Edgar Filing: INDEPENDENCE REALTY TRUST, INC

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Form 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 333-160093

INDEPENDENCE REALTY TRUST, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)


Maryland		26-4567130
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Cira Centre 2929 Arch St., 17th Floor Philadelphia, PA		19104
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

(215) 243-9000

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

As of November 7, 2012 there were 327,536 shares of the Registrant’s common stock issued and outstanding.

INDEPENDENCE REALTY TRUST, INC.

INDEX


		Page

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION			2

Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)		2

	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011		2

	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three-Month and Nine-Month Periods ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011		3

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three-Month and Nine-Month Periods ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011		4

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three-Month and Nine-Month Periods ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011		5

	Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements as of September 30, 2012 (unaudited)		6

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		16

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		23

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		24

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION			24

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		24

Item 1A.	Risk Factors		24

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		24

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities		24

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		24

Item 5.	Other Information		25

Item 6.	Exhibits		25

Signatures			26

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Financial Statements

Independence Realty Trust, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited and dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)


	As of September 30, 2012			As of December 31, 2011
ASSETS:
Investments in real estate, net of accumulated depreciation of $11,486 and $9,304, respectively	$	126,523		$	128,124
Cash and cash equivalents		3,618			1,107
Restricted cash		1,194			1,072
Accounts receivable and other assets		881			543
Deferred costs, net of accumulated amortization of $51 and $15, respectively		395			506

Total assets	$	132,611		$	131,352

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY:
Mortgage indebtedness	$	82,175		$	82,175
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		1,766			1,529
Other liabilities		618			590

Total liabilities		84,559			84,294
Equity:
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized, 125 shares issued and outstanding		0			0
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized, 325,023 and 20,000 shares issued and outstanding, respectively		3			0
Additional paid-in capital		3,312			200
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)		(296	)		(113	)

Total stockholders’ equity		3,019			87
Non-controlling interest		45,033			46,971

Total equity		48,052			47,058

Total liabilities and equity	$	132,611		$	131,352

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Independence Realty Trust, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited and dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)


	For the Three-Month Periods Ended September 30						For the Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30
	2012			2011			2012			2011
REVENUE:
Rental income	$	3,609		$	2,855		$	10,827		$	4,788
Tenant reimbursement and other property income		202			166			596			273
Other income		230			201			694			335

Total revenue		4,041			3,222			12,117			5,396
EXPENSES:
Property operating expenses		2,099			1,721			5,908			2,825
General and administrative expenses		255			249			860			348
Acquisition expenses		52			58			92			404
Depreciation and amortization		840			630			2,471			1,083

Total expenses		3,246			2,658			9,331			4,660

Operating Income		795			564			2,786			736
Interest expense		(809	)		(629	)		(2,408	)		(1,053	)

Net income (loss)		(14	)		(65	)		378			(317	)
Income allocated to preferred shares		(4	)		0			(12	)		0
Income (loss) allocated to non-controlling interest		(10	)		17			(434	)		233

Net income (loss) allocable to common shares	$	(28	)	$	(48	)	$	(68	)	$	(84	)

Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic	$	(0.09	)	$	(2.40	)	$	(0.26	)	$	(4.20	)

Diluted	$	(0.09	)	$	(2.40	)	$	(0.26	)	$	(4.20	)

Weighted-average shares:
Basic		324,359			20,000			256,883			20,000

Diluted		324,359			20,000			256,883			20,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Independence Realty Trust, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited and dollars in thousands)


	For the Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30
	2012			2011
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	378		$	(317	)
Depreciation and amortization		2,471			1,083
Amortization of deferred financing costs		104			6
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable and other assets		(338	)		(378	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		237			1,088
Other liabilities		(11	)		(31	)

Net cash from operating activities		2,841			1,451
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of real estate properties		0			(644	)
Capital expenditures		(870	)		(556	)
Increase in restricted cash		(122	)		177

Net cash from investing activities		(992	)		(1,023	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock		100			0
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		3,015			0
Proceeds from issuance of non-controlling interests		0			1,250
Payments for deferred financing costs		7			(263	)
Distributions on preferred stock		(8	)		0
Distributions on common stock		(101	)		(2	)
Distributions to non-controlling interests		(2,351	)		(412	)

Net cash from financing activities		662			573

Net change in cash and cash equivalents		2,511			1,001
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		1,107			209

Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period	$	3,618		$	1,210

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Independence Realty Trust, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited and dollars in thousands)


	For the Three-Month Periods Ended September 30						For the Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30
	2012			2011			2012			2011
Net income (loss)	$	(14	)	$	(65	)	$	378		$	(317	)

Comprehensive income (loss) before allocation to non-controlling interests		(14	)		(65	)		378			(317	)
Allocation to non-controlling interests		(10	)		17			(434	)		233

Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(24	)	$	(48	)	$	(56	)	$	(84	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Independence Realty Trust, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of September 30, 2012

(Unaudited and dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

NOTE 1: Organization

Independence Realty Trust, Inc., or the Company, was formed on March 26, 2009 as a Maryland corporation that has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2011. We are sponsored by RAIT Financial Trust, our sponsor, a publicly traded Maryland REIT whose common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “RAS.” As used herein, the terms “we,” “our” and “us” refer to the Company and, as required by context, Independence Realty Operating Partnership, LP, which we refer to as our operating partnership, and their subsidiaries. We own substantially all of our assets and conduct our operations through our operating partnership, of which we are the sole general partner.

We sold 20,000 shares of our common stock to Independence Realty Advisors, LLC, our advisor, on April 30, 2009. Our advisor was purchased on January 20, 2011 by a wholly owned subsidiary of our sponsor. Our advisor transferred its 20,000 shares to RAIT NTR Holdings, LLC, or RAIT NTR, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of our sponsor on June 18, 2012. On January 4, 2012, we issued and sold 125 shares of our 12.5% Series A Cumulative Non-Voting Preferred Stock to 125 accredited investors who are not affiliated with us.

On June 10, 2011, our Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-173391) for an offering of a minimum of 250,000 shares and a maximum of 100,000,000 shares of common stock for sale to the public at a price of $10.00 per share (subject to certain discounts) in the primary offering and $9.50 per share pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, which we refer to collectively as our offering, was declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. During the quarter ended March 31, 2012, we satisfied the minimum offering amount of our offering as a result of our sale of 300,000 shares of our common stock for $10.00 per share for total gross proceeds of $3,000 to RAIT NTR. During the quarter ended September 30, 2012 we sold an additional 5,000 shares in our offering to unaffiliated investors. We intend to invest the net proceeds of our ongoing public offering in a diversified portfolio of multifamily properties with strong and stable cash flows that have the potential to generate attractive distributions for our investors, with a primary focus on core and stabilized multifamily properties that are well leased and produce predictable income.

Subject to certain restrictions and limitations, our business is externally managed on a day-to-day basis by our advisor, a wholly owned subsidiary of our sponsor, pursuant to an advisory agreement between us and our advisor. Our advisor conducts our operations and manages our portfolio of real estate investments. We have no paid employees.

We have retained Independence Realty Securities, LLC, or our dealer manager, a wholly owned subsidiary of our sponsor, to serve as our dealer manager for our offering and assume responsibility for marketing our common shares. Because our advisor and our dealer manager are indirectly owned and controlled by our sponsor, they are affiliated with us and are considered related parties. Our advisor and our dealer manager will receive compensation and fees for services related to our offering and for the investment and management of our assets. The compensation levels during our offering, acquisition and operational stages are based on percentages of offering proceeds, the cost of properties acquired and the annual revenue earned from such properties, respectively.

