e10vq
Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
     
þ   Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended: December 31, 2008
     
o   Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Commission File Number: 1-33026
CommVault Systems, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware   22-3447504
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
     
2 Crescent Place
Oceanport, New Jersey

(Address of principal executive offices)
  07757
(Zip Code)
(732) 870-4000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by the Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ       No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
             
Large accelerated filer þ    Accelerated filer o    Non-accelerated filer   o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Smaller Reporting Company o 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o       No þ
As of January 29, 2009, there were 41,476,963 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.
 
 

 


 

COMMVAULT SYSTEMS, INC.
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
         
      Page  
Part I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
       
 
Item 1. Financial Statements and Notes
       
 
    1  
 
    2  
 
    3  
 
    4  
 
    5  
 
    16  
 
    29  
 
    30  
 
       
 
    31  
 
    31  
 
    32  
 
    32  
 
    32  
 
    33  
 
    33  
 
    34  
 
    35  
 EX-31.1
 EX-31.2
 EX-32.1
 EX-32.2

 


Table of Contents

CommVault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
                 
    December 31,     March 31,  
    2008     2008  
Assets
               
Current assets:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 100,831     $ 91,661  
Trade accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $256 at December 31, 2008 and $275 at March 31, 2008
    41,653       44,284  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    4,398       3,409  
Deferred tax assets
    14,941       15,348  
 
           
Total current assets
    161,823       154,702  
 
               
Deferred tax assets
    34,818       39,506  
Property and equipment, net
    6,085       5,868  
Other assets
    1,134       754  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 203,860     $ 200,830  
 
           
 
               
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 2,150     $ 2,218  
Accrued liabilities
    20,481       22,623  
Deferred revenue
    58,139       52,348  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    80,770       77,189  
 
               
Deferred revenue, less current portion
    7,498       7,210  
Other liabilities
    7,303       6,896  
 
               
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock, $.01 par value: 50,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2008
           
Common stock, $.01 par value: 250,000 shares authorized, 41,449 shares and 42,750 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2008, respectively
    414       428  
Additional paid-in capital
    207,150       204,386  
Accumulated deficit
    (99,636 )     (94,922 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
    361       (357 )
 
           
Total stockholders’ equity
    108,289       109,535  
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 203,860     $ 200,830  
 
           
See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
                                 
    Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
    December 31,     December 31,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
Revenues:
                               
Software
  $ 31,345     $ 26,994     $ 94,205     $ 77,630  
Services
    28,706       23,304       84,177       64,063  
 
                       
Total revenues
    60,051       50,298       178,382       141,693  
 
                               
Cost of revenues:
                               
Software
    531       648       1,869       1,651  
Services
    7,314       6,315       21,315       17,775  
 
                       
Total cost of revenues
    7,845       6,963       23,184       19,426  
 
                       
Gross margin
    52,206       43,335       155,198       122,267  
 
                               
Operating expenses:
                               
Sales and marketing
    31,690       23,420       91,556       67,735  
Research and development
    7,703       6,818       22,891       19,944  
General and administrative
    5,756       6,010       19,670       17,266  
Depreciation and amortization
    912       795       2,716       2,217  
 
                       
Income from operations
    6,145       6,292       18,365       15,105  
 
                               
Interest expense
    (30 )           (57 )     (114 )
Interest income
    322       998       1,519       2,701  
 
                       
Income before income taxes
    6,437       7,290       19,827       17,692  
 
                               
Income tax (expense) benefit
    (2,554 )     908       (7,738 )     (3,077 )
 
                       
 
                               
Net income
  $ 3,883     $ 8,198     $ 12,089     $ 14,615  
 
                       
 
                               
Net income per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.09     $ 0.19     $ 0.29     $ 0.34  
 
                       
Diluted
  $ 0.09     $ 0.18     $ 0.27     $ 0.32  
 
                       
 
                               
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
                               
Basic
    41,436       43,518       42,139       42,991  
 
                       
Diluted
    43,068       46,136       44,184       45,593  
 
                       
See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
                                                 
                                    Accumulated        
                    Additional             Other        
    Common Stock     Paid - In     Accumulated     Comprehensive        
    Shares     Amount     Capital     Deficit     Income (Loss)     Total  
Balance as of March 31, 2008
    42,750     $ 428     $ 204,386     $ (94,922 )   $ (357 )   $ 109,535  
Stock-based compensation
                    8,135                       8,135  
Tax benefits relating to share-based payments
                    591                       591  
Exercise of common stock options and vesting of restricted stock units
    524       5       2,445                       2,450  
Repurchase of common stock
    (1,825 )     (19 )     (8,407 )     (16,803 )             (25,229 )
Comprehensive income:
                                               
Net income
                            12,089               12,089  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                    718       718  
 
                                             
Total Comprehensive income
                                            12,807  
 
                                   
Balance as of December 31, 2008
    41,449     $ 414     $ 207,150     $ (99,636 )   $ 361     $ 108,289  
 
                                   
See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
                 
    Nine Months Ended  
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Cash flows from operating activities
               
Net income
  $ 12,089     $ 14,615  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    2,796       2,326  
Noncash stock-based compensation
    8,135       6,233  
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
    (589 )     (4,497 )
Deferred income taxes
    2,931       (3,647 )
 
               
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable
    (679 )     (10,935 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    (1,230 )     313  
Other assets
    (504 )     (182 )
Accounts payable
    115       122  
Accrued liabilities
    2,669       8,239  
Deferred revenue and other liabilities
    10,909       10,807  
 
           
Net cash provided by operating activities
    36,642       23,394  
 
               
Cash flows from investing activities
               
Purchase of property and equipment
    (3,413 )     (3,083 )
 
           
Net cash used in investing activities
    (3,413 )     (3,083 )
 
               
Cash flows from financing activities
               
Repurchase of common stock
    (25,229 )      
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options
    2,450       8,108  
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
    589       4,497  
Net proceeds from follow-on public offering of common stock
          4,315  
Repayments on term loan
          (7,500 )
 
           
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    (22,190 )     9,420  
 
               
Effects of exchange rate — changes in cash
    (1,869 )     376  
 
           
 
               
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    9,170       30,107  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    91,661       65,001  
 
           
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 100,831     $ 95,108  
 
           
See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited
(In thousands, except per share data)
1. Nature of Business
     CommVault Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“CommVault” or the “Company”) is a leading provider of data and information management software applications and related services. The Company develops, markets and sells a suite of software applications and services, primarily in North America, Europe, Australia and Asia, that provides its customers with high-performance data protection; disaster recovery of data; data migration and archiving; global availability of data; replication of data; creation and management of copies of stored data; storage resource discovery and usage tracking; enterprise-wide search capabilities; data classification; and management and operational reports and troubleshooting tools. The Company’s unified suite of data management software applications, which is sold under the Simpana brand, shares an underlying architecture that has been developed to minimize the cost and complexity of managing data on globally distributed and networked storage infrastructures. The Company also provides its customers with a broad range of professional and customer support services.
2. Basis of Presentation
     The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2008 and for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2008. The results reported in these financial statements should not necessarily be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year. The balance sheet as of March 31, 2008 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.
3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
     There have been no significant changes in the Company’s accounting policies during the nine months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the significant accounting policies described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2008. A summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed below.
Use of Estimates
     The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the Company’s balance sheets and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported for each of its periods presented are affected by estimates and assumptions, which are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, income taxes and related reserves, stock-based compensation and accounting for research and development costs. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
Revenue Recognition
     The Company derives revenues from two primary sources, or elements: software licenses and services. Services include customer support, consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and training. A typical sales arrangement includes both of these elements. The Company applies the provisions of Statement of Position (“SOP”) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by SOP 98-4 and SOP 98-9, and related interpretations to all transactions to determine the recognition of revenue.
     For sales arrangements involving multiple elements, the Company recognizes revenue using the residual method as described in SOP 98-9. Under the residual method, the Company allocates and defers revenue for the undelivered elements based on relative fair value and recognizes the difference between the total arrangement fee and the amount deferred for the undelivered elements as revenue. The determination of fair value of the undelivered elements in multiple-element arrangements is based on the price charged when such elements are sold separately, which is commonly referred to as vendor-specific objective-evidence, or VSOE.
     The Company’s software licenses typically provide for a perpetual right to use the Company’s software and are sold on a per-copy basis or as site licenses. Site licenses give the customer the additional right to deploy the software on a limited basis during a specified term. The Company recognizes software revenue through direct sales channels upon receipt of a purchase order or other persuasive evidence and when all other basic revenue recognition criteria are met as described below. The Company recognizes software revenue through all indirect sales channels on a sell-through model. A sell-through model requires that the Company recognize revenue when the basic revenue recognition criteria are met as described below and these channels complete the sale of the Company’s software products to the end-user. Revenue from software licenses sold through an original equipment manufacturer partner is recognized upon the receipt of a royalty report or purchase order from that original equipment manufacturer partner.
     Services revenue includes revenue from customer support and other professional services. Customer support includes software updates on a when-and-if-available basis, telephone support and bug fixes or patches. Customer support revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the customer support agreement, which is typically one year. To determine the price for the customer support element when sold separately, the Company primarily uses historical renewal rates, and in certain cases, it uses stated renewal rates. Historical renewal rates are supported by performing an analysis in which the Company segregates its customer support renewal contracts into different classes based on specific criteria including, but not limited to, the dollar amount of the software purchased, the level of customer support being provided and the distribution channel. As a result of this analysis, the Company has concluded that it has established VSOE for the different classes of customer support when the support is sold as part of a multiple-element sales arrangement.
     The Company’s other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and training. Other professional services provided by the Company are not mandatory and can also be performed by the customer or a third-party. In addition to a signed purchase order, the Company’s consulting, assessment and design services and installation services are, in some cases, evidenced by a Statement of Work (“SOW”), which defines the specific scope of such services to be performed when sold and performed on a stand-alone basis or included in multiple-element sales arrangements. Revenues from consulting, assessment and design services and installation services are based upon a daily or weekly rate and are recognized when the services are completed. Training includes courses taught by the Company’s instructors or third-party contractors either at one of the Company’s facilities or at the customer’s site. Training fees are recognized after the training course has been provided. Based on the Company’s analysis of such other professional services transactions sold on a stand-alone basis, the Company has concluded it has established VSOE for such other professional services when sold in connection with a multiple-element sales arrangement. The Company generally performs its other professional services within 90 days of entering into an agreement. The price for other professional services has not materially changed for the periods presented.

