UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016

OR

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number 001-33201 (DCT Industrial Trust Inc.) 333-195185 (DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP)

 

DCT INDUSTRIAL TRUST INC.

DCT INDUSTRIAL OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

(303) 597-2400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

DCT Industrial Trust Inc.:

 

DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP:

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 

As of April 29, 2016, 89,934,880 shares of common stock of DCT Industrial Trust Inc., par value $0.01 per share, were outstanding.

 

 

 

 

 

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

This report combines the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2016 of DCT Industrial Trust Inc., a Maryland corporation, and DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP, a Delaware limited partnership. Except as otherwise indicated herein, the terms “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to DCT Industrial Trust Inc. and its subsidiaries, including its operating partnership, DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP. When we use the term “DCT” or “DCT Industrial,” we are referring to DCT Industrial Trust Inc. by itself, and not including any of its subsidiaries, and when we use the term the “Operating Partnership,” we are referring to DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP by itself, and not including any of its subsidiaries.

We are a leading industrial real estate company specializing in the acquisition, development, leasing and management of bulk distribution and light industrial properties located in high-volume distribution markets in the United States. DCT has elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We are structured as an umbrella partnership REIT under which substantially all of our current and future business is, and will be, conducted through a majority owned and controlled subsidiary, DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP, a Delaware limited partnership, for which DCT is the sole general partner. We own our properties through the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2016, DCT owned approximately 95.6% of the outstanding equity interests in the Operating Partnership.

We operate DCT and the Operating Partnership as one enterprise. The management of DCT consists of the same members as the management of the Operating Partnership. As general partner with control of the Operating Partnership, DCT consolidates the Operating Partnership for financial reporting purposes. DCT does not have significant assets other than its investment in the Operating Partnership. Therefore, the assets and liabilities of DCT and the Operating Partnership are the same on their respective financial statements.

We believe combining the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q of DCT and the Operating Partnership into this single report results in the following benefits:

We believe it is important to understand the few differences between DCT and the Operating Partnership in the context of how we operate as an interrelated consolidated company. DCT’s only material asset is its ownership of partnership interests in the Operating Partnership. As a result, DCT does not conduct business itself, other than acting as the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and issuing public equity. DCT itself has not issued any debt, but guarantees the unsecured debt of the Operating Partnership. The Operating Partnership holds substantially all the assets of the business and conducts the operations of the business. Except for net proceeds from equity issuances by DCT, which are contributed to the Operating Partnership, the Operating Partnership generates capital through its operations, its borrowings and the issuance of partnership units to third parties.

Stockholders’ equity, partners’ capital and noncontrolling interests are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of DCT and those of the Operating Partnership. Equity interests in the Operating Partnership held by entities other than DCT are classified within partners’ capital in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in DCT’s financial statements. Equity interests of 4.4% of the Operating Partnership were owned by executives and non-affiliated limited partners as of March 31, 2016.

To help investors understand the differences between DCT and the Operating Partnership, this report provides separate consolidated financial statements for DCT and the Operating Partnership; a single set of consolidated notes to such financial statements that includes separate discussions of each entity’s stockholders’ equity or partners’ capital, as applicable; and a combined Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section that includes distinct information related to each entity.

This report also includes separate Part I, Item 4. Controls and Procedures sections and separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications for DCT and the Operating Partnership in order to establish that the requisite certifications have been made and that DCT and the Operating Partnership are both compliant with Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

 

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL TRUST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

DCT INDUSTRIAL OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Index to Form 10-Q

 

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL TRUST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share information)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL TRUST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(unaudited, in thousands, except per share information)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL TRUST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(unaudited, in thousands)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL TRUST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

(unaudited, in thousands)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL TRUST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited, in thousands)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except unit information)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(unaudited, in thousands, except per unit information)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(unaudited, in thousands)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Capital

(unaudited, in thousands)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL OPERATING PARTNERSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited, in thousands)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

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DCT INDUSTRIAL TRUST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

DCT INDUSTRIAL OPERATING PARTERNSHIP LP AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

Note 1 – Organization

DCT Industrial Trust Inc. is a leading industrial real estate company specializing in the acquisition, development, leasing and management of bulk distribution and light industrial properties located in high-volume distribution markets in the United States (“U.S.”). As used herein, the terms “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to DCT Industrial Trust Inc. and its subsidiaries, including its operating partnership, DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP. When we use the term “DCT” or “DCT Industrial," we are referring to DCT Industrial Trust Inc. by itself, and not including any of its subsidiaries, and when we use the term the “Operating Partnership,” we are referring to DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP by itself, and not including any of its subsidiaries.

DCT was formed as a Maryland corporation in April 2002 and has elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We are structured as an umbrella partnership REIT under which substantially all of our current and future business is, and will be, conducted through a majority owned and controlled subsidiary, DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP, a Delaware limited partnership, for which DCT is the sole general partner. DCT owns properties through the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2016, DCT owned approximately 95.6% of the outstanding equity interests in the Operating Partnership.

As of March 31, 2016, the Company owned interests in approximately 71.9 million square feet of properties leased to approximately 900 customers, including:

In addition, the Company has 12 projects under construction, including one project in our unconsolidated Stirling Capital Investment joint venture, and several projects in pre-development.  See “Note 3 – Investment in Properties" for further details.

 

 

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Interim Financial Information 

The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X for interim financial information. Accordingly, these statements do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, necessary for their fair presentation in conformity with GAAP. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2015 and related notes thereto included in our Form 10-K filed on February 19, 2016.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company, the Operating Partnership, their wholly-owned qualified REIT subsidiaries and taxable REIT subsidiaries, and their consolidated joint ventures in which they have a controlling interest.

Equity interests in the Operating Partnership held by entities other than DCT are classified within partners’ capital in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in DCT’s financial statements. Equity interests in entities consolidated into the Operating Partnership that are held by third parties are reflected in our accompanying balance sheets as noncontrolling interests. We also have noncontrolling partnership interests in unconsolidated institutional capital management and other joint ventures, which are accounted for under the equity method. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

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We hold interests in both consolidated and unconsolidated joint ventures for the purposes of operating and developing industrial real estate. All joint ventures over which we have financial and operating control, and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which we have determined that we are the primary beneficiary, are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements. We use the equity method of accounting for joint ventures over which we do not have a controlling interest or where we do not exercise significant control over major operating and management decisions but where we exercise significant influence and include our share of earnings or losses of these joint ventures in our consolidated results of operations.