As of September 30, 2012, we owned seven multifamily properties with 1,812 units located in five states.

NOTE 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

a. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared by management in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although we believe that the included disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly our consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations and cash flows are included. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year.

b. Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements reflect our accounts and the accounts of our operating partnership and other wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

c. Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

d. Organization and Offering Costs

We have incurred and expect to incur additional accounting and offering costs in connection with our offering. The offering and organization costs, which are primarily being incurred by our advisor, are expected to be paid or reimbursed by us with offering proceeds.

Our advisor has advanced or reimbursed, and may continue to advance or reimburse, all the organization and offering costs incurred on our behalf. We will pay our advisor up to 1.0% of gross offering proceeds. As of September 30, 2012, our offering proceeds were $3,050. Organization and offering costs include items such as legal and accounting fees, marketing, promotional and printing costs. All organizational cost will be expensed when incurred. All offering costs will be recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in-capital when incurred. Our advisor has incurred $4,161 of organization and offering costs from our date of inception through September 30, 2012 of which $31 have been reimbursed to our advisor.

e. Revenue Recognition

Minimum rents are recognized on an accrual basis, over the terms of the related leases on a straight-line basis. Any above-market lease values and the capitalized below-market lease values are amortized as an adjustment to rental income over the lease term. Recoveries from residential tenants for utility costs are recognized as revenue in the period that the applicable costs are incurred.

f. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Bad Debts

We make estimates of the collectability of our accounts receivable related to base rents, expense reimbursements and other revenue. We analyze accounts receivable and historical bad debt levels, tenant credit worthiness and current economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. In addition, tenants experiencing financial difficulties are analyzed and estimates are made in connection with expected uncollectible receivables. Our reported operating results are directly affected by management’s estimate of the collectability of accounts receivable.

g. Investments in Real Estate

Allocation of Purchase Price of Acquired Assets

We account for acquisitions of properties in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations”. The fair value of the real estate acquired is allocated to the acquired tangible assets, consisting of land, building and tenant improvements, and identified intangible assets and liabilities, consisting of the value of above-market and below-market leases for acquired in-place leases and the value of tenant relationships, based in each case on their fair values. Purchase accounting is applied to assets and liabilities associated with the real estate acquired. Transaction costs and fees incurred related to acquisitions are expensed as incurred. Transaction costs and fees incurred related to the acquisition of a joint venture interest, accounted for under the equity method of accounting, are capitalized as part of the cost of the investment.

Upon the acquisition of properties, we estimate the fair value of acquired tangible assets (consisting of land, building and improvements) and identified intangible assets and liabilities (consisting of above and below-market leases, in-place leases and tenant relationships), and assumed debt at the date of acquisition, based on the evaluation of information and estimates available at that date. Based on these estimates, we allocate the initial purchase price to the applicable assets and liabilities. As final information regarding fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is received and estimates are refined, appropriate adjustments will be made to the purchase price allocation, in no case later than twelve months of the acquisition date.

In determining the fair value of the identified intangible assets and liabilities of an acquired property, above-market and below-market in-place lease values are recorded based on the present value (using an interest rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the differences between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease. The capitalized above-market lease values and the capitalized below-market lease values are amortized as an adjustment to rental income over the lease term.

The aggregate value of in-place leases is determined by evaluating various factors, including an estimate of carrying costs during the expected lease-up periods, current market conditions and similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, management includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses, and estimates of lost rental revenue during the expected lease-up periods based on current market demand. Management also estimates costs to execute similar leases including leasing commissions, legal and other related costs. The value assigned to this intangible asset is amortized over the remaining lease terms.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Management evaluates the recoverability of its investment in real estate assets, including related identifiable intangible assets, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment”. This statement requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that recoverability of the assets is not assured.

Management evaluates the long-lived assets on an ongoing basis and records an impairment charge when there is an indicator of impairment. The estimated cash flows used for the impairment analysis and the determination of estimated fair value are based on our plans for the respective assets and our views of market and economic conditions. The estimates consider matters such as current and historical rental rates, occupancies for the respective and/or comparable properties, and recent sales data for comparable properties. Changes in estimated future cash flows due to changes in our plans or views of market and economic conditions could result in recognition of impairment losses, which, under the applicable accounting guidance, could be substantial.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation expense for real estate assets are computed using a straight-line method based on a life of 40 years for buildings and improvements and five to ten years for equipment and fixtures. Expenditures for tenant improvements are capitalized and amortized over the initial term of each lease.

h. Deferred Costs

We capitalize initial direct costs in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 310, “Receivables”. The costs are capitalized upon the execution of the loan or lease and amortized over the initial term of the corresponding loan or lease. Deferred loan costs are amortized to interest expense over the term of the loan. Deferred leasing costs are amortized to amortization expense over the initial term of the lease.

i. Income Taxes

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2011. Accordingly, we recorded no income tax expense for the three and nine-months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.

To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our ordinary taxable income to stockholders. As a REIT, we generally are not subject to federal income tax on taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income taxes on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders, however, we believe that we are organized and operate in such a manner as to qualify and maintain treatment as a REIT and intend to operate in such a manner so that we will remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.

j. Earnings per Share

Earnings per share is computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings per Share”, by dividing the net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the respective period. Earnings per share excludes 5,274,900 limited partnership units that are convertible into common stock as their effect would be anti-dilutive for the three and nine-months ended September 30, 2012.

k. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standard classified under FASB ASC Topic 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment”. This accounting standard amends existing guidance to resolve the diversity in practice about whether the guidance for real estate sales applies to a parent that ceases to have a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary that is in substance real estate as a result of default on the subsidiary’s nonrecourse debt. This accounting standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods with those years, beginning on or after June 15, 2012. Management expects that the adoption of this standard will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3: Investments in Real Estate

As of September 30, 2012, our investments in real estate consisted of seven multifamily real estate properties with 1,812 units. The table below summarizes our investments in real estate:


Land	$	27,089
Building		109,072
Furniture, fixtures and equipment		1,848

Total investment in real estate		138,009
Accumulated depreciation		(11,486	)

Investments in real estate, net	$	126,523

Acquisitions

On April 29, 2011, we, through our operating partnership, acquired six multifamily properties, which we refer to as the initial portfolio, from six wholly-owned subsidiaries of our sponsor. The contribution value of the initial portfolio was $103,790. In connection with the acquisition of the initial portfolio, our operating partnership assumed $64,575 of mortgage indebtedness and issued $39,215 of limited partner interests, or 3,921,500 limited partner units, to subsidiaries of our sponsor. In addition, a subsidiary of our sponsor purchased an additional 125,000 limited partner units for $1,250 in cash on April 29, 2011. Since we were wholly-owned by our sponsor and under common control, the assets and liabilities of the initial portfolio were recorded at our sponsor’s carrying amount, or book value, at the time of contribution, pursuant to Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5G and ASC 805-50-30-5.

The following table summarizes the aggregate carrying value of the assets and liabilities associated with the initial portfolio acquired during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2011, on the respective date of each conversion, for the real estate accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 805.


