Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008
OR
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission
File Number: 001-13958
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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13-3317783
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
One Hartford Plaza, Hartford, Connecticut 06155
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(860) 547-5000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of
large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer þ
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Accelerated filer o
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Non-accelerated filer o
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Smaller reporting company o |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No þ
As of July 18, 2008, there were outstanding 301,294,177 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par
value per share, of the registrant.
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc.
Hartford, Connecticut
We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of The Hartford Financial
Services Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of June 30, 2008, and the related
condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the three-month
and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, and changes in stockholders equity, and cash
flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. These interim financial statements
are the responsibility of the Companys management.
We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of
applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and
accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with
the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of
which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole.
Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to such
condensed consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31,
2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders equity,
comprehensive income, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our
report dated February 20, 2008 (which report includes an explanatory paragraph relating to the
Companys change in its method of accounting and reporting for defined benefit pension and other
postretirement plans in 2006), we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial
statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated
balance sheet as of December 31, 2007 is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to
the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Hartford, Connecticut
July 24, 2008
3
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
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Three Months Ended |
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Six Months Ended |
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June 30, |
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June 30, |
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(In millions, except for per share data) |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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(Unaudited) |
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(Unaudited) |
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Revenues |
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Earned premiums |
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$ |
3,891 |
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$ |
3,867 |
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$ |
7,734 |
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$ |
7,698 |
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Fee income |
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1,386 |
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1,346 |
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2,723 |
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2,628 |
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Net investment income (loss) |
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Securities available-for-sale and other |
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1,230 |
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1,336 |
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2,423 |
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2,609 |
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Equity securities held for trading |
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1,153 |
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1,234 |
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(2,425 |
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1,444 |
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Total net investment income (loss) |
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2,383 |
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2,570 |
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(2 |
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4,053 |
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Other revenues |
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125 |
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125 |
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245 |
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242 |
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Net realized capital losses |
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(282 |
) |
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(248 |
) |
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(1,653 |
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(202 |
) |
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Total revenues |
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7,503 |
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7,660 |
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9,047 |
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14,419 |
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Benefits, losses and expenses |
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Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
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3,586 |
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3,544 |
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6,943 |
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6,877 |
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Benefits, losses and loss adjustment
expenses returns credited on International
variable annuities |
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1,153 |
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1,234 |
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(2,425 |
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1,444 |
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Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs and present value of future profits |
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806 |
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837 |
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1,274 |
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1,709 |
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Insurance operating costs and expenses |
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1,047 |
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965 |
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1,997 |
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1,853 |
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Interest expense |
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77 |
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66 |
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144 |
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129 |
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Other expenses |
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182 |
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177 |
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371 |
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358 |
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Total benefits, losses and expenses |
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6,851 |
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6,823 |
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8,304 |
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12,370 |
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Income before income taxes |
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652 |
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837 |
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743 |
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2,049 |
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Income tax expense |
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109 |
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210 |
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55 |
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546 |
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Net income |
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$ |
543 |
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$ |
627 |
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$ |
688 |
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$ |
1,503 |
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Earnings per share |
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Basic |
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$ |
1.74 |
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$ |
1.98 |
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$ |
2.20 |
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$ |
4.72 |
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Diluted |
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$ |
1.73 |
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$ |
1.96 |
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$ |
2.19 |
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$ |
4.68 |
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Weighted average common shares outstanding |
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311.7 |
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316.8 |
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312.7 |
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318.2 |
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Weighted average common shares outstanding
and dilutive potential common shares |
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313.1 |
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319.6 |
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314.4 |
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321.2 |
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Cash dividends declared per share |
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$ |
0.53 |
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$ |
0.50 |
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$ |
1.06 |
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$ |
1.00 |
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See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
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June 30, |
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December 31, |
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(In millions, except for per share data) |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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(Unaudited) |
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Assets |
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Investments |
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Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $79,097 and $80,724) |
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$ |
75,068 |
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$ |
80,055 |
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Equity securities, held for trading, at fair value (cost of $33,646 and $30,489) |
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36,853 |
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36,182 |
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Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (cost of $2,890 and $2,611) |
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2,619 |
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2,595 |
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Policy loans, at outstanding balance |
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2,146 |
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2,061 |
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Mortgage loans on real estate |
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5,882 |
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5,410 |
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Other investments |
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3,798 |
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3,181 |
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Short-term investments |
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5,127 |
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1,602 |
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Total investments |
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131,493 |
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131,086 |
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Cash |
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2,084 |
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2,011 |
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Premiums receivable and agents balances |
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3,625 |
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3,681 |
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Reinsurance recoverables |
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5,148 |
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5,150 |
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Deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits |
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12,952 |
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11,742 |
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Deferred income taxes |
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1,259 |
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308 |
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Goodwill |
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1,788 |
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1,726 |
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Property and equipment, net |
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1,022 |
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|
972 |
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Other assets |
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3,628 |
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3,739 |
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Separate account assets |
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170,841 |
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199,946 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
333,840 |
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$ |
360,361 |
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Liabilities |
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Reserve for future policy benefits and unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
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Property and casualty |
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$ |
22,315 |
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$ |
22,153 |
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Life |
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15,772 |
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15,331 |
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Other policyholder funds and benefits payable |
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46,563 |
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44,190 |
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Other policyholder funds and benefits payable International variable annuities |
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36,822 |
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36,152 |
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Unearned premiums |
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5,530 |
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5,545 |
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Short-term debt |
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1,353 |
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1,365 |
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Long-term debt |
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4,618 |
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3,142 |
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Consumer notes |
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1,113 |
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|
809 |
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Other liabilities |
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12,089 |
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|
12,524 |
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Separate account liabilities |
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170,841 |
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199,946 |
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Total liabilities |
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317,016 |
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341,157 |
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Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8) |
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Stockholders Equity |
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Common stock, $0.01 par value 750,000,000 shares authorized,
329,938,043 and 329,951,138 shares issued |
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3 |
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3 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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6,591 |
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6,627 |
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Retained earnings |
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15,039 |
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14,686 |
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Treasury stock, at cost 26,795,003 and 16,108,895 shares |
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(2,029 |
) |
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(1,254 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
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(2,780 |
) |
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(858 |
) |
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Total stockholders equity |
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16,824 |
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19,204 |
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Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
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$ |
333,840 |
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$ |
360,361 |
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See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity
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Six Months Ended |
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June 30, |
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(In millions, except for share data) |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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(Unaudited) |
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Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital |
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Balance at beginning of period |
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$ |
6,630 |
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$ |
6,324 |
|
Issuance of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans |
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(43 |
) |
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|
180 |
|
Tax benefit on employee stock options and awards |
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7 |
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|
40 |
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Balance at end of period |
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6,594 |
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|
6,544 |
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Retained Earnings |
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Balance at beginning of period, before cumulative effect of accounting
changes, net of tax |
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14,686 |
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|
12,421 |
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Cumulative effect of accounting changes, net of tax |
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(3 |
) |
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|
(41 |
) |
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Balance at beginning of period, as adjusted |
|
|
14,683 |
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|
12,380 |
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Net income |
|
|
688 |
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|
1,503 |
|
Dividends declared on common stock |
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|
(332 |
) |
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|
(319 |
) |
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Balance at end of period |
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|
15,039 |
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|
13,564 |
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Treasury Stock, at Cost |
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Balance at beginning of period |
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|
(1,254 |
) |
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|
(47 |
) |
Treasury stock acquired |
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|
(871 |
) |
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|
(800 |
) |
Issuance of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans from treasury
stock |
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|
113 |
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Return of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans to treasury stock |
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(17 |
) |
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|
(12 |
) |
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Balance at end of period |
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|
(2,029 |
) |
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|
(859 |
) |
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax |
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|
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Balance at beginning of period |
|
|
(858 |
) |
|
|
178 |
|
Total other comprehensive loss |
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|
(1,922 |
) |
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|
(779 |
) |
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|
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Balance at end of period |
|
|
(2,780 |
) |
|
|
(601 |
) |
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Total stockholders equity |
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$ |
16,824 |
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|
$ |
18,648 |
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Outstanding Shares (in thousands) |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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Balance at beginning of period |
|
|
313,842 |
|
|
|
323,315 |
|
Treasury stock acquired |
|
|
(11,675 |
) |
|
|
(8,439 |
) |
Issuance of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans |
|
|
1,220 |
|
|
|
2,831 |
|
Return of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans to treasury stock |
|
|
(244 |
) |
|
|
(130 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of period |
|
|
303,143 |
|
|
|
317,577 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
(In millions) |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
(Unaudited) |
|
|
(Unaudited) |
|
Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
543 |
|
|
$ |
627 |
|
|
$ |
688 |
|
|
$ |
1,503 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in net unrealized gain/loss on securities |
|
|
(420 |
) |
|
|
(700 |
) |
|
|
(2,026 |
) |
|
|
(746 |
) |
Change in net gain/loss on cash-flow hedging instruments |
|
|
(76 |
) |
|
|
(95 |
) |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
(68 |
) |
Change in foreign currency translation adjustments |
|
|
(68 |
) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
Amortization of prior service cost and actuarial net
losses included in net periodic benefit costs |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other comprehensive loss |
|
|
(555 |
) |
|
|
(778 |
) |
|
|
(1,922 |
) |
|
|
(779 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive income (loss) |
|
$ |
(12 |
) |
|
$ |
(151 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,234 |
) |
|
$ |
724 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
(In millions) |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
(Unaudited) |
|
Operating Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
688 |
|
|
$ |
1,503 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits |
|
|
1,274 |
|
|
|
1,709 |
|
Additions to deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits |
|
|
(1,903 |
) |
|
|
(2,117 |
) |
Change in: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reserve for future policy benefits and unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses and unearned
premiums |
|
|
576 |
|
|
|
677 |
|
Reinsurance recoverables |
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
425 |
|
Receivables and other assets |
|
|
399 |
|
|
|
(408 |
) |
Payables and accruals |
|
|
(690 |
) |
|
|
465 |
|
Accrued and deferred income taxes |
|
|
(68 |
) |
|
|
285 |
|
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
1,653 |
|
|
|
202 |
|
Net receipts (to) from investment contracts related to policyholder funds
International variable annuities |
|
|
(1,290 |
) |
|
|
3,790 |
|
Net (increase) decrease in equity securities, held for trading |
|
|
1,235 |
|
|
|
(3,532 |
) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
476 |
|
|
|
282 |
|
Other, net |
|
|
(167 |
) |
|
|
(334 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
2,261 |
|
|
|
2,947 |
|
Investing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from the sale/maturity/prepayment of: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale |
|
|
12,595 |
|
|
|
18,897 |
|
Equity securities, available-for-sale |
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
381 |
|
Mortgage loans |
|
|
214 |
|
|
|
913 |
|
Partnerships |
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
178 |
|
Payments for the purchase of: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale |
|
|
(14,455 |
) |
|
|
(21,022 |
) |
Equity securities, available-for-sale |
|
|
(496 |
) |
|
|
(651 |
) |
Mortgage loans |
|
|
(686 |
) |
|
|
(2,485 |
) |
Partnerships |
|
|
(402 |
) |
|
|
(653 |
) |
Purchase price of businesses acquired |
|
|
(94 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Change in policy loans, net |
|
|
(85 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Change in payables for collateral under securities lending, net |
|
|
(199 |
) |
|
|
1,729 |
|
Change in all other securities, net |
|
|
(775 |
) |
|
|
(355 |
) |
Additions to property and equipment, net |
|
|
(185 |
) |
|
|
(90 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used for investing activities |
|
|
(4,317 |
) |
|
|
(3,158 |
) |
Financing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deposits and
other additions to investment and universal life-type contracts |
|
|
11,345 |
|
|
|
16,618 |
|
Withdrawals and other deductions from investment and universal life-type contracts |
|
|
(13,694 |
) |
|
|
(15,101 |
) |
Net transfers from (to) separate accounts related to investment and universal life-type contracts |
|
|
3,725 |
|
|
|
(683 |
) |
Issuance of long-term debt |
|
|
1,487 |
|
|
|
495 |
|
Payments on capital lease obligations |
|
|
(37 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Change in short-term debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(200 |
) |
Proceeds from issuance of consumer notes |
|
|
304 |
|
|
|
330 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans |
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
Excess tax benefits on stock-based compensation |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
Treasury stock acquired |
|
|
(811 |
) |
|
|
(800 |
) |
Return of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans to treasury stock |
|
|
(17 |
) |
|
|
(12 |
) |
Dividends paid |
|
|
(336 |
) |
|
|
(323 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
2,002 |
|
|
|
482 |
|
Foreign exchange rate effect on cash |
|
|
127 |
|
|
|
(71 |
) |
Net increase in cash |
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
200 |
|
Cash beginning of period |
|
|
2,011 |
|
|
|
1,424 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash end of period |
|
$ |
2,084 |
|
|
$ |
1,624 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Cash Paid During the Period For: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income taxes |
|
$ |
65 |
|
|
$ |
277 |
|
Interest |
|
$ |
128 |
|
|
$ |
120 |
|
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in millions, except for per share data, unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. is a financial holding company for a group of
subsidiaries that provide investment products and life and property and casualty insurance to both
individual and business customers in the United States and internationally (collectively, The
Hartford or the Company).
The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), which differ
materially from the accounting practices prescribed by various insurance regulatory authorities.
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and notes as of June 30, 2008, and for
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are unaudited. These financial statements
reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal accruals) which are, in the opinion of
management, necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations,
and cash flows for the interim periods. These condensed consolidated financial statements and
notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto
included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report. The results of operations for the interim
periods should not be considered indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The Hartford Financial
Services Group, Inc., companies in which the Company directly or indirectly has a controlling
financial interest and those variable interest entities in which the Company is the primary
beneficiary. The Company determines if it is the primary beneficiary using both qualitative and
quantitative analyses. Entities in which The Hartford does not have a controlling financial
interest but in which the Company has significant influence over the operating and financing
decisions are reported using the equity method. All material intercompany transactions and
balances between The Hartford and its subsidiaries and affiliates have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with U.S. GAAP, requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
The most significant estimates include those used in determining property and casualty reserves,
net of reinsurance; life estimated gross profits used in the valuation and amortization of assets
and liabilities associated with variable annuity and other universal life-type contracts; living
benefits required to be fair valued; valuation of investments and derivative instruments;
evaluation of other-than-temporary impairments on available-for-sale securities; pension and other
postretirement benefit obligations; and contingencies relating to corporate litigation and
regulatory matters.
Significant Accounting Policies
For a description of significant accounting policies, see Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
Fair Value Measurements
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No.
157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157), which was issued by the Financial Accounting Standards
Board (FASB) in September 2006. The Company also adopted on January 1, 2008 the SFAS 157 related
FASB Staff Positions (FSPs) described below. For financial statement elements currently required
to be measured at fair value, SFAS 157 redefines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring
fair value under U.S. GAAP and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. The new
definition of fair value focuses on the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to
transfer the liability regardless of whether an observable liquid market price existed (an exit
price). An exit price valuation will include margins for risk even if they are not observable. As
the Company is released from risk, the margins for risk will also be released through net realized
capital gains (losses) in net income. SFAS 157 provides guidance on how to measure fair value,
when required, under existing accounting standards. SFAS 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy
that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad
levels (Level 1, 2, and 3).
8
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
1. Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies (continued)
The Company applied the provisions of SFAS 157 prospectively to financial assets and financial
liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value under existing U.S. GAAP. The Company
also recorded in opening retained earnings the cumulative effect of applying SFAS 157 to certain
customized derivatives measured at fair value in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force
(EITF) Issue No. 02-3, Issues Involved in Accounting for Derivative Contracts Held for Trading
Purposes and Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities (EITF 02-3). See Note 4
for additional information regarding SFAS 157. Specifically, see the SFAS 157 Transition discussion
within Note 4 for information regarding the effects of applying SFAS 157 on the Companys condensed
consolidated financial statements in the first quarter of 2008.
In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB
Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for
Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13 (FSP FAS 157-1). FSP FAS
157-1 provides a scope exception from SFAS 157 for the evaluation criteria on lease classification
and capital lease measurement under SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases and other related
accounting pronouncements. Accordingly, the Company did not apply the provisions of SFAS 157 in
determining the classification of and accounting for leases and the adoption of FSP FAS 157-1 did
not have an impact on the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements.
In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157
(FSP FAS 157-2) which delays the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2008 for certain nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities. Examples of
applicable nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities to which FSP FAS 157-2 applies include,
but are not limited to:
|
|
Nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities initially measured at fair value in a
business combination that are not subsequently remeasured at fair value; |
|
|
|
Reporting units measured at fair value in the goodwill impairment test as described in SFAS
No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS 142), and nonfinancial assets and
nonfinancial liabilities measured at fair value in the SFAS 142 goodwill impairment test, if
applicable; and |
|
|
|
Nonfinancial long-lived assets measured at fair value for impairment assessment under SFAS
No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. |
As a result of the issuance of FSP FAS 157-2, the Company did not apply the provisions of SFAS 157
to the nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities within the scope of FSP FAS 157-2.
Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and
Financial Liabilities, Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (SFAS 159). The
objective of SFAS 159 is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity
to mitigate volatility in reported net income caused by measuring related assets and liabilities
differently. This statement permits entities to choose, at specified election dates, to measure
eligible items at fair value (i.e., the fair value option). Items eligible for the fair value
option include certain recognized financial assets and liabilities, rights and obligations under
certain insurance contracts that are not financial instruments, host financial instruments
resulting from the separation of an embedded nonfinancial derivative instrument from a nonfinancial
hybrid instrument, and certain commitments. Business entities shall report unrealized gains and
losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in net income. The fair value
option: (a) may be applied instrument by instrument, with certain exceptions; (b) is irrevocable
(unless a new election date occurs); and (c) is applied only to entire instruments and not to
portions of instruments. SFAS 159 is effective as of the beginning of an entitys first fiscal
year that begins after November 15, 2007. Companies shall report the effect of the first
remeasurement to fair value as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained
earnings. On January 1, 2008, the Company did not elect to apply the provisions of SFAS 159 to
financial assets and liabilities.
9
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
1. Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies (continued)
Future Adoption of New Accounting Standards
Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating
Securities
In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in
Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities (FSP EITF 03-6-1). The FSP
addresses whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating
securities prior to vesting and, therefore, need to be included in the earnings allocation in
computing earnings per share (EPS) under the two-class method described in SFAS No. 128,
Earnings Per Share (SFAS 128). The FSP requires that unvested share-based payment awards that
contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are
participating securities and shall be included in the computation of EPS pursuant to the two-class
method. FSP EITF 03-6-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years. All prior-period EPS data
presented shall be adjusted retrospectively (including interim financial statements, summaries of
earnings, and selected financial data) to conform with the provisions of this FSP. Early
application is not permitted. The Company expects to adopt FSP EITF 03-6-1 on January 1, 2009, and
does not expect the adoption to have a material effect on the Companys earnings per share.
Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entitys Own Stock
In June 2008, the FASB issued Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) No. 07-5, Determining Whether an
Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entitys Own
Stock (EITF 07-5).
EITF 07-5
addresses the determination of whether an instrument (or an embedded feature) is indexed to an
entitys own stock for the purposes of determining whether an instrument is a derivative. To the
extent a derivative instrument or embedded derivative feature is deemed indexed to an entitys own
stock, it may be exempt from the requirements of SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments
and Hedging Activities. EITF 07-5 concluded that an entity should determine whether an
equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to its own stock first by
evaluating the instruments contingent exercise provisions, if any, and then by evaluating the
instruments settlement provisions. EITF 07-5 will be effective for instruments issued in fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company expects to adopt EITF 07-5 on January 1,
2009, and the adoption is not expected to have a material effect on the Companys consolidated
financial condition and results of operations.
Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contractsan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 60
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 163, Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance
Contractsan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 60 (SFAS 163). The scope of SFAS 163 is
limited to financial guarantee insurance (and reinsurance) contracts issued by enterprises that are
included within the scope of SFAS 60 and that are not accounted for as derivative instruments.
SFAS 163 excludes from its scope insurance contracts that are similar to financial guarantee
insurance such as mortgage guaranty insurance and credit insurance on trade receivables. SFAS 163
is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008,
and all interim periods within those fiscal years, except for certain disclosures about the
insurance enterprises risk-management activities, which are effective for the first period
(including interim periods) beginning after May 2008. Except for certain disclosures, earlier
application is not permitted. The Company does not have financial guarantee insurance products,
and, accordingly does not expect the issuance of SFAS 163 to have an effect on the Companys
consolidated financial condition and results of operations.
Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled In Cash upon Conversion (Including
Partial Cash Settlement)
In May 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That
May Be Settled In Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement) (FSP APB 14-1). FSP
APB 14-1 specifies that issuers of such instruments should separately account for the liability and
equity components in a manner that will reflect the entitys nonconvertible debt borrowing rate
when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial
statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within
those fiscal years. FSP APB 14-1 shall be applied retrospectively to all periods presented unless
instruments were not outstanding during any period included in the financial statements. The
Company expects to adopt FSP APB 14-1 on January 1, 2009. The Company does not have any
instruments outstanding that are within the scope of FSP APB 14-1, and, accordingly, does not
expect the issuance of FSP APB 14-1 to have any effect on the Companys consolidated financial
condition and results of operations.
10
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
1. Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies (continued)
Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible
Assets (FSP FAS 142-3). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in
developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized
intangible asset under SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS 142). FSP FAS
142-3 amends paragraph 11(d) of SFAS 142 to require an entity to use its own assumptions about
renewal or extension of an arrangement, adjusted for the entity-specific factors in paragraph 11 of
SFAS 142, even when there is likely to be substantial cost or material modifications. FSP FAS
142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption prohibited. The
provisions of FSP FAS 142-3 are to be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after
January 1, 2009 for the Company, although the disclosure provisions are required for all intangible
assets recognized as of or subsequent to January 1, 2009. The Company expects to adopt FSP FAS
142-3 on January 1, 2009, and does not expect the adoption to have a material effect on the
Companys consolidated financial condition and results of operations.
Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities (SFAS 161), an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS 161 amends and expands disclosures about an entitys
derivative and hedging activities with the intent of providing users of financial statements with
an enhanced understanding of (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how
derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its
related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an
entitys financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for
financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008,
with early application encouraged. SFAS 161 encourages, but does not require, comparative
disclosures. The Company expects to adopt SFAS 161 on January 1, 2009.
Income Taxes
The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was 17% and 25%,
respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was 7% and
27%, respectively. The principal causes of the difference between the effective rate and the U.S.
statutory rate of 35% were tax-exempt interest earned on invested assets and the separate account
dividends received deduction (DRD).
The separate account DRD is estimated for the current year using information from the prior
year-end, adjusted for current year equity market performance. The actual current year DRD can
vary from estimates based on, but not limited to, changes in eligible dividends received by the
mutual funds, amounts of distribution from these mutual funds, amounts of short-term capital gains
at the mutual fund level and the Companys taxable income before the DRD. The Company recorded
benefits related to the separate account DRD of $67 and $44 in the three months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, and $108 and $88 in the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The
benefit recorded in the three months ended June 30, 2008 included prior period adjustments of $9
related to the 2007 tax return and $8 related to the three months ended March 31, 2008.
In Revenue Ruling 2007-61, issued on September 25, 2007, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
announced its intention to issue regulations with respect to certain computational aspects of DRD
on separate account assets held in connection with variable annuity contracts. Revenue Ruling
2007-61 suspended Revenue Ruling 2007-54, issued in August 2007, that had purported to change
accepted industry and IRS interpretations of the statutes governing these computational questions.
Any regulations that the IRS ultimately proposes for issuance in this area will be subject to
public notice and comment, at which time insurance companies and other members of the public will
have the opportunity to raise legal and practical questions about the content, scope and
application of such regulations. As a result, the ultimate timing and substance of any such
regulations are unknown, but they could result in the elimination of some or all of the separate
account DRD tax benefit that the Company receives. Management believes that it is highly likely
that any such regulations would apply prospectively only.
The Company receives a foreign tax credit (FTC) against its U.S. tax liability for foreign taxes
paid by the Company including payments from its separate account assets. The separate account FTC
is estimated for the current year using information from the most recent filed return, adjusted for
the change in the allocation of separate account investments to the international equity markets
during the current year. The actual current year FTC can vary from the estimates due to actual
FTCs passed through by the mutual funds. During the second quarter 2008 the Company booked a tax
benefit of $4 related to the 2007 provision to filed return adjustments. The Company recorded
benefits related to separate account FTC of $8 and $3 in the three months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007, and $11 and $5 in the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The Companys unrecognized tax benefits increased by $12 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as
a result of tax positions expected to be taken on its 2008 tax return, bringing the total
unrecognized tax benefits to $88 as of June 30, 2008. This entire amount, if it were recognized,
would lower the effective tax rate for the applicable periods.
11
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
1. Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies (continued)
The Companys federal income tax returns are routinely audited by the IRS. The examination of the
Companys tax returns for 2002 through 2003 is anticipated to be completed during 2008. The 2004
through 2006 examination began during the current quarter, and is expected to close by the end of
2010. In addition, the Company is working with the IRS on a possible settlement of a DRD issue
related to prior periods which, if settled, may result in booking of tax benefits during late 2008
or early 2009. Such benefits are not expected to be material to the statement of operations.
2. Earnings Per Share
The following tables present a reconciliation of net income and shares used in calculating basic
earnings per share to those used in calculating diluted earnings per share.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per Share |
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per Share |
|
|
|
Income |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
Basic Earnings per Share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income available to common shareholders |
|
$ |
543 |
|
|
|
311.7 |
|
|
$ |
1.74 |
|
|
$ |
688 |
|
|
|
312.7 |
|
|
$ |
2.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted Earnings per Share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation plans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income available to common shareholders plus
assumed conversions |
|
$ |
543 |
|
|
|
313.1 |
|
|
$ |
1.73 |
|
|
$ |
688 |
|
|
|
314.4 |
|
|
$ |
2.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, 2007 |
|
|
June 30, 2007 |
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per Share |
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per Share |
|
|
|
Income |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
Basic Earnings per Share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income available to common shareholders |
|
$ |
627 |
|
|
|
316.8 |
|
|
$ |
1.98 |
|
|
$ |
1,503 |
|
|
|
318.2 |
|
|
$ |
4.72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted Earnings per Share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation plans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
available to common shareholders plus assumed conversions |
|
$ |
627 |
|
|
|
319.6 |
|
|
$ |
1.96 |
|
|
$ |
1,503 |
|
|
|
321.2 |
|
|
$ |
4.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. Segment Information
The Hartford is organized into two major operations: Life and Property & Casualty, each containing
reporting segments. Within the Life and Property & Casualty operations, The Hartford conducts
business principally in eleven reporting segments. Corporate primarily includes the Companys debt
financing and related interest expense, as well as other capital raising activities and purchase
accounting adjustments.
Life
Life is organized into four groups which are comprised of six reporting segments: The Retail
Products Group (Retail) and Individual Life segments make up the Individual Markets Group. The
Retirement Plans and Group Benefits segments make up the Employer Markets Group. The Institutional
Solutions Group (Institutional) and International segments each make up their own group.
The accounting policies of the reporting segments are the same as those described in the summary of
significant accounting policies in Note 1. Life evaluates performance of its segments based on
revenues, net income and the segments return on allocated capital. Each reporting segment is
allocated corporate surplus as needed to support its business. The Company charges direct
operating expenses to the appropriate segment and allocates the majority of indirect expenses to
the segments based on an intercompany expense arrangement. Inter-segment revenues primarily occur
between Lifes Other category and the reporting segments. These amounts primarily include interest
income on allocated surplus and interest charges on excess separate account surplus.
12
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
3. Segment Information (continued)
Property & Casualty
Property & Casualty is organized into five reporting segments: the underwriting segments of
Personal Lines, Small Commercial, Middle Market and Specialty Commercial (collectively, Ongoing
Operations); and the Other Operations segment. For the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007,
AARP accounted for earned premiums of $691 and $663, respectively, in Personal Lines. For the six
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, AARP accounted for earned premiums of $1.4 billion and $1.3
billion, respectively, in Personal Lines.
Through inter-segment arrangements, Specialty Commercial reimburses Personal Lines, Small
Commercial and Middle Market for losses incurred from uncollectible reinsurance and losses incurred
under certain liability claims. Earned premiums assumed (ceded) under the inter-segment
arrangements were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
Net assumed (ceded) earned premiums under |
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
inter-segment arrangements |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Personal Lines |
|
$ |
(2 |
) |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
|
$ |
(3 |
) |
|
$ |
(3 |
) |
Small Commercial |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
(15 |
) |
Middle Market |
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
(17 |
) |
Specialty Commercial |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Measures and Other Segment Information
For further discussion of the types of products offered by each segment, see Note 3 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
One of the measures of profit or loss used by The Hartfords management in evaluating the
performance of its Life segments is net income. Within Property & Casualty, net income is a
measure of profit or loss used in evaluating the performance of Ongoing Operations and the Other
Operations segment. Within Ongoing Operations, the underwriting segments of Personal Lines, Small
Commercial, Middle Market and Specialty Commercial are evaluated by The Hartfords management
primarily based upon underwriting results. Underwriting results represent premiums earned less
incurred losses, loss adjustment expenses and underwriting expenses. The sum of underwriting
results, net investment income, net realized capital gains and losses, net servicing and other
income, other expenses, and related income taxes is net income.
Certain transactions between segments occur during the year that primarily relate to tax
settlements, insurance coverage, expense reimbursements, services provided, security transfers and
capital contributions. In addition, certain reinsurance stop loss arrangements exist between the
segments which specify that one segment will reimburse another for losses incurred in excess of a
predetermined limit. Also, one segment may purchase group annuity contracts from another to fund
pension costs and annuities to settle casualty claims. In addition, certain inter-segment
transactions occur in Life. These transactions include interest income on allocated surplus and
interest charges on excess separate account surplus. Consolidated Life net investment income is
unaffected by such transactions.
13
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
3. Segment Information (continued)
The following tables present revenues and net income (loss) by segment. Underwriting results are
presented for the Personal Lines, Small Commercial, Middle Market and Specialty Commercial
segments, while net income is presented for each of Lifes reporting segments, total Property &
Casualty, Ongoing Operations, Other Operations, and Corporate.
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail [1] |
|
$ |
872 |
|
|
$ |
821 |
|
|
$ |
1,048 |
|
|
$ |
1,744 |
|
Individual Life |
|
|
285 |
|
|
|
290 |
|
|
|
541 |
|
|
|
586 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Individual Markets Group |
|
|
1,157 |
|
|
|
1,111 |
|
|
|
1,589 |
|
|
|
2,330 |
|
Retirement Plans |
|
|
170 |
|
|
|
155 |
|
|
|
292 |
|
|
|
296 |
|
Group Benefits |
|
|
1,176 |
|
|
|
1,202 |
|
|
|
2,320 |
|
|
|
2,407 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Employer Markets Group |
|
|
1,346 |
|
|
|
1,357 |
|
|
|
2,612 |
|
|
|
2,703 |
|
International [1] |
|
|
266 |
|
|
|
191 |
|
|
|
413 |
|
|
|
396 |
|
Institutional |
|
|
472 |
|
|
|
532 |
|
|
|
776 |
|
|
|
1,049 |
|
Other |
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
132 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Life segment revenues [1] |
|
|
3,287 |
|
|
|
3,249 |
|
|
|
5,447 |
|
|
|
6,610 |
|
Net investment income (loss) on equity
securities, held for trading [2] |
|
|
1,153 |
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
1,444 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Life [1] |
|
|
4,440 |
|
|
|
4,483 |
|
|
|
3,022 |
|
|
|
8,054 |
|
Property & Casualty |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ongoing Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines |
|
|
980 |
|
|
|
967 |
|
|
|
1,963 |
|
|
|
1,920 |
|
Small Commercial |
|
|
683 |
|
|
|
684 |
|
|
|
1,370 |
|
|
|
1,365 |
|
Middle Market |
|
|
559 |
|
|
|
592 |
|
|
|
1,135 |
|
|
|
1,197 |
|
Specialty Commercial |
|
|
362 |
|
|
|
378 |
|
|
|
729 |
|
|
|
762 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Ongoing Operations earned premiums |
|
|
2,584 |
|
|
|
2,621 |
|
|
|
5,197 |
|
|
|
5,244 |
|
Other Operations earned premiums |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
Other revenues [3] |
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
124 |
|
|
|
245 |
|
|
|
242 |
|
Net investment income |
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
446 |
|
|
|
756 |
|
|
|
859 |
|
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
(203 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Property & Casualty |
|
|
3,051 |
|
|
|
3,168 |
|
|
|
5,998 |
|
|
|
6,345 |
|
Corporate |
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues [1] |
|
$ |
7,503 |
|
|
$ |
7,660 |
|
|
$ |
9,047 |
|
|
$ |
14,419 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the transition impact related
to the SFAS 157 adoption was a reduction in revenues of $616 and $34
for Retail and International, respectively. For further discussion of
the SFAS 157 adoption impact, refer to Note 4. |
|
[2] |
|
Management does not include net investment income and the
mark-to-market effects of equity securities held for trading
supporting the international variable annuity business in its segment
revenues since corresponding amounts are credited to policyholders. |
|
[3] |
|
Represents servicing revenue. |
14
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
3. Segment Information (continued)
Net Income (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail [1] |
|
$ |
170 |
|
|
$ |
122 |
|
|
$ |
93 |
|
|
$ |
322 |
|
Individual Life |
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
96 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Individual Markets Group |
|
|
200 |
|
|
|
166 |
|
|
|
143 |
|
|
|
418 |
|
Retirement Plans |
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
Group Benefits |
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
108 |
|
|
|
152 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Employer Markets Group |
|
|
93 |
|
|
|
111 |
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
202 |
|
International [1] |
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
95 |
|
Institutional |
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
(150 |
) |
|
|
52 |
|
Other |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Life [1] |
|
|
334 |
|
|
|
318 |
|
|
|
179 |
|
|
|
756 |
|
Property & Casualty |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ongoing Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines |
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
84 |
|
|
|
123 |
|
|
|
214 |
|
Small Commercial |
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
101 |
|
|
|
188 |
|
|
|
185 |
|
Middle Market |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
Specialty Commercial |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Ongoing Operations underwriting results |
|
|
108 |
|
|
|
217 |
|
|
|
426 |
|
|
|
510 |
|
Net servicing income [2] |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
Net investment income |
|
|
334 |
|
|
|
385 |
|
|
|
644 |
|
|
|
736 |
|
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(53 |
) |
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
(187 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
Other expenses |
|
|
(65 |
) |
|
|
(56 |
) |
|
|
(122 |
) |
|
|
(116 |
) |
Income tax expense |
|
|
(86 |
) |
|
|
(158 |
) |
|
|
(210 |
) |
|
|
(341 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ongoing Operations |
|
|
246 |
|
|
|
384 |
|
|
|
558 |
|
|
|
813 |
|
Other Operations |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Property & Casualty |
|
|
249 |
|
|
|
344 |
|
|
|
575 |
|
|
|
805 |
|
Corporate |
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
(35 |
) |
|
|
(66 |
) |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income [1] |
|
$ |
543 |
|
|
$ |
627 |
|
|
$ |
688 |
|
|
$ |
1,503 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the transition impact related
to the SFAS 157 adoption was a reduction in net income of $209 and $11
for Retail and International, respectively. For further discussion of
the SFAS 157 adoption impact, refer to Note 4. |
|
[2] |
|
Net of expenses related to service business. |
15
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements
The following financial instruments are carried at fair value in the Companys condensed
consolidated financial statements: fixed maturities, equity securities, short-term investments,
freestanding and embedded derivatives, and separate account assets. These fair value disclosures
include information regarding the valuation of the Companys guaranteed benefits products and the
impact of the adoption of SFAS 157, followed by the fair value measurement and disclosure
requirements of SFAS 157.
Accounting for Guaranteed Benefits Offered With Variable Annuities
Many of the variable annuity contracts issued by the Company offer various guaranteed minimum
death, withdrawal, income and accumulation benefits. Those benefits are accounted for under SFAS
133 or AICPA Statement of Position No. 03-1 Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for
Certain Nontraditional Long-Duration Contracts and for Separate Accounts (SOP 03-1). Guaranteed
minimum benefits often meet the definition of an embedded derivative under SFAS 133 as they have
notional amounts (the guaranteed balance) and underlyings (the investment fund options), they
require no initial net investment and they may have terms that require or permit net settlement.
However, certain guaranteed minimum benefits settle only upon a single insurable event, such as
death (guaranteed minimum death benefits or GMDB) or living (life contingent portion of
guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits or GMWB), and as such are scoped out of SFAS 133 under the
insurance contract exception. Other guaranteed minimum benefits require settlement in the form
of a long-term financing transaction, such as is typical with guaranteed minimum income benefits
(GMIB), and as such do not meet the net settlement requirement in SFAS 133. Guaranteed minimum
benefits that do not meet the requirements of SFAS 133 are accounted for as insurance benefits
under SOP 03-1.
Guaranteed Benefits Accounted for at Fair Value Prior to SFAS 157
The non-life-contingent portion of the Companys GMWBs and guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits
(GMAB) meet the definition of an embedded derivative under SFAS 133, and as such are recorded at
fair value with changes in fair value recorded in net realized capital gains (losses) in net
income. In bifurcating the embedded derivative, the Company attributes to the derivative a portion
of total fees collected from the contract holder (the Attributed Fees). Attributed Fees are set
equal to the present value of future claims (excluding margins for risk) expected to be paid for
the guaranteed living benefit embedded derivative at the inception of the contract. The excess of
total fees collected from the contract holder over the Attributed Fees are associated with the host
variable annuity contract and recorded in fee income. In subsequent valuations, both the present
value of future claims expected to be paid and the present value of attributed fees expected to be
collected are revalued based on current market conditions and policyholder behavior assumptions.
The difference between each of the two components represents the fair value of the embedded
derivative.
GMWBs provide the policyholder with a guaranteed remaining balance (GRB) if the account value is
reduced to a contractually specified minimum level, through a combination of market declines and
withdrawals. The GRB is generally equal to premiums less withdrawals. For most of the Companys
GMWB for life riders, the GRB is reset on an annual basis to the maximum anniversary account
value, subject to a cap. If the GRB exceeds the account value for any policy, the contract is
in-the-money by the difference between the GRB and the account value.
During the first quarter of 2007, the Company launched a GMAB rider attached to certain Japanese
variable annuity contracts. The GMAB provides the policyholder with the GRB if the account value
is less than premiums after an accumulation period, generally 10 years, and if the account value
has not dropped below 80% of the initial deposit at which point a GMIB can be exercised. The GRB
is generally equal to premiums less surrenders.
Derivatives That Hedge Capital Markets Risk for Guaranteed Minimum Benefits Accounted for as
Derivatives
Changes in capital markets or policyholder behavior may increase or decrease the Companys exposure
to benefits under the guarantees. The Company uses derivative transactions, including GMWB
reinsurance (described below) which meets the definition of a derivative under SFAS 133 and
customized derivative transactions, to mitigate some of that exposure. Derivatives are recorded at
fair value with changes in fair value recorded in net realized capital gains (losses) in net
income.
GMWB Reinsurance
For all U.S. GMWB contracts in effect through July 2003, the Company entered into a reinsurance
arrangement to offset its exposure to the GMWB for the remaining lives of those contracts.
Substantially all of the Companys reinsurance capacity was utilized as of the third quarter of
2003. Substantially all U.S. GMWB riders sold since July 2003 are not covered by reinsurance.
16
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements (continued)
Customized Derivatives
In June and July of 2007 and again in April of 2008, the Company entered into customized swap
contracts to hedge certain risk components for the remaining term of certain blocks of
non-reinsured GMWB riders. These customized derivative contracts provide protection from capital
markets risks based on policyholder behavior assumptions specified by the Company at the inception
of the derivative transactions. Due to the significance of the non-observable inputs associated
with pricing the swap contracts entered into in 2007, the initial difference between the
transaction price and modeled value of $51 was deferred in accordance with EITF 02-3 and included
in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Other Derivative Instruments
The Company uses other hedging instruments to hedge its unreinsured GMWB exposure. These
instruments include interest rate futures and swaps, variance swaps, S&P 500 and NASDAQ index put
options and futures contracts. The Company also uses EAFE Index swaps to hedge GMWB exposure to
international equity markets.
Adoption of SFAS 157 for Guaranteed Benefits Offered With Variable Annuities That are Required to
be Fair Valued
Fair values for GMWB and GMAB contracts and the related reinsurance and customized derivatives that
hedge certain equity markets exposure for GMWB contracts are calculated based upon internally
developed models because active, observable markets do not exist for those items. Below is a
description of the Companys fair value methodologies for guaranteed benefit liabilities, the
related reinsurance and customized derivatives, all accounted for under SFAS 133, prior to the
adoption of SFAS 157 and subsequent to adoption of SFAS 157.
Pre-SFAS 157 Fair Value
Prior to January 1, 2008, the Company used the guidance prescribed in SFAS 133 and other related
accounting literature on fair value which represented the amount for which a financial instrument
could be exchanged in a current transaction between knowledgeable, unrelated willing parties.
However, under that accounting literature, when an estimate of fair value was made for liabilities
where no market observable transactions exist for that liability or similar liabilities, market
risk margins were only included in the valuation if the margin was identifiable, measurable and
significant. If a reliable estimate of market risk margins was not obtainable, the present value
of expected future cash flows under a risk neutral framework, discounted at the risk free rate of
interest, was the best available estimate of fair value in the circumstances (Pre-SFAS 157 Fair
Value).
The Pre-SFAS 157 Fair Value was calculated based on actuarial and capital market assumptions
related to projected cash flows, including benefits and related contract charges, over the lives of
the contracts, incorporating expectations concerning policyholder behavior such as lapses, fund
selection, resets and withdrawal utilization (for the customized derivatives, policyholder behavior
is prescribed in the derivative contract). Because of the dynamic and complex nature of these cash
flows, best estimate assumptions and a Monte Carlo stochastic process involving the generation of
thousands of scenarios that assume risk neutral returns consistent with swap rates and a blend of
observable implied index volatility levels were used. Estimating these cash flows involved
numerous estimates and subjective judgments including those regarding expected markets rates of
return, market volatility, correlations of market index returns to funds, fund performance,
discount rates and policyholder behavior. At each valuation date, the Company assumed expected
returns based on:
|
|
risk-free rates as represented by the current LIBOR forward curve rates; |
|
|
|
forward market volatility assumptions for each underlying index based primarily on a blend
of observed market implied volatility data; |
|
|
|
correlations of market returns across underlying indices based on actual observed market
returns and relationships over the ten years preceding the valuation date; |
|
|
|
three years of history for fund regression; and |
|
|
|
current risk-free spot rates as represented by the current LIBOR spot curve to determine
the present value of expected future cash flows produced in the stochastic projection process. |
As GMWB obligations are relatively new in the marketplace, actual policyholder behavior experience
is limited. As a result, estimates of future policyholder behavior are subjective and based on
analogous internal and external data. As markets change, mature and evolve and actual policyholder
behavior emerges, management continually evaluates the appropriateness of its assumptions for this
component of the fair value model.
17
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements (continued)
Fair Value Under SFAS 157
The Companys SFAS 157 fair value is calculated as an aggregation of the following components:
Pre-SFAS 157 Fair Value; Actively-Managed Volatility Adjustment; Credit Standing Adjustment; Market
Illiquidity Premium; and Behavior Risk Margin. The resulting aggregation is reconciled or
calibrated, if necessary, to market information that is, or may be, available to the Company, but
may not be observable by other market participants, including reinsurance discussions and
transactions. The Company believes the aggregation of each of these components, as necessary and
as reconciled or calibrated to the market information available to the Company, results in an
amount that the Company would be required to transfer for a liability, or receive for an asset, to
market participants in an active liquid market, if one existed, for those market participants to
assume the risks associated with the guaranteed minimum benefits and the related reinsurance and
customized derivatives required to be fair valued. The SFAS 157 fair value is likely to materially
diverge from the ultimate settlement of the liability as the Company believes settlement will be
based on our best estimate assumptions rather than those best estimate assumptions plus risk
margins. In the absence of any transfer of the GMWB liability to a third party, the release of
risk margins is likely to be reflected as realized gains in future periods net income. Each of
the components described below are unobservable in the marketplace and require subjectivity by the
Company in determining their value.
|
|
Actively-Managed Volatility Adjustment. This component incorporates the basis differential
between the observable index implied volatilities used to calculate the Pre-SFAS 157 component
and the actively-managed funds underlying the variable annuity product. The Actively-Managed
Volatility Adjustment is calculated using historical fund and weighted index volatilities. |
|
|
|
Credit Standing Adjustment. This component makes an adjustment that market participants
would make to reflect the risk that GMWB obligations or the GMWB reinsurance recoverables will
not be fulfilled (nonperformance risk). SFAS 157 explicitly requires nonperformance risk to
be reflected in fair value. The Company calculates the Credit Standing Adjustment by using
default rates provided by rating agencies, adjusted for market recoverability, reflecting the
long-term nature of living benefit obligations and the priority of payment on these
obligations versus long-term debt. |
|
|
|
Market Illiquidity Premium. This component makes an adjustment that market participants
would require to reflect that GMWB obligations are illiquid and have no market observable exit
prices in the capital markets. The Market Illiquidity Premium was determined using inputs
that were identified in customized derivative transactions that the Company entered into to
hedge GMWB related risks. |
|
|
|
Behavior Risk Margin. This component adds a margin that market participants would require
for the risk that the Companys assumptions about policyholder behavior used in the Pre-SFAS
157 model could differ from actual experience. The Behavior Risk Margin is calculated by
taking the difference between adverse policyholder behavior assumptions and the best estimate
assumptions used in the Pre-SFAS 157 model using interest rate and volatility assumptions that
the Company believes market participants would use in developing risk margins. The adverse
assumptions incorporate adverse dynamic lapse behavior, greater utilization of the withdrawal
features, and the potential for contract holders to shift their investment funds into more
aggressive investments when allowed. |
SFAS 157 Transition
The Company applied the provisions of SFAS 157 prospectively to financial instruments that are
recorded at fair value including guaranteed living benefits that are required to be fair valued.
The Company also applied the provisions of SFAS 157 using limited retrospective application (i.e.,
cumulative effect adjustment through opening retained earnings) to certain customized derivatives
historically measured at fair value in accordance with EITF 02-3.
The impact on January 1, 2008 of adopting SFAS 157 for guaranteed benefits accounted for under SFAS
133 and the related reinsurance was a reduction to net income of $220, after the effects of DAC
amortization and income taxes. In addition, net realized capital gains and losses that will be
recorded in 2008 and future years are also likely to be more volatile than amounts recorded in
prior years.
Moreover, the adoption of SFAS 157 has resulted in lower variable annuity fee income for new
business issued in 2008 as attributed fees to the embedded derivative have increased consistent
with incorporating additional risk margins and other indicia of exit value in the valuation of
the embedded derivative. The level of attributed fees to the embedded derivatives for new business
each quarter also depends on the level of equity index volatility, as well as other factors,
including interest rates. As equity index volatility has risen, interest rates have declined, and
the Company adopted SFAS 157, the fees ascribed to the new business cohorts issued in the first and
second quarters of 2008 have risen to levels above the rider fee for most products. The extent of
any excess of ascribed fee over rider fee will vary by product. The Company does not believe it is
likely that todays level of ascribed fees will persist over the long-term.
The Company also recognized a decrease in opening retained earnings of $51 in relation to the loss
deferred in accordance with EITF 02-3 on customized derivatives purchased in 2007, and used to
hedge a portion of the GMWB risk. In addition, the change in value of the customized derivatives
due to the initial adoption of SFAS 157 of $41 was recorded as an increase in opening retained
earnings with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in net realized capital gains (losses) in
net income. After amortization of DAC and the effect of income taxes, the impact on opening
retained earnings is a decrease of $3.
18
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements (continued)
The Companys adoption of SFAS 157 did not materially impact the fair values of other financial
instruments, including, but not limited to, other derivative instruments used to hedge guaranteed
minimum benefits.
The SFAS 157 transition amounts, before the effects of DAC amortization and income taxes, as of
January 1, 2008 are shown below by type of guaranteed benefit liability and derivative asset.
SFAS 157 Transition Adjustment for Guaranteed Benefit Liabilities and Derivative Assets
As of January 1, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transition |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjustment |
|
|
|
SFAS 157 |
|
|
Pre-SFAS 157 |
|
|
Gain (Loss) |
|
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
[Before tax and |
|
|
|
Asset (Liability) |
|
|
Asset (Liability) |
|
|
DAC amortization] |
|
Guaranteed Benefits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits |
|
$ |
(1,114 |
) |
|
$ |
(553 |
) |
|
$ |
(561 |
) |
Non-Life Contingent Portion of for Life
Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Riders |
|
|
(319 |
) |
|
|
(154 |
) |
|
|
(165 |
) |
International Riders |
|
|
(17 |
) |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
(336 |
) |
|
|
(161 |
) |
|
|
(175 |
) |
International Guaranteed Minimum
Accumulation Benefits |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Guaranteed Benefits |
|
|
(1,472 |
) |
|
|
(712 |
) |
|
|
(760 |
) |
GMWB Reinsurance |
|
|
238 |
|
|
|
128 |
|
|
|
110 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(1,234 |
) |
|
$ |
(584 |
) |
|
$ |
(650 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The transition adjustment as of January 1, 2008 was comprised of the following amounts by
transition component:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transition |
|
|
|
Adjustment |
|
|
|
Gain (Loss) |
|
|
|
[Before tax and |
|
|
|
DAC amortization] |
|
Actively-Managed Volatility Adjustment |
|
$ |
(100 |
) |
Credit Standing Adjustment |
|
|
4 |
|
Market Illiquidity Premium |
|
|
(194 |
) |
Behavior Risk Margin |
|
|
(360 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Total SFAS 157 Transition Adjustment before tax and DAC amortization |
|
$ |
(650 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Fair Value Disclosures
The following section applies the SFAS 157 fair value hierarchy and disclosure requirements to the
Companys financial instruments that are carried at fair value. SFAS 157 establishes a fair value
hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs in the valuation techniques used to measure fair value into
three broad Levels (Level 1, 2 or 3).
|
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets
or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability
to access at the measurement date. Level 1 securities include
highly liquid U.S. Treasury securities, certain mortgage backed
securities, and exchange traded equity and derivative
securities. |
|
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1,
for the asset or liability or prices for similar assets and
liabilities. Most debt securities and some preferred stocks are
model priced by vendors using observable inputs and are classified
within Level 2. Also included in the Level 2 category are
derivative instruments that are priced using models with
observable market inputs, including interest rate, foreign
currency and certain credit swap contracts. |
|
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Valuations that are derived from techniques in which one or more
of the significant inputs are unobservable (including assumptions
about risk). Level 3 securities include less liquid securities
such as highly structured and/or lower quality asset-backed
securities (ABS) and commercial mortgage-backed securities
(CMBS), including ABS backed by sub-prime loans, and private
placement debt and equity securities. Embedded derivatives and
complex derivatives securities, including equity derivatives,
longer dated interest rate swaps and certain complex credit
derivatives are also included in Level 3. Because Level 3 fair
values, by their nature, contain unobservable market inputs as
there is no observable market for these assets and liabilities,
considerable judgment is used to determine the SFAS 157 Level 3
fair values. Level 3 fair values represent the Companys best
estimate of an amount that could be realized in a current market
exchange absent actual market exchanges. |
19
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements (continued)
The following table presents the Companys assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value,
by SFAS 157 hierarchy level, as of June 30, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted Prices |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in Active |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Markets for |
|
|
Observable |
|
|
Unobservable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Identical Assets |
|
|
Inputs |
|
|
Inputs |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
(Level 1) |
|
|
(Level 2) |
|
|
(Level 3) |
|
Assets
accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale |
|
$ |
75,068 |
|
|
$ |
633 |
|
|
$ |
57,923 |
|
|
$ |
16,512 |
|
Equity securities, held for trading |
|
|
36,853 |
|
|
|
1,730 |
|
|
|
35,123 |
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities, available-for-sale |
|
|
2,619 |
|
|
|
285 |
|
|
|
967 |
|
|
|
1,367 |
|
Other investments [1] |
|
|
869 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
766 |
|
Short-term investments |
|
|
5,127 |
|
|
|
220 |
|
|
|
4,907 |
|
|
|
|
|
Reinsurance recoverables [2] |
|
|
250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
250 |
|
Separate account assets [3] [7] |
|
|
166,938 |
|
|
|
134,978 |
|
|
|
31,295 |
|
|
|
665 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis |
|
$ |
287,724 |
|
|
$ |
137,846 |
|
|
$ |
130,318 |
|
|
$ |
19,560 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other policyholder funds and benefits payable [4] |
|
$ |
(1,739 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(1,739 |
) |
Other liabilities [5] |
|
|
(733 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(356 |
) |
|
|
(377 |
) |
Consumer notes [6] |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities accounted for at fair value on a recurring
basis |
|
$ |
(2,475 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(356 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,119 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Includes over-the-counter derivative instruments in a net asset value position which may require the counterparty to pledge
collateral to the Company. At June 30, 2008, $500 was the amount of cash collateral liability that was netted against the derivative
asset value on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and is excluded from the table above. See footnote 5 below for derivative
liabilities. |
|
[2] |
|
Represents the GMWB reinsurance derivative described in the SFAS 157 Transition section of this Note. |
|
[3] |
|
Pursuant to the conditions set forth in SOP 03-1, the value of separate account liabilities is set to equal the fair value for
separate account assets. |
|
[4] |
|
Represents GMWB, GMAB and funding agreement-backed equity-linked note embedded derivatives reported in Other Policyholder Funds and
Benefits Payable on the Companys condensed consolidated balance sheet. |
|
[5] |
|
Includes over-the-counter derivative instruments in a net negative market value position (derivative liability). In the SFAS 157
Level 3 roll forward table included below in this Note, the derivative asset and liability are referred to as freestanding
derivatives and are presented on a net basis. |
|
[6] |
|
Represents embedded derivatives associated with non-funding agreement-backed consumer equity linked notes. |
|
[7] |
|
Excludes approximately $4 billion of investment sales receivable net of investment purchases payable that are not subject to SFAS 157. |
In many situations, inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or liability position may
fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In these situations, the Company will
determine the level in which the fair value falls based upon the lowest level input that is
significant to the determination of the fair value. In most cases, both observable (e.g., changes
in interest rates) and unobservable (e.g., changes in risk assumptions) inputs are used in the
determination of fair values that the Company has classified within Level 3. Consequently, these
values and the related gains and losses are based upon both observable and unobservable inputs.
Determination of fair values
The valuation methodologies used to determine the fair values of assets and liabilities under the
exit price notion of SFAS 157 reflect market-participant objectives and are based on the
application of the fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable market inputs over unobservable
inputs. The Company determines the fair values of certain financial assets and financial
liabilities based on quoted market prices, where available. The Company also determines fair value
based on future cash flows discounted at the appropriate current market rate. Fair values reflect
adjustments for counterparty credit quality, the Companys credit standing, liquidity and, where
appropriate, risk margins on unobservable parameters. The following is a discussion of the
methodologies used to determine fair values for the financial instruments listed in the above
table.
20
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements (continued)
Fixed Maturity, Short-Term, and Equity Securities, Available- for-Sale
The fair value of fixed maturity, short term, and equity securities, available for sale, is
determined by management after considering one of three primary sources of information: third party
pricing services, independent broker quotations, or pricing matrices. Security pricing is applied
using a waterfall approach whereby publicly available prices are first sought from third party
pricing services, the remaining unpriced securities are submitted to independent brokers for
prices, or lastly, securities are priced using a pricing matrix. Typical inputs used by these
three pricing methods include, but are not limited to, reported trades, benchmark yields, issuer
spreads, bids, offers, and/or estimated cash flows and prepayments speeds. Based on the typical
trading volumes and the lack of quoted market prices for fixed maturities, third party pricing
services normally derive the security prices through recent reported trades for identical or
similar securities making adjustments through the reporting date based upon available market
observable information outlined above. If there are no recent reported trades, the third party
pricing services and brokers may use matrix or model processes to develop a security price where
future cash flow expectations are developed based upon collateral performance and discounted at an
estimated market rate. Included in the pricing of ABS, collateralized mortgage obligations
(CMOs), and mortgage-backed securities (MBS) are estimates of the rate of future prepayments of
principal over the remaining life of the securities. Such estimates are derived based on the
characteristics of the underlying structure and prepayment speeds previously experienced at the
interest rate levels projected for the underlying collateral.
Prices from third party pricing services are often unavailable for securities that are rarely
traded or traded only in privately negotiated transactions. As a result, certain securities are
priced via independent broker quotations which utilize inputs that may be difficult to corroborate
with observable market based data. A pricing matrix is used to price securities for which the
Company is unable to obtain either a price from a third party pricing service or an independent
broker quotation. The pricing matrix begins with current spread levels to determine the market
price for the security. The credit spreads, as assigned by a knowledgeable private placement
broker, incorporate the issuers credit rating and a risk premium, if warranted, due to the
issuers industry and the securitys time to maturity. The issuer-specific yield adjustments,
which can be positive or negative, are updated twice per year, as of June 30 and December 31, by an
independent third party source and are intended to adjust security prices for issuer-specific
factors. The Company assigns a credit rating to these securities based upon an internal analysis
of the issuers financial strength.
The Company performs a monthly analysis on the prices and credit spreads received from third
parties to ensure that the prices represent a reasonable estimate of the fair value. This process
involves quantitative and qualitative analysis and is overseen by investment and accounting
professionals. Examples of procedures performed include, but are not limited to, initial and
on-going review of third party pricing services methodologies, review of pricing statistics and
trends, back testing recent trades, and monitoring of trading volumes. In addition, the Company
ensures whether prices received from independent brokers represent a reasonable estimate of fair
value through the use of internal and external cash flow models developed based on spreads and,
when available, market indices. As a result of this analysis, if the Company determines there is a
more appropriate fair value based upon the available market data, the price received from the third
party is adjusted accordingly.
The Company has analyzed the third party pricing services valuation methodologies and related
inputs, and has also evaluated the various types of securities in its investment portfolio to
determine an appropriate SFAS 157 fair value hierarchy level based upon trading activity and the
observability of market inputs. Based on this evaluation and investment class analysis, each price
was classified into Level 1, 2 or 3. Most prices provided by third party pricing services are
classified into Level 2 because the inputs used in pricing the securities are market observable.
