Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


FORM 10-Q

 


 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 25, 2007

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number: 0-21154

 


CREE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

North Carolina   56-1572719

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

4600 Silicon Drive

Durham, North Carolina

  27703
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

(919) 313-5300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    x  Yes    ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  x    Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    ¨  Yes    x  No

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.00125 per share, as of April 9, 2007, was 84,260,011.

 



Table of Contents

CREE, INC.

FORM 10-Q

For the Three and Nine Months Ended March 25, 2007

INDEX

 

          Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION   
Item 1.    Financial Statements   
   Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 25, 2007 (unaudited) and June 25, 2006    3
   Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended March 25, 2007 (unaudited) and March 26, 2006 (unaudited)    4
   Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow for the nine months ended March 25, 2007 (unaudited) and March 26, 2006 (unaudited)    5
   Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)    6
Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    18
Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    31
Item 4.    Controls and Procedures    32
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION   
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings    33
Item 1A.    Risk Factors    34
Item 6.    Exhibits    44
SIGNATURES    45

 

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

CREE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     March 25,
2007
   June 25,
2006
     (Unaudited)     

ASSETS

     

Current assets:

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 118,507    $ 88,768

Investments, held-to-maturity

     147,248      167,450

Accounts receivable, net

     61,252      68,363

Inventories, net

     50,302      29,994

Deferred income taxes

     11,860      10,092

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     12,498      11,437

Assets of discontinued operations

     307      394
             

Total current assets

     401,974      376,498

Property and equipment, net

     359,178      342,238

Investments:

     

Held-to-maturity

     74,330      119,400

Available-for-sale

     16,467      29,072

Intangible assets, net

     40,382      30,286

Goodwill

     36,676      —  

Other assets

     4,941      2,706
             

Total assets

   $ 933,948    $ 900,200
             

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     

Current liabilities:

     

Accounts payable, trade

   $ 27,679    $ 23,214

Capital lease obligations

     762      —  

Accrued salaries and wages

     8,922      8,828

Other current liabilities

     6,073      4,256

Liabilities of discontinued operations

     668      1,092
             

Total current liabilities

     44,104      37,390

Long-term liabilities:

     

Deferred income taxes and contingent tax reserves

     17,489      33,310

Other long-term liabilities

     291      —  

Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations

     1,201      1,887
             

Total long-term liabilities

     18,981      35,197

Shareholders’ equity:

     

Common stock, par value $0.00125; 200,000 shares authorized at March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006; 76,655 and 77,227 shares issued and outstanding at March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006, respectively

     96      96

Additional paid-in-capital

     577,758      580,804

Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes

     7,155      11,758

Retained earnings

     285,854      234,955
             

Total shareholders’ equity

     870,863      827,613
             

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 933,948    $ 900,200
             

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 

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CREE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 25,
2007
    March 26,
2006
    March 25,
2007
    March 26,
2006
 

Revenue:

        

Product revenue, net

   $ 82,318     $ 100,781     $ 261,258     $ 295,859  

Contract revenue, net

     7,935       6,923       21,695       20,387  
                                

Total revenue

     90,253       107,704       282,953       316,246  

Cost of revenue:

        

Product revenue, net

     55,279       50,946       163,778       145,634  

Contract revenue, net

     6,002       5,423       16,934       14,880  
                                

Total cost of revenue

     61,281       56,369       180,712       160,514  

Gross margin

     28,972       51,335       102,241       155,732  

Operating expenses:

        

Research and development

     15,797       13,333       44,777       40,910  

Sales, general and administrative

     13,123       11,826       37,659       33,395  

(Gain) loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets

     (154 )     208       28       908  
                                

Total operating expenses

     28,766       25,367       82,464       75,213  

Income from operations

     206       25,968       19,777       80,519  

Non-operating income:

        

Gain on sale of investments, net

     3       —         11,411       587  

Other non-operating (loss) income

     (8 )     38       (6 )     41  

Interest income, net

     3,998       3,482       11,844       8,777  
                                

Income from continuing operations before income taxes

     4,199       29,488       43,026       89,924  

Income tax (benefit) expense

     (9,846 )     5,194       (649 )     22,342  
                                

Income from continuing operations

     14,045       24,294       43,675       67,582  

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of related income tax benefit (expense)

     7,085       (294 )     7,224       (4,152 )
                                

Net income

   $ 21,130     $ 24,000     $ 50,899     $ 63,430  
                                

Earnings per share:

        

Basic:

        

Income from continuing operations

   $ 0.19     $ 0.32     $ 0.57     $ 0.89  
                                

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

   $ 0.09     $ (0.01 )   $ 0.09     $ (0.06 )
                                

Net income

   $ 0.28     $ 0.31     $ 0.66     $ 0.83  
                                

Diluted:

        

Income from continuing operations

   $ 0.18     $ 0.31     $ 0.56     $ 0.87  
                                

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

   $ 0.09     $ —       $ 0.09     $ (0.06 )
                                

Net income

   $ 0.27     $ 0.31     $ 0.65     $ 0.81  
                                

Shares used in per share calculation:

        

Basic

     76,417       76,464       76,809       76,011  
                                

Diluted

     77,134       78,471       77,729       77,943  
                                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 

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CREE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

     Nine Months Ended  
     March 25,
2007
    March 26,
2006
 

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income

   $ 50,899     $ 63,430  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     60,043       55,460  

Stock-based compensation

     9,167       9,798  

Impairment of inventory or loss on disposal of long-lived assets

     22       4,093  

Gain on sale of investment in securities

     (11,411 )     (587 )

Amortization of premium/discount on investments held-to-maturity

     (280 )     922  

Deferred income taxes

     (20,195 )     —    

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts and interest receivable

     9,065       (24,672 )

Inventories

     (19,265 )     3,048  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     (3,440 )     8,224  

Accounts payable, trade

     3,587       (1 )

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

     5,414       2,943  
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     83,606       122,658  
                

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Purchase of property and equipment

     (71,850 )     (54,214 )

Purchase of INTRINSIC Semiconductor Corporation, net of cash acquired

     (43,850 )     —    

Purchase of business or net assets of business

     (1,258 )     —    

Purchase of investments held-to-maturity

     (139,627 )     (179,325 )

Proceeds from maturities of investments held-to-maturity

     205,240       88,791  

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

     178       1,201  

Proceeds from sale of investments

     16,722       2,926  

Purchase of patent and licensing rights

     (4,491 )     (3,018 )
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (38,936 )     (143,639 )
                

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Net proceeds from issuance of common stock

     4,374       22,942  

Repayments of capital lease obligations

     (519 )     —    

Repurchase of common stock

     (18,742 )     —    
                

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

     (14,887 )     22,942  
                

Effects of foreign exchange changes on cash and cash equivalents

     (44 )     —    
                

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

     29,739       1,961  

Cash and cash equivalents:

    

Beginning of period

   $ 88,768     $ 70,925  
                

End of period

   $ 118,507     $ 72,886  
                

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

    

Cash paid for income taxes

   $ 12,000     $ 17,013  
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 

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CREE, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 25, 2007

(Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

The consolidated balance sheet at March 25, 2007, the consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended March 25, 2007 and March 26, 2006, and the consolidated statements of cash flow for the nine months ended March 25, 2007 and March 26, 2006 have been prepared by Cree, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) and have not been audited. In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows at March 25, 2007, and for all periods presented, have been made. The consolidated balance sheet at June 25, 2006 has been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted. It is suggested that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s fiscal 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for the period ended March 25, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be attained for the entire fiscal year.

2. Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Fiscal Year

The Company’s fiscal year is a 52- or 53-week period ending on the last Sunday in the month of June. The Company’s 2007 fiscal year extends from June 26, 2006 through June 24, 2007 and is a 52-week fiscal year. The Company’s 2006 fiscal year extended from June 27, 2005 through June 25, 2006 and was also a 52-week fiscal year.

Reclassifications

Certain fiscal 2006 amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the fiscal 2007 presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported consolidated net income or shareholders’ equity.

 

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Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the three and nine months ended March 25, 2007 and March 26, 2006. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company provides its customers with limited rights of return for non-conforming shipments. In addition, certain of the Company’s contractual sales arrangements provide for limited product exchanges and the potential for reimbursement of certain sales costs. As a result, the Company records an allowance, which is recorded as a reduction of product revenue in the consolidated statements of income and as a reduction to accounts receivable in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company estimates its allowance in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 48, “Revenue Recognition When Right of Return Exists” (“SFAS 48”). Specifically, the Company reviews historical sales returns and other relevant data and matches returns or other credits to the quarter when the sales were originally recorded. Based on historical return percentages and other relevant factors, the Company estimates its potential future exposure on product sales that have been recorded. The allowance for sales returns at March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006 was $4.3 million and $5.4 million, respectively.

In accordance with SFAS 48, the Company also records an estimate for the value of product returns that it believes will be returned to inventory in the future and resold. As of March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006, the Company estimated the cost of future product returns at $1.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively, which is recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

3. Acquisition

Through a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company acquired all of the outstanding capital stock and options of INTRINSIC Semiconductor Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary (“INTRINSIC”) on July 10, 2006. The acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase method of accounting as prescribed by SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.” All related goodwill and other intangible assets have been accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.”

The Company changed the name of INTRINSIC to Cree Dulles, Inc., effective July 10, 2006. All financial information of Cree Dulles, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiary, is included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company from the date of acquisition.