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
     The Company has analyzed all of the undelivered elements included in its multiple-element sales arrangements and determined that VSOE of fair value exists to allocate revenues to services. Accordingly, assuming all basic revenue recognition criteria are met, software revenue is recognized upon delivery of the software license using the residual method in accordance with SOP 98-9.
     The Company considers the four basic revenue recognition criteria for each of the elements as follows:
    Persuasive evidence of an arrangement with the customer exists. The Company’s customary practice is to require a purchase order and, in some cases, a written contract signed by both the customer and the Company, or other persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists prior to recognizing revenue on an arrangement.
 
    Delivery or performance has occurred. The Company’s software applications are usually physically delivered to customers with standard transfer terms such as FOB shipping point. Software and/or software license keys for add-on orders or software updates are typically delivered in an electronic format. If products that are essential to the functionality of the delivered software in an arrangement have not been delivered, the Company does not consider delivery to have occurred. Services revenue is recognized when the services are completed, except for customer support, which is recognized ratably over the term of the customer support agreement, which is typically one year.
 
    Vendor’s fee is fixed or determinable. The fee customers pay for software applications, customer support and other professional services is negotiated at the outset of a sales arrangement. The fees are therefore considered to be fixed or determinable at the inception of the arrangement.
 
    Collection is probable. Probability of collection is assessed on a customer-by-customer basis. Each new customer undergoes a credit review process to evaluate its financial position and ability to pay. If the Company determines from the outset of an arrangement that collection is not probable based upon the review process, revenue is recognized at the earlier of when cash is collected or when sufficient credit becomes available, assuming all of the other basic revenue recognition criteria are met.
     The Company’s sales arrangements generally do not include acceptance clauses. However, if an arrangement does include an acceptance clause, revenue for such an arrangement is deferred and recognized upon acceptance. Acceptance occurs upon the earliest of receipt of a written customer acceptance, waiver of customer acceptance or expiration of the acceptance period.

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
Net Income per Common Share
     The Company calculates net income per share in accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares during the period. Diluted net income per common share is computed by giving effect to all potential dilutive common shares. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per common share:
                                 
    Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
    December 31,     December 31,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
Net income
  $ 3,883     $ 8,198     $ 12,089     $ 14,615  
 
                       
Basic net income per common share:
                               
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
    41,436       43,518       42,139       42,991  
 
                       
Basic net income per common share
  $ 0.09     $ 0.19     $ 0.29     $ 0.34  
 
                       
 
Diluted net income per common share:
                               
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
    41,436       43,518       42,139       42,991  
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units
    1,632       2,618       2,045       2,602  
 
                       
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
    43,068       46,136       44,184       45,593  
 
                       
Diluted net income per common share
  $ 0.09     $ 0.18     $ 0.27     $ 0.32  
 
                       
     The diluted weighted average shares outstanding in the table above exclude outstanding stock options and restricted stock units totaling approximately 3,574 and 1,320 for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and 2,924 and 1,108 for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
Concentration of Credit Risk
     The Company grants credit to customers in a wide variety of industries worldwide and generally does not require collateral. Credit losses relating to these customers have been minimal.
     Sales through the Company’s reseller and original equipment manufacturer agreements with Dell totaled 22% and 24% of total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Sales through the Company’s distribution agreement with Alternative Technologies, Inc. totaled 20% and 11% of total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These customers accounted for approximately 51% and 44% of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2008, respectively.
Deferred Revenue
     Deferred revenues represent amounts collected from, or invoiced to, customers in excess of revenues recognized. This results primarily from the billing of annual customer support agreements, as well as billings for other professional services fees that have not yet been performed by the Company and billings for license fees that are deferred due to insufficient persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists. The value of deferred revenues will increase or decrease based on the timing of invoices and recognition of software revenue. The Company expenses internal direct and incremental costs related to contract acquisition and origination as incurred.

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
     Deferred revenue consists of the following:
                 
    December 31, 2008     March 31, 2008  
Current:
               
Deferred software revenue
  $ 126     $ 304  
Deferred services revenue
    58,013       52,044  
 
           
 
  $ 58,139     $ 52,348  
 
           
Non-current:
               
Deferred services revenue
  $ 7,498     $ 7,210  
 
           
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
     On April 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, (“SFAS 123(R)”) using the modified prospective method. Under this transition method, the Company’s stock-based compensation costs beginning April 1, 2006 is based on a combination of the following: (1) all options granted prior to, but not vested as of April 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS 123 and (2) all options and restricted stock units granted subsequent to April 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with SFAS 123(R). As of December 31, 2008, there was approximately $30,101 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested stock option and restricted stock unit awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.04 years.
     Under SFAS 123(R), the Company estimated the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes formula. The average expected life was determined according to the “simplified method” as described in SAB 107 and 110, which is the mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term. The Company will continue to use the “simplified” method until it has enough historical experience to provide a reasonable estimate of expected term in accordance with SAB 110. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to U.S. Treasury yield curve rates with a remaining term equal to the expected life assumed at the date of grant. Forfeitures are estimated based on the Company’s historical analysis of actual stock option forfeitures.
     Expected volatility through the quarter ended September 30, 2008 was calculated based on reported data for a peer group of publicly traded companies for which historical information was available. During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, the Company began to incorporate its own data into the expected volatility assumption. The Company modified its expected volatility calculation because its common stock has now been publically traded for 2 years and it believes that CommVault specific volatility inputs should now be included in the calculation of expected volatility. As a result, expected volatility during the quarter ended December 31, 2008 was calculated based on a blended approach that included historical volatility of a peer group, the implied volatility of the Company’s traded options with a remaining maturity greater than six months and the historical realized volatility of the Company’ common stock from the date of its initial public offering to the respective stock option grant date.
     The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are as follows:
                                     
    Three Months Ended December 31,   Nine Months Ended December 31,
    2008   2007   2008   2007
Dividend yield
  None   None   None   None
Expected volatility
  40%-44%   43%   40%-44%   43%-47%
Weighted average expected volatility
  44%   43%   43%   47%
Risk-free interest rates
  1.77%-3.25%   3.76%-4.48%   1.77%-3.84%   3.76%-5.18%
Expected life (in years)
  6.39   6.25   6.37   6.25

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
     The following table presents the stock-based compensation expense included in cost of services revenue, sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
                                 
    Three Months Ended December 31,     Nine Months Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
Cost of services revenue
  $ 69     $ 44     $ 195     $ 119  
Sales and marketing
    1,371       1,073       3,770       2,990  
Research and development
    454       304       1,230       884  
General and administrative
    980       786       2,940       2,240  
 
                       
Stock-based compensation expense
  $ 2,874     $ 2,207     $ 8,135     $ 6,233  
 
                       
     The Company classifies benefits of tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized (excess tax benefits) as a financing item cash inflow with a corresponding operating cash outflow. For the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company includes $589 and $4,497, respectively, as a financing cash inflow.
Share Repurchases
     The Company considers all shares repurchased as cancelled shares restored to the status of authorized but unissued shares on the trade date. The aggregate purchase price of the shares of the Company’s common stock repurchased is reflected as a reduction to Stockholders’ Equity. In accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 6, Status of Accounting Research Bulletins, the Company accounted for shares repurchased as an adjustment to common stock (at par value) with the excess repurchase price allocated between additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit. As a result of the Company’s stock repurchases in the nine months ended December 31, 2008, the Company reduced common stock and additional paid-in capital by $8,426 and accumulated deficit by $16,803.
Foreign Currency Translation
     The functional currency of the Company’s foreign operations are deemed to be the local country’s currency. In accordance with SFAS No. 52, Foreign Currency Translation, the assets and liabilities of the Company’s international subsidiaries are translated at their respective year-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average currency exchange rates for the period. The resulting balance sheet translation adjustments are included in “other comprehensive income (loss)” and are reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. In addition, foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded in “general and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated Statement of Income. The Company recognized foreign currency transaction gains of $1,133 in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and recognized foreign currency transaction losses of $306 in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. To date, the Company has selectively hedged its exposure to foreign currency transaction gains and losses to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates on the balance sheet. However, in the future the Company anticipates that it will enter into additional foreign currency based hedging contracts to reduce such exposure.