We analyze our joint ventures in accordance with GAAP to determine whether they are VIEs and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. Our judgment with respect to our level of influence or control over an entity and whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE involves consideration of various factors including the form of our ownership interest, our representation on the entity’s board of directors, the size of our investment (including loans), our obligation or right to absorb its losses or receive its benefits and our ability to participate in major decisions.  

If a joint venture does not meet the characteristics of a VIE, we apply the voting interest model to determine whether the entity should be consolidated. Our ability to assess our influence or control over an entity affects the presentation of these investments in the Consolidated Financial Statements and our financial position and results of operations.

We concluded our Operating Partnership meets the criteria of a VIE as the Operating Partnership’s limited partners do not have the right to remove the general partner and do not have substantive participating rights in the operations of the Operating Partnership.  Under the Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of the Operating Partnership (the “Partnership Agreement”), DCT is the primary beneficiary of the Operating Partnership as we have the obligation to absorb losses and receive benefits, and the power to control substantially all of the activities which most significantly impact the economic performance of the Operating Partnership.  Accordingly, the Operating Partnership is consolidated within DCT’s financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

At the inception of a new lease arrangement, including new leases that arise from amendments, we assess the terms and conditions to determine the proper lease classification. A lease arrangement is classified as an operating lease if none of the following criteria are met: (i) transfer of ownership to the lessee, (ii) lessee has a bargain purchase option during or at the end of the lease term, (iii) the lease term is equal to 75% or more of the underlying property’s economic life, or (iv) the present value of future minimum lease payments (excluding executory costs) are equal to 90% or more of the excess estimated fair value of the leased building. Generally our leases do not meet any of the criteria above and accordingly are classified as operating leases. We record rental revenues on a straight-line basis under which contractual rent increases are recognized evenly over the lease term. Certain properties have leases that provide for tenant occupancy during periods where no rent is due or where minimum rent payments change during the term of the lease. Accordingly, receivables from tenants that we expect to collect over the remaining lease term are recorded on the balance sheet as straight-line rent receivables. When we acquire a property, the terms of existing leases are considered to commence as of the acquisition date for the purposes of this calculation. The total increase to “Rental revenues” due to straight-line rent adjustments was approximately $5.5 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

If the lease provides for tenant improvements, we determine whether the tenant improvements are owned by the tenant or us. When we are the owner of the tenant improvements, the tenant is not considered to have taken physical possession or have control of the leased asset until the tenant improvements are substantially complete. When we are the owner of the tenant improvements, any tenant improvements funded by the tenant are treated as lease payments which are deferred and amortized into income over the lease term. When the tenant is the owner of the tenant improvements, we record any tenant improvement allowance funded as a lease incentive and amortize it as a reduction of revenue over the lease term. Tenant recovery income includes reimbursements due from tenants pursuant to their leases for real estate taxes, insurance, repairs and maintenance and other recoverable property operating expenses and is recognized as “Rental revenues” during the period the related expenses are incurred. The reimbursements are recognized and presented on a gross basis, as the Company is generally the primary obligor and, with respect to purchasing goods and services from third party suppliers, has discretion in selecting the supplier and bears the associated credit risk. Tenant recovery income recognized as “Rental revenues” was approximately $22.2 million and $21.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

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We maintain an allowance for estimated losses that may result from the inability of our customers to make required payments. If a customer fails to make contractual payments beyond any allowance, we may recognize additional bad debt expense in future periods equal to the net outstanding balances. In connection with property acquisitions qualifying as business combinations, we may acquire leases with rental rates above or below the market rental rates. Such differences are recorded as an intangible lease asset or liability and amortized to “Rental revenues” over the reasonably assured term of the related leases. We consider a reasonably assured term to be the measurement period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease for above-market leases and the initial term plus the term of any below-market fixed rate renewal options for below-market leases.  The unamortized balances of these assets and liabilities associated with the early termination of leases are fully amortized to their respective revenue line items in our Consolidated Statements of Operations on a straight-line basis over the estimated remaining contractual lease term. The total net impact to “Rental revenues” due to the amortization of above and below market rents was an increase of approximately $0.7 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Early lease termination fees are recorded in “Rental revenues” on a straight-line basis over the estimated remaining contractual lease term or upon collection if collectability is not assured. The total net impact to “Rental revenues” due to early lease termination fees was approximately $0.1 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.          

We earn revenues from asset management fees, acquisition fees, property management fees and fees for other services pursuant to joint venture and other third-party agreements. These are included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations in “Institutional capital management and other fees.” We recognize revenues from asset management fees, acquisition fees, property management fees and fees for other services when the related fees are earned and are realized or realizable.

We develop certain properties for specific buyers, called build-to-suit projects. We make certain judgments based on the specific terms of each project as to the amount and timing of recognition of profits from the project. Projects are generally accounted for using the percentage of completion method or full accrual method. Profits under the percentage of completion method are based on our estimates of the percentage of completion of individual contracts, commencing when the work performed under the contracts reaches a point where the final costs can be estimated with reasonable accuracy. The percentage of completion estimates are based on a comparison of the contract expenditures incurred to the estimated final costs. Changes in job performance, job conditions and estimated profitability may result in revisions to the costs and income and are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. If the sale recognition criteria for using the percentage of completion or full accrual methods are not met, we apply another recognition method provided by GAAP, such as the installment or cost recovery methods. The profit recognized from these projects is reported net of estimated taxes, when applicable, and is included in “Development profit, net of taxes” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

New Accounting Standards

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Boards (“FASB”) issued an accounting standards update (“ASU”) that requires companies to recognize revenue from contracts with customers based upon the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard also results in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provides guidance for transactions that were not previously addressed comprehensively and improves guidance for multiple-element arrangements. In March and April 2016, the FASB issued two ASUs which clarified the implementation guidance, including principal versus agent considerations and identifying performance obligations and licensing.  The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016.  The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.  

 

In February 2015, the FASB issued an ASU that modifies the evaluation of whether limited partnerships and similar legal entities are VIEs, eliminates the presumption that a general partner should consolidate a limited partnership and affects the consolidation analysis of reporting entities that are involved with VIEs, particularly those that have fee arrangements and related party relationships. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015.  We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2016.  We concluded the Operating Partnership meets the criteria of a VIE and DCT is the primary beneficiary.  Accordingly, we continue to consolidate the Operating Partnership.  As the Operating Partnership was previously consolidated, the adoption of the ASU did not result in any changes to our conclusions regarding consolidation or deconsolidation of entities.