 

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The total purchase price is as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

Cash consideration paid to INTRINSIC stockholders

   $  43,330

Fair value of vested INTRINSIC stock options assumed by the Company

     2,163

Direct transaction fees and expenses

     646
      

Total purchase price

   $ 46,139
      

The purchase price has been allocated based on estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company’s purchase price allocation is as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 126  

Accounts receivable, net

     364  

Inventories

     876  

Deferred tax assets

     349  

Other current assets

     145  

Property and equipment, net

     2,343  

Patents, net

     3,014  

Customer relationships

     320  

Developed technology

     4,990  

Goodwill

     36,676  

Accounts payable

     (467 )

Accrued expenses

     (1,177 )

Other liabilities

     (139 )

Capital lease obligations

     (1,281 )
        

Total purchase price

   $ 46,139  
        

In accordance with the criteria set forth in Emerging Issues Task Force 95-3, “Recognition of Liabilities in Connection with a Purchase Business Combination,” and in connection with the merger, the Company began to formulate a restructuring plan for the integration of INTRINSIC. During the third quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company completed its assessment of the Dulles, Virginia facility and as of March 25, 2007, ceased business operations at the location. Employees and certain machinery and equipment were relocated to the Durham, North Carolina operations.

As a result of ceasing business operations at this location, the Company recorded a $1.9 million disposal of property, plant and equipment, a $1.1 million charge for facility lease obligations, a $158,000 inventory write-off charge, and $46,000 in employee-related costs. The resulting charges increased goodwill by $3.2 million during the third quarter of fiscal 2007. The $1.1 million lease obligation was included in accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 25, 2007.

The Company remains liable for the operating lease of the Dulles facility through March 2009. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for the Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities,” the Company has recorded a liability of $1.1 million for ongoing lease obligations. This liability represents the fair value of the remaining lease liability based on

 

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an estimate of the present value of the remaining lease obligations reduced by an estimate of sublease rental income that may be obtained for the property through the expiration of the lease term. The Company believes that significant write-downs related to ceasing operations at the Dulles facility have been completed.

The following table summarizes the changes in accrued liabilities during the third quarter of fiscal 2007 attributable to costs incurred related to ceasing operations of the Dulles facility:

 

     ($ in 000s)  

Balance at December 24, 2006

   $ —    
     —    

Charge for remaining lease obligations

     (1,072 )
        

Balance at March 25, 2007

   $ 1,072  
        

4. Discontinued Operations

During fiscal 2006, the Company discontinued the operations of its silicon-based radio frequency and microwave semiconductor business conducted by its Cree Microwave subsidiary (“CMI”). As of December 25, 2005, the Company completed production of all last time buy orders for CMI’s silicon products and terminated its remaining employees. In accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” the Company has reported the operating results of CMI for the three and nine months ended March 25, 2007 and March 26, 2006, and the assets and liabilities of CMI on the consolidated balance sheet at March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006, as a discontinued operation.

The Company believes the significant write-downs related to the closure of CMI’s business have been completed; however, there may be future adjustments to the estimated accrual of future lease obligations. During the second quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company entered into a sublease agreement for its Sunnyvale facility. As a result of entering into this agreement, the Company adjusted its accrual for future lease obligations by $394,000 to reflect the actual payments agreed to under the terms of the sublease. The lease for the Sunnyvale facility expires in November 2011 and the Company does not intend to extend the term. The sublease also expires in November 2011.

 

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The following table summarizes the changes attributable to costs incurred and charged to expense related to the exit activities for CMI, which are reflected in liabilities of discontinued operations in the consolidated balance sheets:

 

     ($ in 000s)  

Balance at June 25, 2006

   $ 2,866  

Lease obligation payments

     683  

Sublease rental income

     (87 )

Sublease rate adjustment

     394  

Real estate commission payments

     183  
        

Balance at March 25, 2007

   $ 1,693  
        

The following table summarizes the amounts of revenue and pre-tax losses reported in discontinued operations for the respective income statement periods presented:

 

    

Three Months Ended

($ in 000s)

   

Nine Months Ended

($ in 000s)

 
    

March 25,

2007

   

March 26,

2006

   

March 25,

2007

   

March 26,

2006

 

Product revenue, net

   $ —       $ —       $ —       $ 4,266  

Loss before income taxes

   $ (283 )   $ (432 )   $ (155 )   $ (6,114 )

5. Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method for finished goods and work-in-process accounts. The Company uses the average cost method to value raw materials. The Company records a reserve against inventory once it has been determined that conditions exist which may not allow the Company to sell the inventory for its intended purpose, the inventory’s value is determined to be less than cost or it is determined to be obsolete. The charge for the inventory reserves is recorded in cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of income. Reserves are adjusted quarterly to reflect inventory values in excess of forecasted sales, as well as overall inventory risk assessed by management.

 

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The following is a summary of the components of inventory:

 

     ($ in 000s)  
     March 25,
2007
    June 25,
2006
 

Raw materials

   $ 10,625     $ 6,425  

Work-in-process

     21,088       12,532  

Finished goods

     19,941       11,668  
                
     51,654       30,625  

Inventory reserve

     (1,352 )     (631 )
                

Total inventories, net

   $ 50,302     $ 29,994  
                

6. Investments

The Company currently holds 864,385 shares of Color Kinetics, Incorporated (“Color Kinetics”) common stock. During fiscal 2007, the Company sold 931,275 shares of Color Kinetics common stock for $16.7 million and recognized an $11.4 million gain. During fiscal 2006, the Company sold 63,782 shares of Color Kinetics common stock for $954,000 and recognized a $587,000 gain. As of March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006, the Company had recorded cumulative unrealized holding gains on its investment in Color Kinetics of $11.5 million and $18.7 million, or $7.2 million and $11.8 million, net of tax, respectively. The closing share price of Color Kinetics common stock as of March 23, 2007 and June 23, 2006 was used to determine the fair market value of the Company’s investment of $16.5 million and $29.1 million, respectively.

7. Intangible Assets

The following table reflects the components of intangible assets:

 

     ($ in 000s)  
     March 25,
2007
    June 25,
2006
 

Customer relationships

   $ 320     $ —    

Developed technology

     4,990       —    

Patent and license rights

     44,441       37,112  
                
     49,751       37,112  

Accumulated amortization

     (9,369 )     (6,826 )
                

Total intangible assets, net

   $ 40,382     $ 30,286  
                

Amortization expense

   $ 2,567     $ 2,381  
                

Customer relationships are amortized over ten years. Developed technology is amortized over seven years. Patent and license rights are amortized over twenty years.

 

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8. Earnings Per Share

The following computation reconciles the differences between the basic and diluted earnings per share presentations:

 

     Three Months Ended
(in 000s, except per share data)
   Nine Months Ended
(in 000s, except per share data)
     March 25,
2007
   March 26,
2006
   March 25,
2007
   March 26,
2006

Basic:

           

Net income

   $ 21,130    $ 24,000    $ 50,899    $ 63,430
                           

Weighted average common shares

     76,417      76,464      76,809      76,011
                           

Basic earnings per share

   $ 0.28    $ 0.31    $ 0.66    $ 0.83
                           

Diluted:

           

Net income

   $ 21,130    $ 24,000    $ 50,899    $ 63,430
                           

Weighted average common shares - basic

     76,417      76,464      76,809      76,011

Dilutive effect of stock options

     717      2,007      920      1,932
                           

Weighted average common shares - diluted

     77,134      78,471      77,729      77,943
                           

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 0.27    $ 0.31    $ 0.65    $ 0.81
                           

Potential common shares that would have the effect of increasing diluted earnings per share are considered to be antidilutive. In accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share,” these shares were not included in calculating diluted earnings per share. For the three and nine months ended March 25, 2007, there were 9.5 million and 8.7 million shares, respectively, not included in calculating diluted earnings per share because their effect was antidilutive. For the three and nine months ended March 26, 2006, there were 5.1 million and 5.4 million shares, respectively, not included in calculating diluted earnings per share because their effect was antidilutive.

 

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9. Shareholders’ Equity

The following presents a summary of activity in shareholders’ equity for the nine months ended March 25, 2007 (dollars and shares in thousands):

 

     Common
Stock
   Additional
Paid-in
Capital
    Retained
Earnings
   Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
    Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 

Balance at June 25, 2006

   $ 96    $ 580,804     $ 234,955    $ 11,758     $ 827,613  

Exercise of common stock options for cash, 247 shares

     —        2,516       —        —         2,516  

Issuance of common stock for cash, 99 shares

     —        1,858       —        —         1,858  

Purchase and retirement of 1,067 shares of common stock

     —        (18,714 )     —        —         (18,714 )

Purchase and retirement of restricted stock awards

     —        (27 )     —        —         (27 )

Assumption of stock options in connection with the acquisition of INTRINSIC, 191 options

     —        2,163          —         2,163  

Release of contingent tax reserves

        (1,307 )          (1,307 )

Income tax benefits from stock option exercises

     —        1,443       —        —         1,443  

Stock-based compensation (a)

     —        9,022       —        —         9,022  

Net income

     —        —         50,899      —         50,899  

Currency translation loss

     —        —         —        (44 )     (44 )

Unrealized gain on marketable securities, net of tax of $935

     —        —         —        1,537       1,537  

Reclassification of realized gain on marketable securities, net of tax of $3,611

     —        —         —        (6,096 )     (6,096 )
                  

Comprehensive income

     —        —         —        —         46,296  
                                      

Balance at March 25, 2007

   $ 96    $ 577,758     $ 285,854    $ 7,155     $ 870,863  
                                      

(a) The difference between total stock-based compensation expense of $9.2 million and the amount credited to additional paid-in capital of $9.0 million represents the portion of stock-based compensation expense attributable to the Company’s 2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. At March 25, 2007, this amount was classified as a current liability in the consolidated balance sheets in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” and SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity.”

10. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company currently has one equity-based compensation plan from which stock-based compensation awards can be granted to employees and directors. In addition, the Company has five plans that have been terminated as to future grants, but under which options are currently outstanding. The Company also has an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) that provides employees with the opportunity to purchase common stock at 85% of the fair market value of the common stock at two designated times each year.

 

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The Company recorded stock-based compensation of $2.7 million and $9.2 million in the three and nine months ended March 25, 2007, respectively. The Company recorded stock-based compensation of $3.5 million and $9.8 million in the three and nine months ended March 26, 2006, respectively. Approximately $663,000 and $618,000 of stock-based compensation were recorded in inventory in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006, respectively.

The fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model using the following assumptions:

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 25,
2007
    March 26,
2006
    March 25,
2007
    March 26,
2006
 

Stock Option Grants:

        

Risk-free interest rate

   4.79 %   4.53 %   4.69 %   3.96 %

Expected life, in years

   4.5     4.5     4.5     4.5  

Expected volatility

   51.2 %   42.0 %   51.2 %   42.0 %

Dividend yield

   0 %   0 %   0 %   0 %

Employee Stock Purchase Plan:

        

Risk-free interest rate

   5.10 %   4.27 %   5.10 %   3.77 %

Expected life, in years

   0.5     0.5     0.5     0.5  

Expected volatility

   51.2 %   42.0 %   51.2 %   42.0 %

Dividend yield

   0 %   0 %   0 %   0 %

The following table summarizes option activity as of March 25, 2007, and changes during the nine months then ended:

 

     Number of Shares
(in 000s)
    Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
   Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual
Terms
   Average
Intrinsic Value
($ in 000s)

Outstanding at June 25, 2006

   10,188     $ 26.27      

Granted

   1,247     $ 18.89      

Assumed

   191     $ 10.66      

Exercised

   (246 )   $ 10.21      

Forfeited or expired

   (383 )   $ 26.62      
                  

Outstanding at March 25, 2007

   10,997     $ 25.51    3.55    $ 12,504
                        

As of March 25, 2007, there was approximately $24.2 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to stock-based compensation arrangements. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of two years. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended March 25, 2007 was $2.1 million.

 

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A summary of nonvested shares of restricted stock awards outstanding under the Company’s 2004 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan as of March 25, 2007, and changes during the nine months then ended, follows:

 

     Shares
(in 000s)
   

Weighted-

Average Grant-Date
Fair Value

Nonvested at June 25, 2006

   108     $ 25.65

Granted

   149     $ 18.42

Vested

   (42 )   $ 25.92

Forfeited

   —         —  
            

Nonvested at March 25, 2007

   215     $ 20.56
            

As of March 25, 2007, there was approximately $3.7 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested restricted stock share-based compensation arrangements. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of four years.

11. Income Taxes

The variation between income taxes and income tax expense at the statutory rate of 35% is primarily due to the retroactive reenactment of the research and development tax credit, the release of $5.2 million of contingency reserves associated with the completion of the Company’s research and development tax credit study, the release of $9.3 million due to the expected resolution of Internal Revenue Service audits of the Company’s fiscal 2003, 2004 and 2005 federal income tax returns, the release of $1.5 million of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets related to federal capital loss carry forwards, and tax provision adjustments of $4.4 million associated with the filing of our fiscal 2006 federal tax returns and the amendment of our fiscal 2004 and 2005 federal tax returns.

In future periods, the Company will continue to adjust its deferred tax asset valuation allowance in connection with any increase or decrease in the value of its investment in Color Kinetics, which could increase or decrease the income tax expense for such period.

12. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company continues to assess the impact that Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”), will have on its consolidated financial statements. Issued by FASB in June 2006, FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and is required to be adopted by the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2008.

 

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In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” (“SFAS 157”) to provide enhanced guidance when using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The standard applies whenever other standards require or permit assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value and, while not requiring new fair value measurements, may change current practices. The Company is currently evaluating the impact SFAS 157 will have on its consolidated financial statements. The standard is effective for the Company beginning in fiscal 2009.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities – Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 permits entities to choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value at specified election dates. The statement also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. The statement is effective for the Company beginning in fiscal 2009. The Company has not yet determined the impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS 159.

13. Subsequent Event

On March 30, 2007, the Company acquired all of the outstanding share capital of COTCO Luminant Device Ltd. (“COTCO”) in exchange for consideration consisting of 7,604,785 shares of the Company’s common stock and $70 million in cash. The cash portion of the purchase price is subject to a working capital adjustment after the closing of the transaction. Additional consideration of up to $125 million may be payable to the seller or its designees in the event COTCO achieves specific financial targets over the next two fiscal years. The Company may elect to pay the additional consideration, if any, in cash, shares of its common stock, or a combination of cash and stock, as long as the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock issued to the seller relating to the transaction is less than 9.99% of the Company’s then outstanding common stock. The acquisition will be accounted for under the purchase method of accounting as prescribed by SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and all related goodwill and other intangible assets will be accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.”

 

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14. Commitments and Contingencies

Please refer to Part I, Item 3 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2006 for a description of material legal proceedings, including descriptions of the proceedings discussed below under the captions “In re Cree, Inc. Securities Litigation” and “Neumark v. Cree, Inc.” Please also refer to Part II, Item 1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 24, 2006 for a description of the proceedings discussed below under the caption “BridgeLux Patent Litigation.”

In re Cree, Inc. Securities Litigation

As described in Part I, Item 3 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2006, the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, in August 2005, dismissed the plaintiffs’ amended complaint in these consolidated cases and the plaintiff appealed the dismissal to the U.S. Court of Appeal for the Fourth Circuit. In a published opinion issued in February 2007, the appellate court affirmed the dismissal of the amended complaint. The plaintiffs petitioned for rehearing by the entire appellate court. The petition was denied in April 2007.

Neumark v. Cree, Inc.

As described in Part I, Item 3 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2006, this patent infringement case is pending before the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. In March 2007, the court conducted a hearing, in accordance with the procedure laid out in the U.S. Supreme Court’s 1996 decision in Markman et al. v. Westview Instruments, Inc., for the purpose of determining the interpretation of disputed terms used in the claims of the patents at issue in the lawsuit.

BridgeLux Patent Litigation

As described in Part II, Item 1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 24, 2006, the Company initiated this litigation by filing a patent infringement action against BridgeLux, Inc., in federal court in North Carolina, and BridgeLux subsequently filed related actions in federal court in California and in Texas. In the California case, the Company’s motion to dismiss BridgeLux’s declaratory judgment claims remains pending. In the Texas case, BridgeLux alleged infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,869,812. The Company denied any infringement in its answer and has moved for summary judgment of invalidity on certain claims of the ‘812 patent on the ground that the claims were anticipated by prior art. The Company also asserted counterclaims against BridgeLux in the Texas case for infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,657,236 and 5,686,738. The Company had first alleged that BridgeLux infringed the ‘236 and ‘738 patents in its complaint filed in the North Carolina case, which BridgeLux has moved to dismiss. In February 2007, the court in Texas ordered that the claims on the ‘236 and ‘738 patents be severed and dismissed without prejudice on the ground that claims under these patents are the subject of prior pending litigation. BridgeLux had also moved to sever and to dismiss or stay proceedings on additional counterclaims the Company had asserted against BridgeLux for infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,614,056 and 6,885,036. The court denied the motion by BridgeLux to sever the claims under the ‘056 and ‘036 patents, with the result that these claims remain pending in Texas.

 

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Item  2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains various “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All information contained in this report relative to future markets for our products and trends in and anticipated levels of revenue, gross margins and expenses, as well as other statements containing words such as “may,” “will,” “anticipate,” “target,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” and “intend,” and other similar expressions constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to business, economic, and other risks and uncertainties, both known and unknown, and actual results may differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements we make are as of the date made and we do not intend to update them if our views later change. These forward- looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this quarterly report. To review risk factors that could cause actual results to differ, see “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A, of this report and in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2006.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto.

Overview

We develop and manufacture semiconductor materials and electronic devices made from silicon carbide, or SiC, gallium nitride, or GaN, and related compounds. The majority of our products were manufactured at our main production facilities in Durham and Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. We also use subcontractors in Asia to perform some of our manufacturing steps for certain LED and power products. We generate revenues from the following product lines:

 

   

LED chips and packaged products. We derive the largest portion of our revenue from the sale of blue and green LED chips and packaged LEDs.

 

   

Materials products. These products include our SiC and GaN wafers which are used in manufacturing LEDs, radio frequency, or RF, devices, and power devices and for research and development. It also includes SiC material in bulk crystal form, which is used in gemstone applications.

 

   

High-power products. These products include power switching devices made from SiC, which provide faster switching speeds than comparable silicon-based power devices, and also include wide bandgap RF and microwave devices made from SiC or GaN, which allow for higher power densities as compared to gallium arsenide.

 

   

Contracts with government agencies. Government agencies fund us in the development of primarily SiC-based new technology.

 

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Industry Dynamics

Our business is primarily selling high-brightness LED products, which is affected by a number of industry factors, including overall demand in products using high-brightness LEDs, an intense and constantly evolving competitive environment, and intellectual property issues. Average LED sales prices generally decline each year as market players implement pricing strategies to gain or protect market share. To remain competitive, LED producers generally must increase product performance and reduce costs to support lower average sales prices. The LED high-brightness segment has become more competitive over the last several quarters which has caused companies to lower prices at a faster rate than was previously estimated.

Highlights of the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2007

The following is a summary of our financial results for the three months ended March 25, 2007:

 

   

Our revenue from continuing operations was $90 million as increased sales of our high-brightness LED chips and packaged products offset the seasonality in our mid-brightness products.

 

   

Our gross margin was 32% of revenue.

 

   

We reported consolidated net income of $21 million and net income per diluted share of $0.27, which includes tax benefits totaling $0.23 per diluted share. The tax benefit is primarily due to the completion of our research and development tax credit study and the expected resolution of three years of Internal Revenue Service audits.

 

   

We generated positive cash flow from operations of $23 million.

 

   

Combined cash and investments totaled $340 million at March 25, 2007.

 

   

On March 30, 2007, following the end of the third quarter, we completed the acquisition of COTCO Luminant Device Ltd., or COTCO, a leading supplier of high-brightness LED components in China.

 

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Outlook for Fiscal 2007

We target that the LED chip market will remain highly competitive during the remainder of fiscal 2007. We plan to continue to expand our global sales, marketing, and distribution capabilities to support increased sales of our new LED components, including those from our acquisition of COTCO and high-power products.

