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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2010
Commission file number 001-2979
WELLS FARGO & COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware
(State of incorporation)
  No. 41-0449260
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
420 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California 94163
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 1-866-249-3302
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
     
Yes þ
  No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
     
Yes þ
  No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
         
Large accelerated filer
  þ   Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer
  o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)   Smaller reporting company o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
     
Yes o
  No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
     
    Shares Outstanding
    October 29, 2010
Common stock, $1-2/3 par value
  5,248,755,643


 

FORM 10-Q
CROSS-REFERENCE INDEX
             
 
PART I          
   
 
       
Item 1.  
Financial Statements
  Page  
        56  
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        65  
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        126  
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        133  
        141  
   
 
       
Item 2.  
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Financial Review)
       
        2  
        3  
        6  
        14  
        17  
        18  
        48  
        50  
        51  
        51  
        53  
        142  
   
 
       
Item 3.  
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
    43  
   
 
       
Item 4.  
Controls and Procedures
    55  
   
 
       
PART II          
   
 
       
Item 1.       144  
   
 
       
Item 1A.       144  
   
 
       
Item 2.       144  
   
 
       
Item 6.       145  
   
 
       
Signature     145  
   
 
       
Exhibit Index     146  
 
 EX-12.A
 EX-12.B
 EX-31.A
 EX-31.B
 EX-32.A
 EX-32.B
 EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT
 EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 DEFINITION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

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PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
FINANCIAL REVIEW
SUMMARY FINANCIAL DATA
                                                                 
 
                            % Change              
    Quarter ended     Sept. 30, 2010 from     Nine months ended        
    Sept. 30 ,   June 30 ,   Sept. 30 ,   June 30 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Sept. 30 ,   %  
($ in millions, except per share amounts)   2010     2010     2009     2010     2009     2010     2009     Change  
   
For the Period
                                                               
Wells Fargo net income
  $ 3,339       3,062       3,235       9 %     3     $ 8,948       9,452       (5 )%
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock
    3,150       2,878       2,637       9       19       8,400       7,596       11  
Diluted earnings per common share
    0.60       0.55       0.56       9       7       1.60       1.69       (5 )
Profitability ratios (annualized):
                                                               
Wells Fargo net income to average assets (ROA)
    1.09 %     1.00       1.03       9       6       0.98       1.00       (2 )
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock to average Wells Fargo common stockholders’ equity (ROE)
    10.90       10.40       12.04       5       (9 )     10.11       13.29       (24 )
Efficiency ratio (1)
    58.7       59.6       52.0       (2 )     13       58.3       54.9       6  
Total revenue
  $ 20,874       21,394       22,466       (2 )     (7 )   $ 63,716       65,990       (3 )
Pre-tax pre-provision profit (PTPP) (2)
    8,621       8,648       10,782             (20 )     26,600       29,791       (11 )
Dividends declared per common share
    0.05       0.05       0.05                   0.15       0.44       (66 )
Average common shares outstanding
    5,240.1       5,219.7       4,678.3             12       5,216.9       4,471.2       17  
Diluted average common shares outstanding
    5,273.2       5,260.8       4,706.4             12       5,252.9       4,485.3       17  
Average loans
  $ 759,483       772,460       810,191       (2 )     (6 )   $ 776,305       833,076       (7 )
Average assets
    1,220,368       1,224,180       1,246,051             (2 )     1,223,535       1,270,071       (4 )
Average core deposits (3)
    771,957       761,767       759,319       1       2       764,345       759,668       1  
Average retail core deposits (4)
    571,062       574,436       584,414       (1 )     (2 )     572,567       590,499       (3 )
Net interest margin
    4.25 %     4.38       4.36       (3 )     (3 )     4.30       4.27       1  
At Period End
                                                               
Securities available for sale
  $ 176,875       157,927       183,814       12       (4 )   $ 176,875       183,814       (4 )
Loans
    753,664       766,265       799,952       (2 )     (6 )     753,664       799,952       (6 )
Allowance for loan losses
    23,939       24,584       24,028       (3 )           23,939       24,028        
Goodwill
    24,831       24,820       24,052             3       24,831       24,052       3  
Assets
    1,220,784       1,225,862       1,228,625             (1 )     1,220,784       1,228,625       (1 )
Core deposits (3)
    771,792       758,680       747,913       2       3       771,792       747,913       3  
Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity
    123,658       119,772       122,150       3       1       123,658       122,150       1  
Total equity
    125,165       121,398       128,924       3       (3 )     125,165       128,924       (3 )
Tier 1 capital (5)
    105,609       101,992       108,785       4       (3 )     105,609       108,785       (3 )
Total capital (5)
    144,094       141,088       150,079       2       (4 )     144,094       150,079       (4 )
Capital ratios:
                                                               
Total equity to assets
    10.25 %     9.90       10.49       4       (2 )     10.25       10.49       (2 )
Risk-based capital (5)
                                                               
Tier 1 capital
    10.90       10.51       10.63       4       3       10.90       10.63       3  
Total capital
    14.88       14.53       14.66       2       2       14.88       14.66       2  
Tier 1 leverage (5)
    9.01       8.66       9.03       4             9.01       9.03        
Tier 1 common equity (6)
    8.01       7.61       5.18       5       55       8.01       5.18       55  
Book value per common share
  $ 22.04       21.35       19.46       3       13     $ 22.04       19.46       13  
Team members (active, full-time equivalent)
    266,900       267,600       265,100             1       266,900       265,100       1  
Common stock price:
                                                               
High
  $ 28.77       34.25       29.56       (16 )     (3 )   $ 34.25       30.47       12  
Low
    23.02       25.52       22.08       (10 )     4       23.02       7.80       195  
Period end
    25.12       25.60       28.18       (2 )     (11 )     25.12       28.18       (11 )
 
(1)   The efficiency ratio is noninterest expense divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income).
(2)   Pre-tax pre-provision profit (PTPP) is total revenue less noninterest expense. Management believes that PTPP is a useful financial measure because it enables investors and others to assess the Company’s ability to generate capital to cover credit losses through a credit cycle.
(3)   Core deposits are noninterest-bearing deposits, interest-bearing checking, savings certificates, certain market rate and other savings, and certain foreign deposits (Eurodollar sweep balances).
(4)   Retail core deposits are total core deposits excluding Wholesale Banking core deposits and retail mortgage escrow deposits.
(5)   See Note 18 (Regulatory and Agency Capital Requirements) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information.
(6)   See the “Capital Management” section in this Report for additional information.

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This Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010, including the Financial Review and the Financial Statements and related Notes, contains forward-looking statements, which may include forecasts of our financial results and condition, expectations for our operations and business, and our assumptions for those forecasts and expectations. Do not unduly rely on forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from our forward-looking statements due to several factors. Some of these factors are described in the Financial Review and in the Financial Statements and related Notes. For a discussion of other factors, refer to the “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” sections in this Report and to the “Risk Factors” and “Regulation and Supervision” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 (2009 Form 10-K) and the “Risk Factors” section of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2010 (First Quarter Form 10-Q) and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2010 (Second Quarter Form 10-Q), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
See the Glossary of Acronyms at the end of this Report for terms used throughout this Report.
FINANCIAL REVIEW
OVERVIEW
Wells Fargo & Company is a nationwide, diversified, community-based financial services company, with $1.2 trillion in assets, providing banking, insurance, trust and investments, mortgage banking, investment banking, retail banking, brokerage and consumer finance through banking stores, the internet and other distribution channels to individuals, businesses and institutions in all 50 states, the District of Columbia (D.C.) and in other countries. We ranked fourth in assets and second in the market value of our common stock among our large bank peers at September 30, 2010. When we refer to “Wells Fargo,” “the Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” in this Report, we mean Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries (consolidated). When we refer to the “Parent,” we mean Wells Fargo & Company. When we refer to “legacy Wells Fargo,” we mean Wells Fargo excluding Wachovia Corporation (Wachovia), which was acquired by Wells Fargo on December 31, 2008.
Our vision is to satisfy all our customers’ financial needs, help them succeed financially, be recognized as the premier financial services company in our markets and be one of America’s great companies. Our primary strategy to achieve this vision is to increase the number of products our customers buy from us and to provide them all the financial products that will help them fulfill their needs. Our cross-sell strategy, diversified business model and the breadth of our geographic reach facilitate growth in both strong and weak economic cycles, as we can grow by expanding the number of products our current customers have with us, gain new customers in our extended markets, and increase market share in many businesses.
Our company earned $3.3 billion in third quarter 2010, our highest quarterly net income ever, with $0.60 diluted earnings per common share, compared with $3.2 billion ($0.56 diluted earnings per common share) in third quarter 2009. Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was $8.9 billion ($1.60 diluted earnings per common share), compared with $9.5 billion ($1.69 diluted earnings per common share) in the same period of 2009. Total revenue of $20.9 billion in third quarter 2010 was down 7% from third quarter 2009, reflecting lower net interest income, the impact of changes to Regulation E and related overdraft policy changes, and lower mortgage banking results. Net interest income of $11.1 billion was down 5% from third quarter 2009 driven primarily by the continued reduction of our non-strategic loan portfolios. Third quarter 2010 earnings reflected the success of the Wachovia merger and the benefits of our steady commitment to our core business of helping customers

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succeed financially. Year-over-year earnings and growth in the franchise were broad based, with all business segments contributing to our net income.
Significant items (pre-tax impact) in third quarter 2010 included:
  $650 million release of loan loss reserves (net charge-offs less provision for credit losses), reflecting improved loan portfolio performance;
  $380 million approximate negative impact from changes to Regulation E and related overdraft policy changes;
  $202 million of commercial PCI loan resolutions, resulting from sales or settlements; and
  $476 million of merger integration expenses.
The Wachovia merger has met or exceeded our expectations in terms of lower credit losses, more abundant revenue synergies and integration savings. We achieved approximately 85% of our targeted run-rate annual cost savings of $5.0 billion by the end of third quarter 2010, and we are on track to achieve 100% of targeted cost savings upon completing the merger integration in 2011.
Our cross-sell at legacy Wells Fargo set a record in third quarter 2010 with 6.08 products for retail banking households. Our goal is eight products per customer, which is approximately half of our estimate of potential demand. One of every four of our legacy Wells Fargo retail banking households has eight or more products and our average middle-market commercial banking customer has almost eight products. Wachovia retail bank household cross-sell continued to grow to an average of 4.91 products. We believe there is potentially significant opportunity for growth from an increase in cross-sell to Wachovia retail bank households. Business banking cross-sell offers another potential opportunity for growth, with cross-sell up to 3.97 products in the legacy Wells Fargo footprint, including Wells Fargo and Wachovia customers.
We continued taking actions to build capital and further strengthen our balance sheet, including reducing previously identified non-strategic and liquidating loan portfolios, which declined by $46.8 billion since the Wachovia acquisition and $6.2 billion in third quarter 2010 to $119.1 billion at September 30, 2010. Our capital ratios grew significantly in third quarter 2010, driven by strong internal capital generation, with Tier 1 common equity reaching 8.01%, up 40 basis points from second quarter 2010, and Tier 1 capital at 10.90%. The Tier 1 leverage ratio increased to 9.01%. Our capital ratios at September 30, 2010, were higher than they were prior to the Wachovia acquisition. While Basel III requirements are still not final, we expect to be above a 7% Tier 1 common equity ratio under the proposed rules, as we currently understand them, within the next few quarters. See the “Capital Management” section in this Report for more information regarding Tier 1 common equity.
As we have stated in the past, successful companies must invest in their core businesses and maintain strong balance sheets to consistently grow over the long term. In third quarter 2010, we opened 13 retail banking stores for a retail network total of 6,335 stores. We converted 193 Wachovia banking stores in Texas and Kansas in July 2010 and 170 in Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee in late September 2010. We will continue to convert stores in the eastern United States this year and in 2011.
Wells Fargo remained one of the largest providers of credit to the U.S. economy in third quarter 2010. We continued to lend to creditworthy customers and, during third quarter 2010, made $176 billion in new loans and commitments to consumer, small business and commercial customers, including $101 billion of residential mortgage originations.
Credit quality improved for the third consecutive quarter, with net charge-offs declining to $4.1 billion, down $394 million, or 9%, from second quarter 2010 and down 24% from last year’s fourth quarter peak. Reflecting improved portfolio performance, we released $650 million in loan loss reserves (net charge-

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offs less provision for credit losses) in third quarter 2010. Absent significant deterioration in the economy, we anticipate that reserve levels will continue to decline.
The improvement in credit quality was also evident in the portfolio of PCI loans, which consists of loans acquired through the Wachovia merger that were deemed to have probable loss and therefore written down at acquisition. Overall this portfolio has continued to perform better than original expectations. The commercial, CRE, foreign and other consumer portfolios continued to have positive performance trends, resulting in a combined $639 million transfer from nonaccretable difference to accretable yield in third quarter 2010. This increase in the accretable yield is expected to be recognized as a yield adjustment to income over the remaining life of these loans. In addition, for commercial PCI loans, due to increased payoffs and dispositions, we reduced the associated nonaccretable difference by $202 million (reflected in income in the third quarter).
Nonaccrual loans increased 2% from second quarter 2010, ending the quarter at $28.3 billion. The modest growth in third quarter 2010 occurred primarily in commercial loans, while nonaccruals in many other portfolios were essentially flat or down. For additional information, see “Risk Management — Credit Risk Management — Nonaccrual Loans and Other Nonperforming Assets” and Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) in this Report.
In working with our customers, foreclosure is always a last resort, and we work hard to find other solutions through multiple discussions with customers over many months before proceeding to foreclosure. Since January 2009 we have helped over 556,000 borrowers avoid foreclosure through active and trial modifications, and have forgiven $3.5 billion of principal. Over the same period, we completed fewer than 230,000 owner-occupied foreclosure sales. We believe we have a high quality residential mortgage servicing portfolio and that our repurchase exposure related to mortgage securitizations is manageable and that our liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses of $1.3 billion at September 30, 2010, is adequate. Repurchase demands in third quarter 2010 were down linked quarter in both number and balance. See the “Risk Management — Credit Risk Management — Nonaccrual Loans and Other Nonperforming Assets, — Liability for Mortgage Loan Repurchase Losses and — Risks Relating to Servicing Activities” sections and Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Changes — Subsequent Events) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information regarding our foreclosure processes, mortgage repurchase exposure and servicing activities.
On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Dodd-Frank Act) became law. The Dodd-Frank Act reshapes and restructures the supervision and regulation of the financial services industry. Although the Dodd-Frank Act became generally effective in July, many of its provisions have extended implementation periods and delayed effective dates and will require extensive rulemaking by regulatory authorities. The ultimate impact of the Dodd-Frank Act cannot be determined.

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EARNINGS PERFORMANCE
Revenue was $20.9 billion in third quarter 2010 compared with $22.5 billion in third quarter 2009. Revenue for the first nine months of 2010 was $63.7 billion compared with $66.0 billion in the same period a year ago. Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities were up $835 million from a year ago, reflecting strong mortgage originations. Mortgage servicing income was down $1.4 billion from the prior year, primarily due to a decline in hedge carry income. Reflecting the breadth and growth potential of the Company’s business model, many businesses had double-digit revenue growth from third quarter 2009, including merchant services, debit card, private student lending, capital finance, commercial real estate (CRE) and real estate investment banking (Eastdil Secured). Net interest income of $11.1 billion declined 5% from a year ago compared with a 6% decline in average loans.
Noninterest expense of $12.3 billion in third quarter 2010 was up 5% from a year ago. Third quarter 2010 expenses included $476 million of merger integration costs, compared with $249 million a year ago. Our expenses reflect, in addition to merger integration and credit resolution expenses, our continued investment for long-term growth, hiring in regional and commercial banking as we apply the Wells Fargo business model throughout legacy Wachovia markets, and investing in technology to improve service across the franchise. As of third quarter 2010, we have already realized approximately 85% of our targeted $5.0 billion annual run-rate cost savings from the Wachovia merger. The efficiency ratio was 58.7% in third quarter 2010 compared with 59.6% in second quarter 2010 and 52.0% in third quarter 2009, with the increase from a year ago due to lower net interest income and lower mortgage banking revenue.
NET INTEREST INCOME
Net interest income is the interest earned on debt securities, loans (including yield-related loan fees) and other interest-earning assets minus the interest paid for deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term debt. The net interest margin is the average yield on earning assets minus the average interest rate paid for deposits and our other sources of funding. Net interest income and the net interest margin are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis to consistently reflect income from taxable and tax-exempt loans and securities based on a 35% federal statutory tax rate.
Net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis was $11.3 billion in third quarter 2010 and $11.9 billion in third quarter 2009, reflecting a decline in average loans, including a reduction in loans in the liquidating portfolios. The net interest margin was 4.25% in third quarter 2010 down from 4.36% a year ago, due to the continued run-off of non-strategic loan portfolios (including Pick-a-Pay mortgage, legacy Wells Fargo Financial indirect auto, and commercial and CRE PCI loans), which tend to have higher yields but also higher charge-offs than loans in our on-going loan portfolios.
Average earning assets were $1.1 trillion in third quarter 2010, flat compared with third quarter 2009. Average loans decreased to $759.5 billion in third quarter 2010 from $810.2 billion a year ago. We continued to supply significant amounts of credit to consumers and businesses in third quarter 2010. Average mortgages held for sale (MHFS) were $38.1 billion in third quarter 2010, down from $40.6 billion a year ago. Average debt securities available for sale were $158.3 billion in third quarter 2010, down from $186.3 billion a year ago.

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Core deposits are a low-cost source of funding and thus have an important influence on net interest income and the net interest margin. Core deposits include noninterest-bearing deposits, interest-bearing checking, savings certificates, certain market rate and other savings, and certain foreign deposits (Eurodollar sweep balances). Average core deposits increased to $772.0 billion in third quarter 2010 from $759.3 billion in third quarter 2009, and funded 102% and 94% of average loans in the same periods, respectively. Average checking and savings deposits, typically the lowest cost deposits, represented about 89% of our average core deposits, one of the highest percentages in the industry. Certificates of deposit (CDs) declined $37.6 billion from third quarter 2009, including approximately $21 billion of higher-cost Wachovia CDs that matured, yet total core deposits were up $23.9 billion from a year ago. Of average core deposits, $686.9 billion represent transaction accounts or low-cost savings accounts from consumer and commercial customers, which increased 9% from $629.6 billion in third quarter 2009. Total average retail core deposits, which exclude Wholesale Banking core deposits and retail mortgage escrow deposits, decreased to $571.1 billion for third quarter 2010 from $584.4 billion a year ago. Average mortgage escrow deposits were $30.2 billion in third quarter 2010, compared with $28.7 billion a year ago. Average certificates of deposits decreased to $85.0 billion in third quarter 2010 from $129.7 billion a year ago. Total average interest-bearing deposits were $631.2 billion in third quarter 2010 compared with $633.4 billion a year ago.
The following table presents the individual components of net interest income and the net interest margin.

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AVERAGE BALANCES, YIELDS AND RATES PAID (TAXABLE-EQUIVALENT BASIS) (1)(2)
                                                 
 
    Quarter ended September 30 ,
    2010     2009  
                    Interest                     Interest  
    Average     Yields/     income/     Average     Yields/     income/  
(in millions)   balance     rates     expense     balance     rates     expense  
   
Earning assets
                                               
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments
  $ 70,839       0.38 %   $ 67       16,356       0.66 %   $ 27  
Trading assets
    29,080       3.77       275       20,518       4.29       221  
Debt securities available for sale (3):
                                               
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
    1,673       2.79       11       2,545       3.79       24  
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    17,220       5.89       249       12,818       6.28       204  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
Federal agencies
    70,486       5.35       885       94,457       5.34       1,221  
Residential and commercial
    33,425       12.53       987       43,214       9.56       1,089  
                                     
Total mortgage-backed securities
    103,911       7.67       1,872       137,671       6.75       2,310  
Other debt securities (4)
    35,533       6.02       503       33,294       7.00       568  
                                     
Total debt securities available for sale(4)
    158,337       7.05       2,635       186,328       6.72       3,106  
Mortgages held for sale (5)
    38,073       4.72       449       40,604       5.16       524  
Loans held for sale (5)
    3,223       2.71       22       4,975       2.67       34  
Loans:
                                               
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                                               
Commercial
    146,139       4.57       1,679       175,642       4.34       1,919  
Real estate mortgage
    99,082       4.15       1,036       95,612       3.45       832  
Real estate construction
    29,469       3.31       246       40,487       2.94       300  
Lease financing
    13,156       9.07       298       14,360       9.14       328  
                                     
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    287,846       4.50       3,259       326,101       4.12       3,379  
                                     
Consumer:
                                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage
    231,172       5.16       2,987       235,051       5.35       3,154  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    100,257       4.41       1,114       105,779       4.62       1,229  
Credit card
    22,048       13.57       748       23,448       11.65       683  
Other revolving credit and installment
    87,884       6.50       1,441       90,199       6.48       1,473  
                                     
Total consumer
    441,361       5.68       6,290       454,477       5.73       6,539  
                                     
Foreign
    30,276       3.15       240       29,613       3.61       270  
                                     
Total loans(5)
    759,483       5.13       9,789       810,191       5.00       10,188  
Other
    5,912       3.53       53       6,088       3.29       49  
                                     
Total earning assets
  $ 1,064,947       5.01 %   $ 13,290       1,085,060       5.20 %   $ 14,149  
                                     
Funding sources
                                               
Deposits:
                                               
Interest-bearing checking
  $ 59,677       0.10 %   $ 15       59,467       0.15 %   $ 21  
Market rate and other savings
    419,996       0.25       269       369,120       0.34       317  
Savings certificates
    85,044       1.50       322       129,698       1.35       442  
Other time deposits
    14,400       2.33       83       18,248       1.93       89  
Deposits in foreign offices
    52,061       0.24       32       56,820       0.25       36  
                                     
Total interest-bearing deposits
    631,178       0.45       721       633,353       0.57       905  
Short-term borrowings
    46,468       0.26       31       39,828       0.35       36  
Long-term debt
    177,077       2.76       1,226       222,580       2.33       1,301  
Other liabilities
    6,764       3.39       58       5,620       3.30       46  
                                     
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    861,487       0.94       2,036       901,381       1.01       2,288  
Portion of noninterest-bearing funding sources
    203,460                   183,679              
                                     
Total funding sources
  $ 1,064,947       0.76       2,036       1,085,060       0.84       2,288  
                                     
Net interest margin and net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis (6)
            4.25 %   $ 11,254               4.36 %   $ 11,861  
                           
Noninterest-earning assets
                                               
Cash and due from banks
  $ 17,000                       18,084                  
Goodwill
    24,829                       24,435                  
Other
    113,592                       118,472                  
                                         
Total noninterest-earning assets
  $ 155,421                       160,991                  
                                         
Noninterest-bearing funding sources
                                               
Deposits
  $ 184,837                       172,588                  
Other liabilities
    50,013                       47,646                  
Total equity
    124,031                       124,436                  
Noninterest-bearing funding sources used to fund earning assets
    (203,460 )                     (183,679 )                
                                         
Net noninterest-bearing funding sources
  $ 155,421                       160,991                  
                                         
Total assets
  $ 1,220,368                       1,246,051                  
                                         
 
(1)   Our average prime rate was 3.25% for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009. The average three-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) was 0.39% and 0.41% for the quarters ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and 0.36% and 0.83% for the nine months of 2010 and 2009, respectively.
(2)   Interest rates and amounts include the effects of hedge and risk management activities associated with the respective asset and liability categories.
(3)   Yields and rates are based on interest income/expense amounts for the period, annualized based on the accrual basis for the respective accounts. The average balance amounts include the effects of any unrealized gain or loss marks but those marks carried in other comprehensive income are not included in yield determination of affected earning assets. Thus yields are based on amortized cost balances computed on a settlement date basis.
(4)   Includes certain preferred securities.
(5)   Nonaccrual loans and related income are included in their respective loan categories.
(6)   Includes taxable-equivalent adjustments primarily related to tax-exempt income on certain loans and securities. The federal statutory tax rate was 35% for the periods presented.

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    Nine months ended September 30 ,
    2010     2009  
                    Interest                     Interest  
    Average     Yields/     income/     Average     Yields/     income/  
(in millions)   balance     rates     expense     balance     rates     expense  
   
Earning assets
                                               
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments
  $ 59,905       0.35 %   $ 156       20,411       0.73 %   $ 111  
Trading assets
    28,588       3.82       819       20,389       4.64       709  
Debt securities available for sale (3):
                                               
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
    2,013       3.36       49       2,514       2.61       48  
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    15,716       6.29       725       12,409       6.39       623  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
Federal agencies
    74,330       5.38       2,838       87,916       5.45       3,492  
Residential and commercial
    33,133       10.58       2,546       41,070       9.05       3,150  
                                     
Total mortgage-backed securities
    107,463       7.01       5,384       128,986       6.72       6,642  
Other debt securities (4)
    33,727       6.56       1,557       31,437       7.01       1,691  
                                     
Total debt securities available for sale(4)
    158,919       6.80       7,715       175,346       6.69       9,004  
Mortgages held for sale (5)
    33,903       4.88       1,241       38,315       5.16       1,484  
Loans held for sale (5)
    4,660       2.46       86       6,693       3.01       151  
Loans:
                                               
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                                               
Commercial
    150,153       4.83       5,431       186,610       4.10       5,725  
Real estate mortgage
    98,264       3.91       2,875       95,928       3.50       2,510  
Real estate construction
    32,770       3.27       801       41,735       2.89       901  
Lease financing
    13,592       9.28       946       14,968       9.04       1,015  
                                     
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    294,779       4.56       10,053       339,241       4.00       10,151  
                                     
Consumer:
                                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage
    237,848       5.22       9,305       240,409       5.51       9,926  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    102,839       4.47       3,444       108,094       4.81       3,894  
Credit card
    22,539       13.32       2,251       23,236       12.16       2,118  
Other revolving credit and installment
    88,998       6.49       4,320       91,240       6.60       4,502  
                                     
Total consumer
    452,224       5.70       19,320       462,979       5.90       20,440  
                                     
Foreign
    29,302       3.46       758       30,856       4.02       929  
                                     
Total loans(5)
    776,305       5.18       30,131       833,076       5.05       31,520  
Other
    6,021       3.45       156       6,102       3.02       137  
                                     
Total earning assets
  $ 1,068,301       5.07 %   $ 40,304       1,100,332       5.21 %   $ 43,116  
                                     
Funding sources
                                               
Deposits:
                                               
Interest-bearing checking
  $ 60,961       0.13 %   $ 57       73,195       0.14 %   $ 77  
Market rate and other savings
    412,060       0.27       822       339,081       0.42       1,072  
Savings certificates
    89,824       1.43       962       150,607       1.14       1,280  
Other time deposits
    15,066       2.08       235       21,794       1.97       321  
Deposits in foreign offices
    54,973       0.23       94       50,907       0.29       111  
                                     
Total interest-bearing deposits
    632,884       0.46       2,170       635,584       0.60       2,861  
Short-term borrowings
    45,549       0.22       75       58,447       0.50       217  
Long-term debt
    193,724       2.57       3,735       238,909       2.55       4,568  
Other liabilities
    6,393       3.38       162       4,675       3.50       122  
                                     
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    878,550       0.93       6,142       937,615       1.11       7,768  
Portion of noninterest-bearing funding sources
    189,751                   162,717              
                                     
Total funding sources
  $ 1,068,301       0.77       6,142       1,100,332       0.94       7,768  
                                     
Net interest margin and net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis (6)
            4.30 %   $ 34,162               4.27 %   $ 35,348  
                           
Noninterest-earning assets
                                               
Cash and due from banks
  $ 17,484                       19,218                  
Goodwill
    24,822                       23,964                  
Other
    112,928                       126,557                  
                                         
Total noninterest-earning assets
  $ 155,234                       169,739                  
                                         
Noninterest-bearing funding sources
                                               
Deposits
  $ 177,975                       169,187                  
Other liabilities
    46,174                       49,249                  
Total equity
    120,836                       114,020                  
Noninterest-bearing funding sources used to fund earning assets
    (189,751 )                     (162,717 )                
                                         
Net noninterest-bearing funding sources
  $ 155,234                       169,739                  
                                         
Total assets
  $ 1,223,535                       1,270,071                  
                                         
 

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NONINTEREST INCOME
                                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   %     Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,   %  
(in millions)   2010     2009     Change     2010     2009     Change  
   
Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 1,132       1,478       (23 )%   $ 3,881       4,320       (10 )%
Trust and investment fees:
                                               
Trust, investment and IRA fees
    924       989       (7 )     3,008       2,550       18  
Commissions and all other fees
    1,640       1,513       8       4,968       4,580       8  
                         
Total trust and investment fees
    2,564       2,502       2       7,976       7,130       12  
                         
Card fees
    935       946       (1 )     2,711       2,722        
Other fees:
                                               
Cash network fees
    73       60       22       186       176       6  
Charges and fees on loans
    424       453       (6 )     1,244       1,326       (6 )
Processing and all other fees
    507       437       16       1,497       1,312       14  
                         
Total other fees
    1,004       950       6       2,927       2,814       4  
                         
Mortgage banking (1):
                                               
Servicing income, net
    516       1,919       (73 )     3,100       3,641       (15 )
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities
    1,983       1,148       73       3,880       4,976       (22 )
                         
Total mortgage banking
    2,499       3,067       (19 )     6,980       8,617       (19 )
                         
Insurance
    397       468       (15 )     1,562       1,644       (5 )
Net gains from trading activities
    470       622       (24 )     1,116       2,158       (48 )
Net losses on debt securities available for sale
    (114 )     (40 )     185       (56 )     (237 )     (76 )
Net gains (losses) from equity investments
    131       29       352       462       (88 )   NM
Operating leases
    222       224       (1 )     736       522       41  
All other
    536       536             1,727       1,564       10  
                         
Total
  $ 9,776       10,782       (9 )   $ 30,022       31,166       (4 )
   
 
NM — Not meaningful
(1)   2009 categories have been revised to conform to current presentation.
Noninterest income represented 47% of total revenues for both the third quarter and first nine months of 2010, respectively, compared with 48% and 47%, respectively, for the same periods a year ago. Third quarter 2010 noninterest income was down 9% year over year, primarily due to lower mortgage banking hedge results, partially offset by increased gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities.
Service charges on deposit accounts were $1.1 billion in third quarter 2010, down 23% from a year ago primarily due to the negative impact from changes to Regulation E and related overdraft policy changes. We currently estimate that the combination of these changes will reduce our fee revenue in fourth quarter 2010 by approximately $440 million. The actual impact in fourth quarter 2010 and future periods could vary due to a variety of factors, including changes in customer behavior, economic conditions and other potential offsetting factors.
We earn fees on trust, investment and IRA (Individual Retirement Account) accounts from managing and administering assets, including mutual funds, corporate trust, personal trust, employee benefit trust and agency assets. At September 30, 2010, these assets totaled $2.0 trillion, up 11% from $1.8 trillion a year ago, primarily reflecting an 8% increase in the S&P 500 over the same period. Trust, investment and IRA fees are primarily based on a tiered scale relative to the market value of the assets under management or administration. These fees decreased to $924 million in third quarter 2010 from $989 million a year ago.
We received commissions and other fees for providing services to full-service and discount brokerage customers of $1.6 billion in third quarter 2010 and $1.5 billion a year ago. These fees include transactional commissions, which are based on the number of transactions executed at the customer’s direction, and asset-based fees, which are based on the market value of the customer’s assets. Client assets totaled $1.1 trillion at September 30, 2010, up 4% from a year ago. Commissions and other fees also include fees from investment banking activities including equity and bond underwriting.
Card fees were $935 million in third quarter 2010, down from $946 million a year ago. Recent legislative and regulatory changes limit our ability to increase interest rates and assess certain fees on card accounts.

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The anticipated net impact in fourth quarter 2010 related to these changes is estimated to be $47 million. The actual impact in 2010 and future periods could vary due to a variety of factors, including changes in customer behavior, economic conditions and other potential offsetting factors.
Mortgage banking noninterest income was $2.5 billion in third quarter 2010, down from $3.1 billion a year ago. An $835 million increase in net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities from a year ago was more than offset by a $1.4 billion decline in net servicing income.
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities increased to $2.0 billion in third quarter 2010, up $835 million from a year ago. This increase was primarily due to higher origination volumes and business margins in this low mortgage interest rate environment. Residential real estate originations were $101 billion in third quarter 2010, up 5% from $96 billion a year ago and mortgage applications were $194 billion in third quarter 2010 compared with $123 billion for third quarter 2009. The 1-4 family first mortgage unclosed pipeline was $101 billion at September 30, 2010, and $57 billion at December 31, 2009.
Net servicing income decreased to $516 million in third quarter 2010 from $1.9 billion a year ago. Net servicing income includes both changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) during the period as well as changes in the value of derivatives (economic hedges) used to hedge the MSRs. Net servicing income for third quarter 2010 included a $56 million net MSRs valuation gain ($1.1 billion decrease in the fair value of the MSRs partially offsetting a $1.2 billion hedge gain) and for third quarter 2009 included a $1.5 billion net MSRs valuation gain ($2.1 billion decrease in the fair value of MSRs partially offsetting a $3.6 billion hedge gain). The $1.5 billion decline in the net MSR hedge results for third quarter 2010 compared with third quarter 2009 is primarily due to a decline in hedge carry income, which resulted from the combination of a reduced level of financial hedges, given a lower MSR asset value and an increased reliance on the “natural business hedge” and lower rate of carry resulting from lower interest rates and mix of financial instruments. See the “Risk Management — Mortgage Banking Interest Rate and Market Risk” section of this Report for additional information regarding our MSRs risks and hedging approach. At September 30, 2010, the ratio of MSRs to related loans serviced for others was 0.72% compared with 0.91% at December 31, 2009. The average note rate was 5.46% at September 30, 2010, compared with 5.66% at December 31, 2009.
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities include the cost of any additions to the liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses as well as adjustments of loans in the warehouse/pipeline for changes in market conditions that affect their value. Mortgage loans are repurchased based on standard representations and warranties and early payment default clauses in mortgage sale contracts. Additions to the liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses that were charged against net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities were $370 million and $1.2 billion, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010. For additional information about mortgage loan repurchases, see the “Risk Management — Credit Risk Management Process — Liability for Mortgage Loan Repurchase Losses” section and Note 7 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Income from trading activities was a $470 million gain in third quarter 2010, down from a $622 million gain a year ago. This decrease reflects a return to a more normal trading environment from a year ago as well as a continued reduction in risk levels while we continue to prioritize support for our customer-related activities.
Aggregate net gains on debt securities available for sale and equity securities totaled $17 million in third quarter 2010, compared with net losses of $11 million a year ago. Impairment write-downs were $179 million in third quarter 2010, compared with $396 million a year ago. For additional information,

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see the “Balance Sheet Analysis — Securities Available for Sale” section and Note 4 (Securities Available for Sale) to Financial Statements in this Report.
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
                                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   %     Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,   %  
(in millions)   2010     2009     Change     2010     2009     Change  
   
Salaries
  $ 3,478       3,428       1 %   $ 10,356       10,252       1 %
Commission and incentive compensation
    2,280       2,051       11       6,497       5,935       9  
Employee benefits
    1,074       1,034       4       3,459       3,545       (2 )
Equipment
    557       563       (1 )     1,823       1,825        
Net occupancy
    742       778       (5 )     2,280       2,357       (3 )
Core deposit and other intangibles
    548       642       (15 )     1,650       1,935       (15 )
FDIC and other deposit assessments
    300       228       32       896       1,547       (42 )
Outside professional services
    533       489       9       1,589       1,350       18  
Contract services
    430       254       69       1,161       726       60  
Foreclosed assets
    366       243       51       1,085       678       60  
Outside data processing
    263       251       5       811       745       9  
Postage, stationery and supplies
    233       211       10       705       701       1  
Operating losses
    230       117       97       1,065       448       138  
Insurance
    62       208       (70 )     374       734       (49 )
Telecommunications
    146       142       3       445       464       (4 )
Travel and entertainment
    195       151       29       562       387       45  
Advertising and promotion
    170       160       6       438       396       11  
Operating leases
    21       52       (60 )     85       183       (54 )
All other
    625       682       (8 )     1,835       1,991       (8 )
                         
Total
  $ 12,253       11,684       5     $ 37,116       36,199       3  
   
 
Noninterest expense was $12.3 billion in third quarter 2010, up 5% compared with $11.7 billion in third quarter 2009. Noninterest expense continued to be elevated by merger integration expenses, and higher credit and resolution costs, including expenses associated with foreclosed assets, loan modifications and other home preservation activities. Merger integrations costs were $476 million in third quarter 2010 compared with $249 million a year ago. Foreclosed assets expense was $366 million in third quarter 2010, up 51% from a year ago due to a $3.6 billion increase in foreclosed assets year over year, including $2.1 billion of foreclosed loans in the PCI portfolio that are now recorded as foreclosed assets.
The $146 million decline in insurance expense from third quarter 2009 was mostly due to lower insurance reserve increases at our captive mortgage reinsurance operation for third quarter 2010 compared with a year ago.
We continued to invest for long-term growth throughout the Company, hiring in regional banking and commercial banking as we apply Wells Fargo’s model to the eastern markets, and investing in technology to improve service across our franchise. Our current expense base is elevated by integration and workout costs, which should decline over time. In addition, we are looking at other ways to reduce cost by simplifying and streamlining our activities and processes throughout the Company. We converted 363 Wachovia banking stores in Texas, Kansas, Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee in third quarter 2010 and opened 13 banking stores in the quarter for a retail network total of 6,335 stores.
INCOME TAX EXPENSE
Our effective income tax rate was 34.4% in third quarter 2010, up from 29.5% in third quarter 2009, and was 34.3% for the first nine months of 2010, up from 31.7% for the first nine months of 2009. The increase for the first nine months of 2010 was partly due to additional tax expense in 2010 related to the new health care legislation, fewer favorable settlements with tax authorities and a reduction in tax-advantaged income, including interest and dividends.

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OPERATING SEGMENT RESULTS
We have three lines of business for management reporting: Community Banking; Wholesale Banking; and Wealth, Brokerage and Retirement. We define our operating segments by product and customer. Our management accounting process measures the performance of the operating segments based on our management structure and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for other financial services companies.
The table below and the following discussion present our results by operating segment. For a more complete description of our operating segments, including additional financial information and the underlying management accounting process, see Note 16 (Operating Segments) to Financial Statements in this Report.
OPERATING SEGMENT RESULTS — HIGHLIGHTS
                                                 
 
                                    Wealth, Brokerage  
    Community Banking     Wholesale Banking     and Retirement  
(in billions)   2010     2009     2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Quarter ended September 30,
                                               
Revenue
  $ 13.6       15.6       5.2       4.9       2.9       2.8  
Net income
    2.0       2.7       1.4       0.6       0.3       0.1  
   
Average loans
    527.0       553.2       222.5       247.0       42.6       45.4  
Average core deposits
    535.7       550.2       172.2       146.8       120.7       116.3  
   
 
                                               
Nine months ended September 30,
                                               
Revenue
  $ 41.4       45.2       16.2       15.1       8.7       8.1  
Net income
    5.2       6.8       4.1       2.8       0.8       0.5  
   
Average loans
    540.3       562.2       226.0       261.1       43.0       46.0  
Average core deposits
    533.7       556.9       164.9       141.3       121.1       110.9  
   
Community Banking offers a complete line of diversified financial products and services for consumers and small businesses including investment, insurance and trust services in 39 states and D.C., and mortgage and home equity loans in all 50 states and D.C.
Community Banking’s net income decreased 27% to $2.0 billion in third quarter 2010 from $2.7 billion a year ago. Revenue decreased to $13.6 billion and $41.4 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2010, respectively, from $15.6 billion and $45.2 billion for the same periods a year ago. Net interest income decreased $977 million, or 11%, in third quarter 2010 from a year ago driven by the planned reduction in certain liquidating loan portfolios. Average loans decreased $26.2 billion, or 5%, in third quarter 2010 from a year ago, due to the run-off of liquidating loan portfolios and continued low demand. Average core deposits decreased $14.5 billion in third quarter 2010 from a year ago, primarily due to Wachovia high yield savings certificates maturing. Noninterest income decreased $986 million, or 15%, driven primarily by lower mortgage banking income and lower deposit service charges due to changes to Regulation E and related overdraft policy changes. The provision for loan losses decreased $1.5 billion, or 32%, due to lower net charge-offs and a $400 million credit reserve release (net charge-offs less provision for credit losses) in third quarter 2010 compared with a $265 million credit reserve build a year ago. Noninterest expense increased $322 million, or 5%, due primarily to higher personnel expense, higher foreclosed assets and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) assessments, partially offset by Wachovia merger-related cost savings.

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Wholesale Banking provides financial solutions to businesses across the United States with annual sales generally in excess of $10 million and financial institutions globally. Products include middle market banking, corporate banking, commercial real estate, treasury management, asset-based lending, insurance brokerage, foreign exchange, correspondent banking, trade services, specialized lending, equipment finance, corporate trust, investment banking, capital markets, and asset management.
Wholesale Banking’s net income of $1.4 billion in third quarter 2010 was up 143% from $594 million in third quarter 2009. Net income increased to $4.1 billion for the first nine months of 2010 from $2.8 billion a year ago. Net interest income of $2.9 billion in third quarter 2010 increased 14% from $2.5 billion a year ago due to PCI loans and security resolutions partially offset by lower average loans. Average loans of $222.5 billion declined 10% from third quarter 2009 driven by declines across most lending areas. Average core deposits of $172.2 billion in third quarter 2010 increased 17% from $146.8 billion a year ago driven by growth in both interest-bearing and non-interest bearing deposits primarily in government and institutional banking, corporate trust, global financial institutions, sales and trading and commercial mortgage servicing. The provision for loan losses decreased to $270 million in third quarter 2010 from $1.4 billion a year ago, due to lower net charge-offs and a $250 million reserve release (net charge-offs less provision for credit losses) in third quarter 2010 compared with a $627 million credit reserve build a year ago. Noninterest income was $2.4 billion in third quarter 2010 flat with third quarter of 2009. Third quarter 2010 results included lower capital markets trading and investment banking revenue, mostly offset by higher PCI related resolutions. Noninterest expense of $2.7 billion in third quarter 2010 increased 2% from a year ago due to higher foreclosed asset and personnel expenses.
Wealth, Brokerage and Retirement provides a full range of financial advisory services to clients using a planning approach to meet each client’s needs. Wealth Management provides affluent and high net worth clients with a complete range of wealth management solutions including financial planning, private banking, credit, investment management and trust. Family Wealth meets the unique needs of the ultra high net worth customers. Brokerage serves customers’ advisory, brokerage and financial needs as part of one of the largest full-service brokerage firms in the United States. Retirement is a national leader in providing institutional retirement and trust services (including 401(k) and pension plan record keeping) for businesses, retail retirement solutions for individuals, and reinsurance services for the life insurance industry.
Wealth, Brokerage and Retirement’s net income increased 131% to $256 million in third quarter 2010 from $111 million a year ago. Net income increased to $808 million in the first nine months of 2010, up from $545 million a year ago. Revenue increased to $2.9 billion and $8.7 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2010, respectively, from $2.8 billion and $8.1 billion a year ago. Net interest income increased 18% to $683 million from $580 million a year ago, predominantly due to higher earning assets. The provision for credit losses decreased $156 million to $77 million in third quarter 2010 from $233 million a year ago, largely reflecting a credit reserve build in the third quarter of last year. Noninterest income increased $41 million, or 2%, as higher asset-based fees were partially offset by lower securities gains in the brokerage business. Noninterest expense increased $87 million, or 4%, to $2.4 billion in third quarter 2010 from $2.3 billion a year ago predominantly due to higher broker commissions on increased production.
BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS
During third quarter 2010, our total assets, loans and core deposits each decreased slightly from December 31, 2009, but the strength of our business model continued to produce high rates of internal capital generation as reflected in our improved capital ratios. As a percentage of total risk-weighted assets, Tier 1 capital increased to 10.9%, total capital to 14.9%, Tier 1 leverage to 9.0% and Tier 1 common equity to 8.0% at September 30, 2010, up from 9.3%, 13.3%, 7.9% and 6.5%, respectively, at

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December 31, 2009. On average, core deposits funded 102% of the loan portfolio in third quarter 2010, and we have significant capacity to add higher yielding long-term mortgage-backed securities (MBS) for future revenue and earnings growth.
The following discussion provides additional information about the major components of our balance sheet. Capital is discussed in the “Capital Management” section of this Report.
SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE
                                                 
 
    Sept. 30, 2010     December 31, 2009  
            Net                     Net        
            unrealized     Fair             unrealized     Fair  
(in billions)   Cost     gain     value     Cost     gain     value  
   
Debt securities available for sale
  $ 163.1       8.5       171.6       162.3       4.8       167.1  
Marketable equity securities
    4.4       0.9       5.3       4.8       0.8       5.6  
   
Total securities available for sale
  $ 167.5       9.4       176.9       167.1       5.6       172.7  
   
 
Securities available for sale consist of both debt and marketable equity securities. We hold debt securities available for sale primarily for liquidity, interest rate risk management and long-term yield enhancement. Accordingly, this portfolio consists primarily of very liquid, high-quality federal agency debt and privately issued MBS. The total net unrealized gains on securities available for sale of $9.4 billion at September 30, 2010, were up from $5.6 billion at December 31, 2009, due to a general decline in long-term yields and narrowing of credit spreads.
Comparative detail of average balances of securities available for sale is provided in the table under “Earnings Performance — Net Interest Income” earlier in this Report.
We analyze securities for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) on a quarterly basis, or more often if a potential loss-triggering event occurs. The initial indication of OTTI for both debt and equity securities is a decline in the market value below the amount recorded for an investment, and the severity and duration of the decline. In determining whether an impairment is other than temporary, we consider the length of time and the extent to which the market value has been below cost, recent events specific to the issuer, including investment downgrades by rating agencies and economic conditions within its industry, and whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before a recovery in value.
At September 30, 2010, we had approximately $6 billion of investments in securities, primarily municipal bonds, which are guaranteed against loss by bond insurers. These securities are predominantly investment grade and were generally underwritten in accordance with our own investment standards prior to the determination to purchase, without relying on the bond insurer’s guarantee in making the investment decision. These securities will continue to be monitored as part of our on-going impairment analysis of our securities available for sale, but are expected to perform, even if the rating agencies reduce the credit rating of the bond insurers.
The weighted-average expected maturity of debt securities available for sale was 5.0 years at September 30, 2010. Since 68% of this portfolio is MBS, the expected remaining maturity may differ from contractual maturity because borrowers generally have the right to prepay obligations before the underlying mortgages mature. The estimated effect of a 200 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates on the fair value and the expected remaining maturity of the MBS available for sale are shown in the following table.

