Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) under the Securities Act of 1933
Commission File No. 333-162041

Offer to Exchange All Outstanding

91/2% Initial Senior Notes due 2016

Guaranteed on a senior basis by certain subsidiaries

($350,000,000 aggregate principal amount outstanding)

for

91/2% Exchange Senior Notes due 2016

Guaranteed on a senior basis by certain subsidiaries

Compagnie Générale de Géophysique-Veritas

 

 

We are offering to exchange all of our outstanding unregistered 91/2% Senior Notes due 2016 issued on June 9, 2009 for new registered 91/2% Senior Notes due 2016. The outstanding notes and the new notes are sometimes collectively referred to as the notes. The terms of the new notes are identical to the terms of the outstanding notes except that the new notes are registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and, therefore, are freely transferable.

 

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The date of this prospectus is November 30, 2009

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

 

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You should rely only on the information or representations provided in this prospectus. We have not authorized any person to provide information other than that provided in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We are not making an offer of these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of this document.

 

 

 

 

 

We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) applicable to foreign private issuers. In accordance with the Exchange Act, we electronically file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F and interim reports on Form 6-K, and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may obtain these reports and other information by sending a written request to CGGVeritas, Tour

Maine-Montparnasse, 33 avenue de Maine, BP 191, 75755 Paris CEDEX 15, France, Attention: Investor Relations Officer, Telephone: +33 1 64 47 45 00.

 

You can inspect and copy these reports, and other information, without charge, at the Public Reference Room of the Commission located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Commission also maintains an Internet site at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the Commission. In addition, you can inspect material filed by us at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005, on which American Depositary Shares representing shares of our common stock are listed. As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject to the proxy rules under Section 14 or the short-swing insider profit disclosure rules under Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

 

All information referred to above will, for so long as the notes are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange, also be available, without charge, at the specified office of the Paying Agent in Luxembourg during usual business hours on any weekday (Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays excepted) from the date of this prospectus.

 

In this prospectus, references to “United States” or “U.S.” are to the United States of America, references to “U.S. dollars”, “$” or “U.S.$” are to United States dollars, references to “France” are to the Republic of France, references to “NOK” are to Norwegian kroner and references to “euro” or “€” are to the single currency introduced at the start of the third stage of European Economic and Monetary Union pursuant to the Treaty Establishing the European Union.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this prospectus relating to market share, ranking and data are derived from management estimates based, in part, on independent industry publications, reports by market research firms or other published independent sources. Any discrepancies in any table between totals and the sums of the amounts listed in such table are due to rounding.

 

As used in this prospectus, “CGG” refers to Compagnie Générale de Géophysique and its subsidiaries, except as otherwise indicated, “Veritas” refers to Veritas DGC Inc. and its subsidiaries before the merger between CGG and Veritas and to CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc. following such merger, except as otherwise indicated, and “CGGVeritas”, “the CGGVeritas Group”, “the Group”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to Compagnie Générale de Géophysique-Veritas and its subsidiaries, except as otherwise indicated.

 

The Commission allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with the Commission in other documents, which means:

 

 

We incorporate by reference each of the following documents:

 

 

 

In addition, we incorporate by reference each of the following documents that we will file with the Commission after the date of this prospectus from now until the first anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement pertaining to the new notes:

 

 

You may obtain a copy of any of the documents referred to above (excluding exhibits) at no cost by contacting us at the following address:

 

CGGVeritas

Tour Maine-Montparnasse

33 avenue de Maine

BP 191, 75755

Paris CEDEX 15 France

Attention: Investor Relations Officer

Telephone: +33 1 64 47 45 00

 

To obtain timely delivery, you must request any document no later than five business days before the date of the expiration of this exchange offer, meaning no later than December 21, 2009.

 

This prospectus includes and incorporates by reference “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws, which involve risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation, certain statements made in “Item 4: Information on the Company” and “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” in our 2008 annual report incorporated by reference herein. You can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “believes”, “expects”, “may”, “should”, “seeks”, “approximately”, “intends”, “plans”, “estimates”, or “anticipates” or similar expressions that relate to our strategy, plans or intentions. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may change at any time, and, therefore, our actual results may differ materially from those that we expected. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current views and assumptions about future events. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and, of course, it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to us on the date of this prospectus.

 

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations (“cautionary statements”) are disclosed under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus, including, without limitation, in conjunction with the forward-looking statements included in this prospectus. All forward-looking information in

this prospectus and subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us, or persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements. Some of the factors that we believe could affect our actual results include:

 

 

We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. We caution you that the foregoing list of important factors may not contain all of the material factors that are important to you. In addition, in light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this prospectus might not occur. When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements included in this prospectus, including those described in the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus.

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

	•	land contract: seismic data acquisition for land, transition zones and shallow water on behalf of a specific client;
	•	multi-client land: seismic data acquisition for land, transition zones and shallow water licensed to a number of clients on a non-exclusive basis;
	•	marine contract: seismic data acquisition offshore on behalf of a specific client;
	•	multi-client marine: seismic data acquisition offshore and licensed to a number of clients on a non-exclusive basis; and
	•	processing and imaging: processing, imaging and interpretation of geophysical data, data management and reservoir studies for clients.

		Nine months
		ended September 30,								Year ended December 31,
		2009								2008								2007
		(in millions of euros, except percentages)
Total land seismic Acquisition		€	266.3				15	%		€	454.4				17	%		€	461.5				19	%
Contract			220.6				13	%			350.3				13	%			327.3				14	%
Multi-client			45.7				2	%			104.1				4	%			134.2				6	%
Total marine seismic Acquisition			847.6				49	%			1,112.7				43	%			986.4				41	%
Contract			664.2				38	%			712.9				27	%			531.2				22	%
Multi-client			183.4				11	%			399.8				16	%			455.2				19	%
Processing and imaging			219.7				13	%			270.1				11	%			263.2				11	%
Total Services			1,333.6				77	%			1,837.3				71	%			1,711.1				72	%
12 days elimination(1)			—				—				—				—				(16.5	)			—
Total Services after elimination			1,333.6				77	%			1,837.3				71	%			1,694.6				71	%
Equipment			399.7				23	%			765.2				29	%			679.5				29	%
Total		€	1,733.3				100	%		€	2,602.5				100	%		€	2,374.1				100	%

(1)		The merger with Veritas took effect on January 12, 2007. The €1,711.1 million figure above is composed of Services segment business line revenues for each of CGG and Veritas from and including January 1, 2007. We have consequently eliminated from this figure Veritas revenues in an amount of €16.5 million attributable to 2007 Veritas revenues between January 1 and January 12, 2007, the effective date of the merger of CGG and Veritas. Because our internal reporting systems did not permit us to identify the CGGVeritas Services segment business lines to which such twelve days of Veritas revenues should be allocated, we have eliminated such twelve days of revenues from such €1,711.1 million figure to arrive at total Services revenues (including Veritas revenues after the merger date) of €1,694.6 million for the financial year ended December 31, 2007.

		Nine months
		ended September 30,								Year ended December 31,
		2009								2008								2007
		(in millions of euros, except percentages)
North America		€	348.6				21	%		€	725.0				28	%		€	734.6				31	%
Central and South Americas			126.9				7	%			203.2				8	%			244.0				10	%
Europe, Africa and Middle East			786.4				45	%			1,045.2				40	%			767.2				32	%
Asia Pacific			471.4				27	%			629.1				24	%			628.3				27	%
Total		€	1,733.3				100	%		€	2,602.5				100	%		€	2,374.1				100	%

	•	First, oil and gas companies (including both the international oil companies and the national oil companies) and the large oil and gas consuming nations have perceived a growing and potentially lasting imbalance between reserves and future demand for hydrocarbons. A rapid rise in world consumption requirements, particularly in China and India, resulted in demand for hydrocarbons growing more rapidly than anticipated prior to the current economic downturn. At the same time, oil and gas companies have increased their focus on existing production capacities and reserves replacement.
	•	Second, the recognition of a potential future imbalance between hydrocarbon supply and demand, combined with low reserve replacement rates, has led in the recent past and we expect that it could lead in the future to sustained capital expenditure in exploration and production. The seismic services market generally benefits from this spending since seismic services are an important element in the search for new reserves and optimization of existing reservoirs from pure exploration (early cycle) to reservoir development, management and production (late cycle).

	•	land and transition zone seismic data acquisition systems and know-how;
	•	innovative marine or seabed acquisition systems and services;
	•	seismic data processing and reservoir services; and
	•	manufacturing of land, marine and subsea data acquisition equipment.

The Exchange Offer		We are offering to exchange up to $350 million aggregate principal amount of new notes for up to $350 million aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes. Outstanding notes may be exchanged only in integral multiples of $100,000.
Expiration Date		The Exchange Offer will expire at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on December 29, 2009, or such later date and time to which we extend it.
Withdrawal of Tenders		You may withdraw your tender of outstanding notes prior to the expiration date, unless previously accepted for exchange. We will return to you, without charge, promptly after the expiration or termination of the exchange offer any outstanding notes that you tendered but that were not accepted for exchange.
Conditions to the Exchange Offer		We will not be required to accept outstanding notes for exchange if the exchange offer would be unlawful or would violate any interpretation of the staff of the Commission. The exchange offer is not conditioned upon any minimum aggregate principal amount of outstanding notes being tendered. Please read the section “The Exchange Offer — Conditions to the Exchange Offer” beginning on page 41 for more information regarding the conditions to the exchange offer.
Procedures for Tendering Outstanding Notes		If your outstanding notes are held through The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and you wish to participate in the exchange offer, you may do so through the automated tender offer program of DTC. If you tender under this program, you will agree to be bound by the letter of transmittal that we are providing with this prospectus as though you had signed the letter of transmittal. By signing or agreeing to be bound by the letter of transmittal, you will represent to us that, among other things:
		•  any new note you receive will be acquired in the ordinary course of your business;
		•  you have no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in the distribution of the outstanding notes or the new notes;
		•  you are not engaged in and do not intend to engage in the distribution of the new notes;

		•  if you are a broker-dealer that will receive new notes for your own account in exchange for outstanding notes, that the outstanding notes to be exchanged for new notes were acquired by you as a result of market-making or other trading activities and you will deliver a prospectus, as required by law, in connection with any resale of such new notes; and
		•  you are not our “affiliate”, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act, nor a broker-dealer tendering outstanding notes acquired directly from us for your own account.
Special Procedures for Beneficial Owners		If you own a beneficial interest in outstanding notes that are registered in the name of a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee, and you wish to tender the outstanding notes in the exchange offer, you should contact the registered holder promptly and instruct the registered holder to tender on your behalf.
Guaranteed Delivery Procedures		If you wish to tender your outstanding notes and cannot comply, prior to the expiration date, with the applicable procedures under the automated tender program of DTC, you must tender your outstanding notes according to the guaranteed delivery procedures described in “The Exchange Offer — Guaranteed Delivery Procedures” beginning on page 44.
Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations		The exchange of outstanding notes for new notes in the exchange offer will not be a taxable event for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Please read “Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Exchange Offer” beginning on page 93.
Use of Proceeds		We will not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of new notes.

Right Under Registration Rights Agreement		If we fail to complete the exchange offer as required by the registration rights agreement, we will be obligated to pay liquidated damages to holders of the outstanding notes. Please read “Outstanding Notes Registration Rights Agreement” beginning on page 89 for more information regarding your rights as a holder of outstanding notes.
Listing		Application has been made for the new notes to be listed on the Euro MTF market of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange.
Governing Law		New York.
Trustee and Principal Paying Agent		The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association.
Luxembourg Paying Agent		Dexia Banque Internationale à Luxembourg.

Securities Offered		U.S.$350,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 91/2% Exchange Senior Notes due 2015.
Maturity		May 15, 2016.
Interest Payment Dates		We will pay interest on the notes semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing November 15, 2009.
Guarantees		Initially, the notes will be guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by Alitheia Resources Inc., CGG Americas, Inc., CGG Canada Services Ltd., CGG Marine Resources Norge A/S, CGGVeritas Land (U.S.) Inc., CGGVeritas Services Holding B.V., CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc., CGGVeritas Services (U.S.) Inc., Veritas DGC Asia Pacific Ltd., Veritas Geophysical (Mexico) LLC, Veritas Investments Inc. and Viking Maritime Inc., (the “Services Guarantors”), and Sercel Inc., Sercel Canada Ltd. and Sercel Australia Pty Ltd. (the “Equipment Guarantors”, and together with the Services Guarantors, the “Initial Guarantors”). Our other subsidiaries, including CGGVeritas Services (Norway), will not initially guarantee the notes and, in certain circumstances, we may elect to have certain guarantors released from their guarantees of the notes.
		The Initial Guarantors have fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on a joint and several basis, the payment of all interests, principal and other amounts, if any, under the notes and the indenture for the notes.
		The Services Guarantors (excluding their subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the notes) generated, before consolidation entries, €229.3 million of revenues, €34.8 million of operating income and €23.7 million of net income in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2009 and held €4,325.2 million of total assets before consolidation entries as at September 30, 2009. The Services Guarantors generated, before consolidation entries, €585.2 million of revenues, €184.9 million of operating income and €89.7 million of net income in the year ended December 31, 2008 and held €4,573.6 million of total assets before consolidation entries as at December 31, 2008.
		The Equipment Guarantors (excluding their subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the notes) generated, before consolidation entries, €171.3 million of revenues, €21.7 million of operating income and €17.7 million of net income in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2009 and held €288.6 million of total assets before consolidation entries as at September 30, 2009. The Equipment Guarantors generated, before consolidation entries, €389.8 million of revenues, €79.9 million of operating income and €55.5 million of net income in the year ended December 31, 2008 and held €302.4 million of total assets before consolidation entries as at December 31, 2008.
		The Initial Guarantors represented 23% and 37% of consolidated revenues in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2009 and in the year ended December 31, 2008, respectively, and 87% of

		consolidated total assets as at both September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.
Ranking		The notes will be our senior unsecured obligations, ranking equally in right of payment with all our other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness, including our 71/2% Senior Notes due 2015 and our 73/4% Senior Notes due 2017, and senior in right of payment to all our existing and future subordinated indebtedness. The notes and the subsidiary guarantees will be effectively subordinated to all our secured obligations and all secured obligations of the subsidiaries that guarantee the notes, including any indebtedness under our senior facilities or under the French revolving facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral. In addition, the notes will be effectively subordinated to all current and future indebtedness and other obligations, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries that do not guarantee the notes. As at September 30, 2009, we had €632.4 million of outstanding indebtedness, including accrued interest, effectively senior to the notes, of which €616.2 million was secured. The indenture permits us and our subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness (including additional secured indebtedness), subject to certain conditions.
Optional Redemption		We may redeem all or a part of the notes at any time on or after May 15, 2013 at the redemption prices described in this prospectus. We may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes prior to May 15, 2012 using the proceeds of certain equity offerings. At any time prior to May 15, 2013, we may redeem all or part of the notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus the applicable premium described in this prospectus.
Change of Control		If we undergo a change of control, each holder may require us to repurchase all or a portion of the notes held by such holder at 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
Redemption for Changes in Tax Law		We will be required to pay additional amounts to the holders of the notes to compensate them for any amounts deducted from payments to them in respect of the notes on account of certain taxes and other governmental charges. If we become obligated to pay such additional amounts as a result of a change in law, the notes will be subject to redemption, in whole but not in part, at our option at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes.
Certain Covenants and Events of Default		The indenture governing the notes contains certain covenants and events of default that, among other things, limit our ability and that of certain of our subsidiaries to:
		•  incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue preferred shares;
		•  pay dividends or make other distributions;
		•  purchase equity interests or redeem subordinated indebtedness prior to its maturity;
		•  create or incur certain liens;

		•  create or incur restrictions on the ability to pay dividends or make other payments to us;
		•  enter into transactions with affiliates;
		•  issue or sell capital stock of subsidiaries;
		•  engage in sale-and-leaseback transactions; and
		•  sell assets or merge or consolidate with another company.
		All of these limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications. In addition, the starting dates for the calculation of the availability under the various “baskets” relating to restricted payments, indebtedness, liens and other covenants are the same as those under the indentures governing our existing senior notes, namely either January 1, 2005 or April 28, 2005 (depending on the particular basket). If at any time the notes receive ratings of BBB- or higher from Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Baa3 or higher from Moody’s Investors Services, Inc., and no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing, certain restrictions, covenants and events of default will cease to be applicable to the notes for so long as the notes maintain such ratings.

