Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008
OR
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 1-13232
Apartment Investment and Management Company
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Maryland
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84-1259577 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization)
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Identification No.) |
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4582 South Ulster Street Parkway, Suite 1100 |
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Denver, Colorado
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80237 |
(Address of principal executive offices)
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(Zip Code) |
(303) 757-8101
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address, and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer þ
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Accelerated filer o
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Non-accelerated filer o
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Smaller reporting company o |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
The number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding as of April 30, 2008: 89,744,322
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FORM 10-Q
1
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Financial Statements
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
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March 31, |
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December 31, |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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ASSETS |
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Real estate: |
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Buildings and improvements |
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$ |
9,740,883 |
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$ |
9,589,478 |
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Land |
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2,642,050 |
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2,642,521 |
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Total real estate |
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12,382,933 |
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12,231,999 |
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Less accumulated depreciation |
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(3,097,465 |
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(2,978,973 |
) |
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Net real estate |
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9,285,468 |
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9,253,026 |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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163,083 |
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210,461 |
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Restricted cash |
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302,015 |
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318,371 |
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Accounts receivable, net |
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71,938 |
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71,463 |
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Accounts receivable from affiliates, net |
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35,072 |
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34,958 |
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Deferred financing costs |
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73,589 |
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78,984 |
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Notes receivable from unconsolidated real estate partnerships, net |
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35,441 |
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35,186 |
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Notes receivable from non-affiliates, net |
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144,977 |
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143,054 |
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Investment in unconsolidated real estate partnerships |
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120,982 |
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117,217 |
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Other assets |
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205,181 |
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207,857 |
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Deferred income tax assets, net |
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15,256 |
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14,426 |
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Assets held for sale |
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98,761 |
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121,529 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
10,551,763 |
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$ |
10,606,532 |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
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Property tax-exempt bond financing |
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$ |
942,316 |
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$ |
941,555 |
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Property loans payable |
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6,070,356 |
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5,966,240 |
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Term loans |
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475,000 |
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475,000 |
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Credit facility |
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218,800 |
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Other borrowings |
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74,492 |
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75,057 |
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Total indebtedness |
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7,780,964 |
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7,457,852 |
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Accounts payable |
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31,775 |
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56,792 |
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Accrued liabilities and other |
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333,929 |
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449,485 |
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Deferred income |
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201,966 |
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202,289 |
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Security deposits |
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50,600 |
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48,876 |
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Liabilities related to assets held for sale |
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72,544 |
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86,493 |
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Total liabilities |
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8,471,778 |
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8,301,787 |
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Minority interest in consolidated real estate partnerships |
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424,363 |
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441,778 |
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Minority interest in Aimco Operating Partnership |
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104,768 |
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113,263 |
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Commitments and contingencies (Note 5) |
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Stockholders equity: |
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Preferred Stock, perpetual |
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723,500 |
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723,500 |
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Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 426,157,736 shares
authorized, 91,399,622 and 96,130,586 shares issued and
outstanding, at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007,
respectively |
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914 |
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961 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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2,888,707 |
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3,049,417 |
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Notes due on common stock purchases |
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(4,780 |
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(5,441 |
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Distributions in excess of earnings |
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(2,057,487 |
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(2,018,733 |
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Total stockholders equity |
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1,550,854 |
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1,749,704 |
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Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
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$ |
10,551,763 |
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$ |
10,606,532 |
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See notes to consolidated financial statements.
2
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended |
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March 31, |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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REVENUES: |
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Rental and other property revenues |
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$ |
417,646 |
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$ |
394,348 |
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Property management revenues, primarily from affiliates |
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2,104 |
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2,096 |
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Asset management and tax credit revenues |
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12,852 |
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11,630 |
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Total revenues |
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432,602 |
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408,074 |
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OPERATING EXPENSES: |
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Property operating expenses |
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204,485 |
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184,978 |
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Property management expenses |
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1,271 |
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1,483 |
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Investment management expenses |
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4,289 |
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4,466 |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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126,524 |
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118,525 |
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General and administrative expenses |
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21,424 |
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22,077 |
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Other expenses, net |
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5,061 |
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2,970 |
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Total operating expenses |
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363,054 |
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334,499 |
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Operating income |
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69,548 |
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73,575 |
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Interest income |
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8,583 |
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10,154 |
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Provision for losses on notes receivable |
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(1,159 |
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(1,543 |
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Interest expense |
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(107,436 |
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(101,548 |
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Deficit distributions to minority partners |
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(4,148 |
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(1,097 |
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Equity in losses of unconsolidated real estate partnerships |
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(1,029 |
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(2,986 |
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Gain (loss) on dispositions of unconsolidated real estate and other |
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(44 |
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20,462 |
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Loss before minority interests and discontinued operations |
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(35,685 |
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(2,983 |
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Minority interests: |
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Minority interest in consolidated real estate partnerships |
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6,969 |
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(3,763 |
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Minority interest in Aimco Operating Partnership, preferred |
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(1,782 |
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(1,782 |
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Minority interest in Aimco Operating Partnership, common |
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4,285 |
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2,483 |
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Total minority interests |
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9,472 |
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(3,062 |
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Loss from continuing operations |
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(26,213 |
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(6,045 |
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Income from discontinued operations, net |
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1,667 |
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31,253 |
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Net (loss) income |
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(24,546 |
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25,208 |
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Net income attributable to preferred stockholders |
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14,208 |
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16,348 |
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Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders |
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$ |
(38,754 |
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$ |
8,860 |
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Earnings (loss) per common share basic: |
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Loss from continuing operations (net of preferred dividends) |
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$ |
(0.44 |
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$ |
(0.22 |
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Income from discontinued operations |
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0.01 |
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0.31 |
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Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders |
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$ |
(0.43 |
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$ |
0.09 |
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Earnings (loss) per common share diluted: |
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Loss from continuing operations (net of preferred dividends) |
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$ |
(0.44 |
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$ |
(0.22 |
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Income from discontinued operations |
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0.01 |
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0.31 |
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Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders |
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$ |
(0.43 |
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$ |
0.09 |
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Weighted average common shares outstanding |
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90,973 |
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100,494 |
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Weighted average common shares and equivalents outstanding |
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90,973 |
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100,494 |
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Dividends declared per common share |
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$ |
0.00 |
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$ |
0.00 |
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See notes to consolidated financial statements.
3
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended |
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March 31, |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
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Net (loss) income |
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$ |
(24,546 |
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$ |
25,208 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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126,524 |
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118,525 |
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Discontinued operations |
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1,158 |
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(25,040 |
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Other adjustments |
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943 |
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(23,106 |
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Net changes in operating assets and operating liabilities |
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(49,828 |
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(14,825 |
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
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54,251 |
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80,762 |
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CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
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Purchases of real estate |
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(77,095 |
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Capital expenditures |
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(150,823 |
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(121,306 |
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Proceeds from dispositions of real estate |
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33,351 |
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64,540 |
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Change in funds held in escrow from tax-free exchanges |
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345 |
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25,710 |
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Purchases of partnership interests and other assets |
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(8,413 |
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(14,120 |
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Originations of notes receivable from unconsolidated real estate partnerships |
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(3,497 |
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(4,322 |
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Proceeds from repayment of notes receivable |
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4,880 |
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13,244 |
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Distributions from investments in unconsolidated real estate partnerships |
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3,633 |
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Other investing activities |
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10,623 |
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(623 |
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Net cash used in investing activities |
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(113,534 |
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(110,339 |
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CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
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Proceeds from property loans |
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213,321 |
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460,552 |
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Principal repayments on property loans |
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(136,197 |
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(222,084 |
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Proceeds from tax exempt bond financing |
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21,200 |
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42,675 |
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Principal repayments on tax-exempt bond financing |
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(1,228 |
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(31,935 |
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Net borrowings (repayments) on revolving credit facility |
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218,800 |
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(10,000 |
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Repurchases of Class A Common Stock |
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(199,370 |
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(111,612 |
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Proceeds from Class A Common Stock option exercises |
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316 |
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52,507 |
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Payment of Class A Common Stock dividends |
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(54,655 |
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(58,157 |
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Payment of preferred stock dividends |
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(14,208 |
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(16,371 |
) |
Payment of distributions to minority interest |
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(42,318 |
) |
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(21,144 |
) |
Other financing activities |
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6,244 |
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(27,518 |
) |
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
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11,905 |
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56,913 |
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NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
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(47,378 |
) |
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27,336 |
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
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210,461 |
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229,824 |
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |
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$ |
163,083 |
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$ |
257,160 |
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|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
4
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2008
(Unaudited)
Note 1 Organization
Apartment Investment and Management Company, or Aimco, is a Maryland corporation incorporated
on January 10, 1994. We are a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or
REIT, engaged in the acquisition, ownership, management and redevelopment of apartment properties.
As of March 31, 2008, we owned or managed a real estate portfolio of 1,163 apartment properties
containing 202,337 apartment units located in 46 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico.
Based on apartment unit data compiled by the National Multi Housing Council, as of January 1, 2008,
we were the largest owner and operator of apartment properties in the United States.
As of March 31, 2008, we:
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owned an equity interest in and consolidated 153,515 units in 655 properties (which we
refer to as consolidated), of which 151,928 units were also managed by us; |
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owned an equity interest in and did not consolidate 10,662 units in 91 properties (which
we refer to as unconsolidated), of which 5,009 units were also managed by us; and |
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provided services for or managed 38,160 units in 417 properties, primarily pursuant to
long-term agreements (including 34,932 units in 381 properties for which we provide asset
management services only, and not also property management services). In certain cases we
may indirectly own generally less than one percent of the operations of such properties
through a partnership syndication or other fund. |
Through our wholly-owned subsidiaries, AIMCO-GP, Inc. and AIMCO-LP, Inc., we own a majority of
the ownership interests in AIMCO Properties, L.P., which we refer to as the Aimco Operating
Partnership. As of March 31, 2008, we held an interest of approximately 91% in the common
partnership units and equivalents of the Aimco Operating Partnership. We conduct substantially all
of our business and own substantially all of our assets through the Aimco Operating Partnership.
Interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership that are held by limited partners other than Aimco are
referred to as OP Units. OP Units include common OP Units, partnership preferred units, or
preferred OP Units, and high performance partnership units, or High Performance Units. The Aimco
Operating Partnerships income is allocated to holders of common OP Units based on the weighted
average number of common OP Units outstanding during the period. The Aimco Operating Partnership
records the issuance of common OP Units and the assets acquired in purchase transactions based on
the market price of Aimco Class A Common Stock (which we refer to as Common Stock) at the date of
closing of the transaction. The holders of the common OP Units receive distributions, prorated
from the date of issuance, in an amount equivalent to the dividends paid to holders of Common
Stock. Holders of common OP Units may redeem such units for cash or, at the Aimco Operating
Partnerships option, Common Stock. Preferred OP Units entitle the holders thereof to a preference
with respect to distributions or upon liquidation. At March 31, 2008, after elimination of certain
shares of Common Stock held by consolidated subsidiaries, 91,399,622 shares of our Common Stock
were outstanding and the Aimco Operating Partnership had 9,572,131 common OP Units and equivalents
outstanding for a combined total of 100,971,753 shares of Common Stock and OP Units outstanding
(excluding preferred OP Units).
Except as the context otherwise requires, we, our, us and the Company refer to Aimco,
the Aimco Operating Partnership and their consolidated entities, collectively.
In December 2007, the Aimco Operating Partnership declared a special cash distribution of
$2.51 per unit payable on January 30, 2008, to holders of record of common OP Units and High
Performance Units on December 31, 2007. The special distribution totaled $257.2 million and was
paid on 102,478,510 common OP Units and High Performance Units, including 92,795,891 common OP
Units held by us. The Aimco Operating Partnership distributed to us
common OP Units equal to the number of shares we issued pursuant to
our corresponding special dividend (discussed below), in addition to
$55.0 million in cash. Holders of common OP Units other than us and
holders of High Performance Units received the distribution entirely
in cash, which totaled $24.3 million.