 

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In February 2016, the FASB issued an ASU that modifies existing accounting standards for lease accounting.  The new standard requires a lessee to record an asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The new standard requires lessors to account for leases using an approach that is substantially the same as existing guidance for sales-type leases, direct financing leases and operating leases. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016.  The standard requires a modified retrospective transition approach for all capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with an option to use certain transition relief.  The Company expects this guidance to impact our Consolidated Financial Statements and is in the process of evaluating whether the effect will be material.

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued an ASU that simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, the classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and the classification on the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted.  The adoption of this guidance will not have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

Note 3 – Investment in Properties

Our consolidated investment in properties consists of operating properties, properties under development, properties in pre-development, redevelopment properties and land held for future development or other purposes. The historical cost of our investment in properties was (in thousands):

 

 

Development Activity

Our properties under development include the following:

Disposition Activity

During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we sold four consolidated operating properties totaling 0.8 million square feet from our Houston and Louisville markets to third-parties for gross proceeds of approximately $57.2 million. We recognized gains of approximately $30.1 million on the disposition of these four properties.  

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Intangible Lease Assets and Liabilities

Aggregate amortization expense for intangible lease assets recognized in connection with property acquisitions (excluding assets and liabilities related to above and below market rents; see “Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information) was approximately $3.2 million and $3.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our intangible lease assets and liabilities included the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

Note 4 – Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

We enter into joint ventures primarily for purposes of operating and developing industrial real estate. Our investments in these joint ventures are included in “Investments in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table summarizes our unconsolidated joint ventures (dollars in thousands):

 

 

Guarantees

There are no lines of credit or side agreements related to, or between, our unconsolidated joint ventures and us, and there are no derivative financial instruments between our unconsolidated joint ventures and us. In addition, we do not believe we have any material exposure to financial guarantees.

 

 

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Note 5 – Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximated their carrying values due to the short-term nature of settlement of these instruments. The fair values of other financial instruments subject to fair value disclosures were determined based on available market information and valuation methodologies we believe to be appropriate estimates for these purposes. Considerable judgment and a high degree of subjectivity are involved in developing these estimates. Our estimates may differ from the actual amounts that we could realize upon disposition. The following table summarizes these financial instruments (in thousands):

 

 

The following table presents a reconciliation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). The table also displays gains and losses due to changes in fair value, including both realized and unrealized, recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for Level 3 assets and liabilities. When assets and liabilities are transferred between levels, we recognize the transfer at the beginning of the period. There were no transfers between levels during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.

 

 

 

Hedging Activities

To manage interest rate risk for variable rate debt and issuances of fixed rate debt, we primarily use treasury locks and interest rate swaps as part of our cash flow hedging strategy. These derivatives are designed to mitigate the risk of future interest rate increases by providing a fixed interest rate for a limited, pre-determined period of time. Such derivatives have been used to hedge the variability in existing and future interest expense associated with existing variable rate borrowings and forecasted issuances of debt, which may include the issuances of new debt, as well as refinancing of existing debt upon maturity.

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Accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and the designation of the derivative, whether we have elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. Derivatives may also be designated as hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge.

 

For derivatives designated as “cash flow” hedges, the effective portion of the changes in the fair value of the derivative is initially reported in “Other comprehensive income (“OCI”)” in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (i.e., not included in earnings) and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings or the hedging relationship is no longer effective at which time the ineffective portion of the derivative’s changes in fair value is recognized directly into earnings. We assess the effectiveness of each hedging relationship whenever financial statements are issued or earnings are reported and at least every three months. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

During June 2013, certain of our consolidated ventures entered into two pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swaps to hedge the variability of future cash flows attributable to changes in the 1 month LIBOR rates. The pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swaps have an effective date of June 2013 and a maturity date of June 2023. These interest rates swaps effectively fix the interest rate on the related debt instruments at 4.72%. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had borrowings payable subject to these pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swaps with aggregate principal balances of approximately $6.8 million.

During December 2015, we entered into a pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swap to hedge the variability of future cash flows attributable to changes in the 1 month LIBOR rates on our $200.0 million unsecured term loan. The pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swap has an effective date of December 2015 and a maturity date of December 2022. The interest rate swap effectively fixes the interest rate on the related debt instrument at 3.31%, however, there is no floor on the variable interest rate of the swap whereas the current variable-rate debt is subject to a 0.0% floor. In the event that US LIBOR is negative, the Company will make payments to the hedge counterparty equal to the spread between US LIBOR and zero. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we recorded $1.1 million of hedge ineffectiveness in earnings attributable to a zero percent floor mismatch in the hedging relationships (i.e., there is no floor on the variable interest rate of the swap whereas the current variable-rate debt from which the hedged forecasted transactions are expected to flow is subject to a zero percent floor on the USD-LIBOR component of the interest rate). As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had borrowings payable subject to this pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swap with aggregate principal balances of approximately $200.0 million.

The following table presents the effect of our derivative financial instruments on our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements (in thousands):

 

 

 

Amounts reported in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” related to derivatives will be amortized to “Interest expense” as interest payments are made on our current debt and anticipated debt issuances. During the next 12 months, we estimate that approximately $6.5 million will be reclassified from “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” to “Interest expense” resulting in an increase in interest expense.

 

 

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Note 6 – Outstanding Indebtedness

As of March 31, 2016, our outstanding indebtedness of approximately $1.6 billion consisted of mortgage notes, senior unsecured notes and bank unsecured credit facilities, excluding approximately $35.6 million representing our proportionate share of debt associated with unconsolidated joint ventures. As of December 31, 2015, our outstanding indebtedness of approximately $1.6 billion consisted of mortgage notes, senior unsecured notes and bank unsecured credit facilities, excluding approximately $35.7 million representing our proportionate share of debt associated with unconsolidated joint ventures.

As of March 31, 2016, the gross book value of our consolidated properties was approximately $4.2 billion and the gross book value of all properties securing our mortgage debt was approximately $0.6 billion. As of December 31, 2015, the gross book value of our consolidated properties was approximately $4.1 billion and the gross book value of all properties securing our mortgage debt was approximately $0.6 billion. Our debt has various covenants with which we were in compliance as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Line of Credit

As of March 31, 2016, we had $161.0 million outstanding and $235.5 million available under our $400.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility, net of one letter of credit totaling $3.5 million.  As of December 31, 2015, we had $70.0 million outstanding and $326.5 million available under our $400.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility, net of one letter of credit totaling $3.5 million.