 

SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

		As at and for the nine								As at and for the
		months ended								year ended
		September 30,								December 31,
		2009				2008				2008				2007				2006				2005				2004
		(unaudited)				(unaudited)
		(in millions of euros except for per share data and ratios)
Statement of operations data:
Operating revenues			1,773.3				1,835.6				2,602.5				2,374.1				1,329.6				869.9				687.4
Other revenues from ordinary activities			6.7				0.7				1.7				1.2				1.8				1.9				0.4
Cost of operations			(1,320.6	)			(1,233.3	)			(1,722.5	)			(1,622.3	)			(890.0	)			(670.0	)			(554.0	)
Gross profit			419.4				603.0				881.7				753.0				441.4				201.8				133.8
Research and development expenses, net			(45.1	)			(35.5	)			(43.8	)			(51.3	)			(37.7	)			(31.1	)			(28.8	)
Selling, general and administrative expenses			(180.5	)			(182.5	)			(256.1	)			(231.0	)			(126.4	)			(91.2	)			(78.6	)
Other revenues (expenses), net			(69.3	)			9.2				(36.4	)			18.4				11.7				(4.4	)			19.3
Operating income			124.5				392.2				540.6				489.1				289.0				75.1				45.7
Cost of financial debt, net			(77.9	)			(59.8	)			(83.8	)			(109.1	)			(25.4	)			(42.3	)			(27.8	)
Variance on derivative on convertible bonds			—				—				—				—				(23.0	)			(11.5	)			(23.5	)
Other financial income (loss)			(9.9	)			(2.9	)			(11.5	)			(5.2	)			(8.8	)			(14.5	)			0.8
Income taxes			(5.0	)			(116.5	)			(108.3	)			(129.4	)			(83.2	)			(26.6	)			(10.9	)
Equity in income of investees			5.3				2.4				3.0				4.2				10.1				13.0				10.3
Net income (loss)			37.0				221.2				340.0				249.6				158.7				(6.8	)			(5.4	)
Attributable to minority interests			4.4				7.7				7.2				4.1				1.6				1.0				1.0
Attributable to shareholders			32.6				213.5				332.8				245.5				157.1				(7.8	)			(6.4	)
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic(1)			0.22				1.55				2.41				1.82				1.81				(0.13	)			(0.11	)
Diluted(2)			0.22				1.54				2.39				1.80				1.77				(0.13	)			(0.11	)

		As at and for the nine								As at and for the
		months ended								year ended
		September 30,								December 31,
		2009				2008				2008				2007				2006				2005				2004
		(unaudited)				(unaudited)
		(in millions of euros except for per share data and ratios)
Balance sheet data:
Cash and cash equivalents			559.5				317.5				516.9				254.3				251.8				112.4				130.6
Working capital(3)			386.2				476.7				458.0				367.1				210.4				154.1				116.4
Property, plant & equipment, net			752.1				644.6				822.4				660.0				455.2				480.1				204.1
Multi-client surveys, net			535.6				542.4				535.6				435.4				71.8				93.6				124.5
Goodwill			1,977.0				2,001.0				2,055.1				1,928.0				267.4				252.9				62.5
Total assets			5,281.5				5,013.6				5,634.2				4,647.0				1,782.1				1,565.1				971.2
Gross debt(4)			1,495.7				1,416.5				1,546.0				1,361.0				405.6				409.6				252.4
Shareholders’ equity			2,907.1				2,645.9				2,960.1				2,401.6				877.0				698.5				393.2
Other financial historical data and other ratios:
EBITDAS(5)			505.9				751.2				1,058.4				997.3				483.0				221.4				178.2
Capital expenditures (property, plant & equipment)(6)			152.9				118.8				155.4				230.5				149.3				125.1				49.8
Capital expenditures for multi-client surveys			191.8				283.4				343.4				371.4				61.5				32.0				51.1
Net debt(7)			936.2				1,099.0				1,029.1				1,106.7				153.8				297.2				121.8
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges			1.5	x			6.0	x			5.8	x			4.1	x			9.0	x			1.4	x			1.6	x

(1)		For the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, basic per share amounts have been calculated on the basis of 150,797,818 and 137,498,471 weighted average outstanding shares, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2008, basic per share amounts have been calculated on the basis of 137,910,388 weighted average outstanding shares. Basic per share amounts before 2008 have been restated in order to reflect our five for one stock split effective as of June 3, 2008 with the equivalent of 134,567,140 weighted average outstanding shares in 2007, 86,859,635 weighted average outstanding shares in 2006, 60,479,625 weighted average outstanding shares in 2005 and 58,407,030 weighted average outstanding shares in 2004.
(2)		For the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, diluted per share amounts have been calculated on the basis of 150,797,818 and 137,498,471 weighted average outstanding shares, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2008, diluted per share amounts have been calculated on the basis of 139,064,883 weighted average outstanding shares. Diluted per share amounts before 2008 have been restated in order to reflect our five for one stock split effective as of June 3, 2008 with the equivalent of 136,078,995 weighted average outstanding shares in 2007, 88,656,930 weighted average outstanding shares in 2006, 60,479,625 weighted average outstanding shares in 2005 and 58,407,030 weighted average outstanding shares in 2004.
(3)		“Working capital” is defined as net trade accounts and notes receivable, net inventories and work-in-progress, tax assets, other current assets and assets held for sale less trade accounts and notes payable, accrued payroll costs, income tax payable, advance billings to customers, deferred income, current provisions and other current liabilities.
(4)		“Gross debt” is defined as financial debt, including current maturities, capital leases, bank overdrafts and accrued interest.
(5)		“EBITDAS” is defined as earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortization and share-based compensation cost. Share-based compensation includes both stock options and shares issued under our share allocation plans. EBITDAS is presented as additional information because we understand that it is one measure used by certain investors to determine our operating cash flow and historical ability to meet debt service and capital expenditure requirements. However, other companies may present EBITDAS and similar measures differently than we do. EBITDAS is not a measure of financial performance under IFRS and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities or as a measure of liquidity or an alternative to net income as indicators of our operating performance or any other measures of performance derived in accordance with IFRS. See “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Liquidity and Capital Resources — EBITDAS” in our 2008 annual report and “Item 2: “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — EBITDAS” in our current report on Form 6-K submitted to the Commission on November 10, 2009, both incorporated by reference in this prospectus, for a reconciliation of EBITDAS to net cash provided by operating activities.
(6)		“Capital expenditures” is defined as purchases of property, plant and equipment plus equipment acquired under capital lease and suppliers of fixed assets.
(7)		“Net debt” is defined as bank overdrafts and financial debt including current portion (including capital lease debt) net of cash and cash equivalents. Net debt is presented as additional information because we understand that certain investors believes that netting cash against debt provides a clearer picture of the financial liability exposure. However, other companies may present net debt differently than we do. Net debt is not a measure of financial performance under IFRS and should not be considered as an alternative to any other measures of performance derived in accordance with IFRS. See “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Net Debt” in our 2008 annual report and “Item 2: “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Net Debt” in our current report on Form 6-K submitted to the Commission on November 10, 2009, both incorporated by reference in this prospectus, for a reconciliation of net debt to financing items of the CGGVeritas balance sheet.

 

An investment in the notes involves risks. Before investing in the notes, you should carefully consider the following risk factors and all information contained in this prospectus. Additional risks and uncertainties of which we are not aware or that we believe are immaterial may also adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations or prospects. If any of these events occur, our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations or prospects could be materially and adversely affected. If that happens, we may not be able to pay interest or principal on the notes when due and you could lose all or part of your investment.

 

Risks related to our business

 

The current economic and credit environment and lower oil and natural gas prices could have a continuing adverse effect on demand for certain of our products and services, our results of operations, our cash flows, our financial condition and our ability to borrow.

 

Commencing in late 2008 and continuing to the present, global market and economic conditions have been volatile and adverse. Concerns over energy costs, geopolitical issues, the availability and cost of credit, the mortgage markets and declining residential real estate markets have contributed to this increased volatility and diminished expectations for the global economy. These factors, combined with volatile oil prices, declining business and consumer confidence and increased unemployment, have precipitated a global recession. In the past, economic contractions have weakened demand and lowered prices for oil and natural gas, which has tended to reduce the levels of exploration for oil and natural gas. Historically, demand for our products and services has been sensitive to the level of exploration spending by oil and gas companies; the demand for our products and services will be reduced if the level of exploration expenditures is reduced. See “Risks related to our industry — The volume of our business depends on the level of capital expenditures by the oil and gas industry, and reductions in such expenditures may have a material adverse effect on our business”.

 

The current conditions in the credit and capital markets and the general slowdown of the global economy are likely to have a significant adverse impact on industrial and commercial performance and the solvency of many companies in general, which may affect some of our customers and suppliers. Interest rates have fluctuated recently, the cost of financing has increased and this increase will likely reduce our and our customers’ and suppliers’ profits and expected returns on investment. Given the current credit environment, particularly the tightening of the credit markets, there can be no assurance that our customers will be able to borrow money on a timely basis or on reasonable terms, which could have a negative impact on their demand for our products, lead to renegotiations or cancellations of customer orders and impair the ability of our customers to pay us for our products and services on a timely basis, or at all. Suppliers may also fail to provide goods and services as agreed. These developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

 

The recent turmoil in the credit markets and its potential impact on the liquidity of major financial institutions may also have an adverse effect on our ability to fund our business strategy through borrowings under either existing or new debt facilities in the public or private markets and on terms we believe to be reasonable. Continued weakness in the financial markets could have a material adverse effect on our ability to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness and to otherwise fund our operational requirements.

 

It is difficult to predict how long the current economic conditions will persist, whether they will deteriorate further, and which of our products and services will be adversely affected. We may have impairment losses as events or changes in circumstances occur which reduce the fair value of an asset below its carrying amount. As a result, these conditions could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations, and we may be subject to increased disputes and litigation because of these events and issues.

We are subject to risks related to our international operations that could harm our business and results of operations.

 

With operations worldwide, including in emerging markets, our business and results of operations are subject to various risks inherent in international operations. These risks include:

 

 

We are exposed to these risks in all of our foreign operations to some degree, and such exposure could be material to our financial condition and results of operations in emerging markets where the political and legal environment is less stable.

 

We cannot assure that we will not be subject to material adverse developments with respect to our international operations or that any insurance coverage we have will be adequate to compensate us for any losses arising from such risks.

 

Revenue generating activities in certain foreign countries may require prior United States government approval in the form of an export license and may otherwise be subject to tariffs and import/export restrictions. These laws can change over time and may result in limitations on our ability to compete globally. In addition, non-U.S. persons employed by our separately incorporated non-U.S. entities may conduct business in some foreign jurisdictions that are subject to U.S. trade embargoes and sanctions by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control. We have typically generated revenue in these countries through the performance of data processing and reservoir consulting services and the sale of software licenses and software maintenance. We have current and ongoing relationships with customers in these countries. We have procedures in place to conduct these operations in compliance with applicable U.S. laws. However, failure to comply with U.S. laws on equipment and services exports could result in material fines and penalties and/or damage to our reputation. In addition, our presence in these countries could reduce demand for our securities among certain investors.

 

We and certain of our subsidiaries and affiliated entities also conduct business in countries that experience government corruption. We are committed to doing business in accordance with all applicable laws and our codes of ethics, but there is a risk that we, our subsidiaries or affiliated entities or their respective officers, directors, employees or agents may act in violation of applicable laws, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977. Any such violations could result in substantial civil and/or criminal penalties and might materially adversely affect our business and results of operations or financial condition.

 

We are subject to certain risks related to acquisitions, including the merger with Veritas, and these risks may materially adversely affect our revenues, expenses, operating results and financial condition.

 

In the past we have grown by acquisitions, some of which, such as the merger with Veritas in 2007 or the Wavefield acquisition in December 2008, were quite significant. Such operations, whether completed, pending or likely to be completed in the future, present various financial and management-related risks that can be material, such as integration of the acquired businesses in a cost-effective manner; implementation of a combined business strategy; diversion of CGGVeritas management’s attention; outstanding or unforeseen legal, regulatory, contractual, labor or other issues arising from the acquisitions; additional capital expenditure requirements; retention of customers; combination of different company and management cultures; operations in new geographic markets; the need for more extensive management coordination; and retention, hiring and training of key personnel. Should any of these risks associated with acquisitions materialize, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

More particularly, the merger with Veritas involved the integration of two companies, CGG and Veritas, that had previously operated independently and as competitors. Achieving the anticipated long-term benefits of the merger depends in particular on achieving the initially-anticipated cost synergies, the redeployment of both

companies’ respective support resources and the combination and integration of their significant global activities. There can be no assurance that these objectives are being achieved or will be achieved successfully.

 

We may need to write down goodwill from our balance sheet.

 

We have been involved in a number of business combinations in the past, leading to the recognition of large amounts of goodwill on our balance sheet. Goodwill totaled €1,977.0 million on our balance sheet as at September 30, 2009 and €2,055.1 million on our balance sheet as at December 31, 2008. Goodwill is allocated to cash generating units (“CGUs”) (as described in note 11 to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008 incorporated by reference in this prospectus). The recoverable amount of a CGU is estimated at each balance sheet date and is generally determined on the basis of a group-wide estimate of future cash flows expected from the CGU in question. The estimate takes into account the possibility of significant underperformance in cash generation relative to previously-expected results, which may arise, for example, from the underperformance of certain assets, the decommissioning or coldstacking of vessels or a change or deterioration in the industry conditions and/or the economic environment. On this basis, at each balance sheet date, if we expect that a CGU’s recoverable amount will fall below the amount of goodwill recorded on the balance sheet due to substantial underperformance, we may write down that goodwill in part or in whole. Such a write-down would not in itself have an impact on cash flow, but could have a substantial negative impact on our operating income and net income, and as a result, on our shareholders’ equity and net debt/equity ratio.

 

We invest significant amounts of money in acquiring and processing seismic data for multi-client surveys and for our data library without knowing precisely how much of the data we will be able to sell or when and at what price we will be able to sell the data.

 

We invest significant amounts of money in acquiring and processing seismic data that we own. By making such investments, we are exposed to the following risks:

 

 

Our results of operations may be significantly affected by currency fluctuations.

 

We derive a substantial amount of our revenues from international sales, subjecting us to risks relating to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Our revenues and expenses are mainly denominated in U.S. dollar and euro, and to a significantly lesser extent, in Canadian dollar, Brazilian real, Australian dollar, British pound and the Norwegian kroner. Historically, a significant portion of our revenues that were invoiced in euros related to contracts that were effectively priced in U.S. dollars, as the U.S. dollar often serves as the reference currency when bidding for contracts to provide geophysical services.

 

Fluctuations in the exchange rate of the euro against such other currencies, particularly the U.S. dollar, have had in the past and will have in the future a significant effect upon our results of operations, which are reported in euros. The merger with Veritas very significantly increased both the dollar-denominated revenues and expenses of the Group, as Veritas’s revenues and expenses were historically denominated largely in U.S. dollars. Thus, for financial reporting purposes, depreciation of the U.S. dollar against the euro will negatively affect our reported

results of operations since U.S. dollar-denominated earnings that are converted to euros are stated at a decreased value. Moreover, and in addition to the impact of the conversion of the U.S. dollar at a decreased value, since we participate in competitive bids for data acquisition contracts that are denominated in U.S. dollars, the depreciation of the U.S. dollar against the euro harms our competitive position against companies whose costs and expenses are denominated to a greater extent in U.S. dollars. While we attempt to reduce the risks associated with such exchange rate fluctuations through our hedging policy, we cannot assure that we will maintain our profitability level or that fluctuations in the values of the currencies in which we operate will not materially adversely affect our future results of operations. As of the date of this prospectus, our annual fixed expenses in euros are equal to approximately €500 million and as a consequence, an unfavorable variation of $0.10 in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the euro would reduce our operating income by approximately $50 million.

 

The following table shows our exchange rate exposure as of September 30, 2009.

 

 

Our net foreign-exchange exposure is principally to the U.S. dollar and currencies pegged to the U.S. dollar. We seek to reduce our foreign-exchange position by selling our future receivables as soon as they enter the backlog and taking out dollar-denominated loans supported by long-term assets. Although we attempt to reduce the risks associated with exchange rate fluctuations, we cannot assure that fluctuations in the values of the currencies in which we operate will not materially adversely affect our future results of operations.

 

As a result of our compliance with IAS 12 (Income Taxes), our results of operation are also exposed to the effect of exchange rate variations on our deferred tax amounts when the functional currency for an entity that owns an asset is not the same as the currency used for taxation purposes. This is the case for several Norwegian subsidiaries that own offshore assets (vessels and equipment) for which the functional currency is the U.S. dollar, whereas the taxable currency is the Norwegian kroner. We estimate that as of the date of this prospectus, a decrease of NOK 1 in the value of the Norwegian kroner relative to the U.S. dollar would increase our deferred tax liability by approximately $7 million.

 

Our working capital needs are difficult to forecast and may vary significantly, which could result in additional financing requirements that we may not be able to meet on satisfactory terms, or at all.