For the remainder of fiscal 2007, we plan to work on increasing the brightness of our LED chips and packaged LED products. We plan to continue cost reduction initiatives for both our LED and SiC-based high-power products by converting some production to four-inch wafer and transferring more of our production to our subcontractors in Asia. In addition, we target to invest a total of $80 million to $90 million in capital expenditures during fiscal 2007. This will support unit volume growth and is a critical part of our overall product cost reduction initiatives.

We plan to continue to evaluate strategic investments to expand and strengthen our technology and product portfolio as well as to increase access to our targeted markets.

Critical Accounting Policies

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In preparing our financial statements, we must make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. On a regular basis, management reviews our accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments to ensure that our consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material.

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Other Matters,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2006. Management believes the following accounting policies are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These policies require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Management has reviewed these critical accounting policies and related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.

 

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Description of Policy

  

Judgments and Uncertainties

  

Effect If Actual Results Differ From
Assumptions and Adjustments Recorded

Revenue Recognition:

We provide our customers with limited rights of return for non-conforming shipments and product warranty claims. In addition, certain of our sales arrangements provide for limited product exchanges and the reimbursement of certain sales costs incurred by our customers. As a result, we record an allowance at the time of sale, which is recorded as a reduction of product revenue and accounts receivable.

 

In connection with the allowance for sales returns, we also record an asset for the value of product returns that we believe will be returned to inventory.

   We apply judgment in estimating the amount of product that will be returned in the future. Our estimate of product returns and the amount of those returns that will be placed back in inventory is based primarily on historical transactional experience and judgment regarding market factors and trends.   

As of March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006, the amount of our sales return allowance was $4.3 million and $5.4 million, respectively.

 

As of March 25, 2007 and June 25, 2006, we estimated the value of future product returns that would be returned to inventory to be $1.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively.

 

A 10% increase or decrease in our sales return estimates and deferred product costs asset at March 25, 2007 would have affected net income by approximately $216,000 for the nine months ended March 25, 2007.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation:
We account for stock-based compensation arrangements in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Shared-Based Payment.” Under SFAS 123(R), compensation cost is calculated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton model. The compensation expense is then amortized over the vesting period.    We use the Black-Scholes-Merton model in determining fair value of our options at the grant date and apply judgment in estimating the key assumptions that are critical to the model such as the expected term, volatility and forfeiture rate of an option. Our estimate of these key assumptions is based on historical information and judgment regarding market factors and trends.    If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating key assumptions, we may be required to adjust compensation expense, which could be material to our results of operations.
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets:      

We review long-lived assets such as property, equipment, goodwill, intangible assets and patents for impairment on a routine basis and when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets recorded in our financial statements may not be recoverable. For example, a portion of our equipment may be scrapped; certain of our patents or patent applications may be abandoned. In these cases, we would directly write off these long-lived assets.

 

In addition, we evaluate all of our long-lived assets for potential impairment by comparing the carrying value of our assets to the

   Our impairment loss calculations require management to apply judgment in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values, including estimating useful lives of the assets. To make these judgments, we may use internal discounted cash flow estimates, quoted market prices when available, and independent appraisals as appropriate to determine fair value. We derive the required cash flow estimates from our internal business plans.   

If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values, we may be required to record additional impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations.

 

Using this impairment review methodology, we recorded no long-lived asset impairment charges during the three and nine months ended March 25, 2007 and $581,000 during the nine months ended March 26, 2006 for building improvements no longer being used at our Durham, North Carolina facility.

 

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Description of Policy

  

Judgments and Uncertainties

  

Effect If Actual Results Differ From
Assumptions and Adjustments Recorded

estimated future cash flows of the assets (undiscounted and without interest charges). If the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, we calculate an impairment loss. The impairment loss calculation compares the carrying value of the asset to the asset’s estimated fair value, which may be based on estimated discounted future cash flows. We recognize an impairment loss if the amount of the asset’s carrying value exceeds the asset’s estimated fair value. If we recognize an impairment loss, the adjusted carrying amount of the asset will be its new cost basis. For a depreciable (amortized) long-lived asset, the new cost basis will be depreciated (amortized) over the remaining useful life of that asset.

 

For goodwill, we evaluate impairment in a two-step process. The first step compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, no impairment is recorded. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment analysis is performed. The second step is used to measure the amount of the impairment loss and compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill. If the carrying amount exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess. However, it should be noted that the loss recognized shall not be in excess of the carrying amount. Once a goodwill impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying value shall be its new accounting basis.

 

We do not restore a previously recognized impairment loss if the asset’s carrying value decreases below its estimated fair value.

     

 

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Description of Policy

  

Judgments and Uncertainties

  

Effect If Actual Results Differ From
Assumptions and Adjustments Recorded

Tax Contingencies:

     

We are subject to periodic audits of our income tax returns by federal, state and local agencies. These audits include questions regarding our tax filing positions, including the timing and amount of deductions and the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. In evaluating the exposures associated with our various tax filing positions, including state and local taxes, we record reserves for what we identify as probable exposures. A number of years may elapse before a particular matter for which we have established a reserve is audited and fully resolved.

 

We have also established a valuation allowance for capital loss carryforwards and unrealized losses on certain securities where we believe that it is more likely than not that the tax benefits of the items will not be realized.

   The estimate of our tax contingencies reserve contains uncertainty because management must use judgment to estimate the exposures associated with various tax filing positions. To make these judgments, we make determinations about the likelihood that the specific taxing authority may challenge the tax deductions that we have taken on our tax return. Based on information about other tax settlements, we estimate amounts that we may settle with taxing authorities in order to conclude audits.   

To the extent we prevail in matters for which reserves have been established, or are required to pay amounts in excess of our reserves, our effective tax rate in a given financial statement period could be materially affected. An unfavorable tax settlement might require use of our cash and result in an increase in our effective rate in the year of resolution. A favorable tax settlement would be recognized as a reduction in our effective tax rate in the year of resolution. When we establish or reduce the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, our income tax expense will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made.

 

For example, in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 we recorded a tax benefit of $17.9 million for the release of contingency reserves associated with the completion of our research and development tax credit study and the expected resolution of Internal Revenue Service audits of our fiscal 2003, 2004 and 2005 federal income tax returns.

 

As of March 25, 2007, we had established tax reserves of $3.3 million and a valuation allowance of $6.5 million.

Inventories:

     

We value our inventory at the lower of cost of the inventory or fair market value by establishing a write-down or an inventory loss reserve.

 

We base our lower of cost or market write-down on the excess carrying value of the inventory, which is typically its cost, over the amount that we expect to realize from the ultimate sale of the inventory based upon our assumptions regarding the average sales price to be received for the product.

   Our inventory reserve is based on our analysis of sales levels by product and projections of future customer demand derived from historical order patterns and input received from our customers and our sales team. To mitigate uncertainties, we reserve for all inventory greater than twelve months old, unless there is an identified need for the inventory. In addition, we reserve for items that are considered obsolete based on changes in customer demand, manufacturing process changes or new product introductions that may    If our estimates regarding customer demand and physical inventory losses are inaccurate or changes in technology affect demand for certain products in an unforeseen manner, we may be exposed to losses or gains in excess of our established reserves that could be material. A 10% increase or decrease in our actual inventory reserve at March 25, 2007 would have affected net income by approximately $96,000 for the nine months ended March 25, 2007.

 

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Description of Policy

  

Judgments and Uncertainties

  

Effect If Actual Results Differ From
Assumptions and Adjustments Recorded

   eliminate demand for a product. When inventory is physically destroyed, we remove the inventory and the associated reserve from our financial records.   

Accruals for Self-Insured and Other Liabilities:

We make estimates for the amount of costs that have been incurred but not yet billed for our self-funded medical insurance, general services, including legal fees, accounting fees and other expenses.    Our liabilities contain uncertainties because we must make assumptions and apply judgment to estimate the ultimate cost to settle claims and claims incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. When estimating our liabilities, we consider a number of factors, including interviewing our service providers for bills that have not yet been received. For self-insured liabilities, we estimate our liabilities based on historical claims experience.    If actual costs billed to us are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, our expenses could be understated or overstated and these adjustments could materially affect our net income.

 

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Results of Operations

The following table shows our consolidated statements of income expressed as a percentage of total revenue from continuing operations for the periods indicated:

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 25,
2007
    March 26,
2006
    March 25,
2007
    March 26,
2006
 

Revenue:

        

Product revenue, net

   91.2 %   93.6  %   92.3 %   93.6  %

Contract revenue, net

   8.8     6.4     7.7     6.4  
                        

Total revenue

   100.0     100.0     100.0     100.0  

Cost of revenue:

        

Product revenue

   61.2     47.3     57.9     46.1  

Contract revenue

   6.7     5.0     6.0     4.7  
                        

Total cost of revenue

   67.9     52.3     63.9     50.8  
                        

Gross margin

   32.1     47.7     36.1     49.2  

Operating expenses:

        

Research and development

   17.5     12.4     15.8     12.9  

Sales, general and administrative

   14.5     11.0     13.3     10.6  

(Gain) loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets

   (0.2 )   0.2     0.0     0.3  
                        

Total operating expenses

   31.8     23.6     29.1     23.8  

Income from operations

   0.3     24.1     7.0     25.4  

Non-operating income:

        

Gain on investments in securities, net

   —       —       4.0     0.2  

Other non-operating (loss) income

   —       —       —       —    

Interest income, net

   4.4     3.2     4.2     2.8  
                        

Income from continuing operations before income taxes

   4.7     27.3     15.2     28.4  

Income tax (benefit) expense

   (10.9 )   4.8     (0.2 )   7.1  
                        

Income from continuing operations

   15.6     22.5     15.4     21.3  

Income (loss) from discontinued operations net of income tax benefit (expense)

   7.9     (0.3 )   2.6     (1.3 )
                        

Net income

   23.5 %   22.2 %   18.0 %   20.0 %
                        

Comparison of Three Months Ended March 25, 2007 and March 26, 2006

Revenue. Revenue from continuing operations decreased 16% to $90.3 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 from $107.7 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006. Product revenue decreased 18% to $82.3 million from $100.8 million in the quarter-to-quarter comparison. The decrease in product revenue resulted from the decline in revenue of mid-brightness LED chip products partially offset by an increase in revenue from our high-brightness LED chips and packaged products.

