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TABLE OF CONTENTS
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 31, 2015
Registration No. 333-203607
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 2
to
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
OVERSTOCK.COM, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
87-0634302 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
6350 South 3000 East
Salt Lake City, Utah 84121
(801) 947-3100
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)
Dr. Patrick M. Byrne
Chief Executive Officer
Overstock.com, Inc.
6350 South 3000 East
Salt Lake City, Utah 84121
(801) 947-3100
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copy to:
Lowell D. Ness
Perkins Coie LLP
3150 Porter Drive
Palo Alto, CA 94304
Telephone: 650-838-4317
Facsimile: 650-838-4517
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:
From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. o
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. ý
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer ý | Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Smaller reporting company o |
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
|
||||||||
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered |
Amount To Be Registered(1) |
Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Unit(1)(2) |
Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price(1)(2) |
Amount of Registration Fee(3) |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share(4)(6) |
||||||||
Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value per share(4)(6) |
||||||||
Depositary Shares(6) |
||||||||
Warrants(6) |
||||||||
Debt Securities(6) |
||||||||
Units(6) |
||||||||
Total(5) |
$500,000,000 | | $500,000,000 | $58,100 | ||||
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The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JULY 31, 2015
PROSPECTUS
$500,000,000
Overstock.com, Inc.
By this prospectus, Overstock.com, Inc. may offer, from time to time:
Common stock Preferred stock Depositary Shares Warrants Debt securities Units |
Overstock.com, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Overstock"), may offer and sell from time to time, in one or more series or issuances in traditional certificated form or in uncertificated form, as digital securities, and on terms that Overstock will determine at the time of the offering, any combination of the securities described in this prospectus, up to an aggregate amount of $500,000,000.
We will provide specific terms of any offering in a supplement to this prospectus. Any prospectus supplement may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement as well as the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus before you purchase any of the securities offered hereby.
These securities may be offered and sold in the same offering or in separate offerings; to or through underwriters, dealers, and agents; or directly to purchasers. The names of any underwriters, dealers, or agents involved in the sale of our securities, their compensation and any over-allotment options held by them will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. For a more complete description of the plan of distribution of these securities, see the section entitled "Plan of Distribution" beginning on page 33 of this prospectus.
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "OSTK." The last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market on July 20, 2015 was $22.70 per share. We will provide information in any applicable prospectus supplement regarding any listing of securities other than shares of our common stock on any securities exchange.
INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES SIGNIFICANT RISKS. SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 4 OF THIS PROSPECTUS AND IN THE APPLICABLE PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND IN THE "RISK FACTORS" SECTION OF OUR FILINGS WITH THE SEC BEFORE INVESTING IN ANY SECURITIES.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
The date of this prospectus is
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This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a "shelf" registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may, from time to time, sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total amount of $500,000,000.
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add to, update or change information contained in this prospectus and, accordingly, to the extent inconsistent, information in this prospectus is superseded by the information in the prospectus supplement.
The prospectus supplement to be attached to the front of this prospectus may describe, as applicable: the terms of the securities offered; the initial public offering price; the price paid for the securities; net proceeds; and the other specific terms related to the offering of the securities.
You should only rely on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement or issuer free writing prospectus relating to a particular offering. No person has been authorized to give any information or make any representations in connection with this offering other than those contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and any related issuer free writing prospectus in connection with the offering described herein and therein, and, if given or made, such information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized by us. Neither this prospectus nor any prospectus supplement nor any related issuer free writing prospectus shall constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy offered securities in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such an offering or solicitation. This prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. For a more complete understanding of the offering of the securities, you should refer to the registration statement, including its exhibits.
You should read the entire prospectus and any prospectus supplement and any related issuer free writing prospectus, as well as the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or any related issuer free writing prospectus, before making an investment decision. Neither the delivery of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or any issuer free writing prospectus nor any sale made hereunder shall under any circumstances imply that the information contained or incorporated by reference herein or in any prospectus supplement or issuer free writing prospectus is correct as of any date subsequent to the date hereof or of such prospectus supplement or issuer free writing prospectus, as applicable. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or any document incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the applicable documents, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
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This summary description about us and our business highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated in this prospectus by reference. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before buying securities in this offering. You should carefully read this entire prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, including each of the documents incorporated herein or therein by reference, before making an investment decision. As used in this prospectus, "we," "us," "Overstock," "Overstock.com," "O.co," "our," "our company" and "the Company" refer to Overstock.com, Inc., a Delaware corporation.
Overview
We are an online retailer offering discount brand name, non-brand name and closeout merchandise, including furniture, home decor, bedding and bath, housewares, jewelry and watches, apparel and designer accessories, electronics and computers, and sporting goods, among other products. We sell hundreds of thousands of best seller and current run books, magazines, CDs, DVDs and video games ("BMMG"). We sell these products through our Internet websites located at www.overstock.com, www.o.co and www.o.biz. We deal primarily in discount, replenishable and closeout merchandise and use the Internet to aggregate both supply and demand to create an efficient marketplace for selling these products. We provide manufacturers with a one-stop liquidation channel to sell both large and small quantities of excess, closeout and replenishable inventory without disrupting sales through traditional channels.
The merchandise offered on our Website is from a variety of sources including well-known, brand-name manufacturers. We have relationships with approximately 3,200 independent fulfillment partners whose products we offer for sale on our Website. Sales through our fulfillment partners accounted for approximately 90% of our net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2014. Our Website Shopping section is organized into a number of main product lines, including: For the Home, Furniture, Bed & Bath, Women, Men, Jewelry, Watches, Health & Beauty, Electronics, Sports & Outdoors, Baby, Clothing & Shoes, Gifts & Flowers, Pet Supplies, Books-Movies-Music-Games, Kids, Luggage & Bags, Crafts & Sewing, Office, Toys & Hobbies, Emergency Preparedness, Business Supplies, Cars and Gifts. Our specialty offerings include our Worldstock, Main Street Revolution, As Seen on TV, Big Brother House and Farmers Market offerings. During 2014 we began to broker insurance products, and to offer (through a third party) a store credit card providing up to 12 months' financing of purchases. We also offer a free pet adoptions service which allows users to search listings of nearby adoptable cats, dogs, and other pets from thousands of animal shelters and rescues nationwide. We modify the organization and content of our shopping site periodically.
We are committed to providing superior customer service. We staff our customer service department with dedicated in-house and outsourced professionals who respond to phone, instant online chat and e-mail inquiries on products, ordering, shipping status, returns and other areas of customer inquiry.
We have organized our shopping business (sales of product offered through the Shopping Section of our Website) into two principal segmentsa "direct" business and a "fulfillment partner" business. We also derive revenue from other businesses advertising products or services on our Website. We are focusing on expansion of our international business, which has provided less than 2% of our total net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, no single customer accounted for more than 1% of our total net revenue.
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We have a customer loyalty program called Club O for which we sell annual memberships. The Club O loyalty program allows members to earn reward dollars for qualifying purchases made on our Website.
Corporate Information
We were incorporated in Delaware in 2002. Our principal executive offices are located at 6350 South 3000 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84121, and our telephone number is (801) 947-3100. We maintain a website at www.overstock.com. We make our periodic and current reports that are filed with the SEC available, free of charge, on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this prospectus.
Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "OSTK."
O, Overstock.com, O.com, O.co, Club O, Main Street Revolution, Worldstock Fair Trade and Worldstock are registered trademarks of Overstock.com, Inc. O.biz, Club O Dollars, OGlobal and OVillage are trademarks of Overstock.com, Inc. The Overstock.com, Club O, and Worldstock Fair Trade logos are also registered trademarks of Overstock.com, Inc. Other service marks, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners. This prospectus contains references to our trademarks as well as third-party trademarks. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus, including logos, artwork and other visual displays, may appear without the ® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate in any way that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to these trademarks and trade names. We do not intend our use of third-party trade names or trademarks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other entity.
The Securities We May Offer
We may offer up to $500,000,000 of common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, warrants, debt securities and/or units in one or more offerings and in any combination. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. A prospectus supplement, which we will provide each time we offer securities, will describe the specific amounts, prices and terms of the securities we determine to offer.
Common Stock
We may offer shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, either alone or underlying other registered securities convertible into or exercisable for our common stock. Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders. There are no cumulative voting rights. Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably the dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor. If there is a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, holders of our common stock would be entitled to share in our assets remaining after the payment of liabilities and any preferential rights of any outstanding preferred stock. The holders of common stock have no preemptive rights. We have never paid a dividend and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Preferred Stock and Depositary Shares
Under the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors is authorized to issue shares of preferred stock in one or more series without stockholder approval. Our board of directors has the discretion to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions,
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including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, of each series of preferred stock.
We may also issue fractional shares of preferred stock that will be represented by depositary shares and depositary receipts.
Each series of preferred stock, depositary shares or depositary receipts, if issued, will be more fully described in the particular prospectus supplement that will accompany this prospectus, including redemption provisions, rights in the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, voting rights and rights to convert into common stock. We do not have any shares of preferred stock, depositary shares or depositary receipts outstanding.
Warrants
We may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock or debt securities. We may issue warrants independently or together with other securities.
Debt Securities
We may offer secured or unsecured obligations in the form of one or more series of senior or subordinated debt. The senior debt securities and the subordinated debt securities are together referred to in this prospectus as the "debt securities." The subordinated debt securities generally will be entitled to payment only after payment of our senior debt. Senior debt generally includes all debt for money we borrow, except debt that is stated in the instrument governing the terms of that debt to be not senior to, or to have the same rank in right of payment as, or to be expressly junior to, the subordinated debt securities. We may issue debt securities that are convertible into shares of our common stock.