 

It is difficult for us to predict with certainty our working capital needs. This difficulty is due primarily to working capital requirements related to the marine seismic acquisition business and related to the development and introduction of new lines of geophysical equipment products. For example, under specific circumstances, we may have to extend the length of payment terms we grant to customers (and have recently done so) or may increase our inventories substantially. We may therefore be subject to significant and rapid increases in our working capital needs that we may have difficulty financing on satisfactory terms, or at all, due notably to limitations in our debt agreements.

 

Technological changes and new products and services are frequently introduced in the market, and our technology could be rendered obsolete by these introductions, or we may not be able to develop and produce new and enhanced products on a cost-effective and timely basis.

 

Technology changes rapidly in the seismic industry, and new and enhanced products are frequently introduced in the market for our products and services, particularly in our equipment manufacturing and data processing and geosciences sectors. Our success depends to a significant extent upon our ability to develop and produce new and enhanced products and services on a cost-effective and timely basis in accordance with industry demands. While we commit substantial resources to research and development, we may encounter resource constraints or technical or other difficulties that could delay the introduction of new and enhanced products and services in the future. In

addition, the continuing development of new products risks making our older products obsolete. New and enhanced products and services, if introduced, may not gain market acceptance and may be materially adversely affected by technological changes or product or service introductions by one of our competitors.

 

The nature of our business subjects us to significant ongoing operating risks for which we may not have adequate insurance or for which we may not be able to procure adequate insurance on acceptable terms, if at all.

 

Our seismic data acquisition activities, particularly in deepwater marine areas, are often conducted under harsh weather and other hazardous operating conditions. These operations are subject to risks of loss to property and injury to personnel from fires, accidental explosions, ice floes and high seas. These types of events could result in loss from business interruption, delay, equipment destruction or other liability. We carry insurance against the destruction of or damage to our seismic equipment and against business interruption for our data processing activities in amounts we consider appropriate in accordance with industry practice. However, our insurance coverage may not be adequate in all circumstances or against all hazards, and we may not be able to maintain adequate insurance coverage in the future at commercially reasonable rates or on acceptable terms.

 

We depend on proprietary technology and are exposed to risks associated with the misappropriation or infringement of that technology.

 

Our results of operations depend in part upon our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of patents, trademarks and trade secret laws to establish and protect our proprietary technology. We currently hold or have applied for approximately 160 patents in various countries for products and processes. These patents last between four and twenty years, depending on the date of filing and the protection accorded by each country. In addition, we enter into confidentiality and license agreements with our employees, customers and potential customers that limit access to and distribution of our technology. However, actions that we take to protect our proprietary rights may not be adequate to deter the misappropriation or independent third-party development of our technology. Although we are not currently involved in any material litigation regarding our intellectual property rights or the possible infringement of intellectual property rights of others, such litigation may be brought in the future. In addition, the laws of certain foreign countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent as either the laws of France or the laws of the United States, which may limit our ability to pursue third parties that misappropriate our proprietary technology.

 

Our failure to attract and retain qualified employees may materially adversely affect our future business and operations.

 

Our future results of operations will depend in part upon our ability to retain our existing highly skilled and qualified employees and to attract new employees. A number of our employees are highly skilled scientists and technicians.

 

We compete with other seismic products and services companies and, to a lesser extent, companies in the oil industry for skilled geophysical and seismic personnel, particularly in times when demand for seismic services is relatively high. A limited number of such skilled personnel is available, and demand from other companies may limit our ability to fill its human resources needs. If we are unable to hire, train and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees, this could impair our ability to compete in the geophysical services industry and to develop and protect our know-how. Our success also depends to a significant extent upon the abilities and efforts of members of our senior management, the loss of whom could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 

CGG has had losses in the past and there is no assurance of our profitability for the future.

 

CGG recorded net shareholders’ losses in 2004 and 2005 of €6.4 million and €7.8 million, respectively, although excluding the accounting impact under IFRS of our 7.75% subordinated convertible bonds due 2012 denominated in U.S. dollars, our net income would have been positive. We cannot assure you that we will be profitable in future periods.

Risks related to our industry:

 

The volume of our business depends on the level of capital expenditures by the oil and gas industry, and reductions in such expenditures may have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

Demand for our products and services has historically been dependent upon the level of capital expenditures by oil and gas companies for exploration, production and development activities. These expenditures are significantly influenced by oil and gas prices and by expectations regarding future oil and gas prices. Oil and gas prices may fluctuate based on relatively minor changes in the supply of and demand for oil and gas, expectations regarding future supply of and demand for oil and gas and certain other factors beyond our control. Lower or volatile oil and gas prices tend to limit the demand for seismic services and products.

 

Factors affecting the prices of oil and gas include:

 

 

We believe that the current crisis in the credit markets, the general slowdown of the global economy, global geopolitical uncertainty, the rapid decrease in the price of oil price to near $40 per barrel as of March 2, 2009, and approximately $78 per barrel as of November 11, 2009, far from its record peak of $145 per barrel as of July 3, 2008, as well as the decrease in gas prices in North America, could cause hydrocarbon companies to suddenly delay or cancel some of their development projects and, as a consequence, reduce their need for seismic services. We have already experienced decreased demand for seismic products and services in the first nine months 2009 as a result of such conditions. The markets for oil and gas historically have been volatile and are likely to continue to be so in the future. Given these uncertainties, we cannot predict future demand for seismic services and products.

 

Our backlog includes contracts that can be unilaterally terminated at the client’s option.

 

In accordance with industry practice, contracts for the provision of seismic services typically can be canceled at the sole option of the oil or gas client without payment of significant cancellation costs to the service provider. As a result, even if contracts are not recorded in backlog unless they represent a firm commitment by the client, there can be no assurance that such contracts will be wholly executed by us and generate actual revenue, or even that the total costs already incurred by us in connection with the contract would be covered in full by any cancellation clause.

 

We are subject to intense competition in the markets where we carry out our operations, which could limit our ability to maintain or increase our market share or to maintain our prices at profitable levels.

 

Most of our contracts are obtained through a competitive bidding process, which is standard for the seismic services industry in which we operate. Competitive factors in recent years have included price, crew availability, technological expertise and reputation for quality, safety and dependability. While no single company competes with us in all of our segments, we are subject to intense competition in each of our segments. We compete with large, international companies as well as smaller, local companies. In addition, we compete with major service providers and government-sponsored enterprises and affiliates. Some of our competitors operate more data acquisition crews than we do and have greater financial and other resources. These and other competitors may be better positioned to withstand and adjust more quickly to volatile market conditions, such as fluctuations in oil and gas prices and production levels, as well as changes in government regulations. In addition, if geophysical service competitors

increase their capacity (or do not reduce capacity if demand decreases), the excess supply in the seismic services market could apply downward pressure on prices. We believe that following the decline in oil prices in the second half of 2008 and its slow recovery in 2009 to date and the current economic downturn, demand in seismic services has significantly decreased, which, together with the increase in the global fleet in recent years, has led to over-capacity in the offshore acquisition market and consequent downward pressure on prices. The negative effects of the competitive environment in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

 

Our fleet of vessels may be subject to temporary or permanent measures to reduce capacity as a result of conditions in the seismic market.

 

Following our acquisition of Wavefield, we operated a fleet of 27 vessels composed of 13 large-capacity vessels with eight to 14 streamers, seven medium-capacity vessels with four to six streamers and seven smaller 3D/2D vessels. In response to decreased demand for marine surveys in the current market, we implemented a restructuring plan in June 2009 to downsize our offshore fleet to 20 vessels. We now own three 3D vessels and two 3D/2D vessels, hold purchase options on three 3D vessels, and operate the 11 other 3D vessels and four other 3D/2D vessels under time charters running from one to seven years, with a weighted average term of five years. The restructuring plan will result in the de-rigging of seven seismic vessels (three 3D vessels (the Harmattan, the Fohn and the Orion) and two 2D vessel in 2009 and two 2D vessels in 2010) and in redundancies. The cost of the restructuring plan is approximately €65 million, of which €37.5 million represents the write-down of vessels and related assets and de-rigging expenses.

 

In addition, we have a twelve-year time-charter agreement with Eidesvik Offshore for the supply of two newly-built, large-capacity seismic vessels, under which we will pay the owner and manager of the vessels approximately $500 million ratably over the term of the lease. The two vessels were originally scheduled to be delivered in 2010. We have agreed with Eidesvik Offshore to amend the arrangement to provide for the delivery of the first vessel in June 2010 and the delivery of the second vessel in September 2011.

 

Reductions in vessel capacity may decrease our ability to generate revenues or to maintain market share, particularly if demand for offshore services increases. Alternatively, economic conditions in the seismic market could lead us to further reduce our marine acquisition capacity, either permanently, by decommissioning the oldest vessels in our fleet, or temporarily, by ceasing to use of certain vessels for a period. Any decommissioning or retirement of our vessels would result in additional costs, including possible payments to the vessels’ owners or managers and employee termination costs. We could also enter into joint venture arrangements with third parties with respect to certain of our vessels, which would require us to share with such third parties the revenue to be generated by those vessels.

 

We have high levels of fixed costs that are incurred regardless of our level of business activity.

 

We have high fixed costs and data acquisition activities that require substantial capital expenditures. As a result, downtime or low productivity due to reduced demand, weather interruptions, equipment failures or other causes could result in significant operating losses.

 

The revenues we derive from land and marine seismic data acquisition vary significantly during the year.

 

Our land and marine seismic data acquisition revenues are partially seasonal in nature. The offshore data acquisition business is, by its nature, exposed to unproductive interim periods due to necessary repairs or transit time from one operational zone to another during which revenue is usually not recognized. Other factors that cause variations from quarter to quarter include the effects of weather conditions in a given operating area, the internal budgeting process of some important clients relative to their exploration expenses, and the time needed to mobilize production means and/or obtain the administrative authorizations necessary to commence data acquisition contracts.

 

Our business is subject to governmental regulation, which may adversely affect our future operations.

 

Our operations are subject to a variety of federal, provincial, state, foreign and local laws and regulations, including environmental, health and safety and labor laws. We invest financial and managerial resources to comply

with these laws and related permit requirements. Our failure to do so could result in fines or penalties, enforcement actions, claims for personal injury or property damages, or obligations to investigate and/or remediate contamination. Failure to obtain the required permits on a timely basis may also prevent us from operating in some cases, resulting in crew downtime and operating losses. Moreover, if applicable laws and regulations, including environmental, health and safety requirements, or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, become more stringent in the future, we could incur capital or operating costs beyond those currently anticipated. The adoption of laws and regulations that directly or indirectly curtail exploration by oil and gas companies could also materially adversely affect our operations by reducing the demand for our geophysical products and services.

 

Risks related to our indebtedness

 

Our substantial debt could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations.

 

We have a significant amount of debt. As at September 30, 2009, our net debt, total assets and shareholders’ equity were €936.2 million, €5,281.5 million and €2,907.1 million, respectively. As at December 31, 2008, our net debt, total assets and shareholders’ equity were €1,029.1 million, €5,634.2 million and €2,960.1 million, respectively. We cannot assure you that we will be able to generate sufficient cash to service our debt or sufficient earnings to cover fixed charges in future years.

 

Our substantial debt could have important consequences. In particular, it could:

 

 

Our debt agreements contain restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to respond to changes in market conditions or pursue business opportunities.

 

The indentures governing the notes offered hereby, our existing 71/2% Senior Notes due 2015 and 73/4% Senior Notes due 2017 (hereinafter the “Senior Notes”) and the agreements governing our credit facilities (including our senior credit facilities dated January 12, 2007 (hereinafter the “senior facilities”) and our French revolving facility dated February 7, 2007 (hereinafter the “French revolving facility”)) contain, or will contain, restrictive covenants that limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to, among other things:

 

 

These limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. In addition, the starting dates for the calculation of the availability under the various “baskets” relating to restricted payments, indebtedness, liens and other covenants in the notes offered hereby are the same as those under the indentures governing our existing senior notes, namely either January 1, 2005 or April 28, 2005 (depending on the particular basket).

 

Complying with the restrictions contained in some of these covenants requires us to meet certain ratios and tests, notably the maximum ratio of total net debt to EBITDA, the minimum ratio of EBITDA to total interest costs and the maximum amount of capital expenditures included in our senior facilities. The requirement that we comply with these provisions may materially adversely affect our ability to react to changes in market conditions, take advantage of business opportunities we believe to be desirable, obtain future financing, fund needed capital expenditures, or withstand a continuing or future downturn in our business.

 

If we are unable to comply with the restrictions and covenants in the indentures governing our Senior Notes, senior facilities agreement, the French revolving facility agreement and other current and future debt agreements, there could be a default under the terms of these indentures and agreements, which could result in an acceleration of repayment.

 

If we are unable to comply with the restrictions and covenants in the indentures governing our Senior Notes or in other current or future debt agreements, including the senior facilities agreement and the French revolving facility agreement, there could be a default under the terms of these indentures and agreements. Our ability to comply with these restrictions and covenants, including meeting financial ratios and tests, may be affected by events beyond our control. As a result, we cannot assure that we will be able to comply with these restrictions and covenants or meet such financial ratios and tests. In the event of a default under these agreements, lenders could terminate their commitments to lend or accelerate the loans and declare all amounts borrowed due and payable. Borrowings under other debt instruments that contain cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions may also be accelerated and become due and payable. If any of these events occur, our assets might not be sufficient to repay in full all of our outstanding indebtedness and we may be unable to find alternative financing. Even if we could obtain alternative financing, it might not be on terms that are favorable or acceptable to us.

 

We and our subsidiaries may incur substantially more debt.

 

We and our subsidiaries may incur substantial additional debt (including secured debt) in the future. The terms of the indentures governing our Senior Notes, the senior facilities agreement, the French revolving facility agreement and our other existing senior indebtedness limit, but do not prohibit, us and our subsidiaries from doing so. As at September 30, 2009, we had drawn €35.7 million under our existing credit facilities. The Group also benefited at such date from other long-term confirmed and undrawn credit lines amounting to €156.8 million.

 

If new debt is added to our current debt levels, the related risks for us could intensify.

 

To service our indebtedness, we require a significant amount of cash, and our ability to generate cash will depend on many factors beyond our control.

 

Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness, and to fund planned capital expenditures depends in part on our ability to generate cash in the future. This ability is, to a certain extent, subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.

 

We cannot assure that we will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, that we will realize operating improvements on schedule or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to service and repay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. If we are unable to satisfy our debt obligations, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans, such as refinancing or restructuring our indebtedness, selling assets, reducing or delaying capital investments or seeking to raise additional capital. We cannot assure that any refinancing or debt restructuring would be possible, that any assets could be sold or that, if sold, the timing of the sales and the amount of proceeds realized from those sales would be favorable to us or that additional financing could be obtained on acceptable terms. Disruptions in the capital and credit markets, as have been experienced during 2008 and 2009 to date, could adversely affect our ability to meet our liquidity needs or to refinance our indebtedness, including our ability to draw on our existing credit facilities or enter into new credit

facilities. Banks that are party to our existing credit facilities may not be able to meet their funding commitments to us if they experience shortages of capital and liquidity or if they experience excessive volumes of borrowing requests from us and other borrowers within a short period of time.

 

Increases in interest rates could adversely affect our results of operations.

 

We may have to subscribe part of our borrowings with financial institutions at variable interest rates depending upon the duration of the drawing periods, which can range from one to 60 months. As a result, interest expenses vary in line with movements in short-term interest rates. In particular, our senior credit facilities are subject to interest based on U.S. dollar LIBOR. As a result, our interest expenses may increase significantly if short-term interest rates increase. Each 50 basis point increase in the U.S. dollar LIBOR would increase our interest expense by $3 million per year.

 

However, this risk is mitigated by the fact that a large proportion of our debt consists of fixed-rate bonds, along with some fixed-rate finance leases and fixed-rate medium-term bank credit facilities with variable maturities.

 

The following table shows our variable interest rate exposure by maturity as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

 

 

 

 

Notes:

 

 

As of September 30, 2009, our variable-rate assets (net of liabilities) due in less than one year totaled €331.4 million.

 

Risks Related to the Notes

 

Your right to receive payments on the notes is effectively junior to most of our existing indebtedness and possibly all of our future borrowings.

 

The notes effectively rank behind all of our secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of assets which secure such indebtedness, including borrowings under our term loan B facility and U.S. revolving facility and any borrowings under our French revolving facility. In the event of any foreclosure, dissolution, winding-up, liquidation, reorganization, administration or other bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding of an entity that has secured obligations, holders of secured indebtedness will have prior claims to our assets or the relevant guarantor’s assets that constitute their collateral.