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
Comprehensive Income
     The Company applies the provisions of SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income. Comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity, except those resulting from investments by stockholders and distribution to stockholders, and is reported in the statement of stockholders’ equity. Comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:
                                 
    Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
    December 31,     December 31,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
Net income
  $ 3,883     $ 8,198     $ 12,089     $ 14,615  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    435       (51 )     718       (361 )
 
                       
Total comprehensive income
  $ 4,318     $ 8,147     $ 12,807     $ 14,254  
 
                       
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards
     In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement 157, Fair Value Measurement (“Statement 157”). Statement 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and establishes a hierarchy that categorizes and prioritizes the sources to be used to estimate fair value. Statement 157 also expands financial statement disclosures about fair value measurements. On February 6, 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) 157-2, “Effective Date of Statement No. 157” which delays the effective date of Statement 157 for one year for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). As of December 31, 2008, the Company does not have any nonfinancial asset or nonfinancial liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis. Statement 157 and FSP 157-2 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company adopted SFAS No. 157 on April 1, 2008.
     Statement 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and establishes a hierarchy that categorizes and prioritizes the inputs to be used to estimate fair value. The three levels of inputs used are as follows:
     Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
     Level 2 – Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
     Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
     In accordance with FAS 157, included within our cash and cash equivalents are $88,140 of money market funds that are classified as Level 1 financial assets as of December 31, 2008.
     In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“Statement 159”). Statement 159 permits companies to choose to measure certain financial instruments at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. Statement 159 was effective for the Company on April 1, 2008. The Company has elected not to measure eligible financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Accordingly, the adoption of Statement 159 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
4. Credit Facility
     In July 2008, the Company entered into a credit facility in which the Company can borrow up to $40,000 over the initial 12 months of the credit facility. Borrowings under the facility are available to repurchase the Company’s common stock under its share repurchase program and to provide for working capital and general corporate purposes. The credit facility contains financial covenants that require the Company to maintain a quick ratio and minimum earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), as defined in the credit agreement.
     Repayments of amounts borrowed under the credit facility will occur over a 2-year amortization period with a maximum maturity date of July 2011. Borrowings under the credit facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either a rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.5% or the bank’s base rate, as defined in the credit agreement. The credit facility also contains a quarterly commitment fee based on the unused portion of the credit facility, which is recorded in Accrued Liabilities as of December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, the Company was in compliance with all required covenants, and there were no outstanding balances on the credit facility.
5. Contingencies
     In the normal course of its business, the Company may be involved in various claims, negotiations and legal actions; however, as of December 31, 2008, the Company is not party to any litigation that is expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
6. Capitalization
     In June 2007, the Company completed a follow-on public offering of 7,870 shares of common stock at a price of $17.00 per share. The Company sold 300 shares and certain stockholders of the Company sold 7,570 shares in this offering. As a result of its follow-on offering, the Company raised a total of $5,100 in gross proceeds, or approximately $4,315 in net proceeds after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering costs. In June 2007, the Company’s underwriters also exercised their over-allotment option and purchased an additional 1,172 shares of the Company’s common stock owned by affiliates of Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC at the public offering price of $17.00 per share. The Company did not receive any proceeds as a result of the underwriters exercise of their over-allotment option.
     In January 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program which authorized the Company to repurchase up to $40,000 of its common stock. In July 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized an additional $40,000 increase to the Company’s existing share repurchase program. In the nine months ending December 31, 2008, the Company repurchased approximately 1,825 shares with a total cost of approximately $25,229. The average price of the common stock repurchased during the nine months ended December 31, 2008 was $13.83 per share. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has repurchased approximately $40,242 under the share repurchase authorization.
     On November 13, 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted a Rights Plan and declared a dividend distribution of one Right for each outstanding share of common stock to shareholders of record on November 24, 2008. Each Right, when exercisable, entitles the registered holder to purchase one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of eighty dollars per one one-thousandth of a share, subject to adjustment. Of the 50,000 shares of preferred stock authorized under our certificate of incorporation, 150 have been designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred.
     The Rights will become exercisable following the tenth business day after (i) a person or group announces the acquisition of 15% or more of the Company’s common stock or (ii) commencement of a tender or exchange offer, the consummation of which would result in ownership by the person or group of 15% or more of the Company’s common stock. The Company is also entitled to redeem the Rights at $0.001 per right under certain circumstances. The Rights expire on November 14, 2018, if not exercised or redeemed.

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
7. Stock Plans
     As of December 31, 2008, the Company maintains two stock incentive plans, the 1996 Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) and the 2006 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (the “LTIP”).
     Under the Plan, the Company may grant non-qualified stock options to purchase 11,705 shares of common stock to certain officers and employees. Stock options are granted at the discretion of the Board and expire 10 years from the date of the grant. As of December 31, 2008, there were 536 options available for future grant under the Plan.
     The LTIP permits the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance stock awards and stock unit awards based on, or related to, shares of the Company’s common stock. On each April 1, the number of shares available for issuance under the LTIP is increased, if applicable, such that the total number of shares available for awards under the LTIP as of any April 1 is equal to 5% of the number of outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock on that April 1. As a result, there were 2,138 shares available for future issuance under the LTIP at April 1, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 407 shares were available for future issuance under the LTIP.
     As of December 31, 2008, the Company has granted non-qualified stock options and restricted stock units under its stock incentive plans. Equity awards granted by the Company under its stock incentive plans generally vest quarterly over a four-year period, except that the shares that would otherwise vest quarterly over the first 12 months do not vest until the first anniversary of the grant. The Company anticipates that future grants under its stock incentive plans will continue to include both non-qualified stock options and restricted stock units.
     The following summarizes the activity for the Company’s two stock incentive plans for the nine months ended December 31, 2008:
                                 
                    Weighted-        
                    Average        
            Weighted-     Remaining        
    Number     Average     Contractual     Aggregate  
    of     Exercise     Term     Intrinsic  
Options   Options     Price     (Years)     Value  
Outstanding as of March 31, 2008
    8,086     $ 8.84                  
Options granted
    1,294       11.35                  
Options exercised
    (414 )     5.92                  
Options canceled
    (134 )     12.07                  
 
                       
Outstanding as of December 31, 2008
    8,832     $ 9.30       6.57     $ 41,909  
 
                       
Vested or expected to vest as of December 31, 2008
    8,613     $ 9.18       6.47     $ 41,603  
 
                       
Exercisable as of December 31, 2008
    5,083     $ 6.89       4.88     $ 34,965  
 
                       
     The weighted average fair value of stock options granted was $5.02 and $5.15 during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008, respectively, and $9.94 and $8.98 during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2007, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $227 and $3,799 during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008, respectively, and $5,595 and $17,940 during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2007, respectively. The Company’s policy is to issue new shares upon exercise of options as the Company does not hold shares in treasury.

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
     Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 is as follows:
                 
            Weighted  
    Number of     Average Grant  
Non-vested Restricted Stock Units   Awards     Date Fair Value  
Non-vested as of March 31, 2008
    665     $ 15.81  
Awarded
    551       11.96  
Released
    (110 )     17.46  
Forfeited
    (50 )     16.18  
 
           
Non-vested as of December 31, 2008
    1,056     $ 13.61  
 
           
8. Income Taxes
     Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and the amount used for income tax purposes. The Company’s net deferred tax assets relate primarily to net operating loss (NOL) carry forwards, research and development tax credits (R&D credits), depreciation and amortization, deferred revenue and stock-based compensation. The Company assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent that the Company believes recovery is not likely, the Company establishes a valuation allowance. In addition, the Company reviews the expected annual effective income tax rate and makes changes on a quarterly basis as necessary based on certain factors such as changes in forecasted annual income, changes to the actual and forecasted permanent book-to-tax differences, or changes resulting from the impact of a tax law change.
     The provision for income taxes for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008 was $2,554 and $7,738, respectively, with effective tax rates of approximately 40% and 39%, respectively. The effective rates in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008 are higher than the expected federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to state income taxes and permanent differences in the United States, partially offset by foreign tax credits and research credits. The research credits were recorded under the “Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008”, which was signed into law on October 3, 2008. Under the Act, the research credit was retroactively extended for amounts paid or incurred after December 31, 2007 and before January 1, 2010.
     The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2007 was ($908) and $3,077, respectively, with effective tax rates of (12%) and 17%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2007 differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily due to a reversal of the Company’s deferred income tax valuation allowance.
     Until the third quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company had recorded a valuation allowance in certain international jurisdictions primarily related to net operating loss carryforwards based on the Company’s assessment that the realization of the net deferred tax assets did not meet the “more than likely not” criterion under SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” During the quarter ended December 31, 2007, the Company modified its transfer pricing policies for software sold to certain of its international subsidiaries. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets in such international jurisdictions, the Company considered projected future income as part of its analysis. Due to the transfer pricing changes made during the quarter ended December 31, 2007, the Company projected that certain of its international subsidiaries will be in a profitable position for the foreseeable future. Therefore, the Company no longer believed that a valuation allowance was necessary against its deferred tax assets in these international operations and recorded a tax benefit of $2,372 related to the reversal of such valuation allowances. As of December 31, 2008, the Company does not maintain a valuation allowance against any of its deferred tax assets.
     The calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations in each of its tax jurisdictions. The number of years with open tax audits varies depending on the tax jurisdiction. A number of years may lapse before a particular matter is audited and finally resolved. The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement

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CommVault Systems, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Unaudited (Continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)
No. 109 (“FIN 48”). A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
         
Balance at March 31, 2008
  $ 4,942  
Additions for tax positions related to fiscal 2009
    145  
Additions for tax positions related to prior years
     
Settlements
     
Reductions related to the expiration of statutes of limitations
     
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2008
  $ 5,087  
 
     
     All of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits of $5,087, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective tax rate. The Company does not anticipate any material changes in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months. Components of the reserve are classified as either current or long-term in the consolidated balance sheet based on when the Company expects each of the items to be settled. Accordingly, the Company has recorded its unrecognized tax benefits of $5,087 and the related accrued interest and penalties of $1,528 in Other Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recorded in income tax expense. In the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008, the Company recognized $57 and $168 of interest and penalties in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
     The Company conducts business globally and as a result, files income tax returns in the United States and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as the United States, Australia, Canada, Germany, Netherlands and United Kingdom. The Company is not currently under audit in any tax jurisdiction. The following table summarizes the tax years in the Company’s major tax jurisdictions that remain subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities as of December 31, 2008. Due to NOL carryforwards, in some cases the tax years continue to remain subject to examination with respect to such NOLs.
     
    Years Subject to Income
Tax Jurisdiction   Tax Examination
U.S. Federal
  2001 - Present
New Jersey
  2001 - Present
Foreign jurisdictions
  2002 - Present

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Item 2 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
     You should read the following discussion and analysis along with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The statements in this discussion regarding our expectations of our future performance, liquidity and capital resources, and other non-historical statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2008. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.
Overview
     We are a leading provider of data and information management software applications and related services. We develop, market and sell a unified suite of data management software applications under the Simpana brand. Our Simpana software is designed to work together seamlessly from the ground up, sharing a single code and common function set (which we refer to as our Common Technology Engine), to deliver Data Protection, Archive, Replication, Search and Resource Management capabilities. With a single platform approach, Simpana is specifically designed to protect and manage data throughout its lifecycle in less time, at lower cost and with fewer resources than alternative solutions. Our products and capabilities enable our customers to deploy solutions for data protection, business continuance, corporate compliance and centralized management and reporting. We also provide our customers with a broad range of highly effective services that are delivered by our worldwide support and field operations. As of December 31, 2008, we had licensed our software applications to approximately 9,700 registered customers.
     Our Simpana software suite is comprised of the following five data and information management software application modules: Data Protection (Back-up & Recovery), Archive, Replication, Resource Management and Search. All of our software application modules share our Common Technology Engine. In addition to Back-up & Recovery, the subsequent release of our other software has substantially increased our addressable market. Each application module can be used individually or in combination with other application modules from our single platform suite.
     In December 2008, our CommVault Simpana 8.0 software suite (“Simpana 8”) was made available for public release. We believe that Simpana 8, which builds on and significantly expands our CommVault Simpana 7.0 software suite, will continue to create competitive differentiation in the data management related markets. During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, we recognized software revenue of approximately $0.4 million related to Simpana 8. On January 26, 2009, we made a public announcement that Simpana 8 was generally available on a worldwide basis. Simpana 8 is the largest software release in our history and includes advances in recovery management, data deduction, virtual server protection and content organization. We believe that Simpana 8 can meet a broad spectrum of customer’s discovery and recovery management requirements and eliminate the need for a myriad of point level products.
     In July 2007, we released our CommVault Simpana 7.0 software suite, which significantly expanded the breadth and depth of our existing data management suite at that time. We believe that our CommVault 7.0 software suite provided us the foundation to shift to providing information management solutions. CommVault Simpana 7.0 provided major enhancements to our existing Backup, Archiving and Replication products and also delivered new product features that are non backup related including Single Instancing, Advanced Archiving, Enterprise-wide Search and Discovery and Data Classification.
     We currently derive the majority of our software revenue from our Backup and Recovery software application. Sales of Backup and Recovery represented approximately 72% of our total software revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 77% of our total software revenue for fiscal 2008. In addition, we derive the majority of our services revenue from customer and technical support associated with our Backup and Recovery software application. The increase in software revenue generated by our non-Backup and Recovery software products, or Advanced Data and Information Management Products (“ADIM”), was primarily driven by new components and enhancements related to our CommVault Simpana 7.0 software suite. We anticipate that ADIM software revenue as an overall percentage of our total software revenue will increase in the future as we expand our domestic and

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international sales activities and continue to build brand awareness related to our full suite of software products. However, we anticipate that we will continue to derive a majority of our software and services revenue from our Backup and Recovery software application for the foreseeable future.
     Given the nature of the industry in which we operate, our software applications are subject to obsolescence. We continually develop and introduce updates to our existing software applications in order to keep pace with technological developments, evolving industry standards, changing customer requirements and competitive software applications that may render our existing software applications obsolete. For each of our software applications, we provide full support for the current generally available release and one prior release. When we declare a product release obsolete, a customer notice is delivered twelve months prior to the effective date of obsolescence announcing continuation of full product support for the first six months. We provide an additional six months of extended assistance support in which we only provide existing workarounds or fixes that do not require additional development activity. We do not have existing plans to make any of our software products permanently obsolete.
Sources of Revenues
     We derive the majority of our total revenues from sales of licenses of our software applications. We do not customize our software for a specific end-user customer. We sell our software applications to end-user customers both directly through our sales force and indirectly through our global network of value-added reseller partners, systems integrators, corporate resellers and original equipment manufacturers. Our software revenue was 53% of our total revenues in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 55% in the nine months ended December 31, 2007.
     Software revenue generated through indirect distribution channels was approximately 81% of total software revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and was approximately 80% of total software revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. Software revenue generated through direct distribution channels was approximately 19% of total software revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and was approximately 20% of total software revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The continued shift in software revenue generated through indirect distribution channels compared to our direct sales force is primarily the result of higher growth rates in software revenue from our international operations (which is almost exclusively transacted through indirect distribution). In addition, deals initiated by our direct sales force in the United States are sometimes transacted through indirect channels based on end-user customer requirements, which are not always in our control.  As such, there may be fluctuations in the dollars and percentage of software revenue generated through our direct distribution channels from time to time.  We believe that the growth of our software revenue, derived from both our indirect channel partners and direct sales force, are key attributes to our long-term growth strategy.  We will continue to invest in both our channel relationships and direct sales force in the future, but would expect more revenue to be generated through indirect distribution over the long term.  The failure of our indirect distribution channels or our direct sales force to effectively sell our software applications could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations.
     We have a worldwide reseller and an original equipment agreement with Dell. Our reseller agreement with Dell provides them the right to market, resell and distribute certain of our products to their customers. Our original equipment manufacture agreement with Dell is discussed more fully below. We generated approximately 22% of our total revenues through Dell in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and approximately 24% of our total revenue through Dell in the nine months ended December 31, 2007.
     We have original equipment manufacturer agreements with Dell and Hitachi Data Systems for them to market, sell and support our software applications and services on a stand-alone basis and/or incorporate our software applications into their own hardware products. Dell and Hitachi Data Systems have no obligation to recommend or offer our software applications exclusively or at all, and they have no minimum sales requirements and can terminate our relationship at any time. In addition, during fiscal 2008 we signed an original equipment manufacturer agreement with Bull SAS (“Bull”) pursuant to which they have agreed to market, sell, and support our software applications and services. A material portion of our software revenue is generated through these arrangements, and we expect this contribution to grow in the future. Sales through our original equipment manufacturer agreements accounted for 13% of our total revenues for both the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