The senior and subordinated debt securities will be issued under separate indentures between us and a trustee. We have summarized the general features of the debt securities to be governed by the indentures. These indentures have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. We encourage you to read these indentures. Instructions on how you can get copies of these documents are provided under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information."
Units
We may issue units consisting of one or more of the other classes of securities issued by us as described in this prospectus in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit.
Digital Securities
We may issue any of the securities described in this prospectus as digital securities, meaning the securities will be uncertificated securities, the ownership and transfer of which are recorded on a cryptographically-secured distributed ledger system using technology similar to (or the same as) the distributed ledger technology used for trading digital currencies. Until digital securities are approved for trading on the national market system, we are not planning to issue any securities as digital securities in a registered public offering that are the same class as any of our securities that are trading on a national market system trading platform. For example, if we were to issue our common stock as digital securities in a registered public offering at a time when digital securities are not approved for trading on the NMS markets where our existing common shares are listed for trading, we would first reclassify our common stock into Class A and Class B common stock and only issue as digital securities the class that is not then trading on any national market system trading platform.
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An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. The prospectus supplement applicable to each offering of our securities will contain a discussion of the risks applicable to an investment in our securities. Prior to making a decision about investing in our securities, in addition to the specific risks set forth below, you should carefully consider the specific factors discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in the applicable prospectus supplement, together with all of the other information contained or incorporated by reference in the prospectus supplement or appearing or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. You should also consider the risks, uncertainties and assumptions discussed under Item 1A, "Risk Factors," in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and any updates contained in our subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, annual reports on Form 10-K and other filings we make with the SEC after the date of this prospectus, all of which are incorporated herein by reference, and may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by other reports we file with the SEC in the future and any prospectus supplement related to a particular offering. The occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment in the offered securities. The risks and uncertainties we have described are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our operations.
Risks Applicable to Digital Securities Offerings
We may decide to offer securities as digital securities, meaning the securities will be uncertificated securities, the ownership and transfer of which are recorded on a cryptographically-secured distributed ledger system using technology similar to (or the same as) the distributed ledger technology used for trading digital currencies. For example, we may decide to offer shares of our capital stock as digital securities, in which case the shares of stock would be the same as any other shares of the same class of stock except that such shares would be uncertificated and represented exclusively as book-entries on a ledger system including a cryptographically-secured distributed ledger.
Digital securities have the same rights, preferences and privileges as traditional securities of the same class. Digital securities do, however, settle in a different manner from traditional securities and, therefore, until digital securities are approved for trading on the national market system, digital securities need to be traded on a novel closed-system trading platform, regulated as an alternative trading system, or ATS. Because of the extra complexity it would cause to have some securities trading on a closed-system ATS at one price, while other securities of the same class are trading on the Nasdaq Global Market at a different price, until digital securities are approved for trading on the national market system, we are not planning to sell in a registered public offering any digital securities of the same class as any existing securities that are already listed for trading on the Nasdaq Global Market or that may be issued in the future on any other NMS trading platform. Instead, we expect to issue any such digital securities as a separate class to distinguish them from the securities trading on the Nasdaq Global Market or in other NMS markets. For example, if we decide to issue shares of stock as digital securities in a registered public offering at a time when digital securities are not approved for trading on the national market system, we would expect to issue either a new class of preferred stock or reclassify our existing common stock as Class A common stock so that we could issue a new Class B common stock as digital securities.
During 2014, we acquired a 24.9% interest in Pro Securities LLC, a broker-dealer operating a registered ATS, as part of our efforts to develop and license software to trade digital securities using crypto-technologies. In conjunction with the agreement to purchase this interest in Pro Securities LLC, we formed Medici, Inc., doing business as TØ.com, to develop and own the digital securities trading platform technology we refer to as the TØ technology or the TØ software. TØ.com will license the TØ technology on a non-exclusive basis to Pro Securities LLC. TØ.com is an entity that is 75.1% owned by us and 24.9% owned by other parties. Pro Securities LLC currently has the operational capability to
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trade digital securities. This trading platform uses the same distributed ledger technology with the same algorithm-based consensus approach as that used for virtual currency. The distributed ledger technology underlying virtual currency is comprised of multiple copies of a synchronized ledger, or database, separately maintained by participants on the distributed ledger network, instead of a single ledger maintained by a trusted central authority. Transactions on the network, including those involving digital securities, are validated before being reflected on the distributed ledger through an algorithm-based consensus approach, instead of trusting a central authority to make the ledger entries. Participants in a distributed ledger include persons who have access to the ledger on a read-only basis, persons who can initiate changes to the ledger by participating in a transaction to be recorded on the ledger, and persons who validate the transactions on the ledger. Certain participants, typically the ones in charge of validating the transactions on the ledger, may receive transaction fees as an incentive to provide validation hardware and services to the network. In the case of Bitcoin, participants choosing to validate transactions do so by providing and powering the hardware needed by the network to solve complex algorithms and, in return, receive de minimis fees from the transferor as part of a bitcoin transaction recorded on the Bitcoin Blockchain. The algorithms required to validate a transaction on the Blockchain become increasingly more complex, which requires an increasingly large percentage of the validation hardware to solve them. Once the solved algorithm is sufficiently complex, the transaction is deemed valid because a consensus of mining power must have been used to achieve the solution. Of course, the Bitcoin Blockchain is intended to be used as a currency ledger and the participants all treat it as such, but the transaction costs are so de minimis that it is feasible for the ATS to transfer a very small amount of bitcoin from one of its wallets to another in order to embed into the Bitcoin Blockchain and immutably store the transaction data for transfers of digital securities. The participants validating currency transactions on the Bitcoin Blockchain would not have any role in verifying any of the transaction data associated with transfers of digital securities. Any compensation received by participants in the distributed ledger network is received without regard to the transaction relating to digital securities but rather is received in the ordinary course under the applicable ledger transaction protocol. Any such transaction fees are expected to be de minimis and are expected to be borne by the ATS, not by the issuer or holders of digital securities.
We are also aware of other projects attempting to develop similar technology. We may decide to issue digital securities utilizing the existing digital securities ATS technology or on a new technology platform for digital securities developed in the future.
Digital securities are designed to enable trades to settle immediately or nearly immediately, unlike traditional securities, such as shares of our common stock, trades of which settle on the third day following the day the purchase and sale commitment is made. This delayed settlement for traditional securities is known as "T+3 settlement," which stands for "trade date plus 3 days," and is the current standard in the United States for settlement of all traded securities other than digital securities. In addition, digital securities are designed to enable the securities holder to hold its securities directly or through its broker-dealer, outside the system for traditional securities where a physical certificate is held by Cede & Co., as nominee for the Depository Trust Company, or DTC, in which broker-dealers are participants and hold a beneficial interest in shares in "street name" for their customers. Digital securities are novel and untested and do not follow accepted conventions, such as T+3 settlement and the "street name" conventions used by DTC participants. As such, our digital securities are subject to the following additional risks as well as those described in the prospectus supplement applicable to the offering of such securities.
In cases where the ATS uses the Bitcoin Blockchain as the distributed ledger, the TØ software will embed the anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data periodically into the distributed ledger. When a person sends bitcoin to another wallet using the open-source Bitcoin client software, there is an editable field that can be used to embed code or other data within the Blockchain. The TØ software uses this feature to embed the anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data
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periodically into the Bitcoin Blockchain. Similar methods exist for embedding data into other distributed ledgers to take advantage of the immutability of a distributed ledger. The anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data embedded in the distributed ledger is encrypted, but the TØ software automatically publishes to the internet information necessary to decrypt and read the anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data embedded in the distributed ledger (specifically, the number of securities traded by each anonymized account, the price of each trade and the balance of the securities held in each anonymized account) so that anyone with basic cryptographic technical skills will have access to the anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data on a near real-time basis. The TØ software also automatically provides the historical executed trade data (specifically, the identity of each record holder, the number of securities traded, the price of each trade and the balance of securities held by each record holder) in readable format to the issuer and its transfer agent.
In June 2015, the Company completed the first offering of corporate bonds as digital securities using the same underlying TØ technology that will be used by the ATS to trade digital securities. The digital bonds were issued by Overstock in an unregistered public offering pursuant to Rule 506(c) of Regulation D and are restricted securities, so we do not expect significant secondary market activity to develop with respect to the digital bonds. As such, the digital bond offering was a limited demonstration of the underlying TØ technology in circumstances where secondary market trading is limited or non-existent.
Our digital securities may be traded exclusively on a closed trading system with limited volume and liquidity.
Because digital securities settle differently from traditional securities, such as shares of our common stock traded on the Nasdaq Global Market, our digital securities will not be listed for trading on any stock exchange or through any other national market system, or NMS, trading platform. Digital securities will be issued, available for purchase and traded exclusively on a specific trading system that is registered with the SEC as an alternative trading system, or ATS. With respect to the digital securities traded on an ATS, the system will be closed so that only certain subscribers to the ATS may buy and sell the digital securities. Only registered broker-dealers may be subscribers to the ATS. Each subscriber to the ATS would be eligible upon execution of a license agreement to use the TØ software and the subscriber's customers could begin trading digital securities following some basic technical integration services provided to the subscriber by the ATS. Subscribers will also need to agree to share the identity of their customers with the issuer and its transfer agent. In addition, because the digital securities will be their own separate class of securities, distinct from any other securities trading on the NMS, the ATS trading our digital securities is likely to experience limited trading volume with a relatively small number of shares trading on the ATS platform as compared to our securities trading on NMS trading platforms. As a result, this novel trading system may have limited liquidity, resulting in a lower or higher price or greater volatility than would be the case with greater liquidity. You may not be able to resell your digital securities on a timely basis or at all.