Due to a general lack of transparency in the process that the brokers use to develop prices, most
valuations that are based on brokers prices are classified as Level 3. Some valuations may be
classified as Level 2 if the price can be corroborated. Internal matrix-priced securities,
primarily consisting of certain private placement debt, are also classified as Level 3. The matrix
pricing of certain private placement debt includes significant non-observable inputs, the
internally determined credit rating of the security and an externally provided credit spread.
21
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements (continued)
The following table presents the fair value of the significant asset sectors within the SFAS 157
Level 3 securities classification as of June 30, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of Total |
|
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
ABS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Below Prime |
|
$ |
2,136 |
|
|
|
11.9 |
% |
Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs) |
|
|
2,677 |
|
|
|
15.0 |
% |
Other |
|
|
996 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
% |
Corporate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Matrix priced |
|
|
5,245 |
|
|
|
29.3 |
% |
Other |
|
|
3,267 |
|
|
|
18.3 |
% |
CMBS |
|
|
1,834 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
% |
Preferred stock |
|
|
1,139 |
|
|
|
6.3 |
% |
Other |
|
|
585 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Level 3 securities |
|
$ |
17,879 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ABS below prime primarily represents sub-prime and Alt-A securities which are classified as
Level 3 due to the lack of liquidity in the market. |
|
|
|
ABS CLOs represent senior secured bank loan CLOs which are primarily priced by independent
brokers. |
|
|
|
ABS Other primarily represents broker priced securities. |
|
|
|
Corporate-matrix priced represents private placement securities that are thinly traded and
priced using a pricing matrix which includes significant non-observable inputs. |
|
|
|
Corporate-other primarily represents broker-priced securities which are thinly traded and
privately negotiated transactions. |
|
|
|
CMBS primarily represents CMBS collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) securities
classified as Level 3 due to the illiquidity of this sector. |
|
|
|
Preferred stock primarily represents illiquid perpetual preferred security transactions. |
Derivative Instruments, including embedded derivatives within investments
Derivative instruments are reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value and
are reported in Other Investments and Other Liabilities. Embedded derivatives are reported with
the host instruments on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Derivative instruments are fair
valued using pricing valuation models, which utilize market data inputs or independent broker
quotations. Excluding embedded derivatives, as of June 30, 2008, 97% of derivatives based upon
notional values were priced by valuation models, which utilize independent market data. The
remaining derivatives were priced by broker quotations. The derivatives are valued using
mid-market inputs that are predominantly observable in the market. Inputs used to value
derivatives include, but are not limited to, interest swap rates, foreign currency forward and spot
rates, credit spreads and correlations, interest and equity volatility and equity index levels.
The Company performs a monthly analysis on derivative valuations which includes both quantitative
and qualitative analysis. Examples of procedures performed include, but are not limited to, review
of pricing statistics and trends, back testing recent trades, analyzing the impacts of changes in
the market environment, and review of changes in market value for each derivative including those
derivatives priced by brokers.
Derivative instruments classified as Level 1 include futures and certain option contracts which are
traded on active exchange markets.
Derivative instruments classified as Level 2 primarily include interest rate, currency and certain
credit default swaps. The derivative valuations are determined using pricing models with inputs
that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable
market data.
Derivative instruments classified as Level 3 include complex derivatives, such as equity options
and swaps, interest rate derivatives which have interest rate optionality, certain credit default
swaps, and long-dated interest rate swaps. Also included in Level 3 classification for derivatives
are customized equity swaps that hedge the GMWB liabilities. Additional information on the
customized transactions is provided under the Accounting for Guaranteed Benefits Offered With
Variable Annuities section of this Note 4. These derivative instruments are valued using pricing
models which utilize both observable and unobservable inputs and, to a lesser extent, broker
quotations. A derivative instrument containing Level 1 or Level 2 inputs will be classified as a
Level 3 financial instrument in its entirety if it has as least one significant Level 3 input.
The Company utilizes derivative instruments to manage the risk associated with certain assets and
liabilities. However, the derivative instrument may not be classified with the same fair value
hierarchy level as the associated assets and liabilities. Therefore the realized and unrealized
gains and losses on derivatives reported in Level 3 may not reflect the offsetting impact of the
realized and unrealized gains and losses of the associated assets and liabilities.
22
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements (continued)
GMWB Reinsurance Derivative
The fair value of the GMWB reinsurance derivative is calculated as an aggregation of the components
described in the SFAS 157 Transition section of this Note. The fair value of the GMWB reinsurance
derivative is modeled using significant unobservable policyholder behavior inputs, such as lapses,
fund selection, resets and withdrawal utilization, and risk margins. As a result, the GMWB
reinsurance derivative is categorized as Level 3.
Separate Account Assets
Separate account assets are primarily invested in mutual funds but also have investments in fixed
maturity and equity securities. The separate account investments are valued in the same manner,
and using the same pricing sources and inputs, as the fixed maturity, equity security, and
short-term investments of the Company. Open-ended mutual funds are included in Level 1. Most debt
securities and short-term investments are included in Level 2. Level 3 assets include less liquid
securities, such as highly structured and/or lower quality ABS and CMBS, ABS backed by sub-prime
loans, and any investment priced solely by broker quotes.
GMWB and GMAB Embedded Derivatives (in Other Policyholder Funds and Benefits Payable)
The fair value of GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives, reported in Other Policyholder Funds and
Benefits Payable on the Companys condensed consolidated balance sheet, are calculated as an
aggregation of the components described in the SFAS 157 Transition section of this Note. The fair
value of GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives are modeled using significant unobservable policyholder
behavior inputs, such as lapses, fund selection, resets and withdrawal utilization, and risk
margins. As a result, the GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives are categorized as Level 3.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
The tables below provide a fair value roll forward for the three and six months ending June 30,
2008 for the financial instruments for which significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) are used in
the fair value measurement on a recurring basis. The Company classifies the fair values of
financial instruments within Level 3 if there are no observable markets for the instruments or, in
the absence of active markets, the majority of the inputs used to determine fair value are based on
the Companys own assumptions about market participant assumptions. However, the Company
prioritizes the use of market-based inputs over entity-based assumptions in determining Level 3
fair values in accordance with SFAS 157. Therefore, the gains and losses in the tables below
include changes in fair value due partly to observable and unobservable factors.
Roll-forward of Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) for the three months from April 1, 2008 to June 30, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
included in net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
income related |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Realized/unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
to financial |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains (losses) |
|
|
Purchases, |
|
|
Transfers |
|
|
SFAS 157 |
|
|
instruments |
|
|
|
SFAS 157 Fair |
|
|
included in: |
|
|
issuances, |
|
|
in and/or |
|
|
Fair value |
|
|
still held at |
|
|
|
value as of |
|
|
Net income |
|
|
AOCI |
|
|
and |
|
|
(out) of |
|
|
as of June |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
April 1, 2008 |
|
|
[3], [4] |
|
|
[6] |
|
|
settlements |
|
|
Level 3 [8] |
|
|
30, 2008 |
|
|
2008 [4] |
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities |
|
$ |
16,447 |
|
|
$ |
(74 |
) |
|
$ |
(286 |
) |
|
$ |
305 |
|
|
$ |
120 |
|
|
$ |
16,512 |
|
|
$ |
(75 |
) |
Equity
securities, available-for-sale |
|
|
1,285 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
236 |
|
|
|
(148 |
) |
|
|
1,367 |
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
Freestanding derivatives [5] |
|
|
664 |
|
|
|
(282 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
389 |
|
|
|
(238 |
) |
Reinsurance recoverable [3] |
|
|
291 |
|
|
|
(46 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
250 |
|
|
|
(46 |
) |
Separate accounts [7] |
|
|
580 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
|
120 |
|
|
|
665 |
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives reported in
other policyholder funds and benefits payable [3] |
|
$ |
(2,058 |
) |
|
$ |
351 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(32 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(1,739 |
) |
|
$ |
351 |
|
Consumer notes |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Fair Value Measurements (continued)
Roll-forward of Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) for the six months from January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains (losses) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
included in net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
income related |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
realized/unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
to financial |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains (losses) |
|
|
Purchases, |
|
|
Transfers |
|
|
SFAS 157 |
|
|
instruments |
|
|
|
SFAS 157 Fair |
|
|
included in: |
|
|
issuances, |
|
|
in and/or |
|
|
Fair value |
|
|
still held at |
|
|
|
value as of |
|
|
Net income |
|
|
AOCI |
|
|
and |
|
|
(out) of |
|
|
as of June |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
January 1, 2008 |
|
|
[3], [4] |
|
|
[6] |
|
|
settlements |
|
|
Level 3 [8] |
|
|
30, 2008 |
|
|
2008 [4] |
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities |
|
$ |
17,996 |
|
|
$ |
(177 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,396 |
) |
|
$ |
1,278 |
|
|
$ |
(1,189 |
) |
|
$ |
16,512 |
|
|
$ |
(75 |
) |
Equity
securities, available-for-sale |
|
|
1,339 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(129 |
) |
|
|
327 |
|
|
|
(169 |
) |
|
|
1,367 |
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
Freestanding derivatives [5] |
|
|
254 |
|
|
|
(203 |
) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
235 |
|
|
|
101 |
|
|
|
389 |
|
|
|
(96 |
) |
Reinsurance recoverable [1], [3] |
|
|
238 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
250 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
Separate accounts [7] |
|
|
701 |
|
|
|
(56 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
665 |
|
|
|
(54 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives reported in
other policyholder funds and benefits payable [2], [3] |
|
$ |
(1,517 |
) |
|
$ |
(166 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(56 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(1,739 |
) |
|
$ |
(166 |
) |
Consumer notes |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The January 1, 2008 fair value of $238 includes the pre-SFAS 157 fair value of $128 and transitional adjustment of $110. |
|
[2] |
|
The January 1, 2008 fair value of $1,517 includes $1,472 for guaranteed living benefits that are required to be fair valued
as detailed in the SFAS 157 Transition section of this Note 4. The remaining $45 relates to other financial instruments
that were accounted for using fair value hedge accounting treatment under SFAS 133, and equity-linked notes which had no
transitional adjustment. |
|
[3] |
|
The Company classifies all the gains and losses on GMWB reinsurance derivatives and GMWB embedded derivatives as unrealized
gains/losses for purposes of disclosure in this table because it is impracticable to track on a contract-by-contract basis
the realized gains/losses for these derivatives and embedded derivatives. |
|
[4] |
|
All amounts in these columns are reported in net realized capital gains/losses except for $(1) and $1 for the three and six
months ending June 30, 2008 respectively, which are reported in benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses. All amounts
are before income taxes and amortization of DAC. |
|
[5] |
|
The freestanding derivatives, excluding reinsurance derivatives instruments, are reported in this table on a net basis for
asset/(liability) positions and reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheet in other investments and other
liabilities. |
|
[6] |
|
AOCI refers to Accumulated other comprehensive income in the condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income
(loss). All amounts are before income taxes and amortization of DAC. |
|
[7] |
|
The realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income for separate account assets are offset by an equal amount for
separate account liabilities, which results in a net zero impact on net income for the Company. |
|
[8] |
|
Transfers in and/or (out) of Level 3 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 are attributable to a change in
the availability of market observable information for individual
securities within the respective categories. |
24
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
5. Investments and Derivative Instruments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
Bonds and Notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ABS |
|
$ |
9,575 |
|
|
$ |
26 |
|
|
$ |
(1,369 |
) |
|
$ |
8,232 |
|
|
$ |
9,515 |
|
|
$ |
33 |
|
|
$ |
(633 |
) |
|
$ |
8,915 |
|
CMBS |
|
|
15,715 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
(1,855 |
) |
|
|
14,028 |
|
|
|
17,625 |
|
|
|
244 |
|
|
|
(838 |
) |
|
|
17,031 |
|
CMOs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agency backed |
|
|
867 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
890 |
|
|
|
1,191 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
1,219 |
|
Non-agency backed |
|
|
474 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(38 |
) |
|
|
436 |
|
|
|
525 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
526 |
|
Corporate |
|
|
35,297 |
|
|
|
834 |
|
|
|
(1,800 |
) |
|
|
34,331 |
|
|
|
34,118 |
|
|
|
1,022 |
|
|
|
(942 |
) |
|
|
34,198 |
|
Government/Government agencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign |
|
|
958 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
979 |
|
|
|
999 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
1,053 |
|
United States |
|
|
1,376 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
1,383 |
|
|
|
836 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
855 |
|
MBS |
|
|
2,384 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
(21 |
) |
|
|
2,372 |
|
|
|
2,757 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
2,763 |
|
States, municipalities and
political subdivisions |
|
|
12,451 |
|
|
|
263 |
|
|
|
(297 |
) |
|
|
12,417 |
|
|
|
13,152 |
|
|
|
427 |
|
|
|
(90 |
) |
|
|
13,489 |
|
Redeemable preferred stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities |
|
$ |
79,097 |
|
|
$ |
1,383 |
|
|
$ |
(5,412 |
) |
|
$ |
75,068 |
|
|
$ |
80,724 |
|
|
$ |
1,869 |
|
|
$ |
(2,538 |
) |
|
$ |
80,055 |
|
Equity
securities, available-for-sale |
|
|
2,890 |
|
|
|
197 |
|
|
|
(468 |
) |
|
|
2,619 |
|
|
|
2,611 |
|
|
|
218 |
|
|
|
(234 |
) |
|
|
2,595 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
securities, available-for-sale |
|
$ |
81,987 |
|
|
$ |
1,580 |
|
|
$ |
(5,880 |
) |
|
$ |
77,687 |
|
|
$ |
83,335 |
|
|
$ |
2,087 |
|
|
$ |
(2,772 |
) |
|
$ |
82,650 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, under terms of securities lending programs, the fair
value of loaned securities was approximately $3.9 billion and $4.3 billion, respectively, and was
included in fixed maturities and equities securities, available-for-sale, and short-term
investments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)
The Company is involved with variable interest entities as a collateral manager and as an investor
through normal investment activities. The Companys involvement includes providing investment
management and administrative services for a fee, and holding ownership or other investment
interests in the entities.
VIEs may or may not be consolidated on the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements.
When the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, all of the assets of the VIE are
consolidated into the Companys financial statements. The Company also reports a liability for the
portion of the VIE that represents the minority interest of other investors in the VIE. When the
Company concludes that it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE, the fair value of the
Companys investment in the VIE is recorded in the Companys financial statements.
The Companys maximum exposure to loss represents the maximum loss amount that the Company could
recognize as a reduction in net investment income or as a realized capital loss.
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had relationships with six and seven VIEs,
respectively, where the Company was the primary beneficiary. The following table sets forth the
carrying value of assets and liabilities, and the Companys maximum exposure to loss on these
consolidated VIEs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Exposure |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Exposure |
|
|
|
Assets |
|
|
Liabilities [1] |
|
|
to Loss |
|
|
Assets |
|
|
Liabilities [1] |
|
|
to Loss |
|
CLOs [2] |
|
$ |
346 |
|
|
$ |
47 |
|
|
$ |
291 |
|
|
$ |
128 |
|
|
$ |
47 |
|
|
$ |
107 |
|
Limited partnerships |
|
|
306 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
251 |
|
|
|
309 |
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
262 |
|
Other investments [3] |
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
154 |
|
|
|
291 |
|
|
|
377 |
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
317 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,043 |
|
|
$ |
256 |
|
|
$ |
833 |
|
|
$ |
814 |
|
|
$ |
165 |
|
|
$ |
686 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Creditors have no recourse against the Company in the event of default by the VIE. |
|
[2] |
|
The Company provides collateral management services and earns a fee associated with these structures. |
|
[3] |
|
Other investments include one unlevered investment bank loan fund for which the Company provides collateral management
services and earns an associated fee as well as two investment structures that are backed by preferred securities. |
25
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
5. Investments and Derivative Instruments (continued)
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company also held variable interests in four and
five VIEs, respectively, where the Company is not the primary beneficiary. These investments have
been held by the Company for less than two years. The Companys maximum exposure to loss from
these non-consolidated VIEs as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 was $504 and $150,
respectively.
As of December 31, 2007, Hartford Investment Management Company (HIMCO) was the collateral
manager of four VIEs with provisions that allowed for termination if the fair value of the
aggregate referenced bank loan portfolio declined below a stated level. These VIEs were market
value CLOs that invested in senior secured bank loans through total return swaps. Two of these
market value CLOs were consolidated, and two were not consolidated. During the first quarter of
2008, the fair value of the aggregate referenced bank loan portfolio declined below the stated
level in all four market value CLOs and the total return swap counterparties terminated the
transactions. Three of these CLOs were restructured from market value CLOs to cash flow CLOs
without market value triggers and the remaining CLO is expected to terminate by the end of 2008.
The Company realized a capital loss of $90, before-tax, $86 of which was realized in the first
quarter, from the termination of these CLOs. In connection with the restructuring, the Company
purchased interests in two of the resulting VIEs, one of which the
Company is the primary beneficiary. These purchases resulted in an
increase in the Companys maximum exposure to loss for both
consolidated and non-consolidated VIEs.
Derivative Instruments
The Company utilizes a variety of derivative instruments, including swaps, caps, floors, forwards,
futures and options through one of four Company-approved objectives: to hedge risk arising from
interest rate, equity market, credit spread including issuer default, price or currency exchange
rate risk or volatility; to manage liquidity; to control transaction costs; or to enter into
replication transactions.
On the date the derivative contract is entered into, the Company designates the derivative as (1) a
hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (fair-value hedge), (2) a hedge of the
variability of cash flows of a forecasted transaction or of amounts to be received or paid related
to a recognized asset or liability (cash-flow hedge), (3) a foreign-currency fair-value or
cash-flow hedge (foreign-currency hedge), (4) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation
(net investment hedge), or (5) held for other investment and/or risk management purposes, which
primarily involve managing asset or liability related risks that do not qualify for hedge
accounting.
The Companys derivative transactions are used in strategies permitted under the derivative use
plans required by the State of Connecticut, the State of Illinois, and the State of New York
insurance departments.
For a detailed discussion of the Companys use of derivative instruments, see Notes 1 and 4 of
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Derivative instruments are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and
are presented as assets or liabilities as determined by calculating the net position, taking into
account income accruals and cash collateral held, for each derivative counterparty by legal entity.
The fair value of derivative instruments, excluding income accruals and cash collateral held, are
presented as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
|
Assets |
|
|
Liabilities |
|
|
Assets |
|
|
Liabilities |
|
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Other investments |
|
|
869 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
528 |
|
|
|
|
|
Reinsurance recoverables |
|
|
250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
128 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other policyholder funds and benefits payable |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1,719 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
737 |
|
Consumer notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
733 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
617 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,120 |
|
|
$ |
2,457 |
|
|
$ |
658 |
|
|
$ |
1,359 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
5. Investments and Derivative Instruments (continued)
The following table summarizes the notional amount and fair value of derivatives by hedge
designation as of June 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007. The notional amount of derivative
contracts represents the basis upon which pay or receive amounts are calculated and are not
necessarily reflective of credit risk. The fair value amounts of derivative assets and liabilities
are presented on a net basis in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
Cash-flow hedges |
|
$ |
8,253 |
|
|
$ |
(187 |
) |
|
$ |
6,637 |
|
|
$ |
(205 |
) |
Fair-value hedges |
|
|
3,040 |
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
4,922 |
|
|
|
(41 |
) |
Other investment and risk management activities |
|
|
105,382 |
|
|
|
(1,177 |
) |
|
|
99,796 |
|
|
|
(455 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
116,675 |
|
|
$ |
(1,337 |
) |
|
$ |
111,355 |
|
|
$ |
(701 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in notional amount since December 31, 2007, is primarily due to an increase in
notional of derivatives associated with GMWB riders, partially offset by a decline in notional of
credit derivatives. The circumstances giving rise to the changes in notional related to these
components are as follows:
|
|
The Company offers certain variable annuity products with GMWB and GMAB riders, which are
accounted for as embedded derivatives. For further discussion on the GMWB and GMAB riders,
refer to Note 7. The Company uses derivatives to manage the equity market risks embedded in
the GMWB riders. The increase in embedded derivatives associated with GMWB riders is
primarily due to additional product sales. The increase in embedded derivatives associated
with GMAB riders is primarily due to additional product sales as well as appreciation of the
Japanese yen as compared to the U.S. dollar. The increase in GMWB hedging derivatives was
primarily related to a customized swap contract that was entered into during the three months
ended June, 30, 2008, with a notional value of $3.6 billion. This customized derivative
contract provides protection from capital market risks based on policyholder behavior
assumptions as specified by the Company. This new swap brings the total notional of these
customized swaps to $14.6 billion as of June 30, 2008. |
|
|
|
The notional amount related to credit derivatives declined since December 31, 2007,
primarily due to terminations and maturities of credit derivatives, which reduced the overall
net credit exposure assumed by the Company through credit derivatives. |
The decrease in net fair value of derivative instruments since December 31, 2007, was primarily
related to GMWB derivatives as a result of the transition to SFAS 157 and liability model
assumption updates for mortality.
27
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
5. Investments and Derivative Instruments (continued)
Ineffectiveness on hedges that qualify for hedge accounting and the total change in value for
derivative-based strategies that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment (non-qualifying
strategies), including periodic derivative net coupon settlements, are reported in earnings and
are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Ineffectiveness on cash-flow hedges |
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
Ineffectiveness on fair-value hedges |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
Total change in value for non-qualifying strategies |
|
|
(279 |
) |
|
|
(259 |
) |
|
|
(1,018 |
) |
|
|
(243 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earnings impact, before tax |
|
$ |
(278 |
) |
|
$ |
(263 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,015 |
) |
|
$ |
(246 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The total change in value for non-qualifying strategies, including periodic derivative net coupon
settlements, are reported in net realized capital gains (losses). The circumstances giving rise to
the changes in these non-qualifying strategies are as follows:
|
|
For the three months ended June 30, 2008, net losses were primarily comprised of net losses
on the Japanese fixed annuity hedging instruments and credit default swaps. The net losses on
the Japanese fixed annuity hedging instruments were primarily due to a weakening of the
Japanese yen in comparison to the U.S. dollar as well as an increase in Japanese interest
rates. The net losses on credit default swaps were primarily due to credit spreads tightening
significantly on certain corporate entities referenced in single name credit default swaps
that are reducing credit risk. |
|
|
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, net losses were primarily comprised of net losses
on GMWB related derivatives and credit derivatives. The net losses on GMWB related
derivatives were primarily due to the transition to SFAS 157 and liability model assumption
updates for mortality. The net losses on credit derivatives were comprised of losses in the
first quarter on credit derivatives that assume credit exposure as a result of credit spreads
widening and losses in the second quarter on credit derivatives that reduce credit exposure as
a result of credit spreads tightening significantly on certain referenced corporate entities. |
|
|
|
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, net losses were primarily comprised of
net losses on GMWB related derivatives, the Japan fixed annuity hedging instruments, and
credit default swaps. The net losses on GMWB related derivatives were primarily due to
liability model assumption updates made during the second quarter to reflect newly reliable
market inputs for volatility and model refinements. The net losses on the Japanese fixed
annuity hedging instruments were primarily due to the Japanese yen weakening against the U.S.
dollar as well as an increase in Japanese interest rates. The net losses on credit default
swaps were a result of credit spreads widening. |
As of June 30, 2008, the before tax deferred net losses on derivative instruments recorded in AOCI
that are expected to be reclassified to earnings during the next twelve months are $19. This
expectation is based on the anticipated interest payments on hedged investments in fixed maturity
securities that will occur over the next twelve months, at which time the Company will recognize
the deferred net gains (losses) as an adjustment to interest income over the term of the investment
cash flows. The maximum term over which the Company is hedging its exposure to the variability of
future cash flows (for all forecasted transactions, excluding interest payments on existing
variable-rate financial instruments) is five years. For the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, the Company had $(4), before-tax, of net reclassifications from AOCI to earnings resulting from
the discontinuance of cash-flow hedges due to forecasted transactions that were no longer probable
of occurring. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, the Company had no net
reclassifications from AOCI to earnings resulting from the discontinuance of cash-flow hedges due
to forecasted transactions that were no longer probable of occurring.
28
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
6. Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Present Value of Future Profits
Changes in deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits by Life and
Property & Casualty were as follows:
Life
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Balance, January 1, before cumulative effect of accounting change, pre-tax |
|
$ |
10,514 |
|
|
$ |
9,071 |
|
Cumulative
effect of accounting change, pre-tax (SOP 05-1) [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(79 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, January 1, as adjusted |
|
|
10,514 |
|
|
|
8,992 |
|
Deferred costs |
|
|
841 |
|
|
|
1,046 |
|
Amortization Deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits [2] |
|
|
(230 |
) |
|
|
(653 |
) |
Adjustments to unrealized gains and losses on securities, available-for-sale and other |
|
|
490 |
|
|
|
186 |
|
Effect of currency translation adjustment |
|
|
91 |
|
|
|
(54 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, June 30 |
|
$ |
11,706 |
|
|
$ |
9,517 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The Companys cumulative effect of accounting change includes an additional $(1), pre-tax, related to sales inducements. |
|
[2] |
|
The decrease in amortization from the prior year period is due to lower actual gross profits resulting from increased
realized capital losses primarily from the adoption of SFAS 157 at the beginning of the first quarter of 2008. For further
discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, see Note 4. |
Property & Casualty
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Balance, January 1 |
|
$ |
1,228 |
|
|
$ |
1,197 |
|
Deferred costs |
|
|
1,062 |
|
|
|
1,071 |
|
Amortization Deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
(1,044 |
) |
|
|
(1,056 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, June 30 |
|
$ |
1,246 |
|
|
$ |
1,212 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
7. Separate Accounts, Death Benefits and Other Insurance Benefit Features
The Company records the variable portion of individual variable annuities, 401(k), institutional,
403(b)/457, private placement life and variable life insurance products within separate account
assets and liabilities. Separate account assets are reported at fair value. Separate account
liabilities are set equal to separate account assets. Separate account assets are segregated from
other investments. Investment income and gains and losses from those separate account assets, which
accrue directly to, and whereby investment risk is borne by the policyholder, are offset by the
related liability changes within the same line item in the condensed consolidated statements of
operations. The fees earned for administrative and contract holder maintenance services performed
for these separate accounts are included in fee income. For the three and six months ended June
30, 2008 and 2007, there were no gains or losses on transfers of assets from the general account to
the separate account.
Many of the variable annuity and universal life (UL) contracts issued by the Company offer
various guaranteed minimum death, withdrawal, income, accumulation, and UL secondary guarantee
benefits. UL secondary guarantee benefits ensure that your policy will not terminate, and will
continue to provide a death benefit, even if there is insufficient policy value to cover the
monthly deductions and charges. Guaranteed minimum death and income benefits are offered in
various forms as described in further detail throughout this Note 7. The Company currently
reinsures a portion of the death benefit guarantees associated with its in-force block of business.
Changes in the gross U.S. guaranteed minimum death benefit (GMDB), Japan GMDB/guaranteed minimum
income benefits (GMIB), and UL secondary guarantee benefits sold with annuity and/or UL products
accounted for and collectively known as SOP 03-1 reserve liabilities are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
UL Secondary |
|
|
|
U.S. GMDB [1] |
|
|
Japan GMDB/GMIB [1] |
|
|
Guarantees [1] |
|
Liability balance as of January 1, 2008 |
|
$ |
529 |
|
|
$ |
42 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
Incurred |
|
|
84 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
Paid |
|
|
(67 |
) |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liability balance as of June 30, 2008 |
|
$ |
546 |
|
|
$ |
44 |
|
|
$ |
25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The reinsurance recoverable asset related to the U.S. GMDB was $338 as of June 30, 2008.
The reinsurance recoverable asset related to the Japan GMDB was $7 as of June 30, 2008. The
reinsurance recoverable asset related to the UL Secondary Guarantees was $12 as of June 30,
2008. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
UL Secondary |
|
|
|
U.S. GMDB [1] |
|
|
Japan GMDB/GMIB [1] |
|
|
Guarantees [1] |
|
Liability balance as of January 1, 2007 |
|
$ |
475 |
|
|
$ |
35 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
Incurred |
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
Paid |
|
|
(44 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liability balance as of June 30, 2007 |
|
$ |
503 |
|
|
$ |
41 |
|
|
$ |
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The reinsurance recoverable asset related to the U.S. GMDB was $328 as of June 30, 2007.
The reinsurance recoverable asset related to the Japan GMDB was $6 as of June 30, 2007. The
reinsurance recoverable asset related to the UL Secondary Guarantees was $8 as of June 30,
2007. |
The net SOP 03-1 reserve liabilities are established by estimating the expected value of net
reinsurance costs and death and income benefits in excess of the projected account balance. The
excess death and income benefits and net reinsurance costs are recognized ratably over the
accumulation period based on total expected assessments. The SOP 03-1 reserve liabilities are
recorded in reserve for future policy benefits in the Companys condensed consolidated balance
sheets. Changes in the SOP 03-1 reserve liabilities are recorded in benefits, losses and loss
adjustment expenses in the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations. In a manner
consistent with the Companys accounting policy for deferred acquisition costs, the Company
regularly evaluates estimates used and adjusts the additional liability balances, with a related
charge or credit to benefit expense if actual experience or other evidence suggests that earlier
assumptions should be revised.
30
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
7. Separate Accounts, Death Benefits and Other Insurance Benefit Features (continued)
The following table provides details concerning GMDB and GMIB exposure as of June 30, 2008:
Breakdown of Individual Variable and Group Annuity Account Value by GMDB/GMIB Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retained Net |
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
Account |
|
|
Net Amount |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Attained Age of |
|
Maximum
anniversary value (MAV) [1] |
|
Value |
|
|
at Risk |
|
|
at Risk |
|
|
Annuitant |
|
MAV only |
|
$ |
38,870 |
|
|
$ |
6,128 |
|
|
$ |
1,486 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
With 5% rollup [2] |
|
|
2,772 |
|
|
|
509 |
|
|
|
173 |
|
|
|
65 |
|
With Earnings Protection Benefit Rider (EPB) [3] |
|
|
3,757 |
|
|
|
401 |
|
|
|
77 |
|
|
|
62 |
|
With 5% rollup & EPB |
|
|
1,118 |
|
|
|
151 |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total MAV |
|
|
46,517 |
|
|
|
7,189 |
|
|
|
1,765 |
|
|
|
|
|
Asset Protection Benefit (APB) [4] |
|
|
38,913 |
|
|
|
3,408 |
|
|
|
1,892 |
|
|
|
63 |
|
Lifetime Income Benefit (LIB) Death Benefit [5] |
|
|
11,084 |
|
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
63 |
|
Reset [6] (5-7 years) |
|
|
5,132 |
|
|
|
250 |
|
|
|
249 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
Return of Premium [7]/Other |
|
|
11,140 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subtotal U.S. Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits |
|
|
112,786 |
|
|
|
11,085 |
|
|
|
4,067 |
|
|
|
63 |
|
Japan Guaranteed Minimum Death and Income Benefit [8] |
|
|
35,910 |
|
|
|
2,192 |
|
|
|
1,706 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total at June 30, 2008 |
|
$ |
148,696 |
|
|
$ |
13,277 |
|
|
$ |
5,773 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
MAV: the death benefit is the greatest of current account value, net premiums paid and the highest account value on any
anniversary before age 80 (adjusted for withdrawals). |
|
[2] |
|
Rollup: the death benefit is the greatest of the MAV, current account value, net premium paid and premiums (adjusted for
withdrawals) accumulated at generally 5% simple interest up to the earlier of age 80 or 100% of adjusted premiums. |
|
[3] |
|
EPB: the death benefit is the greatest of the MAV, current account value, or contract value plus a percentage of the
contracts growth. The contracts growth is account value less premiums net of withdrawals, subject to a cap of 200% of
premiums net of withdrawals. |
|
[4] |
|
APB: the death benefit is the greater of current account value or MAV, not to exceed current account value plus 25% times
the greater of net premiums and MAV (each adjusted for premiums in the past 12 months). |
|
[5] |
|
LIB: the death benefit is the greatest of current account value, net premiums paid, or for certain contracts a benefit
amount that ratchets over time, generally based on market performance. |
|
[6] |
|
Reset: the death benefit is the greatest of current account value, net premiums paid and the most recent five to seven
year anniversary account value before age 80 (adjusted for withdrawals). |
|
[7] |
|
Return of premium: the death benefit is the greater of current account value and net premiums paid. |
|
[8] |
|
Death benefits include a Return of Premium and MAV (before age 80) paid in a single lump sum. The income benefit is a
guarantee to return initial investment, adjusted for earnings liquidity, paid through a fixed annuity, after a minimum
deferral period of 10, 15 or 20 years. The guaranteed remaining balance related to the Japan GMIB was $29.4 billion and
$26.8 billion as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. |
See Note 4 for a description of the Companys guaranteed living benefits that are accounted for at
fair value.
As of
June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the embedded
derivative liability recorded for GMWB, before
reinsurance or hedging, was $1.7 billion and $715, respectively. For the three months ended June
30, 2008 and 2007, the change in value of the GMWB, before reinsurance and hedging, reported in
realized gains (losses) was $317 and ($128), respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, the change in value of the GMWB, before reinsurance and hedging, reported in realized
losses was $(907) and ($62), respectively. Included in the realized losses for the six months ended
June 30, 2008 was the transition adjustment as a result of adopting SFAS 157 and changes in
mortality assumptions of ($736) and ($76), respectively. For further discussion of the SFAS 157
transition impact, refer to Note 4.
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the embedded derivative asset (liability) recorded for
GMAB, was $(23) and $2, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2008, the change in
value of the GMAB, reported in realized gains (losses) was $2. For the six months ended June 30,
2008, the change in value of the GMAB, reported in realized gains
(losses) was $(22). Included in
the realized gain (loss) for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was the transition adjustment as a
result of adopting SFAS 157 of ($24).
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $44.9 billion, or 84%, and $47.4 billion, or 83%,
respectively, of account value, with the GMWB feature were unreinsured. In order to reduce the
volatility associated with the unreinsured GMWB liabilities, the Company has established a risk
management strategy. The Company uses customized derivative contracts as well as other derivative
instruments to hedge its unreinsured GMWB exposure including interest rate futures and swaps,
variance swaps, S&P 500 and NASDAQ index options and futures contracts and EAFE Index swaps to
hedge GMWB exposure to international equity markets. The total (reinsured and unreinsured) GRB as
of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 was $48.4 billion and $45.9 billion, respectively.
31
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
7. Separate Accounts, Death Benefits and Other Insurance Benefit Features (continued)
A GMWB and/or GMAB contract is in the money if the contract holders GRB is greater than the
account value. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, 37.4% and 19.4%, respectively, of all
unreinsured U.S. GMWB in-force contracts were in the money. For U.S. and U.K. GMWB contracts
that were in the money the Companys exposure, after reinsurance, as of June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007, was $1.1 billion and $146, respectively. For GMAB contracts that were in the
money the Companys exposure, as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, was $245 and $38,
respectively.
However, the only ways the GMWB contract holder can monetize the excess of the GRB over the account
value of the contract is upon death or if their account value is reduced to a contractually
specified minimum level, through a combination of a series of withdrawals that do not exceed a
specific percentage of the premiums paid per year and market declines. If the account value is
reduced to the contractually specified minimum level, the contract holder will receive an annuity
equal to the remaining GRB. As the amount of the excess of the GRB over the account value can
fluctuate with equity market returns on a daily basis, the ultimate amount to be paid by the
Company, if any, is uncertain and could be significantly more or less than $1.1 billion.
For GMAB contracts, the only ways the contract holder can monetize the excess of the GRB over the
account value of the contract is upon death or by waiting until the end of the contractual deferral
period of 10 years. As the amount of the excess of the GRB over the account value can fluctuate
with equity market returns on a daily basis, the ultimate amount to be paid by the Company, if any,
is uncertain and could be significantly more or less than $245.
8. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
The Hartford is involved in claims litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, both as a
liability insurer defending or providing indemnity for third-party claims brought against insureds
and as an insurer defending coverage claims brought against it. The Hartford accounts for such
activity through the establishment of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense reserves. Subject to
the uncertainties discussed below under the caption Asbestos and Environmental Claims, management
expects that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to such ordinary-course claims
litigation, after consideration of provisions made for potential losses and costs of defense, will
not be material to the consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of The
Hartford.
The Hartford is also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert claims for
substantial amounts. These actions include, among others, putative state and federal class actions
seeking certification of a state or national class. Such putative class actions have alleged, for
example, underpayment of claims or improper underwriting practices in connection with various kinds
of insurance policies, such as personal and commercial automobile, property, life and inland
marine; improper sales practices in connection with the sale of life insurance and other investment
products; and improper fee arrangements in connection with investment products and structured
settlements. The Hartford also is involved in individual actions in which punitive damages are
sought, such as claims alleging bad faith in the handling of insurance claims. Like many other
insurers, The Hartford also has been joined in actions by asbestos plaintiffs asserting, among
other things, that insurers had a duty to protect the public from the dangers of asbestos and that
insurers committed unfair trade practices by asserting defenses on behalf of their policyholders in
the underlying asbestos cases. Management expects that the ultimate liability, if any, with
respect to such lawsuits, after consideration of provisions made for estimated losses, will not be
material to the consolidated financial condition of The Hartford. Nonetheless, given the large or
indeterminate amounts sought in certain of these actions, and the inherent unpredictability of
litigation, an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse
effect on the Companys consolidated results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or
annual periods.
Broker Compensation Litigation Following the New York Attorney Generals filing of a civil
complaint against Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., and Marsh, Inc. (collectively, Marsh) in
October 2004 alleging that certain insurance companies, including The Hartford, participated with
Marsh in arrangements to submit inflated bids for business insurance and paid contingent
commissions to ensure that Marsh would direct business to them, private plaintiffs brought several
lawsuits against the Company predicated on the allegations in the Marsh complaint, to which the
Company was not party. Among these is a multidistrict litigation in the United States District
Court for the District of New Jersey. There are two consolidated amended complaints filed in the
multidistrict litigation, one related to conduct in connection with the sale of property-casualty
insurance and the other related to alleged conduct in connection with the sale of group benefits
products. The Company and various of its subsidiaries are named in both complaints. The
complaints assert, on behalf of a putative class of persons who purchased insurance through broker
defendants, claims under the Sherman Act, the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
(RICO), state law, and in the case of the group-benefits products complaint, claims under the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). The claims are predicated upon
allegedly undisclosed or otherwise improper payments of contingent commissions to the broker
defendants to steer business to the insurance company defendants. The district court has dismissed
the Sherman Act and RICO claims in both complaints for failure to state a claim and has granted the
defendants motions for summary judgment on the ERISA claims in the group-benefits products
complaint. The district court further has declined to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over the
state law claims, has dismissed those state law claims without prejudice, and has closed both
cases. The plaintiffs have appealed the dismissal of claims in both consolidated amended
complaints, except the ERISA claims.
32
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
8. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)
The Company is also a defendant in two consolidated securities actions and two consolidated
derivative actions filed in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. The
consolidated securities actions assert claims on behalf of a putative class of shareholders
alleging that the Company and certain of its executive officers violated Section 10(b) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 by failing to disclose to the investing public that
The Hartfords business and growth was predicated on the unlawful activity alleged in the New York
Attorney Generals complaint against Marsh. The consolidated derivative actions, brought by
shareholders on behalf of the Company against its directors and an additional executive officer,
allege that the defendants knew adverse non-public information about the activities alleged in the
Marsh complaint and concealed and misappropriated that information to make profitable stock trades
in violation of their duties to the Company. In July 2006, the district court granted defendants
motion to dismiss the consolidated securities actions. The plaintiffs have appealed that decision.
Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated derivative actions in May 2005, and the
plaintiffs have agreed to stay further proceedings until after the resolution of the appeal from
the dismissal of the securities action.
In September 2007, the Ohio Attorney General filed a civil action in Ohio state court alleging that
certain insurance companies, including The Hartford, conspired with Marsh in violation of Ohios
antitrust statute. The trial court denied the defendants motion to dismiss the complaint in July
2008. The Company disputes the allegations and intends to defend this action vigorously.
Fair
Credit Reporting Act Class Action In February 2007, the United States District Court for the
District of Oregon gave final approval of the Companys settlement of a lawsuit brought on behalf
of a class of homeowners and automobile policy holders alleging that the Company willfully violated
the Fair Credit Reporting Act by failing to send appropriate notices to new customers whose initial
rates were higher than they would have been had the customer had a more favorable credit report.
The settlement was made on a claim-in, nationwide-class basis and required eligible class members
to return valid claim forms postmarked no later than June 28, 2007. The Company has paid
approximately $86.5 to eligible claimants in connection with the settlement. The Company has
sought reimbursement from the Companys Excess Professional Liability Insurance Program for the
portion of the settlement in excess of the Companys $10 self-insured retention. Certain insurance
carriers participating in that program have disputed coverage for the settlement, and one of the
excess insurers has commenced an arbitration to resolve the dispute. Management believes it is
probable that the Companys coverage position ultimately will be sustained.
Call-Center Patent Litigation In June 2007, the holder of twenty-one patents related to automated
call flow processes, Ronald A. Katz Technology Licensing, LP (Katz), brought an action against
the Company and various of its subsidiaries in the United States District Court for the Southern
District of New York. The action alleges that the Companys call centers use automated processes
that willfully infringe the Katz patents. Katz previously has brought similar patent-infringement
actions against a wide range of other companies, none of which has reached a final adjudication of
the merits of the plaintiffs claims, but many of which have resulted in settlements under which
the defendants agreed to pay licensing fees. The case has been transferred to a multidistrict
litigation in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, which is
currently presiding over other Katz patent cases. The Company disputes the allegations and intends
to defend this action vigorously.
Asbestos and Environmental Claims As discussed in Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, of the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption Asbestos and Environmental Claims,
included in the Companys 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report, The Hartford continues to receive asbestos
and environmental claims that involve significant uncertainty regarding policy coverage issues.
Regarding these claims, The Hartford continually reviews its overall reserve levels and reinsurance
coverages, as well as the methodologies it uses to estimate its exposures. Because of the
significant uncertainties that limit the ability of insurers and reinsurers to estimate the
ultimate reserves necessary for unpaid losses and related expenses, particularly those related to
asbestos, the ultimate liabilities may exceed the currently recorded reserves. Any such additional
liability cannot be reasonably estimated now but could be material to The Hartfords consolidated
operating results, financial condition and liquidity.
33
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
9. Pension Plans and Postretirement Health Care and Life Insurance Benefit Plans
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
Total net periodic benefit cost for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 include the
following components:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension Benefits |
|
|
Other Postretirement Benefits |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Service cost |
|
$ |
30 |
|
|
$ |
29 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
Interest cost |
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
Expected return on plan assets |
|
|
(69 |
) |
|
|
(70 |
) |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
Amortization of prior service credit |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
Amortization of actuarial loss |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net periodic benefit cost |
|
$ |
32 |
|
|
$ |
39 |
|
|
$ |
5 |
|
|
$ |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net periodic benefit cost for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 include the
following components:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension Benefits |
|
|
Other Postretirement Benefits |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Service cost |
|
$ |
60 |
|
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
Interest cost |
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
Expected return on plan assets |
|
|
(138 |
) |
|
|
(140 |
) |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
Amortization of prior service credit |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(3 |
) |
Amortization of actuarial loss |
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net periodic benefit cost |
|
$ |
60 |
|
|
$ |
68 |
|
|
$ |
8 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. Stock Compensation Plans
The Company has two primary stock-based compensation plans, The Hartford 2005 Incentive Stock Plan
and The Hartford Employee Stock Purchase Plan. For a description of these plans, see Note 18 of
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Shares issued in satisfaction of stock-based compensation may be made available from authorized but
unissued shares, shares held by the Company in treasury or from shares purchased in the open
market. In 2008, the Company issues shares from treasury in satisfaction of stock-based
compensation. In 2007, the Company issued new shares in satisfaction of stock-based compensation.
The compensation expense recognized for the stock-based compensation plans was $21 and $19 for the
three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $39 and $39 for the six months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The income tax benefit recognized for stock-based
compensation plans was $6 and $6 for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively,
and $12 and $13 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company did not
capitalize any cost of stock-based compensation. As of June 30, 2008, the total compensation cost
related to non-vested awards not yet recognized was $97, which is expected to be recognized over a
weighted average period of 2.1 years.
34
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
11. Debt
Senior Notes
On May 12, 2008, The Hartford issued $500 of 6.0% senior notes due January 15, 2019.
On March 4, 2008, The Hartford issued $500 of 6.3% senior notes due March 15, 2018.
Junior Subordinated Debentures
On June 6, 2008, the Company issued $500 aggregate principal amount of 8.125% fixed-to-floating
rate junior subordinated debentures (the debentures) due June 15, 2068 for net proceeds of
approximately $493, after deducting underwriting discounts and expense of the offering. The
debentures bear interest at an annual fixed rate of 8.125% from the date of issuance to, but
excluding, June 15, 2018, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15. From and
including June 15, 2018, the debentures will bear interest at an annual rate, reset quarterly,
equal to three-month LIBOR plus 4.6025%, payable quarterly in arrears on March 15, June 15,
September 15 and December 15 of each year. The Company has the right, on one or more occasions, to
defer the payment of interest on the debentures. The Company may defer interest for up to ten
consecutive years without giving rise to an event of default. Deferred interest will accumulate
additional interest at an annual rate equal to the annual interest rate then applicable to the
debentures. If the Company defers interest for five consecutive years or, if earlier, pays current
interest during a deferral period, which may be paid from any source of funds, the Company will be
required to pay deferred interest from proceeds from the sale of certain qualifying securities.
The debentures carry a scheduled maturity date of June 15, 2038 and a final maturity date of June
15, 2068. During the 180-day period ending on a notice date not more than fifteen and not less than
ten business days prior to the scheduled maturity date, the Company is required to use commercially
reasonable efforts to sell certain qualifying replacement securities sufficient to permit repayment
of the debentures at the scheduled maturity date. If any debentures remain outstanding after the
scheduled maturity date, the unpaid amount will remain outstanding until the Company has raised
sufficient proceeds from the sale of qualifying replacement securities to permit the repayment in
full of the debentures. If there are remaining debentures at the final maturity date, the Company
is required to redeem the debentures using any source of funds.
Subject to the replacement capital covenant described below, the Company can redeem the debentures
at its option, in whole or in part, at any time on or after June 15, 2018 at a redemption price of
100% of the principal amount being redeemed plus accrued but unpaid interest. The Company can
redeem the debentures at its option prior to June 15, 2018 (a) in whole at any time or in part from
time to time or (b) in whole, but not in part, in the event of certain tax or rating agency events
relating to the debentures, at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal
amount being redeemed and the applicable make-whole amount, in each case plus any accrued and
unpaid interest.
In connection with the offering of the debentures, the Company entered into a replacement capital
covenant for the benefit of holders of one or more designated series of the Companys
indebtedness, initially the Companys 6.1% notes due 2041. Under the terms of the replacement
capital covenant, if the Company redeems the debentures at any time prior to June 15, 2048 it can
only do so with the proceeds from the sale of certain qualifying replacement securities.
Consumer Notes
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $1,113 and $809, respectively, of consumer notes were
outstanding. As of June 30, 2008, these consumer notes have interest rates ranging from 4.0% to
6.3% for fixed notes and, for variable notes, either consumer price index plus 80 to 267 basis
points, or indexed to the S&P 500, Dow Jones Industrials or the Nikkei 225. For the three months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, interest credited to holders of consumer notes was $14 and $6,
respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, interest credited to holders of
consumer notes was $26 and $11, respectively.
For additional information regarding consumer notes, see Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
35
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
12. Stockholders Equity
Common Stock
During the three months ended June 30, 2008, The Hartford repurchased $871 (11.7 million shares),
of which $500 (6.3 million shares) was repurchased under an accelerated share repurchase
transaction described below. From July 1, 2008 through July 18, 2008, The Hartford repurchased an
additional $129 (2.0 million shares) for total share repurchases of $1.0 billion (13.7 million
shares) in 2008.
On June 4, 2008, the Company entered into a collared accelerated share repurchase agreement (ASR)
with a major financial institution. Under the terms of the agreement, The Hartford paid $500 and
initially received a minimum number of shares based on a maximum or capped share price. The
Company funded this payment with proceeds from the offering of the junior subordinated debentures
(see Note 11). The Hartford initially received 6.3 million shares of common stock based on the
cap price which were recorded to Treasury Stock and deducted on a weighted basis from the number
of shares outstanding as of June 30, 2008 in calculating earnings per share. The actual per share
purchase price and the final number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the volume
weighted average price, or VWAP, of the Companys common stock, not to be fixed above a cap price
nor fall lower than a floor price. Additional shares that may be delivered to The Hartford and the
average price paid for all shares repurchased during the ASR will be determined by the Companys
stock price activity through the final averaging date, not less than 22 and not more than 66
exchange trading days from June 11, 2008. Had the contract settled on June 30, 2008, the Company
would have received an additional 1.0 million shares. The Company has accounted for this
transaction in accordance with EITF Issue No. 99-7, Accounting for an Accelerated Share Repurchase
Program.
Also in June 2008, The Hartfords Board of Directors authorized a new $1 billion stock repurchase
program which is in addition to the previously announced $2 billion program. The Companys
repurchase authorization permits purchases of common stock, which may be in the open market or
through privately negotiated transactions. The Company also may enter into derivative transactions
to facilitate future repurchases of common stock. The timing of any future repurchases will be
dependent upon several factors, including the market price of the Companys securities, the
Companys capital position, consideration of the effect of any repurchases on the Companys
financial strength or credit ratings, and other corporate considerations. The repurchase program
may be modified, extended or terminated by the Board of Directors at any time. As of June 30,
2008, The Hartford has completed the $2 billion stock repurchase program and has $936 remaining for
stock repurchase under the new $1 billion repurchase program.
13. Subsequent Event
During July 2008, the Company reinsured, with a third party, GMWB risks associated with
approximately $7.8 billion of account value sold between 2003 and 2006. The reinsurance agreement
is an 80% quota-share agreement. The reinsurance agreement will be accounted for as a free-standing
derivative.
36
Item 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollar amounts in millions except share data unless otherwise stated)
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A)
addresses the financial condition of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. and its
subsidiaries (collectively, The Hartford or the Company) as of June 30, 2008, compared with
December 31, 2007, and its results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
compared to the equivalent 2007 periods. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the
MD&A in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Certain of the statements contained herein are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking
statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995 and include estimates and assumptions related to economic, competitive and
legislative developments. These forward-looking statements are subject to change and uncertainty
which are, in many instances, beyond the Companys control and have been made based upon
managements expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effect
upon the Company. There can be no assurance that future developments will be in accordance with
managements expectations or that the effect of future developments on The Hartford will be those
anticipated by management. Actual results could differ materially from those expected by the
Company, depending on the outcome of various factors, including, but not limited to, those set
forth in Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors of The Hartfords Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended March 31, 2008 as well as Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in The Hartfords 2007 Form
10-K Annual Report. These factors include: the difficulty in predicting the Companys potential
exposure for asbestos and environmental claims; the possible occurrence of terrorist attacks; the
response of reinsurance companies under reinsurance contracts and the availability, pricing and
adequacy of reinsurance to protect the Company against losses; changes in financial and capital
markets, including changes in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices and foreign exchange
rates; the inability to effectively mitigate the impact of equity market volatility on the
Companys financial position and results of operations arising from obligations under annuity
product guarantees; the possibility of unfavorable loss development; the incidence and severity of
catastrophes, both natural and man-made; stronger than anticipated competitive activity;
unfavorable judicial or legislative developments; the potential effect of domestic and foreign
regulatory developments, including those which could increase the Companys business costs and
required capital levels; the possibility of general economic and business conditions that are less
favorable than anticipated; the Companys ability to distribute its products through distribution
channels, both current and future; the uncertain effects of emerging claim and coverage issues; a
downgrade in the Companys financial strength or credit ratings; the ability of the Companys
subsidiaries to pay dividends to the Company; the Companys ability to adequately price its
property and casualty policies; the ability to recover the Companys systems and information in the
event of a disaster or other unanticipated event; potential for difficulties arising from
outsourcing relationships; potential changes in federal or state tax laws, including changes
impacting the availability of the separate account dividend received deduction; losses due to
defaults by others; the Companys ability to protect its intellectual property and defend against
claims of infringement; and other factors described in such forward-looking statements.
INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
Overview |
|
|
37 |
|
Critical Accounting Estimates |
|
|
38 |
|
Consolidated Results of Operations |
|
|
44 |
|
Life |
|
|
48 |
|
Retail |
|
|
56 |
|
Individual Life |
|
|
59 |
|
Retirement Plans |
|
|
61 |
|
Group Benefits |
|
|
64 |
|
International |
|
|
66 |
|
Institutional |
|
|
68 |
|
Other |
|
|
70 |
|
Property & Casualty |
|
|
71 |
|
Total Property & Casualty |
|
|
83 |
|
Ongoing Operations |
|
|
84 |
|
Personal Lines |
|
|
89 |
|
Small Commercial |
|
|
95 |
|
Middle Market |
|
|
100 |
|
Specialty Commercial |
|
|
105 |
|
Other Operations (Including Asbestos and
Environmental Claims) |
|
|
110 |
|
Investments |
|
|
115 |
|
Investment Credit Risk |
|
|
122 |
|
Capital Markets Risk Management |
|
|
131 |
|
Capital Resources and Liquidity |
|
|
135 |
|
Accounting Standards |
|
|
139 |
|
OVERVIEW
The Hartford is a diversified insurance and financial services company with operations dating back
to 1810. The Company is headquartered in Connecticut and is organized into two major operations:
Life and Property & Casualty, each containing reporting segments. Within the Life and Property &
Casualty operations, The Hartford conducts business principally in eleven reporting segments.
Corporate primarily includes the Companys debt financing and related interest expense, as well as
other capital raising activities and purchase accounting adjustments. Many of the principal
factors that drive the profitability of The Hartfords Life and Property & Casualty operations are
separate and distinct. Management considers this diversification to be a strength of The Hartford
that distinguishes the Company from its peers. To present its operations in a more meaningful and
organized way, management has included separate overviews within the Life and Property & Casualty
sections of MD&A. For further overview of Lifes profitability and analysis, see page 48. For
further overview of Property & Casualtys profitability and analysis, see page 71.
37
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent
assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company has identified the following estimates as critical in that they involve a higher degree
of judgment and are subject to a significant degree of variability: property and casualty reserves,
net of reinsurance; life estimated gross profits used in the valuation and amortization of assets
and liabilities associated with variable annuity and other universal life-type contracts; living
benefits required to be fair valued; valuation of investments and derivative instruments;
evaluation of other-than-temporary impairments on available-for-sale securities; pension and other
postretirement benefit obligations; and contingencies relating to corporate litigation and
regulatory matters. In developing these estimates management makes subjective and complex
judgments that are inherently uncertain and subject to material change as facts and circumstances
develop. Although variability is inherent in these estimates, management believes the amounts
provided are appropriate based upon the facts available upon compilation of the financial
statements. For a discussion of the critical accounting estimates not discussed below, see MD&A in
The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Life Estimated Gross Profits Used in the Valuation and Amortization of Assets and
Liabilities Associated with Variable Annuity and Other Universal Life-Type Contracts
Accounting Policy and Assumptions
Lifes deferred policy acquisition costs asset and present value of future profits (PVFP)
intangible asset (hereafter, referred to collectively as DAC) related to investment contracts and
universal life-type contracts (including variable annuities) are amortized in the same way, over
the estimated life of the contracts acquired using the retrospective deposit method. Under the
retrospective deposit method, acquisition costs are amortized in proportion to the present value of
estimated gross profits (EGPs). EGPs are also used to amortize other assets and liabilities on
the Companys balance sheet, such as sales inducement assets and unearned revenue reserves (URR).
Components of EGPs are used to determine reserves for guaranteed minimum death, income and
universal life secondary guarantee benefits accounted for and collectively referred to as SOP 03-1
reserves. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the carrying value of the Companys Life DAC
asset was $11.7 billion and $10.5 billion, respectively. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007,
the carrying value of the Companys sales inducement asset was $544 and $467, respectively. At
June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the carrying value of the Companys unearned revenue reserve
was $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the
carrying value of the Companys SOP 03-1 reserves were $615 and $590, respectively. The specific
breakdown of the most significant balances by segment is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Individual Variable Annuities |
|
|
Individual Variable Annuities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. |
|
|
Japan |
|
|
Individual Life |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
DAC |
|
$ |
5,052 |
|
|
$ |
4,982 |
|
|
$ |
1,861 |
|
|
$ |
1,760 |
|
|
$ |
2,502 |
|
|
$ |
2,309 |
|
Sales Inducements |
|
$ |
449 |
|
|
$ |
390 |
|
|
$ |
13 |
|
|
$ |
8 |
|
|
$ |
27 |
|
|
$ |
20 |
|
URR |
|
$ |
130 |
|
|
$ |
124 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
958 |
|
|
$ |
816 |
|
SOP 03-1 reserves |
|
$ |
544 |
|
|
$ |
527 |
|
|
$ |
44 |
|
|
$ |
42 |
|
|
$ |
25 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
For most contracts, the Company estimates gross profits over a 20 year horizon as estimated profits
emerging subsequent to that timeframe are immaterial. The Company uses other amortization bases
for amortizing DAC, such as gross costs (net of reinsurance), as a replacement for EGPs when EGPs
are expected to be negative for multiple years of the contracts life. Actual gross profits, in a
given reporting period, that vary from managements initial estimates result in increases or
decreases in the rate of amortization, commonly referred to as a true-up, which are recorded in
the current period. The true-up recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 was an
increase to amortization of $28, and $53, respectively. The true-up recorded for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2007 was a decrease to amortization of $7 and $6, respectively.
