e10vk
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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þ |
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
or
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 001-31899
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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20-0098515 |
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(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
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1700 Broadway, Suite 2300 |
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Denver, Colorado
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80290-2300 |
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(Address of principal executive offices)
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(Zip code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (303) 837-1661
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Common Stock, $.001 par value
Preferred Share Purchase Rights
(Title of Class)
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New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
(Name of each exchange on which registered) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None.
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of
the Securities Act. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or
15(d) of the Securities Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is
not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). (Check one):
Large accelerated filer þ Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
Aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant at June
30, 2006: $1,540,817,968.
Number of shares of the registrants common stock outstanding at February 15, 2007: 36,947,681
shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by
reference into Part III.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Certain Definitions |
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3 |
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PART I
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5 |
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Business
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5 |
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Risk Factors
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15 |
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Unresolved Staff Comments
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25 |
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Properties
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25 |
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Legal Proceedings
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31 |
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Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
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31 |
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Executive Officers of the Registrant |
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32 |
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PART II
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34 |
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Market for the Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
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34 |
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Selected Financial Data
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36 |
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Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
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38 |
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
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56 |
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Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
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59 |
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Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
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98 |
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Controls and Procedures
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98 |
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Other Information
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98 |
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PART III
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100 |
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Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
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100 |
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Executive Compensation
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100 |
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Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters
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100 |
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Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence
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101 |
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Principal Accounting Fees and Services
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101 |
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PART IV
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101 |
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Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
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101 |
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2003 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended |
First Amendment to Production Participation Plan |
Production Participation Plan Credit Service Agreement |
Production Participation Plan Supplemental Payment Agreement |
Statement Regarding Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges |
Subsidiaries |
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP |
Consent of Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. |
Consent of R. A. Lenser & Associates, Inc. |
Consent of Ryder Scott Company, L.P. |
Certification by Chairman, President and CEO Pursuant to Section 302 |
Certification by the Vice President and CFO Pursuant to Section 302 |
Certification of the Chairman, President and CEO Pursuant to Section 1350 |
Certification of the Vice President and CFO Pursuant to Section 1350 |
2
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms we, us, our or ours when used in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K refer to Whiting Petroleum Corporation, together with its operating
subsidiaries. When the context requires, we refer to these entities separately.
We have included below the definitions for certain crude oil and natural gas terms used in
this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
3-D seismic Geophysical data that depict the subsurface strata in three dimensions. 3-D
seismic typically provides a more detailed and accurate interpretation of the subsurface strata
than 2-D, or two-dimensional, seismic.
Bbl One stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in this report in
reference to oil and other liquid hydrocarbons.
Bcf One billion cubic feet of natural gas.
BOE One stock tank barrel equivalent of oil, calculated by converting natural gas volumes to
equivalent oil barrels at a ratio of six Mcf to one Bbl of oil.
BOE/d One BOE per day.
Bopd Barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons per day.
completion The installation of permanent equipment for the production of crude oil or
natural gas, or in the case of a dry hole, the reporting of abandonment to the appropriate agency.
MBOE One thousand BOE.
MBOE/d One thousand BOE per day.
Mcf One thousand cubic feet of natural gas.
Mcf/d One Mcf per day.
MMbbl One million barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
MMBOE One million BOE.
MMbtu One million British Thermal Units.
MMcf One million cubic feet of natural gas.
NGLs Natural gas liquids.
PDNP Proved developed nonproducing.
PDP Proved developed producing.
3
plugging and abandonment Refers to the sealing off of fluids in the strata penetrated by a
well so that the fluids from one stratum will not escape into another or to the surface.
Regulations of many states require plugging of abandoned wells.
PUD Proved undeveloped.
pre-tax PV10% The present value of estimated future revenues to be generated from the
production of proved reserves calculated in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC) guidelines, net of estimated lease operating expense, production taxes and future
development costs, using price and costs as of the date of estimation without future escalation,
without giving effect to non-property related expenses such as general and administrative expenses,
debt service and depreciation, depletion and amortization, or Federal income taxes and discounted
using an annual discount rate of 10%. Pre-tax PV10% may be considered a non-GAAP financial measure
as defined by the SEC. See footnote (1) to the Proved Reserves table in Item 1. Business for more
information.
reservoir A porous and permeable underground formation containing a natural accumulation of
producible crude oil and/or natural gas that is confined by impermeable rock or water barriers and
is individual and separate from other reservoirs.
working interest The interest in an crude oil and natural gas property (normally a leasehold
interest) that gives the owner the right to drill, produce and conduct operations on the property
and to share in production, subject to all royalties, overriding royalties and other burdens and to
share in all costs of exploration, development and operations and all risks in connection
therewith.
4
PART I
Item 1. Business
Overview
We are an independent oil and gas company engaged in acquisition, development, exploitation,
production and exploration activities primarily in the Permian Basin, Rocky Mountains,
Mid-Continent, Gulf Coast and Michigan regions of the United States. We were incorporated in 2003
in connection with our initial public offering.
Since our inception in 1980, we have built a strong asset base and achieved steady growth
through property acquisitions, development and exploration activities. As of December 31, 2006,
our estimated proved reserves totaled 248.1 MMBOE, representing a 6% decrease in our proved
reserves since December 31, 2005. Our estimated December 2006 average daily production was 40.5
MBOE/d, which remained consistent with December 2005 average daily production and implied an
average reserve life of approximately 16.8 years.
The following table summarizes our estimated proved reserves by core area, the corresponding
pre-tax PV10% value, our standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows as of December
31, 2006, and our December 2006 average daily production:
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December 2006 |
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Proved Reserves |
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Average Daily |
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Oil |
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Natural |
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Total |
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% |
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Pre-Tax PV10% |
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Production |
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Core Area |
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(MMbbl) |
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Gas (Bcf) |
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(MMBOE) |
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Oil |
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Value(1) |
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(MBOE/d) |
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(In millions) |
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Permian Basin |
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103.1 |
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78.3 |
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116.1 |
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89 |
% |
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$ |
1,345.3 |
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12.6 |
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Rocky Mountains |
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37.1 |
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96.9 |
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53.2 |
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70 |
% |
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$ |
816.4 |
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12.6 |
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Mid-Continent |
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47.4 |
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36.4 |
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53.5 |
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88 |
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$ |
771.8 |
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5.2 |
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Gulf Coast |
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2.2 |
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62.2 |
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12.6 |
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18 |
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$ |
211.6 |
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6.4 |
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Michigan |
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5.2 |
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45.1 |
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12.7 |
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41 |
% |
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$ |
207.1 |
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3.7 |
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Total |
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195.0 |
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318.9 |
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248.1 |
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79 |
% |
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$ |
3,352.2 |
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40.5 |
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Discounted Future
Income Taxes |
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(960.0 |
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Standardized
Measure of
Discounted Future
Net Cash Flows |
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$ |
2,392.2 |
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(1) |
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Pre-tax PV10% may be considered a non-GAAP financial measure as defined by the SEC
and is derived from the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows, which is the
most directly comparable GAAP financial measure. Pre-tax PV10% is computed on the same basis
as the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows but without deducting future
income taxes. We believe pre-tax PV10% is a useful measure for investors for evaluating the
relative monetary significance of our oil and natural gas properties. We further believe
investors may utilize our pre-tax PV10% as a basis for comparison of the relative size and
value of our reserves to other companies because many factors that are unique to each
individual company impact the amount of future income taxes to be paid. Our management uses
this measure when assessing the potential return on investment related to our oil and gas
properties and acquisitions. However, pre-tax PV10% is not a substitute for the standardized
measure of discounted future net cash flows. Our pre-tax PV10% and the standardized measure
of discounted future net cash flows do not purport to present the fair value of our oil and
natural gas reserves. |
We expect to continue to build on our successful acquisition track record and seek
property acquisitions that complement our existing core properties. Additionally, we believe that
our significant drilling inventory, combined with our operating experience and cost structure,
provides us with significant organic growth opportunities. During 2006, we incurred $559.1 million
in acquisition, development and exploration activities, including $455.0 million for the drilling
of 437 gross (322.1 net) wells. Of these new wells, 418 resulted in productive completions and 19
were
5
unsuccessful, yielding a 96% success rate. We have budgeted $350.0 million for development
and exploration drilling expenditures in 2007.
Acquisitions and Divestitures
The following is a summary of our acquisitions and divestitures during the last two years.
See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for
more information on these acquisitions and divestitures.
2006 Acquisitions. On August 29, 2006, we acquired a 15% working interest in approximately
170,000 acres of unproved properties in the central Utah Hingeline play for $25.0 million. No
producing properties or proved reserves were associated with this acquisition. As part of this
transaction, the operator will pay 100% of our drilling and completion costs for the first three
wells in the project.
On August 15, 2006, we acquired 65 producing properties, a gathering line, gas processing
plant and 30,437 net acres of leasehold held by production in Michigan. The purchase price was
$26.0 million for estimated proved reserves of 1.4 MMBOE as of the acquisition effective date of
May 1, 2006, resulting in a cost of $18.55 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved developed
reserve quantities represented 99% of the total proved reserves acquired. The average net
production from the properties was 0.6 MBOE/d as of the acquisition effective date. We operate 85%
of the acquired properties.
On June 1, 2006, we acquired the Postle field oil gathering system and oil transportation line
extending 13 miles from the eastern side of the Postle field to a connection point with an
interstate oil pipeline in Hooker, Oklahoma. We purchased the oil gathering system and pipeline
for $5.3 million.
We funded our 2006 acquisitions with cash on hand and borrowings under Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporations credit agreement.
2006 Divestitures. During 2006, we sold our interests in several non-core properties for an
aggregate amount of $24.4 million in cash for total estimated proved reserves of 1.4 MMBOE as of
the effective dates of the divestitures. The divested properties included interests in the Cessford
field in Alberta, Canada; Permian Basin of West Texas and New Mexico; and the Ashley Valley field
in Uintah County, Utah. The average net production from the divested property interests was 0.4
MBOE/d as of the effective dates of disposition, and we recognized a pre-tax gain on sale of $12.1
million related to these divestitures.
2005 Acquisitions. We completed four separate acquisitions of producing properties during
2005. The combined purchase price for these four acquisitions was $897.7 million for total
estimated proved reserves as of the effective dates of the acquisitions of 133.7 MMBOE, resulting
in a cost of $6.72 per BOE of estimated proved reserves.
Business Strategy
Our goal is to generate meaningful growth in both production and free cash flow by investing
in oil and gas projects with attractive rates of return on capital employed. To date, we have
achieved this goal largely through the acquisition of additional reserves in our core areas. Based
on the extensive property base we have built, we now have several economically attractive
opportunities to exploit and develop within our oil and gas properties and several opportunities to
explore our acreage positions for production growth and additional proved reserves. Specifically,
we have focused, and plan to continue to focus, on the following:
Developing and Exploiting Existing Properties. Our existing property base and our
acquisitions over the past three years have provided us with significant low-risk opportunities for
exploitation and development drilling. As of
6
December 31, 2006, we have identified a drilling inventory of approximately 900 gross wells
that we believe will add substantial production over the next five years. Our drilling inventory
consists largely of the development of our proved undeveloped reserves on which we have spent
significant time evaluating the costs and expected results. Additionally, we have several
opportunities to apply enhanced recovery techniques that we expect will increase proved reserves
and extend the productive lives of our mature fields. Over the next five years, we anticipate
significant increases in production from the North Ward Estes field and Postle field properties we
acquired in 2005 through the use of secondary and tertiary recovery techniques, including water and
CO2 floods.
Growing Through Accretive Acquisitions. Since our initial public offering in November 2003,
we have completed twelve acquisitions of producing properties totaling 207.7 MMBOE of estimated
total proved reserves. Our experienced team of management, engineering and geoscience professionals
has developed and refined an acquisition program designed to increase reserves and complement our
existing properties, including identifying and evaluating acquisition opportunities, negotiating
and closing purchases, and managing acquired properties. As a result of our disciplined approach,
we have achieved significant growth in our core areas at an average cost of $7.02 per BOE of proved
reserves through these twelve acquisitions, not including future costs to develop proved
undeveloped reserves.
Pursuing High-Return Organic Reserve Additions. We plan to allocate approximately 75% of our
$350.0 million capital budget for 2007 to the development of our existing proved reserves. The
remaining 25% will be invested in higher risk drilling, including field extensions drilled outside
the current limits of our development projects as well as new exploration, which we believe will
increase our proved reserves and future cash flow. We expect to add reserves at costs competitive
with our acquisitions. The development of large, unconventional resource plays such as our Piceance
basin and Robinson Lake projects have become a central objective of ours. These projects allow us
to leverage our technical teams experience to focus on conventional drilling projects such as our
Red River gas play in which we can utilize our 3-D seismic data and other advanced exploration
techniques to reduce risk and deliver a high return on investment. We own interests in 897,133
gross (484,495 net) undeveloped acres as well as additional rights to deeper horizons within many
of our developed acreage positions.
Disciplined Financial Approach. Our goal is to remain financially strong, yet flexible,
through the prudent management of our balance sheet and active management of commodity price
volatility. We have historically funded our acquisitions and growth activity through a combination
of equity and debt issuances, bank borrowings and internally generated cash flow, as appropriate,
to maintain our strong financial position. To support cash flow generation on our existing
properties and secure acquisition economics, we periodically enter into derivative contracts.
Typically, we use costless collars to provide an attractive base commodity price level, while
maintaining the ability to benefit from improvements in commodity prices.
Competitive Strengths
We believe that our key competitive strengths lie in our balanced asset portfolio, our
experienced management and technical team and our commitment to effective application of new
technologies.
Balanced, Long-Lived Asset Base. As of December 31, 2006, we had interests in 8,437 gross
(3,659 net) productive wells across 976,379 gross (472,144 net) developed acres in our five core
geographical areas. We believe this geographic mix of properties and organic drilling
opportunities, combined with our continuing business strategy of acquiring and exploiting
properties in these areas, presents us with multiple opportunities for success in executing our
strategy because we are not dependent on any particular producing regions or geological formations.
As a result of our acquisitions of the North Ward Estes field and Postle field properties in 2005
we have enhanced the production stability and reserve life of our developed reserves. Additionally,
these properties contain identifiable growth opportunities to significantly increase production.
Experienced Management Team. Our management team averages over 30 years of experience in the
oil and gas industry. Our personnel have extensive experience in each of our core geographical
areas and in all of our
7
operational disciplines. In addition, each of our acquisition professionals has at least 25
years of experience in the evaluation, acquisition and operational assimilation of oil and gas
properties.
Commitment to Technology. In each of our core operating areas, we have accumulated detailed
geologic and geophysical knowledge and have developed significant technical and operational
expertise. In recent years, we have developed considerable expertise in conventional and 3-D
seismic imaging and interpretation. Our technical team has access to approximately 1,580 square
miles of 3-D seismic data, digital well logs and other subsurface information. This data is
analyzed with state of the art geophysical and geological computer resources dedicated to the
accurate and efficient characterization of the subsurface oil and gas reservoirs that comprise our
asset base. Computer applications enable us to quickly generate reports and schematics on our
wells. In addition, our information systems enable us to update our production databases through
daily uploads from hand held computers in the field. This commitment to technology has increased
the productivity and efficiency of our field operations and development activities.
8
Proved Reserves
Our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2006 are summarized in the table below.
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Future |
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Capital |
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Oil |
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Natural Gas |
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Total |
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% of Total |
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Expenditures |
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(MMBbl) |
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(Bcf) |
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(MMBOE) |
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Proved |
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(In thousands) |
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Permian Basin: |
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PDP |
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32.0 |
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39.5 |
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38.6 |
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33 |
% |
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PDNP |
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20.7 |
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9.9 |
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22.2 |
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19 |
% |
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PUD |
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50.4 |
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28.9 |
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55.3 |
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48 |
% |
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Total Proved |
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103.1 |
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78.3 |
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116.1 |
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100 |
% |
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$ |
713.7 |
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Rocky Mountains: |
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PDP |
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32.1 |
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66.5 |
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43.1 |
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81 |
% |
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PDNP |
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1.2 |
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5.1 |
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2.1 |
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4 |
% |
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PUD |
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3.8 |
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|
|
25.3 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Proved |
|
|
37.1 |
|
|
|
96.9 |
|
|
|
53.2 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
84.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mid-Continent: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PDP |
|
|
20.5 |
|
|
|
23.2 |
|
|
|
24.3 |
|
|
|
45 |
% |
|
|
|
|
PDNP |
|
|
11.9 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
|
|
|
12.9 |
|
|
|
24 |
% |
|
|
|
|
PUD |
|
|
15.0 |
|
|
|
7.7 |
|
|
|
16.3 |
|
|
|
31 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Proved |
|
|
47.4 |
|
|
|
36.4 |
|
|
|
53.5 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
310.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gulf Coast: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PDP |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
34.1 |
|
|
|
7.1 |
|
|
|
56 |
% |
|
|
|
|
PDNP |
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
|
|
PUD |
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
21.1 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
|
33 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Proved |
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
62.2 |
|
|
|
12.6 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
43.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michigan: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PDP |
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
34.0 |
|
|
|
7.3 |
|
|
|
57 |
% |
|
|
|
|
PDNP |
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
PUD |
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
9.4 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
34 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Proved |
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
45.1 |
|
|
|
12.7 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
25.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Company: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PDP |
|
|
87.6 |
|
|
|
197.3 |
|
|
|
120.4 |
|
|
|
49 |
% |
|
|
|
|
PDNP |
|
|
34.8 |
|
|
|
29.2 |
|
|
|
39.7 |
|
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
|
|
PUD |
|
|
72.6 |
|
|
|
92.4 |
|
|
|
88.0 |
|
|
|
35 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Proved |
|
|
195.0 |
|
|
|
318.9 |
|
|
|
248.1 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
1,176.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marketing and Major Customers
We principally sell our oil and gas production to end users, marketers and other purchasers
that have access to nearby pipeline facilities. In areas where there is no practical access to
pipelines, oil is trucked to storage facilities. Our marketing of oil and gas can be affected by
factors beyond our control, the effects of which cannot be accurately predicted. During 2006, sales
to Plains Marketing LP and Valero Energy Corporation accounted for 16% and 12%, respectively, of
our total oil and natural gas sales. During 2005, sales to Teppco Crude Oil LLC accounted for 10%
of our total oil and natural gas sales. In 2004, no single customer was responsible for generating
10% or more of our total oil and natural gas sales.
9
Title to Properties
Our properties are subject to customary royalty interests, liens under indebtedness, liens
incident to operating agreements, liens for current taxes and other burdens, including other
mineral encumbrances and restrictions. Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement is also
secured by a first lien on substantially all of our assets. We do not believe that any of these
burdens materially interfere with the use of our properties in the operation of our business.
We believe that we have satisfactory title to or rights in all of our producing properties. As
is customary in the oil and gas industry, minimal investigation of title is made at the time of
acquisition of undeveloped properties. In most cases, we investigate title and obtain title
opinions from counsel only when we acquire producing properties or before commencement of drilling
operations.
Competition
We operate in a highly competitive environment for acquiring properties, marketing oil and gas
and securing trained personnel. Many of our competitors possess and employ financial, technical and
personnel resources substantially greater than ours, which can be particularly important in the
areas in which we operate. Those companies may be able to pay more for productive oil and gas
properties and exploratory prospects and to evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of
properties and prospects than our financial or personnel resources permit. Our ability to acquire
additional prospects and to find and develop reserves in the future will depend on our ability to
evaluate and select suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a highly competitive
environment. Also, there is substantial competition for capital available for investment in the oil
and gas industry.
Regulation
Regulation of Transportation and Sale of Natural Gas
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) regulates the transportation and sale for
resale of natural gas in interstate commerce pursuant to the Natural Gas Act of 1938 and the
Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 and regulations issued under those Acts. In 1989, however, Congress
enacted the Natural Gas Wellhead Decontrol Act, which removed all remaining price and nonprice
controls affecting wellhead sales of natural gas, effective January 1, 1993. While sales by
producers of natural gas and all sales of crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids can
currently be made at uncontrolled market prices, in the future Congress could reenact price
controls or enact other legislation with detrimental impact on many aspects of our business.
Our sales of natural gas are affected by the availability, terms and cost of transportation.
The price and terms of access to pipeline transportation are subject to extensive federal and state
regulation. From 1985 to the present, several major regulatory changes have been implemented by
Congress and the FERC that affect the economics of natural gas production, transportation and
sales. In addition, the FERC is continually proposing and implementing new rules and regulations
affecting those segments of the natural gas industry that remain subject to the FERCs
jurisdiction, most notably interstate natural gas transmission companies. These initiatives may
also affect the intrastate transportation of natural gas under certain circumstances. The stated
purpose of many of these regulatory changes is to promote competition among the various sectors of
the natural gas industry by making natural gas transportation more accessible to natural gas buyers
and sellers on an open and non-discriminatory basis.
FERC implements The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act as to transportation and pipeline
issues, which requires that all pipelines operating on or across the outer continental shelf
provide open access, non-discriminatory transportation service. One of the FERCs principal goals
in carrying out this Acts mandate is to increase transparency in the market to provide producers
and shippers on the outer continental shelf with greater assurance of open access services on
pipelines located on the outer continental shelf and non-discriminatory rates and conditions of
service on such pipelines.
10
We cannot accurately predict whether the FERCs actions will achieve the goal of increasing
competition in markets in which our natural gas is sold. In addition, many aspects of these
regulatory developments have not become final, but are still pending judicial and final FERC
decisions. Regulations implemented by the FERC in recent years could result in an increase in the
cost of transportation service on certain petroleum product pipelines. The natural gas industry
historically has been very heavily regulated. Therefore, we cannot provide any assurance that the
less stringent regulatory approach recently established by the FERC will continue. However, we do
not believe that any action taken will affect us in a way that materially differs from the way it
affects other natural gas producers.
Intrastate natural gas transportation is subject to regulation by state regulatory agencies.
The basis for intrastate regulation of natural gas transportation and the degree of regulatory
oversight and scrutiny given to intrastate natural gas pipeline rates and services varies from
state to state. Insofar as such regulation within a particular state will generally affect all
intrastate natural gas shippers within the state on a comparable basis, we believe that the
regulation of similarly situated intrastate natural gas transportation in any states in which we
operate and ship natural gas on an intrastate basis will not affect our operations in any way that
is of material difference from those of our competitors.
Regulation of Transportation of Oil
Sales of crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids are not currently regulated and are
made at negotiated prices. Nevertheless, Congress could reenact price controls in the future.
Our sales of crude oil are affected by the availability, terms and cost of transportation. The
transportation of oil in common carrier pipelines is also subject to rate regulation. The FERC
regulates interstate oil pipeline transportation rates under the Interstate Commerce Act. In
general, interstate oil pipeline rates must be cost-based, although settlement rates agreed to by
all shippers are permitted and market-based rates may be permitted in certain circumstances.
Effective January 1, 1995, the FERC implemented regulations establishing an indexing system (based
on inflation) for crude oil transportation rates that allowed for an increase or decrease in the
cost of transporting oil to the purchaser. A review of these regulations by the FERC in 2000 was
successfully challenged on appeal by an association of oil pipelines. As a result, the FERC in
February 2003 increased the index slightly, effective July 2001. Intrastate oil pipeline
transportation rates are subject to regulation by state regulatory commissions. The basis for
intrastate oil pipeline regulation, and the degree of regulatory oversight and scrutiny given to
intrastate oil pipeline rates, varies from state to state. Insofar as effective interstate and
intrastate rates are equally applicable to all comparable shippers, we believe that the regulation
of oil transportation rates will not affect our operations in any way that is of material
difference from those of our competitors.
Further, interstate and intrastate common carrier oil pipelines must provide service on a
non-discriminatory basis. Under this open access standard, common carriers must offer service to
all shippers requesting service on the same terms and under the same rates. When oil pipelines
operate at full capacity, access is governed by prorationing provisions set forth in the pipelines
published tariffs. Accordingly, we believe that access to oil pipeline transportation services
generally will be available to us to the same extent as to our competitors.
Regulation of Production
The production of oil and gas is subject to regulation under a wide range of local, state and
federal statutes, rules, orders and regulations. Federal, state and local statutes and regulations
require permits for drilling operations, drilling bonds and reports concerning operations. All of
the states in which we own and operate properties have regulations governing conservation matters,
including provisions for the unitization or pooling of oil and gas properties, the establishment of
maximum allowable rates of production from oil and gas wells, the regulation of well spacing, and
plugging and abandonment of wells. The effect of these regulations is to limit the amount of oil
and gas that we can produce from our wells and to limit the number of wells or the locations at
which we can drill, although we can apply for exceptions to such regulations or to have reductions
in well spacing. Moreover, each state generally imposes a production or severance tax with respect
to the production and sale of oil, gas and natural gas liquids within its jurisdiction.
11
Some of our offshore operations are conducted on federal leases that are administered by
Minerals Management Service, or MMS, and are required to comply with the regulations and orders
issued by MMS under the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act. Among other things, we are required to
obtain prior MMS approval for any exploration plans we pursue and our development and production
plans for these leases. MMS regulations also establish construction requirements for production
facilities located on our federal offshore leases and govern the plugging and abandonment of wells
and the removal of production facilities from these leases. Under limited circumstances, MMS could
require us to suspend or terminate our operations on a federal lease.
MMS also establishes the basis for royalty payments due under federal oil and gas leases
through regulations issued under applicable statutory authority. State regulatory authorities
establish similar standards for royalty payments due under state oil and gas leases. The basis for
royalty payments established by MMS and the state regulatory authorities is generally applicable to
all federal and state oil and gas lessees. Accordingly, we believe that the impact of royalty
regulation on our operations should generally be the same as the impact on our competitors.
The failure to comply with these rules and regulations can result in substantial penalties.
Our competitors in the oil and gas industry are subject to the same regulatory requirements and
restrictions that affect our operations.
Environmental Regulations
General. Our oil and gas exploration, development and production operations are subject to
stringent federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into
the environment or otherwise relating to environmental protection. Numerous governmental agencies,
such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the EPA) issue regulations to implement and
enforce such laws, which often require difficult and costly compliance measures that carry
substantial administrative, civil and criminal penalties or that may result in injunctive relief
for failure to comply. These laws and regulations may require the acquisition of a permit before
drilling or facility construction commences, restrict the types, quantities and concentrations of
various materials that can be released into the environment in connection with drilling and
production activities, limit or prohibit project siting, construction, or drilling activities on
certain lands laying within wilderness, wetlands, ecologically sensitive and other protected areas,
require remedial action to prevent pollution from former operations, such as plugging abandoned
wells or closing pits, and impose substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from our
operations. The EPA and analogous state agencies may delay or refuse the issuance of required
permits or otherwise include onerous or limiting permit conditions that may have a significant
adverse impact on our ability to conduct operations. The regulatory burden on the oil and gas
industry increases the cost of doing business and consequently affects its profitability.
Changes in environmental laws and regulations occur frequently, and any changes that result in
more stringent and costly material handling, storage, transport, disposal or cleanup requirements
could materially and adversely affect our operations and financial position, as well as those of
the oil and gas industry in general. While we believe that we are in substantial compliance with
current applicable environmental laws and regulations and have not experienced any material adverse
effect from compliance with these environmental requirements, there is no assurance that this trend
will continue in the future.
The environmental laws and regulations which have the most significant impact on the oil and
gas exploration and production industry are as follows:
Superfund. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980,
also known as CERCLA or Superfund, and comparable state laws impose liability, without regard
to fault or the legality of the original conduct, on certain classes of persons that contributed to
the release of a hazardous substance into the environment. These persons include the owner or
operator of a disposal site or sites where a release occurred and entities that disposed or
arranged for the disposal of the hazardous substances found at the site. Under CERCLA, such persons
may be subject to strict, joint and several liability for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous
substances that have been released into the environment, for damages to natural resources and for
the costs of certain health studies, and it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other
third parties to file claims for personal
12
injury and property damage allegedly caused by the hazardous substances released into the
environment. In the course of our ordinary operations, we may generate material that may fall
within CERCLAs definition of a hazardous substance. Consequently, we may be jointly and
severally liable under CERCLA or comparable state statutes for all or part of the costs required to
clean up sites at which these materials have been disposed or released.
We currently own or lease, and in the past have owned or leased, properties that for many
years have been used for the exploration and production of oil and gas. Although we and our
predecessors have used operating and disposal practices that were standard in the industry at the
time, hydrocarbons or other materials may have been disposed or released on, under, or from the
properties owned or leased by us or on, under, or from other locations where these hydrocarbons and
materials have been taken for disposal. In addition, many of these owned and leased properties have
been operated by third parties whose management and disposal of hydrocarbons and materials were not
under our control. Similarly, the disposal facilities where discarded materials are sent are also
often operated by third parties whose waste treatment and disposal practices may not be adequate.
While we only use what we consider to be reputable disposal facilities, we might not know of a
potential problem if the disposal occurred before we acquired the property or business, if the
problem itself is not discovered until years later. Our properties, adjacent affected properties,
the disposal sites, and the material itself may be subject to CERCLA and analogous state laws.
Under these laws, we could be required:
|
|
|
to remove or remediate previously disposed materials, including materials disposed or
released by prior owners or operators or other third parties; |
|
|
|
|
to clean up contaminated property, including contaminated groundwater; or |
|
|
|
|
to perform remedial operations to prevent future contamination, including the
plugging and abandonment of wells drilled and left inactive by prior owners and
operators. |
At this time, we do not believe that we are a potentially responsible party with respect to
any Superfund site and we have not been notified of any claim, liability or damages under CERCLA.
Oil Pollution Act. The Oil Pollution Act of 1990, also known as OPA, and regulations issued
under OPA impose strict, joint and several liability on responsible parties for damages resulting
from oil spills into or upon navigable waters, adjoining shorelines or in the exclusive economic
zone of the United States. A responsible party includes the owner or operator of an onshore
facility and the lessee or permittee of the area in which an offshore facility is located. The OPA
establishes a liability limit for onshore facilities of $350.0 million, while the liability limit
for offshore facilities is the payment of all removal costs plus up to $75.0 million in other
damages, but these limits may not apply if a spill is caused by a partys gross negligence or
willful misconduct, the spill resulted from violation of a federal safety, construction or
operating regulation, or if a party fails to report a spill or to cooperate fully in a cleanup. The
OPA also requires the lessee or permittee of the offshore area in which a covered offshore facility
is located to establish and maintain evidence of financial responsibility in the amount of $35.0
million ($10.0 million if the offshore facility is located landward of the seaward boundary of a
state) to cover liabilities related to an oil spill for which such person is statutorily
responsible. The amount of financial responsibility required under OPA may be increased up to
$150.0 million, depending on the risk represented by the quantity or quality of oil that is handled
by the facility. Any failure to comply with OPAs requirements or inadequate cooperation during a
spill response action may subject a responsible party to administrative, civil or criminal
enforcement actions. We believe we are in compliance with all applicable OPA financial
responsibility obligations. Moreover, we are not aware of any action or event that would subject us
to liability under OPA, and we believe that compliance with OPAs financial responsibility and
other operating requirements will not have a material adverse effect on us.
Resource Conservation Recovery Act. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, also known as
RCRA, is the principal federal statute governing the treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous
wastes. RCRA imposes stringent operating requirements, and liability for failure to meet such
requirements, on a person who is either a
13
generator or transporter of hazardous waste or an owner or operator of a hazardous
waste treatment, storage or disposal facility. RCRA and many state counterparts specifically
exclude from the definition of hazardous waste drilling fluids, produced waters, and other wastes
associated with the exploration, development, or production of crude oil, natural gas or geothermal
energy and thus we are not required to comply with a substantial portion of RCRAs requirements
because our operations generate minimal quantities of hazardous wastes. However, these wastes may
be regulated by EPA or state agencies as solid waste. In addition, ordinary industrial wastes, such
as paint wastes, waste solvents, laboratory wastes, and waste compressor oils, may be regulated as
hazardous waste. Although we do not believe the current costs of managing our materials
constituting wastes as they are presently classified to be significant, any repeal or modification
of the oil and gas exploration and production exemption by administrative, legislative or judicial
process, or modification of similar exemptions in analogous state statutes, would increase the
volume of hazardous waste we are required to manage and dispose of and would cause us, as well as
our competitors, to incur increased operating expenses.