Description	Carrying Amount
Assets acquired:
Investments in real estate, net	$	101,733
Liabilities assumed:
Mortgage indebtedness		64,575

Carrying amount of net assets acquired	$	37,158

Our consolidated unaudited pro forma information, after including the acquisition of real estate properties, is presented below as if the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2011. These pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the results which actually would have occurred if the acquisition had occurred on the first day of the periods presented, nor does the pro forma financial information purport to represent the results of operations for future periods:


Description	For the Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2011
Total revenue, as reported	$	5,396
Pro forma revenue		9,689
Net income (loss) allocable to common shares, as reported		(84	)
Pro forma net income (loss) allocable to common shares		(89	)

NOTE 4: Mortgage Indebtedness

Each of our properties is encumbered by a first mortgage. Our sponsor holds $38,075 of our debt while $44,100 is held by third parties. A summary of each mortgage, as of September 30, 2012, is as follows:


Property	Outstanding Principal		Current Interest Rate			Maturity Date	Interest Terms
Crestmont Apartments	$	6,750		5.7	%	May 1, 2021	Fixed rate. Interest only payments are due monthly. Beginning May 1, 2013, principal and interest payments are required based on a 30-year amortization schedule
Cumberland Glen Apartments		6,900		5.7		May 1, 2021	Fixed rate. Interest only payments are due monthly. Beginning May 1, 2013, principal and interest payments are required based on a 30-year amortization schedule
Copper Mill Apartments		7,350		5.7		May 1, 2021	Fixed rate. Interest only payments are due monthly. Beginning May 1, 2013, principal and interest payments are required based on a 30-year amortization schedule
Heritage Trace Apartments		5,500		5.7		May 1, 2021	Fixed rate. Interest only payments are due monthly. Beginning May 1, 2013, principal and interest payments are required based on a 30-year amortization schedule
Belle Creek Apartments		10,575		2.5		April 28, 2021	Fixed rate of interest at 2.5% for the first two years with a floating rate thereafter at 225 basis points over 30-day LIBOR. Interest only
Tresa at Arrowhead		27,500		2.5		April 28, 2021	Fixed rate of interest at 2.5% for the first two years with a floating rate thereafter at 225 basis points over 30-day LIBOR. Interest only
Centrepoint Apartments		17,600		3.7		January 1, 2019	Fixed rate. Interest only payments are due monthly. Beginning February 1, 2015, principal and interest payments are required based on a 30-year amortization schedule

Total /Weighted-Average	$	82,175		3.8	%

NOTE 5: Stockholder Equity and Non-Controlling Interest

Stockholder Equity

Preferred Shares

On January 4, 2012, we issued and sold 125 shares of our 12.5% Series A Cumulative Non-Voting Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, which we refer to as the Series A Preferred Stock, for a purchase price of $1,000 per share, or $125 in the aggregate, to 125 accredited investors who are not affiliated with us. We have elected to be taxed as a REIT beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2011. One requirement to qualify as a REIT is that 100 or more persons must own our outstanding shares of capital stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, other than our first REIT taxable year. We expect that the sale of our Series A Preferred Stock ensures that we meet this requirement.

On May 10, 2012, our board of directors authorized and declared distributions on our Series A Preferred Stock for the period beginning on their original issue date, January 4, 2012, and ending on June 30, 2012. The distributions were payable to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock of record at a rate of $0.34722222 per day, which is an amount that is equivalent to a 12.5% annualized distribution rate based on a share price of $1,000. The distributions were paid in cash on June 29, 2012, pursuant to the requirements of our charter.

On August 9, 2012, our board of directors authorized and declared distributions on our Series A Preferred Stock for the period beginning on July 1, 2012, and ending on December 31, 2012. The distributions are payable to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock of record at a rate of $0.34722222 per day, which is an amount that is equivalent to a 12.5% annualized distribution rate based on a share price of $1,000. The dividends will be aggregated and paid in cash on December 31, 2012, pursuant to the requirements of our charter.

Common Shares

On February 15, 2012, our board of directors authorized and declared distributions on our common stock for the months of January, February and March 2012. The distributions were paid to the holders of our common stock of record at a rate of $0.00163934 per share per day, for a total of $19 for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

On May 10, 2012, our board of directors authorized and declared distributions on our common stock for the months of April, May and June 2012. The distributions were paid to the holders of our common stock of record at a rate of $0.00163934 per share per day, for a total of $48 for the three months ended June 30, 3012.

On August 9, 2012, our board of directors authorized and declared distributions on our common stock for the months of July, August and September 2012. The distributions were paid to the holders of our common stock of record at a rate of $0.00163934 per share per day, for a total of $48 for the three months ended September 30, 2012.

On November 5, 2012, our board of directors authorized and declared distributions on our common stock for the months of October, November and December 2012. The distributions will be paid to the holders of our common stock of record at a rate of $0.00163934 per share per day.

Non-controlling Interest

On February 15, 2012, our board of directors, in our capacity as the general partner of the operating partnership, authorized and declared distributions on our operating partnership’s common partnership units for the months of January, February and March 2012. The distributions were paid to common operating partnership unit holders of record at a rate of $0.00163934 per unit per day, for a total of $789 for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

On May 10, 2012, our board of directors, in our capacity as the general partner of the operating partnership, authorized and declared distributions on our operating partnership’s common partnership units for the months of April, May and June 2012. The distributions were paid to common operating partnership unit holders of record at a rate of $0.00163934 per unit per day, for a total of $787 for the three months ended June 30, 2012.

On August 9, 2012, our board of directors, in our capacity as the general partner of the operating partnership, authorized and declared distributions on our operating partnership’s common partnership units for the months of July, August and September 2012. The distributions were paid to common operating partnership unit holders of record at a rate of $0.00163934 per unit per day, for a total of $796 for the three months ended September 30, 2012.

On November 5, 2012, our board of directors, in our capacity as the general partner of the operating partnership, authorized and declared distributions on our operating partnership’s common partnership units for the months of October, November and December 2012. The distributions will be paid to the holders of our common operating partnership units holders of record at a rate of $0.00163934 per share per day.

On November 5, 2012, our board of directors, in our capacity as the general partner of the operating partnership, authorized and declared distributions on our operating partnership’s Series B Preferred Units for the period from October 11, 2012 through December 31, 2012. The distributions will be paid to holders of our Series B Preferred Units of record at a rate of $2.78 per unit per day.

NOTE 6: Equity Compensation Plans

Long Term Incentive Plan

On April 5, 2011, our board of directors approved and adopted the Long Term Incentive Plan, or our incentive plan, and the Independent Directors Compensation Plan. Our incentive plan provides for the grants of awards to our directors, officers and full-time employees (in the event we ever have employees), full-time employees of our advisor and its affiliates, full-time employees of entities that provide services to our advisor, directors of our advisor or of entities that provide services to it, certain of our consultants and certain consultants to our advisor and its affiliates or to entities that provide services to our advisor. The incentive plan authorizes the grant of restricted or unrestricted shares of our common stock, non-qualified and incentive stock options, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalents and other stock- or cash-based awards.

Under our Independent Directors Compensation Plan, which operates as a sub-plan of our incentive plan, each of our independent directors will receive 3,000 shares of common stock annually; provided, however, that no shares will be issued pursuant to our Independent Directors Compensation Plan until we have raised at least $2,500 in gross offering proceeds from unaffiliated persons. In addition, our independent directors may elect to receive their annual fee in the form of our common shares or a combination of common shares and cash.

We will account for stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation”. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense of the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. We have not granted any stock-based compensation to date. Stock-based compensation will be classified within general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations. As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statement of operations will be based on awards ultimately expected to vest, the amount of expense will be reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures will be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Forfeitures will be estimated on experience of other companies in the same industry until entity-specific information is available.

Distribution Reinvestment Program

We have adopted a distribution reinvestment program, or the DRP, through which our stockholders may elect to reinvest an amount equal to the distributions declared on their shares of common stock in additional shares in lieu of receiving cash distributions. No selling commissions or dealer manager fees will be paid on shares sold under the DRP. Our board of directors may amend or terminate the DRP for any reason, provided that any amendment that adversely affects the rights or obligations of a participant shall only take effect upon ten days’ written notice to participants.