Also in December 2007, our Board of Directors declared a corresponding special dividend of
$2.51 per share payable on January 30, 2008, to holders of record of our Common Stock on December
31, 2007. Stockholders had the option to elect to receive payment of the special dividend in cash,
shares or a combination of cash and shares, except that the aggregate
amount of cash payable to all stockholders in the special dividend was limited to $55.0
million plus cash paid in lieu of fractional shares. The special dividend, totaling $232.9
million, was paid on 92,795,891 shares issued and outstanding on the record date, which included
416,140 shares held by certain of our consolidated subsidiaries. Approximately $177.9 million of
the special dividend was paid through the issuance of 4,594,074 shares of Common Stock (including
20,339 shares issued to consolidated subsidiaries holding our shares), which was determined based
on the average closing price of our Common Stock on January 23-24, 2008, or $38.71 per share.
5
After elimination of the effect of shares held by consolidated subsidiaries, the special
dividend totaled $231.9 million. Approximately $177.1 million of the special dividend was paid
through the issuance of 4,573,735 shares of Common Stock (excluding 20,339 shares issued to our
consolidated subsidiaries) to holders of 92,379,751 shares of our Common Stock on the record date
(excluding 416,140 shares held by certain of our consolidated subsidiaries), representing an
increase of approximately 4.95% to the then outstanding shares. The effect of the issuance of
additional shares of Common Stock pursuant to the special dividend has been retroactively reflected
in historical periods presented as if those shares were issued and outstanding at the beginning of
the earliest period presented; accordingly, all activity including share issuances, repurchases and
forfeitures have been adjusted to reflect the 4.95% increase in the number of shares, except in
limited instances where noted otherwise.
Note 2 Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or GAAP, for interim
financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X.
Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for
complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal
recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating
results for the three months ended March 31, 2008, are not necessarily indicative of the results
that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008.
The balance sheet at December 31, 2007, has been derived from the audited financial statements
at that date but does not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for
complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the financial statements and
notes thereto included in Aimcos Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Certain 2007 financial statement amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2008
presentation.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Aimco, the Aimco
Operating Partnership, and their consolidated entities. We consolidate all variable interest
entities for which we are the primary beneficiary. Generally, we consolidate real estate
partnerships and other entities that are not variable interest entities when we own, directly or
indirectly, a majority voting interest in the entity or are otherwise able to control the entity.
All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership that are held by limited partners other than
Aimco are reflected in the accompanying balance sheets as minority interest in Aimco Operating
Partnership. Interests in partnerships consolidated into the Aimco Operating Partnership that are
held by third parties are reflected in the accompanying balance sheets as minority interest in
consolidated real estate partnerships. The assets of consolidated real estate partnerships owned or
controlled by us generally are not available to pay creditors of Aimco or the Aimco Operating
Partnership.
As used herein, and except where the context otherwise requires, partnership refers to a
limited partnership or a limited liability company and partner refers to a partner in a limited
partnership or a member in a limited liability company.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts included in the
financial statements and accompanying notes thereto. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
We test for the recoverability of real estate assets that do not currently meet all conditions
to be classified as held for sale, but are expected to be disposed of prior to the end of their
estimated useful lives. If events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a property
may not be recoverable, we make an assessment of its recoverability by comparing the carrying
amount to our estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows of the property, excluding interest
charges. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated aggregate undiscounted future cash flows, we recognize
an impairment loss to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value of the
property.
6
Our tests of recoverability address real estate assets that do not currently meet all
conditions to be classified as held for sale, but are expected to be disposed of prior to the end
of their estimated useful lives. If an impairment loss is not required to be recorded under the
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, or SFAS 144, the recognition of depreciation is adjusted
prospectively, as necessary, to reduce the carrying amount of the real estate to its estimated
disposition value over the remaining period that the real estate is expected to be held and used.
We also may adjust depreciation prospectively to reduce to zero the carrying amount of buildings
that we plan to demolish in connection with a redevelopment project. These depreciation
adjustments, after adjustments for minority interest in the Aimco Operating Partnership, decreased
net income by $3.3 million and $11.0 million, and resulted in a decrease in basic and diluted
earnings per share of $0.04 and $0.11, for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007,
respectively.
During the three months ended March 31, 2007, we evaluated the recoverability of our $6.3
million equity investment in a group purchasing organization and a related $3.4 million note
receivable. We initiated our evaluation as a result of information concerning its relationships
with significant vendors. Based on our evaluation, we recorded impairments of $2.5 million in
equity in losses of real estate partnerships and $1.4 million in provision for losses on notes
receivable to adjust the carrying amounts of our equity investment and note receivable,
respectively, to their estimated fair values. We did not recognize any such impairments during the
three months ended March 31, 2008.
During the three months ended March 31, 2007, we abandoned certain internal-use software
development projects and recorded a $1.8 million write-off of the capitalized costs of such
projects in depreciation and amortization. We did not recognize any such write-offs during the
three months ended March 31, 2008.
Income Taxes
In March 2008, we were notified by the Internal Revenue Service that it intends to examine the
2006 federal tax return for the Aimco Operating Partnership. We do not anticipate that this
examination will have a material effect on our unrecognized tax benefits or our financial
condition.
Adoption of SFAS 157
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, or SFAS 157. SFAS 157 defines
fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in
an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS 157 applies
whenever other standards require assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value and does not
expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. SFAS 157 establishes a hierarchy that
prioritizes the information used in developing fair value estimates and requires disclosure of fair
value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy. The hierarchy gives the highest
priority to quoted prices in active markets (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to
unobservable data (Level 3 measurements), such as the reporting entitys own data. In February
2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157,
which deferred the effective date of SFAS 157 for all nonrecurring fair value measurements of
non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities until fiscal years beginning after November 15,
2008, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The provisions of SFAS 157 are
applicable to recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements of financial assets and
liabilities for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, including interim periods within
those fiscal years. We adopted the provisions of SFAS 157 during the three months ended March 31,
2008, and at that time determined no transition adjustment was required.
Basis of Fair Value Measurement (Valuation Hierarchy)
SFAS 157 establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value
measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of
an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:
|
Level 1 |
|
Unadjusted quoted prices for identical and unrestricted assets or liabilities in active markets |
|
|
Level 2 |
|
Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are
observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the
full term of the financial instrument |
|
|
Level 3 |
|
Unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement |
7
A financial instruments categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the
lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for our significant financial
instruments measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Although some of the
valuation methodologies use observable market inputs in limited instances, the majority of inputs
we use are unobservable and are therefore classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
|
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Measurement |
|
Valuation Methodologies |
Notes receivable
|
|
We assess the collectibility of notes
receivable on a periodic basis, which
assessment consists primarily of an
evaluation of cash flow projections
of the borrower to determine whether
estimated cash flows are sufficient
to repay principal and interest in
accordance with the contractual terms
of the note. We recognize
impairments on notes receivable when
it is probable that principal and
interest will not be received in
accordance with the contractual terms
of the loan. The amount of the
impairment to be recognized generally
is based on the fair value of the
real estate, the collateral for the
loan, which represents the primary
source of loan repayment. The fair
value of the collateral, such as real
estate or interests in real estate
partnerships, is estimated through
income and market valuation
approaches using information such as
broker estimates, purchase prices for
recent transactions on comparable
assets and net operating income
capitalization analyses using
observable and unobservable inputs
such as capitalization rates, asset
quality grading, geographic location
analysis, and local supply and demand
observations. |
|
|
|
Total rate of return swaps
|
|
Our total rate of return swaps have
contractually-defined termination
values generally equal to the
difference between the fair value and
the counterpartys purchased value of
the underlying borrowings. Upon
termination, we are required to pay
the counterparty the difference if
the fair value is less than the
purchased value, and the counterparty
is required to pay us the difference
if the fair value is greater than the
purchased value. The underlying
borrowings are generally callable, at
our option, at face value prior to
maturity and with no prepayment
penalty. Due to our control of the
call features in the underlying
borrowings, we believe the inherent
value of any differential between the
fixed and variable cash payments due
under the swaps would be
significantly discounted by a market
participant willing to purchase or
assume any rights and obligations
under these contracts. |
|
|
|
|
|
The swaps are generally
cross-collateralized with other swap
contracts with the same counterparty
and do not allow transfer or
assignment, thus there is no
alternate or secondary market for
these instruments. Accordingly, our
assumptions of the fair value that a
willing market participant would
assign in valuing these instruments
are based on a hypothetical market in
which the highest and best use of
these contracts is in-use in
combination with the related
borrowings, similar to how we utilize
the contracts. Based on these
assumptions, we believe the
termination value, or exit value, of
the swaps approximates the fair value
that would be assigned by a willing
market participant. We calculate
the termination value using a market
approach by reference to estimates of
the fair value of the underlying
borrowings, which are discussed
below, and an evaluation of potential
changes in the credit quality of the
counterparties to these arrangements.
We compare our estimates of fair
value of the swaps and related
borrowings to valuations provided by
the counterparties on a quarterly
basis. |
8
|
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Measurement |
|
Valuation Methodologies |
Total rate of return swaps
(continued)
|
|
Our method for calculating fair value
of the swaps generally results in
changes in fair value equal to the
changes in fair value of the related
borrowings. We believe these
instruments are highly effective in
offsetting the changes in fair value
of the borrowings during the hedging
period. |
|
|
|
Changes
in fair value of borrowings subject to total rate
of return swaps
|
|
We recognize changes in the fair
value of certain borrowings subject
to total rate of return swaps, which
we have designated as fair value
hedges in accordance with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No.
133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities,
or SFAS 133. |
|
|
|
|
|
We estimate the fair value of debt
instruments using an income and
market approach, including comparison
of the contractual terms to
observable and unobservable inputs
such as market interest rate risk
spreads, collateral quality and
loan-to-value ratios on similarly
encumbered assets within our
portfolio. These borrowings are
collateralized and non-recourse to
us; therefore, we believe changes in
our credit rating will not materially
affect a market participants
estimate of the borrowings fair
value. |
The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of
net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, although we believe our
valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of
different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments
could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.
Amounts reported at fair value in our consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2008, all of
which are based on significant unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the fair value
hierarchy, are summarized below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets (Liabilities) |
|
Total rate of return swaps |
|
$ |
(22,960 |
) |
Cumulative reduction of carrying
amount of debt instruments subject
to total rate of return swaps |
|
$ |
22,960 |
|
Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The table below presents the balance sheet amounts at December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008
(and the changes in fair value between such dates) for fair value measurements classified within
Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy (in thousands). When a determination is made to classify a fair
value measurement within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy, the determination is based upon the
significance of the unobservable factors to the overall fair value measurement. However, Level 3
fair value measurements typically include, in addition to the unobservable or Level 3 components,
observable components that can be validated to observable external sources; accordingly, the
changes in fair value in the table below are due in part to observable factors that are part of the
valuation methodology.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Realized gains |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value at |
|
|
Gains (Losses) |
|
|
(losses) |
|
|
Fair value at |
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
included in |
|
|
included in |
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
earnings (1) |
|
|
earnings (2) |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total rate of return swaps |
|
$ |
(9,420 |
) |
|
$ |
(13,540 |
)(3) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(22,960 |
) |
Changes in fair value of
debt instruments subject
to total rate of return
swaps |
|
|
9,420 |
|
|
|
13,540 |
(3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,960 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Unrealized gains (losses) relate to periodic revaluations of fair value and have not
resulted from the settlement of a swap position. |
|
(2) |
|
For total rate of return swaps, realized gains (losses) occur upon the settlement,
resulting from the repayment of the underlying borrowings or the early termination of the
swap, and include any net amounts paid or received upon such settlement. |
|
(3) |
|
Included in interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statement of income. |
9
Adoption of SFAS 159
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The
Fair Value Option for Financial Asset and Financial Liabilities, or SFAS 159. SFAS 159 permits
entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that
are not currently required to be measured at fair value. The objective is to improve financial
reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings
caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex
hedge accounting provisions. SFAS 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements
designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes
for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning
after November 15, 2007. We implemented SFAS 159 on January 1, 2008, and at that time did not
elect the fair value option for any of our financial instruments or other items within the scope of
SFAS 159.