Products sold in a particular year are aggregated into cohorts. Future gross profits for each
cohort are projected over the estimated lives of the underlying contracts, and are, to a large
extent, a function of future account value projections for variable annuity products and to a
lesser extent for variable universal life products. The projection of future account values
requires the use of certain assumptions. The assumptions considered to be important in the
projection of future account value, and hence the EGPs, include separate
account fund performance, which is impacted by separate account fund mix, less fees assessed
against the contract holders account balance, surrender and lapse rates, interest margin,
mortality, and hedging costs. The assumptions are developed as part of an annual process and are
dependent upon the Companys current best estimates of future events. The Companys current
separate account return assumption is approximately 8% (after fund fees, but before mortality and
expense charges) for U.S. products and 5% (after fund fees, but before mortality and expense
charges) in aggregate for all Japanese products, but varies from product to product. Beginning in
2007, the Company estimated gross profits using the mean of EGPs derived from a set of stochastic
scenarios that have been calibrated to our estimated separate account return as compared to prior
years where we used a single deterministic estimation.
38
Estimating future gross profits is a complex process requiring considerable judgment and the
forecasting of events well into the future. The estimation process, the underlying assumptions and
the resulting EGPs, are evaluated regularly.
The Company plans to complete a comprehensive assumption study and refine its estimate of future
gross profits during the third quarter of each year. Upon completion of an assumption study, the
Company revises its assumptions to reflect its current best estimate, thereby changing its estimate
of projected account values and the related EGPs in the DAC, sales inducement and unearned revenue
reserve amortization models as well as SOP 03-1 reserving models. The DAC asset, as well as the
sales inducement asset, unearned revenue reserves and SOP 03-1 reserves are adjusted with an
offsetting benefit or charge to income to reflect such changes in the period of the revision, a
process known as unlocking. An unlock that results in an after-tax benefit generally occurs as a
result of actual experience or future expectations of product profitability being favorable
compared to previous estimates. An unlock that results in an after-tax charge generally occurs as
a result of actual experience or future expectations of product profitability being unfavorable
compared to previous estimates.
In addition to when a comprehensive assumption study is completed, revisions to best estimate
assumptions used to estimate future gross profits are necessary when the EGPs in the Companys
models fall outside of an independently determined reasonable range of EGPs. The Company performs
a quantitative process each quarter to determine the reasonable range of EGPs. This process
involves the use of internally developed models, which run a large number of stochastically
determined scenarios of separate account fund performance. Incorporated in each scenario are
assumptions with respect to lapse rates, mortality and expenses, based on the Companys most recent
assumption study. These scenarios are run for the Companys individual variable annuity businesses
in the United States and Japan, the Companys Retirement Plans businesses, and for the Companys
individual variable universal life business and are used to calculate statistically significant
ranges of reasonable EGPs. The statistical ranges produced from the stochastic scenarios are
compared to the present value of EGPs used in the Companys models. If EGPs used in the Companys
models fall outside of the statistical ranges of reasonable EGPs, an unlock would be necessary.
If EGPs used in the Companys models fall inside of the statistical ranges of reasonable EGPs, the
Company will not solely rely on the results of the quantitative analysis to determine the necessity
of an unlock. In addition, the Company considers, on a quarterly basis, other qualitative factors
such as product, regulatory and policyholder behavior trends and may also revise EGPs if those
trends are expected to be significant and were not or could not be included in the statistically
significant ranges of reasonable EGPs.
Sensitivity Analysis
The Company performs sensitivity analyses with respect to the effect certain assumptions have on
EGPs and the related DAC, sales inducement, unearned revenue reserve and SOP 03-1 reserve balances.
Each of the sensitivities illustrated below are estimated individually, without consideration for
any correlation among the key assumptions. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to take each of
the sensitivity amounts below and add them together in an attempt to estimate volatility for the
respective EGP-related balances in total. In addition, the tables below only provide sensitivities
on separate account returns and lapses. While those two assumptions are critical in projecting
EGPs, as described above, many additional assumptions are necessary to project EGPs and to
determine an unlock amount. As a result, actual unlock amounts may vary from those calculated by
using the sensitivities below. The following tables depict the estimated sensitivities for U.S.
variable annuities and Japan variable annuities:
U.S. Variable Annuities
(Increasing
separate account returns and decreasing lapse rates generally result in benefits. Decreasing separate account returns and increasing lapse rates generally result in charges.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect on EGP-related |
|
|
|
balances if unlocked |
|
|
|
(after-tax) [1] |
|
If actual separate account returns were 1% above or below our aggregated estimated return |
|
$ |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
35 |
[3] |
If actual lapse rates were 1% above or below our estimated aggregate lapse rate |
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
25 |
[2] |
If we
changed our future separate account return rate by 1% from our aggregated estimated future return |
|
$ |
80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
100 |
|
If we changed our future lapse rate by 1% from our estimated aggregate future lapse rate |
|
$ |
70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
90 |
[2] |
39
Japan Variable Annuities
(Increasing separate account returns and decreasing lapse rates generally result in benefits. Decreasing
separate account returns and increasing lapse rates generally result in charges.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect on EGP-related |
|
|
balances if unlocked |
|
|
(after-tax) [1] |
If actual separate account returns were 1% above or below our aggregated estimated return |
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
7 |
[4][5] |
If actual lapse rates were 1% above or below our estimated aggregate lapse rate |
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
5 |
[2] |
If we changed our future separate account return rate by 1% from our aggregated
estimated future return |
|
$ |
15 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
25 |
|
If we changed our future lapse rate by 1% from our estimated aggregate future lapse rate |
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
20 |
[2] |
|
|
|
[1] |
|
These sensitivities are reflective of the results of our 2007
assumption studies. The 2008 assumption studies will be completed in
the third quarter of 2008. The Companys EGP models assume that
separate account returns are earned linearly and that lapses occur
linearly (except for certain dynamic lapse features) throughout the
year. Similarly, the sensitivities assume that differential separate
account and lapse rates are linear and parallel and persist for one
year from the date of our third quarter 2007 unlock, and reflect all
current in-force and account value data, including the
corresponding market levels, allocation of funds, policyholder
behavior and actuarial assumptions. These
sensitivities are not perfectly linear nor perfectly symmetrical for
increases and decreases. As such, extrapolating results over a wide range will
decrease the accuracy of the sensitivities predictive ability. For
example, actual separate account returns which vary significantly from
our estimated return tend to track more closely with the upper end of
our sensitivity range. Actual separate account returns that vary
insignificantly from our estimated return tend to track more closely
with the lower end of our sensitivity range. Sensitivity results are,
in part, based on the current in-the-moneyness of various guarantees
offered with the products. Future market conditions could
significantly change the sensitivity results. |
|
[2] |
|
Sensitivity around lapses assumes lapses increase or decrease
consistently across all cohort years and products. Actual lapses for
U.S. variable annuities and Japan variable annuities for the period
from August 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008 have not been significantly
different from our estimated aggregate lapse rate for the same period. |
|
[3] |
|
The overall actual return generated by the U.S. variable annuity
separate accounts is dependent on several factors, including the
relative mix of the underlying sub-accounts among bond funds and
equity funds as well as equity sector weightings and as a result of
the large proportion of separate account assets invested in U.S.
equity markets, the Companys overall U.S. separate account fund
performance has been reasonably correlated to the overall performance
of the S&P 500 although no assurance can be provided that this
correlation will continue in the future. The actual separate account
return during the period from August 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008 was
approximately (8%). For the eleven months ended June 30, 2008, since
our last assumption study, this separate account return was
approximately 16% below our aggregated estimated return for the same
period. |
|
[4] |
|
The overall actual return generated by the Japan variable annuity
separate accounts is influenced by the variable annuity products
offered in Japan as well as the wide variety of funds offered within
the sub-accounts of those products. The actual return is also
dependent upon the relative mix of the underlying sub-accounts among
the funds. Unlike in the U.S., there is no global index or market
that reasonably correlates with the overall Japan actual separate
account fund performance. The actual separate account return during
the period from August 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008 was approximately
(6%). For the eleven months ended June 30, 2008, since our last
assumption study, this separate account return was approximately 11%
below our aggregated estimated return for the same period. |
|
[5] |
|
For the Companys 3Win product in Japan, significant equity market movements, either up to
the contract holders specified appreciation target or down by
more than 20% of the actual
deposit, provide the contract holder with an option to withdraw their account value without
penalty. The exercise of these options may result in an acceleration of the amount of DAC
amortization in a specific reporting period. As of June 30,
2008, the Company had $220 of DAC
associated with the Japan 3Win product. |
An unlock only revises EGPs to reflect current best estimate assumptions. With or without an
unlock, and even after an unlock occurs, the Company must also test the aggregate recoverability of
the DAC and sales inducement assets by comparing the original amounts deferred to the present value
of total EGPs (both actual past gross profits and estimates of future gross profits). In addition,
the Company routinely stress tests its DAC and sales inducement assets for recoverability against
severe declines in its separate account assets, which could occur if the equity markets experienced
a significant sell-off, as the majority of policyholders funds in the separate accounts is
invested in the equity market. As of June 30, 2008, the Company believed U.S. individual and Japan
individual variable annuity separate account assets could fall, through a combination of negative
market returns, lapses and mortality, by at least 44.3% and 69.3%, respectively, before portions of
its DAC and sales inducement assets would be unrecoverable.
40
Valuation of Investments and Derivative Instruments
The Hartfords investments in fixed maturities include bonds, redeemable preferred stock and
commercial paper. These investments, along with certain equity securities, which include common
and non-redeemable preferred stocks, are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair
value. The after-tax difference from cost or amortized cost is reflected in stockholders equity
as a component of AOCI, after adjustments for the effect of deducting the life and pension
policyholders share of the immediate participation guaranteed contracts and certain life and
annuity deferred policy acquisition costs and reserve adjustments. The equity investments
associated with the variable annuity products offered in Japan are recorded at fair value and are
classified as trading with changes in fair value recorded in net investment income. Policy loans
are carried at outstanding balance, which approximates fair value. Mortgage loans on real estate
are recorded at the outstanding principal balance adjusted for amortization of premiums or
discounts and net of valuation allowances, if any. Short-term investments are carried at amortized
cost, which approximates fair value. Other investments primarily consist of limited partnership
and other alternative investments and derivatives instruments. Limited partnerships are reported
at their carrying value with the change in carrying value accounted for under the equity method and
accordingly the Companys share of earnings are included in net investment income. Derivatives
instruments are carried at fair value.
Valuation of Fixed Maturity, Short-term, and Equity Securities, Available-for-Sale
The fair value for fixed maturity, short-term, and equity securities, available-for-sale, is
determined by management after considering one of three primary sources of information: third party
pricing services, independent broker quotations, or pricing matrices. Security pricing is applied
using a waterfall approach whereby publicly available prices are first sought from third party
pricing services, the remaining unpriced securities are submitted to independent brokers for
prices, or lastly, securities are priced using a pricing matrix. Typical inputs used by these
three pricing methods include, but are not limited to, reported trades, benchmark yields, issuer
spreads, bids, offers, and/or estimated cash flows and prepayments speeds. Based on the typical
trading volumes and the lack of quoted market prices for fixed maturities, third party pricing
services will normally derive the security prices through recent reported trades for identical or
similar securities making adjustments through the reporting date based upon available market
observable information as outlined above. If there are no recent reported trades, the third party
pricing services and brokers may use matrix or model processes to develop a security price where
future cash flow expectations are developed based upon collateral performance and discounted at an
estimated market rate. Included in the pricing of asset-backed securities (ABS), collateralized
mortgage obligations (CMOs), and mortgage-backed securities (MBS) are estimates of the rate of
future prepayments of principal over the remaining life of the securities. Such estimates are
derived based on the characteristics of the underlying structure and prepayment speeds previously
experienced at the interest rate levels projected for the underlying collateral. Actual prepayment
experience may vary from these estimates.
Prices from third party pricing services are often unavailable for securities that are rarely
traded or are traded only in privately negotiated transactions. As a result, certain securities
are priced via independent broker quotations which utilize inputs that may be difficult to
corroborate with observable market based data. Additionally, the majority of these independent
broker quotations are non-binding. A pricing matrix is used to price securities for which the
Company is unable to obtain either a price from a third party pricing service or an independent
broker quotation. The pricing matrix begins with current spread levels to determine the market
price for the security. The credit spreads, as assigned by a knowledgeable private placement
broker, incorporate the issuers credit rating and a risk premium, if warranted, due to the
issuers industry and the securitys time to maturity. The issuer-specific yield adjustments,
which can be positive or negative, are updated twice per year, as of June 30 and December 31, by
the private placement broker and are intended to adjust security prices for issuer-specific
factors. The Company assigns a credit rating to these securities based upon an internal analysis
of the issuers financial strength.
The Company performs a monthly analysis on the prices and credit spreads received from third
parties to ensure that the prices represent a reasonable estimate of the fair value. This process
involves quantitative and qualitative analysis and is overseen by investment and accounting
professionals. Examples of procedures performed include, but are not limited to, initial and
on-going review of third party pricing services methodologies, review of pricing statistics and
trends, back testing recent trades, and monitoring of trading volumes. In addition, the Company
ensures whether prices received from independent brokers represent a reasonable estimate of fair
value through the use of internal and external cash flow models developed based on spreads, and
when available, market indices. As a result of this analysis, if the Company determines that there
is a more appropriate fair value based upon the available market data, the price received from the
third party is adjusted accordingly.
In accordance with SFAS 157, the Company has analyzed the third party pricing services valuation
methodologies and related inputs, and has also evaluated the various types of securities in its
investment portfolio to determine an appropriate SFAS 157 fair value hierarchy level based upon
trading activity and the observability of market inputs. For further discussion of SFAS 157, see
Note 4 in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Based on this, each price
was classified into Level 1, 2, or 3. Most prices provided by third party pricing services are
classified into Level 2 because the inputs used in pricing the securities are market observable.
Due to a general lack of transparency in the process that brokers use to develop prices, most
valuations that are based on brokers prices are classified as Level 3. Some valuations may be
classified as Level 2 if the price can be corroborated. Internal matrix priced securities,
primarily consisting of certain private placement debt, are also classified as Level 3. The matrix
pricing of certain private placement debt includes significant non-observable inputs, the
internally determined credit rating of the security and an externally provided credit spread.
41
The following table presents the fair value of fixed maturity, short-term and equity securities,
available-for-sale, by SFAS 157 hierarchy level as of June 30, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of Total |
|
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) |
|
$ |
1,138 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
% |
Significant observable inputs (Level 2) |
|
|
63,797 |
|
|
|
77.0 |
% |
Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) |
|
|
17,879 |
|
|
|
21.6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
82,814 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged
in a current transaction between knowledgeable, unrelated willing parties using inputs, including
assumptions and estimates, a market participant would utilize. As such, the estimated fair value
of a financial instrument may differ significantly from the amount that could be realized if the
security was sold immediately.
The following table presents the fair value of the significant asset sectors within the SFAS 157
Level 3 securities classification as of June 30, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of Total |
|
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
ABS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Below prime |
|
$ |
2,136 |
|
|
|
11.9 |
% |
Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) |
|
|
2,677 |
|
|
|
15.0 |
% |
Other |
|
|
996 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
% |
Corporate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Matrix priced |
|
|
5,245 |
|
|
|
29.3 |
% |
Other |
|
|
3,267 |
|
|
|
18.3 |
% |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) |
|
|
1,834 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
% |
Preferred stock |
|
|
1,139 |
|
|
|
6.3 |
% |
Other |
|
|
585 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Level 3 securities |
|
$ |
17,879 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ABS below prime primarily represents sub-prime and Alt-A securities which are classified as
Level 3 due to the lack of liquidity in the market. |
|
|
|
ABS CLOs represent senior secured bank loan CLOs which are primarily priced by independent
brokers. |
|
|
|
ABS Other primarily represents broker priced securities. |
|
|
|
Corporate matrix priced represents private placement securities that are thinly traded and
priced using a pricing matrix which includes significant non-observable inputs. |
|
|
|
Corporate other primarily represents broker priced securities which are thinly traded and
privately negotiated transactions. |
|
|
|
CMBS primarily represents CMBS collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) securities
classified as Level 3 due to the illiquidity of this sector. |
|
|
|
Preferred stock primarily represents illiquid perpetual preferred security transactions. |
Valuation of Derivative Instruments, excluding embedded derivatives within liability contracts
Derivative instruments are reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value and
are reported in Other Investments and Other Liabilities. Derivative instruments are fair valued
using pricing valuation models, which utilize market data inputs or independent broker quotations.
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, 97% and 89% of derivatives, respectively, based upon
notional values, were priced by valuation models, which utilize independent market data. The
remaining derivatives were priced by broker quotations. The derivatives are valued using
mid-market level inputs, with the exception of the customized swap contracts that hedge GMWB
liabilities, that are predominantly observable in the market. Inputs used to value derivatives
include, but are not limited to, interest swap rates, foreign currency forward and spot rates,
credit spreads and correlations, interest and equity volatility and equity index levels. The
Company performs a monthly analysis on derivative valuations which includes both quantitative and
qualitative analysis. Examples of procedures performed include, but are not limited to, review of
pricing statistics and trends, back testing recent trades, analyzing the impacts of changes in the
market environment, and review of changes in market value for each derivative including those
derivatives priced by brokers.
42
The following table presents the fair value and notional value of derivatives instruments by SFAS
157 hierarchy level as of June 30, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notional Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) |
|
$ |
955 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Significant observable inputs (Level 2) |
|
|
28,650 |
|
|
|
(253 |
) |
Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) |
|
|
28,020 |
|
|
|
389 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
57,625 |
|
|
$ |
136 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table presents the fair value and notional value of the derivative instruments within
the SFAS 157 Level 3 securities classification as of June 30, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notional Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Credit derivatives |
|
$ |
3,388 |
|
|
$ |
(481 |
) |
Interest derivatives |
|
|
3,627 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
Equity derivatives |
|
|
20,503 |
|
|
|
789 |
|
Other |
|
|
502 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Level 3 |
|
$ |
28,020 |
|
|
$ |
389 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivative instruments classified as Level 3 include complex derivatives, primarily consisting of
equity options and swaps, interest rate derivatives which have interest rate optionality, certain
credit default swaps, and long-dated interest rate swaps. These derivative instruments are valued
using pricing models which utilize both observable and unobservable inputs and, to a lesser extent,
broker quotations. A derivative instrument that is priced using both observable and unobservable
inputs will be classified as a Level 3 financial instrument in its entirety if the unobservable
input is significant in developing the price.
The Company utilizes derivative instruments to manage the risk associated with certain assets and
liabilities. However, the derivative instrument may not be classified with the same fair value
hierarchy level as the associated assets and liabilities.
43
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Earned premiums |
|
$ |
3,891 |
|
|
$ |
3,867 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
$ |
7,734 |
|
|
$ |
7,698 |
|
|
|
|
|
Fee income |
|
|
1,386 |
|
|
|
1,346 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
2,723 |
|
|
|
2,628 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
Net investment income (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securities available-for-sale and other |
|
|
1,230 |
|
|
|
1,336 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
|
|
2,423 |
|
|
|
2,609 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
Equity securities held for trading [1] |
|
|
1,153 |
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
1,444 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net investment income (loss) |
|
|
2,383 |
|
|
|
2,570 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
4,053 |
|
|
NM |
|
Other revenues |
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
245 |
|
|
|
242 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(282 |
) |
|
|
(248 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
%) |
|
|
(1,653 |
) |
|
|
(202 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
7,503 |
|
|
|
7,660 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
9,047 |
|
|
|
14,419 |
|
|
|
(37 |
%) |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
3,586 |
|
|
|
3,544 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
6,943 |
|
|
|
6,877 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment
expenses returns credited on
International variable annuities [1] |
|
|
1,153 |
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
1,444 |
|
|
NM |
|
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs and present value of future profits |
|
|
806 |
|
|
|
837 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
1,274 |
|
|
|
1,709 |
|
|
|
(25 |
%) |
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
1,047 |
|
|
|
965 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
1,997 |
|
|
|
1,853 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
Interest expense |
|
|
77 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
17 |
% |
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
Other expenses |
|
|
182 |
|
|
|
177 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
371 |
|
|
|
358 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
6,851 |
|
|
|
6,823 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,304 |
|
|
|
12,370 |
|
|
|
(33 |
%) |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
652 |
|
|
|
837 |
|
|
|
(22 |
%) |
|
|
743 |
|
|
|
2,049 |
|
|
|
(64 |
%) |
Income tax expense |
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
(48 |
%) |
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
546 |
|
|
|
(90 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
543 |
|
|
$ |
627 |
|
|
|
(13 |
%) |
|
$ |
688 |
|
|
$ |
1,503 |
|
|
|
(54 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Includes investment income and mark-to-market effects of equity securities held for trading
supporting the international variable annuity business, which are classified in net
investment income with corresponding amounts credited to policyholders within benefits,
losses and loss adjustment expenses. |
The Hartford defines NM as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%, or
changes from a net gain to a net loss position, or vice versa.
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Net income decreased $84 primarily due to a decrease of $95 from Property & Casualty partially
offset by an increase in Life of $16.
Property & Casualty net income for the three months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $95 as a
result of a decrease in Ongoing Operations net income of $138, partially offset by an improvement
in Other Operations results of $43.
|
|
Ongoing Operations net income decreased by $138, or 36%, for the three months ended June
30, 2008 due primarily to a decrease in underwriting results of $109 and a decrease in net
investment income of $51. Driving the decrease in underwriting results was an increase in
current accident year catastrophes and a decrease in earned premium, partially offset by an
increase in net favorable prior accident year reserve development. Current accident year
catastrophes in 2008 included losses from tornadoes and thunderstorms in the South and
Midwest. Primarily driving the decrease in net investment income was a decrease in investment
yield for limited partnerships and other alternative investments and, to a lesser extent, a
decrease in yield on fixed maturity investments. |
|
|
|
Other Operations results improved from a net loss of $40 in 2007 to net income of $3 in
2008, primarily due to a decrease in unfavorable prior accident year reserve development. |
The increase in Lifes net income was due to the following:
|
|
Increased income on asset
growth in Retirement Plans and International businesses. |
|
|
|
Benefits related to the provision to filed return adjustments and revisions to estimates of
the separate account dividends received deduction and foreign tax credit. |
|
|
|
A charge of $21 recorded in the second quarter of 2007 for regulatory matters. |
Partially offsetting the increase in Lifes net income were the following:
|
|
Realized losses increased as compared to the comparable prior year period primarily due to
increased credit related impairments and realized losses on credit
default swaps in 2008. Partially offsetting this increase were net
losses from GMWB model assumption updates that were recorded in the second quarter. For
further discussion, refer to the Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table under
Lifes Operating Section of the MD&A. |
|
|
|
Declines in net investment income due to a decrease in investment yield for fixed
maturities and declines in partnership income and other alternative investments. |
|
|
|
Unfavorable mortality,
primarily in Individual Life, as compared to 2007. |
44
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income decreased $815 primarily due to a decrease of $577 from Life and $230 from Property &
Casualty.
The decrease in Lifes net income was due to the following:
|
|
Declines in net investment income due to declines in partnership income and other
alternative investments. |
|
|
|
Realized losses increased as compared to the comparable prior year period primarily due to
net losses from the adoption of SFAS 157 and credit impairments. For further discussion, refer
to the Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table under Lifes Operating Section of
the MD&A. |
|
|
|
Unfavorable mortality,
primarily in Individual Life, as compared to 2007. |
Partially offsetting the decrease in Lifes net income were the following:
|
|
Increased income on asset
growth in Retirement Plans and International businesses. |
|
|
|
Benefits from provision to filed return adjustments and revisions to estimates of the
separate account dividends received deduction and foreign tax credit. |
|
|
|
A charge of $21 recorded in the second quarter of 2007 for regulatory matters. |
Property & Casualty net income for the six months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $230 as a result
of a decrease in Ongoing Operations net income of $255, partially offset by an improvement in
Other Operations results of $25.
|
|
Ongoing Operations net income decreased by $255, or 31%, for the six months ended June 30,
2008 due primarily to an increase in realized capital losses of $186, a decrease in net
investment income of $92 and a decrease in underwriting results of $84. The increase in net
realized capital losses of $186 in 2008 was primarily due to realized losses in 2008 from
impairments and net losses on credit derivatives, partially offset by net realized gains from
the sales of securities. Primarily driving the decrease in net investment income was a
decrease in investment yield for partnerships and other alternative investments in 2008 and,
to a lesser extent, a decrease in yield on fixed maturity investments. Driving the decrease
in underwriting results was an increase in current accident year catastrophes and a decrease
in earned premium, partially offset by an increase in net favorable prior accident year
reserve development. Current accident year catastrophes in 2008 included losses from
tornadoes and thunderstorms in the South and Midwest and winter storms along the Pacific
coast. |
|
|
|
Other Operations results improved from a net loss of $8 in 2007 to net income of $17 in
2008, primarily due to a decrease in unfavorable prior accident year reserve development,
partially offset by a decrease in net investment income and by net realized capital losses
recognized in 2008. |
45
Income Taxes
The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was 17% and 25%,
respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was 7% and
27%, respectively. The principal causes of the difference between the effective rate and the U.S.
statutory rate of 35% were tax-exempt interest earned on invested assets and the separate account
dividends received deduction (DRD).
The separate account DRD is estimated for the current year using information from the prior
year-end, adjusted for current year equity market performance. The actual current year DRD can
vary from estimates based on, but not limited to, changes in eligible dividends received by the
mutual funds, amounts of distribution from these mutual funds, amounts of short-term capital gains
at the mutual fund level and the Companys taxable income before the DRD. The Company recorded
benefits related to the separate account DRD of $67 and $44 in the three months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, and $108 and $88 in the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The
benefit recorded in the three months ended June 30, 2008 included prior period adjustments of $9
related to the 2007 tax return and $8 related to the three months ended March 31, 2008.
In Revenue Ruling 2007-61, issued on September 25, 2007, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
announced its intention to issue regulations with respect to certain computational aspects of DRD
on separate account assets held in connection with variable annuity contracts. Revenue Ruling
2007-61 suspended Revenue Ruling 2007-54, issued in August 2007, that had purported to change
accepted industry and IRS interpretations of the statutes governing these computational questions.
Any regulations that the IRS ultimately proposes for issuance in this area will be subject to
public notice and comment, at which time insurance companies and other members of the public will
have the opportunity to raise legal and practical questions about the content, scope and
application of such regulations. As a result, the ultimate timing and substance of any such
regulations are unknown, but they could result in the elimination of some or all of the separate
account DRD tax benefit that the Company receives. Management believes that it is highly likely
that any such regulations would apply prospectively only.
The Company receives a foreign tax credit (FTC) against its U.S. tax liability for foreign taxes
paid by the Company including payments from its separate account assets. The separate account FTC
is estimated for the current year using information from the most recent filed return, adjusted for
the change in the allocation of separate account investments to the international equity markets
during the current year. The actual current year FTC can vary from the estimates due to actual
FTCs passed through by the mutual funds. During the second quarter 2008 the Company booked a tax
benefit of $4 related to the 2007 provision to filed return adjustments. The Company recorded
benefits related to separate account FTC of $8 and $3 in the three months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007, and $11 and $5 in the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The Companys unrecognized tax benefits increased by $12 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as
a result of tax positions expected to be taken on its 2008 tax return, bringing the total
unrecognized tax benefits to $88 as of June 30, 2008. This entire amount, if it were recognized,
would lower the effective tax rate for the applicable periods.
The Companys federal income tax returns are routinely audited by the IRS. The examination of the
Companys tax returns for 2002 through 2003 is anticipated to be completed during 2008. The 2004
through 2006 examination began during the current quarter, and is expected to close by the end of
2010. In addition, the Company is working with the IRS on a possible settlement of a DRD issue
related to prior periods which, if settled, may result in booking of tax benefits during late 2008
or early 2009. Such benefits are not expected to be material to the statement of operations.
Organizational Structure
The Hartford is organized into two major operations: Life and Property & Casualty. Within the Life
and Property & Casualty operations, The Hartford conducts business principally in eleven reporting
segments. Corporate primarily includes the Companys debt financing and related interest expense,
as well as other capital raising and purchase accounting adjustment activities.
Life is organized into four groups which are comprised of six reporting segments: The Retail
Products Group (Retail) and Individual Life segments make up the Individual Markets Group. The
Retirement Plans and Group Benefits segments make up the Employer Markets Group. The International
and Institutional Solutions Group (Institutional) segments each make up their own group.
Property & Casualty is organized into five reporting segments: the underwriting segments of
Personal Lines, Small Commercial, Middle Market and Specialty Commercial (collectively, Ongoing
Operations); and the Other Operations segment.
For a further description of each reporting segment, see Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements and Part I, Item 1, Business, both of which are in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual
Report.
46
Segment Results
The following is a summary of net income for each of Lifes segments, total Property & Casualty,
Ongoing Operations, Other Operations, and Corporate.
Net Income (Loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail [1] |
|
$ |
170 |
|
|
$ |
122 |
|
|
|
39 |
% |
|
$ |
93 |
|
|
$ |
322 |
|
|
|
(71 |
%) |
Individual Life |
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
(32 |
%) |
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
96 |
|
|
|
(48 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Individual Markets Group |
|
|
200 |
|
|
|
166 |
|
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
143 |
|
|
|
418 |
|
|
|
(66 |
%) |
Retirement Plans |
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
(48 |
%) |
Group Benefits |
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
(25 |
%) |
|
|
108 |
|
|
|
152 |
|
|
|
(29 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Employer Markets Group |
|
|
93 |
|
|
|
111 |
|
|
|
(16 |
%) |
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
202 |
|
|
|
(34 |
%) |
International [1] |
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
76 |
% |
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
95 |
|
|
|
(16 |
%) |
Institutional |
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
(150 |
) |
|
|
52 |
|
|
NM |
|
Other |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
95 |
% |
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
(155 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Life [1] |
|
|
334 |
|
|
|
318 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
179 |
|
|
|
756 |
|
|
|
(76 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property & Casualty |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ongoing Operations |
|
|
246 |
|
|
|
384 |
|
|
|
(36 |
%) |
|
|
558 |
|
|
|
813 |
|
|
|
(31 |
%) |
Other Operations |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Property & Casualty |
|
|
249 |
|
|
|
344 |
|
|
|
(28 |
%) |
|
|
575 |
|
|
|
805 |
|
|
|
(29 |
%) |
Corporate |
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
(35 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
%) |
|
|
(66 |
) |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income [1] |
|
$ |
543 |
|
|
$ |
627 |
|
|
|
(13 |
%) |
|
$ |
688 |
|
|
$ |
1,503 |
|
|
|
(54 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the transition impact related to the SFAS 157
adoption was a reduction in net income of $209 and $11 for Retail and International,
respectively. For further discussion of the SFAS 157 adoption impact, refer to Note 4 of
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Net income is a measure of profit or loss used in evaluating the performance of total Life, total
Property & Casualty, Ongoing Operations and Other Operations. Within Ongoing Operations, the
underwriting segments of Personal Lines, Small Commercial, Middle Market and Specialty Commercial
are evaluated by The Hartfords management primarily based upon underwriting results. Underwriting
results represent premiums earned less incurred losses, loss adjustment expenses and underwriting
expenses. The sum of underwriting results, net investment income, net realized capital gains and
losses, net servicing and other income, other expenses, and related income taxes is net income.
The following is a summary of Ongoing Operations underwriting results by segment.
Underwriting Results (before-tax)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Personal Lines |
|
$ |
18 |
|
|
$ |
84 |
|
|
|
(79 |
%) |
|
$ |
123 |
|
|
$ |
214 |
|
|
|
(43 |
%) |
Small Commercial |
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
101 |
|
|
|
(32 |
%) |
|
|
188 |
|
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Middle Market |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
(97 |
%) |
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
(22 |
%) |
Specialty Commercial |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
43 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Ongoing Operations |
|
$ |
108 |
|
|
$ |
217 |
|
|
|
(50 |
%) |
|
$ |
426 |
|
|
$ |
510 |
|
|
|
(16 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outlook
The Hartford provides projections and other forward-looking information in the Outlook section of
each segment discussion within MD&A. The Outlook sections contain many forward-looking
statements, particularly relating to the Companys future financial performance. These
forward-looking statements are estimates based on information currently available to the Company,
are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of
1995 and are subject to the precautionary statements set forth in the introduction to MD&A above.
Actual results are likely to differ materially from those forecast by the Company, depending on the
outcome of various factors, including, but not limited to, those set forth in each Outlook
section, in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report, and in
Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors in The Hartfords Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended March 31, 2008.
47
LIFE
Executive Overview
Life is organized into four groups which are comprised of six reporting segments: The Retail
Products Group (Retail) and Individual Life segments make up the Individual Markets Groups. The
Retirement Plans and Group Benefits segments make up the Employer Markets Group. The Institutional
Solutions Group (Institutional) and International segments each make up their own group. Life
provides investment and retirement products, such as variable and fixed annuities, mutual funds and
retirement plan services and other institutional investment products, such as structured
settlements; individual and private-placement life insurance and products including variable
universal life, universal life, interest sensitive whole life and term life; and group benefit
products, such as group life and group disability insurance.
The following provides a summary of the significant factors used by management to assess the
performance of the business. For a complete discussion of these factors, see MD&A in The
Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Performance Measures
Fee Income
Fee income is largely driven from amounts collected as a result of contractually defined
percentages of assets under management on investment type contracts. These fees are generally
collected on a daily basis. For individual life insurance products, fees are contractually defined
as percentages based on levels of insurance, age, premiums and deposits collected and contract
holder value. Life insurance fees are generally collected on a monthly basis. Therefore, the growth
in assets under management either through positive net flows or net sales, or favorable equity
market performance will have a favorable impact on fee income. Conversely, either negative net
flows or net sales, or unfavorable equity market performance will reduce fee income generated from
investment type contracts.
48
Product/Key Indicator Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of and For the |
|
|
As of and For the |
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail U.S. Individual Variable Annuities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Account value, beginning of period |
|
$ |
107,920 |
|
|
$ |
115,330 |
|
|
$ |
119,071 |
|
|
$ |
114,365 |
|
Net flows |
|
|
(1,578 |
) |
|
|
(419 |
) |
|
|
(2,817 |
) |
|
|
(1,002 |
) |
Change in market value and other |
|
|
(997 |
) |
|
|
6,618 |
|
|
|
(10,909 |
) |
|
|
8,166 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Account value, end of period |
|
$ |
105,345 |
|
|
$ |
121,529 |
|
|
$ |
105,345 |
|
|
$ |
121,529 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail Mutual Funds |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets under management, beginning of period |
|
$ |
44,617 |
|
|
$ |
40,921 |
|
|
$ |
48,383 |
|
|
$ |
38,536 |
|
Net sales |
|
|
1,901 |
|
|
|
1,749 |
|
|
|
3,022 |
|
|
|
3,634 |
|
Change in market value and other |
|
|
721 |
|
|
|
2,974 |
|
|
|
(4,166 |
) |
|
|
3,474 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets under management, end of period |
|
$ |
47,239 |
|
|
$ |
45,644 |
|
|
$ |
47,239 |
|
|
$ |
45,644 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Individual Life Insurance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Variable universal life account value, end of period |
|
$ |
6,625 |
|
|
$ |
7,206 |
|
|
$ |
6,625 |
|
|
$ |
7,206 |
|
Total life insurance in-force |
|
$ |
187,173 |
|
|
$ |
171,803 |
|
|
$ |
187,173 |
|
|
$ |
171,803 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement Plans Group Annuities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Account value, beginning of period |
|
$ |
26,339 |
|
|
$ |
24,732 |
|
|
$ |
27,094 |
|
|
$ |
23,575 |
|
Net flows |
|
|
611 |
|
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
1,511 |
|
|
|
1,077 |
|
Change in market value and other |
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
1,223 |
|
|
|
(1,576 |
) |
|
|
1,603 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Account value, end of period |
|
$ |
27,029 |
|
|
$ |
26,255 |
|
|
$ |
27,029 |
|
|
$ |
26,255 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement Plans Mutual Funds |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets under management, beginning of period |
|
$ |
20,071 |
|
|
$ |
1,209 |
|
|
$ |
1,454 |
|
|
$ |
1,140 |
|
Net sales |
|
|
(230 |
) |
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
(108 |
) |
|
|
53 |
|
Acquisitions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,725 |
|
|
|
|
|
Change in market value and other |
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
(217 |
) |
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets under management, end of period |
|
$ |
19,854 |
|
|
$ |
1,329 |
|
|
$ |
19,854 |
|
|
$ |
1,329 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japan Annuities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Account value, beginning of period |
|
$ |
38,975 |
|
|
$ |
32,871 |
|
|
$ |
37,637 |
|
|
$ |
31,343 |
|
Net flows |
|
|
597 |
|
|
|
1,279 |
|
|
|
1,260 |
|
|
|
2,476 |
|
Change in market value and other |
|
|
997 |
|
|
|
1,059 |
|
|
|
(2,742 |
) |
|
|
1,092 |
|
Effect of currency translation |
|
|
(2,447 |
) |
|
|
(1,501 |
) |
|
|
1,967 |
|
|
|
(1,203 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Account value, end of period |
|
$ |
38,122 |
|
|
$ |
33,708 |
|
|
$ |
38,122 |
|
|
$ |
33,708 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S&P 500 Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Period end closing value |
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
1,503 |
|
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
1,503 |
|
Daily average value |
|
|
1,371 |
|
|
|
1,497 |
|
|
|
1,361 |
|
|
|
1,461 |
|
|
|
Retail U.S. individual variable annuity account values have declined over the past year due
to declines in the equity markets and due to negative net flows as a result of increased
competition. |
|
|
|
Retail Mutual funds has seen positive net sales as a result of diversified sales growth. |
|
|
|
Individual Life in-force growth has occurred across multiple product lines, including
variable universal life, guaranteed universal life and other. |
|
|
|
Variable universal life account values have declined due to declining equity markets. |
|
|
|
Retirement Plans group annuities has seen positive net flows driven by strong sales. |
|
|
|
Retirement Plans mutual funds reflects an increase of $18.7 billion in Retirement Plans
mutual funds from the acquisition of servicing rights of Sun Life Retirement Services, Inc.,
and Princeton Retirement Group, both of which closed in the first quarter of 2008. Net sales
for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 reflect expected outflows on the acquired
business. |
|
|
|
International Japan Annuities has seen positive net flows offset by fluctuations in
equity markets and currency exchange rates. |
49
Net Investment Spread
Management evaluates performance of certain products based on net investment spread. These products
include those that have insignificant mortality risk, such as fixed annuities, certain general
account universal life contracts and certain institutional contracts. Net investment spread is
determined by taking the difference between the earned rate and the related crediting rates on
average general account assets under management. The net investment spreads shown below are for the
total portfolio of relevant contracts in each segment and reflect business written at different
times. When pricing products, the Company considers current investment yields and not the portfolio
average. Net investment spread can be volatile period over period, which can have a significant
positive or negative effect on the operating results of each segment. The volatile nature of net
investment spread is driven primarily by prepayment premiums on securities and earnings on
partnership investments.
Net investment spread is calculated as a percentage of general account assets and expressed in
basis points (bps):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Retail Individual Annuity |
|
138.5 bps |
|
184.1 bps |
|
133.3 bps |
|
181.9 bps |
Individual Life |
|
137.4 bps |
|
137.0 bps |
|
131.5 bps |
|
128.4 bps |
Retirement Plans |
|
141.6 bps |
|
170.1 bps |
|
138.4 bps |
|
168.4 bps |
Institutional (GICs,
Funding Agreements, Funding
Agreement Backed Notes and
Consumer Notes) |
|
85.1 bps |
|
91.9 bps |
|
84.5 bps |
|
95.7 bps |
|
|
Retail individual annuity, Retirement Plans and Institutional net investment spreads
decreased primarily due to lower yields on invested assets, in particular limited partnerships
and alternative investments. Retail individual annuity and Retirement Plans declines also are
impacted by decreases in interest rates. |
|
|
|
Individual Life net investment spread increased due to lower credited rates on the
liability in 2008 partially offset by lower earned rates on invested assets primarily due to
declines in partnership income. |
Premiums
Traditional insurance type products, such as those sold by Group Benefits, collect premiums from
policyholders in exchange for financial protection for the policyholder from a specified insurable
loss, such as death or disability. These premiums together with net investment income earned from
the overall investment strategy are used to pay the contractual obligations under these insurance
contracts. Two major factors, new sales and persistency, impact premium growth. Sales can increase
or decrease in a given year based on a number of factors, including but not limited to, customer
demand for the Companys product offerings, pricing competition, distribution channels and the
Companys reputation and ratings. A majority of sales correspond with the open enrollment periods
of employers benefits, typically January 1 or July 1. Persistency is the percentage of remaining
in-force from year-to-year.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
Group Benefits |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Total premiums and other considerations |
|
$ |
1,100 |
|
|
$ |
1,091 |
|
|
$ |
2,174 |
|
|
$ |
2,176 |
|
Fully insured ongoing sales (excluding buyouts) |
|
$ |
135 |
|
|
$ |
119 |
|
|
$ |
516 |
|
|
$ |
505 |
|
|
|
Total premiums and other considerations include $15 and $26, in buyout premiums for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively. Total premiums and other
considerations, excluding buyouts, were up slightly for the three and six months ended June
30, 2008 as increases in sales and persistency were offset by lower premiums in the medical
stop loss business as a result of the renewal rights transaction that closed during the second
quarter of 2007. |
50
Expenses
There are three major categories for expenses. The first major category of expenses is benefits and
losses. These include the costs of mortality and morbidity, particularly in the group benefits
business, and mortality in the individual life businesses, as well as other contractholder benefits
to policyholders. In addition, traditional insurance type products generally use a loss ratio which
is expressed as the amount of benefits incurred during a particular period divided by total
premiums and other considerations, as a key indicator of underwriting performance. Since Group
Benefits occasionally buys a block of claims for a stated premium amount, the Company excludes this
buyout from the loss ratio used for evaluating the underwriting results of the business as buyouts
may distort the loss ratio.
The second major category is insurance operating costs and expenses, which is commonly expressed in
a ratio of a revenue measure depending on the type of business. The third major category is the
amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and the present value of future profits, which is
typically expressed as a percentage of pre-tax income before the cost of this amortization (an
approximation of actual gross profits). Retail individual annuity business accounts for the
majority of the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future
profits for Life.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General insurance expense ratio (individual
annuity) |
|
21.2 |
bps |
|
18.7 |
bps |
|
18.6 |
bps |
|
17.4 |
bps |
DAC amortization ratio (individual annuity) [1] |
|
|
42.7 |
% |
|
|
45.5 |
% |
|
|
43.3 |
% |
|
|
46.1 |
% |
Insurance expenses, net of deferrals |
|
$ |
327 |
|
|
$ |
311 |
|
|
$ |
639 |
|
|
$ |
584 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Individual Life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Death benefits |
|
$ |
88 |
|
|
$ |
74 |
|
|
$ |
179 |
|
|
$ |
144 |
|
Insurance expenses, net of deferrals |
|
|
51 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
98 |
|
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Group Benefits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
$ |
811 |
|
|
$ |
793 |
|
|
$ |
1,599 |
|
|
$ |
1,599 |
|
Loss ratio (excluding buyout premiums) |
|
|
73.7 |
% |
|
|
72.3 |
% |
|
|
73.6 |
% |
|
|
73.2 |
% |
Insurance expenses, net of deferrals |
|
$ |
270 |
|
|
$ |
274 |
|
|
$ |
555 |
|
|
$ |
563 |
|
Expense ratio (excluding buyout premiums) |
|
|
25.8 |
% |
|
|
27.1 |
% |
|
|
26.8 |
% |
|
|
27.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Japan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General insurance expense ratio |
|
47.7 |
bps |
|
45.7 |
bps |
|
45.4 |
bps |
|
43.7 |
bps |
DAC amortization ratio [2] |
|
|
39.3 |
% |
|
|
37.5 |
% |
|
|
39.2 |
% |
|
|
37.3 |
% |
Insurance expenses, net of deferrals |
|
$ |
58 |
|
|
$ |
44 |
|
|
$ |
111 |
|
|
$ |
86 |
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Excludes the effects of realized gains and losses. |
|
[2] |
|
Excludes the effects of realized gains and losses except for net
periodic settlements. Included in the net realized capital gains
(losses) are amounts that represent the net periodic accruals on
currency rate swaps used in the risk management of Japan fixed
annuity products. |
|
|
The Retail DAC amortization ratio (individual annuity) decreased, primarily due to the
effects of the 2007 unlock. |
|
|
|
Retail insurance expenses, net of deferrals, increased due to increasing trail commissions
on growing variable annuity assets as well as increasing non-deferrable commissions on strong
mutual fund deposits. |
|
|
|
Retail individual annuitys general insurance expense ratio has increased as general
insurance expenses increased while individual annuity assets declined due to declining equity
markets. |
|
|
|
Individual Life death benefits increased, primarily due to a larger life insurance in-force
and unfavorable mortality compared to the prior year period. |
|
|
|
Group Benefits loss ratio increased as unfavorable group life mortality more than offset
favorable morbidity in group disability. |
|
|
|
Group Benefits expense ratio, excluding buyouts decreased primarily due to lower commission
expenses in the financial institution business. |
|
|
|
International Japan DAC amortization ratio increased due to actual gross profits being
less than expected resulting in negative true-ups and a higher DAC amortization rate. |
|
|
|
International Japan insurance expenses, net of deferrals, and the general insurance
expense ratio increased due to growth and strategic investment in the Japan operation. |
51
Profitability
Management evaluates the rates of return various businesses can provide as an input in determining
where additional capital should be invested to increase net income and shareholder returns. The
Company uses the return on assets for the individual annuity business for evaluating profitability.
In Group Benefits and Individual Life, after-tax margin is a key indicator of overall
profitability.
Ratios
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Individual annuity return on assets (ROA) |
|
53.4 |
bps |
|
33.0 |
bps |
|
10.8 |
bps |
|
45.5 |
bps |
Effect of net realized gains (losses), net of tax
and DAC on ROA [1] |
|
(10.8 |
)bps |
|
(24.3 |
)bps |
|
(47.9 |
)bps |
|
(10.8 |
)bps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ROA excluding realized gains (losses) |
|
64.2 |
bps |
|
57.3 |
bps |
|
58.7 |
bps |
|
56.3 |
bps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Individual Life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
After-tax margin |
|
|
10.5 |
% |
|
|
15.2 |
% |
|
|
9.2 |
% |
|
|
16.4 |
% |
Effect of net realized gains (losses), net of tax
and DAC on after-tax margin [1] |
|
|
(3.4 |
)% |
|
|
(0.5 |
)% |
|
|
(4.8 |
)% |
|
|
0.5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
After-tax margin excluding realized gains (losses) |
|
|
13.9 |
% |
|
|
15.7 |
% |
|
|
14.0 |
% |
|
|
15.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement Plans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement Plans ROA |
|
26.6 |
bps |
|
41.9 |
bps |
|
13.8 |
bps |
|
38.2 |
bps |
Effect of net realized gains (losses), net of tax
and DAC on ROA [1] |
|
(2.4 |
)bps |
|
3.0 |
bps |
|
(13.2 |
)bps |
|
0.7 |
bps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ROA excluding realized gains (losses) |
|
29.0 |
bps |
|
38.9 |
bps |
|
27.0 |
bps |
|
37.5 |
bps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Group Benefits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
After-tax margin (excluding buyouts) |
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
|
7.0 |
% |
|
|
4.7 |
% |
|
|
6.4 |
% |
Effect of net realized gains (losses), net of tax
on after-tax margin [1] |
|
|
(1.7 |
)% |
|
|
(0.2 |
)% |
|
|
(1.8 |
)% |
|
|
(0.1 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
After-tax margin excluding realized gains (losses) |
|
|
7.0 |
% |
|
|
7.2 |
% |
|
|
6.5 |
% |
|
|
6.5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Japan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Japan ROA |
|
71.6 |
bps |
|
56.5 |
bps |
|
43.8 |
bps |
|
65.8 |
bps |
Effect of net realized gains (losses) excluding
net periodic settlements, net of tax and DAC on
ROA [1] [2] |
|
5.2 |
bps |
|
(19.2 |
)bps |
|
(27.0 |
)bps |
|
(11.1 |
)bps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ROA excluding realized gains (losses) |
|
66.4 |
bps |
|
75.7 |
bps |
|
70.8 |
bps |
|
76.9 |
bps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional ROA |
|
(19.4 |
)bps |
|
13.8 |
bps |
|
(48.5 |
)bps |
|
19.4 |
bps |
Effect of net realized gains (losses), net of tax
and DAC on ROA [1] |
|
(36.8 |
)bps |
|
(9.5 |
)bps |
|
(64.3 |
)bps |
|
(5.6 |
)bps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ROA excluding realized gains (losses) |
|
17.4 |
bps |
|
23.3 |
bps |
|
15.8 |
bps |
|
25.0 |
bps |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
See Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table within the Life Section of the MD&A. |
|
[2] |
|
Included in the net realized capital gain (losses) are amounts that represent the net periodic accruals on currency rate
swaps used in the risk management of Japan fixed annuity products. |
|
|
The increase in Retail individual annuity ROA, excluding realized gains (losses), was primarily due to benefits
associated with provision to filed return adjustments and changes in estimates associated with DRD and FTC. |
|
|
|
The decrease in Individual Lifes after-tax margin, excluding realized gains (losses), was primarily due to unfavorable
mortality and the implementation of a more efficient capital approach for our secondary guarantee universal life business,
described further in Individual Lifes Outlook section of the MD&A. |
|
|
|
The decrease in Retirement Plans ROA, excluding realized gains (losses), was primarily driven by an increase in assets under
management due to the acquired rights to service $18.7 billion in mutual funds, comprised of $15.8 billion in mutual funds
from Sun Life Retirement Services, Inc., and $2.9 billion in mutual funds from Princeton Retirement Group, both of which
closed in the first quarter of 2008. These acquired businesses sell mutual fund products, which generate a lower ROA than
Retirement Plans group annuity products. Also contributing to the decrease was a decline in partnership income and
additional expenses associated with the acquisitions. Offsetting the decrease, were benefits associated with DRD provision
to filed return adjustments and changes in estimates. |
|
|
|
International-Japan ROA, excluding realized gains (losses), primarily declined due to lower market returns, which was a main
driver for lower fees on lower surrenders and an increased DAC amortization rate. |
|
|
|
The decrease in Institutionals ROA, excluding realized gains (losses), is primarily due to a decrease in partnership income. |
52
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Earned premiums |
|
$ |
1,305 |
|
|
$ |
1,245 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
$ |
2,534 |
|
|
$ |
2,453 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
Fee income |
|
|
1,381 |
|
|
|
1,341 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
2,713 |
|
|
|
2,619 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
Net investment income (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securities, available-for-sale and other |
|
|
829 |
|
|
|
884 |
|
|
|
(6 |
%) |
|
|
1,648 |
|
|
|
1,736 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
Equity securities, held for trading [1] |
|
|
1,153 |
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
1,444 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net investment income (loss) |
|
|
1,982 |
|
|
|
2,118 |
|
|
|
(6 |
%) |
|
|
(777 |
) |
|
|
3,180 |
|
|
NM |
|
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(228 |
) |
|
|
(221 |
) |
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
|
(1,448 |
) |
|
|
(198 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues [2] |
|
|
4,440 |
|
|
|
4,483 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
3,022 |
|
|
|
8,054 |
|
|
|
(62 |
%) |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
1,760 |
|
|
|
1,724 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
3,478 |
|
|
|
3,382 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment
expenses returns credited on International
variable annuities [1] |
|
|
1,153 |
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
1,444 |
|
|
NM |
|
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs and present value of future profits |
|
|
285 |
|
|
|
309 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
|
|
230 |
|
|
|
653 |
|
|
|
(65 |
%) |
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
|
|
863 |
|
|
|
801 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
1,680 |
|
|
|
1,568 |
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
4,061 |
|
|
|
4,068 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,963 |
|
|
|
7,047 |
|
|
|
(58 |
%) |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
379 |
|
|
|
415 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
1,007 |
|
|
|
(94 |
%) |
Income tax expense (benefit) |
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
(54 |
%) |
|
|
(120 |
) |
|
|
251 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income [3] |
|
$ |
334 |
|
|
$ |
318 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
$ |
179 |
|
|
$ |
756 |
|
|
|
(76 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Net investment income includes investment income and mark-to-market
effects of equity securities, held for trading, supporting the
international variable annuity business, which are classified in net
investment income with corresponding amounts credited to
policyholders. |
|
[2] |
|
The transition impact related to the SFAS 157 adoption was a reduction
in revenues of $650 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. For
further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, refer to Note 4
in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
|
[3] |
|
The transition impact related to the SFAS 157 adoption was a reduction
in net income of $220 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. For
further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, refer to Note 4
in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
The increase in Lifes net income was due to the following:
|
|
Increased income on asset
growth in Retirement Plans and International businesses. |
|
|
|
Benefits related to the provision to filed return adjustments and revisions to estimates of
the separate account dividends received deduction and foreign tax credit. |
|
|
|
A charge of $21 recorded in the second quarter of 2007 for regulatory matters. |
Partially offsetting the increase in Lifes net income were the following:
|
|
Realized losses increased as compared to the comparable prior year period primarily due to
increased credit related impairments and realized losses on credit
default swaps in 2008. Partially offsetting this increase were net
losses from GMWB model assumption updates that were recorded in the second quarter. For
further discussion, refer to the Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table under
Lifes Operating Section of the MD&A. |
|
|
|
Declines in net investment income due to a decrease in investment yield for fixed
maturities and declines in partnership income and other alternative investments. |
|
|
|
Unfavorable mortality,
primarily in Individual Life, as compared to 2007. |
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
The decrease in Lifes net income was due to the following:
|
|
Declines in net investment income due to declines in partnership income and other
alternative investments. |
|
|
|
Realized losses increased as compared to the comparable prior year period primarily due to
net losses from the adoption of SFAS 157 and credit impairments. For further discussion, refer
to the Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table under Lifes Operating Section of
the MD&A. |
|
|
|
Unfavorable mortality,
primarily in Individual Life, as compared to 2007. |
Partially offsetting the decrease in Lifes net income were the following:
|
|
Increased income on asset
growth in Retirement Plans and International businesses. |
|
|
|
Benefits from provision to filed return adjustments and revisions to estimates of the
separate account dividends received deduction and foreign tax credit. |
|
|
|
A charge of $21 recorded in the second quarter of 2007 for regulatory matters. |
53
Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment
Life includes net realized capital gains and losses in each reporting segment. Following is a
summary of the types of realized gains and losses by segment:
Net realized gains (losses) for the three months ended June 30, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japanese |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fixed |
|
|
Periodic net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
annuity |
|
|
coupon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
contract |
|
|
settlements on |
|
|
GMWB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
losses, net |
|
|
|
Gains/losses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
hedges, |
|
|
credit |
|
|
derivatives, |
|
|
Other, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
of tax and |
|
|
|
on sales, net |
|
|
Impairments |
|
|
net |
|
|
derivatives/Japan |
|
|
net |
|
|
net |
|
|
Total |
|
|
DAC |
|
Retail |
|
$ |
(4 |
) |
|
$ |
(31 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
|
$ |
(15 |
) |
|
$ |
(21 |
) |
|
$ |
(72 |
) |
|
$ |
(32 |
) |
Individual Life |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
(13 |
) |
Retirement Plans |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
(3 |
) |
Group Benefits |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
(33 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
(37 |
) |
|
|
(23 |
) |
International |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
Institutional |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(45 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
(87 |
) |
|
|
(56 |
) |
Other |
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(4 |
) |
|
$ |
(124 |
) |
|
$ |
(9 |
) |
|
$ |
(11 |
) |
|
$ |
(13 |
) |
|
$ |
(67 |
) |
|
$ |
(228 |
) |
|
$ |
(120 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized gains (losses) for the three months ended June 30, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japanese |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fixed |
|
|
Periodic net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
annuity |
|
|
coupon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
contract |
|
|
settlements on |
|
|
GMWB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
losses, net |
|
|
|
Gains/losses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
hedges, |
|
|
credit |
|
|
derivatives, |
|
|
Other, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
of tax and |
|
|
|
on sales, net |
|
|
Impairments |
|
|
net |
|
|
derivatives/Japan |
|
|
net |
|
|
net |
|
|
Total |
|
|
DAC |
|
Retail |
|
$ |
(6 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(133 |
) |
|
$ |
(7 |
) |
|
$ |
(146 |
) |
|
$ |
(78 |
) |
Individual Life |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
Retirement Plans |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
Group Benefits |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
International |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(17 |
) |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
(44 |
) |
|
|
(29 |
) |
Institutional |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(13 |
) |
Other |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(16 |
) |
|
$ |
(20 |
) |
|
$ |
(17 |
) |
|
$ |
(13 |
) |
|
$ |
(133 |
) |
|
$ |
(22 |
) |
|
$ |
(221 |
) |
|
$ |
(130 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized gains (losses) for the six months ended June 30, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japanese |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fixed |
|
|
Periodic net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
annuity |
|
|
coupon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
contract |
|
|
settlements on |
|
|
GMWB |
|
|
SFAS 157 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
losses, net |
|
|
|
Gains/losses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
hedges, |
|
|
credit |
|
|
derivatives, |
|
|
Transition |
|
|
Other, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
of tax and |
|
|
|
on sales, net |
|
|
Impairments |
|
|
net |
|
|
derivatives/Japan |
|
|
net |
|
|
Impact |
|
|
net |
|
|
Total |
|
|
DAC |
|
Retail |
|
$ |
(8 |
) |
|
$ |
(64 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(2 |
) |
|
$ |
(126 |
) |
|
$ |
(616 |
) |
|
$ |
(12 |
) |
|
$ |
(828 |
) |
|
$ |
(294 |
) |
Individual Life |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(32 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
(57 |
) |
|
|
(34 |
) |
Retirement Plans |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
(36 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
(55 |
) |
|
|
(26 |
) |
Group Benefits |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
|
(73 |
) |
|
|
(47 |
) |
International |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(34 |
) |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
(111 |
) |
|
|
(61 |
) |
Institutional |
|
|
(34 |
) |
|
|
(151 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(122 |
) |
|
|
(306 |
) |
|
|
(198 |
) |
Other |
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(71 |
) |
|
$ |
(355 |
) |
|
$ |
(23 |
) |
|
$ |
(18 |
) |
|
$ |
(123 |
) |
|
$ |
(650 |
) |
|
$ |
(208 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,448 |
) |
|
$ |
(670 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
54
Net realized gains (losses) for the six months ended June 30, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japanese |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fixed |
|
|
Periodic net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
annuity |
|
|
coupon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gains/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
contract |
|
|
settlements on |
|
|
GMWB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
losses, net |
|
|
|
Gains/losses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
hedges, |
|
|
credit |
|
|
derivatives, |
|
|
Other, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
of tax and |
|
|
|
on sales, net |
|
|
Impairments |
|
|
net |
|
|
derivatives/Japan |
|
|
net |
|
|
net |
|
|
Total |
|
|
DAC |
|
Retail |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(6 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(111 |
) |
|
$ |
(12 |
) |
|
$ |
(129 |
) |
|
$ |
(69 |
) |
Individual Life |
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
Retirement Plans |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
Group Benefits |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
(3 |
) |
International |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
(36 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
|
(41 |
) |
Institutional |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
(15 |
) |
Other |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
16 |
|
|
$ |
(34 |
) |
|
$ |
(12 |
) |
|
$ |
(25 |
) |
|
$ |
(111 |
) |
|
$ |
(32 |
) |
|
$ |
(198 |
) |
|
$ |
(115 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
For the three months ended June 30, 2008, net realized capital losses increased as a result of
impairments, partially offset by lower net losses on GMWB derivatives due to 2007 model and
assumption updates. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, net realized capital losses increased
primarily due to the SFAS 157 transition impact in the first quarter of 2008 and higher net losses
on both impairments and other net losses. A more expanded discussion of these components is as
follows:
|
|
|
Gross Gains
and Losses on
Sale
|
|
Gross gains on sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were predominantly within
fixed maturities and were primarily comprised of corporate securities. Gross losses on sales for the three
and six months ended June 30, 2008 were primarily comprised of corporate securities, municipal securities,
and CMBS as well as $17 of CLOs in the first quarter for which HIMCO is the collateral manager. Gross
gains and losses on sale, excluding the loss on CLOs, primarily resulted from the decision to reallocate
the portfolio to securities with more favorable risk/return profiles. During
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and March 31, 2008, securities sold at a loss were depressed,
on average, approximately 1% at the respective periods impairment review date and were deemed to be
temporarily impaired. |
|
|
|
|
|
Gross gains and losses on sales for three and six months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily
comprised of corporate securities. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, securities sold at
a loss were depressed, on average, approximately 1% at the respective periods impairment review date and
were deemed to be temporarily impaired. |
|
|
|
Impairments
|
|
See the Other-Than-Temporary Impairments section that follows for information on impairment losses. |
|
|
|
SFAS 157
|
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the loss of $650 from the SFAS 157 transition impact to the
GMWB and GMAB rider embedded derivatives liability was a one-time loss resulting from the transition to
this accounting standard. For further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, see Note 4 in the
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
|
|
|
GMWB
|
|
Losses in 2008 on GMWB rider embedded derivatives were primarily due to mortality assumptions
updates of $76. |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily the result of liability
model assumption updates and model refinements. Liability model assumption updates were primarily made to
reflect newly reliable market inputs for volatility. |
|
|
|
Other
|
|
Other, net losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were primarily related to net
losses on credit derivatives of $50 and $207, respectively. The net losses on credit derivatives were
comprised of losses in the first quarter on credit derivatives that assume credit exposure as a result of
credit spreads widening and losses in the second quarter on credit derivatives that reduce credit exposure
as a result of credit spreads tightening significantly on certain referenced corporate entities. Included
in these losses were losses on HIMCO managed CLOs. |
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily driven by the
change in value of non-qualifying derivatives due to credit spreads widening and fluctuations in interest
rates and foreign currency exchange rates. |
55
RETAIL
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Fee income and other |
|
$ |
759 |
|
|
$ |
781 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,506 |
|
|
$ |
1,511 |
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
50 |
% |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(35 |
) |
|
|
63 |
% |
Net investment income |
|
|
192 |
|
|
|
200 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
383 |
|
|
|
397 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(72 |
) |
|
|
(146 |
) |
|
|
51 |
% |
|
|
(828 |
) |
|
|
(129 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues [1] |
|
|
872 |
|
|
|
821 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
1,048 |
|
|
|
1,744 |
|
|
|
(40 |
%) |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
193 |
|
|
|
203 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
|
|
390 |
|
|
|
399 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
|
|
327 |
|
|
|
311 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
639 |
|
|
|
584 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs and present value of future profits |
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
180 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
388 |
|
|
|
(97 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
688 |
|
|
|
694 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
1,041 |
|
|
|
1,371 |
|
|
|
(24 |
%) |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
184 |
|
|
|
127 |
|
|
|
45 |
% |
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
373 |
|
|
|
(98 |
%) |
Income tax expense (benefit) |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
180 |
% |
|
|
(86 |
) |
|
|
51 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income [2] |
|
$ |
170 |
|
|
$ |
122 |
|
|
|
39 |
% |
|
$ |
93 |
|
|
$ |
322 |
|
|
|
(71 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets Under Management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Individual variable annuity account values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
105,345 |
|
|
$ |
121,529 |
|
|
|
(13 |
%) |
Individual fixed annuity and other account values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,366 |
|
|
|
9,891 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
Other retail products account values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
578 |
|
|
|
639 |
|
|
|
(10 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total account values [3] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
116,289 |
|
|
|
132,059 |
|
|
|
(12 |
%) |
Retail mutual fund assets under management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
47,239 |
|
|
|
45,644 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
Other mutual fund assets under management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,276 |
|
|
|
1,883 |
|
|
|
21 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total mutual fund assets under management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49,515 |
|
|
|
47,527 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets under management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
165,804 |
|
|
$ |
179,586 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the transition impact related
to the SFAS 157 adoption was a reduction in revenues of $616. For
further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, refer to Note 4
in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
|
[2] |
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the transition impact related
to the SFAS 157 adoption was a reduction in net income of $209. For
further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, refer to Note 4
in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
|
[3] |
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, includes policyholders
balances for investment contracts and reserve for future policy
benefits for insurance contracts. |
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income decreased for the six months ended June 30, 2008, primarily due to increased realized
capital losses from the adoption of SFAS 157 during the first quarter of 2008, which resulted in a
net realized capital loss of $616. For further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, see
Note 4 in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Net income increased for
the three months ended June 30, 2008 primarily due to realized capital losses associated with GMWB
model assumption updates recorded in the second quarter of 2007 and DRD and FTC benefits recorded
of $16 in the second quarter of 2008. For further discussion of realized capital losses, see
Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table under Lifes Operating Section of the MD&A. The
following other factors contributed to the changes in net income:
|
|
|
Fee income and other
|
|
Fee income and other
decreased for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008 primarily
as a result of lower variable
annuity fee income, partially offset
by an increase in retail mutual fund
fee income. Variable annuity fee
income decreased for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008 due
to a decline in average variable
annuity account values. The
decrease in average variable annuity
account values can be attributed to
market depreciation of $11.7 billion
and net outflows of $4.5 billion
over the past four quarters. Net
outflows were driven by surrender
activity due to the aging of the
variable annuity in-force block of
business and increased sales
competition, particularly
competition related to guaranteed
living benefits. Offsetting this
decrease, retail mutual fund fee
income increased for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008 due
to a 3% increase in mutual fund
assets under management driven by
net sales of $4.9 billion over the
past four quarters. |
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
Net investment income has
declined for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008 due to a
decrease in variable annuity fixed
option account values. The decrease
in these account values can be
attributed to a combination of
transfers into separate accounts and
surrender activity. In addition,
net investment income was lower due
to decreased partnership income and
a decline in interest rates. |
56
|
|
|
Insurance operating
costs and other
expenses
|
|
Insurance operating costs
and other expenses increased for
the three and six months ended June
30, 2008, principally driven by
trail commissions on the aging
portfolio of annuity businesses and commissions on growth in mutual fund deposits
of 7%. |
|
|
|
Amortization of
deferred policy
acquisition costs and
present value of future
profits (DAC)
|
|
Amortization of DAC
decreased for the six months ended
June 30, 2008, primarily due to the
impact of the adoption of SFAS 157
at the beginning of the first
quarter of 2008, as well as
impairment losses, other realized
capital losses and the effects of
the 2007 DAC unlock. For further
discussion of the SFAS 157
transition impact, see Note 4 in
the Notes to the Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements.
