UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

 

 

MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC.

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

June 4, 2019

To the Stockholders of Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc.:

The Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. will be held at the Atlantis Casino Resort Spa (“Atlantis”), 3800 South Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89502, on Tuesday, June 4, 2019, at 10:00 a.m. local time, for the following purposes:

In addition, we will consider and transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting.

Only stockholders of record at the close of business on April 8, 2019 are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the annual meeting. The stock transfer books will not be closed. On or about April 25, 2019, we mailed to our stockholders either a printed copy of our proxy statement and our 2018 annual report on Form 10‑K or a notice containing instructions on how to access our proxy statement and annual report and how to vote online. The notice also contains instructions on how you can receive a paper copy of our proxy materials, including the notice of annual meeting, proxy statement and proxy card, should you wish.

Stockholders are cordially invited to attend the annual meeting in person. STOCKHOLDERS DESIRING TO VOTE IN PERSON MUST REGISTER AT THE ANNUAL MEETING WITH THE INSPECTORS OF ELECTION PRIOR TO COMMENCEMENT OF THE ANNUAL MEETING. IF YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO ATTEND THE ANNUAL MEETING IN PERSON, YOU ARE ENCOURAGED TO READ THE PROXY STATEMENT AND THEN CAST YOUR VOTE AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS IN THE NOTICE OF INTERNET AVAILABILITY OR, IF YOU RECEIVED A PRINTED COPY OF THE PROXY MATERIALS, ON THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

We mailed a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials containing instructions on how to access our proxy statement and 2018 annual report on or about April 25, 2019.

MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC.
PROXY STATEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC.
3800 South Virginia Street
Reno, Nevada 89502

PROXY STATEMENT

This proxy statement (the “Proxy Statement”) is prepared for the stockholders of Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “Monarch”) in connection with the annual meeting of stockholders of the Company to be held at the Atlantis Casino Resort Spa, 3800 South Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89502, on Tuesday, June 4, 2019, at 10:00 a.m. local time, and any adjournment thereof, for the purposes indicated in the Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders and more fully outlined herein.

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the

Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 4, 2019

 

This Proxy Statement, form of proxy and our annual report on Form 10-K are available online at www.proxyvote.com.

 

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE MEETING

Question: What is the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials that I received in the mail instead of a full set of proxy materials?

Answer: Under rules adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), we are furnishing proxy materials to our stockholders via the internet, instead of mailing printed copies of those materials to each stockholder. On or about April 25, 2019, we will mail to our stockholders either a printed copy of our proxy materials, including our Proxy Statement and our annual report on Form 10‑K, or a Notice of Internet Availability containing instructions on how to access our proxy materials. This electronic access process is designed to expedite stockholders’ receipt of proxy materials, lower the costs of our annual meeting and help to conserve natural resources. However, if you prefer to receive a printed copy of our proxy materials and a paper proxy card, you may do so by following the instructions included in the Notice of Internet Availability.

Question: Why am I being provided with access to or receiving these proxy materials?

Answer: You are being provided with access to or are receiving these proxy materials because you owned shares of Monarch’s common stock par value $.01 per share (the “Common Stock”) as of the close of business on April 8, 2019, our record date. This Proxy Statement describes in detail matters on which we would like you, our stockholder, to vote. It also gives you information on these matters so that you can make an informed decision. If you will not be able to attend the annual meeting and vote in person, you are encouraged to read this Proxy Statement and then cast your vote as promptly as possible in accordance with the instructions either in the Notice of Internet Availability or, if you received a printed copy of the proxy materials, on the enclosed proxy card. The shares represented by the proxy will be voted if the proxy is properly executed and received by us prior to the commencement of the annual meeting, or any adjournment thereof.

Question: On what matters am I being asked to vote?

Answer:

Question: How does the board of directors recommend I vote on these proposals?

Answer: Our board of directors (“Board of Directors” or “Board”) recommends that you vote your shares FOR each of the nominees for director named in this Proxy Statement, FOR approval of the amendment to our 2014 Plan and FOR the executive compensation paid to our named executive officers.

Question: Do any of the proposals to be voted on create a statutory right of dissent under Nevada law?

Answer: None of the proposals to be voted on at the annual meeting creates a statutory right of dissent under Nevada law.

Question: Who is entitled to vote?

Answer: The record date for the annual meeting is April 8, 2019. Stockholders of record as of the close of business on that date are entitled to vote at the annual meeting. Both “stockholders of record” and “street name holders” are entitled to vote or direct the voting of their Common Stock. You are a “stockholder of record” if you hold Common Stock that is registered in your name at our transfer agent, Broadridge. You are a “street name holder” if you hold Common Stock indirectly through a nominee, such as a broker, bank or similar organization.

Question: If I am a stockholder of record, how do I vote?

Answer: You may vote via the Internet. You can vote by proxy over the Internet by following the instructions provided in the notice or on the separate proxy card if you have received a printed set of the proxy materials.

You may vote by telephone. You can submit your vote by proxy over the telephone by following the instructions provided in the notice or on the separate proxy card if you received a printed set of the proxy materials.

You may vote by mail. If you received a printed set of the proxy materials, you can submit your vote by completing and returning the separate proxy card in the prepaid and addressed envelope.

You may vote in person at the meeting. All stockholders of record may vote in person at the annual meeting. Written ballots will be passed out to anyone who wants to vote at the meeting.

Question: If my shares are held by a broker, bank or other nominee, how do I vote?

Answer: If your shares are held in street name by a broker, bank or other nominee, please refer to the instructions they provide regarding how to vote. In addition, if you are a street name holder and you wish to vote in person at the annual meeting, you must obtain a legal proxy from your broker, bank or other nominee in order to vote at the meeting.

Question: Can I revoke my proxy later?

Answer: Yes. You have the right to revoke your proxy at any time before the annual meeting. If you are a stockholder of record, you may do so by:

For shares you hold in street name, you may change your vote by submitting new voting instructions to your broker, bank or other nominee or, if you have obtained a legal proxy from your broker, bank or other nominee giving you the right to vote your shares at the annual meeting, by attending the meeting and voting in person.

Question: How many shares can vote?

Answer: As of the close of business on the record date of April 8,  2019, 17,976,691 shares of Common  Stock were issued and outstanding. We have no other class of voting securities outstanding. Each share of Common Stock entitles its holder to one vote.

Question: How is a quorum determined?

Answer: Our Bylaws provide that the holders of fifty percent (50%) of the voting power of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting, represented in person or by proxy, constitute a quorum at a meeting of the stockholders. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be counted as present for quorum purposes.

Question: What is required to approve each proposal once a quorum has been established?

Answer:

Election of Directors. An affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present and entitled to vote at the meeting, either in person or by proxy, is required for the election of directors. Stockholders do not have the right to cumulate their votes for directors.

Approval of an amendment to the 2014 Plan. An affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present and entitled to vote at the meeting, either in person or by proxy, is required to amend our 2014 Plan.

 Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation. An affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present and entitled to vote at the meeting, either in person or by proxy, is required for approval of the advisory vote on executive compensation.  Because your vote is advisory, it will not be binding on the Board of Directors or the Company. However, the Board of Directors will review the voting results and take them into consideration when making future decisions regarding executive compensation.

Other Items. For any other item which may properly come before the meeting, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present and entitled to vote at the meeting, either in person or by proxy, will be required for approval, unless otherwise required by law.

Question: What happens if I abstain?

Answer: Abstentions are treated as shares present or represented and voting, so abstaining has the same effect as a negative vote for each of the proposals. Abstentions are counted for purposes of determining whether there is a quorum.

Question: How will my shares be voted if I do not give specific voting instructions?

Answer: If you are a stockholder of record and you:

All of the proposals contained in this Proxy Statement are considered non-routine matters. If your shares are held by a broker on your behalf (that is, in “street name”), and you do not instruct the broker as to how to vote these shares on any of the proposals included in this Proxy Statement, the broker may not exercise discretion to vote for or against those proposals. This would be a “broker non-vote” and these shares will be counted for purposes of determining whether there is a quorum. Broker non-votes will be treated as though they are not entitled to vote and will not affect the outcome of the proposals. Please instruct your bank or broker so your vote can be counted.

Question: How will voting on any other business be conducted?

Answer: Although we do not know of any business to be considered at the annual meeting other than the proposals described in this Proxy Statement, if any other business properly comes before the annual meeting, your proxy or voting instruction gives authority to the proxyholders, John Farahi and Bob Farahi, to vote on those matters in their discretion.

Question: What if a quorum is not present at the meeting?