Clean Water Act. The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, or the Clean Water Act (the
CWA), imposes restrictions and controls on the discharge of produced waters and other pollutants
into navigable waters. Permits must be obtained to discharge pollutants into state and federal
waters and to conduct construction activities in waters and wetlands. The CWA and certain state
regulations prohibit the discharge of produced water, sand, drilling fluids, drill cuttings,
sediment and certain other substances related to the oil and gas industry into certain coastal and
offshore waters without an individual or general National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
discharge permit.
Historically, the EPA had regulations under the authority of the CWA that required certain oil
and gas exploration and production projects to obtain permits for construction projects with storm
water discharges. However, the Energy Policy Act of 2005 nullified most of the EPA regulations that
required permitting of oil and gas construction projects. There are still some States that
regulate the discharge of storm water from oil and gas construction projects. Costs may be
associated with the treatment of wastewater and/or developing and implementing storm water
pollution prevention plans. The Clean Water Act and comparable state statutes provide for civil,
criminal and administrative penalties for unauthorized discharges of oil and other pollutants and
impose liability on parties responsible for those discharges for the costs of cleaning up any
environmental damage caused by the release and for natural resource damages resulting from the
release. In Section 40 CFR 112 of the regulations, the EPA promulgated the Spill Prevention,
Control, and Countermeasure, or SPCC, regulations, which require certain oil containing facilities
to prepare plans and meet construction and operating standards. The SPCC regulations were revised
in 2002 and will require the amendment of SPCC plans and the modification of spill control devices
at many facilities. The due date for having plans completed and control devices in place was
extended on December 12, 2005 with the new compliance date being October 31, 2007. On December 26,
2006 the EPA proposed an additional extension of the compliance dates until July 1, 2009 for both
completion and implementation of the Plan. This proposed rule is expected to be finalized in the
near future. The extension will allow time for the EPA to complete additional rule amendments and
guidance documents. We believe that our operations comply in all material respects with the
requirements of the Clean Water Act and state statutes enacted to control water pollution and that
any amendment and subsequent implementation of our SPCC plans will be performed in a timely manner
and not have a significant impact on our operations.
Clean Air Act. The Clean Air restricts the emission of air pollutants from many sources,
including oil and gas operations. New facilities may be required to obtain permits before work can
begin, and existing facilities may be required to obtain additional permits and incur capital costs
in order to remain in compliance. More stringent regulations governing emissions of toxic air
pollutants are being developed by the EPA, and may increase the costs of compliance for some
facilities. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with all applicable air emissions
regulations and that we hold or have applied for all permits necessary to our operations.
Consideration of Environmental Issues in Connection with Governmental Approvals. Our
operations frequently require licenses, permits and/or other governmental approvals. Several
federal statutes, including the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, the National Environmental
Policy Act, and the Coastal Zone Management Act require
14
federal agencies to evaluate environmental issues in connection with granting such approvals
and/or taking other major agency actions. The Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, for instance,
requires the U.S. Department of Interior to evaluate whether certain proposed activities would
cause serious harm or damage to the marine, coastal or human environment. Similarly, the National
Environmental Policy Act requires the Department of Interior and other federal agencies to evaluate
major agency actions having the potential to significantly impact the environment. In the course of
such evaluations, an agency would have to prepare an environmental assessment and, potentially, an
environmental impact statement. The Coastal Zone Management Act, on the other hand, aids states in
developing a coastal management program to protect the coastal environment from growing demands
associated with various uses, including offshore oil and gas development. In obtaining various
approvals from the Department of Interior, we must certify that we will conduct our activities in a
manner consistent with these regulations.
Employees
As of December 31, 2006, we had 359 full-time employees, including 27 senior level
geoscientists and 35 petroleum engineers. Our employees are not represented by any labor unions. We
consider our relations with our employees to be satisfactory, and have never experienced a work
stoppage or strike.
Available Information
We maintain a website at the address www.whiting.com. We are not including the
information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this
report. We make available free of charge (other than an investors own Internet access charges)
through our website our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current
reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we
electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to, the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider each of the risks described below, together with all of the
other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, before making an investment
decision with respect to our securities. If any of the following risks develop into actual events,
our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely
affected and you may lose all or part of your investment.
A substantial or extended decline in oil and gas prices may adversely affect our business,
financial condition or results of operations.
The price we receive for our oil and gas production heavily influences our revenue,
profitability, access to capital and future rate of growth. Crude oil and natural gas are
commodities and, therefore, their prices are subject to wide fluctuations in response to relatively
minor changes in supply and demand. Historically, the markets for oil and gas have been volatile.
These markets will likely continue to be volatile in the future. The prices we receive for our
production, and the levels of our production, depend on numerous factors beyond our control. These
factors include, but are not limited to, the following:
|
|
|
changes in global supply and demand for oil and gas; |
|
|
|
|
the actions of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; |
|
|
|
|
the price and quantity of imports of foreign oil and gas; |
|
|
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political and economic conditions, including embargoes, in oil-producing countries or
affecting other oil-producing activity; |
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the level of global oil and gas exploration and production activity; |
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the level of global oil and gas inventories; |
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weather conditions; |
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technological advances affecting energy consumption; |
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domestic and foreign governmental regulations; |
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proximity and capacity of oil and gas pipelines and other transportation facilities; |
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the price and availability of competitors supplies of oil and gas in captive market areas; and |
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the price and availability of alternative fuels. |
Lower oil and gas prices may not only decrease our revenues on a per unit basis but also may
reduce the amount of oil and gas that we can produce economically. A substantial or extended
decline in oil or gas prices may materially and adversely affect our future business, financial
condition, results of operations, liquidity or ability to finance planned capital expenditures.
Lower oil and gas prices may also reduce the amount of our borrowing base under our credit
agreement, which is determined at the discretion of the lenders based on the collateral value of
our proved reserves that have been mortgaged to the lenders.
Drilling for and producing oil and gas are high risk activities with many uncertainties that could
adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our future success will depend on the success of our development, exploitation, production and
exploration activities. Our oil and gas exploration and production activities are subject to
numerous risks beyond our control, including the risk that drilling will not result in commercially
viable oil or gas production. Our decisions to purchase, explore, develop or otherwise exploit
prospects or properties will depend in part on the evaluation of data obtained through geophysical
and geological analyses, production data and engineering studies, the results of which are often
inconclusive or subject to varying interpretations. Please read Reserve estimates depend on
many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate . . . for a discussion of the uncertainty
involved in these processes. Our cost of drilling, completing and operating wells is often
uncertain before drilling commences. Overruns in budgeted expenditures are common risks that can
make a particular project uneconomical. Further, many factors may curtail, delay or cancel
drilling, including the following:
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delays imposed by or resulting from compliance with regulatory requirements; |
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pressure or irregularities in geological formations; |
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shortages of or delays in obtaining equipment, including drilling rigs, and qualified personnel; |
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equipment failures or accidents; |
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adverse weather conditions, such as hurricanes and tropical storms; |
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reductions in oil and gas prices; and |
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title problems. |
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Our acquisition activities may not be successful.
As part of our growth strategy, we have made and may continue to make acquisitions of
businesses and properties. However, suitable acquisition candidates may not continue to be
available on terms and conditions we find acceptable, and acquisitions pose substantial risks to
our business, financial condition and results of operations. In pursuing acquisitions, we compete
with other companies, many of which have greater financial and other resources to acquire
attractive companies and properties. The following are some of the risks associated with
acquisitions, including any future acquisitions and our recently completed acquisitions:
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some of the acquired businesses or properties may not produce revenues, reserves,
earnings or cash flow at anticipated levels; |
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we may assume liabilities that were not disclosed to us or that exceed our estimates; |
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we may be unable to integrate acquired businesses successfully and realize
anticipated economic, operational and other benefits in a timely manner, which could
result in substantial costs and delays or other operational, technical or financial
problems; |
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acquisitions could disrupt our ongoing business, distract management, divert
resources and make it difficult to maintain our current business standards, controls and
procedures; and |
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we may issue additional debt securities or equity related to future acquisitions. |
The development of the proved undeveloped reserves in the North Ward Estes and Postle fields may
take longer and may require higher levels of capital expenditures than we currently anticipate.
As of December 31, 2006, undeveloped reserves comprised 54% of the North Ward Estes fields
total estimated proved reserves and 34% of Postle fields estimated total proved reserves. In order
to fully develop these reserves, we expect to incur future development costs of $656.0 million at
the North Ward Estes field and $302.6 million at the Postle field. During 2006, the estimated
capital expenditures necessary to develop the proved reserves at the North Ward Estes field and
Postle field increased substantially. The increase was due to several factors including equipment
and service cost inflation, higher CO2 unit costs and volumes, higher costs associated
with the expanded scope of previously identified projects as well as new projects identified during
2006. Together, these fields encompass 82% of our estimated total future development costs related
to proved reserves. Development of these reserves may take longer and require higher levels of
capital expenditures than we currently anticipate. In addition, the development of these reserves
will require the use of enhanced recovery techniques, including water flood and CO2
injection installations, the success of which is less predictable than traditional development
techniques. Therefore, ultimate recoveries from these fields may not match current expectations.
Substantial acquisitions or other transactions could require significant external capital and could
change our risk and property profile.
In order to finance acquisitions of additional producing properties, we may need to alter or
increase our capitalization substantially through the issuance of debt or equity securities, the
sale of production payments or other means. These changes in capitalization may significantly
affect our risk profile. Additionally, significant acquisitions or other transactions can change
the character of our operations and business. The character of the new properties may be
substantially different in operating or geological characteristics or geographic location than our
existing properties. Furthermore, we may not be able to obtain external funding for future
acquisitions or other transactions or to obtain external funding on terms acceptable to us.
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Properties that we acquire may not produce as projected, and we may be unable to identify
liabilities associated with the properties or obtain protection from sellers against them.
Our business strategy includes a continuing acquisition program. During 2006 and 2005, we
completed five separate acquisitions of producing properties with a combined purchase price of
$923.7 million for estimated proved reserves as of the effective dates of the acquisitions of 135.1
MMBOE, representing an average cost of $6.84 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. The successful
acquisition of producing properties requires assessments of many factors, which are inherently
inexact and may be inaccurate, including the following:
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the amount of recoverable reserves; |
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future oil and gas prices; |
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estimates of operating costs; |
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estimates of future development costs; |
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estimates of the costs and timing of plugging and abandonment; and |
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potential environmental and other liabilities. |
Our assessment will not reveal all existing or potential problems, nor will it permit us to
become familiar enough with the properties to assess fully their capabilities and deficiencies. In
the course of our due diligence, we may not inspect every well, platform or pipeline. Inspections
may not reveal structural and environmental problems, such as pipeline corrosion or groundwater
contamination, when they are made. We may not be able to obtain contractual indemnities from the
seller for liabilities that it created. We may be required to assume the risk of the physical
condition of the properties in addition to the risk that the properties may not perform in
accordance with our expectations.
If oil and gas prices decrease, we may be required to take write-downs of the carrying values of
our oil and gas properties.
Accounting rules require that we review periodically the carrying value of our oil and gas
properties for possible impairment. Based on specific market factors and circumstances at the time
of prospective impairment reviews, and the continuing evaluation of development plans, production
data, economics and other factors, we may be required to write down the carrying value of our oil
and gas properties. A write-down constitutes a non-cash charge to earnings. We may incur impairment
charges in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in
the period taken.
Our debt level and the covenants in the agreements governing our debt could negatively impact our
financial condition, results of operations and business prospects.
As of December 31, 2006, we had $380.0 million in outstanding consolidated indebtedness under
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement with $495.0 million of available borrowing
capacity, as well as $620.0 million of Senior Subordinated Notes outstanding. We are permitted to
incur additional indebtedness, provided we meet certain requirements in the indentures governing
our senior subordinated notes and Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement.
Our level of indebtedness, and the covenants contained in the agreements governing our debt,
could have important consequences for our operations, including:
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increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions and
detracting from our ability to withstand successfully a downturn in our business or the
economy generally; |
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requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to
required payments on debt, thereby reducing the availability of cash flow for working
capital, capital expenditures and other general business activities; |
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limiting our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working
capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and general corporate and other activities; |
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limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and
the industry in which we operate; |
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placing us at a competitive disadvantage relative to other less leveraged
competitors; and |
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making us vulnerable to increases in interest rates, because debt under Whiting Oil
and Gas Corporations credit agreement may be at variable rates. |
We may be required to repay all or a portion of our debt on an accelerated basis in certain
circumstances. If we fail to comply with the covenants and other restrictions in the agreements
governing our debt, it could lead to an event of default and the acceleration of our repayment of
outstanding debt. Our ability to comply with these covenants and other restrictions may be affected
by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic and financial conditions. Moreover, the
borrowing base limitation on Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement is periodically
redetermined based on an evaluation of our reserves. Upon a redetermination, if borrowings in
excess of the revised borrowing capacity were outstanding, we could be forced to repay a portion of
our bank debt.
We may not have sufficient funds to make such repayments. If we are unable to repay our debt
out of cash on hand, we could attempt to refinance such debt, sell assets or repay such debt with
the proceeds from an equity offering. We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow to pay
the interest on our debt, or future borrowings, equity financings or proceeds from the sale of
assets may not be available to pay or refinance such debt. The terms of our debt, including Whiting
Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement, may also prohibit us from taking such actions. Factors
that will affect our ability to raise cash through an offering of our capital stock, a refinancing
of our debt or a sale of assets include financial market conditions and our market value and
operating performance at the time of such offering or other financing. We may not be able to
successfully complete any such offering, refinancing or sale of assets.
The instruments governing our indebtedness contain various covenants limiting the discretion of our
management in operating our business.
The indentures governing our senior subordinated notes and Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations
credit agreement contain various restrictive covenants that limit our managements discretion in
operating our business. In particular, these agreements will limit our and our subsidiaries
ability to, among other things:
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pay dividends on, redeem or repurchase our capital stock or redeem or repurchase our
subordinated debt; |
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make loans to others; |
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make investments; |
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incur additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock; |
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create certain liens; |
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sell assets; |
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enter into agreements that restrict dividends or other payments from our restricted
subsidiaries to us; |
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consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of us and our
restrict subsidiaries taken as a whole; |
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engage in transactions with affiliates; |
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enter into hedging contracts; |
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create unrestricted subsidiaries; and |
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enter into sale and leaseback transactions. |
In addition, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement also requires us to maintain a
certain working capital ratio and a certain debt to EBITDAX (as defined in the credit agreement)
ratio.
If we fail to comply with the restrictions in the indentures governing our senior subordinated
notes or Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement or any other subsequent financing
agreements, a default may allow the creditors, if the agreements so provide, to accelerate the
related indebtedness as well as any other indebtedness to which a cross-acceleration or
cross-default provision applies. In addition, lenders may be able to terminate any commitments they
had made to make available further funds.
Our development and exploration operations require substantial capital and we may be unable to
obtain needed capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which could lead to a loss of properties
and a decline in our oil and gas reserves.
The oil and gas industry is capital intensive. We make and expect to continue to make
substantial capital expenditures in our business and operations for the exploration, development,
production and acquisition of oil and gas reserves. To date, we have financed capital expenditures
primarily with bank borrowings and cash generated by operations. We intend to finance our future
capital expenditures with cash flow from operations and our existing financing arrangements. Our
cash flow from operations and access to capital are subject to a number of variables, including:
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our proved reserves; |
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the level of oil and gas we are able to produce from existing wells; |
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the prices at which oil and gas are sold; and |
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our ability to acquire, locate and produce new reserves. |
If our revenues or the borrowing base under our bank credit agreement decreases as a result of
lower oil and gas prices, operating difficulties, declines in reserves or for any other reason,
then we may have limited ability to obtain the capital necessary to sustain our operations at
current levels. We may, from time to time, need to seek additional financing. There can be no
assurance as to the availability or terms of any additional financing.
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If additional capital is needed, we may not be able to obtain debt or equity financing on
terms favorable to us, or at all. If cash generated by operations or available under our revolving
credit facility is not sufficient to meet our capital requirements, the failure to obtain
additional financing could result in a curtailment of our operations relating to exploration and
development of our prospects, which in turn could lead to a possible loss of properties and a
decline in our oil and gas reserves.
Reserve estimates depend on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any material
inaccuracies in these reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the
quantities and present value of our reserves.
The process of estimating oil and gas reserves is complex. It requires interpretations of
available technical data and many assumptions, including assumptions relating to economic factors.
Any significant inaccuracies in these interpretations or assumptions could materially affect the
estimated quantities and present value of reserves referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
In order to prepare our estimates, we must project production rates and timing of development
expenditures. We must also analyze available geological, geophysical, production and engineering
data. The extent, quality and reliability of this data can vary. The process also requires economic
assumptions about matters such as oil and gas prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital
expenditures, taxes and availability of funds. Therefore, estimates of oil and gas reserves are
inherently imprecise.
Actual future production, oil and gas prices, revenues, taxes, development expenditures,
operating expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves most likely will vary from
our estimates. Any significant variance could materially affect the estimated quantities and
present value of reserves referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, we may
adjust estimates of proved reserves to reflect production history, results of exploration and
development, prevailing oil and gas prices and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
You should not assume that the present value of future net revenues from our proved reserves
referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K is the current market value of our estimated oil and
gas reserves. In accordance with SEC requirements, we generally base the estimated discounted
future net cash flows from our proved reserves on prices and costs on the date of the estimate.
Actual future prices and costs may differ materially from those used in the present value estimate.
If natural gas prices decline by $0.10 per Mcf, then the standardized measure of discounted future
net cash flows of our estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2006 would have decreased from
$2,392.2 million to $2,382.1 million. If oil prices decline by $1.00 per Bbl, then the standardized
measure of discounted future net cash flows of our estimated proved reserves as of December 31,
2006 would have decreased from $2,392.2 million to $2,340.9 million.
Seasonal weather conditions and lease stipulations adversely affect our ability to conduct drilling
activities in some of the areas where we operate.
Oil and gas operations in the Rocky Mountains are adversely affected by seasonal weather
conditions and lease stipulations designed to protect various wildlife. In certain areas drilling
and other oil and gas activities can only be conducted during the spring and summer months. This
limits our ability to operate in those areas and can intensify competition during those months for
drilling rigs, oil field equipment, services, supplies and qualified personnel, which may lead to
periodic shortages. Resulting shortages or high costs could delay our operations and materially
increase our operating and capital costs.
Prospects that we decide to drill may not yield oil or gas in commercially viable quantities.
We describe some of our current prospects and our plans to explore those prospects in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K. A prospect is a property on which we have identified what our
geoscientists believe, based on available
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seismic and geological information, to be indications of oil or gas. Our prospects are in
various stages of evaluation, ranging from a prospect which is ready to drill to a prospect that
will require substantial additional seismic data processing and interpretation. There is no way to
predict in advance of drilling and testing whether any particular prospect will yield oil or gas in
sufficient quantities to recover drilling or completion costs or to be economically viable. The use
of seismic data and other technologies and the study of producing fields in the same area will not
enable us to know conclusively prior to drilling whether oil or gas will be present or, if present,
whether oil or gas will be present in commercial quantities. The analogies we draw from available
data from other wells, more fully explored prospects or producing fields may not be applicable to
our drilling prospects.
We may incur substantial losses and be subject to substantial liability claims as a result of our
oil and gas operations.
We are not insured against all risks. Losses and liabilities arising from uninsured and
underinsured events could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or
results of operations. Our oil and gas exploration and production activities are subject to all of
the operating risks associated with drilling for and producing oil and gas, including the
possibility of:
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environmental hazards, such as uncontrollable flows of oil, gas, brine, well fluids,
toxic gas or other pollution into the environment, including groundwater and shoreline
contamination; |
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abnormally pressured formations; |
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mechanical difficulties, such as stuck oil field drilling and service tools and casing collapse; |
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fires and explosions; |
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personal injuries and death; and |
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natural disasters. |
Any of these risks could adversely affect our ability to conduct operations or result in
substantial losses to our company. We may elect not to obtain insurance if we believe that the cost
of available insurance is excessive relative to the risks presented. In addition, pollution and
environmental risks generally are not fully insurable. If a significant accident or other event
occurs and is not fully covered by insurance, then it could adversely affect us.
We have limited control over activities on properties we do not operate, which could reduce our
production and revenues.
If we do not operate the properties in which we own an interest, we do not have control over
normal operating procedures, expenditures or future development of underlying properties. The
failure of an operator of our wells to adequately perform operations, or an operators breach of
the applicable agreements, could reduce our production and revenues. The success and timing of our
drilling and development activities on properties operated by others therefore depends upon a
number of factors outside of our control, including the operators timing and amount of capital
expenditures, expertise and financial resources, inclusion of other participants in drilling wells,
and use of technology. Because we do not have a majority interest in most wells we do not operate,
we may not be in a position to remove the operator in the event of poor performance.
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Our use of 3-D seismic data is subject to interpretation and may not accurately identify the
presence of oil and gas, which could adversely affect the results of our drilling operations.
Even when properly used and interpreted, 3-D seismic data and visualization techniques are
only tools used to assist geoscientists in identifying subsurface structures and hydrocarbon
indicators and do not enable the interpreter to know whether hydrocarbons are, in fact, present in
those structures. In addition, the use of 3-D seismic and other advanced technologies requires
greater predrilling expenditures than traditional drilling strategies, and we could incur losses as
a result of such expenditures. As a result, some of our drilling activities may not be successful
or economical and our overall drilling success rate or our drilling success rate for activities in
a particular area could decline. We often gather 3-D seismic over large areas. Our interpretation
of seismic data delineates for us those portions of an area that we believe are desirable for
drilling. Therefore, we may choose not to acquire option or lease rights prior to acquiring seismic
data and, in many cases, we may identify hydrocarbon indicators before seeking option or lease
rights in the location. If we are not able to lease those locations on acceptable terms, it would
result in our having made substantial expenditures to acquire and analyze 3-D data without having
an opportunity to attempt to benefit from those expenditures.
Market conditions or operational impediments may hinder our access to oil and gas markets or delay
our production.
Market conditions or the unavailability of satisfactory oil and gas transportation
arrangements may hinder our access to oil and gas markets or delay our production. The availability
of a ready market for our oil and gas production depends on a number of factors, including the
demand for and supply of oil and gas and the proximity of reserves to pipelines and terminal
facilities. Our ability to market our production depends in part on the availability and capacity
of gathering systems, pipelines and processing facilities owned and operated by third parties. Our
failure to obtain such services on acceptable terms could materially harm our business. We may be
required to shut in wells for a lack of a market or because of inadequacy or unavailability of gas
pipeline or gathering system capacity. If that were to occur, then we would be unable to realize
revenue from those wells until production arrangements were made to deliver to market.
We are subject to complex laws that can affect the cost, manner or feasibility of doing business.
Exploration, development, production and sale of oil and gas are subject to extensive federal,
state, local and international regulation. We may be required to make large expenditures to comply
with governmental regulations. Matters subject to regulation include:
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discharge permits for drilling operations; |
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drilling bonds; |
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reports concerning operations; |
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the spacing of wells; |
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unitization and pooling of properties; and |
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taxation. |
Under these laws, we could be liable for personal injuries, property damage and other damages.
Failure to comply with these laws also may result in the suspension or termination of our
operations and subject us to administrative, civil and criminal penalties. Moreover, these laws
could change in ways that substantially increase our
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costs. Any such liabilities, penalties, suspensions, terminations or regulatory changes could
materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our operations may incur substantial liabilities to comply with the environmental laws and
regulations.
Our oil and gas operations are subject to stringent federal, state and local laws and
regulations relating to the release or disposal of materials into the environment or otherwise
relating to environmental protection. These laws and regulations may require the acquisition of a
permit before drilling commences, restrict the types, quantities, and concentration of materials
that can be released into the environment in connection with drilling and production activities,
limit or prohibit drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands, and other
protected areas, and impose substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from our operations.
Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of administrative,
civil, and criminal penalties, incurrence of investigatory or remedial obligations, or the
imposition of injunctive relief. Changes in environmental laws and regulations occur frequently,
and any changes that result in more stringent or costly material handling, storage, transport,
disposal or cleanup requirements could require us to make significant expenditures to maintain
compliance, and may otherwise have a material adverse effect on our results of operations,
competitive position, or financial condition as well as those of the oil and gas industry in
general. Under these environmental laws and regulations, we could be held strictly liable for the
removal or remediation of previously released materials or property contamination regardless of
whether we were responsible for the release or if our operations were standard in the industry at
the time they were performed. Federal law and some state laws also allow the government to place a
lien on real property for costs incurred by the government to address contamination on the
property.
Unless we replace our oil and gas reserves, our reserves and production will decline, which would
adversely affect our cash flows and income.
Unless we conduct successful development, exploitation and exploration activities or acquire
properties containing proved reserves, our proved reserves will decline as those reserves are
produced. Producing oil and gas reservoirs generally are characterized by declining production
rates that vary depending upon reservoir characteristics and other factors. Our future oil and gas
reserves and production, and, therefore our cash flow and income, are highly dependent on our
success in efficiently developing and exploiting our current reserves and economically finding or
acquiring additional recoverable reserves. We may not be able to develop, exploit, find or acquire
additional reserves to replace our current and future production.
The loss of senior management or technical personnel could adversely affect us.
To a large extent, we depend on the services of our senior management and technical personnel.
The loss of the services of our senior management or technical personnel, including James J.
Volker, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer; James T. Brown, our Vice President,
Operations; J. Douglas Lang, our Vice President, Reservoir Engineering/Acquisitions; David M.
Seery, our Vice President of Land; Michael J. Stevens, our Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer; or Mark R. Williams, our Vice President, Exploration and Development, could have a
material adverse effect on our operations. We do not maintain, nor do we plan to obtain, any
insurance against the loss of any of these individuals.
The unavailability or high cost of additional drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel and oil
field services could adversely affect our ability to execute on a timely basis our exploration and
development plans within our budget.
Shortages or the high cost of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies or personnel could delay or
adversely affect our development and exploration operations, which could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
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Competition in the oil and gas industry is intense, which may adversely affect our ability to
compete.
We operate in a highly competitive environment for acquiring properties, marketing oil and gas
and securing trained personnel. Many of our competitors possess and employ financial, technical and
personnel resources substantially greater than ours, which can be particularly important in the
areas in which we operate. Those companies may be able to pay more for productive oil and gas
properties and exploratory prospects and to evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of
properties and prospects than our financial or personnel resources permit. Our ability to acquire
additional prospects and to find and develop reserves in the future will depend on our ability to
evaluate and select suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a highly competitive
environment. Also, there is substantial competition for capital available for investment in the oil
and gas industry. We may not be able to compete successfully in the future in acquiring prospective
reserves, developing reserves, marketing hydrocarbons, attracting and retaining quality personnel
and raising additional capital.
Our use of oil and gas price hedging contracts involves credit risk and may limit future revenues
from price increases and result in significant fluctuations in our net income.
We enter into hedging transactions for our oil and gas production to reduce our exposure to
fluctuations in the price of oil and gas. Our hedging transactions have to date consisted of
financially settled crude oil and natural gas forward sales contracts, primarily costless collars,
placed with major financial institutions. As of December 31, 2006, we have contracts maturing in
2007 covering the sale of between 410,000 and 450,000 barrels of oil per month and 1,600,000 MMbtu
of gas per month. All our oil hedges expire in December of 2008, and all our gas hedges expire in
March of 2007. Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement required us to hedge at least 55%
of our total forecasted production from the Postle properties and the North Ward Estes properties
for the period through March 31, 2007 for gas and December 31, 2008 for oil. These hedges were put
in place during the third quarter of 2005. See Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about
Market Risk Commodity Risk for pricing and a more detailed discussion of our hedging
transactions.
We may in the future enter into these and other types of hedging arrangements to reduce our
exposure to fluctuations in the market prices of oil and gas. Hedging transactions expose us to
risk of financial loss in some circumstances, including if production is less than expected, the
other party to the contract defaults on its obligations or there is a change in the expected
differential between the underlying price in the hedging agreement and actual prices received.
Hedging transactions may limit the benefit we would have otherwise received from increases in the
price for oil and gas. Furthermore, if we do not engage in hedging transactions, then we may be
more adversely affected by declines in oil and gas prices than our competitors who engage in
hedging transactions. Additionally, hedging transactions may expose us to cash margin requirements.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Properties
Summary of Oil and Gas Properties and Projects
Permian Basin Region
Our Permian Basin operations include assets in Texas and New Mexico. As of December 31, 2006,
the Permian Basin region contributed 116.1 MMBOE (89% oil) of estimated proved reserves to our
portfolio of operations, which represented 47% of our total estimated proved reserves.
Approximately 96% of the proved reserves of our Permian Basin operations are related to properties
in Texas.
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North Ward Estes. The North Ward Estes field includes six base leases with 100% working
interest in 58,000 gross and net acres in Ward and Winkler Counties, Texas. As of December 31,
2006, there were approximately 935 producing wells and 440 injection wells. The Yates Formation at
2,600 feet is the primary producing zone with additional production from other zones including the
Queen at 3,000 feet. We also have the rights to deeper horizons under 34,140 gross acres in the
North Ward Estes field. The North Ward Estes properties produced at an estimated average net daily
rate of 5,370 Bopd (including NGLs) and 5,880 Mcf/d of gas during the month of December 2006. In
the North Ward Estes field, the estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2006 were 20% PDP, 26%
PDNP and 54% PUD.
The North Ward Estes field was initially developed in the 1930s and full scale waterflooding
was initiated in 1955. A CO2 enhanced recovery project was implemented in the core of
the field in 1989, but was terminated in 1996 after a successful top lease by a third party. We
reinitiated water injection in 2006 and have successfully re-pressured the pilot area for the
resumptions of the CO2 flood. We began construction of a gas plant to process and
separate the CO2 from the produced gas in the fourth quarter of 2006, and we plan to
begin CO2 injection late in the first quarter of 2007. A contract for the future
purchase of significant CO2 volumes was executed during 2006.
We also have interests in certain other fields within the Permian Basin of Texas and New
Mexico, including 2,250 producing oil and gas wells. These properties produced at an estimated
average net daily rate of 7,990 Bopd (including NGLs) and 18,340 Mcf/d of gas during the month of
December 2006.
Would Have Field. We own an 87% operated working interest in the Would Have field in Howard
County, Texas, currently producing from 57 active wells. Discovered in 2001, this field produces
from two sub-units of the Clearfork Formation, the Would Have and the
Dillard Limestones. Waterflood expansion into the eastern half of the
field is currently underway. During 2006
we drilled two successful Varel (San Andres) tests, and plans are underway to participate in a
Wolfberry (Wolfcamp & Sprayberry) test on the lease.
Keystone South, Martin and Flying W Fields. We own a 100% working interest and operate these
three fields located on the Western edge of the Midland Basin. Production comes from the Clearfork
Formation, with additional production from the Wichita, Wolfcamp, Devonian, Silurian, McKee and
Ellenburger Formations. During 2006 we drilled a total of seven wells in these fields. Based on
the 2006 success, we are planning additional wells for 2007.
Rocky Mountain Region
Our Rocky Mountain operations include assets in the states of North Dakota, Montana, Colorado,
Utah, Wyoming and California. As of December 31, 2006, our estimated proved reserves in the Rocky
Mountain region were 53.2 MMBOE (70% oil), which represented 21% of our total estimated proved
reserves. Approximately 51% and 31% of the proved reserves of our Rocky Mountain operations are
related to assets in North Dakota and Wyoming, respectively.
Robinson Lake Bakken Play. The Bakken Formation is a low permeability, unconventional
reservoir consisting of highly oil saturated shale, dolomite and fine grained sand. Horizontal
drilling and advanced stimulation techniques have been successfully employed in the drilling of
hundreds of wells in the Elm Coulee field in Montana and more recently in the North Dakota portion
of the Williston Basin. In early 2005, we embarked on an aggressive leasing program and have since
acquired approximately 116,000 gross (81,000 net) acres primarily in Mountrail County, North Dakota
for the purpose of developing a Bakken resource drilling program. To date, we have drilled and
completed two exploratory wells. We are encouraged by our Bartleson State #44-1H well, which is
currently flowing oil and appears to be an economic well. We are currently drilling our third well
and conducting a 98 square mile 3-D seismic survey in order to assist in our selection of future
drilling locations.
Red River Gas Drilling Program. In 2004 we began acquiring 3-D seismic data over several Red
River Formation prospects in the deeper, gas bearing part of the Williston Basin for the purpose of
defining structure and reservoir distribution. To date we have acquired seven 3-D surveys in
Billings, McKenzie and Williams Counties
26
totaling 165 square miles which we have used to target eight new wells. Eight of these wells
have resulted in successful completions with average initial rates of 3,100 Mcf/d. We currently
plan to drill four to eight wells during 2007.