Debt Payoffs

During February 2016, we paid-off a $50.0 million senior unsecured fixed rate note at par maturing in April 2016 using proceeds from our senior unsecured revolving credit facility.

Guarantee of Debt

DCT has guaranteed the Operating Partnership’s obligations with respect to the senior unsecured notes and the bank unsecured credit facilities.

 

 

Note 7 – Noncontrolling Interests

DCT

Noncontrolling interests are the portion of equity, or net assets, in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. Noncontrolling interests of DCT primarily represent limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership and equity interests held by third party partners in consolidated real estate investments, including related parties as discussed in “Note 9 – Related Party Transactions.”

Operating Partnership

Equity interests in the Operating Partnership held by third-parties and LTIP Units, as defined in “Note 8 – Stockholders’ Equity of DCT and Partners’ Capital of the Operating Partnership,” are classified as permanent equity of the Operating Partnership and as noncontrolling interests of DCT in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

 

 

Note 8 – Stockholders’ Equity of DCT and Partners’ Capital of the Operating Partnership

DCT

Common Stock

As of March 31, 2016, approximately 88.6 million shares of common stock were issued and outstanding.

On September 10, 2015, we registered a continuous equity offering program to replace our continuous equity offering program previously registered on May 29, 2013. Pursuant to this offering, we may sell up to five million shares of common stock from time-to-time through September 10, 2018 in “at-the-market” offerings or certain other transactions. We intend to use the proceeds for general corporate purposes, which may include funding acquisitions, development or redevelopment and repaying debt.  During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we issued approximately 0.1 million shares through the continuous equity offering program, at an average price of $39.03 per share for proceeds of approximately $2.8 million, net of offering expenses.  As of March 31, 2016, approximately 4.9 million shares remain available to be issued under the current offering.  We did not issue any shares under the current or previously registered offering program during 2015.

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During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, we issued approximately 41,000 and 82,000 shares of common stock in each corresponding period related to vested shares of restricted stock, phantom shares and stock option exercises.

Operating Partnership

OP Units

For each share of common stock issued by DCT, the Operating Partnership issues a corresponding OP Unit to DCT in exchange for the contribution of the proceeds from the stock issuances.

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, DCT owned approximately 95.6% of the outstanding equity interests in the Operating Partnership. The remaining common partnership interests in the Operating Partnership were owned by executives of the Company and non-affiliated limited partners.

DCT holds its interests through both general and limited partner units. The Partnership Agreement stipulates that the general partner shall at all times own a minimum of 1.0% of all outstanding OP Units. As a result, each reporting period certain of DCT’s limited partner units are converted to general partner units to satisfy this requirement as illustrated in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Capital.

Limited partners have the right to require the Company to redeem all or a portion of the OP Units held by the limited partner at a redemption price equal to and in the form of the Cash Amount (as defined in the Partnership Agreement), provided that such OP Units have been outstanding for at least one year. The Company may, in its sole discretion, purchase the OP Units by paying to the limited partner either the Cash Amount or the REIT Shares Amount (generally one share of DCT’s common stock for each OP Unit), as defined in the Partnership Agreement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, approximately 0.2 million and 0.1 million OP Units were redeemed for approximately $0.5 million and $38,000 in cash and approximately 0.2 million and 0.1 million shares of DCT common stock, respectively.

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, approximately 4.1 million and 4.0 million OP Units were issued, outstanding and held by entities other than DCT, including approximately 0.7 million and 0.6 million vested LTIP Units issued under our Long-Term Incentive Plan, respectively.

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the aggregate redemption value of the then-outstanding OP Units held by entities other than DCT was approximately $162.7 million and $150.9 million based on the $39.47 and $37.37 per share closing price of DCT’s common stock on March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Equity-Based Compensation

On October 10, 2006, the Company established the Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended, to grant restricted stock, stock options and other awards to our personnel and directors, as defined in the plan. Awards granted under this plan are measured at fair value on the grant date and amortized to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the service period during which the awards fully vest. Such expense is included in “General and administrative” expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Restricted Stock

Holders of restricted stock have voting rights and rights to receive dividends. Restricted stock may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise disposed of and is subject to a risk of forfeiture prior to the expiration of the applicable vesting period. Restricted stock is recorded at fair value on the date of grant and amortized to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the service period during which term the stock fully vests. Restricted stock generally vests ratably over a period of four or five years, depending on the grant. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we granted approximately 0.1 million shares of restricted stock to certain officers and employees at the weighted average fair market value of $36.20 per share.

LTIP Units

Pursuant to the Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended, the Company may grant limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership called LTIP Units. Vested LTIP Units may be redeemed by the Company in cash or DCT common stock, at the discretion of the Company, on a one-for-one basis with common shares, subject to certain restrictions of the Partnership Agreement. LTIP Units receive distributions equally along with common shares. LTIP Units are valued by reference to the value of DCT’s common stock and generally vest ratably over a period of four to five years, depending on the grant. LTIP Unit equity compensation is amortized into expense over the service period during which the units vest.

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During the three months ended March 31, 2016, approximately 0.2 million LTIP Units were granted to certain senior executives, which vest over a four year period with a total fair value of approximately $6.3 million at the date of grant as determined by a lattice-binomial option-pricing model based on a Monte Carlo simulation using a volatility factor of 23% and risk-free interest rate of 1.28%. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, there were approximately 53,000 vested LTIP Units converted into approximately 53,000 common shares and approximately 13,000 LTIP Units were redeemed for approximately $0.5 million in cash. As of March 31, 2016, approximately 1.2 million LTIP Units were outstanding of which approximately 0.7 million were vested.

During the three months ended March 31, 2015, approximately 0.2 million LTIP Units were granted to certain senior executives, which vest over a four year period with a total fair value of approximately $7.3 million at the date of grant as determined by a lattice-binomial option-pricing model based on a Monte Carlo simulation using a weighted average volatility factor of 26% and a weighted average risk-free interest rate of 1.28%. During the three months ended March 31, 2015, approximately 5,000 vested LTIP Units were converted into approximately 5,000 common shares. As of March 31, 2015, approximately 1.1 million LTIP Units were outstanding of which approximately 0.6 million were vested.