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MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES — INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
                         
 
                    Expected  
                    remaining  
    Fair     Net unrealized     maturity  
(in billions)   value     gains (losses)     (in years)  
   
At September 30, 2010
  $ 117.4       6.1       3.5  
At September 30, 2010, assuming a 200 basis point:
                       
Increase in interest rates
    107.8       (3.5 )     4.9  
Decrease in interest rates
    122.6       11.3       2.8  
   
See Note 4 (Securities Available for Sale) to Financial Statements in this Report for securities available for sale by security type.
LOAN PORTFOLIO
                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009  
   
Commercial and commercial real estate
  $ 286,980     $ 307,067  
Consumer
    436,993       446,305  
Foreign
    29,691       29,398  
   
Total loans
  $ 753,664       782,770  
   
   
A discussion of average loan balances and a comparative detail of average loan balances is included in “Earnings Performance — Net Interest Income” earlier in this Report; period-end balances and other loan related information are in Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
DEPOSITS
Deposits totaled $814.5 billion at September 30, 2010, compared with $824.0 billion at December 31, 2009. Comparative detail of average deposit balances is provided in the table under “Earnings Performance — Net Interest Income” earlier in this Report. Total core deposits were $771.8 billion at September 30, 2010, down from $780.7 billion at December 31, 2009.
                         
 
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,      
(in millions)   2010     2009     % Change  
   
Noninterest-bearing
  $ 184,418       181,356       2 %
Interest-bearing checking
    59,944       63,225       (5 )
Market rate and other savings
    415,706       402,448       3  
Savings certificates
    81,448       100,857       (19 )
Foreign deposits (1)
    30,276       32,851       (8 )
   
Core deposits
    771,792       780,737       (1 )
Other time and savings deposits
    19,831       16,142       23  
Other foreign deposits
    22,889       27,139       (16 )
   
Total deposits
  $ 814,512       824,018       (1 )
   
   
(1)   Reflects Eurodollar sweep balances included in core deposits.

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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
In the ordinary course of business, we engage in financial transactions that are not recorded in the balance sheet, or may be recorded in the balance sheet in amounts that are different from the full contract or notional amount of the transaction. These transactions are designed to (1) meet the financial needs of customers, (2) manage our credit, market or liquidity risks, (3) diversify our funding sources, and/or (4) optimize capital.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET TRANSACTIONS WITH UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES
In the normal course of business, we enter into various types of on- and off-balance sheet transactions with special purpose entities (SPEs), which are corporations, trusts or partnerships that are established for a limited purpose. Historically, the majority of SPEs were formed in connection with securitization transactions. For more information on securitizations, including sales proceeds and cash flows from securitizations, see Note 7 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
NEWLY CONSOLIDATED VIE ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Effective January 1, 2010, we adopted new consolidation accounting guidance and, accordingly, consolidated certain VIEs that were not included in our consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2009. On January 1, 2010, we recorded the assets and liabilities of the newly consolidated variable interest entities (VIEs) and derecognized our existing interests in those VIEs. We also recorded a $183 million increase to beginning retained earnings as a cumulative effect adjustment and recorded a $173 million increase to other comprehensive income (OCI).
The following table presents the net incremental assets recorded on our balance sheet by structure type upon adoption of new consolidation accounting guidance.
         
 
    Incremental  
    assets as of  
(in millions)   Jan. 1, 2010  
   
Structure type:
       
Residential mortgage loans — nonconforming (1)
  $ 11,479  
Commercial paper conduit
    5,088  
Other
    2,002  
   
Total
  $ 18,569  
   
   
(1)   Represents certain of our residential mortgage loans that are not guaranteed by GSEs (“nonconforming”).
In accordance with the transition provisions of the new consolidation accounting guidance, we initially recorded newly consolidated VIE assets and liabilities at a basis consistent with our accounting for respective assets at their amortized cost basis, except for those VIEs for which the fair value option was elected. The carrying amount for loans approximate the outstanding unpaid principal balance, adjusted for allowance for loan losses. Short-term borrowings and long-term debt approximate the outstanding par amount due to creditors.
Upon adoption of new consolidation accounting guidance on January 1, 2010, we elected fair value option accounting for certain nonconforming residential mortgage loan securitization VIEs. This election requires us to recognize the VIE’s eligible assets and liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Such eligible assets and liabilities consisted primarily of loans and long-term debt, respectively. The fair value option was elected for those newly consolidated

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VIEs for which our interests, prior to January 1, 2010, were predominantly carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded to earnings. Accordingly, the fair value option was elected to effectively continue fair value accounting through earnings for those interests. Conversely, fair value option was not elected for those newly consolidated VIEs that did not share these characteristics. At January 1, 2010, the fair value of loans and long-term debt for which the fair value option was elected was $1.0 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively. The incremental impact of electing fair value option (compared to not electing) on the cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings was an increase of $15 million.
RISK MANAGEMENT
All financial institutions must manage and control a variety of business risks that can significantly affect their financial performance. Key among these are credit, asset/liability and market risk.
For further discussion about how we manage these risks, see pages 54-71 of our 2009 Form 10-K. The discussion that follows is intended to provide an update on these risks.
CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT
Our credit risk management process is governed centrally, but provides for decentralized credit management and accountability by our lines of business. Our overall credit process includes comprehensive credit policies, judgmental or statistical credit underwriting, frequent and detailed risk measurement and modeling, extensive credit training programs, and a continual loan review and audit process. In addition, regulatory examiners review and perform detailed tests of our credit underwriting, loan administration and allowance processes. For more information on our credit risk management process, please refer to page 54 in our 2009 Form 10-K.
Credit Quality Overview
Credit losses declined in third quarter 2010, which continued to support our belief that quarterly credit loss levels peaked in 2009. The continued improvement in credit performance is a result of a slowly improving economy coupled with actions we have taken over the past several years to improve underwriting standards, mitigate losses and exit portfolios with unattractive credit metrics.
  Quarterly credit losses declined 9% to $4.1 billion in third quarter 2010 from $4.5 billion in second quarter 2010 and declined 20% from third quarter 2009. This improvement in losses was broad based across most of the consumer portfolios, with reduced losses in the home equity, private student lending, Wells Fargo Financial, Pick-a-Pay, wealth management and credit card portfolios.
  Losses in the commercial portfolio continued to improve from the higher levels experienced last year, including a 17% linked-quarter reduction in CRE losses.
  Our PCI loan portfolio continued to perform better than originally expected. In third quarter 2010 $639 million of nonaccretable difference was reclassified to accretable yield and is expected to accrete to future income over the remaining life of the underlying loans. In addition, $202 million of nonaccretable difference was released into income for commercial loans that were paid off or sold.
  Based on declining losses and improved credit quality trends, the provision for credit losses of $3.4 billion was $650 million less than net charge-offs in third quarter 2010. Absent significant deterioration in the economy, we currently expect future reductions in the allowance for loan losses.
Measuring and monitoring our credit risk is an ongoing process that tracks delinquencies, collateral values, economic trends by geographic areas, loan-level risk grading for certain portfolios (typically commercial) and other indications of risk to loss. Our credit risk monitoring process is designed to enable early identification of developing risk to loss and to support our determination of an adequate allowance for loan losses. During the current economic cycle our monitoring and resolution efforts have focused on

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loan portfolios exhibiting the highest levels of risk including mortgage loans supported by real estate (both consumer and commercial), junior lien, commercial, credit card and subprime portfolios. The following sections include additional information regarding each of these loan portfolios and their relevant concentrations and credit quality performance metrics.
The following table identifies our non-strategic and liquidating loan portfolios.
NON-STRATEGIC AND LIQUIDATING LOAN PORTFOLIOS
                 
 
    Outstanding balances  
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in billions)   2010     2009  
   
Commercial and commercial real estate PCI loans (1)
  $ 7.7       11.3  
Pick-a-Pay mortgage (1)
    77.3       85.2  
Liquidating home equity
    7.3       8.4  
Legacy Wells Fargo Financial indirect auto
    7.1       11.3  
Legacy Wells Fargo Financial debt consolidation (2)
    19.7       22.4  
   
Total non-strategic and liquidating loan portfolios
  $ 119.1       138.6  
   
   
(1)   Net of purchase accounting adjustments related to PCI loans.
(2)   In July 2010, we announced the restructuring of our Wells Fargo Financial division and exiting the origination of non-prime portfolio mortgage loans.
Commercial Real Estate (CRE)
The CRE portfolio consists of both CRE mortgages and CRE construction loans. The combined CRE loans outstanding totaled $126.7 billion at September 30, 2010, or 17% of total loans. CRE construction loans totaled $27.9 billion at September 30, 2010, or 4% of total loans. CRE mortgage loans totaled $98.8 billion at September 30, 2010, or 13% of total loans. The portfolio is diversified both geographically and by property type. The largest geographic concentrations are found in California and Florida, which represented 22% and 11% of the total CRE portfolio, respectively. By property type, the largest concentrations are office buildings at 23% and industrial/warehouse at 11% of the portfolio.
The underwriting of CRE loans primarily focuses on cash flows and creditworthiness, and not solely collateral valuations. To identify and manage newly emerging problem CRE loans, we employ a high level of surveillance and regular customer interaction to understand and manage the risks associated with these assets, including regular loan reviews and appraisal updates. As issues are identified, management is engaged and dedicated workout groups are in place to manage problem assets. At September 30, 2010, the recorded investment in PCI CRE loans totaled $6.7 billion, down from $12.3 billion since the Wachovia acquisition at December 31, 2008, reflecting the reduction resulting from loan resolutions and write-downs.
The following table summarizes CRE loans by state and property type with the related nonaccrual totals. At September 30, 2010, the highest concentration of total loans by state was $28.4 billion in California, more than double the next largest state concentration, and the related nonaccrual loans totaled about $1.7 billion, or 6% of CRE loans in California. Office buildings, at $29.6 billion, were the largest property type concentration, more than double the next largest, and the related nonaccrual loans totaled $1.4 billion, or 5% of total CRE loans for office buildings. Of CRE mortgage loans (excluding CRE construction loans), 41% related to owner-occupied properties at September 30, 2010. Nonaccrual loans totaled 7% of the non-PCI outstanding balance at September 30, 2010.

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CRE LOANS BY STATE AND PROPERTY TYPE
                                                         
 
    September 30, 2010  
    Real estate mortgage     Real estate construction     Total     % of  
    Nonaccrual     Outstanding     Nonaccrual     Outstanding     Nonaccrual     Outstanding     total  
(in millions)   loans     balance (1)     loans     balance (1)     loans     balance (1)     loans  
   
By state:
                                                       
PCI loans:
                                                       
Florida
  $       471             720             1,191       * %
California
          625             228             853       *  
North Carolina
          187             416             603       *  
Georgia
          227             323             550       *  
New York
          288             268             556       *  
Other
          1,320             1,594             2,914 (2)     *  
   
Total PCI loans
          3,118             3,549             6,667       1  
   
All other loans:
                                                       
California
    1,174       23,561       508       3,981       1,682       27,542       4  
Florida
    921       9,899       398       2,374       1,319       12,273       2  
Texas
    319       6,578       306       2,573       625       9,151       1  
North Carolina
    321       4,728       302       1,612       623       6,340       *  
Georgia
    325       3,612       162       1,011       487       4,623       *  
Virginia
    66       3,779       163       1,634       229       5,413       *  
Arizona
    234       3,390       221       794       455       4,184       *  
New York
    49       3,471       41       1,139       90       4,610       *  
New Jersey
    111       2,684       47       668       158       3,352       *  
Colorado
    96       2,865       89       730       185       3,595       *  
Other
    1,463       31,070       961       7,846       2,424       38,916 (3)     5  
   
Total all other loans
    5,079       95,637       3,198       24,362       8,277       119,999       16  
   
Total
  $ 5,079       98,755       3,198       27,911       8,277       126,666       17 %
   
By property:
                                                       
PCI loans:
                                                       
Apartments
  $       585             915             1,500       * %
Office buildings
          1,093             352             1,445       *  
1-4 family land
          238             728             966       *  
Retail (excluding shopping center)
          430             103             533       *  
Land (excluding 1-4 family)
          24             443             467       *  
Other
          748             1,008             1,756       *  
   
Total PCI loans
          3,118             3,549             6,667       1  
   
All other loans:
                                                       
Office buildings
    1,138       25,126       269       3,002       1,407       28,128       4  
Industrial/warehouse
    730       13,026       87       1,116       817       14,142       2  
Real estate — other
    657       13,181       103       896       760       14,077       2  
Apartments
    328       7,989       424       4,242       752       12,231       2  
Retail (excluding shopping center)
    617       9,708       137       935       754       10,643       1  
Land (excluding 1-4 family)
    18       491       712       7,227       730       7,718       1  
Shopping center
    338       6,483       264       1,772       602       8,255       1  
Hotel/motel
    509       5,658       84       874       593       6,532       *  
1-4 family land
    162       357       641       2,447       803       2,804       *  
Institutional
    100       2,704       9       253       109       2,957       *  
Other
    482       10,914       468       1,598       950       12,512       2  
   
Total all other loans
    5,079       95,637       3,198       24,362       8,277       119,999       16  
   
Total
  $ 5,079       98,755 (4)     3,198       27,911       8,277       126,666       17 %
   
   
*   Less than 1%
(1)   For PCI loans amounts represent carrying value.
(2)   Includes 35 states; no state had loans in excess of $526 million.
(3)   Includes 40 states; no state had loans in excess of $3.0 billion.
(4)   Includes $40.7 billion of loans to owner-occupants where 51% or more of the property is used in the conduct of their business.
(continued on following page)

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(continued from previous page)
                                                         
 
    December 31, 2009  
    Real estate mortgage     Real estate construction     Total     % of  
    Nonaccrual     Outstanding     Nonaccrual     Outstanding     Nonaccrual     Outstanding     total  
(in millions)   loans     balance (1)     loans     balance (1)     loans     balance (1)     loans  
   
By state:
                                                       
PCI loans:
                                                       
Florida
  $       629             1,115             1,744       * %
California
          995             271             1,266       *  
North Carolina
          150             618             768       *  
Georgia
          226             523             749       *  
Virginia
          219             480             699       *  
Other
          1,918             2,200             4,118 (5)     *  
   
Total PCI loans
          4,137             5,207             9,344       1  
   
All other loans:
                                                       
California
    1,132       22,739       874       5,024       2,006       27,763       4  
Florida
    563       9,899       374       3,227       937       13,126       2  
Texas
    225       6,098       256       3,054       481       9,152       1  
North Carolina
    179       4,983       161       2,079       340       7,062       *  
Georgia
    207       3,809       127       1,507       334       5,316       *  
Virginia
    53       3,080       117       1,974       170       5,054       *  
New York
    53       3,591       49       1,456       102       5,047       *  
Arizona
    158       3,810       200       1,193       358       5,003       *  
New Jersey
    66       2,904       23       768       89       3,672       *  
Colorado
    78       2,252       110       875       188       3,127       *  
Other
    982       30,225       1,022       10,614       2,004       40,839 (6)     5  
   
Total all other loans
    3,696       93,390       3,313       31,771       7,009       125,161       16  
   
Total
  $ 3,696       97,527       3,313       36,978       7,009       134,505       17 %
   
By property:
                                                       
PCI loans:
                                                       
Apartments
  $       810             1,300             2,110       * %
Office buildings
          1,443             399             1,842       *  
1-4 family land
          270             1,076             1,346       *  
1-4 family structure
          96             693             789       *  
Land (excluding 1-4 family)
                      759             759       *  
Other
          1,518             980             2,498       *  
   
Total PCI loans
          4,137             5,207             9,344       1  
   
All other loans:
                                                       
Office buildings
    887       24,688       188       4,005       1,075       28,693       4  
Industrial/warehouse
    508       13,643       36       1,281       544       14,924       2  
Real estate — other
    550       13,563       102       1,105       652       14,668       2  
Apartments
    267       7,102       254       5,138       521       12,240       2  
Retail (excluding shopping center)
    597       10,457       108       1,327       705       11,784       2  
Land (excluding 1-4 family)
    9       262       778       8,943       787       9,205       1  
Shopping center
    204       5,912       210       2,398       414       8,310       1  
Hotel/motel
    208       5,216       123       1,160       331       6,376       *  
1-4 family land
    77       232       764       3,156       841       3,388       *  
1-4 family structure
    60       1,065       689       2,199       749       3,264       *  
Other
    329       11,250       61       1,059       390       12,309       2  
   
Total all other loans
    3,696       93,390       3,313       31,771       7,009       125,161       16  
   
Total
  $ 3,696       97,527 (7)     3,313       36,978       7,009       134,505       17 %
   
   
(5)   Includes 38 states; no state had loans in excess of $605 million.
(6)   Includes 40 states; no state had loans in excess of $3.0 billion.
(7)   Includes $42.1 billion of loans to owner-occupants where 51% or more of the property is used in the conduct of their business.

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Commercial Loans and Lease Financing
For purposes of portfolio risk management, we aggregate commercial loans and lease financing according to market segmentation and standard industry codes. The following table summarizes commercial loans and lease financing by industry with the related nonaccrual totals. While this portfolio has experienced deterioration in the current credit cycle, we believe this portfolio has experienced less credit deterioration than our CRE portfolios as evidenced by its (1) lower percentage of loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing, (2) lower percentage of nonperforming loans to total loans outstanding at September 30, 2010, as well as (3) the lower year-to-date loss rate to the year-to-date average of total loans of 0.14%, 2.65% and 1.18% compared with 0.63%, 6.53% and 1.34%, respectively, for the CRE portfolios. We believe this portfolio is well underwritten and is diverse in its risk with relatively similar concentrations across several industries. A majority of our commercial loans and lease financing portfolio is secured by short-term assets, such as accounts receivable, inventory and securities, as well as long-lived assets, such as equipment and other business assets. Our credit risk management process for this portfolio primarily focuses on a customer’s ability to repay the loan through their cash flow. Generally, collateral securing this portfolio represents a secondary source of repayment.
COMMERCIAL LOANS AND LEASE FINANCING BY INDUSTRY
                                                 
 
    September 30, 2010     December 31, 2009  
                    % of                     % of  
    Nonaccrual     Outstanding     total     Nonaccrual     Outstanding     total  
(in millions)   loans     balance (1)     loans     loans     balance (1)     loans  
   
PCI loans:
                                               
Investors
  $       249       * %   $       140       * %
Media
          180       *             314       *  
Insurance
          99       *             118       *  
Technology
          67       *             72       *  
Leisure
          52       *             110       *  
Healthcare
          44       *             51       *  
Other
          296 (2)     *             1,106 (2)     *  
   
Total PCI loans
          987       *             1,911       *  
   
All other loans:
                                               
Financial institutions
    202       9,739       1       496       11,111       1  
Cyclical retailers
    71       8,738       1       71       8,188       1  
Healthcare
    106       7,665       1       88       8,397       1  
Food and beverage
    97       8,085       1       77       8,316       1  
Oil and gas
    181       7,560       1       202       8,464       1  
Industrial equipment
    137       6,301       *       119       7,524       *  
Business services
    132       5,377       *       99       6,722       *  
Transportation
    50       6,151       *       31       6,469       *  
Utilities
    194       5,011       *       15       5,752       *  
Real estate other
    116       5,735       *       167       6,570       *  
Technology
    43       5,738       *       72       5,489       *  
Investors
    166       5,029       *       196       5,347       *  
Other
    2,746       78,198 (3)     10       2,935       82,302 (3)     11  
   
Total all other loans
    4,241       159,327       21       4,568       170,651       22  
   
Total
  $ 4,241       160,314       21 %   $ 4,568       172,562       22 %
   
   
*   Less than 1%
(1)   For PCI loans amounts represent carrying value.
(2)   No other single category had loans in excess of $44 million at September 30, 2010, or $122 million (residential construction) at December 31, 2009.
(3)   No other single category had loans in excess of $4.4 billion at September 30, 2010, or $5.8 billion (public administration) at December 31, 2009. The next largest categories included public administration, hotel/restaurant, securities firms, media and non-residential construction.
During the recent credit cycle, we have experienced an increase in requests for extensions of commercial, and commercial real estate and construction loans which have repayment guarantees. All extensions are granted based on a re-underwriting of the loan and our assessment of the borrower’s ability to perform under the agreed-upon terms. At the time of extension, borrowers are generally performing in accordance

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with the contractual loan terms. Extension terms generally range from six to thirty-six months and may require that the borrower provide additional economic support in the form of partial repayment, amortization or additional collateral or guarantees. In cases where the value of collateral or financial condition of the borrower is insufficient to repay our loan, we may rely upon the support of an outside repayment guarantee in providing the extensions. In considering the impairment status of the loan, we evaluate the collateral and future cash flows as well as the anticipated support of any repayment guarantor. When performance under a loan is not reasonably assured, including the performance of the guarantor, we charge-off all or a portion of a loan based on the fair value of the collateral securing the loan.
Our ability to seek performance under the guarantee is directly related to the guarantor’s creditworthiness, capacity and willingness to perform. We evaluate a guarantor’s capacity and willingness to perform on an annual basis, or more frequently as warranted. Our evaluation is based on the most current financial information available and is focused on various key financial metrics, including net worth, leverage, and current and future liquidity. We consider the guarantor’s reputation, creditworthiness, and willingness to work with us based on our analysis as well as other lenders’ experience with the guarantor. Our assessment of the guarantor’s credit strength is reflected in our loan risk ratings for such loans. The loan risk rating is an important factor in our allowance methodology for commercial and commercial real estate loans.
Purchased Credit-Impaired (PCI) Loans
As of December 31, 2008, certain of the loans acquired from Wachovia had evidence of credit deterioration since their origination, and it was probable that we would not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. Such loans identified at the time of the acquisition were accounted for using the measurement provisions for PCI loans. PCI loans were recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition, and any related allowance for loan losses was not permitted to be carried over. PCI loans were written down to an amount estimated to be collectible. Accordingly, such loans are not classified as nonaccrual, even though they may be contractually past due, because we expect to fully collect the new carrying values of such loans (that is, the new cost basis arising out of our purchase accounting).
A nonaccretable difference was established in purchase accounting for PCI loans to absorb losses expected at that time on those loans. Amounts absorbed by the nonaccretable difference do not affect the income statement or the allowance for credit losses. Substantially all our commercial, CRE and foreign PCI loans are accounted for as individual loans. Conversely, Pick-a-Pay and other consumer PCI loans have been aggregated into several pools based on common risk characteristics. Each pool is accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows. Resolutions of loans may include sales of loans to third parties, receipt of payments in settlement with the borrower, or foreclosure of the collateral. Our policy is to remove an individual loan from a pool based on comparing the amount received from its resolution with its contractual amount. Any difference between these amounts is absorbed by the nonaccretable difference. This removal method assumes that the amount received from resolution approximates pool performance expectations. The remaining accretable yield balance is unaffected and any material change in remaining effective yield caused by this removal method is addressed by our quarterly cash flow evaluation process for each pool. For loans in pools that are resolved by payment in full, there is no release of the nonaccretable difference since there is no difference between the amount received at resolution and the contractual amount of the loan. Modified PCI loans should not be removed from a pool even if those loans would otherwise be deemed troubled debt restructurings (TDRs). In the first nine months of 2010, we recognized in income $890 million of nonaccretable difference related to commercial PCI loans due to payoffs and dispositions of these loans. We also transferred $3.2 billion from the nonaccretable difference to the accretable yield, of

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which $2.4 billion was due to sustained positive performance in the Pick-a-Pay portfolio evidenced through an increase in expected cash flows. The following table provides an analysis of changes in the nonaccretable difference related to principal that is not expected to be collected.
CHANGES IN NONACCRETABLE DIFFERENCE FOR PCI LOANS
                                 
 
    Commercial ,                    
    CRE and             Other        
(in millions)   foreign     Pick-a-Pay     consumer     Total  
   
Balance, December 31, 2008
  $ 10,410       26,485       4,069       40,964  
Release of nonaccretable difference due to:
                               
Loans resolved by settlement with borrower (1)
    (330 )                 (330 )
Loans resolved by sales to third parties (2)
    (86 )           (85 )     (171 )
Reclassification to accretable yield for loans with improving cash flows (3)
    (138 )     (27 )     (276 )     (441 )
Use of nonaccretable difference due to:
                               
Losses from loan resolutions and write-downs (4)
    (4,853 )     (10,218 )     (2,086 )     (17,157 )
   
Balance, December 31, 2009
    5,003       16,240       1,622       22,865  
Release of nonaccretable difference due to:
                               
Loans resolved by settlement with borrower (1)
    (739 )                 (739 )
Loans resolved by sales to third parties (2)
    (151 )                 (151 )
Reclassification to accretable yield for loans with improving cash flows (3)
    (561 )     (2,356 )     (317 )     (3,234 )
Use of nonaccretable difference due to:
                               
Losses from loan resolutions and write-downs (4)
    (1,478 )     (2,409 )     (325 )     (4,212 )
   
Balance, September 30, 2010
  $ 2,074       11,475       980       14,529  
   
 
                               
   
Balance, June 30, 2010
  $ 2,923       11,992       1,289       16,204  
Release of nonaccretable difference due to:
                               
Loans resolved by settlement with borrower (1)
    (153 )                 (153 )
Loans resolved by sales to third parties (2)
    (49 )                 (49 )
Reclassification to accretable yield for loans with improving cash flows (3)
    (392 )           (247 )     (639 )
Use of nonaccretable difference due to:
                               
Losses from loan resolutions and write-downs (4)
    (255 )     (517 )     (62 )     (834 )
   
Balance, September 30, 2010
  $ 2,074       11,475       980       14,529  
   
   
(1)   Release of the nonaccretable difference for settlement with borrower, on individually accounted PCI loans, increases interest income in the period of settlement. Pick-a-Pay and Other consumer PCI loans do not reflect nonaccretable difference releases due to pool accounting for those loans, which assumes that the amount received approximates the pool performance expectations.
(2)   Release of the nonaccretable difference as a result of sales to third parties increases noninterest income in the period of the sale.
(3)   Reclassification of nonaccretable difference for increased cash flow estimates to the accretable yield will result in increasing income and thus the rate of return realized. Amounts reclassified to accretable yield are expected to be probable of realization over the estimated remaining life of the loan.
(4)   Write-downs to net realizable value of PCI loans are charged to the nonaccretable difference when severe delinquency (normally 180 days) or other indications of severe borrower financial stress exist that indicate there will be a loss of contractually due amounts upon final resolution of the loan.
Since the Wachovia acquisition, we have released $5.1 billion in nonaccretable difference for certain PCI loans and pools of loans, including $3.7 billion transferred from the nonaccretable difference to the accretable yield and $1.4 billion released through loan resolutions. We have provided $1.6 billion in the allowance for credit losses for certain PCI loans or pools of loans, which have had loss-related decreases to expected cash flows. The net result is a $3.5 billion improvement in our initial projected losses on all PCI loans. At September 30, 2010, the allowance for credit losses in excess of nonaccretable difference on certain PCI loans was $379 million. The allowance is necessary to absorb decreases in expected cash flows since acquisition and primarily relates to commercial, CRE and foreign loans, which are accounted for as individual loans. The following table analyzes the actual and projected loss results on PCI loans since the acquisition of Wachovia on December 31, 2008, through September 30, 2010.

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    Commercial ,                    
    CRE and             Other        
(in millions)   foreign     Pick-a-Pay     consumer     Total  
   
Release of unneeded nonaccretable difference due to:
                               
Loans resolved by settlement with borrower (1)
  $ 1,069                   1,069  
Loans resolved by sales to third parties (2)
    237             85       322  
Reclassification to accretable yield for loans with improving cash flows (3)
    699       2,383       593       3,675  
   
Total releases of nonaccretable difference due to better than expected losses
    2,005       2,383       678       5,066  
Provision for worse than originally expected losses (4)
    (1,565 )           (38 )     (1,603 )
   
Actual and projected losses on PCI loans better than originally expected
  $ 440       2,383       640       3,463  
   
(1)   Release of the nonaccretable difference for settlement with borrower, on individually accounted PCI loans, increases interest income in the period of settlement. Pick-a-Pay and Other consumer PCI loans do not reflect nonaccretable difference releases due to pool accounting for those loans, which assumes that the amount received approximates the pool performance expectations.
(2)   Release of the nonaccretable difference as a result of sales to third parties increases noninterest income in the period of the sale.
(3)   Reclassification of nonaccretable difference for increased cash flow estimates to the accretable yield will result in increasing income and thus the rate of return realized. Amounts reclassified to accretable yield are expected to be probable of realization over the estimated remaining life of the loan.
(4)   Provision for additional losses recorded as a charge to income, when it is estimated that the expected cash flows for a PCI loan or pool of loans have decreased subsequent to the acquisition.
For further information on PCI loans, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Loans) to Financial Statements in the 2009 Form 10-K and Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Pick-a-Pay Portfolio
As part of the Wachovia acquisition, we acquired residential first mortgage and home equity loans that are very similar to the Wells Fargo core originated portfolio. We also acquired the Pick-a-Pay portfolio, which describes one of the consumer mortgage portfolios. Under purchase accounting for the Wachovia acquisition, we considered a majority of the Pick-a-Pay loans to be impaired under accounting guidance for PCI loans.
Our Pick-a-Pay portfolio had an unpaid principal balance of $93.0 billion and a carrying value of $77.3 billion at September 30, 2010. The Pick-a-Pay portfolio is a liquidating portfolio, as Wachovia ceased originating new Pick-a-Pay loans in 2008. Equity lines of credit and closed-end second liens associated with Pick-a-Pay loans are reported in the Home Equity core portfolio. The Pick-a-Pay portfolio includes loans that offer payment options (Pick-a-Pay option payment loans), loans that were originated without the option payment feature, loans that no longer offer the option feature as a result of our modification efforts since the acquisition, and loans where the customer voluntarily converted to a fixed-rate product. The following table provides balances over time related to the types of loans included in the portfolio.
                                                 
 
    September 30, 2010     December 31, 2009     December 31, 2008  
(in millions)   Outstandings     % of total     Outstandings     % of total     Outstandings     % of total  
   
Option payment loans
  $ 58,345       63 %   $ 73,060       70 %   $ 101,297       86 %
Non-option payment adjustable-
                                               
rate and fixed-rate loans
    12,778       14       14,178       14       15,978       14  
Full-term loan modifications
    21,865       23       16,420       16              
   
Total unpaid principal balance
  $ 92,988       100 %   $ 103,658       100 %   $ 117,275       100 %
   
Total carrying value
  $ 77,304             $ 85,238             $ 95,315          
   
   

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PCI loans in the Pick-a-Pay portfolio had an unpaid principal balance of $48.3 billion and a carrying value of $33.5 billion at September 30, 2010. The carrying value of the PCI loans is net of purchase accounting write-downs to reflect their fair value at acquisition. Upon acquisition, we recorded a $22.4 billion net write-down in purchase accounting on Pick-a-Pay loans that were impaired.
Due to the sustained positive performance observed on the Pick-a-Pay portfolio compared to the original acquisition estimates, we have reclassified $2.4 billion from the nonaccretable difference to the accretable yield since the Wachovia merger. This improvement in the lifetime credit outlook for this portfolio is primarily attributable to the significant modification efforts and the emerging performance on these modifications as well as the portfolio’s delinquency stabilization. This improvement in the credit outlook is expected to be realized over the remaining life of the portfolio, which is estimated to have a weighted average life of approximately nine years. There have been no significant changes to the credit outlook in third quarter 2010, so there was no additional reclassification from the nonaccretable difference to the accretable yield balance in the quarter. The accretable yield income recognition percentage in third quarter 2010 was 4.61% compared to 4.49% in second quarter 2010. The third quarter increase in the yield was driven by added accretion for the factors that influenced the large second quarter reclassification of nonaccretable difference, partially offset by declining indices for variable rate PCI loans. Quarterly fluctuations in the accretable yield can be driven by changes in interest rate indices for variable rate PCI loans, prepayment assumptions, and expected principal and interest payments over the estimated life of the portfolio. Quarterly changes in the projected timing of cash flow events including REO liquidations, modifications and short sales can also impact the accretable yield percentage and the estimated weighted average life of the portfolio.
Pick-a-Pay option payment loans may be adjustable or fixed rate. They are home mortgages on which the customer has the option each month to select from among four payment options: (1) a minimum payment as described below, (2) an interest-only payment, (3) a fully amortizing 15-year payment, or (4) a fully amortizing 30-year payment.
The minimum monthly payment for substantially all of our Pick-a-Pay loans is reset annually. The new minimum monthly payment amount generally increases by no more than 7.5% of the prior minimum monthly payment. The minimum payment may not be sufficient to pay the monthly interest due and in those situations a loan on which the customer has made a minimum payment is subject to “negative amortization,” where unpaid interest is added to the principal balance of the loan. The amount of interest that has been added to a loan balance is referred to as “deferred interest.” Total deferred interest was $2.9 billion at September 30, 2010, down from $3.7 billion at December 31, 2009, due to loan modification efforts as well as falling interest rates resulting in the minimum payment option covering the interest and some principal on many loans. At September 30, 2010, approximately 70% of customers choosing the minimum payment option did not defer interest. In situations where the minimum payment is greater than the interest-only option, the customer has only three payment options available: (1) a minimum required payment, (2) a fully amortizing 15-year payment, or (3) a fully amortizing 30-year payment.
Deferral of interest on a Pick-a-Pay loan may continue as long as the loan balance remains below a pre-defined principal cap, which is based on the percentage that the current loan balance represents to the original loan balance. Loans with an original loan-to-value (LTV) ratio equal to or below 85% have a cap of 125% of the original loan balance, and these loans represent substantially all the Pick-a-Pay portfolio. Loans with an original LTV ratio above 85% have a cap of 110% of the original loan balance. Most of the Pick-a-Pay loans on which there is a deferred interest balance re-amortize (the monthly payment amount is “recast”) on the earlier of the date when the loan balance reaches its principal cap, or the 10-year anniversary of the loan. For a small population of Pick-a-Pay loans, the recast occurs at the five-year

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anniversary. After a recast, the customers’ new payment terms are reset to the amount necessary to repay the balance over the remainder of the original loan term.
Due to the terms of this Pick-a-Pay portfolio, we believe there is minimal recast risk over the next three years. Based on assumptions of a flat rate environment, if all eligible customers elect the minimum payment option 100% of the time and no balances prepay, we would expect the following balances of option payment loans to recast based on reaching the principal cap: $3 million in the remaining quarter of 2010, $1 million in 2011 and $3 million in 2012. In third quarter 2010, no option payment loans recast based on reaching the principal cap. In addition, we would expect the following balances of option payment loans to start fully amortizing due to reaching their recast anniversary date and also having a payment change at the recast date greater than the annual 7.5% reset: $13 million in the remaining quarter of 2010, $43 million in 2011 and $73 million in 2012. In third quarter 2010, the amount of option payment loans reaching their recast anniversary date and also having a payment change over the annual 7.5% reset was $11 million.
The following table reflects the geographic distribution of the Pick-a-Pay portfolio broken out between PCI loans and all other loans. In stressed housing markets with declining home prices and increasing delinquencies, the LTV ratio is a useful metric in predicting future real estate 1-4 family first mortgage loan performance, including potential charge-offs. Because PCI loans were initially recorded at fair value written down for expected credit losses, the ratio of the carrying value to the current collateral value for acquired loans with credit impairment will be lower as compared with the LTV based on the unpaid principal. For informational purposes, we have included both ratios in the following table.
PICK-A-PAY PORTFOLIO (1)
                                                         
 
    PCI loans     All other loans  
                            Ratio of                    
                            carrying                    
    Unpaid     Current             value to     Unpaid     Current        
    principal     LTV     Carrying     current     principal     LTV     Carrying  
(in millions)   balance     ratio (2)     value (3)     value     balance     ratio (2)     value (3)  
   
September 30, 2010
                                                       
California
  $ 32,475       134 %   $ 22,382       92 %   $ 21,914       88 %   $ 21,542  
Florida
    5,154       143       3,057       84       4,698       106       4,480  
New Jersey
    1,565       99       1,243       78       2,671       81       2,647  
Texas
    393       80       350       71       1,785       65       1,789  
Washington
    577       100       501       86       1,353       82       1,334  
Other states
    8,155       116       5,933       84       12,248       87       12,046  
                                             
Total Pick-a-Pay loans
  $ 48,319             $ 33,466             $ 44,669             $ 43,838  
                                             
   

December 31, 2009

                                                       
California
  $ 37,341       141 %   $ 25,022       94 %   $ 23,795       93 %   $ 23,626  
Florida
    5,751       139       3,199       77       5,046       104       4,942  
New Jersey
    1,646       101       1,269       77       2,914       82       2,912  
Texas
    442       82       399       74       1,967       66       1,973  
Washington
    633       103       543       88       1,439       84       1,435  
Other states
    9,283       116       6,597       82       13,401       87       13,321  
                                             
Total Pick-a-Pay loans
  $ 55,096             $ 37,029             $ 48,562             $ 48,209  
                                             
   
(1)   The individual states shown in this table represent the top five states based on the total net carrying value of the Pick-a-Pay loans at the beginning of 2010. The December 31, 2009 table has been revised to conform to the 2010 presentation of top five states.
(2)   The current LTV ratio is calculated as the unpaid principal balance plus the unpaid principal balance of any equity lines of credit that share common collateral divided by the collateral value. Collateral values are generally determined using automated valuation models (AVM) and are updated quarterly. AVMs are computer-based tools used to estimate market values of homes based on processing large volumes of market data including market comparables and price trends for local market areas.
(3)   Carrying value, which does not reflect the allowance for loan losses, includes purchase accounting adjustments, which, for PCI loans are the nonaccretable difference and the accretable yield, and for all other loans, an adjustment to mark the loans to a market yield at date of merger less any subsequent charge-offs.

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To maximize return and allow flexibility for customers to avoid foreclosure, we have in place several loss mitigation strategies for our Pick-a-Pay loan portfolio. We contact customers who are experiencing difficulty and may in certain cases modify the terms of a loan based on a customer’s documented income and other circumstances.
We also have taken steps to work with customers to refinance or restructure their Pick-a-Pay loans into other loan products. For customers at risk, we offer combinations of term extensions of up to 40 years (from 30 years), interest rate reductions, forbearance of principal, and, in geographies with substantial property value declines, we will even offer permanent principal reductions.
In fourth quarter 2009, we rolled out the U.S. Treasury Department’s Home Affordability Modification Program (HAMP) to the customers in this portfolio. As of September 30, 2010, over 13,000 HAMP applications were being reviewed by our loan servicing department and an additional 8,000 loans have been approved for the HAMP trial modification. We believe a key factor to successful loss mitigation is tailoring the revised loan payment to the customer’s sustainable income. We continually reassess our loss mitigation strategies and may adopt additional or different strategies in the future.
In third quarter 2010, we completed over 9,000 proprietary and HAMP loan modifications and have completed over 73,000 modifications since the Wachovia acquisition. The majority of the loan modifications were concentrated in our PCI Pick-a-Pay loan portfolio. Approximately 4,800 modification offers were proactively sent to customers in third quarter 2010. As part of the modification process, the loans are re-underwritten, income is documented and the negative amortization feature is eliminated. Most of the modifications result in material payment reduction to the customer. Because of the write-down of the PCI loans in purchase accounting, our post merger modifications to PCI Pick-a-Pay loans have not resulted in any modification-related provision for credit losses. To the extent we modify loans not in the PCI Pick-a-Pay portfolio, we establish an impairment reserve in accordance with the applicable accounting requirements for TDRs.
Home Equity Portfolios
The deterioration in specific segments of the legacy Wells Fargo Home Equity portfolios, which began in 2007, required a targeted approach to managing these assets. In fourth quarter 2007, a liquidating portfolio was identified, consisting of home equity loans generated through the wholesale channel not behind a Wells Fargo first mortgage, and home equity loans acquired through correspondents. The liquidating portion of the Home Equity portfolio was $7.3 billion at September 30, 2010, compared with $8.4 billion at December 31, 2009. The loans in this liquidating portfolio represent about 1% of our total loans outstanding at September 30, 2010, and contain some of the highest risk in our $120.7 billion Home Equity portfolio, with a loss rate of 10.59% compared with 3.28% for the core portfolio. The loans in the liquidating portfolio are largely concentrated in geographic markets that have experienced the most abrupt and steepest declines in housing prices. The core portfolio was $113.4 billion at September 30, 2010, of which 98% was originated through the retail channel and approximately 19% of the outstanding balance was in a first lien position. The following table includes the credit attributes of these two portfolios. California loans represent the largest state concentration in each of these portfolios and have experienced among the highest early-term delinquency and loss rates.

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HOME EQUITY PORTFOLIOS (1)
                                                 
 
                    % of loans     Loss rate  
                    two payments     (annualized)  
    Outstanding balances     or more past due     Quarter ended  
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Core portfolio
                                               
California
  $ 28,448       30,264       3.43 %     4.12       4.27       6.12  
Florida
    12,353       12,038       5.38       5.48       5.80       6.98  
New Jersey
    8,821       8,379       3.19       2.50       1.95       1.51  
Virginia
    5,804       5,855       2.23       1.91       1.66       1.13  
Pennsylvania
    5,558       5,051       2.30       2.03       1.24       1.81  
Other
    52,404       53,811       2.80       2.85       2.76       3.04  
                                   
Total (2)
    113,388       115,398       3.22       3.35       3.28       3.90  
                                   
Liquidating portfolio
                                               
California
    2,705       3,205       6.96       8.78       14.77       17.94  
Florida
    347       408       7.95       9.45       13.29       19.53  
Arizona
    158       193       8.73       10.46       21.14       19.29  
Texas
    132       154       2.36       1.94       2.17       2.40  
Minnesota
    96       108       5.44       4.15       10.18       7.53  
Other
    3,824       4,361       4.29       5.06       7.23       7.33  
                                   
Total
    7,262       8,429       5.53       6.74       10.59       12.16  
                                   
Total core and liquidating portfolios
  $ 120,650       123,827       3.36       3.58       3.73       4.48  
                                   
   
(1)   Consists of real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgages and lines of credit secured by real estate, excluding PCI loans.
(2)   Includes equity lines of credit and closed-end second liens associated with the Pick-a-Pay portfolio totaling $1.7 billion at September 30, 2010, and $1.8 billion at December 31, 2009.
Wells Fargo Financial
Wells Fargo Financial’s portfolio consists of real estate loans, substantially all of which are secured debt consolidation loans, and both prime and non-prime auto secured loans, unsecured loans and credit cards. In July 2010, we announced the restructuring of our Wells Fargo Financial division and that we are exiting the origination of non-prime portfolio mortgage loans. The remaining consumer and commercial loan products offered through Wells Fargo Financial will be realigned with those offered by our other business units and will be available through our expanded network of community banking and home mortgage stores.
Wells Fargo Financial had $22.6 billion in real estate secured loans at September 30, 2010, and $25.8 billion at December 31, 2009. Of this portfolio, $1.3 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, was considered prime based on secondary market standards and has been priced to the customer accordingly. The remaining portfolio is non-prime but was originated with standards to reduce credit risk. These loans were originated through our retail channel with documented income, LTV limits based on credit quality and property characteristics, and risk-based pricing. In addition, the loans were originated without teaser rates, interest-only or negative amortization features. Credit losses in the portfolio have increased in the current economic environment compared with historical levels, but performance remained similar to prime portfolios in the industry with overall loss rates of 4.09% (annualized) in the first nine months of 2010 on the entire portfolio. At September 30, 2010, $7.3 billion of the portfolio was originated with customer FICO scores below 620, but these loans have further restrictions on LTV and debt-to-income ratios intended to limit the credit risk. Loss rates in this portfolio were 3.62% (annualized) in the third quarter and 3.73% (annualized) in the first nine months of 2010 for FICO scores of 620 and above, and 4.26% (annualized) and 4.81% (annualized), respectively, for FICO scores below 620.

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Wells Fargo Financial also had $11.9 billion in auto secured loans and leases at September 30, 2010, and $16.5 billion at December 31, 2009, of which $3.2 billion and $4.4 billion, respectively, were originated with customer FICO scores below 620. Loss rates in this portfolio were 2.79% (annualized) in the third quarter and 3.34% (annualized) in the first nine months of 2010 for FICO scores of 620 and above, and 3.94% (annualized) and 4.51% (annualized), respectively, for FICO scores below 620. These loans were priced based on relative risk. Of this portfolio, $7.1 billion represented loans and leases originated through its indirect auto business, a channel Wells Fargo Financial ceased using near the end of 2008.
Wells Fargo Financial had $7.1 billion in unsecured loans and credit card receivables at September 30, 2010, and $8.1 billion at December 31, 2009, of which $783 million and $1.0 billion, respectively, was originated with customer FICO scores below 620. Net loss rates in this portfolio were 9.52% (annualized) in the third quarter and 10.59% (annualized) in the first nine months of 2010 for FICO scores of 620 and above, and 13.26% (annualized) and 13.53% (annualized), respectively, for FICO scores below 620. Wells Fargo Financial has tightened credit policies and managed credit lines to reduce exposure during the recent economic environment.
Credit Cards
Our credit card portfolio, a portion of which is included in the Wells Fargo Financial discussion above, totaled $21.9 billion at September 30, 2010, which represented 3% of our total outstanding loans and was smaller than the credit card portfolios of each of our large bank peers. Delinquencies of 30 days or more were 5.0% of credit card outstandings at September 30, 2010, down from 5.5% at December 31, 2009. Net charge-offs were 9.06% (annualized) for third quarter 2010, down from 10.45% (annualized) in second quarter 2010, reflecting previous risk mitigation efforts that included tightened underwriting and line management changes. Enhanced underwriting criteria and line management initiatives instituted in previous quarters continued to have positive effects on loss performance.
Nonaccrual Loans and Other Nonperforming Assets
The following table shows the comparative data for nonaccrual loans and other nonperforming assets (NPAs). We generally place loans on nonaccrual status when:
  the full and timely collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain;
  they are 90 days (120 days with respect to real estate 1-4 family first and junior lien mortgages and auto loans) past due for interest or principal, unless both well-secured and in the process of collection; or
  part of the principal balance has been charged off and no restructuring has occurred.
Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Loans) to Financial Statements in our 2009 Form 10-K describes our accounting policy for nonaccrual and impaired loans.