Billings Nose Drilling Program. We have established a high concentration of producing wells in
the Billings Nose area of Billings County, North Dakota. These assets include the Big Stick Madison
Unit and North Elkhorn Ranch Unit along with much of the acreage located between these two fields.
We have acquired 99 square miles of 3-D seismic data in this area and have since identified
multiple opportunities in a variety of reservoirs including the Red River, Duperow, Bakken and
Mission Canyon Formations. In 2006, we drilled one Mission Canyon well in the Big Stick Unit and
three horizontal Mission Canyon wells in North Elkhorn Ranch. Additional drilling is planned in
both of these units in 2007.
Nisku A Drilling Program. We made a significant exploration discovery in 2004 in western
Billings County, North Dakota in the Nisku A zone and drilled ten wells in 2004. In 2005 we drilled
eight casing-exit wells and drilled or participated in 13 grass-roots horizontal wells. During 2006
we participated in 20 grass-roots horizontal wells. We plan additional development drilling in the
area and are studying the potential for additional recovery through the implementation of a
waterflood.
Green River BasinSiberia Ridge. Siberia Ridge is within the greater Wamsutter Arch area of
Sweetwater County, Wyoming and produces from a continuous-phase gas accumulation in the Cretaceous
Almond Formation at 10,500 feet. In 2004, the spacing rules governing the well density in the
Siberia Ridge field were adjusted to allow for up to two wells per 160 acres. This new
configuration resulted in a total of 44 additional potential locations on our acreage. Because of
lease stipulations on this Federal acreage, drilling operations can be initiated August 1st and
must end by February 1st of the following year. We have been able to maintain a single well
drilling program by moving the rig between Anderson Canyon (described below) and Siberia Ridge.
Our development program commenced in mid-2005 and continued in 2006 with the drilling of ten
new wells. We have implemented a focused effort on the identification, selective perforation and
stimulation of the various natural gas productive zones within the Almond Formation in order to
optimize production. Completion operations are currently underway with encouraging initial rates.
Green River Basin Anderson Canyon. Anderson Canyon, North Anderson Canyon, Bird Canyon, and
McDonald Draw fields are all located on the LaBarge Platform in Southwest Wyoming. We drilled six
wells in 2006 and plan to drill ten wells in 2007. Initial results are positive with initial
production rates ranging from 500 Mcf/d to over 1,000 Mcf/d. We believe the remaining potential is
primarily in the Frontier formation at 8,800 feet.
Sulphur Creek-Boies Ranch Area, Rio Blanco County, Colorado. The Sulphur Creek Area in the
North Central Piceance Basin has the potential to be a focal point of our activity through 2009. We
acquired the majority of 16,813 gross (3,638 net) acres in the 2004 Equity Oil Company acquisition.
We are currently supplementing our leasehold in the area. Drilling by third parties near our
leasehold has demonstrated the presence of a continuous-phase gas resource in the Williams Fork
Formation with up-hole potential in the Wasatch Formation. We finished the drilling of the first
well on the Boies Ranch acreage in early 2007, and we have planned three additional wells for the
remainder of the year. An additional 73 Williams Fork locations are planned assuming typical 20
acre spacing. On the Boies Ranch acreage we own the acreage in fee, meaning we own the surface and
minerals and there are minimal landowner burdens. As a result, we have a 50% average working
interest with a 49% average net revenue interest in the Boies Ranch acreage.
Utah Hingeline. We own a 15%, non-operated, working interest in approximately 170,000 acres
of leasehold in the central Utah Hingeline play. This acreage covers several prospect leads which
have been identified along trend with the recent Covenant Field discovery in Sevier County, Utah.
As part of our acquisition of this property, the operator will pay 100% our drilling and completion
costs for the first three wells in the project. The first of these three
27
has been drilled but did not find commercial quantities of hydrocarbons. The remaining two
wells will likely be drilled during 2007.
Mid-Continent Region
Our Mid-Continent operations include assets in Oklahoma, Arkansas and Kansas. As of December
31, 2006, the Mid-Continent region contributed 53.5 MMBOE (88% oil) of proved reserves to our
portfolio of operations, which represented 22% of our total estimated proved reserves. The
majority of the proved value within our Mid-Continent operations is related to properties in the
Postle field.
Postle Field. The Postle field, located in Texas County, Oklahoma, includes five producing
units and one producing lease covering a total of approximately 25,600 gross acres (24,225 net)
with working interests of 94% to 100%. Three of the units are currently active CO2
enhanced recovery projects. As of December 31, 2006, there were 127 producing wells and 107
injection wells completed in the Morrow zone at 6,100 feet. The Postle field is the largest Morrow
oil field in the U.S. The Postle properties produced at an estimated average net daily rate of
4,112 Bopd (including NGLs) and 930 Mcf/d of gas during the month of December 2006. In the Postle
field, the estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2006 were 40% PDP, 26% PDNP and 34% PUD.
The Postle field was initially developed in the early 1960s and unitized for waterflood in
1967. Enhanced recovery projects using CO2 were initiated in 1995 and continue in three
of the five units. Operations are underway to expand CO2 injection into the rest of the
units, with four drilling rigs and three workover rigs in the field. These expansion projects
include the restoration of shut-in wells and the drilling of new producing and injection wells.
We are the sole owner of the Dry Trails Gas Plant located in the Postle field. This gas
processing plant separates CO2 gas from the produced wellhead mixture of hydrocarbon and
CO2 gas, so that the CO2 gas can be reinjected into the producing formation.
Construction began in mid-2006 to increase the plant capacity from its current capacity of 40,000
Mcf/d to 80,000 Mcf/d by the fourth quarter of 2007 to support the expanded CO2
injection projects.
In addition to the producing assets and processing plant, we have a 60% interest in the 120
mile TransPetco operated CO2 transportation pipeline, thereby assuring the delivery of
CO2 to the Postle field at a fair tariff. A long-term CO2 purchase agreement
was executed in 2005 to provide the necessary CO2 for the expansion planned in the
field.
Gulf Coast Region
Our Gulf Coast operations include assets located in Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi. As of
December 31, 2006, the Gulf Coast region contributed 12.6 MMBOE (18% oil) of proved reserves to our
portfolio of operations, which represented 5% of our total estimated proved reserves. Approximately
80% of the proved reserves of our Gulf Coast operations are related to properties in Texas.
Stuart City Reef Trend. We have an average 65% working interest in five fields in the Stuart
City Reef Trend: Word North, Yoakum, Kawitt, Sweet Home, and Three Rivers. Production in the
Stuart City Reef Trend comes primarily from the Edwards, Wilcox, and Sligo Formations at depths
between 7,000 and 16,000 feet.
In late 2003, we began a combination development and exploration program targeting multiple
sandstone gas reservoirs within the Wilcox Formation. We have been active in this area, drilling
nine wells in 2005 and three wells in 2006. In addition, we are currently planning to conduct a 40
square mile 3-D seismic program designed to expand this play into new areas. Recent success with
vertical Edwards completions has improved the economics of this gas play. For 2007, we are
planning to participate in the drilling of up to five vertical Edwards wells with the potential for
Wilcox pay to be encountered in each wellbore.
28
Vicksburg Trend. Our non-operated holdings in the Vicksburg and Frio Trends are concentrated
primarily in the South Midway field in San Patricio County, Texas and the Agua Dulce field. During
2005, we drilled or participated in eleven new wells targeting multiple gas productive sands in the
Vicksburg and Frio Formations at depths between 10,000 and 14,500 feet. Results from this program
encouraged us to drill seven additional wells in South Midway and one additional well in Agua Dulce
during 2006.
Michigan Region
Production in Michigan can be divided into two groups. The majority of the reserves are in
non-operated Antrim Shale wells located in the northern part of the state. The remainder of the
Michigan reserves are typified by more conventional oil and gas production located in the central
and southern parts of the state. We also operate the West Branch and the recently acquired Reno
gas processing plants. These plants are in good mechanical condition and capable of handling
additional production. The West Branch Plant gathers production from the Clayton, West Branch and
other smaller fields.
Antrim Production. In northern Michigan, we own an interest in over 50 multi-well Antrim Shale
gas projects with proved producing reserves and ongoing development drilling. During 2006, we
participated in the drilling and completion of 20 Antrim Shale wells. In 2007, we plan to continue
to pursue similar development drilling opportunities.
Conventional Production. Our conventional production is primarily from the Prairie du Chien,
Glenwood and Trenton Black River Formations, located in central and southern Michigan. We own
interests in 49 fields in this area, of which we operate 24.
In August 2006, we closed on an acquisition of 65 wells producing a total of 638 net Bopd.
The acquisition was 99% proved producing reserves, of which 55% was oil. Based on our evaluation of
the properties and our experience in Clayton Unit, we are optimistic about the potential upside
that may exist in these mature fields.
During late 2005, we drilled two Glenwood/Prarie du Chien (PdC) wells in the Clayton Unit.
The target reservoir was the upper PdC, which historically had been the pay interval in the field.
Both of these wells encountered hydrocarbons in the Middle interval of the PdC, which had not
previously produced. The initial completion in both of these wells was in the middle PdC and both
wells still have the original target reservoir behind pipe. We have been encouraged by the
results. We assisted a local drilling contractor with the financing necessary to assemble another
drilling rig capable of drilling to the PdC. This rig is now drilling the first well in a
multi-year drilling program.
Acreage
The following table summarizes gross and net developed and undeveloped acreage at December 31,
2006 by state. Net acreage is our percentage ownership of gross acreage. Acreage in which our
interest is limited to royalty and overriding royalty interests is excluded.
29
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Developed Acreage |
|
Undeveloped Acreage |
|
Total Acreage |
|
|
Gross |
|
Net |
|
Gross |
|
Net |
|
Gross |
|
Net |
California |
|
|
35,956 |
|
|
|
10,909 |
|
|
|
3,273 |
|
|
|
277 |
|
|
|
39,229 |
|
|
|
11,185 |
|
Colorado |
|
|
34,390 |
|
|
|
18,091 |
|
|
|
33,984 |
|
|
|
8,273 |
|
|
|
68,374 |
|
|
|
26,364 |
|
Kansas |
|
|
850 |
|
|
|
561 |
|
|
|
75,849 |
|
|
|
74,506 |
|
|
|
76,699 |
|
|
|
75,066 |
|
Louisiana |
|
|
41,804 |
|
|
|
10,700 |
|
|
|
5,294 |
|
|
|
2,447 |
|
|
|
47,098 |
|
|
|
13,147 |
|
Michigan |
|
|
150,079 |
|
|
|
71,645 |
|
|
|
21,601 |
|
|
|
17,936 |
|
|
|
171,680 |
|
|
|
89,580 |
|
Montana |
|
|
38,400 |
|
|
|
12,448 |
|
|
|
73,939 |
|
|
|
32,363 |
|
|
|
112,339 |
|
|
|
42,533 |
|
North Dakota |
|
|
152,595 |
|
|
|
80,939 |
|
|
|
314,874 |
|
|
|
199,823 |
|
|
|
467,469 |
|
|
|
280,762 |
|
Oklahoma |
|
|
63,249 |
|
|
|
39,460 |
|
|
|
171 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
63,420 |
|
|
|
39,492 |
|
Texas |
|
|
316,527 |
|
|
|
151,325 |
|
|
|
93,658 |
|
|
|
70,031 |
|
|
|
410,185 |
|
|
|
223,296 |
|
Utah |
|
|
20,677 |
|
|
|
11,343 |
|
|
|
213,254 |
|
|
|
48,568 |
|
|
|
233,931 |
|
|
|
59,911 |
|
Wyoming |
|
|
106,928 |
|
|
|
56,580 |
|
|
|
60,039 |
|
|
|
29,453 |
|
|
|
166,967 |
|
|
|
86,299 |
|
Other* |
|
|
14,924 |
|
|
|
8,143 |
|
|
|
1,197 |
|
|
|
786 |
|
|
|
16,121 |
|
|
|
8,929 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
976,379 |
|
|
|
472,144 |
|
|
|
897,133 |
|
|
|
484,495 |
|
|
|
1,873,512 |
|
|
|
956,564 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Other includes Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, New Mexico and South Dakota. |
Production History
The following table presents historical information about our produced oil and gas volumes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Oil production (MMbbls) |
|
|
9.8 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
Natural gas production (Bcf) |
|
|
32.1 |
|
|
|
30.3 |
|
|
|
25.1 |
|
Total production (MMBOE) |
|
|
15.2 |
|
|
|
12.1 |
|
|
|
7.9 |
|
Daily production (MBOE/d) |
|
|
41.5 |
|
|
|
33.1 |
|
|
|
21.6 |
|
Average sales prices: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (per Bbl) |
|
$ |
57.27 |
|
|
$ |
51.26 |
|
|
$ |
38.72 |
|
Effect of oil hedges on average price (per Bbl) |
|
$ |
(0.95 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.72 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.33 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil net of hedging (per Bbl) |
|
$ |
56.32 |
|
|
$ |
48.54 |
|
|
$ |
37.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas (per Mcf) |
|
$ |
6.59 |
|
|
$ |
7.03 |
|
|
$ |
5.56 |
|
Effect of natural gas hedges on average price (per Mcf) |
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
(0.47 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas net of hedging (per Mcf) |
|
$ |
6.65 |
|
|
$ |
6.56 |
|
|
$ |
5.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per BOE data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales price (net of hedging) |
|
$ |
50.52 |
|
|
$ |
44.70 |
|
|
$ |
35.23 |
|
Lease operating expenses |
|
$ |
12.12 |
|
|
$ |
9.24 |
|
|
$ |
6.91 |
|
Production taxes |
|
$ |
3.11 |
|
|
$ |
2.99 |
|
|
$ |
2.14 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expenses |
|
$ |
10.74 |
|
|
$ |
8.08 |
|
|
$ |
6.89 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
$ |
2.49 |
|
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
|
$ |
2.45 |
|
30
Productive Wells
The following table presents our ownership at December 31, 2006 in productive oil and gas
wells by region (a net well is our percentage ownership of a gross well).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil Wells |
|
Natural Gas Wells |
|
Total Wells(1) |
|
|
Gross |
|
Net |
|
Gross |
|
Net |
|
Gross |
|
Net |
Permian Basin |
|
|
3,375 |
|
|
|
1,753 |
|
|
|
363 |
|
|
|
139 |
|
|
|
3,738 |
|
|
|
1,892 |
|
Rocky Mountains |
|
|
1,684 |
|
|
|
407 |
|
|
|
410 |
|
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
2,094 |
|
|
|
592 |
|
Mid-Continent |
|
|
449 |
|
|
|
286 |
|
|
|
218 |
|
|
|
98 |
|
|
|
667 |
|
|
|
384 |
|
Gulf Coast |
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
715 |
|
|
|
259 |
|
|
|
815 |
|
|
|
319 |
|
Michigan |
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
1,034 |
|
|
|
405 |
|
|
|
1,123 |
|
|
|
472 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
5,697 |
|
|
|
2,573 |
|
|
|
2,740 |
|
|
|
1,086 |
|
|
|
8,437 |
|
|
|
3,659 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
103 wells are multiple completions. These 103 wells contain a total of 224
completions. One or more completions in the same bore hole are counted as one well. |
Drilling Activity
We are engaged in numerous drilling activities on properties presently owned and intend to
drill or develop other properties acquired in the future. The following table sets forth the
results of our drilling activity for the last three years. The information should not be considered
indicative of future performance, nor should it be assumed that there is necessarily any
correlation between the number of productive wells drilled and quantities of reserves found or
economic value. Productive wells are those that produce commercial quantities of hydrocarbons,
whether or not they produce a reasonable rate of return.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Wells |
|
Net Wells |
|
|
Productive |
|
Dry |
|
Total |
|
Productive |
|
Dry |
|
Total |
2006: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Development |
|
|
401 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
415 |
|
|
|
300.6 |
|
|
|
9.0 |
|
|
|
309.6 |
|
Exploratory |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
10.2 |
|
|
|
2.3 |
|
|
|
12.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
418 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
437 |
|
|
|
310.8 |
|
|
|
11.3 |
|
|
|
322.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Development |
|
|
276 |
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
294 |
|
|
|
164.7 |
|
|
|
10.6 |
|
|
|
175.3 |
|
Exploratory |
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
3.9 |
|
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
283 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
308 |
|
|
|
166.0 |
|
|
|
14.5 |
|
|
|
180.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2004: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Development |
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
164 |
|
|
|
73.4 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
77.1 |
|
Exploratory |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
169 |
|
|
|
74.9 |
|
|
|
3.9 |
|
|
|
78.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, we are a claimant or a defendant in various legal
proceedings. In the opinion of our management, we do not have any litigation pending or threatened
that is material.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2006.
31
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following table sets forth certain information, as of February 15, 2007, regarding the
executive officers of Whiting Petroleum Corporation:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Age |
|
Position |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James J. Volker
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
James T. Brown
|
|
|
54 |
|
|
Vice President, Operations |
Bruce R. DeBoer
|
|
|
54 |
|
|
Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary |
J. Douglas Lang
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
Vice President, Reservoir Engineering/Acquisitions |
Patricia J. Miller
|
|
|
69 |
|
|
Vice President, Human Resources |
David M. Seery
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
Vice President, Land |
Michael J. Stevens
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Mark R. Williams
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
Vice President, Exploration and Development |
Brent P. Jensen
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
Controller and Treasurer |
The following biographies describe the business experience of our executive officers:
James J. Volker joined us in August 1983 as Vice President of Corporate Development and served
in that position through April 1993. In March 1993, he became a contract consultant to us and
served in that capacity until August 2000, at which time he became Executive Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Volker was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer and a
director in January 2002 and Chairman of the Board in January 2004. Mr. Volker was co-founder, Vice
President and later President of Energy Management Corporation from 1971 through 1982. He has over
thirty years of experience in the oil and gas industry. Mr. Volker has a degree in finance from the
University of Denver, a MBA from the University of Colorado and has completed H. K. VanPoolen and
Associates course of study in reservoir engineering.
James T. Brown joined us in May 1993 as a consulting engineer. In March 1999, he became
Operations Manager and, in January 2000, he became Vice President of Operations. Mr. Brown has over
thirty years of oil and gas experience in the Rocky Mountains, Gulf Coast, California and Alaska.
Mr. Brown is a graduate of the University of Wyoming, with a Bachelors Degree in civil
engineering, and the University of Denver, with a MBA.
Bruce R. DeBoer joined us as our Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary in
January 2005. From January 1997 to May 2004, Mr. DeBoer served as Vice President, General Counsel
and Corporate Secretary of Tom Brown, Inc., an independent oil and gas exploration and production
company. Mr. DeBoer has over 20 years of experience in managing the legal departments of several
independent oil and gas companies. He holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Political Science from
South Dakota State University and received his J.D. and MBA degrees from the University of South
Dakota.
J. Douglas Lang joined us in December 1999 as Senior Acquisition Engineer and became Manager
of Acquisitions and Reservoir Engineering in January 2004 and Vice PresidentReservoir
Engineering/ Acquisitions in October 2004. His over thirty years of acquisition and
reservoir engineering experience has included staff and managerial positions with Amoco,
Petro-Lewis, General Atlantic Resources, UMC Petroleum and Ocean Energy. Mr. Lang holds a
Bachelors Degree in Petroleum Engineering from the University of Wyoming and a MBA from the
University of Denver. He is a registered Professional Engineer and has served on the national
Board of Directors of the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers.
Patricia J. Miller joined us in April 1980 as Corporate Secretary and as Secretary to our
President, becoming Director of Human Resources in May 1994. In November 2001, she was appointed
Vice President of Human
32
Resources. She served as Corporate Secretary until January 2005. Mrs. Miller attended
business school at Otero Junior College in LaJunta, Colorado and at Texas A & I in Kingsville,
Texas.
David M. Seery joined us as our Manager of Land in July 2004 as a result of our acquisition of
Equity Oil Company, where he was Manager of Land and Manager of Equitys Exploration Department,
positions he had held for more than five years. He became our Vice President of Land in January
2005. Mr. Seery has twenty-five years of land experience including staff and managerial positions
with Marathon Oil Company. Mr. Seery holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Management
from the University of Montana. He is a Registered Land Professional and held various duties with
the Denver Association of Petroleum Landmen.
Michael J. Stevens joined us in May 2001 as Controller, and became Treasurer in January 2002
and became Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in March 2005. From 1993 until May 2001, he
served as Chief Financial Officer, Controller, Secretary and Treasurer at Inland Resources Inc., a
company engaged in oil and gas exploration and development. He spent seven years in public
accounting with Coopers & Lybrand in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He is a graduate of Mankato State
University of Minnesota and is a Certified Public Accountant.
Mark R. Williams joined us in December 1983 as Exploration Geologist, becoming Vice President
of Exploration and Development in December 1999. He has twenty-four years of experience in the oil
and gas industry and his areas of primary technical expertise are in sequence stratigraphy, seismic
interpretation and petroleum economics. Mr. Williams is a graduate of the Colorado School of Mines
with a Masters Degree in geology and holds a Bachelors Degree in geology from the University of
Utah.
Brent P. Jensen joined us in August 2005 as Controller, and he became Controller and Treasurer
in January 2006. He was previously with PricewaterhouseCoopers L.L.P. in Houston, Texas, where he
held various positions in their oil and gas audit practice since 1994, which included assignments
of four years in Moscow, Russia and three years in Milan, Italy. He has thirteen years of oil and
gas accounting experience and is a Certified Public Accountant. Mr. Jensen holds a Bachelor of Arts
degree with an emphasis in accounting and business from the University of California, Los Angeles.
Executive officers are elected by, and serve at the discretion of, the Board of Directors.
There are no family relationships between any of our directors or executive officers.
33
PART II
|
|
|
Item 5. |
|
Market for the Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters
and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
Whiting Petroleum Corporations common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under
the symbol WLL. The following table shows the high and low sale prices for our common stock for
the periods presented.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High |
|
Low |
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter (Ended December 31, 2006) |
|
$ |
50.30 |
|
|
$ |
35.81 |
|
Third Quarter (Ended September 30, 2006) |
|
$ |
48.10 |
|
|
$ |
37.30 |
|
Second Quarter (Ended June 30, 2006) |
|
$ |
46.95 |
|
|
$ |
33.70 |
|
First Quarter (Ended March 31, 2006) |
|
$ |
47.25 |
|
|
$ |
37.41 |
|
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter (Ended December 31, 2005) |
|
$ |
44.91 |
|
|
$ |
36.77 |
|
Third Quarter (Ended September 30, 2005) |
|
$ |
46.17 |
|
|
$ |
36.39 |
|
Second Quarter (Ended June 30, 2005) |
|
$ |
43.20 |
|
|
$ |
28.19 |
|
First Quarter (Ended March 31, 2005) |
|
$ |
46.30 |
|
|
$ |
27.76 |
|
On February 15, 2007, there were 919 holders of record of our common stock.
We have not paid any dividends since we were incorporated in July 2003. We do not anticipate
paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to
retain future earnings, if any, to finance the expansion of our business. Our future dividend
policy is within the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon various factors,
including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements and investment
opportunities. In addition, the agreements governing our indebtedness prohibit us from paying
dividends.
Information relating to compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized
for issuance is set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The following information in this Item 5 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is not deemed to
be soliciting material or to be filed with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the
Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except to the extent we specifically
incorporate it by reference into such a filing.
We completed our initial public offering in November 2003. Our common stock began trading on
the New York Stock Exchange on November 20, 2003. The following graph compares on a cumulative
basis changes since November 20, 2003 in (a) the total stockholder return on our common stock with
(b) the total return on the Standard & Poors Composite 500 Index and (c) the total return on the
Dow Jones US Oil Companies, Secondary Index. Such changes have been measured by dividing (a) the
sum of (i) the amount of dividends for the measurement period, assuming dividend reinvestment, and
(ii) the difference between the price per share at the end of and the beginning of the measurement
period, by (b) the price per share at the beginning of the measurement period. The graph assumes
$100 was invested on November 20, 2003 in our common stock, the Standard & Poors Composite 500
Index and the Dow Jones US Oil Companies, Secondary Index.
34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11/20/03 |
|
12/31/03 |
|
12/31/04 |
|
12/31/05 |
|
12/31/06 |
Whiting Petroleum Corporation |
|
$ |
100 |
|
|
$ |
113 |
|
|
$ |
186 |
|
|
$ |
246 |
|
|
$ |
286 |
|
Standard & Poors Composite 500 Index |
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
108 |
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
121 |
|
|
|
137 |
|
Dow Jones US Oil Companies, Secondary Index |
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
263 |
|
|
|
275 |
|
35
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The consolidated income statement information for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and
2004 and the consolidated balance sheet information at December 31, 2006 and 2005 are derived from
our audited financial statements included elsewhere in this report. The consolidated income
statement information for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the consolidated balance
sheet information at December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 are derived from audited financial statements
that are not included in this report. Our historical results include the results from our recent
acquisitions beginning on the following dates: Utah Hingeline, August 29, 2006; Michigan
Properties, August 15, 2006; North Ward Estes and Ancillary Properties, October 4, 2005; Postle
Properties, August 4, 2005; Limited Partnership Interests, June 23, 2005; and Green River Basin,
March 31, 2005.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
(dollars in millions except per share data) |
|
Consolidated Income Statement Information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues and other income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas sales |
|
$ |
773.1 |
|
|
$ |
573.2 |
|
|
$ |
281.1 |
|
|
$ |
175.7 |
|
|
$ |
122.7 |
|
Loss on oil and natural gas hedging activities |
|
|
(7.5 |
) |
|
|
(33.4 |
) |
|
|
(4.9 |
) |
|
|
(8.7 |
) |
|
|
(3.2 |
) |
Gain on sale of oil and gas properties |
|
|
12.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
Gain on sale of marketable securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income and other |
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues and other income |
|
|
778.8 |
|
|
|
540.4 |
|
|
|
282.1 |
|
|
|
167.3 |
|
|
|
120.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating |
|
|
183.6 |
|
|
|
111.6 |
|
|
|
54.2 |
|
|
|
43.2 |
|
|
|
32.9 |
|
Production taxes |
|
|
47.1 |
|
|
|
36.1 |
|
|
|
16.8 |
|
|
|
10.7 |
|
|
|
7.4 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
|
162.8 |
|
|
|
97.6 |
|
|
|
54.0 |
|
|
|
41.2 |
|
|
|
43.6 |
|
Exploration and impairment |
|
|
34.5 |
|
|
|
16.7 |
|
|
|
6.3 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
37.8 |
|
|
|
30.6 |
|
|
|
19.2 |
|
|
|
13.0 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
Change in Production Participation Plan liability |
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
|
9.7 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
1.7 |
|
Phantom equity plan (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense |
|
|
73.5 |
|
|
|
42.0 |
|
|
|
15.9 |
|
|
|
9.2 |
|
|
|
10.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total costs and expenses |
|
|
545.5 |
|
|
|
344.3 |
|
|
|
168.1 |
|
|
|
131.2 |
|
|
|
108.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes and cumulative change in
accounting principle |
|
|
233.3 |
|
|
|
196.1 |
|
|
|
114.0 |
|
|
|
36.1 |
|
|
|
11.9 |
|
Income tax expense (2) |
|
|
76.9 |
|
|
|
74.2 |
|
|
|
44.0 |
|
|
|
13.9 |
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative change in accounting principle |
|
|
156.4 |
|
|
|
121.9 |
|
|
|
70.0 |
|
|
|
22.2 |
|
|
|
7.7 |
|
Cumulative change in accounting principle (3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3.9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
156.4 |
|
|
$ |
121.9 |
|
|
$ |
70.0 |
|
|
$ |
18.3 |
|
|
$ |
7.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income per common share before cumulative change in
accounting principle, basic |
|
$ |
4.26 |
|
|
$ |
3.89 |
|
|
$ |
3.38 |
|
|
$ |
1.18 |
|
|
$ |
0.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income per common share before cumulative change in
accounting principle, diluted |
|
$ |
4.25 |
|
|
$ |
3.88 |
|
|
$ |
3.38 |
|
|
$ |
1.18 |
|
|
$ |
0.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per common share, basic |
|
$ |
4.26 |
|
|
$ |
3.89 |
|
|
$ |
3.38 |
|
|
$ |
0.98 |
|
|
$ |
0.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per common share, diluted |
|
$ |
4.25 |
|
|
$ |
3.88 |
|
|
$ |
3.38 |
|
|
$ |
0.98 |
|
|
$ |
0.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Financial Information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
$ |
411.2 |
|
|
$ |
330.2 |
|
|
$ |
134.1 |
|
|
$ |
91.9 |
|
|
$ |
62.6 |
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
$ |
527.6 |
|
|
$ |
1,126.9 |
|
|
$ |
524.4 |
|
|
$ |
47.6 |
|
|
$ |
157.5 |
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
$ |
116.4 |
|
|
$ |
805.5 |
|
|
$ |
338.4 |
|
|
$ |
4.4 |
|
|
$ |
98.7 |
|
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (4) |
|
|
4.14x |
|
|
|
5.64x |
|
|
|
8.01x |
|
|
|
4.85x |
|
|
|
2.08x |
|
Capital expenditures |
|
$ |
552.0 |
|
|
$ |
1,126.9 |
|
|
$ |
530.6 |
|
|
$ |
47.6 |
|
|
$ |
165.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
(dollars in millions) |
Consolidated Balance Sheet Information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
2,585.4 |
|
|
$ |
2,235.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,092.2 |
|
|
$ |
536.3 |
|
|
$ |
448.5 |
|
Total debt |
|
$ |
995.4 |
|
|
$ |
875.1 |
|
|
$ |
328.4 |
|
|
$ |
188.0 |
|
|
$ |
265.5 |
|
Stockholders equity |
|
$ |
1,186.7 |
|
|
$ |
997.9 |
|
|
$ |
612.4 |
|
|
$ |
259.6 |
|
|
$ |
122.8 |
|
36
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The completion of our initial public offering in November 2003 constituted a triggering
event under our phantom equity plan, pursuant to which our employees received payments valued
at $10.9 million in the form of shares of our common stock. The phantom equity plan is now
terminated. |
|
(2) |
|
We generated Section 29 tax credits of $5.4 million in 2002. Section 29 tax credit provisions
of the Internal Revenue Code expired as of December 31, 2002. In 2002, we were able to use our
$5.4 million of Section 29 tax credits in the consolidated federal income tax return filed by
our former parent, Alliant Energy Corporation, but since these credits would not have been
used in a stand-alone filing, they were recorded as additional paid-in capital as opposed to a
reduction in income tax expense. |
|
(3) |
|
In 2003, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, Accounting for Asset
Retirement Obligations. This was a one-time charge to net income. |
|
(4) |
|
For the purpose of calculating the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, earnings consist of
income before income taxes and income from equity investees, plus fixed charges, distributed
income from equity investees, and amortization of capitalized interest, less capitalized
interest. Fixed charges consist of interest expensed, interest capitalized, amortized
premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness, and an estimate of
interest within rental expense. |
37
|
|
|
Item 7. |
|
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
Forward Looking Statements
This report contains statements that we believe to be forward-looking statements within the
meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than
historical facts, including, without limitation, statements regarding our future financial
position, business strategy, projected revenues, earnings, costs, capital expenditures and debt
levels, and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking
statements. When used in this report, words such as we expect, intend, plan, estimate,
anticipate, believe or should or the negative thereof or variations thereon or similar
terminology are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking
statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those expressed in, or implied by, such statements. Some, but not all, of the
risks and uncertainties include: declines in oil or gas prices; our level of success in
exploitation, exploration, development and production activities; the timing of our exploration and
development expenditures, including our ability to obtain drilling rigs; our ability to obtain
external capital to finance acquisitions; our ability to identify and complete acquisitions and to
successfully integrate acquired businesses, including our ability to realize cost savings from
completed acquisitions; unforeseen underperformance of or liabilities associated with acquired
properties; inaccuracies of our reserve estimates or our assumptions underlying them; failure of
our properties to yield oil or gas in commercially viable quantities; uninsured or underinsured
losses resulting from our oil and gas operations; our inability to access oil and gas markets due
to market conditions or operational impediments; the impact and costs of compliance with laws and
regulations governing our oil and gas operations; risks related to our level of indebtedness and
periodic redeterminations of our borrowing base under our credit agreement; our ability to replace
our oil and gas reserves; any loss of our senior management or technical personnel; competition in
the oil and gas industry; risks arising out of our hedging transactions and other risks described
under the caption Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We assume no obligation, and
disclaim any duty, to update the forward-looking statements in this report.