Note 3 Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions
Real Estate Acquisitions
During the three months ended March 31, 2007, we acquired five conventional properties with
470 units for an aggregate purchase price of $77.1 million, including transaction costs. Of the
five properties acquired, two are located in New York City, New York; two in Daytona Beach,
Florida; and one in Park Forest, Illinois. The purchases were funded primarily with cash. During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, we did not acquire any real estate properties.
Real Estate Dispositions (Discontinued Operations)
We are currently marketing for sale certain real estate properties that are inconsistent with
our long-term investment strategy. We expect that all properties classified as held for sale will
sell within one year from the date classified as held for sale. At March 31, 2008, we had eight
properties, with an aggregate of 2,650 units, classified as held for sale. Amounts classified as
held for sale in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Real estate, net |
|
$ |
97,135 |
|
|
$ |
119,457 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
1,626 |
|
|
|
2,072 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets held for sale |
|
$ |
98,761 |
|
|
$ |
121,529 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property debt |
|
$ |
71,716 |
|
|
$ |
85,547 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
828 |
|
|
|
946 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities related to assets held for sale |
|
$ |
72,544 |
|
|
$ |
86,493 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we sold four properties with an aggregate of 631
units and during the year ended December 31, 2007, we sold 73 properties with an aggregate of
11,588 units. For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, discontinued operations includes
the results of operations for the periods prior to the date of sale for all of the above properties
sold or classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2008.
10
The following is a summary of the components of income from discontinued operations for the
three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Rental and other property revenues |
|
$ |
6,970 |
|
|
$ |
27,172 |
|
Property operating expenses |
|
|
(3,405 |
) |
|
|
(13,864 |
) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(1,925 |
) |
|
|
(6,978 |
) |
Other expenses, net |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(1,013 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
|
1,635 |
|
|
|
5,317 |
|
Interest income |
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
307 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(1,188 |
) |
|
|
(6,225 |
) |
Gain on extinguishment of debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,852 |
|
Minority interest in consolidated real estate partnerships |
|
|
(110 |
) |
|
|
(2,043 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before gain on dispositions, impairments, deficit
distributions, income taxes and minority interest in Aimco Operating
Partnership |
|
|
455 |
|
|
|
20,208 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of minority partners interest |
|
|
1,359 |
|
|
|
15,595 |
|
Real estate impairment losses, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(843 |
) |
Deficit distributions to minority partners |
|
|
(56 |
) |
|
|
(232 |
) |
Income tax arising from disposals |
|
|
86 |
|
|
|
(164 |
) |
Minority interest in Aimco Operating Partnership |
|
|
(177 |
) |
|
|
(3,311 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from discontinued operations, net |
|
$ |
1,667 |
|
|
$ |
31,253 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on disposition of real estate is reported net of incremental direct costs incurred in
connection with the transaction, including any prepayment penalties incurred upon repayment of
mortgage loans collateralized by the property being sold. Such prepayment penalties totaled $1.3
million and $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We
classify interest expense related to property level debt within discontinued operations when the
related real estate asset is sold or classified as held for sale.
Note 4 Other Significant Transactions
Common Stock Repurchases
Our Board of Directors has, from time to time, authorized us to repurchase shares of our
outstanding capital stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, we repurchased
5,067,543 and 1,853,732 shares of Common Stock for cash totaling $170.6 million and $101.3 million,
respectively. We also paid cash totaling $28.7 million and $10.3 million in January 2008 and 2007,
respectively, to settle repurchases of Common Stock in December 2007 and 2006. As of March 31,
2008, we were authorized to repurchase approximately 28.2 million additional shares.
Transactions Involving VMS National Properties Joint Venture
In January 2007, VMS National Properties Joint Venture, or VMS, a consolidated real estate
partnership in which we held a 22% equity interest, refinanced mortgage loans secured by its 15
apartment properties. The existing loans had an aggregate carrying amount of $110.0 million and an
aggregate face amount of $152.2 million. The $42.2 million difference between the face amount and
carrying amount resulted from a 1997 bankruptcy settlement in which the lender agreed to reduce the
principal amount of the loans subject to VMSs compliance with the terms of the restructured loans.
Because the reduction in the loan amount was contingent on future compliance, recognition of the
inherent debt extinguishment gain was deferred. Upon refinancing of the loans in January 2007, the
existing lender accepted the reduced principal amount in full satisfaction of the loans, and VMS
recognized the $42.2 million debt extinguishment gain in earnings.
During 2007, VMS sold eight properties to third parties and we acquired its seven remaining
properties. Approximately $22.8 million of the $42.2 million debt extinguishment gain relates to
the mortgage loans that were secured by the eight properties sold to third parties and is reported
in discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2007. The remaining $19.4 million
portion of the debt extinguishment gain relates to the mortgage loans that were secured by the
seven VMS properties we purchased and is reported in our continuing operations as gain on
dispositions of unconsolidated real estate and other. Six of the eight properties sold to third
parties were sold in March 2007, at an aggregate gain of $15.5 million.
11
Although 78% of the equity interests in VMS were held by unrelated minority
partners, no minority interest share of the gains on debt extinguishment and sale of the properties
was recognized in our earnings. As required by GAAP, we had in prior years recognized the minority
partners share of VMS losses in excess of the minority partners capital contributions. The
amounts of those previously recognized losses exceeded the minority partners share of the gains on
debt extinguishment and sale of the properties; accordingly, the minority interest in such gains
recognized in our earnings was limited to the minority interest in the Aimco Operating Partnership.
For the three months ended March 31, 2007, the aggregate effect of the gains on extinguishment of
VMS debt and sale of VMS properties was to decrease loss from continuing operations by $17.6
million ($0.18 per diluted share) and increase net income by $52.3 million ($0.52 per diluted
share).
Note 5 Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
In connection with our redevelopment and capital improvement activities, we have commitments
of approximately $127.6 million related to construction projects, most of which we expect to incur
within one year. Additionally, we enter into certain commitments for future purchases of goods and
services in connection with the operations of our properties. Those commitments generally have
terms of one year or less and reflect expenditure levels comparable to our historical expenditures.
We have committed to fund an additional $6.2 million in second mortgage loans on certain
properties in West Harlem, in New York City. In certain circumstances, we also could be required
to acquire the properties for cash and/or assumption of first mortgage debt totaling approximately
$149.0 million to $216.0 million, in addition to amounts funded and committed under the related
loan agreement.
Tax Credit Arrangements
We are required to manage certain consolidated real estate partnerships in compliance with
various laws, regulations and contractual provisions that apply to our historic and low-income
housing tax credit syndication arrangements. In some instances, noncompliance with applicable
requirements could result in projected tax benefits not being realized and require a refund or
reduction of investor capital contributions, which are reported as deferred income in our
consolidated balance sheet, until such time as our obligation to deliver tax benefits is relieved.
The remaining compliance periods for our tax credit syndication arrangements range from less than
one year to 15 years. At March 31, 2008, we do not anticipate that any material refunds or
reductions of investor capital contributions will be required in connection with these
arrangements.
Legal Matters
In addition to the matters described below, we are a party to various legal actions and
administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, some of which are covered by
our general liability insurance program, and none of which we expect to have a material adverse
effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Limited Partnerships
In connection with our acquisitions of interests in real estate partnerships, we are sometimes
subject to legal actions, including allegations that such activities may involve breaches of
fiduciary duties to the partners of such real estate partnerships or violations of the relevant
partnership agreements. We may incur costs in connection with the defense or settlement of such
litigation. We believe that we comply with our fiduciary obligations and relevant partnership
agreements. Although the outcome of any litigation is uncertain, we do not expect any such legal
actions to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows.
Environmental
Various Federal, state and local laws subject property owners or operators to liability for
management, and the costs of removal or remediation, of certain hazardous substances present on a
property. Such laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of,
or was responsible for, the release or presence of the hazardous substances. The presence of, or
the failure to manage or remedy properly, hazardous substances may adversely affect occupancy at
affected apartment communities and the ability to sell or finance affected properties. In addition
to the costs associated with investigation and remediation actions brought by government agencies,
and potential fines or penalties imposed by such agencies in connection therewith, the presence of
hazardous substances on a property could result in claims by private plaintiffs for personal
injury, disease, disability or other infirmities. Various laws also impose liability for the cost
of removal, remediation or disposal of hazardous substances through a licensed disposal or
treatment facility. Anyone who
arranges for the disposal or treatment of hazardous substances is potentially liable under
such laws. These laws often impose liability whether or not the person arranging for the disposal
ever owned or operated the disposal facility. In connection with the ownership, operation and
management of properties, we could potentially be liable for environmental liabilities or costs
associated with our properties or properties we acquire or manage in the future.
12
We have determined that our legal obligations to remove or remediate hazardous substances may
be conditional asset retirement obligations, as defined in FASB Interpretation No. 47, Conditional
Asset Retirement Obligations. Except in limited circumstances where the asset retirement
activities are expected to be performed in connection with a planned construction project or
property casualty, we believe that the fair value of our asset retirement obligations cannot be
reasonably estimated due to significant uncertainties in the timing and manner of settlement of
those obligations. Asset retirement obligations that are reasonably estimable as of March 31,
2008, are immaterial to our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Mold
We have been named as a defendant in lawsuits that have alleged personal injury and property
damage as a result of the presence of mold. In addition, we are aware of lawsuits against owners
and managers of multifamily properties asserting claims of personal injury and property damage
caused by the presence of mold, some of which have resulted in substantial monetary judgments or
settlements. We have only limited insurance coverage for property damage loss claims arising from
the presence of mold and for personal injury claims related to mold exposure. We have implemented
policies, procedures, third-party audits and training, and include a detailed moisture intrusion
and mold assessment during acquisition due diligence. We believe these measures will prevent or
eliminate mold exposure from our properties and will minimize the effects that mold may have on our
residents. To date, we have not incurred any material costs or liabilities relating to claims of
mold exposure or to abate mold conditions. Because the law regarding mold is unsettled and subject
to change, we can make no assurance that liabilities resulting from the presence of or exposure to
mold will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows.
Note 6 Business Segments
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information, or SFAS 131, requires that segment disclosures present the
measure(s) used by the chief operating decision maker for purposes of assessing such segments
performance. Our chief operating decision maker is comprised of several members of our executive
management team who use several generally accepted industry financial measures to assess the
performance of the business, including net asset value, free cash flow, net operating income, funds
from operations, and adjusted funds from operations. The chief operating decision maker emphasizes
net operating income as a key measurement of segment profit or loss. Net operating income is
generally defined as segment revenues less direct segment operating expenses.
We have two reportable segments: real estate and investment management.
Real Estate Segment
Our real estate segment owns and operates properties that generate rental and other
property-related income through the leasing of apartment units to a diverse base of residents. Our
real estate segments net operating income also includes income from property management services
performed for unconsolidated partnerships and unrelated parties.
Investment Management Segment
Our investment management segment includes portfolio strategy, capital allocation, joint
ventures, tax credit syndication, acquisitions, dispositions and other transaction activities.