The distributed ledger technology used by the ATS is novel and untested with respect to digital securities.
Our digital securities will be traded on a novel, untested system developed by the ATS specifically for trading digital securities. This novel trading system is subject to all the usual risks associated with the fact it is new and untested, including:
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The digital securities trading ledger is publicly available which may give rise to privacy concerns.
The distributed ledger used to record transfers of ownership of our digital securities will be available to the public and stores the complete trading history from inception of the issuance of the digital securities. The digital securities are represented by ledger balances and secured by cryptographic key pairs and only the public-key-derived wallet address is exposed to the public on the distributed ledger. The personal identity information necessary to associate a public key representing a given block of digital securities with the owner of those securities will be maintained in a separate database that is not exposed to the public. As such, robust and transparent trading data, other than holder identity, with respect to our digital securities will be publicly available. This may make it more difficult for holders to execute certain trading strategies. If there are security breaches with respect to the holders' personal identity information database resulting in theft of the information necessary to link personal identity with public keys, the stolen information could be used to determine the affected holder's complete trading history in our digital securities. Moreover, concerns over these issues may limit adoption of this novel trading system by a range of potential investors, reducing liquidity of our digital securities.
The private cryptographic keys associated with digital securities could be stolen.
Our digital securities are represented by ledger balances and secured by cryptographic key pairs. The associated private key is necessary to effect the sale of a given block of our digital securities and, as such, is meant to be kept private. The general public, however, is not yet accustomed to using secure cryptographic methods and managing private keys. To make the system more user-friendly, at least initially, either the ATS trading our digital securities or each broker-dealer participating on that ATS is expected to hold the private keys on behalf of securities holders. This will enable securities holders to manage their digital securities account with a simple login and password, similar to traditional online brokerage accounts. As such, initially, our digital securities may be as vulnerable to cyber theft as a traditional online brokerage account would be. If the repository is hacked and private keys are stolen, the thief could transfer affected digital securities to its own account and sell the digital securities. Each broker-dealer with access to the ATS trading our digital securities is expected to know its customers that have accounts set up for trading our digital securities, but there can be no assurance that such theft would be detected in time to hold the culprit accountable. The risk of theft of private keys is heightened so long as a centralized repository holds the private keys on behalf of security holders, as the thief is able to target a single security system for breach of multiple accounts.
The number of securities traded on a digital securities ATS may be very small, making the market price more easily manipulated.
While we intend to allow our digital securities to trade only on an ATS that has adopted policies and procedures such that digital security holders are not free to manipulate the trading price of digital securities contrary to applicable law, and while the risk of market manipulation exists in connection with the trading of any securities, the risk may be greater for our digital securities because the ATS on which they trade is a closed system that does not have the same breadth of market and liquidity as the
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national market system. There can be no assurance that the efforts of the ATS or the digital security holders' broker-dealers will be sufficient to prevent such market manipulation. For example, there can be no assurance that a security holder will not be able to manipulate the stock price by opening multiple accounts and trading among those accounts.
The payment mechanics for digital securities are novel and untested.
While we intend to allow our digital securities to trade only on an ATS that has adopted payment mechanics that match the speed and irrevocability associated with immediate or nearly immediate settlement of digital securities, the payment mechanics of the ATS are novel and untested. To the extent the ATS and applicable broker-dealer net capital regulations would permit broker-dealers to issue cash balances on the distributed ledger in amounts that exceed actual cash held by such broker-dealer in its customer accounts, there could be systemic risk to the system associated with payment defaults.
An ATS is not a stock exchange and has no listing requirements for issuers or for the securities traded.
There are no minimum price or other listing requirements for trading digital securities on the ATS like the Nasdaq Global Market or other NMS trading platform. As a result, trades of digital securities on the ATS may not be at prices that represent the national best bid or offer prices of securities that could be considered similar securities or that otherwise correspond to the prices of such securities on a national securities exchange.
The price of our digital securities, even when we issue equity securities that rank on a parity with our common stock, is not pegged to the value of our common stock.
We do not expect to issue digital securities that can be converted or exchanged for traditional securities of the same class as are trading on an NMS trading platform. As such, the price of our digital securities will not be directly tied to the price of any of our securities trading on an NMS trading platform. Even if we issue digital securities that rank on a parity with our common stock that is traded on the Nasdaq Global Market, such digital securities are likely to have significantly different pricing associated with the different trading environment for the digital securities as compared to our common stock trading on the Nasdaq Global Market. The following factors may drive such a pricing differential between our digital securities that rank on parity with our common stock trading on the Nasdaq Global Market:
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This prospectus, each prospectus supplement and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus and each prospectus supplement contain certain statements that constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). The words "anticipate," "expect," "believe," "goal," "plan," "intend," "estimate," "may," "will," and similar expressions and variations thereof are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. Those statements appear in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated herein and therein by reference, particularly in the sections entitled "Prospectus Summary," "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Business," and include statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of the company and management that are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section titled "Risk Factors" set forth above.
This prospectus, any prospectus supplement and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement also contain statements that are based on management's current expectations and beliefs, including estimates and projections about our company, industry, financial condition, results of operations and other matters. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to numerous risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that may cause actual results to vary materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements.
Because forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States and the rules and regulations of the SEC, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein after we distribute this prospectus, whether as a result of any new information, future events or otherwise.
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RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
The following table sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for each of the periods indicated. You should read these ratios in connection with our consolidated financial statements, including the notes to those statements, and the other financial information included or incorporated by reference herein. See Exhibit 12.1 hereto for additional detail regarding the computation of the ratio of earnings to fixed charges.
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(Unaudited) Fiscal Year Ended December 31, |
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2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | |||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges |
3.5x | N/A | 5.2x | 5.7x | 4.3x | |||||||||||
Deficiency of earnings to fixed charges (in thousands) |
N/A | $ | (19,580 | ) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
For 2011, earnings were insufficient to cover fixed charges, and the dollar amount of the deficiency is shown.
As of the date of this prospectus, and during all of the periods shown above, we had no preferred stock outstanding. Consequently, our ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends would be identical.
For the purpose of this computation, the term "fixed charges" means the sum of the following: (a) interest expensed and capitalized, (b) amortized premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness, (c) an estimate of the interest within rental expense, and (d) preference security dividend requirements of consolidated subsidiaries. The term "earnings" is the amount resulting from adding and subtracting the following items: (a) pre-tax income from continuing operations before adjustment for income or loss from equity investees, plus (b) fixed charges, plus (c) amortization of capitalized interest, plus (d) distributed income of equity investees, plus (e) our share of pre-tax losses of equity investees for which charges arising from guarantees are included in fixed charges, less the following: (a) interest capitalized, (b) preference security dividend requirements of consolidated subsidiaries, and (c) the noncontrolling interest in pre-tax income of subsidiaries that have not incurred fixed charges.
Unless otherwise indicated in any prospectus supplement, we will use the net proceeds from the sale of securities offered by this prospectus for general corporate purposes, which may include working capital, capital expenditures, other corporate expenses and acquisitions of complementary products, technologies or businesses. The prospectus supplement with respect to an offering of offered securities may identify different or additional uses of proceeds for that offering. The timing and amount of our actual expenditures will be based on many factors, including cash flows from operations and the anticipated needs of our business. As a result, unless otherwise indicated in any prospectus supplement, our management will have broad discretion to allocate the net proceeds of the offering. Except as otherwise stated in any prospectus supplement, pending their ultimate use, we intend to invest the net proceeds in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing instruments.
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The following information describes our common stock and preferred stock, as well as certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws. This description is only a summary. You should also refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which have been filed with the SEC as exhibits to our registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part.
General
Our authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Our board of directors may establish the rights and preferences of the preferred stock from time to time. As of May 31, 2015, there were 24,323,938 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Our board of directors is authorized, without stockholder approval except as required by the listing standards of the Nasdaq Global Market, to issue additional shares of our capital stock.
The following is a summary of the material provisions of the common stock and preferred stock provided for in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, each as amended to date. For additional detail about our capital stock, please refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws.
To the extent we issue shares of our capital stock with voting rights as digital securities, the retail holder of these shares will be the record holder and may vote these digital securities directly in the same manner as other record holders of our securities. Traditional securities are typically held in "street name" by a broker-dealer that is a participant of DTC which is the record holder through its nominee Cede & Co. Holders of traditional securities may not show up to a stockholder meeting and vote their shares without first making special arrangements with the broker-dealer that owns the shares of record and holds the voting power associated with the shares.
Other than the differences in voting procedures described above, the rights of digital securities are expected to be identical to the rights of traditional securities.
Common Stock
The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation prohibits cumulative voting. Because of this, the holders of a plurality of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election. With respect to matters other than the election of directors, at any meeting of the stockholders at which a quorum is present or represented, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at such meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter (which shares voting affirmatively also constitute at least a majority of the required quorum) shall be the act of the stockholders, except as otherwise required by law. The holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation prohibits stockholders from taking action by written consent in lieu of a meeting.
Subject to any preferential rights of any outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends or other distributions that may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of funds legally available therefor. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain any earnings for future growth and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to
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pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our results of operations, financial conditions, contractual and legal restrictions and other factors the board deems relevant. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock would be entitled to share ratably in our assets remaining after the payment of liabilities, subject to prior distribution rights of any preferred stock then outstanding.
Holders of our common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights, and there are no redemption provisions applicable to the common stock. The outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.