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NONACCRUAL LOANS AND OTHER NONPERFORMING ASSETS
                                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   June 30 ,   Mar. 31 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2010     2010     2009  
   
Nonaccrual loans:
                               
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                               
Commercial (includes LHFS of $86, $12, $0 and $19)
  $ 4,103       3,843       4,273       4,397  
Real estate mortgage
    5,079       4,689       4,345       3,696  
Real estate construction (includes LHFS of $3, $7, $7 and $8)
    3,198       3,429       3,327       3,313  
Lease financing
    138       163       185       171  
   
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    12,518       12,124       12,130       11,577  
   
Consumer:
                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage (includes MHFS of $448, $450, $412 and $339)
    12,969       12,865       12,347       10,100  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    2,380       2,391       2,355       2,263  
Other revolving credit and installment
    312       316       334       332  
   
Total consumer
    15,661       15,572       15,036       12,695  
   
Foreign
    126       115       135       146  
   
Total nonaccrual loans (1)(2)
    28,305       27,811       27,301       24,418  
   
As a percentage of total loans
    3.76 %     3.63       3.49       3.12  
Foreclosed assets:
                               
GNMA loans (3)
  $ 1,492       1,344       1,111       960  
Other
    4,635       3,650       2,970       2,199  
Real estate and other nonaccrual investments (4)
    141       131       118       62  
   
Total nonaccrual loans and other nonperforming assets
  $ 34,573       32,936       31,500       27,639  
   
As a percentage of total loans
    4.59 %     4.30       4.03       3.53  
   
   
(1)   Excludes loans acquired from Wachovia that are accounted for as PCI loans because they continue to earn interest income from accretable yield, independent of performance in accordance with their contractual terms.
(2)   See Note 5 to Financial Statements in this Report and Note 6 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in our 2009 Form 10-K for further information on impaired loans.
(3)   Consistent with regulatory reporting requirements, foreclosed real estate securing Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) loans is classified as nonperforming. Both principal and interest for GNMA loans secured by the foreclosed real estate are collectible because the GNMA loans are insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).
(4)   Includes real estate investments (contingent interest loans accounted for as investments) that would be classified as nonaccrual if these assets were recorded as loans, and nonaccrual debt securities.
Total NPAs were $34.6 billion (4.59% of total loans) at September 30, 2010, and included $28.3 billion of nonaccrual loans and $6.3 billion of foreclosed assets, real estate, and other nonaccrual investments. The third quarter 2010 growth rate in nonaccrual loans was nearly the same as in second quarter 2010, and the balance increased from second quarter 2010 by $494 million. Commercial and commercial real estate loans were the primary contributors to the growth. Nonaccruals in many other loan portfolios were essentially flat or down. New inflows to both nonaccrual commercial and consumer loans increased slightly. The amount of disposed nonaccruals increased for combined commercial and consumer loans (up 6% linked quarter), but was below the level of inflows. The following table provides an analysis of the changes in nonaccrual loans.

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NONACCRUAL LOANS INFLOWS AND OUTFLOWS
                                 
 
    Quarter ended  
    Sept. 30 ,   June 30 ,   Mar. 31 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2010     2010     2009  
   
Commercial nonaccruals
                               
Balance, beginning of quarter
  $ 12,124       12,130       11,577       10,264  
Inflows
    2,796       2,560       2,763       3,854  
Outflows
    (2,402 )     (2,566 )     (2,210 )     (2,541 )
   
Balance, end of quarter
    12,518       12,124       12,130       11,577  
   
Consumer nonaccruals
                               
Balance, beginning of quarter
    15,572       15,036       12,695       10,461  
Inflows
    4,866       4,733       6,169       5,626  
Outflows
    (4,777 )     (4,197 )     (3,828 )     (3,392 )
   
Balance, end of quarter
    15,661       15,572       15,036       12,695  
   
Foreign nonaccruals (end of quarter)
    126       115       135       146  
   
Total
  $ 28,305       27,811       27,301       24,418  
   
   
Typically, changes to nonaccrual loans period-over-period represent inflows for loans that reach a specified past due status, offset by reductions for loans that are charged off, sold, transferred to foreclosed properties, or are no longer classified as nonaccrual because they return to accrual status. During 2009, due to purchase accounting, the rate of growth in nonaccrual loans was higher than it would have been without PCI loan accounting because the balance of nonaccrual loans in Wachovia’s loan portfolio was approximately zero at the beginning of 2009, due to purchase accounting write-downs taken at the close of acquisition. The impact of purchase accounting on our credit data will diminish over time. In addition, we have also increased loan modifications and restructurings to assist homeowners and other borrowers in the current difficult economic cycle. The increase in loan modifications and restructurings is expected to result in elevated nonaccrual loan levels in those portfolios which are being actively modified for longer periods because nonaccrual loans that have been modified remain in nonaccrual status generally until a borrower has made six consecutive months of payments, or equivalent, inclusive of consecutive payments made prior to the modification. Loans are re-underwritten at the time of the modification in accordance with underwriting guidelines established for governmental and proprietary loan modification programs. For an accruing loan that has been modified, if the borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous terms and the underwriting process shows the capacity to continue to perform under the restructured terms, the loan will remain in accruing status. Otherwise, the loan will be placed in a nonaccrual status generally until the borrower has made six consecutive months of payments, or equivalent.
Loss expectations for nonaccrual loans are driven by delinquency rates, default probabilities and severities. While nonaccrual loans are not free of loss content, we believe the estimated loss exposure remaining in these balances is significantly mitigated by four factors. First, 99% of consumer nonaccrual loans and 96% of commercial nonaccrual loans are secured. Second, losses have already been recognized on 50% of the remaining balance of consumer nonaccruals and commercial nonaccruals have been written down by $2.9 billion. Residential nonaccrual loans are written down to net realizable value at 180 days past due, except for loans that go into trial modification prior to going 180 days past due, which are not written down in the trial period (3 months) as long as trial payments are being made timely. Third, as of September 30, 2010, 58% of commercial nonaccrual loans were current on interest. Fourth, the inherent risk of loss in all nonaccruals is adequately covered by the allowance for loan losses.
Commercial and CRE nonaccrual loans, net of write-downs, amounted to $12.5 billion at September 30, 2010, compared with $12.1 billion at June 30, 2010. Consumer nonaccrual loans (including nonaccrual TDRs) amounted to $15.7 billion at September 30, 2010, compared with

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$15.6 billion at June 30, 2010. The $89 million increase in nonaccrual consumer loans from June 30, 2010, represented an increase of $104 million in 1-4 family first mortgage loans and a decrease of $11 million in 1-4 family junior liens. Residential mortgage nonaccrual loans increased due to slower disposition as quarterly inflow has remained relatively stable. Federal government programs, such as HAMP, and Wells Fargo proprietary programs, such as the Company’s Pick-a-Pay Mortgage Assistance program, require customers to provide updated documentation and complete trial repayment periods, to evidence sustained performance, before the loan can be removed from nonaccrual status. In addition, for loans in foreclosure, many states, including California and Florida where Wells Fargo has significant exposures, have enacted legislation that significantly increases the time frames to complete the foreclosure process, meaning that loans will remain in nonaccrual status for longer periods. At the conclusion of the foreclosure process, we continue to sell real estate owned in a very timely fashion.
When a consumer real estate loan is 120 days past due, we move it to nonaccrual status and when the loan reaches 180 days past due it is our policy to write these loans down to net realizable value, except for trial modifications. Thereafter, we revalue each loan in nonaccrual status regularly and recognize additional charges if needed. We anticipate manageable additional write-downs while properties work through the foreclosure process. Of the $15.7 billion of consumer nonaccrual loans 98% are secured by real estate and 22% have a combined LTV ratio of 80% or below.
The following table provides a summary of foreclosed assets:
FORECLOSED ASSETS
                                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   June 30 ,   Mar. 31 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2010     2010     2009  
   
GNMA loans
  $ 1,492       1,344       1,111       960  
PCI loans:
                               
Commercial
    1,043       940       697       405  
Consumer
    1,080       674       490       336  
   
Total PCI loans
    2,123       1,614       1,187       741  
   
All other loans:
                               
Commercial
    1,380       1,141       911       751  
Consumer
    1,132       895       872       707  
   
Total all other loans
    2,512       2,036       1,783       1,458  
   
Total foreclosed assets
  $ 6,127       4,994       4,081       3,159  
   
   
NPAs at September 30, 2010, included $1.5 billion of loans that are FHA insured or VA guaranteed, which are expected to have little to no loss content, and $4.6 billion of foreclosed assets, which have been written down to the value of the underlying collateral. Foreclosed assets increased $1.1 billion, or 23%, in third quarter 2010 from the prior quarter. Of this increase, $509 million were foreclosed loans from the PCI portfolio that are now recorded as foreclosed assets. The majority of the inherent loss content in these assets has already been accounted for, and increases to this population of assets should have minimal additional impact to expected loss levels.
Given our real estate-secured loan concentrations and current economic conditions, we anticipate continuing to hold a high level of NPAs on our balance sheet. We believe the loss content in the nonaccrual loans has either already been realized or provided for in the allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2010. We remain focused on proactively identifying problem credits, moving them to nonperforming status and recording the loss content in a timely manner. We’ve increased staffing in our residential workout and collection organizations to ensure troubled borrowers receive the attention and help they need. See the “Risk Management — Allowance for Credit Losses” section in this Report for

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additional information. The performance of any one loan can be affected by external factors, such as economic or market conditions, or factors affecting a particular borrower.
We process foreclosures on a regular basis for the loans we service for others as well as those we hold in our loan portfolio. However, we utilize foreclosure only as a last resort for dealing with borrowers who are experiencing financial hardships. We employ extensive contact and restructuring procedures to attempt to find other solutions for our borrowers, and on average we attempt to contact borrowers over 75 times by phone and nearly 50 times by letter during the period from first delinquency to foreclosure sale.
We employ the same foreclosure procedures for loans we service for others as we use for loans that we hold in our portfolio. We believe we have designed an appropriate process for generating foreclosure affidavits and documentation for both foreclosures and mortgage securitizations. Completed foreclosure affidavits that are submitted to the courts are signed and notarized as one of the last steps in a multi-step process intended to comply with applicable law and ensure the quality of customer and loan data in foreclosure proceedings. Customer and loan data is derived directly from the Company’s official systems of record, and this data and its transmission to external foreclosure counsel are subject to quality controls, and audits are performed to assure the quality, accuracy, and reliability of these automated systems. See the “Overview” section and Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Subsequent Events) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information regarding our foreclosure processes.
Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs)
The following table provides information regarding the recorded investment in loans modified in TDRs.
                                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   June 30 ,   Mar. 31     Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2010     2010     2009  
   
Consumer TDRs:
                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage
  $ 10,951       9,525       7,972       6,685  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    1,566       1,469       1,563       1,566  
Other revolving credit and installment
    674       502       310       17  
   
Total consumer TDRs
    13,191       11,496       9,845       8,268  
   
Commercial and commercial real estate TDRs
    1,350       656       386       265  
   
Total TDRs
  $ 14,541       12,152       10,231       8,533  
   

TDRs on nonaccrual status

  $ 5,177       3,877       2,738       2,289  
TDRs on accrual status
    9,364       8,275       7,493       6,244  
   
Total TDRs
  $ 14,541       12,152       10,231       8,533  
   
   
We establish an impairment reserve when a loan is restructured in a TDR. The impairment reserve for TDRs was $3.6 billion at September 30, 2010, and $1.8 billion at December 31, 2009. Total charge-offs related to loans modified in a TDR were $643 million and $317 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Our nonaccrual policies are generally the same for all loan types when a restructuring is involved. We underwrite loans at the time of restructuring to determine if there is sufficient evidence of sustained repayment capacity based on the borrower’s documented income, debt to income ratios, and other factors. Any loans lacking sufficient evidence of sustained repayment capacity at the time of modification are charged down to the fair value of the collateral. If the borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous terms and the underwriting process shows the capacity to continue to perform under the restructured terms, the loan will remain in accruing status. Otherwise, the loan will be placed in nonaccrual status generally until the borrower demonstrates a sustained period of performance which we generally believe to be six consecutive months of payments, or equivalent. Loans will also be placed on

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nonaccrual, and a corresponding charge-off recorded to the loan balance, if we believe that principal and interest contractually due under the modified agreement will not be collectible.
We do not forgive principal for a majority of our TDRs, but in those situations where principal is forgiven, the entire amount of such principal forgiveness is immediately charged off. When a TDR performs in accordance with its modified terms, the loan either continues to accrue interest (for performing loans), or will return to accrual status after the borrower demonstrates a sustained period of performance.
Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
Loans included in this category are 90 days or more past due as to interest or principal and still accruing, because they are (1) well-secured and in the process of collection or (2) real estate 1-4 family mortgage loans or consumer loans exempt under regulatory rules from being classified as nonaccrual. PCI loans of $13.0 billion at September 30, 2010, and $16.1 billion at December 31, 2009, are excluded from this disclosure even though they are 90 days or more contractually past due. These PCI loans are considered to be accruing because their interest income relates to the accretable yield under the accounting for PCI loans and not to contractual interest payments.
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing were $18.8 billion at September 30, 2010, and $22.2 billion at December 31, 2009. The balances included $14.5 billion and $15.3 billion, respectively, in advances pursuant to our servicing agreements to GNMA mortgage pools and similar loans whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.
LOANS 90 DAYS OR MORE PAST DUE AND STILL ACCRUING (EXCLUDING
INSURED/GUARANTEED GNMA AND SIMILAR LOANS)
                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009  
   
Commercial and commercial real estate:
               
Commercial
  $ 222       590  
Real estate mortgage
    463       1,014  
Real estate construction
    332       909  
   
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    1,017       2,513  
   
Consumer:
               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage (1)
    1,016       1,623  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage (1)
    361       515  
Credit card
    560       795  
Other revolving credit and installment
    1,305       1,333  
   
Total consumer
    3,242       4,266  
   
Foreign
    27       73  
   
Total
  $ 4,286       6,852  
   
   
(1)   Includes mortgage loans held for sale 90 days or more past due and still accruing.
Excluding insured/guaranteed GNMA and similar loans, loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing at September 30, 2010, were down $2.6 billion, or 37%, from December 31, 2009. The decline was due to loss mitigation activities (including modifications, increased collection capacity/process improvements and charge-offs) and lower early stage delinquency levels/credit stabilization.

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Net Charge-offs
NET CHARGE-OFFS
                                                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
    2010     2009     2010     2009  
            As a             As a             As a             As a  
    Net loan     % of     Net loan     % of     Net loan     % of     Net loan     % of  
    charge-     average     charge-     average     charge-     average     charge-     average  
($ in millions)   offs     loans (1)     offs     loans (1)     offs     loans (1)     offs     loans (1)  
   
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                                                               
Commercial
  $ 509       1.38 %   $ 924       2.09 %   $ 1,848       1.65 %   $ 2,184       1.57 %
Real estate mortgage
    218       0.87       184       0.77       849       1.16       322       0.45  
Real estate construction
    276       3.72       274       2.67       908       3.71       638       2.04  
Lease financing
    23       0.71       82       2.26       79       0.78       160       1.43  
                                                     
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    1,026       1.42       1,464       1.78       3,684       1.67       3,304       1.30  
                                                     
Consumer:
                                                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage
    1,034       1.78       966       1.63       3,354       1.89       2,115       1.18  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    1,085       4.30       1,291       4.85       3,718       4.83       3,309       4.09  
Credit card
    504       9.06       648       10.96       1,726       10.24       1,894       10.89  
Other revolving credit and installment
    407       1.83       682       3.00       1,315       1.97       1,982       2.90  
                                                     
Total consumer
    3,030       2.72       3,587       3.13       10,113       2.99       9,300       2.69  
                                                     
Foreign
    39       0.52       60       0.79       117       0.53       151       0.65  
                                                     
Total
  $ 4,095       2.14 %   $ 5,111       2.50 %   $ 13,914       2.40 %   $ 12,755       2.05 %
                                                     
   
(1)   Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans are annualized.
Net charge-offs in third quarter 2010 were $4.1 billion (2.14% of average total loans outstanding, annualized) compared with $4.5 billion (2.33%) in second quarter 2010, and $5.1 billion (2.50%) a year ago. This quarter’s significant reduction in credit losses confirms our belief that credit losses peaked in fourth quarter 2009 and that credit quality appears to have improved earlier and to a greater extent than we had previously expected. Total credit losses included $1.0 billion of commercial and commercial real estate loans (1.42%) and $3.0 billion of consumer loans (2.72%) in third quarter 2010 as shown in the table above.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses, which consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments, is management’s estimate of credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date and excludes loans carried at fair value. The detail of the changes in the allowance for credit losses, including charge-offs and recoveries by loan category, is in Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
We employ a disciplined process and methodology to establish our allowance for loan losses each quarter. This process takes into consideration many factors, including historical and forecasted loss trends, loan-level credit quality ratings and loan grade specific loss factors. The process involves subjective as well as complex judgments. In addition, we review a variety of credit metrics and trends. However, these trends are not determinative of the adequacy of the allowance as we use several analytical tools in determining the adequacy of the allowance.
For individually graded (typically commercial) portfolios, we generally use loan-level credit quality ratings, which are based on borrower information and strength of collateral, combined with historically based grade specific loss factors. The allowance for individually rated nonaccruing commercial loans with an outstanding exposure of $10 million or greater is determined through an individual impairment analysis. Those individually rated nonaccruing commercial loans with exposures below $10 million are evaluated using a loss factor assumption intended to collectively approximate an individual impairment

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analysis result. For statistically evaluated portfolios (typically consumer), we generally leverage models that use credit-related characteristics such as credit rating scores, delinquency migration rates, vintages, and portfolio concentrations to estimate loss content. Additionally, the allowance for TDRs is based on the risk characteristics of the modified loans and the resultant estimated cash flows discounted at the pre-modification effective yield of the loan. While the allowance is determined using product and business segment estimates, it is available to absorb losses in the entire loan portfolio.
At September 30, 2010, the allowance for loan losses totaled $23.9 billion (3.18% of total loans), compared with $24.6 billion (3.21%), at June 30, 2010, and $24.5 billion (3.13%) at December 31, 2009. The allowance for credit losses was $24.4 billion (3.23% of total loans) at September 30, 2010, and $25.1 billion (3.27%) at June 30, 2010, and $25.0 billion (3.20%) at December 31, 2009. The allowance for credit losses included $379 million at September 30, 2010, and $333 million at December 31, 2009, related to PCI loans acquired from Wachovia. Loans acquired from Wachovia are included in total loans net of related purchase accounting net write-downs. The reserve for unfunded credit commitments was $433 million at September 30, 2010, and $515 million at December 31, 2009. In addition to the allowance for credit losses there was $14.5 billion of nonaccretable difference at September 30, 2010, and $22.9 billion at December 31, 2009, to absorb losses for PCI loans. For additional information on PCI loans, see the “Risk Management — Credit Risk Management — Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans” section and Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to total nonaccrual loans was 86% at September 30, 2010, and 103% at December 31, 2009. This ratio may fluctuate significantly from period to period due to such factors as the mix of loan types in the portfolio, borrower credit strength and the value and marketability of collateral. Over half of nonaccrual loans were home mortgages, auto and other consumer loans at September 30, 2010.
Total provision for credit losses was $3.4 billion in third quarter 2010, down from the peak of $6.1 billion in third quarter 2009 and from $4.0 billion in second quarter 2010. The third quarter 2010 provision included a $650 million reserve release (net charge-offs less provision for credit losses), compared with a $1.0 billion reserve build a year ago. Total provision for credit losses was $12.8 billion for the first nine months of 2010, including a $1.2 billion reserve release, compared with $15.8 billion for the first nine months of 2009, which included a $3.0 billion reserve build.
We believe the allowance for credit losses of $24.4 billion was adequate to cover credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio, including unfunded credit commitments, at September 30, 2010. The allowance for credit losses is subject to change and we consider existing factors at the time, including economic and market conditions and ongoing internal and external examination processes. Due to the sensitivity of the allowance for credit losses to changes in the economic environment, it is possible that unanticipated economic deterioration would create incremental credit losses not anticipated as of the balance sheet date. Our process for determining the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses is discussed in the “Financial Review — Critical Accounting Policies — Allowance for Credit Losses” section and Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in our 2009 Form 10-K.

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Liability for Mortgage Loan Repurchase Losses
We sell residential mortgage loans to various parties, including (1) Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae (GSEs) who include the mortgage loans in GSE-guaranteed mortgage securitizations, (2) special purpose entities that issue private label mortgage-backed securities (MBS), and (3) other financial institutions that purchase mortgage loans for investment or private label securitization. In addition, we pool FHA-insured and VA-guaranteed mortgage loans which back securities guaranteed by GNMA. The agreements under which we sell mortgage loans and the insurance or guaranty agreements with FHA and VA contain provisions that include various representations and warranties regarding the origination and characteristics of the mortgage loans. Although the specific representations and warranties vary among different sale, insurance or guarantee agreements, they typically cover ownership of the loan, compliance with loan criteria set forth in the applicable agreement, validity of the lien securing the loan, absence of delinquent taxes or liens against the property securing the loan, compliance with applicable origination laws, and other matters. We may be required to repurchase mortgage loans, indemnify the securitization trust, investor or insurer, or reimburse the securitization trust, investor or insurer for credit losses incurred on loans (collectively “repurchase”) in the event of a breach of such contractual representations or warranties that is not remedied within a period (usually 90 days or less) after we receive notice of the breach. Typically, it is a condition to repurchase of a securitized loan that the breach must have had a material and adverse effect on the value of the mortgage loan or to the interests of the security holders in the mortgage loan. The time periods specified in our mortgage loan sales contracts to respond to repurchase requests vary, but are generally 90 days or less. While many contracts do not include specific remedies if the applicable time period for a response is not met, contracts for mortgage loan sales to the GSEs include various types of specific remedies and penalties that could be applied to inadequate responses to repurchase requests. Similarly, the agreements under which we sell mortgage loans require us to deliver various documents to the securitization trust or investor, and we may be obligated to repurchase any mortgage loan as to which the required documents are not delivered or are defective. Upon receipt of a repurchase request, we work with securitization trusts, investors or insurers to arrive at a mutually agreeable resolution. Repurchase demands are typically reviewed on an individual loan by loan basis to validate the claims made by the securitization trust, investor or insurer and determine if a contractually required repurchase event occurred. Occasionally, in lieu of conducting the loan level evaluation, we may negotiate global settlements in order to resolve a pipeline of demands in lieu of repurchasing the loans. We manage the risk associated with potential repurchases or other forms of settlement through our underwriting and quality assurance practices and by servicing mortgage loans to meet investor and secondary market standards.
We establish mortgage repurchase liabilities related to various representations and warranties that reflect management’s estimate of losses for loans for which we could have repurchase obligation, whether or not we currently service those loans, based on a combination of factors. Such factors incorporate estimated levels of defects based on internal quality assurance sampling, default expectations, historical investor repurchase demand and appeals success rates (where the investor rescinds the demand based on a cure of the defect or acknowledges that the loan satisfies the investor’s applicable representations and warranties), reimbursement by correspondent and other third party originators, and projected loss severity. We establish a liability at the time loans are sold and continually update our liability estimate during their life. Although investors may demand repurchase at any time, the majority of repurchase demands occurs in the first 24 to 36 months following origination of the mortgage loan and can vary by investor. Currently, repurchase demands primarily relate to 2006 through 2008 vintages and to GSE-guaranteed MBS. Most repurchases under our representation and warranty provisions are attributable to borrower misrepresentations and appraisals obtained at origination that investors believe do not fully comply with applicable industry standards. Although, to date, repurchase demands with respect to private label mortgage-backed securities have been more limited than with respect to GSE-guaranteed securities, it is possible that requests to repurchase mortgage loans in private label securitizations may increase in

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frequency as investors explore every possible avenue to recover losses on their securities. In addition, the Federal Housing Finance Agency, as conservator of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, recently used its subpoena power to request loan applications, property appraisals and other documents from large mortgage securitization industry participants, including us, relating to private label MBS in order to determine whether breaches of representations and warranties exist in those securities owned by the GSEs. We believe the risk of repurchase in our private label securitizations is substantially reduced, relative to other private label securitizations, because approximately half of the private label securitizations which include our mortgage loans do not contain representations and warranties regarding borrower or other third party misrepresentations related to the mortgage loan, general compliance with underwriting guidelines, or property valuation, which are commonly asserted bases for repurchase. We evaluate the validity and materiality of any claim of breach of representations and warranties in private label MBS, which is brought to our attention and work with securitization trustees to resolve any repurchase requests. Nevertheless, we may be subject to legal and other expenses if private label securitization trustees or investors choose to commence legal proceedings in the event of disagreements. For additional information on our repurchase liability, including an adverse impact analysis, see Note 7 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
During third quarter 2010, we continued to experience elevated levels of repurchase activity measured by number of loans, investor repurchase demands and our level of repurchases. In the third quarter and first nine months of 2010 we repurchased or reimbursed investors for incurred losses on mortgage loans with balances of $768 million and $1.7 billion, respectively. Additionally, in the third quarter and first nine months of 2010, we negotiated global settlements on pools of mortgage loans of $450 million and $675 million, respectively, which effectively eliminates the risk of repurchase on these loans from our outstanding servicing portfolio. We incurred net losses on repurchased loans, investor reimbursements and loan pool global settlements totaling $414 million and $856 million for the third quarter and first nine months of 2010, respectively.
Adjustments made to our mortgage repurchase liability in recent periods have incorporated the increase in repurchase demands, mortgage insurance rescissions, and higher than anticipated losses on repurchased loans that we have experienced. The table below provides the number of unresolved repurchase demands and mortgage insurance rescissions. We generally do not have unresolved repurchase demands from the FHA and VA for loans in GNMA-guaranteed securities because those demands are few and we quickly resolve them.
                                                 
 
    Sept. 30, 2010     June 30, 2010     Dec. 31, 2009  
            Original             Original             Original  
    Number of     loan     Number of     loan     Number of     loan  
($ in millions)   loans     balance (1)     loans     balance (1)     loans     balance (1)  
   
Government sponsored entities (2)
    9,887     $ 2,212       12,536     $ 2,840       8,354     $ 1,911  
Private
    3,605       882       3,160       707       2,929       886  
Mortgage insurance rescissions (3)
    3,035       748       2,979       760       2,965       859  
                                 
Total
    16,527     $ 3,842       18,675     $ 4,307       14,248     $ 3,656  
   
   
(1)   While original loan balance related to these demands is presented above, the establishment of the repurchase reserve is based on a combination of factors, such as our appeals success rates, reimbursement by correspondent and other third party originators, and projected loss severity, which is driven by the difference between the current loan balance and the estimated collateral value less costs to sell the property.
(2)   Includes repurchase demands for 2,263 loans, 2,141 loans and 1,536 loans with original loan balances totaling $437 million, $417 million and $322 million at September 30 and June 30, 2010, and December 31, 2009, respectively, received from investors on mortgage servicing acquired from other originators. We have the right of recourse against the seller for these repurchase demands and would only incur a loss on these demands for counterparty risk associated with the seller.
(3)   As part of our representations and warranties in our loan sales contracts, we represent that certain loans have mortgage insurance. To the extent the mortgage insurance is rescinded by the mortgage insurer, the lack of insurance may result in a repurchase demand from an investor.
The level of repurchase demands outstanding at September 30, 2010, was down from June 30, 2010, in both number of outstanding loans and in total dollar balances as we continued to work through the

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demands. Customary with industry practice, we have the right of recourse against correspondent lenders with respect to representations and warranties. Of the repurchase demands presented in the table above, approximately 20% relate to loans purchased from correspondent lenders. Due primarily to the financial difficulties of some correspondent lenders, we typically recover on average approximately 50% of losses from these lenders. Historical recovery rates as well as projected lender performance are incorporated in the establishment of our mortgage repurchase liability.
Our liability for repurchases, included in “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in our consolidated financial statements, was $1.3 billion at September 30, 2010, and $1.0 billion at December 31, 2009. In the third quarter and first nine months of 2010, $370 million and $1.2 billion, respectively, of additions to the liability were recorded, which reduced net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales. Our additions to the repurchase liability in third quarter 2010 reflects updated assumptions about the losses we expect on repurchases. In particular, based on the loss severity we continue to experience on repurchased loans from the 2006 through 2008 vintages, we extended our assumptions about the time period over which we will incur elevated levels of loss and the severity of loss.
We believe we have a very high quality residential mortgage servicing portfolio. Of the $1.8 trillion in the portfolio at September 30, 2010, 92% is current, less than 2% was subprime at origination and approximately 1% were home equity securitizations. Our combined delinquency and foreclosure rate on this portfolio is 8.14% at September 30, 2010, compared with 8.15% at June 30, 2010. In this portfolio 8% are private securitizations where we originated the loan and therefore have some repurchase risk; 55% of these loans are from 2005 vintages or earlier (weighted average age of 59 months), 83% are prime, approximately 70% are jumbo loans and the weighted average LTV as of September 30, 2010 was 73%. In addition, the highest risk segment of these private securitizations, subprime loans originated in 2006 and 2007, that have reps and warranties and currently have LTVs close to or exceeding 100% are 6% of the 8% private securitization portion of the residential mortgage servicing portfolio. We had only $69 million of repurchases related to private securitizations in third quarter 2010. Six percent of the servicing portfolio is non-agency acquired servicing and private whole loan sales, the majority of which we did not underwrite and securitize and therefore we have no obligation to the originator for any repurchase demands.
The following table summarizes the changes in our mortgage repurchase liability.
                                         
 
                            Nine months        
    Quarter ended     ended     Year ended  
    Sept. 30 ,   June 30 ,   Mar. 31 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2010     2010     2010     2009  
   
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 1,375       1,263       1,033       1,033       620 (1)
Provision for repurchase losses:
                                       
Loan sales
    29       36       44       109       302  
Change in estimate —primarily due to credit deterioration
    341       346       358       1,045       625  
   
Total additions
    370       382       402       1,154       927  
Losses
    (414 )     (270 )     (172 )     (856 )     (514 )
   
Balance, end of period
  $ 1,331       1,375       1,263       1,331       1,033  
   
   
(1)   Reflects purchase accounting refinements.
The mortgage repurchase liability of $1.3 billion at September 30, 2010, represents our best estimate of the loss that we may incur for various representations and warranties in the contractual provisions of our sales of mortgage loans. There may be a range of reasonably possible losses in excess of the estimated liability that cannot be estimated with confidence. Because the level of mortgage loan repurchase losses are dependent on economic factors, investor demand strategies and other external conditions that may

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change over the life of the underlying loans, the level of the liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses is difficult to estimate and requires considerable management judgment. We maintain regular contact with the GSEs and other significant investors to monitor and address their repurchase demand practices and concerns. To the extent that economic conditions and the housing market do not recover or future investor repurchase demand and appeals success rates differ from past experience, we could continue to have increased demands and increased loss severity on repurchases, causing future additions to the repurchase liability. However, some of the underwriting standards that were permitted by the GSEs for conforming loans in the 2006 through 2008 vintages, and comparable underwriting standards employed by us for nonconforming loans during the same period, which significantly contributed to recent levels of repurchase demands, were tightened starting in mid to late 2008. Accordingly, we do not expect a similar rate of repurchase requests or a similar rate of loss severities from the 2009 and prospective vintages, absent deterioration in economic conditions or changes in investor behavior.
Risks Relating to Servicing Activities
In addition to servicing loans in our portfolio, we act as servicer and/or master servicer of residential mortgage loans included in GSE-guaranteed mortgage securitizations, including GNMA-guaranteed mortgage securitizations and private label mortgage securitizations, as well as for unsecuritized loans owned by institutional investors. The loans we service were originated by us or by other mortgage loan originators. As servicer, our primary duties are typically to (1) collect payment due from borrowers, (2) advance certain delinquent payments of principal and interest, (3) maintain and administer any hazard, title or primary mortgage insurance policies relating to the mortgage loans, (4) maintain any required escrow accounts for payment of taxes and insurance and administer escrow payments, and (5) foreclose on defaulted mortgage loans or, to the extent consistent with the documents governing a securitization, consider alternatives to foreclosure, such as loan modifications or short sales. As master servicer, our primary duties are typically to (1) supervise, monitor and oversee the servicing of the mortgage loans by the servicer, (2) consult with each servicer and use reasonable efforts to cause the servicer to observe its servicing obligations, (3) prepare monthly distribution statements to security holders and, if required by the securitization documents, certain periodic reports required to be filed with the SEC, (4) if required by the securitization documents, calculate distributions and loss allocations on the mortgage-backed securities, (5) prepare tax and information returns of the securitization trust, and (6) advance amounts required by non-affiliated servicers who fail to perform their advancing obligations.
Each agreement under which we act as servicer or master servicer generally specifies a standard of responsibility for actions taken by us in such capacity and provides protection against expenses and liabilities incurred by us when acting in compliance with the specified standard. For example, most private label securitization agreements and under which we act as servicer or master servicer typically provide that the servicer and the master servicer are entitled to indemnification by the securitization trust for taking action or refraining from taking action in good faith or for errors in judgment. However, we are not indemnified, but rather are required to indemnify the securitization trustee, against any failure by us, as servicer or master servicer, to perform our servicing obligations or any of our acts or omissions which involve willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of, or reckless disregard of, our duties. In addition, if we commit a material breach of our obligations as servicer or master servicer, we may be subject to termination if the breach is not cured within a specified period following notice, which can generally be given by the securitization trustee or a specified percentage of security holders. Whole loan sale contracts under which we act as servicer generally include similar provisions with respect to our actions as servicer. The standards governing servicing in GSE-guaranteed securitizations, and the possible remedies for violations of such standards, vary, and those standards and remedies are determined by servicing guides maintained by the GSEs, contracts between the GSEs and individual

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servicers and topical guides published by the GSEs from time to time. Such remedies could include indemnification or repurchase of an affected mortgage loan.
In recent weeks, there have been numerous press reports concerning possible deficiencies in the processes by which mortgage loan servicers, including servicers of securitized loans, conduct foreclosure proceedings. The principal issues cited concern improper preparation or signing of affidavits required to be delivered in the 23 judicial foreclosure states. As a consequence of these reports, the Attorneys General of all 50 states have announced an inquiry into foreclosure practices. In addition, several Attorneys General and various legislators have publicly called on servicers to impose a foreclosure moratorium or suspension while foreclosure issues are addressed and several large servicers have announced temporary suspensions of foreclosure actions. For additional information see Note 10 (Guarantees and Legal Actions) to Financial Statements in this Report.
We believe we have designed an appropriate process for generating foreclosure affidavits and documentation for both foreclosures and mortgage securitizations. In light of industry concerns relating to foreclosure procedures, we implemented additional reviews on pending foreclosures to help assure our borrowers and others that foreclosure proceedings are completed appropriately. Although we have identified instances where final steps relating to the execution of foreclosure affidavits (including a final review of the affidavit, as well as some aspects of the notarization process) were not strictly adhered to, we do not believe that any of these instances related to the quality of the customer and loan data or led to foreclosures which should not have otherwise occurred. Accordingly, we do not plan on instituting a moratorium on foreclosure sales. Nevertheless, out of an abundance of caution and to provide an additional level of assurance regarding our processes, we recently announced that we are submitting supplemental affidavits for approximately 55,000 foreclosures pending before courts in 23 judicial foreclosure states.
If our review causes us to re-execute or redeliver any documents in connection with foreclosures, we will incur costs which may not be legally or practically reimbursable to us to the extent they relate to securitized mortgage loans. Further, if the validity of any foreclosure action is challenged by a borrower, whether successfully or not, we may incur significant litigation costs, which may not be reimbursable to us to the extent they relate to securitized mortgage loans. In addition, if a court were to overturn a foreclosure due to errors or deficiencies in the foreclosure process, we could have liability to a title insurer that insured the title to the property sold in foreclosure. Any such liability may not be reimbursable to us to the extent it relates to a securitized mortgage loan.
Recent press reports have also contained speculation that foreclosures of securitized mortgage loans could be impaired or delayed due to the manner in which the loans are assigned to the securitization trusts. One cited concern is that securitization loan files may be lacking mortgage notes, assignments or other critical documents required to be produced on behalf of the trust. Although we believe that we delivered all documents in accordance with the requirements of each securitization involving our mortgage loans, if any required document with respect to a securitized mortgage loan sold by us is missing or defective, as discussed above we would be obligated to cure the defect or to repurchase the loan.
In addition to speculation about defective mortgage documents, some commentators have suggested that the common industry practice of recording a mortgage in the name of Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems, Inc. (MERS) creates issues regarding whether a securitization trust has good title to the mortgage loan. MERS is a company that acts as mortgagee of record and as agent for the owner of the related mortgage note. When mortgage notes are assigned, such as between an originator and a securitization trust, the change of ownership is recorded electronically on a register maintained by MERS, which then acts as agent for the new owner. The purpose of MERS is to save borrowers and

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lenders from having to record assignments of mortgages in county land offices each time ownership of the mortgage note is assigned. Although MERS has been in existence and used for many years, it is now suggested by some commentators that having a mortgagee of record that is different than the owner of the mortgage note “breaks the chain of title” and clouds the ownership of the loan. We do not believe that to be the case, and believe that the operative legal principle is that the ownership of a mortgage follows the ownership of the mortgage note, and that a securitization trust should have good title to a mortgage loan if the note is endorsed and delivered to it, regardless of whether MERS is the mortgagee of record or whether an assignment of mortgage is recorded to the trust. However, in order to foreclose on the mortgage loan, it may be necessary for an assignment of the mortgage to be completed by MERS to the trust, in order to comply with state law requirements governing foreclosure. A delay by a servicer in processing any related assignment of mortgage to the trust could delay foreclosure, with adverse effects to security holders and potential for servicer liability. Our practice is to obtain assignments of mortgages from MERS prior to instituting foreclosure.
ASSET/LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
Asset/liability management involves the evaluation, monitoring and management of interest rate risk, market risk, liquidity and funding. The Corporate Asset/Liability Management Committee (Corporate ALCO) — which oversees these risks and reports periodically to the Finance Committee of the Board of Directors (Board) — consists of senior financial and business executives. Each of our principal business groups has its own asset/liability management committee and process linked to the Corporate ALCO process.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk, which potentially can have a significant earnings impact, is an integral part of being a financial intermediary. We assess interest rate risk by comparing our most likely earnings plan with various earnings simulations using many interest rate scenarios that differ in the direction of interest rate changes, the degree of change over time, the speed of change and the projected shape of the yield curve. For example, as of September 30, 2010, our most recent simulation indicated estimated earnings at risk of approximately 2.5% of our most likely earnings plan over the next 12 months using a scenario in which the federal funds rate rises to 3.75% and the 10-year Constant Maturity Treasury bond yield rises to 5.00%. Simulation estimates depend on, and will change with, the size and mix of our actual and projected balance sheet at the time of each simulation. Due to timing differences between the quarterly valuation of MSRs and the eventual impact of interest rates on mortgage banking volumes, earnings at risk in any particular quarter could be higher than the average earnings at risk over the 12-month simulation period, depending on the path of interest rates and on our hedging strategies for MSRs. See the “Risk Management — Mortgage Banking Interest Rate and Market Risk” section in this Report for more information.
We use exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) interest rate derivatives to hedge our interest rate exposures. The notional or contractual amount, credit risk amount and estimated net fair value of these derivatives as of September 30, 2010, and December 31, 2009, are presented in Note 11 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in this Report.
For additional information regarding interest rate risk, see pages 66-67 of our 2009 Form 10-K.

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Mortgage Banking Interest Rate and Market Risk
We originate, fund and service mortgage loans, which subjects us to various risks, including credit, liquidity and interest rate risks. For a discussion of mortgage banking interest rate and market risk, see pages 67-69 of our 2009 Form 10-K.
In third quarter 2010, a $1.1 billion decrease in the fair value of our MSRs and $1.2 billion gain on free-standing derivatives used to hedge the MSRs resulted in a net gain of $56 million. The net gain on the MSRs of $56 million in third quarter 2010 was down from $626 million in second quarter 2010 and $1.5 billion a year ago, due to a change in the composition of the hedge and a hedge position that considered natural business offsets.
While our hedging activities are designed to balance our mortgage banking interest rate risks, the financial instruments we use may not perfectly correlate with the values and income being hedged. For example, the change in the value of adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) production held for sale from changes in mortgage interest rates may or may not be fully offset by Treasury and LIBOR index-based financial instruments used as economic hedges for such ARMs. Additionally, the hedge-carry income we earn on our economic hedges for the MSRs may not continue if the spread between short-term and long-term rates decreases, we shift the composition of the hedge to more interest rate swaps, or there are other changes in the market for mortgage forwards that impact the implied carry.
For additional information regarding other risk factors related to the mortgage business, see pages 67-69 of our 2009 Form 10-K.
The total carrying value of our residential and commercial MSRs was $13.5 billion at September 30, 2010, and $17.1 billion at December 31, 2009. The weighted-average note rate on our portfolio of loans serviced for others was 5.46% at September 30, 2010, and 5.66% at December 31, 2009. Our total MSRs were 0.72% of mortgage loans serviced for others at September 30, 2010, compared with 0.91% at December 31, 2009.
Market Risk — Trading Activities
From a market risk perspective, our net income is exposed to changes in interest rates, credit spreads, foreign exchange rates, equity and commodity prices and their implied volatilities. The credit risk amount and estimated net fair value of all customer accommodation derivatives are included in Note 11 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in this Report. Open, “at risk” positions for all trading businesses are monitored by Corporate ALCO.
The standardized approach for monitoring and reporting market risk for the trading activities consists of value-at-risk (VaR) metrics complemented with factor analysis and stress testing. VaR measures the worst expected loss over a given time interval and within a given confidence interval. We measure and report daily VaR at a 99% confidence interval based on actual changes in rates and prices over the past 250 trading days. The analysis captures all financial instruments that are considered trading positions. The average one-day VaR throughout third quarter 2010 was $31 million, with a lower bound of $23 million and an upper bound of $43 million. For additional information regarding market risk related to trading activities, see page 69 of our 2009 Form 10-K.
Market Risk — Equity Markets
We are directly and indirectly affected by changes in the equity markets. For additional information regarding market risk related to equity markets, see page 69 of our 2009 Form 10-K.

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The following table provides information regarding our marketable and nonmarketable equity investments.
                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009  
   
Nonmarketable equity investments:
               
Private equity investments:
               
Cost method
  $ 2,995       3,808  
Equity method
    7,234       5,138  
Federal bank stock
    5,511       5,985  
Principal investments
    345       1,423  
   
Total nonmarketable equity investments (1)
  $ 16,085       16,354  
   

Marketable equity securities:

               
Cost
  $ 4,381       4,749  
Net unrealized gains
    895       843  
   
Total marketable equity securities (2)
  $ 5,276       5,592  
   
   
(1)   Included in other assets on the balance sheet. See Note 6 (Other Assets) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information.
(2)   Included in securities available for sale. See Note 4 (Securities Available for Sale) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information.
Liquidity and Funding
The objective of effective liquidity management is to ensure that we can meet customer loan requests, customer deposit maturities/withdrawals and other cash commitments efficiently under both normal operating conditions and under unpredictable circumstances of industry or market stress. To achieve this objective, Corporate ALCO establishes and monitors liquidity guidelines that require sufficient asset-based liquidity to cover potential funding requirements and to avoid over-dependence on volatile, less reliable funding markets. We set these guidelines for both the consolidated balance sheet and for the Parent to ensure that the Parent is a source of strength for its regulated, deposit-taking banking subsidiaries.
Debt securities in the securities available-for-sale portfolio provide asset liquidity, in addition to the immediately liquid resources of cash and due from banks and federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments. Asset liquidity is further enhanced by our ability to sell or securitize loans in secondary markets and to pledge loans to access secured borrowing facilities through the Federal Home Loan Banks or the Federal Reserve Bank.
Core customer deposits have historically provided a sizeable source of relatively stable and low-cost funds. At September 30, 2010, core deposits funded 102% of the Company’s loan portfolio. Additional funding is provided by long-term debt (including trust preferred securities), other foreign deposits and short-term borrowings.

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The following table shows selected information for short-term borrowings, which generally mature in less than 30 days.
                                 
 
    Quarter ended     Year ended  
    Sept. 30 ,   June 30 ,   Mar. 31 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2010     2010     2009  
   
Balance, period end
                               
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings
  $ 16,856       16,604       17,646       12,950  
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    33,859       28,583       28,687       26,016  
   
Total
  $ 50,715       45,187       46,333       38,966  
   
Average daily balance for period
                               
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings
  $ 15,761       16,316       16,885       27,793  
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    30,707       28,766       28,196       24,179  
   
Total
  $ 46,468       45,082       45,081       51,972  
   
Maximum month-end balance for period
                               
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings (1)
  $ 16,856       17,388       17,646       62,871  
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase (2)
    33,859       28,807       29,270       30,608  
   
(1)   The maximum month-end balance was in September 2010, April 2010, March 2010 and February 2009.
(2)   The maximum month-end balance was in September 2010, May 2010, February 2010 and February 2009.
Liquidity is also available through our ability to raise funds in a variety of domestic and international money and capital markets. We access capital markets for long-term funding through issuances of registered debt securities, private placements and asset-backed secured funding. Investors in the long-term capital markets generally will consider, among other factors, a company’s credit rating in making investment decisions. Rating agencies base their ratings on many quantitative and qualitative factors, including capital adequacy, liquidity, asset quality, business mix, the level and quality of earnings, and rating agency assumptions regarding the probability and extent of Federal financial assistance or support for certain large financial institutions. Adverse changes in these factors could result in a reduction of our credit ratings; however, a reduction in our credit ratings would not cause us to violate any of our debt covenants. See the “Risk Factors” section of our First Quarter Form 10-Q and Second Quarter Form 10-Q for additional information regarding recent legislative developments and our credit ratings.
We continue to evaluate the potential impact on liquidity management of regulatory proposals, including Basel III and regulations required under the Dodd-Frank Act, as they move closer to the final rule-making process.
Parent. Under SEC rules, the Parent is classified as a “well-known seasoned issuer,” which allows it to file a registration statement that does not have a limit on issuance capacity. “Well-known seasoned issuers” generally include those companies with a public float of common equity of at least $700 million or those companies that have issued at least $1 billion in aggregate principal amount of non-convertible securities, other than common equity, in the last three years. In June 2009, the Parent filed a registration statement with the SEC for the issuance of senior and subordinated notes, preferred stock and other securities. The Parent’s ability to issue debt and other securities under this registration statement is limited by the debt issuance authority granted by the Board. The Parent is currently authorized by the Board to issue $60 billion in outstanding short-term debt and $170 billion in outstanding long-term debt. At September 30, 2010, the Parent had outstanding short-term debt of $10.4 billion and long-term debt of $102.5 billion under these authorities. During the first nine months of 2010, the Parent issued a total of $1.3 billion in non-guaranteed registered senior notes.