NOTE 7: Related Party Transactions and Arrangements

Fees and Expenses Paid to Our Advisor

Our advisor generally has responsibility for our day-to-day operations. Pursuant to the terms of our Advisory Agreement, we pay our advisor the fees described below.

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We pay to our advisor an asset management fee that is payable quarterly in an amount equal to 0.1875% of the average invested assets as of the last day of the quarter, which equates to an annualized rate of 0.75% per annum. Average invested assets means the average of the aggregate book value of our assets invested in interests in, and loans secured by, real estate before reserves for depreciation or bad debt or other similar non-cash reserves. As part of the acquisition of our initial portfolio of six properties, our advisor agreed to waive any asset management fees on the initial portfolio for the first two years of our ownership. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, we paid $54 and $160 of asset management fees to our advisor, respectively.

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If our advisor provides services in connection with the financing of any third party debt that we obtain, we will pay the advisor a financing coordination fee equal to 1.0% of the amount available and/or outstanding under such financing, subject to certain limitations. We do not pay financing coordination fees in connection with debt provided by our sponsor. The services our advisor may perform include, without limitation, searching for lenders in connection with a proposed refinancing and negotiating the terms of any proposed refinancing with such lenders. Our advisor may reallow some or all of this fee to reimburse third parties that it retains to procure any such refinancing. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, we did not pay any financing coordination fees to our advisor.

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We may pay our advisor a disposition fee upon the sale of one or more of our properties in an amount equal to the lesser of (a) one-half of the commission that would be reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset or (b) 1% of the sale price of the asset. Payment of such fee may be made only if the advisor provides a substantial amount of services in connection with the sale of the asset. In addition, the amount paid when added to all other commissions paid to unaffiliated parties in connection with such sale shall not exceed the lesser of the commission that would be reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset or an amount equal to 6% of the sale price of such asset. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, we did not pay any disposition fees to our advisor.

In addition to the fees we pay to our advisor pursuant to the advisory agreement, we also reimburse our advisor and its affiliates for the costs and expenses, subject to the limitations described below under the heading “2%/25% Guidelines.” We do not reimburse the advisor or its affiliates for services for which the advisor or its affiliates are entitled to compensation in the form of a separate fee. If the advisor or its affiliates perform services that are outside of the scope of the advisory agreement, we will compensate them at rates and in amounts agreed upon by the advisor and the independent directors. We reimburse our advisor for acquisition expenses up to a maximum amount which, collectively with all acquisition fees and expenses, will not exceed, in the aggregate, 6% of the gross offering proceeds from our public offering.

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We may reimburse our advisor for certain costs it incurs in connection with the services it provides to us including, but not limited to: (i) organization and offering costs in an amount up to 1% of gross offering proceeds, which include actual legal, accounting, printing and expenses attributable to preparing the SEC registration statement, qualification of the shares for sale in the states and filing fees incurred by the advisor, as well as reimbursements for salaries and direct expenses of its employees, including, without limitation, employee benefits, while engaged in registering the shares and other organization costs, other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee; (ii) advertising expenses, expense reimbursements, and legal and accounting fees; (iii) the actual cost of goods and materials used by us and obtained from entities not affiliated with the advisor; (iv) administrative services (including personnel costs; provided, however, that no reimbursement shall be made for costs of personnel to the extent that such personnel perform services in transactions for which the advisor receives a separate fee); and (v) rent, leasehold improvement costs, utilities or other administrative items generally constituting our advisor’s overhead. We will not reimburse the advisor for any services for which we will pay the advisor a separate fee. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, our advisor incurred $79 and $622 of these expenses, respectively. During the three and nine-months ended September 30, 2012, we reimbursed our advisor for $1 and $31 of these expenses, respectively.

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We reimburse our advisor for expenses it incurs in connection with our purchase of an asset. The acquisition fees and expenses for any particular asset, including amounts payable to affiliates, will not exceed, in the aggregate, 6% of the contract purchase price (including any mortgage assumed) of the asset. Our advisor will be paid acquisition expenses and we will reimburse our advisor for acquisition expenses only to the extent that acquisition fees and acquisition expenses collectively do not exceed 6% of the contract price of our assets. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, we did not reimburse our advisor for any acquisition expenses.

Our advisory agreement has a one-year term, subject to an unlimited number of successive one-year renewals upon mutual consent of the parties. We may terminate the advisory agreement without penalty upon 60 days’ written notice. If we terminate the advisory agreement, we will pay our advisor all unpaid advances for operating expenses and all earned but unpaid fees. Effective April 7, 2012, our advisory agreement was renewed for a one-year term through April 7, 2013.

2%/25% Guidelines

Commencing with the quarter ended June 30, 2012, our advisor must reimburse us for the amounts, if any, by which our total REIT operating expenses paid during the previous four quarters then ended exceed the greater of:

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2% of our average invested assets for that period; or

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25% of our net income for that period;

provided, however, that only so much of the excess specified above will be required to be reimbursed as the board of directors, including a majority of the independent directors, determines should justifiably be reimbursed in light of any unanticipated, unusual or non-recurring factors. Within 60 days after the end of the quarter for which the excess occurred, the stockholders will be sent a written disclosure and explanation of the factors the independent directors considered in arriving at the conclusion that the higher total operating expenses were justified. Operating expenses are defined for this purpose as all expenses paid or incurred by us, as determined under GAAP, that are in any way related to our operation, including advisory fees, but excluding (i) the expenses of raising capital such as organization and offering expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and stock exchange listing of our stock; (ii) interest payments; (iii) taxes; (iv) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves; (v) reasonable incentive fees based on the gain from the sale of our assets; and (vi) acquisition fees and expenses (including expenses relating to potential investments that we do not close), disposition fees on the resale of property and other expenses connected with the acquisition, disposition and ownership of real estate interests, loans or other property (including the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair and improvement of property). For the year ended September 30, 2012, our operating expenses did not exceed the greater of 2% of our average invested assets or 25% of our income.

Selling Commissions and Fees Paid to our Dealer Manager

The dealer manager for our public offering of common stock is Independence Realty Securities, LLC, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of our sponsor. Our dealer manager is a licensed broker-dealer registered with FINRA. Our dealer manager is entitled to certain selling commissions, dealer manager fees and reimbursements relating to raising capital. Our dealer manager agreement with our dealer manager provides for the following compensation:

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We pay our dealer manager selling commissions of up to 7.0% of the gross proceeds from our public offering. Our dealer manager intends to reallow all or a portion of commissions earned for those transactions that involve participating broker-dealers. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, we paid $3 and $3 of commissions to our dealer manager, respectively.

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We pay our dealer manager a dealer manager fee of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from our public offering. Our dealer manager, in its sole discretion, may reallow a portion of its dealer manager fee of up to 1.5% of the gross offering proceeds to be paid to such participating broker-dealers. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, we paid $2 and $2 of dealer manager fees to our dealer manager, respectively.

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We may reimburse our dealer manager for its reasonable bona fide due diligence expenses and reimburse it for reimbursements it may make to broker-dealers for reasonable bona fide due diligence expenses which are included in a detailed and itemized invoice. Reimbursement of these amounts, combined with the reimbursement of all other organizational and offering costs, shall not exceed 15% of the gross proceeds raised in our public offering. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, our dealer manager incurred $0 of reimbursable due diligence expenses.