Overview
We are engaged in oil and gas acquisition, development, exploitation, production and
exploration activities primarily in the Permian Basin, Rocky Mountains, Mid-Continent, Gulf Coast
and Michigan regions of the United States. Over the last six years, we have emphasized the
acquisition of properties that provided current production and upside potential through further
development. Our drilling activity is directed at this development, specifically on projects that
we believe provide repeatable successes in particular fields. Our combination of acquisitions and
development allows us to direct our capital resources to what we believe to be the most
advantageous investments.
We have historically acquired operated and non-operated properties that meet or exceed our
rate of return criteria. For acquisitions of properties with additional development, exploitation
and exploration potential, our focus has been on acquiring operated properties so that we can
better control the timing and implementation of capital spending. In some instances, we have been
able to acquire non-operated property interests at attractive rates of return that provided a
foothold in a new area of interest or that have complemented our existing operations. We intend to
continue to acquire both operated and non-operated interests to the extent we believe they meet our
return criteria. In addition, our willingness to acquire non-operated properties in new geographic
regions provides us with geophysical and geologic data in some cases that leads to further
acquisitions in the same region, whether on an operated or non-operated basis. We sell properties
when we believe that the sale price realized will provide an above average rate of return for the
property or when the property no longer matches the profile of properties we desire to own.
Our revenue, profitability and future growth rate depend on factors beyond our control, such
as economic, political and regulatory developments and competition from other sources of energy.
Oil and gas prices historically have been volatile and may fluctuate widely in the future.
Sustained periods of low prices for oil or gas could materially and adversely affect our financial
position, our results of operations, the quantities of oil and gas reserves that we can
economically produce and our access to capital.
38
Although independent engineers estimated probable and possible reserves relating to certain
2006, 2005 and prior year producing property acquisitions, we, consistent with our present
acquisition practices, have associated all acquisition costs with proved reserves. Because of our
substantial recent acquisition activity, our discussion and analysis of our historical financial
condition and results of operations for the periods discussed below may not necessarily be
comparable with or applicable to our future results of operations. Our historical results include
the results from our recent acquisitions beginning on the following dates: Utah Hingeline, August
29, 2006; Michigan Properties, August 15, 2006; North Ward Estes and Ancillary Properties, October
4, 2005; Postle Properties, August 4, 2005; Limited Partnership Interests, June 23, 2005; and Green
River Basin, March 31, 2005.
2006 Acquisitions
Utah Hingeline. On August 29, 2006, we acquired a 15% working interest in approximately
170,000 acres of unproved properties in the central Utah Hingeline play for $25.0 million. No
producing properties or proved reserves were associated with this acquisition. As part of this
transaction, the operator will pay 100% of our drilling and completion costs for the first three
wells in the project.
Michigan Properties. On August 15, 2006, we acquired 65 producing properties, a gathering
line, gas processing plant and 30,437 net acres of leasehold held by production in Michigan. The
purchase price was $26.0 million for estimated proved reserves of 1.4 MMBOE as of the acquisition
effective date of May 1, 2006, resulting in a cost of $18.55 per BOE of estimated proved reserves.
Proved developed reserve quantities represented 99% of the total proved reserves acquired. The
average daily production from the properties was 0.6 MBOE/d as of the acquisition effective date.
We operate 85% of the acquired properties.
Oil Pipeline and Gathering System. On June 1, 2006, we acquired the Postle field oil gathering
system and oil transportation line extending 13 miles from the eastern side of the Postle field to
a connection point with an interstate oil pipeline in Hooker, Oklahoma. We purchased the oil
gathering system and pipeline for $5.3 million.
We funded our 2006 acquisitions with cash on hand and borrowings under Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporations credit agreement.
2006 Divestitures
During 2006, we sold our interests in several non-core properties for an aggregate amount of
$24.4 million in cash for total estimated proved reserves of 1.4 MMBOE as of the divestitures
effective dates. The divested properties included interests in the Cessford field in Alberta,
Canada; Permian Basin of West Texas and New Mexico; and the Ashley Valley field in Uintah County,
Utah. The average net production from the divested property interests was 0.4 MBOE/d as of the
dates of disposition, and we recognized a pre-tax gain on sale of $12.1 million related to these
divestitures.
2005 Acquisitions
North Ward Estes and Ancillary Properties. On October 4, 2005, we acquired the operated
interest in the North Ward Estes field in Ward and Winkler counties, Texas, and certain smaller
fields located in the Permian Basin. The purchase price was $459.2 million, consisting of $442.0
million in cash and 441,500 shares of our common stock, for estimated proved reserves of 82.1 MMBOE
as of the acquisition effective date of July 1, 2005, resulting in a cost of $5.58 per BOE of
estimated proved reserves. Proved developed reserve quantities represented 36% of the total proved
reserves acquired. The average daily production from the properties was 4.6 MBOE/d as of the
acquisition effective date. We funded the cash portion of the purchase price with the net proceeds
from a public offering of common stock and a private placement of 7% Senior Subordinated Notes due
2014. We expect to incur $656.0 million in future development costs related to these properties.
39
Postle Properties. On August 4, 2005, we acquired the operated interest in producing oil and
gas fields located in the Oklahoma Panhandle. The purchase price was $343.0 million for estimated
proved reserves of 40.3 MMBOE as of the acquisition effective date of July 1, 2005, resulting in a
cost of $8.52 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. The average daily production from the
properties was 4.2 MBOE/d as of the acquisition effective date. Proved developed reserve
quantities represented 57% of the total proved reserves acquired. We funded the acquisition
through borrowings under Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement. We expect to incur
$302.6 million in future development costs related to these properties.
Limited Partnership Interests. On June 23, 2005, we acquired all of the limited partnership
interests in three institutional partnerships managed by our wholly-owned subsidiary Whiting
Programs, Inc. The partnership properties were located in Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma and
Wyoming. The purchase price was $30.5 million for estimated proved reserves of 2.9 MMBOE as of the
acquisition effective date of January 1, 2005, resulting in a cost of $10.52 per BOE of estimated
proved reserves. Proved developed reserve quantities represented 99% of the total proved reserves
acquired. The average daily production from the properties was 0.7 MBOE/d as of the acquisition
effective date. We funded the acquisition with cash on hand.
Green River Basin. On March 31, 2005, we acquired operated interests in five producing gas
fields in the Green River Basin of Wyoming. The purchase price was $65.0 million for estimated
proved reserves of 8.4 MMBOE as of the acquisition effective date of March 1, 2005, resulting in a
cost of $7.74 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved developed reserve quantities represented
68% of the total proved reserves acquired. The average daily production from the properties was 1.1
MBOE/d as of the acquisition effective date. We funded the acquisition though borrowings under
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement and with cash on hand.
40
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth selected operating data for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Net production: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (MMbbls) |
|
|
9.8 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
Natural gas (Bcf) |
|
|
32.1 |
|
|
|
30.3 |
|
|
|
25.1 |
|
Total production (MMBOE) |
|
|
15.2 |
|
|
|
12.1 |
|
|
|
7.9 |
|
Net sales (in millions): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (1) |
|
$ |
561.2 |
|
|
$ |
360.4 |
|
|
$ |
141.7 |
|
Natural gas (1) |
|
$ |
211.9 |
|
|
$ |
212.8 |
|
|
$ |
139.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total oil and natural gas sales |
|
$ |
773.1 |
|
|
$ |
573.2 |
|
|
$ |
281.1 |
|
Average sales prices: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (per Bbl) |
|
$ |
57.27 |
|
|
$ |
51.26 |
|
|
$ |
38.72 |
|
Effect of oil hedges on average price (per Bbl) |
|
$ |
(0.95 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.72 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.33 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil net of hedging (per Bbl) |
|
$ |
56.32 |
|
|
$ |
48.54 |
|
|
$ |
37.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average NYMEX price |
|
$ |
66.25 |
|
|
$ |
56.61 |
|
|
$ |
41.43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas (per Mcf) |
|
$ |
6.59 |
|
|
$ |
7.03 |
|
|
$ |
5.56 |
|
Effect of natural gas hedges on average price (per Mcf) |
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
(0.47 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas net of hedging (per Mcf) |
|
$ |
6.65 |
|
|
$ |
6.56 |
|
|
$ |
5.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average NYMEX price |
|
$ |
7.23 |
|
|
$ |
8.64 |
|
|
$ |
6.14 |
|
Cost and expense (per BOE): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating expenses |
|
$ |
12.12 |
|
|
$ |
9.24 |
|
|
$ |
6.91 |
|
Production taxes |
|
$ |
3.11 |
|
|
$ |
2.99 |
|
|
$ |
2.14 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense |
|
$ |
10.74 |
|
|
$ |
8.08 |
|
|
$ |
6.89 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
$ |
2.49 |
|
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
|
$ |
2.45 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Before consideration of hedging transactions. |
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
Oil and Natural Gas Sales. Our oil and natural gas sales revenue increased $199.9 million to
$773.1 million in 2006 compared to 2005. Sales are a function of sales volumes and average sales
prices. Our oil sales volumes increased 39% and our gas sales volumes increased 6% between
periods. The volume increases resulted from acquisitions completed in 2005 and 2006 and successful
drilling activities over the past year, which produced new sales volumes that more than offset
natural production decline. Our average price for oil increased 12% and our average price for
natural gas decreased 6% between periods.
Loss on Oil and Natural Gas Hedging Activities. We hedged 54% of our oil volumes during 2006,
incurring a hedging loss of $9.4 million, and 58% of our oil volumes during 2005, incurring a
hedging loss of $19.1 million. We hedged 59% of our gas volumes during 2006 incurring a hedging
gain of $1.9 million, and 60% of our gas volumes during 2005, incurring a hedging loss of $14.3
million. See Item 7A, Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk for a list of
our outstanding oil and gas hedges as of January 1, 2007.
Gain on Sale of Oil and Gas Properties. During 2006, we sold our interests in several non-core
properties for an aggregate amount of $24.4 million in cash and
recognized a pre-tax gain on sale of $12.1
million. The divested properties included interests in the Cessford field in Alberta, Canada;
Permian Basin of West Texas and New Mexico; and the Ashley Valley field in Uintah County, Utah.
41
Lease Operating Expenses. Our lease operating expense increased $72.1 million to $183.6
million in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase resulted primarily from costs associated with new
property acquisitions during 2005 and 2006 and successful drilling activities over the past year.
Our lease operating expense as a percentage of oil and gas sales increased from 19% during 2005 to
24% during 2006. Our lease operating expenses per BOE increased from $9.24 during 2005 to $12.12
during 2006. The increase of 31% on a BOE basis was primarily caused by inflation in the cost of
oil field goods and services, a high level of workover activity on recently acquired properties,
increased costs related to tertiary recovery projects, a change in labor billing practices and
higher energy costs. Oil field goods and services increased due to a higher demand in the industry.
Workovers amounted to $8.9 million in 2006, as compared to $3.9 million of workover activity
during 2005. During the fourth quarter of 2006, we revised our labor billing practices to better
conform to COPAS guidelines. The changes resulted in lower general and administrative expense to us
and higher amounts of lease operating expense being charged to us and our joint interest owners on
properties we operate.
Production Taxes. The production taxes we pay are generally calculated as a percentage of oil
and gas sales revenue before the effects of hedging. We take full advantage of all credits and
exemptions allowed in our various taxing jurisdictions. Our production taxes for 2006 and 2005 were
6.1% and 6.3%, respectively, of oil and gas sales. The 2006 rate was lower than the 2005 rate due
to the change in property mix associated with recent acquisitions.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense
(DD&A) increased $65.2 million to $162.8 million during 2006 as compared to $97.6 million for
2005. The increase resulted from higher production volumes in 2006 and an increase in our DD&A
rate. On a BOE basis, our DD&A rate increased from $8.08 during 2005 to $10.74 in 2006. The
primary factors causing this rate increase were higher drilling expenditures, downward oil and gas
reserve revisions, and an increased level of expenditures to develop proved undeveloped reserves,
particularly related to the enhanced oil recovery projects in the Postle and North Ward Estes
fields where the development of undeveloped reserves does not increase existing proved reserves.
Under the successful efforts method of accounting, costs to develop proved undeveloped reserves are
added into the DD&A rate when incurred. Also contributing to our higher DD&A rate was the
association of all 2005 property acquisition costs with proved reserves and none with unproved
reserves, thereby including all such costs in our DD&A rate immediately when incurred. Changes to
the pricing environment can also positively impact our DD&A rate. Price increases allow for longer
economic production lives and corresponding increased reserve volumes and, as a result, lower
depletion rates. Price decreases have the opposite effect. The components of our DD&A expense were
as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Depletion and amortization |
|
$ |
157,868 |
|
|
$ |
93,818 |
|
Depreciation |
|
|
2,675 |
|
|
|
1,457 |
|
Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
|
|
2,288 |
|
|
|
2,364 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
162,831 |
|
|
$ |
97,639 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exploration and Impairment Costs. Our exploration and impairment costs increased $17.8 million
to $34.5 million in 2006 compared to 2005. The components of our exploration and impairment costs
were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Exploration |
|
$ |
30,079 |
|
|
$ |
14,665 |
|
Impairment |
|
|
4,455 |
|
|
|
2,034 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
34,534 |
|
|
$ |
16,699 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42
Higher exploration costs resulted from three exploratory dry holes drilled in the Rocky
Mountains region, one exploratory dry hole drilled in the Gulf Coast region and one exploratory dry
hole drilled in the Mid-Continent region in 2006, totaling $7.2 million. In 2005, we drilled a
total of seven exploratory dry holes, totaling $4.0 million. We incurred $12.2 million in
geological and geophysical expenses during 2006, up $7.4 million from 2005. We also hired
additional exploration personnel to support the increased drilling budget from $223.6 million in
2005 to $455.0 million in 2006 resulting in an additional $4.0 million of exploration expense. The
impairment charge in 2006 related to $3.7 million of amortized leasehold costs associated with
individually insignificant unproved properties and $0.8 million of proved properties. The
impairment charge in 2005 related to unrecoverable costs associated with our investment in the
Cherokee Basin in Kansas.
General and Administrative Expenses. We report general and administrative expenses net of
reimbursements. The components of our general and administrative expenses were as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
$ |
60,972 |
|
|
$ |
42,594 |
|
Reimbursements and allocations |
|
|
(23,164 |
) |
|
|
(11,987 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative expenses, net |
|
$ |
37,808 |
|
|
$ |
30,607 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative expenses before reimbursements and allocations increased $18.4
million to $61.0 million during 2006. The largest components of the increase related to higher
costs for personnel salaries, benefits and related taxes of $13.6 million and an increase in the
current year accrual for cash payments under our Production Participation Plan of $3.6 million.
Personnel salary expenses were higher in 2006 due to an increase in our employee base resulting
from our continued growth. The increased cost of the Production Participation Plan was caused
primarily by higher 2006 production volumes and higher average sales prices on crude oil between
years. The increase in reimbursements and allocations in 2006 was caused by increased salary
expenses and a higher number of field workers and operated properties, due to recent acquisitions
and drilling activities during 2006. In addition, during the fourth quarter of 2006, we revised our
labor billing practices to better conform to COPAS guidelines. The changes resulted in lower
general and administrative expense to us and higher amounts of lease operating expense being
allocated to us and charged to our joint interest owners on properties we operate. As a percentage
of oil and gas sales, our general and administrative expenses remained consistent at 5%.
Change in Production Participation Plan Liability. For the year ended December 31, 2006, this
non-cash expense decreased $3.6 million to $6.2 million. This expense represents the change in the
vested present value of estimated future payments to be made to participants after 2007 under our
Production Participation Plan (Plan). Although payments take place over the life of oil and gas
properties contributed to the Plan, which for some properties is over 20 years, we must expense the
present value of estimated future payments over the Plans five year vesting period. The 2006
expense primarily reflects changes to future cash flow estimates and related Plan liability, due to
the effect of a sustained higher price environment and recent acquisitions, as well as employees
continued vesting in the Plan. Assumptions that are used to calculate this liability are subject
to estimation and will vary from year to year based on the current market for oil and gas, discount
rates and overall market conditions.
43
Interest Expense. The components of our interest expense were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Credit Agreement |
|
$ |
21,478 |
|
|
$ |
9,997 |
|
Senior Subordinated Notes |
|
|
44,530 |
|
|
|
25,109 |
|
Amortization of debt issue costs and debt discount |
|
|
5,208 |
|
|
|
4,076 |
|
Accretion of tax sharing liability |
|
|
2,016 |
|
|
|
2,725 |
|
Other |
|
|
813 |
|
|
|
138 |
|
Capitalized interest |
|
|
(556 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest expense |
|
$ |
73,489 |
|
|
$ |
42,045 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in interest expense and amortization of debt issue costs and debt discount were
mainly due to the April 2005 issuance of $220.0 million 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013,
the October 2005 issuance of $250.0 million 7% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014, and additional
borrowings outstanding in 2006 under our credit agreement. We also experienced higher weighted
average interest rates on our debt during 2007.
Our weighted average debt outstanding during 2006 was $945.3 million versus $553.0 million
during 2005. Our weighted average effective cash interest rate was 7.0% during 2006 versus 6.4%
during 2005. After inclusion of non-cash interest costs related to the amortization of debt issue
costs and debt discounts and the accretion of the tax sharing liability, our weighted average
effective all-in interest rate was 7.5% during 2006 versus 7.2% during 2005.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense totaled $76.9 million for 2006 and $74.2 million for
2005. Our effective income tax rate decreased from 37.8% for 2005 to 33.0% for 2006 primarily due
to the recognition in 2006 of a $4.2 million deferred tax benefit for 2005 enhanced oil recovery
(EOR) tax credits, a $3.3 million benefit relating to an adjustment of our effective rate to our
2005 state returns as filed, and deferred tax benefits of $1.3 million as a result of recently
enacted state tax legislation.
EOR credits are a credit against federal income taxes for certain costs related to extracting
high-cost oil, utilizing certain prescribed enhanced tertiary recovery methods. Federal EOR
credits are subject to phase-out according to the level of average domestic crude prices. Due to
recent high oil prices, the EOR credit was phased-out for 2006.
The current portion of income tax expense was $12.3 million for 2006 compared to $8.5 million
in 2005. In 2006, we reported a tax loss on our 2005 federal return as filed, primarily due to
intangible drilling deductions allowed, which resulted in a federal tax refund of $4.7 million.
Net Income. Net income increased from $121.9 million in 2005 to $156.4 million for 2006. The
primary reasons for this increase included a 26% increase in equivalent volumes sold, a 14%
increase in oil and gas prices net of hedging between periods, certain income tax benefits
recognized during 2006 and a gain on sale of oil and gas properties. These increases were partially
offset by higher lease operating expenses, production taxes, DD&A, exploration and impairment,
general and administrative and interest expenses in 2006 resulting from our continued growth.
Year Ended December 31, 2005 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2004
Oil and Natural Gas Sales. Our oil and natural gas sales revenue increased $292.2 million to
$573.2 million in 2005. Sales are a function of sales volumes and average sales prices. Our sales
volumes increased 54% between periods on a BOE basis. The volume increase resulted primarily from
acquisition activities and successful drilling activities over the past year that produced new
sales volumes that more than offset natural field production decline.
44
Our production volumes for 2005 were slightly less than anticipated due in part to delays in
rig availability that caused delays in our development drilling program and temporary pipeline shut
downs and workover activity in the first quarter of 2005. Hurricanes Katrina and Rita caused only
minor reductions to our 2005 sales volumes, in that only 16,700 BOE of total estimated production
was lost during 2005 due to the hurricanes. Our average price for crude oil increased 32% between
periods and our average price for natural gas sales increased 26%.
Loss on Oil and Natural Gas Hedging Activities. We hedged 58% of our oil volumes during 2005,
incurring a hedging loss of $19.1 million, and 50% of our oil volumes during 2004, incurring a
hedging loss of $4.9 million. We hedged 60% of our gas volumes during 2005, incurring a hedging
loss of $14.3 million, and 32% of our gas volumes during 2004, incurring no hedging gain or loss.
Gain on Sale of Marketable Securities. During 2004, we sold all of our holdings in Delta
Petroleum, Inc., which trades publicly under the symbol DPTR. We realized gross proceeds of $5.4
million and recognized a gain on sale of $4.8 million. During 2005, we had no investments in
marketable securities.
Gain on Sale of Oil and Gas Properties. During 2004, we sold certain undeveloped acreage in
Wyoming. No value had been assigned to the acreage when we acquired it over five years ago. As a
result, the recognized gain on sale was equal to the gross proceeds of $1.0 million.
Lease Operating Expenses. Our lease operating expense increased $57.3 million to $111.6
million in 2005 compared to 2004. The increase resulted primarily from costs associated with new
property acquisitions over the past year. Our lease operating expenses per BOE increased from $6.91
during 2004 to $9.24 during 2005. The increase of 34% was mainly caused by higher costs for
electric power and increases in the cost of oil field goods and services due to higher demand in
the industry. In addition, our lease operating expenses increased on a BOE basis due to the newly
acquired Postle and North Ward Estes properties, which had fourth quarter combined operating costs
of $12.72 per BOE relating to the secondary and tertiary recovery projects underway on those
fields.
Production Taxes. The production taxes we pay are generally calculated as a percentage of oil
and gas sales revenue before the effects of hedging. We take full advantage of all credits and
exemptions allowed by the various taxing jurisdictions. Our production taxes for 2005 and 2004 were
6.3% and 6.0%, respectively, of oil and gas sales. The increase in tax rates between periods was
related to product price increases that eliminate certain exemptions and move us into higher tax
tiers in our various tax jurisdictions, which effect was partially offset by lower production taxes
on our properties newly acquired in 2005.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense
(DD&A) increased $43.6 million to $97.6 million during 2005 as compared to $54.0 million for
2004. The increase resulted from increased production due to our recent acquisitions and an
increase in our DD&A rate. On a BOE basis, our DD&A rate increased from $6.89 during 2004 to $8.08
in 2005. The primary factors causing this rate increase were higher drilling expenditures,
downward oil and gas reserve revisions, and an increased level of expenditures to develop proved
undeveloped reserves, particularly related to the enhanced oil recovery projects in the Postle and
North Ward Estes fields where the development of undeveloped reserves does not increase existing
proved reserves. Under the successful efforts method of accounting, costs to develop proved
undeveloped reserves are added into the DD&A rate when incurred. Changes to the pricing environment
can also positively impact our DD&A rate. Price increases allow for longer economic production
lives and corresponding increased reserve volumes and, as a result, lower depletion rates. Price
decreases have the opposite effect. The components of our DD&A expense were as follows (in
thousands):
45
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Depletion |
|
$ |
93,818 |
|
|
$ |
51,424 |
|
Depreciation |
|
|
1,457 |
|
|
|
832 |
|
Accretion of asset retirement obligations |
|
|
2,364 |
|
|
|
1,754 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
97,639 |
|
|
$ |
54,010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exploration and Impairment Costs. Our exploration and impairment costs increased $10.4 million
to $16.7 million in 2005 compared to 2004. The components of our exploration and impairment costs
were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Exploration |
|
$ |
14,665 |
|
|
$ |
4,177 |
|
Impairment |
|
|
2,034 |
|
|
|
2,152 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
16,699 |
|
|
$ |
6,329 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Higher exploratory costs resulted from seven exploratory dry holes drilled during 2005
totaling $4.0 million, as compared to two exploratory dry holes in 2004 totaling $0.6 million. We
also hired additional geological and geophysical personnel to support the increased drilling budget
from $83.8 million in 2004 to $223.6 million in 2005. The impairment charge in 2005 relates
primarily to unrecoverable costs associated with our investment in the Cherokee Basin in Kansas.
The impairment charge in 2004 was for the write down of cost associated with the High Island field
located off the coast of Texas.
General and Administrative Expenses. We report general and administrative expenses net of
reimbursements. The components of our general and administrative expenses were as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
$ |
42,594 |
|
|
$ |
25,992 |
|
Reimbursements |
|
|
(11,987 |
) |
|
|
(6,768 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative expenses, net |
|
$ |
30,607 |
|
|
$ |
19,224 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative expenses before reimbursements increased $16.6 million to $42.6
million during 2005 compared to $26.0 million during 2004. The largest components of the increase
related to higher costs for personnel salaries, benefits and related taxes of $9.2 million, an
increase in the current year cash payment under our Production Participation Plan of $3.3 million
and the amortization of restricted stock compensation of $2.9 million. Personnel salary expenses
were higher in 2005 due primarily to an increase in our employee base resulting from our continued
growth. The increased cost of the Production Participation Plan was caused primarily by higher
2005 production volumes and higher average sales prices between years. Restricted stock
compensation increased due to the additional issuance of restricted stock in 2005 and due to the
layering impact of a multiple year vesting schedule. The increase in reimbursements in 2005 was
caused by a higher number of operated properties due to acquisitions and drilling activities during
the last half of 2004 and 2005. Our net general and administrative expenses on a BOE basis
increased 3% between periods from $2.45 to $2.53. As a percentage of oil and gas sales, our general
and administrative expenses decreased from 7% during 2004 to 5% during 2005, as general and
administrative costs increased at a slower rate than oil and gas sales prices.
46
Change in Production Participation Plan Liability. For the year ended December 31, 2005, this
non-cash expense increased $8.0 million to $9.7 million from $1.7 million during 2004. This expense
represents the change in the vested present value of estimated future payments to be made to
participants after 2006 under our Production Participation Plan (Plan). Although payments take
place over the life of oil and gas properties contributed to the Plan, which for some properties is
over 20 years, we must expense the present value of estimated future payments over the Plans five
year vesting period. The increase in expense primarily reflects changes to future cash flow
estimates due to the effect of a sustained higher price environment and acquisitions during 2005.
Assumptions that are used to calculate this liability are subject to estimation and will vary from
year to year based on the current market for oil and gas, discount rates and overall market
conditions.
Interest Expense. The components of our interest expense were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Credit Agreement |
|
$ |
9,997 |
|
|
$ |
5,893 |
|
Senior Subordinated Notes |
|
|
25,109 |
|
|
|
5,957 |
|
Amortization of debt issue costs and debt discount |
|
|
4,076 |
|
|
|
1,666 |
|
Accretion of tax sharing liability |
|
|
2,725 |
|
|
|
2,390 |
|
Other |
|
|
138 |
|
|
|
150 |
|
Capitalized interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(200 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest expense |
|
$ |
42,045 |
|
|
$ |
15,856 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in interest expense was mainly due to the May 2004 issuance of $150.0 million
7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012, the April 2005 issuance of $220.0 million 7.25% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2013, the October 2005 issuance of $250.0 million 7% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2014, and additional borrowings outstanding in 2005 under our credit agreement. The
additional amortization of debt issue costs and debt discount in 2005 was due to the greater number
of days that each instruments capitalized issue costs and debt discounts were outstanding versus
the prior year.
Our weighted average debt outstanding during 2005 was $553.0 million versus $257.8 million
during 2004. Our weighted average effective cash interest rate was 6.4% during 2005 versus 4.7%
2004. After inclusion of non-cash interest costs related to the amortization of debt issue costs
and debt discounts and the accretion of the tax sharing liability, our weighted average effective
all-in interest rate was 7.2% during 2005 versus 5.5% during 2004.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense totaled $74.2 million for 2005 and $44.0 million for
2004, resulting in effective income tax rates of 37.8% and 38.6%, respectively. We were able to
defer the majority of our cash income tax obligations primarily due to the level of intangible
drilling deductions allowed in each year. We reported current income tax expense of $8.5 million in
2005 or 11.5% of the tax provision, as compared to $3.9 million or 8.8% of the tax provision in
2004. The lower rate of current income tax expense in 2004 was mainly due to the use of our 2003
net operating loss carryforward in 2004.
Net Income. Net income increased from $70.0 million during 2004 to $121.9 million during 2005.
The primary reasons for this increase included 27% higher oil and gas prices net of hedging
between periods and a 54% increase in equivalent volumes sold, which were partially offset by
higher lease operating expenses, production taxes, DD&A, exploration and impairment, general and
administrative, Production Participation Plan, interest expenses, and income taxes in 2005
resulting from our continued growth.
47
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview. At December 31, 2005, our debt to total capitalization ratio was 46.4%, we had $10.4
million of cash on hand and $997.9 million of stockholders equity. At December 31, 2006, our debt
to total capitalization ratio was 45.4%, we had $10.4 million of cash on hand and $1,186.7 million
of stockholders equity. In 2006, we generated $411.2 million from operating activities, an
increase of $81.0 million over 2005. Cash provided by operating activities increased primarily
because of higher production from our recent acquisitions, successful drilling activities and
higher average sales prices for crude oil, and was partially offset by higher operating costs. We
also generated $116.4 million from financing activities primarily consisting of $120.0 million in
net borrowings against our credit agreement. Cash on hand and cash flows from operating and
financing activities, as well proceeds of $24.4 million from the sale of oil and gas properties,
were primarily used to finance $464.4 million of drilling and development capital expenditures paid
in 2006 and $87.6 million of cash acquisition capital expenditures to acquire the Michigan
Properties, the central Utah Hingeline unproved acreage, tubular goods, other unproved property
leaseholds and an oil transportation pipeline. The chart below details our drilling and development
capital expenditures incurred by region during 2006 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Drilling Capex |
|
|
% of Total |
|
Permian Basin |
|
$ |
186,533 |
|
|
|
41 |
% |
Rocky Mountains |
|
|
131,704 |
|
|
|
29 |
% |
Mid-Continent |
|
|
88,008 |
|
|
|
19 |
% |
Gulf Coast |
|
|
41,256 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
Michigan |
|
|
7,489 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total drilling and development capital expenditures incurred |
|
|
454,990 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in accrued capital expenditures |
|
|
9,417 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total drilling and development capital expenditures paid |
|
$ |
464,407 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We continually evaluate our capital needs and compare them to our capital resources. Our 2007
budgeted capital expenditures for the further development of our property base are $350.0 million,
a decrease from the $455.0 million incurred on capitalized drilling and development during 2006.
Although we have no specific budget for property acquisitions in 2007, we will continue to seek
property acquisition opportunities that complement our existing core property base. We expect to
fund our 2007 development expenditures from internally generated cash flow and cash on hand. We
believe that should attractive acquisition opportunities arise or development expenditures exceed
$350.0 million, we will be able to finance additional capital expenditures with cash on hand, cash
flows from operating activities, borrowings under our credit agreement, issuances of additional
debt securities or equity, or agreements with industry partners. Our level of capital expenditures
is largely discretionary, and the amount of funds devoted to any particular activity may increase
or decrease significantly depending on available opportunities, commodity prices, cash flows and
development results, among other factors.
Credit Agreement. Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation has a $1.2 billion credit agreement with a
syndicate of banks that, as of December 31, 2006, had a borrowing base of $875.0 million with
$380.0 million outstanding, leaving $495.0 million of available borrowing capacity. The borrowing
base under the credit agreement is determined at the discretion of the lenders based on the
collateral value of our proved reserves that have been mortgaged to our lenders and is subject to
regular redeterminations on May 1 and November 1 of each year, as well as special redeterminations
described in the credit agreement.
The credit agreement provides for interest only payments until August 31, 2010, when the
entire amount borrowed is due. Whiting Oil Gas Corporation may, throughout the five-year term of
the credit agreement, borrow, repay and re-borrow up to the borrowing base in effect from time to
time. The lenders under the credit agreement have also committed to issue letters of credit for
the account of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation or other designated subsidiaries of ours from time
to time in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50.0 million. As of December 31, 2006, letters of
credit totaling $0.3 million were outstanding under the credit agreement.
48
Interest accrues, at Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations option, at either (1) the base rate
plus a margin where the base rate is defined as the higher of the prime rate or the federal funds
rate plus 0.5% and the margin varies from 0% to 0.5% depending on the utilization percentage of the
borrowing base, or (2) at the LIBOR rate plus a margin where the margin varies from 1.00% to 1.75%
depending on the utilization percentage of the borrowing base. Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation has
consistently chosen the LIBOR rate option since it delivers the lowest effective interest rate.
Commitment fees of 0.25% to 0.375% accrue on the unused portion of the borrowing base, depending on
the utilization percentage and are included as a component of interest expense. At December 31,
2006, the effective weighted average interest rate on the entire outstanding principal balance
under the credit agreement was 6.5%.