 

 

Note 9 – Related Party Transactions

Southern California Consolidated Ventures

We entered into four agreements, two in December 2010 and two in January 2011, whereby we acquired a weighted average ownership interest, based on square feet, of approximately 48.4% in five bulk industrial buildings located in the Southern California market. Entities controlled by a former executive have a weighted average ownership in these properties of approximately 43.7%, based on square feet, and the remaining 7.9% is held by a third-party. Each venture partner will earn returns in accordance with their ownership interests. We have controlling rights including management of the operations of the properties and we have consolidated the properties in accordance with GAAP. The total acquisition price of $46.3 million was determined to be at fair value.

 

 

Note 10 – Earnings per Share/Unit

We use the two-class method of computing earnings per common share/unit which is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share/unit for common stock/unit and any participating securities according to dividends declared (whether paid or unpaid) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Under the two-class method, earnings per common share/unit are computed by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common stockholders/OP Unitholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common stockholders/OP Unitholders by the weighted average number of common shares/units outstanding for the period.

A participating security is defined by GAAP as an unvested share-based payment award containing non-forfeitable rights to dividends and must be included in the computation of earnings per share/unit pursuant to the two-class method. Nonvested restricted stock and LTIP Units are considered participating securities as these share-based awards contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends irrespective of whether the awards ultimately vest or expire.

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DCT

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

Operating Partnership

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common unit (in thousands, except per unit amounts):

 

 

DCT and the Operating Partnership

Potentially Dilutive Shares

For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, DCT excluded from diluted earnings per share the weighted average common share equivalents related to 4.2 million and 4.3 million OP Units, respectively, because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

 

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Note 11 – Segment Information

The Company’s segments are based on our internal reporting of operating results used to assess performance based on our properties’ geographical markets. Our markets are aggregated into three reportable regions or segments, East, Central and West, which are based on the geographical locations of our properties. Management considers rental revenues and property net operating income aggregated by segment to be the appropriate way to analyze performance.

The following table presents our total assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, by segment (in thousands):

 

The following table presents the rental revenues of our segments and a reconciliation of our segment rental revenues to our reported consolidated total revenues (in thousands):

 

 

 

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The following table presents property net operating income (“NOI”) of our segments and a reconciliation of our property NOI to our reported “Net income attributable to common stockholders” (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

Note 12 – Subsequent Events

GAAP requires an entity to disclose events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued (“subsequent events”) as well as the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events. There are two types of subsequent events. The first type consists of events or transactions that provide additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date of the balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements, (“recognized subsequent events”). The second type consists of events that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the date of the balance sheet but arose subsequent to that date (“nonrecognized subsequent events”). No significant recognized or nonrecognized subsequent events were noted.

 

 

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

We make statements in this report that are considered “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which are usually identified by the use of words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “projects,” “seeks,” “should,” “will,” and variations of such words or similar expressions. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are including this statement for purposes of complying with those safe harbor provisions. These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies and prospects, which are based on the information currently available to us and on assumptions we have made. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies and prospects as reflected in or suggested by those forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that the plans, intentions, expectations or strategies will be attained or achieved. Furthermore, actual results may differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements and will be affected by a variety of risks and factors that are beyond our control including, without limitation:

In addition, our current and continuing qualification as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or the Code, and depends on our ability to meet the various requirements imposed by the Code through actual operating results, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership.

We assume no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The reader should carefully review our financial statements and the notes thereto, as well as the section entitled “Risk Factors” in this report.

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Overview

DCT Industrial Trust Inc. is a leading industrial real estate company specializing in the acquisition, development, leasing and management of bulk distribution and light industrial properties located in high-volume distribution markets in the United States. As used herein, the terms “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to DCT Industrial Trust Inc. and its subsidiaries, including its operating partnership, DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP. When we use the term “DCT,” we are referring to DCT Industrial Trust Inc. by itself, and not including any of its subsidiaries, and when we use the term the “Operating Partnership,” we are referring to DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP by itself, and not including any of its subsidiaries.

DCT was formed as a Maryland corporation in April 2002 and has elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We are structured as an umbrella partnership REIT under which substantially all of our current and future business is, and will be, conducted through a majority owned and controlled subsidiary, DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP, a Delaware limited partnership, for which DCT is the sole general partner. DCT owns properties through the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2016, DCT owned approximately 95.6% of the outstanding equity interests in the Operating Partnership.

As of March 31, 2016, the Company owned interests in approximately 71.9 million square feet of properties leased to approximately 900 customers, including:

In addition, the Company has 12 projects under construction, including one project in our unconsolidated Stirling Capital Investment joint venture, and several projects in pre-development. See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 3 – Investment in Properties” for further details related to our development activity.

Our primary business objectives are to maximize long-term growth in Funds From Operations, or FFO, as defined on page 39, net asset value of our portfolio and total shareholder returns. In our pursuit of these long-term objectives, we seek to:

Outlook

We seek to maximize long-term earnings growth and value within the context of overall economic conditions, primarily through increasing occupancy, rents and operating income at existing properties and developing and acquiring high-quality properties with attractive operating income and value growth prospects. Fundamentals for industrial real estate continue to improve in response to general improvement in the economy as well as trends that particularly favor industrial assets, including the growth of e-commerce and U.S. based manufacturing. We expect moderate economic growth to continue through 2016, which should result in continued positive demand for warehouse space as companies expand and upgrade their distribution and production platforms.

In response to positive net absorption and lower market vacancy levels, rental rates are increasing in most of our markets. Rental concessions, such as free rent, have also declined in all markets. Consistent with recent experience and based on current market conditions, we expect average net effective rental rates on new leases signed during the remainder of 2016 to be higher than the rates on expiring leases.

New development has begun to increase in many markets where fundamentals have improved, however construction remains below current levels of net absorption in most markets and below historical peak levels. We expect that the operating environment will continue to be favorable for owners and developers given our favorable outlook for strong market occupancy levels and rental rate growth.

We expect same store net operating income to be higher in 2016 than it was in 2015, primarily as a result of higher occupancy in 2016 and the impact of increasing rental rates on leases signed in 2016 compared to expiring leases.

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In terms of capital investment, we will pursue the selective development of new buildings and the opportunistic acquisition of buildings in markets where we perceive demand and market rental rates will provide attractive financial returns.