Answer: If a quorum is not present at the scheduled time of the annual meeting, we may adjourn the meeting, either with or without the vote of the stockholders. If we propose to have the stockholders vote whether to adjourn the meeting, the proxyholders will vote all shares for which they have authority in favor of the adjournment. We may also adjourn the meeting if for any reason we believe that additional time should be allowed for the solicitation of proxies. An adjournment will have no effect on the business that may be conducted at the annual meeting.

Question: How much stock do Monarch’s directors and executive officers own?

Answer: As of April 8, 2019, our current directors and executive officers collectively beneficially owned,  4,253,311 shares of our Common Stock, excluding any shares issuable upon exercise of stock options, constituting 23.66% of the outstanding shares. It is expected that these persons will vote the shares held by them for each of the director nominees named in this Proxy Statement and in accordance with the Board of Directors’ recommendation on the other proposals contained in this Proxy Statement.

Question: Who will bear the costs of this solicitation?

Answer: Our Board of Directors is soliciting these proxies. We will pay the cost of this solicitation of proxies by mail. Our officers and regular employees may also solicit proxies in person or by telephone without additional compensation. We will make arrangements with brokerage houses, custodians, nominees and other fiduciaries to send proxy materials to the beneficial owners, and we will reimburse these persons for related postage and clerical expenses.

2020 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

Proposals for Inclusion in the Proxy Statement. The next annual meeting of stockholders is expected to be held on or about June 2, 2020 (the “2020 Annual Meeting”). The date by which stockholder proposals must be received by us for inclusion in proxy materials relating to the 2020 Annual Meeting is December 27, 2019. Upon receipt of any such proposal, we will determine whether or not to include such proposal in the proxy materials in accordance with SEC regulations governing the solicitation of proxies.

Proposals not Included in the Proxy Statement and Nominations for Director. Stockholder proposals not included in our Proxy Statement and stockholder nominations for director may be brought before an annual meeting of stockholders in accordance with the advance notice procedures described in our Bylaws. Stockholders desiring to present proper proposals, other than the nomination of persons for election to the Board, must submit proposals that meet the eligibility criteria under our Bylaws, including submission of notice to the Company no later than March 19, 2020. Stockholders desiring to present nominations of persons for election to the Board must submit such nominations to the Company. We must receive such nomination no earlier than March 4, 2020 and no later than March 19, 2020.

 

Unless a stockholder proposal for the 2020 Annual Meeting is submitted to the Company prior to March 19, 2020, management may use its discretionary voting authority to vote management proxies on any such stockholder proposal.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT
AND CERTAIN OTHER BENEFICIAL OWNERS

The following table shows the beneficial ownership as of April 8, 2019 of our Common Stock held by each person known to us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding Common Stock,  all named executive officers and directors, and all executive officers and directors as a group. The percentages shown are based on 17,976,691 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of April 8, 2019. Except as set forth below, the address for all listed parties is 3800 South Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89502.

*Less than 1%.

PROPOSAL 1: ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

Our Bylaws provide for a board of directors consisting of five persons; however, the Bylaws may be amended from time to time to permit between three and twelve directors.  The Board currently has five directors, divided into two classes designated as Class A (consisting of three directors) and Class B (consisting of two directors). Members of each class serve for a two-year term. At each annual meeting, the terms of one class of directors expire. The term of office of the current Class A directors will expire at the 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The term of office of the current Class B directors will expire in 2019. Each director holds office until his or her successor has been duly elected and qualified, or the director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Each of the nominees is a current director of the Company.

If the proxy is duly executed and received in time for the annual meeting and if no contrary specification is made as provided therein, the proxy will be voted in favor of electing the nominees Bob Farahi and Yvette E. Landau for terms of office expiring in 2021. If any such nominee shall decline or be unable to serve, the proxy will be voted for such person as shall be designated by the Board to replace any such nominee. The Board presently has no knowledge or reason to believe that any of the nominees will refuse or be unable to serve.

Any vacancies on the Board which occur during the year will be filled, if at all, by the Board through an appointment of an individual to serve only until the next annual meeting of stockholders. If re‑elected at such meeting, such director would serve until the expiration of the term applicable to the vacated position.

The Company, each director and executive officer who has been required by the Nevada State Gaming Control Board and Nevada Gaming Commission (collectively, the “Nevada Gaming Authorities”) to be found suitable has been found suitable by the Nevada Gaming Authorities. Beginning in 2011, the Chairman of the Audit Committee is required to be found suitable by the Nevada Gaming Authorities, and Mr. Sullivan, our current Chairman of the Audit Committee, was found suitable by the Nevada Gaming Authorities on March 22, 2018. Future new members of the Board, if any, may be required to be found suitable in the discretion of the Nevada Gaming Authorities. The Colorado Division of Gaming (the “Colorado Regulatory Authorities”) also requires a finding of suitability for each director by the Colorado Regulatory Authorities. Each of our directors has been found suitable by the Colorado Regulatory Authorities. Should any director later be found not to be suitable by the Nevada Gaming Authorities or the Colorado Gaming Authorities, that person will not be eligible to continue serving on the Board and a majority of the remaining directors may appoint a qualified replacement to serve as a director until the next annual meeting of stockholders.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE ELECTION OF BOB FARAHI AND YVETTE E. LANDAU TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

The following information is furnished with respect to each member of the Board or nominee thereto. Similar information is provided for the Company’s executive officers who are not directors. John Farahi and Bob Farahi are brothers. David Farahi, our Chief Operating Officer, is John Farahi’s son. There are no other family relationships between or among any directors, nominees to the Board, or executive officers of the Company.

The Company, through its direct wholly owned subsidiary, Golden Road Motor Inn, Inc. (“Golden Road”), owns and operates the Atlantis Casino Resort (the “Atlantis”) in Reno, Nevada, and through its indirect wholly owned subsidiary, Monarch Black Hawk, Inc., owns and operates the Monarch Casino Black Hawk (“Black Hawk”) in Black Hawk, Colorado.

 

DIRECTORS AND NOMINEES

 

JOHN FARAHI has been Co‑Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since its inception and of Golden Road, a direct wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, since June 1993. He has served as Secretary of the Company since November 2011. From 1973 until June 1993, Mr. Farahi was President, Director, and General Manager of Golden Road. Mr. Farahi is a partner in Farahi Investment Company (“FIC”) which is engaged in real estate investment and development. Mr. Farahi served on the Washoe County Airport Authority as a Trustee from July 1997 until June 2005. Mr. Farahi is a former member of the Nevada Commission on Tourism and served as a Board Member of the Reno-Sparks Convention and Visitors’ Authority until 2017. Mr. Farahi was appointed in 2013 by President Barack Obama to the United States Holocaust Memorial Council. Mr. Farahi holds a political science degree from the California State University at Hayward. The Board believes Mr. Farahi is qualified to serve as a director due to his specific experience as a casino operator and his knowledge of the casino industry.

BOB FARAHI has been Co‑Chairman of the Board and President of the Company since its inception and of Golden Road, a direct wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, since 1993. From 1973 until June 1993, Mr. Farahi was Vice President and a Director of Golden Road. Mr. Farahi divides his working time between the Company and the other private companies with which he is involved. Mr. Farahi is a partner in FIC. Mr. Farahi holds a biochemistry degree from the University of California at Berkeley. The Board believes Mr. Farahi is qualified to serve as a director due to his specific experience as a casino operator and in real estate development and his knowledge of the casino industry.

PAUL ANDREWS has been a member of the Board since May 2014 and is the President and CEO of the National Western Stock Show and Complex (“NWSS”), which plays host to the National Western Stock Show each January and over 240 other events each year in Denver, Colorado. Prior to joining NWSS in November 2010, Mr. Andrews spent 20 years in various capacities with Denver-based Kroenke Sports Enterprises LLC, owner of the Denver Nuggets, the Colorado Avalanche and the Pepsi Center Arena. Mr. Andrews served in various sales, marketing and administrative capacities while at Kroenke including the position of Executive Vice President in which he was responsible for all business operations. The Board believes Mr. Andrews is qualified to serve as a director due to his significant operations, marketing and sales experience.