The credit agreement contains restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to, among other
things, pay cash dividends, incur additional indebtedness, sell assets, make loans to others, make
investments, enter into mergers, enter into hedging contracts, change material agreements, incur
liens and engage in certain other transactions without the prior consent of the lenders and
requires us to maintain a debt to EBITDAX (as defined in the credit agreement) ratio of less than
3.5 to 1 and a working capital ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) of greater than 1 to 1.
Except for limited exceptions, including the payment of interest on the senior notes, the credit
agreement restricts the ability of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and our wholly owned subsidiary,
Equity Oil Company, to make any dividends, distributions or other payments to us. The restrictions
apply to all of the net assets of these subsidiaries. We were in compliance with our covenants
under the credit agreement as of December 31, 2006. The credit agreement is secured by a first
lien on all of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations properties included in the borrowing base for the
credit agreement. We and Equity Oil Company have guaranteed the obligations of Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporation under the credit agreement. We have pledged the stock of Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporation and Equity Oil Company as security for our guarantee, and Equity Oil Company has
mortgaged all of its properties included in the borrowing base for the credit agreement as security
for its guarantee.
Senior Subordinated Notes. In October 2005, we issued $250.0 million of 7% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2014 at par.
In April 2005, we issued $220.0 million of 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013. The
Notes were issued at 98.507% of par and the associated discount is being amortized to interest
expense over the term of the notes.
In May 2004, we issued $150.0 million of 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012. The Notes
were issued at 99.26% of par and the associated discount is being amortized to interest expense
over the term of the notes.
The notes are unsecured obligations of ours and are subordinated to all of our senior debt,
which currently consists of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement. The indentures
governing the notes contain restrictive covenants that may limit our and our subsidiaries ability
to, among other things, pay cash dividends, redeem or repurchase our capital stock or our
subordinated debt, make investments, incur additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock, sell
assets, consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of ours and our
restricted subsidiaries taken as a whole and enter into hedging contracts. These covenants may
potentially limit the discretion of our management in certain respects. In addition, Whiting Oil
and Gas Corporations credit agreement restricts the ability of our subsidiaries to make certain
payments, including principal on the notes, to us. We were in compliance with these covenants as
of December 31, 2006. Three of our subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, Whiting Programs,
Inc. and Equity Oil Company, have fully, unconditionally, jointly and severally guaranteed our
obligations under the notes.
Shelf Registration Statement. In May 2006, we filed a universal shelf registration statement
with the SEC to allow us to offer an indeterminate amount of securities in the future. Under the
registration statement, we may periodically offer from time to time debt securities, common stock,
preferred stock, warrants and other securities or any combination of such securities in amounts,
prices and on terms announced when and if the securities are offered. The specifics of any future
offerings, along with the use of proceeds of any securities offered, will be described in detail in
a prospectus supplement at the time of any such offering.
49
Tax Sharing Liability. In connection with our initial public offering in November 2003, we
entered into a tax separation and indemnification agreement with our former parent, Alliant Energy
Corporation (Alliant Energy). Pursuant to this agreement, we and Alliant Energy made a tax
election with the effect that the tax bases of the assets of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and
its subsidiaries were increased to the deemed purchase price of their assets immediately prior to
such initial public offering. We have adjusted deferred taxes on our balance sheet to reflect the
new tax bases of our assets. These additional bases are expected to result in increased future
income tax deductions and, accordingly, may reduce income taxes otherwise payable by us. Under this
agreement, we have agreed to pay Alliant Energy 90% of the future tax benefits we realize annually
as a result of this step up in tax basis for the years ending on or prior to December 31, 2013.
Such tax benefits will generally be calculated by comparing our actual taxes to the taxes that
would have been owed by us had the increase in bases not occurred. In 2014, we will be obligated to
pay Alliant Energy the present value of the remaining tax benefits assuming all such tax benefits
will be realized in future years. We have estimated that total payments to Alliant will approximate
$38.6 million on an undiscounted basis, with a present value of $25.7 million. During 2006, we made
a payment of $3.7 million under this agreement. Our estimate of payments to be made under this
agreement of $3.6 million in 2007 is reflected as a current liability at December 31, 2006.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Schedule of Contractual Obligations. The following table summarizes our material obligations
and commitments as of December 31, 2006 to make future payments under certain contracts, aggregated
by category of contractual obligation, for specified time periods. This table does not include
Production Participation Plan liabilities since we cannot determine with accuracy the timing of
future payments (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments due by period |
|
Contractual Obligations |
|
Total |
|
|
Less than 1 year |
|
|
2-3 years |
|
|
4-5 years |
|
|
More than 5 years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt (a) |
|
$ |
995,396 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
380,000 |
|
|
$ |
615,396 |
|
Cash interest expense on debt (b) |
|
|
389,107 |
|
|
|
69,270 |
|
|
|
138,540 |
|
|
|
105,764 |
|
|
|
75,533 |
|
Asset retirement obligation (c) |
|
|
37,534 |
|
|
|
552 |
|
|
|
1,089 |
|
|
|
2,558 |
|
|
|
33,335 |
|
Tax sharing liability (d) |
|
|
27,172 |
|
|
|
3,565 |
|
|
|
5,988 |
|
|
|
5,044 |
|
|
|
12,575 |
|
Derivative contract liability fair value (e) |
|
|
9,336 |
|
|
|
4,088 |
|
|
|
5,248 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase obligations (f) |
|
|
308,877 |
|
|
|
17,479 |
|
|
|
100,298 |
|
|
|
103,256 |
|
|
|
87,844 |
|
Drilling rig contracts (g) |
|
|
47,472 |
|
|
|
17,334 |
|
|
|
25,314 |
|
|
|
4,824 |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases (h) |
|
|
7,184 |
|
|
|
1,742 |
|
|
|
3,531 |
|
|
|
1,870 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,822,078 |
|
|
$ |
114,030 |
|
|
$ |
280,008 |
|
|
$ |
603,316 |
|
|
$ |
824,724 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Long-term debt consists of the 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012 and 2013, the 7%
Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014 and the outstanding debt under our credit agreement, and
assumes no principal repayment until the due date of the instruments. |
|
(b) |
|
Cash interest expense on the 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012 and 2013 and the 7%
Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014 is estimated assuming no principal repayment until the due
date of the instruments. The interest rate swap on the $75.0 million of our $150.0 million
fixed rate 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012 is assumed to equal 7.7% until the due
date of the instrument. Cash interest expense on the credit agreement is estimated assuming
no principal repayment until the instrument due date, and a fixed interest rate of 6.5%. |
|
(c) |
|
Asset retirement obligations represent the estimated present value of amounts expected to be
incurred to plug, abandon and remediate oil and gas properties. |
|
(d) |
|
Amounts shown are the estimated payments due based on projected future income tax benefits
from the increase in tax bases described under Tax Sharing Liability above. |
50
(e) |
|
We have entered into derivative contracts, primarily costless collars, to hedge our
exposure to crude oil and natural gas price fluctuations. As of December 31, 2006, the forward
price curves for oil and gas generally exceeded the price curves that were in effect when
these contracts were entered into, resulting in a derivative fair value liability. If current
market prices are higher than a collars price ceiling when the cash settlement amount is
calculated, we are required to pay the contract counterparties. The ultimate settlement
amounts under our derivative contracts are unknown, however, as they are subject to continuing
market risk. |
(f) |
|
We entered into two take-or-pay purchase agreements, one agreement in July 2005 for 9.5
years and one agreement in March 2006 for 8 years, whereby we have committed to buy certain
volumes of CO2 for a fixed fee, subject to annual escalation, for use in enhanced
recovery projects in our Postle field in Texas County, Oklahoma and our North Ward Estes field
in Ward County, Texas. The purchase agreements are with different suppliers. Under the terms
of the agreements, we are obligated to purchase a minimum daily volume of CO2 (as
calculated on an annual basis) or else pay for any deficiencies at the price in effect when
the minimum delivery was to have occurred. The CO2 volumes planned for use on the
enhanced recovery projects in the Postle and North Ward Estes fields currently exceed the
minimum daily volumes provided in these take-or-pay purchase agreements. Therefore, we expect
to avoid any payments for deficiencies. |
(g) |
|
We entered into three separate three-year agreements in 2005 for drilling rigs, a two-year
agreement in February 2006 for a workover rig, and a three-year agreement in September 2006
for an additional drilling rig, all operating in the Rocky Mountains region. As of December
31, 2006, early termination of these contracts would have required maximum penalties of $32.7
million. No other drilling rigs working for us are currently under long-term contracts or
contracts which cannot be terminated at the end of the well that is currently being drilled.
Due to the short-term and indeterminate nature of the drilling time remaining on rigs drilling
on a well-by-well basis, such obligations have not been included in this table. |
(h) |
|
We lease 87,000 square feet of administrative office space in Denver, Colorado under an
operating lease arrangement through October 31, 2010, and an additional 26,500 square feet of
office space in Midland, Texas through February 15, 2012. |
Based on current oil and gas prices and anticipated levels of production, we believe that
the estimated net cash generated from operations, together with cash on hand and amounts available
under our credit agreement, will be adequate to meet future liquidity needs, including satisfying
our financial obligations and funding our operations and exploration and development activities.
Price-Sharing Agreement. As part of a 2002 purchase transaction, we agreed to share with the
seller 50% of the actual price received for certain crude oil production in excess of $19.00 per
barrel. The agreement runs through December 31, 2009 and contains a 2% price escalation per year.
As a result, the sharing amount at January 1, 2007 increased to 50% of the actual price received in
excess of $20.97 per barrel. As of December 31, 2006, approximately 40,300 net barrels of crude oil
per month (5% of December 2006 net crude oil production) are subject to this sharing agreement. The
terms of the agreement do not provide for a maximum amount to be paid. During the years 2006, 2005
and 2004, we paid $9.4 million, $7.6 million and $4.8 million, respectively, under this agreement.
As of December 31, 2006, we have accrued an additional
$0.6 million as a current payable.
New Accounting Policies
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123R). The adoption of SFAS 123R had a minimal impact on income before
income taxes and net income, and had no effect on basic or diluted earnings per share, for the year
ended December 31, 2006, as presented in the our consolidated statements of income. This Statement
is a revision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for
51
Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS 123), and supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion No.
25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB 25), and its related implementation guidance.
SFAS 123R requires a company to measure the grant date fair value of equity awards given to
employees in exchange for services and recognize that cost, less estimated forfeitures, over the
period that such services are performed. Prior to adopting SFAS 123R, the Company accounted for
stock-based compensation under SFAS 123, whereby the Companys policy was to recognize actual
forfeitures of restricted stock only when they occurred rather than estimate them at the grant date
and subsequently true-up estimated forfeitures to actuals. SFAS 123R requires companies to include
forfeitures as part of the grant date estimate of compensation cost. We adopted SFAS 123R on
January 1, 2006 using the modified prospective transition method. In accordance with the modified
prospective method, prior period results have not been restated.
In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No.
108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current
Year Financial Statements (SAB 108). The adoption of SAB 108 did not have a material impact on
our consolidated financial position or results of operations. SAB 108 provides interpretive
guidance on the consideration of the effects of prior year misstatements in quantifying current
year misstatements for the purpose of a materiality assessment. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal
years ending on or after November 15, 2006 and provides for a one-time transitional cumulative
effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings as of January 1, 2006 for errors that were not
previously deemed material, but are material under the guidance in SAB 108.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes, an interpretation of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for
Income Taxes (FIN 48). We are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of FIN 48 will
have on our financial statements and have not yet determined whether or not the adoption will have
a material impact on its financial position or results of operations. The interpretation creates a
single model to address accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. Specifically, the
pronouncement prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial
statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax
return. The interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and
penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition of certain tax positions. FIN
48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157).
The adoption of SFAS 157 is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial
position or results of operations. However, additional disclosures may be required about the
information used to develop the measurements. SFAS 157 establishes a single authoritative
definition of fair value, sets out a framework for measuring fair value and requires additional
disclosures about fair value measurements. This Standard requires companies to disclose the fair
value of their financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy. SFAS 157 does not
require any new fair value measurements, but will remove inconsistencies in fair value measurements
between various accounting pronouncements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued
for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our discussion of financial condition and results of operations is based upon the information
reported in our consolidated financial statements. The preparation of these statements requires us
to make certain assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities,
revenues and expenses as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
our financial statements. We base our assumptions and estimates on historical experience and other
sources that we believe to be reasonable at the time. Actual results may vary from our estimates
due to changes in circumstances, weather, politics, global economics, mechanical problems, general
business conditions and other factors. Our significant accounting policies are detailed in Note 1
to our consolidated financial statements. We have outlined below certain of these policies as being
of particular importance to the portrayal of our
52
financial position and results of operations and which require the application of significant
judgment by our management.
Successful Efforts Accounting. We account for our oil and gas operations using the successful
efforts method of accounting. Under this method, all costs associated with property acquisitions,
successful exploratory wells and all development wells are capitalized. Items charged to expense
generally include geological and geophysical costs, costs of unsuccessful exploratory wells and oil
and gas production costs. All of our properties are located within the continental United States
and the Gulf of Mexico.
Oil and Gas Reserve Quantities. Reserve quantities and the related estimates of future net
cash flows affect our periodic calculations of depletion, impairment of our oil and gas properties,
asset retirement obligations, and our long-term Production Participation Plan liability. Proved oil
and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids
which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in
future periods from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Reserve
quantities and future cash flows included in this report are prepared in accordance with guidelines
established by the SEC and FASB. The accuracy of our reserve estimates is a function of:
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the quality and quantity of available data; |
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the interpretation of that data; |
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the accuracy of various mandated economic assumptions; and |
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the judgments of the persons preparing the estimates. |
Our proved reserve information included in this report is based on estimates prepared by Ryder
Scott Company, Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc., and R.A. Lenser & Associates, Inc., each
independent petroleum engineers, and our engineering staff. The independent petroleum engineers
evaluated 100% of our estimated proved reserve quantities and their related future net cash flows
as of December 31, 2006. Estimates prepared by others may be higher or lower than our estimates.
Because these estimates depend on many assumptions, all of which may differ substantially from
actual results, reserve estimates may be different from the quantities of oil and gas that are
ultimately recovered. We continually make revisions to reserve estimates throughout the year as
additional information becomes available. We make changes to depletion rates, impairment
calculations, asset retirement obligations and our Production Participation Plan liability in the
same period that changes to the reserve estimates are made.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization. Our rate of recording DD&A is dependent upon our
estimates of total proved and proved developed reserves, which estimates incorporate various
assumptions and future projections. If the estimates of total proved or proved developed reserves
decline, the rate at which we record DD&A expense increases, reducing our net income. This decline
may result from lower market prices, which may make it uneconomic to drill for and produce higher
cost fields. We are unable to predict changes in reserve quantity estimates as such quantities are
dependent on the success of our exploitation and development program, as well as future economic
conditions.
Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties. We review the value of our oil and gas properties
whenever management judges that events and circumstances indicate that the recorded carrying value
of properties may not be recoverable. Impairments of producing properties are determined by
comparing future net undiscounted cash flows to the net book value at the end of each period. If
the net capitalized cost exceeds net future cash flows, the cost of the property is written down to
fair value, which is determined using net discounted future cash flows from the producing
property. Different pricing assumptions or discount rates could result in a different calculated
impairment. We provide for impairments on significant undeveloped properties when we determine that
the property will not be
53
developed or a permanent impairment in value has occurred. Individually insignificant unproved
properties are amortized on a composite basis, based on past success, experience and average
lease-term lives.
Asset Retirement Obligation. Our asset retirement obligations (ARO) consist primarily of
estimated costs of dismantlement, removal, site reclamation and similar activities associated with
our oil and gas properties. The discounted fair value of an ARO liability is required to be
recognized in the period in which it is incurred, with the associated asset retirement cost
capitalized as part of the carrying cost of the oil and gas asset. The recognition of an ARO
requires that management make numerous assumptions regarding such factors as the estimated
probabilities, amounts and timing of settlements; the credit-adjusted risk-free rate to be used;
inflation rates; and future advances in technology. In periods subsequent to initial measurement of
the ARO, we must recognize period-to-period changes in the liability resulting from the passage of
time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate of undiscounted cash
flows. Increases in the ARO liability due to passage of time impact net income as accretion
expense. The related capitalized cost, including revisions thereto, is charged to expense through
DD&A.
Production Participation Plan. We have a Production Participation Plan (Plan) in which all
eligible employees participate. Each year, a deemed economic interest in all oil and gas properties
acquired or developed during the year is contributed to the Plan. The Compensation Committee of the
Board of Directors, in its discretion for each Plan year, allocates a percentage of net income
(defined as gross revenues less production taxes, royalties and direct lease operating expenses)
attributable to such properties to Plan participants. Once contributed and allocated, the interests
(not legally conveyed) are fixed for each Plan year. The short-term obligation related to the
Production Participation Plan is included in the Accrued Employee Compensation and Benefits line
item on our consolidated balance sheets. This obligation is based on cash flows during the
preceding year and is paid annually in cash after year end. The calculation of this liability
depends in part on our estimates of accrued revenues and costs as of the end of each reporting
period as discussed below under Revenue Recognition. The vested long-term obligation related to
the Production Participation Plan is the Production Participation Plan Liability line item on the
consolidated balance sheets. This liability is derived primarily from reserve report estimates
discounted at 15%, which as discussed above, are subject to revision as more information becomes
available. Our price assumptions are currently determined using average prices for the preceding
five years. Variances between estimates used to calculate liabilities related to the Production
Participation Plan and actual sales, cost and reserve data are integrated into the liability
calculations in the period identified. A 10% increase to the pricing assumptions used in the
measurement of this liability at December 31, 2006 would have decreased net income before taxes by
$3.9 million in 2006.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activity. We periodically enter into commodity derivative
contracts to manage our exposure to oil and gas price volatility. We use hedging to reduce price
volatility, help ensure that we have adequate cash flow to fund our capital programs and manage
price risks and returns on some of our acquisitions and drilling programs. Our decision on the
quantity and price at which we choose to hedge our production is based in part on our view of
current and future market conditions. While the use of these hedging arrangements limits the
downside risk of adverse price movements, they may also limit future revenues from favorable price
movements. We primarily utilize costless collars, which are generally placed with major financial
institutions. The oil and gas reference prices of these commodity derivative contracts are based
upon crude oil and natural gas futures, which have a high degree of historical correlation with
actual prices we receive. All derivative instruments are required to be recorded on the
consolidated balance sheet at fair value. Changes in the derivatives fair value are recognized
currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. For qualifying cash flow
hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative is deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income
(loss) to the extent the hedge is effective and is reclassified to the Gain (loss) on oil and
natural gas hedging activities line item in our consolidated statements of income in the period
that the hedged production is delivered. Hedge effectiveness is measured at least quarterly based
on the relative changes in the fair value between the derivative contract and the hedged item over
time. We currently do not have any derivative contracts in place that do not qualify as cash flow
hedges.
We have established the fair value of all derivative instruments using estimates determined by
our counterparties and subsequently evaluated internally using established index prices and readily
available market data. These values
54
are based upon, among other things, futures prices, volatility, time to maturity and credit
risk. The values we report in our financial statements change as these estimates are revised to
reflect actual results, changes in market conditions or other factors, many of which are beyond our
control.
Our results of operations each period can be impacted by our ability to estimate the level of
correlation between future changes in the fair value of the hedge instruments and the transactions
being hedged, both at the inception and on an ongoing basis. This correlation is complicated since
energy commodity prices, the primary risk we hedge, have quality and location differences that can
be difficult to hedge effectively. The factors underlying our estimates of fair value and our
assessment of correlation of our hedging derivatives are impacted by actual results and changes in
conditions that affect these factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our hedges did not
qualify for cash flow hedge treatment, then our consolidated statements of income could include
large non-cash fluctuations, particularly in volatile pricing environments, as our contracts are
marked to their period end market values.
The use of hedging transactions also involves the risk that the counterparties will be unable
to meet the financial terms of such transactions. We evaluate the ability of our counterparties to
perform at the inception of a hedging relationship and on a periodic basis as appropriate.
Income Taxes. We provide for income taxes in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. We record deferred tax assets and liabilities to
account for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our
financial statements and our tax returns. We routinely assess the realizability of our deferred
tax assets. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the
deferred tax assets will not be realized under accounting standards, the tax asset would be reduced
by a valuation allowance. We consider future taxable income in making such assessments. Numerous
judgments and assumptions are inherent in the determination of future taxable income, including
factors such as future operating conditions (particularly as related to prevailing oil and gas
prices).
Revenue Recognition. We predominantly derive our revenue from the sale of produced oil and
gas. Revenue is recorded in the month the product is delivered to the purchaser. We receive payment
from one to three months after delivery. At the end of each month, we estimate the amount of
production delivered to purchasers and the price we will receive. Variances between our estimated
revenue and actual payment are recorded in the month the payment is received. However, differences
have been insignificant.
Accounting for Business Combinations. Our business has grown substantially through
acquisitions and our business strategy is to continue to pursue acquisitions as opportunities
arise. We have accounted for all of our business combinations using the purchase method, which is
the only method permitted under SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, and involves the use of
significant judgment.
Under the purchase method of accounting, a business combination is accounted for at a purchase
price based upon the fair value of the consideration given. The assets and liabilities acquired are
measured at their fair values, and the purchase price is allocated to the assets and liabilities
based upon these fair values. The excess of the cost of an acquired entity, if any, over the net
amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. The excess
of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed over the cost of an acquired entity,
if any, is allocated as a pro rata reduction of the amounts that otherwise would have been assigned
to certain acquired assets.
Determining the fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired involves the use of
judgment, since some of the assets and liabilities acquired do not have fair values that are
readily determinable. Different techniques may be used to determine fair values, including market
prices, where available, appraisals, comparisons to transactions for similar assets and liabilities
and present value of estimated future cash flows, among others. Since these estimates involve the
use of significant judgment, they can change as new information becomes available.
55
Each of the business combinations completed during the prior three years consisted of oil and
gas properties or companies with oil and gas interests. The consideration we have paid to acquire
these properties or companies was entirely allocated the fair value of the assets acquired and
liabilities assumed at the time of acquisition. Consequently, there was no goodwill to be
recognized from any of our business combinations.
Effects of Inflation and Pricing
We experienced increased costs during 2006, 2005 and 2004 due to increased demand for oil
field products and services. The oil and gas industry is very cyclical and the demand for goods
and services of oil field companies, suppliers and others associated with the industry put extreme
pressure on the economic stability and pricing structure within the industry. Typically, as prices
for oil and gas increase, so do all associated costs. Material changes in prices also impact the
current revenue stream, estimates of future reserves, borrowing base calculations of bank loans and
values of properties in purchase and sale transactions. Material changes in prices can impact the
value of oil and gas companies and their ability to raise capital, borrow money and retain
personnel. While we do not currently expect business costs to materially increase, continued high
prices for oil and gas could result in increases in the costs of materials, services and personnel.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
Commodity Price Risk
The price we receive for our oil and gas production heavily influences our revenue,
profitability, access to capital and future rate of growth. Crude oil and natural gas are
commodities and, therefore, their prices are subject to wide fluctuations in response to relatively
minor changes in supply and demand. Historically, the markets for oil and gas have been volatile,
and these markets will likely continue to be volatile in the future. The prices we receive for our
production depend on numerous factors beyond our control. Based on 2006 production, our income
before income taxes for 2006 would have moved up or down $3.2 million for every $0.10 change in gas
prices and $9.8 million for each $1.00 change in oil prices.
We periodically enter into derivative contracts to manage our exposure to oil and gas price
volatility. Our derivative contracts have traditionally been costless collars, although we
evaluate other forms of derivative instruments as well. Our derivative contracts have historically
qualified for cash flow hedge accounting where accounting treatment allows the aggregate change in
fair market value to be recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Recognition in
the consolidated statements of income occurs in the period of contract settlement.
56
Our outstanding hedges as of January 1, 2007 are summarized below:
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Monthly Volume |
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Commodity |
|
Period |
|
(MMBtu)/(Bbl) |
|
NYMEX Floor/Ceiling |
Crude Oil
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01/2007 to 03/2007
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|
|
125,000 |
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$45.00/$81.00 |
Crude Oil
|
|
01/2007 to 03/2007
|
|
|
215,000 |
|
|
$50.00/$70.90 |
Crude Oil
|
|
01/2007 to 03/2007
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
$50.00/$73.15 |
Crude Oil
|
|
04/2007 to 06/2007
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
$50.00/$72.00 |
Crude Oil
|
|
04/2007 to 06/2007
|
|
|
300,000 |
|
|
$50.00/$78.50 |
Crude Oil
|
|
07/2007 to 09/2007
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
$50.00/$70.90 |
Crude Oil
|
|
07/2007 to 09/2007
|
|
|
300,000 |
|
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$50.00/$77.55 |
Crude Oil
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|
10/2007 to 12/2007
|
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110,000 |
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$49.00/$71.50 |
Crude Oil
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|
10/2007 to 12/2007
|
|
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300,000 |
|
|
$50.00/$76.50 |
Crude Oil
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01/2008 to 03/2008
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
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$49.00/$70.65 |
Crude Oil
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|
04/2008 to 06/2008
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
$48.00/$71.60 |
Crude Oil
|
|
07/2008 to 09/2008
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
$48.00/$70.85 |
Crude Oil
|
|
10/2008 to 12/2008
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
$48.00/$70.20 |
Natural Gas
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|
01/2007 to 03/2007
|
|
|
600,000 |
|
|
$6.00/$15.20 |
Natural Gas
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|
01/2007 to 03/2007
|
|
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1,000,000 |
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$6.00/$15.52 |
The collared hedges shown above have the effect of providing a protective floor while allowing
us to share in upward pricing movements. Consequently, while these hedges are designed to decrease
our exposure to price decreases, they also have the effect of limiting the benefit of price
increases beyond the ceiling. For the 2007 crude oil contracts listed above, a hypothetical $1.00
change in the NYMEX price would cause a change in the gain (loss) on hedging activities in 2007 of
$5.0 million. For the 2007 natural gas contracts listed above, a hypothetical $0.10 change in the
NYMEX price above the ceiling price or below the floor price applied to the notional amounts would
cause a change in the gain (loss) on hedging activities in 2007 of $0.5 million.
In a previous acquisition, we also assumed certain fixed price marketing contracts directly
with end users for a portion of the natural gas we produce in Michigan. All of those contracts have
built-in pricing escalators of 4% per year. Our outstanding fixed price marketing contracts at
January 1, 2007 are summarized below:
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Monthly Volume |
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|
Commodity |
|
Period Remaining |
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(MMBtu) |
|
2007 Price Per MMBtu |
Natural Gas
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01/2007 to 12/2011
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51,000 |
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$ |
4.75 |
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Natural Gas
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01/2007 to 12/2012
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60,000 |
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|
$ |
4.21 |
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Interest Rate Risk
Market risk is estimated as the change in fair value resulting from a hypothetical 100 basis
point change in the interest rate on the outstanding balance under our credit agreement. Our
credit agreement allows us to fix the interest rate for all or a portion of the principal balance
for a period up to six months. To the extent the interest rate is fixed, interest rate changes
affect the instruments fair market value but do not impact results of operations or cash flows.
Conversely, for the portion of the credit agreement that has a floating interest rate, interest
rate changes will not affect the fair market value but will impact future results of operations and
cash flows. At December 31, 2006, our outstanding principal balance under our credit agreement was
$380.0 million and the weighted average interest rate on the outstanding principal balance was
fixed at 6.5% through June 2007. At December 31, 2006, the carrying amount approximated fair
market value. Assuming a constant debt level of $380.0 million, the cash flow impact for 2006
resulting from a 100 basis point change in interest rates during periods when the interest
rate is not fixed would be $1.9 million.
57
Interest Rate Swap
In August 2004, we entered into an interest rate swap contract to hedge the fair value of
$75.0 million of our 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012. Because this swap meets the
conditions to qualify for the short cut method of assessing effectiveness, the change in fair
value of the debt is assumed to equal the change in the fair value of the interest rate swap. As
such, there is no ineffectiveness assumed to exist between the interest rate swap and the notes.
The interest rate swap is a fixed for floating swap in that we receive the fixed rate of 7.25%
and pay the floating rate. The floating rate is redetermined every six months based on the LIBOR
rate in effect at the contractual reset date. When LIBOR plus our margin of 2.345% is less than
7.25%, we receive a payment from the counterparty equal to the difference in rate times $75.0
million for the six month period. When LIBOR plus our margin of 2.345% is greater than 7.25%, we
pay the counterparty an amount equal to the difference in rate times $75.0 million for the six
month period. The LIBOR rate at December 31, 2006 was 5.4%. As of December 31, 2006, we have
recorded a long term liability of $1.5 million related to the interest rate swap, which has been
designated as a fair value hedge, with a corresponding decrease in the carrying value of the Senior
Subordinated Notes.
58
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
MANAGEMENTS ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
The management of Whiting Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries is responsible for
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our internal
control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting,
misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any
evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods
are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions,
or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as
of December 31, 2006 using the criteria set forth in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment,
our management believes that, as of December 31, 2006, our internal control over financial
reporting was effective based on those criteria.
Deloitte & Touche LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an
attestation report on managements assessment of our internal control over financial reporting.
That attestation report is set forth immediately prior to the report of Deloitte & Touche LLP on
the financial statements included herein.