We anticipate continuing to selectively dispose of non-strategic assets to fund our investment in new development and acquisitions in an effort to enhance long-term growth in net asset value, earnings and cash flows as well as to enhance the overall quality of our portfolio.

We anticipate having sufficient liquidity to fund our operating expenses, including costs to maintain our properties and distributions, though we may finance investments, including acquisitions and developments, with the issuance of new common shares, proceeds from asset sales or through additional borrowings. Please see “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for additional discussion.

Inflation

The U.S. economy has experienced low inflation over the past several years and as a result, inflation has not had a significant impact on our business. Moreover, most of our leases require the customers to pay their share of operating expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance, thereby reducing our exposure to increases in costs and operating expenses resulting from inflation. In addition, most of our leases expire within five years which enables us to replace existing leases with new leases at then-existing market rates. While slowing global growth has the potential to dampen demand for distribution space, we have not yet seen any indications of this reduced demand.

Summary of Significant Transactions and Activities During 2016 

Significant transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2016 

The table below reflects a summary of development activities as of March 31, 2016 (in thousands, except acres and number of buildings):

 

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The following table provides a summary of our leasing activity for the three months ended March 31, 2016:

 

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we signed 23 leases comprising 2.3 million square feet with total concessions of $4.6 million primarily related to free rent periods.

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Customer Diversification

As of March 31, 2016, there were no customers that occupied more than 2.3% of our consolidated properties based on annualized base rent. The following table presents our 10 largest customers, based on annualized base rent as of March 31, 2016, who occupy a combined 8.2 million square feet or 12.8% of our consolidated properties.

 

Although base rent is supported by long-term lease contracts, customers who file bankruptcy generally have the legal right to reject any or all of their leases. In the event that a customer with a significant number of leases in our properties files bankruptcy and cancels its leases we could experience a reduction in our revenues and an increase in allowance for doubtful accounts receivable.

We frequently monitor the financial condition of our customers. We communicate often with those customers whom have been late on payments or filed bankruptcy. We are not currently aware of any significant financial difficulties of any tenants that would cause a material reduction in our revenues, and no customer represents more than 2.3% of our annual base rent.

Results of Operations

Summary of the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the same period ended March 31, 2015

We are a leading industrial real estate company specializing in the acquisition, development, leasing and management of bulk distribution and light industrial properties located in high-volume distribution markets in the United States. As of March 31, 2016, the Company owned interests in or had under development approximately 71.9 million square feet of properties leased to approximately 900 customers, including 7.5 million square feet managed on behalf of three institutional capital management joint venture partners. Also as of March 31, 2016, we consolidated 394 operating properties, three development properties and five redevelopment properties. As of March 31, 2015, we consolidated 400 operating properties, 12 development properties and four redevelopment properties. As of March 31, 2016, we had 356 properties classified as same store and 46 classified as non-same store consisting of properties that did not meet our same store definition, which includes 38 operating properties and eight development and redevelopment properties.

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Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the same period ended March 31, 2015

The following table presents the changes in rental revenues, rental expenses and real estate taxes, property net operating income, other revenue and other income, and other expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2015. Our same store portfolio includes all operating properties that we owned for the entirety of both the current and prior year reporting periods. Developed properties are generally included in same store properties once they are stabilized. We generally consider buildings stabilized when occupancy reaches 90%. Non-same store operating properties include properties not meeting the same store criteria and exclude development and redevelopment properties. The same store portfolio for the periods presented totaled 356 operating properties and was comprised of 54.7 million square feet. A discussion of these changes follows in the table below (in thousands):

 

 

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Rental Revenues

Rental revenues, which are comprised of base rent, straight-line rent, amortization of above and below market rent intangibles, tenant recovery income, other rental income and early lease termination fees, increased by $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to the following:

The following table presents the various components of our consolidated rental revenues (in thousands):

 

Rental Expenses and Real Estate Taxes

Rental expenses and real estate taxes remained consistent for the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to the following:

Other Revenue and Other Income

Total other revenue and other income increased $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to the following:

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Other Expenses

Other expenses increased $2.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to the following:

Segment Summary for the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to the same period ended March 31, 2015

The Company’s segments are based on our internal reporting of operating results used to assess performance based on our properties’ geographical markets. Our markets are aggregated into three reportable regions or segments, East, Central and West, which are based on the geographical locations of our properties. These regions are comprised of the markets by which management and their operating teams conduct and monitor business (see further detail on our Segments in “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 11 – Segment Information”). Management considers rental revenues and property net operating income aggregated by segment to be the appropriate way to analyze performance.

The following table presents the changes in our consolidated properties by segment (dollar amounts and square feet in thousands):

 

 

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The following table presents our total assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, by segment (in thousands):

 

 

East Segment

Central Segment

West Segment

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We currently expect that our principal sources of working capital and funding for potential capital requirements for expansions and renovation of properties, developments, acquisitions, and debt service and distributions to shareholders will include:

Our sources of capital will be used to meet our liquidity requirements and capital commitments, including operating activities, debt service obligations, equity holder distributions, capital expenditures at our properties, development funding requirements and future acquisitions. We expect to utilize the same sources of capital to meet our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements.

Cash Flows

“Cash and cash equivalents” were $14.2 million and $18.4 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $10.9 million to $45.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $34.2 million during the same period in 2015. This change was primarily due to an increase in property net operating income attributable to acquired properties and operating performance at existing properties.

Net cash used in investing activities increased $17.7 million to $64.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $46.3 million during the same period in 2015. This change was primarily due to an increase of $35.7 million in cash outflows related to capital expenditures and development activities, as reflected in the table below, a decrease of $33.9 million in cash inflows related to an increase in restricted cash due to timing of 1031 proceeds received from dispositions and a decrease of $29.5 million in cash inflows from dispositions; partially offset by a decrease of $84.0 million in cash outflows from acquisitions.

We pursue the acquisition of buildings and land and consider selective development of new buildings in markets where we perceive that demand and market rental rates will provide attractive financial returns. The amount of cash used related to acquisitions and development and redevelopment investments will vary from period to period based on a number of factors, including, among others, current and anticipated future market conditions impacting the desirability of investments, leasing results with respect to our existing development and redevelopment projects and our ability to locate attractive opportunities. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Summary of Significant Transactions and Activities During 2016 –Development Activities” for further details regarding projected investment of our current development activities as well as cumulative costs incurred as of March 31, 2016. Our total capital expenditures were comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

 

We capitalize costs directly related to the development, pre-development, redevelopment or improvement of our investments in real estate. Building and land improvements comprise capital expenditures related to maintaining our consolidated operating activities. Due diligence capital improvements relate to acquired operating properties and are generally incurred within 12 months of the acquisition date.