 

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LED revenue declined 23% to $67.2 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 from $86.8 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006, making up 74% of our total revenue from continuing operations. While unit shipments of our LED products decreased 6% from the third quarter of fiscal 2006 primarily due to lower customer demand for mid-brightness products, we also experienced an 18% decrease in our blended average LED sales price due to continued price competition and changes in product mix. Sales of our mid-brightness products decreased 44% in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 and represented 48% of LED revenue, down from 66% in the third quarter of fiscal 2006. Sales of our high-brightness products increased 20% and represented 52% of LED revenue, up from 34% in the third quarter of fiscal 2006. The primary drivers of the increase in our high-brightness products were a 7% increase in the number of units sold and a 12% increase in the blended average sales price due to changes in product mix.

Materials revenue remained flat at $10.0 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 making up 11% of our revenue from continuing operations. An 11% increase in the number of units sold was offset by a 10% decrease in the average sales price due to changes in product mix.

Revenue from our high-power devices increased 31% to $5.0 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 from $3.8 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006. The increase in revenue was primarily the result of a 66% increase in unit shipments of our Schottky diode and SiC MESFET products. The increase in unit shipments was offset by a 21% decrease in the blended average sales price due to changes in product mix. Revenue from high-power devices was 6% of revenue from continuing operations in the third quarter of fiscal 2007.

Contract revenue increased 15% to $7.9 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 from $6.9 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006, making up 9% of total revenue from continuing operations. The increase in revenue was primarily due to the start of new contract awards.

Gross Margin. Gross margin from continuing operations in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 declined 44% to $29.0 million from $51.3 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006. Our gross margin percentage decreased from 48% to 32% of revenue from continuing operations in the quarter-to-quarter comparison. The decrease was caused primarily by lower gross margins on sales of LED chip products as average selling prices declined faster than product costs and higher costs on our new components products.

Contract gross margins increased to 24% in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 from 22% in the third quarter of fiscal 2006 as our mix of contract work has shifted towards projects that have a lower cost share component.

Research and Development. Research and development expenses from continuing operations increased 18% in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 to $15.8 million from $13.3 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006. The increase in research and development spending supported our continued development of higher brightness LED chips, high power packaged LEDs, larger wafer process development and ongoing development of high-power devices.

 

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Sales, General and Administrative. Sales, general and administrative, or SG&A expenses, from continuing operations increased 11% in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 to $13.1 million compared to $11.8 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006. During the third quarter of fiscal 2007, SG&A expenses reflected higher costs incurred in connection with patent litigation, as well as increased spending on sales and marketing to support our new component product lines.

(Gain) Loss on Disposal or Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. We recorded a net gain of $154,000 on the disposal of long-lived assets in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 compared to a net loss of $208,000 in the third quarter of fiscal 2006 as a result of the long-lived assets disposed of in each comparative quarter.

Interest Income, Net. Net interest income increased 15% to $4.0 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2007 from $3.5 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006 due to the higher interest rates received on our investments.

Income Tax (Benefit) Expense. We recorded an income tax benefit of $9.8 million from continuing operations for the third quarter of fiscal 2007 as compared to income tax expense of $5.2 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2006. The change is primarily due to the release of contingent tax reserves associated with the completion of our research and development tax credit study, the expected resolution of Internal Revenue Service audits of fiscal 2003, 2004 and 2005 federal tax returns, the release of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets related to federal capital loss carryforwards, tax provision adjustments associated with the filing of our fiscal 2006 federal tax returns and a decrease in taxable income. We currently target our effective tax rate for fiscal 2007 to be approximately 29% which does not reflect changes in the market price for shares of Color Kinetics Incorporated, or Color Kinetics, common stock which we treat as a discrete item each quarter.

Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax. In the third quarter of fiscal 2007, we recorded after-tax income of $7.1 million from discontinued operations. The primary driver of the after-tax income was the release of Cree Microwave contingent tax reserves as a result of the expected resolution of Internal Revenue Service audits of fiscal 2003, 2004, and 2005 in the amount of $7.3 million partially offset by continued expenses arising from the Sunnyvale facility operating lease. In the third quarter of fiscal 2006, we recorded a pre-tax operating loss of $432,000, or $294,000 after-tax, for charges related to the closure of the business.

Comparison of Nine Months Ended March 25, 2007 and March 26, 2006

Revenue. Revenue from continuing operations decreased 11% to $283.0 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 from $316.2 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. Product revenue decreased 12% to $261.3 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 from $295.9 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. The decrease in product revenue resulted from the decline in revenue of LED chip products partially offset by an increase in revenue from our high-brightness LED packaged products, materials and high-power products.

LED revenue declined 17% to $215.3 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 from $258.0 million in the prior year period, making up 76% of our total revenue from continuing operations. While unit shipments of our LED products increased 10% over the first nine months of fiscal 2006 due to higher customer demand for LED chip products and high-brightness LED packaged products, our blended average LED sales price decreased 24% due to continued price

 

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competition and changes in product mix. Sales of our mid-brightness products decreased 26% in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 and represented 55% of LED revenue, down from 62% in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. Sales of our high-brightness products declined 1% in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 and represented 45% of LED revenue, up from 38% in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. The decrease in sales of high-brightness chips was offset by an increase in sales of high-brightness LED packaged products, which was primarily driven by an increase in the number of units sold during the first nine months of fiscal 2007.

Materials revenue increased 12% to $30.8 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 from $27.5 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006, making up 11% of our revenue from continuing operations. The primary driver of the increase in materials revenue was a 21% increase in the average sales price due to changes in product and customer mix. The increase in sales price was somewhat offset by a 7% decline in the number of units sold.

Revenue from our high-power devices increased 46% to $14.9 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 from $10.2 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. The increase in revenue was primarily the result of a 103% increase in unit shipments of our Schottky diode and SiC MESFET products. The increase in unit shipments was offset by a 28% decrease in the blended average sales price due to changes in product mix. Revenue from high-power devices was 5% of revenue from continuing operations in the first nine months of fiscal 2007.

Contract revenue increased 6% to $21.7 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 from $20.4 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006, making up 8% of total revenue from continuing operations. The increase in revenue was primarily due to the start of new contract awards.

Gross Margin. Gross margin from continuing operations in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 declined 34% to $102.2 million from $155.7 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. Our gross margin percentage decreased from 49% to 36% of revenue from continuing operations in the comparable period. The decrease was caused primarily by lower gross margins on sales of LED chip products as average selling prices declined faster than product costs, higher costs on our new component products, and lower factory utilization.

Contract gross margins decreased to 22% in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 from 27% in the first nine months of fiscal 2006 as our mix of contract work has shifted towards projects that have a higher cost share component.

Research and Development. Research and development expenses from continuing operations increased 9% in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 to $44.8 million from $40.9 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. The increase in research and development spending supported our continued development of higher brightness LED chips, high power packaged LEDs, larger wafer process development and ongoing development of high-power devices.

 

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Sales, General and Administrative. SG&A expenses from continuing operations increased 13% in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 to $37.7 million as compared to $33.4 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. During the first nine months of fiscal 2007, SG&A expenses reflected higher costs incurred in connection with patent litigation, as well as increased spending on sales and marketing to support our new component product lines.

(Gain) Loss on Disposal or Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. Impairment or loss on the disposal of long-lived assets decreased to $28,000 in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 compared to $908,000 in the first nine months of fiscal 2006 as a result of the long-lived assets disposed of in each comparative period. The majority of the fiscal 2006 loss represented the impairment of building improvements that were no longer being used at our Durham facility.

Gain on Sale of Investments, Net. During the second quarter of fiscal 2007, we sold 931,275 shares of Color Kinetics common stock for $16.7 million and recognized an $11.4 million gain. During the first quarter of fiscal 2006, we sold 63,782 shares of Color Kinetics common stock for $954,000 and recognized a $587,000 gain.

Interest Income, Net. Net interest income increased 35% to $11.8 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 from $8.8 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006 due to higher interest rates received on our investments.

Income Tax (Benefit) Expense. We recorded an income tax benefit of $649,000 from continuing operations for the first nine months of fiscal 2007 as compared to income tax expense of $22.3 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. The change is primarily due to the release of contingent tax reserves associated with the completion of our research and development tax credit study, the expected resolution of Internal Revenue Service audits of our fiscal 2003, 2004 and 2005 federal tax returns, the release of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets related to federal capital loss carryforwards, tax provision adjustments associated with the filing of our fiscal 2006 federal tax returns and a decrease in taxable income. We currently target our effective tax rate for fiscal 2007 to be approximately 29%, which does not reflect changes in the market price for shares of Color Kinetics common stock which we treat as a discrete item each quarter.

Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax. In the first nine months of fiscal 2007, we recorded after-tax income of $7.2 million from discontinued operations. The primary driver of the after-tax income was the release of Cree Microwave contingent tax reserves as a result of the expected resolution of Internal Revenue Service audits of our fiscal 2003, 2004, and 2005 federal tax returns in the amount of $7.3 million partially offset by continued expenses arising from the Sunnyvale facility operating lease. In the first nine months of fiscal 2006, we recorded a pre-tax operating loss of $6.1 million, or $4.2 million after-tax, as our Cree Microwave business generated revenue of $4.3 million offset by heavy fixed costs incurred to operate the Sunnyvale facility. We also incurred additional charges of $5.3 million related to the closure of this business during fiscal 2006.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our cash generating capability and financial condition gives us the financial ability to grow our business. Our principal source of liquidity is operating cash flows, which is derived from net income.