59
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Whiting Petroleum Corporation:
We have audited managements assessment, included in the accompanying Managements Annual Report on
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Whiting Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries (the
Company) maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006,
based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Companys management is responsible for
maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on managements assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal
control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, evaluating managements assessment, testing and evaluating the
design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis
for our opinions.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the
supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons
performing similar functions, and effected by the companys board of directors, management, and
other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes
those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the
possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to
error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any
evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods
are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions,
or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, managements assessment that the Company maintained effective internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on
the criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained,
in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2006, based on the criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December
31, 2006 of the Company and our report dated February 26, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion on
those financial statements.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Denver, Colorado
February 26, 2007
60
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Whiting Petroleum Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Whiting Petroleum Corporation and
subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated
statements of income, stockholders equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An
audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects,
the financial position of Whiting Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006
and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting
as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated
February 26, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion on managements assessment of the effectiveness
of the Companys internal control over financial reporting and an unqualified opinion on the
effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Denver, Colorado
February 26, 2007
61
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT ASSETS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
10,372 |
|
|
$ |
10,382 |
|
Accounts receivable trade, net |
|
|
97,831 |
|
|
|
101,066 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
3,025 |
|
|
|
15,121 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other |
|
|
10,484 |
|
|
|
5,595 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
121,712 |
|
|
|
132,164 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas properties, successful efforts method: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved properties |
|
|
2,828,282 |
|
|
|
2,353,372 |
|
Unproved properties |
|
|
55,297 |
|
|
|
21,671 |
|
Other property and equipment |
|
|
44,902 |
|
|
|
26,235 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total property and equipment |
|
|
2,928,481 |
|
|
|
2,401,278 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
|
(495,820 |
) |
|
|
(338,420 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total property and equipment, net |
|
|
2,432,661 |
|
|
|
2,062,858 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEBT ISSUANCE COSTS |
|
|
19,352 |
|
|
|
23,660 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS |
|
|
11,678 |
|
|
|
16,514 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
$ |
2,585,403 |
|
|
$ |
2,235,196 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
|
|
(Continued) |
62
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
21,077 |
|
|
$ |
13,159 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
|
|
58,504 |
|
|
|
54,927 |
|
Accrued interest |
|
|
9,124 |
|
|
|
11,894 |
|
Oil and gas sales payable |
|
|
19,064 |
|
|
|
21,154 |
|
Accrued employee compensation and benefits |
|
|
17,800 |
|
|
|
15,351 |
|
Production taxes payable |
|
|
9,820 |
|
|
|
13,259 |
|
Current portion of tax sharing liability |
|
|
3,565 |
|
|
|
4,254 |
|
Current portion of derivative liability |
|
|
4,088 |
|
|
|
34,569 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
143,042 |
|
|
|
168,567 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
995,396 |
|
|
|
875,098 |
|
Asset retirement obligations |
|
|
36,982 |
|
|
|
32,193 |
|
Production Participation Plan liability |
|
|
25,443 |
|
|
|
19,287 |
|
Tax sharing liability |
|
|
23,607 |
|
|
|
24,576 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
165,031 |
|
|
|
91,577 |
|
Long-term derivative liability |
|
|
5,248 |
|
|
|
21,817 |
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
3,984 |
|
|
|
4,219 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total non-current liabilities |
|
|
1,255,691 |
|
|
|
1,068,767 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $.001 par value; 75,000,000
shares authorized, 36,947,681 and
36,841,823 shares issued and outstanding
as of December 31, 2006 and 2005,
respectively |
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
37 |
|
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
754,788 |
|
|
|
753,093 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
|
(5,902 |
) |
|
|
(34,620 |
) |
Deferred compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,031 |
) |
Retained earnings |
|
|
437,747 |
|
|
|
281,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
1,186,670 |
|
|
|
997,862 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
$ |
2,585,403 |
|
|
$ |
2,235,196 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
|
|
(Concluded) |
63
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
REVENUES AND OTHER INCOME: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas sales |
|
$ |
773,120 |
|
|
$ |
573,246 |
|
|
$ |
281,057 |
|
Loss on oil and natural gas hedging activities |
|
|
(7,501 |
) |
|
|
(33,377 |
) |
|
|
(4,875 |
) |
Gain on sale of oil and gas properties |
|
|
12,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,000 |
|
Gain on sale of marketable securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,835 |
|
Interest income and other |
|
|
1,116 |
|
|
|
579 |
|
|
|
123 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues and other income |
|
|
778,827 |
|
|
|
540,448 |
|
|
|
282,140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COSTS AND EXPENSES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating |
|
|
183,642 |
|
|
|
111,560 |
|
|
|
54,212 |
|
Production taxes |
|
|
47,095 |
|
|
|
36,092 |
|
|
|
16,793 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
|
162,831 |
|
|
|
97,639 |
|
|
|
54,010 |
|
Exploration and impairment |
|
|
34,534 |
|
|
|
16,699 |
|
|
|
6,329 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
37,808 |
|
|
|
30,607 |
|
|
|
19,224 |
|
Change in Production Participation Plan liability |
|
|
6,156 |
|
|
|
9,708 |
|
|
|
1,711 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
73,489 |
|
|
|
42,045 |
|
|
|
15,856 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total costs and expenses |
|
|
545,555 |
|
|
|
344,350 |
|
|
|
168,135 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES |
|
|
233,272 |
|
|
|
196,098 |
|
|
|
114,005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INCOME TAX EXPENSE: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current |
|
|
12,346 |
|
|
|
8,514 |
|
|
|
3,882 |
|
Deferred |
|
|
64,562 |
|
|
|
65,662 |
|
|
|
40,077 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total income tax expense |
|
|
76,908 |
|
|
|
74,176 |
|
|
|
43,959 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCOME |
|
$ |
156,364 |
|
|
$ |
121,922 |
|
|
$ |
70,046 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE, BASIC |
|
$ |
4.26 |
|
|
$ |
3.89 |
|
|
$ |
3.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE, DILUTED |
|
$ |
4.25 |
|
|
$ |
3.88 |
|
|
$ |
3.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING, BASIC |
|
|
36,736 |
|
|
|
31,356 |
|
|
|
20,735 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING, DILUTED |
|
|
36,826 |
|
|
|
31,449 |
|
|
|
20,768 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
64
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
156,364 |
|
|
$ |
121,922 |
|
|
$ |
70,046 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
|
162,831 |
|
|
|
97,639 |
|
|
|
54,010 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
64,562 |
|
|
|
65,662 |
|
|
|
40,077 |
|
Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount |
|
|
5,208 |
|
|
|
4,076 |
|
|
|
1,466 |
|
Accretion of tax sharing agreement |
|
|
2,016 |
|
|
|
2,725 |
|
|
|
2,390 |
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
3,969 |
|
|
|
2,861 |
|
|
|
580 |
|
Gain on sale of oil and gas properties |
|
|
(12,092 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,000 |
) |
Gain on sale of marketable securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,835 |
) |
Impairments of undeveloped leaseholds and oil and gas properties |
|
|
4,455 |
|
|
|
2,034 |
|
|
|
2,152 |
|
Change in Production Participation Plan liability |
|
|
6,156 |
|
|
|
9,708 |
|
|
|
1,711 |
|
Other non-current |
|
|
2,653 |
|
|
|
373 |
|
|
|
(3,287 |
) |
Changes in current assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable trade |
|
|
3,235 |
|
|
|
(35,012 |
) |
|
|
(34,633 |
) |
Prepaid expenses and other |
|
|
(2,268 |
) |
|
|
(302 |
) |
|
|
(4,919 |
) |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
|
|
20,412 |
|
|
|
20,077 |
|
|
|
(650 |
) |
Accrued interest |
|
|
(2,770 |
) |
|
|
9,844 |
|
|
|
628 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
(3,522 |
) |
|
|
28,586 |
|
|
|
10,380 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
411,209 |
|
|
|
330,193 |
|
|
|
134,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash acquisition capital expenditures |
|
|
(87,562 |
) |
|
|
(900,332 |
) |
|
|
(451,231 |
) |
Drilling and development capital expenditures |
|
|
(464,407 |
) |
|
|
(196,163 |
) |
|
|
(79,376 |
) |
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,420 |
|
Proceeds from sale of oil and gas properties |
|
|
24,390 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,000 |
|
Equity Oil Company cash paid in excess of cash received |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(256 |
) |
Acquisition of partnership interests, net of cash acquired of $26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30,433 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(527,579 |
) |
|
|
(1,126,928 |
) |
|
|
(524,443 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repayments to Alliant Energy Corporation |
|
|
(3,675 |
) |
|
|
(8,242 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
277,117 |
|
|
|
239,686 |
|
Issuance of 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
148,890 |
|
Issuance of 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
216,715 |
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of 7% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
250,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of long-term debt under credit agreement |
|
|
325,000 |
|
|
|
395,000 |
|
|
|
445,800 |
|
Payments on long-term debt under credit agreement |
|
|
(205,000 |
) |
|
|
(310,000 |
) |
|
|
(484,800 |
) |
Debt issuance costs |
|
|
(253 |
) |
|
|
(15,370 |
) |
|
|
(11,174 |
) |
Tax effect from restricted stock vesting |
|
|
288 |
|
|
|
237 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
116,360 |
|
|
|
805,457 |
|
|
|
338,402 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
8,722 |
|
|
|
(51,925 |
) |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of period |
|
|
10,382 |
|
|
|
1,660 |
|
|
|
53,585 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of period |
|
$ |
10,372 |
|
|
$ |
10,382 |
|
|
$ |
1,660 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Continued) |
65
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DISCLOSURES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for income taxes |
|
$ |
12,063 |
|
|
$ |
10,620 |
|
|
$ |
4,479 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for interest |
|
$ |
69,591 |
|
|
$ |
26,113 |
|
|
$ |
11,222 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NONCASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Increase) decrease in accrued capital expenditures |
|
$ |
9,417 |
|
|
$ |
(27,432 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,412 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NONCASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assumption of debt Equity Oil Company merger |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
29,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common stock Equity Oil Company merger |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
43,298 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common stock North Ward Estes acquisition |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
17,175 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Concluded) |
66
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
Other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
|
Paid-in |
|
|
Comprehensive |
|
|
Deferred |
|
|
Retained |
|
|
Stockholders |
|
|
Comprehensive |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Capital |
|
|
Income (Loss) |
|
|
Compensation |
|
|
Earnings |
|
|
Equity |
|
|
Income |
|
BALANCES-January 1, 2004 |
|
|
18,750 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
170,367 |
|
|
$ |
(223 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
89,415 |
|
|
$ |
259,578 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
70,046 |
|
|
|
70,046 |
|
|
$ |
70,046 |
|
Change in fair value of
marketable securities for
sale |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,741 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,741 |
|
|
|
3,741 |
|
Realized gain on
marketable securities for
sale |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,835 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,835 |
) |
|
|
(4,835 |
) |
Change in derivative fair
values, net of taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,701 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,701 |
) |
|
|
(2,701 |
) |
Realized loss on settled
derivative contracts, net
of related taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,993 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,993 |
|
|
|
2,993 |
|
Issuance of stock
Equity Oil Company |
|
|
2,237 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
43,296 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43,298 |
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of stock
secondary offering |
|
|
8,625 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
239,677 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
239,686 |
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock issued |
|
|
113 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,459 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,459 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock forfeited |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(164 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
164 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred
compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
580 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
580 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BALANCES-December 31, 2004 |
|
|
29,718 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
455,635 |
|
|
|
(1,025 |
) |
|
|
(1,715 |
) |
|
|
159,461 |
|
|
|
612,386 |
|
|
$ |
69,244 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
121,922 |
|
|
|
121,922 |
|
|
|
121,922 |
|
Change in derivative fair
values, net of taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(54,089 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(54,089 |
) |
|
|
(54,089 |
) |
Realized loss on settled
derivative contracts, net
of related taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,494 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,494 |
|
|
|
20,494 |
|
Restricted stock issued |
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,407 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,407 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock forfeited |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(230 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
230 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock used for
tax withholdings |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(241 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(241 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Tax effect from restricted
stock vesting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
237 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
237 |
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of stock
secondary offering |
|
|
6,612 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
277,110 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
277,117 |
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of stock North
Ward Estes acquisition |
|
|
442 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,175 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,175 |
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred
compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,861 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,861 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BALANCES-December 31, 2005 |
|
|
36,842 |
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
753,093 |
|
|
|
(34,620 |
) |
|
|
(2,031 |
) |
|
|
281,383 |
|
|
|
997,862 |
|
|
$ |
88,327 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
156,364 |
|
|
|
156,364 |
|
|
|
156,364 |
|
Change in derivative fair
values, net of taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,140 |
|
|
|
24,140 |
|
Realized loss on settled
derivative contracts, net
of related taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,578 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,578 |
|
|
|
4,578 |
|
Restricted stock issued |
|
|
126 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock forfeited |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock used for
tax withholdings |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(440 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(440 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Tax effect from restricted
stock vesting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
288 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
288 |
|
|
|
|
|
Adoption of SFAS 123R |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,122 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,031 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(91 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,969 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,969 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BALANCES-December 31, 2006 |
|
|
36,948 |
|
|
$ |
37 |
|
|
$ |
754,788 |
|
|
$ |
(5,902 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
437,747 |
|
|
$ |
1,186,670 |
|
|
$ |
185,082 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
67
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
|
|
|
Description of OperationsWhiting Petroleum Corporation (Whiting or the Company), a
Delaware corporation, is an independent oil and gas company that acquires, exploits,
develops and explores for crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids primarily in the
Permian Basin, Rocky Mountains, Mid-Continent, Gulf Coast and Michigan regions of the United
States. |
|
|
|
Basis of Presentation of Consolidated Financial StatementsThe consolidated financial
statements include the accounts of Whiting and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly
owned, together with its pro rata share of the assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of
limited partnerships in which Whiting was the sole general partner. In June 2005, Whiting
increased its ownership interest to 100% in limited partnerships where it was the sole
general partner and subsequently liquidated them. Investments in entities which give
Whiting significant influence, but not control, over the investee are accounted for using
the equity method. Under the equity method, investments are stated at cost plus the
Companys equity in undistributed earning and losses. All significant intercompany balances
and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
|
|
|
Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Items subject to such estimates and assumptions
include (1) oil and gas reserves; (2) cash flow estimates used in impairment tests of
long-lived assets; (3) depreciation, depletion and amortization; (4) asset retirement
obligations; (5) assigning fair value and allocating purchase price in connection with
business combinations; (6) income taxes; (7) Production Participation Plan and other accrued
liabilities; (8) valuation of derivative instruments; and (9) accrued revenue and related
receivable. Although management believes these estimates are reasonable, actual results
could differ from these estimates. |
|
|
|
Cash and Cash EquivalentsCash equivalents consist of demand deposits and highly liquid
investments which have an original maturity of three months or less. |
|
|
|
Accounts Receivable TradeWhitings accounts receivable trade consists mainly of
receivables from oil and gas purchasers and joint interest owners on properties the Company
operates. For receivables from joint interest owners, Whiting may have the ability to
withhold future revenue disbursements to recover any non-payment of joint interest billings.
Generally, the Companys oil and gas receivables are collected within two months, and to
date, the Company has had minimal bad debts. |
|
|
|
The Company routinely assesses the recoverability of all material trade and other
receivables to determine their collectibility. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company
had an allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively. |
|
|
|
InventoriesMaterials and supplies inventories consist primarily of tubular goods and
production equipment, stated at the lower of weighted-average cost or market. Materials and
supplies are |
68
|
|
included in other property and equipment. Oil inventory in tanks is carried at the lower of
the estimated cost to produce or market value and is included in prepaid expenses and other. |
Marketable SecuritiesInvestments in marketable securities are classified as
held-to-maturity, trading securities or available-for-sale. Trading and available-for-sale
securities are recorded at estimated market value. Realized gains or losses for both classes
of equity investments are determined on a specific identification basis and are included in
income. Unrealized gains or losses of available-for-sale securities are excluded from
earnings and reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
The Company owned equity investments in publicly traded securities classified as
available-for-sale (included in other long term-assets) with an original cost to the Company
of $0.6 million. During 2004, the Company sold all of its holdings for $5.4 million,
realizing a gain on sale of $4.8 million.
Oil and Gas Properties
Proved. The Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas
properties. Under this method of accounting, all property acquisition costs and development
costs are capitalized when incurred and depleted on a unit-of-production basis over the
remaining life of proved reserves and proved developed reserves, respectively. Costs of
drilling exploratory wells are initially capitalized, but are charged to expense if the well
is determined to be unsuccessful.
The Company assesses its proved oil and gas properties for impairment whenever events or
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. The
impairment test compares undiscounted future net cash flows to the assets net book value.
If the net capitalized costs exceed future net cash flows, then the cost of the property is
written down to fair value. Fair value for oil and gas properties is generally determined
based on discounted future net cash flows. Impairment expense for proved properties is
reported in exploration and impairment expense.
Net carrying values of retired, sold or abandoned properties that constitute less than a
complete unit of depreciable property are charged or credited, net of proceeds, to
accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization unless doing so significantly affects
the unit-of-production amortization rate, in which case a gain or loss is recognized in
income. Gains or losses from the disposal of complete units of depreciable property are
recognized in income.
Interest cost is capitalized as a component of property cost for exploration and development
projects that require greater than six months to be readied for their intended use. During
2006, the Company capitalized $0.6 million of interest. During 2005 and 2004, capitalized
interest costs were insignificant.
Unproved. Unproved properties consist of costs incurred to acquire undeveloped leases as
well as costs to acquire unproved reserves. Undeveloped lease costs and unproved reserve
acquisition costs are capitalized, and individually insignificant unproved properties are
amortized on a composite basis, based on past success, experience and average lease-term
lives. The Company evaluates significant unproved properties for impairment based on time,
drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop
acreage. Unamortized lease acquisition costs related to successful exploratory drilling are
reclassified to proved properties and depleted on a unit-of-production basis. As unproved
reserves are developed and proven, the associated costs are likewise reclassified to proved
properties and depleted on a unit-of-production basis. Impairment expense for unproved
properties is reported in exploration and impairment expense.
69
Exploratory. Geological and geophysical costs, including exploratory seismic studies, and
the costs of carrying and retaining unproved acreage are expensed as incurred. Costs of
seismic studies that are utilized in development drilling within an area of proved reserves
are capitalized as development costs. Amounts of seismic costs capitalized are based on
only those blocks of data used in determining development well locations. To the extent
that a seismic project covers areas of both proved and unproved reserves, those seismic
costs are proportionately allocated between development and exploration costs.
Costs of drilling exploratory wells are initially capitalized, pending determination of
whether the well has found proved reserves. If an exploratory well has not found proved
reserves, the costs of drilling the well and other associated costs are charged to expense.
Cost incurred for exploratory wells that find reserves that cannot yet be classified as
proved continue to be capitalized if (a) the well has found a sufficient quantity of
reserves to justify completion as a producing well and (b) the Company is making sufficient
progress assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project. If
either condition is not met, or if the Company obtains information that raises substantial
doubt about the economic or operational viability of the project, the exploratory well
costs, net of any salvage value, are expensed.
Other Property and Equipment. Other property and equipment, consisting mainly of an oil
pipeline, furniture and fixtures, leasehold improvements, and automobiles, are stated at
cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which
range from 4 to 33 years. Also included in other property and equipment are material and
supplies inventories which are not depreciated.
Debt Issuance CostsDebt issuance costs related to Senior Subordinated Notes are amortized
to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the related debt.
Debt issuance costs related to the credit facility are amortized to interest expense on a
straight-line basis.
Asset Retirement Obligations and Environmental CostsAsset retirement obligations relate to
future costs associated with plugging and abandonment of oil and gas wells, removal of
equipment and facilities from leased acreage and returning such land to its original
condition. The fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation is recorded in
the period in which it is incurred (typically when the asset is installed at the production
location), and the cost of such liability increases the carrying amount of the related
long-lived asset by same amount. The liability is accreted each period through charges to
depreciation, depletion and amortization expense and the capitalized cost is depleted on a
units-of-production basis over the proved developed reserves of the related asset. Revisions
to estimated retirement obligations result in adjustments to the related capitalized asset
and corresponding liability.
Liabilities for environmental costs are recorded on an undiscounted basis when it is
probable that obligations have been incurred and the amounts can be reasonably estimated.
These liabilities are not reduced by possible recoveries from third parties.
Derivative Instruments The Company enters into derivative contracts, primarily costless
collars, to hedge future oil and gas production in order to mitigate the risk of market
price fluctuations. The Company also enters into derivative contracts to mitigate the risk
of interest rate fluctuations. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for
speculative or trading purposes.
All derivative instruments, other than those that meet the normal purchase and sales
exceptions, are recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at
fair value. Changes in fair value are recognized currently in earnings unless specific
hedge accounting criteria are met. Hedge
70
accounting treatment allows unrealized gains and losses on effective cash flow hedges to be
deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged transactions
occur. Realized gains and losses on cash flow hedges are transferred from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss) and recognized in earnings as loss on oil and natural gas
hedging activities. Realized gains and losses on interest hedge derivatives are recorded as
adjustments to interest expense. Gains and losses from the change in the fair value of
derivative instruments that do not qualify as a hedge or is not designated as a hedge, as
well as the ineffective portion of hedge derivatives, if any, are reported in the
consolidated statements of income. Derivative settlements are included in cash flows from
operating activities.
The Company has formally documented all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged
items, as well as the risk management objectives and strategy for undertaking the hedge.
This process includes specific identification of the hedging instrument and the hedged item,
the nature of the risk being hedged and the manner in which the hedging instruments
effectiveness will be assessed.
To designate a derivative as a cash flow hedge, the Company documents at the hedges
inception its assessment as to whether the derivative will be highly effective in offsetting
expected changes in cash flows from the item hedged. This assessment, which is updated at
least quarterly, is generally based on the most recent relevant historical correlation
between the derivative and the item hedged. The ineffective portion of the hedge, if any, is
calculated as the difference between the change in fair value of the derivative and the
estimated change in cash flows from the item hedged. If, during the derivatives term, the
Company determines the hedge is no longer highly effective, hedge accounting is
prospectively discontinued and any remaining unrealized gains or losses on the effective
portion of the derivative are reclassified to earnings when the underlying transaction
occurs. If it is determined that the designated hedge transaction is not likely to occur,
any unrealized gains or losses are recognized immediately in the consolidated statements of
income as a derivative fair value gain or loss.
Revenue RecognitionOil and gas revenues are recognized when production is sold to a
purchaser at a fixed or determinable price, when delivery has occurred and title has
transferred, and if the collectibility of the revenue is probable. Revenues from the
production of gas properties in which the Company has an interest with other producers are
recognized on the basis of the Companys net working interest (entitlement method). Net
deliveries in excess of entitled amounts are recorded as liabilities, while net under
deliveries are reflected as receivables. Gas imbalance receivables or payables are valued at
the lowest of (i) the current market price; (ii) the price in effect at the time of
production; or (iii) the contract price, if a contract is in hand. As of December 31, 2006,
2005 and 2004, the Company was in an (over) under produced imbalance position of (273,000)
Mcf, (162,000) Mcf and 339,000 Mcf, respectively.
General and Administrative ExpensesGeneral and administrative expenses are reported net of
reimbursements of overhead costs that are allocated to working interest owners of the oil
and gas properties operated by Whiting.
Maintenance and RepairsMaintenance and repair costs which do not extend the useful lives
of property and equipment are charged to expense as incurred. Major replacements, renewals
and betterments are capitalized.
Income TaxesIncome taxes are provided based on earnings reported for tax return purposes
in addition to a provision for deferred income taxes. Deferred income taxes are accounted
for using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are
determined by applying
71
the enacted statutory tax rates in effect at the end of a reporting period to the cumulative
temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported
amounts in the Companys financial statements. The effect on deferred taxes for a change in
tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A
valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is established when it is more likely than not
that the benefit from the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
Earnings Per ShareBasic net income per common share of stock is calculated by dividing net
income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each year. Diluted
net income per common share of stock is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted
average number of common shares and other dilutive securities outstanding. The only
securities considered dilutive are the Companys unvested restricted stock awards.
Industry Segment and Geographic Information The Company has evaluated how it is organized
and managed and identified only one operating segment, which is the exploration and
production of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids. The Company considers its
gathering, processing and marketing functions as ancillary to its oil and gas producing
activities. All of the Companys operations and assets are located in the United States,
and substantially all of its revenues are attributable to United States customers.
Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsThe Company has included fair value information in
these notes when the fair value of our financial instruments is materially different from
their book value. Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and payable are carried at
cost, which approximates their fair value because of the short-term maturity of these
instruments. The credit agreement has a recorded value that approximates its fair value
since its variable interest rate is tied to current market rates. The Companys interest
rate swap and the related hedged portion of its Senior Subordinated Notes are recorded at
fair value, as are derivative financial instruments, which are reported on the balance sheet
at fair market value.
Concentration of Credit RiskWhiting is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonpayment
by counterparties, a significant portion of which are concentrated in energy related
industries. The creditworthiness of customers and other counterparties is subject to
continuing review, including the use of master netting agreements, where appropriate.
During 2006, sales to Plains Marketing LP and Valero Energy Corporation accounted for 16%
and 12%, respectively, of the Companys total oil and gas production revenue. During 2005,
sales to Teppco Crude Oil LLC accounted for 10% of the Companys total oil and gas
production revenue. In 2004, no single customer was responsible for generating 10% or more
of the Companys total oil and gas sales.
ReclassificationsCertain reclassifications have been made to prior years reported amounts
in order to conform to the current year presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact
on net income, stockholders equity or cash flows previously reported.
Change in Accounting PrincipleIn December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards
Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123R). This Statement is
a revision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS 123), and
supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees (APB 25), and its related implementation guidance. SFAS 123R requires a company
to measure the grant date fair value of equity awards given to employees in exchange for
services and recognize that cost, less estimated forfeitures, over the period that such
services are performed. The Company adopted SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006 using the modified
prospective transition method.
72
Prior to adopting SFAS 123R, the Company accounted for stock-based compensation under SFAS
123, whereby the Companys policy was to recognize actual forfeitures of restricted stock
only when they occurred rather than estimate them at the grant date and subsequently true-up
estimated forfeitures to actuals. SFAS 123R requires companies to include forfeitures as
part of the grant date estimate of compensation cost. Under the modified prospective method
of adopting SFAS 123R, compensation cost recognized for 2006 includes (a) compensation cost
for all restricted stock awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1, 2006,
based on the grant date fair value, less estimated forfeitures, and (b) compensation cost
for all share-based payments granted and vested subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the
grant date fair value, less estimated forfeitures. A cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle to recognize the impact of including forfeitures, as part of the grant
date estimate of compensation cost for all restricted stock awards granted prior to January
1, 2006, resulted in an insignificant credit to income in 2006. In accordance with the
modified prospective method, prior period results have not been restated.
For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company recognized share-based compensation costs
of $3.4 million in general and administrative expenses and $0.6 million in exploration
expenses in the Companys consolidated statement of income. The Company did not capitalize
any share-based compensation costs for the year ended December 31, 2006.
The adoption of SFAS 123R had a minimal impact on the Companys income before income taxes
and net income, and had no effect on basic or diluted earnings per share in 2006, as
presented in the Companys consolidated statements of income.
Under the provisions of SFAS 123R, the recognition of deferred compensation at the date
restricted stock is granted is no longer required. Therefore, in the first quarter of 2006,
the amount that had been previously recorded as Deferred compensation in the Companys
consolidated balance sheets was reversed in its entirety to additional paid-in capital.
In addition, the adoption of SFAS 123R required that the Company classify certain tax
benefits obtained upon restricted stock vesting, which result from tax deductions in excess
of compensation cost recognized for book purposes, as financing cash flows rather than
operating cash flows. The Company recognized $0.3 million in income tax benefits relating to
share-based compensation for the year ended December 31, 2006.
In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin
No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements
in Current Year Financial Statements (SAB 108). The adoption of SAB 108 did not have a
material impact on the Companys consolidated financial position or results of operations.
SAB 108 provides interpretive guidance on the consideration of the effects of prior year
misstatements in quantifying current year misstatements for the purpose of a materiality
assessment. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal years ending on or after November 15, 2006 and
provides for a one-time transitional cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained
earnings as of January 1, 2006 for errors that were not previously deemed material, but are
material under the guidance in SAB 108.
New Accounting PronouncementsIn June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48,
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (FIN 48). The Company is
currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of FIN 48 will have on its consolidated
financial statements and has not yet determined whether or not the adoption will have a
material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations. The
interpretation creates a single model to address accounting for uncertainty in tax
positions. Specifically, the pronouncement prescribes a recognition threshold and a
73
measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax
position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation also provides
guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim
periods, disclosure and transition of certain tax positions. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2006.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157).
The adoption of SFAS 157 is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys
consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, additional disclosures
may be required about the information used to develop the measurements. SFAS 157
establishes a single authoritative definition of fair value, sets out a framework for
measuring fair value and requires additional disclosures about fair value measurements.
This Standard requires companies to disclose the fair value of their financial instruments
according to a fair value hierarchy. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value
measurements, but will remove inconsistencies in fair value measurements between various
accounting pronouncements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years.
2. |
|
ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES |
2006 Acquisitions
Utah Hingeline. On August 29, 2006, Whiting acquired a 15% working interest in
approximately 170,000 acres of unproved properties in the central Utah Hingeline play for
$25.0 million. No producing properties or proved reserves were associated with this
acquisition. As part of this transaction, the operator will pay 100% of Whitings drilling
and completion costs for the first three wells in the project.
Michigan Properties. On August 15, 2006, Whiting acquired 65 producing properties, a
gathering line, gas processing plant and 30,437 net acres of leasehold held by production in
Michigan. The purchase price was $26.0 million for estimated proved reserves of 1.4 MMBOE
as of the acquisition effective date of May 1, 2006, resulting in a cost of $18.55 per BOE
of estimated proved reserves. Proved developed reserve quantities represented 99% of the
total proved reserves acquired. The average daily production from the properties was 0.6
MBOE/d as of the acquisition effective date. The Company operates 85% of the acquired
properties.
Oil Pipeline and Gathering System. On June 1, 2006, Whiting acquired the Postle field oil
gathering system and oil transportation line extending 13 miles from the eastern side of the
Postle field to a connection point with an interstate oil pipeline in Hooker, Oklahoma.
Whiting purchased the oil gathering system and pipeline for $5.3 million.
The Company funded its 2006 acquisitions with cash on hand as well as through borrowings
under its credit agreement.
2006 Divestitures
During 2006, the Company sold its interests in several non-core properties for an aggregate
amount of $24.4 million in cash for total estimated proved reserves of 1.4 MMBOE as of the
divestitures effective dates. The divested properties included interests in the Cessford
field in Alberta, Canada; Permian Basin of West Texas and New Mexico; and the Ashley Valley
field in Uintah County, Utah. The average net production from the divested property
interests was 0.4 MBOE/d as of the dates of disposition, and we recognized a pre-tax gain on
sale of $12.1 million related to these divestitures.
74
2005 Acquisitions
North Ward Estes and Ancillary PropertiesOn October 4, 2005, the Company acquired the
operated interest in the North Ward Estes field in Ward and Winkler counties, Texas, and
certain smaller fields located in the Permian Basin. The purchase price was $459.2 million,
consisting of $442.0 million in cash and 441,500 shares of the Companys common stock, for
estimated proved reserves of 82.1 MMBOE as of the acquisition effective date of July 1,
2005, resulting in a cost of $5.58 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved developed
reserve quantities represented 36% of the total proved reserves acquired. The average daily
production from the properties was 4.6 MBOE/d as of the acquisition effective date. The
Company funded the cash portion of the purchase price with the net proceeds from the
Companys public offering of common stock and private placement of 7% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2014.
Postle FieldOn August 4, 2005, the Company acquired the operated interest in producing oil
and gas fields located in the Oklahoma Panhandle. The purchase price was $343.0 million for
estimated proved reserves of 40.3 MMBOE as of the acquisition effective date of July 1,
2005, resulting in a cost of $8.52 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved developed
reserve quantities represented 57% of the total proved reserves acquired. The average daily
production from the properties was 4.2 MBOE/d as of the acquisition effective date. The
Company funded the acquisition through borrowings under Whiting Oil and Gas credit
agreement.
Limited Partnership InterestsOn June 23, 2005, the Company acquired all of the limited
partnership interests in three institutional partnerships managed by its wholly-owned
subsidiary, Whiting Programs, Inc. The partnership properties are located in Louisiana,
Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma and Wyoming. The purchase price was $30.5 million for estimated
proved reserves of 2.9 MMBOE as of the acquisition effective date of January 1, 2005,
resulting in a cost of $10.52 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved developed
reserve quantities represented 99% of the total proved reserves acquired. The average daily
production from the properties was 0.7 MBOE/d as of the acquisition effective date. The
Company funded the acquisition with cash on hand.
Green River BasinOn March 31, 2005, the Company acquired operated interests in five
producing natural gas fields in the Green River Basin of Wyoming. The purchase price was
$65.0 million for estimated proved reserves of 8.4 MMBOE as of the acquisition effective
date of March 1, 2005, resulting in a cost of $7.74 per BOE of estimated proved reserves.
Proved developed reserve quantities represented 68% of the total proved reserves acquired.
The average daily production from the properties was 1.1 MBOE/d as of the acquisition
effective date. The Company funded the acquisition through borrowings under Whiting Oil and
Gas credit agreement and with cash on hand.
As these acquisitions were recorded using the purchase method of accounting, the results of
operations from the acquisitions are included with the Companys results from the respective
acquisition dates noted above. The table below summarizes the allocation of the purchase
price for each 2005 purchase transaction based on the acquisition date fair values of the
assets acquired and the liabilities assumed (in thousands).
75
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Ward Estes and |
|
|
All Other |
|
|
|
Postle Field |
|
|
Ancillary |
|
|
Acquisitions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Price: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid, net of cash acquired |
|
$ |
343,000 |
|
|
$ |
442,000 |
|
|
$ |
95,433 |
|
Common stock issued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,175 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
343,000 |
|
|
$ |
459,175 |
|
|
$ |
95,433 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allocation of Purchase Price: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working capital |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
2,096 |
|
Oil and gas properties |
|
|
343,513 |
|
|
|
463,340 |
|
|
|
95,832 |
|
Other long-term assets |
|
|
243 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other non-current liabilities |
|
|
(756 |
) |
|
|
(4,165 |
) |
|
|
(2,495 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
343,000 |
|
|
$ |
459,175 |
|
|
$ |
95,433 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2004 Acquisitions
Permian Basin PropertiesOn September 23, 2004, the Company acquired interests in seventeen
fields in the Permian Basin of West Texas and Southeast New Mexico, including interests in
key fields such as Parkway field in Eddy County, New Mexico; Would Have and Signal Peak
fields in Howard County, Texas; Keystone field in Winkler County, Texas; and the DEB field
in Gaines County, Texas. The purchase price was $345.0 million in cash and was funded
through borrowings under the Companys bank credit agreement. Based on the purchase price
and estimated proved reserves of 41.9 MMBOE on the effective date of the acquisition, the
Company acquired these properties for $8.22 per BOE of proved reserves. Proved developed
reserve quantities represented 59% of the total proved reserves acquired.