YVETTE E. LANDAU has been a member of the Board since June 2010. Ms. Landau was general counsel and corporate secretary of Mandalay Resort Group from 1996 until 2005. Since 2005, Ms. Landau has been co‑owner of W.A. Richardson Builders, LLC, a construction services firm specializing in casino resort development. Until May 2013, Ms. Landau served as a member of the Board of Directors of Greektown Superholdings, LLC, a public company, which owns the Greektown Casino in Detroit, Michigan. Until January 2019, she served as a member of the Board of Directors of Bossier Casino Venture, Inc. which owned the Margaritaville Resort Casino Bossier City in Louisiana. Ms. Landau currently serves as a member of the Board of Directors of Play AGS, Inc. (NYSE: AGS), a designer and supplier of electronic gaming machines, table products and interactive social casino games. Ms. Landau is a past president of the International Association of Gaming Advisors, a worldwide organization of legal, financial and regulatory professionals in the gaming industry, and remains active with the organization as a counselor. Ms. Landau holds a bachelor’s degree from Arizona State University and a Juris Doctor degree from Northwestern University School of Law. The Board believes Ms. Landau is qualified to serve as a director due to her experience in hotel-casino management, her experience as an independent director of other casino companies and her experience in the legal and construction industries.

CRAIG F. SULLIVAN has been a member of the Board since September 1998. He was Chairman of the Board of Park Cattle Company (now Edgewood Companies) from July 2006 to June 2008. Since March 1998, Mr. Sullivan has been President of Sullivan & Associates, a strategic and financial consulting firm to companies in the gaming industry.  Mr. Sullivan was a director of PHL Local Gaming, LLC, which was a bidder for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania’s second casino license. From April 1995 to March 1998, Mr. Sullivan served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Primadonna Resorts, Inc., and from February 1990 to April 1995, Mr. Sullivan served as Treasurer of Aztar Corporation. Mr. Sullivan also served on the Board of New York-New York Hotel & Casino from March 1996 to June 1998. Mr. Sullivan holds a bachelor’s degree in economics from the George Washington University and holds a master’s degree in international management from the American Graduate School of International Management (now Thunderbird School of Global Management). The Board believes Mr. Sullivan is qualified to serve as a director due to his experience as a senior executive in the hotel-casino industry.

PROPOSAL 2: APPROVAL OF AN AMENDMENT TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UNDER THE COMPANY’S 2014 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

General

At the annual meeting, the stockholders will be asked to approve an amendment to the 2014 Plan to increase the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the 2014 Plan by an additional 1,200,000 shares.

As of April 8, 2019, there were 505,820 shares authorized for issuance under the 2014 Plan and available for future grants or awards. The purpose of the amendment is to ensure that the Company will continue to have a sufficient reserve of Common Stock available under the 2014 Plan and will be able to maintain its incentive compensation program. Subject to the approval of stockholders, the Board adopted the amendment to the 2014 Plan on February 8, 2019, to increase the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the 2014 Plan by 1,200,000. 

We strongly believe that the approval of the amendment to the 2014 Plan is essential to our continued success. The Board and management believe that equity awards motivate high levels of performance, align the interests of our employees and stockholders by giving directors, employees and consultants the perspective of an owner with an equity stake in the Company, and provide an effective means of recognizing their contributions to the success of the Company. The Board and management believe that equity awards are necessary to remain competitive in our industry and are essential to recruiting and retaining the highly qualified employees who help us meet our goals. The Board and management believe that the ability to grant equity awards will be important to the future success of the Company.

The Board of Directors UNANIMOUSLY recommends a vote to approve the AMENDMENT TO our 2014 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN.

Summary of the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan

The following is a summary of the material terms of the 2014 Plan, as amended by the proposed amendment. This summary is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the 2014 Plan, as amended by Amendment No.1 from June 14, 2017 and the proposed amendment. The 2014 Plan, amended is attached to this proxy statement as Appendix A. Although to date we have issued only stock option awards, the summary below discuss all type of awards covered by the 2014 Plan.

Share Reserve. If this amendment is approved, the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the 2014 Plan will include (a) shares reserved for issuance under the 2014 Plan of 3,400,000 shares, which consist of 1,000,000 shares approved with the approval of the 2014 Plan, 1,200,000 approved in 2017 with the Amendment NO. 1 to the 2014 Plan and 1,200,000 conditional to the approval of the Amendment NO. 2 to the 2014 Plan in our 2019 meeting of shareholders; plus (b) (i) the number of shares that have been reserved but not issued pursuant to any awards granted under the Predecessor Plans (as defined in the 2014 Plan) and are not subject to any awards granted thereunder as of the date the Predecessor Plans terminate, and (ii) the shares subject to awards granted under the Predecessor Plans that would otherwise have returned to the Predecessor Plans as a result of the forfeiture, termination or expiration of such awards (a total of 142,160 shares as of April 8, 2019).

Per Person Grant Limitations. The maximum number of shares with respect to which options and stock appreciation rights may be granted to a participant during a fiscal year of the Company is two hundred thousand (200,000) shares. In connection with the participant's commencement of service, he or she may be granted stock options and stock appreciation rights for up to an additional one hundred thousand (100,000) shares. The foregoing limitations shall be adjusted proportionately by the Administrator in the event of a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of shares or other similar change in our shares or our capital structure, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive.

Share Counting. Each share issued in connection with an award granted on or after the effective date other than stock options and stock appreciation rights will be counted against the 2014 Plan's share reserve as two (2) shares for every one share issued in connection with such award (and shall be counted as two (2) shares for each one share that is returned or deemed not to have been issued from the 2014 Plan). Any shares covered by an award which is forfeited, canceled or expires shall be deemed not to have been issued for purposes of determining the maximum number of shares which may be issued under the 2014 Plan. Shares that have been issued under the 2014 Plan pursuant to an award shall not be returned to the 2014 Plan and shall not become available for future grant under the 2014 Plan, except where unvested shares are forfeited or repurchased by the Company at the lower of their original purchase price or their fair market value. Shares tendered or withheld in payment of an award exercise or purchase price and shares withheld by the Company to pay any tax withholding obligation shall not be returned to the 2014 Plan and shall not become available for future issuance under the 2014 Plan. In addition, all shares covered by the portion of a stock appreciation right that is exercised shall be considered issued pursuant to the 2014 Plan.

Administration. The 2014 Plan is administered, with respect to grants to officers, employees, directors and consultants, by the 2014 Plan administrator (the "Administrator"), defined as the Board or one or more committees designated by the Board. The Compensation Committee currently acts as the Administrator. With respect to grants to officers and directors, the Compensation Committee shall be constituted in such a manner as to satisfy applicable laws, including, without limitation, Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.

The Administrator has the authority, in its discretion, to select employees, consultants and directors to whom awards may be granted from time to time, to determine whether and to what extent awards are granted, to determine the number of shares or the amount of other consideration to be covered by each award (subject to the limitations set forth below), to approve award agreements for use under the 2014 Plan, to determine the terms and conditions of any award (including the vesting schedule applicable to the award), to amend the terms of any outstanding award granted under the 2014 Plan (subject to the limitations described above), to construe and interpret the terms of the 2014 Plan and awards granted, to resolve and clarify inconsistencies, ambiguities and omissions in the 2014 Plan and among the 2014 Plan and any award agreement, to take all actions regarding questions of coverage, eligibility and entitlement to benefits and benefit amounts, to establish additional terms, conditions, rules or procedures to accommodate the rules or laws of applicable non-U.S. jurisdictions, and to take such other action not inconsistent with the terms of the 2014 Plan, as the Administrator deems appropriate.

Eligibility. Awards other than incentive stock options may be granted to employees, directors and consultants. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees of the Company or a parent or a subsidiary of the Company. An Employee, director or consultant who has been granted an award may, if otherwise eligible, be granted additional awards. Awards may be granted to such employees, directors or consultants who are residing in non-U.S. jurisdictions as the Administrator may determine from time to time. As of the date of this proxy statement, there are approximately eighty employees and consultants of the Company and its affiliates and three non-employee directors of the Company who are eligible to participate in the 2014 Plan.

No Repricings or Exchanges without Shareholder Approval. The Company shall obtain stockholder approval prior to (a) the reduction of the exercise price of any stock option or the base appreciation amount of any stock appreciation right awarded under the 2014 Plan or (b) the cancellation of a stock option or stock appreciation right at a time when its exercise price or base appreciation amount exceeds the fair market value of the underlying shares, in exchange for another stock option, stock appreciation right, restricted stock or other award (unless the cancellation and exchange occurs in connection with a Corporate Transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, cancelling a stock option or stock appreciation right in exchange for another stock option, stock appreciation right, restricted stock or other award with an exercise price, purchase price or base appreciation amount that is equal to or greater than the exercise price or base appreciation amount of the original stock option or stock appreciation right will not be subject to stockholder approval.