Property Management Fees Paid to Our Property Manager

We have entered into property management agreements with Jupiter Communities, LLC, or our property manager, which is majority owned by our sponsor, with respect to each of our properties. Pursuant to the property management agreements, we pay our property manager property management and leasing fees on a monthly basis of an amount up to 4.0% of the gross revenues from the property for each month. Additionally, we may pay our property manager a separate fee for the one-time initial rent-up or leasing-up of newly constructed properties in an amount not to exceed the fee customarily charged in arm’s length transactions by others rendering similar services in the same geographic area for similar properties as determined by a survey of brokers and agents in such area. Each management agreement has an initial one year term, subject to automatic one-year renewals unless either party gives prior notice of its desire to terminate the management agreement. For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012, we paid $159 and $476, respectively, of property management and leasing fees to our property manager.

NOTE 9: Subsequent Events

On October 11, 2012, our operating partnership established 400 limited partnership units designated as the Series B Preferred Units. The Series B Preferred Units rank junior to the Series A Preferred Units of the operating partnership and senior to the common units of the operating partnership with respect to distributions, liquidation and redemption rights. Holders of Series B Preferred Units are entitled to preferential cash distributions of 10% per annum of the $10,000 purchase price per unit. On October 11, 2012, the operating partnership issued and sold 350 Series B Preferred Units to RAIT NTR in exchange for $3,500 in cash.

On October 11, 2012, we, through a special purpose subsidiary of our operating partnership, acquired a fee simple interest in a 192-unit multifamily residential community located in Indianapolis, Indiana, known as Runaway Bay Apartments for a purchase price of $15,750, exclusive of closing costs. The purchase price was paid with a combination of a $10,238 first mortgage loan and $5,512 in cash. The mortgage bears interest at 3.59% per annum and has a maturity date of November 1, 2022. Runaway Bay Apartments is a 192 unit, garden style apartment community constructed in 2002 and consists of 15 two-story buildings and one clubhouse/leasing office on 18.6 acres. The apartments consist of a mix of one, two and three-bedroom units. Unit amenities include full-size washer and dryer connections, walk-in closets and private patios/balconies. Runaway Bay Apartments’ amenities include a resort-style swimming pool with a spa, 24-hour fitness facility, a clubhouse and a common area laundry facility.

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical facts (including any statements concerning investment objectives, other plans and objectives of management for future operations or economic performance, or assumptions or forecasts related thereto) are forward-looking statements. These statements are only predictions. We caution that forward-looking statements are not guarantees. Actual events or our investments and results of operations could differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by the use of terms such as “may,” “should,” “expect,” “could,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “continue,” “predict,” “potential” or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology.

The forward-looking statements included herein are based upon our current expectations, plans, estimates, assumptions and beliefs, which involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our actual results and performance could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects include, but are not limited to:

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the fact that we have a limited operating history;

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our ability to effectively raise and deploy the proceeds of our public offering of common stock;

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changes in economic conditions generally and the real estate market specifically;

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legislative or regulatory changes (including changes to the laws governing the taxation of REITs);

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the availability of capital;

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interest rates; and

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changes to generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP.

Any of the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements included herein could be inaccurate, and undue reliance should not be placed on any forward-looking statements included herein. All forward-looking statements are made as of the date this quarterly report is filed with the SEC, and the risk that actual results will differ materially from the expectations expressed herein will increase with the passage of time. Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements made herein, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason.

All forward-looking statements included herein should be read in light of the factors identified in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 9, 2012, as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.

Overview

We were formed on March 26, 2009 as a Maryland corporation and have elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for the taxable year ended December 31, 2011. We are externally managed by our advisor, Independence Realty Advisors, LLC, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of our sponsor, RAIT Financial Trust (NYSE: “RAS”). We own substantially all of our assets and conduct our operations through Independence Realty Operating Partnership, LP, or our operating partnership, of which we are the sole general partner. As used herein, the terms “we,” “our” and “us” refer to our company and, as required by context, our operating partnership and their subsidiaries.

We intend to invest in a diversified portfolio of multifamily properties located throughout the United States. We target primarily core and stabilized multifamily properties that are well leased and produce predictable income. To a lesser extent we seek to acquire properties that require limited capital expenditures, have existing cash flow and offer opportunities for enhanced returns, with a primary focus on multifamily properties and a lesser focus on other asset classes.

Our investment objectives are to:

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pay attractive and consistent cash distributions;

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preserve invested capital; and

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provide a diversified direct investment in multifamily properties.

On June 10, 2011, our Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-173391) for an offering of a minimum of 250,000 shares and a maximum of 100,000,000 shares of common stock for sale to the public at a price of $10.00 per share (subject to certain discounts) in the primary offering and $9.50 per share pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, which we refer to collectively as our offering, was initially declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. During the quarter ended March 31, 2012, we satisfied the minimum offering amount of our offering as a result of our sale of 300,000 shares of our common stock for $10.00 per share for total gross proceeds of $3,000,000 to RAIT NTR Holdings, LLC, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of our sponsor. During the quarter ending September 30, 2012 we sold an additional 5,000 shares of our common stock for $10.00 per share for total proceeds of $50,000 to unaffiliated third parties. We intend to invest the net proceeds of our ongoing public offering in a diversified portfolio of multifamily properties with strong and stable cash flows that have the potential to generate attractive distributions for our investors, with a primary focus on core and stabilized multifamily properties that are well leased and produce predictable income. Our offering will end no later than June 10, 2013 unless we elect to extend it to a date no later than June 10, 2014 in states that permit us to make this one-year extension.

Our Investment Portfolio

Our current investment portfolio is comprised entirely of multifamily properties. We generate a return on our real estate investments through rental income and other sources of income from the operations of the properties. By owning real estate, we also participate in any increase in the value of the real estate in addition to current income. We finance our real estate holdings through mortgage indebtedness.

The below table summarizes our investments in real estate, all of which are fee simple interests in multifamily properties as of September 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands, except average effective rent):


Property Name	State		Total Cost		Accumulated Depreciation		Carrying Amount		Encumbrances			Units		Average Occupancy			Average Effective Rent (1)
Crestmont Apartments		GA	$	16,429	$	1,690	$	14,739	$	(6,750	)		228		89.04	%	$	712
Cumberland Glen Apartments		GA		16,407		1,718		14,689		(6,900	)		222		88.74			673
Copper Mill Apartments		TX		17,625		1,830		15,795		(7,350	)		320		97.19			715
Heritage Trace Apartments		VA		13,640		1,412		12,228		(5,500	)		200		89.00			757
Belle Creek Apartments		CO		9,716		839		8,877		(10,575	)		162		96.91			879
Tresa at Arrowhead		AZ		35,778		2,484		33,294		(27,500	)		360		92.22			784
Centrepoint Apartments		AZ		28,414		1,513		26,901		(17,600	)		320		93.44			795

Total			$	138,009	$	11,486	$	126,523	$	(82,175	)		1,812		92.36	%	$	759

(1)	Average effective rent is rent per unit per month for the three months ended September 30, 2012.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Funds from Operations and Modified Funds from Operations

Due to certain unique operating characteristics of real estate companies, as discussed below, the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, an industry trade group, has promulgated a measure known as funds from operations, or FFO, which we believe to be an appropriate supplemental measure to reflect the operating performance of a real estate investment trust, or REIT. The use of FFO is recommended by the REIT industry as a supplemental performance measure. FFO is not equivalent to our net income (loss) as determined under GAAP.