Within our owned portfolio, we refer to these activities as Portfolio Management, and their
benefit is seen in property operating results and in investment gains. For affiliated
partnerships, we refer to these activities as Asset Management, for which we are separately
compensated through fees paid by third party investors. The expenses of this segment consist
primarily of the costs of departments that perform these activities. These activities are
conducted in part by our taxable subsidiaries, and the related net operating income may be subject
to income taxes. Our investment management segments operating results also include gains on
dispositions of non-depreciable assets, accretion of loan discounts resulting from transactional
activities and certain other income in arriving at income (loss) from continuing operations for the
segment.
13
The following tables present the revenues, net operating income (loss) and income (loss) from
continuing operations of our real estate and investment management segments for the three months
ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment |
|
|
Corporate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate |
|
|
Management |
|
|
(Not Allocated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment |
|
|
Segment |
|
|
to Segments) |
|
|
Total |
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rental and other property revenues |
|
$ |
417,646 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
417,646 |
|
Property management revenues, primarily
from affiliates |
|
|
2,104 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,104 |
|
Asset management and tax credit revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,852 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,852 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
419,750 |
|
|
|
12,852 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
432,602 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property operating expenses |
|
|
204,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
204,485 |
|
Property management expenses |
|
|
1,271 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,271 |
|
Investment management expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,289 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,289 |
|
Depreciation and amortization (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
126,524 |
|
|
|
126,524 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,424 |
|
|
|
21,424 |
|
Other expenses, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,061 |
|
|
|
5,061 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
205,756 |
|
|
|
4,289 |
|
|
|
153,009 |
|
|
|
363,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating income (loss) |
|
|
213,994 |
|
|
|
8,563 |
|
|
|
(153,009 |
) |
|
|
69,548 |
|
Other items included in continuing
operations (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,999 |
|
|
|
(98,760 |
) |
|
|
(95,761 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from continuing operations |
|
$ |
213,994 |
|
|
$ |
11,562 |
|
|
$ |
(251,769 |
) |
|
$ |
(26,213 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment |
|
|
Corporate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate |
|
|
Management |
|
|
(Not Allocated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment |
|
|
Segment |
|
|
to Segments) |
|
|
Total |
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rental and other property revenues |
|
$ |
394,348 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
394,348 |
|
Property management revenues,
primarily from affiliates |
|
|
2,096 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,096 |
|
Asset management and tax credit
revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11,630 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11,630 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
396,444 |
|
|
|
11,630 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
408,074 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property operating expenses |
|
|
184,978 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
184,978 |
|
Property management expenses |
|
|
1,483 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,483 |
|
Investment management expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,466 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,466 |
|
Depreciation and amortization (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
118,525 |
|
|
|
118,525 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,077 |
|
|
|
22,077 |
|
Other expenses, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,970 |
|
|
|
2,970 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
186,461 |
|
|
|
4,466 |
|
|
|
143,572 |
|
|
|
334,499 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating income (loss) |
|
|
209,983 |
|
|
|
7,164 |
|
|
|
(143,572 |
) |
|
|
73,575 |
|
Other items included in
continuing operations (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,288 |
|
|
|
(81,908 |
) |
|
|
(79,620 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from continuing
operations |
|
$ |
209,983 |
|
|
$ |
9,452 |
|
|
$ |
(225,480 |
) |
|
$ |
(6,045 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Our chief operating decision maker assesses the performance of real estate using, among other
measures, net operating income, excluding depreciation and amortization. Accordingly, we do
not allocate depreciation and amortization to the real estate segment. |
|
(2) |
|
Other items in continuing operations for the real estate segment include: (i) interest income
and expense; (ii) recoveries of, or provisions for, losses on notes receivable and impairment
of real estate, net; (iii) deficit distributions to minority partners; (iv) equity in losses
of unconsolidated real estate partnerships; (v) gains on dispositions of unconsolidated real
estate and other; and (vi) minority interests. Other items in continuing operations for the
investment management segment include accretion income recognized on discounted notes
receivable and other income items associated with transactional activities. |
14
Note 7 Earnings per Share
We calculate earnings per share based on the weighted average number of shares of Common
Stock, common stock equivalents and dilutive convertible securities outstanding during the period.
The following table illustrates the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the
three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands, except per share data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations |
|
$ |
(26,213 |
) |
|
$ |
(6,045 |
) |
Less net income attributable to preferred stockholders |
|
|
(14,208 |
) |
|
|
(16,348 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share
Loss from continuing operations (net of income
attributable to preferred stockholders) |
|
$ |
(40,421 |
) |
|
$ |
(22,393 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from discontinued operations |
|
$ |
1,667 |
|
|
$ |
31,253 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
(24,546 |
) |
|
$ |
25,208 |
|
Less net income attributable to preferred stockholders |
|
|
(14,208 |
) |
|
|
(16,348 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(38,754 |
) |
|
$ |
8,860 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for basic earnings per share weighted
average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding |
|
|
90,973 |
|
|
|
100,494 |
|
Effect of dilutive securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dilutive potential common shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for diluted earnings per share |
|
|
90,973 |
|
|
|
100,494 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings (loss) per common share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per common share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations (net of income
attributable to preferred stockholders) |
|
$ |
(0.44 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.22 |
) |
Income from discontinued operations |
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(0.43 |
) |
|
$ |
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations (net of income
attributable to preferred stockholders) |
|
$ |
(0.44 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.22 |
) |
Income from discontinued operations |
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(0.43 |
) |
|
$ |
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares of Common Stock outstanding, dilutive potential common shares and
earnings (loss) per common share for each of the periods presented have been retroactively adjusted
for the effect of the special dividend discussed in Note 1.
Prior to its redemption on September 30, 2007, our Class W Preferred Stock that was
convertible into Common Stock was anti-dilutive on an if converted basis. Therefore, we deducted
all of the dividends payable on the convertible preferred stock to arrive at the numerator and no
additional shares were included in the denominator when calculating basic and diluted earnings per
common share for the three months ended March 31, 2007. During the three months ended March 31,
2008 and 2007, securities that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in future periods
included stock options, restricted stock awards and non-recourse shares. As of March 31, 2008 and
2007, the common share equivalents for such potentially dilutive securities totaled 9.0 million and
8.9 million, respectively. These securities have been excluded from the earnings per share
computations for the periods presented above because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.
We consider the Aimco Operating Partnerships High Performance Units for which the applicable
measurement period has not ended to be potential Common Stock equivalents. As of March 31, 2008,
the related performance benchmarks for the Class IX High Performance Units had not been achieved if
the related measurement period had ended on that date. As of March 31, 2007, if the applicable
measurement period had ended on that date, the performance benchmarks for the Class
VIII and Class IX High Performance Units would have been achieved, which would have resulted
in the issuance of the equivalent of approximately 0.8 million common OP Units. However, these
potential Common Stock equivalents have been excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per
share for the three months ended March 31, 2007, because their effect was anti-dilutive.
15
Note 8 Recent Accounting Developments
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141(R),
Business Combinations a replacement of FASB Statement No. 141, or SFAS 141(R). SFAS 141(R)
applies to all transactions or events in which an entity obtains control of one or more businesses,
including those effected without the transfer of consideration, for example, by contract or through
a lapse of minority veto rights. SFAS 141(R) requires the acquiring entity in a business
combination to recognize the full fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the
transaction (whether a full or partial acquisition); establishes the acquisition-date fair value as
the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed; requires expensing of
most transaction and restructuring costs; and requires the acquirer to disclose to investors and
other users all of the information needed to evaluate and understand the nature and financial
effect of the business combination. SFAS 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008, and early adoption is not permitted. We have not yet determined the effect that
SFAS 141(R) will have on our financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160,
Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements an amendment of ARB No. 51, or
SFAS 160. SFAS 160 clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership
interest in a consolidated entity which should be reported as equity in the parents consolidated
financial statements. SFAS 160 requires a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of
equity attributable to noncontrolling interests and disclosure, on the face of the consolidated
income statements, of those amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the noncontrolling
interests, eliminating the past practice of reporting these amounts as an adjustment in arriving at
consolidated net income. SFAS 160 requires a parent to recognize a gain or loss in net income when
a subsidiary is deconsolidated and requires the parent to attribute to noncontrolling interests
their share of losses even if such attribution results in a deficit noncontrolling interests
balance within the parents equity accounts. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2008 and requires retroactive application of the presentation and disclosure
requirements for all periods presented. Early adoption is not permitted. We have not yet
determined the effect that SFAS 160 will have on our financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161,
Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 133, or SFAS 161. SFAS 161 expands the disclosure requirements of SFAS 133 to require
qualitative disclosures about the objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative
disclosures about the fair value of gains and losses on derivative instruments and disclosures on
credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative contracts. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2008, with early adoption encouraged. At initial adoption, SFAS
161 also encourages, but does not require, comparative disclosures for earlier periods. We have not
yet determined the effect that SFAS 161 will have on our financial statements.
Note 9 Subsequent Events
Between April 1, 2008 and April 30, 2008, we repurchased 1,644,303 shares of Common Stock for
cash totaling $63.2 million, or an average price of $38.46 per share (including commissions).
16
ITEM 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward Looking Statements
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for
forward-looking statements in certain circumstances. Certain information included in this Report
contains or may contain information that is forward-looking, including, without limitation,
statements regarding the effect of acquisitions and redevelopments, our future financial
performance, including our ability to maintain current or meet projected occupancy, rent levels and
same store results, and the effect of government regulations. Actual results may differ materially
from those described in the forward-looking statements and, in addition, will be affected by a
variety of risks and factors that are beyond our control including, without limitation: natural
disasters and severe weather such as hurricanes; national and local economic conditions; the
general level of interest rates; energy costs; the terms of governmental regulations that affect us
and interpretations of those regulations; the competitive environment in which we operate;
financing risks, including the risk that our cash flows from operations may be insufficient to meet
required payments of principal and interest; real estate risks, including fluctuations in real
estate values and the general economic climate in local markets and competition for residents in
such markets; insurance risks; acquisition and development risks, including failure of such
acquisitions to perform in accordance with projections; the timing of acquisitions and
dispositions; litigation, including costs associated with prosecuting or defending claims and any
adverse outcomes; and possible environmental liabilities, including costs, fines or penalties that
may be incurred due to necessary remediation of contamination of properties presently owned or
previously owned by us. In addition, our current and continuing qualification as a real estate
investment trust involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the
Internal Revenue Code and depends on our ability to meet the various requirements imposed by the
Internal Revenue Code, through actual operating results, distribution levels and diversity of stock
ownership. Readers should carefully review our financial statements and the notes thereto, as well
as the section entitled Risk Factors described in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2007, and the other documents we file from time to time with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. As used herein and except as the context otherwise requires,
we, our, us and the Company refer to Aimco, AIMCO Properties, L.P. (which we refer to as
the Aimco Operating Partnership) and Aimcos consolidated corporate subsidiaries and consolidated
real estate partnerships, collectively.
Executive Overview
We are a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT, engaged in
the acquisition, ownership, management and redevelopment of apartment properties. Our property
operations are characterized by diversification of product, location and price point. As of March
31, 2008, we owned or managed 1,163 apartment properties containing 202,337 apartment units located
in 46 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Our primary sources of income and cash are
rents associated with apartment leases.