Other Obligations to Issue Capital Stock
We have equity incentive plans that provide for the grant of stock-based awards, including stock options and restricted stock units, to employees, directors and consultants.
Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units
As of March 31, 2015, we had outstanding options to acquire 212,200 shares of common stock and outstanding restricted stock unit awards covering 232,739 shares of common stock under our 2005 Equity Incentive Plan, and had reserved an additional 2,666,218 shares of common stock for future option and restricted stock unit grants. The restricted stock units vest over three-year periods at varying rates and are subject to the holder's continuing service.
Preferred Stock
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that we may issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share, or preferred stock. As of the date of this prospectus no shares of our preferred stock are issued and outstanding.
The following description of preferred stock and the description of the terms of any particular series of preferred stock that we choose to issue hereunder and that will be set forth in the related prospectus supplement are not complete. These descriptions are qualified in their entirety by reference to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the certificate of designations relating to any series of preferred stock. The rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of the preferred stock of each series will be fixed by the certificate of designations relating to that series. The prospectus supplement also will contain a description of any material United States federal income tax consequences relating to the purchase and ownership of the series of preferred stock that is described in the prospectus supplement.
Under the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors is authorized to issue shares of preferred stock in one or more series without stockholder approval. Our board of directors has the discretion to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, of each series of preferred stock.
The prospectus supplement for a series of preferred stock will specify:
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The issuance of shares of preferred stock would affect, and could adversely affect, the rights of holders of common stock. It is not possible to state the actual effect of the issuance of any shares of preferred stock on the rights of holders of common stock until our board of directors determines the specific rights attached to that preferred stock. However, the effects of issuing preferred stock could include one or more of the following:
Anti-Takeover Effects of Certain Provisions of Delaware Law
Provisions of Delaware law and of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make the acquisition of our company through a tender offer, a proxy contest or other means more difficult and could make the removal of incumbent officers and directors more difficult. We expect these provisions to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of our company to first negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits provided by our ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unsolicited proposal outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging these proposals. We believe the negotiation of an unsolicited proposal could result in an improvement of its terms.
We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL"), an anti-takeover law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a "business combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder, unless:
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determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or
In general, Section 203 defines a business combination to include:
In general, an "interested stockholder" is a person who owns or, in certain circumstances, within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, did own 15% or more of a corporation's outstanding voting securities. We expect the existence of this provision to have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions our board of directors does not approve in advance.
Anti-Takeover Effects of Certain Provisions of Our Charter Documents
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or changes in our management that the stockholders of our company may deem advantageous. These provisions among other things:
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Transfer Agent and Registrar
Our transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A. Its address is 250 Royall Street, Canton, MA 02021.
Listing
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the trading symbol "OSTK."
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DESCRIPTION OF THE DEPOSITARY SHARES
General
At our option, we may elect to offer fractional shares of preferred stock, rather than full shares of preferred stock. If we do elect to offer fractional shares of preferred stock, we will issue receipts for depositary shares and each of these depositary shares will represent a fraction of a share of a particular series of preferred stock, as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Each owner of a depositary share will be entitled, in proportion to the applicable fractional interest in shares of preferred stock underlying that depositary share, to all rights and preferences of the preferred stock underlying that depositary share. These rights may include dividend, voting, redemption and liquidation rights.
The shares of preferred stock underlying the depositary shares will be deposited with a bank or trust company selected by us to act as depositary, under a deposit agreement by and among us, the depositary and the holders of the depositary receipts. The depositary will be the transfer agent, registrar and dividend disbursing agent for the depositary shares.
The depositary shares will be evidenced by depositary receipts issued pursuant to the depositary agreement. Holders of depositary receipts agree to be bound by the deposit agreement, which requires holders to take certain actions such as filing proof of residence and paying certain charges.
The summary of terms of the depositary shares contained in this prospectus is not complete, and is subject to modification in any prospectus supplement for any issuance of depositary shares. You should refer to the forms of the deposit agreement, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the certificate of designations that are, or will be, filed with the SEC for the applicable series of preferred stock.
Dividends
The depositary will distribute cash dividends or other cash distributions, if any, received in respect of the series of preferred stock underlying the depositary shares to the record holders of depositary receipts in proportion to the number of depositary shares owned by those holders on the relevant record date. The relevant record date for depositary shares will be the same date as the record date for the preferred stock.
In the event of a distribution other than in cash, the depositary will distribute property received by it to the record holders of depositary receipts that are entitled to receive the distribution, unless the depositary determines that it is not feasible to make the distribution. If this occurs, the depositary, with our approval, may adopt another method for the distribution, including selling the property and distributing the net proceeds to the holders.
Liquidation Preference
If a series of preferred stock underlying the depositary shares has a liquidation preference, in the event of our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of depositary shares will be entitled to receive the fraction of the liquidation preference accorded each share of the applicable series of preferred stock, as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Redemption
If a series of preferred stock underlying the depositary shares is subject to redemption, the depositary shares will be redeemed from the proceeds received by the depositary resulting from the redemption, in whole or in part, of the preferred stock held by the depositary. Whenever we redeem any preferred stock held by the depositary, the depositary will redeem, as of the same redemption date,
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the number of depositary shares representing the preferred stock so redeemed. The depositary will mail the notice of redemption to the record holders of the depositary receipts promptly upon receiving the notice from us and not fewer than 20 or more than 60 days, unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, prior to the date fixed for redemption of the preferred stock.
Voting
Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of preferred stock are entitled to vote, the depositary will mail the information contained in the notice of meeting to the record holders of the depositary receipts underlying the preferred stock. Each record holder of those depositary receipts on the record date will be entitled to instruct the depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights pertaining to the amount of preferred stock underlying that holder's depositary shares. The record date for the depositary will be the same date as the record date for the preferred stock. The depositary will, to the extent practicable, vote the preferred stock underlying the depositary shares in accordance with these instructions. We will agree to take all action that may be deemed necessary by the depositary in order to enable the depositary to vote the preferred stock in accordance with these instructions. The depositary will not vote the preferred stock to the extent that it does not receive specific instructions from the holders of depositary receipts.
Withdrawal of Preferred Stock
Owners of depositary shares will be entitled to receive upon surrender of depositary receipts at the principal office of the depositary and payment of any unpaid amount due to the depositary, the number of whole shares of preferred stock underlying their depositary shares.
Partial shares of preferred stock will not be issued. Holders of preferred stock will not be entitled to deposit the shares under the deposit agreement or to receive depositary receipts evidencing depositary shares for the preferred stock.
Amendment and Termination of the Deposit Agreement
The form of depositary receipt evidencing the depositary shares and any provision of the deposit agreement may be amended by agreement between the depositary and us. However, any amendment which materially and adversely alters the rights of the holders of depositary shares, other than fee changes, will not be effective unless the amendment has been approved by at least a majority of the outstanding depositary shares. The deposit agreement may be terminated by the depositary or us only if:
Charges of Depositary
We will pay all transfer and other taxes and governmental charges arising solely from the existence of the depositary arrangement. We will also pay charges of the depositary in connection with:
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Holders of depositary receipts will pay transfer, income and other taxes and governmental charges and other specified charges as provided in the deposit agreement for their accounts. If these charges have not been paid, the depositary may:
Miscellaneous
The depositary will forward to the holders of depositary receipts all reports and communications we deliver to the depositary that we are required to furnish to the holders of the preferred stock. In addition, the depositary will make available for inspection by holders of depositary receipts at the principal office of the depositary, and at such other places as it may from time to time deem advisable, any reports and communications we deliver to the depositary as the holder of preferred stock.
Neither the depositary nor we will be liable if either the depositary or we are prevented or delayed by law or any circumstance beyond the control of either the depositary or us in performing our respective obligations under the deposit agreement. Our obligations and the depositary's obligations will be limited to the performance in good faith of our or the depositary's respective duties under the deposit agreement. Neither the depositary nor we will be obligated to prosecute or defend any legal proceeding in respect of any depositary shares or preferred stock unless satisfactory indemnity is furnished. The depositary and we may rely on:
Resignation and Removal of Depositary
The depositary may resign at any time by delivering a notice to us. We may remove the depositary at any time. Any such resignation or removal will take effect upon the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment. The successor depositary must be appointed within 60 days after delivery of the notice for resignation or removal. The successor depositary must be a bank and trust company having its principal office in the United States of America and having a combined capital and surplus of at least $100,000,000.
Federal Income Tax Consequences
Owners of the depositary shares will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as if they were owners of the preferred stock underlying the depositary shares. As a result, owners will be treated as receiving a proportionate share of all cash or other property received by the depositary in respect of such preferred stock. No gain or loss will be recognized for U.S. federal income tax purposes upon the withdrawal of preferred stock in exchange for depositary shares. The tax basis of each share of preferred stock to an exchanging owner of depositary shares will, upon such exchange, be the same as the aggregate tax basis of the depositary shares exchanged. The holding period for preferred stock in the hands of an exchanging owner of depositary shares will include the period during which such person owned such depositary shares.
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General
We may issue warrants for the purchase of our debt securities, preferred stock or common stock, or any combination thereof. Warrants may be issued independently or together with our debt securities, preferred stock or common stock and may be attached to or separate from any offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as warrant agent. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants. The warrant agent will not have any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or beneficial owners of warrants. This summary of certain provisions of the warrants is not complete. For the terms of a particular series of warrants, you should refer to the prospectus supplement for that series of warrants and the warrant agreement for that particular series.