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We capitalize indirect costs such as personnel, office and administrative expenses that are directly related to our development projects, redevelopment projects and successful origination of new leases based on an estimate of the time spent on the development and leasing activities. The total of these capitalized costs was comprised of the following (in thousands):

In addition, we capitalize interest costs incurred associated with development and construction activities. During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 total interest capitalized was $2.9 million and $3.7 million, respectively.

Net cash provided by financing activities increased $11.6 million to $14.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared to $3.2 million during the same period in 2015 primarily due to the following:

Common Stock 

As of March 31, 2016, approximately 88.6 million shares of common stock were issued and outstanding.

On September 10, 2015, we registered a continuous equity offering program, to replace our continuous equity offering program previously registered on May 29, 2013. Pursuant to this offering, we may sell up to five million shares of common stock from time-to-time through September 10, 2018 in “at-the-market” offerings or certain other transactions. We intend to use the proceeds for general corporate purposes, which may include funding acquisitions, development or redevelopment and repaying debt. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we issued approximately 0.1 million shares through the continuous equity offering program, at an average price of $39.03 per share for proceeds of approximately $2.8 million, net of offering expenses. As of March 31, 2016, approximately 4.9 million shares remain available to be issued under the current offering.

OP Units

Limited partners have the right to require the Company to redeem all or a portion of the OP Units held by the limited partner at a redemption price equal to and in the form of the Cash Amount (as defined in the Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of the Operating Partnership (“Partnership Agreement”)), provided that such OP Units have been outstanding for at least one year. DCT may, in its sole discretion, purchase the OP Units by paying to the limited partner either the Cash Amount or the REIT Shares Amount (generally one share of DCT’s common stock for each OP Unit), as defined in the Partnership Agreement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, approximately 0.2 million and 0.1 million OP Units were redeemed for approximately $0.5 million and $38,000 in cash and approximately 0.2 million and 0.1 million shares of DCT common stock, respectively.

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, approximately 4.1 million and 4.0 million OP Units were issued, outstanding and held by entities other than DCT, including approximately 0.7 million and 0.6 million vested LTIP Units issued under our Long-Term Incentive Plan, respectively.

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the aggregate redemption value of the then-outstanding OP Units held by entities other than DCT was approximately $162.7 million and $150.9 million based on the $39.47 and $37.37 per share closing price of DCT’s common stock on March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

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Distributions

During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, our board of directors declared distributions to stockholders and unitholders totaling approximately $27.2 million and $26.1 million, respectively. Existing cash balances, cash provided from operations, borrowings under our senior unsecured revolving credit facility and dispositions were used to pay distributions during 2016 and 2015.

The payment of quarterly distributions is determined by our board of directors and may be adjusted at its discretion at any time. During May 2016, our board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.29 per share and unit, payable on July 13, 2016 to stockholders and OP Unitholders of record as of July 1, 2016.

Outstanding Indebtedness

As of March 31, 2016 our outstanding indebtedness of approximately $1.6 billion consisted of mortgage notes, senior unsecured notes and bank unsecured credit facilities, excluding approximately $35.6 million representing our proportionate share of non-recourse debt associated with unconsolidated joint ventures. As of December 31, 2015, our outstanding indebtedness of approximately $1.6 billion consisted of mortgage notes, senior unsecured notes and bank unsecured credit facilities, excluding approximately $35.7 million representing our proportionate share of debt associated with unconsolidated joint ventures.

As of March 31, 2016, the gross book value of our consolidated properties was approximately $4.2 billion and the gross book value of all properties securing our mortgage debt was approximately $0.6 billion. As of December 31, 2015, the gross book value of our consolidated properties was approximately $4.1 billion and the gross book value of all properties securing our mortgage debt was approximately $0.6 billion. Our debt has various covenants with which we were in compliance as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Our debt instruments require monthly, quarterly or semiannual payments of interest and mortgages generally require monthly or quarterly repayments of principal. Currently, cash flows from our operations are sufficient to satisfy these debt service requirements and we anticipate that cash flows from operations will continue to be sufficient to satisfy our debt service excluding principal maturities, which we plan to fund from refinancing and/or new debt.

Line of Credit

As of March 31, 2016, we had $161.0 million outstanding and $235.5 million available under our $400.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility, net of one letter of credit totaling $3.5 million. As of December 31, 2015, we had $70.0 million outstanding and $326.5 million available under our $400.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility, net of one letter of credit totaling $3.5 million.

The senior unsecured revolving credit facility agreement contains various covenants with which we were in compliance as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Debt Maturities

The following table presents the scheduled maturities of our debt and regularly scheduled principal amortization, excluding unamortized premiums, discounts and deferred loan costs, as of March 31, 2016 (in thousands):

 

 

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Financing Strategy

We do not have a formal policy limiting the amount of debt we incur, although we currently intend to operate so that our financial metrics are generally consistent with investment grade peers in the real estate industry. We continually evaluate our secured and unsecured leverage and among other relevant metrics, our fixed charge coverage ratio. Our charter and our bylaws do not limit the indebtedness that we may incur. We are, however, subject to certain covenants which may limit our outstanding indebtedness.

Contractual Obligations

The following table presents our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2016, specifically our obligations under long-term debt agreements, operating lease agreements and ground lease agreements (in thousands):

 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements, other than those disclosed under contractual obligations, that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors, other than items discussed herein.

As of March 31, 2016, our proportionate share of the total construction loans of our unconsolidated development joint ventures was $35.6 million, which is scheduled to mature during 2017. Our proportionate share of the total construction loans, including undrawn amounts, of our unconsolidated development joint ventures includes 50.0% of the construction loans associated with the SCLA joint venture which are non-recourse to the venture partners.

Indebtedness and Other Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

There are no lines of credit or side agreements related to, or between, our unconsolidated joint ventures and us, and there are no other derivative financial instruments between our unconsolidated joint ventures and us. In addition, we believe we have no material exposure to financial guarantees, except as discussed above.