The key financial indicators that we use in managing our business and in evaluating our
financial condition and operating performance are: Net Asset Value, which is the estimated fair
value of our assets, net of debt, or NAV; Funds From Operations, or FFO; FFO less spending for
Capital Replacements, or AFFO; same store property operating results; net operating income; net
operating income less spending for Capital Replacements, or Free Cash Flow; financial coverage
ratios; and leverage as shown on our balance sheet. FFO and Capital Replacements are defined and
further described in the sections captioned Funds From Operations and Capital Expenditures
below. The key macro-economic factors and non-financial indicators that affect our financial
condition and operating performance are: rates of job growth;
single-family and multifamily housing starts; and
interest rates.
Because our operating results depend primarily on income from our properties, the supply and
demand for apartments influences our operating results. Additionally, the level of expenses
required to operate and maintain our properties, the pace and price at which we redevelop, acquire
and dispose of our apartment properties, and the volume and timing of fee transactions affect our
operating results. Our cost of capital is affected by the conditions in the capital and credit
markets and the terms that we negotiate for our equity and debt financings.
For 2008, our focus includes the following: enhance operations to improve and sustain
resident satisfaction; obtain rate and occupancy increases to improve profitability; upgrade the
quality of our portfolio through portfolio management, capital replacement, capital improvement and
redevelopment; increase efficiency through improved business processes and automation; improve
balance sheet flexibility; expand the use of tax credit equity to generate fees and finance
redevelopment of affordable properties; and minimize our cost of capital.
17
The following discussion and analysis of the results of our operations and financial condition
should be read in conjunction with the accompanying financial statements in Item 1.
Results of Operations
Overview
Three months ended March 31, 2008 compared to three months ended March 31, 2007
We reported net loss of $24.5 million and net loss attributable to common stockholders of
$38.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to net income of $25.2 million
and net income attributable to common stockholders of $8.9 million for the three months ended March
31, 2007, which were decreases of $49.8 million and $47.6 million, respectively. These decreases
were principally due to the following items, all of which are discussed in further detail below:
|
|
|
the recognition in 2007 of deferred debt extinguishment gains in connection with the
refinancing of certain mortgage loans that had been restructured in a 1997 bankruptcy
settlement; |
|
|
|
a decrease in income from discontinued operations, primarily related to lower net gains
on sales of real estate; and |
|
|
|
an increase in interest expense, reflecting higher loan principal balances resulting
from refinancings and acquisitions, offset by a reduction in interest rates. |
The effects of these items on our operating results were partially offset by favorable changes
in the effect of minority interests in our consolidated real estate partnerships.
The following paragraphs discuss these and other items affecting the results of our operations
in more detail.
Business Segment Operating Results
We have two reportable segments: real estate (owning, operating and redeveloping apartments)
and investment management (portfolio strategy, capital allocation, joint ventures, tax credit
syndication, acquisitions, dispositions and other transaction activities). Our chief operating
decision maker is comprised of several members of our executive management team who use several
generally accepted industry financial measures to assess the performance of the business, including
NAV, Free Cash Flow, net operating income, FFO, and AFFO. The chief operating decision maker
emphasizes net operating income as a key measurement of segment profit or loss. Segment net
operating income is generally defined as segment revenues less direct segment operating expenses.
Real Estate Segment
Our real estate segment involves the ownership and operation of properties that generate
rental and other property-related income through the leasing of apartment units. Our real estate
segments net operating income also includes income from property management services performed for
unconsolidated partnerships and unrelated parties.
18
The following table summarizes our real estate segments net operating income for the three
months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Real estate segment revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rental and other property revenues |
|
$ |
417,646 |
|
|
$ |
394,348 |
|
Property management revenues, primarily from
affiliates |
|
|
2,104 |
|
|
|
2,096 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
419,750 |
|
|
|
396,444 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real estate segment expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property operating expenses |
|
|
204,485 |
|
|
|
184,978 |
|
Property management expenses |
|
|
1,271 |
|
|
|
1,483 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
205,756 |
|
|
|
186,461 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real estate segment net operating income |
|
$ |
213,994 |
|
|
$ |
209,983 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Conventional Same Store Property Operating Results
Same store operating results is a key indicator we use to assess the performance of our
property operations and to understand the period over period operations of a consistent portfolio
of properties. We define consolidated same store properties as our conventional properties (i)
that we manage, (ii) in which our ownership interest exceeds 10%, (iii) the operations of which
have been stabilized, and (iv) that have not been sold or classified as held for sale, in each
case, throughout all periods presented. The following table summarizes the operations of our
consolidated conventional rental property operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Change |
|
Consolidated same store revenues |
|
$ |
288,503 |
|
|
$ |
278,108 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
% |
Consolidated same store expenses |
|
|
120,937 |
|
|
|
116,514 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Same store net operating income |
|
|
167,566 |
|
|
|
161,594 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
% |
Reconciling items (1) |
|
|
46,428 |
|
|
|
48,389 |
|
|
|
-4.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real estate segment net operating income |
|
$ |
213,994 |
|
|
$ |
209,983 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Same store operating statistics: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Properties |
|
|
348 |
|
|
|
348 |
|
|
|
|
|
Apartment units |
|
|
103,721 |
|
|
|
103,721 |
|
|
|
|
|
Average physical occupancy |
|
|
94.8 |
% |
|
|
94.4 |
% |
|
|
0.4 |
% |
Average rent/unit/month |
|
$ |
894 |
|
|
$ |
872 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
% |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Reflects property revenues and property operating expenses related to
consolidated properties other than same store properties (e.g., affordable,
acquisition, redevelopment and newly consolidated properties) and casualty gains
and losses. |
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
consolidated same store net operating income increased by $6.0 million, or 3.7%. Revenues
increased by $10.4 million, or 3.7%, primarily due to higher average rent (up $22 per unit).
Property operating expenses increased by $4.4 million, or 3.8%, primarily due to increases in
personnel, marketing, administrative, tax and insurance expenses.
Investment Management Segment
Our investment management segment includes portfolio strategy, capital allocation, joint
ventures, tax credit syndication, acquisitions, dispositions and other transaction activities.
Within our owned portfolio, we refer to these activities as Portfolio Management, and their
benefit is seen in property operating results and in investment gains. For affiliated
partnerships, we refer to these activities as Asset Management, for which we are separately
compensated through fees paid by third party investors. The expenses of this segment consist
primarily of the costs of departments that perform these activities. These activities are
conducted in part by our taxable subsidiaries, and the related net operating income may be subject
to income taxes.
19
Transactions occur on varying timetables; thus, the income varies from period to period. We
have affiliated real estate partnerships for which we have identified a pipeline of transactional
opportunities. As a result, we view asset management fees as a predictable part of our core
business strategy. Asset management revenue includes certain fees that were earned in a prior
period, but not recognized at that time because collectibility was not reasonably assured. Those
fees may be recognized in a subsequent period upon occurrence of a transaction or a high level of
the probability of occurrence of a transaction within twelve months, or improvement in operations
that generates sufficient cash to pay the fees.
The following table summarizes the net operating income from our investment management segment
for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Asset management and tax credit revenues |
|
$ |
12,852 |
|
|
$ |
11,630 |
|
Investment management expenses |
|
|
4,289 |
|
|
|
4,466 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment segment net operating income (1) |
|
$ |
8,563 |
|
|
$ |
7,164 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Excludes certain items of income and expense, which are
included in other expenses, net, interest expense, interest income and
gain (loss) on dispositions of unconsolidated real estate and other in
our consolidated statements of income. |
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
net operating income from investment management increased by
$1.4 million, or 19.5%. This increase
is primarily attributable to a $4.0 million increase in promote income, partially offset by a $1.9
million decrease in asset management fees and a $1.1 million decrease in other general partner
transactional fees.
Other Operating Expenses (Income)
Depreciation and Amortization
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
depreciation and amortization increased $8.0 million, or 6.7%. This increase reflects depreciation
of $14.4 million for newly acquired properties, completed redevelopments, and other capital
projects recently placed in service. This increase was partially offset by a decrease of $8.0
million in depreciation adjustments necessary to reduce the carrying amount of buildings and
improvements to their estimated disposition value or zero in the case of a planned demolition (see
Use of Estimates in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 1).
General and Administrative Expenses
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
general and administrative expenses decreased $0.7 million, or 3.0%. This decrease is primarily
attributable to reductions in legal, audit, tax and other costs, offset by increases in employee
compensation and related costs.
Other Expenses, Net
Other expenses, net includes income tax provision/benefit, franchise taxes, risk management
activities, partnership administration expenses and certain non-recurring items.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
other expenses, net changed unfavorably by $2.1 million. The net
unfavorable change includes a $1.2 million write-off of redevelopment costs associated with a change in the planned use of a property during
2008. The net unfavorable change additionally reflects a reduction in expenses of self insurance activities,
primarily due to a $3.8 million settlement of certain litigation matters during 2007, partially
offset by a decrease in our income tax benefit resulting in part from the improved results of our self
insurance activities during 2008.
20
Interest Income
Interest income consists primarily of interest on notes receivable from non-affiliates and
unconsolidated real estate partnerships, interest on cash and restricted cash accounts, and
accretion of discounts on certain notes receivable from unconsolidated real estate partnerships.
Transactions that result in accretion occur infrequently and thus accretion income may vary from
period to period.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
interest income decreased $1.6 million, or 15.5%. This decrease was due to lower interest rates on
notes receivable and cash and restricted cash balances, in addition to lower average cash and
restricted cash balances in 2008.
Interest Expense
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
interest expense, which includes the amortization of deferred financing costs, increased $5.9
million, or 5.8%. Interest on property loans payable increased $7.4 million due to higher balances
resulting from refinancing activities and mortgage loans on newly acquired properties, offset
slightly by lower average variable interest rates. This net increase was partially offset by a
$0.6 million decrease in corporate interest expense due to lower average interest rates and a $0.9
million increase in capitalized interest.
Deficit Distributions to Minority Partners
When real estate partnerships that are consolidated in our financial statements disburse cash
to partners in excess of the carrying amount of the minority interest, we record a charge equal to
the excess amount, even though there is no economic effect or cost.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31,
2007, deficit distributions to minority partners increased $3.1 million. This increase reflects
higher levels of distributions to minority interests in 2008, including distributions in connection
with debt refinancing transactions
Gain (Loss) on Dispositions of Unconsolidated Real Estate and Other
Gain (loss) on dispositions of unconsolidated real estate and other includes our share of
gains related to dispositions of real estate by unconsolidated real estate partnerships, gains on
dispositions of land and other non-depreciable assets and costs related to asset disposal
activities. For the three months ended March 31, 2007, gain on dispositions of unconsolidated real
estate and other also includes a gain on extinguishment of debt. Changes in the level of gains
recognized from period to period reflect the changing level of disposition activity from period to
period. Additionally, gains on properties sold are determined on an individual property basis or
in the aggregate for a group of properties that are sold in a single transaction, and are not
comparable period to period.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
gain (loss) on dispositions of unconsolidated real estate and other decreased $20.5 million. This
decrease is primarily attributable to a $19.4 million gain on debt extinguishment related to seven
properties in the VMS partnership during the three months ended March 31, 2007 (see Note 4 to the
consolidated financial statements in Item 1).
Minority Interest in Consolidated Real Estate Partnerships
Minority interest in consolidated real estate partnerships reflects minority partners share
of operating results of consolidated real estate partnerships. This generally includes the
minority partners share of property management fees, interest on notes and other amounts
eliminated in consolidation that we charge to such partnerships. However, we generally do not
recognize a benefit for the minority interest share of partnership losses for partnerships that
have deficits in partners equity.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007,
minority interest in consolidated real estate partnerships changed favorably by $10.7 million. A
$5.4 million favorable change relates to the minority interest share of losses for real estate
partnerships consolidated during the fourth quarter of 2007, and the remainder relates to increases
in the minority partners share of losses of our existing consolidated real estate partnerships.