We define FFO, a non-GAAP financial measure, consistent with the standards established by the White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of NAREIT, as revised in February 2004, or the White Paper. The White Paper defines FFO as net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains or losses from sales of property and non-cash impairment charges of real estate related investments, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. In particular, we believe it is appropriate to disregard impairment charges, as this is a fair value adjustment that is largely based on market fluctuations and assessments regarding general market conditions which can change over time. An asset will only be evaluated for impairment if certain impairment indications exist and if the carrying, or book value, exceeds the total estimated undiscounted future cash flows (including net rental and lease revenues, net proceeds on the sale of the property, and any other ancillary cash flows at a property or group level under GAAP) from such asset. Investors should note, however, that determinations of whether impairment charges have been incurred are based partly on anticipated operating performance, because estimated

undiscounted future cash flows from a property, including estimated future net rental and lease revenues, net proceeds on the sale of the property, and certain other ancillary cash flows, are taken into account in determining whether an impairment charge has been incurred. While impairment charges are excluded from the calculation of FFO as described above, investors are cautioned that due to the fact that impairments are based on estimated future undiscounted cash flows and the relatively limited term of our operations, it could be difficult to recover any impairment charges. Our FFO calculation complies with NAREIT’s policy described above.

The historical accounting convention used for real estate assets requires straight-line depreciation of buildings and improvements, which implies that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time, especially if such assets are not adequately maintained or repaired and renovated as required by relevant circumstances and/or as requested or required by lessees for operational purposes in order to maintain the value disclosed. We believe that since real estate values historically rise and fall with market conditions, including inflation, interest rates, the business cycle, unemployment and consumer spending, presentations of operating results for a REIT using historical accounting for depreciation may be less informative. Historical accounting for real estate involves the use of GAAP. Any other method of accounting for real estate such as the fair value method cannot be construed to be any more accurate or relevant than the comparable methodologies of real estate valuation found in GAAP. Nevertheless, we believe that the use of FFO, which excludes the impact of real estate related depreciation and amortization, provides a more complete understanding of our performance to investors and to management, and when compared year over year, reflects the impact on our operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, general and administrative expenses, and interest costs, which may not be immediately apparent from net income. However, FFO, and modified FFO, or MFFO, as described below, should not be construed to be more relevant or accurate than the current GAAP methodology in calculating net income or in its applicability in evaluating our operating performance. The method used to evaluate the value and performance of real estate under GAAP should be construed as a more relevant measure of operational performance and considered more prominently than the non-GAAP FFO and MFFO measures and the adjustments to GAAP in calculating FFO and MFFO.

Changes in the accounting and reporting promulgations under GAAP (for acquisition fees and expenses from a capitalization/depreciation model to an expensed-as-incurred model) that were put into effect in 2009 and other changes to GAAP accounting for real estate subsequent to the establishment of NAREIT’s definition of FFO have prompted an increase in cash-settled expenses, specifically acquisition fees and expenses for all industries as items that are expensed under GAAP, that are typically accounted for as operating expenses. Under our advisory agreement with our advisor, we will not pay any acquisition fees to our advisor in connection with our purchase of properties and we will reimburse our advisor for acquisition expenses only to the extent that acquisition fees and acquisition expenses collectively do not exceed 6% of the contract price of our assets. We may have to pay acquisition fees to unaffiliated parties in connection with our purchase of properties and we expect to incur acquisition expenses. Management believes these fees and expenses do not affect our overall long-term operating performance. Publicly registered, non-listed REITs typically have a significant amount of acquisition activity and are substantially more dynamic during their initial years of investment and operation. While other start-up entities may also experience significant acquisition activity during their initial years, we believe that public, non-listed REITs, like us, are unique in that they have a limited life with targeted exit strategies within a relatively limited time frame after acquisition activity ceases. Our board of directors has the discretion to consider a liquidity transaction at any time if it determines such event to be in our best interests. However, our board of directors presently intends to consider alternatives for providing liquidity to our stockholders beginning five to seven years from the completion of our offering stage (including follow-on offerings) during which we will attempt to raise additional capital through the sale of our shares. Any liquidity event will depend on market conditions and may take any one of several forms, including a listing of our stock on a national securities exchange, a merger of our company, a sale of our entire portfolio or the sale of our individual assets. Thus, we will not continuously purchase assets and will have a limited life.

Due to the above factors and other unique features of publicly registered, non-listed REITs, the Investment Program Association, or IPA, an industry trade group, has standardized a measure known as MFFO, which the IPA has recommended as a supplemental measure for publicly registered non-listed REITs and which we believe to be another appropriate supplemental measure to reflect the operating performance of a public, non-listed REIT having the characteristics described above. MFFO is not equivalent to our net income or loss as determined under GAAP, and MFFO may not be a useful measure of the impact of long-term operating performance on value if we do not continue to operate with a limited life and targeted exit strategy, as currently intended. We believe that, because MFFO excludes costs that we consider more reflective of investing activities and other non-operating items included in FFO and also excludes acquisition fees and expenses that affect our operations only in periods in which properties are acquired, MFFO can provide, on a going forward basis, an indication of the sustainability (that is, the capacity to continue to be maintained) of our operating performance after the period in which we are acquiring our properties and once our portfolio is in place. By providing MFFO, we believe we are presenting useful information that assists investors and analysts to better assess the sustainability of our operating performance after our offering has been completed and our properties have been acquired. We also believe that MFFO is a recognized measure of sustainable operating performance by the non-listed REIT industry. Further, we believe MFFO is useful in comparing the sustainability of our operating performance after our offering and acquisitions are completed with the sustainability of the operating performance of other real estate companies that are not as involved in acquisition activities. Investors are cautioned that MFFO should only be used to assess the sustainability of our operating performance after our offering has been completed and properties have been acquired, as it excludes acquisition costs that have a negative effect on our operating performance during the periods in which properties are acquired.

We define MFFO, a non-GAAP financial measure, consistent with the IPA’s Guideline 2010-01, Supplemental Performance Measure for Publicly Registered, Non-Listed REITs: Modified Funds from Operations, or the Practice Guideline, issued by the IPA in November 2010. The Practice Guideline defines MFFO as FFO further adjusted for the following items, as applicable, included in the determination of GAAP net income: acquisition fees and expenses; amounts relating to deferred rent receivables and amortization of above and below market leases and liabilities (which are adjusted in order to reflect such payments from a GAAP accrual basis to a cash basis of disclosing the rent and lease payments); accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt investments; mark-to-market adjustments included in net income; nonrecurring gains or losses included in net income from the extinguishment or sale of debt, hedges, foreign exchange, derivatives or securities holdings where trading of such holdings is not a fundamental attribute of the business plan, unrealized gains or losses resulting from consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting, and after adjustments for consolidated and unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures, with such adjustments calculated to reflect MFFO on the same basis. The accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt investments, nonrecurring unrealized gains and losses on hedges, foreign exchange, derivatives or securities holdings, unrealized gains and losses resulting from consolidations, as well as other listed cash flow adjustments are adjustments made to net income in calculating the cash flows provided by operating activities and, in some cases, reflect gains or losses which are unrealized and may not ultimately be realized. While we rely on our advisor for managing interest rate, hedge and foreign exchange risk, we do not retain an outside consultant to review all our hedging agreements. Inasmuch as interest rate hedges are not a fundamental part of our operations, we believe it is appropriate to exclude such non-recurring gains and losses in calculating MFFO, as such gains and losses are not reflective of on-going operations.