Clawback of Benefits. Any award under the 2014 Plan is subject to the Company’s clawback policy which subjects performance-based compensation to cancellation, recovery or repayment in the event that the Company’s financial statements are restated, if an independent committee of the Board determines that such performance-based compensation would have been lower had it been based on the restated financial statements and the recipient of such compensation engaged in fraud or intentional illegal conduct which materially contributed to the need for such restatement. By accepting an award under the 2014 Plan, a grantee agrees (i) to be bound by any existing or future clawback policy (or amendments thereto) adopted by the Company, and (ii) that the Company may unilaterally amend such grantee's award agreements (including any award agreements relating to awards issued under the Predecessor Plans), without the grantee's consent, to the extent that the Administrator in its discretion determines to be necessary or appropriate to comply with any clawback policy of the Company.

Terms and Conditions of Awards. The 2014 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, dividend equivalent rights, and stock appreciation rights (collectively referred to as "awards"). Stock options granted under the 2014 Plan may be either incentive stock options under the provisions of Section 422 of the Code or non-qualified stock options. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees. Awards other than incentive stock options may be granted to our employees, consultants and directors or to employees, consultants and directors of our related entities. To the extent that the aggregate fair market value of the shares subject to stock options designated as incentive stock options which become exercisable for the first time by a participant during any calendar year exceeds $100,000, such excess stock options shall be treated as non-qualified stock options. Under the 2014 Plan, awards may be granted to such employees, consultants or directors who are residing in non-U.S. jurisdictions as the Administrator may determine from time to time. Each award granted under the 2014 Plan shall be designated in an award agreement.

Awards may be granted subject to vesting schedules (time-based and/or performance based) and restrictions on transfer and repurchase or forfeiture rights in favor of the Company as specified in the award agreements to be issued under the 2014 Plan. Any award that vests solely based on the continued service of the grantee (other than awards to independent directors) shall vest over a period no less than three years. Under the 2014 Plan, incentive stock options may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred or disposed of in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution and may be exercised, during the lifetime of the grantee, only by the grantee. Other awards shall be transferable (i) by will and by the laws of descent and distribution and (ii) during the lifetime of the grantee, to the extent and in the manner authorized by the Administrator but only to the extent such transfers are made to family members, to family trusts, to family controlled entities and to charitable organizations, in all cases without payment for such transfers to the grantee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the grantee may designate one or more beneficiaries of the grantee's award in the event of the grantee's death on a beneficiary designation form provided by the Administrator.

The 2014 Plan includes the following performance vesting criteria that may be considered by the Administrator when granting performance-based awards: (i) increase in share price, (ii) earnings per share, (iii) total stockholder return, (iv) operating margin, (v) gross margin, (vi) return on equity, (vii) return on assets, (viii) return on investment, (ix) operating income, (x) net operating income, (xi) pre-tax profit, (xii) cash flow, (xiii) revenue, (xiv) expenses, (xv) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, (xvi) earnings before other income/expense, taxes, depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation and one-time nonrecurring charges, (xvii) economic value added, and (xviii) market share. The performance criteria may be applicable to the Company, any parent or subsidiary of the Company, and/or any individual business units of the Company or any parent or subsidiary of the Company.

The term of any award granted under the 2014 Plan will be stated in the applicable award agreement, provided that the term of an award may not exceed ten (10) years (or five (5) years in the case of an incentive stock option granted to any participant who owns stock representing more than 10% of our combined voting power or any parent or subsidiary of us). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term of an award shall not include any period for which the participant has elected to defer the receipt of the shares issuable pursuant to the award pursuant to a deferral program the Administrator may establish in its discretion.

The 2014 Plan authorizes the Administrator to grant incentive stock options at an exercise price not less than 100% of the fair market value of our Common Stock on the date the stock option is granted (or 110%, in the case of an incentive stock option granted to any employee who owns stock representing more than 10% of our combined voting power or any parent or subsidiary of us). In the case of non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights and awards intended to qualify as performance-based compensation, the exercise price, base appreciation amount or purchase price, if any, shall be not less than 100% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant. In the case of all other awards granted under the 2014 Plan, the exercise or purchase price shall be determined by the Administrator. The exercise or purchase price is generally payable in cash, check, shares or with respect to options, payment through a broker-dealer sale and remittance procedure or a "net exercise" procedure.

Under the 2014 Plan, the Administrator may establish one or more programs to permit selected participants the opportunity to elect to defer receipt of consideration payable under an award. The Administrator also may establish under the 2014 Plan separate programs for the grant of particular forms of awards to one or more classes of participants.

Certain Adjustments. Subject to any required action by the stockholders of the Company, the number of shares covered by outstanding awards, the number of shares that have been authorized for issuance under the 2014 Plan, the exercise or purchase price of each outstanding award, the maximum number of shares or amount that may be granted to any participant, and the like, shall be proportionally adjusted by the Administrator in the event of (i) any increase or decrease in the number of issued shares resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification or similar event affecting the shares, (ii) any other increase or decrease in the number of issued shares effected without receipt of consideration by the Company or (iii) any other transaction with respect to our shares including a corporate merger, consolidation, acquisition of property or stock, separation (including a spin-off or other distribution of stock or property), reorganization, liquidation (whether partial or complete), distribution of cash or other assets to stockholders other than a normal cash dividend, or any similar transaction; provided, however, that conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be deemed to have been "effected without receipt of consideration." Such adjustment shall be made by the Administrator and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive.

Corporate Transaction and Change in Control. Except as provided otherwise in an individual award agreement, in the event of a Corporate Transaction (as defined in the 2014 Plan), for the portion of each award that is assumed or replaced, then such portion of the award shall automatically become fully vested and exercisable and be released from any repurchase or forfeiture rights (other than repurchase rights exercisable at fair market value) for all of the shares at the time represented by such assumed or replaced portion of the award, immediately upon termination of the grantee's continuous service if such continuous service is terminated by the successor company or the Company without "cause" (as defined in the 2014 Plan) or voluntarily by the grantee with "good reason" (as defined in the 2014 Plan) within twelve (12) months after the Corporate Transaction. In addition, except as provided otherwise in an individual award agreement, for the portion of each award that is neither assumed nor replaced, such portion of the award shall automatically become fully vested and exercisable and be released from any repurchase or forfeiture rights (other than repurchase rights exercisable at fair market value) for all of the shares at the time represented by such portion of the award, immediately prior to the specified effective date of such Corporate Transaction, provided that the grantee's continuous service has not terminated prior to such date.

Except as provided otherwise in an individual award agreement, upon a Change in Control (as defined in the 2014 Plan), other than a Change in Control which also is a Corporate Transaction, each award of such grantee which is at the time outstanding under the 2014 Plan shall automatically become fully vested and exercisable and be released from any repurchase or forfeiture rights (other than repurchase rights exercisable at fair market value) for all of the shares at the time represented by such award, immediately prior to the effective date of the Change in Control; provided that the grantee's continuous service has not terminated prior to such date.

Under the 2014 Plan, Corporate Transaction includes a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving entity, except for a transaction the principal purpose of which is to change the state in which the Company is incorporated; the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; the complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company; any reverse merger or series of related transactions culminating in a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving entity but (i) the Shares outstanding immediately prior to such merger are converted or exchanged by virtue of the merger into other property or (ii) in which securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company's outstanding securities are transferred to a person or persons different from those who held such securities immediately prior to such merger or the initial transaction culminating in such merger; and an acquisition in a single or series of related transactions by any person or related group of persons (other than the Company or by a Company-sponsored employee benefit plan) of beneficial ownership of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company's outstanding securities.

Under the 2014 Plan, Change in Control includes a change in ownership or control of the Company effected through the direct or indirect acquisition by any person or related group of persons (other than an acquisition from or by the Company or by a Company-sponsored employee benefit plan or by a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) of beneficial ownership of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company's outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to the Company's stockholders which a majority of the Continuing Directors (as defined in the 2014 Plan) who are not affiliates or associates of the offeror do not recommend such stockholders accept; and a change in the composition of the Board over a period of twelve (12) months or less such that a majority of the Board members (rounded up to the next whole number) ceases, by reason of one or more contested elections for Board membership, to be comprised of individuals who are Continuing Directors.

Amendment, Suspension or Termination of the 2014 Plan. The Board may at any time amend, suspend or terminate the 2014 Plan. The 2014 Plan will terminate on May 20, 2024, unless earlier terminated by the Board of Directors. To the extent necessary to comply with applicable provisions of federal securities laws, state corporate and securities laws, the Code, applicable rules of any stock exchange or national market system, and the rules of any foreign jurisdiction applicable to awards granted to residents of the jurisdiction, the Company shall obtain stockholder approval of any such amendment to the 2014 Plan in such a manner and to such a degree as required.