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The following table provides information regarding the Parent’s medium-term note (MTN) programs. The Parent may issue senior and subordinated debt securities under Series I & J, and the European and Australian programmes. Under Series K, the Parent may issue senior debt securities linked to one or more indices.
                         
 
            September 30, 2010  
            Debt        
    Date     issuance     Available for  
(in billions)   established     authority     issuance  
   
MTN program:
                       
Series I & J (1)
    August 2009     $ 25.0       21.8  
Series K (1)
    April 2010       25.0       24.9  
European (2)
    December 2009       25.0       25.0  
Australian (2)(3)
    June 2005       10.0       6.8  
   
(1)   SEC registered.
(2)   Not registered with the SEC. May not be offered in the United States without applicable exemptions from registration. The Australian MTN amounts are presented in Australian dollars.
(3)   As amended in October 2005 and March 2010.
The proceeds from securities issued in the first nine months of 2010 were used for general corporate purposes, and we expect the proceeds from securities issued in the future will also be used for general corporate purposes. The Parent also issues commercial paper from time to time, subject to its short-term debt limit.
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. is authorized by its board of directors to issue $100 billion in outstanding short-term debt and $125 billion in outstanding long-term debt. In December 2007, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. established a $100 billion bank note program under which, subject to any other debt outstanding under the limits described above, it may issue $50 billion in outstanding short-term senior notes and $50 billion in long-term senior or subordinated notes. At September 30, 2010, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. had remaining issuance capacity on the bank note program of $50 billion in short-term senior notes and $50 billion in long-term senior or subordinated notes. Securities are issued under this program as private placements in accordance with Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) regulations.
Wells Fargo Financial. In January 2010, Wells Fargo Financial Canada Corporation (WFFCC), an indirect wholly owned Canadian subsidiary of the Parent, qualified with the Canadian provincial securities commissions CAD$7.0 billion in medium-term notes for distribution from time to time in Canada. At September 30, 2010, CAD$7.0 billion remained available for future issuance. All medium-term notes issued by WFFCC are unconditionally guaranteed by the Parent.
Federal Home Loan Bank Membership
We are a member of the Federal Home Loan Banks based in Dallas, Des Moines and San Francisco (collectively, the FHLBs). Each member of each of the FHLBs is required to maintain a minimum investment in capital stock of the applicable FHLB. The board of directors of each FHLB can increase the minimum investment requirements in the event it has concluded that additional capital is required to allow it to meet its own regulatory capital requirements. Any increase in the minimum investment requirements outside of specified ranges requires the approval of the Federal Housing Finance Board. Because the extent of any obligation to increase our investment in any of the FHLBs depends entirely upon the occurrence of a future event, potential future payments to the FHLBs are not determinable.

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CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
We have an active program for managing stockholders’ equity and regulatory capital and we maintain a comprehensive process for assessing the Company’s overall capital adequacy. We generate capital internally primarily through the retention of earnings net of dividends. Our objective is to maintain capital levels at the Company and its bank subsidiaries above the regulatory “well-capitalized” thresholds by an amount commensurate with our risk profile. Our potential sources of stockholders’ equity include retained earnings and issuances of common and preferred stock. Retained earnings increased $7.4 billion from December 31, 2009, predominantly from Wells Fargo net income of $8.9 billion, less common and preferred dividends of $1.3 billion. During the first nine months of 2010, we issued approximately 68 million shares of common stock, with net proceeds of $1.1 billion, including 23 million shares during the period under various employee benefit (including our employee stock option plan) and director plans, as well as under our dividend reinvestment and direct stock purchase programs.
From time to time the Board authorizes the Company to repurchase shares of our common stock. Although we announce when the Board authorizes share repurchases, we typically do not give any public notice before we repurchase our shares. Various factors determine the amount and timing of our share repurchases, including our capital requirements, the number of shares we expect to issue for acquisitions and employee benefit plans, market conditions (including the trading price of our stock), and regulatory and legal considerations. The FRB published clarifying supervisory guidance in first quarter 2009, SR 09-4 Applying Supervisory Guidance and Regulations on the Payment of Dividends, Stock Redemptions, and Stock Repurchases at Bank Holding Companies, pertaining to the FRB’s criteria, assessment and approval process for reductions in capital. As with all 19 participants in the FRB’s Supervisory Capital Assessment Program, under this supervisory letter, before repurchasing our common shares, we must consult with the FRB staff and demonstrate that the proposed actions are consistent with the existing supervisory guidance, including demonstrating that our internal capital assessment process is consistent with the complexity of our activities and risk profile. In 2008, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 25 million additional shares of our outstanding common stock. During the first nine months of 2010, we repurchased 2 million shares of our common stock, all from our employee benefit plans. At September 30, 2010, the total remaining common stock repurchase authority was approximately 4 million shares.
Historically, our policy has been to repurchase shares under the “safe harbor” conditions of Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 including a limitation on the daily volume of repurchases. Rule 10b-18 imposes an additional daily volume limitation on share repurchases during a pending merger or acquisition in which shares of our stock will constitute some or all of the consideration. Our management may determine that during a pending stock merger or acquisition when the safe harbor would otherwise be available, it is in our best interest to repurchase shares in excess of this additional daily volume limitation. In such cases, we intend to repurchase shares in compliance with the other conditions of the safe harbor, including the standing daily volume limitation that applies whether or not there is a pending stock merger or acquisition.
In connection with our participation in the Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program, we issued to the U.S. Treasury Department warrants to purchase 110,261,688 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $34.01 per share. On May 26, 2010, in an auction by the U.S. Treasury, we purchased 70,165,963 of the warrants at a price of $7.70 per warrant. The Board has authorized the repurchase of up to $1 billion of the warrants, including the warrants purchased in the auction. As of September 30, 2010, $456 million of that authority remained. Depending on market conditions, we may repurchase from time to time additional warrants and/or our outstanding debt securities in privately negotiated or open market transactions, by tender offer or otherwise.

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The Company and each of our subsidiary banks are subject to various regulatory capital adequacy requirements administered by the FRB and the OCC. Risk-based capital (RBC) guidelines establish a risk-adjusted ratio relating capital to different categories of assets and off-balance sheet exposures. At September 30, 2010, the Company and each of our subsidiary banks were “well capitalized” under applicable regulatory capital adequacy guidelines. See Note 18 (Regulatory and Agency Capital Requirements) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information.
Current regulatory RBC rules are based primarily on broad credit-risk considerations and limited market-related risks, but do not take into account other types of risk a financial company may be exposed to. Our capital adequacy assessment process contemplates a wide range of risks that the Company is exposed to and also takes into consideration our performance under a variety of economic conditions, as well as regulatory expectations and guidance, rating agency viewpoints and the view of capital market participants. While Basel III requirements are not final, we continue to evaluate the potential impact and expect to be above a 7% Tier 1 common equity ratio within the next few quarters calculated pursuant to our interpretation of the currently proposed Basel III capital requirements.
At September 30, 2010, stockholders’ equity and Tier 1 common equity levels were higher than the quarter ending prior to the Wachovia acquisition. During 2009, as regulators and the market focused on the composition of regulatory capital, the Tier 1 common equity ratio gained significant prominence as a metric of capital strength. There is no mandated minimum or “well capitalized” standard for Tier 1 common equity; instead the RBC rules state voting common stockholders’ equity should be the dominant element within Tier 1 common equity. Tier 1 common equity was $77.6 billion at September 30, 2010, or 8.01% of risk-weighted assets, an increase of $12.1 billion from December 31, 2009.
The following table provides the details of the Tier 1 common equity calculation.
TIER 1 COMMON EQUITY (1)
                     
 
        Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in billions)       2010     2009  
   
Total equity
      $ 125.2       114.4  
Noncontrolling interests
        (1.5 )     (2.6 )
   
Total Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity
        123.7       111.8  
   
Adjustments:
                   
Preferred equity
        (8.1 )     (8.1 )
Goodwill and intangible assets (other than MSRs)
        (36.1 )     (37.7 )
Applicable deferred taxes
        4.7       5.3  
Deferred tax asset limitation
              (1.0 )
MSRs over specified limitations
        (0.9 )     (1.6 )
Cumulative other comprehensive income
        (5.4 )     (3.0 )
Other
        (0.3 )     (0.2 )
   
Tier 1 common equity
  (A)   $ 77.6       65.5  
   
Total risk-weighted assets (2)
  (B)   $ 968.4       1,013.6  
   
Tier 1 common equity to total risk-weighted assets
  (A)/(B)     8.01 %     6.46  
   
   
(1)   Tier 1 common equity is a non-generally accepted accounting principle (GAAP) financial measure that is used by investors, analysts and bank regulatory agencies, to assess the capital position of financial services companies. Tier 1 common equity includes total Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity, less preferred equity, goodwill and intangible assets (excluding MSRs), net of related deferred taxes, adjusted for specified Tier 1 regulatory capital limitations covering deferred taxes, MSRs, and cumulative other comprehensive income. Management reviews Tier 1 common equity along with other measures of capital as part of its financial analyses and has included this non-GAAP financial information, and the corresponding reconciliation to total equity, because of current interest in such information on the part of market participants.
(2)   Under the regulatory guidelines for risk-based capital, on-balance sheet assets and credit equivalent amounts of derivatives and off-balance sheet items are assigned to one of several broad risk categories according to the obligor or, if relevant, the guarantor or the nature of any collateral. The aggregate dollar amount in each risk category is then multiplied by the risk weight associated with that category. The resulting weighted values from each of the risk categories are aggregated for determining total risk-weighted assets.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our significant accounting policies (see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in this Report) are fundamental to understanding our results of operations and financial condition, because they require that we use estimates and assumptions that may affect the value of our assets or liabilities and financial results. Six of these policies are critical because they require management to make difficult, subjective and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and because it is likely that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. These policies govern:
  the allowance for credit losses;
  purchased credit-impaired (PCI) loans;
  the valuation of residential mortgage servicing rights (MSRs);
  the fair valuation of financial instruments;
  pension accounting; and
  income taxes.
Management has reviewed and approved these critical accounting policies and has discussed these policies with the Audit and Examination Committee of the Company’s Board. These policies are described in the “Financial Review — Critical Accounting Policies” section and Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 2009 Form 10-K.
FAIR VALUATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain financial instruments and to determine fair value disclosures. See our 2009 Form 10-K for the complete critical accounting policy related to fair valuation of financial instruments.
For the securities available-for-sale portfolio, we typically use independent pricing services and brokers to obtain fair value based upon quoted prices. We determine the most appropriate and relevant pricing service for each security class and generally obtain one quoted price for each security. For securities in our trading portfolio, we typically use prices developed internally by our traders to measure the security at fair value. Internal traders base their prices upon their knowledge of current market information for the particular security class being valued. Current market information includes recent transaction prices for the same or similar securities, liquidity conditions, relevant benchmark indices and other market data. For both trading and available-for-sale securities, we validate prices using a variety of methods, including but not limited to, comparison to pricing services, corroboration of pricing by reference to other independent market data such as secondary broker quotes and relevant benchmark indices and, for securities valued using external pricing services or brokers, review of pricing by Company personnel familiar with market liquidity and other market-related conditions. We believe the determination of fair value for our securities is consistent with the accounting guidance on fair value measurements.
The following table presents the summary of the fair value of financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, and the amounts measured using significant Level 3 inputs (before derivative netting adjustments). The fair value of the remaining assets and liabilities were measured using valuation methodologies involving market-based or market-derived information, collectively Level 1 and 2 measurements.

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    September 30, 2010     December 31, 2009  
    Total             Total        
($ in billions)   balance     Level 3 (1)     balance     Level 3 (1)  
   
Assets carried at fair value
  $ 288.6       48.6       277.4       52.0  
As a percentage of total assets
    24 %     4       22       4  

Liabilities carried at fair value

  $ 18.9       7.7       22.8       7.9  
As a percentage of total liabilities
    2 %     1       2       1  
   
(1)   Before derivative netting adjustments.
See Note 12 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) to Financial Statements in this Report for a complete discussion on our use of fair valuation of financial instruments, our related measurement techniques and its impact to our financial statements.
CURRENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS
The following accounting pronouncement has been issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, but is not yet effective:
  Accounting Standards Update (ASU or Update) 2010-20, Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses.
ASU 2010-20 requires enhanced disclosures for the allowance for credit losses and financing receivables, which include certain loans and long-term accounts receivable. Companies will be required to disaggregate credit quality information, including receivables on nonaccrual status and aging of past due receivables by class of financing receivable, and roll forward the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment. Portfolio segment is the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method to determine its allowance for credit losses. Class of financing receivable is generally a disaggregation of portfolio segment. This guidance is effective for us in fourth quarter 2010 with prospective application. Additionally, companies must also provide more granular information on the nature and extent of TDRs and their effect on the allowance for credit losses effective in first quarter 2011. Our adoption of the Update will not affect our consolidated financial statement results since it amends only the disclosure requirements for financing receivables and the allowance for credit losses.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “seeks,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “projects,” “outlook,” “forecast,” “will,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “can” and similar references to future periods. Examples of forward-looking statements in this Report include, but are not limited to, statements we make about: (i) future results of the Company; (ii) future credit quality and expectations regarding future loan losses in our loan portfolios and life-of-loan estimates; the level and loss content of NPAs and nonaccrual loans; the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, including our current expectation of future reductions in the allowance for loan losses; and the reduction or mitigation of risk in our loan portfolios and the effects of loan modification programs; (iii) future capital levels and our expectation that we will be above a 7% Tier 1 common equity ratio under proposed Basel capital regulations within the next few quarters; (iv) our mortgage repurchase exposure and exposure relating to our foreclosure practices; (v) the merger integration of the Company and Wachovia, including expense savings, merger costs and revenue synergies; (vi) the expected outcome and impact of legal, regulatory and legislative developments; and (vii) the Company’s plans, objectives and strategies.

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Forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and assumptions regarding our business, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Our actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. We caution you, therefore, against relying on any of these forward-looking statements. They are neither statements of historical fact nor guarantees or assurances of future performance. While there is no assurance that any list of risks and uncertainties or risk factors is complete, important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include the following, without limitation:
  current and future economic and market conditions, including the effects of further declines in housing prices and high unemployment rates;
  our capital requirements and the ability to raise capital on favorable terms, including regulatory capital standards as determined by applicable regulatory authorities;
  financial services reform and other current, pending or future legislation or regulation that could have a negative effect on our revenue and businesses, including the Dodd-Frank Act and legislation and regulation relating to overdraft fees (and changes to our overdraft practices as a result thereof), credit cards, and other bank services;
  legislative proposals to allow mortgage cram-downs in bankruptcy or require other loan modifications;
  the extent of our success in our loan modification efforts, as well as the effects of regulatory requirements or guidance regarding loan modifications or changes in such requirements or guidance;
  the amount of mortgage loan repurchase demands that we receive and our ability to satisfy any such demands without having to repurchase loans related thereto or otherwise indemnify or reimburse third parties;
  negative effects relating to mortgage foreclosures, including changes in our procedures or practices and/or industry standards or practices, regulatory or judicial requirements, penalties or fines, increased costs, or delays or moratoriums on foreclosures;
  our ability to successfully integrate the Wachovia merger and realize the expected cost savings and other benefits and the effects of any delays or disruptions in systems conversions relating to the Wachovia integration;
  our ability to realize the efficiency initiatives to lower expenses when and in the amount expected;
  recognition of OTTI on securities held in our available-for-sale portfolio;
  the effect of changes in interest rates on our net interest margin and our mortgage originations, MSRs and mortgages held for sale;
  hedging gains or losses;
  disruptions in the capital markets and reduced investor demand for mortgage loans;
  our ability to sell more products to our customers;
  the effect of the economic recession on the demand for our products and services;
  the effect of the fall in stock market prices on our investment banking business and our fee income from our brokerage, asset and wealth management businesses;
  our election to provide support to our mutual funds for structured credit products they may hold;
  changes in the value of our venture capital investments;
  changes in our accounting policies or in accounting standards or in how accounting standards are to be applied or interpreted;
  mergers, acquisitions and divestitures;
  changes in the Company’s credit ratings and changes in the credit quality of the Company’s customers or counterparties;

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  reputational damage from negative publicity, fines, penalties and other negative consequences from regulatory violations and legal actions;
  the loss of checking and savings account deposits to other investments such as the stock market, and the resulting increase in our funding costs and impact on our net interest margin;
  fiscal and monetary policies of the Federal Reserve Board; and
  the other risk factors and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our 2009 Form 10-K, First Quarter Form 10-Q, Second Quarter Form 10-Q and in this Report.
In addition to the above factors, we also caution that there is no assurance that our allowance for credit losses will be adequate to cover future credit losses, especially if credit markets, housing prices and unemployment do not continue to stabilize or improve. Increases in loan charge-offs or in the allowance for credit losses and related provision expense could materially adversely affect our financial results and condition.
Any forward-looking statement made by us in this Report speaks only as of the date on which it is made. Factors or events that could cause our actual results to differ may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of them. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by law.
RISK FACTORS
An investment in the Company involves risk, including the possibility that the value of the investment could fall substantially and that dividends or other distributions on the investment could be reduced or eliminated. We discuss above under “Forward-Looking Statements” and elsewhere in this Report, as well as in other documents we file with the SEC, risk factors that could adversely affect our financial results and condition and the value of, and return on, an investment in the Company. We refer you to the Financial Review section and Financial Statements (and related Notes) in this Report for more information about credit, interest rate, market and litigation risks, the “Risk Factors” and “Regulation and Supervision” sections in our 2009 Form 10-K, the “Risk Factors” section in our First Quarter Form 10-Q and Second Quarter Form 10-Q, and the “Forward-Looking Statements” section of this Report for a discussion of risk factors.
The following risk factor supplements the risk factors set forth in our 2009 Form 10-K, First Quarter Form 10-Q and Second Quarter Form 10-Q and should be read in conjunction with the other risk factors described in those reports and in this Report.
We may be terminated as a servicer or master servicer, be required to repurchase a mortgage loan or reimburse investors for credit losses on a mortgage loan, or incur costs and other liabilities if we fail to satisfy our servicing obligations, including our obligations with respect to mortgage loan foreclosure actions.
We act as servicer and/or master servicer for mortgage loans included in securitizations and for unsecuritized mortgage loans owned by investors. As a servicer or master servicer for those loans we have certain contractual obligations to the securitization trusts, investors or other third parties, including, in our capacity as a servicer, foreclosing on defaulted mortgage loans or, to the extent consistent with the applicable securitization or other investor agreement, considering alternatives to foreclosure such as loan modifications or short sales and, in our capacity as a master servicer, overseeing the servicing of mortgage loans by the servicer. If we commit a material breach of our obligations as servicer or master servicer, we may be subject to termination if the breach is not cured within a specified period of time following notice, which can generally be given by the securitization trustee or a specified percentage of

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security holders, causing us to lose servicing income. In addition, we may be required to indemnify the securitization trustee against losses from any failure by us, as a servicer or master servicer, to perform our servicing obligations or any act or omission on our part that involves willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence. For certain investors and/or certain transactions, we may be contractually obligated to repurchase a mortgage loan or reimburse the investor for credit losses incurred on the loan as a remedy for servicing errors with respect to the loan. If we have increased repurchase obligations because of claims we did not satisfy our obligations as a servicer or master servicer, or increased loss severity on such repurchases, we may have to materially increase our repurchase reserve.
We may incur costs if we are required to, or if we elect to re-execute or re-file documents or take other action in our capacity as a servicer in connection with pending or completed foreclosures. We may incur litigation costs if the validity of a foreclosure action is challenged by a borrower. If a court were to overturn a foreclosure because of errors or deficiencies in the foreclosure process, we may have liability to a title insurer of the property sold in foreclosure. These costs and liabilities may not be legally or otherwise reimbursable to us, particularly to the extent they relate to securitized mortgage loans. In addition, if certain documents required for a foreclosure action are missing or defective, we could be obligated to cure the defect or repurchase the loan. We may incur liability to securitization investors relating to delays or deficiencies in our processing of mortgage assignments or other documents necessary to comply with state law governing foreclosures. The fair value of our mortgage servicing rights may be negatively affected to the extent our servicing costs increase because of higher foreclosure costs. We may be subject to fines and other sanctions, including a foreclosure moratorium or suspension, imposed by Federal or state regulators as a result of actual or perceived deficiencies in our foreclosure practices or in the foreclosure practices of other mortgage loan servicers. Any of these actions may harm our reputation or negatively affect our residential mortgage origination or servicing business.
For more information, refer to the “Risk Management — Liability for Mortgage Loan Repurchase Losses” and “— Risks Relating to Servicing Activities” sections of this Report and to the “Critical Accounting Policies — Valuation of Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights” section in our 2009 Form 10-K.
Any factor described in this Report or in our 2009 Form 10-K, First Quarter Form 10-Q or Second Quarter Form 10-Q could by itself, or together with other factors, adversely affect our financial results and condition. There are factors not discussed above or elsewhere in this Report that could adversely affect our financial results and condition.

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CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As required by SEC rules, the Company’s management evaluated the effectiveness, as of September 30, 2010, of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. The Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer participated in the evaluation. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2010.
INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and includes those policies and procedures that:
  pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets of the Company;
  provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
  provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. No change occurred during third quarter 2010 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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WELLS FARGO & COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions, except per share amounts)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Interest income
                               
Trading assets
  $ 270       216       803       688  
Securities available for sale
    2,492       2,947       7,292       8,543  
Mortgages held for sale
    449       524       1,241       1,484  
Loans held for sale
    22       34       86       151  
Loans
    9,779       10,170       30,094       31,467  
Other interest income
    118       77       311       249  
   
Total interest income
    13,130       13,968       39,827       42,582  
   
Interest expense
                               
Deposits
    721       905       2,170       2,861  
Short-term borrowings
    27       32       66       210  
Long-term debt
    1,226       1,301       3,735       4,565  
Other interest expense
    58       46       162       122  
   
Total interest expense
    2,032       2,284       6,133       7,758  
   
Net interest income
    11,098       11,684       33,694       34,824  
Provision for credit losses
    3,445       6,111       12,764       15,755  
   
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    7,653       5,573       20,930       19,069  
   
Noninterest income
                               
Service charges on deposit accounts
    1,132       1,478       3,881       4,320  
Trust and investment fees
    2,564       2,502       7,976       7,130  
Card fees
    935       946       2,711       2,722  
Other fees
    1,004       950       2,927       2,814  
Mortgage banking
    2,499       3,067       6,980       8,617  
Insurance
    397       468       1,562       1,644  
Net gains from trading activities
    470       622       1,116       2,158  
Net losses on debt securities available for sale (1)
    (114 )     (40 )     (56 )     (237 )
Net gains (losses) from equity investments (2)
    131       29       462       (88 )
Operating leases
    222       224       736       522  
Other
    536       536       1,727       1,564  
   
Total noninterest income
    9,776       10,782       30,022       31,166  
   
Noninterest expense
                               
Salaries
    3,478       3,428       10,356       10,252  
Commission and incentive compensation
    2,280       2,051       6,497       5,935  
Employee benefits
    1,074       1,034       3,459       3,545  
Equipment
    557       563       1,823       1,825  
Net occupancy
    742       778       2,280       2,357  
Core deposit and other intangibles
    548       642       1,650       1,935  
FDIC and other deposit assessments
    300       228       896       1,547  
Other
    3,274       2,960       10,155       8,803  
   
Total noninterest expense
    12,253       11,684       37,116       36,199  
   
Income before income tax expense
    5,176       4,671       13,836       14,036  
Income tax expense
    1,751       1,355       4,666       4,382  
   
Net income before noncontrolling interests
    3,425       3,316       9,170       9,654  
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests
    86       81       222       202  
   
Wells Fargo net income
  $ 3,339       3,235       8,948       9,452  
   
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock
  $ 3,150       2,637       8,400       7,596  
   
Per share information
                               
Earnings per common share
  $ 0.60       0.56       1.61       1.70  
Diluted earnings per common share
    0.60       0.56       1.60       1.69  
Dividends declared per common share
    0.05       0.05       0.15       0.44  
Average common shares outstanding
    5,240.1       4,678.3       5,216.9       4,471.2  
Diluted average common shares outstanding
    5,273.2       4,706.4       5,252.9       4,485.3  
   
(1)   Includes other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses of $144 million and $273 million recognized in earnings ($50 million and $314 million of total OTTI losses, net of $(94) million and $41 million recognized as an increase (decrease) to OTTI losses in other comprehensive income) for the quarters ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and OTTI losses of $342 million and $850 million recognized in earnings ($253 million and $1,889 million of total OTTI losses, net of $(89) million and $1,039 million recognized as an increase (decrease) to OTTI losses in other comprehensive income) for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
(2)   Includes OTTI losses of $35 million and $123 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $202 million and $525 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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WELLS FARGO & COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (UNAUDITED)
                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions, except shares)   2010     2009  
   
Assets
               
Cash and due from banks
  $ 16,001       27,080  
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments
    56,549       40,885  
Trading assets
    49,271       43,039  
Securities available for sale
    176,875       172,710  
Mortgages held for sale (includes $42,791 and $36,962 carried at fair value)
    46,001       39,094  
Loans held for sale (includes $436 and $149 carried at fair value)
    1,188       5,733  

Loans (includes $353 carried at fair value at September 30, 2010)

    753,664       782,770  
Allowance for loan losses
    (23,939 )     (24,516 )
   
Net loans
    729,725       758,254  
   
Mortgage servicing rights:
               
Measured at fair value (residential MSRs)
    12,486       16,004  
Amortized
    1,013       1,119  
Premises and equipment, net
    9,636       10,736  
Goodwill
    24,831       24,812  
Other assets
    97,208       104,180  
   
Total assets (1)
  $ 1,220,784       1,243,646  
   
Liabilities
               
Noninterest-bearing deposits
  $ 184,451       181,356  
Interest-bearing deposits
    630,061       642,662  
   
Total deposits
    814,512       824,018  
Short-term borrowings
    50,715       38,966  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    67,249       62,442  
Long-term debt (includes $351 carried at fair value at September 30, 2010)
    163,143       203,861  
   
Total liabilities (2)
    1,095,619       1,129,287  
   
Equity
               
Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock
    8,840       8,485  
Common stock — $1-2/3 par value, authorized 9,000,000,000 shares; issued 5,253,819,623 shares and 5,245,971,422 shares
    8,756       8,743  
Additional paid-in capital
    52,899       52,878  
Retained earnings
    48,953       41,563  
Cumulative other comprehensive income
    5,502       3,009  
Treasury stock — 9,442,860 shares and 67,346,829 shares
    (466 )     (2,450 )
Unearned ESOP shares
    (826 )     (442 )
   
Total Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity
    123,658       111,786  
Noncontrolling interests
    1,507       2,573  
   
Total equity
    125,165       114,359  
   
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 1,220,784       1,243,646  
   
   
(1)   Our consolidated assets at September 30, 2010, include the following assets of certain variable interest entities (VIEs) that can only be used to settle the liabilities of those VIEs: Cash and due from banks, $150 million; Trading assets, $95 million; Securities available for sale, $2.7 billion; Net loans, $18.7 billion; Other assets, $1.5 billion, and Total assets, $23.2 billion.
(2)   Our consolidated liabilities at September 30, 2010, include the following VIE liabilities for which the VIE creditors do not have recourse to Wells Fargo: Short-term borrowings, $6 million; Accrued expenses and other liabilities, $205 million; Long-term debt, $8.9 billion; and Total liabilities, $9.1 billion.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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WELLS FARGO & COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
                                 
 
     
             
             
    Preferred stock     Common stock  
(in millions, except shares)   Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount  
   
Balance, December 31, 2008
    10,111,821     $ 31,332       4,228,630,889     $ 7,273  
   
Cumulative effect from change in accounting for other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities
                               
Effect of change in accounting for noncontrolling interests
                               
   
Balance, January 1, 2009
    10,111,821       31,332       4,228,630,889       7,273  
   
Comprehensive income:
                               
Net income
                               
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                               
Translation adjustments
                               
Net unrealized gains on securities available for sale, net of reclassification of $45 million of net gains included in net income
                               
Net unrealized losses on derivatives and hedging activities, net of reclassification of $257 million of net gains on cash flow hedges included in net income
                               
Unamortized gains under defined benefit plans, net of amortization
                               
   
Total comprehensive income
                               
Noncontrolling interests
                               
Common stock issued
                    451,324,822       654  
Common stock repurchased
                    (3,353,597 )        
Preferred stock released to ESOP
                               
Preferred stock converted to common shares
    (41,280 )     (41 )     2,593,044          
Common stock dividends
                               
Preferred stock dividends and accretion
            298                  
Tax benefit upon exercise of stock options
                               
Stock option compensation expense
                               
Net change in deferred compensation and related plans
                               
   
Net change
    (41,280 )     257       450,564,269       654  
   
Balance, September 30, 2009
    10,070,541     $ 31,589       4,679,195,158     $ 7,927  
   

Balance, January 1, 2010

    9,980,940     $ 8,485       5,178,624,593     $ 8,743  
   
Cumulative effect from change in accounting for VIEs
                               
Cumulative effect from change in accounting for embedded credit derivatives
                               
Comprehensive income:
                               
Net income
                               
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                               
Translation adjustments
                               
Net unrealized gains on securities available for sale, net of reclassification of $86 million of net gains included in net income
                               
Net unrealized gains on derivatives and hedging activities, net of reclassification of $363 million of net gains on cash flow hedges included in net income
                               
Unamortized gains under defined benefit plans, net of amortization
                               
   
Total comprehensive income
                               
Noncontrolling interests
                               
Common stock issued
                    44,660,913       4  
Common stock repurchased
                    (2,321,917 )        
Preferred stock issued to ESOP
    1,000,000       1,000                  
Preferred stock released to ESOP
                               
Preferred stock converted to common shares
    (644,958 )     (645 )     23,413,174       9  
Common stock warrants repurchased
                               
Common stock dividends
                               
Preferred stock dividends
                               
Tax benefit upon exercise of stock options
                               
Stock option compensation expense
                               
Net change in deferred compensation and related plans
                               
   
Net change
    355,042       355       65,752,170       13  
   
Balance, September 30, 2010
    10,335,982     $ 8,840       5,244,376,763     $ 8,756  
   
   
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
                                                                 
 
Wells Fargo stockholders' equity              
                    Cumulative                     Total              
    Additional             other             Unearned     Wells Fargo              
    paid-in     Retained     comprehensive     Treasury     ESOP     stockholders'     Noncontrolling     Total  
    capital     earnings     income     stock     shares     equity     interests     equity  
   
 
    36,026       36,543       (6,869 )     (4,666 )     (555 )     99,084       3,232     $ 102,316  
   

 

            53       (53 )                                    
 
    (3,716 )                                     (3,716 )     3,716        
   
 
    32,310       36,596       (6,922 )     (4,666 )     (555 )     95,368       6,948       102,316  
   
 
                                                               
 
            9,452                               9,452       202       9,654  
 
                                                               
 
                    63                       63       (5 )     58  

 

                    10,566                       10,566       64       10,630  

 

                    (189 )                     (189 )             (189 )
 
                    570                       570               570  
   
 
                                            20,462       261       20,723  
   
 
    21                                       21       (435 )     (414 )
 
    7,845       (816 )             1,907               9,590               9,590  
 
                            (80 )             (80 )             (80 )
 
    (3 )                             44       41               41  
 
    (42 )                     83                              
 
            (1,891 )                             (1,891 )             (1,891 )
 
            (1,856 )                             (1,558 )             (1,558 )
 
    9                                       9               9  
 
    180                                       180               180  
 
    23                       (15 )             8               8  
   
 
    8,033       4,889       11,010       1,895       44       26,782       (174 )     26,608  
   
 
    40,343       41,485       4,088       (2,771 )     (511 )     122,150       6,774     $ 128,924  
   

 

    52,878       41,563       3,009       (2,450 )     (442 )     111,786       2,573     $ 114,359  
   
 
            183                               183               183  
 
            (28 )                             (28 )             (28 )
 
                                                               
 
            8,948                               8,948       222       9,170  
 
                                                               
 
                    16                       16       12       28  

 

                    2,202                       2,202       16       2,218  

 
 

                    227                       227               227  
 
                    48                       48               48  
   
 
                                            11,441       250       11,691  
 
    (3 )                                     (3 )     (1,316 )     (1,319 )
 
    72       (375 )             1,349               1,050               1,050  
 
                            (71 )             (71 )             (71 )
 
    80                               (1,080 )                    
 
    (51 )                             696       645               645  
 
    69                       567                              
 
    (544 )                                     (544 )             (544 )
 
    2       (785 )                             (783 )             (783 )
 
            (553 )                             (553 )             (553 )
 
    79                                       79               79  
 
    93                                       93               93  
 
    224                       139               363               363  
   
 
    21       7,390       2,493       1,984       (384 )     11,872       (1,066 )     10,806  
   
 
    52,899       48,953       5,502       (466 )     (826 )     123,658       1,507     $ 125,165  
   
   

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WELLS FARGO & COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
                 
 
    Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009  
   
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
Net income before noncontrolling interests
  $ 9,170       9,654  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Provision for credit losses
    12,764       15,755  
Changes in fair value of MSRs (residential), MHFS and LHFS carried at fair value
    1,195       1,366  
Depreciation and amortization
    1,502       2,437  
Other net losses (gains)
    4,376       (2,261 )
Preferred shares released to ESOP
    645       41  
Stock option compensation expense
    93       180  
Excess tax benefits related to stock option payments
    (79 )     (9 )
Originations of MHFS
    (252,075 )     (321,098 )
Proceeds from sales of and principal collected on mortgages originated for sale
    251,814       306,882  
Originations of LHFS
    (4,554 )     (8,641 )
Proceeds from sales of and principal collected on LHFS
    15,220       15,937  
Purchases of LHFS
    (5,998 )     (6,461 )
Net change in:
               
Trading assets
    873       13,834  
Deferred income taxes
    4,015       4,835  
Accrued interest receivable
    771       948  
Accrued interest payable
    (238 )     (1,157 )
Other assets, net
    (12,034 )     (6,159 )
Other accrued expenses and liabilities, net
    (4,660 )     (833 )
   
Net cash provided by operating activities
    22,800       25,250  
   
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Net change in:
               
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments
    (15,664 )     31,942  
Securities available for sale:
               
Sales proceeds
    5,125       46,337  
Prepayments and maturities
    33,349       28,746  
Purchases
    (37,161 )     (89,395 )
Loans:
               
Decrease in banking subsidiaries’ loan originations, net of collections
    27,359       44,337  
Proceeds from sales (including participations) of loans originated for investment by banking subsidiaries
    5,011       4,569  
Purchases (including participations) of loans by banking subsidiaries
    (1,673 )     (2,007 )
Principal collected on nonbank entities’ loans
    11,706       10,224  
Loans originated by nonbank entities
    (7,960 )     (7,117 )
Net cash paid for acquisitions
    (23 )     (132 )
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed assets
    3,669       2,708  
Changes in MSRs from purchases and sales
    (29 )     (9 )
Other, net
    1,827       4,951  
   
Net cash provided by investing activities
    25,536       75,154  
   
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Net change in:
               
Deposits
    (9,506 )     15,212  
Short-term borrowings
    6,622       (77,274 )
Long-term debt:
               
Proceeds from issuance
    2,638       4,803  
Repayment
    (57,790 )     (55,332 )
Preferred stock:
               
Cash dividends paid
    (620 )     (1,616 )
Common stock:
               
Proceeds from issuance
    1,050       9,590  
Repurchased
    (71 )     (80 )
Cash dividends paid
    (783 )     (1,891 )
Common stock warrants repurchased
    (544 )      
Excess tax benefits related to stock option payments
    79       9  
Net change in noncontrolling interests
    (490 )     (355 )
   
Net cash used by financing activities
    (59,415 )     (106,934 )
   
Net change in cash and due from banks
    (11,079 )     (6,530 )
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period
    27,080       23,763  
   
Cash and due from banks at end of period
  $ 16,001       17,233  
   
Supplemental cash flow disclosures:
               
Cash paid for interest
  $ 6,371       8,915  
Cash paid for income taxes
    917       2,834  
   
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. See Note 1 for noncash activities.

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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
See the Glossary of Acronyms at the end of this Report for terms used throughout the Financial Statements and related Notes of this Form 10-Q.
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Wells Fargo & Company is a nation-wide diversified, community-based financial services company. We provide banking, insurance, investments, mortgage banking, investment banking, retail banking, brokerage, and consumer finance through banking stores, the internet and other distribution channels to consumers, businesses and institutions in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and in other countries. When we refer to “Wells Fargo,” “the Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” in this Form 10-Q, we mean Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries (consolidated). Wells Fargo & Company (the Parent) is a financial holding company and a bank holding company. We also hold a majority interest in a real estate investment trust, which has publicly traded preferred stock outstanding.
Our accounting and reporting policies conform with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and practices in the financial services industry. To prepare the financial statements in conformity with GAAP, management must make estimates based on assumptions about future economic and market conditions (for example, unemployment, market liquidity, real estate prices, etc.) that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and income and expenses during the reporting period and the related disclosures. Although our estimates contemplate current conditions and how we expect them to change in the future, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be worse than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially affect our results of operations and financial condition. Management has made significant estimates in several areas, including the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) on investment securities (Note 4), allowance for credit losses and purchased credit-impaired (PCI) loans (Note 5), valuing residential mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) (Notes 7 and 8) and financial instruments (Note 12), liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses (Note 7), pension accounting (Note 14) and income taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Among other effects, such changes could result in future impairments of investment securities, increases to the allowance for loan losses, as well as increased future pension expense.
The information furnished in these unaudited interim statements reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. These adjustments are of a normal recurring nature, unless otherwise disclosed in this Form 10-Q. The results of operations in the interim statements do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for the full year. The interim financial information should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 (2009 Form 10-K). Certain amounts in the financial statements for prior years have been revised to conform with current financial statement presentation.

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Accounting Developments
In first quarter 2010, we adopted the following accounting updates to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC or Codification):
  Accounting Standards Update (ASU or Update) 2010-6, Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements;
 
  ASU 2009-16, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets (Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) 166, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140);
 
  ASU 2009-17, Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities (FAS 167, Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R)); and
 
  ASU 2010-10, Amendments for Certain Investment Funds.
In third quarter 2010, we adopted the following accounting updates to the Codification:
  ASU 2010-18, Effect of a Loan Modification When the Loan is Part of a Pool That is Accounted for as a Single Asset; and
 
  ASU 2010-11, Scope Exception Related to Embedded Credit Derivatives.
Information about these accounting updates is further described in more detail below.
ASU 2010-6 amends the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Companies are now required to disclose significant transfers in and out of Levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy, whereas the previous rules only required the disclosure of transfers in and out of Level 3. Additionally, in the rollforward of Level 3 activity, companies must present information on purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements on a gross basis rather than on a net basis. The Update also clarifies that fair value measurement disclosures should be presented for each class of assets and liabilities. A class is typically a subset of a line item in the statement of financial position. Companies should also provide information about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring instruments classified as either Level 2 or Level 3. We adopted this guidance in first quarter 2010 with prospective application, except for the new requirement related to the Level 3 rollforward. Gross presentation in the Level 3 rollforward is effective for us in first quarter 2011 with prospective application. Our adoption of the Update did not affect our consolidated financial statement results since it amends only the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements.
ASU 2009-16 (FAS 166) modifies certain guidance contained in ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing. This pronouncement eliminates the concept of qualifying special purpose entities (QSPEs) and provides additional criteria transferors must use to evaluate transfers of financial assets. The Update also requires that any assets or liabilities retained from a transfer accounted for as a sale must be initially recognized at fair value. We adopted this guidance in first quarter 2010 with prospective application for transfers that occurred on and after January 1, 2010.
ASU 2009-17 (FAS 167) amends several key consolidation provisions related to variable interest entities (VIEs), which are included in ASC 810, Consolidation. The scope of the new guidance includes entities that were previously designated as QSPEs. The Update also changes the approach companies must use to identify VIEs for which they are deemed to be the primary beneficiary and are required to consolidate. Under the new guidance, a VIE’s primary beneficiary is the entity that has the power to direct the VIE’s significant activities, and has an obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could be potentially significant to the VIE. The Update also requires companies to continually reassess whether they are the primary beneficiary of a VIE, whereas the previous rules only required reconsideration upon the occurrence of certain triggering events. We adopted this guidance in first quarter 2010, which resulted

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in the consolidation of $18.6 billion of incremental assets onto our consolidated balance sheet and a $183 million increase to beginning retained earnings as a cumulative effect adjustment.
We also elected the fair value option for those newly consolidated VIEs for which our interests, prior to January 1, 2010, were predominantly carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded to earnings. Accordingly, the fair value option was elected to effectively continue fair value accounting through earnings for those interests. Conversely, we did not elect the fair value option for those newly consolidated VIEs that did not share these characteristics. At January 1, 2010, the fair value of loans and long-term debt for which we elected the fair value option was $1.0 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively. The incremental impact of electing the fair value option (compared to not electing) on the cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings was an increase of $15 million. See Notes 7 and 12 in this Report for additional information.
ASU 2010-10 amends consolidation accounting guidance to defer indefinitely the application of ASU 2009-17 to certain investment funds. The amendment was effective for us in first quarter 2010. As a result, we did not consolidate any investment funds upon adoption of ASU 2009-17.
ASU 2010-18 provides guidance for modified PCI loans that are accounted for within a pool. Under the new guidance, modified PCI loans should not be removed from a pool even if those loans would otherwise be deemed troubled debt restructurings. The Update also clarifies that entities should consider the impact of modifications on a pool of PCI loans when evaluating that pool for impairment. These accounting changes were effective for us in third quarter 2010. Our adoption of the Update did not affect our consolidated financial statement results, as the new guidance is consistent with our current accounting practice.
ASU 2010-11 provides guidance clarifying when entities should evaluate embedded credit derivative features in financial instruments issued from structures such as collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and synthetic CDOs. The Update clarifies that bifurcation and separate accounting is not required for embedded credit derivative features that are only related to the transfer of credit risk that occurs when one financial instrument is subordinate to another. Embedded derivatives related to other types of credit risk must be analyzed to determine the appropriate accounting treatment. The guidance also allows companies to elect fair value option upon adoption for any investment in a beneficial interest in securitized financial assets. By making this election, companies would not be required to evaluate whether embedded credit derivative features exist for those interests. This guidance was effective for us in third quarter 2010. In conjunction with our adoption of this standard, we recorded a $28 million decrease to beginning retained earnings as a cumulative effect adjustment.

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Noncash activities are presented below, including information on transfers affecting mortgages held for sale (MHFS), loans held for sale (LHFS), and MSRs.
                 
 
    Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009  
   
Transfers from trading assets to securities available for sale
  $       845  
Transfers from (to) loans to (from) securities available for sale
    3,468       (258 )
Transfers from MHFS to trading assets
    6,950       2,993  
Transfers from MHFS to MSRs
    3,086       5,088  
Transfers from MHFS to foreclosed assets
    189       125  
Transfers from loans to MHFS
    126       60  
Transfers from (to) loans to (from) LHFS
    100       (6 )
Transfers from loans to foreclosed assets
    6,736       5,067  
Adoption of consolidation accounting guidance:
               
Trading assets
    155        
Securities available for sale
    (7,590 )      
Loans
    25,657        
Other assets
    193        
Short-term borrowings
    5,127        
Long-term debt
    13,134        
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    (32 )      
Decrease in noncontrolling interests due to deconsolidation of subsidiaries
    440        
Transfer from noncontrolling interests to long-term debt
    345        
   
Subsequent Events
We have evaluated the effects of subsequent events that have occurred subsequent to period end September 30, 2010. There have been no material events that would require recognition in our third quarter 2010 consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the Notes to the financial statements.
On October 27, 2010, we announced that we are submitting supplemental affidavits for approximately 55,000 foreclosures pending before courts in 23 judicial foreclosure states following our identification of instances where a final step in our process relating to the execution of foreclosure affidavits (including a final review of the affidavit, as well as some aspects of the notarization process) did not strictly adhere to the required procedures. The issues we have identified do not relate to the quality of the customer and loan data, and we do not believe that any of these instances led to foreclosures which should not have otherwise occurred.

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2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
We regularly explore opportunities to acquire financial services companies and businesses. Generally, we do not make a public announcement about an acquisition opportunity until a definitive agreement has been signed. For information on additional consideration related to acquisitions, which is considered to be a guarantee, see Note 10 in this Report.
In the first nine months of 2010, we completed three acquisitions with combined total assets of $440 million consisting of a factoring business and two insurance brokerage businesses. At September 30, 2010, we had no pending business combinations.
On December 31, 2008, Wells Fargo acquired Wachovia Corporation (Wachovia). The purchase accounting for the Wachovia acquisition was finalized as of December 31, 2009. Costs associated with involuntary employee termination, contract terminations and closing duplicate facilities were recorded throughout 2009 and allocated to the purchase price. The following table summarizes the first nine months of 2010 usage of the exit reserves associated with the Wachovia acquisition.
                                 