 

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On March 30, 2007, we acquired all of the outstanding share capital of COTCO in exchange for consideration consisting of 7,604,785 shares of our common stock and $70 million in cash, which will reduce the amount of our cash and investments to $270 million. The cash portion of the purchase price is subject to a working capital adjustment after the closing of the transaction. Additional consideration of up to $125 million may be payable to the seller or its designees in the event COTCO achieves specific financial targets over our next two fiscal years. We may elect to pay the additional consideration, if any, in cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and stock, as long as the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock issued to the seller relating to the transaction is less than 9.99% of the Company’s then outstanding common stock.

Operating Activities

In the first nine months of fiscal 2007, our operations provided $83.6 million of cash as compared to $122.7 million of cash provided in the first nine months of fiscal 2006. This $39.1 million decrease is primarily attributable to a $60.7 million decrease in operating income offset by a $28.4 million reduction in income tax expense.

For the quarter ended March 25, 2007, our inventory days on hand were 74. The increase in inventory during the first nine months of fiscal 2007 reflects an inventory build in support of our new product lines being introduced in the market. Accounts receivable days sales outstanding were 61 days for the third quarter of fiscal 2007.

Investing Activities

In the first nine months of fiscal 2007, we used $38.9 million for investing activities. The $104.7 million decrease in net cash used in investing activities in the first nine months of fiscal 2007 as compared to the first nine months of fiscal 2006 was primarily attributable to the decline in reinvestment of cash from operations.

Financing Activities

We used $14.9 million for financing activities in the first nine months of fiscal 2007. We repurchased 1.1 million shares of our common stock at an average purchase price of $17.54 per share with an aggregate cost of $18.7 million. This use of cash was partially offset by $4.4 million in proceeds generated from the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options during the first nine months of fiscal 2007.

As of March 25, 2007, there remained approximately 4.4 million shares of our common stock approved for repurchase under the repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors that extends through June 2007. Since the inception of our stock repurchase program in January 2001, we have repurchased 7.7 million shares of our common stock at an average price of $18.18 per share, with an aggregate value of $139.7 million. We intend to use available cash to purchase additional shares under the program. At the discretion of our management, the repurchase program can be implemented through open market or privately negotiated transactions. We will determine the time and extent of repurchases based on our evaluation of market conditions and other factors.

 

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Financial Condition

As of March 25, 2007, subsequent to our March 25, 2007 quarter close, our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments combined increased $9.5 million, or 4%, from balances reported as of June 25, 2006. Our long-term investments held-to-maturity decreased by $45.1 million, or 38%, from balances reported as of June 25, 2006. The combined $35.6 million decrease in cash and investments resulted primarily from the purchase of INTRINSIC in the first quarter of fiscal 2007. Our net property and equipment has increased by $16.9 million, or 5%, since June 25, 2006, as investments made to expand production capabilities have been partially offset by depreciation expense and disposals of fixed assets. During the first nine months of fiscal 2007, we spent $71.9 million on capital additions. As of March 25, 2007, we have $762,000 in capital lease obligations outstanding, which were acquired in connection with our purchase of INTRINSIC Semiconductor Corporation, or INTRINSIC. We have no off-balance sheet obligations, commitments or contingencies or guarantees, and we do not use special purpose entities for any transactions.

We plan to meet the cash needs for the business for fiscal 2007 through cash from operations and cash on hand. Actual results may differ from our targets for a number of reasons addressed in this report. We may also issue debt, additional shares of common stock, or use available cash on hand for the acquisition of complementary businesses or other significant assets. From time to time, we evaluate strategic opportunities and potential investments in complementary businesses and anticipate continuing to make such evaluations.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As of March 25, 2007, we held a long-term investment in the equity securities of Color Kinetics, which is treated for accounting purposes under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” as an investment in available-for-sale securities. This investment is carried at fair market value based upon the quoted market price of the stock as of March 23, 2007, with net unrealized gains or losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity.

It is our policy to write down these types of equity investments to their market value and record the related charge as an investment loss in our consolidated statements of income if we believe that an other-than-temporary decline existed in our marketable equity securities. As of March 25, 2007, we do not believe that an other-than-temporary decline existed in our investment in Color Kinetics because the market value of the security was above our cost. This investment is subject to market risk of equity price changes. The fair market value of this investment as of March 25, 2007, using the closing sales price as of March 23, 2007, was $16.5 million, compared to the fair market value as of June 25, 2006, using the closing sales price as of June 23, 2006, which was $29.1 million. The potential loss in fair value resulting from a hypothetical 10% decrease in quoted equity price was approximately $1.7 million and $2.9 million at March 25, 2007 and at June 25, 2006, respectively.

We hold and expect to continue to consider investments in minority interests in companies having operations or technology in areas within our strategic focus. We generally are not subject to material market risk with respect to our investments classified as marketable securities as such investments are readily marketable, liquid, and do not fluctuate substantially from stated values. Many of our investments are in early stage companies or technology companies where operations are not yet sufficient to establish them as profitable concerns. Management continues

 

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to evaluate its investment positions on an ongoing basis. See Note 6, “Investments,” in the consolidated financial statements included in Part 1, Item 1, of this report for further information regarding our investments.

We have invested some of the proceeds from our cash from operations into high-grade corporate debt, commercial paper, government securities, and other investments at fixed interest rates that vary by security. These investments are A grade or better in accordance with our cash management policy. At March 25, 2007, we had $221.6 million invested in these securities, compared to $286.9 million at June 25, 2006. Although these securities generally earn interest at fixed rates, the historical fair values of such investments have not differed materially from the amounts reported in our consolidated balance sheets. Therefore, we believe that potential changes in future interest rates will not create material exposure for us from differences between the fair value and the amortized cost of these investments. The potential loss in fair value resulting from a hypothetical 10% decrease in quoted market price was approximately $22.2 million at March 25, 2007, and $28.7 million at June 25, 2006.

We have no off-balance sheet obligations, commitments, contingencies, or guarantees, nor do we use special purpose entities for any transactions. With two of our larger customers, we maintain a foreign currency adjustment to our sales price if Japanese yen and euro exchange rates against the U.S. dollar are not maintained. These revenue adjustments represent our main risk with respect to foreign currency since our contracts and purchase orders are denominated in U.S. dollars and have not had a material impact to our results of operations. We have no commodity risk.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in that they provide reasonable assurances that the information we are required to disclose in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods required by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

We routinely review our internal control over financial reporting and from time to time make changes intended to enhance the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We will continue to evaluate the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting on an ongoing basis and will take action as appropriate. There have been no changes to our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, during the third quarter of fiscal 2007 that we believe materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Please refer to Part I, Item 3 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2006 for a description of material legal proceedings, including descriptions of the proceedings discussed below under the captions “In re Cree, Inc. Securities Litigation” and “Neumark v. Cree, Inc.” Please also refer to Part II, Item 2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 24, 2006 for a description of the proceedings discussed below under the caption “BridgeLux Patent Litigation.”

In re Cree, Inc. Securities Litigation

As described in Part I, Item 3 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2006, the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, in August 2005, dismissed the plaintiffs’ amended complaint in these consolidated cases and the plaintiff appealed the dismissal to the U.S. Court of Appeal for the Fourth Circuit. In a published opinion issued in February 2007, the appellate court affirmed the dismissal of the amended complaint. The plaintiffs petitioned for rehearing by the entire appellate court. The petition was denied in April 2007.

Neumark v. Cree, Inc.

As described in Part I, Item 3 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2006, this patent infringement case is pending before the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. In March 2007, the court conducted a hearing, in accordance with the procedure laid out in the U.S. Supreme Court’s 1996 decision in Markman et al. v. Westview Instruments, Inc., for the purpose of determining the interpretation of disputed terms used in the claims of the patents at issue in the lawsuit.

BridgeLux Patent Litigation

As described in Part II, Item 2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 24, 2006, we initiated this litigation by filing a patent infringement action against BridgeLux, Inc., in federal court in North Carolina, and BridgeLux subsequently filed related actions in federal court in California and in Texas. In the California case, the Company’s motion to dismiss BridgeLux’s declaratory judgment claims remains pending. In the Texas case, BridgeLux alleged infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,869,812. We denied any infringement in our answer and have moved for summary judgment of invalidity on certain claims of the ‘812 patent on the ground that the claims were anticipated by prior art. We also asserted counterclaims against BridgeLux in the Texas case for infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,657,236 and 5,686,738. We had first alleged that BridgeLux infringed the ‘236 and ‘738 patents in our complaint filed in the North Carolina case, which BridgeLux has moved to dismiss. In February 2007, the court in Texas ordered that the claims on the ‘236 and ‘738 patents be severed and dismissed without prejudice on the ground that claims under these patents are the subject of prior pending litigation. BridgeLux had also moved to sever and to dismiss or stay proceedings on additional counterclaims we had asserted against BridgeLux for infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,614,056 and 6,885,036. The court denied the motion by

 

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BridgeLux to sever the claims under the ‘056 and ‘036 patents, with the result that these claims remain pending in Texas.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Described below are various risks and uncertainties that may affect our business. These risks and uncertainties are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties, both known and unknown, including ones that we currently deem immaterial or that are similar to those faced by other companies in our industry or business in general, may also affect our business. If any of the risks described below actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our operating results and margins may fluctuate significantly.