21
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net
The results of operations for properties sold during the period or designated as held for sale
at the end of the period are generally required to be classified as discontinued operations for all
periods presented. The components of net earnings that are classified as discontinued operations
include all property-related revenues and operating expenses, depreciation expense recognized prior
to the classification as held for sale, property-specific interest expense and debt extinguishment
gains and losses to the extent there is secured debt on the property, and any related minority
interest. In addition, any impairment losses on assets held for sale and the net gain on the
eventual disposal of properties held for sale are reported in discontinued operations.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, income from discontinued operations, net
totaled $1.7 million and $31.3 million, respectively. The decrease of $29.6 million was
principally due to a $14.2 million decrease in gain on dispositions of real estate, net of minority
partners interest, a $22.9 million gain on debt extinguishment related to mortgage loans secured
by the eight VMS properties sold to third parties during 2007 (see Note 4 to the consolidated
financial statements in Item 1) and a $3.7 million decrease in operating income. These decreases
were partially offset by a $5.0 million decrease in interest expense, a $1.9 million decrease in
minority interest in consolidated real estate partnerships and a $3.1 million decrease in minority
interest in Aimco Operating Partnership.
During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we sold four consolidated properties, resulting
in a net gain on sale of approximately $1.4 million (which includes $0.1 million of related income
tax benefit). During the three months ended March 31, 2007, we sold twelve properties, resulting in
a net gain on sale of approximately $15.4 million (net of $0.2 million of related income taxes).
Additionally, in 2007, we recognized $0.8 million in impairment losses on assets sold or held for
sale and $0.2 million of deficit distributions to minority partners. For the three months ended
March 31, 2008 and 2007, income from discontinued operations included the operating results of the
properties sold or classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2008.
Changes in the level of gains recognized from period to period reflect the changing level of
our disposition activity from period to period. Additionally, gains on properties sold are
determined on an individual property basis or in the aggregate for a group of properties that are
sold in a single transaction, and are not comparable period to period. See Note 3 to the
consolidated financial statements in Item 1 for more information on discontinued operations.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, which requires us to
make estimates and assumptions. We believe that the following critical accounting policies involve
our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial
statements.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Real estate and other long-lived assets to be held and used are stated at cost, less
accumulated depreciation and amortization, unless the carrying amount of the asset is not
recoverable. If events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a property may not be
recoverable, we make an assessment of its recoverability by comparing the carrying amount to our
estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows, excluding interest charges, of the property. If
the carrying amount exceeds the estimated aggregate undiscounted future cash flows, we recognize an
impairment loss to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value of the property.
From time to time, we have non-revenue producing properties that we hold for future
redevelopment. We assess the recoverability of the carrying amount of these redevelopment
properties by comparing our estimate of undiscounted future cash flows based on the expected
service potential of the redevelopment property upon completion to the carrying amount. In certain
instances, we use a probability-weighted approach to determine our estimate of undiscounted future
cash flows when alternative courses of action are under consideration.
At March 31, 2008, we evaluated our Lincoln Place property in Venice, California and
determined that the carrying amount of $193.5 million was recoverable based on our
probability-weighted assessment of undiscounted cash flows. Plans to develop Lincoln Place have
been the subject of controversy and litigation, which reduces its market value and may result in a
future impairment.
22
Real estate investments are subject to varying degrees of risk. Several factors may adversely
affect the economic performance and value of our real estate investments. These factors include:
|
|
|
the general economic climate; |
|
|
|
competition from other apartment communities and other housing options; |
|
|
|
local conditions, such as loss of jobs or an increase in the supply of apartments, that
might adversely affect apartment occupancy or rental rates; |
|
|
|
changes in governmental regulations and the related cost of compliance; |
|
|
|
increases in operating costs (including real estate taxes) due to inflation and other
factors, which may not be offset by increased rents; |
|
|
|
changes in tax laws and housing laws, including the enactment of rent control laws or
other laws regulating multifamily housing; |
|
|
|
changes in market capitalization rates; and |
|
|
|
the relative illiquidity of such investments. |
Any adverse changes in these and other factors could cause an impairment in our long-lived
assets, including real estate and investments in unconsolidated real estate partnerships. Based on
periodic tests of recoverability of long-lived assets, we determined that the carrying amount for
our properties to be held and used was recoverable and, therefore, we did not record any impairment
losses related to such properties during the three months ended March 31, 2008 or 2007.
Notes Receivable and Interest Income Recognition
Notes receivable from unconsolidated real estate partnerships consist primarily of notes
receivable from partnerships in which we are the general partner. Notes receivable from
non-affiliates consist of notes receivable from unrelated third parties. The ultimate repayment of
these notes is subject to a number of variables, including the performance and value of the
underlying real estate and the claims of unaffiliated mortgage lenders. Our notes receivable
include loans extended by us that we carry at the face amount plus accrued interest, which we refer
to as par value notes, and loans extended by predecessors, some of whose positions we generally
acquired at a discount, which we refer to as discounted notes.
We record interest income on par value notes as earned in accordance with the terms of the
related loan agreements. We discontinue the accrual of interest on such notes when the notes are
impaired, as discussed below, or when there is otherwise significant uncertainty as to the
collection of interest. We record income on such nonaccrual loans using the cost recovery method,
under which we apply cash receipts first to the recorded amount of the loan; thereafter, any
additional receipts are recognized as income.
We recognize interest income on discounted notes receivable based upon whether the amount and
timing of collections are both probable and reasonably estimable. We consider collections to be
probable and reasonably estimable when the borrower has entered into certain closed or pending
transactions (which include real estate sales, refinancings, foreclosures and rights offerings)
that provide a reliable source of repayment. In such instances, we recognize accretion income, on
a prospective basis using the effective interest method over the estimated remaining term of the
loans, equal to the difference between the carrying amount of the discounted notes and the
estimated collectible value. We record income on all other discounted notes using the cost
recovery method. Accretion income recognized in any given period is based on our ability to
complete transactions to monetize the notes receivable and the difference between the carrying
amount and the estimated collectible amount of the notes; therefore, accretion income varies on a
period-by-period basis and could be lower or higher than in prior periods.
Allowance for Losses on Notes Receivable
We assess the collectibility of notes receivable on a periodic basis, which assessment
consists primarily of an evaluation of cash flow projections of the borrower to determine whether
estimated cash flows are sufficient to repay principal and interest in accordance with the
contractual terms of the note. We recognize impairments on notes receivable when it is probable
that principal and interest will not be received in accordance with the contractual terms of the
loan. The amount of the impairment to be recognized generally is based on the fair value of the
partnerships real estate that represents the primary source of loan repayment. In certain
instances where other sources of cash flow are available to repay the loan, the impairment is
measured by discounting the estimated cash flows at the loans original effective interest rate.
We recorded net provisions for losses on notes receivable of $1.2 million and $1.5 million for
the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We will continue to evaluate the
collectibility of these notes, and we will adjust related allowances in the future due to changes
in market conditions and other factors.
23
Capitalized Costs
We capitalize costs, including certain indirect costs, incurred in connection with our capital
expenditure activities, including redevelopment and construction projects, other tangible property
improvements, and replacements of existing property components. Included in these capitalized
costs are payroll costs associated with time spent by site employees in connection with the
planning, execution and control of all capital expenditure activities at the property level. We
characterize as indirect costs an allocation of certain department costs, including payroll, at
the regional operating center and corporate levels that clearly relate to capital expenditure
activities. We capitalize interest, property taxes and insurance during periods in which
redevelopment and construction projects are in progress. Costs incurred in connection with capital
expenditure activities are capitalized where the costs of the improvements or replacements exceed
$250. We charge to expense as incurred costs that do not relate to capital expenditure activities,
including ordinary repairs, maintenance, resident turnover costs and general and administrative
expenses.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, for continuing and discontinued
operations, we capitalized $7.5 million and $6.5 million of interest costs, respectively, and $19.8
million and $19.9 million of site payroll and indirect costs, respectively.
Funds From Operations
FFO is a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe, when considered with the financial
statements determined in accordance with GAAP, is helpful to investors in understanding our
performance because it captures features particular to real estate performance by recognizing that
real estate generally appreciates over time or maintains residual value to a much greater extent
than do other depreciable assets such as machinery, computers or other personal property. The
Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, defines
FFO as net income (loss), computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains from sales of
depreciable property, plus depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated
partnerships and joint ventures. Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures
are calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis. We compute FFO for all periods presented in
accordance with the guidance set forth by NAREITs April 1, 2002 White Paper, which we refer to as
the White Paper. We calculate FFO (diluted) by subtracting redemption related preferred stock
issuance costs and dividends on preferred stock and adding back dividends/distributions on dilutive
preferred securities. FFO should not be considered an alternative to net income or net cash flows
from operating activities, as determined in accordance with GAAP, as an indication of our
performance or as a measure of liquidity. FFO is not necessarily indicative of cash available to
fund future cash needs. In addition, although FFO is a measure used for comparability in assessing
the performance of real estate investment trusts, there can be no assurance that our basis for
computing FFO is comparable with that of other real estate investment trusts.
24
For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, our FFO is calculated as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders (1) |
|
$ |
(38,754 |
) |
|
$ |
8,860 |
|
Adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization (2) |
|
|
126,524 |
|
|
|
118,525 |
|
Depreciation and amortization related to non-real estate assets |
|
|
(3,949 |
) |
|
|
(6,595 |
) |
Depreciation of rental property related to minority partners and
unconsolidated entities (3) (4) |
|
|
(11,040 |
) |
|
|
(13,045 |
) |
Loss (gain) on dispositions of unconsolidated real estate and other |
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
(20,462 |
) |
Gain on dispositions of non-depreciable assets and debt extinguishment gain |
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,373 |
|
Deficit distributions to minority partners (5) |
|
|
4,148 |
|
|
|
1,097 |
|
Discontinued operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of minority partners interest (3) |
|
|
(1,359 |
) |
|
|
(15,595 |
) |
Depreciation of rental property, net of minority partners interest (3) (4) |
|
|
1,605 |
|
|
|
(11,706 |
) |
Deficit distributions to minority partners (5) |
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
232 |
|
Income tax arising from disposals |
|
|
(86 |
) |
|
|
164 |
|
Minority interest in Aimco Operating Partnerships share of above adjustments |
|
|
(11,114 |
) |
|
|
(6,732 |
) |
Preferred stock dividends |
|
|
14,208 |
|
|
|
16,348 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funds From Operations |
|
$ |
80,283 |
|
|
$ |
90,464 |
|
Preferred stock dividends |
|
|
(14,208 |
) |
|
|
(16,348 |
) |
Dividends/distributions on dilutive preferred securities |
|
|
1,333 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funds From Operations attributable to common stockholders diluted |
|
$ |
67,408 |
|
|
$ |
74,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of common shares, common share equivalents and dilutive
preferred securities outstanding (7): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common shares and equivalents (6) |
|
|
91,267 |
|
|
|
104,671 |
|
Dilutive preferred securities |
|
|
1,901 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
93,168 |
|
|
|
104,671 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes:
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Represents the numerator for earnings per common share, calculated in accordance with
GAAP (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 1). |
|
(2) |
|
Includes amortization of management contracts where we are the general partner. Such
management contracts were established in certain instances where we acquired a general
partner interest in either a consolidated or an unconsolidated partnership. Because the
recoverability of these management contracts depends primarily on the operations of the
real estate owned by the limited partnerships, we believe it is consistent with the White
Paper to add back such amortization, as the White Paper directs the add-back of
amortization of assets uniquely significant to the real estate industry. |
|
(3) |
|
Minority partners interest means minority interest in our consolidated real estate
partnerships. |
|
(4) |
|
Adjustments related to minority partners share of depreciation of rental property for
the three months ended March 31, 2007, include the subtraction of $15.1 million and $17.8
million for continuing operations and discontinued operations, respectively, related to the
VMS debt extinguishment gains (see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements in Item
1). These subtractions are required because we added back the minority partners share of
depreciation related to rental property in determining FFO in prior periods. Accordingly,
the net effect of the VMS debt extinguishment gains on our FFO for the three months ended
March 31, 2007, was an increase of $9.3 million ($8.4 million after Minority Interest in
Aimco Operating Partnership). |
|
(5) |
|
In accordance with GAAP, deficit distributions to minority partners are charges
recognized in our income statement when cash is distributed to a non-controlling partner in
a consolidated real estate partnership in excess of the positive balance in such partners
capital account, which is classified as minority interest on our balance sheet. We record
these charges for GAAP purposes even though there is no economic effect or cost. Deficit
distributions to minority partners occur when the fair value of the underlying real estate
exceeds its depreciated net book value because the underlying real estate has appreciated
or maintained its value. As a result, the recognition of expense for deficit distributions
to minority partners represents, in substance, either (a) our recognition of depreciation
previously allocated to the non-controlling partner or (b) a payment related to the
non-controlling partners share of real estate appreciation. Based on White Paper guidance
that requires real estate depreciation and gains to be excluded from FFO, we add back
deficit distributions and subtract related recoveries in our reconciliation of net income
to FFO. |
|
(6) |
|
Represents the denominator for earnings per common share diluted, calculated in
accordance with GAAP, plus additional common share equivalents that are dilutive for FFO. |
|
(7) |
|
Weighted average common shares, common share equivalents and dilutive preferred
securities amounts for the periods presented have been retroactively adjusted for the
effect of 4,573,735 shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to the special dividend
discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 1. |
25
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is the ability to meet present and future financial obligations either through the
sale or maturity of existing assets or by the acquisition of additional funds through working
capital management. Both the coordination of asset and liability maturities and effective working
capital management are important to the maintenance of liquidity. Our primary source of liquidity
is cash flow from our operations. Additional sources are proceeds from property sales and proceeds
from refinancings of existing mortgage loans and borrowings under new mortgage loans.