 

Only certain of our subsidiaries will initially guarantee the notes. Our other subsidiaries have no obligation to pay amounts due on the notes and will not initially guarantee the notes. As a result, the notes are structurally

subordinated to existing and future third party indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, of those non-guarantor subsidiaries. The Initial Guarantors generated, before consolidation entries, €400.6 million of revenue, €56.5 million of operating income and €41.4 million of net income in the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and held €4,613.3 million of total assets (before consolidation entries) as at September 30, 2009. The Initial Guarantors (excluding their subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the notes) generated, before consolidation entries, €975.0 million of revenue, €264.8 million of operating income and €145.2 million of net income in the year ended December 31, 2008 and held €4,876.0 million of total assets (before consolidation entries) as at December 31, 2008. The Initial Guarantors represented 23% and 37% of consolidated revenues in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2009 and in the year ended December 31, 2008, respectively, and 87% of consolidated total assets as at both September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

 

In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization or similar proceeding relating to us, our subsidiaries or our respective properties, holders of the notes will participate with our trade creditors and all other holders of our senior unsecured indebtedness in the assets remaining. In any of these cases, we may not have sufficient funds to pay all of our creditors, and holders of the notes may receive less, ratably, than the holders of secured debt.

 

As at September 30, 2009, we had €632.4 million of outstanding indebtedness, including accrued interest, effectively senior to the notes, of which €616.2 million was secured.

 

We will rely in part on our subsidiaries for funds necessary to meet our financial obligations, including the notes.

 

We conduct a significant proportion of our activities through our subsidiaries. We will depend in part on those subsidiaries for dividends and other payments to generate the funds necessary to meet our financial obligations, including the payment of principal and interest on the notes. We cannot assure you that the earnings from, or other available assets of, these operating subsidiaries, together with our own operations, will be sufficient to enable us to pay principal or interest on the notes when due.

 

Although the occurrence of specific change of control events affecting us will permit you to require us to repurchase your notes, we may not be able to repurchase your notes.

 

Upon the occurrence of specific change of control events affecting us, you will have the right to require us to repurchase your notes at 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Our ability to repurchase your notes upon such a change of control event would be limited by our access to funds at the time of the repurchase and the terms of our debt agreements, which agreements could restrict or prohibit such a repurchase. Upon a change of control event, we may be required immediately to repay the outstanding principal, any accrued interest on and any other amounts owed by us under our senior facilities and our French revolving facility. The source of funds for these repayments would be our available cash or cash generated from other sources. However, we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient funds available upon a change of control to make these repayments and any required repurchases of tendered notes.

 

French insolvency laws may not be as favorable to you as the insolvency laws of the United States or other countries.

 

We conduct a part of our business activity in France and, to the extent that the center of our main interests is deemed to be in France, we could be subject to French insolvency proceedings affecting creditors, including court-assisted pre-insolvency proceedings (mandat ad hoc proceedings or conciliation proceedings (procédure de conciliation)), court-controlled insolvency proceedings (safeguard proceedings (procédure de sauvegarde) and reorganization or liquidation proceedings (redressement ou liquidation judiciaire)). In general, French insolvency legislation favors the continuation of a business and protection of employment over the payment of creditors and could limit your ability to enforce your rights under the notes. The following is a general discussion of insolvency proceedings governed by French law for informational purposes only and does not address all the French legal considerations that may be relevant to holders of the notes.

Grace periods

 

In addition to insolvency laws discussed below, you could, like any other creditor, be subject to Article 1244-1 of the French Civil Code (Code civil).

 

Pursuant to the provisions of this article, French courts may, in any civil proceeding involving the debtor, defer or otherwise reschedule over a maximum period of two years the payment dates of payment obligations and decide that any amounts, the payment date of which is thus deferred or rescheduled, will bear interest at a rate that is lower than the contractual rate (but not lower than the legal rate) or that payments made shall first be allocated to repayment of principal. A court order made under Article 1244-1 of the Code civil will suspend any pending enforcement measures, and any contractual interest or penalty for late payment will not accrue or be due during the period ordered by court.

 

Court-assisted pre-insolvency proceedings

 

Pre-insolvency proceedings may only be initiated by the debtor company itself, in its sole discretion, provided that it experiences or anticipates legal, economic or financial difficulties (i) while still being able to pay its debts as they fall due out of its available assets (i.e. the company is not in cessation des paiements) in case of mandat ad hoc or conciliation proceedings, or (ii) while being in cessation des paiements for less than 45 days in case of conciliation proceedings only.

 

Mandat ad hoc and conciliation proceedings are informal proceedings carried out under the supervision of the president of the court. The competent court will appoint a trustee (as the case may be, a mandataire ad hoc or a conciliateur) in order to help it reach an agreement with its creditors in particular by reducing or rescheduling its indebtedness. The debtor may propose, in the filing for the commencement of the proceedings, the appointment of a particular person as trustee. Such proceedings are non-binding since the court-appointed trustee has no power to force the parties to accept a deal.

 

Mandat ad hoc proceedings.  Such proceedings are confidential. The agreement reached by the parties (if any) will be reviewed by the court but, unlike in conciliation proceedings, French law does not provide for specific consequences attached to such review.

 

Conciliation proceedings.  If an agreement is reached among the parties in the context of conciliation proceedings, it may be either recognized (constaté) by the president of the court or, at the request of the debtor (and provided that certain conditions are satisfied), sanctioned (homologué) by the court.

 

While recognition (constatation) of the agreement by the president of the court does not entail any specific consequences, other than to render the agreement immediately enforceable and binding upon the parties thereto, sanction (homologation) by the court has the following consequences:

 

 

Court-controlled insolvency proceedings

 

The following French insolvency proceedings may be initiated by or against a company in France:

 

 

The proceedings may be initiated before the relevant court:

 

 

While a company does not have an obligation to apply for safeguard proceedings, it is required to petition for the opening of judicial reorganization or judicial liquidation proceedings within 45 days of becoming unable to pay its due debt out of its available assets. If it does not, and has not petitioned the relevant court for the opening of such proceedings or is not in conciliation proceedings, directors and, as the case may be, de facto managers of the company, are subject to civil liability.

 

A court-appointed administrator, whose name can be suggested by the debtor, investigates the business of the company during an initial observation period, which may last for up to 12 months (plus an additional six months under exceptional circumstances). In safeguard proceedings, the administrator’s mission is limited to either supervising the debtor’s management or primarily assisting it in preparing a safeguard plan of the company. In judicial reorganization proceedings, the administrator’s mission is usually to assist the management and to make proposals for the reorganization of the company, which proposals may include the sale of all or part of the company’s business to a third party. At any time during this observation period, the court can order the liquidation of the company if its rescue has become manifestly impossible.

 

Creditors’ committees and adoption of the safeguard or reorganization plan.  In the case of large companies (with more than 150 employees or turnover greater than €20 million), two creditors’ committees (one for credit institutions having a claim against the debtor and the other for suppliers having a claim that represents more than 3% of the total amount of the claims of all the debtor’s suppliers) have to be established. To be eligible to vote, claims must be notified by the debtor to the administrator and certified by the debtor’s statutory auditors.

 

If there are any outstanding debt securities in the form of “obligations” (such as bonds or notes), a general meeting gathering all holders of such debt securities will be established whether or not there are different issuances and no matter what the applicable law of those “obligations” is (the “bondholders general meeting”). The notes offered hereby constitute “obligations” for purposes of a safeguard or reorganization proceeding.

 

These committees and the bondholders’ general meeting will be consulted on the safeguard or reorganization plan drafted by the debtor’s management during the observation period.

 

In the first instance, the plan must be approved by each of the two creditors’ committees. Each committee must announce whether its members approve or reject such plan within 30 days of its proposal by the company. Such approval requires the affirmative vote of the majority of the creditors holding at least two-thirds of the amounts of the claims held by members of such committee that participated in such vote.

 

Following the approval of the plan by the two creditors’ committees, the plan will be submitted for approval to the bondholders’ general meeting. The approval of the plan at such meeting requires the affirmative vote of the majority of bondholders representing at least two-thirds of the principal amount of the obligations held by creditors who voted in the bondholders’ general meeting.

 

Following approval by the creditors’ committees and the bondholders’ general meeting, the plan has to be approved by the relevant court. In considering such approval, the court has to verify that the interests of all creditors are sufficiently protected. Once approved by the relevant court, the safeguard or reorganization plan accepted by the committees and the bondholders’ general meeting will be binding on all the members of the committees and all bondholders (including those who voted against the adoption of the plan). A safeguard or reorganization plan may include debt deferrals, debt write-offs as well as debt-to-equity swaps.

 

With respect to creditors who are not members of the committees, in the event no committees are established, or in the event any of the committees or the bondholders’ general meeting has refused to give its consent to the plan, the plan will not be approved by the court and the procedure relating to the consultation of the creditors will be re-implemented. In those circumstances, the court has the right to accept or reduce debt deferrals or write-offs with

respect to the claims of creditors who have consented to such measures, but it may only impose uniform debt deferrals (with interest) for a maximum period of 10 years with respect to the claims of non-consenting creditors.

 

The “hardening period” (période suspecte) in judicial reorganization and liquidation proceedings The date when the debtor becomes unable to pay its due debts is deemed to be the date of the court decision commencing the judicial reorganization or judicial liquidation proceedings. However, in the decision commencing judicial reorganization or liquidation proceedings or in a subsequent decision, a court may decide that the date when the debtor became unable to pay its debts be deemed to be an earlier date of up to 18 months prior to the court decision commencing the proceedings. The date when the debtor became in cessation des paiements is important because it marks the beginning of the “hardening period” (période suspecte). Certain transactions entered into by the debtor during the suspect period are, by law, void or voidable.

 

Void transactions include transactions or payments entered into during the suspect period that may constitute voluntary preferences for the benefit of some creditors to the detriment of other creditors. These include transfers of assets for no consideration, contracts under which the reciprocal obligations of the debtor significantly exceed those of the other party, payments of debts not due at the time of payment, payments made in a manner which is not commonly used in the ordinary course of business, security granted for debts previously incurred, and provisional measures, unless the right of attachment or seizure predates the date of suspension of payments and share options granted or sold during the suspect period.

 

Voidable transactions include (i) transactions entered into, (ii) payments made when due or (iii) certain provisional and final attachment measures taken, in each case, if such actions are taken after the debtor was in cessation of payments and the party dealing with the debtor knew that the debtor was in cessation of payments at the time. Transactions relating to the transfer of assets for no consideration are also voidable when carried out during the six-month period prior to the beginning of the hardening period.

 

Status of creditors during safeguard, judicial reorganization or judicial liquidation proceedings.  As a general rule, creditors domiciled in France whose debts arose prior to the commencement of insolvency proceedings must file a proof of claim (déclaration de créances) with the creditors’ representative within two months of the publication of the court decision in the Bulletin Officiel des annonces civiles et commerciales; this period is extended to four months for creditors domiciled outside France. Creditors who have not submitted their claims during the relevant period are, except with respect to very limited exceptions, precluded from receiving distributions made in connection with the insolvency proceedings. Employees are not subject to such limitations and are preferential creditors under French law.

 

From the date of the court decision commencing the insolvency proceedings, the debtor is prohibited from paying debts outstanding prior to this date, subject to specified exceptions which essentially cover the set-off of related debts and payments, authorized by the bankruptcy judge or made to recover assets for which recovery is justified by the continued operation of the business. During this period, creditors are prevented from initiating any individual legal action against the debtor with respect to any claim arising prior to the court decision commencing the insolvency proceedings if the objective of such legal action is:

 

 

They are also barred from taking any action against the debtor, including enforcing security interests.

 

Contractual provisions such as those contained in the indenture that would accelerate the payment of the debtor’s obligations upon the occurrence of certain insolvency events are not enforceable under French law. The opening of liquidation proceedings does, however, automatically accelerate the maturity of all of the debtor’s obligations, unless the court allows the business to continue for a period of no more than three months (renewable once) if it considers that a sale of part or all of the business is possible. In this case, the debtor’s obligations are deemed mature on the day the court approves the sale of the business.

 

The administrator may also terminate or, provided that the debtor fully performs its post-petition contractual obligations, continue on-going contracts.

If the court adopts a safeguard plan or a reorganization plan, claims of creditors included in the plan will be paid according to the terms of the plan. The court can also set a time period during which the assets that it deems to be essential to the continued business of the debtor may not be sold without its consent.

 

If the court adopts a plan for the sale of the business (plan de cession), the proceeds of the sale will be allocated for the repayment of the creditors according to the ranking of the claims. If the court decides to order the judicial liquidation of the debtor, the court will appoint a liquidator in charge of selling the assets of the company and settling the relevant debts in accordance with their ranking.

 

French insolvency law assigns priority to the payment of certain preferential creditors, including employees, officials appointed by the insolvency court, creditors who, as part of the sanctioned conciliation agreement, have provided new money or goods or services, post-petition creditors, certain secured creditors essentially in the event of liquidation proceedings and the French Treasury.

 

Courts, under certain circumstances, may void the guarantees of the notes provided by certain of our subsidiaries.

 

Our creditors or the creditors of one or more guarantors of the notes or a liquidator, administrator or other controller appointed to a guarantor could challenge the guarantees as fraudulent transfers, conveyances, preferences, insolvent transactions or uncommercial transactions or on other grounds (including because of the absence of a corporate benefit to the guarantor or due to financial assistance principles) under applicable U.S. federal or state law, applicable Canadian federal or provincial law, applicable Australian law, applicable Norwegian law or the applicable law governing the country of incorporation of any future guarantors. While the relevant laws vary from one jurisdiction to another, the entering into the guarantees by certain of our subsidiaries could be found to be a fraudulent transfer, conveyance, preference, insolvent transaction or uncommercial transaction or otherwise void or unenforceable if a court were to determine that, for example, one or more of the following apply to the provision of the guarantee:

 

 

To the extent a court voids a guarantee as a fraudulent transfer, preference, insolvent transaction or uncommercial transaction or conveyance or holds it unenforceable for any other reason, holders of notes would cease to have any direct claim against the guarantor that delivered the guarantee. If a court were to take this action, the guarantor’s assets would, in certain jurisdictions, be applied first to satisfy the guarantor’s liabilities,

including trade payables and preferred stock claims, if any, before any portion of its assets could be distributed to us to be applied to the payment of the notes. We cannot assure you that a guarantor’s remaining assets would be sufficient to satisfy the claims of the holders of notes relating to any voided portions of the guarantees. In other jurisdictions (such as Australia), if a guarantee is so voided or held unenforceable, you will cease to have any claim against the guarantor.

 

Because we are organized under the laws of France, you may be unable to recover in civil proceedings for U.S. securities laws violations.

 

Judgments of U.S. courts, including those predicated on the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States, may not be enforceable in French courts. As a result, holders of notes who obtain a judgment against us in the United States may not be able to require us to pay the amount of the judgment. It may not be possible for holders to effect service of process within the United States upon our directors and officers or to enforce against these persons, or us, judgments of United States courts predicated upon civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States. See “Service of Process and Enforcement of Liabilities”.

 

A trading market for the notes may not develop.

 

The new notes are a new issue of securities with no established trading market. The liquidity of any market for the notes will depend upon the number of holders of the notes, our performance, the market for similar securities, the interest of securities dealers in making a market in the notes and other factors, including general declines or disruptions in the markets for debt securities. Although we have applied to admit the new notes to listing on the Official List of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and to trading on the Euro MTF, a liquid trading market may not develop or continue to exist for the notes.

 

The outstanding notes were issued with original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes and consequently the new notes will be treated as issued with original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

The outstanding notes were issued with original issue discount equal to the excess of the stated principal amount of the notes over the issue price. Consequently, the new notes will be considered to be issued with original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Accordingly, a U.S. holder must include a portion of the original issue discount in gross income as interest in each taxable year or portion thereof in which the U.S. holder holds the notes even if the U.S. holder has not received a cash payment in respect of the original issue discount.

 

The following table sets forth, for the periods and dates indicated, certain information concerning the exchange rates for the euro expressed in U.S. dollars per euro. Information concerning the U.S. dollar exchange rate is based on the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in foreign currencies as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Board (the “Noon Buying Rate”). Such rates are provided solely for convenience and no representation is made that euro were, could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at these rates or at any other rate. Such rates were not used by us in the preparation of our audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The Noon Buying Rate on November 20, 2009 was $1.4870 per euro.

 

 

 

Notes:

 

 

On June 9, 2009, we issued $350,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes to certain initial purchasers of those notes (the “Initial Purchasers”) at a price of 94.452% of the principal amount of those notes in a private transaction not registered under the Securities Act. The Initial Purchasers then offered and resold the outstanding notes outside the United States in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act and to qualified institutional buyers within the United States in reliance on Rule 144A under the Securities Act, at a price to such purchasers of 96.952% of the principal amount of those notes. We have used and are using the approximately $330.6 million of net proceeds (after deducting the Initial Purchasers’ discounts and commissions and fees and expenses) to (i) to replace cash used to repay $100.0 million of our term loan B facility on May 21, 2009, (ii) to fund the three quarterly $27.5 million amortization payments due during the remainder of 2009 under our term loan B facility and (iii) to repay approximately $50.0 million of other indebtedness outstanding under the Marine Resources Norge asset financing facilities and the Exploration Resources credit facility in September 2009. The remaining net proceeds are being used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of other indebtedness.