Although we experienced significant revenue growth over the past few years, we may not be able to sustain such growth or maintain our margins, and we may experience significant fluctuations in our revenue, earnings and margins in the future. Historically, the prices of our LEDs have declined based on market trends. We attempt to maintain our margins by constantly developing improved or new products, which provide greater value and result in higher prices, or by lowering the cost of our LEDs. If we are unable to do so, our margins will decline. Our operating results and margins may vary significantly in the future due to many factors, including the following:

 

   

average sales prices for our products declining at a greater rate than anticipated;

 

   

fluctuations in foreign currency as more of our revenue may be in non-U.S. currencies;

 

   

our ability to develop, manufacture and deliver products in a timely and cost-effective manner;

 

   

variations in the amount of usable product produced during manufacturing (our “yield”);

 

   

our ability to improve yields and reduce costs in order to allow lower product pricing without margin reductions;

 

   

our increased reliance on and our ability to ramp up capacity at COTCO and our subcontractors in Asia;

 

   

our ability to ramp up production for our new products;

 

   

our ability to convert our substrates used in our volume manufacturing to larger diameters;

 

   

our ability to produce higher brightness and more efficient LED products that satisfy customer design requirements;

 

   

our ability to develop new products to specifications that meet the evolving needs of our customers;

 

   

changes in demand for our products and our customers’ products may cause fluctuations in revenue and possible inventory obsolescence;

 

   

effects of an economic slow down on consumer spending on such items as cell phones, electronic devices and automobiles;

 

   

changes in the competitive landscape, such as availability of higher brightness LED products, higher volume production and lower pricing from competitors;

 

   

changes in the mix of products we sell, which may vary significantly;

 

   

other companies’ inventions of new technology that may make our products obsolete;

 

   

product returns or exchanges that could impact our short-term results;

 

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changes in purchase commitments permitted under our contracts with large customers;

 

   

changes in production capacity and variations in the utilization of that capacity;

 

   

disruptions of manufacturing that could result from damage to our manufacturing facilities from causes such as fire, flood or other casualties, particularly in the case of our single site for SiC wafer and LED production or disruptions from some of our sole source vendors; and

 

   

changes in accounting rules, such as recording expenses for stock option grants.

These or other factors could adversely affect our future operating results and margins. If our future operating results or margins are below the expectations of stock market analysts or our investors, our stock price will likely decline.

If we fail to evaluate and implement strategic opportunities successfully, our business may suffer.

From time to time we evaluate strategic opportunities available to us for product, technology or business acquisitions. For example, in July 2006 we acquired INTRINSIC Semiconductor Corporation and in March 2007 we acquired COTCO. If we choose to make acquisitions, we face certain risks, such as failure of the acquired business to meet our performance expectations, diversion of management attention, retention of existing customers of our current and acquired business, and difficulty in integrating the acquired business’s operations, personnel and financial and operating systems into our current business. We may not be able to successfully address these risks or any other problems that arise from our recent or future acquisitions. Any failure to successfully evaluate strategic opportunities and address risks or other problems that arise related to any acquisition could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

If we are unable to effectively expand the distribution channels for our component products , our operating results may suffer

We are expecting to be working in business channels that are different from those we currently operate in as we grow our business and sell more components versus LED chips. If we are unable to complete the development of these new distribution channels to ensure our products are reaching the appropriate customer base, our financial results may be impacted. In addition, if we are successful in penetrating these new distribution channels, we cannot guarantee that the customer will accept our components or that we will be able manufacture and deliver them in the timeline established by the customer.

Our traditional LED chip customers may reduce orders as a result of our entry into the packaged LED markets.

We began shipping packaged LED devices in fiscal 2005. In addition, in March 2007, we acquired COTCO. As a result, some of our customers may reduce their orders for our chips because we are competing with them in the packaged LED business. This reduction in orders could occur faster than our packaged LED business can grow in the near term, which could reduce our overall revenue and profitability.

 

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Our operating results are substantially dependent on the development of new products based on our technology.

Our future success may depend on our ability to develop new and lower cost solutions for existing and new markets. We must introduce new products in a timely and cost-effective manner, and we must secure production orders for those products from our customers. The development of new products is a highly complex process, and we historically have experienced delays in completing the development and introduction of new products. Products currently under development include larger, higher quality substrates and epitaxy, wide bandgap RF and microwave power devices, higher brightness LED products such as the new EZBrightTM LED, and high power packaged LEDs. The successful development and introduction of these products depends on a number of factors, including the following:

 

   

achievement of technology breakthroughs required to make commercially viable devices;

 

   

the accuracy of our predictions of market requirements and evolving standards;

 

   

acceptance of our new product designs;

 

   

acceptance of new technology in certain markets;

 

   

the availability of qualified development personnel;

 

   

our timely completion of product designs and development;

 

   

our ability to expand sales and influence key customers to adopt our products;

 

   

our ability to develop repeatable processes to manufacture new products in sufficient quantities and at low enough costs for commercial sales;

 

   

our customers’ ability to develop competitive products incorporating our products;

 

   

acceptance of our customers’ products by the market; and

 

   

transition the majority of our LEDs from 3-inch to 4-inch wafers.

If any of these or other factors become problematic, we may not be able to develop and introduce these new products in a timely or cost-efficient manner.

We face significant challenges managing our growth.

We have experienced a period of significant growth over the past few years that may challenge our management and other resources. We are also in the process of transforming our business to support a global components customer base. In order to manage our growth and change in our strategy effectively, we must continue to:

 

   

expand global sales, marketing and distribution;

 

   

implement and improve operating systems;

 

   

maintain adequate manufacturing facilities and equipment to meet customer demand;

 

   

maintain a sufficient supply of raw materials to support our growth;

 

   

improve the skills and capabilities of our current management team;

 

   

add experienced senior level managers;

 

   

attract and retain qualified people with experience in engineering, design and marketing; and

 

   

recruit and retain qualified manufacturing employees.

 

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We will spend substantial amounts of money in supporting our growth and may have additional unexpected costs. We may not be able to expand quickly enough to exploit potential market opportunities. Our future operating results will also depend on expanding sales and marketing, research and development, and administrative functions to support a global components customer base. If we cannot attract qualified people or manage growth and change effectively, our business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Our acquisition of COTCO exposes us to the risks inherent in doing business in China, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

As a result of our March 2007 acquisition of COTCO, which has operations and a manufacturing facility in China, we are exposed to risk associated with operating in China, including the following:

 

   

foreign exchange fluctuations, as COTCO’s operations and sales are denominated in non-U.S. currency;

 

   

tariffs and other barriers;

 

   

timing and availability of export licenses;

 

   

disruptions in operations due to the expansion of China’s domestic infrastructure;

 

   

difficulties in accounts receivable collections;

 

   

difficulties in staffing and managing a distant international subsidiary;

 

   

the burden of complying with foreign and international laws and treaties; and

 

   

the burden of complying with and changes in international taxation policies.

In addition, the Chinese government and provincial and local governments have provided, and continue to provide, various incentives to encourage the development of the technology industry in China. Such incentives include tax rebates, reduced tax rates, favorable lending policies, and other measures, some or all of which may be available to us with respect to the facility we have acquired in China. Any of these incentives could be reduced or eliminated by governmental authorities at any time. Any such reduction or elimination of incentives currently provided to COTCO could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

If we are unable to produce and sell adequate quantities of our LED products and improve our yields and reduce costs, our operating results may suffer.

We believe that our ability to gain customer acceptance of our products and to achieve higher volume production and lower production costs for those products will be important to our future operating results. We must reduce costs of these products to avoid margin reductions from the lower selling prices we may offer due to our competitive environment and/or to satisfy prior contractual commitments. Achieving greater volumes and lower costs requires improved production yields for these products. We may encounter manufacturing difficulties as we ramp up our capacity to make our newest high-brightness products. Our failure to produce adequate quantities and improve the yields of any of these products could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Our results of operations, financial condition and business would be harmed if we were unable to balance customer demand and capacity.

We are in the process of taking steps to address our manufacturing capacity needs for certain products. If we are not able to increase our capacity or if we increase our capacity too quickly, our business and results of operations could be adversely impacted. We are also expanding capacity for our XLamp® products and qualifying COTCO. If we experience delays or additional unforeseen costs associated with this expansion, we may not be able to achieve our financial targets.

Our LED revenues are highly dependent on our customers’ ability to produce competitive white LED products using our LED chips.

Some of our customers package our blue LEDs in combination with phosphors to create white LEDs. Growth in sales of our high-brightness LED chips used in white light applications is dependent upon our customers’ ability to develop efficient white LED products using our chips. Nichia Corporation, or Nichia, currently has the majority of the market share for white LEDs and other companies, such as Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., offer highly competitive blue chips and white products to compete with Nichia. The white LEDs that our customers produce with our chips historically have not been as bright as Nichia’s white LEDs. Even if our customers are able to develop higher performance white LED products, there can be no assurance that they will be able to compete with Nichia, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., or other competitors.

If we experience poor production yields or cannot reduce costs, our margins could decline and our operating results may suffer.

Our materials products, our LED products, and our high-power products are manufactured using technologies that are highly complex. We manufacture our SiC wafer products from bulk SiC crystals, and we use these SiC wafers to manufacture our LED products and our SiC-based high-power semiconductors. During our manufacturing process, each wafer is processed to contain numerous die, which are the individual semiconductor devices. Our high-power devices and XLamp products are then further processed by incorporating them into packages for sale as packaged components. The number of usable crystals, wafers, dies and packaged components that result from our production processes can fluctuate as a result of many factors, including but not limited to the following:

 

   

variability in our process repeatability and control;

 

   

impurities in the materials used;

 

   

contamination of the manufacturing environment;

 

   

equipment failure, power outages or variations in the manufacturing process;

 

   

lack of consistency and adequate quality and quantity of piece parts and other raw materials;

 

   

losses from broken wafers or human errors;

 

   

defects in packaging either within our control or at our subcontractors; and

 

   

transition of our LED wafer production from 3-inch to 4-inch wafers.

We refer to the proportion of usable product produced at each manufacturing step relative to the gross number that could be constructed from the materials used as our manufacturing yield.

 

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If our yields decrease, our cost per wafer could increase, our margins could decline and our operating results would be adversely affected. In the past, we have experienced difficulties in achieving acceptable yields on new products, which has adversely affected our operating results. We may experience similar problems in the future, and we cannot predict when they may occur or their severity. In some instances, we may offer products for future delivery at prices based on planned yield improvements. Reduced yields or failure to achieve planned yield improvements could continue to significantly affect our margins and operating results.

We depend on a few large customers and our revenues may be affected by their contract terms.