 
    Employee     Contract     Facilities        
(in millions)   termination     termination     related     Total  
   
Balance, December 31, 2009
  $ 355       58       344       757  
Cash payments / utilization
    (162 )     (47 )     (183 )     (392 )
   
Balance, September 30, 2010
  $ 193       11       161       365  
   
   
3. FEDERAL FUNDS SOLD, SECURITIES PURCHASED UNDER RESALE AGREEMENTS AND OTHER SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
The following table provides the detail of federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments.
                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009  
   
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
  $ 20,761       8,042  
Interest-earning deposits
    33,826       31,668  
Other short-term investments
    1,962       1,175  
   
Total
  $ 56,549       40,885  
   
   
We pledge certain financial instruments that we own to collateralize repurchase agreements and other securities financings. The types of collateral we pledge include securities issued by federal agencies, government-sponsored entities (GSEs), and domestic and foreign companies. We pledged $21.9 billion at September 30, 2010, and $14.8 billion at December 31, 2009, under agreements that permit the secured parties to sell or repledge the collateral. Pledged collateral where the secured party cannot sell or repledge was $944 million at September 30, 2010, and $434 million at December 31, 2009.
We receive collateral from other entities under resale agreements and securities borrowings. We received $12.4 billion at September 30, 2010, and $31.4 billion at December 31, 2009, for which we have the right to sell or repledge the collateral. These amounts include securities we have sold or repledged to others with a fair value of $9.9 billion at September 30, 2010, and $29.7 billion at December 31, 2009.

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4. SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE
The following table provides the cost and fair value for the major categories of securities available for sale carried at fair value. The net unrealized gains (losses) are reported on an after-tax basis as a component of cumulative other comprehensive income (OCI). There were no securities classified as held to maturity as of the periods presented.
                                 
 
            Gross     Gross        
            unrealized     unrealized     Fair  
(in millions)   Cost     gains     losses     value  
   

September 30, 2010

                               

Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies

  $ 1,652       91             1,743  
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    17,756       922       (511 )     18,167  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
Federal agencies
    79,898       3,723       (26 )     83,595  
Residential
    18,538       2,710       (462 )     20,786  
Commercial
    12,791       1,253       (1,050 )     12,994  
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    111,227       7,686       (1,538 )     117,375  
   
Corporate debt securities
    9,027       1,419       (36 )     10,410  
Collateralized debt obligations
    4,483       327       (284 )     4,526  
Other (1)
    18,968       784       (374 )     19,378  
   
Total debt securities
    163,113       11,229       (2,743 )     171,599  
   
Marketable equity securities:
                               
Perpetual preferred securities
    3,769       267       (100 )     3,936  
Other marketable equity securities
    612       731       (3 )     1,340  
   
Total marketable equity securities
    4,381       998       (103 )     5,276  
   
Total
  $ 167,494       12,227       (2,846 )     176,875  
   

December 31, 2009

                               

Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies

  $ 2,256       38       (14 )     2,280  
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    13,212       683       (365 )     13,530  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
Federal agencies
    79,542       3,285       (9 )     82,818  
Residential
    28,153       2,480       (2,043 )     28,590  
Commercial
    12,221       602       (1,862 )     10,961  
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    119,916       6,367       (3,914 )     122,369  
   
Corporate debt securities
    8,245       1,167       (77 )     9,335  
Collateralized debt obligations
    3,660       432       (367 )     3,725  
Other (1)
    15,025       1,099       (245 )     15,879  
   
Total debt securities
    162,314       9,786       (4,982 )     167,118  
   
Marketable equity securities:
                               
Perpetual preferred securities
    3,677       263       (65 )     3,875  
Other marketable equity securities
    1,072       654       (9 )     1,717  
   
Total marketable equity securities
    4,749       917       (74 )     5,592  
   
Total
  $ 167,063       10,703       (5,056 )     172,710  
   
   
(1)   Included in the “Other” category are asset-backed securities collateralized by auto leases or loans and cash reserves with a cost basis and fair value of $8.1 billion and $8.3 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2010, and $8.2 billion and $8.5 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2009. Also included in the “Other” category are asset-backed securities collateralized by home equity loans with a cost basis and fair value of $864 million and $1.0 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2010, and $2.3 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2009. The remaining balances primarily include asset-backed securities collateralized by credit cards and student loans.
As part of our liquidity management strategy, we pledge securities to secure borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) and the Federal Reserve Bank. We also pledge securities to secure trust and public deposits and for other purposes as required or permitted by law. Securities pledged where the secured party does not have the right to sell or repledge totaled $97.9 billion at September 30, 2010, and

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$98.9 billion at December 31, 2009. We did not pledge any securities where the secured party has the right to sell or repledge the collateral as of the same periods, respectively.
Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Value
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities in the securities available-for-sale portfolio by length of time that individual securities in each category had been in a continuous loss position. Debt securities on which we have taken credit-related OTTI write-downs are categorized as being “less than 12 months” or “12 months or more” in a continuous loss position based on the point in time that the fair value declined to below the cost basis and not the period of time since the credit-related OTTI write-down.
                                                 
 
    Less than 12 months     12 months or more     Total  
    Gross             Gross             Gross        
    unrealized     Fair     unrealized     Fair     unrealized     Fair  
(in millions)   losses     value     losses     value     losses     value  
   

September 30, 2010

                                               
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
  $ (112 )     2,990       (399 )     2,929       (511 )     5,919  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
Federal agencies
    (26 )     10,856                   (26 )     10,856  
Residential
    (39 )     724       (423 )     4,741       (462 )     5,465  
Commercial
    (6 )     249       (1,044 )     5,737       (1,050 )     5,986  
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    (71 )     11,829       (1,467 )     10,478       (1,538 )     22,307  
   
Corporate debt securities
    (8 )     185       (28 )     168       (36 )     353  
Collateralized debt obligations
    (26 )     923       (258 )     411       (284 )     1,334  
Other
    (63 )     1,913       (311 )     596       (374 )     2,509  
   
Total debt securities
    (280 )     17,840       (2,463 )     14,582       (2,743 )     32,422  
   
Marketable equity securities:
                                               
Perpetual preferred securities
    (47 )     979       (53 )     383       (100 )     1,362  
Other marketable equity securities
    (3 )     21                   (3 )     21  
   
Total marketable equity securities
    (50 )     1,000       (53 )     383       (103 )     1,383  
   
Total
  $ (330 )     18,840       (2,516 )     14,965       (2,846 )     33,805  
   

December 31, 2009

                                               
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
  $ (14 )     530                   (14 )     530  
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    (55 )     1,120       (310 )     2,826       (365 )     3,946  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
Federal agencies
    (9 )     767                   (9 )     767  
Residential
    (243 )     2,991       (1,800 )     9,697       (2,043 )     12,688  
Commercial
    (37 )     816       (1,825 )     6,370       (1,862 )     7,186  
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    (289 )     4,574       (3,625 )     16,067       (3,914 )     20,641  
   
Corporate debt securities
    (7 )     281       (70 )     442       (77 )     723  
Collateralized debt obligations
    (55 )     398       (312 )     512       (367 )     910  
Other
    (73 )     746       (172 )     286       (245 )     1,032  
   
Total debt securities
    (493 )     7,649       (4,489 )     20,133       (4,982 )     27,782  
   
Marketable equity securities:
                                               
Perpetual preferred securities
    (1 )     93       (64 )     527       (65 )     620  
Other marketable equity securities
    (9 )     175                   (9 )     175  
   
Total marketable equity securities
    (10 )     268       (64 )     527       (74 )     795  
   
Total
  $ (503 )     7,917       (4,553 )     20,660       (5,056 )     28,577  
   
   
We do not have the intent to sell any securities included in the table above. For debt securities included in the previous table, we have concluded it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis. We have assessed each security for credit impairment. For debt

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securities, we evaluate, where necessary, whether credit impairment exists by comparing the present value of the expected cash flows to the securities amortized cost basis. For equity securities, we consider numerous factors in determining whether impairment exists, including our intent and ability to hold the securities for a period of time sufficient to recover the cost basis of the securities.
For complete descriptions of the factors we consider when analyzing debt securities for impairment, see Note 5 in our 2009 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to our methodologies for assessing impairment in third quarter 2010.
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
The unrealized losses associated with U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities do not have any credit losses due to the guarantees provided by the United States government.
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
The unrealized losses associated with securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions are primarily driven by changes in interest rates and not due to the credit quality of the securities. Substantially all of these investments are investment grade. The securities were generally underwritten in accordance with our own investment standards prior to the decision to purchase, without relying on a bond insurer’s guarantee in making the investment decision. These investments will continue to be monitored as part of our ongoing impairment analysis, but are expected to perform, even if the rating agencies reduce the credit rating of the bond insurers. As a result, we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities.
Federal Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS)
The unrealized losses associated with federal agency MBS are primarily driven by changes in interest rates and not due to credit losses. These securities are issued by U.S. government or GSEs and do not have any credit losses given the explicit or implicit government guarantee.
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities
The unrealized losses associated with private residential MBS are primarily driven by changes in projected collateral losses, credit spreads and interest rates. We assess for credit impairment using a cash flow model. The key assumptions include default rates, severities and prepayment rates. We estimate losses to a security by forecasting the underlying mortgage loans in each transaction. The forecasted loan performance is used to project cash flows to the various tranches in the structure. Cash flow forecasts are also considered, and as applicable, independent industry analyst reports and forecasts, sector credit ratings, and other independent market data. Based upon our assessment of the expected credit losses of the security given the performance of the underlying collateral compared with our credit enhancement, we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities.

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Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
The unrealized losses associated with commercial MBS are primarily driven by changes in projected collateral losses, credit spreads and interest rates. These investments are predominantly investment grade. We assess for credit impairment using a cash flow model. The key assumptions include default rates and severities. We estimate losses to a security by forecasting the underlying loans in each transaction. The forecasted loan performance is used to project cash flows to the various tranches in the structure. Cash flow forecasts are also considered, and as applicable, independent industry analyst reports and forecasts, sector credit ratings, and other independent market data. Based upon our assessment of the expected credit losses of the security given the performance of the underlying collateral compared with our credit enhancement, we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities.
Corporate Debt Securities
The unrealized losses associated with corporate debt securities are primarily related to securities backed by commercial loans and individual issuer companies. For securities with commercial loans as the underlying collateral, we have evaluated the expected credit losses in the security and concluded that we have sufficient credit enhancement when compared with our estimate of credit losses for the individual security. For individual issuers, we evaluate the financial performance of the issuer on a quarterly basis to determine that the issuer can make all contractual principal and interest payments. Based upon this assessment, we expect to recover the entire cost basis of these securities.
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs)
The unrealized losses associated with CDOs relate to securities primarily backed by commercial, residential or other consumer collateral. The losses are primarily driven by changes in projected collateral losses, credit spreads and interest rates. We assess for credit impairment using a cash flow model. The key assumptions include default rates, severities and prepayment rates. Based upon our assessment of the expected credit losses of the security given the performance of the underlying collateral compared with our credit enhancement, we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities.
Other Debt Securities
The unrealized losses associated with other debt securities primarily relate to other asset-backed securities, which are primarily backed by auto, home equity and student loans. The losses are primarily driven by changes in projected collateral losses, credit spreads and interest rates. We assess for credit impairment using a cash flow model. The key assumptions include default rates, severities and prepayment rates. Based upon our assessment of the expected credit losses of the security given the performance of the underlying collateral compared with our credit enhancement, we expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities.
Marketable Equity Securities
Our marketable equity securities include investments in perpetual preferred securities, which provide very attractive tax-equivalent yields. We evaluated these hybrid financial instruments with investment-grade ratings for impairment using an evaluation methodology similar to that used for debt securities. Perpetual preferred securities are not considered other-than-temporarily impaired at September 30, 2010, if there is no evidence of credit deterioration or investment rating downgrades of any issuers to below investment grade, and we expected to continue to receive full contractual payments. We will continue to evaluate the prospects for these securities for recovery in their market value in accordance with our policy for estimating OTTI. We have recorded impairment write-downs on perpetual preferred securities where there was evidence of credit deterioration.

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The fair values of our investment securities could decline in the future if the underlying performance of the collateral for the residential and commercial MBS or other securities deteriorate and our credit enhancement levels do not provide sufficient protection to our contractual principal and interest. As a result, there is a risk that significant OTTI may occur in the future given the current economic environment.
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of debt and perpetual preferred securities available for sale by those rated investment grade and those rated less than investment grade, according to their lowest credit rating by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (S&P) or Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s). Credit ratings express opinions about the credit quality of a security. Securities rated investment grade, that is those rated BBB- or higher by S&P or Baa3 or higher by Moody’s, are generally considered by the rating agencies and market participants to be low credit risk. Conversely, securities rated below investment grade, labeled as “speculative grade” by the rating agencies, are considered to be distinctively higher credit risk than investment grade securities. We have also included securities not rated by S&P or Moody’s in the table below based on the internal credit grade of the securities (used for credit risk management purposes) equivalent to the credit rating assigned by major credit agencies. The unrealized losses and fair value of unrated securities categorized as investment grade based on internal credit grades were $234 million and $1.1 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2010. There were no unrated securities in a loss position categorized as investment grade based on internal credit grades as of December 31, 2009. If an internal credit grade was not assigned, we categorized the security as non-investment grade.
                                 
 
    Investment grade     Non-investment grade  
    Gross             Gross        
    unrealized     Fair     unrealized     Fair  
(in millions)   losses     value     losses     value  
   

September 30, 2010

                               
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
  $ (415 )     5,429       (96 )     490  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
Federal agencies
    (26 )     10,856              
Residential
    (13 )     401       (449 )     5,064  
Commercial
    (585 )     5,229       (465 )     757  
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    (624 )     16,486       (914 )     5,821  
   
Corporate debt securities
    (22 )     143       (14 )     210  
Collateralized debt obligations
    (71 )     801       (213 )     533  
Other
    (262 )     2,259       (112 )     250  
   
Total debt securities
    (1,394 )     25,118       (1,349 )     7,304  
Perpetual preferred securities
    (94 )     1,268       (6 )     94  
   
Total
  $ (1,488 )     26,386       (1,355 )     7,398  
   

December 31, 2009

                               
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
  $ (14 )     530              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    (275 )     3,621       (90 )     325  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
Federal agencies
    (9 )     767              
Residential
    (480 )     5,661       (1,563 )     7,027  
Commercial
    (1,247 )     6,543       (615 )     643  
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    (1,736 )     12,971       (2,178 )     7,670  
   
Corporate debt securities
    (31 )     260       (46 )     463  
Collateralized debt obligations
    (104 )     471       (263 )     439  
Other
    (85 )     644       (160 )     388  
   
Total debt securities
    (2,245 )     18,497       (2,737 )     9,285  
Perpetual preferred securities
    (65 )     620              
   
Total
  $ (2,310 )     19,117       (2,737 )     9,285  
   
   

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Contractual Maturities
The following table shows the remaining contractual principal maturities and contractual yields of debt securities available for sale. The remaining contractual principal maturities for MBS were determined assuming no prepayments. Remaining expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to prepay obligations before the underlying mortgages mature. The weighted-average yield is computed using the contractual coupon of each security weighted based on the fair value of each security.
                                                                                 
 
                    Remaining contractual principal maturity  
            Weighted-                     After one year     After five years        
    Total     average     Within one year     through five years     through ten years     After ten years  
(in millions)   amount     yield     Amount     Yield     Amount     Yield     Amount     Yield     Amount     Yield  
   

September 30, 2010

                                                                               
Securities of U.S. Treasury and
federal agencies
  $ 1,743       3.16 %   $ 11       4.54 %   $ 732       3.02 %   $ 897       3.15 %   $ 103       4.12 %
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
    18,167       6.44       392       2.97       1,742       4.76       1,540       6.59       14,493       6.72  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                                                               
Federal agencies
    83,595       5.15       5       6.54       36       5.95       514       5.26       83,040       5.14  
Residential
    20,786       5.21       33       0.38       76       0.48       203       5.05       20,474       5.23  
Commercial
    12,994       5.38                   102       5.60       528       3.55       12,364       5.46  
                                                                   
Total mortgage-backed
securities
    117,375       5.18       38       1.26       214       3.84       1,245       4.50       115,878       5.19  
                                                                   
Corporate debt securities
    10,410       5.78       656       4.76       3,890       5.96       4,813       5.87       1,051       5.31  
Collateralized debt obligations
    4,526       1.04       2       5.39       462       1.21       2,212       0.96       1,850       1.09  
Other
    19,378       2.87       3,346       4.02       10,711       3.02       2,167       1.86       3,154       1.85  
                                                                   
Total debt securities at
fair value
  $ 171,599       4.96 %   $ 4,445       4.01 %   $ 17,751       3.80 %   $ 12,874       4.12 %   $ 136,529       5.22 %
         
 
                                                                               
December 31, 2009
                                                                               
Securities of U.S. Treasury and
federal agencies
  $ 2,280       2.80 %   $ 413       0.79 %   $ 669       2.14 %   $ 1,192       3.87 %   $ 6       4.03 %
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
    13,530       6.75       77       7.48       703       6.88       1,055       6.56       11,695       6.76  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                                                               
Federal agencies
    82,818       5.50       12       4.68       50       5.91       271       5.56       82,485       5.50  
Residential
    28,590       5.40       51       4.80       115       0.45       283       5.69       28,141       5.41  
Commercial
    10,961       5.29       85       0.68       71       5.55       169       5.66       10,636       5.32  
                                                                   
Total mortgage-backed
securities
    122,369       5.46       148       2.44       236       3.14       723       5.63       121,262       5.46  
                                                                   
Corporate debt securities
    9,335       5.53       684       4.00       3,937       5.68       3,959       5.68       755       5.32  
Collateralized debt obligations
    3,725       1.70       2       5.53       492       4.48       1,837       1.56       1,394       0.90  
Other
    15,879       4.22       2,128       5.62       7,762       5.96       697       2.46       5,292       1.33  
                                                                   
Total debt securities at
fair value
  $ 167,118       5.33 %   $ 3,452       4.63 %   $ 13,799       5.64 %   $ 9,463       4.51 %   $ 140,404       5.37 %
         
   

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Realized Gains and Losses
The following table shows the gross realized gains and losses on sales from the securities available-for-sale portfolio, which includes marketable equity securities, but does not include nonmarketable equity securities (see Note 6 — Other Assets).
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   

                               
Gross realized gains
  $ 71       378       515       1,088  
Gross realized losses
    (3 )     (23 )     (21 )     (94 )
Write-downs
    (145 )     (277 )     (357 )     (924 )
   
Net realized gains (losses)
  $ (77 )     78       137       70  
   
   
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
The following table shows the detail of OTTI write-downs included in earnings for debt securities and marketable and nonmarketable equity securities.
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30,  
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
OTTI write-downs included in earnings
                               
Debt securities:
                               
U.S. states and political subdivisions
  $ 8       1       16       6  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
Federal agencies
    14             14        
Residential
    56       134       132       526  
Commercial
    50       67       105       78  
Corporate debt securities
    5       5       10       58  
Collateralized debt obligations
    1       25       12       121  
Other debt securities
    10       41       53       61  
   
Total debt securities
    144       273       342       850  
   
Equity securities:
                               
Marketable equity securities:
                               
Perpetual preferred securities
    1       2       15       47  
Other marketable equity securities
          2             27  
   
Total marketable equity securities
    1       4       15       74  
   
Total securities available for sale
    145       277       357       924  
   
Nonmarketable equity securities
    34       119       187       451  
   
Total OTTI write-downs included in earnings
  $ 179       396       544       1,375  
   
   

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Other-Than-Temporarily Impaired Debt Securities
We recognize OTTI for debt securities classified as available for sale in accordance with FASB ASC 320, Investments — Debt and Equity Securities, which requires that we assess whether we intend to sell or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current-period credit losses. For debt securities that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that we do not intend to sell and will not be required to sell prior to recovery of our amortized cost basis, we separate the amount of the impairment into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows discounted at the security’s effective yield. The remaining difference between the security’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is due to factors that are not credit related and, therefore, is not required to be recognized as losses in the income statement, but is recognized in OCI. We believe that we will fully collect the carrying value of securities on which we have recorded a non-credit-related impairment in OCI.
The following table shows the detail of OTTI write-downs on debt securities available for sale included in earnings and the related changes in OCI for the same securities.
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
OTTI on debt securities
                               
Recorded as part of gross realized losses:
                               
Credit-related OTTI
  $ 129       251       324       821  
Securities we intend to sell
    15       22       18       29  
   
Total recorded as part of gross realized losses
    144       273       342       850  
   
Recorded directly to OCI for non-credit-related impairment:
                               
U.S. states and political subdivisions
    1             (4 )     4  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    (160 )     75       (258 )     997  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    69       (1 )     151       20  
Corporate debt securities
    (1 )           (1 )     (2 )
Collateralized debt obligations
          (18 )     56       12  
Other debt securities
    (3 )     (15 )     (33 )     8  
   
Total recorded directly to OCI for non-
credit-related impairment (1)
    (94 )     41       (89 )     1,039  
   
Total OTTI on debt securities
  $ 50       314       253       1,889  
   
   
(1)   Represents amounts recorded to OCI on debt securities in periods OTTI write-downs have occurred. Changes in fair value in subsequent periods on such securities are not reflected in this total unless the securities also had a credit impairment charge to income recorded for the subsequent period.

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The following table presents a roll-forward of the credit loss component recognized in earnings for debt securities we still own (referred to as “credit-impaired” debt securities). The credit loss component of the amortized cost represents the difference between the present value of expected future cash flows and the amortized cost basis of the security prior to considering credit losses. OTTI recognized in earnings for credit-impaired debt securities is presented as additions in two components based upon whether the current period is the first time the debt security was credit-impaired (initial credit impairment) or is not the first time the debt security was credit impaired (subsequent credit impairments). The credit loss component is reduced if we sell, intend to sell or believe we will be required to sell previously credit-impaired debt securities. Additionally, the credit loss component is reduced if we receive or expect to receive cash flows in excess of what we previously expected to receive over the remaining life of the credit-impaired debt security, the security matures or is fully written down.
Changes in the credit loss component of credit-impaired debt securities that we do not intend to sell were:
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Credit loss component, beginning of period
  $ 1,049       1,012       1,187       471  
Additions:
                               
Initial credit impairments
    42       124       101       537  
Subsequent credit impairments
    87       127       223       284  
   
Total additions
    129       251       324       821  
   
Reductions:
                               
For securities sold
    (105 )     (8 )     (181 )     (31 )
For securities derecognized resulting from adoption of
consolidation accounting guidance
                (242 )      
Due to change in intent to sell or requirement to sell
                (2 )     (1 )
For increases in expected cash flows
    (11 )           (24 )     (5 )
   
Total reductions
    (116 )     (8 )     (449 )     (37 )
   
Credit loss component, end of period
  $ 1,062       1,255       1,062       1,255  
   
   

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For asset-backed securities (e.g., residential MBS), we estimated expected future cash flows of the security by estimating the expected future cash flows of the underlying collateral and applying those collateral cash flows, together with any credit enhancements such as subordinated interests owned by third parties, to the security. The expected future cash flows of the underlying collateral are determined using the remaining contractual cash flows adjusted for future expected credit losses (which consider current delinquencies and nonperforming assets, future expected default rates and collateral value by vintage and geographic region) and prepayments. The expected cash flows of the security are then discounted at the interest rate used to recognize interest income on the security to arrive at a present value amount. Total credit impairment losses on residential MBS that we do not intend to sell are shown in the table below. The table also presents a summary of the significant inputs considered in determining the measurement of the credit loss component recognized in earnings for residential MBS.
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
($ in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Credit impairment losses on residential MBS
                               
Investment grade
  $       5             21  
Non-investment grade
    55       129       131       501  
   
Total credit impairment losses on residential MBS
  $ 55       134       131       522 (1)
   

Significant inputs (non-agency — non-investment grade MBS)

                               
Expected remaining life of loan losses (2):
                               
Range (3)
    3 - 39 %     0 - 57       1 - 40       0 - 58  
Credit impairment distribution (4):
                               
0 - 10% range
    64       50       58       54  
10 - 20% range
    35       9       23       28  
20 - 30% range
    0       23       16       13  
Greater than 30%
    1       18       3       5  
Weighted average (5)
    9       12       9       12  
Current subordination levels (6):
                               
Range (3)
    0 - 23       0 - 44       0 - 25       0 - 44  
Weighted average (5)
    7       9       7       8  
Prepayment speed (annual CPR (7)):
                               
Range (3)
    3 - 27       5 - 18       3 - 27       5 - 25  
Weighted average (5)
    21       11       13       11  
   
(1)   Prior period amounts have been restated to conform to current presentation.
(2)   Represents future expected credit losses on underlying pool of loans expressed as a percentage of total current outstanding loan balance.
(3)   Represents the range of inputs/assumptions based upon the individual securities within each category.
(4)   Represents distribution of credit impairment losses recognized in earnings categorized based on range of expected remaining life of loan losses. For example 64% of credit impairment losses recognized in earnings for the quarter ended September 30, 2010, had expected remaining life of loan loss assumptions of 0 to 10%.
(5)   Calculated by weighting the relevant input/assumption for each individual security by current outstanding amortized cost basis of the security.
(6)   Represents current level of credit protection (subordination) for the securities, expressed as a percentage of total current underlying loan balance.
(7)   Constant prepayment rate.

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5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
The following table presents the major categories of loans outstanding including those subject to accounting guidance for PCI loans. Certain loans acquired in the Wachovia acquisition are accounted for as PCI loans and are included below, net of any remaining purchase accounting adjustments. Outstanding balances of all other loans are presented net of unearned income, net deferred loan fees, and unamortized discounts and premiums totaling a net reduction of $11.7 billion at September 30, 2010, and $14.6 billion at December 31, 2009.
                                                 
 
    Sept. 30, 2010     Dec. 31, 2009  
            All                     All        
    PCI     other             PCI     other        
(in millions)   loans     loans     Total     loans     loans     Total  
   
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                                               
Commercial
  $ 987       146,334       147,321       1,911       156,441       158,352  
Real estate mortgage
    3,118       95,637       98,755       4,137       93,390       97,527  
Real estate construction
    3,549       24,362       27,911       5,207       31,771       36,978  
Lease financing
          12,993       12,993             14,210       14,210  
   
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    7,654       279,326       286,980       11,255       295,812       307,067  
   
Consumer:
                                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage
    34,432       193,649       228,081       38,386       191,150       229,536  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    262       98,798       99,060       331       103,377       103,708  
Credit card
          21,890       21,890             24,003       24,003  
Other revolving credit and installment
          87,962       87,962             89,058       89,058  
   
Total consumer
    34,694       402,299       436,993       38,717       407,588       446,305  
   
Foreign
    1,498       28,193       29,691       1,733       27,665       29,398  
   
Total loans
  $ 43,846       709,818       753,664       51,705       731,065       782,770  
   
   
We pledge loans to secure borrowings from the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank as part of our liquidity management strategy. Loans pledged where the secured party does not have the right to sell or repledge totaled $296.7 billion at September 30, 2010, and $312.6 billion at December 31, 2009. We did not have any pledged loans where the secured party has the right to sell or repledge for the same respective periods.
The total allowance reflects management’s estimate of credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. We consider the allowance for credit losses of $24.4 billion adequate to cover credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio, including unfunded credit commitments, at September 30, 2010.

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The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments. Changes in the allowance for credit losses were:
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 25,085       23,530       25,031       21,711  
Provision for credit losses
    3,445       6,111       12,764       15,755  
Adjustment for passage of time on certain impaired loans (1)
    (67 )           (203 )      
Loan charge-offs:
                               
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                               
Commercial
    (588 )     (986 )     (2,165 )     (2,337 )
Real estate mortgage
    (236 )     (190 )     (881 )     (344 )
Real estate construction
    (296 )     (279 )     (990 )     (649 )
Lease financing
    (29 )     (88 )     (94 )     (173 )
   
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    (1,149 )     (1,543 )     (4,130 )     (3,503 )
   
Consumer:
                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage
    (1,164 )     (1,015 )     (3,701 )     (2,229 )
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    (1,140 )     (1,340 )     (3,875 )     (3,428 )
Credit card
    (556 )     (691 )     (1,891 )     (2,025 )
Other revolving credit and installment
    (572 )     (860 )     (1,864 )     (2,562 )
   
Total consumer
    (3,432 )     (3,906 )     (11,331 )     (10,244 )
   
Foreign
    (49 )     (71 )     (148 )     (181 )
   
Total loan charge-offs
    (4,630 )     (5,520 )     (15,609 )     (13,928 )
   
Loan recoveries:
                               
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                               
Commercial
    79       62       317       153  
Real estate mortgage
    18       6       32       22  
Real estate construction
    20       5       82       11  
Lease financing
    6       6       15       13  
   
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    123       79       446       199  
   
Consumer:
                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage
    130       49       347       114  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    55       49       157       119  
Credit card
    52       43       165       131  
Other revolving credit and installment
    165       178       549       580  
   
Total consumer
    402       319       1,218       944  
   
Foreign
    10       11       31       30  
   
Total loan recoveries
    535       409       1,695       1,173  
   
Net loan charge-offs (2)
    (4,095 )     (5,111 )     (13,914 )     (12,755 )
   
Allowances related to business combinations/other (3)
    4       (2 )     694       (183 )
   
Balance, end of period
  $ 24,372       24,528       24,372       24,528  
   
Components:
                               
Allowance for loan losses
  $ 23,939       24,028       23,939       24,028  
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments
    433       500       433       500  
   
Allowance for credit losses
  $ 24,372       24,528       24,372       24,528  
   
Net loan charge-offs (annualized) as a percentage of average
total loans (2)
    2.14 %     2.50       2.40       2.05  
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans (4)
    3.18       3.00       3.18       3.00  
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans (4)
    3.23       3.07       3.23       3.07  
   
(1)   Certain impaired loans have a valuation allowance determined by discounting expected cash flows at the respective loan’s effective interest rate. Accordingly, the valuation allowance for these impaired loans reduces with the passage of time and that reduction is recognized as interest income.
(2)   For PCI loans, charge-offs are only recorded to the extent that losses exceed the purchase accounting estimates.
(3)   Includes $693 million related to the adoption of consolidation accounting guidance on January 1, 2010.
(4)   The allowance for credit losses includes $379 million and $233 million at September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, related to PCI loans acquired from Wachovia. Loans acquired from Wachovia are included in total loans net of related purchase accounting net write-downs.

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Nonaccrual loans were $28.3 billion at September 30, 2010, and $24.4 billion at December 31, 2009. PCI loans have been classified as accruing. Loans 90 days or more past due as to interest or principal and still accruing interest were $18.8 billion at September 30, 2010, and $22.2 billion at December 31, 2009. The balances included $14.5 billion and $15.3 billion, respectively, in advances pursuant to our servicing agreements to the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) mortgage pools and similar loans whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Impaired Loans and Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs)
We consider a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will not be able to collect all principal and/or interest amounts as scheduled in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. FASB ASC 310-10-35 (formerly FAS No. 114) impaired loan accounting guidance requires loan-specific impairment assessment for larger-balance impaired loans and all TDRs, both accruing and nonaccruing. The table below summarizes the recorded investment and related allowance information for all impaired loans that are subject to ASC 310-10-35 assessment and disclosures. In accordance with that accounting guidance, we determine the allowance for loans that are individually deemed to be impaired, based on cash flows estimated for their life, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or on the value of the underlying collateral if we determine that collateral will be the sole source of repayment (collateral-dependent). Impaired loans will not have a related allowance for credit losses if the collateral value or the present value of expected cash flows (discounted at the pre-modification rate) exceed the recorded investment. The following table does not include PCI loans as those loans are subject to different accounting and reporting requirements.
                                                 
 
    Recorded investment        
                    Impaired loans with        
                    related allowance for     Related allowance  
    Impaired loans     credit losses     for credit losses  
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009(1)     2010     2009(1)     2010     2009(1)  
   
Commercial and commercial real estate
  $ 12,476       10,562       10,540       9,666       2,346       1,502  
Consumer
    13,191       8,268       13,191       8,268       3,402       1,765  
   
Total
  $ 25,667       18,830       23,731       17,934       5,748       3,267  
   
   
(1)   Balances have been revised to conform with current period presentation.
The average recorded investment in impaired loans was $23.8 billion and $22.0 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2010, respectively. Included in total impaired loans above are $279 million at September 30, 2010, and $561 million at December 31, 2009, of collateral-dependent loans for which the impairment measurement is based on the underlying collateral value.
The following table presents interest income recognized on impaired loans after impairment.
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Cash basis of accounting
  $ 95       34       196       85  
Other (1)
    113       22       362       73  
   
Total
  $ 208       56       558       158  
   
   
(1)   Includes interest recognized on accruing TDRs and interest recognized related to the passage of time on certain impaired loans. See Footnote 1 to the table of changes in the allowance for credit losses.

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Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans
PCI loans had an unpaid principal balance of $68.8 billion at September 30, 2010, and $83.6 billion at December 31, 2009, and a carrying value, before the deduction of any related allowance for loan losses, of $43.8 billion and $51.7 billion, respectively.
The excess of cash flows expected to be collected over the carrying value of PCI loans is referred to as the accretable yield and is accreted into interest income over the estimated lives of the PCI loans using the effective yield method. The accretable yield is affected by:
  Changes in interest rate indices for variable rate PCI loans — Expected future cash flows are based on the variable rates in effect at the time of the quarterly assessment of expected cash flows;
  Changes in prepayment assumptions — Prepayments affect the estimated life of PCI loans which may change the amount of interest income, and possibly principal, expected to be collected; and
  Changes in the expected principal and interest payments over the estimated life — These changes in expected cash flows are driven by updates to the credit outlook and actions taken with our borrowers. Expected benefits from loan modifications are included in the quarterly assessment of expected future cash flows.
The change in the accretable yield related to PCI loans is presented in the following table.
         
 
(in millions)        
   
Total, December 31, 2008 (refined)
  $ 10,447  
Accretion
    (2,606 )
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference for loans with improving cash flows
    441  
Changes in expected cash flows that do not affect nonaccretable difference (1)
    6,277  
   
Total, December 31, 2009
    14,559  
Accretion
    (1,857 )
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference for loans with improving cash flows
    3,234  
Changes in expected cash flows that do not affect nonaccretable difference (1)
    743  
   
Total, September 30, 2010
  $ 16,679  
   

       
   
Total, June 30, 2010
  $ 15,085  
Accretion
    (528 )
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference for loans with improving cash flows
    639  
Changes in expected cash flows that do not affect nonaccretable difference (1)
    1,483  
   
Total, September 30, 2010
  $ 16,679  
   
   
(1)   Represents changes in interest cash flows due to the impact of modifications incorporated into the quarterly assessment of expected future cash flows and/or changes in interest rates on variable rate PCI loans.

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When it is estimated that the expected cash flows have decreased subsequent to acquisition for a PCI loan or pool of loans, an allowance is established and a provision for additional loss is recorded as a charge to income. The following table summarizes the changes in allowance for PCI loan losses.
                                 
 
    Commercial ,                    
    CRE and             Other        
(in millions)   foreign     Pick-a-Pay     consumer     Total  
   
Balance, December 31, 2008
  $                    
Provision for losses due to credit deterioration
    850             3       853  
Charge-offs
    (520 )                 (520 )
   
Balance, December 31, 2009
    330             3       333  
Provision for losses due to credit deterioration
    715             35       750  
Charge-offs
    (683 )           (21 )     (704 )
   
Balance, September 30, 2010
  $ 362             17       379  
   

                               
   
Balance, June 30, 2010
  $ 206             19       225  
Provision for losses due to credit deterioration
    339             9       348  
Charge-offs
    (183 )           (11 )     (194 )
   
Balance, September 30, 2010
  $ 362             17       379  
   
   

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6. OTHER ASSETS
The components of other assets were:
                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009  
   
Nonmarketable equity investments:
               
Cost method:
               
Private equity investments
  $ 2,995       3,808  
Federal bank stock
    5,511       5,985  
   
Total cost method
    8,506       9,793  
Equity method
    7,234       5,138  
Principal investments (1)
    345       1,423  
   
Total nonmarketable equity investments
    16,085       16,354  

Corporate/bank-owned life insurance

    19,770       19,515  
Accounts receivable
    19,807       20,565  
Interest receivable
    5,175       5,946  
Core deposit intangibles
    9,370       10,774  
Customer relationship and other amortized intangibles
    1,931       2,154  
Net deferred tax assets
          3,212  
Foreclosed assets:
               
GNMA loans (2)
    1,492       960  
Other
    4,635       2,199  
Operating lease assets
    1,977       2,395  
Due from customers on acceptances
    308       810  
Other
    16,658       19,296  
   
Total other assets
  $ 97,208       104,180  
   
   
(1)   Principal investments are recorded at fair value with realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in net gains (losses) from equity investments in the income statement.
(2)   Consistent with regulatory reporting requirements, foreclosed assets include foreclosed real estate securing GNMA loans. Both principal and interest for GNMA loans secured by the foreclosed real estate are collectible because the GNMA loans are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.
Income related to nonmarketable equity investments was:
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Net gains (losses) from:
                               
Private equity investments
  $ 90       (95 )     244       (386 )
Principal investments
    4       6       25       (9 )
All other nonmarketable equity investments
    (86 )     (37 )     (124 )     (180 )
   
Net gains (losses) from nonmarketable equity investments
  $ 8       (126 )     145       (575 )
   
   

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7. SECURITIZATIONS AND VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
Involvement with SPEs
In the normal course of business, we enter into various types of on- and off-balance sheet transactions with special purpose entities (SPEs), which are corporations, trusts or partnerships that are established for a limited purpose. Historically, the majority of SPEs were formed in connection with securitization transactions. In a securitization transaction, assets from our balance sheet are transferred to an SPE, which then issues to investors various forms of interests in those assets and may also enter into derivative transactions. In a securitization transaction, we typically receive cash and/or other interests in an SPE as proceeds for the assets we transfer. Also, in certain transactions, we may retain the right to service the transferred receivables and to repurchase those receivables from the SPE if the outstanding balance of the receivables falls to a level where the cost exceeds the benefits of servicing such receivables. In addition, we may purchase the right to service loans in an SPE that were transferred to the SPE by a third party.
In connection with our securitization activities, we have various forms of ongoing involvement with SPEs, which may include:
  underwriting securities issued by SPEs and subsequently making markets in those securities;
  providing liquidity facilities to support short-term obligations of SPEs issued to third party investors;
  providing credit enhancement on securities issued by SPEs or market value guarantees of assets held by SPEs through the use of letters of credit, financial guarantees, credit default swaps and total return swaps;
  entering into other derivative contracts with SPEs;
  holding senior or subordinated interests in SPEs;
  acting as servicer or investment manager for SPEs; and
  providing administrative or trustee services to SPEs.
SPEs are generally considered variable interest entities (VIEs). A VIE is an entity that has either a total equity investment that is insufficient to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or whose equity investors lack the ability to control the entity’s activities. Under existing accounting guidance, a VIE is consolidated by its primary beneficiary, the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE and a variable interest that could potentially be significant to the VIE. A variable interest is a contractual, ownership or other interest that changes with changes in the fair value of the VIE’s net assets. To determine whether or not a variable interest we hold could potentially be significant to the VIE, we consider both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size and form of our involvement with the VIE. In accordance with existing accounting guidance, we assess whether or not we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE on an on-going basis.
We have segregated our involvement with VIEs between those VIEs which we consolidate, those which we do not consolidate and transfers of financial assets that are accounted for as secured borrowings. Secured borrowings are transactions involving transfers of our financial assets to third parties that are accounted for as financings with the assets pledged as collateral. Accordingly, the transferred assets remain recognized on our balance sheet. Subsequent tables within this Note further segregate these transactions by structure type.

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The classifications of assets and liabilities in our balance sheet associated with our transactions with VIEs follow:
                                 
 
                    Transfers that        
    VIEs that we     VIEs     we account        
    do not     that we     for as secured        
(in millions)   consolidate     consolidate     borrowings     Total  
   

September 30, 2010

                               
Cash
  $       150       537       687  
Trading assets
    5,444       95       32       5,571  
Securities available for sale (1)
    27,312       2,735       7,721       37,768  
Loans
    12,346       18,646       1,541       32,533  
Mortgage servicing rights
    11,405                   11,405  
Other assets
    3,481       1,541       92       5,114  
   
Total assets
    59,988       23,167       9,923       93,078  
   
Short-term borrowings
          4,717 (2)     6,985       11,702  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    3,266       614 (2)     14       3,894  
Long-term debt
          8,928 (2)     1,750       10,678  
   
Total liabilities
    3,266       14,259       8,749       26,274  
   
Noncontrolling interests
          40             40  
   
Net assets
  $ 56,722       8,868       1,174       66,764  
   

December 31, 2009

                               
Cash
  $       273       328       601  
Trading assets
    6,097       77       35       6,209  
Securities available for sale (1)
    35,186       1,794       7,126       44,106  
Loans
    15,698       561       2,007       18,266  
Mortgage servicing rights
    16,233                   16,233  
Other assets
    5,604       2,595       68       8,267  
   
Total assets
    78,818       5,300       9,564       93,682  
   
Short-term borrowings
          351       1,996       2,347  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    3,352       708       4,864       8,924  
Long-term debt
          1,448       1,938       3,386  
   
Total liabilities
    3,352       2,507       8,798       14,657  
   
Noncontrolling interests
          68             68  
   
Net assets
  $ 75,466       2,725       766       78,957  
   
   
(1)   Excludes certain debt securities related to loans serviced for the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC) and GNMA.
(2)   Includes the following VIE liabilities at September 30, 2010, with recourse to the general credit of Wells Fargo: Short-term borrowings, $4.7 billion; Accrued expenses and other liabilities, $552 million; and Long-term debt, $77 million.
Transactions with Unconsolidated VIEs
Our transactions with VIEs include securitizations of consumer loans, commercial real estate (CRE) loans, student loans, auto loans and municipal bonds; investment and financing activities involving CDOs backed by asset-backed and CRE securities, collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) backed by corporate loans or bonds, and other types of structured financing. We have various forms of involvement with VIEs, including holding senior or subordinated interests, entering into liquidity arrangements, credit default swaps and other derivative contracts. These involvements with unconsolidated VIEs are recorded on our balance sheet primarily in trading assets, securities available for sale, loans, MSRs, other assets and other liabilities, as appropriate.
The following tables provide a summary of unconsolidated VIEs with which we have significant continuing involvement, but are not the primary beneficiary. The balances presented for September 30, 2010, represent our unconsolidated VIEs for which we consider our involvement to be significant. The balances presented for December 31, 2009, include unconsolidated VIEs with which we have continuing

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involvement that we no longer consider significant. Accordingly, we have excluded these transactions from the balances presented for September 30, 2010. We have refined our definition of significant continuing involvement in accordance with consolidation accounting guidance to exclude unconsolidated VIEs when our continuing involvement relates to third-party sponsored VIEs for which we were not the transferor, and unconsolidated VIEs for which we were the sponsor but do not have any other significant continuing involvement.
Significant continuing involvement includes transactions where we were the sponsor or transferor and have other significant forms of involvement. Sponsorship includes transactions with unconsolidated VIEs where we solely or materially participated in the initial design or structuring of the entity or marketing of the transaction to investors. When we transfer assets to a VIE and account for the transfer as a sale, we are considered the transferor. We consider investments in securities held outside of trading, loans, guarantees, liquidity agreements, written options and servicing of collateral to be other forms of involvement that may be significant. We have excluded certain transactions with unconsolidated VIEs from the September 30, 2010, balances presented in the table below where we have determined that our continuing involvement is not significant due to the temporary nature and size of our variable interests, because we were not the transferor or because we were not involved in the design or operations of the unconsolidated VIEs.
                                                 
 
                                    Other        
    Total     Debt and                     commitments        
    VIE     equity     Servicing             and     Net  
(in millions)   assets     interests (1)     assets     Derivatives     guarantees     assets  
   
September 30, 2010
                                               
            Carrying value — asset (liability)
             

Residential mortgage loan securitizations:

                                               
Conforming
  $ 1,092,762       5,065       10,297             (1,020 )     14,342  
Other/nonconforming
    86,811       3,737       457       3       (4 )     4,193  
Commercial mortgage securitizations
    206,098       5,559       606       392             6,557  
Collateralized debt obligations:
                                               
Debt securities
    21,252       1,472             1,090             2,562  
Loans (2)
    10,010       9,761                         9,761  
Asset-based finance structures
    14,451       8,759             (125 )           8,634  
Tax credit structures
    20,219       3,210                   (826 )     2,384  
Collateralized loan obligations
    14,507       2,897             65             2,962  
Investment funds
    13,278       1,404                         1,404  
Other (3)
    19,095       3,362       45       520       (4 )     3,923  
   
Total
  $ 1,498,483       45,226       11,405       1,945       (1,854 )     56,722  
   
           

Maximum exposure to loss

             

Residential mortgage loan securitizations:

                                               
Conforming
          $ 5,065       10,297             4,145       19,507  
Other/nonconforming
            3,737       457       3       10       4,207  
Commercial mortgage securitizations
            5,559       606       634             6,799  
Collateralized debt obligation:
                                               
Debt securities
            1,472             3,151       11       4,634  
Loans (2)
            9,761                         9,761  
Asset-based finance structures
            8,759             125       1,966       10,850  
Tax credit structures
            3,210                   1       3,211  
Collateralized loan obligations
            2,897             65       499       3,461  
Investment funds
            1,404                   97       1,501  
Other (3)
            3,362       45       1,251       861       5,519  
   
Total
          $ 45,226       11,405       5,229       7,590       69,450  
   
   
(continued on following page)

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(continued from previous page)
                                                 
 
                                    Other        
    Total     Debt and                     commitments        
    VIE     equity     Servicing             and     Net  
(in millions)   assets     interests (1)     assets     Derivatives     guarantees     assets  
   
December 31, 2009
                                               

 

          Carrying value — asset (liability)
             
Residential mortgage loan securitizations (4):
                                               
Conforming
  $ 1,150,515       5,846       13,949             (869 )     18,926  
Other/nonconforming
    251,850       11,683       1,538       16       (15 )     13,222  
Commercial mortgage securitizations
    345,561       3,760       696       489             4,945  
Collateralized debt obligations:
                                               
Debt securities
    45,684       3,024             1,746             4,770  
Loans (2)
    10,215       9,964                         9,964  
Multi-seller commercial paper conduit (5)
    5,160                                
Asset-based finance structures
    17,467       10,187             (72 )     (248 )     9,867  
Tax credit structures
    27,537       4,659                   (653 )     4,006  
Collateralized loan obligations
    23,830       3,602             64             3,666  
Investment funds
    84,642       1,831                   (129 )     1,702  
Other (3)
    23,538       3,626       50       1,015       (293 )     4,398  
   
Total
  $ 1,985,999       58,182       16,233       3,258       (2,207 )     75,466  
   

 

          Maximum exposure to loss
             
Residential mortgage loan securitizations (4):
                                               
Conforming
          $ 5,846       13,949             4,567       24,362  
Other/nonconforming
            11,683       1,538       30       218       13,469  
Commercial mortgage securitizations
            3,760       696       766             5,222  
Collateralized debt obligations:
                                               
Debt securities
            3,024             3,586       33       6,643  
Loans (2)
            9,964                         9,964  
Multi-seller commercial paper conduit
                        5,263             5,263  
Asset-based finance structures
            10,187             72       968       11,227  
Tax credit structures
            4,659                   4       4,663  
Collateralized loan obligations
            3,702             64       473       4,239  
Investment funds
            2,331             500       89       2,920  
Other (3)
            3,626       50       1,818       1,774       7,268  
   
Total
          $ 58,782       16,233       12,099       8,126       95,240  
   
   
(1)   Excludes certain debt securities held related to loans serviced for FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA.
(2)   Represents senior loans to trusts that are collateralized by asset-backed securities. The trusts invest primarily in senior tranches from a diversified pool of primarily U.S. asset securitizations, of which all are current, and over 92% were rated as investment grade by the primary rating agencies at September 30, 2010. These senior loans were acquired in the Wachovia business combination and are accounted for at amortized cost as initially determined under purchase accounting and are subject to the Company’s allowance and credit charge-off policies.
(3)   Includes student loan securitizations, auto loan securitizations and credit-linked note structures. Also contains investments in auction rate securities (ARS) issued by VIEs that we do not sponsor and, accordingly, are unable to obtain the total assets of the entity.
(4)   Total VIE assets at December 31, 2009, includes $20.9 billion of nonconforming residential mortgage securitizations that were consolidated in first quarter 2010.
(5)   The multi-seller commercial paper conduit was consolidated in first quarter 2010.
In the two preceding tables, “Total VIE assets” represents the remaining principal balance of assets held by unconsolidated VIEs using the most current information available. For VIEs that obtain exposure to assets synthetically through derivative instruments, the remaining notional amount of the derivative is included in the asset balance. “Carrying value” is the amount in our consolidated balance sheet related to our involvement with the unconsolidated VIEs. “Maximum exposure to loss” from our involvement with off-balance sheet entities, which is a required disclosure under GAAP, is determined as the carrying value of our involvement with off-balance sheet (unconsolidated) VIEs plus the remaining undrawn liquidity and lending commitments, the notional amount of net written derivative contracts, and generally the notional amount of, or stressed loss estimate for, other commitments and guarantees. It represents estimated loss that would be incurred under severe, hypothetical circumstances, for which we believe the possibility is extremely remote, such as where the value of our interests and any associated collateral declines to zero, without any consideration of recovery or offset from any economic hedges. Accordingly, this required disclosure is not an indication of expected loss.