 

We will not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of the new notes. In consideration for issuing the new notes, we will receive in exchange a like principal amount of outstanding notes. The outstanding notes surrendered in exchange for the new notes will be retired and cancelled and cannot be reissued. Accordingly, issuance of the new notes will not result in any change in our capitalization.

 

The following is a description of the terms of our material financing arrangements.

 

Senior Facilities

 

On January 12, 2007, we entered into a $1.115 billion senior secured credit agreement with Credit Suisse as administrative agent and collateral agent and the lenders party thereto, pursuant to which CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc. (formerly Volnay Acquisition Co. I) borrowed a $1.0 billion senior secured “term loan B” and obtained a $115 million senior secured U.S. revolving facility (which revolving facility includes letter of credit and swingline subfacilities). Aggregate commitments under the U.S. revolving facility were increased to $140 million on January 26, 2007.

 

The proceeds of the term loan facility were used to:

 

 

Proceeds of loans under the U.S. revolving facility may be used for the general corporate purposes of the borrower and other subsidiaries of CGGVeritas. Revolving loans may be made at any time prior to the final maturity of the U.S. revolving facility on January 12, 2012. At September 30, 2009, we had drawn €1 million under the U.S. revolving facility.

 

The obligations of CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc. as borrower under the senior facilities are guaranteed by us and the Initial Guarantors of the notes (with the exception of Sercel Canada Ltd., which does not guarantee the senior facilities). We have pledged first-priority security in the shares of CGGVeritas Services Holding B.V., CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc. and certain of our other first-tier subsidiaries, as well as material first-tier subsidiaries of CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc. In addition, certain guarantors have provided first-priority security interests in certain of their respective tangible and intangible assets, including (without limitation) certain vessels, real property, mineral rights, deposit accounts and intellectual property. In the case of certain of our subsidiaries (most notably CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc. and certain U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries), the collateral may comprise substantially all of their respective assets.

 

Our obligations under, and the guarantees issued in respect of the French revolving facility described below rank pari passu in right of payment with the obligations under the guarantees issued in respect of the senior facilities. The lien priority and other creditors’ rights issues in respect of the senior facilities are set forth in an intercreditor agreement that provides, among other things, that so long as any obligations are outstanding under the senior facilities, Credit Suisse (acting as agent for the senior facilities lenders as first lien lenders) will control all remedies and other action related to the collateral.

 

In addition, the senior facilities agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants that affect our ability, among other things, to borrow money, incur liens, dispose of assets and acquisitions and pay dividends or redeem shares. Events of default under the senior facilities include, among other things, payment and covenant breaches, insolvency of us or our subsidiaries, the occurrence of certain events constituting a “change of control” and certain defaults in respect of other material financial indebtedness.

 

The senior facilities agreement was amended on December 12, 2008 and May 21, 2009. The first amendment provides us with greater flexibility with respect to (i) the acquisition of companies through a tender offer process, (ii) share buybacks and (iii) recapitalization of subsidiaries that are not guarantors under our credit agreements. In consideration of these amendments, we (i) repaid $50 million of the term loan B on December 12, 2008 and (ii) increased the four quarterly installments due under the term loan facility in 2009 to $27.5 million each from $2.5 million each. Half of these additional payments ($75 million) will be set off against required cash sweep prepayments due in 2010.

 

The second amendment (i) increases our flexibility under the financial covenants by modifying the interest coverage and leverage ratios, (ii) includes an additional covenant limiting capital expenditures (iii) allows us to

dispose of additional seismic vessels in exchange for joint venture interests and (iv) increases our ability to incur unsecured senior debt. In consideration of these additional amendments, we (i) repaid $100 million of the term loan B on May 21, 2009 and (ii) increased the applicable percentage for all borrowing under the senior facilities by 100 basis points.

 

As amended in May 2009, borrowings under the term loan B facility bear interest, at the option of the borrower, at the rate of adjusted LIBOR plus either 2.75% or 3.00% or the Alternate Base Rate plus either 1.75% or 2.00%, in each case depending on the corporate rating of CGGVeritas by Standard & Poor’s and the corporate family rating of CGGVeritas by Moody’s. At the option of the borrower, borrowings under the U.S. revolving facility bear interest at the rate of adjusted LIBOR plus a range from 2.75% to 3.25% or the Alternate Base Rate plus a range from 1.75% to 2.25%, in each case depending on the corporate rating of CGGVeritas by Standard & Poor’s and the corporate family rating of CGGVeritas by Moody’s. The Alternate Base Rate is the higher of Credit Suisse’s Prime Rate and the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 1/2 of 1.0%.

 

As amended in May 2009, the financial covenants in the senior facilities agreement include a maximum ratio of total net debt to EBITDA (2.25:1 for any relevant period expiring in the rolling 12-month period ending June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2009, and March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2010, 2.00:1 for any relevant period expiring in the rolling 12-month period ending March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2011, 1.75:1 for any relevant period expiring in the rolling 12-month period ending March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2012 and 1.50:1 for any relevant period expiring in the rolling 12-month period ending March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2013, respectively), a minimum ratio of EBITDA to total interest costs (4.00:1 for any relevant period expiring in the rolling 12-month periods-ending June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2009, and March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2010, and March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2011, 4.50:1 for any relevant period expiring in the rolling 12-month period ending March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2012 and 5.00:1 for any relevant period expiring in the rolling 12-month period ending March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2013, respectively) and a maximum amount of capital expenditures which, in any fiscal year, shall not exceed the greater of (i) $750,000,000 and (ii) 50% of EBITDA for such fiscal year.

 

The term loan facility originally amortized in equal quarterly installments of $2.5 million, with the balance payable on January 12, 2014. The December 2008 amendment increased the quarterly installments on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2009 to $27.5 million each. On June 29, 2007, we prepaid $100 million of the term loan B, on December 12, 2008, we prepaid an additional $50 million and on May 21, 2009, we prepaid an additional $100 million. At September 30, 2009, we had $647.5 million outstanding under the term loan facility. On October 30, 2009 we prepaid a further $100 million. Subject to certain exceptions, we are required to repay the principal outstanding under the term loan facility with a portion of our excess cash flow as well as with certain proceeds of insurance, asset sales and debt and equity issuances.

 

French Revolving Facility

 

On February 7, 2007, we entered into a $200 million French law revolving credit agreement with Compagnie Générale de Géophysique-Veritas as borrower, Natixis as administrative agent, Credit Suisse as collateral agent and the lenders party thereto. The proceeds of the French revolving facility may be drawn in dollars or in euros, and may be used for the general corporate purposes of the borrower. At September 30, 2009, we had drawn $51 million under the French revolving facility.

 

Each cash advance under the French revolving facility must be repaid in full at the end of the relevant interest period of one month to twelve months and is available for redrawing during the availability period. All drawings under the French revolving facility must be repaid on the final maturity date in 2012.

 

Our obligations under the French revolving facility are guaranteed by the same guarantors that guarantee the senior facilities (including CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc.), and are secured by the same security interests granted to secure the obligations under the senior facilities.

The French revolving facility was amended on December 12, 2008 and May 28, 2009. The first amendment provides us with greater flexibility with respect to (i) the acquisition of companies through a tender offer process, (ii) share buybacks and (iii) recapitalization of subsidiaries that are not guarantors under our credit agreements.

 

The second amendment (i) increases our flexibility under the financial covenants by modifying the interest coverage and leverage ratios, (ii) includes an additional covenant limiting capital expenditures, (iii) allows us to dispose of additional seismic vessels in exchange for joint venture interests and (iv) increases our ability to incur unsecured senior debt. In consideration of this amendment, we increased the applicable percentage for all borrowing under the French revolving facility by 100 basis points.

 

The revolving loans (other than swingline loans) bear interest (computed on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed over 360) at a rate per annum equal to the aggregate of: (i) the applicable margin; (ii) EURIBOR in relation to loans made in euro and LIBOR in relation to loans made in dollars for the relevant interest period; and (iii) mandatory costs, if any.

 

The swingline loans bear interest (computed on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed over 360) at a rate per annum equal to the aggregate of: (i) the applicable margin; (ii) EONIA; and (ii) the mandatory cost (if any).

 

As amended on May 28, 2009, the applicable margin ranges from 2.50% to 3.00%, depending on the corporate rating of CGGVeritas by Standard & Poor’s and the corporate family rating of CGGVeritas by Moody’s.

 

Debt Securities

 

71/2% Senior Notes due 2015

 

On April 28, 2005, CGG issued $165 million aggregate principal amount of its 71/2% Senior Notes due 2015 at par in a private placement to certain eligible investors in the international capital markets. We used the $159.8 million of net proceeds to redeem and pay accrued interest on all of the outstanding $150 million aggregate principal amount of our 10⁵/₈% Senior Notes due 2007 on May 31, 2005. On November 9, 2005, $164.5 million in principal amount of these notes were exchanged for identical notes registered with the SEC.

 

On February 3, 2006, CGG issued an additional $165 million of its 71/2% Senior Notes due 2015 issued in April 2005 in a private placement to certain eligible investors in the international capital markets. The notes were issued at a price of 103.25% of their principal amount. The net proceeds from the notes were used mainly to repay on February 10, 2006, the $140.3 million remaining under our $375 million bridge loan facility used to finance the acquisition of Exploration Resources. On August 17, 2006, $164 million in principal amount of these notes were exchanged for identical notes registered with the SEC.

 

On the closing date of the merger with Veritas, certain subsidiaries of Veritas entered into a supplemental indenture and amendment and subsidiary guarantee pursuant to which they became guarantors of all of the outstanding 71/2% Senior Notes due 2015.

 

On February 9, 2007, we issued an additional $200 million in aggregate principal amount of 71/2% Senior Notes due 2015. These notes are guaranteed on a senior basis by the Initial Guarantors of the notes offered hereby. We used the net proceeds from the notes to repay part of the $700 million outstanding under the bridge loan facility used to finance the Veritas acquisition.

 

73/4% Senior Notes due 2017

 

On February 9, 2007, we issued $400 million in aggregate principal amount of 73/4% Senior Notes due 2017. These notes are guaranteed on a senior basis by the Initial Guarantors of the notes offered hereby. We used the net proceeds from the notes to repay part of the $700 million outstanding under the bridge loan facility used to finance the Veritas acquisition.

 

91/2% Senior Notes due 2016

 

On June 9, 2009 we issued $350 million in aggregate principal amount of 91/2% Senior Notes due 2016 that are the object of the exchange offer described in this prospectus. See “Offering of the Outstanding Notes”.

Other Credit Facilities

 

Marine Resources Norge asset financing facilities

 

On June 1, 2005, CGG Marine Resources Norge A/S entered into a $20.6 million asset financing agreement and on March 13, 2006, CGG Marine Resources Norge A/S entered into a $26.5 million asset financing agreement, in each case to finance the acquisition of newly-developed “Sentinel” streamers for the vessel Symphony. These financing facilities were repaid in September 2009.

 

Exploration Resources credit facility

 

On March 29, 2006, Exploration Resources entered into a $70 million credit facility to finance the conversion of the Geo-Challenger from a cable laying vessel to a 3D seismic vessel and the acquisition of seismic equipment for the vessels C-Orion and Geo-Challenger. This facility was repaid in September 2009.

 

Geomar secured term loan facility

 

On April 30, 2007, Geomar entered into a $25 million credit facility to refinance the purchase price of the seismic vessel Alizé. The facility is secured by a pledge over the vessel. At September 30, 2009, the amount outstanding under this facility was $17.0 million, of which $0.9 million remained to be paid in 2009. This facility matures on June 5, 2014.

 

Purpose and Effect of the Exchange Offer

 

We entered into a registration rights agreement with the initial purchasers of the outstanding notes in which we agreed to file a registration statement relating to an offer to exchange the outstanding notes for new notes. We also agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to complete that offer within 210 days after June 9, 2009. We are offering the new notes under this prospectus to satisfy those obligations under the registration rights agreement.

 

If any of the outstanding notes are not freely tradeable (meaning that they may be sold to the public pursuant to Rule 144(b) and do not bear any restrictive legends relating to the Securities Act) by the 180th day after June 9, 2009, we will use our reasonable best efforts to cause the Commission to declare effective a shelf registration statement with respect to the resale of the outstanding notes and keep the shelf registration statement effective for up to two years after the date of issuance of the outstanding notes in either of the following circumstances:

 

 

If we fail to comply with deadlines for registering the issuance of the new notes and completion of the exchange offer, we will be required to pay special interest to holders of the outstanding notes. Please read the section captioned “Outstanding Notes Registration Rights Agreement” for more details regarding the registration rights agreement.

 

To exchange an outstanding note for transferable new notes in the exchange offer, you will be required to make the following representations:

 

 

Resale of New Notes

 

Based on interpretations of the Commission staff in no action letters issued to third parties, we believe that new notes issued under the exchange offer may be offered for resale, resold and otherwise transferred by you without compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery provisions of the Securities Act if:

 

 

If you tender in the exchange offer with the intention of participating in any manner in a distribution of the new notes, you:

 

 

 

Unless an exemption from registration is otherwise available, any security holder intending to distribute new notes should be covered by an effective registration statement under the Securities Act containing the selling securityholder’s information required by Item 507 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. This prospectus may be used for an offer to resell, resale or other retransfer of new notes only as specifically described in this prospectus. Only broker-dealers that acquired the outstanding notes as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities may participate in the exchange offer. Each broker-dealer that receives new notes for its own account in exchange for outstanding notes, where such outstanding notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities, must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of new notes. Please read the section captioned “Plan of Distribution” for more details regarding the transfer of new notes.

 

Terms of the Exchange Offer

 

Upon the terms and subject to the conditions described in this prospectus and in the letter of transmittal, we will accept for exchange any outstanding notes properly tendered and not withdrawn prior to the expiration date. We will issue $1,000 principal amount of new notes in exchange for each $1,000 principal amount of outstanding notes surrendered under the exchange offer. Outstanding notes may be tendered only in integral multiples of $1,000.

 

The exchange offer is not conditioned upon any minimum aggregate principal amount of outstanding notes being tendered for exchange.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, $350 million aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes are outstanding. This prospectus and the letter of transmittal are being sent to all registered holders of outstanding notes. There will be no fixed record date for determining registered holders of outstanding notes entitled to participate in the exchange offer.

 

We intend to conduct the exchange offer in accordance with the provisions of the registration rights agreement, the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission. Outstanding notes that are not tendered for exchange in the exchange offer will remain outstanding and continue to accrue interest and will be entitled to the rights and benefits such holders have under the indenture relating to the notes and the registration rights agreement.

 

We will be deemed to have accepted for exchange properly tendered outstanding notes when we have given oral or written notice of the acceptance to the exchange agent and complied with the applicable provisions of the registration rights agreement. The exchange agent will act as agent for the tendering holders for the purposes of receiving the new notes from us.

 

If you tender outstanding notes in the exchange offer, you will not be required to pay brokerage commissions or fees or, subject to the instructions in the letter of transmittal, transfer taxes, with respect to the exchange of outstanding notes. We will pay all charges and expenses, other than certain applicable taxes described below, in connection with the exchange offer. It is important for noteholders to read the section entitled “–Fees and Expenses” for more details regarding fees and expenses incurred in the exchange offer.

 

We will return any outstanding notes that we do not accept for exchange for any reason without expense to the tendering holder as promptly as practicable after the expiration or termination of the exchange offer.

 

Expiration Date

 

The Exchange Offer Will Expire At 5:00 p.m., New York City time on December 29, 2009, unless, in our sole discretion, we extend it.

 

Extensions, Delay in Acceptance, Termination or Amendment

 

We expressly reserve the right, at any time or at various times, to extend the period of time during which the exchange offer is open. We may delay acceptance of any outstanding notes by giving oral or written notice of such

extension to their holders. During any such extensions, all outstanding notes previously tendered will remain subject to the exchange offer, and we may accept them for exchange.

 

In order to extend the exchange offer, we will notify the exchange agent orally or in writing of any extension. We will notify the registered holders of outstanding notes of the extension no later than 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the next business day after the previously scheduled expiration date.

 

If any of the conditions described below under “— Conditions to the Exchange offer” have not been satisfied, we reserve the right, in our sole discretion, to delay accepting for exchange any outstanding notes or to extend the exchange offer or to terminate the exchange offer by giving oral or written notice of such delay, extension or termination to the exchange agent. Subject to the terms of the registration rights agreement, we also reserve the right to amend the terms of the exchange offer in any manner.