Equity Oil Company The Company acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of Equity Oil
Company on July 20, 2004. In the merger, the Company issued 2.2 million shares of its common
stock to Equitys shareholders and repaid all of Equitys outstanding debt of $29.0 million
under its credit facility. Equitys operations are focused primarily in California,
Colorado, North Dakota and Wyoming. Based on the purchase price of $72.6 million and
estimated proved reserves of 14.6 MMBOE on the effective date of the acquisition, the
Company acquired these properties for $4.98 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved
developed reserve quantities represented 79% of the total proved reserves acquired.
Other Cash Acquisitions of Properties
Colorado and Wyoming PropertiesOn August 13, 2004, the Company acquired interests in four
producing oil and natural gas fields in Colorado and Wyoming. The purchase price was $44.2
million in cash and was funded under the Companys bank credit agreement. Based on the
purchase price of $44.2 million and estimated proved reserves of 6.6 MMBOE on the effective
date of the acquisition, the Company acquired these properties for $6.66 per BOE of
estimated proved reserves. Proved developed reserve quantities represented 82% of the total
proved reserves acquired.
Louisiana and South Texas PropertiesOn August 16, 2004, the Company acquired interests in
five fields in Louisiana and South Texas. The purchase price was $19.3 million in cash and
was funded under the Companys bank credit agreement. Based on the purchase price of $19.3
million and estimated proved reserves of 2.0 MMBOE on the effective date of the acquisition,
the Company acquired these properties for $9.66 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved
developed reserve quantities represented 63% of the total proved reserves acquired.
76
Wyoming and Utah PropertiesOn September 30, 2004, the Company acquired interests in
three operated fields in Wyoming and Utah. The purchase price was $35.0 million in cash and
was funded under the Companys bank credit agreement. Based on the purchase price of $35.0
million and estimated proved reserves of 5.1 MMBOE on the effective date of the acquisition,
the Company acquired these properties for $6.84 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved
developed reserve quantities represented 92% of the total proved reserves acquired.
Mississippi PropertiesOn November 3, 2004, the Company acquired an interest in the Lake
Como field in Mississippi. The purchase price was $12.0 million in cash and was funded
under the Companys bank credit agreement. Based on the purchase price of $12.0 million and
estimated proved reserves of 1.8 MMBOE on the effective date of the acquisition, the Company
acquired these properties for $6.78 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved developed
reserve quantities represented 86% of the total proved reserves acquired.
Additional Permian Basin InterestOn December 31, 2004, the Company acquired an additional
working interest in the Would Have field in Texas. The purchase price was $7.0 million in
cash and was funded under the Companys bank credit agreement. Based on the purchase price
and estimated proved reserves of 0.7 MBOE on the effective date of the acquisition, the
Company acquired these properties for $10.32 per BOE of estimated proved reserves. Proved
developed reserve quantities represented 17% of the total proved reserves acquired.
As these acquisitions were recorded using the purchase method of accounting, the results of
operations from the acquisitions are included with the Companys results from the respective
acquisition dates noted above. The table below summarizes the allocation of the purchase
price for each 2004 purchase transaction based on the acquisition date fair values of the
assets acquired and the liabilities assumed (in thousands).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Cash |
|
|
|
Permian Basin |
|
|
Equity Oil |
|
|
Acquisitions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Price: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid, net of cash received |
|
$ |
345,000 |
|
|
$ |
256 |
|
|
$ |
117,500 |
|
Debt assumed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
29,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock issued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
43,298 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
345,000 |
|
|
$ |
72,554 |
|
|
$ |
117,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allocation of Purchase Price: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working capital |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
3,277 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Oil and gas properties |
|
|
345,000 |
|
|
|
83,205 |
|
|
|
117,500 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11,075 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Other non-current liabilities, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,853 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
345,000 |
|
|
$ |
72,554 |
|
|
$ |
117,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Each of the business combinations completed during the past three years consisted of
oil and gas properties or companies with oil and gas interests. The consideration paid to
acquire these properties or companies was entirely allocated to the fair value of the assets
acquired and liabilities assumed at the time of purchase, with no consideration being
allocated to goodwill.
Acquisition Pro Forma
Pro forma effects of 2006 acquisitions were insignificant to the Companys 2006 results of
operations. The following table reflects the pro forma results of operations for the year
ended
77
December 31, 2005 as though the above 2005 acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 2005.
The pro forma results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2004 reflects all of the
above acquisitions as though they had occurred on January 1, 2004. The pro forma
information includes numerous assumptions and is not necessarily indicative of future
results of operations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
|
As Reported |
|
Pro Forma |
|
As Reported |
|
Pro Forma |
|
|
(In thousands, except per common share data) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues and other income |
|
$ |
540,448 |
|
|
$ |
652,634 |
|
|
$ |
282,140 |
|
|
$ |
501,586 |
|
Net income |
|
|
121,922 |
|
|
|
155,462 |
|
|
|
70,046 |
|
|
|
106,063 |
|
Net income per common share, basic |
|
|
3.89 |
|
|
|
4.05 |
|
|
|
3.38 |
|
|
|
3.82 |
|
Net income per common share,
diluted |
|
|
3.88 |
|
|
|
4.04 |
|
|
|
3.38 |
|
|
|
3.81 |
|
Long-term debt consisted of the following at December 31, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit agreement |
|
$ |
380,000 |
|
|
$ |
260,000 |
|
7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012, net of
unamortized debt discount of $687 and $848,
respectively |
|
|
147,820 |
|
|
|
148,014 |
|
7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013, net of
unamortized debt discount of $2,424 and $2,916,
respectively |
|
|
217,576 |
|
|
|
217,084 |
|
7% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014 |
|
|
250,000 |
|
|
|
250,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total debt |
|
$ |
995,396 |
|
|
$ |
875,098 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit AgreementThe Companys wholly-owned subsidiary, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation
(Whiting Oil and Gas) has a $1.2 billion credit agreement with a syndicate of banks that,
as of December 31, 2006, had a borrowing base of $875.0 million. The borrowing base under
the credit agreement is determined at the discretion of the lenders based on the collateral
value of the proved reserves that have been mortgaged to the lenders, and is subject to
regular redeterminations on May 1 and November 1 of each year as well as special
redeterminations described in the credit agreement. As of December 31, 2006, the outstanding
principal balance under the credit agreement was $380.0 million.
The credit agreement provides for interest only payments until August 31, 2010, when the
entire amount borrowed is due. Whiting Oil and Gas may, throughout the five-year term of
the credit agreement, borrow, repay and reborrow up to the borrowing base in effect from
time to time. The lenders under the credit agreement have also committed to issue letters
of credit for the account of Whiting Oil and Gas or other designated subsidiaries of the
Company from time to time in an
78
aggregate amount not to exceed $50.0 million. As of December 31, 2006, letters of credit
totaling $0.3 million were outstanding under the credit agreement.
Interest accrues, at Whiting Oil and Gas option, at either (1) the base rate plus a margin
where the base rate is defined as the higher of the prime rate or the federal funds rate
plus 0.5% and the margin varies from 0% to 0.5% depending on the utilization percentage of
the borrowing base, or (2) at the LIBOR rate plus a margin where the margin varies from
1.00% to 1.75% depending on the utilization percentage of the borrowing base. Whiting Oil
and Gas has consistently chosen the LIBOR rate option since it delivers the lowest effective
interest rate. Commitment fees of 0.25% to 0.375% accrue on the unused portion of the
borrowing base, depending on the utilization percentage and are included as a component of
interest expense. At December 31, 2006, the weighted average interest rate on the entire
outstanding principal balance under the credit agreement was 6.5%.
The credit agreement contains restrictive covenants that may limit the Companys ability to,
among other things, pay cash dividends, incur additional indebtedness, sell assets, make
loans to others, make investments, enter into mergers, enter into hedging contracts, change
material agreements, incur liens and engage in certain other transactions without the prior
consent of the lenders and requires the Company to maintain a debt to EBITDAX (as defined in
the credit agreement) ratio of less than 3.5 to 1 and a working capital ratio (as defined in
the credit agreement) of greater than 1 to 1. Except for limited exceptions, including the
payment of interest on the senior notes, the credit agreement restricts the ability of
Whiting Oil and Gas and Whiting Petroleum Corporations wholly-owned subsidiary, Equity Oil
Company, to make any dividends, distributions, principal payments on senior notes, or other
payments to the Company. The restrictions apply to all of the net assets of these
subsidiaries. The Company was in compliance with its covenants under the credit agreement
as of December 31, 2006. The credit agreement is secured by a first lien on all of Whiting
Oil and Gas properties included in the borrowing base for the credit agreement. Whiting
Petroleum Corporation and Equity Oil Company have guaranteed the obligations of Whiting Oil
and Gas under the credit agreement. Whiting Petroleum Corporation has pledged the stock of
Whiting Oil and Gas and Equity Oil Company as security for its guarantee and Equity Oil
Company has mortgaged all of its properties included in the borrowing base for the credit
agreement as security for its guarantee.
Senior Subordinated Notes In October 2005, the Company issued $250.0 million of 7% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2014 at par. The estimated fair value of the Notes was $248.4
million as of December 31, 2006.
In April 2005, the Company issued $220.0 million of 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due
2013. The Notes were issued at 98.507% of par and the associated discount of $3.3 million
is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the notes yielding an effective
interest rate of 7.5%. The estimated fair value of the Notes was $219.7 million as of
December 31, 2006.
In May 2004, the Company issued $150.0 million of 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012.
The Notes were issued at 99.26% of par and the associated discount of $1.1 million is being
amortized to interest expense over the term of the notes yielding an effective interest rate
of 7.4%. The estimated fair value of the Notes was $149.8 million as of December 31, 2006.
The notes are unsecured obligations of the Company and are subordinated to all of the
Companys senior debt, which currently consists of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement. The indentures governing the notes contain various restrictive covenants that
are substantially identical and may limit the Companys and its subsidiaries ability to,
among other things, pay cash dividends, redeem or repurchase the Companys capital stock or
the Companys subordinated debt, make investments, incur additional indebtedness or issue
preferred stock, sell assets, consolidate, merge or
79
transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its restricted
subsidiaries taken as a whole, and enter into hedging contracts. These covenants may
potentially limit the discretion of the Companys management in certain respects. In
addition, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement restricts the ability of the
Companys subsidiaries to make certain payments, including principal on the notes, to the
Company. The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2006. Three
of the Companys wholly-owned operating subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and Gas, Whiting Programs,
Inc. and Equity Oil Company (the Guarantors), have fully, unconditionally, jointly and
severally guaranteed the Companys obligations under the notes. The Company does not have
any subsidiaries other than the Guarantors, minor or otherwise, within the meaning of Rule
3-10(h)(6) of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Interest Rate SwapIn August 2004, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract
to hedge the fair value of $75.0 million of its 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012.
Because this swap meets the conditions to qualify for the short cut method of assessing
effectiveness, the change in fair value of the debt is assumed to equal the change in the
fair value of the interest rate swap. As such, there is no ineffectiveness assumed to exist
between the interest rate swap and the notes.
The interest rate swap is a fixed for floating swap in that the Company receives the fixed
rate of 7.25% and pays the floating rate. The floating rate is redetermined every six
months based on the LIBOR rate in effect at the contractual reset date. When LIBOR plus the
Companys margin of 2.345% is less than 7.25%, the Company receives a payment from the
counterparty equal to the difference in rate times $75.0 million for the six month period.
When LIBOR plus the Companys margin of 2.345% is greater than 7.25%, the Company pays the
counterparty an amount equal to the difference in rate times $75.0 million for the six month
period. The LIBOR rate at December 31, 2006 was 5.4%. For the years ended December 31,
2006, 2005 and 2004, Whiting recognized realized gains (losses) of $(0.05) million, $1.5
million and $0.6 million, respectively, on the interest rate swap. As of December 31, 2006,
the Company has recorded a long-term liability of $1.5 million related to the interest rate
swap, which has been designated as a fair value hedge, with an offsetting reduction in the
fair value of the 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012.
4. |
|
ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS |
The Companys asset retirement obligations represent the estimated future costs associated
with the plugging and abandonment of oil and gas wells, removal of equipment and facilities
from leased acreage, and land restoration (including removal of certain onshore and offshore
facilities in California), in accordance with applicable state and federal laws. The Company
determines asset retirement obligations by calculating the present value of estimated cash
flows related to plug and abandonment obligations. The current portion at December 31, 2006
and 2005 is $0.6 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and is recorded in accrued
liabilities. The following table provides a reconciliation of the Companys asset retirement
obligations for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands):
80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Beginning asset retirement obligation |
|
$ |
32,246 |
|
|
$ |
31,639 |
|
Revisions in estimated cash flows |
|
|
3,719 |
|
|
|
(9,348 |
) |
Additional liability incurred |
|
|
2,260 |
|
|
|
8,086 |
|
Accretion expense |
|
|
2,288 |
|
|
|
2,364 |
|
Obligations on sold properties |
|
|
(1,432 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Liabilities settled |
|
|
(1,547 |
) |
|
|
(495 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending asset retirement obligation |
|
$ |
37,534 |
|
|
$ |
32,246 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. |
|
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS |
Whiting enters into derivative contracts, primarily costless collars, to hedge future crude
oil and natural gas production in order to mitigate the risk of market price fluctuations.
Historically, prices received for oil and gas production have been volatile because of
seasonal weather patterns, supply and demand factors, worldwide political factors and
general economic conditions. Costless collars are designed to establish floor and ceiling
prices on anticipated future oil and gas production. The Company has designated these
contracts as cash flow hedges designed to achieve a more predictable cash flow, as well as
to reduce its exposure to price volatility. While the use of these derivative instruments
limits the downside risk of adverse price movements, they may also limit future revenues
from favorable price movements. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for
speculative or trading purposes.
At December 31, 2006, accumulated other comprehensive loss consisted of $9.3 million ($5.9
million after tax) of unrealized losses, representing the mark-to-market value of the
Companys open commodity contracts, designated as cash flow hedges, as of the balance sheet
date. At December 31, 2005, accumulated other comprehensive loss consisted of $56.4 million
($34.6 million after tax) of unrealized losses, representing the mark-to-market value of the
Companys open commodity contracts, designated as cash flow hedges, as of the balance sheet
date. At December 31, 2004, accumulated other comprehensive income consisted of $1.7
million ($1.0 million after tax) of unrealized losses on the Companys open commodity hedge
derivatives.
For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, Whiting recognized realized losses of
$7.5 million, $33.4 million and $4.9 million, respectively, on commodity derivative
settlements. Based on December 31, 2006 pricing, the Company does not expect to incur any
commodity derivative settlement gains or losses during the next 12 months. The Company has
hedged 5.0 MMBbl of crude oil volumes and 4,800 Mcfe of natural gas volumes through 2007 and
1.3 MMBbl of oil and no gas through 2008.
The Company has also entered into an interest rate swap designated as a fair value hedge as
further explained in Long-Term Debt.
Common Stock Offerings In October 2005, the Company completed a public offering of
6,612,500 shares of its common stock. The offering was priced at $43.60 per share to the
public. The number of shares includes the sale of 862,500 shares pursuant to the exercise
of the underwriters over-allotment option.
81
In November 2004, the Company completed a public offering of 8,625,000 shares of its common
stock. The offering was priced at $29.02 per share to the public. The number of shares
includes the sale of 1,125,000 shares pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters
over-allotment option.
Equity Incentive Plan The Company maintains the Whiting Petroleum Corporation 2003 Equity
Incentive Plan, pursuant to which two million shares of the Companys common stock have been
reserved for issuance. No participating employee may be granted options for more than
300,000 shares of common stock, stock appreciation rights with respect to more than 300,000
shares of common stock or more than 150,000 shares of restricted stock during any calendar
year. In periods prior to January 1, 2006, the Company had granted 197,573 shares of
restricted stock under this plan, of which 16,989 shares were forfeited and 6,122 shares
were cancelled when used for employee tax withholdings. All restricted stock awards granted
to date vest ratably over three years.
The following table shows a summary of the Companys nonvested restricted stock as of
December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 as well as activity during the years then ended (share and
per share data, not presented in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
Grant Date |
|
|
|
of Shares |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock awards nonvested, January 1, 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Granted |
|
|
112,921 |
|
|
$ |
21.77 |
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(7,724 |
) |
|
$ |
21.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock awards nonvested, December 31, 2004 |
|
|
105,197 |
|
|
$ |
21.83 |
|
Granted |
|
|
84,652 |
|
|
$ |
40.26 |
|
Vested |
|
|
(28,699 |
) |
|
$ |
21.73 |
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(15,387 |
) |
|
$ |
23.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock awards nonvested, December 31, 2005 |
|
|
145,763 |
|
|
$ |
32.34 |
|
Granted |
|
|
125,999 |
|
|
$ |
43.38 |
|
Vested |
|
|
(58,409 |
) |
|
$ |
27.81 |
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(10,089 |
) |
|
$ |
37.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock awards nonvested, December 31, 2006 |
|
|
203,264 |
|
|
$ |
39.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The grant date fair value of restricted stock is determined based on the closing bid price
of the Companys common stock on the grant date. The Company uses historical data and
projections to estimate expected employee behaviors related to restricted stock forfeitures.
SFAS 123R requires that expected forfeitures be included as part of the grant date estimate
of compensation cost. Prior to adopting SFAS 123R, the Company reduced share-based
compensation expense for forfeitures only when they occurred.
As of December 31, 2006, there was $3.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost
related to unvested restricted stock granted under the stock incentive plans. That cost is
expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.
Rights Agreement On February 23, 2006, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a
dividend of one preferred share purchase right (a Right) for each outstanding share of
common stock of the Company payable to the stockholders of record on March 2, 2006. Each
Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-hundredth of a
share of Series A Junior
82
Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 par value (Preferred Shares), of the
Company, at a price of $180.00 per one one-hundredth of a Preferred Share, subject to
adjustment. If any person becomes a 15% or more stockholder of the Company, then each Right
(subject to certain limitations) will entitle its holder to purchase, at the Rights then
current exercise price, a number of shares of common stock of the Company or of the acquirer
having a market value at the time of twice the Rights per share exercise price. The
Companys Board of Directors may redeem the Rights for $.001 per Right at any time prior to
the time when the Rights become exercisable. Unless the Rights are redeemed, exchanged or
terminated earlier, they will expire on February 23, 2016.
7. |
|
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS |
Production Participation Plan The Company has a Production Participation Plan (the Plan)
in which all employees participate. On an annual basis, interests in oil and gas properties
acquired, developed or sold during the year are allocated to the Plan as determined annually
by the Compensation Committee. Once allocated, the interests (not legally conveyed) are
fixed. Interest allocations prior to 1995 consisted of 2% 3% overriding royalty interests.
Interest allocations since 1995 have been 2% 5% of oil and gas sales less lease operating
expenses and production taxes.
Payments of 100% of the years Plan interests to employees and the vested percentages of
former employees in the years Plan interests are made annually in cash after year-end.
Accrued compensation expense under the Plan for 2006, 2005 and 2004 amounted to $13.2
million, $10.2 million and $6.5 million, respectively, charged to general and administrative
expense and $2.5 million, $1.9 million and $0.6 million, respectively, charged to
exploration expense.
Pursuant to the terms of the Plan, (1) employees who terminate their employment with the
Company vest at a rate of 20% per year in future Plan year payments, which are
attributable to their interests in the income allocated to the Plan for such year; (2)
employees will become fully vested at age 65, regardless of when their interests would
otherwise vest; and (3) any forfeitures would inure to the benefit of the Company.
The Company uses average historical prices to estimate the vested long-term Production
Participation Plan liability. At December 31, 2006, the Company used five-year average
historical NYMEX prices of $46.20 for crude oil and $5.98 for natural gas to estimate this
liability. If the Company were to terminate the Plan or upon a change in control (as defined
in the Plan), all employees fully vest and the Company would distribute to each Plan
participant an amount based upon the valuation method set forth in the Plan in a lump sum
payment twelve months after the date of termination or within one month after a change in
control event. Based on prices at December 31, 2006, if the Company elected to terminate the
Plan or if a change of control event occurred, it is estimated that the fully vested lump
sum cash payment to employees would approximate $82.1 million. This amount includes $9.6
million attributable to proved undeveloped oil and gas properties and $15.7 million relating
to the short-term portion of the Production Participation Plan liability, which has been
accrued as a current payable for 2006 plan-year payments owed to employees. The ultimate sharing
contribution for proved undeveloped oil and gas properties will be awarded in the year of
Plan termination or change of control. However, the Company has no intention to terminate
the Plan. The following table presents changes in the estimated long-term liability related
to the Plan (in thousands):
83
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Beginning Production Participation Plan liability |
|
$ |
19,287 |
|
|
$ |
9,579 |
|
Change in liability for accretion, vesting and
change in estimate |
|
|
21,849 |
|
|
|
21,829 |
|
Reduction in liability for cash payments accrued
and recognized as compensation expense |
|
|
(15,693 |
) |
|
|
(12,121 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending Production Participation Plan liability |
|
$ |
25,443 |
|
|
$ |
19,287 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company records the expense associated with changes in the present value of estimated
future payments under the Plan as a separate line item in the consolidated statements of
income. The amount recorded is not allocated to general and administrative expense or
exploration expense because the adjustment of the liability is associated with the future
net cash flows from the oil and gas properties rather than current period performance. The
table below presents the estimated allocation of the change in the liability if the Company
did allocate the adjustment to these specific line items (in thousands).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative expense |
|
$ |
5,196 |
|
|
$ |
8,186 |
|
|
$ |
1,574 |
|
Exploration expense |
|
|
960 |
|
|
|
1,522 |
|
|
|
137 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
6,156 |
|
|
$ |
9,708 |
|
|
$ |
1,711 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
401(k) Plan - The Company has a defined contribution retirement plan for all employees. The
plan is funded by employee contributions and discretionary Company contributions. The
Companys contributions for 2006, 2005 and 2004 were $2.1 million, $1.2 million and $0.7
million, respectively. Employer contributions vest ratably at 20% per year over a five year
period.
Income tax expense charged to income consists of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Current income tax expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal |
|
$ |
11,576 |
|
|
$ |
5,076 |
|
|
$ |
2,805 |
|
State |
|
|
770 |
|
|
|
3,438 |
|
|
|
1,077 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current income tax expense |
|
|
12,346 |
|
|
|
8,514 |
|
|
|
3,882 |
|
Deferred income tax expense |
|
|
64,562 |
|
|
|
65,662 |
|
|
|
40,077 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
76,908 |
|
|
$ |
74,176 |
|
|
$ |
43,959 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense differed from amounts that would result from applying the U.S.
statutory income tax rate (35%) to income before income taxes as follows (in thousands):
84
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. statutory income tax expense |
|
$ |
81,645 |
|
|
$ |
68,634 |
|
|
$ |
39,902 |
|
State income taxes, net of federal benefit |
|
|
907 |
|
|
|
7,028 |
|
|
|
4,100 |
|
Tax credits |
|
|
(4,206 |
) |
|
|
(929 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Statutory depletion |
|
|
(1,245 |
) |
|
|
(434 |
) |
|
|
(53 |
) |
Enacted changes in state tax laws |
|
|
(1,295 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in valuation allowance |
|
|
1,163 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other |
|
|
(61 |
) |
|
|
(123 |
) |
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
76,908 |
|
|
$ |
74,176 |
|
|
$ |
43,959 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The principal components of the Companys deferred income tax assets and liabilities at
December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Deferred income tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production Participation Plan liability |
|
$ |
9,357 |
|
|
$ |
7,445 |
|
Derivative instruments |
|
|
3,433 |
|
|
|
21,766 |
|
Tax sharing liability |
|
|
9,993 |
|
|
|
11,129 |
|
Asset retirement obligations |
|
|
11,673 |
|
|
|
9,591 |
|
Restricted stock compensation |
|
|
1,849 |
|
|
|
1,035 |
|
Enhanced oil recovery credit carryforwards |
|
|
6,894 |
|
|
|
|
|
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards |
|
|
9,900 |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign tax credit carryforwards |
|
|
1,560 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred income tax assets |
|
|
54,659 |
|
|
|
50,966 |
|
Less valuation allowances |
|
|
(1,163 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred income tax assets |
|
|
53,496 |
|
|
|
50,966 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred income tax liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas properties |
|
|
215,488 |
|
|
|
127,337 |
|
Other |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred income tax liabilities |
|
|
215,502 |
|
|
|
127,422 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net deferred income tax liabilities |
|
$ |
162,006 |
|
|
$ |
76,456 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In 2006, the Company generated foreign tax credit carryforwards of $1.6 million, which
expire between 2024 and 2026. A valuation allowance of $1.2 million has been established
for these foreign tax credit carryforwards in order to reduce deferred tax assets to an
amount that will, more likely than not be realized.
The Company is subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT) principally due to accelerated
tax depreciation, and for 2005 and 2004, the Company paid AMT of $2.5 million and $1.5
million, respectively. During 2006, the Company recognized AMT credits of $9.9 million for
years 2004 to 2006, that are available to offset future regular federal income taxes. These
credits do not expire and can be carried forward indefinitely.
EOR credits are a credit against federal income taxes for certain costs related to
extracting high-cost oil, utilizing certain prescribed enhanced tertiary recovery methods.
At December 31, 2006, the
85
Company
has recognized $6.9 million of enhanced oil recovery credits
that are available to offset regular federal income taxes in the
future. These credits can be carried forward and will expire in 2025. Federal EOR credits are subject to phase-out according to the level of average domestic
crude prices. Due to recent high oil prices, the EOR credit was phased-out for 2006.
Net deferred income tax liabilities were classified in the consolidated balance sheets as
follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current deferred income taxes |
|
$ |
3,025 |
|
|
$ |
15,121 |
|
Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-current deferred income taxes |
|
|
165,031 |
|
|
|
91,577 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred income tax liabilities |
|
$ |
162,006 |
|
|
$ |
76,456 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9. |
|
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
Prior to Whitings initial public offering in November 2003, it was a wholly owned indirect
subsidiary of Alliant Energy Corporation (Alliant Energy), a holding company whose primary
businesses are utility companies. When the transactions discussed below were entered into,
Alliant Energy was a related party of the Company. As of December 31, 2004 and thereafter,
however, Alliant Energy was no longer a related party.
Tax Sharing LiabilityIn connection with Whitings initial public offering in November
2003, the Company entered into a tax separation and indemnification agreement with Alliant
Energy. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company and Alliant Energy made a tax election with
the effect that the tax bases of the assets of Whiting and its subsidiaries were increased
to the deemed purchase price of their assets immediately prior to such initial public
offering. Whiting has adjusted deferred taxes on its balance sheet to reflect the new tax
bases of the Companys assets. The additional bases are expected to result in increased
future income tax deductions and, accordingly, may reduce income taxes otherwise payable by
Whiting.
Under this agreement, the Company has agreed to pay to Alliant Energy 90% of the future tax
benefits the Company realizes annually as a result of this step-up in tax basis for the
years ending on or prior to December 31, 2013. Such tax benefits will generally be
calculated by comparing the Companys actual taxes to the taxes that would have been owed by
the Company had the increase in basis not occurred. In 2014, Whiting will be obligated to
pay Alliant Energy the present value of the remaining tax benefits assuming all such tax
benefits will be realized in future years. The Company has estimated total payments to
Alliant will approximate $38.6 million on an undiscounted basis, with a present value of
$25.7 million.
During 2006 and 2005, the Company made payments $3.7 million and of $5.1 million,
respectively, under this agreement and recognized accretion expense of $2.0 million and $2.7
million, respectively. The Companys estimate of payments to be made in 2007 under this
agreement of $3.6 million is reflected as a current liability at December 31, 2006.
The Tax Separation and Indemnification Agreement provides that if tax rates were to change
(increase or decrease), the tax benefit or detriment would result in a corresponding
adjustment of the
86
tax sharing liability. For purposes of this calculation, management has assumed that no
such future changes will occur during the term of this agreement.
The Company periodically evaluates its estimates and assumptions as to future payments to be
made under this agreement. If non-substantial changes (less than 10% on a present value
basis) are made to the anticipated payments owed to Alliant Energy, a new effective interest
rate is determined for this debt based on the carrying amount of the liability as of the
modification date and based on the revised payment schedule. However, if there are
substantial changes to the estimated payments owed under this agreement, then a gain or loss
is recognized in the consolidated statement of income during the period in which the
modification has been made.
Receivable from Alliant EnergyPrior to the Companys initial public offering, the Company
was included in the consolidated federal income tax return of Alliant Energy and calculated
its income tax expense on a separate return basis at Alliant Energys effective tax rate
less any research or Section 29 tax credits generated by the Company. Current tax due under
this calculation was paid to Alliant Energy, and current refunds were received from Alliant
Energy. Section 29 tax credits were generated in 2002 and are expected to be utilized by
Alliant Energy in 2007. However, on a stand-alone basis Whiting would have been unable to
use the credits in its 2002 tax return. The Company will be paid during 2007 for the Section
29 credits, which is when Alliant Energy will receive the benefit for them. The Company has
a current receivable in the amount of $4.1 million as of December 31, 2006 for these
credits.
Alliant Energy GuaranteeThe Company holds a 6% working interest in four federal offshore
platforms and related onshore plant and equipment in California. Alliant Energy has
guaranteed the Companys obligation in the abandonment of these assets.
10. |
|
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
Non-cancellable Leases The Company leases 87,000 square feet of administrative office
space in Denver, Colorado under an operating lease arrangement through October 31, 2010 and
an additional 26,500 square feet of office space in Midland, Texas through February 15,
2012. Rental expense for 2006, 2005 and 2004 amounted to $1.9 million, $1.5 million and
$0.9 million, respectively. Minimum lease payments under the terms of non-cancelable
operating leases as of December 31, 2006 are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
$ |
1,742 |
|
2008 |
|
|
1,759 |
|
2009 |
|
|
1,772 |
|
2010 |
|
|
1,540 |
|
2011 |
|
|
330 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
7,184 |
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Contracts The Company has entered into two take-or-pay purchase agreements, one
agreement in July 2005 for 9.5 years and one agreement in March 2006 for 8 years, whereby
the Company has committed to buy certain volumes of CO2 for a fixed fee subject
to annual escalation. The purchase agreements are with different suppliers, and the
CO2 is for use in enhanced recovery projects in the Postle field in Texas County,
Oklahoma and the North Ward Estes field in Ward County, Texas. Under the terms of the
agreements, the Company is obligated to purchase a minimum daily volume of CO2
(as calculated on an annual basis) or else pay for any deficiencies at the price in effect
when delivery was to have occurred. The CO2 volumes planned for use on the
enhanced
87
recovery projects in the Postle and North Ward Estes fields currently exceed the minimum
daily volumes provided in these take-or-pay purchase agreements. Therefore, the Company
expects to avoid any payments for deficiencies. As of December 31, 2006, future commitments
under the purchase agreements amounted to $308.9 million through 2014.
Drilling Contracts The Company entered into three separate three-year agreements in 2005
for drilling rigs, a two-year agreement in February 2006 for a workover rig, and a
three-year agreement in September 2006 for an additional drilling rig, all operating in the
Rocky Mountains region. As of December 31, 2006, these agreements had total commitments of
$47.5 million and early termination would require maximum penalties of $32.7 million. No
other drilling rigs working for the Company are currently under long-term contracts or
contracts which cannot be terminated at the end of the well that is currently being drilled.
Price-Sharing Agreement The Company, as part of a 2002 purchase transaction, agreed to
share with the seller 50% of the actual price received for certain crude oil production in
excess of $19.00 per barrel. The agreement runs through December 31, 2009 and contains a 2%
price escalation per year. As a result, the sharing amount at January 1, 2007 increased to
50% of the actual price received in excess of $20.97 per barrel. As of December 31, 2006,
approximately 40,300 net barrels of crude oil per month (5% of December 2006 net crude oil
production) are subject to this sharing agreement. The terms of the agreement do not provide
for a maximum amount to be paid. During the years 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company paid
$9.4 million, $7.6 million and $4.8 million, respectively, under this agreement. As of
December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company had accrued an additional $0.6 million and $0.7
million, respectively, as currently payable.
Litigation The Company is subject to litigation claims and governmental and regulatory
controls arising in the ordinary course of business. It is the opinion of the Companys
management that all claims and litigation involving the Company are not likely to have a
material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, cash flows or results of
operations.
11. |
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Whiting Petroleum Corporation (the Company or Parent Issuer) is the issuer of 7.25% Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2012, 7.25% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013 and 7% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014
(the Notes). The Notes are jointly and severally guaranteed on a full and unconditional basis by
the Companys wholly-owned subsidiaries (Guarantor Subsidiaries). Presented on the following
pages are the Companys condensed consolidating balance sheets, statements of income and statements
of cash flows, as required by Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended.