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Residential mortgage loans
Residential mortgage loan securitizations are financed through the issuance of fixed- or floating-rate-asset-backed-securities, which are collateralized by the loans transferred to a VIE. We typically transfer loans we originated to these VIEs, account for the transfers as sales, retain the right to service the loans and may hold other beneficial interests issued by the VIEs. We also may be exposed to limited liability related to recourse agreements and repurchase agreements we make to our issuers and purchasers, which are included in other commitments and guarantees. In certain instances, we may service residential mortgage loan securitizations structured by third parties whose loans we did not originate or transfer. Our residential mortgage loan securitizations consist of conforming and nonconforming securitizations.
Conforming residential mortgage loan securitizations are those that are guaranteed by GSEs, including GNMA. We do not consolidate our conforming residential mortgage loan securitizations because we do not have power over the VIEs.
The loans sold to the VIEs in nonconforming residential mortgage loan securitizations are those that do not qualify for a GSE guarantee. We do not consolidate the nonconforming residential mortgage loan securitizations included in the table because we do not have a variable interest that could potentially be significant or we do not have power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the VIE.
Other commitments and guarantees include amounts related to loans sold that we may be required to repurchase, or otherwise indemnify or reimburse the investor or insurer for losses incurred, due to material breach of contractual representations and warranties. The maximum exposure to loss for material breach of contractual representations and warranties represents a stressed case estimate we utilize for determining stressed case regulatory capital needs.
Commercial mortgage loan securitizations
Commercial mortgage loan securitizations are financed through the issuance of fixed- or floating-rate-asset-backed-securities, which are collateralized by the loans transferred to the VIE. In a typical securitization, we may transfer loans we originate to these VIEs, account for the transfers as sales, retain the right to service the loans and may hold other beneficial interests issued by the VIEs. In certain instances, we may service commercial mortgage loan securitizations structured by third parties whose loans we did not originate or transfer. We typically serve as primary or master servicer of these VIEs. The primary or master servicer in a commercial mortgage loan securitization typically cannot make the most significant decisions impacting the performance of the VIE and therefore does not have power over the VIE. We do not consolidate the commercial mortgage loan securitizations included in the disclosure because we either do not have power or do not have a significant variable interest.
Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)
A CDO is a securitization where an SPE purchases a pool of assets consisting of asset-backed securities and issues multiple tranches of equity or notes to investors. In some transactions, a portion of the assets are obtained synthetically through the use of derivatives such as credit default swaps or total return swaps.
Prior to 2008, we engaged in the structuring of CDOs on behalf of third party asset managers who would select and manage the assets for the CDO. Typically, the asset manager has some discretion to manage the sale of assets of, or derivatives used by the CDO, which generally gives the asset manager the power over the CDO. We have not structured these types of transactions since the credit market disruption began in late 2007.

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In addition to our role as arranger we may have other forms of involvement with these transactions, including transactions established prior to 2008. Such involvement may include acting as liquidity provider, derivative counterparty, secondary market maker or investor. For certain transactions, we may also act as the collateral manager or servicer. We receive fees in connection with our role as collateral manager or servicer.
We assess whether we are the primary beneficiary of CDOs based on our role in the transaction in combination with the variable interests we hold. Subsequently, we monitor our ongoing involvement in these transactions to determine if the nature of our involvement has changed. We are not the primary beneficiary of these transactions in most cases because we do not act as the collateral manager or servicer, which generally denotes power. In cases where we are the collateral manager or servicer, we are not the primary beneficiary because we do not hold interests that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs)
A CLO is a securitization where an SPE purchases a pool of assets consisting of loans and issues multiple tranches of equity or notes to investors. Generally, CLOs are structured on behalf of a third party asset manager that typically selects and manages the assets for the term of the CLO. Typically, the asset manager has the power over the significant decisions of the VIE through its discretion to manage the assets of the CLO. We assess whether we are the primary beneficiary of CLOs based on our role in the transaction and the variable interests we hold. In most cases, we are not the primary beneficiary of these transactions because we do not have the power to manage the collateral in the VIE.
In addition to our role as arranger, we may have other forms of involvement with these transactions. Such involvement may include acting as underwriter, derivative counterparty, secondary market maker or investor. For certain transactions, we may also act as the servicer, for which we receive fees in connection with that role. We also earn fees for arranging these transactions and distributing the securities.
Asset-based finance structures
We engage in various forms of structured finance arrangements with VIEs that are collateralized by various asset classes including energy contracts, auto and other transportation leases, intellectual property, equipment and general corporate credit. We typically provide senior financing, and may act as an interest rate swap or commodity derivative counterparty when necessary. In most cases, we are not the primary beneficiary of these structures because we do not have power over the significant activities of the VIEs involved in these transactions.
For example, we had investments in asset-backed securities that were collateralized by auto leases or loans and cash reserves. These fixed-rate and variable-rate securities have been structured as single-tranche, fully amortizing, unrated bonds that are equivalent to investment-grade securities due to their significant overcollateralization. The securities are issued by SPEs that have been formed by third party auto financing institutions primarily because they require a source of liquidity to fund ongoing vehicle sales operations. The third party auto financing institutions manage the collateral in the VIEs, which is indicative of power in these transactions and we therefore do not consolidate these VIEs.

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Tax credit structures
We co-sponsor and make investments in affordable housing and sustainable energy projects that are designed to generate a return primarily through the realization of federal tax credits. In some instances, our investments in these structures may require that we fund future capital commitments at the discretion of the project sponsors. While the size of our investment in a single entity may at times exceed 50% of the outstanding equity interests, we do not consolidate these structures due to the project sponsor’s ability to manage the projects, which is indicative of power in these transactions.
Investment funds
At September 30, 2010, we had investments of $1.4 billion and lending arrangements of $15 million with certain funds managed by one of our majority owned subsidiaries compared with investments of $1.3 billion and lending arrangements of $20 million at December 31, 2009. In addition, we also provide a default protection agreement to a third party lender to one of these funds. Our involvement in these funds is either senior or of equal priority to third party investors. We do not consolidate the investment funds because we do not absorb the majority of the expected future variability associated with the funds’ assets, including variability associated with credit, interest rate and liquidity risks.
Other transactions with VIEs
In August 2008, Wachovia reached an agreement to purchase at par auction rate securities (ARS) that were sold to third-party investors by certain of its subsidiaries. ARS are debt instruments with long-term maturities, but which re-price more frequently. All remaining ARS issued by VIEs subject to the agreement were redeemed. At September 30, 2010, we held in our securities available-for-sale portfolio $1.7 billion of ARS issued by VIEs redeemed pursuant to this agreement, compared with $3.2 billion at December 31, 2009.
On November 18, 2009, we reached agreements to purchase additional ARS from eligible investors who bought ARS through one of our broker-dealer subsidiaries. All remaining ARS issued by VIEs subject to the agreement were redeemed. As of September 30, 2010, we held in our securities available-for-sale portfolio $913 million of ARS issued by VIEs redeemed pursuant to this agreement. No securities had been redeemed related to this agreement at December 31, 2009.
We do not consolidate the VIEs that issued the ARS because we do not have power over the activities of the VIEs.
Trust preferred securities
In addition to the involvements disclosed in the preceding table, we had $18.9 billion of debt financing through the issuance of trust preferred securities at September 30, 2010. In these transactions, VIEs that we wholly own issue preferred equity or debt securities to third party investors. All of the proceeds of the issuance are invested in debt securities that we issue to the VIEs. In certain instances, we may provide liquidity to third party investors that purchase long-term securities that re-price frequently issued by VIEs. The VIEs’ operations and cash flows relate only to the issuance, administration and repayment of the securities held by third parties. We do not consolidate these VIEs because the sole assets of the VIEs are receivables from us. This is the case even though we own all of the voting equity shares of the VIEs, have fully guaranteed the obligations of the VIEs and may have the right to redeem the third party securities under certain circumstances. We report the debt securities that we issue to the VIEs as long-term debt in our consolidated balance sheet.

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Securitization Activity Related to Unconsolidated VIEs
We use VIEs to securitize consumer and CRE loans and other types of financial assets, including student loans, auto loans and municipal bonds. We typically retain the servicing rights from these sales and may continue to hold other beneficial interests in the VIEs. We may also provide liquidity to investors in the beneficial interests and credit enhancements in the form of standby letters of credit. Through these securitizations we may be exposed to liability under limited amounts of recourse as well as standard representations and warranties we make to purchasers and issuers.
We recognized net gains of $2 million and $10 million from transfers accounted for as sales of financial assets in securitizations in the third quarter and first nine months of 2010, respectively, and net gains of $4 million and net losses of $1 million, respectively, in the same periods of 2009. Additionally, we had the following cash flows with our securitization trusts that were involved in transfers accounted for as sales.
                                 
 
    2010     2009  
            Other             Other  
    Mortgage     financial     Mortgage     financial  
(in millions)   loans     assets     loans     assets  
   
Quarter ended September 30,
                               
Sales proceeds from securitizations (1)
  $ 96,843             103,033        
Servicing fees
    1,090       8       1,079       10  
Other interests held
    448       104       565       12  
Purchases of delinquent assets
    11             13        
Net servicing advances
    16             70        
   
Nine months ended September 30,
                               
Sales proceeds from securitizations (1)
  $ 260,600             304,378        
Servicing fees
    3,187       26       3,163       33  
Other interests held
    1,300       348       1,728       47  
Purchases of delinquent assets
    21             37        
Net servicing advances
    45             199        
   
(1)   Represents cash flow data for all loans securitized in the periods presented.
Sales with continuing involvement during the third quarter and the first nine months of 2010 predominantly related to conforming residential mortgage securitizations. During the third quarter and first nine months of 2010 we transferred $97.8 billion and $263.5 billion, respectively, in conforming residential mortgages to unconsolidated VIEs and recorded the transfers as sales. These transfers did not result in a gain or loss because the loans are already carried at fair value. In connection with these transfers, in the first nine months of 2010 we recorded a $3.0 billion servicing asset and a $109 million liability for repurchase reserves, which are both measured at fair value using a Level 3 measurement technique.
We used the following key assumptions to measure mortgage servicing assets at the date of securitization:
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
    2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Prepayment speed assumption (annual CPR(1))
    15.4 %     11.5       13.8       11.5  
Expected weighted-average life (in years)
    4.9       6.3       5.4       6.3  
Discount rate assumption
    7.9 %     8.3       8.1       8.7  
   
(1)   Constant prepayment rate.

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Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value to immediate adverse changes in those assumptions at September 30, 2010, for residential and commercial mortgage servicing rights, and other interests held related primarily to residential mortgage loan securitizations are presented in the following table. In the following table “Other interests held” exclude securities retained in securitizations issued through GSEs such as FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA because we do not believe the value of these securities would be materially affected by the adverse changes in assumptions noted in the table. Subordinated interests include only those bonds whose credit rating was below AAA by a major rating agency at issuance. Senior interests include only those bonds whose credit rating was AAA by a major rating agency at issuance. The information presented excludes trading positions held in inventory.
                                 
 
            Other interests held  
    Mortgage     Interest-              
    servicing     only     Subordinated     Senior  
(in millions)   rights     strips     bonds     bonds  
   
Fair value of interests held at September 30, 2010
  $ 13,834       240       47       473  
Expected weighted-average life (in years)
    4.5       4.5       8.8       3.7  
Prepayment speed assumption (annual CPR)
    15.8 %     12.3       4.1       22.2  
Decrease in fair value from:
                               
10% adverse change
  $ 808       8             2  
25% adverse change
    1,890       18             5  
Discount rate assumption
    8.0 %     17.4       7.1       6.6  
Decrease in fair value from:
                               
100 basis point increase
  $ 616       7       3       13  
200 basis point increase
    1,180       12       6       26  
Credit loss assumption
                    0.7 %     4.0  
Decrease in fair value from:
                               
10% higher losses
                  $       1  
25% higher losses
                          3  
   
In addition to the interests included in the table above, we have also recorded a liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses. The key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the liability to immediate adverse changes in these assumptions at September 30, 2010, are presented in the following table:
         
 
    Mortgage  
    repurchase  
(in millions)   liability  
   
Balance at September 30, 2010
  $ 1,331  
Credit loss assumption
    50.0 %
Increase in liability from:
       
10% higher losses
  $ 138  
25% higher losses
    345  
Repurchase rate assumption
    0.4 %
Increase in liability from:
       
10% higher repurchase rates
  $ 107  
25% higher repurchase rates
    267  
   
The sensitivities in the tables above are hypothetical and caution should be exercised when relying on this data. Changes in value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the value of the other interests held is calculated independently without changing any other assumptions. In reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in others (for example, changes in prepayment speed estimates could result in changes in the credit losses), which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities.

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The table below presents information about the principal balances of off-balance sheet securitized loans, including residential mortgages sold to FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA and securitizations where servicing is our only form of continuing involvement. Delinquent loans include loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest as well as nonaccrual loans. Delinquent loans and net charge-offs exclude loans sold to FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA. We continue to service those loans and would only experience a loss if required to repurchase a delinquent loan due to a breach in original representations and warranties associated with their required underwriting standards.
                                                 
 
                                    Net charge-offs  
                                    (recoveries)  
    Total loans     Delinquent loans     Nine months ended  
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,   Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                                               
Commercial
  $ 3       78             65              
Real estate mortgage
    215,281       221,516       17,795       7,208       470       58  
   
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    215,284       221,594       17,795       7,273       470       58  
   
Consumer:
                                               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage
    1,123,025       1,062,938       5,706       7,501       1,060       935  
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage
    3       3,292             76             16  
Other revolving credit and installment
    2,502       5,104       107       100             88  
   
Total consumer
    1,125,530       1,071,334       5,813       7,677       1,060       1,039  
   
Total off-balance sheet securitized loans
  $ 1,340,814       1,292,928     $ 23,608       14,950       1,530       1,097  
   
   

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Transactions with Consolidated VIEs and Secured Borrowings
The following table presents a summary of transfers of financial assets accounted for as secured borrowings and involvements with consolidated VIEs. “Consolidated assets” are presented using GAAP measurement methods, which may include fair value, credit impairment or other adjustments, and therefore in some instances will differ from “Total VIE assets.” On the consolidated balance sheet, we separately disclose the consolidated assets of certain VIEs that can only be used to settle the liabilities of those VIEs.
                                         
 
            Carrying value  
    Total             Third              
    VIE     Consolidated     party     Noncontrolling     Net  
(in millions)   assets     assets     liabilities     interests     assets  
   
September 30, 2010
                                       

Secured borrowings:

                                       
Municipal tender option bond securitizations
  $ 9,858       7,768       (6,990 )           778  
Auto loan securitizations
    181       181       (26 )           155  
Commercial real estate loans
    1,316       1,316       (1,273 )           43  
Residential mortgage securitizations
    747       658       (460 )           198  
   
Total secured borrowings
    12,102       9,923       (8,749 )           1,174  
   
Consolidated VIEs:
                                       
Nonconforming residential mortgage loan securitizations
    15,678       14,750       (7,482 )           7,268  
Multi-seller commercial paper conduit
    4,194       4,194       (4,319 )           (125 )
Auto loan securitizations
    1,203       1,203       (1,171 )           32  
Structured asset finance
    150       150       (31 )     (11 )     108  
Investment funds
    1,244       1,244       (53 )     (14 )     1,177  
Other
    1,628       1,626       (1,203 )     (15 )     408  
   
Total consolidated VIEs
    24,097       23,167       (14,259 )     (40 )     8,868  
   
Total secured borrowings and consolidated VIEs
  $ 36,199       33,090       (23,008 )     (40 )     10,042  
   

December 31, 2009

                                       

Secured borrowings:

                                       
Municipal tender option bond securitizations (1)
  $ 9,649       7,189       (6,856 )           333  
Auto loan securitizations
    274       274       (121 )           153  
Commercial real estate loans
    1,309       1,309       (1,269 )           40  
Residential mortgage securitizations
    901       792       (552 )           240  
   
Total secured borrowings
    12,133       9,564       (8,798 )           766  
   
Consolidated VIEs:
                                       
Structured asset finance
    2,791       1,074       (1,088 )     (10 )     (24 )
Investment funds
    2,257       2,245       (271 )     (33 )     1,941  
Other
    2,697       1,981       (1,148 )     (25 )     808  
   
Total consolidated VIEs
    7,745       5,300       (2,507 )     (68 )     2,725  
   
Total secured borrowings and consolidated VIEs
  $ 19,878       14,864       (11,305 )     (68 )     3,491  
   
   
(1)   Balances have been revised to conform with current period presentation.
In addition to the transactions included in the table above, at September 30, 2010, we had issued approximately $6.0 billion of private placement debt financing through a consolidated VIE. The issuance is classified as long-term debt in our consolidated financial statements. At September 30, 2010, we had pledged approximately $5.9 billion in loans, $586 million in securities available for sale and $71 million in cash and cash equivalents to collateralize the VIE’s borrowings. Such assets were not transferred to the VIE and accordingly we have excluded the VIE from the previous table.

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We have raised financing through the securitization of certain financial assets in transactions with VIEs accounted for as secured borrowings. We also consolidate VIEs where we are the primary beneficiary. In certain transactions other than the multi-seller commercial paper conduit, we provide contractual support in the form of limited recourse and liquidity to facilitate the remarketing of short-term securities issued to third party investors. Other than this limited contractual support, the assets of the VIEs are the sole source of repayment of the securities held by third parties. The liquidity support we provide to the multi-seller commercial paper conduit ensures timely repayment of commercial paper issued by the conduit and is described further on the following page.
Nonconforming residential mortgage loan securitizations
We have consolidated certain of our nonconforming residential mortgage loan securitizations in accordance with consolidation accounting guidance. We have determined we are the primary beneficiary of these securitizations because we have the power to direct the most significant activities of the entity through our role as primary servicer and also hold variable interests that we have determined to be significant. The nature of our variable interests in these entities may include beneficial interests issued by the VIE, mortgage servicing rights and recourse or repurchase reserve liabilities.
Multi-seller commercial paper conduit
We administer a multi-seller asset-based commercial paper (ABCP) conduit that finances certain client transactions. This conduit is a bankruptcy remote entity that makes loans to, or purchases certificated interests, generally from SPEs, established by our clients (sellers) and which are secured by pools of financial assets. The conduit funds itself through the issuance of highly rated commercial paper to third party investors. The primary source of repayment of the commercial paper is the cash flows from the conduit’s assets or the re-issuance of commercial paper upon maturity. The conduit’s assets are structured with deal-specific credit enhancements generally in the form of overcollateralization provided by the seller, but may also include subordinated interests, cash reserve accounts, third party credit support facilities and excess spread capture. The timely repayment of the commercial paper is further supported by asset-specific liquidity facilities in the form of liquidity asset purchase agreements that we provide. Each facility is equal to 102% of the conduit’s funding commitment to a client. The aggregate amount of liquidity must be equal to or greater than all the commercial paper issued by the conduit. At the discretion of the administrator, we may be required to purchase assets from the conduit at par value plus accrued interest or discount on the related commercial paper, including situations where the conduit is unable to issue commercial paper. Par value may be different from fair value.
We receive fees in connection with our role as administrator and liquidity provider. We may also receive fees related to the structuring of the conduit’s transactions. In first quarter 2010, the conduit terminated its subordinated note to a third party investor and repaid all amounts due under the terms of the note agreement. We incurred a loss on the termination of the subordinated note of $16 million. We are the primary beneficiary of the conduit because we have power over the significant activities of the conduit and have a significant variable interest due to our liquidity arrangement.

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8. MORTGAGE BANKING ACTIVITIES
Mortgage banking activities, included in the Community Banking and Wholesale Banking operating segments, consist of residential and commercial mortgage originations and servicing.
The changes in residential MSRs measured using the fair value method were:
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Fair value, beginning of period
  $ 13,251       15,690       16,004       14,714  
Adjustments from adoption of consolidation accounting guidance
                (118 )      
Acquired from Wachovia (1)
                      34  
Servicing from securitizations or asset transfers
    1,043       1,517       3,040       5,045  
   
Net additions
    1,043       1,517       2,922       5,079  
   
Changes in fair value:
                               
Due to changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions (2)
    (1,132 )     (2,078 )     (4,570 )     (2,586 )
Other changes in fair value (3)
    (676 )     (629 )     (1,870 )     (2,707 )
   
Total changes in fair value
    (1,808 )     (2,707 )     (6,440 )     (5,293 )
   
Fair value, end of period
  $ 12,486       14,500       12,486       14,500  
   
   
(1)   Reflects refinements to initial purchase accounting adjustments.
(2)   Principally reflects changes in discount rates and prepayment speed assumptions, mostly due to changes in interest rates.
(3)   Represents changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows over time.
The changes in amortized commercial MSRs were:
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 1,037       1,205       1,119       1,446  
Adjustments from adoption of consolidation accounting guidance
                (5 )      
Purchases
    14             22       10  
Acquired from Wachovia (1)
                      (135 )
Servicing from securitizations or asset transfers
    18       21       46       43  
Amortization
    (56 )     (64 )     (169 )     (202 )
   
Balance, end of period (2)
  $ 1,013       1,162       1,013       1,162  
   
Fair value of amortized MSRs:
                               
Beginning of period
  $ 1,307       1,311       1,261       1,555  
End of period
    1,349       1,277       1,349       1,277  
   
(1)   Reflects refinements to initial purchase accounting adjustments.
(2)   There was no valuation allowance recorded for the periods presented. Commercial MSRs are evaluated for impairment purposes by the following asset classes: agency and non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities (MBS), and loans.

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We present the components of our managed servicing portfolio in the table below at unpaid principal balance for loans serviced and subserviced for others and at book value for owned loans serviced.
                 
 
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,
(in billions)   2010     2009  
   
Residential mortgage servicing:
               
Serviced for others
  $ 1,433       1,422  
Owned loans serviced
    365       364  
Subservicing
    10       10  
   
Total residential servicing
    1,808       1,796  
   
Commercial mortgage servicing:
               
Serviced for others
    439       454  
Owned loans serviced
    99       105  
Subservicing
    10       10  
   
Total commercial servicing
    548       569  
   
Total managed servicing portfolio
  $ 2,356       2,365  
   
Total serviced for others
  $ 1,872       1,876  
Ratio of MSRs to related loans serviced for others
    0.72 %     0.91  
   
The components of mortgage banking noninterest income were:
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Servicing income, net:
                               
Servicing fees
  $ 1,192       1,085       3,468       3,117  
Changes in fair value of residential MSRs:
                               
Due to changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions (1)
    (1,132 )     (2,078 )     (4,570 )     (2,586 )
Other changes in fair value (2)
    (676 )     (629 )     (1,870 )     (2,707 )
   
Total changes in fair value of residential MSRs
    (1,808 )     (2,707 )     (6,440 )     (5,293 )
Amortization
    (56 )     (64 )     (169 )     (202 )
Net derivative gains from economic hedges (3)
    1,188       3,605       6,241       6,019  
   
Total servicing income, net
    516       1,919       3,100       3,641  
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities
    1,983       1,148       3,880       4,976  
   
Total mortgage banking noninterest income
  $ 2,499       3,067       6,980       8,617  
   
Market-related valuation changes to MSRs, net of hedge results (1)+(3)
  $ 56       1,527       1,671       3,433  
   
   
(1)   Principally reflects changes in discount rates and prepayment speed assumptions, mostly due to changes in interest rates.
(2)   Represents changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows over time.
(3)   Represents results from free-standing derivatives (economic hedges) used to hedge the risk of changes in fair value of MSRs. See Note 11 — Free-Standing Derivatives in this Report for additional discussion and detail.
Servicing fees are presented net of certain unreimbursed direct servicing obligations primarily associated with workout activities. In addition, servicing fees in the table above included:
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Contractually specified servicing fees
  $ 1,160       1,132       3,421       3,324  
Late charges
    100       80       278       246  
Ancillary fees
    111       59       328       207  
   

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9. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The gross carrying value of intangible assets and accumulated amortization was:
                                                 
 
    September 30, 2010     December 31, 2009  
    Gross             Net     Gross             Net  
    carrying     Accumulated     carrying     carrying     Accumulated     carrying  
(in millions)   value     amortization     value     value     amortization     value  
   
Amortized intangible assets:
                                               
MSRs (1)
  $ 1,665       652       1,013       1,606       487       1,119  
Core deposit intangibles
    15,133       5,763       9,370       15,140       4,366       10,774  
Customer relationship and
                                               
other intangibles
    3,078       1,147       1,931       3,050       896       2,154  
   
Total amortized intangible assets
  $ 19,876       7,562       12,314       19,796       5,749       14,047  
   
MSRs (carried at fair value) (1)
  $ 12,486             12,486       16,004             16,004  
Goodwill
    24,831             24,831       24,812             24,812  
Trademark
    14             14       14             14  
   
(1)   See Note 8 in this Report for additional information on MSRs.
The following table provides the current year and estimated future amortization expense for amortized intangible assets as of September 30, 2010.
                                 
 
                    Customer        
    Amortized     Core     relationship        
    commercial     deposit     and other        
(in millions)   MSRs     intangibles     intangibles (1)     Total  
   
Nine months ended September 30, 2010 (actual)
  $ 168       1,406       248       1,822  
   
Estimate for year ending December 31,
                               
2010
  $ 223       1,872       331       2,426  
2011
    208       1,593       288       2,089  
2012
    170       1,396       269       1,835  
2013
    134       1,241       252       1,627  
2014
    115       1,113       234       1,462  
2015
    107       1,022       212       1,341  
   
(1)   Includes amortization of lease intangibles reported in occupancy expense of $4 million for the first nine months of 2010, and estimated amortization of $6 million, $9 million, $8 million, $8 million, $5 million, and $4 million for 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively.
We based our projections of amortization expense shown above on existing asset balances at September 30, 2010. Future amortization expense may vary from these projections.

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For our goodwill impairment analysis, we allocate all of the goodwill to the individual operating segments. We identify reporting units that are one level below an operating segment (referred to as a component), and distinguish these reporting units based on how the segments and components are managed, taking into consideration the economic characteristics, nature of the products and customers of the components. We allocate goodwill to reporting units based on relative fair value, using certain performance metrics. In first quarter 2010, we revised prior period information to reflect this realignment. See Note 16 in this Report for further information on management reporting.
The following table shows the allocation of goodwill to our operating segments for purposes of goodwill impairment testing. The additions in the first nine months of 2009 predominantly relate to goodwill recorded in connection with refinements to our initial acquisition date purchase accounting.
                                 
 
                    Wealth ,      
    Community     Wholesale     Brokerage and     Consolidated  
(in millions)   Banking     Banking     Retirement     Company  
   
Balance, December 31, 2008
  $ 16,810       5,449       368       22,627  
Goodwill from business combinations
    926       493             1,419  
Foreign currency translation adjustments
    6                   6  
   
Balance, September 30, 2009
  $ 17,742       5,942       368       24,052  
   

Balance, December 31, 2009

  $ 18,160       6,279       373       24,812  
Goodwill from business combinations
          19             19  
   
Balance, September 30, 2010
  $ 18,160       6,298       373       24,831  
   
   

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10. GUARANTEES AND LEGAL ACTIONS
Guarantees
Guarantees are contracts that contingently require us to make payments to a guaranteed party based on an event or a change in an underlying asset, liability, rate or index. Guarantees are generally in the form of standby letters of credit, securities lending and other indemnifications, liquidity agreements, written put options, recourse obligations, residual value guarantees, and contingent consideration. The following table shows carrying value, maximum exposure to loss on our guarantees and the amount with a higher risk of performance.
                                                 
 
    September 30, 2010     December 31, 2009  
            Maximum     Non-             Maximum     Non-  
    Carrying     exposure     investment     Carrying     exposure     investment  
(in millions)   value     to loss     grade     value     to loss     grade  
   
Standby letters of credit
  $ 147       45,159       19,791       148       49,997       21,112  
Securities lending and other indemnifications
    49       14,032       4,326       51       20,002       2,512  
Liquidity agreements (1)
          55       1       66       7,744        
Written put options (1)(2)
    953       7,530       3,348       803       8,392       3,674  
Loans sold with recourse
    116       5,280       3,554       96       5,049       2,400  
Residual value guarantees
    8       197             8       197        
Contingent consideration
    18       90       88       11       145       102  
Other guarantees
          75       2             55       2  
   
Total guarantees
  $ 1,291       72,418       31,110       1,183       91,581       29,802  
   
   
(1)   Certain of these agreements are related to off-balance sheet entities and, accordingly, are also disclosed in Note 7 in this Report.
(2)   Written put options, which are in the form of derivatives, are also included in the derivative disclosures in Note 11 in this Report.
“Maximum exposure to loss” and “Non-investment grade” are required disclosures under GAAP. Non-investment grade represents those guarantees on which we have a higher risk of being required to perform under the terms of the guarantee. If the underlying assets under the guarantee are non-investment grade (that is, an external rating that is below investment grade or an internal credit default grade that is equivalent to a below investment grade external rating), we consider the risk of performance to be high. Internal credit default grades are determined based upon the same credit policies that we use to evaluate the risk of payment or performance when making loans and other extensions of credit. These credit policies are more fully described in Note 5 in this Report.
Maximum exposure to loss represents the estimated loss that would be incurred under an assumed hypothetical circumstance, despite what we believe is its extremely remote possibility, where the value of our interests and any associated collateral declines to zero, without any consideration of recovery or offset from any economic hedges. Accordingly, this required disclosure is not an indication of expected loss. We believe the carrying value, which is either fair value or cost adjusted for incurred credit losses, is more representative of our exposure to loss than maximum exposure to loss.
Standby letters of credit
We issue standby letters of credit, which include performance and financial guarantees, for customers in connection with contracts between our customers and third parties. Standby letters of credit are agreements where we are obligated to make payment to a third party on behalf of a customer in the event the customer fails to meet their contractual obligations. We consider the credit risk in standby letters of credit and commercial and similar letters of credit in determining the allowance for credit losses.
Securities lending and other indemnifications
As a securities lending agent, we lend securities from participating institutional clients portfolios to third-party borrowers. We indemnify our clients against default by the borrower in returning these lent

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securities. This indemnity is supported by collateral received from the borrowers. Collateral is generally in the form of cash or highly liquid securities that are marked to market daily. There was $14.4 billion at September 30, 2010, and $20.7 billion at December 31, 2009, in collateral supporting loaned securities with values of $14.0 billion and $20.0 billion, respectively.
We enter into other types of indemnification agreements in the ordinary course of business under which we agree to indemnify third parties against any damages, losses and expenses incurred in connection with legal and other proceedings arising from relationships or transactions with us. These relationships or transactions include those arising from service as a director or officer of the Company, underwriting agreements relating to our securities, acquisition agreements and various other business transactions or arrangements. Because the extent of our obligations under these agreements depends entirely upon the occurrence of future events, our potential future liability under these agreements is not determinable.
Liquidity agreements
We provide liquidity facilities on all commercial paper issued by the conduit we administer. We also provide liquidity to certain off-balance sheet entities that hold securitized fixed-rate municipal bonds and consumer or commercial assets that are partially funded with the issuance of money market and other short-term notes. The decrease in maximum exposure to loss from December 31, 2009, is due to the amounts related to the liquidity facility on the commercial paper conduit being removed from the disclosed amounts due to the consolidation of the commercial paper conduit upon adoption of consolidation accounting guidance. See Note 7 in this Report for additional information on these arrangements.
Written put options
Written put options are contracts that give the counterparty the right to sell to us an underlying instrument held by the counterparty at a specified price, and include options, floors, caps and credit default swaps. These written put option contracts generally permit net settlement. While these derivative transactions expose us to risk in the event the option is exercised, we manage this risk by entering into offsetting trades or by taking short positions in the underlying instrument. We offset substantially all put options written to customers with purchased options. Additionally, for certain of these contracts, we require the counterparty to pledge the underlying instrument as collateral for the transaction. Our ultimate obligation under written put options is based on future market conditions and is only quantifiable at settlement. See Note 7 in this Report for additional information regarding transactions with VIEs and Note 11 in this Report for additional information regarding written derivative contracts.
Loans sold with recourse
In certain loan sales or securitizations, we provide recourse to the buyer whereby we are required to repurchase loans at par value plus accrued interest on the occurrence of certain credit-related events within a certain period of time. The maximum exposure to loss represents the outstanding principal balance of the loans sold or securitized that are subject to recourse provisions, but the likelihood of the repurchase of the entire balance is remote and amounts paid can be recovered in whole or in part from the sale of collateral. In third quarter 2010, we did not repurchase a significant amount of loans associated with these agreements.
Residual value guarantees
We have provided residual value guarantees as part of certain leasing transactions of corporate assets. At September 30, 2010, the only remaining residual value guarantee is related to a leasing transaction on certain corporate buildings. The lessors in these leases are generally large financial institutions or their leasing subsidiaries. These guarantees protect the lessor from loss on sale of the related asset at the end of the lease term. To the extent that a sale of the leased assets results in proceeds less than a stated percent

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(generally 80% to 89%) of the asset’s cost, we would be required to reimburse the lessor under our guarantee.
Contingent consideration
In connection with certain brokerage, asset management, insurance agency and other acquisitions we have made, the terms of the acquisition agreements provide for deferred payments or additional consideration, based on certain performance targets.
We have entered into various contingent performance guarantees through credit risk participation arrangements. Under these agreements, if a customer defaults on its obligation to perform under certain credit agreements with third parties, we will be required to make payments to the third parties.
Legal Actions
The following supplements and amends our discussion of certain matters previously reported in Item 3 (Legal Proceedings) of our 2009 Form 10-K and our 2010 First and Second Quarter Form 10-Q for events occurring in third quarter 2010.
Adelphia Litigation On September 21, 2010, an agreement in principle was reached between the Adelphia Resolution Trust and all of the defendant banks to settle the remaining claims against the Banks. The agreement is subject to approval by the Court. A hearing on approval of the settlement is scheduled for November 18, 2010.
ERISA Litigation On August 6, 2010, an order was entered by the U.S. District Court for the Western District of North Carolina dismissing, with prejudice, the plaintiffs’ complaint in the In re Wachovia Corporation ERISA Litigation case. Plaintiffs have appealed. On October 18, 2010, an agreement in principle was reached to settle the Figas v. Wells Fargo & Company, et al. case. The agreement is subject to approval by the Court and an independent fiduciary.
Golden West and Related Litigation Two individual shareholder actions in South Carolina have been dismissed and the shareholders have appealed.
Municipal Derivatives Bid Practice Investigation On September 21, 2010 a complaint, captioned Active Retirement Community, Inc. d/b/a Jefferson’s Ferry v. Bank of America, N.A., et al., was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York. The case asserts claims against Wachovia Bank, N.A. and Wells Fargo & Company that are substantially similar to other previously disclosed civil cases.
Order of Posting Litigation A series of putative class actions have been filed against Wachovia Bank, N.A. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as well as many other banks, challenging the high to low order in which the Banks post debit card transactions to consumer deposit accounts. There are currently twelve such cases pending against Wells Fargo Bank (including the Wachovia Bank cases to which Wells Fargo succeeded), all but three of which have been consolidated in multi-district litigation proceedings in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. On August 10, 2010, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California issued an order in Gutierrez v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., one of the three cases that were not consolidated in the multi-district proceedings, enjoining the Bank’s use of the high to low posting method for debit card transactions with respect to the plaintiff class of California depositors, directing that the Bank establish a different posting methodology and ordering remediation in the approximate amount of $203 million. On October 26, 2010, a final judgment was entered in Gutierrez. Wells Fargo will appeal.

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In Re Wells Fargo Mortgage-Backed Certificates Litigation and Related Mortgage Litigation and Investigations On October 5, 2010, Wells Fargo’s motion to dismiss the amended complaint in the Northern District of California was granted in part and denied in part.
On October 15, 2010, three actions, captioned Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago v. Banc of America Funding Corporation, et al. (filed in the Cook County Circuit Court, State of Illinois); Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago v. Banc of America Securities LLC, et al. (filed in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Los Angeles); and Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis v. Banc of America Mortgage America Securities, Inc., et al. (filed in the Superior Court of the State of Indiana for the County of Marion), named multiple defendants, described as issuers/depositors, and underwriters/dealers of private label mortgage-backed securities, in an action asserting claims that defendants used false and misleading statements in offering documents for the sale of such securities. The Bank of Chicago asserts that it purchased approximately $4.2 billion and the Bank of Indianapolis asserts that it purchased nearly $3 billion of such securities from the defendants. Plaintiffs seek rescission of the sales and damages under state securities and other laws and Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933. Wells Fargo Asset Securities Corporation, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Wells Fargo & Company were named among the defendants. In addition, various class actions have been filed against Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and other banks challenging aspects of the foreclosure process, alleging, among other things, that banks improperly split notes and mortgages, use inappropriate foreclosure plaintiffs, misapply payments in violation of the terms of notes and mortgages, and submit fraudulent and inaccurate foreclosure affidavits. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. has received inquiries from state Attorneys General, other state and federal regulators and officers, and legislative committees into its mortgage foreclosure practices and procedures. Wells Fargo is appropriately responding to these inquiries as well as internally reviewing its practices and procedures. At present, Wells Fargo cannot estimate the possible loss or range of loss with respect to the allegations concerning the mortgage related litigation and investigations described above.
Outlook In accordance with ASC 450 (formerly FAS 5), Wells Fargo has established estimated liabilities for litigation matters with loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. For these matters and others where an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible but not probable, there may be a range of possible losses in excess of the estimated liability that cannot be estimated. Based on information currently available, advice of counsel, available insurance coverage and established reserves, Wells Fargo believes that the eventual outcome of the actions against Wells Fargo and/or its subsidiaries, including the matters described above, will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on Wells Fargo’s consolidated financial statements. However, in the event of unexpected future developments, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of those matters, if unfavorable, may be material to Wells Fargo’s consolidated financial statements for any particular period.
11. DERIVATIVES
We use derivatives to manage exposure to market risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and foreign currency risk, to generate profits from proprietary trading and to assist customers with their risk management objectives. Derivative transactions are measured in terms of the notional amount, but this amount is not recorded on the balance sheet and is not, when viewed in isolation, a meaningful measure of the risk profile of the instruments. The notional amount is generally not exchanged, but is used only as the basis on which interest and other payments are determined. Our approach to managing interest rate risk includes the use of derivatives. This helps minimize significant, unplanned fluctuations in earnings, fair values of assets and liabilities, and cash flows caused by interest rate volatility. This approach involves modifying the repricing characteristics of certain assets and liabilities so that changes in interest rates do not have a significant adverse effect on the net interest margin and cash flows. As a result of interest rate fluctuations, hedged assets and liabilities will gain or lose market value. In a fair value hedging strategy,

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the effect of this unrealized gain or loss will generally be offset by the gain or loss on the derivatives linked to the hedged assets and liabilities. In a cash flow hedging strategy, we manage the variability of cash payments due to interest rate fluctuations by the effective use of derivatives linked to hedged assets and liabilities.
We use derivatives that are designed as qualifying hedge contracts as defined by the Derivatives and Hedging topic in the Codification as part of our interest rate and foreign currency risk management, including interest rate swaps, caps and floors, futures and forward contracts, and options. We also offer various derivatives, including interest rate, commodity, equity, credit and foreign exchange contracts, to our customers but usually offset our exposure from such contracts by purchasing other financial contracts. The customer accommodations and any offsetting financial contracts are treated as free-standing derivatives. Free-standing derivatives also include derivatives we enter into for risk management that do not otherwise qualify for hedge accounting, including economic hedge derivatives. To a lesser extent, we take positions based on market expectations or to benefit from price differentials between financial instruments and markets. Additionally, free-standing derivatives include embedded derivatives that are required to be separately accounted for from their host contracts.
Our derivative activities are monitored by the Corporate Asset/Liability Management Committee (Corporate ALCO). Our Treasury function, which includes asset/liability management, is responsible for various hedging strategies developed through analysis of data from financial models and other internal and industry sources. We incorporate the resulting hedging strategies into our overall interest rate risk management and trading strategies.
The following table presents the total notional or contractual amounts and fair values for derivatives, the fair values of derivatives designated as qualifying hedge contracts, which are used as asset/liability management hedges, and free-standing derivatives (economic hedges) not designated as hedging instruments are recorded on the balance sheet in other assets or other liabilities. Customer accommodation, trading and other free-standing derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value in trading assets or other liabilities.