 

Any such delay in acceptance, extension, termination or amendment will be followed as promptly as practicable by oral or written notice thereof to the registered holders of outstanding notes. If we amend the exchange offer in a manner that we determine to constitute a material change, we will promptly disclose such amendment by means of a prospectus supplement. The supplement will be distributed to the registered holders of the outstanding notes. Depending upon the significance of the amendment and the manner of disclosure to the registered holders, we will extend the exchange offer if the exchange offer would otherwise expire during such period.

 

Conditions to the Exchange Offer

 

Despite any other term of the exchange offer, we will not be required to accept for exchange, or exchange any new notes for, any outstanding notes, and we may terminate the exchange offer as provided in this prospectus before accepting any outstanding notes for exchange, if in our reasonable judgment the exchange offer, or the making of any exchange by a holder of outstanding notes, would violate applicable law or any applicable interpretation of the staff of the Commission or any action or proceeding has been instituted or threatened in any court or by or before any governmental agency with respect to the exchange offer that, in our judgment, would reasonably be expected to impair our ability to proceed with the exchange offer.

 

In addition, we will not be obligated to accept for exchange the outstanding notes of any holder that has not made to us (1) the representations described under “— Purpose and Effect of the Exchange Offer,” “— Procedures for Tendering” and “Plan of Distribution” and (2) such other representations as may be reasonably necessary under applicable Commission rules, regulations or interpretations to make available to us an appropriate form for registration of the new notes under the Securities Act.

 

We expressly reserve the right to amend or terminate the exchange offer, and to reject for exchange any outstanding notes not previously accepted for exchange, upon the occurrence of any of the conditions to the exchange offer specified above. We will give oral or written notice of any extension, amendment, non-acceptance or termination to the holders of the outstanding notes as promptly as practicable.

 

These conditions are for our sole benefit and we may assert them or waive them in whole or in part at any time or at various times in our sole discretion. If we fail at any time to exercise any of these rights, this failure will not mean that we have waived our rights. Each such right will be deemed an ongoing right that we may assert at any time or at various times.

 

In addition, we will not accept for exchange any outstanding notes tendered, and will not issue new notes in exchange for any such outstanding notes, if at such time any stop order has been threatened or is in effect with respect to the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part or the qualification of the indenture relating to the notes under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.

Procedures for Tendering

 

How to Tender Generally

 

Only a holder of outstanding notes may tender such outstanding notes in the exchange offer. To tender in the exchange offer, a holder must:

 

 

In addition, either:

 

 

To be tendered effectively, the exchange agent must receive any physical delivery of the letter of transmittal and other required documents at its address provided above under “Prospectus Summary — The Exchange Agent” prior to the expiration date.

 

The tender by a holder that is not withdrawn prior to the expiration date will constitute an agreement between the holder and us in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions described in this prospectus and in the letter of transmittal.

 

The method of delivery of outstanding notes, the letter of transmittal and all other required documents to the exchange agent is at the holder’s election and risk. Rather than mail these items, we recommend that holders use an overnight or hand delivery service. In all cases, you should allow sufficient time to assure delivery to the exchange agent before the expiration date. You should not send the letter of transmittal or outstanding notes to us. You may request your brokers, dealers, commercial banks, trust companies or other nominees to effect the above transactions for you.

 

How to Tender if You Are a Beneficial Owner

 

If you beneficially own outstanding notes that are registered in the name of a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee and you wish to tender these notes, you should contact the registered holder promptly and instruct it to tender on your behalf. If you are a beneficial owner and wish to tender on your own behalf, you must, prior to completing and executing the letter of transmittal and delivering your outstanding notes, either:

 

 

The transfer of registered ownership may take considerable time and may not be completed prior to the expiration date.

 

Signatures and Signature Guarantees

 

You must have signatures on a letter of transmittal or a notice of withdrawal described below guaranteed by a member firm of a registered national securities exchange or of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in the United States, or an “eligible guarantor

institution” within the meaning of Rule 17Ad-15 under the Exchange Act, that is a member of one of the recognized signature guarantee programs identified in the letter of transmittal, unless the outstanding notes are tendered:

 

 

When You Need Endorsements or Bond Powers

 

If the letter of transmittal is signed by a person other than the registered holder of any outstanding notes, the outstanding notes must be endorsed or accompanied by a properly completed bond power. The bond power must be signed by the registered holder as the registered holder’s name appears on the outstanding notes and a member firm of a registered national securities exchange or of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in the United States, or an eligible guarantor institution must guarantee the signature on the bond power.

 

If the letter of transmittal or any outstanding notes or bond powers are signed by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, those persons should so indicate when signing. Unless waived by us, they should also submit evidence satisfactory to us of their authority to deliver the letter of transmittal.

 

Tendering Through DTC’s Automated Tender Offer Program

 

The exchange agent and DTC have confirmed that any financial institution that is a participant in DTC’s system may use DTC’s automated tender offer program to tender. Participants in the program may, instead of physically completing and signing the letter of transmittal and delivering it to the exchange agent, transmit their acceptance of the exchange offer electronically. They may do so by causing DTC to transfer the outstanding notes to the exchange agent in accordance with its procedures for transfer. DTC will then send an agent’s message to the exchange agent.

 

The term “agent’s message” means a message transmitted by DTC, received by the exchange agent and forming part of the book-entry confirmation, to the effect that:

 

 

Determinations Under the Exchange Offer

 

We will determine in our sole discretion all questions as to the validity, form, eligibility, time of receipt, acceptance of tendered outstanding notes and withdrawal of tendered outstanding notes. Our determination will be final and binding. We reserve the absolute right to reject any outstanding notices not properly tendered or any outstanding notes our acceptance of which would, in the opinion of our counsel, be unlawful. We also reserve the right to waive any defects, irregularities or conditions of tender as to particular outstanding notes. Our interpretation of the terms and conditions of the exchange offer, including the instructions in the letter of transmittal, will be final and binding on all parties. Unless waived, any defects or irregularities in connection with tenders of outstanding notes must be cured within such time as we shall determine. Although we intend to notify holders of defects or irregularities with respect to tenders of outstanding notes, neither we, the exchange agent nor any other person will incur any liability for failure to give such notification. Tenders of outstanding notes will not be deemed made until such defects or irregularities have been cured or waived. Any outstanding notes received by the exchange agent that

are not properly tendered and as to which the defects or irregularities have not been cured or waived will be returned to the tendering holder, unless otherwise provided in the letter of transmittal, as soon as practicable following the expiration date.

 

When We Will Issue New Notes

 

In all cases, we will issue new notes for outstanding notes that we have accepted for exchange under the exchange offer only after the exchange agent timely receives:

 

 

Return of Outstanding Notes Not Accepted or Exchanged

 

If we do not accept any tendered outstanding notes for exchange for any reason described in the terms and conditions of the exchange offer or if outstanding notes are submitted for a greater principal amount than the holder desires to exchange, the unaccepted or non-exchanged outstanding notes will be returned without expense to their tendering holder. In the case of outstanding notes tendered by book-entry transfer into the exchange agent’s account at DTC according to the procedures described below, such non- exchanged outstanding notes will be credited to an account maintained with DTC. These actions will occur as promptly as practicable after the expiration or termination of the exchange offer.

 

Your Representations to Us

 

By signing or agreeing to be bound by the letter of transmittal, you will represent to us that, among other things:

 

 

Book-Entry Transfer

 

The exchange agent will make a request to establish an account with respect to the outstanding notes at DTC for purposes of the exchange offer promptly after the date of this prospectus. Any financial institution participating in DTC’s system may make book-entry delivery of outstanding notes by causing DTC to transfer such outstanding notes into the exchange agent’s account at DTC in accordance with DTC’s procedures for transfer. Holders of outstanding notes who are unable to deliver confirmation of the book-entry tender of their outstanding notes into the exchange agent’s account at DTC or all other documents required by the letter of transmittal to the exchange agent on or prior to the expiration date must tender their outstanding notes according to the guaranteed delivery procedures described below.

 

Guaranteed Delivery Procedures

 

If you wish to tender your outstanding notes but your outstanding notes are not immediately available or you cannot deliver your outstanding notes, the letter of transmittal or any other required documents to the exchange

agent or comply with the applicable procedures under DTC’s automated tender offer program prior to the expiration date, you may tender if:

 

 

Upon request to the exchange agent, a notice of guaranteed delivery will be sent to you if you wish to tender your outstanding notes according to the guaranteed delivery procedures described above.

 

Withdrawal of Tenders

 

Except as otherwise provided in this prospectus, you may withdraw your tender at any time prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date.

 

For a withdrawal to be effective:

 

 

Any notice of withdrawal must:

 

 

If outstanding notes have been tendered under the procedure for book-entry transfer described above, any notice of withdrawal must specify the name and number of the account at DTC to be credited with the withdrawn outstanding notes and otherwise comply with the procedures of DTC.

 

We will determine all questions as to the validity, form, eligibility and time of receipt of notice of withdrawal, and our determination shall be final and binding on all parties. We will deem any outstanding notes so withdrawn not to have been validly tendered for exchange for purposes of the exchange offer.

 

Any outstanding notes that have been tendered for exchange but that are not exchanged for any reason will be returned to their holder without cost to the holder or, in the case of outstanding notes tendered by book-entry transfer into the exchange agent’s account at DTC according to the procedures described above, such outstanding notices will be credited to an account maintained with DTC for the outstanding notes. This return or crediting will take

place as soon as practicable after withdrawal, rejection of tender or termination of the exchange offer. You may retender properly withdrawn outstanding notes by following one of the procedures described under “— Procedures for Tendering” above at any time on or prior to the expiration date.

 

Fees and Expenses

 

We will bear the expenses of soliciting tenders. The principal solicitation is being made by mail; however, we may make additional solicitation by telegraph, telephone or in person by our officers and regular employees and those of our affiliates.

 

We have not retained any dealer-manager in connection with the exchange offer and will not make any payments to broker-dealers or others soliciting acceptances of the exchange offer. We will, however, pay the exchange agent reasonable and customary fees for its services and reimburse it for its related reasonable out-of-pocket expenses.

 

We will pay the cash expenses to be incurred in connection with the exchange offer. They include:

 

 

We will pay all transfer taxes, if any, applicable to the exchange of outstanding notes under the exchange offer. The tendering holder, however, will be required to pay any transfer taxes, whether imposed on the registered holder or any other person, if:

 

 

If satisfactory evidence of payment of any transfer taxes payable by a note holder is not submitted with the letter of transmittal, the amount of such transfer taxes will be billed directly to that tendering holder.

 

Transfer Taxes

 

If you tender your outstanding notes for exchange, you will not be required to pay any transfer taxes. However, if you instruct us to register new notes in the name of, or request that outstanding notes not tendered or not accepted in the exchange offer be returned to, a person other than you, in your capacity as the registered tendering holder, you will be required to pay any applicable transfer tax.

 

Consequences of Failure to Exchange

 

If you do not exchange your outstanding notes for new notes under the exchange offer, you will remain subject to the existing restrictions on transfer of the outstanding notes.

 

In general, you may not offer or sell the outstanding notes unless they are registered under the Securities Act or the offer or sale is exempt from registration under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. Except as required by the registration rights agreement, we do not intend to register resales of the outstanding notes under the Securities Act. Based on interpretations of the Commission staff, you may offer for resale, resell or otherwise transfer new notes issued in the exchange offer without compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery provisions of the Securities Act, if (1) you are not our “affiliate” within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities

Act; (2) any new notes will be acquired in the ordinary course of your business; (3) you have no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in the distribution of the new notes; and (4) you are not engaged in and do not intend to engage in the distribution of the new notes. If you tender in the exchange offer with the intention of participating in any manner in a distribution of the new notes, you:

 

 

Accounting Treatment

 

We will record the new notes in our accounting records at the same carrying value as the outstanding notes, as reflected in our accounting records on the date of exchange. Accordingly, we will not recognize any gain or loss for accounting purposes in connection with the exchange offer.

 

Other

 

Participation in the exchange offer is voluntary, and you should carefully consider whether to accept. You are urged to consult your financial and tax advisors in making your own decision on what action to take.

 

We may in the future seek to acquire untendered outstanding notes in open market or privately negotiated transactions, through subsequent exchange offers or otherwise. We have no present plans to acquire any outstanding notes that are not tendered in the exchange offer or to file a registration statement to permit resales of any untendered outstanding notes.

 

General

 

You can find the definitions of certain terms used in this description under “— Certain Definitions.” In this description, the word “Company” refers only to Compagnie Générale de Géophysique-Veritas, S.A., and not to any of its subsidiaries.

 

The following description is a summary of the material provisions of the Indenture. It does not restate the Indenture in its entirety. We urge you to read the Indenture because it, and not this description, will define your rights as holders of the Notes.

 

The outstanding notes were issued on June 9, 2009 in an aggregate principal amount of U.S.$350,000,000 (the “Offered Notes”), and an equal aggregate principal amount of new notes (the “Exchange Notes”) may be issued in exchange for the Offered Notes in connection with the exchange offer contemplated by this prospectus (the “Exchange Offer”).

 

The Exchange Notes will be issued and the Offered Notes were issued pursuant to the Indenture dated as of the Issue Date among the Company, the Guarantors and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). The terms of the Notes include those stated in the Indenture and those made part of the Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act”).

 

If the Exchange Offer is consummated, holders of Offered Notes who do not exchange those notes for Exchange Notes in the Exchange Offer will vote together with holders of Exchange Notes for all relevant purposes under the Indenture. In that regard, the Indenture requires that certain actions by the holders thereunder, including acceleration following an Event of Default, must be taken, and certain rights must be exercised, by specified minimum percentages of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding securities issued under the Indenture. In determining whether holders of the requisite percentage in principal amount have given any notice, consent or waiver or taken any other action permitted under the Indenture, any Offered Notes that remain outstanding after the Exchange Offer will be aggregated with the Exchange Notes, and the holders of such Offered Notes and the Exchange Notes will vote together as a single series for all such purposes. Accordingly, all references herein to specified percentages in aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding shall be deemed to mean, at any time after the Exchange Offer is consummated, such percentages in aggregate principal amount of Offered Notes and Exchange Notes then outstanding.

 

Copies of the Indenture are available for inspection during normal business hours at the office of the Company referred to under the caption “— Available Information,” at the corporate trust office of the Trustee at 601 Travis Street, 18th Floor, Houston, Texas 77002, and at the specified office of each Paying Agent, including, for so long as the Notes are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange, at the specified office of the Paying Agent in Luxembourg. Holders of the Notes are entitled to the benefit of, are bound by, and are deemed to have notice of, all the provisions of the Indenture.

 

Brief Description of the Notes

 

The Notes:

 

 

Holders of existing and future secured indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries, including loans under the existing Credit Facilities, will have claims with respect to the assets constituting collateral for such secured indebtedness that are superior to the claims of the holders of the Notes. Accordingly, the Notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees are effectively subordinated to claims of secured creditors of the Company and the Guarantors to the extent of the value of such collateral.

 

Only certain Subsidiaries of the Company will guarantee the Notes. In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of any Subsidiary of the Company that is not a Guarantor, that Subsidiary will pay the holders of its debt and its trade creditors before it will be able to distribute any of its assets to the Company.

 

As at September 30, 2009, we had €632.4 million of outstanding indebtedness including accrued interest effectively senior to the Notes, of which €616.2 million was secured and the Initial Guarantors (as defined under the caption “— Subsidiary Guarantees — Guarantors”) (excluding their Subsidiaries that are not Guarantors) had €480.4 million of outstanding indebtedness including accrued interest effectively senior to the guarantees under the Notes, all of which was secured. Indebtedness of the Initial Guarantors is included in the total Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries. In addition, as at September 30, 2009, the Company and its Subsidiaries had availability under their Credit Facilities of €156.8 million, which if drawn would have been secured. Each of the Initial Guarantors, other than Sercel Canada, is an obligor under the senior facilities and the French revolving facility. The Indenture permits the Company and its Subsidiaries (including the Guarantors) to incur additional Indebtedness, including certain additional secured Indebtedness.

 

As of the date of the Indenture, all of the Company’s Subsidiaries were Restricted Subsidiaries. Under certain circumstances, the Company will be able to designate current or future Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries. Unrestricted Subsidiaries will not be subject to the restrictive covenants set forth in the Indenture and will not guarantee the Notes.

 

The Indenture also provides the Company the flexibility of issuing additional Notes in the future in an unlimited amount; however, any issuance of such additional Notes would be subject to the covenant described under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Disqualified Stock”. The Offered Notes, the Exchange Notes and any such additional Notes are collectively referred to as the “Notes” in this “Description of the Notes”.

 

Any Offered Notes that remain outstanding after the completion of the Exchange Offer, together with the Exchange Notes issued in connection with the Exchange Offer, will be treated as a single class of securities under the Indenture.