Our MFFO calculation complies with the IPA’s Practice Guideline described above. In calculating MFFO, we exclude acquisition related expenses, amortization of above and below market leases, fair value adjustments of derivative financial instruments, deferred rent receivables and the adjustments of such items related to noncontrolling interests. Under GAAP, acquisition fees and expenses are characterized as operating expenses in determining operating net income. These expenses are paid in cash by us. All paid and accrued acquisition fees and expenses will have negative effects on returns to investors, the potential for future distributions, and cash flows generated by us, unless earnings from operations or net sales proceeds from the disposition of other properties are generated to cover the purchase price of the property, these fees and expenses and other costs related to such property. In the event that proceeds from our initial public offering are not available to fund our reimbursement of acquisition fees and expenses incurred by our advisor, such fees and expenses will need to be reimbursed to our advisor from other sources, including debt, operational earnings or cash flow, net proceeds from the sale of properties, or from ancillary cash flows. The acquisition of properties, and the corresponding acquisition fees and expenses, is the key operational feature of our business plan to generate operational income and cash flow to fund distributions to our stockholders. Further, under GAAP, certain contemplated non-cash fair value and other non-cash adjustments are considered operating non-cash adjustments to net income in determining cash flow from operating activities. In addition, we view fair value adjustments of derivatives and gains and losses from dispositions of assets as non-recurring items or items which are unrealized and may not ultimately be realized, and which are not reflective of on-going operations and are therefore typically adjusted for when assessing operating performance.

Our management uses MFFO and the adjustments used to calculate MFFO in order to evaluate our performance against other public, non-listed REITs which have limited lives with short and defined acquisition periods and targeted exit strategies shortly thereafter. As noted above, MFFO may not be a useful measure of the impact of long-term operating performance on value if we do not continue to operate in this manner. We believe that our use of MFFO and the adjustments used to calculate MFFO allow us to present our performance in a manner that reflects certain characteristics that are unique to public, non-listed REITs, such as their limited life, limited and defined acquisition period and targeted exit strategy, and hence that the use of such measures is useful to investors. By excluding expensed acquisition costs, the use of MFFO provides information consistent with management’s analysis of the operating performance of the properties. Additionally, fair value adjustments, which are based on the impact of current market fluctuations and underlying assessments of general market conditions, but can also result from operational factors such as rental and occupancy rates, may not be directly related or attributable to our current operating performance. By excluding such changes that may reflect anticipated and unrealized gains or losses, we believe MFFO provides useful supplemental information.

Presentation of this information is intended to provide useful information to investors as they compare the operating performance to that of other public, non-listed REITs, although it should be noted that not all public, non-listed REITs calculate FFO and MFFO the same way, so comparisons with other public, non-listed REITs may not be meaningful. Furthermore, FFO and MFFO are not necessarily indicative of cash flow available to fund cash needs and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) or income (loss) from continuing operations as an indication of our performance, as an alternative to cash flows from operations as an indication of our liquidity, or indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. FFO and MFFO should be reviewed in conjunction with GAAP measurements as an indication of our performance. MFFO has limitations as a performance measure in an offering such as ours where the price of a share of common stock is a stated value and there is no regular net asset value determination during the offering stage and for a period thereafter. MFFO is useful in assisting management and investors in assessing the sustainability of operating performance in future operating periods, and in particular, after the offering and acquisition stages are complete and net asset value is disclosed. MFFO is not a useful measure in evaluating net asset value because impairments are taken into account in determining net asset value but not in determining MFFO.

Neither the SEC, NAREIT nor any other regulatory body has passed judgment on the acceptability of the adjustments that we use to calculate FFO or MFFO. In the future, the SEC, NAREIT or another regulatory body may decide to standardize the allowable adjustments across the non-listed REIT industry and in response to such standardization we may have to adjust our calculation and characterization of FFO or MFFO accordingly.

Set forth below is a reconciliation net income (loss) to FFO and MFFO for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands, except share information):


	For the Three-Month Period Ended September 30, 2012					For the Three-Month Period Ended September 30, 2011
	Amount			Per Share		Amount			Per Share
Funds From Operations:
Net income (loss)	$	(14	)	$	0.00	$	(65	)	$	(0.02	)
Adjustments:
Income allocated to preferred shares		(4	)		0.00		—			—
Real estate depreciation and amortization		840			0.15		630			0.16

Funds From Operations	$	822		$	0.15	$	565		$	0.14

Weighted-average shares—diluted (a)		5,599,259			5,599,259		4,066,700			4,066,700

Modified Funds From Operations:
Funds From Operations	$	822		$	0.15	$	565		$	0.14
Adjustments:
Acquisition fees and expenses (b)		52			0.01		58			0.01

Modified Funds From Operations	$	874		$	0.16	$	623		$	0.15

Weighted-average shares—diluted (a)		5,599,259			5,599,259		4,066,700			4,066,700

(a)	Weighted-average shares—diluted includes 4,046,700 and 5,274,900 limited partnership units that are convertible into common stock as of September 30, 2011 and 2012, respectively.

(b)

In evaluating investments in real estate, management differentiates the costs to acquire the investment from the operations derived from the investment. Such information would be comparable only for non-listed REITs that have completed their acquisition activity and have other similar operating characteristics. By excluding expensed acquisition costs, management believes MFFO provides useful supplemental information that is comparable for each type of real estate investment and is consistent with management’s analysis of the investing and operating performance of our properties. As discussed above, we will not pay any acquisition fees to our advisor in connection with our purchase of properties and we will reimburse our advisor for acquisition expenses only to a limited extent. As a result, acquisition fees relate to payments to third parties and acquisition expenses include payments to our advisor or third parties. Acquisition fees and expenses under GAAP are considered operating expenses and as expenses included in the determination of net income and income from continuing operations, both of which are performance measures under GAAP. All paid and accrued acquisition fees and expenses will have negative effects on returns to investors, the potential for future distributions, and cash flows generated by us, unless earnings from operations or net sales proceeds from the disposition of properties are generated to cover the purchase price of the property, these fees and expenses and other costs related to the property. In the event that proceeds from our initial public offering are not available to fund our reimbursement of acquisition fees and expenses incurred by our advisor, such fees and expenses will need to be reimbursed to the advisor from other sources, including debt, operational earnings or cash flow, net proceeds from the sale of properties, or from ancillary cash flows. The acquisition of properties, and the corresponding acquisition fees and expenses, is the key operational feature of our business plan to generate operational income and cash flow to fund distributions to its stockholders.


	For the Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2012					For the Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2011
	Amount			Per Share		Amount			Per Share
Funds From Operations:
Net income (loss)	$	378		$	0.07	$	(317	)	$	(0.14	)
Adjustments:
Income allocated to preferred shares		(12	)		0.00		—			—
Real estate depreciation and amortization		2,471			0.45		1,083			0.47

Funds From Operations	$	2,837		$	0.52	$	766		$	0.33

Weighted-average shares—diluted (a)		5,531,783			5,531,765		2,317,663			2,317,663

Modified Funds From Operations:
Funds From Operations	$	2,837		$	0.52	$	766		$	0.33
Adjustments:
Acquisition fees and expenses (b)		92			0.02		404			0.17

Modified Funds From Operations	$	2,929		$	0.54	$	1,170		$	0.50

Weighted-average shares—diluted (a)		5,531,783			5,531,765		2,317,633			2,317,663

(a)	Weighted-average shares—diluted includes 4,046,700 and 5,274,900 limited partnership units that are convertible into common stock as of September 30, 2011 and 2012, respectively.

(b)

Results of Operations

Three-Month Period Ended September 30, 2012 Compared to the Three-Month Period Ended September 30, 2011

Total revenue increased $0.8 million to $4.0 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2012 from $3.2 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2011. The increase is attributable to revenue from a property we acquired in December 2011 that we did not own during the three-months ended September 30, 2011.

Expenses increased $0.5 million to $3.2 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2012 from $2.7 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2011. Expenses were comprised primarily of property operating expenses which increased $0.4 million to $2.1 million from $1.7 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2011 and depreciation and amortization which increased $0.2 million to $0.8 million from $0.6 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2011. The increases are attributable to a property we acquired in December 2011 that we did not own during the three-months ended September 30, 2011. We incurred certain general and administrative expenses related to audit and other professional fees, trustee fees and other federal and state filing fees during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

Interest expense increased $0.2 million to $0.8 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2012 from $0.6 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2011. The increase is attributable to the mortgage indebtedness used to finance the acquisition of a property in December 2011 that we did not own during the three-months ended September 30, 2011.

Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2012 Compared to the Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2011

Total revenue increased $6.7 million to $12.1 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2012 from $5.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2011. The increase is attributable to $2.3 million of revenue from a property we acquired in December 2011 that we did not own during the nine-months ended September 30, 2011 and $4.4 million from six properties that we did not own for the entire nine-months ended September 30, 2011.

Expenses increased $4.6 million to $9.3 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2012 from $4.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2011. Expenses were comprised primarily of property operating expenses which increased $3.1 million to $5.9 million from $2.8 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2011 and depreciation and amortization which increased $1.4 million to $2.5 million from $1.1 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2011. The increases are attributable to a property we acquired in December 2011 that we did not own during the nine-months ended September 30, 2011 and from six properties that we did not own for the entire nine-months ended September 30, 2011. We incurred certain general and administrative expenses related to audit and other professional fees, trustee fees and other federal and state filing fees during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, of $0.9 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

Interest expense increased $1.3 million to $2.4 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2012 from $1.1 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2011. The increase is attributable to the mortgage indebtedness used to finance the acquisition of a property in December 2011 that we did not own during the nine-months ended September 30, 2011 and from the mortgage indebtedness used to finance the acquisition of six properties that we did not own for the entire nine-months ended September 30, 2011.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain investments, pay distributions and other general business needs.

We believe our available cash balances, other financing arrangements and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to fund our liquidity requirements with respect to our existing portfolio for the next 12 months. We expect to raise capital in our offering, increase our borrowings and make future acquisitions, which would have a significant impact on our future results of operations. In general, we expect that our income and expenses related to our portfolio will increase in future periods as a result of anticipated future acquisitions of real estate. Should our liquidity needs exceed our available sources of liquidity, we believe that we could sell assets to raise additional cash. We may not be able to obtain additional financing when we desire to do so or on terms and conditions acceptable to us. If we fail to obtain additional financing, our ability to maintain or grow our business will be constrained.

Our primary cash requirements are to:

•

make investments and fund the associated costs;

•

repay our indebtedness;

•

pay our operating and organization and offering expenses, including fees paid to our advisor and Jupiter Communities, LLC, our property manager;

•

fund repurchases of shares pursuant to our share repurchase program; and

•

distribute a minimum of 90% of our REIT taxable income and to make investments in a manner that enables us to maintain our qualification as a REIT.

We intend to meet these liquidity requirements primarily through:

•

the use of our cash and cash equivalent balance of $3.6 million as of September 30, 2012;

•

cash generated from operating activities;

•

proceeds from the sale of our common stock pursuant to our offering and our distribution reinvestment plan; and

•

proceeds from future borrowings.

Our offering will end no later than June 10, 2013, unless we elect to extend it to a date no later than June 10, 2014 in the states that permit us to make this one-year extension. If we extend the offering for another year and file another registration statement during the one-year extension in order to sell additional shares, we could continue to sell shares in our offering until the earlier of 180 days after the third anniversary of the commencement of our offering or the effective date of the subsequent registration statement. Nothing in our organizational documents prohibits us from engaging in additional subsequent public or private offerings of our stock. Although we could continue public offerings indefinitely, and although we have not set a date or an aggregate amount of offering

proceeds beyond which we must stop offering shares, we do not expect to continue offering shares beyond June 10, 2014.

Cash Flows

As of September 30, 2012 and 2011, we maintained cash and cash equivalents of approximately $3.6 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Our cash and cash equivalents were generated from the following activities (dollars in thousands):


	For the Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30
	2012			2011
Cash flow from operating activities	$	2,841		$	1,451
Cash flow from investing activities		(992	)		(1,023	)
Cash flow from financing activities		662			573

Net change in cash and cash equivalents		2,511			1,001
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		1,107			209

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	3,618		$	1,210

Our increased cash inflow from operating activities during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2012 is attributable to the acquisition of a property in December 2011 that was not present during the nine-months ended September 30, 2011 and from six properties acquired during the nine-months ended September 30, 2011 present for three full quarters of operations during the nine-months ended September 30, 2012.

The cash inflow from our financing activities during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2012 is substantially due to the issuance of 300,000 shares of our common stock for $3.0 million and cash distributions paid to non-controlling interests of $2.4 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 contains a discussion of our critical accounting policies. Management discusses our critical accounting policies and management’s judgments and estimates with our Audit Committee.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standard classified under FASB ASC Topic 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment.” This accounting standard amends existing guidance to resolve the diversity in practice about whether the guidance for real estate sales applies to a parent that ceases to have a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary that is in substance real estate as a result of default on the subsidiary’s nonrecourse debt. This accounting standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods with those years, beginning on or after June 15, 2012. Management does not expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Item 3.

Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosure About Market Risk.

There have been no material changes in quantitative and qualitative market risks during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 from the disclosures included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. Reference is made to Item 7A included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act). Based upon, and as of the date of, the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by us in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings.

None.

Item 1A.

Risk Factors.

There have not been any material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A—“Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

During the three months ended September 30, 2012, our company did not repurchase any of our securities or issue any equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

From the effective date of our registration statement through September 30, 2012, we incurred actual selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and other offering costs in our offering in the amounts set forth below. The dealer manager reallowed all of the selling commissions and a portion of the dealer manager fee to participating broker-dealers.


Type of Expense	Amount		Percentage of Offering Proceeds
Selling commissions	$	3,500		0.00	%
Dealer manager fees		1,500		0.00	%
Other organization and other offering costs		30,500		0.01	%

Total expenses related to the offering	$	35,500		0.01	%

From the commencement of the offering through September 30,2012, the net offering proceeds to us, after deducting the total expenses related to the offering as described above, were $3,014,500. We have issued 23 shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan through September 30, 2012.

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.

Item 5.

Other Information.

None.

Item 6.

Exhibits.

The exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index (following the signatures section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q) are included herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	Independence Realty Trust, Inc.

Date: November 9, 2012	By:	/S/ JACK E. SALMON
		Jack E. Salmon
		Chief Executive Officer and President
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 9, 2012	By:	/S/ JAMES J. SEBRA
		James J. Sebra
		Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
		(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

EXHIBIT INDEX


Exhibit		Description

3.1		Fifth Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Company, dated as of February 29, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.

3.2		First Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed on April 8, 2011, Commission File No. 333-173391.

4.1		Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Independence Realty Operating Partnership, LP, dated as of January 4, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed on March 16, 2012, Commission File No. 333-173391 (“Post-Effective Amendment No. 3”).

4.2		Distribution Reinvestment Plan, incorporated by reference to Appendix B to the prospectus contained within Post-Effective Amendment No. 3.

4.3		Form of Subscription Agreement, incorporated by reference to Appendix C to the prospectus contained within Post-Effective Amendment No. 3.

4.4		First Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Independence Realty Operating Partnership, LP, dated October 11, 2012, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2012.

10.1		Multifamily Loan and Security Agreement effective as of October 11, 2012 between IRT Runaway Bay Apartments, LLC and Walker & Dunlop, LLC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2012.

10.2		Guaranty of Non-Recourse Obligations dated as of October 11, 2012 by Independence Realty Operating Partnership, LP, as guarantor, to and for the benefit of Walker & Dunlop, LLC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2012.

31.1		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101		XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language). The following materials, formatted in XBRL: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30,2012 and September 30, 2011, and (v) notes to the consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2012. As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for purpose of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Large Accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-Accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company