For the three months ended
June 30, 2008, DAC amortization
declined due to lower actual gross
profits and a lower DAC
amortization rate after the 2007
unlock. |
|
|
|
Income tax expense
(benefit)
|
|
For the six months ended
June 30, 2008, the income tax
benefit as compared to the prior
year period income tax expense was
due primarily from the adoption of
SFAS 157 at the beginning of the
first quarter of 2008. For further
discussion of the SFAS 157
transition impact, see Note 4 in
the Notes to the Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements.
For the three months ended June 30,
2008, income tax expense increased
as the tax benefit on decreased
realized losses declined.
Partially, offsetting this increase
in income tax expense were benefits
associated with DRD and FTC
provision to filed return
adjustments and changes in
estimates. |
57
Outlook
Management believes the market for retirement products continues to expand as individuals
increasingly save and plan for retirement. Demographic trends suggest that as the baby boom
generation matures, a significant portion of the United States population will allocate a greater
percentage of their disposable incomes to saving for their retirement years due to uncertainty
surrounding the Social Security system and increases in average life expectancy. Competition
continues to be strong in the variable annuities market as the focus on guaranteed lifetime income
has caused most major variable annuity writers to upgrade their suite of living benefits. The
Company is committed to maintaining a competitive variable annuity product line and intends to
introduce enhancements to its suite of living benefits in August 2008.
The retail mutual fund business has seen a substantial increase in net sales and assets over the
past year as a result of focused wholesaling efforts as well as strong investment performance. Net
sales can vary significantly depending on market conditions. As this business continues to evolve,
success will be driven by diversifying net sales across the mutual fund platform, delivering
superior investment performance and creating new investment solutions for current and future mutual
fund shareholders.
Based on results to date, managements current full year projections for 2008 are as follows:
|
|
Variable annuity sales of
$9.25 billion to $10.25 billion |
|
|
|
Fixed annuity sales of $750
to $1.25 billion |
|
|
|
Retail mutual fund sales of $14.5 billion to $15.5 billion |
|
|
|
Variable annuity outflows of $5.0 billion to $6.0 billion |
|
|
|
Fixed annuity flows of
$(250) to $250 |
|
|
|
Retail mutual fund net sales of $4.7 billion to $5.7 billion |
58
INDIVIDUAL LIFE
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Fee income and other |
|
$ |
235 |
|
|
$ |
217 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
$ |
455 |
|
|
$ |
432 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
Earned premiums |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(46 |
%) |
|
|
(37 |
) |
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
|
(32 |
%) |
Net investment income |
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
180 |
|
|
|
176 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
(57 |
) |
|
|
6 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
285 |
|
|
|
290 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
541 |
|
|
|
586 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
153 |
|
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
13 |
% |
|
|
307 |
|
|
|
272 |
|
|
|
13 |
% |
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
|
|
51 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
98 |
|
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs and present value of future profits |
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
(13 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
244 |
|
|
|
228 |
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
474 |
|
|
|
448 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
(34 |
%) |
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
138 |
|
|
|
(51 |
%) |
Income tax expense |
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
(39 |
%) |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
(60 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
30 |
|
|
$ |
44 |
|
|
|
(32 |
%) |
|
$ |
50 |
|
|
$ |
96 |
|
|
|
(48 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Account Values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Variable universal life insurance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
6,625 |
|
|
$ |
7,206 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
Universal life/interest sensitive whole life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,569 |
|
|
|
4,208 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
Modified guaranteed life and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
664 |
|
|
|
691 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total account values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
11,858 |
|
|
$ |
12,105 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life Insurance In-force |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Variable universal life insurance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
78,557 |
|
|
$ |
75,496 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
Universal life/interest sensitive whole life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
50,298 |
|
|
|
46,750 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
Modified guaranteed life and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58,318 |
|
|
|
49,557 |
|
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total life insurance in-force |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
187,173 |
|
|
$ |
171,803 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30,
2007
Net income decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, driven primarily by net
realized capital losses, unfavorable mortality in 2008 and the implementation of a more efficient
capital approach for our secondary guarantee universal life business, described further in the
Outlook section below, partially offset by life insurance in-force growth. For further
discussion of net realized capital losses, see Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table
under Lifes Operating Section of the MD&A. The following other factors contributed to the changes
in net income:
|
|
|
Fee income and other
|
|
Fee income and other
increased for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008
primarily due to growth in
variable universal and universal
life insurance in-force and fees
on higher surrenders, partially
offset by declines in equity
markets. |
|
|
|
Earned premiums
|
|
Earned premiums, which
include premiums for ceded
reinsurance, decreased primarily
due to increased ceded reinsurance
premiums due to life insurance
in-force growth. |
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
Net investment income
increased slightly due to growth
in general account values,
partially offset by decreased
investment yields and reduced net
investment income associated with
the capital approach for our
secondary guarantee universal life
business. |
|
|
|
Benefits, losses and loss
adjustment expenses
|
|
Benefits, losses and loss
adjustment expenses increased due
to life insurance in-force growth
and unfavorable mortality for the
three and six months ended June
30, 2008 compared to the
corresponding 2007 period. |
|
|
|
Amortization of
deferred policy
acquisition costs and
present value of future
profits (DAC)
|
|
Amortization of DAC
decreased due to lower gross
profits primarily attributed to
net realized capital losses and
mortality partially offset by
higher surrender fees. This
decrease had a corresponding
offset in amortization of deferred
revenues, included in fee income. |
59
Outlook
Individual Life operates in a mature and competitive marketplace with customers desiring products
with guarantees and distribution requiring highly trained insurance professionals. Individual Life
continues to expand its core distribution model of sales through financial advisors and banks,
while also pursuing growth opportunities through other distribution sources such as independent
life brokerage. In its core channels, the Company is looking to broaden its sales system and
internal wholesaling, take advantage of cross selling opportunities and extend its penetration in
the private wealth management services areas. The Company is committed to maintaining a
competitive product portfolio and refreshed its variable universal life insurance products in the
second quarter of 2008 and intends to continue to make product enhancements to its variable
universal and universal life insurance products through the remainder of 2008.
Sales results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 increased 3% and 5%, respectively.
Year to date sales increases were driven by increased sales in the wirehouse and independent
channels of 4% and 13%, respectively, as a result of the Companys improved penetration in these
channels. Sales within the bank channel have been impacted in the first six months of 2008 by
restructurings and acquisitions within certain of Individual Lifes banking distribution
relationships. The variable universal life mix was 33% and 38% of total sales for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. Future sales will be driven by the Companys
management of current distribution relationships and development of new sources of distribution
while offering competitive and innovative new products and product features.
Individual Life accepts and maintains, for risk management purposes, up to $10 in risk on any one
life. Individual Life uses reinsurance where appropriate to mitigate earnings volatility; however,
death claim experience may lead to periodic short-term earnings volatility.
Effective November 1, 2007, Individual Life reinsured the policy liability related to statutory
reserves in universal life with secondary guarantees to a captive reinsurance subsidiary. These
reserves are calculated under prevailing statutory reserving requirements as promulgated under
Actuarial Guideline 38, The Application of the Valuation of Life Insurance Policies Model
Regulation. An unaffiliated standby third party letter of credit supports a portion of the
statutory reserves that have been ceded to this subsidiary. As of June 30, 2008, the transaction
provided approximately $365 of statutory capital relief associated with the Companys universal
life products with secondary guarantees. The Company expects this transaction to accommodate
future statutory capital needs for in-force business and new business written through approximately
December 31, 2008. The use of the letter of credit will result in a decline in net investment
income and increased expenses in future periods for Individual Life. The additional statutory
capital provided by the use of the letter of credit is available to the Company for general
corporate purposes. As its business grows, Individual Life will evaluate the need for an
additional capital transaction.
Individual Life continues to face uncertainty surrounding estate tax legislation, aggressive
competition from other life insurance providers, reduced availability and higher price of
reinsurance, and the current regulatory environment related to reserving for term insurance and
universal life products with no-lapse guarantees. These risks may have a negative impact on
Individual Lifes future earnings.
Based on results to date, managements current full year life insurance in-force projection for
2008 is an increase of 8% to 9%.
60
RETIREMENT PLANS
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Fee income and other |
|
$ |
97 |
|
|
$ |
59 |
|
|
|
64 |
% |
|
$ |
165 |
|
|
$ |
113 |
|
|
|
46 |
% |
Earned premiums |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(33 |
%) |
Net investment income |
|
|
91 |
|
|
|
90 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
180 |
|
|
|
178 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
5 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
(55 |
) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
170 |
|
|
|
155 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
292 |
|
|
|
296 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
131 |
|
|
|
124 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
104 |
% |
|
|
153 |
|
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
80 |
% |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs and present value of future profits |
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
8 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
18 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
150 |
|
|
|
115 |
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
283 |
|
|
|
227 |
|
|
|
25 |
% |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
(50 |
%) |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
(87 |
%) |
Income tax expense (benefit) |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
12 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
(17 |
) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
31 |
|
|
$ |
28 |
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
$ |
26 |
|
|
$ |
50 |
|
|
|
(48 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets Under Management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
403(b)/457 account values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
12,197 |
|
|
$ |
12,197 |
|
|
|
|
|
401(k) account values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,832 |
|
|
|
14,058 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total account values [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27,029 |
|
|
|
26,255 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
403(b)/457 mutual fund assets under management [2] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
NM |
|
401(k) mutual fund assets under management [3] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,748 |
|
|
|
1,320 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total mutual fund assets under management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,854 |
|
|
|
1,329 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets under management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
46,883 |
|
|
$ |
27,584 |
|
|
|
70 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets under administration 401(k) [4] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
6,282 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Includes policyholder balances for investment contracts and reserves for future policy benefits for insurance contracts. |
|
[2] |
|
In 2007, Life began selling mutual fund based products in the 403(b) market. |
|
[3] |
|
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, Life acquired the rights to service $18.7 billion in mutual funds from Sun Life
Retirement Services, Inc., and Princeton Retirement Group. |
|
[4] |
|
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, Life acquired the rights to service $5.7 billion of assets under administration
(AUA) from Princeton Retirement Group. Servicing revenues from AUA are based on the number of plan participants and do
not vary directly with asset levels. As such, they are not included in AUM upon which asset based returns are calculated. |
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income in Retirement Plans decreased for the six months ended June 30, 2008 due to higher net
realized capital losses and increased operating expenses partially offset by growth in fee income.
Net income for the three months ended June 30, 2008 increased as DRD benefits associated with
provision to filed return adjustments and changes in estimates of $15 were partially offset by
increased realized losses. For further discussion of net realized capital losses, see Realized
Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table under Lifes Operating section of the MD&A. The following
other factors contributed to the changes in net income:
|
|
|
|
|
Fee income and other
|
|
|
|
For the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, fee income and
other increased primarily due to $35
and $43, respectively, of mutual
fund fees earned from assets
relating to the acquisitions in the
first quarter of 2008. Also
contributing to increased fee income
and other was a growth in 401(k)
average account values, driven by
positive net flows of $1.9 billion
over the past four quarters. |
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
remained consistent, for the three
and six months ended June 30, 2008,
with growth in general account
assets offset by a decrease in
partnership investment income. |
61
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance operating costs and other
expenses
|
|
|
|
Insurance operating costs
and other expenses increased for the
three and six months ended June 30,
2008, primarily attributable to
operating expenses associated with
the acquired businesses. Also
contributing to higher insurance
operating costs were higher trail
commissions resulting from an aging
portfolio and higher service and
technology costs. |
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred policy
acquisition costs and present value
of future profits
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred
policy acquisition costs and present
value of future profits declined for
the three and six months ended June
30, 2008 due to decreases in actual
gross profits as a result of
increased realized losses. |
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
|
|
|
For the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008 the income tax
benefit as compared to the prior
year periods income tax expense was
due to lower income before income
taxes primarily due to increased
realized capital losses, and
benefits associated with provision
to filed return adjustments and
changes in estimates associated with
DRD. |
62
Outlook
The future profitability of this segment will depend on Lifes ability to increase assets under
management across all businesses, achieve scale in areas with a high degree of fixed costs and
maintain its investment spread earnings on the general account products sold largely in the
403(b)/457 business. As the baby boom generation approaches retirement, management believes
these individuals, as well as younger individuals, will contribute more of their income to
retirement plans due to the uncertainty of the Social Security system and the increase in average
life expectancy. In 2007, Life began selling mutual fund based products in the 401(k) market that
will increase Lifes ability to grow assets under management in the medium size 401(k) market.
Life has also begun selling mutual fund based products in the 403(b) market as Life looks to grow
assets in a highly competitive environment primarily targeted at health and education workers.
Disciplined expense management will continue to be a focus; however, as Life expands its reach in
these markets, additional investments in service and technology will occur.
During 2008, the Company completed three acquisitions. The acquisition of part of the defined
contribution record keeping business of Princeton Retirement Group gives Life a foothold in the
business of providing recordkeeping services to large financial firms which offer defined
contribution plans to their clients and added $2.9 billion in mutual funds to Retirement Plans
assets under management and $5.7 billion of assets under administration. The acquisition of Sun
Life Retirement Services, Inc., added $15.8 billion in Retirement Plans assets under management
across 6,000 plans and provides new service locations in Boston, Massachusetts and Phoenix,
Arizona. The acquisition of TopNoggin LLC., provides web-based technology to address data
management, administration and benefit calculations. These three acquisitions illustrate Lifes
commitment to increase scale in the Retirement Plans segment and grow its offering to serve
additional markets, customers and types of retirement plans across the defined contribution and
defined benefit spectrum. These three acquisitions will not be accretive to 2008 net income.
Further net income as a percentage of assets, is expected to be lower in 2008 reflecting the new
business mix represented by the acquisitions, which includes larger more institutionally priced
plans, predominantly executed on a mutual fund platform, and the cost of maintaining multiple
technology platforms during the integration period.
Based on results to date, managements current full-year projections for 2008 (including the
impacts of the acquisitions) are as follows:
|
|
Deposits of
$8.5 billion to $9.5 billion |
|
|
Net flows of $1.6 billion to $2.4 billion |
63
GROUP BENEFITS
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Premiums and other considerations |
|
$ |
1,100 |
|
|
$ |
1,091 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
$ |
2,174 |
|
|
$ |
2,176 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income |
|
|
113 |
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
|
219 |
|
|
|
235 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(37 |
) |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
(73 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
1,176 |
|
|
|
1,202 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
2,320 |
|
|
|
2,407 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
811 |
|
|
|
793 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
1,599 |
|
|
|
1,599 |
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
|
|
270 |
|
|
|
274 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
555 |
|
|
|
563 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
(22 |
%) |
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
(23 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
1,095 |
|
|
|
1,085 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
2,181 |
|
|
|
2,197 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
(31 |
%) |
|
|
139 |
|
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
(34 |
%) |
Income tax expense |
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
(44 |
%) |
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
(47 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
62 |
|
|
$ |
83 |
|
|
|
(25 |
%) |
|
$ |
108 |
|
|
$ |
152 |
|
|
|
(29 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned Premiums and Other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fully
insured ongoing premiums |
|
$ |
1,090 |
|
|
$ |
1,068 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
$ |
2,156 |
|
|
$ |
2,133 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Buyout premiums |
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
(100 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
(100 |
%) |
Other |
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
25 |
% |
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total earned premiums and other |
|
$ |
1,100 |
|
|
$ |
1,091 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
$ |
2,174 |
|
|
$ |
2,176 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratios, excluding buyouts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss ratio |
|
|
73.7 |
% |
|
|
72.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
73.6 |
% |
|
|
73.2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Loss ratio, excluding financial institutions |
|
|
77.8 |
% |
|
|
77.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
78.3 |
% |
|
|
78.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Expense ratio |
|
|
25.8 |
% |
|
|
27.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
26.8 |
% |
|
|
27.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Expense ratio, excluding financial institutions |
|
|
22.3 |
% |
|
|
22.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
22.4 |
% |
|
|
22.5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
The decrease in net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, was primarily due to
increased realized capital losses and lower net investment income. For further discussion, see
Realized Capital Gains and Losses by Segment table under Lifes Operating Section of the MD&A.
However, the Company recognized gains of $7 and $6, after tax, in the three months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, respectively, from the renewal rights transaction associated with the Companys
medical stop loss business. The following other factors contributed to the changes in net income:
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
decreased for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008,
primarily as a result of lower
partnership investment returns and
lower yields on certain other
investments. |
|
|
|
|
|
Loss ratio
|
|
|
|
The segments loss ratio
(defined as benefits, losses and
loss adjustment expenses as a
percentage of premiums and other
considerations excluding buyouts)
for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, increased due to
higher mortality losses, partially
offset by favorable morbidity and
favorable medical stop loss
experience. |
|
|
|
|
|
Expense ratio
|
|
|
|
The segments expense ratio,
excluding buyouts, for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008,
decreased as compared to the prior
year period primarily due to lower
commission expenses. |
64
Outlook
Management is committed to selling competitively priced products that meet the Companys internal
rate of return guidelines and as a result, sales may fluctuate based on the competitive pricing
environment in the marketplace. In 2007, the Company generated premium growth due to the increased
scale of the group life and disability operations. Also in 2007, the Company completed a renewal
rights transaction associated with its medical stop loss business, which will cause lower earned
premium and sales growth in 2008. The Company anticipates relatively stable loss ratios and
expense ratios based on underlying trends in the in-force business and disciplined new business and
renewal underwriting. The Company has not seen a meaningful impact in disability loss ratios as a
result of the recent economic downturn. While claims incidence may increase during a recession,
the Company would expect the impact to the disability loss ratio to be within the normal range of
volatility.
Despite the current market conditions, including rising medical costs, the changing regulatory
environment and cost containment pressure on employers, the Company continues to leverage its
strength in claim practices risk management, service and distribution, enabling the Company to
capitalize on market opportunities. Additionally, employees continue to look to the workplace for
a broader and ever expanding array of insurance products. As employers design benefit strategies
to attract and retain employees, while attempting to control their benefit costs, management
believes that the need for the Companys products will continue to expand. This, combined with the
significant number of employees who currently do not have coverage or adequate levels of coverage,
creates opportunities for our products and services.
Based on results to date, managements current full year projections for 2008 are as follows:
|
|
Fully insured ongoing premiums (excluding buyout premiums and premium equivalents) of $4.25
billion to $4.35 billion |
|
|
Loss ratio (excluding buyout premiums) between 71% and 74% |
|
|
Expense ratio (excluding buyout premiums) between 27% and 29% |
65
INTERNATIONAL
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Fee income |
|
$ |
229 |
|
|
$ |
202 |
|
|
|
13 |
% |
|
$ |
459 |
|
|
$ |
396 |
|
|
|
16 |
% |
Earned premiums |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(50 |
%) |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net investment income |
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
68 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
(44 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
(111 |
) |
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
|
(76 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues [1] |
|
|
266 |
|
|
|
191 |
|
|
|
39 |
% |
|
|
413 |
|
|
|
396 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
67 |
% |
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
82 |
% |
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
45 |
% |
|
|
150 |
|
|
|
110 |
|
|
|
36 |
% |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs and present value of future profits |
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
112 |
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
161 |
|
|
|
124 |
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
293 |
|
|
|
244 |
|
|
|
20 |
% |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
57 |
% |
|
|
120 |
|
|
|
152 |
|
|
|
(21 |
%) |
Income tax expense |
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
27 |
% |
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
(30 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income [2] |
|
$ |
72 |
|
|
$ |
41 |
|
|
|
76 |
% |
|
$ |
80 |
|
|
$ |
95 |
|
|
|
(16 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
Under Management Japan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japan variable annuity account values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
35,910 |
|
|
$ |
32,050 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
Japan MVA fixed annuity account values |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,212 |
|
|
|
1,658 |
|
|
|
33 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets under management Japan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
38,122 |
|
|
$ |
33,708 |
|
|
|
13 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The transition impact related to the SFAS 157 adoption was a reduction
in revenues of $34 during the six months ended June 30, 2008. For
further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, refer to Note 4
in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
|
[2] |
|
The transition impact related to the SFAS 157 adoption was a reduction
in net income of $11 during the six months ended June 30, 2008. For
further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, refer to Note 4
in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income increased for the three months ended June 30, 2008 due to higher fee income in Japan
derived from an increase in assets under management, and an increase in realized gains, partially
offset by an increase in insurance operating costs and other expenses. Net income decreased for
the six months ended June 30, 2008 primarily due to increased realized capital losses from the
adoption of SFAS 157, which resulted in a net realized capital loss of $34 during the first quarter
of 2008, increases in insurance operating costs and other expenses, partially offset by an increase
in fee income. For further discussion of the SFAS 157 transition impact, see Note 4 in the Notes
to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. For further discussion of realized capital
losses, see Realized Capital Gains and losses by Segment table under Lifes Operating Section of
the MD&A. The following other factors contributed to the changes in net income:
|
|
|
|
|
Fee income
|
|
|
|
Fee income increased for the
three and six months ended June 30,
2008, primarily due to growth in
Japans variable annuity assets
under management offset by lower
fees on lower surrenders. The
increase in assets under management
over the past four quarters was
driven by positive net flows of $3.0
billion and a $5.3 billion increase
due to foreign currency exchange
translation as the yen strengthened
compared to the U.S. dollar.
Positive net flows and favorable
foreign currency exchange were
partially offset by unfavorable
market performance of $4.4 billion. |
|
|
|
|
|
Benefits, losses and loss
adjustment expenses
|
|
|
|
Benefits, losses and loss
adjustment expense increased for the
three and six months ended June 30,
2008, due to a higher GMDB net
amount at risk as well as increased
claims costs resulting from
declining markets between customers
date of death and date of payment. |
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance operating costs and
other expenses
|
|
|
|
Insurance operating costs
and other expenses increased for the
three and six months ended June 30,
2008 due to the growth and strategic
investment in the Japan operation. |
66
Outlook
Management continues to be optimistic about the long-term growth potential of the retirement
savings market in Japan. Several trends, such as an aging population, longer life expectancies and
declining birth rates leading to a smaller number of younger workers to support each retiree, have
resulted in greater need for an individual to plan and adequately fund retirement savings.
Profitability depends on the account values of our customers, which are affected by equity, bond
and currency markets. Periods of favorable market performance will increase assets under
management and thus increase fee income earned on those assets. In addition, higher account value
levels will generally reduce certain costs for individual annuities to the Company, such as
guaranteed minimum death benefits (GMDB), guaranteed minimum income benefits (GMIB), guaranteed
minimum accumulation benefits (GMAB) and guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (GMWB).
Prudent expense management is also an important component of product profitability.
Competition has increased dramatically in the Japanese market from both domestic and foreign
insurers. This increase in competition has impacted current deposits and is expected to negatively
impact future deposit levels for the remainder of the year. The Company continues to expand key
distribution relationships and improve our wholesaling and servicing efforts. In addition, the
Company continues to evaluate product designs that meet customers needs, seeks to expand to new
distributors and continues to maintain prudent risk management. Specifically, the Company has
announced a new relationship with the second largest variable annuity distributor in Japan for an
existing product, and will continue to launch new products in line with market demands. The
success of the Companys product offerings will ultimately be based on customer acceptance in an
increasingly competitive environment.
During the first and second quarters of 2008, the Company has experienced lower than expected
surrenders and related surrender fees. In addition, the Company expects lower net flows and market
returns. Lower surrender fees, net flows and market returns are consequently expected to result in
a lower return on assets than in prior years.
Based
on the results to date and the items discussed above, management has
adjusted its full year
projections for Japan in 2008 as follows (using ¥106/$1 exchange rate for the remainder of 2008):
|
|
Variable annuity deposits of ¥325 billion to ¥425 billion ($3.1 billion to $4.0 billion) |
|
|
Variable annuity net flows of ¥165 billion to ¥275 billion ($1.5 billion to $2.4 billion) |
67
INSTITUTIONAL
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Fee income and other |
|
$ |
38 |
|
|
$ |
53 |
|
|
|
(28 |
%) |
|
$ |
79 |
|
|
$ |
114 |
|
|
|
(31 |
%) |
Earned premiums |
|
|
242 |
|
|
|
191 |
|
|
|
27 |
% |
|
|
430 |
|
|
|
359 |
|
|
|
20 |
% |
Net investment income |
|
|
279 |
|
|
|
308 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
|
|
573 |
|
|
|
599 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(87 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
(306 |
) |
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
472 |
|
|
|
532 |
|
|
|
(11 |
%) |
|
|
776 |
|
|
|
1,049 |
|
|
|
(26 |
%) |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
488 |
|
|
|
474 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
946 |
|
|
|
891 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
68 |
|
|
|
(15 |
%) |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs
and present value of future profits |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
150 |
% |
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(35 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
523 |
|
|
|
506 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
1,015 |
|
|
|
976 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
Income (loss) before income taxes |
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
26 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
(239 |
) |
|
|
73 |
|
|
NM |
|
Income tax expense (benefit) |
|
|
(21 |
) |
|
|
7 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
(89 |
) |
|
|
21 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(30 |
) |
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
$ |
(150 |
) |
|
$ |
52 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets Under Management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional account values [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
25,546 |
|
|
$ |
24,127 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
Private Placement Life Insurance account values [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,944 |
|
|
|
29,053 |
|
|
|
13 |
% |
Mutual fund assets under management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,844 |
|
|
|
2,956 |
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets under management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
62,334 |
|
|
$ |
56,136 |
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Includes policyholder balances for investment contracts and reserves for future policy benefits
for insurance contracts. |
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income in Institutional decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 primarily
due to increased realized capital losses. For further discussion, see Realized Capital Gains and
Losses by Segment table under Lifes Operating Section of the MD&A. Further discussion of income is
presented below:
|
|
|
|
|
Fee income and other
|
|
|
|
Fee income and other
decreased for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008,
primarily due to large Private
Placement Life Insurance (PPLI)
cases sold during the three and six
months ended June 30, 2007. PPLI
collects front-end loads, recorded
in fee income, to subsidize premium
tax payments. Premium taxes are
recorded as an expense in insurance
operating costs and other expenses.
For the six months ended June 30,
2008 and 2007, PPLI had deposits of
$156 and $2.2 billion, respectively,
which resulted in fee income due to
front-end loads of $1 and $45,
respectively, offset by a
corresponding decrease in premium
taxes reported in insurance
operating costs and other expenses. |
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums
|
|
|
|
For the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, earned premiums
increased as a result of strong
single premium annuity life
contingent sales. The increase in
earned premiums was offset by a
corresponding increase in benefits,
losses and loss adjustment expenses. |
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
decreased for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008, due to
lower income on variable rate
securities indexed to LIBOR as well
as decreases in returns on
partnership investments compared
with prior periods, partially offset
by income earned on higher assets
under management. For the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008,
partnership income was $7 and $9,
respectively. For the comparable
three and six month periods in 2007,
partnership income was $16 and $28,
respectively. The decline in yield
on floating rate LIBOR based
investments was offset by a
corresponding decrease in interest
credited on liabilities in benefits,
losses, and loss adjustment expense.
Institutional Investment Products
assets under management increased
due to positive net flows of $539
during the past four quarters. |
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
|
|
|
The income tax benefit for
the three and six months ended June
30, 2008, as compared to the prior
year periods income tax expense was
due to a loss before income taxes
primarily due to increased realized
capital losses. For further
discussion of net realized capital
losses, see Realized Capital Gains
and Losses by Segment table under
the Operating section of the MD&A. |
68
Outlook
As the baby boom generation approaches retirement, management believes these individuals will
seek investment and insurance vehicles that will give them steady streams of income throughout
retirement. IIP has launched new products in 2006 and 2007 to provide solutions that deal
specifically with longevity risk. Longevity risk is defined as the likelihood of an individual
outliving their assets. IIP is also designing innovative solutions to corporations defined benefit
liabilities.
Institutionals products are highly competitive from a pricing perspective, and a small number of
cases often account for a significant portion of deposits. Therefore, the Company may not be able
to sustain the level of assets under management growth attained in 2007.
The variable PPLI market includes life insurance policies purchased by a company or a trust on the
lives of employees, with Life or a trust sponsored by Life named as the beneficiary under the
policy. Variable PPLI products continue to be used by employers to fund non-qualified benefits or
other post-employment benefit liabilities. A key advantage to plan sponsors is the opportunity to
select from a range of tax deferred investment allocations. During 2008, sale and net flow
activity has declined relative to the prior year and the Company expects that trend to continue for
the remainder of 2008 or until the general economic climate improves.
Hartford Income Notes and other stable value products (collectively stable value products)
provide the Company with continued opportunity for future growth. These markets are highly
competitive and the Companys success depends in part on the level of credited interest rates and
the Companys credit rating. Stable value products net flows can be impacted by contractual
maturities and rights which can include an investors option to accelerate principal repayments
after a defined notice period as well as certain fixed rate contracts for which the Company has the
option to accelerate the repayment of principal and has exercised
this option in certain cases. Considering these factors as well as the interest
rate and credit spread environment as of June 30, 2008, the Company expects increased outflows, and
has reflected that expectation in its projection for net flows for full year 2008.
The future net income of this segment will depend on Institutionals ability to increase assets
under management, mix of business and net investment spread. The net investment spread, as
previously discussed in the Performance Measures section of this MD&A, has declined relative to the
prior year and we expect the remainder of 2008 to continue to be lower than prior year levels,
primarily due to lower income amounts from partnerships and alternative investments as well as the
aforementioned factors impacting net flows.
Based on results to date, managements current full year projections for 2008 are as follows:
|
|
Deposits (including mutual funds) of $7.0 billion to $8.5 billion |
|
|
Net flows (including mutual funds) of $1.8 billion to $2.5 billion |
69
OTHER
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Fee income and other |
|
$ |
14 |
|
|
$ |
20 |
|
|
|
(30 |
%) |
|
$ |
32 |
|
|
$ |
36 |
|
|
|
(11 |
%) |
Net investment income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securities available-for sale and other |
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
(47 |
%) |
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
(48 |
%) |
Equity securities, held for trading [1] |
|
|
1,153 |
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
1,444 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net investment income (loss) |
|
|
1,177 |
|
|
|
1,279 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
|
|
(2,382 |
) |
|
|
1,527 |
|
|
NM |
|
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
13 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
1,199 |
|
|
|
1,292 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(2,368 |
) |
|
|
1,576 |
|
|
NM |
|
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
(28 |
%) |
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
Benefits, losses and loss adjustment
expenses returns
credited on
International variable annuities [1] |
|
|
1,153 |
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
1,444 |
|
|
NM |
|
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
(63 |
%) |
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
(55 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total benefits, losses and expenses |
|
|
1,200 |
|
|
|
1,316 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
|
|
(2,324 |
) |
|
|
1,584 |
|
|
NM |
|
Loss before income taxes |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
96 |
% |
|
|
(44 |
) |
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
NM |
|
Income tax expense (benefit) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
3 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
|
$ |
(19 |
) |
|
|
95 |
% |
|
$ |
(28 |
) |
|
$ |
(11 |
) |
|
|
(155 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Includes investment income and mark-to-market effects of equity securities held for trading
supporting the international variable annuity business, which are classified in net investment
income with corresponding amounts credited to policyholders. |
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
on securities
available-for-sale declined
due to decreases in
partnership income. |
|
|
|
|
|
Realized capital gains (losses)
|
|
|
|
See Realized Capital
Gains and Losses by Segment
table under Lifes Operating
section of the MD&A. |
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance operating costs and other
expenses
|
|
|
|
Insurance operating
costs and other expenses
decreased for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008
as compared to the prior year
periods, primarily due to a
charge of $21 for regulatory
matters in the second quarter
of 2007 and due to a
reallocation of expenses to
the applicable lines of
business in 2008. |
70
PROPERTY & CASUALTY
Executive Overview
Property & Casualty is organized into five reporting segments: the underwriting segments of
Personal Lines, Small Commercial, Middle Market and Specialty Commercial (collectively, Ongoing
Operations); and the Other Operations segment.
Property & Casualty provides a number of coverages, as well as insurance related services, to
businesses throughout the United States, including workers compensation, property, automobile,
liability, umbrella, specialty casualty, marine, livestock, fidelity, surety, professional
liability and directors and officers liability coverages. Property & Casualty also provides
automobile, homeowners and home-based business coverage to individuals throughout the United States
as well as insurance-related services to businesses.
Property & Casualty derives its revenues principally from premiums earned for insurance coverages
provided to insureds, investment income, and, to a lesser extent, from fees earned for services
provided to third parties and net realized capital gains and losses. Premiums charged for
insurance coverages are earned principally on a pro rata basis over the terms of the related
policies in-force.
Service fees principally include revenues from third party claims administration services provided
by Specialty Risk Services and revenues from member contact center services provided through the
AARP Health program.
Total Property & Casualty Financial Highlights
The following discusses Property & Casualty financial highlights for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007.
Premium revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Written Premiums [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines |
|
$ |
1,029 |
|
|
$ |
1,039 |
|
|
$ |
1,965 |
|
|
$ |
1,978 |
|
Small Commercial |
|
|
679 |
|
|
|
694 |
|
|
|
1,422 |
|
|
|
1,434 |
|
Middle Market |
|
|
513 |
|
|
|
536 |
|
|
|
1,061 |
|
|
|
1,093 |
|
Specialty Commercial |
|
|
362 |
|
|
|
405 |
|
|
|
719 |
|
|
|
791 |
|
Other Operations |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
2,585 |
|
|
$ |
2,675 |
|
|
$ |
5,171 |
|
|
$ |
5,297 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned Premiums [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines |
|
$ |
980 |
|
|
$ |
967 |
|
|
$ |
1,963 |
|
|
$ |
1,920 |
|
Small Commercial |
|
|
683 |
|
|
|
684 |
|
|
|
1,370 |
|
|
|
1,365 |
|
Middle Market |
|
|
559 |
|
|
|
592 |
|
|
|
1,135 |
|
|
|
1,197 |
|
Specialty Commercial |
|
|
362 |
|
|
|
378 |
|
|
|
729 |
|
|
|
762 |
|
Other Operations |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
2,586 |
|
|
$ |
2,622 |
|
|
$ |
5,200 |
|
|
$ |
5,245 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The difference between written premiums and earned premiums is attributable to the change in
unearned premium reserve. |
71
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Earned Premiums
Total Property & Casualty earned premiums decreased $36, or 1%, primarily due to lower earned
premiums in Middle Market and Specialty Commercial, partially offset by increased earned premiums
in Personal Lines.
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines
|
|
|
|
Earned premium grew by $13,
or 1%, primarily due to a $28, or
4%, increase in AARP earned
premiums, partially offset by a $9,
or 3%, decrease in Agency earned
premiums. AARP earned premiums grew
primarily due to an increase in the
size of the AARP target market, the
effect of direct marketing programs
and the effect of cross selling
homeowners insurance to insureds who
have auto policies. Agency earned
premium decreased largely due to a
decline in new business premium and
premium renewal retention since the
second quarter of 2007, partially
offset by the effect of modest
earned pricing increases. |
|
|
|
|
|
Small Commercial
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums were
relatively flat at $683, primarily
due to new business outpacing
non-renewals over the last nine
months of 2007 and first three
months of 2008, entirely offset by
the effect of modest earned pricing
decreases. |
|
|
|
|
|
Middle Market
|
|
|
|
Earned premium decreased by
$33, or 6%, driven by decreases in
commercial auto, general liability
and workers compensation. Earned
premium decreases were driven
primarily by a decline in earned
pricing in 2008 and the effect of
non-renewals outpacing new business
over the last nine months of 2007. |
|
|
|
|
|
Specialty Commercial
|
|
|
|
Earned premium decreased by
$16, or 4%, driven by decreases in
casualty and property due, in part,
to a decrease in earning pricing and
new business written premium. |
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Earned Premiums
Total Property & Casualty earned premiums decreased $45, or 1%, primarily due to lower earned
premiums in Middle Market and Specialty Commercial, partially offset by increased earned premiums
in Personal Lines.
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines
|
|
|
|
Earned premium grew by $43,
or 2%, primarily due to a $62, or
5%, increase in AARP earned
premiums. AARP earned premiums grew
primarily due to an increase in the
size of the AARP target market, the
effect of direct marketing programs
and the effect of cross selling
homeowners insurance to insureds who
have auto policies. |
|
|
|
|
|
Small Commercial
|
|
|
|
Earned premium increased
slightly, to $1,370, primarily due
to new business outpacing
non-renewals over the last nine
months of 2007 and first three
months of 2008, largely offset by
the effect of modest earned pricing
decreases. |
|
|
|
|
|
Middle Market
|
|
|
|
Earned premium decreased by
$62, or 5%, driven by decreases in
commercial auto, workers
compensation and general liability.
Earned premium decreases were driven
primarily by a decline in earned
pricing in 2008 and the effect of
non-renewals outpacing new business
over the last nine months of 2007. |
|
|
|
|
|
Specialty Commercial
|
|
|
|
Earned premium decreased by
$33, or 4%, driven by decreases in
casualty and property due, in part,
to a decrease in earned pricing and
new business written premium. |
Net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Underwriting results before
catastrophes and prior accident year
development |
|
$ |
237 |
|
|
$ |
253 |
|
|
$ |
550 |
|
|
$ |
572 |
|
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
(171 |
) |
|
|
(52 |
) |
|
|
(221 |
) |
|
|
(80 |
) |
Prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
(104 |
) |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
(126 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results |
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
349 |
|
|
|
366 |
|
Net servicing and other income [1] |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
Net investment income |
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
446 |
|
|
|
756 |
|
|
|
859 |
|
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
(203 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
Other expenses |
|
|
(65 |
) |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
|
(124 |
) |
|
|
(118 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
333 |
|
|
|
475 |
|
|
|
785 |
|
|
|
1,131 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
(84 |
) |
|
|
(131 |
) |
|
|
(210 |
) |
|
|
(326 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
249 |
|
|
$ |
344 |
|
|
$ |
575 |
|
|
$ |
805 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Net of expenses related to service business. |
72
Net realized capital gains (losses)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Gross gains on sales |
|
$ |
31 |
|
|
$ |
38 |
|
|
$ |
83 |
|
|
$ |
90 |
|
Gross losses on sales |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(36 |
) |
|
|
(113 |
) |
|
|
(62 |
) |
Impairments |
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(113 |
) |
|
|
(21 |
) |
Periodic net coupon settlements on credit derivatives |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
Other, net |
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized capital losses, before-tax |
|
$ |
(51 |
) |
|
$ |
(24 |
) |
|
$ |
(203 |
) |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Net income decreased by $95, or 28%, primarily driven by a decrease in net investment income and
underwriting results and, to a lesser extent, an increase in net realized capital losses.
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment
income
|
|
|
|
Primarily driving the $55 decrease in net investment income was a decrease in investment yield
for limited partnerships and other alternative investments and, to a lesser extent, a decrease in
investment yield for fixed maturities. |
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results
|
|
|
|
The $16 decrease in underwriting results before catastrophes and prior accident year reserve
development was primarily driven by higher non-catastrophe losses on Middle Market property and
Personal Lines homeowners business and a $15 increase in the estimated amount of dividends payable to
certain workers compensation policyholders due to underwriting profits, largely offset by a lower loss
and loss adjustment expense ratio for Small Commercial workers compensation claims. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The $119 increase in current accident year catastrophe losses was primarily due to more severe
catastrophes in 2008, including tornadoes and thunderstorms in the South and Midwest. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The $88 decrease in net unfavorable prior accident year reserve was largely due to reserve
strengthening in 2007 of $99 principally as a result of an adverse arbitration decision involving
business in runoff. Net unfavorable reserve development in 2008 was primarily due to strengthening of
net asbestos reserves in Other Operations, largely offset by net reserve releases in Ongoing
Operations. Refer to the Reserves section of the MD&A for further discussion. |
73
|
|
|
|
|
Realized capital
gains (losses) |
|
Gross gains (losses) on sales, net |
|
|
|
|
Gross gains on sales in 2008 were predominantly within fixed maturities and were comprised of
sales of corporate and municipal securities. Gross gains in 2007 were primarily from sales of
corporate securities. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross losses on sales in 2008 were predominantly from sales of corporate securities and CMBS. Gross losses on sales in
2007 were primarily from sales of corporate securities. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross gains and losses on sales primarily resulted from the
decision to reallocate the portfolio to securities with more favorable risk/return profiles. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impairments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impairments of $40 in 2008 primarily consisted of credit related impairments of one
subordinated fixed maturity in the financial services sector and of previously impaired RMBS and CMBS
as well as impairments of securities where the Company is uncertain of its intent to retain the
investments for a period of time sufficient to allow recovery. (See the Other-Than-Temporary
Impairments discussion within Investment Results in the Investments section of the MD&A for more
information on the impairments recorded in 2008). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net realized losses in 2008 were primarily related to $24 of net losses on credit
derivatives. The net losses on credit derivatives are comprised of losses in the first quarter on
credit derivatives that assume credit exposure as a result of credit spreads widening and losses in the
second quarter on credit derivatives that reduce credit exposure as a result of credit spreads
tightening. Included in these were losses on HIMCO managed CLOs. For more information regarding these
losses, refer to the Variable Interest Entities section within Investment Results in the
Investments section of the MD&A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net realized losses in 2007 were primarily driven by the change in value of
non-qualifying derivatives due to credit spreads widening. |
|
|
|
|
|
Other expenses
|
|
|
|
Other expenses increased by $7, primarily due to a reduction in the estimated cost of legal
settlements in 2007. |
|
|
|
|
|
Net servicing
income and other
|
|
|
|
The $6 decrease in net servicing income was primarily driven by a decrease in servicing income
from the AARP Health program. |
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense decreased by $47 commensurate with the decrease in income before income
taxes. |
74
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income decreased by $230, or 29%, primarily driven by net realized capital losses in 2008 and a
decrease in net investment income.
|
|
|
|
|
Realized capital gains (losses) |
|
Gross gains (losses) on sales, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross gains on sales in 2008 were predominantly within fixed maturities and were comprised of
sales of corporate and municipal securities. Gross gains in 2007 were primarily from sales of corporate
securities. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross losses on sales in 2008 were predominantly from sales of corporate securities and CMBS, as
well as $19 of CLOs in the first quarter for which HIMCO is the collateral manager. For more
information regarding losses on the sale of HIMCO managed CLOs, refer to the Variable Interest Entities
section within Investment Results in the Investments section of the MD&A. Gross losses on sales in
2007 were primarily from sales of corporate securities. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross gains and losses on sales, excluding the loss on CLOs, primarily resulted from the
decision to reallocate the portfolio to securities with more favorable risk/return profiles. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impairments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impairments of $113 in 2008 primarily consisted of credit related impairments of CMBS, ABS,
corporate securities and one subordinated fixed maturity in the financial services sector as well as
other impairments of securities where the Company is uncertain of its intent to retain the investments
for a period of time sufficient to allow recovery. (See the Other-Than-Temporary Impairments
discussion within Investment Results in the Investments section of the MD&A for more information on
the impairments recorded in 2008). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net realized losses in 2008 were primarily related to $76 of net losses on credit
derivatives. The net losses on credit derivatives are comprised of losses in the first quarter on
credit derivatives that assume credit exposure as a result of credit spreads widening and losses in the
second quarter on credit derivatives that reduce credit exposure as a result of credit spreads
tightening. Included in these were losses on HIMCO managed CLOs. For more information regarding these
losses, refer to the Variable Interest Entities section within Investment Results in the Investments
section of the MD&A. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net realized losses in 2007 were primarily driven by the change in value of
non-qualifying derivatives due to credit spreads widening. |
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
|
|
Primarily driving the $103 decrease in net investment income was a decrease in investment yield
for partnerships and other alternative investments and, to a lesser extent, a decrease in investment
yield for fixed maturities. |
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results
|
|
|
|
The $22 decrease in underwriting results before catastrophes and prior accident year reserve
development was primarily driven by higher non-catastrophe losses on Middle Market property and marine
business and higher loss costs on Personal Lines auto and homeowners claims, largely offset by a lower
loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for Small Commercial workers compensation claims and lower
non-catastrophe property claims under Small Commercial package business. Also contributing to the
decrease in underwriting results was a $15 increase in the estimated amount of dividends payable to
certain workers compensation policyholders due to underwriting profits. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The $141 increase in current accident year catastrophe losses was primarily due to more severe
catastrophes in 2008, including tornadoes and thunderstorms in the South and Midwest and winter storms
along the Pacific coast. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The change from net unfavorable prior accident year reserve development in 2007 to net favorable
reserve development in 2008 was largely due to a $99 reserve strengthening in 2007 principally as a
result of an adverse arbitration decision involving business in runoff and the effect of net favorable
reserves development in 2008. Net favorable reserve development in 2008 was primarily due to net
reserve releases in Ongoing Operations, partially offset by strengthening of asbestos reserves in Other
Operations. Refer to the Reserves section of the
MD&A for further discussion. |
|
|
|
|
|
Net servicing
income and other
|
|
|
|
The $18 decrease in net servicing income was primarily driven by a decrease in servicing income
from the AARP Health program and the write-off of software used in administering policies for third
parties. |
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense decreased by $116 commensurate with the decrease in income before income
taxes. |
75
Key Performance Ratios and Measures
The Company considers several measures and ratios to be the key performance indicators for the
property and casualty underwriting businesses. For a detailed discussion of the Companys key
performance and profitability ratios and measures, see the Property & Casualty Executive Overview
section of the MD&A included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report. The following table
and the segment discussions include the more significant ratios and measures of profitability for
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. Management believes that these ratios and
measures are useful in understanding the underlying trends in The Hartfords property and casualty
insurance underwriting business. However, these key performance indicators should only be used in
conjunction with, and not in lieu of, underwriting income for the underwriting segments of Personal
Lines, Small Commercial, Middle Market and Specialty Commercial and net income for the Property &
Casualty business as a whole, Ongoing Operations and Other Operations. These ratios and measures
may not be comparable to other performance measures used by the Companys competitors.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
Ongoing Operations earned premium growth |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Personal Lines |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
Small Commercial |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
% |
Middle Market |
|
|
(6 |
%) |
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
|
(5 |
%) |
|
|
(2 |
%) |
Specialty Commercial |
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
(6 |
%) |
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Ongoing Operations |
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ongoing Operations combined ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior year development |
|
|
90.7 |
|
|
|
90.2 |
|
|
|
89.3 |
|
|
|
88.9 |
|
Catastrophe ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year |
|
|
6.6 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
Prior years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total catastrophe ratio |
|
|
6.6 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
|
|
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
Non-catastrophe prior year development |
|
|
(1.5 |
) |
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
|
|
(1.5 |
) |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio |
|
|
95.8 |
|
|
|
91.7 |
|
|
|
91.8 |
|
|
|
90.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Operations net income (loss) |
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
(40 |
) |
|
$ |
17 |
|
|
$ |
(8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Property & Casualty measures of net investment income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment yield, after-tax |
|
|
3.9 |
% |
|
|
4.7 |
% |
|
|
3.8 |
% |
|
|
4.5 |
% |
Average invested assets at cost |
|
$ |
30,745 |
|
|
$ |
29,507 |
|
|
$ |
30,747 |
|
|
$ |
29,243 |
|
76
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Ongoing Operations earned premium growth
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines
|
|
|
|
The decrease in the earned
premium growth rate from 2007 to
2008 was due to a significantly
lower growth rate of AARP and a
change to declining earned premium
in Agency, partially offset by the
effect of the sale of Omni in 2006
which lowered the growth rate in
2007. Excluding Omni, Personal
Lines earned premium grew 7% in the
second quarter of 2007 and 8% in the
first six months of 2007. The
earned premium growth rate declined
to 1% in the second quarter of 2008
and 2% in the first six months of
2008, primarily due to a decline in
new business premium since the
middle of 2007. |
|
|
|
|
|
Small Commercial
|
|
|
|
The change from earned
premium growth in 2007 to no growth
in earned premium in 2008 was
primarily attributable to a change
to earned pricing decreases in 2008
from flat earned pricing in 2007 and
because premium renewal retention
was lower over the last nine months
of 2007 and first three months of
2008 than it was over the last nine
months of 2006 and first three
months of 2007. |
|
|
|
|
|
Middle Market
|
|
|
|
The larger earned premium
decrease in 2008 was primarily
attributable to larger earned
pricing decreases in 2008 than in
2007 and to lower premium renewal
retention over the last nine months
of 2007 and first three months of
2008 compared with the last nine
months of 2006 and first three
months of 2007. |
|
|
|
|
|
Specialty Commercial
|
|
|
|
An earned premium decrease
of 4% for the second quarter of 2008
was an improvement compared to an
earned premium decrease of 6% for
the second quarter of 2007 as an
improvement in the rate of earned
premium decline in casualty more
than offset a larger earned premium
decrease in property and a lower
earned premium increase in
professional liability, fidelity and
surety. For the six month period,
earned premiums decreased more
significantly in 2008 than in 2007
due to a larger earned premium
decrease in property and the change
in professional liability, fidelity
and surety earned premiums from 8%
growth in 2007 to no growth in 2008.
The change to little or no growth
in professional liability, fidelity
and surety earned premium in 2008
was primarily due to larger earned
pricing decreases and the effect of
lower premium renewal retention and
decreased new business premium over
the last nine months of 2007.
Property earned premium decreased
more significantly in 2008 than in
2007 due to a change from earned
pricing increases to earned pricing
decreases and lower new business
growth and premium renewal retention
since the third quarter of 2007. |
Ongoing Operations combined ratio
For the three months ended June 30, 2008, the Ongoing Operations combined ratio increased 4.1
points, to 95.8, primarily due to a 4.6 point increase in the current accident year catastrophe
ratio and a 0.5 point increase in the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year
development, partially offset by a 0.9 point improvement in non-catastrophe prior accident year
reserve development. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Ongoing Operations combined
ratio increased by 1.5 points, to 91.8, primarily due to a 2.7 point increase in the current
accident year catastrophe ratio and a 0.4 point increase in the combined ratio before catastrophes
and prior accident year development, partially offset by a 1.4 point improvement in non-catastrophe
prior accident year reserve development.