 

Whenever the covenants or default provisions or definitions in the Indenture refer to an amount in U.S. dollars or euros, that amount will be deemed to refer to the U.S. Dollar Equivalent or the Euro Equivalent, respectively, of the amount of any obligation denominated in any other currency or currencies, including composite currencies.

 

Any other determination of the U.S. Dollar Equivalent or the Euro Equivalent for any purpose under the Indenture will be determined as of a date of determination as described in the definitions of “U.S. Dollar Equivalent” and “Euro Equivalent” under “— Certain Definitions” and, in any case, no subsequent change in the U.S. Dollar Equivalent or the Euro Equivalent after the applicable date of determination will cause such determination to be modified.

 

Principal, Maturity and Interest

 

The Exchange Notes will be limited in aggregate principal amount to $350,000,000 and will mature on May 15, 2016 at par. Interest on the Notes will accrue at the rate of 91/2% per annum and will be payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on November 15, 2009, in the case of the Offered Notes, to holders of record on the immediately preceding May 1 and November 1. Interest on the Exchange Notes will accrue from the most recent date to which interest has been paid on the Offered Notes exchanged therefor or, if no interest has been paid, from the Issue Date. Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months.

Payment and Paying Agents

 

Principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes will be payable in U.S. dollars at the office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose in the continental United States and, subject to any fiscal or other laws and regulations applicable thereto, at the specified offices of any other Paying Agent appointed by the Company for such purpose, or, at the option of the Company, payment of interest may be made by check mailed to holders of the Notes at their respective addresses set forth in the register of holders; provided, however, that all payments with respect to Notes the holders of which have given wire transfer instructions to the Company or a Paying Agent will be required to be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the holders thereof. The principal of the Notes will be payable only upon surrender of any Note at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee or at the specified offices of any other Paying Agent.

 

If the due date for payment of the principal in respect of any Note is not a business day at the place in which it is presented for payment, the holder thereof will not be entitled to payment of the amount due until the next succeeding business day at such place and will not be entitled to any further interest or other payment in respect of any such delay.

 

The Indenture provides that any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, premium, if any, and interest have become due and payable will be paid to the Company, and will be discharged from such trust; and the holder of such Note will thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such money will thereupon cease.

 

The Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee in Dallas, Texas will initially be designated as the Company’s Paying Agent for payments with respect to the Notes. So long as the Notes are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and the rules of such stock exchange so require, the Company will maintain a Paying Agent in Luxembourg. Dexia Banque Internationale à Luxembourg, société anonyme will initially be designated as the Company’s Paying Agent in Luxembourg and as the Company’s agent where Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer and exchange. The Company may at any time designate one or more additional Paying Agents or rescind the designation of any Paying Agent or approve a change in the office through which any Paying Agent acts, except that the Company will be required to maintain a Paying Agent in the continental United States. The Company will give notice to each holder of Notes, in the manner described under the caption “— Notices”, of any change in Paying Agents.

 

Subsidiary Guarantees

 

General

 

The obligations of each Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee will be general senior, unsecured obligations of such Guarantor, ranking pari passu in right of payment with all other senior indebtedness of such Guarantor and senior in right of payment to any subordinated indebtedness of such Guarantor. The Subsidiary Guarantees will be joint and several obligations of the Guarantors. Holders of existing and future secured indebtedness of the Guarantors, including loans under the existing Credit Facilities (including the senior facilities and the French revolving facility) will have claims with respect to the assets constituting collateral for such secured indebtedness that are superior to the claims of the holders of the Notes.

 

The Indenture provides that the obligations of each Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee will be limited to the maximum amount as will, after giving effect to such maximum amount and all other contingent and fixed liabilities of such Guarantor that are relevant under bankruptcy, fraudulent conveyance and fraudulent transfer and similar laws, and after giving effect to any collections from, rights to receive contribution from or payments made by or on behalf of any other Guarantor in respect of the obligations of such other Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee, result in the obligations of such Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent transfer or conveyance. In addition, the obligations of each Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee shall be limited to the extent required by applicable law.

Guarantors

 

Only certain Subsidiaries of the Company will guarantee the Notes. On the issue date, the Notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Alitheia Resources Inc., CGG Americas, Inc., CGG Canada Services Ltd., CGG Marine Resources Norge A/S, CGGVeritas Land (U.S.) Inc., CGGVeritas Services Holding B.V., CGGVeritas Services Holding (U.S.) Inc., CGGVeritas Services (U.S.) Inc., Veritas DGC Asia Pacific Ltd., Veritas Geophysical (Mexico) LLC, Veritas Investments Inc. and Viking Maritime Inc. (the “Services Guarantors”), and Sercel Inc., Sercel Canada Ltd. and Sercel Australia Pty Ltd. (the “Equipment Guarantors”, and together with the Services Guarantors, the “Initial Guarantors”). For more information about the Initial Guarantors, see Note 31 and Note 32 to the Company’s consolidated annual financial statements, incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The Company’s other Subsidiaries, including CGGVeritas Services (Norway), Wavefield-Inseis ASA and their respective subsidiaries, will not initially guarantee the Notes and, in certain circumstances described below under the caption “— Release,” the Company may elect to have the Equipment Guarantors released from their Subsidiary Guarantees. In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of any Subsidiary of the Company that is not a Guarantor, that Subsidiary will pay the holders of its debt and its trade creditors before it will be able to distribute any of its assets to the Company.

 

The Services Guarantors (excluding their subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the notes) generated, before consolidation entries, €229.3 million of revenues, €34.8 million of operating income and €23.7 million of net income in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2009 and held €4,325.2 million of total assets before consolidation entries as at September 30, 2009. The Services Guarantors generated, before consolidation entries, €585.2 million of revenues, €184.9 million of operating income and €89.7 million of net income in the year ended December 31, 2008 and held €4,573.6 million of total assets before consolidation entries as at December 31, 2008.

 

The Equipment Guarantors (excluding their subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the notes) generated, before consolidation entries, €171.3 million of revenues, €21.7 million of operating income and €17.7 million of net income in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2009 and held €288.6 million of total assets before consolidation entries as at September 30, 2009. The Equipment Guarantors generated, before consolidation entries, €389.8 million of revenues, €79.9 million of operating income and €55.5 million of net income in the year ended December 31, 2008 and held €302.4 million of total assets before consolidation entries as at December 31, 2008. The revenues, operating income, net income and assets of the Equipment Guarantors are included in those of the Initial Guarantors. In the circumstances described under the caption “Certain Covenants — Guarantees of Certain Indebtedness by Restricted Subsidiaries” the Indenture will require certain of the Company’s other Subsidiaries to become Guarantors. For more information about the Initial Guarantors, see “General Information” elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

The Initial Guarantors represented 23% and 37% of consolidated revenues in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2009 and in the year ended December 31, 2008, respectively, and 87% of consolidated total assets as at both September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

 

In addition, a Restricted Subsidiary may become a Guarantor, at its option, by executing a supplemental indenture providing for a Subsidiary Guarantee in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture.

 

Release

 

The Indenture provides that, in the event of (a) a transfer, conveyance, sale or other disposition of any Capital Stock of Sercel S.A. or any Equipment Guarantor or (b) the issue by Sercel S.A. or any Equipment Guarantor of any Equity Interests, in either case to any Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, the Company may elect to have the Equipment Guarantors released and relieved of any obligations under their Subsidiary Guarantees, provided that the Net Proceeds of such issuance, transfer, conveyance, sale or other disposition are applied in accordance with the covenant described below under the caption “— Put Option of Holders — Asset Sales” and the Equipment Guarantors have no other guarantees of Indebtedness of the Company or any other Guarantors (other than Permitted Guarantees) then outstanding. If a Restricted Subsidiary has become a Guarantor at its option, it may thereafter be released and relieved of its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee at its option, provided that such Guarantor has no guarantee of Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor (other than Permitted Guarantees) then outstanding. The Indenture further provides that, for purposes of the covenant

described under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Disqualified Stock”, the release of any Subsidiary Guarantee pursuant to provisions described in this paragraph shall be deemed to be an incurrence by the Restricted Subsidiary whose Subsidiary Guarantee is being released of all Indebtedness then held by such Restricted Subsidiary.

 

The Indenture provides that, in the event of a transfer, conveyance, sale or other disposition (including by way of merger or consolidation) of all or substantially all of the assets or all of the Capital Stock of any Guarantor, then such Guarantor will be released and relieved of any obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee and the Indenture, provided that the Net Proceeds of such transfer, conveyance, sale or other disposition are applied in accordance with the covenant described below under the caption “— Put Option of Holders — Asset Sales.” A Guarantor will likewise be released and relieved of its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee upon the release of any guarantee of Indebtedness of the Company that required such Guarantor to guarantee the Notes pursuant to the covenant described below under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Guarantees of Certain Indebtedness by Restricted Subsidiaries” except a discharge or release by or as a result of direct payment under such guarantee, provided that the Guarantor has no other guarantee of Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor (other than Permitted Guarantees) then outstanding. The Indenture also provides that, if the Board of Directors designates a Guarantor to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary, then such Guarantor will be released and relieved of any obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee and the Indenture, provided that such designation is conducted in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Indenture.

 

Merger or Consolidation

 

The Indenture provides that, for so long as a Restricted Subsidiary provides a Subsidiary Guarantee pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, such Guarantor may not consolidate with or merge with or into (whether or not such Guarantor is the surviving Person) another Person (other than the Company or another Guarantor), unless:

 

 

Optional Redemption

 

At any time prior to May 15, 2013, the Company may redeem the Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest to, the date of redemption.

 

The Notes will also be redeemable at the Company’s option on or after May 15, 2013, in whole or in part, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount) set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the applicable redemption date, if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning May 15 of the years indicated below:

 

Further, prior to May 15, 2012, the Company may redeem on any one or more occasions Notes (including Exchange Notes) representing up to 35% of the sum of the aggregate principal amount of the Offered Notes plus any other Notes originally issued under the Indenture after the Issue Date (but excluding for this purpose any Exchange Notes) at a redemption price of 109.500% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date, with the net cash proceeds of one or more Qualified Equity Offerings, provided that (a) Notes (including Exchange Notes) representing at least 65% of the sum of the aggregate principal amount of the Offered Notes plus any other Notes originally issued under the Indenture after the Issue Date (but excluding for this purpose any Exchange Notes) remain outstanding immediately after the occurrence of each such redemption and (b) such redemption occurs within 90 days of the date of the closing of each such Qualified Equity Offering.

 

Selection and Notice

 

If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed at any time, the Trustee will select Notes for redemption as follows:

 

 

No Notes of $100,000 or less shall be redeemed in part.

 

Notices of redemption shall be mailed by first class mail at least 30 but not more than 60 days before the redemption date to each holder of Notes to be redeemed at its registered address. For so long as the Notes are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and for so long as the rules of such exchange require, notices of redemption will be published once by the Trustee, not less than five business days prior to the redemption date, in a newspaper having general circulation in Luxembourg, which is expected to be Luxemburger Wort or if such newspaper ceases to be published or timely publication in it will not be practicable, in such other newspaper as the Trustee deems necessary to give fair and reasonable notice to the holders of Notes. Notices may also be published on the internet site of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange at www.bourse.lu.

 

Notices of redemption may not be conditional.

 

If any Note is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption that relates to that Note shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. A new Note in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original Note will be issued in the name of the holder thereof upon surrender of the original Note. Notes called for redemption become due on the date fixed for redemption. On and after the redemption date, interest will cease to accrue on Notes or portions of them called for redemption.

 

Redemption for Taxation Reasons

 

The Indenture provides that the Company may at any time redeem, in whole but not in part, the outstanding Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of redemption if it or any Guarantor has become or would become obligated to pay any Additional Amounts (as defined under the caption “— Additional Amounts”) in respect of the Notes as a result of:

 

 

Notwithstanding the preceding, no notice of redemption will be given earlier than 60 days prior to the earliest date on which the Company could be obligated to pay such Additional Amounts if a payment in respect of the Notes

was then due. Prior to giving notice of any such redemption, the Company will deliver to the Trustee (y) an Officers’ Certificate stating that the obligation to pay Additional Amounts cannot be avoided by the Company or any such Guarantor taking reasonable measures available to it and (z) a written opinion of an independent legal counsel to the Company to the effect that the circumstances referred to above exist.

 

Additional Amounts

 

The Indenture provides that payments made by or on behalf of the Company or any Guarantor under or with respect to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees will be made free and clear of and without withholding or deduction for or on account of any present or future tax, duty, levy, interest, assessment or other governmental charge (“Taxes”) imposed or levied by or on behalf of any jurisdiction in which the Company or any Guarantor (including any successor entities), is then organized or resident for tax purposes or any political subdivision thereof or therein or any jurisdiction by or through which payment is made (each, a “Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction”), unless the Company or any Guarantor (or any Paying Agent) is required to withhold or deduct Taxes under the laws of the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction or by the interpretation or administration thereof by the relevant taxing authority. If the Company or any Guarantor (or any Paying Agent) is so required to withhold or deduct any amount for or on account of Taxes from any payment made under or with respect to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, the Company or any such Guarantor (and each Paying Agent) will pay to each holder of the Notes that are outstanding on the date of the required payment, such additional amounts (“Additional Amounts”) as may be necessary so that the net amount received by such holder (including the Additional Amounts) after such withholding or deduction will not be less than the amount such holder would have received if such Taxes had not been withheld or deducted, provided that no Additional Amounts will be payable with respect to any Note:

 

 

 

The Company or any Guarantor will also make such withholding or deduction and remit the full amount deducted or withheld to the relevant authority in accordance with applicable law. The Company will furnish, within 60 days after the date the payment of any Taxes is due pursuant to applicable law, to the Trustee, copies of tax receipts (to the extent received from the relevant tax authorities in the usual course or as generally provided) evidencing that such payment has been made by the Company or any Guarantor. The Trustee will make such evidence available to the holders upon request.

 

At least 30 days prior to each date on which any payment under or with respect to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees is due and payable, if the Company or any Guarantor becomes obligated to pay Additional Amounts with respect to such payment, the Company will deliver to each Paying Agent an Officers’ Certificate stating the fact that such Additional Amounts will be payable, and the amount so payable and will set forth such other information as necessary to enable such Paying Agent to pay such Additional Amounts to the holders of the Notes on the payment date. Whenever in the Indenture or this prospectus there is mentioned, in any context, (a) the payment of principal (and premium, if any), (b) purchase prices in connection with a purchase of the Notes, (c) interest or (d) any other amount payable on or with respect to any of the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, such mention is deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional Amounts provided for in this section to the extent, that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable in respect thereof.

 

The Company or a Guarantor, as the case may be, will pay any present or future stamp, court or documentary taxes or any other excise or property taxes, charges or similar levies that arise in the United States, the Republic of France or in any jurisdiction in which a Paying Agent is located from the initial issue or registration of the Notes or on the enforcement of any payments with respect to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee.

 

The obligations of the Company or any Guarantor described in this “— Additional Amounts” section will survive the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture.

 

Mandatory Redemption

 

Except as set forth below under the caption “— Put Option of Holders”, the Company will not be required to make mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes.

 

Put Option of Holders

 

Change of Control

 

The Indenture provides that, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, each holder will have the right to require the Company to purchase all or any portion (equal to $100,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof) of the holder’s Notes, pursuant to the offer described below (the “Change of Control Offer”), at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of purchase (the “Change of Control Payment”).

 

Within 30 days following a Change of Control, the Company will give notice to each holder of Notes, in the manner described under the caption “— Notices”, and the Trustee describing the transaction that constitutes the Change of Control and offering to purchase the Notes on the date specified in such notice, which date shall be no earlier than 30 days and no later than 60 days from the date such notice is given (the “Change of Control Payment Date”), pursuant to the procedures required by the Indenture and described in such notice. The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the purchase of the Notes as a result of a

Change of Control. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the Change of Control provisions of the Indenture, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under the Change of Control provisions of the Indenture by virtue of such conflict.

 

On or before the Change of Control Payment Date, the Company will, to the extent lawful:

 

 

The Paying Agent will promptly deliver to each holder of the Notes so tendered the Change of Control Payment for such Notes, and the Trustee will promptly authenticate and mail (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to each holder a new Note equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered, if any; provided, however, that each such new Note will be in a principal amount of $100,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. The Company will publicly announce the results of the Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Change of Control Payment Date.