Our principal uses for liquidity include normal operating activities, payments of principal
and interest on outstanding debt, capital expenditures, dividends paid to stockholders and
distributions paid to partners, repurchases of shares of our Common Stock, and acquisitions of, and
investments in, properties. We use our cash and cash equivalents and our cash provided by
operating activities to meet short-term liquidity needs. In the event that our cash and cash
equivalents and cash provided by operating activities is not sufficient to cover our short-term
liquidity demands, we have additional means, such as short-term borrowing availability and proceeds
from property sales and refinancings, to help us meet our short-term liquidity demands. We use our
revolving credit facility for general corporate purposes and to fund investments on an interim
basis. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements, such as debt maturities and property
acquisitions, through long-term borrowings, both secured and unsecured, the issuance of debt or
equity securities (including OP Units), the sale of properties and cash generated from operations.
At March 31, 2008, we had $163.1 million in cash and cash equivalents, a decrease of $47.4
million from December 31, 2007. At March 31, 2008, we had $302.0 million of restricted cash
primarily consisting of reserves and escrows held by lenders for bond sinking funds, capital
expenditures, property taxes and insurance. In addition, cash, cash equivalents and restricted
cash are held by partnerships that are not presented on a consolidated basis. The following
discussion relates to changes in cash due to operating, investing and financing activities, which
are presented in our consolidated statements of cash flows in Item 1.
Operating Activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, our net cash provided by operating activities of
$54.3 million was primarily from operating income from our consolidated properties, which is
affected primarily by rental rates, occupancy levels and operating expenses related to our
portfolio of properties. Cash provided by operating activities decreased $26.5 million compared
with the three months ended March 31, 2007. The decrease in operating cash flow is largely the
result of changes in operating assets and liabilities during 2008, relative to 2007.
Investing Activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, net cash used in our investing activities of $113.5
million consisted primarily of capital expenditures, partially offset by proceeds from disposition
of real estate.
Although we hold all of our properties for investment, we sell properties when they do not
meet our investment criteria or are located in areas that we believe do not justify our continued
investment when compared to alternative uses for our capital. During the three months ended March
31, 2008, we sold four consolidated properties. These properties were sold for an aggregate sales
price of $36.0 million and generated proceeds totaling $33.4 million, after the payment of
transaction costs and debt prepayment penalties. Sales proceeds were used to repay property level
debt, repay borrowings under our revolving credit facility, repurchase shares of our common stock
and for other corporate purposes.
We are currently marketing for sale certain properties that are inconsistent with our
long-term investment strategy. Additionally, from time to time, we may market certain properties
that are consistent with our long-term investment strategy but offer attractive returns. We plan
to use our share of the net proceeds from such dispositions to reduce debt, fund capital
expenditures on existing assets, fund property and partnership acquisitions, repurchase shares of
our Common Stock, and for other operating needs and corporate purposes.
26
Capital Expenditures
We classify all capital spending as Capital Replacements (which we refer to as CR), Capital
Improvements (which we refer to as CI), casualties, redevelopment or entitlement. Expenditures
other than casualty, redevelopment and entitlement capital expenditures are apportioned between CR
and CI based on the useful life of the capital item under consideration and the period we have
owned the property.
CR represents the share of capital expenditures that are deemed to replace the portion of
acquired capital assets that was consumed during the period we have owned the asset. CI represents
the share of expenditures that are made to enhance the value, profitability or useful life of an
asset as compared to its original purchase condition. CR and CI exclude capital expenditures for
casualties, redevelopment and entitlements. Casualty expenditures represent capitalized costs
incurred in connection with casualty losses and are associated with the restoration of the asset.
A portion of the restoration costs may be reimbursed by insurance carriers subject to deductibles
associated with each loss. Redevelopment expenditures represent expenditures that substantially
upgrade the property. Entitlement expenditures represent costs incurred in connection with
obtaining local governmental approvals to increase density and add residential units to a site.
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, we spent a total of $21.4 million, $26.1 million, $3.3
million, $82.0 million and $6.2 million, respectively, on CR, CI, casualties, redevelopment and
entitlement.
The table below details our share of actual spending, on both consolidated and unconsolidated
real estate partnerships, for CR, CI, casualties, redevelopment and entitlements for the three
months ended March 31, 2008, on a per unit and total dollar basis. Per unit numbers for CR and CI
are based on approximately 129,642 average units in the quarter including 112,857 conventional and
16,785 affordable units. Average units are weighted for the portion of the period that we owned an
interest in the property, represent ownership-adjusted effective units, and exclude non-managed
units. Total capital expenditures are reconciled to our consolidated statement of cash flows for
the same period (in thousands, except per unit amounts).
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aimcos |
|
|
Per |
|
|
|
Share of |
|
|
Effective |
|
|
|
Expenditures |
|
|
Unit |
|
Capital Replacements Detail: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Building and grounds |
|
$ |
6,334 |
|
|
$ |
49 |
|
Turnover related |
|
|
11,129 |
|
|
|
86 |
|
Capitalized site payroll and indirect costs |
|
|
3,895 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our share of Capital Replacements |
|
$ |
21,358 |
|
|
$ |
165 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Replacements: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conventional |
|
$ |
20,183 |
|
|
$ |
179 |
|
Affordable |
|
|
1,175 |
|
|
$ |
70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our share of Capital Replacements |
|
|
21,358 |
|
|
$ |
165 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Improvements: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conventional |
|
|
24,455 |
|
|
$ |
217 |
|
Affordable |
|
|
1,617 |
|
|
$ |
96 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our share of Capital Improvements |
|
|
26,072 |
|
|
$ |
201 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Casualties: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conventional |
|
|
2,681 |
|
|
|
|
|
Affordable |
|
|
619 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our share of casualties |
|
|
3,300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redevelopment: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conventional projects |
|
|
64,244 |
|
|
|
|
|
Tax credit projects |
|
|
17,735 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our share of redevelopment |
|
|
81,979 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Entitlement |
|
|
6,198 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our share of capital expenditures |
|
|
138,907 |
|
|
|
|
|
Plus minority partners share of consolidated spending |
|
|
12,106 |
|
|
|
|
|
Less our share of unconsolidated spending |
|
|
(190 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capital expenditures per consolidated statement of cash flows |
|
$ |
150,823 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Included in the above spending for CI, casualties, redevelopment and entitlement, was
approximately $16.8 million of our share of capitalized site payroll and indirect costs related to
these activities for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
We funded all of the above capital expenditures with cash provided by operating activities,
working capital, property sales and borrowings under our Credit Facility, as discussed below.
Financing Activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2008, net cash provided by financing activities of $11.9
million was primarily attributable to proceeds from property loans, tax-exempt bond financing and
net borrowings under our revolving credit facility. These cash inflows were largely offset by debt
principal payments, repurchases of Common Stock, payments of dividends on Common Stock and
preferred stock, and distributions to minority interests.
Mortgage Debt
At March 31, 2008, we had $7.1 billion in consolidated mortgage debt outstanding as compared
to $7.0 billion outstanding at December 31, 2007. During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we
refinanced or closed mortgage loans on 21 consolidated properties, generating $236.7 million of
proceeds from borrowings with a weighted average interest rate of 5.20%. Our share of the net
proceeds after repayment of existing debt, payment of transaction costs and distributions to
limited partners, was $125.9 million. We used these total net proceeds for capital expenditures
and other corporate purposes. We intend to continue to refinance mortgage debt to generate
proceeds in amounts exceeding our scheduled amortizations and maturities, generally not to increase
loan-to-value, but as a means to monetize asset appreciation.
28
Fair Value Measurements
From time to time, we enter into total rate of return swaps on various fixed rate secured
tax-exempt bonds payable and fixed rate notes payable to convert these borrowings from a fixed rate
to a variable rate and provide an efficient financing product to lower our cost of borrowing. The
counterparty to these swap arrangements purchases the debt in the open market and contemporaneously
enters into the total rate of return swap with us on the purchased debt. In exchange for our
receipt of a fixed rate generally equal to the underlying borrowings interest rate, the total rate
of return swaps require that we pay a variable rate, equivalent to the Securities Industry and
Financial Markets Association Municipal Swap Index, or SIFMA, rate (previously the Bond Market
Association index) for bonds payable and a LIBOR rate for notes payable, plus a risk spread. These
swaps generally have a second or third lien on the properties collateralized by the related
borrowings, and the obligations under certain of these swaps are cross-collateralized with certain
of the other swaps with a particular counterparty. The underlying borrowings are generally
callable at our option, with no prepayment penalty, with 30 days advance notice. The swaps
generally have a term of less than five years, which may be extended at no additional cost to us.
The total rate of return swaps have a contractually defined termination value generally equal to
the difference between the fair value and the counterpartys purchased value of the underlying
borrowings, which may require payment by us to the counterparty if the fair value is less than the
purchased value, or to us from the counterparty if the fair value is greater than the purchased
value.
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, or SFAS 133, we designate total rate of return swaps
as hedges of the risk of overall changes in the fair value of the underlying borrowings. At each
reporting period, we estimate the fair value of these borrowings and the total rate of return swaps
and recognize any changes therein as an adjustment of interest expense.
Effective in the first quarter of 2008, we estimate fair values for these instruments in
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, or
SFAS 157. As the swap instruments are nontransferable, there is no alternate or secondary market
for these instruments. Accordingly, our assumptions about the fair value that a willing market
participant would assign in valuing these instruments are based on a hypothetical market in which
the highest and best use of these contracts is in-use in combination with the related borrowings,
similar to how we use the contracts. Based on these assumptions, we believe the termination value,
or exit value, of the swaps approximates the fair value that would be assigned by a willing market
participant. We calculate the termination value using a market approach by reference to estimates
of the fair value of the related underlying borrowings, and an evaluation of potential changes in
the credit quality of the counterparties to these arrangements. While these fair value
measurements include observable components that can be validated to observable external sources,
the primary inputs we use in estimating fair value are unobservable inputs. We classify the inputs
to these fair value measurements within Level 3 of the SFAS 157 valuation hierarchy based upon the
significance of these unobservable factors to the overall fair value measurements. We compare our
estimates of fair value of the swaps and related borrowings to valuations provided by the
counterparties on a quarterly basis.