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    September 30, 2010     December 31, 2009  
    Notional or     Fair value     Notional or     Fair value  
    contractual     Asset     Liability     contractual     Asset     Liability  
(in millions)   amount     derivatives     derivatives     amount     derivatives     derivatives  
   
Qualifying hedge contracts
                                               
Interest rate contracts (1)
  $ 109,967       9,345       2,370       119,966       6,425       1,302  
Foreign exchange contracts
    26,989       2,063       541       30,212       1,553       811  
                               
Total derivatives designated as qualifying hedging instruments
            11,408       2,911               7,978       2,113  
                               
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
                                               
Free-standing derivatives (economic hedges):
                                               
Interest rate contracts (2)
    517,729       3,249       2,673       633,734       4,441       4,873  
Equity contracts
                      300             2  
Foreign exchange contracts
    1,881       11       58       7,019       233       29  
Credit contracts — protection purchased
    437       103             577       261        
Other derivatives
    4,474             91       4,583             40  
                               
Subtotal
            3,363       2,822               4,935       4,944  
                               
Customer accommodation, trading
                                               
and other free-standing derivatives:
                                               
Interest rate contracts
    2,752,345       79,129       79,689       2,741,119       54,873       54,033  
Commodity contracts
    77,405       4,142       4,138       92,182       5,400       5,182  
Equity contracts
    74,316       3,121       3,193       71,572       2,459       3,067  
Foreign exchange contracts
    157,496       3,326       3,105       142,012       3,084       2,737  
Credit contracts — protection sold
    50,972       555       6,748       76,693       979       9,577  
Credit contracts — protection purchased
    50,098       5,633       542       81,357       9,349       1,089  
Other derivatives
    283       13       12       2,314       427       171  
                               
Subtotal
            95,919       97,427               76,571       75,856  
                               
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
            99,282       100,249               81,506       80,800  
                             
Total derivatives before netting
            110,690       103,160               89,484       82,913  
                               
Netting (3)
            (87,944 )     (95,368 )             (65,926 )     (73,303 )
                               
Total
          $ 22,746       7,792               23,558       9,610  
   
   
(1)   Notional amounts presented exclude $20.9 billion at both September 30, 2010, and December 31, 2009, of basis swaps that are combined with receive fixed-rate / pay floating-rate swaps and designated as one hedging instrument.
(2)   Includes free-standing derivatives (economic hedges) used to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of residential MSRs, MHFS, interest rate lock commitments and other interests held.
(3)   Represents netting of derivative asset and liability balances, and related cash collateral, with the same counterparty subject to master netting arrangements under the accounting guidance covering the offsetting of amounts related to certain contracts. The amount of cash collateral netted against derivative assets and liabilities was $6.5 billion and $14.0 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2010, and $5.3 billion and $14.1 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2009.
Fair Value Hedges
We use interest rate swaps to convert certain of our fixed-rate long-term debt and certificates of deposit (CDs) to floating rates to hedge our exposure to interest rate risk. We also enter into cross-currency swaps, cross-currency interest rate swaps and forward contracts to hedge our exposure to foreign currency risk and interest rate risk associated with the issuance of non-U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt and repurchase agreements. Consistent with our asset/liability management strategy of converting fixed-rate debt to floating-rates, we believe interest expense should reflect only the current contractual interest cash flows on the liabilities and the related swaps. In addition, we use interest rate swaps and forward contracts to hedge against changes in fair value of certain debt securities that are classified as securities available for sale, due to changes in interest rates, foreign currency rates, or both. For fair value hedges of long-term debt, CDs, repurchase agreements and debt securities, all parts of each derivative’s gain or loss due to the hedged risk are included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness, except for foreign-currency denominated securities available for sale, short-term borrowings and long-term debt hedged with forward derivatives for which the component of the derivative gain or loss related to the

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changes in the difference between the spot and forward price is excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
For fair value hedging relationships, we use statistical regression analysis to assess hedge effectiveness, both at inception of the hedging relationship and on an ongoing basis. The regression analysis involves regressing the periodic change in fair value of the hedging instrument against the periodic changes in fair value of the asset or liability being hedged due to changes in the hedged risk(s). The assessment includes an evaluation of the quantitative measures of the regression results used to validate the conclusion of high effectiveness.
The following table shows the net gains (losses) recognized in the income statement related to derivatives in fair value hedging relationships as defined by the Derivatives and Hedging topic in the Codification.
                                                 
 
    Interest rate              
    contracts hedging:     Foreign exchange contracts hedging:        
                                            Total net  
    Securities             Securities                     gains (losses)  
    available     Long-term     available     Short-term     Long-term     on fair value  
(in millions)   for sale     debt     for sale     borrowings     debt     hedges  
   

Quarter ended September 30, 2010

                                               
Gains (losses) recorded in net interest income
  $ (93 )     550                   98       555  
   

Gains (losses) recorded in noninterest income

                                               
Recognized on derivatives
  $ (443 )     1,168       111             2,090       2,926  
Recognized on hedged item
    462       (1,110 )     (112 )           (2,133 )     (2,893 )
   
Recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion)
  $ 19       58       (1 )           (43 )     33 (1)
   

Quarter ended September 30, 2009

                                               
Gains (losses) recorded in net interest income
  $ (84 )     484       (7 )           94       487  
   

Gains (losses) recorded in noninterest income

                                               
Recognized on derivatives
  $ (242 )     1,292       (1 )           270       1,319  
Recognized on hedged item
    253       (1,297 )     1             (266 )     (1,309 )
   
Recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion)
  $ 11       (5 )                 4       10 (1)
   

Nine months ended September 30, 2010

                                               
Gains (losses) recorded in net interest income
  $ (281 )     1,608       (2 )           282       1,607  
 
                                   

Gains (losses) recorded in noninterest income

                                               
Recognized on derivatives
  $ (1,211 )     3,444       300             (815 )     1,718  
Recognized on hedged item
    1,247       (3,253 )     (301 )           799       (1,508 )
   
Recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion)
  $ 36       191       (1 )           (16 )     210 (1)
   

Nine months ended September 30, 2009

                                               
Gains (losses) recorded in net interest income
  $ (196 )     1,131       (53 )     28       248       1,158  
   

Gains (losses) recorded in noninterest income

                                               
Recognized on derivatives
  $ 552       (2,177 )     (1 )           1,212       (414 )
Recognized on hedged item
    (543 )     2,086       1             (1,217 )     327  
   
Recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion)
  $ 9       (91 )                 (5 )     (87 )(1)
   
   
(1)   Third quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2010, included $(1) million and nil, respectively, and third quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2009, included $(2) million and $(9) million, respectively, of gains (losses) on forward derivatives hedging foreign currency securities available for sale, short-term borrowings and long-term debt, representing the portion of derivatives gains (losses) excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness (time value).

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Cash Flow Hedges
We hedge floating-rate debt against future interest rate increases by using interest rate swaps, caps, floors and futures to limit variability of cash flows due to changes in the benchmark interest rate. We also use interest rate swaps and floors to hedge the variability in interest payments received on certain floating-rate commercial loans, due to changes in the benchmark interest rate. Gains and losses on derivatives that are reclassified from cumulative OCI to current period earnings are included in the line item in which the hedged item’s effect on earnings is recorded. All parts of gain or loss on these derivatives are included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. For all cash flow hedges, we assess hedge effectiveness using regression analysis, both at inception of the hedging relationship and on an ongoing basis. The regression analysis involves regressing the periodic changes in cash flows of the hedging instrument against the periodic changes in cash flows of the forecasted transaction being hedged due to changes in the hedged risk(s). The assessment includes an evaluation of the quantitative measures of the regression results used to validate the conclusion of high effectiveness.
We expect that $336 million of deferred net gains on derivatives in OCI at September 30, 2010, will be reclassified as earnings during the next twelve months, compared with $284 million at December 31, 2009. We are hedging our exposure to the variability of future cash flows for all forecasted transactions for a maximum of 8 years for both hedges of floating-rate debt and floating-rate commercial loans.
The following table shows the net gains (losses) recognized related to derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships as defined by the Derivatives and Hedging topic in the Codification.
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Gains (after tax) recognized in OCI on derivatives (effective portion)
  $ 241       196       590       68  
Gains (pre tax) reclassified from cumulative OCI into net interest income (effective portion)
    266       129       594       408  
Gains (losses) (pre tax) recognized in noninterest income on derivatives (ineffective portion) (1)
    (4 )     27       2       38  
   
   
(1)   None of the change in value of the derivatives was excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
Free-Standing Derivatives
We use free-standing derivatives (economic hedges), in addition to debt securities available for sale, to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of residential MSRs, new prime residential MHFS, derivative loan commitments and other interests held, with the resulting gain or loss reflected in other income.
The derivatives used to hedge residential MSRs, which include swaps, swaptions, forwards, Eurodollar and Treasury futures and options contracts, resulted in net derivative gains of $1.2 billion and net derivative gains of $6.2 billion, respectively, in the third quarter and first nine months of 2010 and net derivative gains of $3.6 billion and $6.0 billion, respectively, in the same periods of 2009 from economic hedges related to our mortgage servicing activities and are included in mortgage banking noninterest income. The aggregate fair value of these derivatives used as economic hedges was a net asset of $1.1 billion at September 30, 2010, and a net liability of $961 million at December 31, 2009. Changes in fair value of debt securities available for sale (unrealized gains and losses) are not included in servicing income, but are reported in cumulative OCI (net of tax) or, upon sale, are reported in net gains (losses) on debt securities available for sale.

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Interest rate lock commitments for residential mortgage loans that we intend to sell are considered free-standing derivatives. Our interest rate exposure on these derivative loan commitments, as well as most residential MHFS, is hedged with free-standing derivatives (economic hedges) such as forwards and options, Eurodollar futures and options, and Treasury futures, forwards and options contracts. The commitments, free-standing derivatives and residential MHFS are carried at fair value with changes in fair value included in mortgage banking noninterest income. For interest rate lock commitments we include, at inception and during the life of the loan commitment, the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan as part of the fair value measurement of derivative loan commitments. Changes subsequent to inception are based on changes in fair value of the underlying loan resulting from the exercise of the commitment and changes in the probability that the loan will not fund within the terms of the commitment (referred to as a fall-out factor). The value of the underlying loan is affected primarily by changes in interest rates and the passage of time. However, changes in investor demand, such as concerns about credit risk, can also cause changes in the spread relationships between underlying loan value and the derivative financial instruments that cannot be hedged. The aggregate fair value of derivative loan commitments in the balance sheet was a net asset of $223 million at September 30, 2010, and a net liability of $312 million at December 31, 2009, and is included in the caption “Interest rate contracts” under “Customer accommodation, trading and other free-standing derivatives” in the first table in this Note.
We also enter into various derivatives primarily to provide derivative products to customers. To a lesser extent, we take positions based on market expectations or to benefit from price differentials between financial instruments and markets. These derivatives are not linked to specific assets and liabilities in the balance sheet or to forecasted transactions in an accounting hedge relationship and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting. We also enter into free-standing derivatives for risk management that do not otherwise qualify for hedge accounting. They are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as part of other noninterest income.
Additionally, free-standing derivatives include embedded derivatives that are required to be accounted for separate from their host contract. We periodically issue hybrid long-term notes and CDs where the performance of the hybrid instrument notes is linked to an equity, commodity or currency index, or basket of such indices. These notes contain explicit terms that affect some or all of the cash flows or the value of the note in a manner similar to a derivative instrument and therefore are considered to contain an “embedded” derivative instrument. The indices on which the performance of the hybrid instrument is calculated are not clearly and closely related to the host debt instrument. In accordance with accounting guidance for derivatives, the “embedded” derivative is separated from the host contract and accounted for as a free-standing derivative.

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The following table shows the net gains (losses) recognized in the income statement related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the Codification.
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Gains (losses) recognized on free-standing derivatives (economic hedges):
                               
Interest rate contracts (1)
                               
Recognized in noninterest income:
                               
Mortgage banking
  $ (267 )     1,780       1,158       4,836  
Other
    (46 )     2       (82 )     1  

Foreign exchange contracts

    (82 )     24       63       6  
Equity contracts
                      2  
Credit contracts
    (24 )     (98 )     (149 )     (212 )
   
Subtotal
    (419 )     1,708       990       4,633  
   
Gains (losses) recognized on customer accommodation, trading and other free-standing derivatives:
                               
Interest rate contracts (2)
                               
Recognized in noninterest income:
                               
Mortgage banking
    1,512       1,274       4,059       1,671  
Other
    (322 )     27       (157 )     839  

Commodity contracts

    56       14       89       (25 )
Equity contracts
    (141 )     (48 )     308       (229 )
Foreign exchange contracts
    98       224       364       482  
Credit contracts
    (20 )     (459 )     (508 )     (557 )
Other
    18       (10 )     (1 )     (186 )
   
Subtotal
    1,201       1,022       4,154       1,995  
   
Net gains recognized related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
  $ 782       2,730       5,144       6,628  
   
   
(1)   Predominantly mortgage banking noninterest income including gains (losses) on the derivatives used as economic hedges of MSRs, interest rate lock commitments, loans held for sale and mortgages held for sale.
(2)   Predominantly mortgage banking noninterest income including gains (losses) on interest rate lock commitments.
Credit Derivatives
We use credit derivatives to manage exposure to credit risk related to lending and investing activity and to assist customers with their risk management objectives. This may include protection sold to offset purchased protection in structured product transactions, as well as liquidity agreements written to special purpose vehicles. The maximum exposure of sold credit derivatives is managed through posted collateral, purchased credit derivatives and similar products in order to achieve our desired credit risk profile. This credit risk management provides an ability to recover a significant portion of any amounts that would be paid under the sold credit derivatives. We would be required to perform under the noted credit derivatives in the event of default by the referenced obligors. Events of default include events such as bankruptcy, capital restructuring or lack of principal and/or interest payment. In certain cases, other triggers may exist, such as the credit downgrade of the referenced obligors or the inability of the special purpose vehicle for which we have provided liquidity to obtain funding.

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The following table provides details of sold and purchased credit derivatives.
                                                         
 
            Notional amount        
                    Protection     Protection                    
                    sold—     purchased     Net              
                    non-     with     protection     Other        
    Fair value     Protection     investment     identical     sold     protection     Range of  
(in millions)   liability     sold (A)     grade     underlyings (B)     (A) - (B)     purchased     maturities  
   

September 30, 2010

                                                       
Credit default swaps on:
                                                       
Corporate bonds
  $ 1,232       31,622       15,959       23,805       7,817       7,394       2010-2020  
Structured products
    4,355       5,964       5,230       4,998       966       2,644       2016-2056  
Credit protection on:
                                                       
Default swap index
    14       2,902       1,134       2,508       394       1,037       2010-2017  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities index
    926       2,571       674       1,972       599       350       2049-2052  
Asset-backed securities index
    204       252       252       156       96       143       2037-2046  
Loan deliverable credit default swaps
    5       489       476       396       93       251       2010-2014  
Other
    12       7,172       6,540       37       7,135       3,269       2010-2056  
           
Total credit derivatives
  $ 6,748       50,972       30,265       33,872       17,100       15,088          
   

December 31, 2009

                                                       
Credit default swaps on:
                                                       
Corporate bonds
  $ 2,419       55,511       23,815       44,159       11,352       12,634       2010-2018  
Structured products
    4,498       6,627       5,084       4,999       1,628       3,018       2014-2056  
Credit protection on:
                                                       
Default swap index
    23       6,611       2,765       4,202       2,409       2,510       2010-2017  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities index
    1,987       5,188       453       4,749       439       189       2049-2052  
Asset-backed securities index
    637       830       660       696       134       189       2037-2046  
Loan deliverable credit default swaps
    12       510       494       423       87       287       2010-2014  
Other
    1       1,416       809       32       1,384       100       2010-2020  
           
Total credit derivatives
  $ 9,577       76,693       34,080       59,260       17,433       18,927          
   
Protection sold represents the estimated maximum exposure to loss that would be incurred under an assumed hypothetical circumstance, despite what we believe is its extremely remote possibility, where the value of our interests and any associated collateral declines to zero, without any consideration of recovery or offset from any economic hedges. Accordingly, this required disclosure is not an indication of expected loss. The amounts under non-investment grade represent the notional amounts of those credit derivatives on which we have a higher performance risk, or higher risk of being required to perform under the terms of the credit derivative and is a function of the underlying assets. We consider the risk of performance to be high if the underlying assets under the credit derivative have an external rating that is below investment grade or an internal credit default grade that is equivalent thereto. We believe the net protection sold, which is representative of the net notional amount of protection sold and purchased with identical underlyings, in combination with other protection purchased, is more representative of our exposure to loss than either non-investment grade or protection sold. Other protection purchased represents additional protection, which may offset the exposure to loss for protection sold, that was not purchased with an identical underlying of the protection sold.

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Credit-Risk Contingent Features
Certain of our derivative contracts contain provisions whereby if the credit rating of our debt, based on certain major credit rating agencies indicated in the relevant contracts, were to fall below investment grade, the counterparty could demand additional collateral or require termination or replacement of derivative instruments in a net liability position. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with such credit-risk-related contingent features that are in a net liability position was $14.4 billion at September 30, 2010, and $7.5 billion at December 31, 2009, for which we had posted $13.7 billion and $7.1 billion, respectively, in collateral in the normal course of business. If the credit-risk-related contingent features underlying these agreements had been triggered on September 30, 2010, or December 31, 2009, we would have been required to post additional collateral of $694 million or $1.0 billion, respectively, or potentially settle the contract in an amount equal to its fair value.
Counterparty Credit Risk
By using derivatives, we are exposed to counterparty credit risk if counterparties to the derivative contracts do not perform as expected. If a counterparty fails to perform, our counterparty credit risk is equal to the amount reported as a derivative asset on our balance sheet. The amounts reported as a derivative asset are derivative contracts in a gain position, and to the extent subject to master netting arrangements, net of derivatives in a loss position with the same counterparty and cash collateral received. We minimize counterparty credit risk through credit approvals, limits, monitoring procedures, executing master netting arrangements and obtaining collateral, where appropriate. To the extent the master netting arrangements and other criteria meet the requirements outlined in the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the Codification, derivatives balances and related cash collateral amounts are shown net in the balance sheet. Counterparty credit risk related to derivatives is considered in determining fair value and our assessment of hedge effectiveness.

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12. FAIR VALUES OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Trading assets, securities available for sale, derivatives, certain loans, prime residential MHFS, certain commercial LHFS, residential MSRs, principal investments, certain long-term debt, and securities sold but not yet purchased (short sale liabilities) are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as nonprime residential and commercial MHFS, certain LHFS, loans held for investment and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.
Under fair value option accounting guidance, we elected to measure MHFS at fair value prospectively for new prime residential MHFS originations, for which an active secondary market and readily available market prices existed to reliably support fair value pricing models used for these loans. We also elected to remeasure at fair value certain of our other interests held related to residential loan sales and securitizations. We believe the election for MHFS and other interests held (which are now hedged with free-standing derivatives (economic hedges) along with our MSRs) reduces certain timing differences and better matches changes in the value of these assets with changes in the value of derivatives used as economic hedges for these assets.
Upon the acquisition of Wachovia, we elected to measure at fair value certain portfolios of LHFS that we intend to hold for trading purposes and that may be economically hedged with derivative instruments. In addition, we elected to measure at fair value certain letters of credit that are hedged with derivative instruments to better reflect the economics of the transactions. These letters of credit are included in trading account assets or liabilities.
Upon adoption of new consolidation accounting guidance on January 1, 2010, we elected to measure certain loans and long-term debt of consolidated VIEs under the fair value option. We elected the fair value option to effectively continue fair value accounting through earnings for our interests in these VIEs. See Notes 1 and 7 in this Report for additional information.
Fair Value Hierarchy
In accordance with the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the Codification, we group our assets and liabilities measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:
  Level 1 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.
  Level 2 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.
  Level 3 — Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.
In the determination of the classification of financial instruments in Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, we consider all available information, including observable market data, indications of market liquidity and orderliness, and our understanding of the valuation techniques and significant inputs used. For securities in inactive markets, we use a predetermined percentage to evaluate the impact of fair value adjustments derived from weighting both external and internal indications of value to determine if the instrument is classified as Level 2 or Level 3. Based upon the specific facts and circumstances of each

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instrument or instrument category, judgments are made regarding the significance of the Level 3 inputs to the instruments’ fair value measurement in its entirety. If Level 3 inputs are considered significant, the instrument is classified as Level 3.
Determination of Fair Value
In accordance with the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the Codification, we base our fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It is our policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements, as prescribed in the fair value hierarchy.
In instances where there is limited or no observable market data, fair value measurements for assets and liabilities are based primarily upon our own estimates or combination of our own estimates and independent vendor or broker pricing, and the measurements are often calculated based on current pricing policy, the economic and competitive environment, the characteristics of the asset or liability and other such factors. Therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability. Additionally, there may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique, and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, that could significantly affect the results of current or future values.
We incorporate lack of liquidity into our fair value measurement based on the type of asset measured and the valuation methodology used. For example, for residential MHFS and certain securities where the significant inputs have become unobservable due to the illiquid markets and vendor or broker pricing is not used, we use a discounted cash flow technique to measure fair value. This technique incorporates forecasting of expected cash flows (adjusted for credit loss assumptions and estimated prepayment speeds) discounted at an appropriate market discount rate to reflect the lack of liquidity in the market that a market participant would consider. For other securities where vendor or broker pricing is used, we use either unadjusted broker quotes or vendor prices or vendor or broker prices adjusted by weighting them with internal discounted cash flow techniques to measure fair value. These unadjusted vendor or broker prices inherently reflect any lack of liquidity in the market as the fair value measurement represents an exit price from a market participant viewpoint.
Fair Value Measurements from Independent Brokers or Independent Third Party Pricing Services
For certain assets and liabilities, we obtain fair value measurements from independent brokers or independent third party pricing services and record the unadjusted fair value in our financial statements. The detail by level is shown in the table below. Fair value measurements obtained from independent brokers or independent third party pricing services that we have adjusted to determine the fair value recorded in our financial statements are not included in the following table.

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    Independent brokers     Third party pricing services  
(in millions)   Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  
   

September 30, 2010

                                               
Trading assets (excluding derivatives)
  $       1,581       5       19       1,308        
Securities available for sale:
                                               
Securities of U.S. treasury and federal agencies
                      980       763        
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
          15                   14,377        
Mortgage-backed securities
          3       32             106,056       75  
Other debt securities
          151       3,762             14,852       730  
   
Total debt securities
          169       3,794       980       136,048       805  
   
Total marketable equity securities
    230                   419       773        
   
Total securities available for sale
    230       169       3,794       1,399       136,821       805  
   
Derivatives (trading and other assets)
          11                   1,015       9  
Loans held for sale
                            1        
Derivatives (liabilities)
                            1,120        
Other liabilities
          10                   312        
   

December 31, 2009

                                               
Trading assets (excluding derivatives)
  $       4,208             30       1,712       81  
Securities available for sale
    85       1,870       548       1,467       120,688       1,864  
Loans held for sale
                            2        
Derivatives (trading and other assets)
          8       42             2,926       9  
Derivatives (liabilities)
                70             2,949       4  
Other liabilities
                      10       3,916       26  
   
For complete descriptions of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for estimating fair value for financial instruments not recorded at fair value, see Note 16 in our 2009 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to our valuation methodologies in third quarter 2010.

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Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The table below presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2010.
                                         
 
(in millions)   Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Netting     Total  
   
September 30, 2010
                                       
Trading assets (excluding derivatives)
                                       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
  $ 2,587       3,939                   6,526  
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
          1,622       6             1,628  
Collateralized debt obligations
                1,845             1,845  
Corporate debt securities
    1       10,092       181             10,274  
Equity securities
    1,597       738       29             2,364  
Other trading securities
          7,220       819             8,039  
   
Total trading securities
    4,185       23,611       2,880             30,676  
   
Other trading assets
    736       128       134             998  
   
Total trading assets (excluding derivatives)
    4,921       23,739       3,014             31,674  
   
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
    980       763                   1,743  
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
          14,408       3,759             18,167  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                       
Federal agencies
          83,595                   83,595  
Residential
          20,563       223             20,786  
Commercial
          12,775       219             12,994  
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
          116,933       442             117,375  
   
Corporate debt securities
          9,931       479             10,410  
Collateralized debt obligations
                4,526             4,526  
Asset-backed securities:
                                       
Auto loans and leases
          358       8,254             8,612  
Home equity loans
          796       235             1,031  
Other asset-backed securities
          5,856       3,429             9,285  
   
Total asset-backed securities
          7,010       11,918             18,928  
   
Other debt securities
          357       93             450  
   
Total debt securities
    980       149,402       21,217             171,599  
   
Marketable equity securities:
                                       
Perpetual preferred securities (1)
    708       694       2,534             3,936  
Other marketable equity securities
    1,188       133       19             1,340  
   
Total marketable equity securities
    1,896       827       2,553             5,276  
   
Total securities available for sale
    2,876       150,229       23,770             176,875  
   
Mortgages held for sale
          39,522       3,269             42,791  
Loans held for sale
          436                   436  
Loans
                353             353  
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)
                12,486             12,486  
Derivative assets:
                                       
Interest rate contracts
    354       90,187       1,182             91,723  
Commodity contracts
          4,142                   4,142  
Equity contracts
    444       1,957       720             3,121  
Foreign exchange contracts
    46       5,320       34             5,400  
Credit contracts
          2,849       3,442             6,291  
Other derivative contracts
    12             1             13  
   
Netting
                      (87,944 )(2)     (87,944 )
   
Total derivative assets (3)
    856       104,455       5,379       (87,944 )     22,746  
   
Other assets
    146       791       345             1,282  
   
Total assets recorded at fair value
  $ 8,799       319,172       48,616       (87,944 )     288,643  
   
Derivative liabilities:
                                       
Interest rate contracts
  $ (798 )     (83,403 )     (531 )           (84,732 )
Commodity contracts
          (4,137 )     (1 )           (4,138 )
Equity contracts
    (187 )     (2,161 )     (845 )           (3,193 )
Foreign exchange contracts
    (44 )     (3,623 )     (37 )           (3,704 )
Credit contracts
          (2,832 )     (4,458 )           (7,290 )
Other derivative contracts
                (103 )           (103 )
   
Netting
                      95,368 (2)     95,368  
   
Total derivative liabilities (4)
    (1,029 )     (96,156 )     (5,975 )     95,368       (7,792 )
   
Short sale liabilities
                                       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
    (2,436 )     (1,126 )                 (3,562 )
Corporate debt securities
          (3,177 )                 (3,177 )
Equity securities
    (2,233 )     (223 )                 (2,456 )
Other securities
          (108 )                 (108 )
   
Total short sale liabilities
    (4,669 )     (4,634 )                 (9,303 )
   
Other liabilities
          (43 )     (1,770 )           (1,813 )
   
Total liabilities recorded at fair value
  $ (5,698 )     (100,833 )     (7,745 )     95,368       (18,908 )
   
   
(1)   Perpetual preferred securities are primarily ARS. See Note 7 for additional information.
(2)   Derivatives are reported net of cash collateral received and paid and, to the extent that the criteria of the accounting guidance covering the offsetting of amounts related to certain contracts are met, positions with the same counterparty are netted as part of a legally enforceable master netting agreement.
(3)   Derivative assets include contracts qualifying for hedge accounting, economic hedges, and derivatives included in trading assets.
(4)   Derivative liabilities include contracts qualifying for hedge accounting, economic hedges, and derivatives included in trading liabilities.

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The table below presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2009.
                                         
 
(in millions)   Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Netting     Total  
   
December 31, 2009
                                       
Trading assets (excluding derivatives) (1)
  $ 2,386       20,497       2,311             25,194  
Derivatives (trading assets)
    340       70,938       5,682       (59,115 )(2)     17,845  
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
    1,094       1,186                   2,280  
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    4       12,708       818             13,530  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                       
Federal agencies
          82,818                   82,818  
Residential
          27,506       1,084             28,590  
Commercial
          9,162       1,799             10,961  
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
          119,486       2,883             122,369  
   
Corporate debt securities
          8,968       367             9,335  
Collateralized debt obligations
                3,725             3,725  
Other
          3,292       12,587             15,879  
   
Total debt securities
    1,098       145,640       20,380             167,118  
   
Marketable equity securities:
                                       
Perpetual preferred securities
    736       834       2,305             3,875  
Other marketable equity securities
    1,279       350       88             1,717  
   
Total marketable equity securities
    2,015       1,184       2,393             5,592  
   
Total securities available for sale
    3,113       146,824       22,773             172,710  
   
Mortgages held for sale
          33,439       3,523             36,962  
Loans held for sale
          149                   149  
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)
                16,004             16,004  
Other assets (3)
    1,932       11,720       1,690       (6,812 )(2)     8,530  
   
Total assets recorded at fair value
  $ 7,771       283,567       51,983       (65,927 )     277,394  
   
Other liabilities (4)
  $ (6,527 )     (81,613 )     (7,942 )     73,299 (2)     (22,783 )
   
(1)   Includes trading securities of $24.0 billion.
(2)   Derivatives are reported net of cash collateral received and paid and, to the extent that the criteria of the accounting guidance covering the offsetting of amounts related to certain contracts are met, positions with the same counterparty are netted as part of a legally enforceable master netting agreement.
(3)   Derivative assets other than trading and principal investments are included in this category.
(4)   Derivative liabilities are included in this category.

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The changes in third quarter 2010 for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
                                                                 
 
                                                            Net unrealized  
            Total net gains     Purchases ,                           gains (losses)  
            (losses) included in     sales ,                           included in net  
                    Other     issuances                             income related  
    Balance ,           compre-     and     Transfers     Transfers     Balance ,   to assets and  
    beginning     Net     hensive     settlements ,   into     out of     end     liabilities held  
(in millions)   of period     income     income     net     Level 3     Level 3     of period     at period end (1)  
   
Quarter ended September 30, 2010
                                                               
Trading assets (excluding derivatives):
                                                               
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
  $ 12       (4 )           (2 )                 6       1  
Collateralized debt obligations
    1,767       21             57                   1,845       (12 )
Corporate bonds
    165       8             8                   181       2  
Equity securities
    52       (1 )           (22 )                 29       (1 )
Other trading securities
    330       54             435                   819       50  
   
Total trading securities
    2,326       78             476                   2,880       40  
   
Other trading assets
    149       (18 )           3                   134       2  
   
Total trading assets (excluding derivatives)
    2,475       60             479                   3,014       42 (2)
   
Securities available for sale:
                                                               
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    2,736       5       45       899       74             3,759        
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                                               
Residential
    353       14       (3 )     (30 )     8       (119 )     223       (1 )
Commercial
    897       (2 )     21       (13 )     40       (724 )     219       (1 )
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    1,250       12       18       (43 )     48       (843 )     442       (2 )
   
Corporate debt securities
    380       3       28       (22 )     93       (3 )     479        
Collateralized debt obligations
    4,031       64       41       390                   4,526       (1 )
Asset-backed securities:
                                                               
Auto loans and leases
    7,104       2       (51 )     1,199                   8,254        
Home equity loans
    194             24       49             (32 )     235        
Other asset-backed securities
    3,341       (5 )     (19 )     22       115       (25 )     3,429       (5 )
   
Total asset-backed securities
    10,639       (3 )     (46 )     1,270       115       (57 )     11,918       (5 )
   
Other debt securities
    88       (5 )     10                         93        
   
Total debt securities
    19,124       76       96       2,494       330       (903 )     21,217       (8 )
   
Marketable equity securities:
                                                               
Perpetual preferred securities
    2,629       20       (7 )     (172 )     77       (13 )     2,534        
Other marketable equity securities
    16                   1       4       (2 )     19        
   
Total marketable equity securities
    2,645       20       (7 )     (171 )     81       (15 )     2,553        
   
Total securities available for sale
    21,769       96       89       2,323       411       (918 )     23,770       (8 )
   
Mortgages held for sale
    3,260       (2 )           2       91       (82 )     3,269       (3 )(3)
Loans
    367       16             (30 )                 353       16 (3)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)
    13,251       (1,807 )           1,042                   12,486       (1,132 )(3)
Net derivative assets and liabilities:
                                                               
Interest rate contracts
    643       1,610             (1,761 )     159             651       244  
Equity contracts
    (232 )     40             7       34       25       (126 )     (1 )
Foreign exchange contracts
    (2 )     (7 )           9             (3 )     (3 )     (11 )
Credit contracts
    (993 )     4             (27 )                 (1,016 )      
Other derivative contracts
    (103 )     13             (12 )                 (102 )     (16 )
   
Total derivative contracts
    (687 )     1,660             (1,784 )     193       22       (596 )     216 (4)
   
Other assets
    360       3             (18 )                 345       (8 )(3)
Short sale liabilities (corporate debt securities)
    (4 )     (1 )           5                         (1 )
Other liabilities (excluding derivatives)
    (1,806 )     (357 )           393                   (1,770 )     (354 )
   
(1)   Represents only net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management’s estimates of fair value and excludes changes due to the collection/realization of cash flows over time.
(2)   Included in other noninterest income in the income statement.
(3)   Included in mortgage banking in the income statement.
(4)   Included in mortgage banking, trading activities and other noninterest income in the income statement.

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The changes in third quarter 2009 for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
                                                         
 
                                                    Net unrealized  
            Total net gains     Purchases ,                   gains (losses)  
            (losses) included in     sales ,   Net             included in net  
                    Other     issuances     transfers             income related  
    Balance ,           compre-     and     into and/or     Balance ,   to assets and  
    beginning     Net     hensive     settlements ,   out of     end     liabilities held  
(in millions)   of period     income     income     net     Level 3     of period     at period end (1)  
   
Quarter ended September 30, 2009
                                                       
Trading assets (excluding derivatives)
  $ 2,475       149             (138 )     7       2,493       100 (2)
Securities available for sale:
                                                       
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    905       2       32       1       22       962       3  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                                       
Residential
    5,913       (25 )     216       (135 )     (3,563 )     2,406       (51 )
Commercial
    2,615       (1 )     181       (28 )     (907 )     1,860       (44 )
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    8,528       (26 )     397       (163 )     (4,470 )     4,266       (95 )
   
Corporate debt securities
    286             (12 )     18       (47 )     245        
Collateralized debt obligations
    2,748       17       369       129             3,263       (16 )
Other
    15,718       44       238       (428 )     (2,402 )     13,170       (33 )
   
Total debt securities
    28,185       37       1,024       (443 )     (6,897 )     21,906       (141 )
   
Marketable equity securities:
                                                       
Perpetual preferred securities
    2,716       10       54       (322 )     31       2,489        
Other marketable equity securities
    127             (3 )     (32 )     (79 )     13        
   
Total marketable equity securities
    2,843       10       51       (354 )     (48 )     2,502        
   
Total securities available for sale
    31,028       47       1,075       (797 )     (6,945 )     24,408       (141 )
   
Mortgages held for sale
    4,099       (64 )           (191 )     30       3,874       (67 )(3)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)
    15,690       (2,707 )           1,517             14,500       (2,078 )(3)
Net derivative assets and liabilities
    (206 )     1,085       (1 )     (952 )     (288 )     (362 )     274 (4)
Other assets (excluding derivatives)
    1,226       (9 )           7             1,224       (13 )(3)
Other liabilities (excluding derivatives)
    (852 )     (137 )           (40 )     (8 )     (1,037 )     (144 )
   
(1)   Represents only net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management’s estimates of fair value and excludes changes due to the collection/realization of cash flows over time.
(2)   Included in other noninterest income in the income statement.
(3)   Included in mortgage banking in the income statement.
(4)   Included in mortgage banking, trading activities and other noninterest income in the income statement.

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The changes in the first nine months of 2010 for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
                                                                 
 
                                                            Net unrealized  
            Total net gains     Purchases ,                           gains (losses)  
            (losses) included in     sales ,                           included in net  
                    Other     issuances                             income related  
    Balance ,           compre-     and     Transfers     Transfers     Balance ,   to assets and  
    beginning     Net     hensive     settlements ,   into     out of     end     liabilities held  
(in millions)   of period     income     income     net     Level 3     Level 3     of period     at period end (1)  
   
Nine months ended September 30, 2010
                                                               
Trading assets (excluding derivatives):
                                                               
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
  $ 5       3             (11 )     9             6       3  
Collateralized debt obligations
    1,133       403             309                   1,845       7  
Corporate bonds
    223       21             70       9       (142 )     181       24  
Equity securities
    36       1             (10 )     2             29       (1 )
Other trading securities
    643       88             281       1       (194 )     819       63  
   
Total trading securities
    2,040       516             639       21       (336 )     2,880       96  
   
Other trading assets
    271       (54 )           (2 )           (81 )     134       (13 )
   
Total trading assets (excluding derivatives)
    2,311       462             637       21       (417 )     3,014       83 (2)
   
Securities available for sale:
                                                               
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    818       9       139       2,697       102       (6 )     3,759       3  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                                               
Residential
    1,084       7       (18 )     (44 )     274       (1,080 )     223       (7 )
Commercial
    1,799       (19 )     394       (20 )     227       (2,162 )     219       (5 )
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    2,883       (12 )     376       (64 )     501       (3,242 )     442       (12 )
   
Corporate debt securities
    367       7       70       (72 )     259       (152 )     479        
Collateralized debt obligations
    3,725       143       3       867             (212 )     4,526       (11 )
Asset-backed securities:
                                                               
Auto loans and leases
    8,525       2       (174 )     (278 )     179             8,254       (5 )
Home equity loans
    1,677             36       47       113       (1,638 )     235        
Other asset-backed securities
    2,308       43       (101 )     1,425       794       (1,040 )     3,429       (8 )
   
Total asset-backed securities
    12,510       45       (239 )     1,194       1,086       (2,678 )     11,918       (13 )
   
Other debt securities
    77       (5 )     9       12                   93        
   
Total debt securities
    20,380       187       358       4,634       1,948       (6,290 )     21,217       (33 )
   
Marketable equity securities:
                                                               
Perpetual preferred securities
    2,305       86       (33 )     125       77       (26 )     2,534        
Other marketable equity securities
    88                   (37 )     4       (36 )     19        
   
Total marketable equity securities
    2,393       86       (33 )     88       81       (62 )     2,553        
   
Total securities available for sale
    22,773       273       325       4,722       2,029       (6,352 )     23,770       (33 )
   
Mortgages held for sale
    3,523       (17 )           (249 )     294       (282 )     3,269       (19 )(3)
Loans
          68             (81 )     366             353       68 (3)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)
    16,004       (6,440 )           3,040             (118 )     12,486       (4,570 )(3)
Net derivative assets and liabilities:
                                                               
Interest rate contracts
    (114 )     4,283             (3,677 )     159             651       279  
Equity contracts
    (344 )     33             149       36             (126 )     12  
Foreign exchange contracts
    (1 )     (10 )           11             (3 )     (3 )      
Credit contracts
    (330 )     (688 )           (4 )     6             (1,016 )     (606 )
Other derivative contracts
    (43 )     (52 )           (7 )                 (102 )      
   
Total derivative contracts
    (832 )     3,566             (3,528 )     201       (3 )     (596 )     (315 )(4)
   
Other assets
    1,373       28             (67 )           (989 )     345       (20 )(3)
Short sale liabilities (corporate debt securities)
    (26 )     (2 )           (37 )           65              
Other liabilities (excluding derivatives)
    (1,085 )     (1,135 )           809       (359 )           (1,770 )     (1,133 )
   
(1)   Represents only net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management’s estimates of fair value and excludes changes due to the collection/realization of cash flows over time.
(2)   Included in other noninterest income in the income statement.
(3)   Included in mortgage banking in the income statement.
(4)   Included in mortgage banking, trading activities and other noninterest income in the income statement.

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The changes in the first nine months of 2009 for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
                                                         
 
                                                    Net unrealized  
            Total net gains     Purchases ,                   gains (losses)  
            (losses) included in     sales ,   Net             included in net  
                    Other     issuances     transfers             income related  
    Balance ,           compre-     and     into and/     Balance ,   to assets and  
    beginning     Net     hensive     settlements ,   or out of     end     liabilities held  
(in millions)   of period     income     income     net     Level 3     of period     at period end (1)  
   
Nine months ended September 30, 2009
                                                       
Trading assets (excluding derivatives)
  $ 3,495       191             (1,536 )     343       2,493       252 (2)
Securities available for sale:
                                                       
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
    903       20       45       47       (53 )     962       (6 )
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                                       
Federal agencies
    4                         (4 )            
Residential
    3,510       (55 )     1,100       (723 )     (1,426 )     2,406       (202 )
Commercial
    286       (119 )     928       21       744       1,860       (55 )
   
Total mortgage-backed securities
    3,800       (174 )     2,028       (702 )     (686 )     4,266       (257 )
   
Corporate debt securities
    282       2       44       (5 )     (78 )     245        
Collateralized debt obligations
    2,083       72       558       233       317       3,263       (71 )
Other
    12,799       73       1,302       1,229       (2,233 )     13,170       (87 )
   
Total debt securities
    19,867       (7 )     3,977       802       (2,733 )     21,906       (421 )
   
Marketable equity securities:
                                                       
Perpetual preferred securities
    2,775       96       169       (556 )     5       2,489       (1 )
Other marketable equity securities
    50             (4 )     30       (63 )     13        
   
Total marketable equity securities
    2,825       96       165       (526 )     (58 )     2,502       (1 )
   
Total securities available for sale
  $ 22,692       89       4,142       276       (2,791 )     24,408       (422 )
   
Mortgages held for sale
  $ 4,718       (66 )           (662 )     (116 )     3,874       (77 )(3)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)
    14,714       (5,293 )           5,079             14,500       (2,586 )(3)
Net derivative assets and liabilities
    37       1,079       (1 )     (1,454 )     (23 )     (362 )     (252 )(4)
Other assets (excluding derivatives)
    1,231       (42 )           35             1,224       (40 )(3)
Other liabilities (excluding derivatives)
    (638 )     (315 )           (74 )     (10 )     (1,037 )     (318 )
   
(1)   Represents only net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management’s estimates of fair value and excludes changes due to the collection/realization of cash flows over time.
(2)   Included in other noninterest income in the income statement.
(3)   Included in mortgage banking in the income statement.
(4)   Included in mortgage banking, trading activities and other noninterest income in the income statement.

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Changes in Fair Value Levels
We monitor the availability of observable market data to assess the appropriate classification of financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy. Changes in economic conditions or model-based valuation techniques may require the transfer of financial instruments from one fair value level to another. The amounts reported as transfers represent the fair value as of the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred.
We evaluate the significance of transfers between levels based upon the nature of the financial instrument and size of the transfer relative to total assets, total liabilities or total earnings. For the quarter ended September 30, 2010, there were no significant transfers in or out of Level 1. We transferred $918 million of securities available for sale from Level 3 to Level 2 primarily due to an increase in market activity for certain residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities.
Significant changes to Level 3 assets for the first nine months of 2010 are described as follows:
  Our adoption of new consolidation accounting guidance on January 1, 2010, impacted Level 3 balances for certain financial instruments. Reductions in Level 3 balances, which represent derecognition of existing investments in newly consolidated VIEs, are reflected as transfers out for the following categories: trading assets, $276 million; securities available for sale, $1.9 billion; and mortgage servicing rights, $118 million. Increases in Level 3 balances, which represent newly consolidated VIE assets, are reflected as transfers in for the following categories: securities available for sale, $829 million; loans, $366 million; and long-term debt, $359 million.
  We transferred $4.5 billion of securities available for sale from Level 3 to Level 2 due to an increase in the volume of trading activity for certain mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities, which resulted in increased occurrences of observable market prices. We also transferred $1.2 billion of securities available for sale from Level 2 to Level 3, primarily due to a decrease in liquidity for certain asset-backed securities.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we transferred $2.7 billion of securities available for sale from Level 3 to Level 2 due to increased trading activity.

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Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
We may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets. For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the nine months ended September 30, 2010, and year ended December 31, 2009, that were still held in the balance sheet at each respective period end, the following table provides the fair value hierarchy and the carrying value of the related individual assets or portfolios at period end.
                                 
 
    Carrying value at period end  
(in millions)   Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  
   
September 30, 2010
                               
Mortgages held for sale (1)
  $       1,986       818       2,804  
Loans held for sale
          485             485  
Loans:
                               
Commercial and commercial real estate:
                               
Commercial
          490       58       548  
Real estate mortgage
          1,288       2       1,290  
Real estate construction
          825             825  
   
Total commercial and commercial real estate
          2,603       60       2,663  
   
Consumer:
                               
Real estate 1 - 4 family first mortgage
          4,775             4,775  
Real estate 1 - 4 family junior liens
          396             396  
Other
          106       20       126  
   
Total consumer
          5,277       20       5,297  
   
Foreign
          12             12  
   
Total loans (2)
          7,892       80       7,972  
   
Other assets (3)
          547       51       598  
   
December 31, 2009
                               
Mortgages held for sale (1)
  $       1,105       711       1,816  
Loans held for sale
          444             444  
Loans (2)
          6,177       134       6,311  
Other assets (3)
          289       119       408  
   
(1)   Predominantly real estate 1-4 family first mortgage loans.
(2)   Represents carrying value of loans for which adjustments are based on the appraised value of the collateral. The carrying value of loans fully charged-off, which includes unsecured lines and loans, is zero.
(3)   Primarily represents the fair value of foreclosed real estate and other collateral owned that were measured at fair value subsequent to their initial classification as foreclosed assets.

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The following table presents the increase (decrease) in value of certain assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis for which a fair value adjustment has been included in the income statement.
         
 
(in millions)        
   
Nine months ended September 30, 2010
       
Mortgages held for sale
  $ 19  
Loans held for sale
    13  
Loans:
       
Commercial and commercial real estate:
       
Commercial
    (1,804 )
Real estate mortgage
    (566 )
Real estate construction
    (391 )
   
Total commercial and commercial real estate
    (2,761 )
   
Consumer:
       
Real estate 1 - 4 family first mortgage
    (1,995 )
Real estate 1 - 4 family junior liens
    (3,217 )
Other
    (2,635 )
   
Total consumer
    (7,847 )
   
Foreign
    (91 )
   
Total loans (1)
    (10,699 )
   
Other assets (2)
    (177 )
   
Total
  $ (10,844 )
   
Nine months ended September 30, 2009
       
Mortgages held for sale
  $ (12 )
Loans held for sale
    143  
Loans (1)
    (9,692 )
Other assets (2)
    (226 )
   
Total
  $ (9,787 )
   
   
(1)   Represents write-downs of loans based on the appraised value of the collateral and write-downs of loans fully charged-off to zero.
(2)   Primarily represents the losses on foreclosed real estate and other collateral owned that were measured at fair value subsequent to their initial classification as foreclosed assets.

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Alternative Investments
The following table summarizes our investments in various types of funds, which are included in trading assets, securities available for sale and other assets. We use the funds’ net asset values (NAVs) per share as a practical expedient to measure fair value on recurring and nonrecurring bases. The fair values presented in the table are based upon the funds’ NAVs or an equivalent measure.
                                 
 
                            Redemption  
    Fair     Unfunded     Redemption     notice  
(in millions)   value     commitments     frequency     period  
   
September 30, 2010
                               
Offshore funds
  $ 1,581           Daily - Annually     1 - 120 days  
Funds of funds
    70           Monthly - Annually     10 - 120 days  
Hedge funds
    21           Monthly - Annually     30 - 120 days  
Private equity funds
    1,813       753       N/A       N/A  
Venture capital funds
    89       40       N/A       N/A  
                   
Total
  $ 3,574       793                  
   

December 31, 2009

                               
Offshore funds (1)
  $ 1,559           Daily - Quarterly     1 - 90 days  
Funds of funds
    69           Monthly - Annually     10 - 120 days  
Hedge funds
    35           Monthly - Annually   30 - 180 days
Private equity funds
    901       340       N/A       N/A  
Venture capital funds
    93       47       N/A       N/A  
                   
Total
  $ 2,657       387                  
   
   
N/A — Not applicable
(1)   Balance has been revised from previously reported book value.
Offshore funds primarily invest in investment grade European fixed-income securities. Redemption restrictions are in place for investments with a fair value of $76 million at both September 30, 2010, and December 31, 2009, due to lock-up provisions that will remain in effect until November 2012.
Private equity funds invest in equity and debt securities issued by private and publicly-held companies in connection with leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations and expansion opportunities. Substantially all of these investments do not allow redemptions. Alternatively, we receive distributions as the underlying assets of the funds liquidate, which we expect to occur over the next 10 years.
Venture capital funds invest in domestic and foreign companies in a variety of industries, including information technology, financial services and healthcare. These investments can never be redeemed with the funds. Instead, we receive distributions as the underlying assets of the fund liquidate, which we expect to occur over the next seven years.