The following condensed consolidating financial statements have been prepared from the Companys
financial information on the same basis of accounting as the consolidated financial statements.
Investments in our subsidiaries are accounted for under the equity
method. Accordingly, the entries
necessary to consolidate the Parent Issuer and Guarantor Subsidiaries are reflected in the
Intercompany Eliminations column.
88
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
December 31, 2006
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
Guarantor |
|
|
Intercompany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
|
Eliminations |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets |
|
$ |
7,263 |
|
|
$ |
114,449 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
121,712 |
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,432,661 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,432,661 |
|
Intercompany receivable |
|
|
1,066,633 |
|
|
|
(1,066,633 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in subsidiaries |
|
|
750,546 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(750,546 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Non-current assets |
|
|
21,103 |
|
|
|
20,457 |
|
|
|
(10,530 |
) |
|
|
31,030 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
1,845,545 |
|
|
$ |
1,500,934 |
|
|
$ |
(761,076 |
) |
|
$ |
2,585,403 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities |
|
$ |
12,477 |
|
|
$ |
130,565 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
143,042 |
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
616,889 |
|
|
|
378,507 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
995,396 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
175,561 |
|
|
|
(10,530 |
) |
|
|
165,031 |
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
23,607 |
|
|
|
71,657 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
95,264 |
|
Stockholders equity |
|
|
1,192,572 |
|
|
|
744,644 |
|
|
|
(750,546 |
) |
|
|
1,186,670 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
1,845,545 |
|
|
$ |
1,500,934 |
|
|
$ |
(761,076 |
) |
|
$ |
2,585,403 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2005
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
Guarantor |
|
|
Intercompany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
|
Eliminations |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets |
|
$ |
4,355 |
|
|
$ |
127,809 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
132,164 |
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,062,858 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,062,858 |
|
Intercompany receivable |
|
|
1,100,330 |
|
|
|
(1,100,330 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in subsidiaries |
|
|
558,309 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(558,309 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Non-current assets |
|
|
23,164 |
|
|
|
27,532 |
|
|
|
(10,522 |
) |
|
|
40,174 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
1,686,158 |
|
|
$ |
1,117,869 |
|
|
$ |
(568,831 |
) |
|
$ |
2,235,196 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities |
|
$ |
12,864 |
|
|
$ |
155,703 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
168,567 |
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
616,236 |
|
|
|
258,862 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
875,098 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
102,099 |
|
|
|
(10,522 |
) |
|
|
91,577 |
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
24,576 |
|
|
|
77,516 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
102,092 |
|
Stockholders equity |
|
|
1,032,482 |
|
|
|
523,689 |
|
|
|
(558,309 |
) |
|
|
997,862 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
1,686,158 |
|
|
$ |
1,117,869 |
|
|
$ |
(568,831 |
) |
|
$ |
2,235,196 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
89
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Income
Year Ended December 31, 2006
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
Guarantor |
|
|
Intercompany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
|
Eliminations |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
Revenues and other income |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
778,827 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
778,827 |
|
Operating costs and expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
393,568 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
393,568 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
3,367 |
|
|
|
34,441 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37,808 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
50,151 |
|
|
|
23,338 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
73,489 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
40,690 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40,690 |
|
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
|
|
(192,237 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
192,237 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes |
|
|
138,719 |
|
|
|
286,790 |
|
|
|
(192,237 |
) |
|
|
233,272 |
|
Income tax
(benefit) expense |
|
|
(17,645 |
) |
|
|
94,553 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
76,908 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
156,364 |
|
|
$ |
192,237 |
|
|
$ |
(192,237 |
) |
|
$ |
156,364 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2005
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
Guarantor |
|
|
Intercompany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
|
Eliminations |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
Revenues and other income |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
540,448 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
540,448 |
|
Operating costs and expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
245,291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
245,291 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
2,861 |
|
|
|
27,746 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30,607 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
29,927 |
|
|
|
12,118 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42,045 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
26,407 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26,407 |
|
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
|
|
(142,308 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
142,308 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes |
|
|
109,520 |
|
|
|
228,886 |
|
|
|
(142,308 |
) |
|
|
196,098 |
|
Income tax
(benefit) expense |
|
|
(12,402 |
) |
|
|
86,578 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
74,176 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
121,922 |
|
|
$ |
142,308 |
|
|
$ |
(142,308 |
) |
|
$ |
121,922 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2004
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
Guarantor |
|
|
Intercompany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
|
Eliminations |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
Revenues and other income |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
282,140 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
282,140 |
|
Operating costs and expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
125,015 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
125,015 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
580 |
|
|
|
18,644 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,224 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
6,608 |
|
|
|
9,248 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,856 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,040 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,040 |
|
Equity in
earnings of subsidiaries |
|
|
(74,462 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
74,462 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes |
|
|
67,274 |
|
|
|
121,193 |
|
|
|
(74,462 |
) |
|
|
114,005 |
|
Income tax (benefit) expense |
|
|
(2,772 |
) |
|
|
46,731 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43,959 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
70,046 |
|
|
$ |
74,462 |
|
|
$ |
(74,462 |
) |
|
$ |
70,046 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2006
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
Guarantor |
|
|
Intercompany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
|
Eliminations |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
Cash flows from operating activities |
|
$ |
(29,802 |
) |
|
$ |
441,011 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
411,209 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash acquisition capital expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(87,562 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(87,562 |
) |
Drilling and development capital expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(464,407 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(464,407 |
) |
Other investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,390 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,390 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(527,579 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(527,579 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of long-term debt under credit agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
325,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325,000 |
|
Payments on long-term debt under credit agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(205,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(205,000 |
) |
Intercompany receivable |
|
|
33,257 |
|
|
|
(33,257 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other financing activities |
|
|
(3,455 |
) |
|
|
(185 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,640 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
29,802 |
|
|
|
86,558 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
116,360 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
Cash and cash equivalents: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,382 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,382 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of period |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10,372 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10,372 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2005
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
Guarantor |
|
|
Intercompany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
|
Eliminations |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
Cash flows
from operating activities |
|
$ |
(8,475 |
) |
|
$ |
338,668 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
330,193 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash acquisition capital expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(900,332 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(900,332 |
) |
Drilling and development capital expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(196,163 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(196,163 |
) |
Other investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30,433 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30,433 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,126,928 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,126,928 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common stock |
|
|
277,117 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
277,117 |
|
Issuance of Senior Subordinated Notes |
|
|
466,715 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
466,715 |
|
Issuance of long-term debt under credit agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
395,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
395,000 |
|
Payments on long-term debt under credit agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(310,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(310,000 |
) |
Intercompany receivable |
|
|
(718,070 |
) |
|
|
718,070 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other financing activities |
|
|
(17,287 |
) |
|
|
(6,088 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(23,375 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
8,475 |
|
|
|
796,982 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
805,457 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,722 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,722 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,660 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,660 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of period |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10,382 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10,382 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
91
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
Year Ended December 31, 2004
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
Guarantor |
|
|
Intercompany |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuer |
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
|
Eliminations |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
Cash flows
from operating activities |
|
$ |
6,974 |
|
|
$ |
127,142 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
134,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows
from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash acquisition capital expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(451,231 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(451,231 |
) |
Drilling and development capital expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(79,376 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(79,376 |
) |
Other investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,164 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,164 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(524,443 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(524,443 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows
from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common stock |
|
|
239,686 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
239,686 |
|
Issuance of Senior Subordinated Notes |
|
|
148,890 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
148,890 |
|
Issuance of long-term debt under credit agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
445,800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
445,800 |
|
Payments on long-term debt under credit agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(484,800 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(484,800 |
) |
Intercompany receivable |
|
|
(390,919 |
) |
|
|
390,919 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other financing activities |
|
|
(4,631 |
) |
|
|
(6,543 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11,174 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
(6,974 |
) |
|
|
345,376 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
338,402 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(51,925 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(51,925 |
) |
Cash and
cash equivalents |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
53,585 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
53,585 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of period |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,660 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,660 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
92
12. |
|
OIL AND GAS ACTIVITIES |
|
|
|
The Companys oil and gas activities were entirely within the United States. Costs incurred
in oil and gas producing activities were as follows (in thousands): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unproved property acquisition |
|
$ |
38,628 |
|
|
$ |
16,124 |
|
|
$ |
4,401 |
|
Proved property acquisition |
|
|
29,778 |
|
|
|
906,208 |
|
|
|
525,563 |
|
Development |
|
|
408,828 |
|
|
|
215,162 |
|
|
|
74,476 |
|
Exploration |
|
|
81,877 |
|
|
|
22,532 |
|
|
|
9,739 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
559,111 |
|
|
$ |
1,160,026 |
|
|
$ |
614,179 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During 2006, 2005 and 2004, additions to oil and gas properties of $2.3 million, $8.1
million and $7.3 million were recorded for the estimated costs of future abandonment related
to new wells drilled or acquired.
Net capitalized costs related to the Companys oil and gas producing activities were as
follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proven oil and gas properties |
|
$ |
2,828,282 |
|
|
$ |
2,353,372 |
|
Unproven oil and gas properties |
|
|
55,297 |
|
|
|
21,671 |
|
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
|
(489,550 |
) |
|
|
(334,825 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas properties, net |
|
$ |
2,394,029 |
|
|
$ |
2,040,218 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exploratory well costs that are incurred and expensed in the same annual period have not
been included in the table below. The net changes in capitalized exploratory well costs
were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning balance at January 1 |
|
$ |
4,193 |
|
|
$ |
2,937 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Additions to capitalized
exploratory well costs
pending the determination of
proved reserves |
|
|
51,798 |
|
|
|
6,500 |
|
|
|
5,562 |
|
Reclassifications to wells,
facilities and equipment
based on the determination of
proved reserves |
|
|
(43,276 |
) |
|
|
(5,244 |
) |
|
|
(2,625 |
) |
Capitalized exploratory well
costs charged to expense |
|
|
(2,521 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending balance at December 31 |
|
$ |
10,194 |
|
|
$ |
4,193 |
|
|
$ |
2,937 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At December 31, 2006, the Company had no exploratory well costs capitalized for a period of
greater than one year after the completion of drilling.
93
13. |
|
DISCLOSURES ABOUT OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES (UNAUDITED) |
|
|
|
The estimates of proved reserves and related valuations were based on reports prepared by
the Companys independent petroleum engineers Ryder Scott Company L.P., Cawley, Gillespie &
Associates, Inc., and R. A. Lenser & Associates, Inc. as well as the Companys engineering
staff. Proved reserve estimates included herein conform to the definitions prescribed by
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The estimates of proved reserves are inherently
imprecise and are continually subject to revision based on production history, results of
additional exploration and development, price changes and other factors. |
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2006, all of the Companys oil and gas reserves are attributable to
properties within the United States. A summary of the Companys changes in quantities of
proved oil and gas reserves for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, are as
follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (Mbbl) |
|
Natural Gas (MMcf) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BalanceJanuary 1, 2004 |
|
|
34,640 |
|
|
|
231,011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Extensions and discoveries |
|
|
5,175 |
|
|
|
29,133 |
|
Sales of minerals in place |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(70 |
) |
Purchases of minerals in place |
|
|
52,288 |
|
|
|
114,715 |
|
Production |
|
|
(3,662 |
) |
|
|
(25,071 |
) |
Revisions to previous estimates |
|
|
(853 |
) |
|
|
(9,862 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BalanceDecember 31, 2004 |
|
|
87,588 |
|
|
|
339,856 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Extensions and discoveries |
|
|
1,956 |
|
|
|
21,068 |
|
Sales of minerals in place |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of minerals in place |
|
|
115,737 |
|
|
|
101,082 |
|
Production |
|
|
(7,032 |
) |
|
|
(30,272 |
) |
Revisions to previous estimates |
|
|
950 |
|
|
|
(45,322 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BalanceDecember 31, 2005 |
|
|
199,199 |
|
|
|
386,412 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Extensions and discoveries |
|
|
4,125 |
|
|
|
19,362 |
|
Sales of minerals in place |
|
|
(1,213 |
) |
|
|
(983 |
) |
Purchases of minerals in place |
|
|
670 |
|
|
|
4,009 |
|
Production |
|
|
(9,799 |
) |
|
|
(32,147 |
) |
Revisions to previous estimates |
|
|
2,053 |
|
|
|
(57,780 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BalanceDecember 31, 2006 |
|
|
195,035 |
|
|
|
318,873 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved developed reserves: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 |
|
|
60,625 |
|
|
|
242,662 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
111,954 |
|
|
|
267,429 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2006 |
|
|
122,496 |
|
|
|
226,516 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As discussed in Employee Benefit Plans, all of the Companys employees participate in the
Companys Production Participation Plan. The reserve disclosures above include oil and gas
reserve
94
volumes that have been allocated to the Production Participation Plan (Plan). Once
allocated to Plan participants, the interests are fixed. Allocations prior to 1995
consisted of 2%3% overriding royalty interest while allocations since 1995 have been
2%5% of net income from the oil and gas production allocated to the Plan.
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas
reserves and the changes in standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
relating to proved oil and gas reserves were prepared in accordance with the provisions of
SFAS No. 69. Future cash inflows were computed by applying prices at year end to estimated
future production. Future production and development costs are computed by estimating the
expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved oil and gas reserves at
year end, based on year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions.
Future income tax expenses are calculated by applying appropriate year-end tax rates to
future pretax net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves, less the tax basis of
properties involved. Future income tax expenses give effect to permanent differences, tax
credits and loss carryforwards relating to the proved oil and gas reserves. Future net cash
flows are discounted at a rate of 10% annually to derive the standardized measure of
discounted future net cash flows. This calculation procedure does not necessarily result in
an estimate of the fair market value or the present value of the Companys oil and gas
properties.
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas
reserves are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Future cash flows |
|
$ |
12,635,239 |
|
|
$ |
14,294,674 |
|
|
$ |
5,445,781 |
|
Future production costs |
|
|
(4,248,973 |
) |
|
|
(4,484,415 |
) |
|
|
(1,804,161 |
) |
Future development costs |
|
|
(1,176,778 |
) |
|
|
(909,093 |
) |
|
|
(216,864 |
) |
Future income tax expense |
|
|
(2,064,596 |
) |
|
|
(2,773,077 |
) |
|
|
(996,035 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Future net cash flows |
|
|
5,144,892 |
|
|
|
6,128,089 |
|
|
|
2,428,721 |
|
10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows |
|
|
(2,752,650 |
) |
|
|
(3,245,188 |
) |
|
|
(1,116,667 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash
flows |
|
$ |
2,392,242 |
|
|
$ |
2,882,901 |
|
|
$ |
1,312,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Future cash flows as shown above were reported without consideration for the effects of
hedging transactions outstanding at each period end. If the effects of hedging transactions
were included in the computation, then future cash flows would have
decreased by a minimal amount in 2006, $7.3 million in 2005 and a
minimal amount in 2004.
95
The changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to
proved oil and gas reserves are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year |
|
$ |
2,882,901 |
|
|
$ |
1,312,054 |
|
|
$ |
589,564 |
|
Sale of oil and gas produced, net of production costs |
|
|
(542,383 |
) |
|
|
(425,594 |
) |
|
|
(210,052 |
) |
Sales of minerals in place |
|
|
(30,520 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(122 |
) |
Net changes in prices and production costs |
|
|
(558,249 |
) |
|
|
557,908 |
|
|
|
174,511 |
|
Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries |
|
|
162,969 |
|
|
|
104,609 |
|
|
|
153,444 |
|
Development costs, net |
|
|
(212,076 |
) |
|
|
(361,356 |
) |
|
|
(150,537 |
) |
Purchases of mineral in place |
|
|
29,663 |
|
|
|
2,321,289 |
|
|
|
973,959 |
|
Revisions of previous quantity estimates |
|
|
(167,956 |
) |
|
|
(115,617 |
) |
|
|
(33,999 |
) |
Net change in income taxes |
|
|
561,302 |
|
|
|
(766,485 |
) |
|
|
(343,023 |
) |
Accretion of discount |
|
|
288,290 |
|
|
|
185,014 |
|
|
|
78,462 |
|
Changes in production rates and other |
|
|
(21,699 |
) |
|
|
71,079 |
|
|
|
79,847 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of year |
|
$ |
2,392,242 |
|
|
$ |
2,882,901 |
|
|
$ |
1,312,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average wellhead prices in effect at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 inclusive of
adjustments for quality and location used in determining future net revenues related to the
standardized measure calculation were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (per Bbl) |
|
$ |
54.81 |
|
|
$ |
55.10 |
|
|
$ |
40.58 |
|
Gas (per Mcf) |
|
$ |
5.41 |
|
|
$ |
7.97 |
|
|
$ |
5.56 |
|
96
14. |
|
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED) |
|
|
|
The following is a summary of the unaudited quarterly financial data for the years ended
December 31, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands, except per share data): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
June 30, |
|
September 30, |
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
Year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2006: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas sales |
|
$ |
189,865 |
|
|
$ |
203,643 |
|
|
$ |
207,751 |
|
|
$ |
171,861 |
|
|
$ |
773,120 |
|
Operating profit (1) |
|
|
98,234 |
|
|
|
107,683 |
|
|
|
106,339 |
|
|
|
67,296 |
|
|
|
379,552 |
|
Net income |
|
|
32,990 |
|
|
|
45,880 |
|
|
|
49,544 |
|
|
|
27,950 |
|
|
|
156,364 |
|
Basic net income per share |
|
|
0.90 |
|
|
|
1.25 |
|
|
|
1.35 |
|
|
|
0.76 |
|
|
|
4.26 |
|
Diluted net income per share |
|
|
0.90 |
|
|
|
1.25 |
|
|
|
1.35 |
|
|
|
0.76 |
|
|
|
4.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
June 30, |
|
September 30, |
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
|
2005 |
|
Year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2005: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas sales |
|
$ |
105,466 |
|
|
$ |
115,978 |
|
|
$ |
153,386 |
|
|
$ |
198,416 |
|
|
$ |
573,246 |
|
Operating profit (1) |
|
|
57,749 |
|
|
|
65,218 |
|
|
|
92,173 |
|
|
|
112,815 |
|
|
|
327,955 |
|
Net income |
|
|
26,055 |
|
|
|
24,238 |
|
|
|
33,282 |
|
|
|
38,347 |
|
|
|
121,922 |
|
Basic net income per share |
|
|
0.88 |
|
|
|
0.82 |
|
|
|
1.12 |
|
|
|
1.05 |
|
|
|
3.89 |
|
Diluted net income per share |
|
|
0.88 |
|
|
|
0.82 |
|
|
|
1.12 |
|
|
|
1.05 |
|
|
|
3.88 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Oil and natural gas sales less lease operating expense, production taxes and
depreciation, depletion and amortization. |
******
97
|
|
|
Item 9. |
|
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure |
None.
|
|
|
Item 9A. |
|
Controls and Procedures |
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act), our management evaluated, with the
participation of our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial
Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the year ended December 31,
2006. Based upon their evaluation of these disclosures controls and procedures, the Chairman,
President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure
controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the year ended December 31, 2006 to ensure
that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the
Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in
the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and to ensure that information
required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is
accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal
financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Managements Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. The report of
management required under this Item 9A is contained in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K
under the caption Managements Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
Attestation Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm. The attestation report required
under this Item 9A is contained in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There was no change in our internal
control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2006 that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.
|
|
|
Item 9B. |
|
Other Information |
Item 5.02(e) Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
On February 23, 2007, the Board of Directors (the Board) of Whiting Petroleum Corporation
(the Company) approved, upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board (the
Committee), an amendment to the Companys Production Participation Plan (the Plan). The Plan
currently provided that the Committee, in its discretion for each Plan year, allocates to Plan
participants a percentage of net income attributable to oil and natural gas properties acquired or
developed during the year by the Company. The amendment provides that with respect to any Plan
year, the last day of which is the date of a change in control (as defined in the Plan) of the
Company or a voluntary termination of the Plan, the Committee will not allocate a percentage less
than the average of the percentages set by the Committee for three previous Plan years as to proven
undeveloped reserves allocated pursuant to the Plans change in control and voluntary termination
provisions. The amounts payable to the Companys principal executive officer, principal financial
officer and named executive officers as a result of such amendment are not determinable until a
change of control in the Company or a voluntary termination of the Plan were to occur. A copy of
such amendment is filed as Exhibit 10.6 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated by
reference herein.
98
On February 23, 2007, the Board approved, upon recommendation of the Committee, a Production
Participation Plan Credit Service Agreement, between the Company and James J. Volker. The
agreement formalizes the Companys arrangement with Mr. Volker pursuant to which Mr. Volker
receives credit under the Plan for all purposes as if he had participated in the Plan during the
period he served as a consultant to the Company from March 1993 to August 2000. The amounts
payable to Mr. Volker pursuant to such agreement are not determinable. A copy of such agreement is
filed as Exhibit 10.7 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated by reference herein.
On February 23, 2007, the Board approved, upon recommendation of the Committee, a Production
Participation Plan Supplemental Payment Agreement, between the Company and J. Douglas Lang. The
agreement formalizes the Companys arrangement with Mr. Lang pursuant to which Mr. Lang receives an
annual cash payment equal to the amount by which the average of the Plan payments to the Companys
Chief Financial Officer and Vice President of Operations exceed the Plan payment to Mr. Lang. The
agreement also provides that, upon a change in control of the Company or a voluntary termination of
the Plan, the Company will make a cash payment to Mr. Lang equal to the amount by which the average
of the Plan distributions to the Companys Chief Financial Officer and Vice President of Operations
upon such event exceed the Plan distribution to Mr. Lang upon such event. The amounts payable to
Mr. Lang pursuant to such agreement are not determinable. A copy of such agreement is filed as
Exhibit 10.8 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated by reference herein.
On February 23, 2007, the Board approved, upon recommendation of the Committee, grants of
shares of restricted stock to executive officers of the Company. The restricted stock will vest
based on the Company achieving, at each of the fiscal year ends preceding the first three
anniversary dates of the grant, a specified increase (compounded annually) in the difference
between (i) the per share amount of the Companys after-tax PV10% value (calculated in accordance
with Securities and Exchange Commission guidelines) of proved reserves and (ii) the per share
amount of the Companys consolidated long-term debt. If the specified increase threshold is met at
any of such fiscal year ends, then more than one year can vest in a given year but not to exceed a
maximum of one-third of the total shares granted for every year of service that has been completed.
To the extent all or a portion of the awards are not earned at the end of the three years, the
portion of the awards not earned will be forfeited. The maximum number of shares of restricted
stock the executive officers of the Company are able to receive if all of the awards are earned is
as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Shares |
|
Position |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James J. Volker
|
|
|
17,778 |
|
|
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
James T. Brown
|
|
|
5,556 |
|
|
Vice President, Operations |
Bruce R. DeBoer
|
|
|
5,556 |
|
|
Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary |
J. Douglas Lang
|
|
|
5,556 |
|
|
Vice President, Reservoir Engineering/Acquisitions |
Patricia J. Miller
|
|
|
1,000 |
|
|
Vice President, Human Resources |
David M. Seery
|
|
|
5,556 |
|
|
Vice President, Land |
Michael J. Stevens
|
|
|
5,556 |
|
|
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Mark R. Williams
|
|
|
5,556 |
|
|
Vice President, Exploration and Development |
Brent P. Jensen
|
|
|
4,889 |
|
|
Controller and Treasurer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
57,003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The amounts payable to these executive officers are not determinable because the awards
are subject to future performance of the Company and the value of the award is subject to the
Companys future stock price.
99
PART III
|
|
|
Item 10. |
|
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance |
The information included under the captions Election of Directors, Board of Directors and
Corporate Governance and Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance in our
definitive Proxy Statement for Whiting Petroleum Corporations 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
(the Proxy Statement) is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Information with respect to
our executive officers appears in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We have adopted the Whiting Petroleum Corporation Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that
applies to our directors, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Financial
Officer, our Controller and Treasurer and other persons performing similar functions. We have
posted a copy of the Whiting Petroleum Corporation Code of Business Conduct and Ethics on our
website at www.whiting.com. The Whiting Petroleum Corporation Code of Business Conduct and
Ethics is also available in print to any stockholder who requests it in writing from the Corporate
Secretary of Whiting Petroleum Corporation. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirements under
Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendments to, or waivers from, the Whiting Petroleum Corporation
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics by posting such information on our website at
www.whiting.com.
We are not including the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it
by reference into, this report.
|
|
|
Item 11. |
|
Executive Compensation |
The information required by this Item is included under the captions Board of Directors and
Corporate Governance Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation, Board of
Directors and Corporate Governance Director Compensation, Compensation Discussion and
Analysis, Compensation Committee Report and Executive Compensation in the Proxy Statement and
is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
|
|
|
Item 12. |
|
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters |
The information required by this Item with respect to security ownership of certain beneficial
owners and management is included under the caption Principal Stockholders in the Proxy Statement
and is hereby incorporated by reference. The following table sets forth information with respect to
compensation plans under which equity securities of Whiting Petroleum Corporation are authorized
for issuance as of December 31, 2006.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
remaining available |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
for future issuance |
|
|
securities to be |
|
|
|
under equity |
|
|
issued upon |
|
Weighted-average |
|
compensation plans |
|
|
exercise of |
|
exercise price of |
|
(excluding |
|
|
outstanding |
|
outstanding |
|
securities |
|
|
options, warrants |
|
options, warrants |
|
reflected in the |
Plan Category |
|
and rights |
|
and rights |
|
first column) |
Equity compensation
plans approved by
security holders(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
1,703,506 |
(2) |
Equity compensation
plans not approved
by security holders |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
1,703,506 |
(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes only the Whiting Petroleum Corporation 2003 Equity Incentive Plan. |
|
(2) |
|
Excludes 248,137 shares of restricted common stock previously issued and outstanding
for which the restrictions have not lapsed. |
|
|
|
Item 13. |
|
Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence |
The information required by this Item is included under the caption Board of Directors and
Corporate Governance Transactions with Related Persons and Board of Directors and Corporate
Governance Independence of Directors in the Proxy Statement and is hereby incorporated by
reference.
|
|
|
Item 14. |
|
Principal Accounting Fees and Services |
The information required by this Item is included under the caption Ratification of
Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm in the Proxy Statement and is hereby
incorporated by reference.
PART IV
|
|
|
Item 15. |
|
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
|
1. |
|
|
Financial statements The
following financial statements
and the report of independent
registered public accounting firm
are contained in Item 8. |
|
a. |
|
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
|
|
b. |
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 |
|
|
c. |
|
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Years ended December
31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 |
|
|
d. |
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years ended
December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
|
|
|
e. |
|
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders Equity and Comprehensive
Income for the Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
|
|
|
f. |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
|
2. |
|
Financial statement schedules All schedules are omitted since the required
information is not present, or is not present in amounts sufficient to require
submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the
consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto. |
|
|
3. |
|
Exhibits The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed
as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
(b) |
|
Exhibits |
|
|
|
The exhibits listed in the accompanying exhibit index are filed (except where otherwise
indicated) as part of this report. |
|
(c) |
|
Financial Statement Schedules. |
101
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized, on this 28th day of February, 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ James J. Volker
|
|
|
|
James J. Volker |
|
|
|
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ James J. Volker
James J. Volker
|
|
Chairman, President, Chief
Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Michael J. Stevens
Michael J. Stevens
|
|
Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Brent P. Jensen
Brent P. Jensen
|
|
Controller and Treasurer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Thomas L. Aller
Thomas L. Aller
|
|
Director
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ D. Sherwin Artus
D. Sherwin Artus
|
|
Director
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Thomas P. Briggs
Thomas P. Briggs
|
|
Director
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Graydon D. Hubbard
Graydon D. Hubbard
|
|
Director
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Palmer L. Moe
Palmer L. Moe
|
|
Director
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Kenneth R. Whiting
Kenneth R. Whiting
|
|
Director
|
|
February 28, 2007 |
102
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Exhibit Description |
(3.1)
|
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Whiting Petroleum
Corporation [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Whiting Petroleum
Corporations Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-107341)]. |
|
|
|
(3.2)
|
|
Amended and Restated By-laws of Whiting Petroleum Corporation [Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations Current Report on
Form 8-K dated February 23, 2006 (File No. 001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(3.3)
|
|
Certificate of Designations of the Board of Directors Establishing the Series
and Fixing the Relative Rights and Preferences of Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Whiting Petroleum
Corporations Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 23, 2006 (File No.
001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(4.1)
|
|
Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2005, among
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, Whiting Petroleum Corporation, the financial
institutions listed therein and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative
Agent [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations
Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 31, 2005 (File No. 001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(4.2)
|
|
Indenture, dated May 11, 2004, by and among Whiting Petroleum Corporation,
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, Whiting Programs, Inc., Equity Oil Company and
J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association [Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended March 31, 2004 (File No. 001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(4.3)
|
|
Subordinated Indenture, dated as of April 19, 2005, by and among Whiting
Petroleum Corporation, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, Whiting Programs, Inc.,
Equity Oil Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.4 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Reg.
No. 333-121615)]. |
|
|
|
(4.4)
|
|
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 19, 2005, by and among Whiting
Petroleum Corporation, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, Equity Oil Company,
Whiting Programs, Inc. and JP Morgan Trust Company, National Association
[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations
Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 11, 2005 (File No. 001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(4.5)
|
|
Indenture, dated October 4, 2005, by and among Whiting Petroleum Corporation,
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, Whiting Programs, Inc. and JP Morgan Trust
Company, National Association [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to
Whiting Petroleum Corporations Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 4, 2005
(File No. 001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(4.6)
|
|
Rights Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2006, between Whiting Petroleum
Corporation and Computershare Trust Company, Inc. [Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations Current Report on Form 8-K dated
February 23, 2006 (File No. 001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(10.1)*
|
|
Whiting Petroleum Corporation 2003 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended through
February 23, 2007. |
|
|
|
(10.2)*
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement pursuant to the Whiting Petroleum Corporation
2003 Equity Incentive Plan [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Whiting
Petroleum Corporations quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 2004 (File No. 001-31899)]. |
103
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Exhibit Description |
(10.3)*
|
|
Whiting Petroleum Corporation Production Participation Plan, as amended and
restated February 23, 2006 [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Whiting
Petroleum Corporations Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 23, 2006
(File No. 001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(10.4)
|
|
Tax Separation and Indemnification Agreement between Alliant Energy Corporation,
Whiting Petroleum Corporation and Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation [Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-107341)]. |
|
|
|
(10.5)*
|
|
Summary of Non-Employee Director Compensation for Whiting Petroleum Corporation.
[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations
Current Report on Form 8-K February 23, 2006 (File No. 001-31899)]. |
|
|
|
(10.6)*
|
|
First Amendment to Production Participation Plan of Whiting Petroleum
Corporation, effective March 1, 2007. |
|
|
|
(10.7)*
|
|
Production Participation Plan Credit Service Agreement, dated February 23, 2007,
between Whiting Petroleum Corporation and James J. Volker. |
|
|
|
(10.8)*
|
|
Production Participation Plan Supplemental Payment Agreement, dated February 23,
2007, between Whiting Petroleum Corporation and J. Douglas Lang. |
|
|
|
(12.1)
|
|
Statement regarding computation of ratios of earnings to fixed charges. |
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
Subsidiaries of Whiting Petroleum Corporation. |
|
|
|
(23.1)
|
|
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP. |
|
|
|
(23.2)
|
|
Consent of Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc., Independent Petroleum Engineers. |
|
|
|
(23.3)
|
|
Consent of R.A. Lenser & Associates, Inc., Independent Petroleum Engineers. |
|
|
|
(23.4)
|
|
Consent of Ryder Scott Company, L.P., Independent Petroleum Engineers. |
|
|
|
(31.1)
|
|
Certification by Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. |
|
|
|
(31.2)
|
|
Certification by the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. |
|
|
|
(32.1)
|
|
Certification of the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to
18 U.S.C. Section 1350. |
|
|
|
(32.2)
|
|
Certification of the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18
U.S.C. Section 1350. |
|
|
|
(99.1)
|
|
Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within
120 days of December 31, 2006 [To be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission under Regulation 14A within 120 days after December 31, 2006; except
to the extent specifically incorporated by reference, the Proxy Statement for
the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders shall not be deemed to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission as part of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K]. |
|
|
|
* |
|
A management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
104