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes
and prior accident year development
|
|
|
|
For both the three and six
month periods, there was an increase
in the combined ratio before
catastrophes and prior accident year
development, primarily due to higher
non-catastrophe losses on Middle
Market property and Personal Lines
homeowners claims and an increase
in the estimated amount of dividends
payable to certain workers
compensation policyholders due to
underwriting profits, largely offset
by a lower loss and loss adjustment
expense ratio for Small Commercial
workers compensation claims. |
|
|
|
|
|
Catastrophes
|
|
|
|
The catastrophe ratio
increased for both the three and six
month periods due to an increase in
current accident year catastrophes
in 2008 primarily caused by
tornadoes and thunderstorms in the
South and Midwest and, for the six
month period, winter storms along
the Pacific coast. |
|
|
|
|
|
Non-catastrophe prior accident year
development
|
|
|
|
For both the three and six
month periods, net non-catastrophe
prior accident year reserve
development was more favorable in
2008 than in 2007. Favorable
reserve development in 2008
included, among other reserve
changes, a release of reserves for
workers compensation claims,
primarily related to accident years
2000 to 2007 and a release of
reserves for high hazard general
liability and umbrella claims,
primarily related to accident years
2001 to 2006. See the Reserves
section for a discussion of prior
accident year reserve development
for Ongoing Operations in 2008. |
Other Operations net income
|
|
Other Operations reported net income of $3 in the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared
to a net loss of $40 for the comparable period in 2007 and net income of $17 in the six months
ended June 30, 2008 compared to a net loss of $8 for the comparable period in 2007. The
change from a net loss to net income in both the three and six month periods was primarily due
to
a decrease in unfavorable prior accident year reserve development, partially offset by a
decrease in net investment income and, for the six month period, net realized capital losses in
2008. See the Other Operations segment MD&A for further discussion. |
77
Investment yield and average invested assets
|
|
For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the after-tax investment yield
decreased due to a lower investment yield for partnerships and other alternative investments
and, to a lesser extent, a lower investment yield for fixed maturities. |
|
|
The average annual invested assets at cost increased as a result of positive operating cash
flows, partially offset by the effect of dividends paid to Corporate. |
Reserves
Reserving for property and casualty losses is an estimation process. As additional experience and
other relevant claim data become available, reserve levels are adjusted accordingly. Such
adjustments of reserves related to claims incurred in prior years are a natural occurrence in the
loss reserving process and are referred to as reserve development. Reserve development that
increases previous estimates of ultimate cost is called reserve strengthening. Reserve
development that decreases previous estimates of ultimate cost is called reserve releases.
Reserve development can influence the comparability of year over year underwriting results and is
set forth in the paragraphs and tables that follow. The prior accident year development (pts) in
the following table represents the ratio of reserve development to earned premiums. For a detailed
discussion of the Companys reserve policies, see Notes 1, 11 and 12 of Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements and the Critical Accounting Estimates section of the MD&A included in The
Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Based on the results of the quarterly reserve review process, the Company determines the
appropriate reserve adjustments, if any, to record. Recorded reserve estimates are changed after
consideration of numerous factors, including but not limited to, the magnitude of the difference
between the actuarial indication and the recorded reserves, improvement or deterioration of
actuarial indications in the period, the maturity of the accident year, trends observed over the
recent past and the level of volatility within a particular line of business. In general, changes
are made more quickly to more mature accident years and less volatile lines of business. For
information regarding reserving for asbestos and environmental claims within Other Operations,
refer to the Other Operations segment discussion.
As part of its quarterly reserve review process, the Company is closely monitoring reported loss
development in certain lines where the recent emergence of paid losses and case reserves could
indicate a trend that may eventually lead the Company to change its estimate of ultimate losses in
those lines. If, and when, the emergence of reported losses is determined to be a trend that
changes the Companys estimate of ultimate losses, prior accident year reserves would be adjusted
in the period the change in estimate is made.
For example, the Company has experienced favorable emergence of reported workers compensation
claims for recent accident years and, during the first and second quarter of 2008, released
workers compensation reserves in Small Commercial and Middle Market by a total of $58. If
reported losses on workers compensation claims for recent accident years continue to emerge
favorably, reserves could be reduced further.
In addition, reported losses for claims under directors and officers and errors and omissions
insurance policies are emerging favorably to initial expectations although it is too early to tell
if this trend will be sustained. Up until the fourth quarter of 2007, there had been a decrease in
the number of shareholders class action suits under directors and officers insurance policies
and emerged claim severity has been favorable to previous expectations for the 2003 to 2006
accident years. The Company released a total of $20 of reserves for directors and officers and
errors and omissions claims in the first six months of 2008. Any continued favorable emergence of
claims under directors and officers or errors and omissions insurance policies for the 2006 and
prior accident years could lead the Company to reduce reserves for these liabilities in future
quarters.
The Company expects to perform its regular review of environmental liabilities in the third quarter
of 2008. If there are significant developments that affect particular exposures, the Company will
make adjustments to its reserves.
78
A rollforward follows of Property & Casualty liabilities for unpaid losses and loss adjustment
expenses by segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
Personal |
|
|
Small |
|
|
Middle |
|
|
Specialty |
|
|
Ongoing |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Lines |
|
|
Commercial |
|
|
Market |
|
|
Commercial |
|
|
Operations |
|
|
Operations |
|
|
P&C |
|
Beginning liabilities for unpaid
losses and loss adjustment
expenses-gross |
|
$ |
2,023 |
|
|
$ |
3,513 |
|
|
$ |
4,735 |
|
|
$ |
6,901 |
|
|
$ |
17,172 |
|
|
$ |
4,978 |
|
|
$ |
22,150 |
|
Reinsurance and other recoverables |
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
181 |
|
|
|
414 |
|
|
|
2,255 |
|
|
|
2,915 |
|
|
|
911 |
|
|
|
3,826 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning liabilities for unpaid
losses and loss adjustment
expenses-net |
|
|
1,958 |
|
|
|
3,332 |
|
|
|
4,321 |
|
|
|
4,646 |
|
|
|
14,257 |
|
|
|
4,067 |
|
|
|
18,324 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before
catastrophes |
|
|
645 |
|
|
|
380 |
|
|
|
369 |
|
|
|
245 |
|
|
|
1,639 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,639 |
|
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
171 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
171 |
|
Prior accident years |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
(39 |
) |
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total provision for unpaid losses and
loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
743 |
|
|
|
413 |
|
|
|
380 |
|
|
|
235 |
|
|
|
1,771 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
1,826 |
|
Payments |
|
|
(672 |
) |
|
|
(317 |
) |
|
|
(341 |
) |
|
|
(157 |
) |
|
|
(1,487 |
) |
|
|
(115 |
) |
|
|
(1,602 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending liabilities for unpaid losses
and loss adjustment expenses-net |
|
|
2,029 |
|
|
|
3,428 |
|
|
|
4,360 |
|
|
|
4,724 |
|
|
|
14,541 |
|
|
|
4,007 |
|
|
|
18,548 |
|
Reinsurance and other recoverables |
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
191 |
|
|
|
431 |
|
|
|
2,164 |
|
|
|
2,848 |
|
|
|
919 |
|
|
|
3,767 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending liabilities for unpaid losses
and loss adjustment expenses-gross |
|
$ |
2,091 |
|
|
$ |
3,619 |
|
|
$ |
4,791 |
|
|
$ |
6,888 |
|
|
$ |
17,389 |
|
|
$ |
4,926 |
|
|
$ |
22,315 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
$ |
980 |
|
|
$ |
683 |
|
|
$ |
559 |
|
|
$ |
362 |
|
|
$ |
2,584 |
|
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
2,586 |
|
Loss and loss expense paid ratio [1] |
|
|
68.6 |
|
|
|
46.2 |
|
|
|
61.2 |
|
|
|
43.8 |
|
|
|
57.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss and loss expense incurred ratio |
|
|
75.8 |
|
|
|
60.4 |
|
|
|
68.1 |
|
|
|
65.1 |
|
|
|
68.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prior accident year development (pts)
[2] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(3.9 |
) |
|
|
(4.2 |
) |
|
|
(1.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The loss and loss expense paid ratio represents the ratio of paid losses and loss adjustment expenses to earned premiums. |
|
[2] |
|
Prior accident year development (pts) represents the ratio of prior accident year development to earned premiums. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
Personal |
|
|
Small |
|
|
Middle |
|
|
Specialty |
|
|
Ongoing |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Lines |
|
|
Commercial |
|
|
Market |
|
|
Commercial |
|
|
Operations |
|
|
Operations |
|
|
P&C |
|
Beginning liabilities for unpaid
losses and loss adjustment
expenses-gross |
|
$ |
2,042 |
|
|
$ |
3,470 |
|
|
$ |
4,687 |
|
|
$ |
6,883 |
|
|
$ |
17,082 |
|
|
$ |
5,071 |
|
|
$ |
22,153 |
|
Reinsurance and other recoverables |
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
177 |
|
|
|
413 |
|
|
|
2,317 |
|
|
|
2,988 |
|
|
|
934 |
|
|
|
3,922 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning liabilities for unpaid
losses and loss adjustment
expenses-net |
|
|
1,961 |
|
|
|
3,293 |
|
|
|
4,274 |
|
|
|
4,566 |
|
|
|
14,094 |
|
|
|
4,137 |
|
|
|
18,231 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before
catastrophes |
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
750 |
|
|
|
741 |
|
|
|
493 |
|
|
|
3,264 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,264 |
|
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
127 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
221 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
221 |
|
Prior accident years |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
(38 |
) |
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
(90 |
) |
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total provision for unpaid losses and
loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
1,400 |
|
|
|
790 |
|
|
|
745 |
|
|
|
460 |
|
|
|
3,395 |
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
3,465 |
|
Payments |
|
|
(1,332 |
) |
|
|
(655 |
) |
|
|
(659 |
) |
|
|
(302 |
) |
|
|
(2,948 |
) |
|
|
(200 |
) |
|
|
(3,148 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending liabilities for unpaid losses
and loss adjustment expenses-net |
|
|
2,029 |
|
|
|
3,428 |
|
|
|
4,360 |
|
|
|
4,724 |
|
|
|
14,541 |
|
|
|
4,007 |
|
|
|
18,548 |
|
Reinsurance and other recoverables |
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
191 |
|
|
|
431 |
|
|
|
2,164 |
|
|
|
2,848 |
|
|
|
919 |
|
|
|
3,767 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending liabilities for unpaid losses
and loss adjustment expenses-gross |
|
$ |
2,091 |
|
|
$ |
3,619 |
|
|
$ |
4,791 |
|
|
$ |
6,888 |
|
|
$ |
17,389 |
|
|
$ |
4,926 |
|
|
$ |
22,315 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
$ |
1,963 |
|
|
$ |
1,370 |
|
|
$ |
1,135 |
|
|
$ |
729 |
|
|
$ |
5,197 |
|
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
5,200 |
|
Loss and loss expense paid ratio [1] |
|
|
67.9 |
|
|
|
47.6 |
|
|
|
58.1 |
|
|
|
41.5 |
|
|
|
56.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss and loss expense incurred ratio |
|
|
71.3 |
|
|
|
57.6 |
|
|
|
65.7 |
|
|
|
63.1 |
|
|
|
65.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prior accident year development (pts)
[2] |
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(3.3 |
) |
|
|
(5.6 |
) |
|
|
(1.7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The loss and loss expense paid ratio represents the ratio of paid losses and loss adjustment expenses to earned premiums. |
|
[2] |
|
Prior accident year development (pts) represents the ratio of prior accident year development to earned premiums. |
79
Prior accident year development recorded in 2008
Included within prior accident year development for the six months ended June 30, 2008 were the
following reserve strengthenings (releases):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Personal |
|
|
Small |
|
|
Middle |
|
|
Specialty |
|
|
Ongoing |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Lines |
|
|
Commercial |
|
|
Market |
|
|
Commercial |
|
|
Operations |
|
|
Operations |
|
|
P&C |
|
Strengthened reserves for claims
under Small Commercial package
policies related to accident year
2007 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
Released workers compensation
reserves, primarily related to
accident years 2000 to 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18 |
) |
Released reserves for high hazard
and umbrella general liability
claims primarily related to the
2001 to 2006 accident years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(23 |
) |
Released reserves for directors
and officers claims and errors and
omissions claims for accident
years 2004 to 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
Strengthening of net asbestos
reserves |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
Other reserve re-estimates, net [1] |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total prior accident years
development for the three months
ended June 30, 2008 |
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
(2 |
) |
|
$ |
(22 |
) |
|
$ |
(16 |
) |
|
$ |
(39 |
) |
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
$ |
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Released reserves for
extra-contractual liability claims
under non-standard personal auto
policies |
|
$ |
(9 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(9 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(9 |
) |
Released workers compensation
reserves, primarily related to
accident years 2000 to 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(21 |
) |
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(40 |
) |
Strengthened reserves for general
liability and products liability
claims primarily for accident
years 2004 and prior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
47 |
|
Released reserves for umbrella
claims, primarily related to
accident years 2001 to 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19 |
) |
Released reserves for directors
and officers claims for accident
year 2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
Released reserves for construction
defect claims in Specialty
Commercial for accident years 2001
and prior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
Other reserve re-estimates, net [2] |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total prior accident years
development for the three months
ended March 31, 2008 |
|
$ |
(8 |
) |
|
$ |
(2 |
) |
|
$ |
(16 |
) |
|
$ |
(25 |
) |
|
$ |
(51 |
) |
|
$ |
15 |
|
|
$ |
(36 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total prior accident years
development for the six months
ended June 30, 2008 |
|
$ |
(7 |
) |
|
$ |
(4 |
) |
|
$ |
(38 |
) |
|
$ |
(41 |
) |
|
$ |
(90 |
) |
|
$ |
70 |
|
|
$ |
(20 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Includes reserve discount accretion of $8, including $1 in Small
Commercial, $2 in Middle Market, $3 in Specialty Commercial and $2 in
Other Operations. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes reserve discount accretion of $7, including $2 in Small
Commercial, $2 in Middle Market, $2 in Specialty Commercial and $1 in
Other Operations. |
80
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the Companys re-estimates of prior accident
year reserves included the following significant reserve changes:
Ongoing Operations
|
|
During the second quarter of 2008, strengthened reserves for claims under Small Commercial
package policies by $10. Beginning in the first quarter of 2008, the Company observed an
increase in the emerged severity of package business claims for the 2007 accident year, under
both property and liability coverages, driven by a higher than initially expected number of
large-sized claims. In the second quarter of 2008, the Company recognized that this trend in
increasing severity was a verifiable trend and, accordingly, increased reserves in the second
quarter of 2008. |
|
|
Released workers compensation reserves related to accident years 2000 to 2007 by $40 in
the first quarter of 2008 and by $18 in the second quarter of 2008, including year-to-date
releases of $39 in Small Commercial and $19 in Middle Market. This reserve release is a
continuation of favorable developments first recognized in 2005 and recognized in both 2006
and 2007. The reserve releases in 2008 resulted from a determination that workers
compensation losses continue to develop even more favorably from prior expectations due to the
California and Florida legal reforms and underwriting actions as well as cost reduction
initiatives first instituted in 2003. In particular, the state legal reforms and underwriting
actions have resulted in lower than expected medical claim severity. |
|
|
Released reserves for general liability claims primarily related to the 2001 to 2006
accident years by $19 in the first quarter of 2008 and by $23 in the second quarter of 2008,
including year-to-date releases of $37 in Middle Market and $5 in Small Commercial. Beginning
in the third quarter of 2007, the Company observed that reported losses for high hazard and
umbrella general liability claims, primarily related to the 2001 to 2006 accident years, were
emerging favorably and this caused management to reduce its estimate of the cost of future
reported claims for these accident years, resulting in a reserve release in each quarter since
the third quarter of 2007. The number of reported claims for this line of business has been
lower than expected, a trend first observed in 2005. Over time, management has come to
believe that the lower than expected number of claims reported to date will not be offset by a
higher than expected number of late reported claims. |
|
|
Released reserves for professional liability claims for accident years 2003 to 2006 by $10
in the first quarter of 2008 and by $10 in the second quarter of 2008. During the first six
months of 2008, the Company updated its analysis of certain professional liability claims and
the new analysis showed that claim severity for directors and officers losses in the 2003 and
2006 accident years were favorable to previous expectations, resulting in a $10 reduction of
reserves in the first quarter and a $4 reduction of reserves in the second quarter. The
analysis in the second quarter also showed favorable emergence of claim severity on errors and
omission policy claims for the 2004 and 2005 accident years, resulting in a release of $6 in
reserves in the second quarter. |
|
|
During the first quarter of 2008, released reserves for extra-contractual liability claims
under non-standard personal auto policies by $9. As part of the agreement to sell its
non-standard auto insurance business in November, 2006, the Company continues to be obligated
for certain extra-contractual liability claims arising prior to the date of sale. Reserve
estimates for extra-contractual liability claims are subject to significant variability
depending on the expected settlement of individually large claims and, during the first
quarter of 2008, the Company determined that the settlement value of a number of these claims
was expected to be less than previously anticipated, resulting in a $9 release of reserves. |
|
|
During the first quarter of 2008, strengthened reserves for general liability and products
liability claims primarily for accident years 2004 and prior by $47 for losses expected to
emerge after 20 years of development, including $17 in Small Commercial and $30 in Middle
Market. In 2007, management observed that long outstanding general liability claims have been
settling for more than previously anticipated and, during the first quarter of 2008, the
Company increased the estimate of late development of general liability claims. |
|
|
During the first quarter of 2008, released reserves for construction defect claims in
Specialty Commercial by $10 for accident years 2001 and prior due to lower than expected
reported claim activity. Lower than expected claim activity was first noted in the first
quarter of 2007 and continued throughout 2007. In the first quarter of 2008, management
determined that this was a verifiable trend and reduced reserves accordingly. |
Other Operations
|
|
During the second quarter of 2008, the Company completed its annual ground up asbestos
reserve evaluation. As part of this evaluation, the Company reviewed all of its open direct
domestic insurance accounts exposed to asbestos liability as well as assumed reinsurance
accounts and its London Market exposures for both direct insurance and assumed reinsurance.
The Company found estimates for individual cases changed based upon the particular
circumstances of each account. These changes were case specific and not as a result of any
underlying change in the current environment. The net effect of these changes resulted in a
$50 increase in net asbestos reserves. |
81
Risk Management Strategy
Refer to the MD&A in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report for an explanation of Property &
Casualtys risk management strategy.
Use of Reinsurance
In managing risk, The Hartford utilizes reinsurance to transfer risk to well-established and
financially secure reinsurers. Reinsurance is used to manage aggregations of risk as well as
specific risks based on accumulated property and casualty liabilities in certain geographic zones.
All treaty purchases related to the Companys property and casualty operations are administered by
a centralized function to support a consistent strategy and ensure that the reinsurance activities
are fully integrated into the organizations risk management processes.
A variety of traditional reinsurance products are used as part of the Companys risk management
strategy, including excess of loss occurrence-based products that protect property and workers
compensation exposures, and individual risk or quota share arrangements, that protect specific
classes or lines of business. There are no significant finite risk contracts in place and the
statutory surplus benefit from all such prior year contracts is immaterial. Facultative
reinsurance is also used to manage policy-specific risk exposures based on established underwriting
guidelines. The Hartford also participates in governmentally administered reinsurance facilities
such as the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund (FHCF), the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program
established under The Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 (TRIPRA) and
other reinsurance programs relating to particular risks or specific lines of business.
The Company has several catastrophe reinsurance programs, including reinsurance treaties that cover
property and workers compensation losses aggregating from single catastrophe events. The
following table summarizes the primary catastrophe treaty reinsurance coverages that the Company
has renewed subsequent to January 1, 2008. Refer to the MD&A in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K
Annual Report for an explanation of the Companys primary catastrophe program, including the
treaties that renewed January 1, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of layer(s) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Coverage |
|
Treaty term |
|
|
reinsured |
|
|
Per occurrence limit |
|
|
Retention |
|
Layer covering
property
catastrophe losses
from a single wind
or earthquake event
affecting the
northeast of the
United States from
Virginia to Maine |
|
6/1/2008 to 6/1/2009 |
|
|
90 |
% |
|
$ |
300 |
|
|
$ |
1,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reinsurance with
the FHCF covering
Florida Personal
Lines property
catastrophe losses
from a single event |
|
6/1/2008 to 6/1/2009 |
|
|
90 |
% |
|
|
436 |
[1] |
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Workers
compensation losses
arising from a
single catastrophe
event |
|
7/1/2008 to 7/1/2009 |
|
|
95 |
% |
|
|
280 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The per occurrence limit on the FHCF treaty is $436 for the 6/1/2008 to 6/1/2009 treaty year
based on the Companys election to purchase additional limits under the Temporary Increase in
Coverage Limit (TCIL) statutory provision in excess of the coverage the Company is required
to purchase from the FHCF. |
Reinsurance Recoverables
Refer to the MD&A in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report for an explanation of Property &
Casualtys reinsurance recoverables.
Premium Measures
Written premium is a statutory accounting financial measure which represents the amount of premiums
charged for policies issued, net of reinsurance, during a fiscal period. Earned premium is a
measure under both U.S. GAAP and statutory accounting principles. Premiums are considered earned
and are included in the financial results on a pro rata basis over the policy period. Management
believes that written premium is a performance measure that is useful to investors as it reflects
current trends in the Companys sale of property and casualty insurance products. Written and
earned premium are recorded net of ceded reinsurance premium. Reinstatement premium represents
additional ceded premium paid for the reinstatement of the amount of reinsurance coverage that was
reduced as a result of a reinsurance loss payment.
Unless otherwise specified, the following discussion speaks to changes in the second quarter of
2008 compared to the second quarter of 2007 and the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the
six months ended June 30, 2007.
82
TOTAL PROPERTY & CASUALTY
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Earned premiums |
|
$ |
2,586 |
|
|
$ |
2,622 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
$ |
5,200 |
|
|
$ |
5,245 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Net investment income |
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
446 |
|
|
|
(12 |
%) |
|
|
756 |
|
|
|
859 |
|
|
|
(12 |
%) |
Other revenues [1] |
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
124 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
245 |
|
|
|
242 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
(113 |
%) |
|
|
(203 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
3,051 |
|
|
|
3,168 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
5,998 |
|
|
|
6,345 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
1,639 |
|
|
|
1,664 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
3,264 |
|
|
|
3,289 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
171 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
221 |
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
176 |
% |
Prior accident years |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
104 |
|
|
|
(85 |
%) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
126 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
1,826 |
|
|
|
1,820 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,465 |
|
|
|
3,495 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
521 |
|
|
|
528 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
1,044 |
|
|
|
1,056 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
189 |
|
|
|
177 |
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
342 |
|
|
|
328 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
Other expenses |
|
|
182 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
362 |
|
|
|
335 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total losses and expenses |
|
|
2,718 |
|
|
|
2,693 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
5,213 |
|
|
|
5,214 |
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
333 |
|
|
|
475 |
|
|
|
(30 |
%) |
|
|
785 |
|
|
|
1,131 |
|
|
|
(31 |
%) |
Income tax expense |
|
|
84 |
|
|
|
131 |
|
|
|
(36 |
%) |
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
326 |
|
|
|
(36 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income [2] |
|
$ |
249 |
|
|
$ |
344 |
|
|
|
(28 |
%) |
|
$ |
575 |
|
|
$ |
805 |
|
|
|
(29 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Income (Loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ongoing Operations |
|
$ |
246 |
|
|
$ |
384 |
|
|
|
(36 |
%) |
|
$ |
558 |
|
|
$ |
813 |
|
|
|
(31 |
%) |
Other Operations |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Property & Casualty net income |
|
$ |
249 |
|
|
$ |
344 |
|
|
|
(28 |
%) |
|
$ |
575 |
|
|
$ |
805 |
|
|
|
(29 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Represents servicing revenue. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes net realized capital losses, after-tax, of $(33) and $(16)
for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and
$(132) and $(1) for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. |
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Net income decreased by $95, or 28%, as a result of a $138 decrease in Ongoing Operations net
income, partially offset by a $43 improvement in Other Operations results from a net loss of $40
in 2007 to net income of $3 in 2008. See the Ongoing Operations and Other Operations segment MD&A
discussions for an analysis of the underwriting results and investment performance driving the
decrease in net income.
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income decreased by $230, or 29%, as a result of a $255 decrease in Ongoing Operations net
income, partially offset by a $25 improvement in Other Operations results from a net loss of $8 in
2007 to net income of $17 in 2008. See the Ongoing Operations and Other Operations segment MD&A
discussions for an analysis of the underwriting results and investment performance driving the
decrease in net income.
83
ONGOING OPERATIONS
Ongoing Operations includes the four underwriting segments of Personal Lines, Small Commercial,
Middle Market and Specialty Commercial.
Operating Summary
Net income for Ongoing Operations includes underwriting results for each of its segments, income
from servicing businesses, net investment income, other expenses and net realized capital gains
(losses), net of related income taxes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Written premiums |
|
$ |
2,583 |
|
|
$ |
2,674 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
$ |
5,167 |
|
|
$ |
5,296 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
Change in unearned premium reserve |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
53 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
52 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
|
2,584 |
|
|
|
2,621 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
5,197 |
|
|
|
5,244 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
1,639 |
|
|
|
1,664 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
3,264 |
|
|
|
3,289 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
171 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
221 |
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
176 |
% |
Prior accident years |
|
|
(39 |
) |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
(90 |
) |
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
1,771 |
|
|
|
1,704 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
3,395 |
|
|
|
3,361 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
521 |
|
|
|
528 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
1,044 |
|
|
|
1,056 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
184 |
|
|
|
172 |
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
332 |
|
|
|
317 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results |
|
|
108 |
|
|
|
217 |
|
|
|
(50 |
%) |
|
|
426 |
|
|
|
510 |
|
|
|
(16 |
%) |
Net servicing income [1] |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
(43 |
%) |
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
(72 |
%) |
Net investment income |
|
|
334 |
|
|
|
385 |
|
|
|
(13 |
%) |
|
|
644 |
|
|
|
736 |
|
|
|
(13 |
%) |
Net realized capital losses |
|
|
(53 |
) |
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
(194 |
%) |
|
|
(187 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
NM |
|
Other expenses |
|
|
(65 |
) |
|
|
(56 |
) |
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
(122 |
) |
|
|
(116 |
) |
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
332 |
|
|
|
542 |
|
|
|
(39 |
%) |
|
|
768 |
|
|
|
1,154 |
|
|
|
(33 |
%) |
Income tax expense |
|
|
(86 |
) |
|
|
(158 |
) |
|
|
(46 |
%) |
|
|
(210 |
) |
|
|
(341 |
) |
|
|
(38 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
246 |
|
|
$ |
384 |
|
|
|
(36 |
%) |
|
$ |
558 |
|
|
$ |
813 |
|
|
|
(31 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
63.4 |
|
|
|
63.6 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
62.8 |
|
|
|
62.7 |
|
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
6.6 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
(4.6 |
) |
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
(2.7 |
) |
Prior accident years |
|
|
(1.5 |
) |
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
(1.7 |
) |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
68.5 |
|
|
|
65.1 |
|
|
|
(3.4 |
) |
|
|
65.3 |
|
|
|
64.1 |
|
|
|
(1.2 |
) |
Expense ratio |
|
|
26.5 |
|
|
|
26.3 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
26.0 |
|
|
|
25.9 |
|
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
Policyholder dividend ratio |
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio |
|
|
95.8 |
|
|
|
91.7 |
|
|
|
(4.1 |
) |
|
|
91.8 |
|
|
|
90.3 |
|
|
|
(1.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Catastrophe ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year |
|
|
6.6 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
(4.6 |
) |
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
(2.7 |
) |
Prior accident years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total catastrophe ratio |
|
|
6.6 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
|
|
|
(4.5 |
) |
|
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
(2.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
|
|
89.2 |
|
|
|
89.6 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
87.8 |
|
|
|
88.8 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior
accident year development |
|
|
90.7 |
|
|
|
90.2 |
|
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
89.3 |
|
|
|
88.9 |
|
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Net of expenses related to service business. |
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Net income
Net income decreased by $138, or 36%, due primarily to a decrease in underwriting results of $109
and a decrease in net investment income of $51.
84
Underwriting results decreased by $109
Underwriting results decreased by $109 with a corresponding 4.1 point increase in the combined
ratio, from 91.7 to 95.8, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in earned premiums |
|
$ |
(37 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Volume change Decrease in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before
catastrophes due to the decrease in earned premium |
|
|
23 |
|
Ratio change A decrease in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio
before catastrophes |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes |
|
|
25 |
|
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophe losses |
|
|
(119 |
) |
Reserve changes An increase in net favorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
(67 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
7 |
|
Increase in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net increase in operating expenses |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
(109 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Earned premium decreased by $37
Ongoing Operations earned premium decreased by $37, or 1%, due to a 6% decrease in Middle Market
and a 4% decrease in Specialty Commercial, partially offset by a 1% increase in Personal Lines.
Refer to the earned premium discussion in the Executive Overview section of the Property & Casualty
MD&A for further discussion of the decrease in earned premium.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses increased by $67
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes decreased by
$25
Ongoing Operations current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
decreased by $25 due primarily to a decrease in earned premium. The current accident year loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes decreased by 0.2 points, to 63.4, driven by a
decrease in Small Commercial and Specialty Commercial, largely offset by an increase in Personal
Lines and Middle Market.
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines
|
|
|
|
The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes in
Personal Lines increased by 0.8
points, primarily due to an increase
in anticipated bodily injury
severity on auto liability claims
and increased severity of
non-catastrophe losses on homeowners
business, partially offset by
favorable frequency on auto physical
damage claims, the effect of
strengthening current accident year
auto liability reserves by $10 in
2007 and the effect of earned
pricing increases in 2008 for both
auto and homeowners. |
|
|
|
|
|
Small Commercial
|
|
|
|
The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes in Small
Commercial decreased by 2.9 points,
primarily due to a lower loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio for
workers compensation business,
partially offset by a higher loss
and loss adjustment expense ratio
for package business. Workers
compensation claim frequency has
been trending favorably for recent
accident years due to improved
workplace safety and underwriting
actions and the lower loss and loss
adjustment expense ratio for the
2008 accident year includes an
assumption that this decreasing
level of claim frequency will
continue. The effect of lower claim
frequency for workers compensation
claims was partially offset by the
effect of earned pricing decreases.
For package business, the loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio before
catastrophes and prior accident year
development increased modestly as
the effect of strengthening current
accident year reserves by $7 for
liability claims was partly offset
by the effect of lower
non-catastrophe property losses. |
|
|
|
|
|
Middle Market
|
|
|
|
The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes in Middle
Market increased by 2.0 points,
primarily due to higher
non-catastrophe losses on property
business, driven by a number of
large individual claims, and the
effect of earned pricing decreases. |
|
|
|
|
|
Specialty Commercial
|
|
|
|
The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes in
Specialty Commercial decreased by
0.6 points, primarily due to lower
non-catastrophe property losses,
partially offset by a higher loss
and loss adjustment ratio on
directors and officers insurance in
professional liability. |
85
Current accident year catastrophes increased by $119
Current accident year catastrophe losses of $171, or 6.6 points, in 2008 were higher than current
accident year catastrophe losses of $52, or 2.0 points, in 2007, primarily due to tornadoes and
thunderstorms in the South and Midwest.
Net favorable prior accident year reserve development increased by $27
Net favorable prior accident year reserve development increased from net favorable development of
$12, or 0.5 points, in 2007, to net favorable development of $39, or 1.5 points, in 2008. Among
other reserve changes, net favorable reserve development of $39 in 2008 included an $18 release of
workers compensation reserves, primarily related to accident years 2000 to 2007 and a $23 release
of reserves for high hazard and umbrella general liability claims, primarily related to the 2001 to
2006 accident years. Refer to the Reserves section of the MD&A for further discussion of the
prior accident year reserve development in 2008. Net favorable reserve development of $12 in 2007
included a release of small commercial reserves for accident years 2002 through 2006, principally
related to package business and workers compensation business sold through payroll service
providers, partially offset by strengthening of reserves for allocated loss adjustment expenses on
national account casualty business.
Operating expenses increased by $5
The $7 decrease in the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs was largely due to the
decrease in earned premium. Insurance operating costs and expenses increased by $12 primarily due
to a $10 increase in policyholder dividends. The increase in policyholder dividends was primarily
due to a $15 increase in the estimated amount of dividends payable to certain workers compensation
policyholders due to underwriting profits. The expense ratio increased by 0.2 points, to 26.5,
because of a slight increase in insurance operating costs and expenses other than policyholder
dividends coupled with a reduction in earned premium.
Net investment income decreased by $51
Primarily driving the $51 decrease in net investment income was a decrease in investment yield for
partnerships and other alternative investments and, to a lesser extent, a decrease in investment
yield for fixed maturities. The lower yield on limited partnerships and other alternative
investments was largely driven by lower returns on hedge funds and real estate partnerships. The
lower yield on fixed maturities primarily resulted from lower income on variable rate securities
due to a decrease in short-term interest rates.
Net realized capital losses increased by $35
The increase in net realized capital losses of $35 in 2008 was primarily due to realized losses in
2008 from impairments and net losses on credit derivatives, partially offset by net realized gains
from the sales of securities. Impairments in 2008 consisted of credit related impairments as well
as other impairments of securities where the Company is uncertain of its intent to retain the
investments for a period of time sufficient to allow recovery. (See the Other-Than-Temporary
Impairments discussion within Investment Results in the Investments section of the MD&A for
more information on the impairments recorded in 2008).
Other expenses increased by $9
The increase in other expenses was principally due to a reduction in the estimated cost of legal
settlements in 2007.
Net servicing income decreased by $6
The decrease in net servicing income was primarily driven by a decrease in servicing income from
the AARP Health program.
Income tax expense decreased by $72
Income tax expense decreased by $72, primarily due to the decrease in income before income taxes.
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income
Net income decreased by $255, or 31%, due primarily to an increase in net realized capital losses
of $186, a decrease in net investment income of $92 and a decrease in underwriting results of $84.
Net realized capital losses increased by $186
The increase in net realized capital losses of $186 in 2008 was primarily due to realized losses in
2008 from impairments and net losses on credit derivatives, partially offset by net realized gains
from the sales of securities. Impairments in 2008 consisted of credit related impairments as well
as other impairments of securities where the Company is uncertain of its intent to retain the
investments for a period of time sufficient to allow recovery. (See the Other-Than-Temporary
Impairments discussion within Investment Results in the Investments section of the MD&A for
more information on the impairments recorded in 2008).
86
Net investment income decreased by $92
Primarily driving the $92 decrease in net investment income was a decrease in investment yield for
partnerships and other alternative investments and, to a lesser extent, a decrease in investment
yield for fixed maturities. The lower yield on limited partnerships and other alternative
investments was largely driven by lower returns on hedge funds and real estate partnerships. The
lower yield on fixed maturities primarily resulted from lower income on variable rate securities
due to a decrease in short-term interest rates.
Underwriting results decreased by $84
Underwriting results decreased by $84 with a corresponding 1.5 point increase in the combined
ratio, from 90.3 to 91.8, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in earned premiums |
|
$ |
(47 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Volume change Decrease in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before
catastrophes due to the decrease in earned premium |
|
|
29 |
|
Ratio change An increase in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio
before catastrophes |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes |
|
|
25 |
|
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophe losses |
|
|
(141 |
) |
Reserve changes An increase in net favorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
82 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
(34 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
12 |
|
Increase in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net increase in operating expenses |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
(84 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Earned premium decreased by $47
Ongoing Operations earned premium decreased by $47, or 1%, due to a 5% decrease in Middle Market
and a 4% decrease in Specialty Commercial, partially offset by a 2% increase in Personal Lines.
Refer to the earned premium discussion in the Executive Overview section of the Property & Casualty
MD&A for further discussion of the decrease in earned premium.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses increased by $34
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes decreased by
$25
Ongoing Operations current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
decreased by $25 due primarily to a decrease in earned premium. The current accident year loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes increased by 0.1 points, to 62.8, due to an
increase in Personal Lines, Middle Market and Specialty Commercial, largely offset by a decrease in
Small Commercial.
87
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Lines
|
|
|
|
The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes in
Personal Lines increased by 1.6
points, primarily due to an increase
in anticipated bodily injury
severity on auto liability claims
and increased severity of
non-catastrophe losses on homeowners
business, partially offset by
favorable frequency on auto physical
damage claims and the effect of
earned pricing increases for both
auto and homeowners. |
|
|
|
|
|
Small Commercial
|
|
|
|
The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes in Small
Commercial decreased by 3.8 points,
primarily due to a lower loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio for
workers compensation and package
business. Workers compensation
claim frequency has been trending
favorably for recent accident years
due to improved workplace safety and
underwriting actions and the lower
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio for the 2008 accident year
includes an assumption that this
decreasing level of claim frequency
will continue. The effect of lower
claim frequency for workers
compensation claims was partially
offset by the effect of earned
pricing decreases. The lower
current accident year loss and loss
adjustment expense ratio for package
business included the effect of
lower non-catastrophe property
losses, primarily driven by lower
claim severity. |
|
|
|
|
|
Middle Market
|
|
|
|
The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes in Middle
Market increased by 1.8 points,
primarily due to higher
non-catastrophe losses on property
and marine business, driven by a
number of large individual claims,
and the effect of earned pricing
decreases. |
|
|
|
|
|
Specialty Commercial
|
|
|
|
The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes in
Specialty Commercial increased by
0.7 points, primarily due to a
higher loss and loss adjustment
ratio on directors and officers
insurance in professional liability,
driven by earned pricing decreases. |
Current accident year catastrophes increased by $141
Current accident year catastrophe losses of $221, or 4.2 points, in 2008 were higher than current
accident year catastrophe losses of $80, or 1.5 points, in 2007, primarily due to tornadoes and
thunderstorms in the South and Midwest and winter storms along the Pacific coast.
An increase in net favorable prior accident year reserve development of $82
Net favorable prior accident year reserve development increased from net favorable development of
$8, or 0.1 points, in 2007, to net favorable development of $90, or 1.7 points, in 2008. Among
other reserve developments, net favorable development in 2008 included a $58 release of workers
compensation reserves, primarily related to accident years 2000 to 2007 and a $42 release of
reserves for high hazard and umbrella general liability claims, primarily related to the 2001 to
2006 accident years. Refer to the Reserves section of the MD&A for further discussion of the
prior accident year reserve development in 2008. Net favorable reserve development of $8 in 2007
included a release of small commercial reserves for accident years 2002 through 2006, principally
related to package business and workers compensation business sold through payroll service
providers, partially offset by strengthening of reserves for allocated loss adjustment expenses on
national account casualty business.
Operating expenses increased by $3
The $12 decrease in the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs was largely due to the
decrease in earned premium. Insurance operating costs and expenses increased by $15 primarily due
to an $11 increase in policyholder dividends. The increase in policyholder dividends was primarily
due to a $15 increase in the estimated amount of dividends payable to certain workers compensation
policyholders due to underwriting profits. The expense ratio increased by 0.1 points, to 26.0
because of a slight increase in insurance operating costs and expenses other than policyholder
dividends coupled with a reduction in earned premium.
Net servicing income decreased by $18
The decrease in net servicing income was primarily driven by a decrease in servicing income from
the AARP Health program and the write-off of software used in administering policies for third
parties.
Income tax expense decreased by $131
Income tax expense decreased by $131, primarily due to the decrease in income before income taxes.
88
PERSONAL LINES
Premiums
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
Written Premiums [1] |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Business Unit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AARP |
|
$ |
741 |
|
|
$ |
727 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
$ |
1,403 |
|
|
$ |
1,377 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Agency |
|
|
271 |
|
|
|
293 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
|
|
529 |
|
|
|
562 |
|
|
|
(6 |
%) |
Other |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
(11 |
%) |
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
(15 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,029 |
|
|
$ |
1,039 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,965 |
|
|
$ |
1,978 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product Line |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automobile |
|
$ |
729 |
|
|
$ |
739 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,427 |
|
|
$ |
1,438 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Homeowners |
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
538 |
|
|
|
540 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,029 |
|
|
$ |
1,039 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,965 |
|
|
$ |
1,978 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned Premiums [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Business Unit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AARP |
|
$ |
691 |
|
|
$ |
663 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
$ |
1,378 |
|
|
$ |
1,316 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
Agency |
|
|
273 |
|
|
|
282 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
|
550 |
|
|
|
559 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
Other |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
(27 |
%) |
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
(22 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
980 |
|
|
$ |
967 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
$ |
1,963 |
|
|
$ |
1,920 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product Line
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automobile |
|
$ |
707 |
|
|
$ |
705 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,413 |
|
|
$ |
1,398 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Homeowners |
|
|
273 |
|
|
|
262 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
550 |
|
|
|
522 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
980 |
|
|
$ |
967 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
$ |
1,963 |
|
|
$ |
1,920 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The difference between written premiums and earned premiums is attributable to the change in
unearned premium reserve. |
Premium Measures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Policies in-force end of period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automobile |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,326,188 |
|
|
|
2,342,883 |
|
Homeowners |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,471,920 |
|
|
|
1,476,340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total policies in-force end of period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,798,108 |
|
|
|
3,819,223 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New business premium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automobile |
|
$ |
87 |
|
|
$ |
115 |
|
|
$ |
171 |
|
|
$ |
232 |
|
Homeowners |
|
$ |
27 |
|
|
$ |
39 |
|
|
$ |
51 |
|
|
$ |
76 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium Renewal Retention |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automobile |
|
|
87 |
% |
|
|
88 |
% |
|
|
88 |
% |
|
|
89 |
% |
Homeowners |
|
|
91 |
% |
|
|
97 |
% |
|
|
90 |
% |
|
|
98 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Written Pricing Increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automobile |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Homeowners |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned Pricing Increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automobile |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Homeowners |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned Premiums
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Earned premiums increased $13, or 1%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and $43, or 2%, for
the six months ended June 30, 2008, primarily due to earned premium growth in AARP, partially
offset by earned premium decreases in Agency and Other.
|
|
AARP earned premium grew $28 and $62, respectively, for the three and six months ended June
30, 2008, reflecting growth in the size of the AARP target market, the effect of direct
marketing programs and the effect of cross selling homeowners insurance to insureds who have
auto policies. The earned premium growth in AARP was primarily due to auto and homeowners
new business written premium outpacing non-renewals over the last nine months of 2007. In the
first six months of 2008, non-renewals have outpaced new business due largely to a decline in
new business written premium driven by increased competition.
|
89
|
|
Agency earned premium decreased by $9 for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 as
the effect of a decline in new business premium and premium renewal retention since the second
quarter of 2007 was partially offset by the effect of modest earned pricing increases. The
market environment continues to be intensely competitive. The increase in advertising for auto
business among the top carriers is also occurring with homeowners business, particularly in
non-coastal and non-catastrophe prone areas. In the latter part of 2007 and the first half of
2008, a number of Personal Lines carriers have begun to increase rates although a significant
portion of the market continues to compete heavily on price. |
|
|
Other earned premium decreased by $6 and $10, respectively, for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, primarily due to a strategic decision to reduce other affinity business. |
Auto earned premium grew slightly for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and was relatively flat
for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as the effect of new business outpacing non-renewals in
AARP over the last nine months of 2007 contributed to earned premium growth in the first quarter of
2008. Largely offsetting the increase in AARP auto earned premium was a decrease in Agency and
Other auto earned premiums. Homeowners earned premium grew $11 and $28, respectively, for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, primarily due to earned pricing increases of 3%.
|
|
|
|
|
New business premium
|
|
|
|
Both auto and homeowners
new business written premium
decreased in the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008. Auto
new business decreased by $28, or
24%, for the three month period and
by $61, or 26%, for the six month
period, including decreases in both
AARP and Agency. Homeowners new
business decreased by $12, or 31%,
for the three month period and by
$25, or 33%, for the six month
period, including decreases in both
AARP and Agency. AARP new business
written premium decreased primarily
due to lower auto and homeowners
policy conversion rates, driven by
increased competition, including the
effect of price decreases by some
carriers and the effect of continued
advertising among carriers for new
business. Agency new business
written premium decreased primarily
due to price competition driven, in
part, by a greater number of agents
using comparative rating software to
obtain quotes from multiple
carriers. |
|
|
|
|
|
Premium renewal retention
|
|
|
|
Premium renewal retention
for auto decreased from 88% to 87%
in the three month period and from
89% to 88% in the six month period,
driven primarily by lower retention
in Agency largely due to price
competition. Auto premium renewal
retention for AARP was flat as the
effect of a decrease in policy
retention was offset by the effect
of written pricing increases.
Premium renewal retention for
homeowners decreased from 97% to 91%
in the three month period and from
98% to 90% in the six month period
driven by a decrease in retention
for both AARP and Agency business.
The decrease in premium renewal
retention for AARP homeowners
business was driven by increased
price competition by some carriers
and mandated homeowners rate
declines in Florida for AARP
policies. The decrease in premium
renewal retention for Agency
homeowners business was due, in
part, to Florida policyholders
non-renewing in advance of the
Companys decision to stop renewing
Florida homeowners policies sold
through agents later in 2008. |
|
|
|
|
|
Earned pricing increase (decrease)
|
|
|
|
Auto earned pricing
increases of 1% in the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008 reflect
the portion of the 3% increase in
written pricing in 2008 reflected in
earned premium. While auto written
pricing was flat in 2007, in 2008
the Company has increased auto
insurance rates in certain states
for certain classes to maintain
profitability in the face of rising
loss costs. In addition, written
pricing increases included the
effect of policyholders purchasing
newer vehicle models in place of
older models. Homeowners earned
pricing increases of 3% in the three
and six months ended June 30, 2008
reflect the earning of a blend of
mid-single digit written pricing
increases recognized over the last
nine months of 2007 and 2% written
pricing increases recognized in the
first six months of 2008. Written
pricing increases in homeowners are
largely driven by increases in
coverage limits due to rising
replacement costs. |
|
|
|
|
|
Policies in-force
|
|
|
|
The number of policies
in-force decreased slightly for both
auto and homeowners, primarily due
to a 6% decline in the number of
Agency policies in-force, partially
offset by a 2% increase in the
number of AARP policies in-force. |
90
Personal Lines Underwriting Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Written premiums |
|
$ |
1,029 |
|
|
$ |
1,039 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,965 |
|
|
$ |
1,978 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Change in unearned premium reserve |
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
(32 |
%) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
(97 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
|
980 |
|
|
|
967 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
1,963 |
|
|
|
1,920 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
645 |
|
|
|
628 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
1,221 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
127 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
159 |
% |
Prior accident years |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
(75 |
%) |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
8 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
743 |
|
|
|
664 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
1,400 |
|
|
|
1,278 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
155 |
|
|
|
154 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
311 |
|
|
|
306 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
122 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results |
|
$ |
18 |
|
|
$ |
84 |
|
|
|
(79 |
%) |
|
$ |
123 |
|
|
$ |
214 |
|
|
|
(43 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
65.9 |
|
|
|
65.1 |
|
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
|
|
65.3 |
|
|
|
63.7 |
|
|
|
(1.6 |
) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
9.8 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
|
(6.5 |
) |
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
(3.9 |
) |
Prior accident years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
75.8 |
|
|
|
68.7 |
|
|
|
(7.1 |
) |
|
|
71.3 |
|
|
|
66.6 |
|
|
|
(4.7 |
) |
Expense ratio |
|
|
22.4 |
|
|
|
22.6 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
22.4 |
|
|
|
22.2 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio |
|
|
98.1 |
|
|
|
91.3 |
|
|
|
(6.8 |
) |
|
|
93.7 |
|
|
|
88.9 |
|
|
|
(4.8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Catastrophe ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year |
|
|
9.8 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
|
(6.5 |
) |
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
(3.9 |
) |
Prior years |
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total catastrophe ratio |
|
|
10.1 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
(6.5 |
) |
|
|
6.3 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
(3.6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
|
|
88.0 |
|
|
|
87.7 |
|
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
87.5 |
|
|
|
86.1 |
|
|
|
(1.4 |
) |
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior
accident years development |
|
|
88.3 |
|
|
|
87.7 |
|
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
|
|
87.7 |
|
|
|
85.9 |
|
|
|
(1.8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other revenues [1] |
|
$ |
29 |
|
|
$ |
33 |
|
|
|
(12 |
%) |
|
$ |
63 |
|
|
$ |
69 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Represents servicing revenues. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
Combined Ratios |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Automobile |
|
|
94.3 |
|
|
|
95.9 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
93.5 |
|
|
|
93.3 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
Homeowners |
|
|
107.9 |
|
|
|
79.0 |
|
|
|
(28.9 |
) |
|
|
94.4 |
|
|
|
76.9 |
|
|
|
(17.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
98.1 |
|
|
|
91.3 |
|
|
|
(6.8 |
) |
|
|
93.7 |
|
|
|
88.9 |
|
|
|
(4.8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
91
Underwriting results and ratios
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Underwriting results decreased by $66, from $84 to $18, with a corresponding 6.8 point increase in
the combined ratio, from 91.3 to 98.1, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Increase in earned premiums |
|
$ |
13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Ratio change An increase in the current accident loss and loss adjustment expense ratio
before catastrophes |
|
|
(9 |
) |
Volume change Increase in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before
catastrophes due to the increase in earned premium |
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Increase in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes |
|
|
(17 |
) |
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
(65 |
) |
Reserve changes A decrease in net unfavorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
(79 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Increase in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
(1 |
) |
Decrease in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
No change in operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
(66 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Earned premium increased by $13
Earned premiums increased $13, or 1%, due to earned premium growth in AARP, partially offset by
decreases in Agency and Other. Refer to the earned premium section above for further discussion.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses increased by $79
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes increased by
$17
Personal Lines current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
increased by $17, to $645, due to an increase in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment
expense ratio before catastrophes and an increase in earned premium. The current accident year
loss and loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes increased by 0.8 points, to 65.9. The
increase was primarily due to an increase in anticipated bodily injury severity on auto liability
claims and increased severity of non-catastrophe losses on homeowners business, partially offset by
favorable frequency on auto physical damage claims, the effect of strengthening current accident
year auto liability reserves by $10 in 2007 and the effect of earned pricing increases in 2008 in
both auto and homeowners.
Current accident year catastrophes increased by $65
Current accident year catastrophe losses of $97, or 9.8 points, in 2008 were higher than current
accident year catastrophe losses of $32, or 3.3 points, in 2007, primarily due to tornadoes and
thunderstorms in the South and Midwest.
A $3 decrease in net unfavorable prior accident year reserve development
There were no significant prior accident year reserve developments in 2008 or 2007.
Operating expenses no change
The expense ratio decreased slightly, to 22.4. Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs
increased slightly, driven primarily by the increase in earned premium. Insurance operating costs
and expenses were relatively flat.
92
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Underwriting results decreased by $91, from $214 to $123, with a corresponding 4.8 point increase
in the combined ratio, from 88.9 to 93.7, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Increase in earned premiums |
|
$ |
43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Ratio change An increase in the current accident loss and loss adjustment expense ratio
before catastrophes |
|
|
(32 |
) |
Volume change Increase in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before
catastrophes due to the increase in earned premium |
|
|
(27 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Increase in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes |
|
|
(59 |
) |
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
(78 |
) |
Reserve changes A change to net favorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
(122 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Increase in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
(5 |
) |
Increase in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Increase in operating expenses |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
(91 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Earned premium increased by $43
Earned premiums increased $43, or 2%, primarily due to earned premium growth in AARP. Refer to the
earned premium section above for further discussion.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses increased by $122
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes increased by
$59
Personal Lines current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
increased by $59, to $1,280, due to an increase in the current accident year loss and loss
adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes and an increase in earned premium. The current
accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes increased by 1.6 points,
to 65.3. The increase was primarily due to an increase in anticipated bodily injury severity on
auto liability claims and increased severity of non-catastrophe losses on homeowners business,
partially offset by favorable frequency on auto physical damage claims and the effect of earned
pricing increases for both auto and homeowners.
Current accident year catastrophes increased by $78
Current accident year catastrophe losses of $127, or 6.4 points, in 2008 were higher than current
accident year catastrophe losses of $49, or 2.5 points, in 2007, primarily due to tornadoes and
thunderstorms in the South and Midwest and winter storms along the Pacific coast.
Prior accident year reserve development changed by $15 from net unfavorable to net favorable
development
There were no significant prior accident year reserve developments in 2008 or 2007.
Operating expenses increased by $12
The expense ratio increased by 0.2 points, to 22.4, in 2008, due largely to an increase in
insurance operating costs and expenses to achieve earned premium growth. Amortization of deferred
policy acquisition costs increased modestly, driven primarily by the increase in earned premium.
93
Outlook
Management expects written premium for the Personal Lines segment to be 1% higher to 2% lower in
2008 than in 2007. New business written premium began to decline in the third quarter of 2007 and
this trend continued in the first six months of 2008 for both AARP and Agency. Based on
competitive market conditions, written premium is expected to be 1% higher to 2% lower in both auto
and homeowners with all of the growth coming within AARP. For AARP business, management expects to
achieve its written premium growth primarily through continued direct marketing to AARP members and
an expansion of underwriting appetite through the continued roll-out of the Next Gen Auto
product. Through improvements in technology, the Company seeks to increase AARP new business flow
from the internet and increase the percentage of AARP new business submissions that can be quoted
real-time. In addition to marketing directly to AARP members, the Company is increasing its media
spend to enhance brand awareness.
For the Agency business in 2008, management expects written premium to decrease as competition for
business has increased, in part, driven by more agencies using comparative raters to obtain quotes
from multiple carriers. The Company seeks to increase its new business by appointing more agents,
increasing the flow of new business from recently appointed agents and improving its price
competitiveness across a spectrum of risks through continued enhancements of the Dimensions Auto
class plan.
In April of 2008, the Company launched a brand and channel expansion pilot in four states: Arizona,
Illinois, Tennessee and Minnesota. In those four states, the Company will significantly increase
Personal Lines brand advertising and will launch direct marketing efforts beyond its existing AARP
program. In addition, certain certified agents in the four target states will have the opportunity
for the first time to sell the Companys AARP product. The Company is currently targeting the
fourth quarter of 2008 for rollout of the agent-sold AARP product.
Margins for both auto and homeowners are under pressure as carriers have generally been willing to
allow their combined ratios to increase in order to grow written premium. For auto, written
pricing was flat for 2007 and did not keep pace with loss costs which increased due to a higher
frequency of auto claims and a higher severity of bodily injury claims. In response to rising loss
costs, in 2008 the Company began to increase auto insurance rates in certain states for certain
classes of business to maintain profitability. While carriers in the personal lines industry will
continue to compete on price, management expects that auto pricing in the industry will continue to
firm a bit in 2008 as combined ratios have risen in the past couple of years and eroded
profitability. Throughout 2007, the Company increased its estimate of current accident year loss
costs for auto liability claims, due primarily to higher than anticipated frequency on AARP and
Agency business. In 2008, management expects claim frequency on auto claims to stabilize, but
expects claim severity to increase relative to 2007, resulting in a current accident year loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio on auto claims that is relatively flat to the prior year.
For homeowners, written pricing increased 5% for the 2007 full year and 2% in the first six months
of 2008, primarily reflecting an increase in coverage limits due to rising replacement costs.
Non-catastrophe loss costs of homeowners claims increased in both 2007 and the first six months of
2008 due to higher claim severity and management expects this trend to continue.
For Personal Lines, the Company expects a 2008 combined ratio before catastrophes and prior
accident year development in the range of 88.0 to 91.0. The combined ratio before catastrophes and
prior accident year development was 88.6 in 2007. To help maintain profitability, the Company is
seeking to achieve greater economy of scale, enhance its products, improve its pricing structure
and expand market access.
To summarize, managements outlook in Personal Lines for the 2008 full year is:
|
|
Written premium 1% higher to 2% lower, with both auto and homeowners written premium 1%
higher to 2% lower |
|
|
A combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development of 88.0 to 91.0 |
94
SMALL COMMERCIAL
Premiums [1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Change |
|
Written premiums |
|
$ |
679 |
|
|
$ |
694 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,422 |
|
|
$ |
1,434 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Earned premiums |
|
|
683 |
|
|
|
684 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,370 |
|
|
|
1,365 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The difference between written premiums and earned premiums is attributable to the change in
unearned premium reserve. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium Measures |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
New business premium |
|
$ |
117 |
|
|
$ |
126 |
|
|
$ |
244 |
|
|
$ |
255 |
|
Premium renewal retention |
|
|
81 |
% |
|
|
84 |
% |
|
|
82 |
% |
|
|
85 |
% |
Written pricing decrease |
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Earned pricing decrease |
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
Policies in-force end of period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,057,058 |
|
|
|
1,020,262 |
|
Earned Premiums
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Earned premiums for the Small Commercial segment were relatively flat for both the three and six
month periods, as the effect of new business outpacing non-renewals over the last nine months of
2007 and first three months of 2008 was largely offset by the effect of earned pricing decreases.
While the Company has focused on increasing new business from its agents and expanding writings in
certain territories, actions taken by some of the Companys competitors to increase market share
and increase business appetite in certain classes of risks and actions taken by the Company to
reduce workers compensation rates in certain states have contributed to the decrease in written
premiums from 2007 to 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
New business premium
|
|
|
|
New business written premium
was down $9, or 7%, in the three
months ended June 30, 2008 and down
$11, or 4%, for the six months ended
June 30, 2008. In both the three
and six months ended June 30, 2008,
the decrease in new business written
premium was primarily driven by a
decrease in new package and
commercial automobile business,
largely due to increased
competition. New business declined
despite the use of lower pricing on
targeted accounts and an increase in
commissions paid to agents. |
|
|
|
|
|
Premium renewal retention
|
|
|
|
Premium renewal retention
decreased from 84% to 81% in the
three month period and decreased
from 85% to 82% in the six month
period due largely to the effect of
a decrease in written pricing for
workers compensation business. |
|
|
|
|
|
Earned pricing increase (decrease)
|
|
|
|
For both the three and six
month periods, earned pricing
decreased for workers compensation
and commercial auto and was flat for
package business. As written
premium is earned over the 12-month
term of the policies, the earned
pricing changes during the three and
six month periods ended June 30,
2008 were primarily a reflection of
written pricing decreases of 1% over
the last nine months of 2007 and
written pricing decreases of 2% over
the first three months of 2008. |
|
|
|
|
|
Policies in-force
|
|
|
|
While earned premium was
flat for both the three and six
month periods, the number of
policies in-force has increased 4%
from June 30, 2007 to June 30, 2008.
The growth in policies in-force
does not correspond directly with
the change in earned premiums due to
the effect of changes in earned
pricing and changes in the average
premium per policy. |
95
Small Commercial Underwriting Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Written premiums |
|
$ |
679 |
|
|
$ |
694 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,422 |
|
|
$ |
1,434 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Change in unearned premium reserve |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
10 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
(25 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
|
683 |
|
|
|
684 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,370 |
|
|
|
1,365 |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
380 |
|
|
|
399 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
|
|
750 |
|
|
|
796 |
|
|
|
(6 |
%) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
192 |
% |
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
132 |
% |
Prior accident years |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(27 |
) |
|
|
93 |
% |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
(32 |
) |
|
|
88 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
413 |
|
|
|
384 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
790 |
|
|
|
783 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
159 |
|
|
|
159 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
318 |
|
|
|
319 |
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results |
|
$ |
69 |
|
|
$ |
101 |
|
|
|
(32 |
%) |
|
$ |
188 |
|
|
$ |
185 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
55.5 |
|
|
|
58.4 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
|
|
|
54.6 |
|
|
|
58.4 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
(3.4 |
) |
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
(1.8 |
) |
Prior accident years |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(3.9 |
) |
|
|
(3.6 |
) |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(2.3 |
) |
|
|
(2.0 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
60.4 |
|
|
|
56.3 |
|
|
|
(4.1 |
) |
|
|
57.6 |
|
|
|
57.4 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
Expense ratio |
|
|
29.0 |
|
|
|
28.8 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
28.3 |
|
|
|
28.9 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
Policyholder dividend ratio |
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio |
|
|
89.8 |
|
|
|
85.4 |
|
|
|
(4.4 |
) |
|
|
86.2 |
|
|
|
86.5 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Catastrophe ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year |
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
(3.4 |
) |
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
(1.8 |
) |
Prior years |
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total catastrophe ratio |
|
|
5.3 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
(3.4 |
) |
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
(1.7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
|
|
84.5 |
|
|
|
83.4 |
|
|
|
(1.1 |
) |
|
|
82.9 |
|
|
|
84.9 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior
accident years development |
|
|
84.9 |
|
|
|
87.5 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
83.3 |
|
|
|
87.4 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
Underwriting results and ratios
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Underwriting results decreased by $32, from $101 to $69, with a corresponding 4.4 point increase in
the combined ratio, from 85.4 to 89.8, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in earned premiums |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Ratio change A decrease in the current accident loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio before catastrophes |
|
|
19 |
|
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
(23 |
) |
Reserve changes Decrease in net favorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
(25 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
(29 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
No change in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
|
|
Increase in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Increase in operating expenses |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
(32 |
) |
|
|
|
|
96
Earned premium decreased by $1
For the three months ended June 30, 2008, earned premiums for the Small Commercial segment remained
relatively flat, at $683. Refer to the earned premium section above for discussion.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses increased by $29
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes decreased by
$19
Small Commercials current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
decreased by $19 in 2008, to $380, primarily due to a 2.9 point decrease in the current accident
year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes, to 55.5. The decrease in this
ratio was primarily due to a lower loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for workers compensation
business, partially offset by a higher loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for package business.
Workers compensation claim frequency has been trending favorably for recent accident years due to
improved workplace safety and underwriting actions and the lower loss and loss adjustment expense
ratio for the 2008 accident year includes an assumption that this decreasing level of claim
frequency will continue. The loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for the 2007 accident year
recorded in 2007 did not give as much credence to this lower level of claim frequency. The effect
of lower claim frequency for workers compensation claims was partially offset by the effect of
earned pricing decreases. For package business, the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio before
catastrophes and prior accident year development increased modestly as the effect of strengthening
current accident year reserves in 2008 by $7 for liability claims was partly offset by the effect
of lower non-catastrophe property losses, primarily driven by lower claim severity.
Current accident year catastrophes increased by $23
Current accident year catastrophe losses of $35, or 5.2 points, in 2008 were higher than current
accident year catastrophe losses of $12, or 1.8 points, in 2007, primarily due to tornadoes and
thunderstorms in the South and Midwest.
Net favorable prior accident year development decreased by $25
Net favorable prior accident year development of $2 in 2008 included an $18 release of workers
compensation reserves related to accident years 2000 to 2007, largely offset by a $10 strengthening
of reserves for claims under Small Commercial package policies related to accident year 2007. Net
favorable reserve development of $27 in 2007 included a $30 release of small commercial reserves
for accident years 2003 through 2006, principally related to package business and workers
compensation business sold through payroll service providers.
Operating expense increased by $2
The expense ratio increased by 0.2 points to 29.0, primarily due to a modest $2 increase in
insurance operating costs and other expenses. There was no change in amortization of deferred
policy acquisition costs as earned premium remained relatively flat.
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Underwriting results increased by $3, from $185 to $188, with a corresponding 0.3 point improvement
in the combined ratio, from 86.5 to 86.2, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Increase in earned premiums |
|
$ |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Ratio change A decrease in the current accident loss and loss adjustment expense ratio before
catastrophes |
|
|
49 |
|
Volume change Increase in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before
catastrophes due to the increase in earned premium |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes |
|
|
46 |
|
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
(25 |
) |
Reserve changes Decrease in net favorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
1 |
|
Decrease in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in operating expenses |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
97
Earned premium increased by $5
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, earned premiums for the Small Commercial segment remained
relatively flat at $1,370. Refer to the earned premium section above for discussion.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses increased by $7
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes decreased by
$46
Small Commercials current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
decreased by $46 in 2008, to $750, primarily due to a 3.8 point decrease in the current accident
year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes, to 54.6. The decrease in this
ratio was primarily due to a lower loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for workers compensation
and package business. Workers compensation claim frequency has been trending favorably for recent
accident years due to improved workplace safety and underwriting actions and the lower loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio for the 2008 accident year includes an assumption that this
decreasing level of claim frequency will continue. The loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for
the 2007 accident year recorded in 2007 did not give as much credence to this lower level of claim
frequency. The effect of lower claim frequency for workers compensation claims was partially
offset by the effect of earned pricing decreases. The lower current accident year loss and loss
adjustment expense ratio for package business included the effect of lower non-catastrophe property
losses, primarily driven by lower claim severity.
Current accident year catastrophes increased by $25
Current accident year catastrophe losses of $44, or 3.2 points, in 2008 were higher than current
accident year catastrophe losses of $19, or 1.4 points, in 2007, primarily due to tornadoes and
thunderstorms in the South and Midwest.
Net favorable prior accident year development decreased by $28
Net favorable prior accident year development of $4 in 2008 included a $39 release of workers
compensation reserves related to accident years 2000 to 2007, largely offset by a $17 strengthening
of reserves for general liability and products liability claims primarily for accident years 2004
and prior and $10 strengthening of reserves for claims under package policies related to accident
year 2007. Net favorable reserve development of $32 in 2007 included a $30 release of small
commercial reserves for accident years 2003 through 2006, principally related to package business
and workers compensation business sold through payroll service providers.
Operating expenses decreased by $5
The expense ratio decreased by 0.6 points, to 28.3, in 2008, primarily due to a $4 decrease in
insurance operating costs and expenses, driven, in part, by a decrease in estimated contingent
commissions related to 2007 agent compensation.
98
Outlook
Management expects written premium in 2008 to be 1% higher to 2% lower than in 2007 as it seeks to
increase the flow of new business from its agents. Small Commercial expects to increase written
premium by selectively expanding its underwriting appetite, refining its pricing models and
upgrading product features. The Company expects to provide more pricing flexibility in 2008 by
adding a pricing tier for workers compensation business. In addition, the Company plans to
introduce in 2008 an enhanced renewal pricing model for the Companys Spectrum business owners
package product. Despite a decline in new business in 2007 and the first six months of 2008,
management expects new business will increase modestly in the latter half of 2008, driven by an
increased flow of new business submissions from the larger producers. Including supplemental
commissions, the Company has increased commissions paid to agents and expects that this will help
it achieve its growth objectives in 2008.
Through technology and process improvements, in 2008, the Company plans to improve efficiency and
service levels in its underwriting centers and enhance the agents on-line experience. Average
premium per policy is expected to continue to decline due to the sale of more liability-only
policies, workers compensation rate reductions and a lower average premium on Next Generation Auto
business. (Refer to the Business Section in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report for further
discussion on Small Commercials Next Generation Auto Business). Written pricing for Small
Commercial business has declined modestly, by 3%, in the first six months of 2008, as carriers have
competed for new business through new product features and expanded coverage. In 2008, the Company
will continue to focus on renewal retention, particularly in the mid-Western states, where
competition has been particularly strong.
Reflecting favorable trends in workers compensation frequency in recent accident years, Small
Commercial recognized a lower 2008 accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for
workers compensation business in the first six months of 2008. Management believes that the
expected favorable frequency on workers compensation claims will continue for the balance of the
year. While the Company experienced favorable non-catastrophe property losses on package business
and commercial auto claims in the first six months of 2008 due to favorable severity, management is
not projecting loss cost severity to be as favorable for the balance of the year. Based on
anticipated trends in earned pricing and loss costs, the combined ratio before catastrophes and
prior accident year development is expected to be in the range of 83.0 to 86.0 in 2008. The
combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development was 88.0 in 2007.
To summarize, managements outlook in Small Commercial for the 2008 full year is:
|
|
Written premium 1% higher to 2% lower |
|
|
A combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development of 83.0 to 86.0 |
99
MIDDLE MARKET
Premiums [1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Written premiums |
|
$ |
513 |
|
|
$ |
536 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,061 |
|
|
$ |
1,093 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
Earned premiums |
|
|
559 |
|
|
|
592 |
|
|
|
(6 |
%) |
|
|
1,135 |
|
|
|
1,197 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The difference between written premiums and earned premiums is attributable to the change in
unearned premium reserve. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium Measures |
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
New business premium |
|
$ |
100 |
|
|
$ |
97 |
|
|
$ |
204 |
|
|
$ |
203 |
|
Premium renewal retention |
|
|
78 |
% |
|
|
76 |
% |
|
|
79 |
% |
|
|
77 |
% |
Written pricing increase (decrease) |
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
(6 |
%) |
|
|
(4 |
%) |
Earned pricing increase (decrease) |
|
|
(6 |
%) |
|
|
(5 |
%) |
|
|
(5 |
%) |
|
|
(5 |
%) |
Policies in-force end of period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
82,578 |
|
|
|
79,539 |
|
Earned Premiums
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Earned premiums for the Middle Market segment decreased by $33, or 6%, for the three months ended
June 30, 2008 and decreased by $62, or 5%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008. For both
periods, the decrease was primarily due to earned pricing decreases in 2008 and the effect of
non-renewals outpacing new business written premium over the last nine months of 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
New business premium
|
|
|
|
New business written premium
increased by $3, or 3%, to $100 in
the second quarter of 2008 and was
relatively unchanged, at $204 for
the first six months of 2008. New
business written premium increased
for workers compensation in the
three and six month period and
increased for property in the six
month period. Partially offsetting
these increases in new business was
a decrease in new business for
commercial auto in both the three
and six month periods. While
continued price competition and the
effect of some state-mandated rate
reductions in workers compensation
has lessened the attractiveness of
new business in certain lines and
regions, the Company has increased
new business for workers
compensation due, in part, to the
effect of increasing commissions and
targeting business in selected
industries and regions of the
country. |
|
|
|
|
|
Premium renewal retention
|
|
|
|
Premium renewal retention
increased from 76% to 78% for the
three month period and increased
from 77% to 79% for the six month
period due largely to an increase in
retention of workers compensation
business for the three month period
and an increase in other lines for
the six month period, partially
offset by the effect of written
pricing decreases. The Company
continued to take actions to protect
renewals in the first six months of
2008, including the use of reduced
pricing on targeted accounts. |
|
|
|
|
|
Earned pricing increase (decrease)
|
|
|
|
Earned pricing decreased in
all lines of business, including
workers compensation, commercial
auto, general liability, property
and marine. As written premium is
earned over the 12-month term of the
policies, the earned pricing changes
during the second quarter and first
six months of 2008 were primarily a
reflection of mid-single digit
written pricing decreases over the
last nine months of 2007 and the
first three months of 2008. A
number of carriers have continued to
compete fairly aggressively on
price, particularly on larger
accounts within Middle Market, which
has contributed to mid-single digit
price decreases across the industry. |
|
|
|
|
|
Policies in-force
|
|
|
|
While the number of policies
in-force increased by 4% from June
30, 2007 to June 30, 2008, due
largely to growth on smaller
accounts, earned premium declined
due to the reduction in the average
premium per policy. |
100
Middle Market Underwriting Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Written premiums |
|
$ |
513 |
|
|
$ |
536 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,061 |
|
|
$ |
1,093 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
Change in unearned premium reserve |
|
|
(46 |
) |
|
|
(56 |
) |
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
(74 |
) |
|
|
(104 |
) |
|
|
29 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
|
559 |
|
|
|
592 |
|
|
|
(6 |
%) |
|
|
1,135 |
|
|
|
1,197 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
369 |
|
|
|
381 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
|
|
741 |
|
|
|
761 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
NM |
|
Prior accident years |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
(38 |
) |
|
|
16 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
380 |
|
|
|
384 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
745 |
|
|
|
787 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
258 |
|
|
|
269 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
23 |
% |
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results |
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
34 |
|
|
|
(97 |
%) |
|
$ |
52 |
|
|
$ |
67 |
|
|
|
(22 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
66.2 |
|
|
|
64.2 |
|
|
|
(2.0 |
) |
|
|
65.3 |
|
|
|
63.5 |
|
|
|
(1.8 |
) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
5.8 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
(4.9 |
) |
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
(2.9 |
) |
Prior accident years |
|
|
(3.9 |
) |
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
3.4 |
|
|
|
(3.3 |
) |
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
4.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
68.1 |
|
|
|
64.6 |
|
|
|
(3.5 |
) |
|
|
65.7 |
|
|
|
65.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
Expense ratio |
|
|
29.4 |
|
|
|
28.5 |
|
|
|
(0.9 |
) |
|
|
28.4 |
|
|
|
28.0 |
|
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
Policyholder dividend ratio |
|
|
2.4 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
(1.3 |
) |
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio |
|
|
99.8 |
|
|
|
94.1 |
|
|
|
(5.7 |
) |
|
|
95.5 |
|
|
|
94.4 |
|
|
|
(1.1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Catastrophe ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year |
|
|
5.8 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
(4.9 |
) |
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
(2.9 |
) |
Prior years |
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total catastrophe ratio |
|
|
5.4 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
(4.6 |
) |
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
(3.2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
|
|
94.4 |
|
|
|
93.4 |
|
|
|
(1.0 |
) |
|
|
91.8 |
|
|
|
93.9 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior
accident years development |
|
|
97.9 |
|
|
|
93.7 |
|
|
|
(4.2 |
) |
|
|
95.1 |
|
|
|
92.2 |
|
|
|
(2.9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results and ratios
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30 2007
Underwriting results decreased by $33, from $34 to $1, with a corresponding 5.7 point increase in
the combined ratio, from 94.1 to 99.8, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in earned premiums |
|
$ |
(33 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Volume change Decrease in current accident year loss and loss adjustment expenses before
catastrophes due to the decrease in earned premium |
|
|
21 |
|
Ratio change An increase in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio
before catastrophes |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes |
|
|
12 |
|
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
(28 |
) |
Reserve changes Increase in net favorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
4 |
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
5 |
|
Increase in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net increase in operating expenses |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
(33 |
) |
|
|
|
|
101
Earned premium decreased by $33
Earned premiums for the Middle Market segment decreased by $33, or 6%, driven primarily by
decreases in commercial auto, general liability and workers compensation. Refer to the earned
premium section for further discussion.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses decreased by $4
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes decreased by
$12
Middle Market current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
decreased by $12 due to a decrease in earned premium, partially offset by the effect of an increase
in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes. Before
catastrophes, the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio increased by 2.0
points, to 66.2, primarily due to higher non-catastrophe losses on property business, driven by a
number of large individual claims, and the effect of earned pricing decreases.
Current accident year catastrophes increased by $28
Current accident year catastrophe losses of $33, or 5.8 points, in 2008 were higher than current
accident year catastrophe losses of $5, or 0.9 points, in 2007, primarily due to tornadoes and
thunderstorms in the South and Midwest.
Net favorable prior accident year development increased by $20
Net favorable reserve development of $22 in 2008 included a $23 release of reserves for high hazard
and umbrella general liability claims, primarily related to the 2001 to 2006 accident years.
Operating expenses increased by $4
The $5 decrease in the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs was largely due to the
decrease in earned premium. Insurance operating costs and expenses increased by $9 primarily due
to a $7 increase in policyholder dividends. The increase in policyholder dividends was primarily
due to an $11 increase in the estimated amount of dividends payable to certain workers
compensation policyholders due to underwriting profits. The expense ratio increased by 0.9 points,
to 29.4, because of a reduction in earned premium and a slight increase in insurance operating
costs and expenses other than policyholder dividends, including IT costs.
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30 2007
Underwriting results decreased by $15, from $67 to $52, with a corresponding 1.1 point increase in
the combined ratio, from 94.4 to 95.5, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in earned premiums |
|
$ |
(62 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Volume change Decrease in current accident year loss and loss adjustment expenses before
catastrophes due to the decrease in earned premium |
|
|
40 |
|
Ratio change An increase in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio
before catastrophes |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes |
|
|
20 |
|
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
(32 |
) |
Reserve changes Change to net favorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
42 |
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
11 |
|
Increase in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in operating expenses |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
(15 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Earned premium decreased by $62
Earned premiums for the Middle Market segment decreased by $62, or 5%, driven primarily by
decreases in commercial auto, workers compensation and general liability. Refer to the earned
premium section for further discussion.
102
Losses and loss adjustment expenses decreased by $42
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes decreased by
$20
Middle Market current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
decreased by $20 due to a decrease in earned premium, partially offset by the effect of an increase
in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes. Before
catastrophes, the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio increased by 1.8
points, to 65.3, primarily due to higher non-catastrophe losses on property and marine business,
driven by a number of large individual claims, and the effect of earned pricing decreases.
Current accident year catastrophes increased by $32
Current accident year catastrophe losses of $42, or 3.7 points, in 2008 were higher than current
accident year catastrophe losses of $10, or 0.8 points, in 2007, primarily due to tornadoes and
thunderstorms in the South and Midwest.
Prior accident year reserve development changed by $54 from net unfavorable to net favorable
development
Prior accident year reserve development changed from net unfavorable prior accident year reserve
development of $16, or 1.3 points, in 2007 to net favorable prior accident year reserve development
of $38, or 3.3 points, in 2008. Net favorable reserve development of $38 in 2008 included a $37
release of reserves for high hazard and umbrella general liability claims, primarily related to the
2001 to 2006 accident years and a $19 release of workers compensation reserves, partially offset
by a $30 strengthening of reserves for general liability and products liability claims primarily
related to accident years 2004 and prior.
Operating expenses decreased by $5
The $11 decrease in the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs was largely due to the
decrease in earned premium. Insurance operating costs and expenses increased by $6 primarily due
to a $7 increase in policyholder dividends. The increase in policyholder dividends was primarily
due to an $11 increase in the estimated amount of dividends payable to certain workers
compensation policyholders due to underwriting profits. The expense ratio increased by 0.4 points,
to 28.4, due to the reduction in earned premium and an increase in insurance operating costs and
expenses other than policyholder dividends, including IT costs.
103
Outlook
Management expects written premium to be 2% to 5% lower in 2008 as the Company takes a disciplined
approach to evaluating and pricing risks in the face of declines in written pricing. Contributing
to the expected decline in Middle Market written premium is the effect of state-mandated rate
reductions in workers compensation and increased competition in specific geographic markets and
lines. For both workers compensation and commercial auto products, the Company is improving the
sophistication of its pricing models in order to target business in selected industries and regions
of the country. Including supplemental commissions, the Company has increased commissions paid to
agents and expects that this will help it achieve its growth objectives in 2008.
Written pricing has been affected by increased competition for new business as evidenced by written
pricing decreases of 5% in 2007 and 6% in the first six months of 2008. Market conditions in the
commercial lines industry continue to be soft with written pricing likely to continue to decline in
2008, more so on the larger accounts. Through the end of 2007, The Hartfords new business had
been declining due to the increased competition and written pricing decreases. However, new
business written premium increased in the first six months of 2008 for workers compensation and
property business. In 2008, the Company will continue to focus on protecting its renewals.
Consistent with claims experience for the 2007 accident year, during 2008, management expects an
increase in claim costs as an increase in expected severity will likely offset the effect of a
reduction in expected claim frequency. Loss costs are expected to continue to increase across many
lines of business in Middle Market, including non-catastrophe property claims covered under
property, marine and commercial auto policies. Based on anticipated trends in earned pricing and
loss costs, the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development is expected
to be in the range of 93.5 to 96.5 in 2008. The combined ratio before catastrophes and prior
accident year development was 93.8 in 2007.
To summarize, managements outlook in Middle Market for the 2008 full year is:
|
|
Written premium 2% to 5% lower |
|
|
|
A combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development of 93.5 to 96.5 |
104
SPECIALTY COMMERCIAL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Written Premiums [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property |
|
$ |
30 |
|
|
$ |
59 |
|
|
|
(49 |
%) |
|
$ |
54 |
|
|
$ |
100 |
|
|
|
(46 |
%) |
Casualty |
|
|
135 |
|
|
|
147 |
|
|
|
(8 |
%) |
|
|
294 |
|
|
|
312 |
|
|
|
(6 |
%) |
Professional liability, fidelity and surety |
|
|
176 |
|
|
|
178 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
328 |
|
|
|
337 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
Other |
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
362 |
|
|
$ |
405 |
|
|
|
(11 |
%) |
|
$ |
719 |
|
|
$ |
791 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned Premiums [1] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property |
|
$ |
40 |
|
|
$ |
49 |
|
|
|
(18 |
%) |
|
$ |
84 |
|
|
$ |
101 |
|
|
|
(17 |
%) |
Casualty |
|
|
132 |
|
|
|
138 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
264 |
|
|
|
279 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
Professional liability, fidelity and surety |
|
|
169 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
339 |
|
|
|
338 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other |
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
(5 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
362 |
|
|
$ |
378 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
$ |
729 |
|
|
$ |
762 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The difference between written premiums and earned premiums is attributable to the change in
unearned premium reserve. |
Earned premiums
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Earned premiums for the Specialty Commercial segment decreased by $16, or 4%, for the three month
period and by $33, or 4%, for the six month period, primarily due to a decrease in casualty and
property earned premiums.
|
|
Property earned premiums decreased by $9, or 18%, for the three month period and by $17, or
17%, for the six month period, primarily due to the Companys decision to stop writing
specialty property business with large, national accounts, the effect of increased competition
for core excess and surplus lines business and the effect of an arrangement with Berkshire
Hathaway to share premiums written under subscription policies sold in the excess and surplus
lines market. Under the arrangement with Berkshire Hathaway that commenced in the second
quarter of 2007, a share of excess and surplus lines business that was previously written
entirely by the Company is now being written in conjunction with Berkshire Hathaway under
subscription policies, whereby both companies share, or participate, in the business written.
As a result of increased competition and capacity for core excess and surplus lines business,
the Company has experienced a decrease in earned pricing, lower new business growth and lower
premium renewal retention since the third quarter of 2007, particularly for
catastrophe-exposed business. |
|
|
Casualty earned premiums decreased by $6, or 4%, for the three month period and by $15, or
5%, for the six month period, primarily because of earned pricing decreases and, for the six
month period, a decline in new business premium on loss-sensitive business written with larger
accounts. |
|
|
Professional liability, fidelity and surety earned premium remained relatively flat from
2007 to 2008 in both the three and six month periods as a modest increase in surety earned
premium was offset by a modest decrease in professional liability earned premium. While
surety earned premium has increased, the growth rate has declined in the first six months of
2008 due to the increased competition for public construction projects and reduced private
construction activity. The decrease in earned premium from professional liability business
was primarily due to earned pricing decreases and a decrease in new business written premium,
partially offset by the effect of a decrease in the portion of risks ceded to outside
reinsurers. |
|
|
Within the Other category, earned premium remained relatively flat from 2007 to 2008 in
both the three and six month periods. The Other category of earned premiums includes
premiums assumed under inter-segment arrangements. |
105
Specialty Commercial Underwriting Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Written premiums |
|
$ |
362 |
|
|
$ |
405 |
|
|
|
(11 |
%) |
|
$ |
719 |
|
|
$ |
791 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
Change in unearned premium reserve |
|
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
(100 |
%) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
29 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
|
362 |
|
|
|
378 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
729 |
|
|
|
762 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
245 |
|
|
|
256 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
493 |
|
|
|
511 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
NM |
|
Prior accident years |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
13 |
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
235 |
|
|
|
272 |
|
|
|
(14 |
%) |
|
|
460 |
|
|
|
513 |
|
|
|
(10 |
%) |
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
162 |
|
|
|
(3 |
%) |
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
14 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results |
|
$ |
20 |
|
|
$ |
(2 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
$ |
63 |
|
|
$ |
44 |
|
|
|
43 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current accident year before catastrophes |
|
|
67.4 |
|
|
|
68.0 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
67.6 |
|
|
|
66.9 |
|
|
|
(0.7 |
) |
Current accident year catastrophes |
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
(1.3 |
) |
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
Prior accident years |
|
|
(4.2 |
) |
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
(5.6 |
) |
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
|
|
65.1 |
|
|
|
72.4 |
|
|
|
7.3 |
|
|
|
63.1 |
|
|
|
67.3 |
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
Expense ratio |
|
|
28.6 |
|
|
|
27.8 |
|
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
|
|
27.5 |
|
|
|
26.5 |
|
|
|
(1.0 |
) |
Policyholder dividend ratio |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio |
|
|
94.7 |
|
|
|
100.6 |
|
|
|
5.9 |
|
|
|
91.4 |
|
|
|
94.2 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Catastrophe ratio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year |
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
(1.3 |
) |
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
Prior years |
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
(1.1 |
) |
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total catastrophe ratio |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
|
|
93.3 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
|
|
|
6.7 |
|
|
|
91.4 |
|
|
|
94.4 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior
accident years development |
|
|
97.0 |
|
|
|
96.3 |
|
|
|
(0.7 |
) |
|
|
95.9 |
|
|
|
93.8 |
|
|
|
(2.1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other revenues [1] |
|
$ |
96 |
|
|
$ |
91 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
$ |
182 |
|
|
$ |
173 |
|
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Represents servicing
revenue. |
Underwriting results and ratios
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Underwriting results increased by $22, with a corresponding 5.9 point decrease in the combined
ratio, to 94.7, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in earned premiums |
|
$ |
(16 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Volume change Decrease in current accident year loss and loss
adjustment expenses before catastrophes due to the decrease in
earned premium |
|
|
11 |
|
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophe losses |
|
|
(3 |
) |
Reserve changes Change from net unfavorable to net favorable
prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
3 |
|
Increase in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in operating expenses |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
22 |
|
|
|
|
|
106
Earned premium decreased by $16
Earned premiums for the Specialty Commercial segment decreased by $16, or 4%, primarily due to
decreases in casualty and property earned premiums. Refer to the earned premium section above for
further discussion.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses decreased by $37
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes decreased by
$11
Specialty Commercial current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
decreased by $11 in 2008, to $245, primarily due to a decrease in earned premium. The loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development decreased by
0.6 points, to 67.4, primarily due to lower non-catastrophe property losses, partially offset by a
higher loss and loss adjustment ratio on directors and officers insurance for professional
liability business, driven by earned pricing decreases.
Prior accident year reserve development changed by $29 from net unfavorable to net favorable
development
Prior accident year reserve development changed from net unfavorable development of $13, or 3.8
points, in 2007 to net favorable development of $16, or 4.2 points, in 2008. Net favorable reserve
development of $16 in the second quarter of 2008 included a $10 release of reserves for directors
and officers insurance and errors and omissions insurance for the 2004 to 2006 accident years. Net
unfavorable reserve development of $13 in the second quarter of 2007 consisted primarily of reserve
strengthening for allocated loss adjustment expenses on national account casualty business.
Operating expenses decreased by $1
The expense ratio increased by 0.8 points, to 28.6, as insurance operating costs and expenses
increased by $2, primarily due to set up costs associated with the launch of the Hartford Financial
Products International office and increased net acquisition costs related to writing a greater mix
of higher net commission small commercial and private directors and officers insurance. The
decrease in the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs was commensurate with the
decrease in earned premium.
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Underwriting results increased by $19, with a corresponding 2.8 point decrease in the combined
ratio, to 91.4, due to:
|
|
|
|
|
Change in underwriting results |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in earned premiums |
|
$ |
(33 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
|
|
Volume change Decrease in current accident year loss and loss adjustment expenses before
catastrophes due to the decrease in earned premium |
|
|
22 |
|
Ratio change Increase in the current accident year non-catastrophe loss and loss adjustment
expense ratio before catastrophes |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes |
|
|
18 |
|
Catastrophes Increase in current accident year catastrophe losses |
|
|
(6 |
) |
Reserve changes Increase in net favorable prior accident year reserve development |
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in losses and loss adjustment expenses |
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
Decrease in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
|
|
5 |
|
Increase in insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Net increase in operating expenses |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in underwriting results from 2007 to 2008 |
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premium decreased by $33
Earned premiums for the Specialty Commercial segment decreased by $33, or 4%, primarily due to a
decrease in casualty and property earned premiums. Refer to the earned premium section above for
further discussion.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses decreased by $53
Current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes decreased by
$18
Specialty Commercial current accident year losses and loss adjustment expenses before catastrophes
decreased by $18 in 2008, to $493, primarily due to a decrease in earned premium. The loss and
loss adjustment expense ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development increased by
0.7 points, to 67.6, primarily due to a higher loss and loss adjustment ratio on directors and
officers insurance in professional liability, driven by earned pricing decreases.
107
Increase in net favorable prior accident year development by $41
Net favorable prior accident year reserve development increased $41, or 5.7 points. Net favorable
prior accident year reserve development of $41 in 2008 included a $20 release of reserves for
directors and officers insurance and errors and omissions insurance claims related to accident
years 2003 to 2006 and a $10 release of reserves for construction defect claims related to accident
years 2001 and prior. Prior accident year reserve development in the first six months of 2007
included reserve strengthening for allocated loss adjustment expenses on national account casualty
business, offset by other reserve strengthenings.
Operating expenses increased by $1
The expense ratio increased by 1.0 point, to 27.5, as insurance operating costs and expenses
increased by $6, primarily due to set up costs associated with the launch of the Hartford Financial
Products International office and increased net acquisition costs related to writing a greater mix
of higher net commission small commercial and private directors and officers insurance. The
decrease in the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs of $5 was commensurate with the
decrease in earned premium.
108
Outlook
In 2008, the Company expects written premium for the Specialty Commercial segment to be 5% to 8%
lower. For property business, the Company expects written premium to decrease, largely because of
the decision to stop writing specialty property business with large, national accounts. Also
contributing to the expected decline in property written premium is a decrease in written premium
for the Companys core excess and surplus lines property business. Under an arrangement with
Berkshire Hathaway that commenced in the second quarter of 2007, a share of core excess and surplus
lines business that was previously written entirely by the Company is now being written in
conjunction with Berkshire Hathaway under subscription policies, whereby both companies share, or
participate, in the business written. While the arrangement with Berkshire Hathaway enables the
Company to offer its insureds larger policy limits and thereby enhance its competitive position,
marketplace capacity and competition have increased significantly, particularly for
catastrophe-exposed business. In addition, standard admitted markets have expanded their appetite
for core excess and surplus lines business which has significantly increased competition.
Management expects a decrease in casualty written premium in 2008 due largely to lower written
pricing and a decrease in new business premium in construction, larger loss-sensitive accounts, and
captive programs. Despite the expected decrease in written premiums within the specialty casualty
business, the Company will continue to focus on improving interaction with agents by reducing the
number of internal touch points through the underwriting process and will realign the field office
organization to better serve specialty construction accounts.
Within professional liability, fidelity and surety, management expects written premium to be
relatively flat for 2008. The Company will focus on D&O and E&O new business opportunities with
both large and middle market private companies and seeks to grow its business in Europe through its
new underwriting office in the United Kingdom. In addition, the Company will continue to
cross-sell professional liability coverage to small businesses that purchase business owners
package policies and capitalize on the increased demand for separate Side-A D&O insurance limits of
liability that provide protection to individual directors and officers to the extent their company
is unwilling or unable to indemnify them against litigation. In the face of written pricing
decreases, the Company will maintain underwriting discipline when writing professional liability
coverage for larger public companies.
Written premium from surety business is expected to be down slightly as this segment of the market
has been affected by increased competition for public construction projects and reduced private
construction activity. The Company will seek to diversify its portfolio of commercial surety
business, including a focus on growing our small bond book of business. Written premium growth
could be lower than planned in any one or all of the Specialty Commercial businesses if written
pricing is less favorable than anticipated and management determines that new and renewal business
is not adequately priced.
Written pricing has been decreasing in professional liability and property lines of business.
Since 2006, competition has intensified for professional liability business, particularly for
directors and officers insurance coverage. A lower frequency of shareholder class action cases
in 2005 and 2006 has put downward pressure on rates. Increased volatility in the equity and debt
markets along with the evolving fall out of the sub-prime mortgage market led to a rebound of such
cases in 2007 and a stabilization of rates in affected industries. Written pricing for property
business began to decline in the second half of 2007, primarily due to price competition which has
resulted in lower pricing in the standard core excess and surplus lines markets. The industry has
increased its capacity and appetite to write business in catastrophe-prone markets and this has
increased competition in those markets.
As a percentage of earned premiums, management expects that losses and loss adjustment expenses
will increase in 2008 for professional liability, casualty and property business with the increase
driven primarily by lower earned pricing. The Company expects its sub-prime loss activity to be
manageable based on several factors. Principal among them is the diversified nature of the product
and customer portfolio with the majority of the Companys total in-force professional liability net
written premium derived from policyholders with privately-held ownership and, therefore, relatively
low shareholder class action exposure. Furthermore, only 12% of the portfolio is from financial
services firms, the area most directly affected by the sub-prime and credit environment fall out.
Among the Companys policyholders considered to have the greatest sub-prime loss exposure, the
Companys average net limit exposed is $7 at an average attachment point of $96. Given the
anticipated trends in pricing and loss costs in Specialty Commercial, management expects a combined
ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development in the range of 96.0 to 99.0 for
2008. The combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development was 94.4 in 2007.
To summarize, managements outlook in Specialty Commercial for the 2008 full year is:
|
|
Written premium 5% to 8% lower |
|
|
A combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development of 96.0 to 99.0 |
109
OTHER OPERATIONS (INCLUDING ASBESTOS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CLAIMS)
Operating Summary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Written premiums |
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
4 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
NM |
|
Change in unearned premium reserve |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earned premiums |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
NM |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses prior years |
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
(53 |
%) |
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
(48 |
%) |
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting results |
|
|
(58 |
) |
|
|
(120 |
) |
|
|
52 |
% |
|
|
(77 |
) |
|
|
(144 |
) |
|
|
47 |
% |
Net investment income |
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
(7 |
%) |
|
|
112 |
|
|
|
123 |
|
|
|
(9 |
%) |
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(67 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
NM |
|
Income tax benefit |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
(93 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
(100 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
3 |
|
|
$ |
(40 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
$ |
17 |
|
|
$ |
(8 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Other Operations segment includes operations that are under a single management structure,
Heritage Holdings, which is responsible for two related activities. The first activity is the
management of certain subsidiaries and operations of the Company that have discontinued writing new
business. The second is the management of claims (and the associated reserves) related to
asbestos, environmental and other exposures. The Other Operations book of business contains
policies written from approximately the 1940s to 2003. The Companys experience has been that this
book of run-off business has, over time, produced significantly higher claims and losses than were
contemplated at inception.
Three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
Net income for the three months ended June 30, 2008 increased $43 compared to the prior year
period, driven primarily by the following:
|
|
A $62 increase in underwriting results, primarily due to a $61 decrease in unfavorable
prior year loss development. Reserve development in the three months ended June 30, 2008
included $50 of asbestos reserve strengthening as a result of the Companys annual asbestos
reserve evaluation. For the comparable three month period ended June 30, 2007, reserve
development included $99 principally as a result of an adverse arbitration decision. |
|
|
A $25 decrease in income tax benefit, as a result of a change from a net loss before taxes
in 2007 to net income before taxes in 2008. |
Six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2008 increased $25 compared to the prior year period,
driven primarily by the following:
|
|
A $67 increase in underwriting results, primarily due to a $64 decrease in unfavorable
prior year loss development. Reserve development in the six months ended June 30, 2008
included $50 of asbestos reserve strengthening as a result of the Companys annual asbestos
reserve evaluation. For the comparable six month period ended June 30, 2007, reserve
development included $99 principally as a result of an adverse arbitration decision. |
|
|
An $11 decrease in net investment income, primarily as a result of a decrease in investment
yield for partnerships and other alternative investments and, to a lesser extent, a decrease
in investment yield for fixed maturities and a decrease in invested assets resulting from net
losses and loss adjustment expenses paid. |
|
|
A $16 decrease in net realized capital gains (losses) in 2008, primarily due to
impairments, decreases in the value of credit derivatives due to credit spreads widening and,
to a lesser extent, net realized losses from the sale of securities. |
|
|
A $15 decrease in income tax benefit, as a result of a change from a net loss before taxes
in 2007 to net income before taxes in 2008. |
110
Asbestos and Environmental Claims
The Company continues to receive asbestos and environmental claims. Asbestos claims relate
primarily to bodily injuries asserted by people who came in contact with asbestos or products
containing asbestos. Environmental claims relate primarily to pollution and related clean-up
costs.
The Company wrote several different categories of insurance contracts that may cover asbestos and
environmental claims. First, the Company wrote primary policies providing the first layer of
coverage in an insureds liability program. Second, the Company wrote excess policies providing
higher layers of coverage for losses that exhaust the limits of underlying coverage. Third, the
Company acted as a reinsurer assuming a portion of those risks assumed by other insurers writing
primary, excess and reinsurance coverages. Fourth, subsidiaries of the Company participated in the
London Market, writing both direct insurance and assumed reinsurance business.
With regard to both environmental and particularly asbestos claims, significant uncertainty limits
the ability of insurers and reinsurers to estimate the ultimate reserves necessary for unpaid
losses and related expenses. Traditional actuarial reserving techniques cannot reasonably estimate
the ultimate cost of these claims, particularly during periods where theories of law are in flux.
The degree of variability of reserve estimates for these exposures is significantly greater than
for other more traditional exposures. In particular, the Company believes there is a high degree
of uncertainty inherent in the estimation of asbestos loss reserves.
In the case of the reserves for asbestos exposures, factors contributing to the high degree of
uncertainty include inadequate loss development patterns, plaintiffs expanding theories of
liability, the risks inherent in major litigation, and inconsistent emerging legal doctrines.
Furthermore, over time, insurers, including the Company, have experienced significant changes in
the rate at which asbestos claims are brought, the claims experience of particular insureds, and
the value of claims, making predictions of future exposure from past experience uncertain.
Plaintiffs and insureds also have sought to use bankruptcy proceedings, including pre-packaged
bankruptcies, to accelerate and increase loss payments by insurers. In addition, some
policyholders have asserted new classes of claims for coverages to which an aggregate limit of
liability may not apply. Further uncertainties include insolvencies of other carriers and
unanticipated developments pertaining to the Companys ability to recover reinsurance for asbestos
and environmental claims. Management believes these issues are not likely to be resolved in the
near future.
In the case of the reserves for environmental exposures, factors contributing to the high degree of
uncertainty include expanding theories of liability and damages, the risks inherent in major
litigation, inconsistent decisions concerning the existence and scope of coverage for environmental
claims, and uncertainty as to the monetary amount being sought by the claimant from the insured.
It is also not possible to predict changes in the legal and legislative environment and their
effect on the future development of asbestos and environmental claims. Although potential Federal
asbestos-related legislation was considered by the Senate in 2006, it is uncertain whether such
legislation will be reconsidered or enacted in the future and, if enacted, what its effect would be
on the Companys aggregate asbestos liabilities.
The reporting pattern for assumed reinsurance claims, including those related to asbestos and
environmental claims, is much longer than for direct claims. In many instances, it takes months or
years to determine that the policyholders own obligations have been met and how the reinsurance in
question may apply to such claims. The delay in reporting reinsurance claims and exposures adds to
the uncertainty of estimating the related reserves.
Given the factors described above, the Company believes the actuarial tools and other techniques it
employs to estimate the ultimate cost of claims for more traditional kinds of insurance exposure
are less precise in estimating reserves for its asbestos and environmental exposures. For this
reason, the Company relies on exposure-based analysis to estimate the ultimate costs of these
claims and regularly evaluates new information in assessing its potential asbestos and
environmental exposures.
111
Reserve Activity
Reserves and reserve activity in the Other Operations segment are categorized and reported as
asbestos, environmental, or all other. The all other category of reserves covers a wide range
of insurance and assumed reinsurance coverages, including, but not limited to, potential liability
for construction defects, lead paint, silica, pharmaceutical products, molestation and other
long-tail liabilities. In addition, within the all other category of reserves, Other Operations
records its allowance for future reinsurer insolvencies and disputes that might affect reinsurance
collectibility associated with asbestos, environmental, and other claims recoverable from
reinsurers.
The following table presents reserve activity, inclusive of estimates for both reported and
incurred but not reported claims, net of reinsurance, for Other Operations, categorized by
asbestos, environmental and all other claims, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.
Other Operations Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
|
Asbestos |
|
|
Environmental |
|
|
All Other [1] |
|
Total |
|
Beginning liability net [2][3] |
|
$ |
1,949 |
|
|
$ |
244 |
|
|
$ |
1,874 |
|
|
$ |
4,067 |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred |
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses paid |
|
|
(36 |
) |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(72 |
) |
|
|
(115 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending liability net [2][3] |
|
$ |
1,967 |
[4] |
|
$ |
237 |
|
|
$ |
1,803 |
|
|
$ |
4,007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
|
Asbestos |
|
|
Environmental |
|
|
All Other [1] |
|
Total |
|
Beginning liability net [2][3] |
|
$ |
1,998 |
|
|
$ |
251 |
|
|
$ |
1,888 |
|
|
$ |
4,137 |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred |
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
70 |
|
Losses and loss adjustment expenses paid |
|
|
(87 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
(99 |
) |
|
|
(200 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending liability net [2][3] |
|
$ |
1,967 |
[4] |
|
$ |
237 |
|
|
$ |
1,803 |
|
|
$ |
4,007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
All Other includes unallocated loss adjustment expense reserves and the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance. |
|
[2] |
|
Excludes asbestos and environmental net liabilities reported in Ongoing Operations of $12 and $6, respectively, as of June
30, 2008, $9 and $5, respectively, as of March 31, 2008, and $9 and $6, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. Total net
losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred in Ongoing Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
includes $7 and $8, respectively, related to asbestos and environmental claims. Total net losses and loss adjustment
expenses paid in Ongoing Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 includes $3 and $5, respectively,
related to asbestos and environmental claims. |
|
[3] |
|
Gross of reinsurance, asbestos and environmental reserves, including liabilities in Ongoing Operations, were $2,676 and
$271, respectively, as of June 30, 2008, $2,654 and $278, respectively, as of March 31, 2008, and $2,707 and $290,
respectively, as of December 31, 2007. |
|
[4] |
|
The one year and average three year net paid amounts for asbestos claims, including Ongoing Operations, are $265 and $279,
respectively, resulting in a one year net survival ratio of 7.5 and a three year net survival ratio of 7.1. Net survival
ratio is the quotient of the net carried reserves divided by the average annual payment amount and is an indication of the
number of years that the net carried reserve would last (i.e. survive) if the future annual claim payments were consistent
with the calculated historical average. |
During the second quarter of 2008, the Company completed its annual ground up asbestos reserve
evaluation. As part of this evaluation, the Company reviewed all of its open direct domestic
insurance accounts exposed to asbestos liability as well as assumed reinsurance accounts and its
London Market exposures for both direct insurance and assumed reinsurance. The Company found
estimates for individual cases changed based upon the particular circumstances of each account.
These changes were case specific and not as a result of any underlying change in the current
environment. The net effect of these changes resulted in a $50 increase in net asbestos reserves.
The Company currently expects to continue to perform an evaluation of its asbestos liabilities
annually.
The Company divides its gross asbestos exposures into Direct, Assumed Reinsurance and London
Market. The Company further divides its direct asbestos exposures into the following categories:
Major Asbestos Defendants (the Top 70 accounts in Tillinghasts published Tiers 1 and 2 and
Wellington accounts), which are subdivided further as: Structured Settlements, Wellington, Other
Major Asbestos Defendants; Accounts with Future Expected Exposures greater than $2.5; Accounts with
Future Expected Exposures less than $2.5 and Unallocated.
|
|
Structured Settlements are those accounts where the Company has reached an agreement with
the insured as to the amount and timing of the claim payments to be made to the insured. |
|
|
The Wellington subcategory includes insureds that entered into the Wellington Agreement
dated June 19, 1985. The Wellington Agreement provided terms and conditions for how the
signatory asbestos producers would access their coverage from the signatory insurers. |
|
|
The Other Major Asbestos Defendants subcategory represents insureds included in Tiers 1 and
2, as defined by Tillinghast that are not Wellington signatories and have not entered into
structured settlements with The Hartford. The Tier 1 and 2 classifications are meant to
capture the insureds for which there is expected to be significant exposure to asbestos
claims. |
|
|
The Unallocated category includes an estimate of the reserves necessary for asbestos claims
related to direct insureds that have not previously tendered asbestos claims to the Company
and exposures related to liability claims that may not be subject to an aggregate limit under
the applicable policies. |
112
An account may move between categories from one evaluation to the next. For example, an account
with future expected exposure of greater than $2.5 in one evaluation may be reevaluated due to
changing conditions and recategorized as less than $2.5 in a subsequent evaluation or vice versa.
The following table displays asbestos reserves and other statistics by policyholder category, as of
June 30, 2008:
Summary of Gross Asbestos Reserves
As of June 30, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
All Time |
|
|
Total |
|
|
All Time |
|
|
|
Accounts [1] |
|
|
Paid [2] |
|
|
Reserves |
|
|
Ultimate [2] |
|
Major asbestos defendants [4] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Structured settlements (includes 2 Wellington accounts) |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$ |
194 |
|
|
$ |
408 |
|
|
$ |
602 |
|
Wellington (direct only) |
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
968 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
1,035 |
|
Other major asbestos defendants |
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
482 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
650 |
|
No known policies (includes 3 Wellington accounts) |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts with future exposure > $2.5 |
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
715 |
|
|
|
603 |
|
|
|
1,318 |
|
Accounts with future exposure < $2.5 |
|
|
1,090 |
|
|
|
282 |
|
|
|
119 |
|
|
|
401 |
|
Unallocated [5] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,653 |
|
|
|
444 |
|
|
|
2,097 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total direct |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,294 |
|
|
$ |
1,809 |
|
|
$ |
6,103 |
|
Assumed reinsurance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,058 |
|
|
|
497 |
|
|
|
1,555 |
|
London market |
|
|
|
|
|
|
558 |
|
|
|
370 |
|
|
|
928 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total as of June 30, 2008 [3] |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
5,910 |
|
|
$ |
2,676 |
|
|
$ |
8,586 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
An account may move between categories from one evaluation to the next. Reclassifications were made as a result of the
reserve evaluation completed in the second quarter of 2008. |
|
[2] |
|
All Time Paid represents the total payments with respect to the indicated claim type that have already been made by the
Company as of the indicated balance sheet date. All Time Ultimate represents the Companys estimate, as of the indicated
balance sheet date, of the total payments that are ultimately expected to be made to fully settle the indicated payment
type. The amount is the sum of the amounts already paid (e.g. All Time Paid) and the estimated future payments (e.g. the
amount shown in the column labeled Total Reserves). |
|
[3] |
|
Survival ratio is a commonly used industry ratio for comparing reserve levels between companies. While the method is
commonly used, it is not a predictive technique. Survival ratios may vary over time for numerous reasons such as large
payments due to the final resolution of certain asbestos liabilities, or reserve re-estimates. The survival ratio is
computed by dividing the recorded reserves by the average of the past three years of payments. The ratio is the calculated
number of years the recorded reserves would survive if future annual payments were equal to the average annual payments for
the past three years. The 3-year gross survival ratio of 6.1 as of June 30, 2008 is computed based on total paid losses of
$1,321 for the period from July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2008, the one year gross paid amount for total
asbestos claims is $279, resulting in a one year gross survival ratio of 9.6. |
|
[4] |
|
Includes 25 open accounts at June 30, 2008. Included 26 open accounts at June 30, 2007. |
|
[5] |
|
Includes closed accounts (exclusive of Major Asbestos Defendants) and unallocated IBNR. |
For paid and incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses reporting, the Company classifies its
asbestos and environmental reserves into three categories: Direct, Assumed Domestic and London
Market. Direct insurance includes primary and excess coverage. Assumed reinsurance includes both
treaty reinsurance (covering broad categories of claims or blocks of business) and facultative
reinsurance (covering specific risks or individual policies of primary or excess insurance
companies). London Market business includes the business written by one or more of the Companys
subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, which are no longer active in the insurance or reinsurance
business. Such business includes both direct insurance and assumed reinsurance.
Of the three categories of claims (Direct, Assumed Domestic and London Market), direct policies
tend to have the greatest factual development from which to estimate the Companys exposures.
Assumed reinsurance exposures are inherently less predictable than direct insurance exposures
because the Company may not receive notice of a reinsurance claim until the underlying direct
insurance claim is mature. This causes a delay in the receipt of information at the reinsurer
level and adds to the uncertainty of estimating related reserves.
London Market exposures are the most uncertain of the three categories of claims. As a participant
in the London Market (comprised of both Lloyds of London and London Market companies), certain
subsidiaries of the Company wrote business on a subscription basis, with those subsidiaries
involvement being limited to a relatively small percentage of a total contract placement. Claims
are reported, via a broker, to the lead underwriter and, once agreed to, are presented to the
following markets for concurrence. This reporting and claim agreement process makes estimating
liabilities for this business the most uncertain of the three categories of claims.
113
The following table sets forth, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, paid and incurred
loss activity by the three categories of claims for asbestos and environmental.
Paid and Incurred Losses and Loss Adjustment Expense (LAE) Development Asbestos and
Environmental
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asbestos [1] |
|
|
Environmental [1] |
|
|
|
Paid |
|
|
Incurred |
|
|
Paid |
|
|
Incurred |
|
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
|
Losses & LAE |
|
|
Losses & LAE |
|
|
Losses & LAE |
|
|
Losses & LAE |
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct |
|
$ |
34 |
|
|
$ |
74 |
|
|
$ |
6 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Assumed Domestic |
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
London Market |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ceded |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net |
|
$ |
36 |
|
|
$ |
54 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct |
|
$ |
69 |
|
|
$ |
76 |
|
|
$ |
14 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Assumed Domestic |
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
London Market |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
76 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ceded |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net |
|
$ |
87 |
|
|
$ |
56 |
|
|
$ |
14 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Excludes asbestos and environmental paid and incurred loss and LAE reported in Ongoing
Operations. Total gross loss and LAE incurred in Ongoing Operations for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008 includes $7 and $8, respectively, related to asbestos and
environmental claims. Total gross loss and LAE paid in Ongoing Operations for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008 includes $1 and $4, respectively, related to asbestos and
environmental claims. |
A number of factors affect the variability of estimates for asbestos and environmental reserves
including assumptions with respect to the frequency of claims, the average severity of those claims
settled with payment, the dismissal rate of claims with no payment and the expense to indemnity
ratio. The uncertainty with respect to the underlying reserve assumptions for asbestos and
environmental adds a greater degree of variability to these reserve estimates than reserve
estimates for more traditional exposures. While this variability is reflected in part in the size
of the range of reserves developed by the Company, that range may still not be indicative of the
potential variance between the ultimate outcome and the recorded reserves. The recorded net
reserves as of June 30, 2008 of $2.22 billion ($1.98 billion and $243 for asbestos and
environmental, respectively) is within an estimated range, unadjusted for covariance, of $1.86
billion to $2.47 billion. The process of estimating asbestos and environmental reserves remains
subject to a wide variety of uncertainties, which are detailed in the Companys 2007 Form 10-K
Annual Report. The Company believes that its current asbestos and environmental reserves are
reasonable and appropriate. However, analyses of future developments could cause the Company to
change its estimates and ranges of its asbestos and environmental reserves, and the effect of these
changes could be material to the Companys consolidated operating results, financial condition and
liquidity.
During the second quarter of 2008, the Company also completed its annual evaluation of the
collectibility of the reinsurance recoverables and the adequacy of the allowance for uncollectible
reinsurance associated with older, long-term casualty liabilities reported in the Other Operations
segment. The evaluation resulted in no addition to the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.
In conducting this evaluation, the Company used its most recent detailed evaluations of ceded
liabilities reported in the segment. The Company analyzed the overall credit quality of the
Companys reinsurers, recent trends in arbitration and litigation outcomes in disputes between
cedants and reinsurers, and recent developments in commutation activity between reinsurers and
cedants. The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance reflects managements current estimate of
reinsurance cessions that may be uncollectible in the future due to reinsurers unwillingness or
inability to pay. As of June 30, 2008, the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance for Other
Operations totals $269. The Company currently expects to perform its regular comprehensive review
of Other Operations reinsurance recoverables annually. Uncertainties regarding the factors that
affect the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance could cause the Company to change its estimates,
and the effect of these changes could be material to the Companys consolidated results of
operations or cash flows.
The Company expects to perform its regular review of environmental liabilities in the third quarter
of 2008. Consistent with the Companys long-standing reserve practices, the Company will continue
to review and monitor its reserves in the Other Operations segment regularly, and where future
developments indicate, make appropriate adjustments to the reserves. For a discussion of the
Companys reserving practices, see the Critical Accounting EstimatesProperty & Casualty Reserves,
Net of Reinsurance and Other Operations (Including Asbestos and Environmental Claims) sections of
the MD&A included in the Companys 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
114
INVESTMENTS
General
The Hartfords investment portfolios are primarily divided between Life and Property & Casualty.
The investment portfolios of Life and Property & Casualty are managed by HIMCO, a wholly-owned
subsidiary of The Hartford. HIMCO manages the portfolios to maximize economic value, while
attempting to generate the income necessary to support the Companys various product obligations
within internally established objectives, guidelines and risk tolerances. The portfolio objectives
and guidelines are developed based upon the asset/liability profile, including duration, convexity
and other characteristics within specified risk tolerances. The risk tolerances considered
include, for example, asset and credit issuer allocation limits, maximum portfolio below investment
grade (BIG) holdings and foreign currency exposure. The Company attempts to minimize adverse
impacts to the portfolio and the Companys results of operations due to changes in economic
conditions through asset allocation limits, asset/liability duration matching and through the use
of derivatives. For a further discussion of how HIMCO manages the investment portfolios, see the
Investments section of the MD&A under the General section in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual
Report. For a further discussion of how the investment portfolios credit and market risks are
assessed and managed, see the Investment Credit Risk and Capital Markets Risk Management sections
of the MD&A.
Return on general account invested assets is an important element of The Hartfords financial
results. Significant fluctuations in the fixed income or equity markets could weaken the Companys
financial condition or its results of operations. Additionally, changes in market interest rates
may impact the period of time over which certain investments, such as MBS, are repaid and whether
certain investments are called by the issuers. Such changes may, in turn, impact the yield on
these investments and also may result in re-investment of funds received from calls and prepayments
at rates below the average portfolio yield. For the three and six months ended June 30, net
investment income and net realized capital gains (losses) contributed to and reduced the Companys
consolidated revenues by $2,101 and $(1,655), respectively, for 2008 and contributed $2,322 and
$3,851, respectively, for 2007. For the three and six months ended June 30, net investment income
and net realized capital gains (losses), excluding net investment income from trading securities,
contributed to consolidated revenues by $948 and $770, respectively, for 2008 and contributed
$1,088 and $2,407, respectively, for 2007. The decrease in the contribution to consolidated
revenues for 2008, as compared to the prior year period, is primarily due to a net loss in the
value of equity securities held for trading and realized capital losses in 2008.
Fluctuations in interest rates affect the Companys return on, and the fair value of, fixed
maturity investments, which comprised approximately 57% and 61% of the fair value of its invested
assets as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. Other events beyond the Companys
control, including changes in credit spreads, a downgrade of an issuers credit rating or default
of payment by an issuer, could also adversely impact the fair value of these investments.
A decrease in the fair value of any investment that is deemed other-than-temporary would result in
the Companys recognition of a net realized capital loss in its financial results prior to the
actual sale of the investment. Following the recognition of the other-than-temporary impairment
for fixed maturities, the Company accretes the new cost basis to par or to estimated future value
over the remaining life of the security based on future estimated cash flows by adjusting the
securitys yields. For a further discussion of the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairments,
see the Critical Accounting Estimates section of the MD&A under Evaluation of Other-Than-Temporary
Impairments on Available-for-Sale Securities section in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual
Report.
Life
The primary investment objective of Lifes general account is to maximize economic value consistent
with acceptable risk parameters, including the management of credit risk and interest rate
sensitivity of invested assets, while generating sufficient after-tax income to support
policyholder and corporate obligations.
The following table identifies the invested assets by type held in the general account as of June
30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Composition of Invested Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percent |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percent |
|
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value |
|
$ |
49,683 |
|
|
|
78.6 |
% |
|
$ |
52,542 |
|
|
|
82.6 |
% |
Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value |
|
|
1,194 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
% |
|
|
1,284 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
% |
Policy loans, at outstanding balance |
|
|
2,146 |
|
|
|
3.4 |
% |
|
|
2,061 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
% |
Mortgage loans, at amortized cost [1] |
|
|
5,135 |
|
|
|
8.1 |
% |
|
|
4,739 |
|
|
|
7.5 |
% |
Limited partnerships and other alternative investments [2] |
|
|
1,407 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
% |
|
|
1,306 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
% |
Short-term investments |
|
|
2,756 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
% |
|
|
1,158 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
% |
Other investments [3] |
|
|
894 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
% |
|
|
534 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total investments excl. equity securities, held for
trading |
|
$ |
63,215 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
63,624 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Equity securities, held for trading, at fair value [4] |
|
|
36,853 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
36,182 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total investments |
|
$ |
100,068 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
99,806 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Consist of commercial and agricultural loans. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes a real estate joint venture. |
|
[3] |
|
Primarily relates to derivative instruments. |
|
[4] |
|
These assets primarily support the International variable annuity
business. Changes in these balances are also reflected in the
respective liabilities. |
115
Total investments increased $262 since December 31, 2007 primarily as a result of an increase in
equity securities held for trading and positive operating cash flows, partially offset by increased
unrealized losses primarily due to a widening of credit spreads associated with fixed maturities.
Short-term investments as a percentage of total investments, excluding equity securities held for
trading, increased in preparation for funding liability outflows and in anticipation of investing
in more favorable risk/return opportunities. The increase in equity securities, held for trading,
of $671 resulted from foreign currency gains due to the appreciation of the Japanese yen in
comparison to the U.S. dollar as well as positive cash flows primarily generated from sales and
deposits related to variable annuity products sold in Japan, partially offset by a decline in value
of the underlying investment funds supporting the Japanese variable annuity product due to negative
market performance.
Lifes limited partnerships and other alternative investment composition has not significantly
changed since December 31, 2007. The following table summarizes Lifes limited partnerships and
other alternative investments as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Composition of Limited Partnerships and Other Alternative Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percent |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percent |
|
Hedge funds [1] |
|
$ |
506 |
|
|
|
36.0 |
% |
|
$ |
506 |
|
|
|
38.7 |
% |
Mortgage and real estate [2] |
|
|
338 |
|
|
|
24.0 |
% |
|
|
309 |
|
|
|
23.7 |
% |
Mezzanine debt [3] |
|
|
82 |
|
|
|
5.8 |
% |
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
% |
Private equity and other [4] |
|
|
481 |
|
|
|
34.2 |
% |
|
|
419 |
|
|
|
32.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,407 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
1,306 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Hedge funds include investments in funds of funds as well as direct
funds. The hedge funds of funds invest in approximately 25 to 50
different hedge funds within a variety of investment styles. Examples
of hedge fund strategies include long/short equity or credit, event
driven strategies and structured credit. |
|
[2] |
|
Mortgage and real estate funds consist of investments in funds whose
assets consist of mortgage loans, participations in mortgage loans,
mezzanine loans or other notes which may be below investment grade
credit quality as well as equity real estate. Also included is the
investment in real estate joint ventures. |
|
[3] |
|
Mezzanine debt funds consist of investments in funds whose assets
consist of subordinated debt that often times incorporates
equity-based options such as warrants and a limited amount of direct
equity investments. |
|
[4] |
|
Private equity and other funds primarily consist of investments in
funds whose assets typically consist of a diversified pool of
investments in small non-public businesses with high growth potential. |
Investment Results
The following table summarizes Lifes net investment income (loss).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Yield [1] |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Yield [1] |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Yield [1] |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Yield [1] |
|
Fixed maturities [2] |
|
$ |
711 |
|
|
|
5.4 |
% |
|
$ |
762 |
|
|
|
5.8 |
% |
|
$ |
1,466 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
$ |
1,519 |
|
|
|
5.8 |
% |
Equity securities, available-for-sale |
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
8.6 |
% |
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
% |
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
7.8 |
% |
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
7.1 |
% |
Mortgage loans |
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
6.0 |
% |
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
6.5 |
% |
|
|
143 |
|
|
|
5.9 |
% |
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
% |
Policy loans |
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
% |
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
6.5 |
% |
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
6.3 |
% |
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
6.7 |
% |
Limited partnerships and other
alternative investments |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
% |
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
19.8 |
% |
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
(1.2 |
%) |
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
17.5 |
% |
Other [3] |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(27 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Investment expense |
|
|
(21 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(35 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(36 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net investment income excl.
equity securities held for trading |
|
|
829 |
|
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
|
884 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
% |
|
|
1,648 |
|
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
|
1,736 |
|
|
|
6.0 |
% |
Equity securities, held for trading
[4] |
|
|
1,153 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,425 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,444 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net investment income (loss) |
|
$ |
1,982 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,118 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(777 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
3,180 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Yields calculated using investment income before investment expenses divided by the monthly weighted average invested
assets at cost, amortized cost, or adjusted carrying value, as applicable excluding collateral received associated with the
securities lending program and consolidated variable interest entity minority interests. Included in the fixed maturity
yield is Other income (loss) as it primarily relates to fixed maturities (see footnote [3] below). Included in the total
net investment income yield is investment expense. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes net investment income on short-term bonds. |
|
[3] |
|
Primarily represents fees associated with securities lending activities of $17 and $39, respectively, for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008, and $22 and $38, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007. The income
from securities lending activities is included within fixed maturities. Also included are derivatives that qualify for
hedge accounting under SFAS 133. These derivatives hedge fixed maturities. |
|
[4] |
|
Includes investment income and mark-to-market effects of equity securities, held for trading. |
116
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Net investment income, excluding equity securities, held for trading, decreased $55, or 6%, and
$88, or 5%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, compared to the prior
year period. The decrease in net investment income for both periods was primarily due to a
decrease in investment yield for fixed maturities and limited partnership and other alternative
investments. The decrease in the fixed maturity yield primarily resulted from lower income on
variable rate securities due to decreases in short-term interest rates year over year. The
decrease in limited partnerships and other alternative investments yield was largely due to lower
returns on hedge funds and real estate partnerships as a result of the lack of liquidity in the
financial markets and a wider credit spread environment. Based upon the current interest rate
environment, Life expects a lower fixed maturity yield in 2008, which coupled with a lower expected
yield from limited partnership and other alternative investments, is expected to result in a lower
average portfolio yield for 2008 as compared to 2007 levels.
The decrease in net investment income on equity securities, held for trading, for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the prior year periods was primarily attributed to a decline
in the value of the underlying investment funds supporting the Japanese variable annuity product
due to negative market performance year over year.
The following table summarizes Lifes net realized capital gains and losses results.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Gross gains on sale |
|
$ |
41 |
|
|
$ |
36 |
|
|
$ |
84 |
|
|
$ |
108 |
|
Gross losses on sale |
|
|
(45 |
) |
|
|
(52 |
) |
|
|
(155 |
) |
|
|
(92 |
) |
Impairments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit related [1] |
|
|
(64 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(275 |
) |
|
|
(12 |
) |
Other [2] |
|
|
(60 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(80 |
) |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total impairments |
|
|
(124 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(355 |
) |
|
|
(34 |
) |
Japanese fixed annuity contract hedges, net [3] |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
(17 |
) |
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
(12 |
) |
Periodic net coupon settlements on credit derivatives/Japan |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
(25 |
) |
SFAS 157 transition impact [4] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(650 |
) |
|
|
|
|
GMWB derivatives, net |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(133 |
) |
|
|
(123 |
) |
|
|
(111 |
) |
Other, net [5] |
|
|
(67 |
) |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
(208 |
) |
|
|
(32 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized capital losses, before-tax |
|
$ |
(228 |
) |
|
$ |
(221 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,448 |
) |
|
$ |
(198 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Relates to impairments for which the Company has current concerns regarding the issuers ability to pay future interest and principal
amounts based upon the securities contractual terms or the depression in security value is primarily related to significant issuer specific
or sector credit spread widening. |
|
[2] |
|
Primarily relates to impairments of securities that had declined in value primarily due to changes in interest rate or general or modest
spread widening and for which the Company was uncertain of its intent to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow
recovery to cost or amortized cost. |
|
[3] |
|
Relates to the Japanese fixed annuity product (product and related derivative hedging instruments excluding periodic net coupon settlements). |
|
[4] |
|
Includes losses from SFAS 157 transition impact of $616, $10 and $24 related to the embedded derivatives within GMWB-US, GMWB-UK and GMAB
liabilities, respectively. |
|
[5] |
|
Primarily consists of changes in fair value on non-qualifying derivatives and other investment gains and losses. |
The circumstances giving rise to the net realized capital gains and losses in these components are
as follows:
|
|
|
Gross Gains and
Losses on Sale
|
|
Gross gains on sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were predominantly within
fixed maturities and were primarily comprised of corporate securities. Gross losses on sales for the three
and six months ended June 30, 2008 were primarily comprised of corporate securities, municipal securities,
and CMBS, as well as $17 of CLOs in the first quarter for which HIMCO is the collateral manager. Gross gains
and losses on sale, excluding the loss on CLOs, primarily resulted from the decision to reallocate the
portfolio to securities with more favorable risk/return profiles. For more information regarding losses on
the sale of HIMCO managed CLOs, refer to the Variable Interest Entities section below. During the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, securities sold at a loss were depressed, on average, approximately 1% at
the respective periods impairment review date and were deemed to be temporarily impaired. |
|
|
|
|
|
Gross gains and losses on sales for three and six months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily
comprised of corporate securities. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, securities sold at
a loss were depressed, on average, approximately 1% at the respective periods impairment review date and
were deemed to be temporarily impaired. |
|
|
|
Impairments
|
|
See the Other-Than-Temporary Impairments section that follows for information on impairment losses. |
|
|
|
SFAS 157
|
|
The loss from the SFAS 157 transition impact to the GMWB and GMAB rider embedded derivatives was a
one-time loss resulting from the transition to this accounting standard. For further discussion of the SFAS
157 transition impact, see Note 4 in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
117
|
|
|
GMWB
|
|
Losses for the three months ended June 30, 2008 on GMWB
embedded derivatives were primarily due to market volatility and for
the six months ended June 30, 2008 were primarily due to mortality
assumptions updates. |
|
|
|
|
|
Losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 were
primarily the result of liability model assumption updates and model
refinements. Liability model assumption updates were primarily made
to reflect newly reliable market inputs for volatility. |
|
|
|
Other
|
|
Other, net losses for the three and six months ended June
30, 2008 were primarily related to net losses on credit derivatives
of $50 and $207, respectively. The net losses on credit derivatives
in the first quarter were due to significant credit spreads widening
on credit derivatives that assume credit exposure. The net losses
on credit derivatives in the second quarter were due to credit
spreads tightening significantly on credit derivatives that reduce
credit exposure on certain referenced corporate entities. Included
in the six months ended June 30, 2008 were losses incurred in the
first quarter on HIMCO managed CLOs. For more information regarding
these losses, refer to the Variable Interest Entities section below. |
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net losses for the three and six months ended June
30, 2007 were primarily driven by the change in value of
non-qualifying derivatives due to credit spreads widening as well as
fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. |
Property & Casualty
The primary investment objective for Property & Casualtys Ongoing Operations segment is to
maximize economic value while generating sufficient after-tax income to meet policyholder and
corporate obligations. For Property & Casualtys Other Operations segment, the investment
objective is to ensure the full and timely payment of all liabilities. Property & Casualtys
investment strategies are developed based on a variety of factors including business needs,
regulatory requirements and tax considerations.
The following table identifies the invested assets by type held as of June 30, 2008 and December
31, 2007.
Composition of Invested Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percent |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percent |
|
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value |
|
$ |
25,234 |
|
|
|
84.6 |
% |
|
$ |
27,205 |
|
|
|
88.8 |
% |
Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value |
|
|
1,327 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
% |
|
|
1,208 |
|
|
|
3.9 |
% |
Mortgage loans, at amortized cost [1] |
|
|
747 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
% |
|
|
671 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
% |
Limited partnerships and other alternative investments [2] |
|
|
1,398 |
|
|
|
4.7 |
% |
|
|
1,260 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
% |
Short-term investments |
|
|
1,073 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
% |
|
|
284 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
% |
Other investments |
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
% |
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total investments |
|
$ |
29,837 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
30,666 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Consist of commercial and agricultural loans. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes hedge fund investments outside of limited partnerships and real estate joint ventures. |
Total investments decreased $829 since December 31, 2007, primarily as a result of increased
unrealized losses primarily due to a widening of credit spreads associated with fixed maturities,
partially offset by positive operating cash flows. Short-term investments increased as a result of
the investment of proceeds received from fixed maturities sold in anticipation of investing in
favorable risk/return opportunities.
118
Property & Casualtys limited partnerships and other alternative investment composition has not
significantly changed since December 31, 2007. The following table summarizes Property & Casualtys
limited partnerships and other alternative investments as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Composition of Limited Partnerships and Other Alternative Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percent |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percent |
|
Hedge funds [1] |
|
$ |
793 |
|
|
|
56.7 |
% |
|
$ |
728 |
|
|
|
57.8 |
% |
Mortgage and real estate [2] |
|
|
318 |
|
|
|
22.7 |
% |
|
|
291 |
|
|
|
23.1 |
% |
Mezzanine debt [3] |
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
3.9 |
% |
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
Private equity and other [4] |
|
|
233 |
|
|
|
16.7 |
% |
|
|
193 |
|
|
|
15.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,398 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
1,260 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Hedge funds include investments in funds of funds as well as direct
funds. The hedge funds of funds invest in approximately 25 to 50
different hedge funds within a variety of investment styles. Examples
of hedge fund strategies include long/short equity or credit, event
driven strategies and structured credit. |
|
[2] |
|
Mortgage and real estate funds consist of investments in funds whose
assets consist of mortgage loans, participations in mortgage loans,
mezzanine loans or other notes which may be below investment grade
credit quality as well as equity real estate. Also included is the
investment in a real estate joint venture. |
|
[3] |
|
Mezzanine debt funds consist of investments in funds whose assets
consist of subordinated debt that often times incorporates
equity-based options such as warrants and a limited amount of direct
equity investments. |
|
[4] |
|
Private equity and other funds primarily consist of investments in
funds whose assets typically consist of a diversified pool of
investments in small non-public businesses with high growth potential. |
Investment Results
The following table below summarizes Property & Casualtys net investment income.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Yield [1] |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Yield [1] |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Yield [1] |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Yield [1] |
|
Fixed maturities [2] |
|
$ |
357 |
|
|
|
5.4 |
% |
|
$ |
373 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
% |
|
$ |
728 |
|
|
|
5.4 |
% |
|
$ |
743 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
% |
Equity securities, available-for-sale |
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
5.8 |
% |
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
6.5 |
% |
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
6.3 |
% |
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
% |
Mortgage loans |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
5.1 |
% |
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
6.2 |
% |
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
6.2 |
% |
Limited partnerships and other
alternative investments |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
4.8 |
% |
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
26.9 |
% |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
(0.5 |
%) |
|
|
95 |
|
|
|
21.6 |
% |
Other [3] |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Investment expense |
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income, before-tax |
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
|
446 |
|
|
|
6.3 |
% |
|
|
756 |
|
|
|
5.1 |
% |
|
|
859 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income,
after-tax [4] |
|
$ |
290 |
|
|
|
3.9 |
% |
|
$ |
333 |
|
|
|
4.7 |
% |
|
$ |
562 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
|
$ |
641 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Yields calculated using investment income before investment expenses divided by the monthly weighted average invested
assets at cost, amortized cost, or adjusted carrying value, as applicable, and collateral received associated with the
securities lending program. Included in the fixed maturity yield is Other income (loss) as it primarily relates to fixed
maturities (see footnote [3] below). Included in the total net investment income yield is investment expense. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes net investment
income on short-term bonds. |
|
[3] |
|
Primarily represents fees associated with securities lending activities of $9 and $18, respectively, for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008 and $10 and $14, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007. Also included
are derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133. These derivatives hedge fixed maturities. |
|
[4] |
|
Due to significant holdings in tax-exempt investments, after-tax net investment income and yield are also included. |
Three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2007
Before-tax net investment income decreased $55, or 12%, and $103, or 12%, and after-tax net
investment income decreased $43, or 13%, and $79, or 12%, for the three and six months ended June
30, 2008, respectively, compared to the prior year period. The decrease in net investment income
for both periods was primarily due to a decrease in investment yield for fixed maturities and
limited partnership and other alternative investments in 2008. The decrease in fixed maturity
yield primarily resulted from lower income on variable rate securities due to a decrease in
short-term interest rates year over year. The decrease in limited partnerships and other
alternative investments yield was largely due to lower returns on hedge funds and real estate
partnerships as a result of the lack of liquidity in the financial markets and a wider credit
spread environment. Based upon the current interest rate environment, Property & Casualty expects
a lower fixed maturity yield in 2008, which coupled with a lower expected yield from limited
partnership and other alternative investments, is expected to result in a lower average portfolio
yield for 2008 as compared to 2007 levels.
119
The following table summarizes Property & Casualtys net realized capital gains and losses results.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Gross gains on sale |
|
$ |
31 |
|
|
$ |
38 |
|
|
$ |
83 |
|
|
$ |
90 |
|
Gross losses on sale |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(36 |
) |
|
|
(113 |
) |
|
|
(62 |
) |
Impairments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit related [1] |
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(72 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
Other [2] |
|
|
(25 |
) |
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total impairments |
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
(113 |
) |
|
|
(21 |
) |
Periodic net coupon settlements on credit derivatives |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
Other, net [3] |
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized capital losses, before-tax |
|
$ |
(51 |
) |
|
$ |
(24 |
) |
|
$ |
(203 |
) |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Relates to impairments for which the Company has current concerns regarding the issuers ability to pay future interest and
principal amounts based upon the securities contractual terms or the depression in security value is primarily related to
significant issuer specific or sector credit spread widening. |
|
[2] |
|
Primarily relates to impairments of securities that had declined in value primarily due to changes in interest rate or
general or modest spread widening and for which the Company was uncertain of its intent to retain the investment for a
period of time sufficient to allow recovery to cost or amortized cost. |
|
[3] |
|
Primarily consists of changes in fair value on non-qualifying derivatives and other investment gains and losses. |
The circumstances giving rise to the net realized capital gains and losses in these components are
as follows:
|
|
|
Gross Gains and
Losses on Sale
|
|
Gross gains on sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were predominantly within
fixed maturities and were comprised of corporate and municipal securities. Gross losses on sales for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, were primarily comprised of corporate securities and CMBS, as
well as $19 of CLOs in the first quarter for which HIMCO is the collateral manager. Gross gains and losses
on sale, excluding the loss on CLOs, primarily resulted from the decision to reallocate the portfolio to
securities with more favorable risk/return profiles. For more information regarding losses on the sale of
HIMCO managed CLOs, refer to the Variable Interest Entities section below. During the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, securities sold at a loss were depressed, on average, approximately 3% at the
respective periods impairment review date and were deemed to be temporarily impaired. |
|
|
|
|
|
Gross gains and losses on sales for three and six months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily
comprised of corporate securities. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, securities sold at
a loss were depressed, on average, approximately 1% and 2%, respectively, at the respective periods
impairment review date and were deemed to be temporarily impaired. |
|
|
|
Impairments
|
|
See the Other-Than-Temporary Impairments section that follows for information on impairment losses. |
|
|
|
Other
|
|
Other, net losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were primarily related to net
losses on credit derivatives of $24 and $76, respectively. The net losses on credit derivatives in the
first quarter were due to significant credit spreads widening on credit derivatives that assume credit
exposure. The net losses on credit derivatives in the second quarter were due to credit spreads tightening
significantly on credit derivatives that reduce credit exposure on certain referenced corporate entities.
Included in the six months ended June 30, 2008 were losses incurred in the first quarter on HIMCO managed
CLOs. For more information regarding these losses, refer to the Variable Interest Entities section below. |
|
|
|
|
|
Other, net losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily driven by the
change in value of non-qualifying derivatives due to credit spreads widening. |
Corporate
The investment objective of Corporate is to raise capital through financing activities to support
the Life and Property & Casualty operations of the Company and to maintain sufficient funds to
support the cost of those financing activities including the payment of interest for The Hartford
Financial Services Group, Inc. (HFSG) issued debt and dividends to shareholders of The Hartfords
common stock. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, Corporate held $151 and $308,
respectively, of fixed maturity investments, $1.3 billion and $160, respectively, of short-term
investments and $98 and $103, respectively, of equity securities. Short-term investments increased
in anticipation of repayment of approximately $1.0 billion of
senior notes that will mature during the second half of 2008. For further
information on these notes, see Capital Resources and Liquidity section under Liquidity
Requirements. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, a put option agreement for the Companys
contingent capital facility with a fair value of $41 and $43 was included in Other invested assets.
Variable Interest Entities (VIE)
The Company is involved with variable interest entities as a collateral manager and as an investor
through normal investment activities. The Companys involvement includes providing investment
management and administrative services for a fee, and holding ownership or other investment
interests in the entities.
120
VIEs may or may not be consolidated on the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements.
When the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, all of the assets of the VIE are
consolidated into the Companys financial statements. The Company also reports a liability for the
portion of the VIE that represents the minority interest of other investors in the VIE. When the
Company concludes that it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE, the fair value of the
Companys investment in the VIE is recorded in the Companys financial statements.
The Companys maximum exposure to loss represents the maximum loss amount that the Company could
recognize as a reduction in net investment income or as a realized capital loss.
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had relationships with six and seven VIEs,
respectively, where the Company was the primary beneficiary. The following table sets forth the
carrying value of assets and liabilities, and the Companys maximum exposure to loss on these
consolidated VIEs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Exposure |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Exposure |
|
|
|
Assets |
|
|
Liabilities [1] |
|
|
to Loss |
|
|
Assets |
|
|
Liabilities [1] |
|
|
to Loss |
|
Collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) [2] |
|
$ |
346 |
|
|
$ |
47 |
|
|
$ |
291 |
|
|
$ |
128 |
|
|
$ |
47 |
|
|
$ |
107 |
|
Limited partnerships |
|
|
306 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
251 |
|
|
|
309 |
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
262 |
|
Other investments [3] |
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
154 |
|
|
|
291 |
|
|
|
377 |
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
317 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,043 |
|
|
$ |
256 |
|
|
$ |
833 |
|
|
$ |
814 |
|
|
$ |
165 |
|
|
$ |
686 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Creditors have no recourse against the Company in the event of default by the VIE. |
|
[2] |
|
The Company provides collateral management services and earns a fee associated with these structures. |
|
[3] |
|
Other investments include one unlevered investment bank loan fund for which the Company provides collateral management
services and earns an associated fee as well as two investment structures that are backed by preferred securities. |
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company also held variable interests in four and
five VIEs, respectively, where the Company is not the primary beneficiary. These investments have
been held by the Company for less than two years. The Companys maximum exposure to loss from
these non-consolidated VIEs as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 was $504 and $150,
respectively.
As of December 31, 2007, HIMCO was the collateral manager of four VIEs with provisions that allowed
for termination if the fair value of the aggregate referenced bank loan portfolio declined below a
stated level. These VIEs were market value CLOs that invested in senior secured bank loans through
total return swaps. Two of these market value CLOs were consolidated, and two were not
consolidated. During the first quarter of 2008, the fair value of the aggregate referenced bank
loan portfolio declined below the stated level in all four market value CLOs and the total return
swap counterparties terminated the transactions. Three of these CLOs were restructured from market
value CLOs to cash flow CLOs without market value triggers and the remaining CLO is expected to
terminate by the end of 2008. The Company realized a capital loss of $90, before-tax, $86 of which
was realized in the first quarter, from the termination of these CLOs. In connection with the
restructuring, the Company purchased interests in two of the
resulting VIEs, one of which the Company is the
primary beneficiary. These purchases resulted in an increase in the
Companys maximum exposure to loss for both consolidated and
non-consolidated VIEs.
Other-Than-Temporary Impairments
The following table identifies the Companys other-than-temporary impairments by type.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Six Months Ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
ABS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sub-prime residential mortgages |
|
$ |
20 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
81 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
|
CMBS |
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
155 |
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate |
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
153 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
Equity and other |
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other-than-temporary impairments |
|
$ |
164 |
|
|
$ |
40 |
|
|
$ |
468 |
|
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit related |
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
347 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
Other |
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
121 |
|
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other-than-temporary impairments |
|
$ |
164 |
|
|
$ |
40 |
|
|
$ |
468 |
|
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
121
Credit Related Impairments
Credit impairments were primarily concentrated in ABS, CMBS and financial services securities
included in Corporate and Equity and other in the table above for the three and six months ended June 30,
2008. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the majority of ABS impairments were on RMBS backed
by second lien residential mortgages and the majority of CMBS impairments were on CMBS CDOs that
contained below investment grade 2006 and 2007 collateral. For the three months ended June 30,
2008, ABS and CMBS impairments were primarily on securities that were previously impaired and
experienced further price deterioration.
For
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, Corporate and
Equity and other credit impairments were
primarily taken on subordinated fixed maturities and preferred equities within the financial
services sector.
These impairments were included in credit related either because of credit concerns or because the
impaired security experienced extensive credit spread widening and the Company was uncertain of its
intent to retain the investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for recovery. The
Company expects to recover principal and interest greater than what the market price indicates for
the majority of our credit impairments.
For the three months ended June 30, 2007, credit impairments were concentrated in a preferred
equity security that experienced significant issuer credit spread widening as a result of a
proposed leveraged buyout. Credit impairments for the six months ended June 30, 2007, related to
an ABS backed by aircraft lease receivables and a preferred equity security. The ABS impairment
was attributable to higher than expected aircraft maintenance costs and a ratings downgrade.
Other Impairments
Other impairments were primarily concentrated in Corporate and Equity and other for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008; these impairments were taken on securities which the Company is uncertain of
its intent to retain the investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for recovery. For
the three months ended June 30, 2008, the Company recorded other-than-temporary impairments of $42
on perpetual preferred securities issued by two government-sponsored entities with significant
exposure to residential mortgages. Prior to the other-than-temporary impairments, these Other
impaired securities had an average market value as a percentage of amortized cost of 81%.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, the other-than-temporary impairments reported in
Other were primarily corporate fixed maturities that had declines in value for which the Company
was uncertain of its intent to retain the investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for
recovery to amortized cost.
Future other-than-temporary impairments and recovery of previously recorded credit impairments will
depend primarily on economic fundamentals, political stability, issuer and/or collateral
performance and future movements in interest rates and credit spreads. If the economic
fundamentals continue to deteriorate, other-than-temporary impairments for 2008 could significantly
exceed the 2007 impairments of $483. For further discussion on sub-prime residential
mortgage-backed securities, CMBS, and corporate securities in the financial services sector, see
the Investment Credit Risk section below.
INVESTMENT CREDIT RISK
The Company has established investment credit policies that focus on the credit quality of obligors
and counterparties, limit credit concentrations, encourage diversification and require frequent
creditworthiness reviews. Investment activity, including setting of policy and defining acceptable
risk levels, is subject to regular review and approval by senior management and by The Hartfords
Board of Directors.
The Company invests primarily in securities which are rated investment grade and has established
exposure limits, diversification standards and review procedures for all credit risks including
borrower, issuer and counterparty. Creditworthiness of specific obligors is determined by
consideration of external determinants of creditworthiness, typically ratings assigned by
nationally recognized ratings agencies and is supplemented by an internal credit evaluation.
Obligor, asset sector and industry concentrations are subject to established Company limits and are
monitored on a regular basis.
The Company is not exposed to any credit concentration risk of a single issuer greater than 10% of
the Companys stockholders equity other than U.S. government and U.S. government agencies backed
by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. For further discussion of concentration of
credit risk, see the Concentration of Credit Risk section in Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Derivative Instruments
In the normal course of business, the Company uses various derivative counterparties in executing
its derivative transactions. The use of counterparties creates credit risk that the counterparty
may not perform in accordance with the terms of the derivative transaction. The Company has
developed a derivative counterparty exposure policy which limits the Companys exposure to credit
risk.
The derivative counterparty exposure policy establishes market-based credit limits, favors
long-term financial stability and creditworthiness of the counterparty and typically requires
credit enhancement/credit risk reducing agreements.
122
The Company minimizes the credit risk in derivative instruments by entering into transactions with
high quality counterparties rated A2/A or better, which are monitored by the Companys internal
compliance unit and reviewed frequently by senior management. In addition, the compliance unit
monitors counterparty credit exposure on a monthly basis to ensure compliance with Company policies
and statutory limitations. The Company also maintains a policy of requiring that derivative
contracts, other than exchange traded contracts, currency forward contracts, and certain embedded
derivatives, be governed by an International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreement
which is structured by legal entity and by counterparty and permits right of offset.
For each counterparty, the Company has developed credit exposure thresholds which are based upon
counterparty ratings. Credit exposures are measured using the market value of the derivative,
resulting in amounts owed to the Company by its counterparties or potential payment obligations
from the Company to its counterparties. Credit exposures are generally quantified daily and
collateral is pledged to and held by, or on behalf of, the Company to the extent the current value
of derivatives exceeds the exposure policy thresholds. The Company has exposure to credit risk for
amounts below the exposure thresholds which are uncollateralized.
The maximum uncollateralized threshold for a derivative counterparty for a single legal entity is
$10. The Company currently transacts derivatives in five legal entities and therefore the maximum
combined exposure for a single counterparty over all legal entities that use derivatives is $50.
To date, the Company has not incurred any losses on derivative instruments due to counterparty
nonperformance.
In addition to counterparty credit risk, the Company enters into credit derivative instruments to
manage credit exposure. Credit derivatives used by the Company include credit default swaps,
credit index swaps, and total return swaps.
Credit default swaps involve a transfer of credit risk of one or many referenced entities from one
party to another in exchange for periodic payments. The party that purchases credit protection
will make periodic payments based on an agreed upon rate and notional amount, and for certain
transactions there will also be an upfront premium payment. The second party, who assumes credit
exposure, will typically only make a payment if there is a credit event and such payment will be
equal to the notional value of the swap contract less the value of the referenced security issuers
debt obligation. A credit event is generally defined as default on contractually obligated
interest or principal payments or bankruptcy of the referenced entity.
Credit index swaps and total return swaps involve the periodic exchange of payments with other
parties, at specified intervals, calculated using the agreed upon index and notional principal
amounts. Generally, no cash or principal payments are exchanged at the inception of the contract.
The Company uses credit derivatives to assume credit risk from and reduce credit risk to a single
entity, referenced index, or asset pool. The credit default swaps in which the Company assumes
credit risk reference investment grade single corporate issuers, baskets of up to five corporate
issuers and diversified portfolios of corporate issuers. The diversified portfolios of corporate
issuers are established within sector concentration limits and are typically divided into tranches
which possess different credit ratings ranging from AAA through the CCC rated first loss position.
In addition to the credit default swaps that assume credit exposure, the Company also purchases
credit protection through credit default swaps to economically hedge and manage credit risk of
certain fixed maturity investments across multiple sectors of the investment portfolio.
The credit default swaps are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. The Company received
upfront premium payouts on certain credit default swaps of $204, which reduces the Companys
overall credit exposure. The following table summarizes the credit default swaps used by the
Company to manage credit risk within the portfolio, excluding credit default swaps with offsetting
positions.
Credit
Default Swaps
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Initial |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Initial |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Premium |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Premium |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Received |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Received |
|
|
Value |
|
Assuming credit risk |
|
$ |
1,752 |
|
|
$ |
(203 |
) |
|
$ |
(527 |
) |
|
$ |
2,715 |
|
|
$ |
(203 |
) |
|
$ |
(416 |
) |
Reducing credit risk |
|
|
4,579 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
166 |
|
|
|
5,166 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total credit default swaps |
|
$ |
6,331 |
|
|
$ |
(204 |
) |
|
$ |
(361 |
) |
|
$ |
7,881 |
|
|
$ |
(204 |
) |
|
$ |
(335 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the second quarter of 2008, the Company continued to reduce overall credit risk exposure to
general credit spread movements by both reducing and rebalancing the total notional amount of the
credit default swap portfolio. The Companys credit default swap portfolio has experienced and may
continue to experience market value fluctuations based upon certain market conditions, including
credit spread movement of specific referenced entities. For the three and six months ended June
30, 2008, the Company realized losses of $66 and $118, respectively, on credit default swaps.
Prior to the first quarter of 2008, the Company also assumed credit exposure through credit index
swaps referencing AAA rated CMBS indices. During the first and second quarter of 2008, the Company
realized a loss of $100 and $3, before-tax, respectively, as a result of these swaps maturing as
well as the Company eliminating exposure to the remaining swaps by entering into offsetting
positions. As of June 30, 2008, the Company does not have exposure to CMBS through credit
derivatives.
123
Fixed Maturities
The
following table identifies fixed maturities by quality on
a consolidated basis as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. The ratings referenced below are
based on the ratings of a nationally recognized rating organization or, if not rated, assigned
based on the Companys internal analysis of such securities.
Consolidated Fixed Maturities by Credit Quality
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Value |
|
AAA |
|
$ |
20,496 |
|
|
$ |
19,238 |
|
|
|
25.6 |
% |
|
$ |
28,547 |
|
|
$ |
28,318 |
|
|
|
35.4 |
% |
AA |
|
|
14,690 |
|
|
|
13,717 |
|
|
|
18.3 |
% |
|
|
11,326 |
|
|
|
10,999 |
|
|
|
13.7 |
% |
A |
|
|
19,259 |
|
|
|
18,344 |
|
|
|
24.4 |
% |
|
|
16,999 |
|
|
|
17,030 |
|
|
|
21.3 |
% |
BBB |
|
|
15,535 |
|
|
|
14,909 |
|
|
|
19.9 |
% |
|
|
15,093 |
|
|
|
14,974 |
|
|
|
18.7 |
% |
United States Government/Government
agencies |
|
|
4,985 |
|
|
|
5,005 |
|
|
|
6.7 |
% |
|
|
5,165 |
|
|
|
5,229 |
|
|
|
6.5 |
% |
BB & below |
|
|
4,132 |
|
|
|
3,855 |
|
|
|
5.1 |
% |
|
|
3,594 |
|
|
|
3,505 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total fixed maturities |
|
$ |
79,097 |
|
|
$ |
75,068 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
80,724 |
|
|
$ |
80,055 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Companys investment ratings as a percentage of total fixed maturities experienced a shift from
AAA rated to AA and A rated since December 31, 2007 primarily due to rating agency downgrades of
monoline insurers.
124
The following table identifies fixed maturity and equity securities classified as
available-for-sale on a consolidated basis as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Consolidated Available-for-Sale Securities by Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent |
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
of Total |
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
of Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Value |
|
ABS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auto |
|
$ |
614 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
(36 |
) |
|
$ |
579 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
% |
|
$ |
692 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(16 |
) |
|
$ |
676 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
% |
CLOs [1] |
|
|
2,911 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
(236 |
) |
|
|
2,677 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
% |
|
|
2,590 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(114 |
) |
|
|
2,476 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
% |
Credit cards |
|
|
1,038 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
(43 |
) |
|
|
997 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
% |
|
|
957 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
938 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
% |
RMBS [2] |
|
|
2,783 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
(659 |
) |
|
|
2,136 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
% |
|
|
2,999 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
(343 |
) |
|
|
2,666 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
% |
Student loan |
|
|
783 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(132 |
) |
|
|
651 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
% |
|
|
786 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
747 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
% |
Other [3] |
|
|
1,446 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
(263 |
) |
|
|
1,192 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
% |
|
|
1,491 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
(98 |
) |
|
|
1,412 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
% |
CMBS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bonds |
|
|
12,069 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
(1,119 |
) |
|
|
10,976 |
|
|
|
14.7 |
% |
|
|
13,641 |
|
|
|
126 |
|
|
|
(421 |
) |
|
|
13,346 |
|
|
|
16.7 |
% |
Commercial real
estate (CRE) CDOs |
|
|
2,066 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
(698 |
) |
|
|
1,381 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
2,243 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(390 |
) |
|
|
1,854 |
|
|
|
2.3 |
% |
Interest only (IOs) |
|
|
1,580 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
(38 |
) |
|
|
1,671 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
% |
|
|
1,741 |
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
(27 |
) |
|
|
1,831 |
|
|
|
2.3 |
% |
CMOs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agency backed |
|
|
867 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
890 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
% |
|
|
1,191 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
1,219 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
% |
Non-agency backed [4] |
|
|
474 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(38 |
) |
|
|
436 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
% |
|
|
525 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
526 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
% |
Corporate [5] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic industry |
|
|
2,739 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
(70 |
) |
|
|
2,718 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
% |
|
|
2,508 |
|
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
(34 |
) |
|
|
2,535 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
% |
Capital goods |
|
|
2,277 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
(68 |
) |
|
|
2,268 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
% |
|
|
2,194 |
|
|
|
86 |
|
|
|
(26 |
) |
|
|
2,254 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
% |
Consumer cyclical |
|
|
2,940 |
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
(125 |
) |
|
|
2,885 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
|
|
3,011 |
|
|
|
87 |
|
|
|
(60 |
) |
|
|
3,038 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
Consumer non-cyclical |
|
|
3,343 |
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
(69 |
) |
|
|
3,345 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
% |
|
|
3,008 |
|
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
(37 |
) |
|
|
3,060 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
Energy |
|
|
1,731 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
(29 |
) |
|
|
1,752 |
|
|
|
2.3 |
% |
|
|
1,595 |
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
1,654 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
% |
Financial services |
|
|
11,705 |
|
|
|
240 |
|
|
|
(1,010 |
) |
|
|
10,935 |
|
|
|
14.5 |
% |
|
|
11,934 |
|
|
|
230 |
|
|
|
(568 |
) |
|
|
11,596 |
|
|
|
14.4 |
% |
Technology and
communications |
|
|
4,121 |
|
|
|
137 |
|
|
|
(132 |
) |
|
|
4,126 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
|
3,763 |
|
|
|
181 |
|
|
|
(40 |
) |
|
|
3,904 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
% |
Transportation |
|
|
521 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
(26 |
) |
|
|
504 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
% |
|
|
401 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
400 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
% |
Utilities |
|
|
4,883 |
|
|
|
146 |
|
|
|
(187 |
) |
|
|
4,842 |
|
|
|
6.5 |
% |
|
|
4,500 |
|
|
|
181 |
|
|
|
(104 |
) |
|
|
4,577 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
% |
Other |
|
|
1,037 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(84 |
) |
|
|
956 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
% |
|
|
1,204 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
(48 |
) |
|
|
1,180 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
% |
Government/Government
agencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign |
|
|
958 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
979 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
% |
|
|
999 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
1,053 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
% |
United States |
|
|
1,376 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
1,383 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
836 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
855 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
% |
MBS |
|
|
2,384 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
(21 |
) |
|
|
2,372 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
% |
|
|
2,757 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
2,763 |
|
|
|
3.5 |
% |
Municipal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Taxable |
|
|
1,081 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
(70 |
) |
|
|
1,017 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
% |
|
|
1,376 |
|
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
(23 |
) |
|
|
1,386 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
% |
Tax-exempt |
|
|
11,370 |
|
|
|
257 |
|
|
|
(227 |
) |
|
|
11,400 |
|
|
|
15.2 |
% |
|
|
11,776 |
|
|
|
394 |
|
|
|
(67 |
) |
|
|
12,103 |
|
|
|
15.1 |
% |
Redeemable preferred
stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities |
|
$ |
79,097 |
|
|
$ |
1,383 |
|
|
$ |
(5,412 |
) |
|
$ |
75,068 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
80,724 |
|
|
$ |
1,869 |
|
|
$ |
(2,538 |
) |
|
$ |
80,055 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Equity
securities,
available-for-sale [6] |
|
|
2,890 |
|
|
|
197 |
|
|
|
(468 |
) |
|
|
2,619 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,611 |
|
|
|
218 |
|
|
|
(234 |
) |
|
|
2,595 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
securities,
available-for-sale [7] |
|
$ |
81,987 |
|
|
$ |
1,580 |
|
|
$ |
(5,880 |
) |
|
$ |
77,687 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
83,335 |
|
|
$ |
2,087 |
|
|
$ |
(2,772 |
) |
|
$ |
82,650 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
As of June 30, 2008, 99% of these senior secured bank loan CLOs were AAA rated with an average subordination of 29%. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes securities with an amortized cost and fair value of $29 and $26, respectively, as of June 30, 2008, and $40 and
$37, respectively, as of December 31, 2007, which were backed by pools of loans issued to prime borrowers. Includes
securities with an amortized cost and fair value of $94 and $75, respectively, as of June 30, 2008, and $96 and $87,
respectively, as of December 31, 2007, which were backed by pools of loans issued to Alt-A borrowers. |
|
[3] |
|
Includes CDO securities with an amortized cost and fair value of $16 and $10, respectively, as of June 30, 2008, and $16
and $15, respectively, as of December 31, 2007, that contain a below-prime residential mortgage loan component. Typically
these CDOs are also backed by assets other than below-prime loans. |
|
[4] |
|
Includes securities with an amortized cost and fair value of $253 and $223, respectively, as of June 30, 2008, and $270 as
of December 31, 2007, which were backed by pools of loans issued to Alt-A borrowers. |
|
[5] |
|
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, 91% and 92%, respectively, of corporate securities were rated investment grade. |
|
[6] |
|
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, approximately 79% relates to the financial services sector. |
|
[7] |
|
Gross unrealized gains represent gains of $1,007, $563, and $10 for Life, Property & Casualty, and Corporate, respectively,
as of June 30, 2008 and $1,339, $734, and $14, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. Gross unrealized losses represent
losses of $4,185, $1,689, and $6 for Life, Property & Casualty, and Corporate, respectively, as of June 30, 2008 and
$1,985, $781, and $6, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. |
125
The Companys investment sector allocations as a percentage of total fixed maturities have not
significantly changed since December 31, 2007 except for CMBS bonds which decreased primarily due
to sales and credit spreads widening. The available-for-sale net unrealized loss position
increased $3.6 billion since December 31, 2007 and $876 since March 31, 2008. The increase since
December 31, 2007 primarily resulted from credit spreads widening. Credit spreads widened
primarily due to the continued deterioration of the sub-prime mortgage market and liquidity
disruptions, impacting the overall credit market. The increase in the second quarter primarily
resulted from rising interest rates, partially offset by credit spreads tightening. The sectors
with the most significant concentration of unrealized losses were CMBS, financial services, and
RMBS. The Companys current view of risk factors relative to these available-for-sale security
types is as follows:
CMBS During 2008, CMBS experienced price declines due to ongoing market disruptions. These
disruptions are both broad based in the form of re-pricing of risk and liquidity disruptions across
lending markets and CMBS specific concerns over weaker underwriting practices such as higher
leverage, lower debt service coverage, and more aggressive income growth projections. The Company
performed quantitative and qualitative analysis on the CMBS portfolio that included cash flow
modeling. The assumptions used in the cash flow modeling included, on a region by region basis,
increases in unemployment, capitalization rates and defaults, and continued declines in property
values. As of June 30, 2008, based on this analysis, the Company concluded these securities were
temporarily impaired. For further discussion on CMBS, see the Commercial Mortgage Loans
commentary and tables below.
Financial services The increase in unrealized losses was primarily due to credit spreads widening
driven by concerns over ongoing weakness in the housing markets, financial institution exposures to
riskier assets (mortgages, leveraged loans, and structured products) and accelerating credit losses
leading to earnings volatility and concerns over capital adequacy at many financial institutions.
The majority of the securities held are issued by large, diversified, investment grade rated global
banking and brokerage institutions and were priced above 80% of amortized cost as of June 30, 2008.
RMBS Continued deterioration in collateral performance, uncertainty surrounding the decline in
home prices, and negative technical factors caused further price depression on ABS backed by
sub-prime mortgages during 2008. The Company performed quantitative and qualitative analysis on
the RMBS portfolio that included cash flow modeling. The assumptions used in the cash flow
modeling included increased defaults to incorporate increased delinquency and foreclosure rates,
higher loss severities upon default to factor in declining home values, and slower voluntary
prepayments to reflect limited borrower refinance options. As of June 30, 2008, based on this
analysis, the Company concluded these securities were temporarily impaired. For further discussion
on RMBS, see the Sub-prime Residential Mortgage Loans commentary and tables below.
The Company has reviewed its overall investment portfolio and concluded that the securities in an
unrealized loss position at June 30, 2008 were temporarily impaired. For further discussion on
unrealized losses and the Companys other-than-temporary impairment process, see the Fixed Maturity
and Equity, Available-for-Sale, Consolidated Unrealized Loss section below.
Deterioration in the U.S. housing market, tightened lending conditions and the markets flight to
quality securities as well as the increased likelihood of a U.S. recession has caused credit
spreads to widen considerably. The sectors most significantly impacted include residential and
commercial mortgage backed investments, and other structured products, including consumer loan
backed investments. The following sections illustrate the Companys holdings and provides
commentary on the sectors identified above.
Sub-prime Residential Mortgage Loans
The Company has exposure to sub-prime and Alt-A residential mortgage backed securities included in
the Consolidated Available-for-Sale Securities by Type table above. Uncertainty surrounding the
decline in home prices, negative technical factors, along with continued deterioration in
collateral performance, has led to an increase in unrealized losses in these sectors from December
31, 2007 to June 30, 2008. The Company expects delinquency and loss rates in the sub-prime
mortgage sector to continue to increase in the near term.
The following table presents the Companys exposure to ABS supported by sub-prime mortgage loans by
credit quality and vintage year, including direct investments in CDOs that contain a sub-prime loan
component, included in the RMBS and ABS other line in the table above. Credit protection
represents the current weighted average percentage, excluding wrapped securities, of the capital
structure subordinated to the Companys investment holding that is available to absorb losses
before the security incurs the first dollar loss of principal. The table below does not include
the Companys exposure to Alt-A residential mortgage loans, with an amortized cost and fair value
of $347 and $298, respectively, as of June 30, 2008, and $366 and $357, respectively, as of
December 31, 2007. These securities were primarily rated AAA and backed by 2007 vintage year
collateral.
126
Sub-Prime Residential Mortgage Loans [1] [2] [3] [4]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 [5] |
|
|
|
AAA |
|
|
AA |
|
|
A |
|
|
BBB |
|
|
BB and Below |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
2003 & Prior |
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
$ |
56 |
|
|
$ |
197 |
|
|
$ |
170 |
|
|
$ |
68 |
|
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
$ |
31 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
24 |
|
|
$ |
17 |
|
|
$ |
381 |
|
|
$ |
317 |
|
2004 |
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
361 |
|
|
|
301 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
486 |
|
|
|
413 |
|
2005 |
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
88 |
|
|
|
698 |
|
|
|
565 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
863 |
|
|
|
711 |
|
2006 |
|
|
230 |
|
|
|
196 |
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
74 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
98 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
513 |
|
|
|
336 |
|
2007 |
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
102 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
68 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
156 |
|
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
433 |
|
|
|
268 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
640 |
|
|
$ |
547 |
|
|
$ |
1,406 |
|
|
$ |
1,118 |
|
|
$ |
223 |
|
|
$ |
161 |
|
|
$ |
192 |
|
|
$ |
105 |
|
|
$ |
215 |
|
|
$ |
114 |
|
|
$ |
2,676 |
|
|
$ |
2,045 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit protection |
|
34.3% |
|
50.4% |
|
34.8% |
|
27.8% |
|
18.0% |
|
39.7% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
AAA |
|
|
AA |
|
|
A |
|
|
BBB |
|
|
BB and Below |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
2003 & Prior |
|
$ |
93 |
|
|
$ |
92 |
|
|
$ |
213 |
|
|
$ |
199 |
|
|
$ |
113 |
|
|
$ |
94 |
|
|
$ |
8 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
$ |
434 |
|
|
$ |
399 |
|
2004 |
|
|
133 |
|
|
|
131 |
|
|
|
358 |
|
|
|
324 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
495 |
|
|
|
458 |
|
2005 |
|
|
113 |
|
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
796 |
|
|
|
713 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
960 |
|
|
|
851 |
|
2006 |
|
|
457 |
|
|
|
413 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
537 |
|
|
|
475 |
|
2007 |
|
|
280 |
|
|
|
241 |
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
453 |
|
|
|
374 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,076 |
|
|
$ |
984 |
|
|
$ |
1,505 |
|
|
$ |
1,330 |
|
|
$ |
181 |
|
|
$ |
151 |
|
|
$ |
44 |
|
|
$ |
33 |
|
|
$ |
73 |
|
|
$ |
59 |
|
|
$ |
2,879 |
|
|
$ |
2,557 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit protection |
|
32.7% |
|
47.3% |
|
21.1% |
|
19.6% |
|
17.1% |
|
39.8% |
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The vintage year represents the year the underlying loans in the pool were originated. |
|
[2] |
|
The Companys exposure to second lien residential mortgages is composed primarily of loans to prime and Alt-A borrowers, of
which approximately over half were wrapped by monoline insurers. These securities are included in the table above and have
an amortized cost and fair value of $203 and $120, respectively, as of June 30, 2008 and $260 and $217, respectively, as of
December 31, 2007. |
|
[3] |
|
As of June 30, 2008, the weighted average life of the sub-prime residential mortgage portfolio was 3.2 years. |
|
[4] |
|
As of June 30, 2008, approximately 83% of the portfolio is backed by adjustable rate mortgages. |
|
[5] |
|
The credit qualities above include downgrades since December 31, 2007. |
Commercial Mortgage Loans
Commercial real estate market cash flow fundamentals have been solid with mortgage delinquencies
near all time lows. Recently, however, commercial real estate rents and property values have begun
to soften. The following tables represent the Companys exposure to CMBS bonds and commercial real
estate CDOs by credit quality and vintage year. Credit protection represents the current weighted
average percentage of the capital structure subordinated to the Companys investment holding that
is available to absorb losses before the security incurs the first dollar loss of principal. This
credit protection does not include any equity interest or property value in excess of outstanding
debt. The table below does not include the Companys exposure to CMBS IOs. These securities are
AAA rated and have an amortized cost and fair value of $1,580 and $1,671, respectively, as of June
30, 2008 and $1,741 and $1,831, respectively, as of December 31, 2007.
CMBS Bonds [1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
AAA |
|
|
AA |
|
|
A |
|
|
BBB |
|
|
BB and Below |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
2003 & Prior |
|
$ |
2,386 |
|
|
$ |
2,349 |
|
|
$ |
483 |
|
|
$ |
453 |
|
|
$ |
177 |
|
|
$ |
162 |
|
|
$ |
39 |
|
|
$ |
37 |
|
|
$ |
37 |
|
|
$ |
36 |
|
|
$ |
3,122 |
|
|
$ |
3,037 |
|
2004 |
|
|
725 |
|
|
|
707 |
|
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
898 |
|
|
|
852 |
|
2005 |
|
|
1,215 |
|
|
|
1,152 |
|
|
|
462 |
|
|
|
376 |
|
|
|
351 |
|
|
|
299 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
2,115 |
|
|
|
1,900 |
|
2006 |
|
|
2,811 |
|
|
|
2,590 |
|
|
|
361 |
|
|
|
281 |
|
|
|
526 |
|
|
|
432 |
|
|
|
423 |
|
|
|
343 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
4,147 |
|
|
|
3,668 |
|
2007 |
|
|
1,038 |
|
|
|
937 |
|
|
|
439 |
|
|
|
342 |
|
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
122 |
|
|
|
150 |
|
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1,787 |
|
|
|
1,519 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
8,175 |
|
|
$ |
7,735 |
|
|
$ |
1,830 |
|
|
$ |
1,525 |
|
|
$ |
1,276 |
|
|
$ |
1,068 |
|
|
$ |
699 |
|
|
$ |
568 |
|
|
$ |
89 |
|
|
$ |
80 |
|
|
$ |
12,069 |
|
|
$ |
10,976 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit protection |
|
24.3% |
|
16.2% |
|
12.4% |
|
7.5% |
|
3.9% |
|
20.8% |
127
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
AAA |
|
|
AA |
|
|
A |
|
|
BBB |
|
|
BB and Below |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
2003 & Prior |
|
$ |
2,666 |
|
|
$ |
2,702 |
|
|
$ |
495 |
|
|
$ |
502 |
|
|
$ |
289 |
|
|
$ |
292 |
|
|
$ |
30 |
|
|
$ |
32 |
|
|
$ |
46 |
|
|
$ |
49 |
|
|
$ |
3,526 |
|
|
$ |
3,577 |
|
2004 |
|
|
709 |
|
|
|
708 |
|
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
87 |
|
|
|
130 |
|
|
|
128 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
951 |
|
|
|
944 |
|
2005 |
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
1,258 |
|
|
|
479 |
|
|
|
454 |
|
|
|
404 |
|
|
|
389 |
|
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
76 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
2,272 |
|
|
|
2,198 |
|
2006 |
|
|
2,975 |
|
|
|
2,910 |
|
|
|
415 |
|
|
|
395 |
|
|
|
763 |
|
|
|
739 |
|
|
|
456 |
|
|
|
400 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
4,633 |
|
|
|
4,466 |
|
2007 |
|
|
1,365 |
|
|
|
1,342 |
|
|
|
461 |
|
|
|
431 |
|
|
|
240 |
|
|
|
220 |
|
|
|
190 |
|
|
|
165 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2,259 |
|
|
|
2,161 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
8,995 |
|
|
$ |
8,920 |
|
|
$ |
1,939 |
|
|
$ |
1,869 |
|
|
$ |
1,826 |
|
|
$ |
1,768 |
|
|
$ |
784 |
|
|
$ |
694 |
|
|
$ |
97 |
|
|
$ |
95 |
|
|
$ |
13,641 |
|
|
$ |
13,346 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit protection |
|
23.8% |
|
16.4% |
|
13.6% |
|
6.8% |
|
3.7% |
|
20.6% |
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The vintage year represents the year the pool of loans was originated. |
CMBS CRE CDOs [1] [2] [3]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 [4] |
|
|
|
AAA |
|
|
AA |
|
|
A |
|
|
BBB |
|
|
BB and Below |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
2003 & Prior |
|
$ |
280 |
|
|
$ |
223 |
|
|
$ |
96 |
|
|
$ |
72 |
|
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
$ |
29 |
|
|
$ |
41 |
|
|
$ |
25 |
|
|
$ |
53 |
|
|
$ |
21 |
|
|
$ |
525 |
|
|
$ |
370 |
|
2004 |
|
|
148 |
|
|
|
119 |
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
230 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
2005 |
|
|
115 |
|
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
270 |
|
|
|
178 |
|
2006 |
|
|
330 |
|
|
|
198 |
|
|
|
121 |
|
|
|
82 |
|
|
|
77 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
567 |
|
|
|
352 |
|
2007 |
|
|
159 |
|
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
420 |
|
|
|
275 |
|
2008 |
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,056 |
|
|
$ |
758 |
|
|
$ |
450 |
|
|
$ |
315 |
|
|
$ |
333 |
|
|
$ |
181 |
|
|
$ |
145 |
|
|
$ |
89 |
|
|
$ |
82 |
|
|
$ |
38 |
|
|
$ |
2,066 |
|
|
$ |
1,381 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit protection |
|
31.0% |
|
28.0% |
|
16.5% |
|
41.8% |
|
52.4% |
|
29.7% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
AAA |
|
|
AA |
|
|
A |
|
|
BBB |
|
|
BB and Below |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
2003 & Prior |
|
$ |
378 |
|
|
$ |
320 |
|
|
$ |
88 |
|
|
$ |
73 |
|
|
$ |
64 |
|
|
$ |
42 |
|
|
$ |
13 |
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
543 |
|
|
$ |
445 |
|
2004 |
|
|
170 |
|
|
|
149 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
219 |
|
|
|
188 |
|
2005 |
|
|
178 |
|
|
|
153 |
|
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
307 |
|
|
|
252 |
|
2006 |
|
|
517 |
|
|
|
436 |
|
|
|
178 |
|
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
149 |
|
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
890 |
|
|
|
724 |
|
2007 |
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
284 |
|
|
|
245 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,350 |
|
|
$ |
1,155 |
|
|
$ |
438 |
|
|
$ |
356 |
|
|
$ |
369 |
|
|
$ |
277 |
|
|
$ |
86 |
|
|
$ |
66 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
2,243 |
|
|
$ |
1,854 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit protection |
|
31.5% |
|
27.1% |
|
16.7% |
|
10.4% |
|
|
|
27.5% |
|
|
|
[1] |
|
The vintage year represents the year that the underlying collateral in the pool was originated. Individual CDO market value is
allocated by the proportion of collateral within each vintage year. |
|
[2] |
|
As of June 30, 2008, approximately 43% of the underlying CMBS CRE CDO collateral are seasoned, below investment grade securities. |
|
[3] |
|
For certain CDOs, the collateral manager has the ability to reinvest proceeds that become available, primarily from collateral
maturities. The increase in the 2008 vintage year represents reinvestment under these CDOs. |
|
[4] |
|
The credit qualities above include downgrades since December 31, 2007. |
In addition to commercial mortgage-backed securities, the Company has whole loan commercial real
estate investments. The carrying value of these investments was $5.9 and $5.4 billion as of June
30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. The Companys mortgage loans are collateralized by a
variety of commercial and agricultural properties. The mortgage loans are geographically dispersed
throughout the United States and by property type. At June 30, 2008, the Company held one
delinquent mortgage loan with a carrying value of $60, however, the value of the underlying
collateral exceeds the carrying value. Accordingly, the Company had no valuation allowance for
mortgage loans at June 30, 2008.
Consumer Loans
The Company continues to see weakness in consumer credit fundamentals. Rising delinquency and loss
rates have been driven by the softening economy and higher unemployment rates. Delinquencies and
losses on consumer loans rose modestly during the second quarter of 2008 and the Company expects
this trend to continue throughout the year. However, the Company does not expect its ABS consumer
loan holdings to face credit concerns, as the borrower collateral quality and structural credit
enhancement of the securities is sufficient to absorb a significantly higher level of defaults than
are currently anticipated. The following table presents the Companys exposure to ABS consumer
loans by credit quality.