Our method used to calculate the fair value of the total rate of return swaps generally
results in changes in fair value that are equal to the changes in fair value of the related
borrowings, which is consistent with our hedging strategy. We believe that these financial
instruments are highly effective in offsetting the changes in fair value of the related borrowings
during the hedging period, and accordingly changes in the fair value of these instruments have no
material impact on our liquidity, results of operations or capital resources.
During the three months ended March 31, 2008, changes in the fair values of these financial
instruments resulted in a $13.5 million reduction in the carrying amount of the hedged borrowings
and an equal increase in accrued liabilities and other for total rate of return swaps. At March
31, 2008, the cumulative recognized changes in the fair value of these financial instruments
resulted in a $23.0 million reduction in the carrying amount of the hedged borrowings offset by an
equal increase in accrued liabilities and other for total rate of return swaps. The current and
cumulative decreases in the fair values of the hedged borrowings and related swaps reflect the
recent uncertainty in the credit markets which has decreased demand and increased pricing for
similar debt instruments.
During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we received net cash receipts of $4.2 million
under the total return swaps, which positively impacted our liquidity. To the extent interest
rates increase above the fixed rates on the underlying borrowings, our obligations under the total
return swaps will negatively impact our liquidity.
See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 1 for more information on our
total rate of return swaps and related borrowings.
29
Credit Facility
We have an Amended and Restated Senior Secured Credit Agreement with a syndicate of financial
institutions, which we refer to as the Credit Agreement.
The aggregate amount of commitments and loans under the Credit Agreement is $1.125 billion,
comprised of $475.0 million in term loans and $650.0 million of revolving loan commitments. The
$75.0 million term loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.375%, or a base rate at our option, and
matures September 2008. We may extend this term loan for one year, subject to the satisfaction of
certain conditions, including the payment of a 12.5 basis point fee on the amount of the term loan
then outstanding. The $400.0 million term loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.5% and matures March
2011. Our revolving loan facility matures May 2009, and may be extended for an additional year,
subject to a 20.0 basis point fee on the total commitments. Borrowings under the revolver bear
interest based on a pricing grid determined by leverage (currently at LIBOR plus 1.375%). We are
permitted to increase the aggregate commitments under the credit agreement (which may be revolving
or term loan commitments) by an amount not to exceed $175.0 million, subject to receipt of
commitments from lenders and other customary conditions.
At March 31, 2008, the term loans had an outstanding principal balance of $475.0 million and a
weighted average interest rate of 4.21%. At March 31, 2008, the revolving loans had an outstanding
principal balance of $218.8 million and a weighted average interest rate of 4.01% (based on various
weighted average LIBOR borrowings outstanding with various maturities). The amount available under
the revolving credit facility at March 31, 2008, was $386.2 million (after giving effect to $45.0
million outstanding for undrawn letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility). The
proceeds of revolving loans are generally permitted to be used to fund working capital and for
other corporate purposes.
Equity Transactions
In December 2007, the Aimco Operating Partnership declared a special cash distribution of
$2.51 per unit payable on January 30, 2008, to holders of record of common OP Units and High
Performance Units on December 31, 2007. The special distribution totaled $257.2 million and was
paid on 102,478,510 common OP Units and High Performance Units, including 92,795,891 common OP
Units held by us. The Aimco Operating Partnership distributed to us
common OP Units equal to the number of shares we issued pursuant to
our corresponding special dividend (discussed below), in addition to
$55.0 million in cash. Holders of common OP Units other than us and
holders of High Performance Units received the distribution entirely
in cash, which totaled $24.3 million.
Also in December 2007, our Board of Directors declared a corresponding special dividend of
$2.51 per share payable on January 30, 2008, to holders of record of our Common Stock on December
31, 2007. Stockholders had the option to elect to receive payment of the special dividend in cash,
shares or a combination of cash and shares, except that the aggregate amount of cash payable to all
stockholders in the special dividend was limited to $55.0 million plus cash paid in lieu of
fractional shares. The special dividend, totaling $232.9 million, was paid on 92,795,891 shares
issued and outstanding on the record date, which included 416,140 shares held by certain of our
consolidated subsidiaries. Approximately $177.9 million of the special dividend was paid through
the issuance of 4,594,074 shares of Common Stock (including 20,339 shares issued to consolidated
subsidiaries holding our shares), which was determined based on the average closing price of our
Common Stock on January 23-24, 2008, or $38.71 per share.
After elimination of the effect of shares held by consolidated subsidiaries, the special
dividend totaled $231.9 million. Approximately $177.1 million of the special dividend was paid
through the issuance of 4,573,735 shares of Common Stock (excluding 20,339 shares issued to our
consolidated subsidiaries) to holders of 92,379,751 shares of our Common Stock on the record date
(excluding 416,140 shares held by certain of our consolidated subsidiaries), representing an
increase of approximately 4.95% to the then outstanding shares. The effect of the issuance of
additional shares of Common Stock pursuant to the special dividend has been retroactively reflected
in historical periods presented as if those shares were issued and outstanding at the beginning of
the earliest period presented; accordingly, all activity including share issuances, repurchases and
forfeitures have been adjusted to reflect the 4.95% increase in the number of shares, except in
limited instances where noted otherwise.
Under our existing shelf registration statement, as of March 31, 2008, we had available for
issuance approximately $699.1 million of debt and equity securities, and the Aimco Operating
Partnership had available for issuance $500 million of debt securities. In April 2008, we and the
Aimco Operating Partnership filed a new shelf registration statement to replace the existing shelf
(which was due to expire later in the year) that provides for the issuance of debt and equity
securities by Aimco and debt securities by the Aimco Operating Partnership.
30
Our Board of Directors has, from time to time, authorized us to repurchase shares of our
outstanding capital stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we repurchased
5,067,543 shares of Common Stock for cash totaling $170.6 million. On January 29, 2008, our Board
of Directors increased the number of shares authorized for repurchase by 25.0 million shares. As
of March 31, 2008, we were authorized to repurchase approximately 28.2 million additional shares of
our Common Stock under an authorization that has no expiration date. Future repurchases may be
made from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.
Future Capital Needs
We expect to fund any future acquisitions, additional redevelopment projects and capital
improvements principally with proceeds from property sales (including tax-free exchange proceeds),
short-term borrowings, debt and equity financing (including tax credit equity) and operating cash
flows.
ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our primary market risk exposure relates to changes in interest rates. We are not subject to
any foreign currency exchange rate risk or commodity price risk, or any other material market rate
or price risks.
Our capital structure includes the use of fixed-rate and variable-rate indebtedness. As such,
we are exposed to changes in interest rates. We use predominantly long-term, fixed-rate
non-recourse mortgage debt in order to avoid the refunding and repricing risks of short-term
borrowings. We use short-term debt financing and working capital primarily to fund short-term uses
and acquisitions and generally expect to refinance such borrowings with cash from operating
activities, property sales proceeds, long-term debt or equity financings. We make limited use of
derivative financial instruments and we do not use them for trading or other speculative purposes.
From time to time, we are required by mortgage lenders to use interest rate caps or swaps to limit
our exposure to market interest rate risk. Additionally, we utilize total rate-of-return swaps to
effectively convert certain of our fixed rate debt to variable rate debt.
See Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in our Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 for a more detailed discussion of interest rate
sensitivity. As of March 31, 2008, our market risk had not changed materially from the amounts
reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial
officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange
Act)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our chief
executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period,
our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the first quarter of 2008 that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.
31
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings
See the information under the heading Legal Matters in Note 5 to the consolidated financial
statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information regarding legal proceedings, which
information is incorporated by reference in this Item 1.
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors
As of the date of this report, there have been no material changes from the risk factors in
the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(a) Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities. From time to time during the three months ended
March 31, 2008, we issued shares of Common Stock in exchange for common and preferred OP Units
tendered to the Aimco Operating Partnership for redemption in accordance with the terms and
provisions of the agreement of limited partnership of the Aimco Operating Partnership. Such shares
are issued based on an exchange ratio of one share for each common OP Unit or the applicable
conversion ratio for preferred OP Units. During the three months ended March 31, 2008,
approximately 92,000 shares of Common Stock were issued in exchange for OP Units in these
transactions. All of the foregoing issuances were made in private placement transactions exempt
from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(c) Repurchases of Equity Securities. The following table summarizes repurchases of our
equity securities for the three months ended March 31, 2008:
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum Number |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Number of |
|
|
of Shares that |
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|
|
Total |
|
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Average |
|
|
Shares Purchased |
|
|
May Yet Be |
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
Price |
|
|
as Part of Publicly |
|
|
Purchased Under |
|
|
|
of Shares |
|
|
Paid |
|
|
Announced Plans |
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the Plans or |
|
Period |
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Purchased |
|
|
per Share |
|
|
or Programs |
|
|
Programs (1) |
|
January 1
January 31, 2008 |
|
|
4,537,443 |
|
|
$ |
33.33 |
|
|
|
4,537,443 |
|
|
|
28,705,973 |
|
February 1 February 29, 2008 |
|
|
530,100 |
|
|
$ |
36.54 |
|
|
|
530,100 |
|
|
|
28,175,873 |
|
March 1 March 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28,175,873 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Total |
|
|
5,067,543 |
|
|
$ |
33.67 |
|
|
|
5,067,543 |
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(1) |
|
Our Board of Directors has, from time to time, authorized us to repurchase shares of our
outstanding capital stock. On January 29, 2008, our Board of Directors increased the number
of shares authorized for repurchase by 25.0 million shares. As of March 31, 2008, we were
authorized to repurchase approximately 28.2 million additional shares. This authorization
has no expiration date. These repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market
or in privately negotiated transactions. |
Dividend Payments. Our Credit Agreement includes customary covenants, including a restriction
on dividends and other restricted payments, but permits dividends during any 12-month period in an
aggregate amount of up to 95% of our Funds From Operations for such period or such amount as may be
necessary to maintain our REIT status.
32
ITEM 6. Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed with this report:
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EXHIBIT NO. |
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3.1 |
|
|
Charter (Exhibit 3.1 to Aimcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarterly period ended June 30, 2006, is incorporated herein by
reference) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
Bylaws (Exhibit 3.2 to Aimcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 2007, is incorporated herein by this
reference) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.1 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities
Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
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|
|
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31.2 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities
Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
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|
|
|
|
32.1 |
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Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
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|
|
|
32.2 |
|
|
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
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|
|
|
|
99.1 |
|
|
Agreement re: disclosure of long-term debt instruments |
33
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
|
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|
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND
MANAGEMENT COMPANY
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ THOMAS M. HERZOG
|
|
|
|
Thomas M. Herzog |
|
|
|
Executive Vice President
and
Chief Financial Officer
(duly authorized officer and
principal financial officer) |
|
Date: May 2, 2008
34
Exhibit Index
|
|
|
|
|
EXHIBIT NO. |
|
EXHIBIT TITLE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
Charter (Exhibit 3.1 to Aimcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarterly period ended June 30, 2006, is incorporated herein by
reference) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
Bylaws (Exhibit 3.2 to Aimcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 2007 , is incorporated herein by this
reference) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.1 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities
Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities
Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.1 |
|
|
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.2 |
|
|
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.1 |
|
|
Agreement re: disclosure of long-term debt instruments |