Federal Income Tax Consequences 

The following is general summary as of this date of the federal income tax consequences to us and to U.S. participants for awards granted under the 2014 Plan. The federal tax laws may change and the federal, state and local tax consequences for any participant will depend upon his or her individual circumstances. Tax consequences for any particular individual may be different. This summary does not purport to be complete, and does not discuss state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences.

Non-qualified Stock Options. The grant of a non-qualified stock option under the 2014 Plan will not result in any federal income tax consequences to the participant or to the Company. Upon exercise of a non-qualified stock option, the participant is subject to income taxes at the rate applicable to ordinary compensation income on the difference between the option exercise price and the fair market value of the shares at the time of exercise. This income is subject to withholding for federal income and employment tax purposes. The Company is entitled to an income tax deduction in the amount of the income recognized by the participant, subject to possible limitations imposed by Section 162(m) of the Code and so long as the Company withholds the appropriate taxes with respect to such income (if required) and the participant's total compensation is deemed reasonable in amount. Any gain or loss on the participant's subsequent disposition of the shares of Common Stock will receive long or short-term capital gain or loss treatment, depending on whether the shares are held for more than one year following exercise. The Company does not receive a tax deduction for any such gain.

A non-qualified stock option can be considered non-qualified deferred compensation and subject to Section 409A of the Code. A non-qualified stock option that does not meet the requirements of Code Section 409A can result in the acceleration of income recognition, an additional 20% tax obligation, plus penalties and interest.

Incentive Stock Options. The grant of an incentive stock option under the 2014 Plan will not result in any federal income tax consequences to the participant or to the Company. A participant recognizes no federal taxable income upon exercising an incentive stock option (subject to the alternative minimum tax rules discussed below), and the Company receives no deduction at the time of exercise. In the event of a disposition of stock acquired upon exercise of an incentive stock option, the tax consequences depend upon how long the participant has held the shares of Common Stock. If the participant does not dispose of the shares within two years after the incentive stock option was granted, nor within one year after the incentive stock option was exercised, the participant will recognize a long-term capital gain (or loss) equal to the difference between the sale price of the shares and the exercise price. The Company is not entitled to any deduction under these circumstances.

If the participant fails to satisfy either of the foregoing holding periods (referred to as a "disqualifying disposition"), he or she must recognize ordinary income in the year of the disposition. The amount of ordinary income generally is the lesser of (i) the difference between the amount realized on the disposition and the exercise price or (ii) the difference between the fair market value of the stock at the time of exercise and the exercise price. Any gain in excess of the amount taxed as ordinary income will be treated as a long or short-term capital gain, depending on whether the stock was held for more than one year. The Company, in the year of the disqualifying disposition, is entitled to a deduction equal to the amount of ordinary income recognized by the participant, subject to possible limitations imposed by Section 162(m) of the Code and so long as the participant's total compensation is deemed reasonable in amount.

The "spread" under an incentive stock option—i.e., the difference between the fair market value of the shares at exercise and the exercise price—is classified as an item of adjustment in the year of exercise for purposes of the alternative minimum tax. If a participant's alternative minimum tax liability exceeds such participant's regular income tax liability, the participant will owe the larger amount of taxes. In order to avoid the application of alternative minimum tax with respect to incentive stock options, the participant must sell the shares within the calendar year in which the incentive stock options are exercised. However, such a sale of shares within the year of exercise will constitute a disqualifying disposition, as described above.

Stock Appreciation Rights. Recipients of stock appreciation rights ("SARs") generally should not recognize income until the SAR is exercised (assuming there is no ceiling on the value of the right). Upon exercise, the recipient will normally recognize taxable ordinary income for federal income tax purposes equal to the amount of cash and fair market value of the shares, if any, received upon such exercise. Recipients who are employees will be subject to withholding for federal income and employment tax purposes with respect to income recognized upon exercise of a SAR. Recipients will recognize gain upon the disposition of any shares received on exercise of a SAR equal to the excess of (i) the amount realized on such disposition over (ii) the ordinary income recognized with respect to such shares under the principles set forth above. That gain will be taxable as long or short-term capital gain depending on whether the shares were held for more than one year. We will be entitled to a tax deduction to the extent and in the year that ordinary income is recognized by the recipient, subject to possible limitations imposed by Section 162(m) of the Code and so long as we withhold the appropriate taxes with respect to such income (if required) and the recipient's total compensation is deemed reasonable in amount.

A SAR also can be considered non-qualified deferred compensation and subject to Section 409A of the Code. A SAR that does not meet the requirements of Code Section 409A can result in the acceleration of income recognition, an additional 20% tax obligation, plus penalties and interest.

Restricted Stock. A restricted stock award is subject to a "substantial risk of forfeiture" within the meaning of Section 83 of the Code to the extent the award will be forfeited in the event that the participant ceases to provide services to the Company. As a result of this substantial risk of forfeiture, the recipient will not recognize ordinary income at the time of the award, unless the participant is retirement eligible. Instead, the recipient will recognize ordinary income on the date when the stock is no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture, or when the stock becomes transferable, if earlier. The recipient's ordinary income is measured as the difference between the amount paid for the stock, if any, and the fair market value of the stock on the earlier of those two dates.

The recipient may accelerate his or her recognition of ordinary income, if any, and begin his or her capital gains holding period by timely filing (i.e., within thirty (30) days of the award) an election pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Code. In such event, the ordinary income recognized, if any, is measured as the difference between the amount paid for the stock, if any, and the fair market value of the stock on the date of award, and the capital gain holding period commences on such date. The ordinary income recognized by a recipient that is an employee or former employee will be subject to tax withholding by the Company.

Restricted Stock Units. With respect to awards of restricted stock units, no taxable income is reportable when the restricted stock units are granted to a participant or upon vesting of the restricted stock units. Upon settlement, the recipient will recognize ordinary income in an amount equal to the value of the payment received pursuant to the restricted stock units. The ordinary income recognized by a recipient that is an employee or former employee will be subject to tax withholding by the Company.

Restricted stock units also can be considered non-qualified deferred compensation and subject to Section 409A of the Code. A grant of restricted stock units that does not meet the requirements of Code Section 409A will result in an additional 20% tax obligation, plus penalties and interest to such recipient.

Dividends and Dividend Equivalents. Recipients of stock-based awards that earn dividends or dividend equivalents will recognize taxable ordinary income on any dividend payments received with respect to unvested and/or unexercised shares subject to such awards, which income is subject to withholding for federal income and employment tax purposes. We are entitled to an income tax deduction in the amount of the income recognized by a participant, subject to possible limitations imposed by Section 162(m) of the Code and so long as we withhold the appropriate taxes with respect to such income (if required) and the individual's total compensation is deemed reasonable in amount.

Tax Effect for the Company. Unless limited by Section 162(m) of the Code, the Company generally will be entitled to a tax deduction in connection with an award under the 2014 Plan in an amount equal to the ordinary income realized by a recipient at the time the recipient recognizes such income (for example, when restricted stock is no longer subject to the risk of forfeiture).

Section 162(m) of the Code generally does not allow a deduction for annual compensation in excess of $1,000,000 paid to the Company’s “covered employees”, which consists of the chief executive officer, chief financial officer and the three (3) other most highly compensated officers of the Company.  Prior to January 1, 2018, this limitation on deductibility did not apply to certain compensation, including “performance based” compensation under a plan approved by the Company’s shareholders.  Historically, the Company intended for equity grants under our 2014 Plan to qualify for the “performance-based” exceptions from the Section 162(m) limitations.  The Company’s policy was generally to preserve the federal income tax deductibility of compensation and to qualify eligible compensation for the performance-based exception for compensation not to be subject to the limitation on deductibility imposed by Section 162(m) of the Code whenever practical to do so, while reserving the ability to approve compensation that may not be deductible, including if we determine that the compensation is in our best interests as well as the best interests of the Company’s shareholders.

Following the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 on December 22, 2017, the “qualifying performance-based” compensation exception described in the previous paragraph was repealed with respect to performance based compensation payable following November 2, 2017 unless it is payable pursuant to an award outstanding on that date (and generally unmodified) or a binding written agreement in effect on that date, which is referred to as the grandfathering exception.  For 2018 and beyond, the Company generally expects that compensation paid to its covered employees in excess of $1 million will not be deductible, subject to the grandfathering exception for performance-based awards described in the preceding sentence.  Because of ambiguities and uncertainties as to the application and interpretation of Section 162(m) of the Code and the regulations issued thereunder, including the uncertain scope of the transition relief under the legislation repealing Section 162(m)’s exemption from the deduction limit, no assurance can be given that compensation intended to satisfy the requirements for exemption pursuant to the exception described above from Section 162(m) in fact will satisfy such requirements.  In addition, the Administrator reserves the right to modify compensation that was initially intended to be exempt from Section 162(m) of the Code if it determines that such modifications are consistent with our business needs.