128
ABS Consumer Loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
AAA |
|
|
AA |
|
|
A |
|
|
BBB |
|
|
BB and Below |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
Credit card [1] |
|
$ |
373 |
|
|
$ |
372 |
|
|
$ |
6 |
|
|
$ |
5 |
|
|
$ |
150 |
|
|
$ |
148 |
|
|
$ |
509 |
|
|
$ |
472 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,038 |
|
|
$ |
997 |
|
Auto [2] |
|
|
171 |
|
|
|
166 |
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
152 |
|
|
|
145 |
|
|
|
214 |
|
|
|
203 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
614 |
|
|
|
579 |
|
Student loan [3] |
|
|
309 |
|
|
|
259 |
|
|
|
333 |
|
|
|
288 |
|
|
|
141 |
|
|
|
104 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
783 |
|
|
|
651 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
853 |
|
|
$ |
797 |
|
|
$ |
375 |
|
|
$ |
329 |
|
|
$ |
443 |
|
|
$ |
397 |
|
|
$ |
723 |
|
|
$ |
675 |
|
|
$ |
41 |
|
|
$ |
29 |
|
|
$ |
2,435 |
|
|
$ |
2,227 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
AAA |
|
|
AA |
|
|
A |
|
|
BBB |
|
|
BB and Below |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
Credit card [1] |
|
$ |
166 |
|
|
$ |
166 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
162 |
|
|
$ |
162 |
|
|
$ |
610 |
|
|
$ |
591 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
957 |
|
|
$ |
938 |
|
Auto [2] |
|
|
274 |
|
|
|
270 |
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
151 |
|
|
|
148 |
|
|
|
198 |
|
|
|
192 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
692 |
|
|
|
676 |
|
Student loan [3] |
|
|
313 |
|
|
|
297 |
|
|
|
333 |
|
|
|
317 |
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
|
133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
786 |
|
|
|
747 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
753 |
|
|
$ |
733 |
|
|
$ |
379 |
|
|
$ |
363 |
|
|
$ |
453 |
|
|
$ |
443 |
|
|
$ |
808 |
|
|
$ |
783 |
|
|
$ |
42 |
|
|
$ |
39 |
|
|
$ |
2,435 |
|
|
$ |
2,361 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
As of June 30, 2008, approximately 12% of the securities were issued by lenders that lend primarily to sub-prime borrowers. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes monoline insured securities with an amortized cost and fair value of $57 and $55, respectively, at June 30, 2008,
and amortized cost and fair value of $49 at December 31, 2007. Additionally, approximately 6% of the auto consumer
loan-backed securities were issued by lenders whose primary business is to sub-prime borrowers. |
|
[3] |
|
Includes monoline insured securities with an amortized cost and fair value of $102 and $77, respectively, at June 30, 2008,
and amortized cost and fair value of $102 and $93, respectively, at December 31, 2007. Additionally, approximately half of
the student loan-backed exposure is guaranteed by the Federal Family Education Loan Program, with the remainder comprised
of loans to prime-borrowers. |
Monoline Insured Securities
Monoline insurers guarantee the timely payment of principal and interest of certain securities.
Municipalities will often purchase monoline insurance to wrap a security issuance in order to
benefit from better market execution. Recent rating agency downgrades of bond insurers have not
had a significant impact on the fair value of the Companys insured portfolio; however, these
downgrades have caused a shift in rating quality from AAA rated to AA and A rated since December
31, 2007. As of June 30, 2008, the fair value of the Companys total monoline insured securities
was $7.8 billion, with the fair value of the insured municipal securities totaling $7 billion. At
June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the overall credit quality of the municipal bond portfolio,
including the benefits of monoline insurance, was AA- and AA+, respectively, and excluding the
benefits of monoline insurance, the overall credit quality was AA-. In addition to the insured
municipal securities, as of June 30, 2008, the Company has other insured securities with a fair
value of $758. These securities include the below prime mortgage-backed securities and other
consumer loan receivables discussed above and corporate securities. The Company also has direct
investments in monoline insurers with a fair value of approximately $140 as of June 30, 2008.
Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities, Available-for-Sale, Consolidated Unrealized Loss
The following table presents the Companys unrealized loss aging for total fixed maturity and
equity securities classified as available-for-sale on a consolidated basis, as of June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007, by length of time the security was in an unrealized loss position.
Consolidated Unrealized Loss Aging of Total Available-for-Sale Securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
Items |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Loss |
|
|
Items |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Loss |
|
Three months or less |
|
|
2,566 |
|
|
$ |
17,888 |
|
|
$ |
17,259 |
|
|
$ |
(629 |
) |
|
|
1,581 |
|
|
$ |
10,879 |
|
|
$ |
10,445 |
|
|
$ |
(434 |
) |
Greater than three to six months |
|
|
1,040 |
|
|
|
7,755 |
|
|
|
7,175 |
|
|
|
(580 |
) |
|
|
1,052 |
|
|
|
11,857 |
|
|
|
10,954 |
|
|
|
(903 |
) |
Greater than six to nine months |
|
|
522 |
|
|
|
4,043 |
|
|
|
3,464 |
|
|
|
(579 |
) |
|
|
813 |
|
|
|
10,086 |
|
|
|
9,354 |
|
|
|
(732 |
) |
Greater than nine to twelve months |
|
|
800 |
|
|
|
9,863 |
|
|
|
8,188 |
|
|
|
(1,675 |
) |
|
|
262 |
|
|
|
2,756 |
|
|
|
2,545 |
|
|
|
(211 |
) |
Greater than twelve months |
|
|
1,879 |
|
|
|
16,897 |
|
|
|
14,480 |
|
|
|
(2,417 |
) |
|
|
1,735 |
|
|
|
10,563 |
|
|
|
10,071 |
|
|
|
(492 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
6,807 |
|
|
$ |
56,446 |
|
|
$ |
50,566 |
|
|
$ |
(5,880 |
) |
|
|
5,443 |
|
|
$ |
46,141 |
|
|
$ |
43,369 |
|
|
$ |
(2,772 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The gross unrealized loss position increased $3.1 billion since December 31, 2007 and $368 since
March 31, 2008. The increase since December 31, 2007, primarily resulted from credit spreads
widening. The increase since March 31, 2008 primarily resulted from rising interest rates,
partially offset by credit spreads tightening.
129
Consolidated Unrealized Loss Aging of Total Available-for-Sale Securities Depressed over 20%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
Consecutive Months |
|
Items |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Loss |
|
|
Items |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Loss |
|
Three months or less |
|
|
420 |
|
|
$ |
3,749 |
|
|
$ |
2,472 |
|
|
$ |
(1,277 |
) |
|
|
248 |
|
|
$ |
1,898 |
|
|
$ |
1,327 |
|
|
$ |
(571 |
) |
Greater than three to six months |
|
|
330 |
|
|
|
3,821 |
|
|
|
2,575 |
|
|
|
(1,246 |
) |
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
220 |
|
|
|
112 |
|
|
|
(108 |
) |
Greater than six to nine months |
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
365 |
|
|
|
203 |
|
|
|
(162 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greater than nine to twelve months |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greater than twelve months |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
811 |
|
|
$ |
7,958 |
|
|
$ |
5,264 |
|
|
$ |
(2,694 |
) |
|
|
281 |
|
|
$ |
2,158 |
|
|
$ |
1,465 |
|
|
$ |
(693 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Unrealized Loss Aging of Total Available-for-Sale Securities Depressed over 50%
(included in the depressed over 20% table above)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2008 |
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost or |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
Consecutive Months |
|
Items |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Loss |
|
|
Items |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Loss |
|
Three months or less |
|
|
119 |
|
|
$ |
767 |
|
|
$ |
318 |
|
|
$ |
(449 |
) |
|
|
36 |
|
|
$ |
127 |
|
|
$ |
48 |
|
|
$ |
(79 |
) |
Greater than three to six months |
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
274 |
|
|
|
91 |
|
|
|
(183 |
) |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(16 |
) |
Greater than six to nine months |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greater than nine to twelve months |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greater than twelve months |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
160 |
|
|
$ |
1,070 |
|
|
$ |
414 |
|
|
$ |
(656 |
) |
|
|
40 |
|
|
$ |
144 |
|
|
$ |
49 |
|
|
$ |
(95 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The majority of the securities depressed over 20% as well as those over 50% for six consecutive
months or greater in the tables above are CMBS and sub-prime RMBS. The Company performed
quantitative and qualitative analysis on these portfolios, including cash flow modeling. For
further discussion, see the discussion below the Consolidated Available-for-Sale Securities by
Type table in this section above.
Additionally, the 20% for six consecutive months or greater in the tables above includes Corporate
Financial Services securities that include corporate bonds as well as preferred equity issued by
large financial institutions that are lower in the capital structure, and as a result, have
incurred greater price depressions. Based upon the Companys analysis of these securities and
current macroeconomic conditions, the Company expects to see significant price recovery on these
securities within a reasonable period of time, generally two years. For further discussion on
these securities, see the discussion below the Consolidated Available-for-Sale Securities by Type
table in this section above.
Future
changes in the fair value of the investment portfolio are primarily dependent on the extent
of future issuer credit losses, return of liquidity, and changes in general market conditions,
including interest rates and credit spreads movements.
As part of the Companys ongoing security monitoring process by a committee of investment and
accounting professionals, the Company has reviewed its investment portfolio and concluded that
there were no additional other-than-temporary impairments as of June 30, 2008 and December 31,
2007. During this analysis, the Company asserts its intent and ability to retain until recovery
those securities judged to be temporarily impaired. Once identified, these securities are
systematically restricted from trading unless approved by the committee. The committee will only
authorize the sale of these securities based on predefined criteria that relate to events that
could not have been foreseen at the time the committee rendered its judgment on the Companys
intent and ability to retain such securities until recovery. Examples of the criteria include, but
are not limited to, the deterioration in the issuers creditworthiness, a change in regulatory
requirements or a major business combination or major disposition.
The evaluation for other-than-temporary impairments is a quantitative and qualitative process,
which is subject to risks and uncertainties in the determination of whether declines in the fair
value of investments are other-than-temporary. The risks and uncertainties include changes in
general economic conditions, the issuers financial condition or near term recovery prospects and
the effects of changes in interest rates and credit spreads. In addition, for securitized
financial assets with contractual cash flows (e.g., ABS and CMBS), projections of expected future
cash flows may change based upon new information regarding the performance of the underlying
collateral. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, managements expectation of the discounted
future cash flows on these securities was in excess of the associated securities amortized cost.
For a further discussion, see Evaluation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments on Available-for-Sale
Securities included in the Critical Accounting Estimates section of the MD&A and
Other-Than-Temporary Impairments on Available-for-Sale Securities section in Note 1 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements both of which are included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K
Annual Report.
130
CAPITAL MARKETS RISK MANAGEMENT
The Hartford has a disciplined approach to managing risks associated with its capital markets and
asset/liability management activities. Investment portfolio management is organized to focus
investment management expertise on the specific classes of investments, while asset/liability
management is the responsibility of a dedicated risk management unit supporting Life and Property &
Casualty operations. Derivative instruments are utilized in compliance with established Company
policy and regulatory requirements and are monitored internally and reviewed by senior management.
Market Risk
The Hartford is exposed to market risk, primarily relating to the market price and/or cash flow
variability associated with changes in interest rates, credit spreads, including issuer defaults,
equity prices or market indices, and foreign currency exchange rates. The Hartford is also exposed
to credit and counterparty repayment risk. The Company analyzes interest rate risk using various
models including parametric models that forecast cash flows of the liabilities and the supporting
investments, including derivative instruments, under various market scenarios. For further
discussion of market risk, see the Capital Markets Risk Management section of the MD&A in The
Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Interest Rate Risk
The Companys exposure to interest rate risk relates to the market price and/or cash flow
variability associated with the changes in market interest rates. The Company manages its exposure
to interest rate risk through asset allocation limits, asset/liability duration matching and
through the use of derivatives. For further discussion of interest rate risk, see the Interest
Rate Risk discussion within the Capital Markets Risk Management section of the MD&A in The
Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
The Company is also exposed to interest rate risk based upon the discount rate assumption
associated with the Companys pension and other postretirement benefit obligations. The discount
rate assumption is based upon an interest rate yield curve comprised of bonds rated AA or higher
with maturities primarily between zero and thirty years. For further discussion of interest rate
risk associated with the benefit obligations, see the Critical Accounting Estimates section of the
MD&A under Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Obligations and Note 17 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Credit Risk
The Company is exposed to credit risk within our investment portfolio and through derivative
counterparties. Credit risk relates to the uncertainty of an obligors continued ability to make
timely payments in accordance with the contractual terms of the instrument or contract. The
Company manages credit risk through established investment credit policies which address quality of
obligors and counterparties, credit concentration limits, diversification requirements and
acceptable risk levels under expected and stressed scenarios. These policies are regularly
reviewed and approved by senior management and by the Companys Board of Directors.
The derivative counterparty exposure policy establishes market-based credit limits, favors
long-term financial stability and creditworthiness of the counterparty and typically requires
credit enhancement/credit risk reducing agreements. The Company minimized the credit risk in
derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high quality counterparties rated A2/A or
better, which are monitored by the Companys internal compliance unit and reviewed frequently by
senior management.
Derivative counterparty credit risk is measured as the amount owed to the Company based upon
current market conditions and potential payment obligations between the Company and its
counterparties. Credit exposures are generally quantified daily and collateral is pledged to and
held by, or on behalf of, the Company to the extent the current value of derivative instruments
exceeds the exposure policy thresholds. The Company has exposure to credit risk for amounts below
the exposure thresholds which are uncollateralized.
Counterparty exposure thresholds are developed for each of the counterparties based upon their
ratings. The maximum threshold for a derivative counterparty for a single legal entity is $10.
The Company currently transacts derivatives in five legal entities and therefore the maximum
combined exposure for a single counterparty over all legal entities that use derivatives is $50.
In addition to counterparty credit risk, the Company enters into credit derivative instruments,
including credit default, index and total return swaps, in which the Company assumes credit risk
from or reduces credit risk to a single entity, referenced index, or asset pool, in exchange for
periodic payments. For further information on credit derivatives, see the Investment Credit Risk
section.
The Company is also exposed to credit spreads risk related to security market price and cash flows
associated with changes in credit spreads. Credit spreads widening will reduce the fair value of
the investment portfolio and will increase net investment income on new purchases. This will also
result in losses associated with credit based non-qualifying derivatives where the Company assumes
credit exposure. If issuer credit spreads increase significantly or for an extended period of
time, it would likely result in higher other-than-temporary impairments. Credit spreads tightening
will reduce net investment income associated with new purchases of fixed maturities and increase
the fair value of the investment portfolio. During 2008, credit spreads widening resulted in a
significant increase in the Companys unrealized losses. For further discussion of sectors most
significantly impacted, see the Investment Credit Risk section.
131
Lifes Equity Products Risk
The Companys Life operations are significantly influenced by changes in the U.S., Japanese, and
other global equity markets. Appreciation or depreciation in equity markets impacts certain assets
and liabilities related to the Companys variable products and the Companys net income derived
from those products. The Companys variable products include variable annuities, mutual funds, and
variable life insurance sold to retail and institutional customers.
Generally, declines in equity markets will:
|
|
reduce the value of assets under management and the amount of fee income generated from those assets; |
|
|
|
reduce the value of equity securities, held for trading, for international variable annuities, the related
policyholder funds and benefits payable, and the amount of fee income generated from those annuities; |
|
|
|
increase the liability for guaranteed minimum withdrawal and accumulation benefits (GMWB and GMAB) resulting
in realized capital losses; |
|
|
|
increase the value of derivative assets used to hedge GMWB resulting in realized capital gains; |
|
|
|
increase the Companys net amount at risk for guaranteed death benefits and guaranteed income benefits; and |
|
|
|
decrease the Companys
actual gross profits, resulting in a negative true-up to current period DAC amortization. |
A prolonged or precipitous market decline may:
|
|
turn customer sentiment toward equity-linked products negative, causing a decline in sales; |
|
|
|
cause a significant decrease in the range of reasonable estimates of future gross profits used in the
Companys quantitative assessment of its modeled estimates of gross profits. If, in a given financial
statement period, the modeled estimates of gross profits are determined to be unreasonable, the Company will
accelerate the amount of DAC amortization in that period. Particularly in the case of variable annuities, an
acceleration of DAC amortization could potentially cause a material adverse deviation in that periods net
income, but it would not affect the Companys cash flow or liquidity position. See Life Estimated Gross
Profits Used in the Valuation and Amortization of Assets and Liabilities Associated with Variable Annuity and
Other Universal Life-Type Contracts within Critical Accounting Estimates for further information on DAC and
related equity market sensitivities. |
|
|
|
increase costs under the
Companys hedging programs. |
In addition to the impact on U.S. GAAP results, Lifes statutory financial results also have
exposure to equity market volatility due to the issuance of variable annuity contracts with
guarantees. Specifically, in scenarios where equity markets decline substantially, we would expect
lower statutory net income and significant increases in the amount of statutory surplus Life would
have to devote to maintain targeted rating agency, regulatory risk based capital (RBC) ratios and
other similar solvency margin ratios. However, in addition to the Companys use of reinsurance,
hedging instruments and other risk management techniques, described below, the Company maintains
capital resources to manage the statutory net income and surplus risks associated with equity
market declines. See Variable Annuity Equity Risk Impact on Statutory Distributable Earnings in
The Companys Form 10-K for further information.
Equity Risk Management
The Company has made considerable investment in analyzing current and potential future market risk
exposures arising from a number of factors, including but not limited to, product guarantees (GMDB,
GMWB, GMAB, and GMIB), equity market and interest rate risks (in both the U.S. and Japan) and
foreign currency exchange rates. The Company evaluates these risks individually and, increasingly,
in the aggregate to determine the risk profiles of all of its products and to judge their potential
impacts on financial metrics including, U.S. GAAP net income and statutory capital. The Company
manages the equity market risks embedded in these product guarantees through product design,
reinsurance, and hedging programs. The accounting for various benefit guarantees offered with
variable annuity contracts can be significantly different and may influence the form of risk
management employed by the Company.
Many benefit guarantees meet the definition of an embedded derivative under SFAS 133 (GMWB and
GMAB) and are recorded at fair value, incorporating changes in equity indices and equity index
volatility, with changes in fair value recorded in net income. However, for other benefit
guarantees, certain contract features that define how the contract holder can access the value and
substance of the guaranteed benefit change the accounting from SFAS 133 to SOP 03-1. For contracts
where the contract holder can only obtain the value of the guaranteed benefit upon the occurrence
of an insurable event such as death (GMDB) or when the benefit received is in substance a long-term
financing (GMIB) the accounting for the benefit is prescribed by SOP
03-1.
As a result of these significant accounting differences, the liability for guarantees recorded
under SOP 03-1 may be significantly different than if it was recorded under SFAS 133 and vice
versa. In addition, the conditions in the capital markets in Japan vs. those in the U.S. are
sufficiently different that if the Companys GMWB product currently offered in the U.S. were
offered in Japan, the capital market conditions in Japan would have a significant impact on the
valuation of the GMWB, irrespective of the accounting model. The same would hold true if the
Companys GMIB product currently offered in Japan were to be offered in the U.S. Capital market
conditions in the U.S. would have a significant impact on the valuation of the GMIB.
132
The Company believes its long-term success in the variable annuity market will continue to be aided
by successful innovation that allows the Company to offer attractive product features in tandem
with prudent equity market risk management. The Companys variable annuity market share in the U.S.
has generally increased during periods when it has recently introduced new products to the market.
In contrast, the Companys market share has generally decreased when competitors introduce products
that cause an issuer to assume larger amounts of equity and other market risk than the Company is
confident it can prudently manage. In the absence of this innovation, the Companys market share
in one or more of its markets could decline.
The Company expects to evolve its risk management strategies over time to mitigate its aggregate
exposures to market-driven changes in U.S. GAAP equity, statutory capital and other economic
metrics. Because these strategies target a reduction of a combination of exposures rather than a
single one, further risk management changes could cause volatility of U.S. GAAP net income to
increase, particularly if the Company places an increased relative weight on protection of
statutory surplus in future strategies.
The Company employs additional strategies to manage equity market risk in addition to the
derivative and reinsurance strategy described above that economically hedges the fair value of the
U.S. GMWB rider. Notably, the Company purchases one and two year S&P 500 Index put option contracts
to economically hedge certain other liabilities that could increase if the equity markets decline.
Because this strategy is intended to partially hedge certain equity-market sensitive liabilities
calculated under statutory accounting (see Capital Resources and Liquidity), changes in the value
of the put options may not be closely aligned to changes in liabilities determined in accordance
with U.S. GAAP, causing volatility in U.S. GAAP net income.
Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits and Guaranteed Minimum Accumulation Benefits
The majority of the Companys U.S. and U.K. variable annuities are sold with a GMWB
living benefit rider, which is accounted for under SFAS 133. Declines in the equity market may
increase the Companys exposure to benefits under the GMWB contracts and will increase the
Companys existing liability for those benefits. The fair value of the Companys GMWB obligations
was $1.7 billion as of June 30, 2008.
The Company uses reinsurance to manage the risk exposure for a portion of contracts issued with
GMWB riders. The fair value of the Companys reinsurance asset as of June 30, 2008 was $250.
Contracts not covered by reinsurance generate volatility in net income each quarter as the
underlying embedded derivative liabilities are recorded at fair value. In order to minimize the
volatility associated with the non-reinsured GMWB liabilities, the Company established a dynamic
hedging program.
The Company uses hedging instruments to hedge its non-reinsured GMWB exposure. These instruments
include interest rate futures and swaps, variance swaps, S&P 500 and NASDAQ index put options and
futures contracts. The Company also uses EAFE Index swaps to hedge GMWB exposure to international
equity markets. The fair value of these hedging instruments at June 30, 2008 was $784. The hedging
program involves a detailed monitoring of policyholder behavior and capital markets conditions on a
daily basis and rebalancing of the hedge position as needed. While the Company actively manages
this hedge position within defined risk parameters, hedge ineffectiveness may also result from
factors including, but not limited to, policyholder behavior, capital markets dislocation or
discontinuity and divergence between the performance of the underlying funds and the hedging
indices.
The Company is continually exploring new ways and new markets to manage or layoff the capital
markets and policyholder behavior risks associated with its living benefits. During 2007 and in
April of 2008, the Company entered into customized swap contracts to hedge certain capital market
risk components for the remaining term of specific blocks of non-reinsured GMWB riders. As of June
30, 2008, these swaps had a notional value of $14.6 billion and a market value of $85.
The following table illustrates the Companys U.S. GMWB account value by type of SFAS 133/157 risk
management strategy:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risk Management Strategy |
|
Duration |
|
Account Value |
|
|
% |
|
Entire risk reinsured with a third party |
|
Life of Product |
|
$ |
8,526 |
|
|
|
16 |
%[1] |
Capital markets risk transferred to a third party behavior risk retained
by the Company |
|
Designed to cover the effective life of the product |
|
|
14,581 |
|
|
|
28 |
% |
Dynamic hedging of capital markets risk using various derivative instruments |
|
Weighted average of 7 years |
|
|
28,798 |
|
|
|
56 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
51,905 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
During July 2008, the Company executed an agreement to reinsure GMWB
risks to a third party. Had this transaction been in place on June
30, 2008, approximately $15.0 billion or 29% of our U.S. GMWB would
have been covered by reinsurance. |
The net effect of the change in value of the U.S. and UK embedded derivatives, net of the results
of the risk management programs, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, was a loss of
$13 and $133 before deferred acquisition costs and tax effects, respectively. The net effect of the
change in value of the U.S. and UK embedded derivatives, net of the results of the hedging program,
for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, was a loss of $749 (primarily reflecting the
adoption of SFAS 157 and mortality assumption changes made by the Company during 2008) and $111
before deferred policy acquisition costs and tax effects, respectively.
The value of the GMAB associated with Japans product offering, recorded as an embedded derivative
under SFAS 133, was a liability of $23 at June 30, 2008.
Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits and Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefits
In the U.S., the Company sells variable annuity contracts that offer various guaranteed death
benefits. The Company maintains a liability, under SOP 03-1, for the death benefit costs of $546,
as of June 30, 2008. Declines in the equity market may increase the Companys exposure to death
benefits under these contracts.
133
The Companys total gross exposure (i.e., before reinsurance) to U.S. guaranteed death benefits as
of June 30, 2008 is $11.1 billion. The Company will incur these guaranteed death benefit payments
in the future only if the policyholder has an in-the-money guaranteed death benefit at their time
of death. The Company currently reinsures 63% of these death benefit guarantees. Under certain of
these
reinsurance agreements, the reinsurers exposure is subject to an annual cap. The Companys net
exposure (i.e. after reinsurance) is $4.1 billion, as of June 30, 2008. This amount is often
referred to as the retained net amount at risk.
In Japan, the Company offers certain variable annuity products with both a guaranteed death benefit
and a guaranteed income benefit. The Company maintains a liability for these death and income
benefits, under SOP 03-1, of $44 as of June 30, 2008. Declines in equity markets as well as a
strengthening of the Japanese yen in comparison to the U.S. dollar and other currencies may
increase the Companys exposure to these guaranteed benefits. This increased exposure may be
significant in extreme market scenarios.
The Companys total gross exposure (i.e., before reinsurance) to these guaranteed death benefits
and income benefits offered in Japan as of June 30, 2008 is $2.2 billion. However, the Company
will incur these guaranteed death or income benefits in the future only if the contract holder has
an in-the-money guaranteed benefit at either the time of their death or if the account value is
insufficient to fund the guaranteed living benefits. The Company currently reinsures 22% of the
death benefit guarantees. Under certain of these reinsurance agreements, the reinsurers exposure
is subject to an annual cap. For these products, the Companys retained net amount at risk is $1.7
billion.
Derivative Instruments
The Hartford utilizes a variety of derivative instruments, including swaps, caps, floors, forwards,
futures and options, in compliance with Company policy and regulatory requirements, designed to
achieve one of four Company approved objectives: to hedge risk arising from interest rate, equity
market, credit spreads including issuer defaults, price or foreign currency exchange rate risk or
volatility; to manage liquidity; to control transaction costs; or to enter into replication
transactions.
134
CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
Capital resources and liquidity represent the overall financial strength of The Hartford and its
ability to generate strong cash flows from each of the business segments, borrow funds at
competitive rates and raise new capital to meet operating and growth needs.
Liquidity Requirements
The liquidity requirements of The Hartford have been and will continue to be met by funds from
operations as well as the issuance of commercial paper, common stock, debt or other capital
securities and borrowings from its credit facilities. Current and expected patterns of claim
frequency and severity may change from period to period but continue to be within historical norms
and, therefore, the Companys current liquidity position is considered to be sufficient to meet
anticipated demands. However, if an unanticipated demand was placed on the Company, it is likely
that the Company would either sell certain of its investments to fund claims which could result in
larger than usual realized capital gains and losses or the Company would enter the capital markets
to raise further funds to provide the requisite liquidity. For a discussion and tabular
presentation of the Companys current contractual obligations by period, including those related to
its Life and Property & Casualty insurance operations, refer to Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and
Aggregate Contractual Obligations within the Capital Resources and Liquidity section of the MD&A
included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
The Hartford endeavors to maintain a capital structure that provides financial and operational
flexibility to its insurance subsidiaries, ratings that support its competitive position in the
financial services marketplace (see the Ratings section below for further discussion), and strong
shareholder returns. As a result, the Company may from time to time raise capital from the
issuance of stock, debt or other capital securities. The issuance of common stock, debt or other
capital securities could result in the dilution of shareholder interests or reduced net income due
to additional interest expense.
In June 2008, The Hartfords Board of Directors authorized a new $1 billion stock repurchase
program which is in addition to the previously announced $2 billion program. The Companys
repurchase authorization permits purchases of common stock, which may be in the open market or
through privately negotiated transactions. The Company also may enter into derivative transactions
to facilitate future repurchases of common stock. The timing of any future repurchases will be
dependent upon several factors, including the market price of the Companys securities, the
Companys capital position, consideration of the effect of any repurchases on the Companys
financial strength or credit ratings, and other corporate considerations. The repurchase program
may be modified, extended or terminated by the Board of Directors at any time. As of June 30,
2008, The Hartford has completed the $2 billion stock repurchase program and has $936 remaining for
stock repurchase under the new $1 billion repurchase program. For further discussion of treasury
shares acquired in 2008, refer to the Stockholders Equity section below.
HFSG and Hartford Life, Inc. (HLI) are holding companies which rely upon operating cash flow in
the form of dividends from their subsidiaries, which enable them to service debt, pay dividends,
and pay certain business expenses. Dividends to the Company from its insurance subsidiaries are
restricted. The payment of dividends by Connecticut-domiciled insurers is limited under the
insurance holding company laws of Connecticut. These laws require notice to and approval by the
state insurance commissioner for the declaration or payment of any dividend, which, together with
other dividends or distributions made within the preceding twelve months, exceeds the greater of
(i) 10% of the insurers policyholder surplus as of December 31 of the preceding year or (ii) net
income (or net gain from operations, if such company is a life insurance company) for the
twelve-month period ending on the thirty-first day of December last preceding, in each case
determined under statutory insurance accounting principles. In addition, if any dividend of a
Connecticut-domiciled insurer exceeds the insurers earned surplus, it requires the prior approval
of the Connecticut Insurance Commissioner. The insurance holding company laws of the other
jurisdictions in which The Hartfords insurance subsidiaries are incorporated (or deemed
commercially domiciled) generally contain similar (although in certain instances somewhat more
restrictive) limitations on the payment of dividends. Dividends paid to HFSG by its insurance
subsidiaries are further dependent on cash requirements of HLI and other factors. The Companys
property-casualty insurance subsidiaries are permitted to pay up to a maximum of approximately $1.6
billion in dividends to HFSG in 2008 without prior approval from the applicable insurance
commissioner. The Companys life insurance subsidiaries are permitted to pay up to a maximum of
approximately $784 in dividends to HLI in 2008 without prior approval from the applicable insurance
commissioner. The aggregate of these amounts, net of amounts required by HLI, is the maximum the
insurance subsidiaries could pay to HFSG in 2008. From January 1, 2008 through June 30, 2008, HFSG
and HLI received a combined total of $811 from their insurance subsidiaries. From July 1, 2008
through July 18, 2008, HFSG and HLI received a combined total of $508 from their insurance
subsidiaries.
The principal sources of operating funds are premiums and investment income, while investing cash
flows originate from maturities and sales of invested assets. The primary uses of funds are to pay
claims, policy benefits, operating expenses and commissions and to purchase new investments. In
addition, The Hartford has a policy of carrying a significant short-term investment position to
meet liquidity needs. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, HFSG held total fixed maturity
investments of $1.4 billion and $457, of which $1.3 billion and $154 were short-term investments.
HFSG intends to use $425 to repay its 5.55% notes at maturity on August 16, 2008, $200 to repay its
6.375% notes at maturity on November 1, 2008 and $330 to repay its 5.663% notes at maturity on
November 16, 2008. HFSG issued $1 billion of senior notes during the first half of 2008 to
pre-fund payment of these maturities. For a discussion of the Companys investment objectives and
strategies, see the Investments and Capital Markets Risk Management sections above.
135
Sources of Capital
Shelf Registrations
On April 11, 2007, The Hartford filed an automatic shelf registration statement (Registration No.
333-142044) for the potential offering and sale of debt and equity securities with the Securities
and Exchange Commission. The registration statement allows for the following types of securities
to be offered: (i) debt securities, preferred stock, common stock, depositary shares, warrants,
stock purchase contracts, stock purchase units and junior subordinated deferrable interest
debentures of the Company, and (ii) preferred securities of any of one or more capital trusts
organized by The Hartford (The Hartford Trusts). The Company may enter into guarantees with
respect to the preferred securities of any of The Hartford Trusts. In that The Hartford is a
well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, the
registration statement went effective immediately upon filing and The Hartford may offer and sell
an unlimited amount of securities under the registration statement during the three-year life of
the shelf.
Contingent Capital Facility
On February 12, 2007, The Hartford entered into a put option agreement (the Put Option Agreement)
with Glen Meadow ABC Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the ABC Trust), and LaSalle Bank National
Association, as put option calculation agent. The Put Option Agreement provides The Hartford with
the right to require the ABC Trust, at any time and from time to time, to purchase The Hartfords
junior subordinated notes (the Notes) in a maximum aggregate principal amount not to exceed $500.
Under the Put Option Agreement, The Hartford will pay the ABC Trust premiums on a periodic basis,
calculated with respect to the aggregate principal amount of Notes that The Hartford had the right
to put to the ABC Trust for such period. The Hartford has agreed to reimburse the ABC Trust for
certain fees and ordinary expenses. The Company holds a variable interest in the ABC Trust where
the Company is not the primary beneficiary. As a result, the Company did not consolidate the ABC
Trust, as they did not meet the consolidation requirements under FASB Interpretation No. 46
(revised December 2003), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of ARB No.
51 (FIN 46(R)).
Commercial Paper, Revolving Credit Facility and Line of Credit
The table below details the Companys short-term debt programs and the applicable balances
outstanding.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum Available As of |
|
|
Outstanding As of |
|
|
|
Effective |
|
|
Expiration |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
Description |
|
Date |
|
|
Date |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Commercial Paper |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Hartford |
|
|
11/10/86 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
$ |
2,000 |
|
|
$ |
2,000 |
|
|
$ |
374 |
|
|
$ |
373 |
|
Revolving Credit Facility |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5-year revolving credit facility |
|
|
8/9/07 |
|
|
|
8/9/12 |
|
|
|
2,000 |
|
|
|
2,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line of Credit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Life Japan Operations [1] |
|
|
9/18/02 |
|
|
|
1/5/09 |
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Commercial Paper, Revolving
Credit Facility and Line of Credit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,047 |
|
|
$ |
4,045 |
|
|
$ |
374 |
|
|
$ |
373 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the line of credit in yen was ¥5 billion. |
The revolving credit facility provides for up to $2.0 billion of unsecured credit. Of the total
availability under the revolving credit facility, up to $100 is available to support letters of
credit issued on behalf of The Hartford or other subsidiaries of The Hartford. Under the revolving
credit facility, the Company must maintain a minimum level of consolidated net worth. In addition,
the Company must not exceed a maximum ratio of debt to capitalization. Quarterly, the Company
certifies compliance with the financial covenants for the syndicate of participating financial
institutions. As of June 30, 2008, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations
There have been no material changes to the Companys off-balance sheet arrangements and aggregate
contractual obligations since the filing of the Companys 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Pension Plans and Other Postretirement Benefits
While the Company has significant discretion in making voluntary contributions to the U. S.
qualified defined benefit pension plan (the Plan), the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974 as amended by the Pension Protection Act of 2006 mandates minimum contributions in certain
circumstances. For 2008, the Company does not expect to have a required minimum funding
contribution for the Plan and the funding requirements for all of the pension plans are expected to
be immaterial. The Company expects to contribute $200 to the pension plans and other
postretirement benefit plans during 2008.
136
Capitalization
The capital structure of The Hartford as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 consisted of debt
and equity, summarized as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Short-term
debt (includes current maturities of long-term debt and capital lease obligations) |
|
$ |
1,353 |
|
|
$ |
1,365 |
|
|
|
(1 |
%) |
Long-term debt |
|
|
4,618 |
|
|
|
3,142 |
|
|
|
47 |
% |
Total debt [1] |
|
|
5,971 |
|
|
|
4,507 |
|
|
|
32 |
% |
Equity excluding accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (AOCI) |
|
|
19,604 |
|
|
|
20,062 |
|
|
|
(2 |
%) |
AOCI, net of tax |
|
|
(2,780 |
) |
|
|
(858 |
) |
|
NM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
$ |
16,824 |
|
|
$ |
19,204 |
|
|
|
(12 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization including AOCI |
|
$ |
22,795 |
|
|
$ |
23,711 |
|
|
|
(4 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Debt to equity |
|
|
35 |
% |
|
|
23 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Debt to capitalization |
|
|
26 |
% |
|
|
19 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Total debt of the Company excludes $1.1 billion and $809 of consumer notes as of June 30,
2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. |
The Hartfords total capitalization decreased $916 and 4% from December 31, 2007 to June 30, 2008
primarily due to the following:
|
|
|
AOCI, net of tax
|
|
Decreased $1.9 billion primarily due to increases in unrealized losses on securities of $2.0 billion. |
|
|
|
Total Debt
|
|
Increased from issuance of $1.0 billion in senior notes and $500 in junior subordinated debentures,
see discussion below. |
Debt
Senior Notes
On May 12, 2008, The Hartford issued $500 of 6.0% senior notes due January 15, 2019. The issuance
was made pursuant to the Companys shelf registration statement (Registration No. 333-142044).
On March 4, 2008, The Hartford issued $500 of 6.3% senior notes due March 15, 2018. The issuance
was made pursuant to the Companys shelf registration statement (Registration No. 333-142044).
HFSG intends to use proceeds from the total $1 billion in issuances of senior notes to repay its
$425 5.55% notes at maturity on August 16, 2008, $200 6.375% notes at maturity on November 1, 2008
and $330 5.663% notes at maturity on November 16, 2008.
For additional information regarding debt, see Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Junior Subordinated Debentures
On June 6, 2008, the Company issued $500 aggregate principal amount of 8.125% fixed-to-floating
rate junior subordinated debentures (the debentures) due June 15, 2068 for net proceeds of
approximately $493, after deducting underwriting discounts and expense of the offering. The
debentures bear interest at an annual fixed rate of 8.125% from the date of issuance to, but
excluding, June 15, 2018, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15. From and
including June 15, 2018, the debentures will bear interest at an annual rate, reset quarterly,
equal to three-month LIBOR plus 4.6025%, payable quarterly in arrears on March 15, June 15,
September 15 and December 15 of each year. The Company has the right, on one or more occasions, to
defer the payment of interest on the debentures. The Company may defer interest for up to ten
consecutive years without giving rise to an event of default. Deferred interest will accumulate
additional interest at an annual rate equal to the annual interest rate then applicable to the
debentures. If the Company defers interest for five consecutive years or, if earlier, pays current
interest during a deferral period, which may be paid from any source of funds, the Company will be
required to pay deferred interest from proceeds from the sale of certain qualifying securities.
The debentures carry a scheduled maturity date of June 15, 2038 and a final maturity date of June
15, 2068. During the 180-day period ending on a notice date not more than fifteen and not less than
ten business days prior to the scheduled maturity date, the Company is required to use commercially
reasonable efforts to sell certain qualifying replacement securities sufficient to permit repayment
of the debentures at the scheduled maturity date. If any debentures remain outstanding after the
scheduled maturity date, the unpaid amount will remain outstanding until the Company has raised
sufficient proceeds from the sale of qualifying replacement securities to permit the repayment in
full of the debentures. If there are remaining debentures at the final maturity date, the Company
is required to redeem the debentures using any source of funds.
Subject to the replacement capital covenant described below, the Company can redeem the debentures
at its option, in whole or in part, at any time on or after June 15, 2018 at a redemption price of
100% of the principal amount being redeemed plus accrued but unpaid interest. The Company can
redeem the debentures at its option prior to June 15, 2018 (a) in whole at any time or in part from
time to time or (b) in whole, but not in part, in the event of certain tax or rating agency events
relating to the debentures, at a redemption price
equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount being redeemed and the applicable make-whole
amount, in each case plus any accrued and unpaid interest.
137
In connection with the offering of the debentures, the Company entered into a replacement capital
covenant for the benefit of holders of one or more designated series of the Companys
indebtedness, initially the Companys 6.1% notes due 2041. Under the terms of the replacement
capital covenant, if the Company redeems the debentures at any time prior to June 15, 2048 it can
only do so with the proceeds from the sale of certain qualifying replacement securities.
Consumer Notes
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $1,113 and $809, respectively, of consumer notes were
outstanding. As of June 30, 2008, these consumer notes have interest rates ranging from 4.0% to
6.3% for fixed notes and, for variable notes, either consumer price index plus 80 to 267 basis
points, or indexed to the S&P 500, Dow Jones Industrials or the Nikkei 225. For the three months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, interest credited to holders of consumer notes was $14 and $6,
respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, interest credited to holders of
consumer notes was $26 and $11, respectively.
For additional information regarding consumer notes, see Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Stockholders Equity
Treasury stock acquired - During the three months ended June 30, 2008, The Hartford repurchased
$871 (11.7 million shares), of which $500 (6.3 million shares) was repurchased under an accelerated
share repurchase transaction described below. From July 1, 2008 through July 18, 2008, The
Hartford repurchased an additional $129 (2.0 million shares) for total share repurchases of $1.0
billion (13.7 million shares) in 2008.
On June 4, 2008, the Company entered into a collared accelerated share repurchase agreement (ASR)
with a major financial institution. Under the terms of the agreement, The Hartford paid $500 and
initially received a minimum number of shares based on a maximum or capped share price. The
Company funded this payment with proceeds from the offering of the junior subordinated debentures
(see Note 11). The Hartford initially received 6.3 million shares of common stock based on the
cap price which were recorded to Treasury Stock and deducted on a weighted basis from the number
of shares outstanding as of June 30, 2008 in calculating earnings per share. The actual per share
purchase price and the final number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the volume
weighted average price, or VWAP, of the Companys common stock, not to be fixed above a cap price
nor fall lower than a floor price. Additional shares that may be delivered to The Hartford and the
average price paid for all shares repurchased during the ASR will be determined by the Companys
stock price activity through the final averaging date, not less than 22 and not more than 66
exchange trading days from June 11, 2008. Had the contract settled on June 30, 2008, the Company
would have received an additional 1.0 million shares. The Company has accounted for this
transaction in accordance with EITF Issue No. 99-7, Accounting for an Accelerated Share Repurchase
Program.
Dividends
- On May 22, 2008, The Hartfords Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of
$0.53 per share payable on July 1, 2008 to shareholders of record as of June 2, 2008.
On July 17, 2008, The Hartfords Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.53 per
share payable on October 1, 2008 to shareholders of record as of September 2, 2008.
AOCI - AOCI, net of tax, decreased by $1.9 billion as of June 30, 2008 compared with December 31,
2007. The decrease in AOCI includes unrealized losses on securities of $2.0 billion, primarily due
to widening credit spreads associated with fixed maturities. Because The Hartfords investment
portfolio has a duration of approximately 5 years, a 100 basis point parallel movement in rates
would result in approximately a 5% change in fair value. Movements in short-term interest rates
without corresponding changes in long-term rates will impact the fair value of our fixed maturities
to a lesser extent than parallel interest rate movements.
For additional information on stockholders equity and AOCI, see Notes 15 and 16, respectively, of
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Cash Flow
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six months ended |
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
$ |
2,261 |
|
|
$ |
2,947 |
|
Net cash used for investing activities |
|
$ |
(4,317 |
) |
|
$ |
(3,158 |
) |
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
$ |
2,002 |
|
|
$ |
482 |
|
Cash end of period |
|
$ |
2,084 |
|
|
$ |
1,624 |
|
The decrease in cash from operating activities compared to prior year period was primarily the
result of decreased net income and an increase in payments on payables and accrual balances. Net
purchases of available-for-sale securities continue to account for the majority of cash used for
investing activities. Cash from financing activities increased primarily due to $1.5 billion in
issuances of long-term debt in 2008 and short-term debt repayments reflected in the prior year
period activity.
Operating cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 have been adequate to meet
liquidity requirements.
138
Equity Markets
For a discussion of the potential impact of the equity markets on capital and liquidity, see the
Capital Markets Risk Management section under Market Risk above.
Ratings
Ratings are an important factor in establishing the competitive position in the insurance and
financial services marketplace. There can be no assurance that the Companys ratings will continue
for any given period of time or that they will not be changed. In the event the Companys ratings
are downgraded, the level of revenues or the persistency of the Companys business may be adversely
impacted.
The following table summarizes The Hartfords significant member companies financial ratings from
the major independent rating organizations as of July 18, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance Financial Strength Ratings: |
|
A.M. Best |
|
Fitch |
|
Standard & Poors |
|
Moodys |
Hartford Fire Insurance Company |
|
A+ |
|
AA |
|
AA- |
|
Aa3 |
Hartford Life Insurance Company |
|
A+ |
|
AA |
|
AA- |
|
Aa3 |
Hartford Life and Accident Insurance Company |
|
A+ |
|
AA |
|
AA- |
|
Aa3 |
Hartford Life and Annuity Insurance Company |
|
A+ |
|
AA |
|
AA- |
|
Aa3 |
Hartford Life Insurance KK (Japan) |
|
|
|
|
|
AA- |
|
|
Hartford Life Limited (Ireland) |
|
|
|
|
|
AA- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Ratings: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc.: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Senior debt |
|
a |
|
A |
|
A |
|
A2 |
Commercial paper |
|
AMB-1 |
|
F1 |
|
A-1 |
|
P-1 |
Junior subordinated debentures |
|
bbb+ |
|
A- |
|
BBB+ |
|
A3 |
Hartford Life, Inc.: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Senior debt |
|
a |
|
A |
|
A |
|
A2 |
Hartford Life Insurance Company: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short term rating |
|
|
|
|
|
A-1+ |
|
P-1 |
Consumer notes |
|
a+ |
|
AA- |
|
AA- |
|
A1 |
These ratings are not a recommendation to buy or hold any of The Hartfords securities and they may
be revised or revoked at any time at the sole discretion of the rating organization.
The agencies consider many factors in determining the final rating of an insurance company. One
consideration is the relative level of statutory surplus necessary to support the business written.
Statutory surplus represents the capital of the insurance company reported in accordance with
accounting practices prescribed by the applicable state insurance department.
The table below sets forth statutory surplus for the Companys insurance companies.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Life Operations |
|
$ |
5,435 |
|
|
$ |
5,786 |
|
Japan Life Operations |
|
|
1,529 |
|
|
|
1,620 |
|
Property & Casualty Operations |
|
|
8,319 |
|
|
|
8,509 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
15,283 |
|
|
$ |
15,915 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contingencies
Legal Proceedings - For a discussion regarding contingencies related to The Hartfords legal
proceedings, see Part II, Item 1, Legal Proceedings.
ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
For a discussion of accounting standards, see Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
included in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report and Note 1 of Notes to Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The information contained in the Capital Markets Risk Management section of Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is incorporated herein by reference.
139
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
The Companys principal executive officer and its principal financial officer, based on their
evaluation of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule
13a-15(e)) have concluded that the Companys disclosure controls and procedures are effective for
the purposes set forth in the definition thereof in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) as of June 30,
2008.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There was no change in the Companys internal control over financial reporting that occurred during
the Companys second fiscal quarter of 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely
to materially affect, the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Litigation
The Hartford is involved in claims litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, both as a
liability insurer defending or providing indemnity for third-party claims brought against insureds
and as an insurer defending coverage claims brought against it. The Hartford accounts for such
activity through the establishment of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense reserves. Subject to
the uncertainties discussed below under the caption Asbestos and Environmental Claims, management
expects that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to such ordinary-course claims
litigation, after consideration of provisions made for potential losses and costs of defense, will
not be material to the consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of The
Hartford.
The Hartford is also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert claims for
substantial amounts. These actions include, among others, putative state and federal class actions
seeking certification of a state or national class. Such putative class actions have alleged, for
example, underpayment of claims or improper underwriting practices in connection with various kinds
of insurance policies, such as personal and commercial automobile, property, life and inland
marine; improper sales practices in connection with the sale of life insurance and other investment
products; and improper fee arrangements in connection with investment products and structured
settlements. The Hartford also is involved in individual actions in which punitive damages are
sought, such as claims alleging bad faith in the handling of insurance claims. Like many other
insurers, The Hartford also has been joined in actions by asbestos plaintiffs asserting, among
other things, that insurers had a duty to protect the public from the dangers of asbestos and that
insurers committed unfair trade practices by asserting defenses on behalf of their policyholders in
the underlying asbestos cases. Management expects that the ultimate liability, if any, with
respect to such lawsuits, after consideration of provisions made for estimated losses, will not be
material to the consolidated financial condition of The Hartford. Nonetheless, given the large or
indeterminate amounts sought in certain of these actions, and the inherent unpredictability of
litigation, an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse
effect on the Companys consolidated results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or
annual periods.
Broker
Compensation Litigation - Following the New York Attorney Generals filing of a civil
complaint against Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., and Marsh, Inc. (collectively, Marsh) in
October 2004 alleging that certain insurance companies, including The Hartford, participated with
Marsh in arrangements to submit inflated bids for business insurance and paid contingent
commissions to ensure that Marsh would direct business to them, private plaintiffs brought several
lawsuits against the Company predicated on the allegations in the Marsh complaint, to which the
Company was not party. Among these is a multidistrict litigation in the United States District
Court for the District of New Jersey. There are two consolidated amended complaints filed in the
multidistrict litigation, one related to conduct in connection with the sale of property-casualty
insurance and the other related to alleged conduct in connection with the sale of group benefits
products. The Company and various of its subsidiaries are named in both complaints. The
complaints assert, on behalf of a putative class of persons who purchased insurance through broker
defendants, claims under the Sherman Act, the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
(RICO), state law, and in the case of the group-benefits products complaint, claims under the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). The claims are predicated upon
allegedly undisclosed or otherwise improper payments of contingent commissions to the broker
defendants to steer business to the insurance company defendants. The district court has dismissed
the Sherman Act and RICO claims in both complaints for failure to state a claim and has granted the
defendants motions for summary judgment on the ERISA claims in the group-benefits products
complaint. The district court further has declined to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over the
state law claims, has dismissed those state law claims without prejudice, and has closed both
cases. The plaintiffs have appealed the dismissal of claims in both consolidated amended
complaints, except the ERISA claims.
The Company is also a defendant in two consolidated securities actions and two consolidated
derivative actions filed in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. The
consolidated securities actions assert claims on behalf of a putative class of shareholders
alleging that the Company and certain of its executive officers violated Section 10(b) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 by failing to disclose to the investing public that
The Hartfords business and growth was predicated on the unlawful activity alleged in the New York
Attorney Generals complaint against Marsh. The consolidated derivative actions, brought by
shareholders on behalf of the Company against its directors and an additional executive officer,
allege that the defendants knew adverse non-public information about the activities alleged in the
Marsh complaint and concealed and misappropriated that information to make profitable stock trades
in violation of their duties to the Company. In July 2006, the district court granted defendants
motion to dismiss
the consolidated securities actions. The plaintiffs have appealed that decision. Defendants filed
a motion to dismiss the consolidated derivative actions in May 2005, and the plaintiffs have agreed
to stay further proceedings until after the resolution of the appeal from the dismissal of the
securities action.
140
In September 2007, the Ohio Attorney General filed a civil action in Ohio state court alleging that
certain insurance companies, including The Hartford, conspired with Marsh in violation of Ohios
antitrust statute. The trial court denied the defendants motion to dismiss the complaint in July
2008. The Company disputes the allegations and intends to defend this action vigorously.
Fair Credit Reporting Act Class Action - In February 2007, the United States District Court for the
District of Oregon gave final approval of the Companys settlement of a lawsuit brought on behalf
of a class of homeowners and automobile policy holders alleging that the Company willfully violated
the Fair Credit Reporting Act by failing to send appropriate notices to new customers whose initial
rates were higher than they would have been had the customer had a more favorable credit report.
The settlement was made on a claim-in, nationwide-class basis and required eligible class members
to return valid claim forms postmarked no later than June 28, 2007. The Company has paid
approximately $86.5 to eligible claimants in connection with the settlement. The Company has
sought reimbursement from the Companys Excess Professional Liability Insurance Program for the
portion of the settlement in excess of the Companys $10 self-insured retention. Certain insurance
carriers participating in that program have disputed coverage for the settlement, and one of the
excess insurers has commenced an arbitration to resolve the dispute. Management believes it is
probable that the Companys coverage position ultimately will be sustained.
Call-Center Patent Litigation - In June 2007, the holder of twenty-one patents related to automated
call flow processes, Ronald A. Katz Technology Licensing, LP (Katz), brought an action against
the Company and various of its subsidiaries in the United States District Court for the Southern
District of New York. The action alleges that the Companys call centers use automated processes
that willfully infringe the Katz patents. Katz previously has brought similar patent-infringement
actions against a wide range of other companies, none of which has reached a final adjudication of
the merits of the plaintiffs claims, but many of which have resulted in settlements under which
the defendants agreed to pay licensing fees. The case has been transferred to a multidistrict
litigation in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, which is
currently presiding over other Katz patent cases. The Company disputes the allegations and intends
to defend this action vigorously.
Asbestos and Environmental Claims - As discussed in Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, of the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption Asbestos and Environmental Claims,
included in the Companys 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report, The Hartford continues to receive asbestos
and environmental claims that involve significant uncertainty regarding policy coverage issues.
Regarding these claims, The Hartford continually reviews its overall reserve levels and reinsurance
coverages, as well as the methodologies it uses to estimate its exposures. Because of the
significant uncertainties that limit the ability of insurers and reinsurers to estimate the
ultimate reserves necessary for unpaid losses and related expenses, particularly those related to
asbestos, the ultimate liabilities may exceed the currently recorded reserves. Any such additional
liability cannot be reasonably estimated now but could be material to The Hartfords consolidated
operating results, financial condition and liquidity.
Item 1A. RISK FACTORS
Refer to Part II, Item 1A of The Hartfords Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
March 31, 2008 and Part I, Item 1A in The Hartfords 2007 Form 10-K Annual Report for an
explanation of the Companys risk factors.
Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
The following table summarizes the Companys repurchases of its common stock for the three months
ended June 30, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Number of |
|
|
Approximate Dollar |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Purchased as |
|
|
Value of Shares that |
|
|
|
Total Number |
|
|
Average Price |
|
|
Part of Publicly |
|
|
May Yet Be |
|
|
|
of Shares |
|
|
Paid Per |
|
|
Announced Plans or |
|
|
Purchased Under |
|
Period |
|
Purchased |
|
|
Share |
|
|
Programs |
|
|
the Plans or Programs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in millions) |
|
April 1, 2008 April 30, 2008 |
|
|
19 |
[1] |
|
$ |
72.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
807 |
|
May 1, 2008 May 31, 2008 |
|
|
2,117,189 |
[1] |
|
$ |
69.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
659 |
|
June 1, 2008 June 30, 2008 |
|
|
9,561,800 |
[1] [2] |
|
$ |
75.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
936 |
[3] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
11,679,008 |
|
|
$ |
74.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
|
Includes 19, 414 and 3,996 shares in April, May and June,
respectively, acquired from employees of the Company for tax
withholding purposes in connection with the Companys stock
compensation plans. |
|
[2] |
|
Includes 6,333,026 shares delivered to the Companys treasury stock
account pursuant to the terms of a collared accelerated stock
repurchase confirmation agreement between the Company and a major
financial institution (see Note 12 to the Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements). |
|
[3] |
|
In June 2008, The Hartfords Board of Directors authorized a new $1
billion stock repurchase program which is in addition to the $2
billion program completed in June 2008. |
141
In June 2008, The Hartfords Board of Directors authorized a new $1 billion stock repurchase
program which is in addition to the previously announced $2 billion program. The Companys
repurchase authorization permits purchases of common stock, which may be in the open market or
through privately negotiated transactions. The Company also may enter into derivative transactions
to facilitate future repurchases of common stock. The timing of any future repurchases will be
dependent upon several factors, including the market price of the Companys securities, the
Companys capital position, consideration of the effect of any repurchases on the Companys
financial strength or credit ratings, and other corporate considerations. The repurchase program
may be modified, extended or terminated by the Board of Directors at any time. As of June 30,
2008, The Hartford has completed the $2 billion stock repurchase program and has $936 remaining for
stock repurchase under the new $1 billion repurchase program. From July 1, 2008 through July 18,
2008, The Hartford repurchased an additional $129 (2.0 million shares) for total share repurchases
of $1.0 billion (13.7 million shares) in 2008.
Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITIES HOLDERS
On May 21, 2008, The Hartford held its annual meeting of shareholders. The following matters were
considered and voted upon: (1) the election of ten directors, each to serve until the next annual
meeting of shareholders and the election and qualifications of his or her successor; and (2) a
proposal to ratify the appointment of the Companys independent auditors, Deloitte & Touche LLP,
for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008.
Only shareholders of record as of the close of business on March 24, 2008 were entitled to vote at
the annual meeting. As of March 24, 2008, 314,589,526 shares of common stock of the Company were
outstanding and entitled to vote at the annual meeting.
Set forth below is the vote tabulation relating to the two items presented to the shareholders at
the annual meeting:
(1) The shareholders elected each of the ten nominees to the Board of Directors:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Votes Cast |
|
Names of Director Nominees |
|
For |
|
|
Against |
|
|
Abstained |
|
Ramani Ayer |
|
|
271,461,322 |
|
|
|
4,160,098 |
|
|
|
2,586,359 |
|
Ramon de Oliveira |
|
|
273,448,342 |
|
|
|
2,203,409 |
|
|
|
2,556,028 |
|
Trevor Fetter |
|
|
273,315,964 |
|
|
|
2,343,558 |
|
|
|
2,548,257 |
|
Edward J. Kelly, III |
|
|
273,350,338 |
|
|
|
2,297,822 |
|
|
|
2,559,619 |
|
Paul G. Kirk, Jr. |
|
|
271,138,381 |
|
|
|
4,164,250 |
|
|
|
2,905,148 |
|
Thomas M. Marra |
|
|
271,909,091 |
|
|
|
3,750,301 |
|
|
|
2,548,387 |
|
Gail J. McGovern |
|
|
273,488,758 |
|
|
|
2,165,701 |
|
|
|
2,553,320 |
|
Michael G. Morris |
|
|
272,158,947 |
|
|
|
3,496,604 |
|
|
|
2,552,228 |
|
Charles B. Strauss |
|
|
273,465,230 |
|
|
|
2,189,911 |
|
|
|
2,552,638 |
|
H. Patrick Swygert |
|
|
271,439,284 |
|
|
|
4,195,071 |
|
|
|
2,573,424 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2) The shareholders ratified the appointment of the Companys independent auditors: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares For: |
|
|
274,981,694 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Against: |
|
|
587,962 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Abstained: |
|
|
2,638,123 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Item 6. EXHIBITS
See Exhibits Index on page 144.
142
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Hartford Financial
Services Group, Inc.
(Registrant)
|
|
Date: July 28, 2008 |
/s/ Beth A. Bombara
|
|
|
Beth A. Bombara |
|
|
Senior Vice President and Controller
(Chief accounting officer and duly
authorized signatory) |
|
|
143
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2008
FORM 10-Q
EXHIBITS INDEX
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
4.01
|
|
6.000% Senior Note due January 15, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2
to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
May 12, 2008). |
|
|
|
4.02
|
|
8.125% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Debenture due 2068 (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 6,
2008). |
|
|
|
4.03
|
|
Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of June 6, 2008, between The Hartford Financial
Services Group, Inc. and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
June 6, 2008). |
|
|
|
4.04
|
|
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 6, 2008, between The Hartford Financial
Services Group, Inc. and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
June 6, 2008). |
|
|
|
4.05
|
|
Replacement Capital Covenant, dated as of June 6, 2008 (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 4.4 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 6, 2008). |
|
|
|
10.01
|
|
Accelerated Share Repurchase Confirmation Agreement, dated as of June 4, 2008, between
The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. and Credit Suisse International. |
|
|
|
15.01
|
|
Deloitte & Touche LLP Letter of Awareness. |
|
|
|
31.01
|
|
Certification of Ramani Ayer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
31.02
|
|
Certification of Lizabeth H. Zlatkus pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
32.01
|
|
Certification of Ramani Ayer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
32.02
|
|
Certification of Lizabeth H. Zlatkus pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
144