Debt Warrants
The prospectus supplement relating to a particular issue of warrants to purchase debt securities will describe the terms of the debt warrants, including the following:
Debt warrant certificates will be exchangeable for new debt warrant certificates of different denominations. Debt warrants may be exercised at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or
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any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement. Prior to the exercise of their debt warrants, holders of debt warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the debt securities purchasable upon exercise and will not be entitled to payment of principal or any premium, if any, or interest on the debt securities purchasable upon exercise.
Equity Warrants
The prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants to purchase our common stock or preferred stock will describe the terms of the warrants, including the following:
Holders of equity warrants, as such, will not be entitled:
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DESCRIPTION OF THE DEBT SECURITIES
The debt securities may be either secured or unsecured and will either be our senior debt securities or our subordinated debt securities. The debt securities will be issued under one or more separate indentures between us and a trustee to be specified in an accompanying prospectus supplement. Senior debt securities will be issued under a senior indenture and subordinated debt securities will be issued under a subordinated indenture. Together, the senior indenture and the subordinated indenture are called indentures in this description. This prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplement, will describe the terms of a particular series of debt securities.
The following is a summary of selected provisions and definitions of the indentures and debt securities to which any prospectus supplement may relate. The summary of selected provisions of the indentures and the debt securities appearing below is not complete and is subject to, and qualified entirely by reference to, all of the provisions of the applicable indenture and certificates evidencing the applicable debt securities. For additional information, you should look at the applicable indenture and the certificate evidencing the applicable debt security that is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement that includes this prospectus. In this description of the debt securities, the words "we," "us," or "our" refer only to Overstock.com, Inc. and not to any of our subsidiaries, unless we expressly state otherwise or the context otherwise requires.
The following description sets forth selected general terms and provisions of the applicable indenture and debt securities to which any prospectus supplement may relate. Other specific terms of the applicable indenture and debt securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. If any particular terms of the indenture or debt securities described in a prospectus supplement differ from any of the terms described below, then the terms described below will be deemed to have been superseded by that prospectus supplement.
General
Debt securities may be issued in separate series without limitation as to aggregate principal amount. We may specify a maximum aggregate principal amount for the debt securities of any series.
We are not limited as to the amount of debt securities we may issue under the indentures. Unless otherwise provided in a prospectus supplement, a series of debt securities may be reopened to issue additional debt securities of such series.
The prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of debt securities will set forth:
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Unless otherwise specified in the prospectus supplement, the debt securities will be registered debt securities. Debt securities may be sold at a substantial discount below their stated principal amount, bearing no interest or interest at a rate which at time of issuance is below market rates. The material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities sold at a discount will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
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Exchange and Transfer
Debt securities may be transferred or exchanged at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us.
We will not impose a service charge for any transfer or exchange, but we may require holders to pay any tax or other governmental charges associated with any transfer or exchange.
In the event of any partial redemption of debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:
We will appoint the trustee as the initial security registrar. Any transfer agent, in addition to the security registrar initially designated by us, will be named in the prospectus supplement. We may designate additional transfer agents or change transfer agents or change the office of the transfer agent.
However, we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.
Global Securities
The debt securities of any series may be represented, in whole or in part, by one or more global securities. Each global security will:
No global security may be exchanged in whole or in part for debt securities registered in the name of any person other than the depositary or any nominee unless:
As long as the depositary, or its nominee, is the registered owner of a global security, the depositary or nominee will be considered the sole owner and holder of the debt securities represented by the global security for all purposes under the indentures. Except in the above limited circumstances, owners of beneficial interests in a global security will not be:
Payments on a global security will be made to the depositary or its nominee as the holder of the global security. Some jurisdictions have laws that require that certain purchasers of securities take
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physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. These laws may impair the ability to transfer beneficial interests in a global security.
Institutions that have accounts with the depositary or its nominee are referred to as "participants." Ownership of beneficial interests in a global security will be limited to participants and to persons that may hold beneficial interests through participants. The depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the respective principal amounts of debt securities represented by the global security to the accounts of its participants.
Ownership of beneficial interests in a global security will be shown on and effected through records maintained by the depositary, with respect to participants' interests, or any participant, with respect to interests of persons held by participants on their behalf.
Payments, transfers and exchanges relating to beneficial interests in a global security will be subject to policies and procedures of the depositary. The depositary policies and procedures may change from time to time. Neither any trustee nor we will have any responsibility or liability for the depositary's or any participant's records with respect to beneficial interests in a global security.
Payment and Paying Agents
Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, the provisions described in this paragraph will apply to the debt securities. Payment of interest on a debt security on any interest payment date will be made to the person in whose name the debt security is registered at the close of business on the record date. Payment on debt securities of a particular series will be payable at the office of a paying agent or paying agents designated by us. However, at our option, we may pay interest by mailing a check to the record holder. The trustee will be designated as our initial paying agent.
We may also name any other paying agents in a prospectus supplement. We may designate additional paying agents, change paying agents or change the office of any paying agent. However, we will be required to maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.
All moneys paid by us to a paying agent for payment on any debt security that remain unclaimed for a period ending the earlier of:
will be repaid to us thereafter, and the holder may then look only to us for such payment.
No Protection in the Event of a Change of Control
Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement with respect to a particular series of debt securities, the debt securities will not contain any provisions that may afford holders of the debt securities protection in the event we have a change in control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction, whether or not such transaction results in a change in control.
Covenants
Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement with respect to a particular series of debt securities, the debt securities will not contain any financial or restrictive covenants.
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement with respect to a particular series of debt securities, we may not consolidate with or merge into any other person (other than one of our
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subsidiaries), in a transaction in which we are not the surviving corporation, or convey, transfer or lease our properties and assets substantially as an entirety to, any person (other than one of our subsidiaries), unless:
Events of Default
Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement, the following will be events of default for any series of debt securities under the indentures:
Additional or different events of default applicable to a series of debt securities may be described in a prospectus supplement. An event of default of one series of debt securities is not necessarily an event of default for any other series of debt securities.
The trustee may withhold notice to the holders of any default, except defaults in the payment of principal, premium, if any, interest, any sinking fund installment on, or with respect to any conversion right of, the debt securities of such series. However, the trustee must consider it to be in the interest of the holders of the debt securities of such series to withhold this notice.
Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement, if an event of default, other than an event of default described in the last bullet point above, shall occur and be continuing with respect to any series of debt securities, either the trustee or the holders of at least 25 percent in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding securities of that series may declare the principal amount and premium, if any, of the debt securities of that series, or if any debt securities of that series are original issue discount securities, such other amount as may be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, in each case together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, to be due and payable immediately.
Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement, if an event of default described in the last bullet point above shall occur, the principal amount and premium, if any, of all the debt securities of that series, or if any debt securities of that series are original issue discount securities, such other amount as may be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, in each case together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, will automatically become immediately due and payable. Any payment by us on the subordinated debt securities following any such acceleration will be subject to the subordination provisions described below under "Subordinated Debt Securities."
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, each indenture may provide that we may, at our option, elect that the sole remedy for an event of default relating to our failure to comply with our obligations described under the section entitled "Reports" below or our failure to comply with the requirements of Section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act will for the first 180 days after the occurrence of such an event of default consist exclusively of the right to receive additional interest on the relevant series of debt securities at an annual rate equal to (i) 0.25% of the principal amount of such series of debt securities for the first 90 days after the occurrence of such event of default and (ii) 0.50% of the principal amount of such series of debt securities from the 91st day to, and including, the 180th day after the occurrence of such event of default, which we call "additional interest." If we so elect, the additional interest will accrue on all outstanding debt securities from and including the date on which such event of default first occurs until such violation is cured or waived and shall be payable on each relevant interest payment date to holders of record on the regular record date immediately preceding the interest payment date. On the 181st day after such event of default (if such violation is not cured or waived prior to such 181st day), the debt securities will be subject to acceleration as provided above. In the event we do not elect to pay additional interest upon any such event of default in accordance with this paragraph, the debt securities will be subject to acceleration as provided above.
In order to elect to pay the additional interest as the sole remedy during the first 180 days after the occurrence of any event of default relating to the failure to comply with the reporting obligations in accordance with the preceding paragraph, we must notify all holders of debt securities and the trustee and paying agent of such election prior to the close of business on the first business day following the date on which such event of default occurs. Upon our failure to timely give such notice or pay the additional interest, the debt securities will be immediately subject to acceleration as provided above.
After acceleration, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding securities of that series may, under certain circumstances, rescind and annul such acceleration if all events of default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal, or other specified amounts or interest, have been cured or waived.
Other than the duty to act with the required care during an event of default, the trustee will not be obligated to exercise any of its rights or powers at the request of the holders unless the holders shall have offered to the trustee reasonable indemnity. Generally, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee.
A holder of debt securities of any series will not have any right to institute any proceeding under the indentures, or for the appointment of a receiver or a trustee, or for any other remedy under the indentures, unless:
Holders may, however, sue to enforce the payment of principal, premium or interest on any debt security on or after the due date or to enforce the right, if any, to convert any debt security (if the debt security is convertible) without following the procedures listed above.
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We will furnish the trustee an annual statement from our officers as to whether or not we are in default in the performance of the conditions and covenants under the indenture and, if so, specifying all known defaults.
Modification and Waiver
Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement, the applicable trustee and we may make modifications and amendments to an indenture with the consent of the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding securities of each series affected by the modification or amendment.
We may also make modifications and amendments to the indentures for the benefit of holders without their consent, for certain purposes including, but not limited to:
However, neither the trustee nor we may make any modification or amendment without the consent of the holder of each outstanding security of that series affected by the modification or amendment if such modification or amendment would:
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Satisfaction and Discharge; Defeasance
We may be discharged from our obligations on the debt securities, subject to limited exceptions, of any series that have matured or will mature or be redeemed within one year if we deposit enough money with the trustee to pay all the principal, interest and any premium due to the stated maturity date or redemption date of the debt securities.