The 2014 Plan is not qualified under the provisions of Section 401(a) of the Code and is not subject to any provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

New Plan Benefits

Because the Administrator will make future awards at its discretion, we cannot determine the number of options and other awards that may be awarded in the future to eligible participants.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table provides information regarding our Common Stock which may be issued under our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2018.

 

 

(F1) Includes the 1993 Directors’ Stock Option Plan, 1993 Employee Stock Option Plan and 1993 Executive Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended, and the 2014 Plan.

 

PROPOSAL 3: ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) requires that the Company’s stockholders have the opportunity to cast a non-binding, advisory vote regarding the approval of the compensation disclosed in this Proxy Statement of the Company’s named executive officers. We have disclosed the compensation of the named executive officers pursuant to rules adopted by the SEC.

We believe that the compensation policies for the named executive officers are designed to attract, motivate and retain talented executive officers and are aligned with the long-term interests of the Company’s stockholders. This advisory stockholder vote, commonly referred to as a “say-on-pay” vote, gives you as a stockholder the opportunity to approve or not approve the compensation of the named executive officers that is disclosed in this Proxy Statement by voting for or against the following resolution (or by abstaining with respect to the resolution):

RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers, as disclosed in this proxy statement pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Summary Compensation Table, other executive compensation tables and related narrative disclosures is hereby APPROVED.

Because your vote is advisory, it will not be binding on either the Board of Directors or the Company. However, the Compensation Committee will take into account the outcome of the stockholder vote on this proposal when considering future executive compensation arrangements.

The Board of Directors UNANIMOUSLY recommends a vote to approve the compensation paid to our named executive officers.

EXECUTIVE  OFFICERS

In addition to John Farahi and Bob Farahi, whose biographical information is set forth above, our other executive officers are set forth below.

DAVID FARAHI, age 37, has been the Chief Operating Officer since April 2012. Prior to 2012 Mr. Farahi held the positions of Executive Director of Gaming Operations and Director of Investor Relations for Monarch. Mr. Farahi began his gaming and hospitality career in 1998. He has extensive experience in over a dozen positions at Atlantis Casino Resort Spa. From 2004 to 2006, Mr. Farahi held finance positions with HSBC Bank plc in their New York, London and Geneva offices, in both the investment and private banking divisions. Mr. Farahi is currently serving in his second term as the President of the Colorado Gaming Association. Mr. Farahi holds an MBA from Columbia Business School with concentrations in both Real Estate and Finance and holds a Bachelor’s degree in Economics and International Studies from Northwestern University.

EDWIN S. KOENIG, age 51, has been the Chief Accounting Officer since March of 2016. Mr. Koenig served as the Company’s Director of Corporate Development and Analysis from May 2015 until March 2016. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Koenig served in various assurance roles at Ernst & Young LLP from November 2003 to April 2015. Mr. Koenig is a certified public accountant with Bachelor’s degrees in Accounting from the University of Nevada Las Vegas and in Business Management from Sonoma State University. 

 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Board Leadership Structure and Role in Risk Oversight

John Farahi, the Board’s Co‑Chairman, also serves as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. Bob Farahi, the Board’s other Co‑Chairman also serves as the Company’s President. The Company does not have a lead independent director. At the time of this filing, we believe this is the best structure to leverage John and Bob Farahi’s respective operating expertise, professional experience and longevity with the Company. The Board is responsible for risk oversight. The Board regularly reviews information regarding our Company’s credit, liquidity and operations. In addition, each of our Board committees considers the risks within its area of responsibilities. For example, the Compensation Committee assesses the risks that may be implicated by our executive compensation programs and the Audit Committee discusses with our independent auditor our major financial risk exposures. The Board believes that its leadership structure supports the Board’s effective oversight of the Company’s risks.

Director Independence

Each year, the Board undertakes a review of director independence, which includes a review of each director’s responses to questionnaires asking about any relationships with us. This review is designed to identify and evaluate any transactions or relationships between a director or any member of his or her immediate family and us, or members of our senior management or other members of our Board of Directors, and all relevant facts and circumstances regarding any such transactions or relationships. Consistent with these considerations, the Board has determined that Paul Andrews, Yvette E. Landau and Craig F. Sullivan are “independent directors,” as such term is defined in Nasdaq Rule 5605(a)(2).

Board and Committee Meetings

The Board held three meetings during 2018.  Each incumbent director attended at least 75% of the aggregate of (1) the total number of meetings of the Board during the period in which he or she was a director and (2) the total number of meetings of all committees on which he or she served during the period in which he or she was a director.

Annual Meetings

The Board has a policy that requires all directors to attend each annual meeting of stockholders absent exigent circumstances. All of our directors attended the 2018 annual meeting of stockholders.

Committees of the Board

The Board has a  standing Audit Committee,  Compensation Committee, and Marketing Committee. 

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee is currently comprised of Craig F. Sullivan, Chair, Yvette E. Landau and Paul Andrews. During 2018, the Audit Committee held six meetings. The Audit Committee oversees our management, internal audit and independent public accountants with respect to corporate accounting, financial reporting and systems of internal control established by management. Among other duties, the Audit Committee’s functions are: to review reports of the auditors to the Company; to review Company financial practices, internal controls and policies with officers and key employees; to review such matters with the Company’s auditors to determine the scope of compliance and any deficiencies; to evaluate the independence of and select our independent public accountants; to review and approve all related party transactions; and to make periodic reports on such matters to the Board. The Audit Committee adopted an Audit Committee Charter, a copy of which may be viewed on the Company’s website at www.monarchcasino.com, by clicking on “Corporate Overview” and then “Corporate Governance”.

The Board has determined that all members of the Audit Committee meet the enhanced definition of “independence” under the SEC rules and are “independent directors,” under the  Nasdaq listing standards.

Additionally, the Board has determined that Craig F. Sullivan, Chairman of the Audit Committee, is a financial expert as defined by the SEC rules.  The relevant experience of Mr. Sullivan is summarized under “Election of Directions ― Directors and Nominees” above.

Compensation Committee

The Compensation Committee is currently comprised of Yvette E. Landau, Chair, Craig F. Sullivan and Paul Andrews. During 2018, the Compensation Committee held three meetings. The Compensation Committee determines and approves, or recommends to the Board for approval, all compensation and awards to the Company’s chief executive officer and other executive officers, and administers the 2014 Plan. The Compensation Committee reviews at least annually the performance and the compensation of the chief executive officer in light of the corporate goals and objectives applicable to the compensation of the chief executive officer, and determines and approves the compensation level of the chief executive officer based on this evaluation. In determining compensation, or making recommendations regarding executive compensation, the Compensation Committee considers the results of the most recent stockholder advisory vote on executive compensation. Our chief executive officer provides the Compensation Committee with evaluations of each named executive officer, including himself, and recommendations regarding base salary levels for the upcoming year for each named executive officer (other than himself) and an evaluation of the extent to which the named executive officer met his bonus target. Our chief executive officer cannot be present during any voting or deliberations by the Compensation Committee on his compensation. The Compensation Committee may delegate its authority to subcommittees of the Compensation Committee when it deems appropriate and in the best interest of the Company. The Compensation Committee has adopted a Compensation Committee Charter, a copy of which may be viewed on the Company’s website at www.monarchcasino.com by clicking on “Corporate Overview” and then “Corporate Governance”.  As set forth in the “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” section below, the Compensation Committee did not engage compensation consultants in 2018.  The Board has determined that all of the members of the Compensation Committee meet the independence requirements of the Nasdaq listing standards, including the heightened independence requirements specific to compensation committee members.

Marketing Committee

In 2016, a standing Marketing Committee was formed, currently comprised of Paul Andrews, Chair, Craig F. Sullivan and Yvette E. Landau. The primary function of the Marketing Committee is to review and evaluate marketing channels and plans that strengthen the Monarch brands. In 2018,  the committee assisted the management in evaluating key marketing opportunities and strategies and strengthened the launch campaign for the expended Monarch Casino Resort Black Hawk.