Historically, a substantial portion of our revenue has come from large purchases by a small number of customers. Accordingly, our future operating results depend on the success of our largest customers and on our success in selling large quantities of our products to them. The concentration of our revenues with a few large customers makes us particularly susceptible to factors affecting those customers. For example, if demand for their products decreases, they may limit or stop purchasing our products and our operating results could suffer. In addition, the Sumitomo Corporation, or Sumitomo contract provides that Sumitomo may decrease its purchase commitment, as we experienced in fiscal 2006 and are experiencing in the first nine months of fiscal 2007, or terminate the contract if its inventory of our product reaches a specified level. Sumitomo’s inventory of our products can vary materially each quarter based on fluctuations in its customer demand. In general, the success of our relationships with our customers is subject to a number of factors, including the dynamics of the overall market. For example, if some of our competitors were to license technology or form alliances with other parties, our business may be impacted.

We rely on a few key sole source and limited source suppliers.

We depend on a small number of sole source and limited source suppliers for certain raw materials, components, services and equipment used in manufacturing our products, including key materials and equipment used in critical stages of our manufacturing processes. Although alternative sources generally exist for these items, qualification of many of these alternative sources could take up to six months or longer. Where possible, we are attempting to identify alternative sources for our sole and limited source suppliers.

We generally purchase these sole or limited source items with purchase orders, and we have no guaranteed supply arrangements with such suppliers. We do not control the time and resources that these suppliers devote to our business, and we cannot be sure that these suppliers will perform their obligations to us. In the past, we have experienced decreases in our production yields when suppliers have varied from previously agreed upon specifications that have impacted our cost of sales.

Any delay in product delivery or other interruption or variation in supply from these suppliers could prevent us from meeting commercial demand for our products. If we were to lose key suppliers, our key suppliers were unable to support our demand, or we were unable to identify and qualify alternative suppliers, our manufacturing operations could be interrupted or hampered significantly.

 

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The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and have evolving technology standards.

The markets for our LED and high-power products are highly competitive. In the LED market, we compete with companies that manufacture or sell nitride-based LED chips as well as those that sell packaged LEDs. Competitors are offering new blue, green and white LEDs with aggressive prices and improved performance. These competitors may reduce average sales prices faster than our cost reduction, and competitive pricing pressures may accelerate the rate of decline of our average sale prices. The market for SiC wafers is also becoming competitive as other firms in recent years have begun offering SiC wafer products or announced plans to do so.

Competition is increasing. In order to achieve our revenue growth objectives in fiscal 2007 and beyond, we need to continue to develop new products that enable our customers to win new designs and increase market share in key applications such as mobile products. One major supplier dominates this market and we anticipate that the competition for these designs has intensified and will result in pressure to lower sales prices of our products. Therefore, our ability to provide higher performance LEDs at lower costs will be critical to our success. Competitors may also try to align with some of our strategic customers. This could mean lower prices for our products, reduced demand for our products and a corresponding reduction in our ability to recover development, engineering and manufacturing costs. Competitors also could invent new technologies that may make our products obsolete. Any of these developments could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our business may be impaired by claims that we, or our customers, infringe intellectual property rights of others.

Vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual property rights characterize the semiconductor industry. These traits have resulted in significant and often protracted and expensive litigation. Litigation to determine the validity of patents or claims by third parties of infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights could result in significant expense and divert the efforts of our technical personnel and management, even if the litigation results in a determination favorable to us. In the event of an adverse result in such litigation, we could be required to:

 

   

pay substantial damages;

 

   

indemnify our customers;

 

   

stop the manufacture, use and sale of products found to be infringing;

 

   

discontinue the use of processes found to be infringing;

 

   

expend significant resources to develop non-infringing products and processes; and/or

 

   

obtain a license to use third party technology.

There can be no assurance that third parties will not attempt to assert infringement claims against us or our customers with respect to our products. In addition, our customers may face infringement claims directed to the customer’s products that incorporate our products, and an adverse result could impair the customer’s demand for our products. We have also promised certain of our customers that we will indemnify them in the event they are sued by our competitors for infringement claims directed to the products we supply. Under this indemnification obligation we may be responsible for future payments to resolve infringement claims against them. From time to time we receive correspondence asserting that our products or

 

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processes are or may be infringing patents or other intellectual property rights of others. Our practice is to investigate such claims to determine whether the assertions have merit and, if so, we take appropriate steps to seek to obtain a license or to avoid the infringement. However, we cannot predict whether a license will be available or that we would find the terms of any license offered acceptable or commercially reasonable. Failure to obtain a necessary license could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and costs and to suspend the manufacture of products.

There are limitations on our ability to protect our intellectual property.

Our intellectual property position is based in part on patents owned by us and patents exclusively licensed to us by North Carolina State University, Boston University and others. The licensed patents include patents relating to the SiC crystal growth process that is central to our SiC materials and device business. We intend to continue to file patent applications in the future, where appropriate, and to pursue such applications with U.S. and foreign patent authorities.

However, we cannot be sure that patents will be issued on such applications or that our existing or future patents will not be successfully contested by third parties. Also, since issuance of a valid patent does not prevent other companies from using alternative, non-infringing technology, we cannot be sure that any of our patents, or patents issued to others and licensed to us, will provide significant commercial protection, especially as new competitors enter the market.

In addition to patent protection, we also rely on trade secrets and other non-patented proprietary information relating to our product development and manufacturing activities. We try to protect this information through appropriate efforts to maintain its secrecy, including requiring employees and third parties to sign confidentiality agreements. We cannot be sure that these efforts will be successful or that the confidentiality agreements will not be breached. We also cannot be sure that we would have adequate remedies for any breach of such agreements or other misappropriation of our trade secrets, or that our trade secrets and proprietary know-how will not otherwise become known or be independently discovered by others.

Where necessary, we may initiate litigation to enforce our patent or other intellectual property rights. Any such litigation may require us to spend a substantial amount of time and money and could distract management from our day-to-day operations. Moreover, there is no assurance that we will be successful in any such litigation.

Performance of our investments in other companies could affect our financial results.

From time to time, we have made investments in public and private companies that engage in complementary businesses. Should the value of any such investments we hold decline, the related write-down in value could have a material adverse effect on our financial results as reflected in our consolidated balance sheets. In addition, if the decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the related write-down could have an adverse effect on our reported net income. We currently hold an interest in one public company, Color Kinetics.

We may make investments in companies, which subject us to risks inherent in the business of the company in which we have invested and to trends affecting the equity markets as a whole. Investments in private companies are subject to additional risks relating to the limitations on transferability of the interests due to the lack of a public market and to other transfer restrictions. Investments in publicly held companies are subject to market risks and may not be liquidated

 

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easily. As a result, we may not be able to reduce the size of our positions or liquidate our investments when we deem appropriate to limit our downside risk.

Our investments in other companies also may cause fluctuations in our earnings results. In future periods, we will be required to continue to adjust our deferred tax asset valuation allowance in connection with any increase or decrease in the value of our Color Kinetics investment, which could increase or decrease our income tax expense for the period. This may cause fluctuations in our earnings results that do not accurately reflect our results from operations.

If government agencies discontinue or curtail their funding for our research and development programs, our business may suffer.

Changes in federal budget priorities could adversely affect our contract revenue. Historically, government agencies have funded a significant portion of our research and development activities. When the government changes budget priorities, such as in times of war, our funding has the risk of being redirected to other programs. Government contracts are also subject to the risk that the government agency may not appropriate and allocate all funding contemplated by the contract. In addition, our government contracts generally permit the contracting authority to terminate the contracts for the convenience of the government. The full value of the contracts would not be realized if they were prematurely terminated. Furthermore, we may be unable to incur sufficient allowable costs to generate the full estimated contract values and there is some risk that any technologies developed under these contracts may not have commercial value. If government funding is discontinued or reduced, our ability to develop or enhance products could be limited, and our business results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

If our products fail to perform or meet customer requirements, we could incur significant additional costs.

The manufacture of our products involves highly complex processes. Our customers specify quality, performance and reliability standards that we must meet. If our products do not meet these standards, we may be required to replace or rework the products. In some cases, our products may contain undetected defects or flaws that only become evident after shipment. We have experienced product quality, performance or reliability problems from time to time. Defects or failures may occur in the future. If failures or defects occur, we could:

 

   

lose revenue;

 

   

incur increased costs, such as warranty expense and costs associated with customer support;

 

   

experience delays, cancellations or rescheduling of orders for our products;

 

   

write down existing inventory; or

 

   

experience product returns.

 

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We are subject to risks from international sales.

We expect that revenue from international sales will continue to be the majority of our total revenue. International sales are subject to a variety of risks, including risks arising from currency fluctuations, trading restrictions, tariffs, trade barriers and taxes. Our sales are subject to variability as prices become less competitive in countries with currencies that are low or are declining in value against the U.S. dollar and more competitive in countries with currencies that are high or increasing in value against the U.S. dollar.

Litigation could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

We are defendants in pending litigation as described in “Part II, Item 1. Legal Proceedings” of this report that alleges, among other things, violations of securities laws and patent infringement. Defending against existing and potential litigation will likely require significant attention and resources and, regardless of the outcome, result in significant legal expenses, which will adversely affect our results unless covered by insurance or recovered from third parties. If our defenses are ultimately unsuccessful, or if we are unable to achieve a favorable resolution, we could be liable for damage awards that could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are being filed herewith and are numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K:

 

  2.01    Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2007, between COTCO Holdings Limited and Cree, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 2, 2007
10.2    Shareholders’ and Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2007, between Cree, Inc. and COTCO Holdings Limited
31.1    Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2    Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1    Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2    Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

    CREE, INC.
Date: April 20, 2007    
   

/s/ John T. Kurtzweil

    John T. Kurtzweil
   

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

(Authorized Officer and Chief Financial and

Accounting Officer)

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit No.   

Description

  2.01    Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2007, between COTCO Holdings Limited and Cree, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 2, 2007
10.2    Shareholders’ and Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2007, between Cree, Inc. and COTCO Holdings Limited
31.1    Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2    Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1    Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2    Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

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