Each indenture contains a provision that permits us to elect either or both of the following:
To make either of the above elections, we must irrevocably deposit in trust with the trustee enough money to pay in full the principal, interest and premium on the debt securities. This amount may be made in cash and/or U.S. government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars, cash in the currency in which such series of securities is denominated and/or foreign government obligations. As a condition to either of the above elections, for debt securities denominated in U.S. dollars we must deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel that the holders of the debt securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the action.
With respect to debt securities of any series that are denominated in a currency other than United States dollars, "foreign government obligations" means:
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Reports
The indentures provide that any reports or documents that we file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act will be filed with the trustee within 15 days after the same are filed with the SEC, and that documents filed by us with the SEC via the EDGAR system will be deemed filed with the trustee as of the time such documents are filed with the SEC.
Notices
Notices to holders will be given by mail to the addresses of the holders in the security register.
Governing Law
The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by, and construed under, the laws of the State of New York.
No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees or Stockholders
No incorporator, stockholder, employee, agent, officer, director or subsidiary of ours will have any liability for any obligations of ours, or because of the creation of any indebtedness under the debt securities, the indentures or supplemental indentures. The indentures provide that all such liability is expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of such indentures and the issuance of the debt securities.
Regarding the Trustee
The indentures limit the right of the trustee, should it become our creditor, to obtain payment of claims or secure its claims.
The trustee will be permitted to engage in certain other transactions with us. However, if the trustee acquires any conflicting interest, and there is a default under the debt securities of any series for which it is trustee, the trustee must eliminate the conflict or resign.
Subordinated Debt Securities
The following provisions will be applicable with respect to each series of subordinated debt securities, unless otherwise stated in the prospectus supplement relating to that series of subordinated debt securities.
The indebtedness evidenced by the subordinated debt securities of any series is subordinated, to the extent provided in the subordinated indenture and the applicable prospectus supplement, to the prior payment in full, in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of senior debt, of all senior debt, including any senior debt securities.
Upon any distribution of our assets upon any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization, whether voluntary or involuntary, marshalling of assets, assignment for the benefit of creditors, or in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar proceedings, payments on the subordinated debt securities will be subordinated in right of payment to the prior payment in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to holders of senior debt of all senior debt.
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In the event of any acceleration of the subordinated debt securities of any series because of an event of default with respect to the subordinated debt securities of that series, holders of any senior debt would be entitled to payment in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to holders of senior debt of all senior debt before the holders of subordinated debt securities are entitled to receive any payment or distribution.
In addition, the subordinated debt securities will be structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries, including trade payables and lease obligations. This occurs because our right to receive any assets of our subsidiaries upon their liquidation or reorganization, and your right to participate in those assets, will be effectively subordinated to the claims of that subsidiary's creditors, including trade creditors, except to the extent that we are recognized as a creditor of such subsidiary. If we are recognized as a creditor of that subsidiary, our claims would still be subordinate to any security interest in the assets of the subsidiary and any indebtedness of the subsidiary senior to us.
We are required to promptly notify holders of senior debt or their representatives under the subordinated indenture if payment of the subordinated debt securities is accelerated because of an event of default.
Under the subordinated indenture, we may also not make payment on the subordinated debt securities if:
We will resume payments on the subordinated debt securities:
No new payment blockage period may commence on the basis of a nonpayment default unless 365 days have elapsed from the effectiveness of the immediately prior payment blockage notice. No nonpayment default that existed or was continuing on the date of delivery of any payment blockage notice to the trustee shall be the basis for a subsequent payment blockage notice.
As a result of these subordination provisions, in the event of our bankruptcy, dissolution or reorganization, holders of senior debt may receive more, ratably, and holders of the subordinated debt securities may receive less, ratably, than our other creditors. The subordination provisions will not prevent the occurrence of any event of default under the subordinated indenture.
The subordination provisions will not apply to payments from money or government obligations held in trust by the trustee for the payment of principal, interest and premium, if any, on subordinated debt securities pursuant to the provisions described under the section entitled "Satisfaction and Discharge; Defeasance," if the subordination provisions were not violated at the time the money or government obligations were deposited into trust.
If the trustee or any holder receives any payment that should not have been made to them in contravention of subordination provisions before all senior debt is paid in full in cash or other payment
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satisfactory to holders of senior debt, then such payment will be held in trust for the holders of senior debt.
Senior debt securities will constitute senior debt under the subordinated indenture.
Additional or different subordination provisions may be described in a prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of debt securities.
Definitions
"Designated senior debt" means our obligations under any particular senior debt in which the instrument creating or evidencing the same or the assumption or guarantee thereof, or related agreements or documents to which we are a party, expressly provides that such indebtedness shall be designated senior debt for purposes of the subordinated indenture. The instrument, agreement or other document evidencing any designated senior debt may place limitations and conditions on the right of such senior debt to exercise the rights of designated senior debt.
"Indebtedness" means the following, whether absolute or contingent, secured or unsecured, due or to become due, outstanding on the date of the indenture for such series of securities or thereafter created, incurred or assumed:
"Senior debt" means the principal of, premium, if any, and interest, including all interest accruing subsequent to the commencement of any bankruptcy or similar proceeding, whether or not a claim for post-petition interest is allowable as a claim in any such proceeding, and rent payable on or in
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connection with, and all fees and other amounts payable in connection with, our indebtedness. However, senior debt shall not include:
"Subsidiary" means a corporation more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by us or by one or more of our other subsidiaries or by a combination of us and our other subsidiaries. For purposes of this definition, "voting stock" means stock or other similar interests which ordinarily has or have voting power for the election of directors, or persons performing similar functions, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock or other interests has or have such voting power by reason of any contingency.
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We may issue units consisting of one or more of the other classes of securities described in this prospectus in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The units may be issued under unit agreements to be entered into between us and a unit agent, as detailed in the prospectus supplement relating to the units being offered. The prospectus supplement will describe:
The descriptions of the units in this prospectus and in any prospectus supplement are summaries of the material provisions of the applicable agreements. These descriptions do not restate those agreements in their entirety and may not contain all the information that you may find useful. We urge you to read the applicable agreements because they, and not the summaries, define your rights as holders of the units. For more information, please review the forms of the relevant agreements, which will be filed with the SEC and will be available as described under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information."
We may sell the securities offered through this prospectus (1) to or through underwriters or dealers, (2) directly to purchasers, including our affiliates, (3) through agents, or (4) through a combination of any these methods. The securities may be distributed at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, market prices prevailing at the time of sale, prices related to the prevailing market prices, or negotiated prices. The prospectus supplement will include the following information:
We may issue to the holders of our common stock on a pro rata basis for no consideration, subscription rights to purchase shares of our common stock or preferred stock. These subscription
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rights may or may not be transferable by stockholders. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the specific terms of any offering of our common or preferred stock through the issuance of subscription rights, including the terms of the subscription rights offering, the terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the subscription rights and, if applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement entered into by us in connection with the offering of common or preferred stock through the issuance of subscription rights.
Sale Through Underwriters or Dealers
If underwriters are used in the sale, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account, including through underwriting, purchase, security lending or repurchase agreements with us. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions. Underwriters may sell the securities in order to facilitate transactions in any of our other securities (described in this prospectus or otherwise), including other public or private transactions and short sales. Underwriters may offer securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the offered securities if they purchase any of them. The underwriters may change from time to time any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers. The prospectus supplement will include the names of the principal underwriters, the respective amount of securities underwritten, the nature of the obligation of the underwriters to take the securities and the nature of any material relationship between an underwriter and us.
If dealers are used in the sale of securities offered through this prospectus, we will sell the securities to them as principals. They may then resell those securities to the public at varying prices determined by the dealers at the time of resale. The prospectus supplement will include the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction.
Direct Sales and Sales Through Agents
We may sell the securities offered through this prospectus directly. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. Such securities may also be sold through agents designated from time to time. The prospectus supplement will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities and will describe any commissions payable to the agent by us. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of its appointment.
We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale of those securities. The terms of any such sales will be described in the prospectus supplement.
Delayed Delivery Contracts
If the prospectus supplement indicates, we may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from certain types of institutions to purchase securities at the public offering price under delayed delivery contracts. These contracts would provide for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. The contracts would be subject only to those conditions described in the prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the commission payable for solicitation of those contracts.
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Market Making, Stabilization and Other Transactions
Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, each series of offered securities will be a new issue and will have no established trading market. We may elect to list any series of offered securities on an exchange. Any underwriters that we use in the sale of offered securities may make a market in such securities, but may discontinue such market making at any time without notice. Therefore, we cannot assure you that the securities will have a liquid trading market.
Any underwriter may also engage in stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Rule 104 under the Exchange Act. Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase the underlying security in the open market for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the securities. Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions.
Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in a syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions. Stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would be in the absence of the transactions. The underwriters may, if they commence these transactions, discontinue them at any time.
Derivative Transactions and Hedging
We, the underwriters or other agents may engage in derivative transactions involving the securities. These derivatives may consist of short sale transactions and other hedging activities. The underwriters or agents may acquire a long or short position in the securities, hold or resell securities acquired and purchase options or futures on the securities and other derivative instruments with returns linked to or related to changes in the price of the securities. In order to facilitate these derivative transactions, we may enter into security lending or repurchase agreements with the underwriters or agents. The underwriters or agents may effect the derivative transactions through sales of the securities to the public, including short sales, or by lending the securities in order to facilitate short sale transactions by others. The underwriters or agents may also use the securities purchased or borrowed from us or others (or, in the case of derivatives, securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives) to directly or indirectly settle sales of the securities or close out any related open borrowings of the securities.