Nominations Function

The Company does not have a standing nominating committee, nor has the Board of Directors adopted a charter addressing the director nomination process. The Board of Directors believes that, at this time, it is appropriate for the Company not to have a nominating committee because the independent directors constituting the majority of the Board of Directors can adequately serve the function of considering potential director nominees from time to time as needed.

For annual meetings of stockholders, at which directors are to be elected in compliance with Nasdaq rule 5605(e), director nominees are recommended for the Board’s nomination solely by a majority of the independent directors. In making such recommendation, the qualifications of the prospective nominee to be considered include the nominee’s personal and professional integrity, experience, skills, professional relationships, ability and willingness to devote the time and effort necessary to be an effective board member, and commitment to act in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders.

The Board of Directors’ overall diversity is a significant consideration in the director selection process. Monarch is an equal opportunity employer and does not discriminate based upon age, race, color, gender, national origin, disability, religion or veteran status. It is the Board of Director’s desire that the Board should be composed of qualified individuals who bring diverse professional expertise and points of view. All prospective Director nominees are evaluated on their professional merits, technical qualifications, demonstrated expertise, experience and ability to contribute in such a way as to bolster and expand the collective professional perspective of the Board.

The Board will consider all appropriate candidates proposed by our stockholders in accordance with the Company’s Bylaws. Potential candidates will be evaluated according to the same criteria, regardless of whether the candidate was recommended by the independent directors of the Board or stockholders. The requirements for nomination of a person to the Board by a security holder are set forth in Article II, Section 16 of the Company’s Bylaws and the qualifications for a person to be a director of the Company are set forth in Article II, Section 14 of the Bylaws. Both sections of the Bylaws are set forth below.

14. Eligibility of Directors. No Director is eligible to continue to serve as a Director of the Corporation who is required under Nevada or Colorado gaming laws to be found suitable to serve as a director and who is not found suitable or whose finding of suitability is suspended or revoked by Nevada or Colorado gaming authorities. Such eligibility shall cease immediately following whatever act or event terminates the director’s eligibility under the laws and gaming regulations of either the State of Nevada or the State of Colorado.

16. Nomination of Directors. Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 16 of Article II shall be eligible for election as Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation at the Annual Meeting may be made at a meeting of stockholders by or at the direction of the Board of Directors by any nominating committee or person appointed by the Board or by any stockholder of the Corporation entitled to vote for the election of Directors at the meeting who complies with the Notice procedures set forth in this Section 16 of Article II. Such nominations, other than those made by or at the direction of the Board, shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the secretary of the Corporation. To be timely, unless waived by the Board of Directors, no person not already a Director shall be eligible to be elected or to serve as a Director unless such person’s notice of nomination shall be received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation at least seventy five (75) days before initiation of solicitation to the stockholders for election in the event of an election other than at an Annual Meeting and seventy five (75) days before the corresponding date that had been the record date for the previous year’s Annual Meeting or seventy five (75) days before the date of the next Annual Meeting of shareholders announced in the previous year’s proxy materials in the event of an election at an Annual Meeting. To be timely, no stockholder’s notice shall be received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation more than ninety (90) days before the meeting; provided, however, that in the event that less than ninety (90) days’ notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the meeting is given or made to stockholders, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be received not later than the close of business on the 15th day following the day on which such notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or such public disclosure was made, whichever first occurs. The stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a Director, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of the person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of the person, (iii) the class and number of shares of stock of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the person, (iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the stockholder and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nomination or nominations are to be made by the stockholder, and (b) any other information relating to the person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations for proxies for election of Directors pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (vi) the consent of such nominee to serve as Director of the Corporation, if he is so elected; and (c) as to the stockholder giving the notice, (i) the name and record address of stockholder, and (ii) the class and number of shares of stock of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as Director of the Corporation. No person shall be eligible for election as a Director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Article II, Section 16. The Chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedure, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.

The Company did not receive any proposed director candidates submitted by any stockholder for inclusion in this Proxy Statement under the guidelines set forth above.

Communication with Directors

The Company’s stockholders may contact directors by sending an email to Lou Dorn, Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel at LDorn@MonarchCasino.com, which will be relayed to the board member or members specified in the message, or by addressing a letter to Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc., Board of Directors, 3800 South Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89502. Each communication should specify the applicable director or directors to be contacted.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

Yvette E. Landau, Craig F. Sullivan, and Paul Andrews each served on the Compensation Committee during 2018. None of these directors is a former or current executive officer of Monarch or had any relationships requiring disclosure by Monarch under the SEC’s rules requiring disclosure of certain relationships and related-party transactions. None of Monarch’s executive officers served as a director or a member of a compensation committee (or other committee serving an equivalent function) of any other entity, the executive officers of which served as a director or member of the Compensation Committee during 2018.

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Compensation Objectives

Our named executive officers (“NEOs”) are (a) John Farahi, our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), (b) Bob Farahi, our President, (c) David Farahi, our Chief Operating Officer (“COO”), and (d) Edwin Koenig, our Chief Accounting Officer (“CAO”). We seek to compensate our NEOs in a manner that will attract and retain qualified individuals who are responsible for the management, growth and success of the Company. We believe that NEO compensation should be designed to:

We evaluate and establish the total compensation of our NEOs in light of what we believe to be the compensation practices, and relative corporate financial performance, of other companies in the gaming industry similar to us in terms of asset size and target market. In 2018,  the Compensation Committee did not engage compensation consultants in this process because it believed that the Compensation Committee was able to consider publicly available data and other data which provided information upon which to make informed compensation decisions. Because certain comparable companies in the gaming industry do not publicly report their compensation information, their compensation practices are not publicly available. As such, we rely on information that is publicly available, information that we obtain from industry sources, and the industry experience and knowledge of our Compensation Committee and other Board members in determining NEO compensation.

Compensation Elements

Our NEO compensation program utilizes four primary components, which include 1) annual salary, 2) annual cash bonus awards, 3) one-time cash awards and 4) stock option awards. Following is a discussion of each component.

Annual Salary

The salary element compensates each NEO for performance of the fundamental duties associated with that NEO’s position. In addition to what we believe to be the compensation practices and relative corporate financial performance of other companies in the gaming industry similar to us in asset size and target market, we consider other factors in establishing NEO annual salaries including the executive’s respective record of leadership and service to us, our growth during the NEO’s term of employment, the relative importance of the NEO in overseeing both our strategic direction and our day-to-day operations, the relative performance of our competitors and the NEO’s civic leadership. Salaries are reviewed annually and are adjusted as warranted.

Annual Cash Bonus Awards

To align NEO performance with our short-term operational and financial objectives, we utilize an annual cash bonus program (the “Bonus Program”) with an annual target set by the Compensation Committee as a percentage (the “Target Bonus Percentage”) of the NEO’s annual salary. The Target Bonus Percentage is set at 20%. During the recession and until the effects of the global recession subsided,  the Target Bonus Percentage was set annually by the Board at percentages less than 20%.

The Bonus Program is comprised of both a quantitative and a qualitative component. The quantitative component is awarded based on achieving our annual financial goal, as established by the Board. The qualitative component of the cash bonus program for our NEOs is awarded at the discretion of the Compensation Committee, which considers several factors of the NEO’s performance including, but not limited to, performance against specific tactical objectives as established by the Board, staff development, staff retention, operating process improvement and the implementation of programs resulting in permanent cost reductions. The qualitative component of the cash bonus program for the other executive officers is determined by the chief executive officer, subject to the Compensation Committee review and approval, and is based on their overall performance, as well as on completing specific projects and achieving specific goals.

The financial target is defined as a determined level of “Adjusted EBITDA.” The Board sets the Adjusted EBITDA target at a level they believe is both challenging and achievable. By establishing a target that is challenging, the Board believes that NEO performance, and, therefore, Company financial performance, is optimized. By setting a target that is also achievable, the Board believes that NEOs remain motivated to perform at the high level required to achieve the Adjusted EBITDA target. Adjusted EBITDA consists of net income plus provision for income taxes, stock based compensation expense, other one-time non-cash charges, interest expense, depreciation and amortization less interest income and any benefit for income taxes. The Adjusted EBITDA target for 2018 was $67.7 million. Under the Bonus Program, an additional evaluation is completed at year-end, which allows for the potential to exceed the Target Bonus Percentage. For every whole percentage point that our actual Adjusted EBITDA exceeds the full-year Adjusted EBITDA target, an additional 1% of NEO salary may be awarded up to a maximum of 40% of the NEO’s annual salary.