We may elect to fund additional capital to a joint venture through equity contributions (generally on a basis proportionate to our ownership interests), advances or partner loans, although such funding is not required contractually or otherwise. As of March 31, 2016, our proportionate share of non-recourse debt associated with unconsolidated joint ventures is $35.6 million. The maturities of our proportionate share of the non-recourse debt are summarized in the table below (in thousands):

 

 

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Funds From Operations

DCT Industrial believes that net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, as defined by GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings measure.  However, DCT Industrial considers funds from operations (“FFO”), as defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), to be a useful supplemental, non-GAAP measure of DCT Industrial’s operating performance.  NAREIT developed FFO as a relative measure of performance of an equity REIT in order to recognize that the value of income-producing real estate historically has not depreciated on the basis determined under GAAP.  FFO is generally defined as net income attributable to common stockholders, calculated in accordance with GAAP, plus real estate-related depreciation and amortization, less gains from dispositions of operating real estate held for investment purposes, plus impairment losses on depreciable real estate and impairments of in substance real estate investments in investees that are driven by measurable decreases in the fair value of the depreciable real estate held by the unconsolidated joint ventures and adjustments to derive DCT Industrial’s pro rata share of FFO of unconsolidated joint ventures.  We exclude gains and losses on business combinations and include the gains or losses from dispositions of properties which were acquired or developed with the intention to sell or contribute to an investment fund in our definition of FFO.  Although the NAREIT definition of FFO predates the guidance for accounting for gains and losses on business combinations, we believe that excluding such gains and losses is consistent with the key objective of FFO as a performance measure.  We also present FFO, as adjusted, which excludes hedge ineffectiveness, certain severance costs, acquisition costs, debt modification costs and impairment losses on properties which are not depreciable.  We believe that FFO excluding hedge ineffectiveness, certain severance costs, acquisition costs, debt modification costs and impairment losses on non-depreciable real estate is useful supplemental information regarding our operating performance as it provides a more meaningful and consistent comparison of our operating performance and allows investors to more easily compare our operating results.  Readers should note that FFO captures neither the changes in the value of DCT Industrial’s properties that result from use or market conditions, nor the level of capital expenditures and leasing commissions necessary to maintain the operating performance of DCT Industrial’s properties, all of which have real economic effect and could materially impact DCT Industrial’s results from operations. NAREIT’s definition of FFO is subject to interpretation, and modifications to the NAREIT definition of FFO are common. Accordingly, DCT Industrial’s FFO may not be comparable to other REITs’ FFO and FFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income (loss) as a measure of DCT Industrial’s performance.

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The following table presents the calculation of our FFO reconciled from “Net income attributable to common stockholders” (unaudited, amounts in thousands, except per share and unit data):

 

 

 

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

Market risk is the exposure to losses resulting from changes in market prices such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and rental rates. Our future earnings and cash flows are dependent upon prevailing market rates. Accordingly, we manage our market risk by matching projected cash inflows from operating, investing and financing activities with projected cash outflows for debt service, acquisitions, capital expenditures, distributions to stockholders and OP unitholders and other cash requirements. The majority of our outstanding debt has fixed interest rates, which minimizes the risk of fluctuating interest rates.

Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to market risk includes interest rate fluctuations in connection with our senior unsecured revolving credit facility and other variable rate borrowings and forecasted fixed rate debt issuances, including refinancing of existing fixed rate debt. Interest rate risk may result from many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors that are beyond our control. To manage interest rate risk for variable rate debt and issuances of fixed rate debt, in the past we have primarily used treasury locks and forward-starting swaps as part of our cash flow hedging strategy. These derivatives are designed to mitigate the risk of future interest rate increases by providing a fixed interest rate for a limited, pre-determined period of time. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and only enter into contracts with major financial institutions based on their credit rating and other factors.

During June 2013 certain of our consolidated ventures entered into two pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swaps to hedge the variability of future cash flows attributable to changes in the 1 month LIBOR rates. The pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swaps have an effective date of June 2013 and a maturity date of June 2023. These interest rates swaps effectively fix the interest rate on the related debt instruments at 4.72%. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had borrowings payable subject to these pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swaps with aggregate principal balances of $6.8 million.

During December 2015, we entered into a pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swap to hedge the variability of future cash flows attributable to changes in the 1 month LIBOR rates on our $200.0 million unsecured term loan. The pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swap has an effective date of December 2015 and a maturity date of December 2022. The interest rate swap effectively fixes the interest rate on the related debt instrument at 3.31%, however, there is no floor on the variable interest rate of the swap whereas the current variable-rate debt is subject to a 0.0% floor. While LIBOR rates in certain foreign countries have been or are currently negative, LIBOR rates in the US have never been negative nor do we expect them to become negative in the future. In the event that US LIBOR is negative, the Company will make payments to the hedge counterparty equal to the spread between US LIBOR and zero. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we recorded a non-cash charge of approximately $1.1 million of hedge ineffectiveness in earnings attributable to a zero percent floor mismatch in the hedging relationships (i.e., there is no floor on the variable interest rate of the swap whereas the current variable-rate debt from which the hedged forecasted transactions are expected to flow is subject to a zero percent floor on the USD-LIBOR component of the interest rate). As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had borrowings payable subject to this pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swap with aggregate principal balances of approximately $200.0 million, see “Notes to a Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 5 – Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information.

Our variable rate debt is subject to risk based upon prevailing market interest rates. As of March 31, 2016, we had approximately $386.0 million of variable rate debt outstanding indexed to LIBOR rates. If the LIBOR rates relevant to our variable rate debt were to increase 10%, we estimate that our interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2016 would increase approximately $0.2 million based on our outstanding floating-rate debt as of March 31, 2016. Additionally, if weighted average interest rates on our fixed rate debt were to have increased by 100 basis points due to refinancing, interest expense would have increased by approximately $3.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016.

As of March 31, 2016, the estimated fair value of our debt was approximately $1.7 billion based on our estimate of the then-current market interest rates.

 

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

DCT Industrial Trust Inc.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures; as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of March 31, 2016, the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2016 in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

None.

DCT Industrial Operating Partnership LP

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer of its general partner, the Operating Partnership conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures; as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of March 31, 2016, the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2016 in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Operating Partnership in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

None.

 

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in Item 1A. to Part I of our Form 10-K, as filed on February 19, 2016, except to the extent factual information disclosed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q relates to such risk factors.

 

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

 

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None. 

 

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

 

 

 

 

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signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

 

 

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