Electronic Auctions
We may also make sales through the Internet or through other electronic means. Since we may from time to time elect to offer securities directly to the public, with or without the involvement of agents, underwriters or dealers, utilizing the Internet or other forms of electronic bidding or ordering systems for the pricing and allocation of such securities, you should pay particular attention to the description of that system we will provide in a prospectus supplement.
Such electronic system may allow bidders to directly participate, through electronic access to an auction site, by submitting conditional offers to buy that are subject to acceptance by us, and which may directly affect the price or other terms and conditions at which such securities are sold. These bidding or ordering systems may present to each bidder, on a so-called "real-time" basis, relevant information to assist in making a bid, such as the clearing spread at which the offering would be sold, based on the bids submitted, and whether a bidder's individual bids would be accepted, prorated or rejected. For example, in the case of a debt security, the clearing spread could be indicated as a number of "basis points" above an index treasury note. Of course, many pricing methods can and may also be used.
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Upon completion of such an electronic auction process, securities will be allocated based on prices bid, terms of bid or other factors. The final offering price at which securities would be sold and the allocation of securities among bidders would be based in whole or in part on the results of the Internet or other electronic bidding process or auction.
General Information
Agents, underwriters, and dealers may be entitled, under agreements entered into with us, to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
Digital Securities ATS
We may decide to offer any of the securities described in this prospectus as digital securities, meaning the securities will be uncertificated securities, the ownership and transfer of which are recorded on a cryptographically-secured distributed ledger system using technology similar to (or the same as) the distributed ledger technology used for trading digital currencies.
Digital securities have the same rights, preferences and privileges as traditional securities of the same class. Digital securities do, however, settle in a different manner from traditional securities and, therefore, can only be traded on a novel closed-system trading platform, regulated as an alternative trading system, or ATS. Because of the extra complexity it would cause to have some securities trading on a closed-system ATS at one price, while other securities of the same class are trading on the Nasdaq Global Market at a different price, we are not planning to sell in a registered public offering any digital securities of the same class as any existing securities that are already listed for trading on the Nasdaq Global Market or that may be issued in the future on any other NMS trading platform. Instead, we expect to issue any such digital securities as a separate class to distinguish them from the securities trading on the Nasdaq Global Market or in other NMS markets. For example, if we decide to issue shares of stock as digital securities in a registered public offering, we would expect to issue either a new class of preferred stock or reclassify our existing common stock as Class A common stock so that we could issue a new Class B common stock as digital securities.
During 2014, we acquired a 24.9% interest in Pro Securities LLC, a broker-dealer operating a registered ATS, as part of our efforts to develop and license software to trade digital securities using crypto-technologies. In conjunction with the agreement to purchase this interest in Pro Securities LLC, we formed Medici, Inc., doing business as TØ.com, to develop and own the digital securities trading platform technology we refer to as the TØ technology or the TØ software. TØ.com will license the TØ technology on a non-exclusive basis to Pro Securities LLC. TØ.com is an entity that is 75.1% owned by us and 24.9% owned by other parties. Pro Securities LLC currently has the operational capability to trade digital securities. This trading platform uses the same distributed ledger technology with the same algorithm-based consensus approach as that used for virtual currency. The distributed ledger technology underlying virtual currency is comprised of multiple copies of a synchronized ledger, or database, separately maintained by participants on the distributed ledger network, instead of a single ledger maintained by a trusted central authority. Transactions on the network, including those involving digital securities, are validated before being reflected on the distributed ledger through an algorithm-based consensus approach, instead of trusting a central authority to make the ledger entries. Participants in a distributed ledger include persons who have access to the ledger on a read-only basis, persons who can initiate changes to the ledger by participating in a transaction to be recorded on the ledger, and persons who validate the transactions on the ledger. Certain participants, typically the ones in charge of validating the transactions on the ledger, may receive transaction fees as an incentive to provide validation hardware and services to the network. In the case of Bitcoin, participants choosing to validate transactions do so by providing and powering the hardware needed by the network to solve complex algorithms and, in return, receive de minimis fees from the transferor as part of a bitcoin transaction recorded on the Bitcoin Blockchain. The algorithms required to validate a transaction on
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the Blockchain become increasingly more complex, which requires an increasingly large percentage of the validation hardware to solve them. Once the solved algorithm is sufficiently complex, the transaction is deemed valid because a consensus of mining power must have been used to achieve the solution. Of course, the Bitcoin Blockchain is intended to be used as a currency ledger and the participants all treat it as such, but the transaction costs are so de minimis that it is feasible for the ATS to transfer a very small amount of bitcoin from one of its wallets to another in order to embed into the Bitcoin Blockchain and immutably store the transaction data for transfers of digital securities. The participants validating currency transactions on the Bitcoin Blockchain would not have any role in verifying any of the transaction data associated with transfers of digital securities. Any compensation received by participants in the distributed ledger network is received without regard to the transaction relating to digital securities but rather is received in the ordinary course under the applicable ledger transaction protocol. Any such transaction fees are expected to be de minimis and are expected to be borne by the ATS, not by the issuer or holders of digital securities.
We are also aware of other projects attempting to develop similar technology. We may decide to issue digital securities utilizing the existing digital securities ATS technology or on a new technology platform for digital securities developed in the future.
Digital securities are designed to enable trades to settle immediately or nearly immediately, unlike traditional securities, such as shares of our common stock, trades of which settle on a T+3 settlement basis, which is the current standard in the United States for settlement of all traded securities other than digital securities. In addition, digital securities are designed to enable the securities holder to hold its securities directly or through its broker-dealer, outside the system for traditional securities where such securities are held by Cede & Co., as nominee for the DTC, in which broker-dealers are participants and hold a beneficial interest in such shares in "street name" for their customers.
In cases where the ATS uses the Bitcoin Blockchain as the distributed ledger, the TØ software will embed the anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data periodically into the distributed ledger. When a person sends bitcoin to another wallet using the open-source Bitcoin client software, there is an editable field that can be used to embed code or other data within the Blockchain. The TØ software uses this feature to embed the anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data periodically into the Bitcoin Blockchain. Similar methods exist for embedding data into other distributed ledgers to take advantage of the immutability of a distributed ledger. The anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data embedded in the distributed ledger is encrypted, but the TØ software automatically publishes to the internet information necessary to decrypt and read the anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data embedded in the distributed ledger (specifically, the number of securities traded by each anonymized account, the price of each trade and the balance of the securities held in each anonymized account) so that anyone with basic cryptographic technical skills will have access to the anonymized historical executed digital securities trade data on a near real-time basis. The TØ software also automatically provides the historical executed trade data (specifically, the identity of each record holder, the number of securities traded, the price of each trade and the balance of securities held by each record holder) in readable format to the issuer and its transfer agent.
In June 2015, the Company completed the first offering of corporate bonds as digital securities using the same underlying TØ technology that will be used by the ATS to trade digital securities. The digital bonds were issued by Overstock in an unregistered public offering pursuant to Rule 506(c) of Regulation D and are restricted securities, so we do not expect significant secondary market activity to develop with respect to the digital bonds. As such, the digital bond offering was a limited demonstration of the underlying TØ technology in circumstances where secondary market trading is limited or non-existent.
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Because digital securities settle differently from traditional securities, our digital securities will not be listed for trading on any stock exchange or through any NMS trading platform. Digital securities will be issued, available for purchase and traded exclusively on a specific trading system that is registered with the SEC as an ATS. With respect to the digital securities traded on an ATS, the system will be closed so that only participating subscribers to the ATS may provide access to customers to buy and sell the digital securities. Each purchaser of digital securities will be required to open a trading account with and trade the digital securities exclusively through one or more broker-dealers that meet the standards of, and agree to a subscription arrangement with, the ATS, except that certain institutional investors may be permitted by the ATS to enter a subscription arrangement directly with the ATS. All trades of the digital securities are anticipated to happen exclusively on the ATS between participants that have active trading accounts with the ATS or an ATS-approved broker-dealer. Each subscriber to the ATS would be eligible upon execution of a license agreement to use the TØ software and the subscriber's customers could begin trading digital securities following some basic technical integration services provided to the subscriber by the ATS. Subscribers will also need to agree to share the identity of their customers with the issuer and its transfer agent.
The digital securities are represented by ledger balances and secured by a cryptographic pair of keys, one public key and one or more private keys. There can be multiple private keys, any number of which may be required in order to authorize a transfer of ownership of the digital securities. One or more of a digital security holder's private keys may be held by the issuer of the digital securities, by the ATS and/or by the holder's broker-dealer. Depending on the security protocols used for the digital securities, which will be described in more detail in the prospectus supplement for the applicable offering, the ATS and/or the holder's broker-dealer may be able to transfer ownership of the digital securities on behalf of the holder. In addition, the issuer of the digital securities may be able to block further transfers of the digital securities to the extent it holds one of the private keys.
Using a distributed ledger technology, such as the distributed ledger technology underlying various digital currencies, means that the ledger that tracks transfers of ownership of digital securities will be publicly available to anyone unless the ATS takes steps to prevent such transparency. The number of securities, the purchase price paid for the securities and the public keys associated with the securities involved in each transfer of the digital securities from the first issuance of the digital securities are expected to be permanently available to the public.
The ATS will be a registered broker-dealer and will authorize other broker-dealers to have access to the trading system, although some systems integration will be necessary for each broker-dealer that wishes to permit customers to engage in trading of digital securities on the ATS. At least one other broker-dealer will be supported for trading on the ATS initially and there can be no assurance that others will decide to participate in the ATS over time.