In 2018, the Target Bonus Percentage was set at 20% of the NEO’s annual salary, the standard Target Bonus Percentage per our Bonus Program. For 2018, the Adjusted EBITDA target was set at $67.7 million, which was 16.7% above the 2017 Adjusted EBITDA. The Company achieved $61.0 million Adjusted EBITDA, which was 9.8% below the budget and 5.1% above 2017 Adjusted EBITDA. The Compensation Committee evaluated the financial results and additionally considered other factors related to the performance of the NEOs.  In 2018, each NEO had increased responsibilities relating to the construction of the new hotel and expanded casino in Black Hawk. In addition, the Compensation Committee considered the Company’s strong financial results achieved in spite of the construction disruptions at Monarch Black Hawk and the challenging labor market at both markets, Reno and Denver. As a result, the Compensation Committee recommended and the Board approved a bonus award for each NEO of 12.5% of their base salary paid in the current year.

One-Time Cash Awards

We may, from time to time, award one-time cash payments based on superior financial performance relative to the Board-established annual financial profit target when such performance is deemed to be extraordinary or in certain other exceptional circumstances.

Regarding extraordinary performance, such determination is based on several factors including, but not limited to, comparison of our financial performance relative to our competitors, the general market conditions in which those financial results were generated and other operating criteria that indicate that the financial results were abnormally strong given those market and operating conditions. Such performance criteria could serve as the basis for increasing an NEO’s salary level; however, by instead rewarding such performance with one-time cash awards, we believe we are more accurately promoting sustained, superior performance by more closely linking the reward with the timing of the performance. No one-time cash awards were paid for performance in 2016, 2017 and 2018.

Stock Option Awards

While it is difficult to predict the value an NEO will ultimately realize from the stock option compensation component, the compensation package is designed with the expectation that stock options will provide the highest potential reward of the four components of the NEO compensation package. As such, the most significant driver of NEO compensation is designed to correlate directly with the financial gains of our stockholders through changes in stock prices. As our stock price increases or decreases, the value of NEO stock option awards also increases or decreases. By designing the compensation program in this way, we believe that a significant portion of NEO compensation has been directly aligned with the interests of our stockholders.

NEOs receive an initial stock option grant (the “Initial Grant”) on their hire date and receive subsequent grants (the “Subsequent Grants”) in amounts equal to, and commensurate with, the portion of the Initial Grant that vests. The Initial Grant vests, assuming continued employment, in three equal tranches beginning on the third anniversary of the grant date and is fully vested on the NEO’s fifth anniversary. The Subsequent Grants vest three years after their respective grant date. Neither Initial Grants nor Subsequent Grants vest earlier than three years and in the case of Initial Grants, do not fully vest earlier than five years.

Stock option awards are granted at exercise prices equal to the closing market price of our stock on the date the stock option award is granted, except for any Incentive Stock Option (“ISO”) that might be granted to Mr. John Farahi, whose exercise price would be 110% of the relevant closing market price, since he is the beneficial owner of more than 10% of our Common Stock. As such, the value of the award increases only if our stock price increases subsequent to the stock option’s grant date. Because these awards vest over time, the stock option component of NEO compensation also encourages NEO retention, as value related to unvested stock options is forfeited if an NEO ceases to be employed by us. To date, the Compensation Committee has not granted ISOs.

Compensation Clawback Policy

Our NEOs are subject to a compensation clawback policy. In the event of a restatement of the Company’s financial results (other than a restatement caused by a change in applicable accounting rules or interpretations), the result of which is that any performance-based compensation paid or awarded to an NEO would have been a lower amount had it been calculated based on such restated results, the awarded compensation is subject to repayment by the NEO.

Employment Agreements or Arrangements

We do not currently have any written or unwritten employment agreement or arrangement with any of our NEOs.

Change in Control Vesting

Stockholders approved the 2014 Plan on May 21, 2014. The 2014 Plan serves as the successor to our 1993 Employee Stock Option Plan, 1993 Executive Long-Term Incentive Plan and 1993 Directors’ Stock Option Plan (which plan terminated on June 13, 2013) (the “Predecessor Plans”). The 2014 Plan became effective as of May 21, 2014 and the remaining two Predecessor Plans terminated on that date (except with respect to awards previously granted under the Predecessor Plans that remain outstanding).

In order for any equity award held by the NEOs under the 2014 Plan to accelerate, there must be a change in control (which is also a corporate transaction) of Monarch, and the NEO must have been involuntarily terminated without cause or have resigned for good reason (as defined in the 2014 Plan) within twelve months of the change in control (often referred to as a “double trigger”). Upon a change in control (which is not also a corporate transaction), any equity awards held by the NEOs under the 2014 Plan will automatically vest on the date of such change in control.

Other Benefits and Compensation Matters

401(k) and Health Benefit Plans. The NEOs are permitted to participate in our 401(k) and health benefit plans on the same basis, and at the same benefit level, as the rest of our full-time employees. The plans include subsidized health insurance benefits and an annual 401(k) matching contribution up to two percent of their annual salary.

Use of Company-provided Vehicle. Our CEO, President and COO are each provided the use of a Company-provided vehicle.

Prohibition of option repricing or cash buyouts. Our policy is to prohibit any form of option repricing or to exchange underwater stock options for a cash settlement unless approval of stockholders has been granted.

Prohibition of speculative and hedging transactions. All employees are prohibited from participating in short sales of, and trading in, put and call options on, the Company’s securities.

Compensation Committee Process

The Compensation Committee determines and approves, or recommends to the Board for approval, all compensation and awards to the Company’s CEO and other executive officers.  The Compensation Committee reviews at least annually the performance and the compensation of the CEO in light of the corporate goals and objectives applicable to the compensation of the CEO, and determines and approves the compensation level of the CEO based on this evaluation. In determining compensation, or making recommendations regarding executive compensation, the Compensation Committee considers the results of the most recent stockholder advisory vote on executive compensation.

 

Risk Assessment

In establishing and reviewing our executive compensation program, we consider, among other things, whether the program properly motivates NEOs to focus on the creation of stockholder value without encouraging unnecessary or excessive risk taking. To this end, the Compensation Committee carefully reviews the principal components of NEO compensation. Base salaries are fixed in amount and represent on average 42% of each NEO’s total compensation. Annual incentive pay is focused on achievement of certain specific overall financial goals and is determined using multiple performance criteria. The other major component of our NEOs’ compensation is long-term incentives through stock options, which we believe is important to help further align NEOs’ interests with those of our stockholders. We believe that these cash and incentive awards, especially when combined with the compensation clawback policy described above, appropriately balance risk, payment for performance and align NEO compensation with stockholders interests without encouraging unnecessary or excessive risk taking.

COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT

Notwithstanding any statement to the contrary set forth in any of the Company’s previous filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that might incorporate future filings, including this Proxy Statement, in whole or in part, the following Compensation Committee Report on Executive Compensation shall not be incorporated by reference into any such filings or otherwise deemed filed.

Compensation Committee Report

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S‑K with management and, based on such review and discussion, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement.

 

 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Summary Compensation Table

The following table presents information regarding compensation of our NEOs for services rendered during the last three completed fiscal years.

 

Grants of Plan Based Awards Made in Fiscal 2018

 

The following table presents information regarding the equity incentive awards granted to our NEOs for 2018.

Option Exercises in Fiscal 2018

The following table provides information for our NEOs for options that were exercised during 2018 on an aggregate basis, and does not reflect shares withheld by the Company for exercise price or withholding taxes.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal 2018 Year-End

The following table presents information regarding the outstanding equity awards held by each of our NEOs as of December 31, 2018.

 

Potential Payments Upon Termination in Connection with Change in Control

Our 2014 Plan provides for acceleration of equity awards to our NEOs upon termination in connection with a Corporate Transaction or Change in Control of our Company.  Unless otherwise provided in an award agreement, in order for any equity award held by the NEOs under the 2014 Plan to accelerate, there must be a Corporate Transaction or a Change in Control (which is also a Corporate Transaction) of Monarch, and the NEO must have been involuntarily terminated without Cause or have resigned for Good Reason within twelve months of the Corporate Transaction or Change in Control (often referred to as a “double trigger”). Upon a Change in Control (which is not also a Corporate Transaction) or a Corporate Transaction, any equity awards held by the NEOs under the 2014 Plan (or in the case of a Corporate Transaction, any awards that are neither assumed or replaced by the Company or a successor entity) will automatically vest immediately prior to the effective date of such Change in Control or Corporate Transaction.

Other than as described above, we have no contract, agreement, plan or arrangement, whether written or unwritten, that would provide for payments to our NEOs at, following, or in connection with any termination, including resignation, severance, retirement or a change in control of the Company.