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     In February 2007, we signed a wide-ranging distribution agreement with Alternative Technologies, Inc. (“ATI”), a subsidiary of Arrow Electronics, Inc., covering our North American commercial markets. In July 2007, we amended our agreement with ATI to include our U.S. federal government market. Pursuant to the distribution agreement, ATI’s primary role is to enable a more efficient and effective distribution channel for our products and services by managing our reseller partners and leveraging their own industry experience. Many of our North American resellers have now been transitioned to ATI. We generated approximately 20% of our total revenue through ATI in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and approximately 11% of our total revenue through ATI in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. If ATI were to discontinue or reduce the sales of our products or if our agreement with ATI was terminated, and if we were unable to take back the management of our reseller channel or find another North American distributor to replace ATI, then it could have a material adverse effect on our future revenues.
     In recent fiscal years, we have generated approximately two-thirds of our software revenue from our existing customer base and approximately one-third of our software revenue from new customers. In addition, our total software revenue in any particular period is, to a certain extent, dependent upon our ability to generate revenues from large customer software deals. We expect the number of software transactions over $0.1 million to increase throughout fiscal 2009, although the size and timing of any particular software transaction is more difficult to forecast. Such software transactions represented approximately 41% of our total software revenue in the nine months December 31, 2008 and approximately 35% of our total software revenue for all of fiscal 2008.
     Our services revenue is made up of fees from the delivery of customer support and other professional services, which are typically sold in connection with the sale of our software applications. Customer support agreements provide technical support and unspecified software updates on a when-and-if-available basis for an annual fee based on licenses purchased and the level of service subscribed. Other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, implementation and post-deployment services and training, all of which to date have predominantly been sold in connection with the sale of software applications. Our services revenue was 47% of our total revenues for nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 45% of our total revenues in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The gross margin of our services revenue was 74.7% in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 72.3% in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in the gross margin of our services revenue was primarily due to a higher percentage of our services revenue being derived from customer support agreements as a result of sales to new customers and renewal agreements with our installed customer base. Overall, our services revenue has lower gross margins than our software revenue. The gross margin of our software revenue was 98.0% in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 97.9% in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. An increase in the percentage of total revenues represented by services revenue may adversely affect our overall gross margins.
Description of Costs and Expenses
     Our cost of revenues is as follows:
    Cost of Software Revenue, consists primarily of third-party royalties and other costs such as media, manuals, translation and distribution costs; and
 
    Cost of Services Revenue, consists primarily of salary and employee benefit costs in providing customer support and other professional services.
     Our operating expenses are as follows:
    Sales and Marketing, consists primarily of salaries, commissions, employee benefits, stock-based compensation and other direct and indirect business expenses, including travel and related expenses, sales promotion expenses, public relations expenses and costs for marketing materials and other marketing events (such as trade shows and advertising);
 
    Research and Development, which is primarily the expense of developing new software applications and modifying existing software applications, consists principally of salaries, stock-based compensation and benefits for research and development personnel and related expenses; contract labor expense and

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      consulting fees as well as other expenses associated with the design, certification and testing of our software applications; and legal costs associated with the patent registration of such software applications;
 
    General and Administrative, consists primarily of salaries, stock-based compensation and benefits for our executive, accounting, human resources, legal, information systems and other administrative personnel. Also included in this category are other general corporate expenses, such as outside legal and accounting services, compliance costs and insurance; and
 
    Depreciation and Amortization, consists of depreciation expense primarily for computer equipment we use for information services and in our development and test labs.
     We anticipate that each of the above categories of operating expenses will increase in dollar amounts, but will decline as a percentage of total revenues in the long-term.
Critical Accounting Policies
     In presenting our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, we are required to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported therein. Some of the estimates and assumptions we are required to make relate to matters that are inherently uncertain as they pertain to future events. We base these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable and appropriate. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates. The following is a description of our accounting policies that we believe require subjective and complex judgments, which could potentially have a material effect on our reported financial condition or results of operations.
Revenue Recognition
     We recognize revenue in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Position (“SOP”) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by SOP 98-4 and SOP 98-9, and related interpretations. Our revenue recognition policy is based on complex rules that require us to make significant judgments and estimates. In applying our revenue recognition policy, we must determine which portions of our revenue are recognized currently (generally software revenue) and which portions must be deferred and recognized in future periods (generally services revenue). We analyze various factors including, but not limited to, the sales of undelivered services when sold on a stand-alone basis, our pricing policies, the credit-worthiness of our customers and resellers, accounts receivable aging data and contractual terms and conditions in helping us to make such judgments about revenue recognition. Changes in judgment on any of these factors could materially impact the timing and amount of revenue recognized in a given period.
     Currently, we derive revenues from two primary sources, or elements: software licenses and services. Services include customer support, consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and training. A typical sales arrangement includes both of these elements.
     For sales arrangements involving multiple elements, we recognize revenue using the residual method as described in SOP 98-9. Under the residual method, we allocate and defer revenue for the undelivered elements based on relative fair value and recognize the difference between the total arrangement fee and the amount deferred for the undelivered elements as revenue. The determination of fair value of the undelivered elements in multiple-element arrangements is based on the price charged when such elements are sold separately, which is commonly referred to as vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”).
     Software licenses typically provide for the perpetual right to use our software and are sold on a per copy basis or as site licenses. Site licenses give the customer the additional right to deploy the software on a limited basis during a specified term. We recognize software revenue through direct sales channels upon receipt of a purchase order or other persuasive evidence and when the other three basic revenue recognition criteria are met as described in the revenue recognition section in Note 3 of our “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.” We recognize software revenue through all indirect sales channels on a sell-through model. A sell-through model requires that we recognize revenue when the basic revenue recognition criteria are met and these channels complete the sale of our software products to the end-user. Revenue from software licenses sold through an original equipment manufacturer partner

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is recognized upon the receipt of a royalty report or purchase order from that original equipment manufacturer partner.
     Services revenue includes revenue from customer support and other professional services. Customer support includes software updates on a when-and-if-available basis, telephone support and bug fixes or patches. Customer support revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the customer support agreement, which is typically one year. To determine the price for the customer support element when sold separately, we primarily use historical renewal rates and, in certain cases, we use stated renewal rates. Historical renewal rates are supported by a rolling 12-month VSOE analysis in which we segregate our customer support renewal contracts into different classes based on specific criteria including, but not limited to, dollar amount of software purchased, level of customer support being provided and distribution channel. The purpose of such an analysis is to determine if the customer support element that is deferred at the time of a software sale is consistent with how it is sold on a stand-alone renewal basis.
     Our other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and training. Other professional services provided by us are not mandatory and can also be performed by the customer or a third-party. In addition to a signed purchase order, our consulting, assessment and design services and installation services are, in some cases, evidenced by a Statement of Work, which defines the specific scope of the services to be performed when sold and performed on a stand-alone basis or included in multiple-element sales arrangements. Revenues from consulting, assessment and design services and installation services are based upon a daily or weekly rate and are recognized when the services are completed. Training includes courses taught by our instructors or third-party contractors either at one of our facilities or at the customer’s site. Training fees are recognized after the training course has been provided. Based on our analysis of such other professional services transactions sold on a stand-alone basis, we have concluded we have established VSOE for such other professional services when sold in connection with a multiple-element sales arrangement.
     In summary, we have analyzed all of the undelivered elements included in our multiple-element sales arrangements and determined that we have VSOE of fair value to allocate revenues to services. Our analysis of the undelivered elements has provided us with results that are consistent with the estimates and assumptions used to determine the timing and amount of revenue recognized in our multiple-element sales arrangements. Accordingly, assuming all basic revenue recognition criteria are met, software revenue is recognized upon delivery of the software license using the residual method in accordance with SOP 98-9. We are not likely to materially change our pricing and discounting practices in the future.
     Our sales arrangements generally do not include acceptance clauses. However, if an arrangement does include an acceptance clause, we defer the revenue for such an arrangement and recognize it upon acceptance. Acceptance occurs upon the earliest of receipt of a written customer acceptance, waiver of customer acceptance or expiration of the acceptance period.
Stock-Based Compensation
     As of December 31, 2008, we maintain two stock incentive plans, which are described more fully in Note 7 of our “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.” We account for our stock incentive plans under the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123(R)”), which we adopted on April 1, 2006 using the modified prospective method. Under this transition method, our stock-based compensation costs beginning April 1, 2006 are based on a combination of the following: (1) all options granted prior to, but not vested as of April 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS 123 and (2) all options and restricted stock units granted subsequent to April 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with SFAS 123(R).
     Under SFAS 123(R), we estimated the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes formula. The fair value of restricted stock units awarded is determined based on the number of shares granted and the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. Compensation for all share-based payment awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. Forfeitures are estimated based on a historical analysis of our actual stock award forfeitures.

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     The average expected life was determined according to the “simplified method” as described in SAB 107 and 110, which is the mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term. We currently use the “simplified” method to estimate the expected term for share option grants as we do not have enough historical experience to provide a reasonable estimate due to the limited period our equity shares have been publicly traded. We will continue to use the “simplified” method until we have enough historical experience to provide a reasonable estimate of expected term in accordance with SAB 110. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to U.S. Treasury yield curve rates with a remaining term equal to the expected life assumed at the date of grant.
     Expected volatility through the quarter ended September 30, 2008 was calculated based on reported data for a peer group of publicly traded companies for which historical information was available. During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, we began to incorporate our own data into the expected volatility assumption. We modified our expected volatility calculation because our common stock has now been publically traded for 2 years and we believe that CommVault specific volatility inputs should now be included in the calculation of expected volatility. As a result, expected volatility during the quarter ended December 31, 2008 was calculated based on a blended approach that included historical volatility of a peer group, the implied volatility of our traded options with a remaining maturity greater than six months and the historical realized volatility of our common stock from the date of our initial public offering to the respective stock option grant date.
     The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:
                                     
    Three Months Ended December 31,   Nine Months Ended December 31,
    2008   2007   2008   2007
Dividend yield
  None   None   None   None
Expected volatility
  40%-44%   43%   40%-44%   43%-47%
Weighted average expected volatility
  44%   43%   43%   47%
Risk-free interest rates
  1.77%-3.25%   3.76%-4.48%   1.77%-3.84%   3.76%-5.18%
Expected life (in years)
  6.39   6.25   6.37   6.25
     The weighted average fair value of stock options granted was $5.02 and $5.15 during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008, respectively, and $9.94 and $8.98 during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2007, respectively. In addition, the weighted average fair value of restricted stock units awarded was $10.97 and $11.96 per share during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2008, respectively, and $20.56 and $17.66 per share during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, there was approximately $30.1 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested stock option and restricted stock unit awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.04 years.
Accounting for Income Taxes
     As part of the process of preparing our financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. We record this amount as a provision or benefit for taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. This process involves estimating our actual current tax exposure, including assessing the risks associated with tax audits, and assessing temporary differences resulting from different treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. As of December 31, 2008, we had deferred tax assets of approximately $49.8 million, which were primarily related to federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards and federal and state research tax credit carryforwards. We assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and to the extent that we believe recovery is not likely, we establish a valuation allowance. As of December 31, 2008, we do not maintain a valuation allowance against any of our deferred tax assets.
     On April 1, 2007, we adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”). As of December 31, 2008, we had unrecognized tax benefits of $5.1 million, all of which, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective tax rate. In addition, we have accrued interest and penalties of $1.5 million related to the unrecognized tax benefits. Interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits are recorded in income tax expense. We do not anticipate any material changes in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits

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(exclusive of interest) within the next twelve months. Components of the reserve are classified as either current or long-term in the consolidated balance sheet based on when we expect each of the items to be settled. Accordingly, our unrecognized tax benefits of $5.1 million and the related accrued interest and penalties of $1.5 million are included in Other Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
     We conduct business globally and as a result, file income tax returns in the United States and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, we are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as the United States, Australia, Canada, Germany, Netherlands and United Kingdom. We are not currently under audit in any tax jurisdiction. The following table summarizes the tax years in the major tax jurisdictions that remain subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities as of December 31, 2008. Due to NOL carryforwards, in some cases the tax years continue to remain subject to examination with respect to such NOL’s.
         
    Years Subject to Income
Tax Jurisdiction   Tax Examination
U.S. Federal
  2001 - Present
New Jersey
  2001 - Present
Foreign jurisdictions
  2002 - Present
Software Development Costs
     Research and development expenditures are charged to operations as incurred. SFAS No. 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed, requires capitalization of certain software development costs subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility. Based on our software development process, technological feasibility is established upon completion of a working model, which also requires certification and extensive testing. Costs incurred by us between completion of the working model and the point at which the product is ready for general release are immaterial.
Results of Operations
     The following table sets forth each of our sources of revenues and costs of revenues for the specified periods as a percentage of our total revenues for those periods:
                                 
    Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
    December 31,     December 31,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
Revenues:
                               
Software
    52 %     54 %     53 %     55 %
Services
    48       46       47       45  
 
                       
Total revenues
    100 %     100 %     100 %     100 %
 
                       
 
                               
Cost of revenues:
                               
Software
    1 %     1 %     1 %     1 %
Services
    12       13       12       13  
 
                       
Total cost of revenues
    13 %     14 %     13 %     14 %
 
                       
 
                               
Gross margin
    87 %     86 %     87 %     86 %

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Three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to three months ended December 31, 2007
Revenues
     Total revenues increased $9.8 million, or 19%, from $50.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $60.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008.
     Software Revenue. Software revenue increased $4.4 million, or 16%, from $27.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $31.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. Software revenue represented 52% of our total revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 54% in the three months ended December 31, 2007. The overall increase in software revenue was primarily driven by transactions greater than $0.1 million, which increased by $3.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007. As a result, software revenue derived from transactions greater than $0.1 million represented approximately 39% of our software revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2008 and approximately 33% of our software revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in software revenue derived from transactions greater than $0.1 million is primarily due a higher average dollar amount of such transactions. The number of transactions derived from such transactions increased 2% in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007.
     Software revenue derived from the United States increased 15% while software revenue derived from foreign locations grew 18% in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007. The growth in software revenue in foreign locations is primarily due to increases in Europe, Canada and Asia as we expand our international operations. The $4.4 million increase in software revenue includes movements in foreign exchange rates of approximately $1.9 million that negatively impacted our software revenue growth. As a result, the increase in software revenue in U.S. dollars is lower than our growth in local currency.
     Software revenue through our resellers increased $4.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007, and software revenue derived from our direct sales force increased $2.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in software revenue through our resellers is primarily due to the higher growth percentage of software generated in foreign locations, which is substantially sold through our channel partners. In addition, software revenue through our original equipment manufacturers decreased $1.7 million primarily due to lower revenue from our arrangements with Dell and Hitachi Data Systems.
     Services Revenue. Services revenue increased $5.4 million, or 23%, from $23.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $28.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. Services revenue represented 48% of our total revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 46% in the three months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in services revenue is primarily due to a $5.1 million increase in revenue from customer support agreements as a result of software sales to new customers and renewal agreements with our installed software base. The $5.4 million increase in services revenue includes movements in foreign exchange rates of approximately $1.2 million that negatively impacted our services revenue growth. As a result, the increase in services revenue in U.S. dollars is lower than our in growth local currency.
Cost of Revenues
     Total cost of revenues increased $0.9 million, or 13%, from $7.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $7.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. Total cost of revenues represented 13% of our total revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to 14% in the three months ended December 31, 2007.
     Cost of Software Revenue. Cost of software revenue decreased approximately $0.1 million, or 18%, from $0.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $0.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. Overall, cost of software revenue represented 2% of our total software revenue in both the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

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     Cost of Services Revenue. Cost of services revenue increased $1.0 million, or 16%, from $6.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $7.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. Cost of services revenue represented 25% of our services revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to 27% in the three months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in cost of services revenue is primarily due to a $1.0 million increase in third-party outsourcing costs to facilitate our services revenue growth.
Operating Expenses
     Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased $8.3 million, or 35%, from $23.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $31.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. The increase is primarily due to a $5.3 million increase in employee compensation and related expenses, which includes higher headcount costs as well as higher commissions on increased revenues. Sales and marketing expenses also increased due to a $1.1 million increase in travel and related expenses primarily due to increased headcount and a $0.6 million increase in advertising and marketing related expenses. The $8.3 million increase in sales and marketing expenses includes movements in foreign exchange rates of approximately $1.2 million that positively impacted our growth in sales and marketing expenses. As a result, the increase in sales and marketing expenses in U.S dollars is lower than our growth in local currency.
     Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased $0.9 million, or 13%, from $6.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $7.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. The increase is primarily due to $0.7 million of higher employee compensation and related expenses resulting from higher headcount.
     General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses decreased $0.3 million, or 4%, from $6.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $5.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. During the three months ended December 31, 2008, we recognized approximately $1.0 million of foreign currency transaction gains in general and administrative expenses. This compares to approximately $0.3 million of foreign currency transaction losses recognized in general and administrative expenses during the three months ended December 31, 2007. In addition, during the three months ended December 31, 2008, employee compensation and related expenses increased $0.5 million mainly from higher headcount and stock-based compensation expenses recorded in accordance with SFAS 123(R) increased $0.2 million.
     Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation expense increased $0.1 million, or 15%, from $0.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $0.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. This reflects higher depreciation associated with increased capital expenditures primarily for product development and other computer-related equipment.
Interest Income
     Interest income decreased $0.7 million, from $1.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007 to $0.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008. The decrease is primarily due to lower interest rates, partially offset by higher cash balances in our deposit accounts.
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit
     Income tax (expense) benefit was an expense of $2.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008 compared to a benefit of $0.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007. The effective rate of 40% in the three months ended December 31, 2008 is higher than the expected federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to state income taxes and permanent differences in the United States, partially offset by foreign tax credits and research credits. The research credits were recorded under the “Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008”, which was signed into law on October 3, 2008. Under the Act, the research credit was retroactively extended for amounts paid or incurred after December 31, 2007 and before January 1, 2010.
     The income tax benefit in the three months ended December 31, 2007 includes a $2.4 million reversal of our deferred income tax valuation allowance. Until the third quarter of fiscal 2008, we recorded a valuation allowance in certain international jurisdictions primarily related to net operating loss carryforwards based on our assessment that

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the realization of the net deferred tax assets did not meet the “more than likely not” criterion under SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” During the quarter ended December 31, 2007, we modified our transfer pricing policies for software sold to certain of our international subsidiaries. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets in such international jurisdictions, we considered projected future income as part of its analysis. Due to the transfer pricing changes made during the quarter ended December 31, 2007, we projected that certain of our international subsidiaries would be in a profitable position for the foreseeable future. Therefore, we no longer believed that a valuation allowance was necessary against the deferred tax assets in these international jurisdictions.
Nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to nine months ended December 31, 2007
Revenues
     Total revenues increased $36.7 million, or 26%, from $141.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $178.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008.
     Software Revenue. Software revenue increased $16.6 million, or 21%, from $77.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $94.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. Software revenue represented 53% of our total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 55% for the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The overall increase in software revenue was primarily driven by transactions greater than $0.1 million, which increased by $13.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2007. As a result, software revenue derived from transactions greater than $0.1 million represented approximately 41% of our software revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and approximately 32% of our software revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in software revenue derived from transactions greater than $0.1 million is primarily due to a 28% increase in the number of transactions of this type. In addition, the average dollar amount of such transactions was $0.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to $0.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007.
     Software revenue derived from the United States increased 10% while software revenue derived from foreign locations grew 40% in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The growth in software revenue in foreign locations is primarily due to increases in Europe, Canada and Australia as we expand our international operations. Movements in foreign exchange rates accounted for approximately $1.1 million of the $16.6 million increase in software revenue. As a result, the increase in software revenue in U.S. dollars is higher than our growth in local currency.
     Software revenue through our resellers increased $11.0 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2007, and software revenue derived from our direct sales force increased $1.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in software revenue through our resellers is primarily due to the higher growth percentage of software generated in foreign locations, which is substantially sold through our channel partners as well as higher revenue through our reseller agreement with Dell primarily in the United States, Canada and Europe. In addition, software revenue through our original equipment manufacturers contributed $4.0 million to our overall increase in software revenue primarily due to higher revenue from our arrangement with Hitachi Data Systems, partially offset by a reduction in revenue from our arrangement with Dell.
     Services Revenue. Services revenue increased $20.1 million, or 31%, from $64.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $84.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. Services revenue represented 47% of our total revenues in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to 45% in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in services revenue is primarily due to an $18.2 million increase in revenue from customer support agreements as a result of software sales to new customers and renewal agreements with our installed software base. Movements in foreign exchange rates accounted for approximately $0.8 million of the $20.1 million increase in services revenue. As a result, the increase in services revenue in U.S. dollars is higher than our growth in local currency.

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Cost of Revenues
     Total cost of revenues increased $3.8 million, or 19%, from $19.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $23.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. Total cost of revenues represented 13% of our total revenues in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to 14% in the nine months ended December 31, 2007.
     Cost of Software Revenue. Cost of software revenue increased approximately $0.2 million, or 13%, from $1.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $1.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. Cost of software revenue represented 2% of our total software revenue in both the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. The increase in cost of software revenue is primarily due to higher royalty costs associated with our CommVault Simpana 7.0 software suite.
     Cost of Services Revenue. Cost of services revenue increased $3.5 million, or 20%, from $17.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $21.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. Cost of services revenue represented 25% of our services revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to 28% in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The increase in cost of services revenue is primarily the result of higher employee compensation and travel expenses totaling approximately $1.2 million as well as a $2.1 million increase in third-party outsourcing costs to facilitate our services revenue growth.
Operating Expenses
     Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased $23.8 million, or 35%, from $67.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $91.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. The increase is primarily due to a $15.7 million increase in employee compensation and related expenses, which includes higher headcount costs as well as higher commissions on increased revenues. Sales and marketing expenses also increased due to a $3.3 million increase in travel and related expenses primarily due to increased headcount, a $1.5 million increase in advertising and marketing related expenses and $0.8 million in higher stock-based compensation expense recorded in accordance with SFAS 123(R). Movements in foreign exchange rates accounted for approximately $1.6 million of the total $23.8 million increase in sales and marketing expenses. As a result, the increase in sales and marketing expenses in U.S dollars is higher than our growth in local currency.
     Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased $2.9 million, or 15%, from $19.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $22.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. The increase is primarily due to $2.0 million of higher employee compensation resulting from higher headcount and a $0.3 million increase in stock-based compensation expense recorded in accordance with SFAS 123(R).
     General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased $2.4 million, or 14%, from $17.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $19.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. The increase is primarily due to a $1.3 million increase in employee compensation and related expenses resulting mainly from higher headcount, a $0.7 million increase in stock-based compensation expense recorded in accordance with SFAS 123(R), a $0.6 million increase in legal costs and a $0.4 million increase in compliance, accounting and insurance costs associated with being a public company. In addition, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2008 includes approximately $1.1 million of foreign currency transaction gains compared to approximately $0.3 million of foreign currency transaction losses recognized in general and administrative expenses during the nine months ended December 31, 2007.
     Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation expense increased $0.5 million, or 23%, from $2.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $2.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. This reflects higher depreciation associated with increased capital expenditures primarily for product development and other computer-related equipment.

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Interest Expense
     Interest expense was less than $0.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to $0.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007.
Interest Income
     Interest income decreased $1.2 million, from $2.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 to $1.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008. The decrease is primarily due to lower interest rates, partially offset by higher cash balances in our deposit accounts.
Income Tax Expense
     Income tax expense was $7.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 compared to $3.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The effective tax rate in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 was approximately 39% as compared to 17% in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The effective rate in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 is higher than the expected federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to state income taxes and permanent differences in the United States, partially offset by foreign tax credits and research credits.
     The income tax expense in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 includes a $2.4 million reversal of our deferred income tax valuation allowance. Until the third quarter of fiscal 2008, we recorded a valuation allowance in certain international jurisdictions primarily related to net operating loss carryforwards based on our assessment that the realization of the net deferred tax assets did not meet the “more than likely not” criterion under SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” During the quarter ended December 31, 2007, we modified our transfer pricing policies for software sold to certain of our international subsidiaries. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets in such international jurisdictions, we considered projected future income as part of its analysis. Due to the transfer pricing changes made during the quarter ended December 31, 2007, we projected that certain of our international subsidiaries would be in a profitable position for the foreseeable future. Therefore, we no longer believed that a valuation allowance was necessary against the deferred tax assets in these international jurisdictions.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
     As of December 31, 2008, our cash and cash equivalents balance of $100.8 million primarily consisted of money market funds. In recent fiscal years, our principal sources of liquidity have been cash provided by operations and cash provided from our public offerings of common stock. Historically, our principle source of liquidity had been cash provided by private placements of preferred equity securities and common stock.
     In January 2008, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program under which we were authorized to repurchase up to $40.0 million of our common stock. In July 2008, our Board of Directors authorized an additional $40.0 million increase to the existing share repurchase program. In the nine months ending December 31, 2008, we repurchased an approximately 1.8 million shares with a total cost of approximately $25.2 million. The average price of the common stock repurchased during the nine months ended December 31, 2008 was $13.83 per share. Under our share repurchase program, repurchased shares are constructively retired and returned to unissued status. As of February 4, 2009, we have repurchased approximately $40.2 million under the share repurchase authorization. As a result, we may repurchase an additional $39.8 million of our common stock through July 2009.
     In July 2008, we entered into a credit facility in which we can borrow up to $40.0 million over the initial 12 months of the credit facility. Borrowings under the facility are available to repurchase our common stock under the share repurchase program and to provide for working capital and general corporate purposes. The credit facility contains financial covenants that require us to maintain a quick ratio and minimum earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), as defined in the credit agreement. Repayments of amounts borrowed under the credit facility will occur over a 2-year amortization period with a maximum maturity date of July 2011. Borrowings under the credit facility bear interest, at our option, at either a rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.5% or the

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bank’s base rate, as defined in the credit agreement. The credit facility also contains a quarterly commitment fee based on the unused portion of the credit facility. As of December 31, 2008, we were in compliance with all required covenants, and there were no outstanding balances on the credit facility.
     In June 2007, we completed our follow-on public offering in June 2007 in which we sold 300,000 shares and certain of our stockholders sold 7,570,000 shares of common stock to the public at a price of $17.00 per share. After deducting the underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering costs, our net proceeds from the offering were approximately $4.3 million. During fiscal 2008, we used the net proceeds from our follow-on public offering, together with approximately $3.2 million of our existing cash, to pay approximately $7.5 million in satisfaction of the outstanding principal on our term loan.
     Net cash provided by operating activities was $36.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and $23.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. In the nine months ended December 31, 2008, cash generated by operating activities was primarily due to net income adjusted for the impact of non-cash charges and an increase in deferred revenue due to higher revenues. In the nine months ended December 31, 2007, cash generated by operating activities was primarily due to net income adjusted for the impact of non-cash charges and increases in deferred revenue and accrued liabilities, partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable due to higher revenues and timing of receipts during fiscal 2008. We anticipate that as our revenues continue to grow, our accounts receivable and deferred services revenue balances may increase over time as well.
     Net cash used in investing activities was $3.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008, and $3.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. Cash used in investing activities in each period was due to purchases of property and equipment related to the growth in our business as we continue to invest in and enhance our global infrastructure. We anticipate that as our business grows we will continue to explore opportunities to invest in our global infrastructure.
     Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities was $(22.2) million in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and $9.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2007. The cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 was due to $25.2 million used to repurchase shares of our common stock under our repurchase program, partially offset by $2.5 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options. The cash provided by financing activities in the nine months ended December 31, 2007 was due to $8.1 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options, $4.5 million of excess tax benefits recognized as a result of the stock option exercises and $4.3 million of net proceeds generated from our follow-on public offering, partially offset by the cash use of $7.5 million in principal repayment on our term loan.
     Working capital increased $3.5 million from $77.5 million as of March 31, 2008 to $81.1 million as of December 31, 2008. The increase in working capital is primarily due to a $9.2 million increase in cash and cash equivalents, partially offset by a $5.8 million increase in deferred revenue. The increase in cash and cash equivalents is primarily due to net income generated during the period, partially offset by cash used to repurchase our common stock under our share repurchase program.
     We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and cash from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. We cannot assure you that this will be the case or that our assumptions regarding revenues and expenses underlying this belief will be accurate. We may seek additional funding through public or private financings or other arrangements during this period. Adequate funds may not be available when needed or may not be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. If additional funds are raised by issuing equity securities, dilution to existing stockholders will result. If we raise additional funds by obtaining loans from third parties, the terms of those financing arrangements may include negative covenants or other restrictions on our business that could impair our operational flexibility, and would also require us to fund additional interest expense. If funding is insufficient at any time in the future, we may be unable to develop or enhance our products or services, take advantage of business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
     As of December 31, 2008, other than our operating leases, we do not have off-balance sheet financing arrangements, including any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities.
Indemnifications
     Certain of our software licensing agreements contain certain provisions that indemnify our customers from any claim, suit or proceeding arising from alleged or actual intellectual property infringement. These provisions continue in perpetuity along with our software licensing agreements. We have never incurred a liability relating to one of these indemnification provisions in the past and we believe that the likelihood of any future payout relating to these provisions is remote. Therefore, we have not recorded a liability during any period related to these indemnification provisions.
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards
     In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement 157, Fair Value Measurement (“Statement 157”). Statement 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and establishes a hierarchy that categorizes and prioritizes the sources to be used to estimate fair value. Statement 157 also expands financial statement disclosures about fair value measurements. On February 6, 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) 157-2, “Effective Date of Statement No. 157” which delays the effective date of Statement 157 for one year for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). Statement 157 and FSP 157-2 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. As of December 31, 2008, we do not have any nonfinancial asset or nonfinancial liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis. We adopted SFAS No. 157 on April 1, 2008.
     In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“Statement 159”). Statement 159 permits companies to choose to measure certain financial instruments at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. Statement 159 was effective for us on April 1, 2008. We have elected not to measure eligible financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Accordingly, the adoption of Statement 159 had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Item 3 — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
     As of December 31, 2008, our cash and cash equivalents balance consisted primarily of money market funds. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we are not subject to any material interest rate risk on these balances.
     In July 2008, we entered into a credit facility in which we can borrow up to $40.0 million over the initial 12 months of the credit facility. Borrowings under the credit facility bear interest, at our option, at either a rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.5% or the bank’s base rate, as defined in the credit agreement. As of December 31, 2008, there were no outstanding balances on the credit facility. As a result, we are currently not subject to any material interest rate risk on our credit facility.
Foreign Currency Risk
     As a global company, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Our international sales are generally denominated in foreign currencies, and this revenue could be materially affected by currency fluctuations. Approximately 39% of our sales were outside the United States in the nine months ended December 31, 2008 and 36% were outside the United States in fiscal 2008. Our primary exposures are to fluctuations in exchange rates for the U.S. dollar versus the Euro, and to a lesser extent, the Australian dollar, British pound sterling, Canadian dollar, Chinese yuan, Indian rupee and Singapore dollar. Changes in currency exchange

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rates could adversely affect our reported revenues and require us to reduce our prices to remain competitive in foreign markets, which could also have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Historically, we have periodically reviewed and revised the pricing of our products available to our customers in foreign countries and we have not maintained excess cash balances in foreign accounts. To date, we have selectively hedged our exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates on the balance sheet. However, in the future we anticipate that we will enter into additional foreign currency based hedging contracts to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates on the balance sheet. During the nine months ended December 31, 2008, we recognized approximately $1.1 million of foreign currency transaction gains in general and administrative expenses. This compares to approximately $0.7 million of foreign currency transaction losses recognized in general and administrative expenses during fiscal 2008.
     We estimate that a 10% change in all foreign exchange rates would impact our reported operating profit by approximately $2.3 million annually. This sensitivity analysis disregards the possibilities that rates can move in opposite directions and that losses from one geographic area may be offset by gains from another geographic area.
Item 4 — Controls and Procedures
     Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
     Our management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 31, 2008. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2008, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, in that they provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.
     Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
     There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the third quarter of fiscal year 2009 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
     Inherent Limitations on Internal Controls
     The Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our disclosures controls and procedures or our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
     From time to time, we are subject to claims in legal proceedings arising in the normal course of our business. We do not believe that we are party to any pending legal action that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our business or operating results.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
     Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2008 sets forth information relating to important risks and uncertainties that could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. Those risk factors continue to be relevant to understanding our business, financial condition or results of operations.
     The risk factors below described new or updated information from the risk factors described under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2008.
     Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial conditions or results of operations could be negatively affected. In that case, the trading price of our stock could decline, and our stockholders may lose part or all of their investment.
Certain provisions in our charter documents and agreements and Delaware law, as well as our stockholder rights plan, may inhibit potential acquisition bids for CommVault and prevent changes in our management.
     Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could depress the trading price of our common stock by acting to discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or changes in management that our stockholders might deem advantageous. Specific provisions in our certificate of incorporation include:
    our ability to issue preferred stock with terms that the board of directors may determine, without stockholder approval;
 
    a classified board in which only a third of the total board members will be elected at each annual stockholder meeting;
 
    advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and nominations; and
 
    limitations on convening stockholder meetings.
     In addition to the provision described above, on November 13, 2008, our board of directors adopted a stockholders rights plan and declared a dividend distribution of one Right for each outstanding share of our common stock to shareholders of record on November 24, 2008. Each Right, when exercisable, entitles the registered holder to purchase from us one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of $80 per one one-thousandth of a share, subject to adjustment. The Rights may discourage a third party from making an unsolicited proposal to acquire us, as exercise of the Rights would cause substantial dilution to such third party attempting to acquire us.
     As a result of the provisions in our certificate of incorporation and our stockholder rights plan, the price investors may be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock may be limited.

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     Also, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which imposes certain restrictions on mergers and other business combinations between us and any holder of 15% or more of our common stock. Further, certain of our employment agreements and incentive plans provide for vesting of stock options and/or payments to be made to the employees thereunder if their employment is terminated in connection with a change of control, which could discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition at a premium price.
We may be subject to information technology system failures, network disruptions and breaches in data security.
     Information technology system failures, network disruptions and breaches of data security could disrupt our operations by causing delays or cancellation of customer orders, impeding the shipment of software products, negatively affecting our service offerings, preventing the processing transactions and reporting of financial results. Information technology system failures, network disruptions and breaches of data security could also result in the unintentional disclosure of customer or our information as well as damage to our reputation. While management has taken steps to address these concerns by implementing sophisticated network security and internal control measures, there can be no assurance that a system failure or data security breach will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
     Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
     On January 30, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a share-repurchase program permitting us to repurchase up to $40.0 million of our common stock. On July 31, 2008, our Board of Directors authorized a $40.0 million increase to our existing share repurchase program. As of December 31, 2008, we have repurchased $40.2 million of common stock out of the $80.0 million in total that is authorized under our share repurchase program. As a result, we may repurchase an additional $39.8 million of common stock through July 2009.
     Set forth below is information regarding our stock repurchases during the three months ended December 31, 2008:
                                 
                    Total Number      
                    of Shares   Maximum Dollar
                    Purchased as   Amount of Shares
    Total   Average   Part of   That May Yet Be
    Number of   Price   Publicly   Purchased Under
    Shares   Paid per   Announced   the Plan
Period (1)   Purchased   Share   Plan   (In Thousands)
October 1 — October 31, 2008
    489,633     $ 9.90       489,633     $ 39,760  
November 1 — November 30, 2008
    200     $ 8.30       200     $ 39,758  
December 1 — December 31, 2008
        $           $  
 
                               
Total
    489,833     $ 9.90       489,833     $ 39,758  
 
                               
 
(1)   Based on trade date, not settlement date
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Securities Holders
None

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Item 5. Other Information
None
Item 6. Exhibits
     A list of exhibits filed herewith is included on the Exhibit Index, which immediately precedes such exhibits and is incorporated herein by reference.

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Signatures
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
         
CommVault Systems, Inc.
 
 
Dated: February 6, 2009  By:   /s/ N. Robert Hammer    
              N. Robert Hammer   
              Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer   
 
     
Dated: February 6, 2009  By:   /s/ Louis F. Miceli    
              Louis F. Miceli   
              Vice President, Chief Financial Officer   

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EXHIBIT INDEX
         
Exhibit    
No.   Description
 
  3.3    
Certification of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of CommVault Systems, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s Form 8-K dated November 14, 2008).
       
 
  4.2    
Rights Agreement between CommVault Systems, Inc. and Registrar and Transfer Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant’s Form 8-K dated November 14, 2008).
       
 
  31.1    
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
       
 
  31.2    
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
       
 
  32.1    
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
       
 
  32.2    
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

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