Unless otherwise stated in any prospectus supplement, the validity of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for the Company by Perkins Coie LLP, Palo Alto, California. Any underwriters or placement agents will be represented by their own counsel.
The consolidated financial statements and schedule of Overstock.com, Inc. as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2014, and management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 have been incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and other reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy any document we file at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the Public Reference Room. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments to those reports, and other information that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act can also be accessed free of charge through the Internet. These filings will be available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to the offering of these securities. The registration statement, including the attached exhibits, contains additional relevant information about us and the securities. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement, at prescribed rates, from the SEC at the address listed above. The registration statement and the documents referred to below under "Incorporation by Reference" are also available on our Internet website www.overstock.com. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus.
INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference into this prospectus certain information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede information contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below that we have previously filed with the SEC (excluding any portions of any Form 8-K that are not deemed "filed" pursuant to the General Instructions of Form 8-K):
We also incorporate by reference into this prospectus additional documents that we may file with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the completion or termination of the offering, including all such documents we may file with the SEC after the date of the initial registration statement and prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement, but excluding any information deemed furnished and not filed with the SEC. Any statements contained in a previously filed document incorporated by reference into this prospectus is deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus, or in a subsequently filed document also incorporated by reference herein, modifies or supersedes that statement.
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This prospectus may contain information that updates, modifies or is contrary to information in one or more of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus. You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of this prospectus or the date of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, at no cost to the requester, a copy of any or all of the information that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. Requests for such documents should be directed to:
Overstock.com, Inc.
6350 South 3000 East
Salt Lake City, Utah 84121
Attn: Investor Relations
(801) 947-3100
You may also access the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus through our website at www.overstock.com. Except for the specific incorporated documents listed above, no information available on or through our website shall be deemed to be incorporated in this prospectus or the registration statement of which it forms a part.
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$500,000,000
Overstock.com, Inc.
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Depositary Shares
Warrants
Debt Securities
Units
PROSPECTUS
[date]
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth the estimated costs and expenses (other than the actual registration fee), other than underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by the registrant in connection with the sale of the securities being registered.
Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee |
$ | 58,100 | ||
Nasdaq Global Market listing fee |
(1) | |||
Accounting fees and expenses |
(1) | |||
Legal fees and expenses |
(1) | |||
Printing and engraving |
(1) | |||
Fees and expenses of the transfer agent or trustee |
(1) | |||
Miscellaneous |
(1) | |||
| | | | |
Total |
$ | (1) | ||
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law empowers a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers and to purchase insurance with respect to liability arising out of their capacity or status as directors and officers, provided that the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in its best interests, and, with respect to any criminal action, had no reasonable cause to believe the person's actions were unlawful. The Delaware General Corporation Law further provides that the indemnification permitted thereunder shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the directors and officers may be entitled under the corporation's bylaws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or otherwise.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that we shall indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law, as then or thereafter in effect, any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he, his testator or intestate is or was a director or officer of the Company or any predecessor of the Company or serves or served at any other enterprise as a director, officer, employee or agent at the request of the Company or any predecessor to the Company and such right to indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer of the Company and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and personal and legal representatives; provided, however, that, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification, the Company shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his or her heirs, executors or personal or legal representatives) in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors of the Company. The right to indemnification conferred by the foregoing provision shall include the right to be paid by the Company the expenses incurred in defending or otherwise participating in any proceeding in advance of its final disposition. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation further provides that we may indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he, his testator or intestate is or was an employee or agent of the Company or any predecessor of the Company or serves or served at any other enterprise as a director, officer, employee or agent at the request of the
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Company or any predecessor to the Company. The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses conferred by the foregoing provision shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or acquire under the amended and restated certificate of incorporation as amended from time to time, the bylaws of the Company, as amended from time to time, any statute, agreement, vote of the stockholders of the Company or disinterested directors of the Company or otherwise. The amended and restated certificate of incorporation further provides that neither any amendment nor repeal of any section of the article dealing with indemnification, nor the adoption of any provision of the amended and restated certificate of incorporation inconsistent with such article, shall adversely affect any right or protection of any director or officer established pursuant to such article existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision, including without limitation by eliminating or reducing the effect of such article, for or in respect of any act, omission or other matter occurring, or any action or proceeding accruing or arising (or that, but for such article, would accrue or arise) prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision.
Our bylaws provide, among other provisions relating to indemnification and related matters, that:
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Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits a corporation to provide in its certificate of incorporation that a director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except (1) for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (2) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (3) for payments of unlawful dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions or (4) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same existed or may be amended, our directors shall not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director.
Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides, among other things, that a director who willfully or negligently approves of an unlawful payment of dividends or an unlawful stock purchase or redemption may be held liable for such actions. A director who was either absent when the unlawful actions were approved, or dissented at the time, may avoid liability by causing his or her dissent to such actions to be entered in the books containing minutes of the meetings of the board of directors at the time such action occurred or immediately after such absent director receives notice of the unlawful acts.
As permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, we have entered into separate indemnification agreements with each of our directors and certain of our officers which require us, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities which may arise by reason of their status as directors, officers or certain other employees.
We have obtained and expect to maintain insurance policies under which our directors and officers are insured, within the limits and subject to the limitations of those policies, against certain expenses in connection with the defense of, and certain liabilities which might be imposed as a result of, actions, suits or proceedings to which they are parties by reason of being or having been directors or officers. The coverage provided by these policies may apply whether or not we would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
These indemnification provisions and the indemnification agreements entered into between us and our officers and directors may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of our officers and directors for liabilities (including reimbursement of expenses incurred) arising under the Securities Act of 1933.
See also the undertakings set out in response to Item 17 herein.
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A list of exhibits filed herewith is contained in the exhibit index that immediately precedes such exhibits and is incorporated herein by reference.
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information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to the effective date; or
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1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this amendment to registration statement on Form S-3 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Salt Lake City, Utah, on July 31, 2015.
OVERSTOCK.COM, INC. | ||||||
By: |
/s/ PATRICK M. BYRNE |
|||||
Name: | Patrick M. Byrne | |||||
Title: | Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this amendment to registration statement on Form S-3 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
|
Title
|
Date
|
||
---|---|---|---|---|
/s/ PATRICK M. BYRNE Patrick M. Byrne |
Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Director | July 31, 2015 | ||
/s/ JONATHAN E. JOHNSON III Jonathan E. Johnson III |
Chairman of the Board |
July 31, 2015 |
||
/s/ STORMY D. SIMON Stormy D. Simon |
President and Director |
July 31, 2015 |
||
/s/ ROBERT P. HUGHES Robert P. Hughes |
Senior Vice President, Finance and Risk Management (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
July 31, 2015 |
||
/s/ ALLISON H. ABRAHAM* Allison H. Abraham |
Director |
July 31, 2015 |
||
/s/ BARCLAY F. CORBUS* Barclay F. Corbus |
Director |
July 31, 2015 |
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Signature
|
Title
|
Date
|
||
---|---|---|---|---|
/s/ KIRTHI KALYANAM* Kirthi Kalyanam |
Director | July 31, 2015 | ||
/s/ JOSEPH J. TABACCO, JR.* Joseph J. Tabacco, Jr. |
Director |
July 31, 2015 |
||
/s/ SAMUEL A. MITCHELL* Samuel A. Mitchell |
Director |
July 31, 2015 |
*By | /s/ PATRICK M. BYRNE Patrick M. Byrne Attorney in Fact |
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Except as otherwise indicated below, the following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated by reference herein:
|
|
Incorporated by Reference | |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exhibit No. |
Exhibit Description | Form | SEC File No. |
Exhibit | Filing Date | Filed Herewith |
|||||||||
1.1 |
Form of Underwriting Agreement.* | ||||||||||||||
3.1 |
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. |
10-Q |
000-49799 |
3.1 |
July 29, 2014 |
||||||||||
3.2 |
Amended and Restated Bylaws. |
8-K |
000-49799 |
3.1 |
February 10, 2014 |
||||||||||
4.1 |
Form of specimen common stock certificate. |
S-1 |
333-83728 |
4.1 |
May 5, 2002 |
||||||||||
4.2 |
Form of Senior Indenture. |
(1) |
|||||||||||||
4.3 |
Form of Subordinated Indenture. |
(1) |
|||||||||||||
4.4 |
Form of Senior Debt Security.* |
||||||||||||||
4.5 |
Form of Subordinated Debt Security.* |
||||||||||||||
4.6 |
Form of Certificate of Designation.* |
||||||||||||||
4.7 |
Form of Preferred Stock Certificate.* |
||||||||||||||
4.8 |
Form of Warrant Agreement.* |
||||||||||||||
4.9 |
Form of Warrant Certificate. |
||||||||||||||
4.10 |
Form of Deposit Agreement.* |
||||||||||||||
4.11 |
Form of Depositary Receipt.* |
||||||||||||||
4.12 |
Form of Unit Agreement.* |
||||||||||||||
5.1 |
Opinion of Perkins Coie LLP. |
(1) |
|||||||||||||
12.1 |
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges. |
X |
|||||||||||||
23.1 |
Consent of KPMG LLP. |
X |
|||||||||||||
23.2 |
Consent of Perkins Coie LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1). |
||||||||||||||
24.1 |
Powers of Attorney (included on signature page). |
||||||||||||||
25.1 |
Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of Trustee for Senior Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.** |
||||||||||||||
25.2 |
Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of Trustee for Subordinated Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.** |
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