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Fair Value Option
The following table reflects the differences between fair value carrying amount of certain assets and liabilities for which we have elected the fair value option and the contractual aggregate unpaid principal amount at maturity.
                                                 
 
    Sept. 30, 2010     Dec. 31, 2009  
                    Fair value                     Fair value  
                    carrying                     carrying  
                    amount                     amount  
                    less                     less  
    Fair value     Aggregate     aggregate     Fair value     Aggregate     aggregate  
    carrying     unpaid     unpaid     carrying     unpaid     unpaid  
(in millions)   amount     principal     principal     amount     principal     principal  
   
Mortgages held for sale:
                                               
Total loans
  $ 42,791       41,908       883 (1)     36,962       37,072       (110 )(1)
Nonaccrual loans
    320       672       (352 )     268       560       (292 )
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing
    38       42       (4 )     49       63       (14 )
Loans held for sale:
                                               
Total loans
    436       461       (25 )     149       159       (10 )
Nonaccrual loans
    5       6       (1 )     5       2       3  
Loans:
                                               
Total loans
    353       380       (27 )                  
Nonaccrual loans
    14       16       (2 )                  
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing
    3       3                          
Long-term debt
    351       386       (35 )                  
   
(1)   The difference between fair value carrying amount and aggregate unpaid principal includes changes in fair value recorded at and subsequent to funding, gains and losses on the related loan commitment prior to funding, and premiums on acquired loans.

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The assets accounted for under the fair value option are initially measured at fair value. Gains and losses from initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. The changes in fair values related to initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value included in earnings for these assets measured at fair value are shown, by income statement line item, below.
                                 
 
    2010     2009  
    Mortgage banking             Mortgage banking        
    noninterest income             noninterest income        
    Net gains             Net gains        
    on mortgage     Other     on mortgage     Other  
    loan origination/sales     noninterest     loan origination/sales     noninterest  
(in millions)   activities     income     activities     income  
   
Quarter ended September 30,
                               
Mortgages held for sale
  $ 1,986             1,541        
Loans held for sale
          11             1  
Loans
    16                    
Long-term debt
    (15 )                  
Other interests held
          22             4  
   
Nine months ended September 30,
                               
Mortgages held for sale
  $ 5,217             3,834        
Loans held for sale
          28             93  
Loans
    68                    
Long-term debt
    (60 )                  
Other interests held
          (24 )           83  
   
Net gains on mortgage loans originations/sales activities related to MHFS includes changes in the fair value of the servicing associated with MHFS.
Interest income on MHFS measured at fair value is calculated based on the note rate of the loan and is recorded in interest income in the income statement.
The following table shows the estimated gains and losses from earnings attributable to instrument-specific credit risk related to assets accounted for under the fair value option.
                                 
 
                    Nine months  
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Mortgages held for sale
  $ (15 )     (82 )     (62 )     (200 )
Loans held for sale
    11       15       28       57  
   
Total
  $ (4 )     (67 )     (34 )     (143 )
   
   
For performing loans, instrument-specific credit risk gains or losses were derived principally by determining the change in fair value of the loans due to changes in the observable or implied credit spread. Credit spread is the market yield on the loans less the relevant risk-free benchmark interest rate. Since the second half of 2007, spreads have been significantly impacted by the lack of liquidity in the secondary market for mortgage loans. For nonperforming loans, we attribute all changes in fair value to instrument-specific credit risk.

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Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The table below is a summary of fair value estimates for financial instruments, excluding short-term financial assets and liabilities because carrying amounts approximate fair value, and excluding financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The carrying amounts in the following table are recorded in the balance sheet under the indicated captions.
We have not included assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments in our disclosure, such as the value of the long-term relationships with our deposit, credit card and trust customers, amortized MSRs, premises and equipment, goodwill and other intangibles, deferred taxes and other liabilities. The total of the fair value calculations presented does not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.
                                 
 
    Sept. 30, 2010     Dec. 31, 2009  
    Carrying     Estimated     Carrying     Estimated  
(in millions)   amount     fair value     amount     fair value  
   
Financial assets
                               
Mortgages held for sale (1)
  $ 3,210       3,220       2,132       2,132  
Loans held for sale (2)
    752       780       5,584       5,719  
Loans, net (3)
    716,604       706,306       744,225       717,798  
Nonmarketable equity investments (cost method)
    8,506       8,764       9,793       9,889  
Financial liabilities
                               
Deposits
    814,512       816,233       824,018       824,678  
Long-term debt (3)(4)
    162,753       169,755       203,784       205,752  
   
(1)   Balance excludes mortgages held for sale for which the fair value option was elected, and therefore includes nonprime and other residential and commercial mortgages held for sale.
(2)   Balance excludes loans held for sale for which the fair value option was elected.
(3)   At September 30, 2010, loans and long-term debt exclude balances for which the fair value option was elected. Loans exclude lease financing with a carrying amount of $13.0 billion at September 30, 2010, and $14.2 billion at December 31, 2009.
(4)   The carrying amount and fair value exclude obligations under capital leases of $39 million at September 30, 2010, and $77 million at December 31, 2009.
Loan commitments, standby letters of credit and commercial and similar letters of credit are not included in the table above. These instruments generate ongoing fees at our current pricing levels, which are recognized over the term of the commitment period. In situations where the credit quality of the counterparty to a commitment has declined, we record a reserve. A reasonable estimate of the fair value of these instruments is the carrying value of deferred fees plus the related reserve. This amounted to $669 million at September 30, 2010, and $725 million at December 31, 2009. Certain letters of credit that are hedged with derivative instruments are carried at fair value in trading assets or liabilities. For those letters of credit fair value is calculated based on readily quotable credit default spreads, using a market risk credit default swap model.

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13. PREFERRED STOCK
We are authorized to issue 20 million shares of preferred stock and 4 million shares of preference stock, both without par value. Preferred shares outstanding rank senior to common shares both as to dividends and liquidation preference but have no general voting rights. We have not issued any preference shares under this authorization. If issued, preference shares would be limited to one vote per share. Our total issued and outstanding preferred stock includes Dividend Equalization Preference (DEP) shares and Series J, K and L, which are presented in table below, and ESOP Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, which is presented in table on following page.
The detail of the preferred stock provided in the table below is unchanged at September 30, 2010, from December 31, 2009.
                                 
 
    Shares                      
    issued and             Carrying        
(in millions, except shares and liquidation preference per share)   outstanding     Par value     value     Discount  
   

DEP Shares

                               
Dividend Equalization Preferred Shares,
                               
$10 liquidation preference per share, 97,000 shares authorized
    96,546     $              

Series J

                               
8.00% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A
                               
Preferred Stock, Series J, $1,000 liquidation preference per share, 2,300,000 shares authorized
    2,150,375       2,150       1,995       155  

Series K

                               
7.98% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative
                               
Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series K, $1,000 liquidation preference per share, 3,500,000 shares authorized
    3,352,000       3,352       2,876       476  

Series L

                               
7.50% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible
                               
Class A Preferred Stock, Series L, $1,000 liquidation preference per share, 4,025,000 shares authorized
    3,968,000       3,968       3,200       768  
   
Total (1)
    9,566,921     $ 9,470       8,071       1,399  
   
   
(1)   Series J, K and L preferred shares qualify as Tier 1 capital.
In addition to the preferred stock issued and outstanding described in the table above, at September 30, 2010, we have the following preferred stock authorized with no shares issued and outstanding:
  Series A — Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, $100,000 liquidation preference per share, 25,001 shares authorized
  Series B — Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B, $100,000 liquidation preference per share, 17,501 shares authorized
  Series G — 7.25% Class A Preferred Stock, Series G, $15,000 liquidation preference per share, 50,000 shares authorized
  Series H — Floating Class A Preferred Stock, Series H, $20,000 liquidation preference per share, 50,000 shares authorized
  Series I — 5.80% Fixed to Floating Class A Preferred Stock, Series I, $100,000 liquidation preference per share, 25,010 shares authorized

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ESOP Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock All shares of our ESOP (Employee Stock Ownership Plan) Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (ESOP Preferred Stock) were issued to a trustee acting on behalf of the Wells Fargo & Company 401(k) Plan (the 401(k) Plan). Dividends on the ESOP Preferred Stock are cumulative from the date of initial issuance and are payable quarterly at annual rates based on the year of issuance. Each share of ESOP Preferred Stock released from the unallocated reserve of the 401(k) Plan is converted into shares of our common stock based on the stated value of the ESOP Preferred Stock and the then current market price of our common stock. The ESOP Preferred Stock is also convertible at the option of the holder at any time, unless previously redeemed. We have the option to redeem the ESOP Preferred Stock at any time, in whole or in part, at a redemption price per share equal to the higher of (a) $1,000 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends or (b) the fair market value, as defined in the Certificates of Designation for the ESOP Preferred Stock.
                                                 
 
    Shares issued and outstanding     Carrying value     Adjustable  
    Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,   Sept. 30 ,   Dec. 31 ,   dividend rate  
(in millions, except shares)   2010     2009     2010     2009     Minimum     Maximum  
   
ESOP Preferred Stock,
                                               
$1,000 liquidation preference per share
                                               
2010
    374,618           $ 375             9.50 %     10.50  
2008
    110,254       120,289       110       120       10.50       11.50  
2007
    94,494       97,624       94       98       10.75       11.75  
2006
    69,032       71,322       69       71       10.75       11.75  
2005
    49,992       51,687       50       52       9.75       10.75  
2004
    35,215       36,425       35       37       8.50       9.50  
2003
    20,741       21,450       21       21       8.50       9.50  
2002
    11,543       11,949       12       12       10.50       11.50  
2001
    3,172       3,273       3       3       10.50       11.50  
                   
Total ESOP Preferred Stock (1)
    769,061       414,019     $ 769       414                  
                   
Unearned ESOP shares (2)
                  $ (826 )     (442 )                
                   
   
(1)   At September 30, 2010, and December 31, 2009, additional paid-in capital included $57 million and $28 million, respectively, related to preferred stock.
(2)   We recorded a corresponding charge to unearned ESOP shares in connection with the issuance of the ESOP Preferred Stock. The unearned ESOP shares are reduced as shares of the ESOP Preferred Stock are committed to be released.

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14. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
We sponsor a noncontributory qualified defined benefit retirement plan, the Wells Fargo & Company Cash Balance Plan (Cash Balance Plan), which covers eligible employees of Wells Fargo; the benefits earned under the Cash Balance Plan were frozen effective July 1, 2009.
On April 28, 2009, the Board of Directors approved amendments to freeze the benefits earned under the Wells Fargo qualified and supplemental Cash Balance Plans and the Wachovia Corporation Pension Plan, a cash balance plan that covered eligible employees of the legacy Wachovia Corporation, and to merge the Wachovia Pension Plan into the qualified Cash Balance Plan. These actions became effective on July 1, 2009.
The net periodic benefit cost was:
                                                 
 
    2010     2009  
    Pension benefits             Pension benefits        
            Non-     Other             Non-     Other  
(in millions)   Qualified     qualified     benefits     Qualified     qualified     benefits  
   
Quarter ended September 30,
                                               
Service cost
  $ 1             4       2             4  
Interest cost
    139       10       19       150       11       20  
Expected return on plan assets
    (180 )           (7 )     (160 )           (7 )
Amortization of net actuarial loss
    27                   20              
Amortization of prior service cost
                (1 )                 (1 )
Curtailment gain (loss)
    2             (3 )                  
   
Net periodic benefit cost (income)
  $ (11 )     10       12       12       11       16  
   
Nine months ended September 30,
                                               
Service cost
  $ 4             10       209       8       10  
Interest cost
    416       28       58       444       32       62  
Expected return on plan assets
    (538 )           (21 )     (483 )           (21 )
Amortization of net actuarial loss
    79       2             174       3       2  
Amortization of prior service cost
                (3 )           (3 )     (3 )
Curtailment gain (loss)
    2             (3 )     (32 )     (35 )      
   
Net periodic benefit cost (income)
  $ (37 )     30       41       312       5       50  
   
   

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15. EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
The table below shows earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share and reconciles the numerator and denominator of both earnings per common share calculations.
                                 
 
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions, except per share amounts)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Wells Fargo net income
  $ 3,339       3,235       8,948       9,452  
Less: Preferred stock dividends, accretion and other (1)
    189       598       548       1,856  
   
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock (numerator)
  $ 3,150       2,637       8,400       7,596  
   
Earnings per common share
                               
Average common shares outstanding (denominator)
    5,240.1       4,678.3       5,216.9       4,471.2  
Per share
  $ 0.60       0.56       1.61       1.70  
   
Diluted earnings per common share
                               
Average common shares outstanding
    5,240.1       4,678.3       5,216.9       4,471.2  
Add: Stock options
    23.7       27.7       29.1       13.8  
Restricted share rights
    9.4       0.4       6.9       0.3  
   
Diluted average common shares outstanding (denominator)
    5,273.2       4,706.4       5,252.9       4,485.3  
   
Per share
  $ 0.60       0.56       1.60       1.69  
   
   
(1)   For the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2010, includes $184 million and $553 million, respectively, of preferred stock dividends.
The following table presents the outstanding options and warrants to purchase shares of common stock that were anti-dilutive (the exercise price was higher than the weighted-average market price), and therefore not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share.
                                 
 
    Weighted-average shares  
    Quarter ended Sept. 30 ,   Nine months ended Sept. 30 ,
(in millions)   2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Options
    211.8       220.6       212.8       288.3  
Warrants
    39.9       110.3       75.1       110.3  
   

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16. OPERATING SEGMENTS
We have three lines of business for management reporting: Community Banking; Wholesale Banking; and Wealth, Brokerage and Retirement. The results for these lines of business are based on our management accounting process, which assigns balance sheet and income statement items to each responsible operating segment. This process is dynamic and, unlike financial accounting, there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management accounting equivalent to GAAP. The management accounting process measures the performance of the operating segments based on our management structure and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for other financial services companies. We define our operating segments by product type and customer segment. If the management structure and/or the allocation process changes, allocations, transfers and assignments may change. In first quarter 2010, we conformed certain funding and allocation methodologies of legacy Wachovia to those of Wells Fargo; in addition, integration expense related to mergers other than the Wachovia merger are now included in segment results. Prior periods have been revised to reflect both changes.
Community Banking offers a complete line of diversified financial products and services to consumers and small businesses with annual sales generally up to $20 million in which the owner generally is the financial decision maker. Community Banking also offers investment management and other services to retail customers and securities brokerage through affiliates. These products and services include the Wells Fargo Advantage FundsSM, a family of mutual funds. Loan products include lines of credit, equity lines and loans, equipment and transportation loans, education loans, origination and purchase of residential mortgage loans and servicing of mortgage loans and credit cards. Other credit products and financial services available to small businesses and their owners include receivables and inventory financing, equipment leases, real estate and other commercial financing, Small Business Administration financing, venture capital financing, cash management, payroll services, retirement plans, Health Savings Accounts, credit cards, and merchant payment processing. Community Banking also purchases sales finance contracts from retail merchants throughout the United States and directly from auto dealers in Puerto Rico. Consumer and business deposit products include checking accounts, savings deposits, market rate accounts, Individual Retirement Accounts, time deposits and debit cards.
Community Banking serves customers through a complete range of channels, including traditional banking stores, in-store banking centers, business centers, ATMs, Online and Mobile Banking, and Wells Fargo Customer Connection, a 24-hours a day, seven days a week telephone service.

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Wholesale Banking provides financial solutions to businesses across the United States with annual sales generally in excess of $10 million and to financial institutions globally. Wholesale Banking provides a complete line of commercial, corporate, capital markets, cash management and real estate banking products and services. These include traditional commercial loans and lines of credit, letters of credit, asset-based lending, equipment leasing, mezzanine financing, high-yield debt, international trade facilities, trade financing, collection services, foreign exchange services, treasury management, investment management, institutional fixed-income sales, interest rate, commodity and equity risk management, online/electronic products such as the Commercial Electronic Office® (CEO®) portal, insurance, corporate trust fiduciary and agency services, and investment banking services. Wholesale Banking manages customer investments through institutional separate accounts and mutual funds, including the Wells Fargo Advantage Funds and Wells Capital Management. Wholesale Banking also supports the CRE market with products and services such as construction loans for commercial and residential development, land acquisition and development loans, secured and unsecured lines of credit, interim financing arrangements for completed structures, rehabilitation loans, affordable housing loans and letters of credit, permanent loans for securitization, CRE loan servicing and real estate and mortgage brokerage services.
Wealth, Brokerage and Retirement provides a full range of financial advisory, lending, fiduciary, and investment management services to clients using a planning approach to meet each client’s needs. Wealth Management uses an integrated model to provide affluent and high-net-worth customers with a complete range of wealth management solutions and services. Family Wealth meets the unique needs of ultra-high-net-worth customers managing multi-generational assets — those with at least $50 million in assets. Brokerage serves customers’ advisory, brokerage and financial needs, including investment management, portfolio monitoring and estate planning as part of one of the largest full-service brokerage firms in the United States. Brokerage also offers access to banking products, insurance, and investment banking services. First Clearing LLC, our correspondent clearing firm, provides technology, product and other business support to broker-dealers across the United States. Retirement is a national leader in providing institutional retirement and trust services (including 401(k) and pension plan record keeping) for businesses, retail retirement solutions for individuals, and reinsurance services for the life insurance industry.
Other includes corporate items (such as integration expenses related to the Wachovia merger) not specific to a business segment and elimination of certain items that are included in more than one business segment.

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The following table presents certain financial information and related metrics by operating segment and in total for the consolidated company.
                                                                                 
 
    Community     Wholesale     Wealth, Brokerage                     Consolidated  
(income/expense in millions, average   Banking     Banking     and Retirement     Other (3)     Company  
balances in billions)   2010     2009     2010     2009     2010     2009     2010     2009     2010     2009  
   
Quarter ended September 30,
                                                                               
Net interest income (1)
  $ 7,864       8,841       2,881       2,535       683       580       (330 )     (272 )     11,098       11,684  
Provision for credit losses
    3,165       4,635       270       1,368       77       233       (67 )     (125 )     3,445       6,111  
Noninterest income
    5,723       6,709       2,367       2,399       2,229       2,188       (543 )     (514 )     9,776       10,782  
Noninterest expense
    7,356       7,034       2,696       2,647       2,420       2,333       (219 )     (330 )     12,253       11,684  
   
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)
    3,066       3,881       2,282       919       415       202       (587 )     (331 )     5,176       4,671  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    991       1,089       826       322       157       69       (223 )     (125 )     1,751       1,355  
   
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests
    2,075       2,792       1,456       597       258       133       (364 )     (206 )     3,425       3,316  
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests
    73       56       11       3       2       22                   86       81  
   
Net income (loss) (2)
  $ 2,002       2,736       1,445       594       256       111       (364 )     (206 )     3,339       3,235  
   
Average loans
  $ 527.0       553.2       222.5       247.0       42.6       45.4       (32.6 )     (35.4 )     759.5       810.2  
Average assets
    778.1       804.9       363.7       368.4       138.2       129.8       (59.6 )     (57.0 )     1,220.4       1,246.1  
Average core deposits
    535.7       550.2       172.2       146.8       120.7       116.3       (56.6 )     (54.0 )     772.0       759.3  
   
Nine months ended September 30,
                                                                               
Net interest income (1)
  $ 24,284       26,461       8,359       7,338       2,031       1,858       (980 )     (833 )     33,694       34,824  
Provision for credit losses
    11,052       12,958       1,695       2,649       221       367       (204 )     (219 )     12,764       15,755  
Noninterest income
    17,092       18,721       7,867       7,724       6,658       6,253       (1,595 )     (1,532 )     30,022       31,166  
Noninterest expense
    22,297       22,366       8,196       7,982       7,160       6,868       (537 )     (1,017 )     37,116       36,199  
   
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)
    8,027       9,858       6,335       4,431       1,308       876       (1,834 )     (1,129 )     13,836       14,036  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    2,601       2,895       2,267       1,582       495       334       (697 )     (429 )     4,666       4,382  
   
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests
    5,426       6,963       4,068       2,849       813       542       (1,137 )     (700 )     9,170       9,654  
Less: Net income (loss) from noncontrolling interests
    203       190       14       15       5       (3 )                 222       202  
   
Net income (loss) (2)
  $ 5,223       6,773       4,054       2,834       808       545       (1,137 )     (700 )     8,948       9,452  
   
Average loans
  $ 540.3       562.2       226.0       261.1       43.0       46.0       (33.0 )     (36.2 )     776.3       833.1  
Average assets
    780.4       813.2       362.5       384.7       139.0       124.7       (58.4 )     (52.5 )     1,223.5       1,270.1  
Average core deposits
    533.7       556.9       164.9       141.3       121.1       110.9       (55.4 )     (49.4 )     764.3       759.7  
   
(1)   Net interest income is the difference between interest earned on assets and the cost of liabilities to fund those assets. Interest earned includes actual interest earned on segment assets and, if the segment has excess liabilities, interest credits for providing funding to other segments. The cost of liabilities includes interest expense on segment liabilities and, if the segment does not have enough liabilities to fund its assets, a funding charge based on the cost of excess liabilities from another segment.
(2)   Represents segment net income (loss) for Community Banking; Wholesale Banking; and Wealth, Brokerage and Retirement segments and Wells Fargo net income for the consolidated company.
(3)   Includes Wachovia integration expenses and the elimination of items that are included in both Community Banking and Wealth, Brokerage and Retirement, largely representing wealth management customers serviced and products sold in the stores.

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17. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Following are the condensed consolidating financial statements of the Parent and Wells Fargo Financial, Inc. (WFFI) and its owned subsidiaries.
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income
                                         
 
    Quarter ended September 30, 2010  
                    Other                
                    consolidating             Consolidated  
(in millions)   Parent     WFFI     subsidiaries     Eliminations     Company  
   
Dividends from subsidiaries:
                                       
Bank
  $ 3,926                   (3,926 )      
Nonbank
                             
Interest income from loans
          657       9,267       (145 )     9,779  
Interest income from subsidiaries
    386             5       (391 )      
Other interest income
    65       28       3,258             3,351  
   
Total interest income
    4,377       685       12,530       (4,462 )     13,130  
   
Deposits
                721             721  
Short-term borrowings
    125       13       214       (325 )     27  
Long-term debt
    746       220       471       (211 )     1,226  
Other interest expense
                58             58  
   
Total interest expense
    871       233       1,464       (536 )     2,032  
   
Net interest income
    3,506       452       11,066       (3,926 )     11,098  
Provision for credit losses
          216       3,229             3,445  
   
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    3,506       236       7,837       (3,926 )     7,653  
   
Noninterest income
                                       
Fee income — nonaffiliates
          29       5,606             5,635  
Other
    (34 )     34       4,318       (177 )     4,141  
   
Total noninterest income
    (34 )     63       9,924       (177 )     9,776  
   
Noninterest expense
                                       
Salaries and benefits
    (14 )     25       6,821             6,832  
Other
    222       136       5,240       (177 )     5,421  
   
Total noninterest expense
    208       161       12,061       (177 )     12,253  
   
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
    3,264       138       5,700       (3,926 )     5,176  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    (235 )     48       1,938             1,751  
Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
    (160 )                 160        
   
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests
    3,339       90       3,762       (3,766 )     3,425  
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests
                86             86  
   
Parent, WFFI, Other and Wells Fargo net income (loss)
  $ 3,339       90       3,676       (3,766 )     3,339  
   
   

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Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income
                                         
 
    Quarter ended September 30, 2009  
                    Other                
                    consolidating             Consolidated  
(in millions)   Parent     WFFI     subsidiaries     Eliminations     Company  
   
Dividends from subsidiaries:
                                       
Bank
  $ 2,411                   (2,411 )      
Nonbank
    200                   (200 )      
Interest income from loans
          827       9,346       (3 )     10,170  
Interest income from subsidiaries
    480                   (480 )      
Other interest income
    104       27       3,662       5       3,798  
   
Total interest income
    3,195       854       13,008       (3,089 )     13,968  
   
Deposits
                917       (12 )     905  
Short-term borrowings
    32       11       156       (167 )     32  
Long-term debt
    761       304       592       (356 )     1,301  
Other interest expense
                46             46  
   
Total interest expense
    793       315       1,711       (535 )     2,284  
   
Net interest income
    2,402       539       11,297       (2,554 )     11,684  
Provision for credit losses
          463       5,648             6,111  
   
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    2,402       76       5,649       (2,554 )     5,573  
   
Noninterest income
                                       
Fee income — nonaffiliates
          32       5,844             5,876  
Other
    339       57       5,186       (676 )     4,906  
   
Total noninterest income
    339       89       11,030       (676 )     10,782  
   
Noninterest expense
                                       
Salaries and benefits
    29       42       6,442             6,513  
Other
    110       179       5,589       (707 )     5,171  
   
Total noninterest expense
    139       221       12,031       (707 )     11,684  
   
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
    2,602       (56 )     4,648       (2,523 )     4,671  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    (175 )     (18 )     1,548             1,355  
Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
    458                   (458 )      
   
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests
    3,235       (38 )     3,100       (2,981 )     3,316  
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests
          1       80             81  
   
Parent, WFFI, Other and Wells Fargo net income (loss)
  $ 3,235       (39 )     3,020       (2,981 )     3,235  
   
   

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Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income
                                         
 
    Nine months ended September 30, 2010  
                    Other                
                    consolidating             Consolidated  
(in millions)   Parent     WFFI     subsidiaries     Eliminations     Company  
   
Dividends from subsidiaries:
                                       
Bank
  $ 9,901                   (9,901 )      
Nonbank
    21                   (21 )      
Interest income from loans
          2,076       28,239       (221 )     30,094  
Interest income from subsidiaries
    1,036             14       (1,050 )      
Other interest income
    229       88       9,416             9,733  
   
Total interest income
    11,187       2,164       37,669       (11,193 )     39,827  
   
Deposits
                2,170             2,170  
Short-term borrowings
    169       33       401       (537 )     66  
Long-term debt
    2,193       767       1,509       (734 )     3,735  
Other interest expense
    1             161             162  
   
Total interest expense
    2,363       800       4,241       (1,271 )     6,133  
   
Net interest income
    8,824       1,364       33,428       (9,922 )     33,694  
Provision for credit losses
          735       12,029             12,764  
   
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    8,824       629       21,399       (9,922 )     20,930  
   
Noninterest income
                                       
Fee income — nonaffiliates
          83       17,412             17,495  
Other
    348       110       12,585       (516 )     12,527  
   
Total noninterest income
    348       193       29,997       (516 )     30,022  
   
Noninterest expense
                                       
Salaries and benefits
    (64 )     121       20,255             20,312  
Other
    687       493       16,140       (516 )     16,804  
   
Total noninterest expense
    623       614       36,395       (516 )     37,116  
   
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
    8,549       208       15,001       (9,922 )     13,836  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    (443 )     73       5,036             4,666  
Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
    (44 )                 44        
   
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests
    8,948       135       9,965       (9,878 )     9,170  
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests
                222             222  
   
Parent, WFFI, Other and Wells Fargo net income (loss)
  $ 8,948       135       9,743       (9,878 )     8,948  
   
   

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Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income
                                         
 
    Nine months ended September 30, 2009  
                    Other                
                    consolidating             Consolidated  
(in millions)   Parent     WFFI     subsidiaries     Eliminations     Company  
   
Dividends from subsidiaries:
                                       
Bank
  $ 3,128                   (3,128 )      
Nonbank
    409                   (409 )      
Interest income from loans
          2,679       28,800       (12 )     31,467  
Interest income from subsidiaries
    1,711                   (1,711 )      
Other interest income
    331       80       10,704             11,115  
   
Total interest income
    5,579       2,759       39,504       (5,260 )     42,582  
   
Deposits
                2,894       (33 )     2,861  
Short-term borrowings
    146       28       730       (694 )     210  
Long-term debt
    2,650       1,010       2,074       (1,169 )     4,565  
Other interest expense
                122             122  
   
Total interest expense
    2,796       1,038       5,820       (1,896 )     7,758  
   
Net interest income
    2,783       1,721       33,684       (3,364 )     34,824  
Provision for credit losses
          1,486       14,269             15,755  
   
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    2,783       235       19,415       (3,364 )     19,069  
   
Noninterest income
                                       
Fee income — nonaffiliates
          115       16,871             16,986  
Other
    653       128       15,211       (1,812 )     14,180  
   
Total noninterest income
    653       243       32,082       (1,812 )     31,166  
   
Noninterest expense
                                       
Salaries and benefits
    311       92       19,329             19,732  
Other
    373       550       17,385       (1,841 )     16,467  
   
Total noninterest expense
    684       642       36,714       (1,841 )     36,199  
   
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
    2,752       (164 )     14,783       (3,335 )     14,036  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    (409 )     (53 )     4,844             4,382  
Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
    6,291                   (6,291 )      
   
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests
    9,452       (111 )     9,939       (9,626 )     9,654  
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests
          1       201             202  
   
Parent, WFFI, Other and Wells Fargo net income (loss)
  $ 9,452       (112 )     9,738       (9,626 )     9,452  
   
   

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Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
                                         
 
    September 30, 2010  
                    Other                
                    consolidating             Consolidated  
(in millions)   Parent     WFFI     subsidiaries     Eliminations     Company  
   
Assets
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents due from:
                                       
Subsidiary banks
  $ 28,021       176             (28,197 )      
Nonaffiliates
    9       161       72,380             72,550  
Securities available for sale
    4,483       2,843       169,549             176,875  
Mortgages and loans held for sale
                47,189             47,189  

Loans

    7       31,276       734,248       (11,867 )     753,664  
Loans to subsidiaries:
                                       
Bank
    3,885                   (3,885 )      
Nonbank
    52,704                   (52,704 )      
Allowance for loan losses
          (1,676 )     (22,263 )           (23,939 )
   
Net loans
    56,596       29,600       711,985       (68,456 )     729,725  
   
Investments in subsidiaries:
                                       
Bank
    133,751                   (133,751 )      
Nonbank
    14,461                   (14,461 )      
Other assets
    8,794       1,321       186,133       (1,803 )     194,445  
   
Total assets
  $ 246,115       34,101       1,187,236       (246,668 )     1,220,784  
   
Liabilities and equity
                                       
Deposits
  $             842,709       (28,197 )     814,512  
Short-term borrowings
    1,053       13,252       77,714       (41,304 )     50,715  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    7,177       1,617       60,258       (1,803 )     67,249  
Long-term debt
    102,936       17,520       58,548       (15,861 )     163,143  
Indebtedness to subsidiaries
    11,291                   (11,291 )      
   
Total liabilities
    122,457       32,389       1,039,229       (98,456 )     1,095,619  
   
Parent, WFFI, other and
                                       
Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity
    123,658       1,701       146,511       (148,212 )     123,658  
Noncontrolling interests
          11       1,496             1,507  
   
Total equity
    123,658       1,712       148,007       (148,212 )     125,165  
   
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 246,115       34,101       1,187,236       (246,668 )     1,220,784  
   
   

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Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
                                         
 
    December 31, 2009  
                    Other                
                    consolidating             Consolidated  
(in millions)   Parent     WFFI     subsidiaries     Eliminations     Company  
   
Assets
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents due from:
                                       
Subsidiary banks
  $ 27,303       205             (27,508 )      
Nonaffiliates
    11       249       67,705             67,965  
Securities available for sale
    4,666       2,665       165,379             172,710  
Mortgages and loans held for sale
                44,827             44,827  

Loans

    7       35,199       750,045       (2,481 )     782,770  
Loans to subsidiaries:
                                       
Bank
    6,760                   (6,760 )      
Nonbank
    56,316                   (56,316 )      
Allowance for loan losses
          (1,877 )     (22,639 )           (24,516 )
   
Net loans
    63,083       33,322       727,406       (65,557 )     758,254  
   
Investments in subsidiaries:
                                       
Bank
    134,063                   (134,063 )      
Nonbank
    12,816                   (12,816 )      
Other assets
    10,758       1,500       189,049       (1,417 )     199,890  
   
Total assets
  $ 252,700       37,941       1,194,366       (241,361 )     1,243,646  
   
Liabilities and equity
                                       
Deposits
  $             851,526       (27,508 )     824,018  
Short-term borrowings
    1,546       10,599       59,813       (32,992 )     38,966  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    7,878       1,439       54,542       (1,417 )     62,442  
Long-term debt
    119,353       24,437       80,499       (20,428 )     203,861  
Indebtedness to subsidiaries
    12,137                   (12,137 )      
   
Total liabilities
    140,914       36,475       1,046,380       (94,482 )     1,129,287  
   
Parent, WFFI, other and
                                       
Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity
    111,786       1,456       145,423       (146,879 )     111,786  
Noncontrolling interests
          10       2,563             2,573  
   
Total equity
    111,786       1,466       147,986       (146,879 )     114,359  
   
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 252,700       37,941       1,194,366       (241,361 )     1,243,646  
   
   

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Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
                                 
 
    Nine months ended September 30, 2010  
                    Other        
                    consolidating        
                    subsidiaries/     Consolidated  
(in millions)   Parent     WFFI     eliminations     Company  
   
Cash flows from operating activities:
                               
Net cash provided by operating activities
  $ 12,841       1,245       8,714       22,800  
   
Cash flows from investing activities:
                               
Securities available for sale:
                               
Sales proceeds
    385       681       4,059       5,125  
Prepayments and maturities
          166       33,183       33,349  
Purchases
    (119 )     (889 )     (36,153 )     (37,161 )
Loans:
                               
Decrease (increase) in banking subsidiaries’ loan originations, net of collections
          (48 )     27,407       27,359  
Proceeds from sales (including participations) of loans originated for investment by banking subsidiaries
                5,011       5,011  
Purchases (including participations) of loans by banking subsidiaries
                (1,673 )     (1,673 )
Principal collected on nonbank entities’ loans
          8,249       3,457       11,706  
Loans originated by nonbank entities
          (4,590 )     (3,370 )     (7,960 )
Net repayments from (advances to) subsidiaries
    (2,424 )     (693 )     3,117        
Principal collected on notes/loans made to subsidiaries
    8,899             (8,899 )      
Net decrease (increase) in investment in subsidiaries
    1,344             (1,344 )      
Net cash paid for acquisitions
                (23 )     (23 )
Other, net
    13       13       (10,223 )     (10,197 )
   
Net cash provided by investing activities
    8,098       2,889       14,549       25,536  
   
Cash flows from financing activities:
                               
Net change in:
                               
Deposits
                (9,506 )     (9,506 )
Short-term borrowings
    211       2,827       3,584       6,622  
Long-term debt:
                               
Proceeds from issuance
    1,665             973       2,638  
Repayment
    (21,210 )     (7,078 )     (29,502 )     (57,790 )
Preferred stock:
                               
Cash dividends paid
    (620 )                 (620 )
Common stock:
                               
Proceeds from issuance
    1,050                   1,050  
Repurchased
    (71 )                 (71 )
Cash dividends paid
    (783 )                 (783 )
Common stock warrants repurchased
    (544 )                 (544 )
Excess tax benefits related to stock option payments
    79                   79  
Net change in noncontrolling interests
                (490 )     (490 )
   
Net cash used by financing activities
    (20,223 )     (4,251 )     (34,941 )     (59,415 )
   
Net change in cash and due from banks
    716       (117 )     (11,678 )     (11,079 )
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period
    27,314       454       (688 )     27,080  
   
Cash and due from banks at end of period
  $ 28,030       337       (12,366 )     16,001  
   
   

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Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
                                 
 
    Nine months ended September 30, 2009  
                    Other        
                    consolidating        
                    subsidiaries/     Consolidated  
(in millions)   Parent     WFFI     eliminations     Company  
   
Cash flows from operating activities:
                               
Net cash provided by operating activities
  $ 4,113       1,271       19,866       25,250  
   
Cash flows from investing activities:
                               
Securities available for sale:
                               
Sales proceeds
    655       679       45,003       46,337  
Prepayments and maturities
          267       28,479       28,746  
Purchases
    (346 )     (1,422 )     (87,627 )     (89,395 )
Loans:
                               
Decrease (increase) in banking subsidiaries’ loan originations, net of collections
          (646 )     44,983       44,337  
Proceeds from sales (including participations) of loans originated for investment by banking subsidiaries
                4,569       4,569  
Purchases (including participations) of loans by banking subsidiaries
                (2,007 )     (2,007 )
Principal collected on nonbank entities’ loans
          7,815       2,409       10,224  
Loans originated by nonbank entities
          (3,886 )     (3,231 )     (7,117 )
Net repayments from (advances to) subsidiaries
    14,988             (14,988 )      
Capital notes and term loans made to subsidiaries
    (80 )           80        
Principal collected on notes/loans made to subsidiaries
    7,179             (7,179 )      
Net decrease (increase) in investment in subsidiaries
    (5,209 )           5,209        
Net cash paid for acquisitions
                (132 )     (132 )
Other, net
    22,486       147       16,959       39,592  
   
Net cash provided by investing activities
    39,673       2,954       32,527       75,154  
   
Cash flows from financing activities:
                               
Net change in:
                               
Deposits
                15,212       15,212  
Short-term borrowings
    (20,492 )     2,740       (59,522 )     (77,274 )
Long-term debt:
                               
Proceeds from issuance
    3,665             1,138       4,803  
Repayment
    (20,158 )     (7,002 )     (28,172 )     (55,332 )
Preferred stock:
                               
Cash dividends paid
    (1,616 )                 (1,616 )
Common stock:
                               
Proceeds from issuance
    9,590                   9,590  
Repurchased
    (80 )                 (80 )
Cash dividends paid
    (1,891 )                 (1,891 )
Excess tax benefits related to stock option payments
    9                   9  
Net change in noncontrolling interests
          1       (356 )     (355 )
Other, net
    (35 )           35        
   
Net cash used by financing activities
    (31,008 )     (4,261 )     (71,665 )     (106,934 )
   
Net change in cash and due from banks
    12,778       (36 )     (19,272 )     (6,530 )
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period
    15,658       426       7,679       23,763  
   
Cash and due from banks at end of period
  $ 28,436       390       (11,593 )     17,233  
   
   

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18. REGULATORY AND AGENCY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
The Company and each of its subsidiary banks are subject to various regulatory capital adequacy requirements administered by the Federal Reserve Board (FRB) and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, respectively. Effective March 20, 2010, Wachovia Bank, N.A. merged with and into Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
We do not consolidate our wholly-owned trusts (the Trusts) formed solely to issue trust preferred securities. The amount of trust preferred securities and perpetual preferred purchase securities issued by the Trusts that was includable in Tier 1 capital in accordance with FRB risk-based capital guidelines was $19.2 billion at September 30, 2010. The junior subordinated debentures held by the Trusts were included in the Company’s long-term debt.
                                                 
 
                                    To be well capitalized  
                                    under the FDICIA  
                    For capital     prompt corrective  
    Actual     adequacy purposes     action provisions  
(in billions)   Amount     Ratio     Amount     Ratio     Amount     Ratio  
   
As of September 30, 2010:
                                               
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)
                                               
Wells Fargo & Company
  $ 144.1       14.88 %   ³ $77.5     ³ 8.00 %                
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
    117.8       13.36     ³ 70.6     ³ 8.00     ³ $88.2     ³ 10.00 %

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)

                                               
Wells Fargo & Company
    105.6       10.90     ³ 38.7     ³ 4.00                  
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
    89.8       10.18     ³ 35.3     ³ 4.00     ³ 52.9     ³ 6.00  

Tier 1 capital (to average assets)

                                               
(Leverage ratio)
                                               
Wells Fargo & Company
    105.6       9.01     ³ 46.9     ³ 4.00 (1)                
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
    89.8       8.71     ³ 41.3     ³ 4.00 (1)   ³ 51.6     ³ 5.00  
   
(1)   The leverage ratio consists of Tier 1 capital divided by quarterly average total assets, excluding goodwill and certain other items. The minimum leverage ratio guideline is 3% for banking organizations that do not anticipate significant growth and that have well-diversified risk, excellent asset quality, high liquidity, good earnings, effective management and monitoring of market risk and, in general, are considered top-rated, strong banking organizations.
Certain subsidiaries of the Company are approved seller/servicers, and are therefore required to maintain minimum levels of shareholders’ equity, as specified by various agencies, including the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, GNMA, FHLMC and FNMA. At September 30, 2010, each seller/servicer met these requirements.
Certain broker-dealer subsidiaries of the Company are subject to SEC Rule 15c3-1 (the Net Capital Rule), which requires that we maintain minimum levels of net capital, as defined. At September 30, 2010, each of these subsidiaries met these requirements.

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GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS
     
ABCP
  Asset-based commercial paper
ALCO
  Asset/Liability Management Committee
ARS
  Auction rate security
ASC
  Accounting Standards Codification
ASU
  Accounting Standards Update
ARM
  Adjustable-rate mortgage
AVM
  Automated valuation model
CDs
  Certificates of deposit
CDO
  Collateralized debt obligation
CLO
  Collateralized loan obligation
CPR
  Constant prepayment rate
CRE
  Commercial real estate
ESOP
  Employee Stock Ownership Plan
FAS
  Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
FASB
  Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC
  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FHA
  Federal Housing Administration
FHLB
  Federal Home Loan Bank
FHLMC
  Federal Home Loan Mortgage Company
FICO
  Fair Isaac Corporation (credit rating)
FNMA
  Federal National Mortgage Association
FRB
  Federal Reserve Board
GAAP
  Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
GNMA
  Government National Mortgage Association
GSE
  Government-sponsored entity
HAMP
  Home Affordability Modification Program
IRA
  Individual Retirement Account
LHFS
  Loans held for sale
LIBOR
  London Interbank Offered Rate
LTV
  Loan-to-value
MBS
  Mortgage-backed security
MHFS
  Mortgages held for sale
MSR
  Mortgage servicing right
MTN
  Medium-term note program
NAV
  Net asset value
NPA
  Nonperforming asset
OCC
  Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
OCI
  Other comprehensive income
OTC
  Over-the-counter
OTTI
  Other-than-temporary impairment
PCI Loans
  Purchased credit-impaired loans are acquired loans with evidence of credit deterioration accounted for under FASB ASC 310-30 (AICPA Statement of Position 03-3)
PTPP
  Pre-tax pre-provision profit
QSPE
  Qualifying special purpose entity
RBC
  Risk-based capital
ROA
  Wells Fargo net income to average total assets
ROE
  Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock to average Wells Fargo common stockholders’ equity
SEC
  Securities and Exchange Commission
S&P
  Standard & Poors

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GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS (continued from previous page)
     
SPE
  Special purpose entity
TDR
  Troubled debt restructuring
VA
  Department of Veterans Affairs
VaR
  Value-at-risk
VIE
  Variable interest entity
WFFCC
  Wells Fargo Financial Canada Corporation

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.   Legal Proceedings
     
    Information in response to this item can be found in Note 10 (Guarantees and Legal Actions) to Financial Statements in this Report which information is incorporated by reference into this item.
Item 1A.   Risk Factors
     
    Information in response to this item can be found under the “Financial Review — Risk Factors” section in this Report which information is incorporated by reference into this item.
Item 2.   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following table shows Company repurchases of its common stock for each calendar month in the quarter ended September 30, 2010.
                         
 
                    Maximum number of  
    Total number             shares that may yet  
    of shares     Weighted-average     be repurchased under  
Calendar month   repurchased (1)     price paid per share     the authorizations  
   
July
    42,987     $ 27.26       3,833,553  
August
    34,669       25.97       3,798,884  
September
    38,096       25.81       3,760,788  
                   
Total
    115,752                  
                   
   
(1)   All shares were repurchased under the authorization covering up to 25 million shares of common stock approved by the Board of Directors and publicly announced by the Company on September 23, 2008. Unless modified or revoked by the Board, this authorization does not expire.
The following table shows Company repurchases of the warrants for each calendar month in the quarter ended September 30, 2010.
                         
 
    Total number             Maximum dollar value  
    of warrants     Average price     of warrants  
Calendar month   purchased (1)     paid per warrant     that may yet be purchased  
   
July
    25,000     $ 7.65     $ 459,530,935  
August
    386,425       7.61       456,591,097  
September
    125,371       7.88       455,602,966  
                   
Total
    536,796                  
                   
   
(1)   All warrants were purchased under the authorization covering up to $1 billion in warrants approved by the Board of Directors (ratified and approved on June 22, 2010). Unless modified or revoked by the Board, authorization does not expire.

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Item 6.   Exhibits
A list of exhibits to this Form 10-Q is set forth on the Exhibit Index immediately preceding such exhibits and is incorporated herein by reference.
The Company’s SEC file number is 001-2979. On and before November 2, 1998, the Company filed documents with the SEC under the name Norwest Corporation. The former Wells Fargo & Company filed documents under SEC file number 001-6214.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
         
Dated: November 5, 2010  WELLS FARGO & COMPANY
 
 
  By:   /s/ RICHARD D. LEVY    
    Richard D. Levy   
    Executive Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)   

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EXHIBIT INDEX
                                             
 
Exhibit          
Number   Description     Location
 
                                       
3(a)   Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and in effect on the date hereof.   Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.
 
                                       
3(b)   By-Laws.   Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.
 
                                       
4(a)   See Exhibits 3(a) and 3(b).    
 
                                       
4(b)   The Company agrees to furnish upon request to the Commission a copy of each instrument defining the rights of holders of senior and subordinated debt of the Company.    
 
                                       
12(a)   Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges:   Filed herewith.
 
                                       
        Quarter ended     Nine months      
        Sept. 30 ,   ended Sept. 30 ,    
                           
 
        2010       2009       2010       2009      
           
 
  Including interest on deposits     3.39       2.90       3.11       2.70      
 
                                       
 
  Excluding interest on deposits     4.61       4.05       4.17       3.62      
           
 
                                       
12(b)   Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Dividends:   Filed herewith.
 
                                       
        Quarter ended     Nine months      
        Sept. 30 ,   ended Sept. 30 ,    
                           
 
        2010       2009       2010       2009      
         
 
  Including interest on deposits     2.98       2.15       2.75       2.03      
 
                                       
 
  Excluding interest on deposits     3.83       2.59       3.49       2.39      
         
 
                                       
31(a)   Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.   Filed herewith.
 
                                       
31(b)   Certification of principal financial officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.   Filed herewith.
 
                                       
32(a)   Certification of Periodic Financial Report by Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and 18 U.S.C. § 1350.   Furnished herewith.
 
                                       
32(b)   Certification of Periodic Financial Report by Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and 18 U.S.C. § 1350.   Furnished herewith.

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Exhibit          
Number   Description     Location
 
                                       
101*   Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, the following financial information from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2010, is formatted in XBRL interactive data files: (i) Consolidated Statement of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009; (ii) Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2010, and December 31, 2009; (iii) Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity and Comprehensive Income for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009; (iv) Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009; and (v) Notes to Financial Statements.   Furnished herewith.
 
*   As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

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