 

Except as described above with respect to a Change of Control, the Indenture does not contain provisions that permit the holders of the Notes to require that the Company purchase or redeem the Notes in the event of a takeover, recapitalization or similar transaction. In addition, the Company could enter into certain transactions, including acquisitions, refinancings or other recapitalizations, that could affect the Company’s capital structure or the value of the Notes, but that would not constitute a Change of Control. The occurrence of a Change of Control may result in a default under the agreement governing other senior indebtedness of the Company including the term loan facility, giving the lenders thereunder the right to require the Company to repay all outstanding obligations thereunder, possibly limiting the Company’s ability to purchase the Notes upon a Change of Control. The Company’s ability to purchase the Notes following a Change of Control may also be limited by the Company’s then existing financial resources. Should a Change of Control occur at a time when the Company lacks sufficient funds to make the Change of Control Payments or is prohibited from purchasing the Notes under instruments governing other senior indebtedness (and the Company is unable to obtain the consent of the holders of such senior indebtedness or to prepay such senior indebtedness), an Event of Default would occur under the Indenture. See “— Events of Default and Remedies”. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to the Notes–Although the occurrence of specific change of control events affecting us will permit you to require us to repurchase your notes, we may not be able to repurchase your notes”.

 

The provisions described above that require the Company to make a Change of Control Offer following a Change of Control will be applicable regardless of whether any other provisions of the Indenture are applicable. The Company will not be required to make a Change of Control Offer following a Change of Control if a third party makes the Change of Control Offer in the manner, at the times and otherwise in compliance with the requirements set forth in the Indenture applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by the Company and purchases all Notes validly tendered and not withdrawn under such Change of Control Offer.

 

A “Change of Control” will be deemed to have occurred upon the occurrence of any of the following:

 

 

 

provided, however, that a transaction in which the Company becomes a Subsidiary of another Person (other than a Person that is an individual) shall not constitute a Change of Control if (1) the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such transaction “beneficially own” (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, at least a majority of the voting power of the outstanding Voting Stock of such other Person immediately following the consummation of such transaction and (2) immediately following the consummation of such transaction, no “person” (as such term is defined above), other than such other Person (but including the holders of the Equity Interests of such other Person), “beneficially owns” (as such term is defined above), directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, more than 50% of the voting power of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company.

 

“Continuing Directors” means, as of any date of determination, any member of the Board of Directors who (a) was a member of the Board of Directors on the Issue Date or (b) was nominated for election to the Board of Directors with the approval of, or whose election to the Board of Directors was ratified by, at least a majority of the members of the Board of Directors who were members of the Board of Directors on the Issue Date or who were so elected to the Board of Directors thereafter.

 

The definition of Change of Control includes an event by which the Company sells, leases, transfers, conveys or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Although there is a limited body of case law interpreting the phrase “substantially all,” there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, the ability of a holder of Notes to require the Company to repurchase such Notes as a result of a sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of less than all of the properties or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, may be uncertain.

 

Asset Sales

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, consummate an Asset Sale (excluding for this purpose an Event of Loss) unless:

 

 

provided, however, that the amount of (1) any liabilities (as shown on the Company’s or such Restricted Subsidiary’s most recent balance sheet) of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (other than contingent liabilities and liabilities that are by their terms subordinated to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantee) that are assumed by the transferee of any such assets pursuant to a customary novation agreement that releases the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from further liability and (2) any securities, notes or other obligations received by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are converted within 180 days by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary into cash (to the extent of the cash received in that conversion) shall be deemed to be cash for purposes of this provision.

 

Within 365 days after the receipt of any Net Proceeds from an Asset Sale (including, without limitation, any Event of Loss), the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary may apply such Net Proceeds to (a) permanently

repay the principal of any Indebtedness of the Company ranking in right of payment at least pari passu with the Notes or any Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary (provided that if such Restricted Subsidiary is a Guarantor, then such Indebtedness shall rank in right of payment at least pari passu with its Subsidiary Guarantee), (b) make capital expenditures in respect of Strategic Assets or (c) acquire (including by way of a purchase of assets or a majority of the Voting Stock of a Person, by merger, by consolidation or otherwise) Strategic Assets, provided that if the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary enters into a binding agreement to acquire such Strategic Assets within such 365-day period, but the consummation of the transactions under such agreement has not occurred within such 365-day period and such agreement has not been terminated, then such 365-day period will be extended by 90 days to permit such consummation. If such consummation does not occur, or such agreement is terminated within such 90-day extension period, then the Company may apply, or cause such Restricted Subsidiary to apply, within 90 days after the end of such initial 90-day extension period or the effective date of such termination, whichever is earlier, such Net Proceeds as provided in clauses (a) through (c) of this paragraph. Pending the final application of any such Net Proceeds, the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary may temporarily reduce outstanding revolving credit borrowings or otherwise invest such Net Proceeds in any manner that is not prohibited by the Indenture. Any Net Proceeds from Asset Sales that are not applied or invested as provided in clauses (a) through (c) of this paragraph will be deemed to constitute “Excess Proceeds.”

 

When the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds exceeds €10,000,000, the Company will be required to make an offer to all holders of the Notes (an “Asset Sale Offer”) to purchase the maximum principal amount of the Notes that may be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds at an offer price in cash in an amount equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of purchase, in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Indenture; provided, however, that, if the Company is required to apply such Excess Proceeds to purchase, or to offer to purchase, any Pari Passu Indebtedness, the Company shall only be required to offer to purchase the maximum principal amount of the Notes that may be purchased out of the amount of such Excess Proceeds multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding and the denominator of which is the aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding plus the aggregate principal amount of Pari Passu Indebtedness outstanding. To the extent that the aggregate principal amount of the Notes tendered pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer is less than the amount that the Company is required to purchase, the Company may use any remaining Excess Proceeds for general corporate purposes in any manner not prohibited by the Indenture. If the aggregate principal amount of the Notes surrendered by holders thereof exceeds the amount that the Company is required to purchase, the Trustee shall select the Notes to be purchased on a pro rata basis. Upon completion of such offer to purchase, the amount of Excess Proceeds shall be reset at zero.

 

The Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, enter into or suffer to exist any agreement (other than any agreement governing the Company’s or any Restricted Subsidiary’s Credit Facilities) that would place any restriction of any kind (other than pursuant to law or regulation) on the ability of the Company to make an Asset Sale Offer. The agreements governing the Company’s existing Credit Facilities contain and the agreements governing the Company’s future Credit Facilities may contain prohibitions of certain events, including events that would constitute a Change of Control or an Asset Sale. In addition, the exercise by the holders of Notes of their right to require the Company to repurchase the Notes upon a Change of Control or an Asset Sale could cause a default under these other agreements, even if the Change of Control or Asset Sale itself does not, due to the financial effect of such repurchases on the Company. Finally, the Company’s ability to pay cash to the holders of Notes upon a repurchase may be limited by the Company’s then existing financial resources.

 

The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the purchase of the Notes as a result of an Asset Sale Offer. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the Asset Sale provisions of the Indenture, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under the Asset Sale provisions of the Indenture by virtue of such conflict.

Certain Covenants

 

Restricted Payments

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:

 

 

(all such payments and other actions set forth in clauses (a) through (c) above being collectively referred to as “Restricted Payments”), unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such Restricted Payment:

 

 

 

 

The preceding provisions will not prohibit any of the following:

 

 

The amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) shall be the fair market value on the date of the Restricted Payment of the asset(s) or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment. The fair market value of any non-cash Restricted Payment shall be determined in the manner contemplated by the definition of the term “fair market value”, and the results of such determination shall be evidenced by an Officers’ Certificate delivered to the Trustee. Not later than 10 business days following the date of making any Restricted Payment (other than a Restricted Payment permitted by clauses (b) through (d) of the preceding paragraph), the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that such Restricted Payment is permitted and setting forth the basis upon which the calculations required by the covenant “Restricted Payments” were computed.

 

Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Disqualified Stock

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to (collectively, “incur” or an “incurrence”) any Indebtedness (including, without limitation, any Acquired Indebtedness) and that the Company will not issue any Disqualified Stock and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to issue any shares of preferred stock; provided, however, that the Company or any Guarantor may incur Indebtedness or issue Disqualified Stock, and any Restricted Subsidiary may incur Acquired Indebtedness, in each case if the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio for the Company’s most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date on which such additional Indebtedness is incurred or such Disqualified Stock is issued would have been at least 3.0 to 1.0, determined on a pro forma basis (including a pro forma application of the net proceeds therefrom), as if the additional Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock had been issued or incurred, as the case may be, at the beginning of such four-quarter period.

 

The preceding paragraph will not apply to the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of any of the following Indebtedness:

 

 

 

The Indenture also provides that the Company will not, and will not permit any Guarantor to, directly or indirectly, incur any Indebtedness which by its terms (or by the terms of any agreement governing such Indebtedness) is subordinated to any other Indebtedness of the Company or of such Guarantor, as the case may be, unless such Indebtedness is also by its terms (or by the terms of any agreement governing such Indebtedness) made expressly subordinate to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees of such Guarantor, as the case may be, to the same extent and in the same manner as such Indebtedness is subordinated pursuant to subordination provisions that are most favorable to the holders of any other Indebtedness of the Company or of such Guarantor, as the case may be; provided, however, that no Indebtedness shall be deemed to be contractually subordinated in right of payment to any other Indebtedness solely by virtue of being unsecured.

 

For purposes of determining compliance with this “Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Disqualified Stock” covenant, if an item of proposed Indebtedness meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Indebtedness described in clauses (a) through (l) of the second paragraph, or is entitled to be incurred pursuant to the first paragraph, of this covenant, the Company will be permitted to classify such item of Indebtedness on the date of its incurrence, or later reclassify all or a portion of such item of Indebtedness, in any manner that complies with this covenant.

 

Liens

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, or any income or profits therefrom, except Permitted Liens, to secure (a) any Indebtedness of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (if it is not also a Guarantor), unless prior to, or contemporaneously therewith, the Notes are equally and ratably secured, or (b) any Indebtedness of any Guarantor, unless prior to, or contemporaneously therewith, the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Guarantor is equally and ratably secured; provided,

however, that if such Indebtedness is expressly subordinated to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee, the Lien securing such Indebtedness will be subordinated and junior to the Lien securing the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantee, as the case may be, with the same relative priority as such Indebtedness has with respect to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantee. The incurrence of secured Indebtedness by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries is subject to further limitations on the incurrence of Indebtedness as described under the caption “— Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Disqualified Stock”.

 

Sale-and-Leaseback Transactions

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, enter into any sale-and-leaseback transaction; provided, however, that the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, may enter into a sale-and-leaseback transaction if:

 

 

 

Issuances and Sales of Capital Stock of Restricted Subsidiaries

 

The Indenture provides that the Company (a) will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to, transfer, convey, sell or otherwise dispose of any Capital Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to any Person other than the Company or a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, and (b) will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to issue any of its Equity Interests to any Person other than to the Company or a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, (except, in the case of both clauses (a) and (b) above, as required in the manner described in clause (b) under the definition of “Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary”, provided that the business and management of the Restricted Subsidiary is, by contract or otherwise, controlled by the Company), unless:

 

 

For purposes of this covenant, the creation or perfection of a Lien on any Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to secure any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries will not be deemed to be a disposition of such Capital Stock, provided that any sale by the secured party of such Capital Stock following foreclosure of its Lien will be subject to this covenant.

Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to do any of the following:

 

 

except for such encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of:

 

 

 

Transactions with Affiliates

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, make any payment to, or sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets to, or purchase any property or assets from, or enter into or make or amend any transaction, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate (each of the foregoing, an “Affiliate Transaction”), unless:

 

 

provided, however, that the following shall be deemed not to be Affiliate Transactions:

 

 

 

Guarantees of Certain Indebtedness by Restricted Subsidiaries

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, to guarantee any Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor (the “Other Company Indebtedness”) other than Permitted Guarantees unless such Restricted Subsidiary (if it is not already a Guarantor) contemporaneously executes and delivers a Subsidiary Guarantee and a supplemental indenture to the Indenture in accordance with its terms, which Subsidiary Guarantee will be senior to such Restricted Subsidiary’s guarantee of such Other Company Indebtedness if such Other Company Indebtedness so guaranteed is subordinated Indebtedness.

 

Conduct of Business

 

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, engage in the conduct of any business other than the business being conducted on the Issue Date and such other businesses as are reasonably necessary or desirable to facilitate the conduct and operation of, or ancillary or reasonably related to, such businesses, except to the extent as would not be material to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

 

Anti-Layering

 

The Indenture provides that the Company will not and will not permit any Guarantor to incur, directly or indirectly, any Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to any Indebtedness of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, unless the Indebtedness so incurred is either pari passu with, or subordinated in right of payment to, the Notes or the relevant Subsidiary Guarantee, as the case may be.

 

Unsecured Indebtedness will not be deemed to be subordinated in right of payment to secured Indebtedness solely because it is unsecured, and Indebtedness that is not guaranteed by a particular Person is not deemed to be subordinated in right of payment to Indebtedness that is so guaranteed solely because it is not so guaranteed.

 

Reports

 

Whether or not the Company is required to do so by the rules and regulations of the Commission, so long as any Notes are outstanding, the Company will file with the Commission (unless the Commission will not accept such a filing):

 

 

Within 15 days of filing, or attempting to file, such information with the Commission, the Company shall furnish such information to the holders of the Notes.

 

For so long as the Notes are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and the rules of such stock exchange so require, the above information will also be made available in Luxembourg, free of charge, through the offices of the Paying Agent in Luxembourg.

 

In addition, the Company will furnish to the holders of the Notes and to prospective investors, upon the requests of such holders, any information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act so long as the Notes are not freely transferable under the Securities Act.

 

Future Designation of Restricted and Unrestricted Subsidiaries

 

The preceding covenants (including calculation of financial ratios and the determination of limitations on the incurrence of Indebtedness) may be affected by the designation by the Company of any existing or future Subsidiary of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, or by the redesignation by the Company of an Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary.

 

The Board of Directors may designate any Restricted Subsidiary to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary if such designation would not cause a Default. For purposes of making such designation, all outstanding Investments by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the Subsidiary so designated will be deemed to be Restricted Payments at the time of such designation, in an amount equal to the fair market value of such Investments at the time of such designation. Such designation will only be permitted if such Restricted Payments would be permitted by the terms of the Indenture at such time and if such Restricted Subsidiary otherwise meets the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary”. The Company may not designate any Restricted Subsidiary to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary at any time during which the Company maintains Investment Grade Status.

 

The Board of Directors may also redesignate any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary if such redesignation complies with the requirements of the Indenture described in the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary.” If the aggregate amount of all Restricted Payments calculated for purposes of the first paragraph of the covenant described under the caption “— Restricted Payments” above includes an Investment in an Unrestricted Subsidiary that subsequently becomes a Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to the terms of this paragraph, then the aggregate amount of such Restricted Payments will be reduced by the lesser of (a) an amount equal to the fair market value of the Investments previously made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in such Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time it becomes a Restricted Subsidiary and (b) the amount of such Investments.

 

Any designation or redesignation pursuant to this covenant by the Board of Directors will be evidenced by the filing with the Trustee of a Board Resolution giving effect to such action and evidencing the valuation of any Investment relating thereto (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors) and an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such action and valuation complied with the preceding requirements.

 

Effectiveness of Covenants and Events of Default

 

The covenants described under clauses (c) and (d) under “— Subsidiary Guarantees — Merger or Consolidation”, “— Certain Covenants — Restricted Payments”, “— Certain Covenants — Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Disqualified Stock”, “— Certain Covenants — Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries”, “— Certain Covenants — Transactions with Affiliates”, “— Certain Covenants — Conduct of Business”, “— Put Option of Holders — Asset Sales”, clauses (a)(1), (b) and (c) under “— Certain Covenants — Sale-and-Leaseback Transactions”, and “— Certain Covenants — Issuances and Sales of Capital Stock of Restricted Subsidiaries” and the Events of Default described under clauses (e) and (f)(4) under “— Events of Default and Remedies” (collectively, the “Suspended Provisions”) will no longer be in effect upon the Company attaining Investment Grade Status. If at any time the Company’s credit rating is downgraded from Investment Grade Status, then the Suspended Provisions will thereafter be reinstated as if such covenants had never been suspended and be applicable pursuant to the terms of the Indenture (including in connection with performing any calculation or assessment to determine compliance with the terms of the Indenture), unless and until the Company subsequently attains Investment Grade Status (in which event the Suspended Provisions shall again no longer be in effect for such time that the Company maintains Investment Grade Status); provided, however, that no Default, Event of Default or breach of any kind shall be deemed to exist under the Indenture with respect to the Suspended Provisions based on, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall bear any liability for, any actions taken or events occurring after the Company attains Investment Grade Status and before any reinstatement of such Suspended Provisions as provided above, or any actions taken at any time

pursuant to any contractual obligation arising prior to such reinstatement, regardless of whether such actions or events would have been permitted if the applicable Suspended Provisions remained in effect during such period. There can be no assurance that the Notes will ever achieve Investment Grade Status or that any such rating, if achieved, will be maintained.

 

Events of Default and Remedies

 

The Indenture provides that each of the following constitutes an Event of Default: