SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarter ended June 30, 2007
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc.
1166 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
(212) 345-5000
Commission file number 1-5998
State of Incorporation: Delaware
I.R.S. Employer Identification No. 36-2668272
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x. No ¨.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated Filer x. Accelerated Filer ¨ Non-Accelerated Filer ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨. No x.
As of July 31, 2007, there were outstanding 541,013,345 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of the registrant.
INFORMATION CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements, as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements, which express managements current views concerning future events or results, use words like anticipate, assume, believe, continue, estimate, expect, intend, plan, project and similar terms, and future or conditional tense verbs like could, should, will and would. For example, we may use forward-looking statements when addressing topics such as: future actions by regulators; the outcome of contingencies; changes in our business strategies and methods of generating revenue; the development and performance of our services and products; market and industry conditions, including competitive and pricing trends; changes in the composition or level of MMCs revenues; our cost structure and the outcome of restructuring and other cost-saving initiatives; share repurchase programs; the expected impact of acquisitions and dispositions; and MMCs cash flow and liquidity.
Forward-looking statements are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements include:
| the economic and reputational impact of litigation and regulatory proceedings described in the notes to our financial statements; |
| our ability to effectively deploy the proceeds received by MMC in August 2007 from the sale of Putnam, and the timing of our use of those proceeds; |
| our ability to achieve profitable revenue growth in our risk and insurance services segment by providing both traditional insurance brokerage services and additional risk advisory services; |
| our ability to retain existing clients and attract new business, and our ability to recruit and retain key employees; |
| revenue fluctuations in risk and insurance services relating to the net effect of new and lost business production and the timing of policy inception dates; |
| the impact on risk and insurance services commission revenues of changes in the availability of, and the premiums insurance carriers charge for, insurance and reinsurance products, including the impact on premium rates and market capacity attributable to catastrophic events such as hurricanes; |
| the impact on renewals in our risk and insurance services segment of pricing trends in particular insurance markets, fluctuations in the general level of economic activity and decisions by insureds with respect to the level of risk they will self-insure; |
| the impact on our consulting segment of pricing trends, utilization rates, legislative changes affecting client demand, and the general economic environment; |
| our ability to implement our restructuring initiatives and otherwise reduce or control expenses and achieve operating efficiencies, including our ability to generate anticipated savings and operational improvements from the actions we announced in September 2006; |
| the impact of competition, including with respect to pricing and the emergence of new competitors; |
| fluctuations in the value of Risk Capital Holdings investments; |
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| our exposure to potential liabilities arising from errors and omissions claims against us; |
| our ability to meet our financing needs by generating cash from operations and accessing external financing sources, including the potential impact of rating agency actions on our cost of financing or ability to borrow; |
| our ability to make strategic acquisitions and dispositions and to integrate, and realize expected synergies, savings or strategic benefits from, the businesses we acquire; |
| the impact on our operating results of foreign exchange fluctuations; |
| changes in applicable tax or accounting requirements, and potential income statement effects from the application of FIN 48 (Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes) and SFAS 142 (Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets); and |
| the impact of, and potential challenges in complying with, legislation and regulation in the jurisdictions in which we operate, particularly given the global scope of our businesses and the possibility of conflicting regulatory requirements across the jurisdictions in which we do business. |
The factors identified above are not exhaustive. MMC and its subsidiaries operate in a dynamic business environment in which new risks may emerge frequently. Accordingly, MMC cautions readers not to place undue reliance on its forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the dates on which they are made. MMC undertakes no obligation to update any such statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which it is made. Further information about factors that could materially affect our results of operations and financial condition is contained in the Risk Factors section of MMCs annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income
(In millions, except per share figures)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Revenue: |
||||||||||||
Service revenue |
$2,788 | $2,606 | $5,551 | $5,229 | ||||||||
Investment income (loss) |
31 | 28 | 80 | 79 | ||||||||
Operating revenue |
2,819 | 2,634 | 5,631 | 5,308 | ||||||||
Expense: |
||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
1,692 | 1,641 | 3,369 | 3,227 | ||||||||
Other operating expenses |
854 | 730 | 1,602 | 1,481 | ||||||||
Operating expenses |
2,546 | 2,371 | 4,971 | 4,708 | ||||||||
Operating income |
273 | 263 | 660 | 600 | ||||||||
Interest income |
15 | 12 | 34 | 27 | ||||||||
Interest expense |
(75 | ) | (78 | ) | (146 | ) | (156 | ) | ||||
Income before income taxes and minority interest |
213 | 197 | 548 | 471 | ||||||||
Income taxes |
70 | 64 | 176 | 137 | ||||||||
Minority interest, net of tax |
3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||
Income from Continuing Operations |
140 | 131 | 368 | 331 | ||||||||
Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax |
37 | 41 | 77 | 257 | ||||||||
Net Income |
$ 177 | $ 172 | $ 445 | $ 588 | ||||||||
Basic income per share Continuing Operations |
$ 0.26 | $ 0.24 | $ 0.67 | $ 0.60 | ||||||||
Net Income |
$ 0.32 | $ 0.31 | $ 0.81 | $ 1.07 | ||||||||
Diluted income per share Continuing Operations |
$ 0.25 | $ 0.24 | $ 0.66 | $ 0.60 | ||||||||
Net Income |
$ 0.31 | $ 0.31 | $ 0.79 | $ 1.05 | ||||||||
Weighted average number of shares outstanding Basic |
548 | 549 | 551 | 548 | ||||||||
Diluted |
558 | 555 | 560 | 555 | ||||||||
Dividends declared - per share |
$ 0.19 | $ 0.17 | $ 0.57 | $ 0.34 | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In millions of dollars)
(Unaudited)
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 |
|||||
ASSETS |
||||||
Current assets: |
||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ 1,117 | $ 2,015 | ||||
Receivables |
||||||
Commissions and fees |
2,697 | 2,340 | ||||
Advanced premiums and claims |
80 | 82 | ||||
Other |
435 | 452 | ||||
3,212 | 2,874 | |||||
Less-allowance for doubtful accounts and cancellations |
(184 | ) | (156 | ) | ||
Net receivables |
3,028 | 2,718 | ||||
Assets of discontinued operations |
1,570 | 1,921 | ||||
Other current assets |
294 | 322 | ||||
Total current assets |
6,009 | 6,976 | ||||
Goodwill and intangible assets |
7,606 | 7,595 | ||||
Fixed assets |
969 | 990 | ||||
(net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $1,487 at June 30, 2007 and $1,416 at December 31, 2006) |
||||||
Long-term investments |
99 | 124 | ||||
Pension related assets |
675 | 613 | ||||
Other assets |
1,831 | 1,839 | ||||
$17,189 | $18,137 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.
Continued
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Continued)
(In millions of dollars)
(Unaudited)
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 |
|||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||
Short-term debt |
$ 1,341 | $ 1,111 | ||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
2,519 | 2,486 | ||||
Regulatory settlements current portion |
175 | 178 | ||||
Accrued compensation and employee benefits |
788 | 1,230 | ||||
Accrued income taxes |
49 | 131 | ||||
Dividends payable |
104 | - | ||||
Liabilities of discontinued operations |
339 | 782 | ||||
Total current liabilities |
5,315 | 5,918 | ||||
Fiduciary liabilities |
3,875 | 3,587 | ||||
Less cash and investments held in a fiduciary capacity |
(3,875 | ) | (3,587 | ) | ||
- | - | |||||
Long-term debt |
3,608 | 3,860 | ||||
Regulatory settlements |
- | 173 | ||||
Retirement and post employment benefits |
1,051 | 1,085 | ||||
Liabilities for errors and omissions |
630 | 624 | ||||
Other liabilities |
926 | 658 | ||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||
Preferred stock, $1 par value, authorized 6,000,000 shares, none issued |
- | - | ||||
Common stock, $1 par value, authorized 1,600,000,000 shares, issued 560,641,640 shares at June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 |
561 | 561 | ||||
Additional paid-in capital |
1,097 | 1,138 | ||||
Retained earnings |
5,804 | 5,691 | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(1,160 | ) | (1,272 | ) | ||
6,302 | 6,118 | |||||
Less treasury shares, at cost, 18,502,587 shares at June 30, 2007 and 8,727,764 shares at December 31, 2006 |
(643 | ) | (299 | ) | ||
Total stockholders equity |
5,659 | 5,819 | ||||
$17,189 | $18,137 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions of dollars)
(Unaudited)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||
Operating cash flows: |
||||||
Net income |
$ 445 | $ 588 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used for operations: |
||||||
Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets and capitalized software |
194 | 178 | ||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
42 | 54 | ||||
Provision for deferred income taxes |
47 | 103 | ||||
Gains on investments |
(96 | ) | (86 | ) | ||
Disposition of assets |
6 | (170 | ) | |||
Accrual of stock-based compensation |
52 | 67 | ||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
||||||
Net receivables |
(367 | ) | (163 | ) | ||
Other current assets |
335 | (23 | ) | |||
Other assets |
35 | (101 | ) | |||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
(244 | ) | (110 | ) | ||
Accrued compensation and employee benefits |
(565 | ) | (482 | ) | ||
Accrued income taxes |
125 | (177 | ) | |||
Other liabilities |
(193 | ) | (124 | ) | ||
Effect of exchange rate changes |
20 | 71 | ||||
Net cash used for operations |
(164 | ) | (375 | ) | ||
Financing cash flows: |
||||||
Net increase in commercial paper |
478 | - | ||||
Proceeds from issuance of debt |
100 | 253 | ||||
Repayments of debt |
(608 | ) | (559 | ) | ||
Purchase of treasury shares |
(500 | ) | - | |||
Issuance of common stock |
123 | 116 | ||||
Dividends paid |
(210 | ) | (186 | ) | ||
Net cash used for financing activities |
(617 | ) | (376 | ) | ||
Investing cash flows: |
||||||
Capital expenditures |
(165 | ) | (128 | ) | ||
Net sales / (purchases) of long-term investments |
8 | (64 | ) | |||
Proceeds from sales related to fixed assets |
5 | 6 | ||||
Dispositions |
- | 364 | ||||
Acquisitions |
(2 | ) | (88 | ) | ||
Other, net |
2 | 31 | ||||
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities |
(152 | ) | 121 | |||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |
37 | 4 | ||||
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
(896 | ) | (626 | ) | ||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
2,089 | 2,033 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
1,193 | 1,407 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents reported as discontinued operations |
(76 | ) | (137 | ) | ||
Cash and cash equivalents continuing operations |
$1,117 | $1,270 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Nature of Operations
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. (MMC), a global professional services firm, is organized based on the different services that it offers. Under this organizational structure, MMCs business segments are risk and insurance services, risk consulting & technology, consulting and investment management. As noted below, on August 3, 2007 Great-West Lifeco Inc. completed its purchase of Putnam, MMCs investment management segment.
The risk and insurance services segment provides risk management and insurance broking, reinsurance broking and insurance program management services for businesses, public entities, insurance companies, associations, professional services organizations, and private clients. MMC conducts business in this segment through Marsh, Guy Carpenter and Risk Capital Holdings.
The consulting segment provides advice and services to the managements of organizations in the areas of human resource consulting, comprising retirement and investments, health & benefits, outsourcing and talent; and strategy and risk management consulting, comprising management consulting, organization design and change management, and economic consulting. MMC conducts business in this segment through Mercer HR and the Oliver Wyman Group.
The risk consulting & technology segment provides various risk consulting and related risk mitigation services to corporate, government, institutional and individual clients. These services fall into two main business groups: consulting, which includes corporate advisory & restructuring services, consulting services and security services; and technology-enabled services. MMC conducts business in this segment through Kroll.
MMC conducts business in its investment management segment through Putnam. On February 1, 2007, MMC announced that it had entered into an agreement with Great-West Lifeco Inc. (GWL), a majority-owned subsidiary of Power Financial Corporation, pursuant to which GWL agreed to purchase Putnam Investments Trust for $3.9 billion in cash. The purchase includes Putnams interest in the T.H. Lee private equity business. GWLs purchase of Putnam closed on August 3, 2007. The 2007 and comparative results of Putnam are included in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of income and consolidated balance sheets. The results of Putnam through August 2, 2007 will be included in MMCs results of discontinued operations in the third quarter of 2007.
2. Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by MMC pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
States of America, have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although MMC believes that the information and disclosure presented are adequate to make such information and disclosure not misleading. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in MMCs Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 (the 2006 10-K) and the financial information filed on Form 8-K dated June 11, 2007 (the June 2007 8-K), which reflects Putnam as a discontinued operation.
The financial information contained herein reflects all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006.
The caption Investment income (loss) in the consolidated statements of income comprises realized and unrealized gains and losses from investments recognized in current earnings. It includes other than temporary declines in the value of available for sale securities, the change in value of trading securities and the change in value of MMCs holdings in certain private equity funds. MMCs investments may include direct investments in insurance, consulting or investment management companies and investments in private equity funds.
3. Fiduciary Assets and Liabilities
In its capacity as an insurance broker or agent, MMC collects premiums from insureds and, after deducting its commissions, remits the premiums to the respective insurance underwriters. MMC also collects claims or refunds from underwriters on behalf of insureds. Unremitted insurance premiums and claims are held by MMC in a fiduciary capacity. Interest income on these fiduciary funds, included in service revenue, amounted to $96 million and $85 million for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Since fiduciary assets are not available for corporate use, they are shown in the consolidated balance sheets as an offset to fiduciary liabilities. At June 30, 2007, Putnam managed the investment of approximately $1.5 billion of the fiduciary assets.
Net uncollected premiums and claims and the related payables amounted to $9.8 billion at June 30, 2007 and $8.7 billion at December 31, 2006, respectively. MMC is not a principal to the contracts under which the right to receive premiums or the right to receive reimbursement of insured losses arise. Net uncollected premiums and claims and the related payables are, therefore, not assets and liabilities of MMC and are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
In certain instances, MMC advances premiums, refunds or claims to insurance underwriters or insureds prior to collection. These advances are made from corporate funds and are reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as receivables.
4. Per Share Data
Basic net income per share and income from continuing operations per share are calculated by dividing the respective after-tax income by the weighted average number of shares of MMCs common stock outstanding, excluding unvested restricted stock.
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Diluted net income per share and income from continuing operations per share are calculated by dividing the respective after-tax income by the weighted average common shares outstanding, which have been adjusted for the dilutive effect of potentially issuable common shares. Reconciliation of net income to net income for diluted earnings per share and basic weighted average common shares outstanding to diluted weighted average common shares outstanding is presented below. The reconciling items related to the calculation of diluted weighted average common shares outstanding is the same for continuing operations.
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
(In millions, except average stock price) | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ 177 | $ 172 | $ 445 | $ 588 | ||||||||
Less: Potential minority interest associated with the Putnam Class B Common Shares* |
(2 | ) | (3 | ) | (4 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||
Income for diluted earnings per share |
$ 175 | $ 169 | $ 441 | $ 583 | ||||||||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding |
548 | 549 | 551 | 548 | ||||||||
Dilutive effect of potentially issuable common shares |
10 | 6 | 9 | 7 | ||||||||
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding |
558 | 555 | 560 | 555 | ||||||||
Average stock price used to calculate common stock equivalents |
$31.38 | $28.79 | $30.63 | $29.78 | ||||||||
* | This item will not impact MMCs calculation of diluted earnings per share on a prospective basis after August 2, 2007. |
5. Supplemental Disclosures to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
The following schedule provides additional information concerning interest and income taxes paid for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006.
2007 | 2006 | |||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||
Interest paid |
$104 | $147 | ||
Income taxes paid |
$ 68 | $289 |
The consolidated cash flow statements include the cash flow impact of discontinued operations in each cash flow category. The cash flow impact of discontinued operations from the operating, financing and investing cash flow categories for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||
2007 | 2006 | ||||
(In millions of dollars) | |||||
Net cash provided by operations |
$11 | $ 50 | |||
Net cash used for financing activities |
$ (8) | $(16 | ) | ||
Net cash used for investing activities |
$ - | $(60 | ) |
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
6. Comprehensive Income
The components of comprehensive income for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 are as follows:
2007 | 2006 | |||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
$103 | $142 | ||||
Unrealized investment holding gains (losses), net of income taxes |
8 | (2 | ) | |||
Less: Reclassification adjustment for realized gains included in net income, net of income taxes |
(14 | ) | (12 | ) | ||
Adjustments related to pension/retiree plans |
15 | 3 | ||||
Other comprehensive income |
112 | 131 | ||||
Net income |
445 | 588 | ||||
Comprehensive income |
$557 | $719 | ||||
7. Acquisitions
During the second quarter of 2007, MMC made one acquisition for total purchase consideration of $7 million. The allocation of purchase consideration resulted in acquired goodwill which, along with contingent purchase consideration from prior year acquisitions, amounted to $12 million. Estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are subject to adjustment based on internal or external valuations as purchase accounting is finalized.
8. Discontinued Operations
On February 1, 2007, MMC announced that it had entered into an agreement with Great-West Lifeco Inc. (GWL), a majority-owned subsidiary of Power Financial Corporation, pursuant to which GWL agreed to purchase Putnam Investments Trust. GWLs purchase of Putnam closed on August 3, 2007. The account balances and activities of Putnam were segregated and reported as discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and the accompanying consolidated statements of income for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006. The gain from the transaction will be recognized in the third quarter of 2007.
In the fourth quarter of 2006, Kroll completed the sale of Kroll Security International (KSI), its international high-risk asset and personal protection business. The financial results of KSI for 2006 are included in discontinued operations.
In the first quarter of 2006, MMC determined that Price Forbes, its U.K.-based insurance wholesale operation, met the criteria for classification as a discontinued operation. The 2006 results of Price Forbes, which include a charge to reduce the carrying amount of its assets to fair value less cost to sell, are included in discontinued operations. MMC completed the sale of Price Forbes in September 2006.
MMC sold its majority interest in Sedgwick CMS Holdings (SCMS), a provider of claims management and associated productivity services, on January 31, 2006. The account balances and activities of SCMS were segregated and reported as discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of income for the six months ended June 30, 2006.
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Price Forbes and SCMS were part of MMCs risk and insurance services segment, while KSI was part of MMCs risk consulting & technology segment. Putnam represents the entire investment management segment.
Summarized Statements of Income data for discontinued operations is as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||
(In millions, except average share prices) | ||||||||
Total Revenue |
$330 | $348 | $686 | $736 | ||||
Income before provision for income tax |
$ 64 | $ 75 | $138 | $139 | ||||
Provision for income tax |
27 | 34 | 61 | 58 | ||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax |
37 | 41 | 77 | 81 | ||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations |
- | - | - | 306 | ||||
Provision for income tax |
- | - | - | 130 | ||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax |
- | - | - | 176 | ||||
Discontinued operations, net of tax |
$ 37 | $ 41 | $ 77 | $257 | ||||
Summarized Balance Sheet data for discontinued operations is as follows:
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 | |||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||
Assets of discontinued operations: |
||||
Current assets |
$ 633 | $ 779 | ||
Fixed assets, net |
45 | 53 | ||
Goodwill and intangible assets |
172 | 180 | ||
Long-term investments |
319 | 473 | ||
Other assets |
401 | 436 | ||
Total assets of discontinued operations |
$1,570 | $1,921 | ||
Liabilities of discontinued operations |
$ 339 | $ 782 | ||
9. Goodwill and Other Intangibles
Under SFAS 142, MMC is required to assess goodwill and any indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. MMC performs the annual impairment test for each of its reporting units during the third quarter of each year, using an external valuation firm to develop the fair value of its reporting units. Fair values of the reporting units are estimated using a market approach or a discounted cash flow model. Carrying values for the reporting units are based on balances at the prior quarter end and include directly identified assets and liabilities as well as an allocation of those assets and liabilities not recorded at the reporting unit level. Other intangible assets that are not deemed to have an indefinite life are amortized over their estimated lives and reviewed for impairment upon the occurrence of certain triggering events in accordance with applicable accounting literature.
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:
2007 | 2006 | ||||
(In millions of dollars) | |||||
Balance as of January 1, |
$7,206 | $7,121 | |||
Goodwill acquired |
12 | 90 | |||
Disposals |
- | (7 | ) | ||
Other adjustments (a) |
17 | 27 | |||
Balance as of June 30, |
$7,235 | $7,231 | |||
(a) | Primarily includes foreign exchange and purchase accounting adjustments. |
Goodwill allocable to each of MMCs reportable segments is as follows: Risk and Insurance Services, $3.7 billion; Risk Consulting & Technology, $1.6 billion; and Consulting, $1.9 billion.
Amortized intangible assets consist of the cost of client lists, client relationships and trade names acquired. The gross cost and accumulated amortization is as follows:
June 30, 2007 | December 31, 2006 | |||||||||||
Gross Cost |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount |
Gross Cost |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount | |||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Amortized intangibles |
$674 | $303 | $371 | $655 | $266 | $389 | ||||||
Aggregate amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and 2006, was $34 million and $45 million, respectively, and the estimated future aggregate amortization expense is as follows:
For the Years Ending December 31, | ||
Estimated Expense | ||
(In millions of dollars) | ||
2007 (including amounts incurred through June 30) |
$ 66 | |
2008 |
59 | |
2009 |
50 | |
2010 |
42 | |
2011 |
37 | |
Subsequent years |
151 | |
$405 | ||
10. Retirement Benefits
MMC maintains qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension plans for its U.S. and non-U.S. eligible employees. MMCs policy for funding its tax qualified defined benefit retirement plans is to contribute amounts at least sufficient to meet the funding requirements set forth by U.S. law and the laws of the non-U.S. jurisdictions in which MMC offers defined benefit plans.
The target asset allocation for the U.S. Plan is 70% equities and 30% fixed income, and for the U.K. Plan, which comprises approximately 90% of non-U.S. Plan assets, is 58% equities and 42% fixed income. As of the measurement date, the actual allocation of assets for the U.S. Plan was 75% to equities and 25% to fixed income, and for the U.K. Plan was 60% to equities and 40% to fixed income.
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
The components of the net periodic benefit cost for defined benefit and other postretirement plans are as follows:
Combined U.S. and significant non-U.S. Plans | ||||||||||||
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Postretirement Benefits |
|||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ 58 | $ 55 | $ 2 | $ 2 | ||||||||
Interest cost |
138 | 120 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(196 | ) | (170 | ) | - | - | ||||||
Amortization of prior service credit |
(13 | ) | (13 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||
Recognized actuarial loss |
51 | 61 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Net Periodic Benefit Cost |
$ 38 | $ 53 | $ 4 | $ 4 | ||||||||
Curtailment gain |
(2 | ) | - | - | - | |||||||
Settlement gain |
(2 | ) | - | - | - | |||||||
Special termination benefits |
- | 1 | - | - | ||||||||
Total Expense |
$ 34 | $ 54 | $ 4 | $ 4 | ||||||||
Combined U.S. and significant non-U.S. Plans | ||||||||||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Postretirement Benefits |
|||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ 113 | $ 110 | $ 3 | $ 3 | ||||||||
Interest cost |
274 | 236 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(389 | ) | (336 | ) | - | - | ||||||
Amortization of prior service credit |
(27 | ) | (26 | ) | (7 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Recognized actuarial loss |
100 | 116 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
Net Periodic Benefit Cost |
$ 71 | $ 100 | $ 6 | $ 6 | ||||||||
Curtailment gain (loss) |
(2 | ) | 3 | - | - | |||||||
Settlement gain (loss) |
(2 | ) | 5 | - | - | |||||||
Special termination benefits |
2 | 4 | - | - | ||||||||
Total Expense |
$ 69 | $ 112 | $ 6 | $ 6 | ||||||||
U.S. Plans only | ||||||||||||
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Postretirement Benefits |
|||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ 21 | $ 20 | $ 1 | $ 1 | ||||||||
Interest cost |
49 | 46 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(67 | ) | (63 | ) | - | - | ||||||
Amortization of prior service credit |
(13 | ) | (14 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||
Recognized actuarial loss |
20 | 26 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Net Periodic Benefit Cost |
$ 10 | $ 15 | $ 2 | $ 2 | ||||||||
-14-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
U.S. Plans only | ||||||||||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Postretirement Benefits |
|||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ 43 | $ 41 | $ 2 | $ 2 | ||||||||
Interest cost |
97 | 91 | 6 | 6 | ||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(133 | ) | (126 | ) | - | - | ||||||
Amortization of prior service credit |
(27 | ) | (27 | ) | (7 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Recognized actuarial loss |
39 | 48 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
Net Periodic Benefit Cost |
$ 19 | $ 27 | $ 3 | $ 3 | ||||||||
Significant non-U.S. Plans only | ||||||||||
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Postretirement Benefits | |||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||
Service cost |
$ 37 | $ 35 | $ 1 | $ 1 | ||||||
Interest cost |
89 | 74 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(129 | ) | (107 | ) | - | - | ||||
Amortization of prior service credit |
- | 1 | - | - | ||||||
Recognized actuarial loss |
31 | 35 | - | - | ||||||
Net Periodic Benefit Cost |
$ 28 | $ 38 | $ 2 | $ 2 | ||||||
Curtailment gain |
(2 | ) | - | - | - | |||||
Settlement gain |
(2 | ) | - | - | - | |||||
Special termination benefits |
- | 1 | - | - | ||||||
Total Expense |
$ 24 | $ 39 | $ 2 | $ 2 | ||||||
Significant non-U.S. Plans only | ||||||||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Postretirement Benefits | |||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||
Service cost |
$ 70 | $ 69 | $1 | $1 | ||||||
Interest cost |
177 | 145 | 2 | 2 | ||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(256 | ) | (210 | ) | - | - | ||||
Amortization of prior service credit |
- | 1 | - | - | ||||||
Recognized actuarial loss |
61 | 68 | - | - | ||||||
Net Periodic Benefit Cost |
$ 52 | $ 73 | $3 | $3 | ||||||
Curtailment (gain)/loss |
(2 | ) | 3 | - | - | |||||
Settlement (gain)/loss |
(2 | ) | 5 | - | - | |||||
Special termination benefits |
2 | 4 | - | - | ||||||
Total Expense |
$ 50 | $ 85 | $3 | $3 | ||||||
-15-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
The weighted average actuarial assumptions utilized to calculate the net periodic benefit costs for the U.S. and significant non-U.S. defined benefit plans are as follows:
Combined U.S. and significant non-U.S. Plans | ||||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Postretirement Benefits |
|||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Weighted average assumptions: |
||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
8.2 | % | 8.4 | % | - | - | ||||||
Discount rate |
5.4 | % | 5.1 | % | 5.8 | % | 5.6 | % | ||||
Rate of compensation increase |
3.8 | % | 3.8 | % | - | - |
11. Debt
MMCs outstanding debt is as follows:
June 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 | |||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||
Short-term: |
||||
Commercial paper |
$ 478 | $ - | ||
Bank borrowings |
105 | 8 | ||
Current portion of long-term debt |
758 | 1,103 | ||
$1,341 | $1,111 | |||
Long-term: |
||||
Senior notes 7.125% due 2009 |
$ 399 | $399 | ||
Senior notes 5.375% due 2007 (4.0% effective interest rate) |
- | 501 | ||
Senior notes 6.25% due 2012 (5.1% effective interest rate) |
261 | 262 | ||
Senior notes 3.625% due 2008 |
250 | 250 | ||
Senior notes 4.850% due 2013 |
249 | 249 | ||
Senior notes 5.875% due 2033 |
295 | 295 | ||
Senior notes 5.375% due 2014 |
647 | 647 | ||
Senior notes 3 year floating rate note due 2007 (5.5% at June 30, 2007) |
500 | 500 | ||
Senior notes 5.15% due 2010 |
548 | 548 | ||
Senior notes 5.75% due 2015 |
746 | 746 | ||
Mortgage 5.70% due 2035 |
465 | 467 | ||
Bank borrowings-International |
- | 94 | ||
Other |
6 | 5 | ||
4,366 | 4,963 | |||
Less current portion |
758 | 1,103 | ||
$3,608 | $3,860 | |||
The weighted average interest rates on MMCs outstanding short-term debt (excluding current portion of long-term debt) at June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 are 5.5% and 6.2%, respectively.
During the first quarter of 2007, MMCs 5.375%, $500 million senior notes matured and on July 13, 2007, MMCs 5.5% 3-year floating rate $500 million senior notes matured. MMC used commercial paper and bank borrowings, as well as cash on hand to manage liquidity, including the funding of the maturing bonds. Commercial paper borrowings at June 30, 2007 were $478 million.
In December 2005, MMC and certain of its foreign subsidiaries entered into a $1.2 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility. Subsidiary borrowings under the facility are
-16-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
unconditionally guaranteed by MMC. The facility expires in December 2010. The interest rate on this facility varies based upon the level of usage of the facility and MMCs credit ratings. The facility requires MMC to maintain certain coverage and leverage ratios which are tested quarterly. At June 30, 2007, approximately $100 million was outstanding under this facility.
12. Restructuring Costs
2006 Plan
In September 2006, MMC announced that it would undertake restructuring activities designed to enhance operational efficiencies and improve profitability (the 2006 Plan). The restructuring activities are expected to be implemented in several phases Phase 1, which began in September 2006 and is expected to be completed during the third quarter of 2007, and one or more additional phases. In connection with Phase 1 of the 2006 Plan, MMC incurred net restructuring charges of $7 million during the first six months of 2007, as follows: risk and insurance services, $5 million, primarily related to severance; and consulting, $2 million. Utilization of the 2006 Plan charges for Phase 1 is summarized as follows:
Accrued in 2006 |
Utilized in 2006 |
Utilized in 2007 |
Additions/ Changes in Estimates 2007 |
Remaining Liability at 6/30/07 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | |||||||||||||
Severance and benefits |
$59 | $(21 | ) | $(30 | ) | $5 | $13 | ||||||
Future rent on non-cancelable leases |
6 | (6 | ) | - | - | - | |||||||
Other exit costs (credits) |
(55 | ) | 58 | (5 | ) | 2 | - | ||||||
$10 | $31 | $(35 | ) | $7 | $13 | ||||||||
As part of its ongoing review of operations, Marsh has identified actions that are expected to result in the elimination of 170 employee positions through staff reductions and attrition. These actions are expected to result in charges of approximately $45 million related to severance and exit costs for facilities. In the first six months of 2007, Marsh incurred aggregate costs of $25 million related to these actions, primarily related to severance and exit costs for facilities. Utilization of the charges is as follows:
Accrued in 2006 |
Utilized in 2006 and 2007 |
Additions/ Changes in Estimates 2007 |
Remaining Liability at 6/30/07 | ||||||
(In millions of dollars) | |||||||||
Severance and benefits |
$ 7 | $(9 | ) | $23 | $21 | ||||
Future rent on non-cancelable leases |
7 | - | 2 | 9 | |||||
$14 | $(9 | ) | $25 | $30 | |||||
2005 Plan
In March 2005, MMC announced that it would undertake restructuring initiatives involving staff reductions and consolidations of facilities in response to MMCs business environment (the 2005 Plan). In connection with the 2005 Plan, MMC recorded a credit
-17-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
of $3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007, in risk and insurance services. Utilization of the 2005 Plan charges is summarized as follows:
Accrued in 2005 and 2006 |
Utilized in 2005 and 2006 |
Additions/ Changes in Estimates 2007 |
Utilized in 2007 |
Remaining Liability at 6/30/07 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | |||||||||||||
Severance and benefits |
$228 | $(215 | ) | $ 1 | $ (7 | ) | $ 7 | ||||||
Future rent on non-cancelable leases |
145 | (80 | ) | (2 | ) | (13 | ) | 50 | |||||
Other exit costs |
3 | 6 | (2 | ) | 1 | 8 | |||||||
$376 | $(289 | ) | $(3 | ) | $(19 | ) | $65 | ||||||
The expenses associated with the restructuring plans are included in Compensation and benefits or in Other operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income, and liabilities associated with these initiatives are classified on the consolidated balance sheets as Accounts payable, Other liabilities, or Accrued salaries, depending on the nature of the items.
13. Common Stock
In May 2007, MMC entered into a $500 million accelerated share repurchase agreement. Under the agreement, MMC received an initial delivery of 13,464,749 shares which were reflected as an increase in Treasury shares on the delivery date. The repurchase transaction was completed on July 26, 2007, at which time MMC received an additional 2,555,519 shares, resulting in a total repurchase of 16,020,268 shares at an average price to MMC of $31.21. The additional 2,555,519 shares will be reflected as an increase in Treasury shares as of July 26, 2007 and did not reduce either basic or diluted shares outstanding as of June 30, 2007.
14. Claims, Lawsuits and Other Contingencies
MMC and Marsh Litigation and Regulatory Matters
Brokerage Compensation Practices Settlement
In January 2005, MMC and its subsidiary Marsh Inc. (Marsh) entered into an agreement (the Settlement Agreement) with the New York State Attorney General (NYAG) and the New York State Insurance Department (NYSID) to settle a civil complaint filed in New York State court by NYAG in October 2004 (the NYAG Lawsuit) and a related citation (the Citation) issued by NYSID at approximately the same time. Among other things, the NYAG Lawsuit and the Citation had alleged that Marshs use of market service agreements with various insurance companies entailed fraudulent business practices, bid-rigging, illegal restraint of trade and other violations of the New York business and insurance statutes, and was not adequately disclosed to Marshs clients or MMCs investors. Following the announcement of the NYAG Lawsuit and related actions taken by MMC, MMCs stock price dropped from approximately $45 per share to a low of approximately $22.75 per share.
Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, MMC established a fund of $850 million (the Fund), payable over four years, for policyholder clients in the U.S. who placed insurance through Marsh between 2001 and 2004. Approximately 70,000 eligible policyholders
-18-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
have elected to receive an aggregate distribution of approximately $770 million under the Fund. Clients who elected to participate in the Fund tendered a release relating to the matters alleged in the NYAG Lawsuit and the Citation, except for claims that are based upon, arise out of or relate to the purchase or sale of MMC securities. No portion of the Fund represents a fine or penalty against MMC or Marsh and no portion of the Fund will revert to MMC or Marsh.
The Settlement Agreement does not relate to any former or current employees of Marsh. Since the filing of the NYAG Lawsuit, 12 former Marsh employees have pleaded guilty to New York criminal charges relating to the matters described therein. In September 2005, eight former Marsh employees (including one individual who has since pleaded guilty) were indicted on various counts relating to these same matters. The trial against two of these individuals began in April 2007.
Related Litigation
Numerous lawsuits have been commenced against MMC, one or more of its subsidiaries, and their current and former directors and officers, relating to matters alleged in the NYAG Lawsuit, including the following:
| Various putative class actions purportedly brought on behalf of policyholders were filed in or removed to several federal courts across the country. All of these federal putative class actions were transferred to the District of New Jersey for consolidated pretrial proceedings (the MDL Cases). |
In August 2005, two consolidated amended complaints were filed in the MDL Cases (one on behalf of a purported class of commercial policyholders and the second on behalf of a purported class of employee benefit policyholders), which as against MMC and certain affiliates allege statutory claims for violations of the Racketeering Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act and federal and state antitrust laws, together with common law claims for breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment. The complaints seek a variety of remedies, including unspecified monetary damages, treble damages, disgorgement, restitution, punitive damages, declaratory and injunctive relief, and attorneys fees and costs. The class periods alleged in the MDL Cases begin on August 26, 1994 and purport to continue to the date of any class certification. The plaintiffs have moved for class certification; a hearing on this motion has not yet been scheduled. On April 5, 2007, the district court dismissed without prejudice plaintiffs RICO and federal antitrust claims, as well as their state law claims. The plaintiffs have filed an amended complaint, and MMC has renewed its motions to dismiss.
In July 2007, a putative class action purportedly brought on behalf of policyholders was filed in federal court in the Southern District of Florida against MMC, Marsh, certain insurers and other insurance brokers. This putative class action relates to the same practices alleged in the NYAG Lawsuit, but with respect to insurance coverage placed with Certain Underwriters at Lloyds, London. MMC expects that this putative class action will be transferred to the District of New Jersey.
Four class or representative actions on behalf of policyholders are pending in state courts. There are also 24 actions brought by individual policyholders and others in federal and state courts relating to matters alleged in the NYAG Lawsuit. In addition, two putative class actions and one individual policyholder action are pending in Canada.
-19-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| In January 2005, the State of Connecticut brought an action against MMC, Marsh and certain Marsh subsidiaries in Connecticut Superior Court. As subsequently amended, the States complaint alleges that the defendants violated Connecticuts Unfair Trade Practices Act by accepting $50,000 from an insurer in connection with a placement Marsh made for the State; violated Connecticuts antitrust and unfair trade practices acts by engaging in bid-rigging and other improper conduct that purportedly damaged particular customers and inflated insurance premiums; improperly accepted contingent commissions and concealed these commissions from their clients; and engaged in negligent misrepresentation and breach of fiduciary duty. The State seeks various monetary damages and injunctive relief. Discovery has been stayed pending motions and related proceedings on the pleadings. |
| On March 14, 2006, the State of Florida brought an action against MMC, Marsh and certain Marsh subsidiaries in Florida state court, alleging that the defendants violated Floridas RICO and antitrust laws by engaging in bid-rigging and other improper conduct which inflated insurance premiums, and by receiving undisclosed additional compensation. The complaint alleges that these actions caused damage to the State, Florida governmental entities and Florida businesses and residents, and seeks the forfeiture of all undisclosed compensation, treble damages, civil penalties, attorneys fees and costs and injunctive and other equitable relief. Discovery has commenced in this action. |
| A consolidated purported class action is pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York on behalf of individuals and entities who purchased or acquired MMCs publicly-traded securities during the purported class period of October 14, 1999 to October 13, 2004 (the MMC SDNY Securities Case). The pending complaint of the lead plaintiffs in this action names MMC, Marsh, MMCs former CEO and one former Marsh officer as defendants. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that MMC artificially inflated its share price by making misrepresentations and omissions relating to Marshs market service agreements and business practices. Plaintiffs allege that MMC also failed to disclose alleged anti-competitive and illegal practices at Marsh, such as bid-rigging and soliciting fictitious quotes. |
The complaint includes factual allegations similar to those asserted in the NYAG Lawsuit, as well as factual allegations concerning alleged misconduct at MMCs subsidiaries Mercer and Putnam, and alleged conflicts of interest associated with MMCs former private equity subsidiary, MMC Capital. The complaint includes claims for violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Sections 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, based on MMCs allegedly false or incomplete disclosures. MMC has responded to the complaint and discovery in this matter has commenced. The federal securities claims in a separate shareholder action were transferred for consideration in connection with the federal securities claims asserted in the MMC SDNY Securities Case. The plaintiff in this separate action has purported to assert an individual claim under Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which MMC has moved to dismiss.
-20-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| A number of individual shareholder actions against MMC and others are pending in various state courts. One such action filed in California state court has been removed and transferred for inclusion in the MMC SDNY Securities case. Two related shareholder actions are pending in New York state court; and individual shareholder actions are also pending in Oregon and California state courts. |
| Several shareholder derivative actions are pending against MMCs current and former directors and officers. Six have been consolidated as a single action in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (the Delaware Derivative Action), and five have been consolidated as a single action in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the Federal Derivative Action). One action is pending in the New York Supreme Court for New York County. These shareholder derivative actions allege, among other things, that current and former directors and officers of MMC breached their fiduciary duties with respect to the alleged misconduct described in the NYAG Lawsuit, are liable to MMC for damages arising from their alleged breaches of fiduciary duty, and must contribute to or indemnify MMC for any damages MMC has suffered. The derivative action pending in the New York Supreme Court has been stayed pending resolution of the Federal Derivative Action. The Federal Derivative Action has been stayed in favor of the Delaware Derivative Action, which remains in its preliminary stages. |
MMC has also received six demand letters from stockholders asking the MMC Board of Directors to take appropriate legal action against those directors and officers who are alleged to have caused damages to MMC based on the facts alleged in the NYAG Lawsuit. MMC has advised the stockholders making demands that their demands remain under consideration by the MMC Board of Directors.
| A proceeding consolidating twenty purported class actions alleging violations of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA), is pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York on behalf of participants and beneficiaries of the Marsh & McLennan Companies Stock Investment Plan (the Plan). The consolidated class action complaint names MMC and various current and former employees, officers and directors as defendants and alleges, among other things, that in view of the purportedly fraudulent bidding activity and the receipt of contingent commissions pursuant to the market service agreements referred to above, the defendants knew or should have known that the investment of the Plans assets in MMC stock was imprudent. The consolidated complaint also asserts that certain defendants failed to provide the Plans participants with complete and accurate information about MMC stock, that certain defendants responsible for selecting, removing and monitoring other fiduciaries did not comply with ERISA, and that MMC knowingly participated in other defendants breaches of fiduciary duties. The consolidated complaint seeks, among other things, unspecified compensatory damages, injunctive relief and attorneys fees and costs. The amount of Plan assets invested in MMC stock at October 13, 2004 (immediately prior to the announcement of the NYAG Lawsuit) was approximately $1.2 billion. The consolidated complaint alleges that during the purported class period, which extends from July 1, 2000 until January 31, 2005, MMCs stock price fell from $52.22 to $32.50. In December 2006, the court granted in part and denied in part the motions to dismiss filed by MMC and the other defendants. Discovery is underway in this matter. |
-21-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| In February 2005, the plaintiffs in a shareholder derivative suit pending in the Delaware Court of Chancery (the AIG Delaware Suit) against the directors and officers of American International Group, Inc. (AIG) filed a consolidated complaint which, as subsequently amended, names as additional defendants MMC, Marsh, Marsh USA Inc., Marsh Global Broking Inc. (collectively, the MMC Corporate Defendants), MMCs former CEO, and five former Marsh employees who have pleaded guilty to certain criminal charges (the former CEO and former employees, together with the MMC Corporate Defendants, the MMC Defendants). The AIG Delaware Suit alleges, among other things, that the MMC Defendants, certain AIG employees and others engaged in conspiracy and common law fraud with respect to the alleged misconduct described in the NYAG Lawsuit, including, but not limited to, illegal bid-rigging and kickback schemes, and that AIG was harmed thereby. This action further alleges that the MMC Corporate Defendants aided and abetted the current and former directors and officers of AIG in breaching their fiduciary duties to AIG with respect to AIGs participation in the alleged misconduct and that the MMC Corporate Defendants were unjustly enriched. The consolidated complaint asserts that the MMC Defendants are liable to AIG for damages and also seeks the return of all contingent commission payments made by AIG to the MMC Corporate Defendants. |
In May 2005, the plaintiffs in a shareholder derivative suit pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the AIG Federal Suit) against the directors and officers of AIG filed a consolidated complaint naming MMC, Marsh USA, Inc., Marsh Global Broking, Inc. and MMCs former CEO as additional defendants. Based on similar factual allegations as in the AIG Delaware Suit, the plaintiffs assert claims against MMC and the former CEO for allegedly aiding and abetting breaches of fiduciary duties by AIGs directors and officers and for unjust enrichment, and seek damages and the disgorgement of contingent commissions. Following review of these derivative actions by a special litigation committee (SLC) set up by the AIG board of directors, the derivative plaintiffs in the AIG Delaware Suit have taken the position that their original complaint remains operative against the MMC Defendants and certain other defendants. The MMC Corporate Defendants have moved to dismiss with prejudice any outstanding claims against them in the AIG Delaware Suit, to the extent such claims exist. The AIG Federal Suit currently is stayed pursuant to a stipulated order.
In addition, plaintiffs counsel in a federal securities fraud purported class action against AIG and others (to which MMC is not a party) relating to price declines in AIGs stock has indicated that plaintiffs may assert claims against MMC in that action.
Related Regulatory Matters
| Following the filing of the NYAG Lawsuit, MMC and certain of its subsidiaries received notices of investigations and inquiries, together with requests for documents and information, from attorneys general, departments of insurance and other state and federal governmental entities in a number of jurisdictions (other than New York) that relate to the allegations in the NYAG Lawsuit. MMC and its subsidiaries have cooperated with these requests from regulators. MMC has been contacted by certain of the above state entities indicating that they may file civil actions or otherwise seek additional monetary or other remedies from MMC. |
-22-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Putnam-Related Matters
On August 3, 2007, Great-West Lifeco Inc. (GWL), a majority-owned subsidiary of Power Financial Corporation, closed its purchase of Putnam Investments Trust (the Putnam Closing). Under the terms of the stock purchase agreement with GWL (the Putnam Purchase Agreement), a copy of which is attached as Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by MMC with the SEC on February 1, 2007, MMC agreed to indemnify GWL with respect to certain Putnam-related litigation and regulatory matters following the Putnam Closing. The matters described below, insofar as they involve claims against Putnam, may be subject to MMCs indemnification obligations under the Putnam Purchase Agreement.
Market-Timing-Related Matters
In 2003 and 2004, Putnam entered into settlements (the Putnam Trading Settlements) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (the Massachusetts Securities Division) with respect to excessive short-term trading by certain former Putnam employees in shares of the Putnam mutual funds (the Putnam Funds). Pursuant to Article 11.02(a)(iii) of the Putnam Purchase Agreement, MMC agreed to indemnify GWL following the Putnam Closing for any and all Damages (as defined therein) resulting from, caused by or arising out of any claim, action, suit, investigation, proceeding or inquiry arising before December 31, 2008, that results from any alleged market timing activity (including frequent trading and late trading) in trading by any Person (as defined therein) in the Putnam Funds, as that term was used in the proceedings brought by the SEC and the Massachusetts Securities Division that were the subject of the Putnam Trading Settlements, to the extent occurring prior to the Putnam Closing.
MMC and Putnam have received a substantial number of civil complaints, filed in various state and federal courts, based on allegations of market-timing and, in some cases, late trading activities. All of the actions filed in federal court have been transferred, along with actions against other mutual fund complexes, to the United States District Court for the District of Maryland for coordinated or consolidated pretrial proceedings. The lead plaintiffs in those cases filed consolidated amended complaints in September 2004. MMC and Putnam have moved to dismiss the various complaints pending in federal court in Maryland, which are described below:
| Putnam is a defendant in a complaint filed on behalf of a putative class of investors in certain Putnam Funds (the Putnam Class Action). A separate complaint filed by certain fund investors purporting to assert derivative claims on behalf of all Putnam Funds (the Putnam Derivative Action) named as defendants MMC, Putnam, various Putnam affiliates, certain trustees of the Putnam Funds, certain present and former Putnam officers and employees, and persons and entities that allegedly engaged in or facilitated market-timing or late trading activities in the Putnam Funds. Both suits seek to recover unspecified damages allegedly suffered by the funds and their shareholders as a result of purported market-timing and late trading activity that allegedly occurred in certain Putnam Funds. The Putnam Derivative Action seeks additional relief, including termination of the investment advisory contracts between Putnam and the Funds, cancellation of the Funds 12b-1 plans and the return of all advisory and 12b-1 fees paid by the Funds over a certain period of time. In the Putnam Derivative Action, the court has dismissed all claims against MMC and all claims against Putnam except a claim under Section 36(b) of the Investment Company Act. The complaint in the Putnam Class Action, |
-23-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
which has been amended following the courts dismissal of certain other claims in the initial complaint (including all claims against MMC), asserts against Putnam claims under Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 thereunder, Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, and Section 36(b) of the Investment Company Act of 1940. Putnam has answered this amended complaint and the parties are engaged in fact discovery in this matter. |
| A complaint asserting shareholder derivative claims, purportedly on behalf of MMC, was filed against current and former members of MMCs Board of Directors, two of Putnams former officers, and MMC as a nominal defendant (the MMC Derivative Action). The MMC Derivative Action generally alleges that the members of MMCs Board of Directors violated the fiduciary duties they owed to MMC and its shareholders by failing to provide oversight regarding market-timing in the Putnam Funds, as a result of which MMC suffered damages. The suit seeks unspecified damages and equitable relief. Pursuant to an agreement of the parties, the MMC Derivative Action was stayed in May 2005. |
| MMC, Putnam, and various of their current and former officers, directors and employees have been named as defendants in two consolidated amended complaints that purportedly assert class action claims under ERISA (the ERISA Actions). The ERISA Actions, which have been brought by participants in MMCs Stock Investment Plan and Putnams Profit Sharing Retirement Plan, allege, among other things, that, in view of the market-timing trading activity that was allegedly allowed to occur at Putnam, the defendants knew or should have known that the investment of the plans funds in MMC stock and the Putnam Funds was imprudent and that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties to the plan participants in making these investments. The ERISA Actions seek unspecified damages and equitable relief, including the restoration to the plans of all profits the defendants allegedly made through the use of the plans assets, an order compelling the defendants to make good to the plans all losses to the plans allegedly resulting from defendants alleged breaches of their fiduciary duties, and the imposition of a constructive trust on any amounts by which any defendant allegedly was unjustly enriched at the expense of the plans. On September 15, 2006, the ERISA Action regarding the Putnam Profit Sharing Retirement Plan was dismissed against all defendants. The plaintiff has appealed that decision. In November 2006 the parties agreed to stay the ERISA Action regarding the MMC Stock Investment Plan. |
| A number of the Putnam Funds have been named as defendants in a purported class action brought on behalf of certain holders of the funds Class B shares who either (i) held such shares and were subject to certain contingent deferred sales charges (CDSCs) as of October 28, 2003, or (ii) were assessed a CDSC for redeeming such shares on or after October 28, 2003. Plaintiff alleges that Putnam engaged in misconduct constituting a breach of contract and breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing with purported class members by allowing market-timing. Plaintiff seeks, among other things, actual damages or statutory damages of $25 for each class member (whichever is greater) and relief from paying a CDSC for redeeming Class B shares. In August 2005, this action was transferred to the consolidated proceedings in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, described above. |
In addition to the above matters pending in federal court in the District of Maryland, certain Putnam entities have been named as defendants in a suit brought in the District Court of Travis County, Texas by a former institutional client, the Employee Retirement
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
System of Texas. Plaintiff alleges that Putnam breached its investment management advisory agreement and did not make appropriate disclosures regarding alleged market-timing-related activity at the time the investment management advisory agreement was executed.
Excessive Fee-Related Litigation
Putnam Investment Management LLC and Putnam Retail Management Limited Partnership have been sued in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts for alleged violations of Section 36(b) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 in connection with the receipt of purportedly excessive advisory and distribution fees paid by certain Putnam Funds in which plaintiffs purportedly owned shares (the Putnam Excessive Fee Litigation). Plaintiffs seek, among other things, to recover certain advisory and distribution fees paid to defendants, rescission of the management and distribution agreements between defendants and the funds, and a prospective reduction in fees. The parties are engaged in fact discovery. Pursuant to Article 11.02(a)(iii) of the Putnam Purchase Agreement, MMC agreed to indemnify GWL following the Putnam Closing for any and all Damages (as defined therein) resulting from, caused by or arising out of (i) the Putnam Excessive Fee Litigation and (ii) any claim, action, suit, investigation, proceeding or inquiry arising before or within the third anniversary of the Putnam Closing that results from the same specific conduct (i.e., the same particular actions or conduct at the same particular time and involving the same mutual funds) involving excessive fees purportedly violating Section 36(b) of the Investment Company Act that is the subject of the Putnam Excessive Fee Litigation.
Other Governmental Inquiries Relating to MMC and its Subsidiaries
| In late 2006, the Connecticut Attorney Generals office served Guy Carpenter with interrogatories and document requests as part of an investigation relating to the operation of certain reinsurance facilities involving Guy Carpenter. Guy Carpenter is cooperating with that ongoing investigation. The Connecticut Attorney Generals office has indicated that it may pursue civil claims against Guy Carpenter. |
| Since early 2003, the SEC has issued two subpoenas to MMC or its affiliates and has made additional requests for information relating to the SECs investigation of loss mitigation products. MMC and its subsidiaries have received similar inquiries from regulators and other authorities in several states. In April 2005, the Office of Insurance Regulation in the State of Florida issued a subpoena to MMCs subsidiary Guy Carpenter & Company, Inc. concerning certain reinsurance products. In May 2005, the Office of Insurance and Fire Safety Commissioner in the State of Georgia issued a subpoena to MMC that requested, among other things, information relating to finite insurance placements. In May 2005, the Office of the Attorney General in the State of Connecticut issued a subpoena to MMC concerning finite insurance. MMC and its subsidiaries are cooperating with these and other informal inquiries relating to loss mitigation products. |
| In February 2005, the DOL served a subpoena on MMC seeking documents pertaining to services provided by MMC subsidiaries to employee benefit plans, including documents relating to how such subsidiaries have been compensated for such services. The request also sought information concerning market service agreements and the solicitation of bids from insurance companies in connection with services to employee benefit plans. MMC is cooperating with the DOL. |
-25-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| In December 2004, MMC received a request for information pursuant to a formal investigation commenced by the SEC. The request for information seeks documents concerning related-party transactions of MMC or MMC subsidiaries in which transactions a director, executive officer or 5% stockholder of MMC had a direct or indirect material interest. In April 2005, MMC received a subpoena from the SEC broadening the scope of the original request. MMC is cooperating in the investigation. Certain current and former employees of MMC have been deposed in connection with this matter. |
Other Matters Relating to MMC and its Subsidiaries
| The governor of Alaska has introduced a bill in the state legislature seeking funding to institute a lawsuit against Mercer HR. Mercer understands that the lawsuit, if instituted, would seek potentially significant damages relating to Mercer HRs performance of consulting services for Alaskas public employee pension fund. |
| MMC and its subsidiaries are subject to a significant number of other claims, lawsuits and proceedings in the ordinary course of business. Such claims and lawsuits consist principally of alleged errors and omissions (known as E&Os) in connection with the performance of professional services. Some of these claims seek damages, including punitive damages, in amounts that could, if awarded, be significant. MMC provides for these exposures by a combination of third-party insurance and self-insurance. For policy years 2000-2001 and prior, substantial third-party insurance is in place above the annual aggregate limit of MMCs self-insured retention, which was $50 million annually for policy years 1998-1999, 1999-2000 and 2000-2001. To the extent that expected losses exceed MMCs self-insured retention in any policy year, MMC records an asset for the amount that MMC expects to recover under its third-party insurance programs. The policy limits and coverage terms of the third-party insurance vary to some extent by policy year, but MMC is not aware of coverage defenses or other obstacles to coverage that would limit recoveries in those years in a material amount. In policy years subsequent to 2000-2001, the availability of third-party insurance has declined substantially, which has caused MMC to assume increasing levels of self-insurance. MMC utilizes internal actuarial and other estimates, and case level reviews by inside and outside counsel, to establish loss reserves which it believes are adequate to provide for this self-insured retention. These reserves are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as developments warrant. |
| In connection with its acquisition of U.K.-based Sedgwick Group in 1998, MMC acquired several insurance underwriting businesses that were already in run-off, including River Thames Insurance Company Limited (River Thames), which MMC sold in 2001. Sedgwick guaranteed payment of claims on certain policies underwritten through the Institute of London Underwriters (the ILU) by River Thames (such guarantee being hereinafter referred to as the ILU Guarantee). The policies covered by the ILU Guarantee are reinsured up to £40 million by a related party of River Thames. Payment of claims under the reinsurance agreement is collateralized by segregated assets held in a trust. As of June 30, 2007, the reinsurance coverage exceeded the best estimate of the projected liability of the policies covered by the ILU Guarantee. To the extent River Thames or the reinsurer is unable to meet its obligations under those policies, a claimant may seek to recover from MMC under the ILU Guarantee. |
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
| From 1980 to 1983, MMC owned indirectly the English & American Insurance Company (E&A), which was a member of the ILU. The ILU required MMC to guarantee a portion of E&As obligations. After E&A became insolvent in 1993, the ILU agreed to discharge the guarantee in exchange for MMCs agreement to post an evergreen letter of credit that is available to pay claims by policyholders on certain E&A policies issued through the ILU and incepting between July 3, 1980 and October 6, 1983. In April, 2006, a lawsuit was commenced in the Commercial Court in London against MMC and the ILU by an assignee of an E&A policyholder that purports to have a claim against the MMC letter of credit in the amount of approximately $8.5 million and seeks a judicial declaration of its rights as an assignee of a policyholder claim. MMC contested the claim and the lawsuit was discontinued by the plaintiff in May 2007. MMC expects the plaintiff or others to continue to pursue this claim against the MMC letter of credit. MMC anticipates that additional claimants may seek to recover against the letter of credit. |
The proceedings and other matters described in this Note 14 on Claims, Lawsuits and Other Contingencies may expose MMC to liability for significant monetary damages and other forms of relief. Where a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable, MMC has established reserves in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies. Except as specifically set forth above, MMCs management is unable, at the present time, to provide a reasonable estimate of the range of possible loss attributable to the foregoing matters or the impact they may have on MMCs consolidated results of operations or financial position (over and above MMCs existing loss reserves) or MMCs cash flows (to the extent not covered by insurance). The principal reasons for this are that many of these cases, particularly the matters related to market service agreements and market-timing, remain in their early stages and only limited discovery, if any, has taken place. Thus, at this time, it is not possible to reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss on these matters. Adverse determinations in one or more of the matters discussed above could have a material impact on MMCs financial condition or the results of MMCs operations in a future period.
15. Variable Interest Entities
In January 2007, MMC, through a subsidiary, invested approximately $25 million in MaRI Ltd. (MaRI) a Bermuda-domiciled reinsurance company. MaRI was created to provide reinsurance capacity for specified windstorm and earthquake risks for Marsh clients for a specifically defined underwriting period. MMC, through its subsidiary Victor O. Schinnerer & Company (Bermuda) Ltd., will also provide underwriting management services to MaRI. MMCs maximum exposure to loss from MaRI is limited to its $25 million investment. MMC has concluded that it is not the primary beneficiary of MaRI under FIN 46(R).
16. Segment Information
MMC is organized based on the types of services provided. Under this organizational structure, MMCs business segments are:
| Risk and Insurance Services, comprising insurance services (Marsh), reinsurance services (Guy Carpenter), and Risk Capital Holdings; |
| Consulting, comprising Mercer Human Resource Consulting and Oliver Wyman Group; and |
| Risk Consulting and Technology (Kroll) |
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Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
On August 3, 2007, Great-West Lifeco Inc. completed its purchase of Putnam, MMCs investment management segment.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those used for the consolidated financial statements described in Note 1 to the 2006 10-K. The information in the following tables excludes the results of Putnam, KSI, Price Forbes and SCMS, which are classified as discontinued operations. Revenues are attributed to geographic areas on the basis of where the services are performed. Segment performance is evaluated based on segment operating income, which includes investment income and losses attributable to each segment, directly related expenses, and charges or credits related to integration and restructuring but not MMC corporate-level expenses.
Selected information about MMCs operating segments for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 follows:
Revenue | Operating Income |
|||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||
2007 |
||||||
Risk and Insurance Services |
$2,856 | (a) | $384 | |||
Consulting |
2,347 | (b) | 297 | |||
Risk Consulting & Technology |
486 | (c) | 58 | |||
Total Operating Segments |
5,689 | 739 | ||||
Corporate / Eliminations |
(58 | ) | (79 | ) | ||
Total Consolidated |
$5,631 | $660 | ||||
2006 |
||||||
Risk and Insurance Services |
$ 2,821 | (a) | $407 | |||
Consulting |
2,049 | (b) | 237 | |||
Risk Consulting & Technology |
499 | (c) | 66 | |||
Total Operating Segments |
$5,369 | $710 | ||||
Corporate/Eliminations |
(61 | ) | (110 | ) | ||
Total Consolidated |
$5,308 | $600 | ||||
(a) | Includes inter-segment revenue of $3 million and $0 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively, and interest income on fiduciary funds of $88 million and $79 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
(b) | Includes inter-segment revenue of $50 million and $57 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively and interest income on fiduciary funds of $8 million and $6 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
(c) | Includes inter-segment revenue of $5 million and $4 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
-28-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Operating segment revenue by product for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:
2007 | 2006 | |||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||
Risk and Insurance Services |
||||||
Insurance Services |
$2,266 | $2,252 | ||||
Reinsurance Services |
509 | 495 | ||||
Risk Capital Holdings |
81 | 74 | ||||
Total Risk and Insurance Services |
2,856 | 2,821 | ||||
Consulting |
||||||
Human Resource Consulting |
1,642 | 1,490 | ||||
Oliver Wyman Group |
705 | 559 | ||||
Total Consulting |
2,347 | 2,049 | ||||
Risk Consulting & Technology |
486 | 499 | ||||
Total Operating Segments |
5,689 | 5,369 | ||||
Corporate Eliminations |
(58 | ) | (61 | ) | ||
Total |
$5,631 | $5,308 | ||||
17. New Accounting Pronouncements
On January 1, 2007, MMC adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income tax positions. This interpretation requires that MMC recognize in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position when it is more likely than not that the tax position would be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities based on the technical merits of the position. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company recognized an increase in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $13 million, which is accounted for as a reduction to the January 1, 2007 balance of retained earnings. The term unrecognized tax benefits in FIN 48 primarily refers to the differences between a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefit measured and recognized in the financial statements in accordance with the guidelines of FIN 48. Including this increase, MMC had approximately $272 million of total gross unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning of 2007. Of this total, $218 million represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective tax rate in any future periods.
MMC classifies interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions in the financial statements as income taxes. The total gross amount of such accrued interest and penalties at January 1, 2007 before any applicable federal benefit, was $40 million.
MMC is routinely examined by the jurisdictions in which it has significant operations. The Internal Revenue Service is examining tax years 2003 through 2005. New York is examining years 2000 through 2005 for various subsidiaries. California is examining years 2003 through 2005 and years 1997 through 2002 are in various stages of appeal. Massachusetts is examining years 1997 through 2004 for various subsidiaries. Inland Revenue in the United Kingdom is examining tax years 2002 through 2004 for various subsidiaries. Earlier years are closed in all of the foregoing jurisdictions. MMC regularly considers the likelihood of assessments in each of the taxing jurisdictions resulting from examinations and has established appropriate liabilities in relation to the potential
-29-
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
assessments. MMC believes the resolution of tax matters will not have a material effect on the consolidated financial condition of MMC, although a resolution could have a material impact on MMCs net income or cash flows and on its effective tax rate in a particular future period.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands required disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective as of the beginning of MMCs 2008 fiscal year. MMC is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 157 on its consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (SFAS 159). SFAS 159 permits an entity to choose to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The adjustment to reflect the difference between fair value and the carrying amount would be accounted for as a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently assessing the impact of SFAS 159 on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.
-30-
Items 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. See Information Concerning Forward-Looking Statements at the outset of this report. This Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with MMCs Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 and MMCs current report on Form 8-K dated June 11, 2007 (June 2007 8-K), which reflects the results of Putnam as a discontinued operation.
General
MMC is a global professional services firm providing advice and solutions in the areas of risk, strategy and human capital. It is the parent company of some of the worlds leading risk experts and specialty consultants, including Marsh, the insurance broker and business risk advisor; Guy Carpenter, the risk and reinsurance specialist; Kroll, the risk consulting firm; Mercer Human Resource Consulting, the provider of HR and related financial advice and services; and Oliver Wyman, the management consultancy. With more than 54,000 employees worldwide and annual revenue of approximately $11 billion, MMC provides analysis, advice, and transactional capabilities to clients in more than 100 countries.
MMCs business segments are based on the services provided. Risk and Insurance Services includes risk management and insurance and reinsurance broking and services, provided primarily by Marsh and Guy Carpenter. Consulting, which comprises the activities of Mercer Human Resource Consulting and Oliver Wyman Group, includes human resource consulting and related services, and specialized management and economic consulting services. Risk Consulting and Technology, conducted through Kroll, includes risk consulting and related investigative, intelligence, financial, security and technology services.
Please see Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements, which discusses the purchase of Putnam by Great-West Lifeco Inc. on August 3, 2007. The financial results of Putnam are recorded as discontinued operations in the consolidated income statements and consolidated balance sheets.
As described more fully below, results of operations in the second quarter and first six months of 2007 and 2006 reflect, among other items:
| the classification of Putnam as a discontinued operation; |
| the sale of Sedgwick Claims Management Services in the first quarter of 2006, the gain on which appears in discontinued operations; |
| restructuring savings and charges under MMCs 2005 and 2006 restructuring plans; |
| the classification of Price Forbes, MMCs U.K.-based wholesale brokerage business, as a discontinued operation. The results of Price Forbes in 2006 include a charge to reduce the carrying amount of its assets to fair value; and |
| the classification of Kroll Security International (KSI), Krolls international high-risk asset and personal protection business, as a discontinued operation. |
-31-
Critical Accounting Policies
For a description of critical accounting policies, including those which involve significant management judgment, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in the June 2007 8-K.
Consolidated Results of Operations
Second Quarter | Six Months | |||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||
(In millions, except per share figures) | ||||||||
Revenue: |
||||||||
Service Revenue |
$2,788 | $2,606 | $5,551 | $5,229 | ||||
Investment Income (Loss) |
31 | 28 | 80 | 79 | ||||
Operating Revenue |
2,819 | 2,634 | 5,631 | 5,308 | ||||
Expense: |
||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
1,692 | 1,641 | 3,369 | 3,227 | ||||
Other Operating Expenses |
854 | 730 | 1,602 | 1,481 | ||||
Operating Expenses |
2,546 | 2,371 | 4,971 | 4,708 | ||||
Operating Income |
$ 273 | $ 263 | $ 660 | $ 600 | ||||
Income From Continuing Operations |
$ 140 | $ 131 | $ 368 | $ 331 | ||||
Discontinued Operations, net of tax |
37 | 41 | 77 | 257 | ||||
Net Income |
$ 177 | $ 172 | $ 445 | $ 588 | ||||
Income from Continuing Operations Per Share: |
||||||||
Basic |
$ 0.26 | $ 0.24 | $ 0.67 | $ 0.60 | ||||
Diluted |
$ 0.25 | $ 0.24 | $ 0.66 | $ 0.60 | ||||
Net Income Per Share: |
||||||||
Basic |
$ 0.32 | $ 0.31 | $ 0.81 | $ 1.07 | ||||
Diluted |
$ 0.31 | $ 0.31 | $ 0.79 | $ 1.05 | ||||
Average Number of Shares Outstanding: |
||||||||
Basic |
548 | 549 | 551 | 548 | ||||
Diluted |
558 | 555 | 560 | 555 | ||||
Consolidated operating income in the second quarter of 2007 increased 4% to $273 million, resulting from a 7% increase in revenue, partly offset by a 7% increase in operating expenses. The increase in consolidated revenue was primarily due to a 16% increase in revenue in the consulting segment, reflecting an 11% increase in underlying revenue and the impact of foreign exchange translation. The increase in consolidated expenses reflects higher compensation and benefit costs, primarily in the consulting segment, increased advertising, primarily in insurance services, and the impact of foreign exchange translation, partly offset by cost savings from restructuring activities.
Consolidated operating income for the first six months of 2007 increased 10% to $660 million, resulting from a 6% increase in revenue, partly offset by a 6% increase in operating expenses. The increase in consolidated revenue was primarily due to a 15% increase in consulting revenue, reflecting a 9% increase in underlying revenue and the impact of foreign exchange translation. The increase in consolidated expenses reflects higher compensation and benefit costs, primarily in the consulting segment, plus the impact of foreign exchange translation, partly offset by cost savings from restructuring activities.
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Putnams results of operations for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2007 and 2006 are reported in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
In 2006, MMC sold its majority interest in SCMS, a provider of claims management and associated productivity services; Price Forbes, its U.K.-based insurance wholesale operation; and KSI, its international high-risk asset and personal protection business. In 2006, the operating results for these companies, as well as the gain on disposal of SCMS and the charge to reduce the carrying value of Price Forbes to fair value, are included in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
Consolidated Revenue and Expense
MMC conducts business in many countries, as a result of which the impact of foreign exchange rate movements may distort period-to-period comparison of revenue. Similarly, the revenue impact of acquisitions and dispositions may impact period-over-period comparisons of revenue. Underlying revenue measures the change in revenue from one period to another by isolating these impacts. The impact of foreign currency translation, acquisitions and dispositions on MMCs operating revenues by segment for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 is as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
% Change GAAP Revenue |
Components of Revenue Change | ||||||||||||||||
Currency Impact |
Acquisitions/ Dispositions Impact |
Underlying Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||
(In millions, except percentage figures) | ||||||||||||||||||
Risk and Insurance Services |
||||||||||||||||||
Insurance Services |
$1,124 | $1,106 | 2 | % | 3 | % | - | (1 | )% | |||||||||
Reinsurance Services |
217 | 214 | 2 | % | 1 | % | - | 1 | % | |||||||||
Risk Capital Holdings (a) |
32 | 28 | 10 | % | - | - | 10 | % | ||||||||||
Total Risk and Insurance Services |
1,373 | 1,348 | 2 | % | 3 | % | - | (1 | )% | |||||||||
Consulting |
||||||||||||||||||
Human Resource Consulting |
842 | 751 | 12 | % | 4 | % | - | 8 | % | |||||||||
Oliver Wyman Group |
376 | 297 | 27 | % | 4 | % | 5 | % | 18 | % | ||||||||
Total Consulting |
1,218 | 1,048 | 16 | % | 4 | % | 1 | % | 11 | % | ||||||||
Risk Consulting & Technology |
251 | 265 | (6 | )% | 2 | % | (4 | )% | (4 | )% | ||||||||
Total Operating Segments |
2,842 | 2,661 | 7 | % | 3 | % | - | 4 | % | |||||||||
Corporate Eliminations |
(23 | ) | (27 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
$2,819 | $2,634 | 7 | % | 3 | % | - | 4 | % | |||||||||
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Six Months Ended June 30, |
% Change GAAP Revenue |
Components of Revenue Change | ||||||||||||||||
Currency Impact |
Acquisitions/ Dispositions Impact |
Underlying Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||
(In millions, except percentage figures) | ||||||||||||||||||
Risk and Insurance Services |
||||||||||||||||||
Insurance Services |
$2,266 | $2,252 | 1 | % | 3 | % | - | (2 | )% | |||||||||
Reinsurance Services |
509 | 495 | 3 | % | 2 | % | - | 1 | % | |||||||||
Risk Capital Holdings (a) |
81 | 74 | 9 | % | - | - | 9 | % | ||||||||||
Total Risk and Insurance Services |
2,856 | 2,821 | 1 | % | 3 | % | - | (2 | )% | |||||||||
Consulting |
||||||||||||||||||
Human Resource Consulting |
1,642 | 1,490 | 10 | % | 4 | % | - | 6 | % | |||||||||
Oliver Wyman Group |
705 | 559 | 26 | % | 4 | % | 5 | % | 17 | % | ||||||||
Total Consulting |
2,347 | 2,049 | 15 | % | 4 | % | 2 | % | 9 | % | ||||||||
Risk Consulting & Technology |
486 | 499 | (3 | )% | 2 | % | (3 | )% | (2 | )% | ||||||||
Total Operating Segments |
5,689 | 5,369 | 6 | % | 3 | % | - | 3 | % | |||||||||
Corporate Eliminations |
(58 | ) | (61 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total Revenue |
$5,631 | $5,308 | 6 | % | 3 | % | - | 3 | % | |||||||||
(a) | Risk Capital Holdings owns MMCs investments in private equity funds and insurance and financial services firms. |
Revenue
Consolidated revenue for the 2007 second quarter was $2.8 billion, a 7% increase compared with the same period in the prior year. Consolidated revenue increased 4% on an underlying basis.
Revenue in the risk and insurance services segment for the second quarter increased 2% from the same period in 2006, while underlying revenue decreased 1%. Insurance services revenue for the second quarter of 2006 includes $34 million of market services revenue, while no such revenue was recorded in the 2007 quarter. Excluding the effect of the market services revenue, underlying revenue increased 2% for both insurance services and the total risk and insurance services segment. Consulting revenue increased 16%, resulting from a 12% increase in Mercers Human Resource Consulting businesses and 27% growth in the Oliver Wyman Group consulting businesses. On an underlying basis revenue increased 8% in Mercer HR, 18% in Oliver Wyman and 11% for the consulting segment in total. Revenue decreased 6% in risk consulting & technology, 4% on an underlying basis, due to a reduction in client success fees from completed engagements as compared to the second quarter of 2006.
For the first six months of 2007, risk and insurance services revenue increased 1% from the same period in 2006. Underlying revenue for the segment declined 2% and excluding the year-over-year impact of market service revenue was flat compared with the prior year. Consulting revenue increased 15%, resulting from a 26% increase in the Oliver Wyman Group and a 10% increase in Mercer Human Resource Consulting. Underlying revenue in the consulting segment increased 9%, reflecting increases of 17% at Oliver Wyman and 6% in Mercer HR. Risk consulting & technology revenue decreased 3% and 2% on an underlying basis.
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Operating Expenses
Consolidated operating expenses in the second quarter and six months of 2007 increased 7% and 6%, respectively, from the same period in 2006. The increase in operating expenses is due to higher compensation and benefit costs, primarily in the consulting segment, increased advertising, primarily in insurance services plus the impact of foreign exchange translation, partly offset by cost savings from restructuring initiatives.
Restructuring and Related Activities
2006 Plan
In September 2006, MMC announced cost savings initiatives related to firm-wide infrastructure, organization structure and operating company business processes, expected to result in annualized savings of approximately $350 million when fully implemented by the end of 2008, and entailing restructuring and related costs of approximately $225 million. These cost savings initiatives will be implemented in several phases; Phase 1 began in September 2006. The discussion below identifies the areas impacted and savings expected from various phases of the 2006 Plan.
Phase 1 of the 2006 Plan is expected to result in cost savings of approximately $160 million, comprised of $70 million from operating company process improvements and $90 million from corporate infrastructure and process improvements in IT, real estate and corporate functions. Restructuring costs incurred from the inception of the 2006 Plan through June 30, 2007 were $17 million, and related charges totaled $30 million. These restructuring charges are net of a $74 million credit from the gain on the sale of 5 floors of MMCs New York headquarters building recorded in the fourth quarter of 2006. In the first six months of 2007, MMC incurred restructuring costs of $7 million and related charges of $16 million, primarily related to accelerated amortization of leasehold improvements. The actions under Phase 1 completed through June 30, 2007 are expected to result in annualized savings of approximately $135 million. Phase 1 is substantially completed, except for certain actions related to MMCs headquarters building.
MMC expects additional savings under one or more future phases of the 2006 Plan, resulting from infrastructure improvements in information technology, procurement, human resources, finance and real estate, as well as organizational structure and business process improvements. Detailed plans relating to these future phases are not yet complete, and may impact the timing and amount of expected savings, expected costs or both that will result from these planned actions.
In addition to the initiatives MMC announced in September 2006, Marsh has identified actions that are expected to result in the elimination of 170 employee positions through staff reductions and attrition. These actions are expected to result in annualized savings of approximately $40 million and result in additional charges of approximately $45 million related to severance and exit costs for facilities. Through June 30, 2007 these actions by Marsh have resulted in expected annual savings of $30 million and charges of $39 million; $25 million of which were recorded for the first six months of 2007.
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Putnam Transaction
On August 3, 2007, Great-West Lifeco Inc., a financial holding company controlled by Power Financial Corporation, closed its purchase of Putnam Investments Trust for $3.9 billion in cash. The purchase includes Putnams interest in the T.H. Lee private equity business. The cash proceeds to MMC after taxes and minority interest are expected to approach $2.5 billion. The 2007 and comparative results of Putnam are included in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of income and consolidated balance sheets. Putnams results will continue to be included in MMCs consolidated financial results through August 2, 2007. The gain from the Putnam transaction will be recognized in the third quarter of 2007.
Businesses Exited in 2006
In December 2006, Kroll completed the sale of KSI. The financial results of KSI are included in discontinued operations.
In the first quarter of 2006, MMC determined that Price Forbes, its U.K.-based insurance wholesale operation, met the criteria for classification as a discontinued operation. The 2006 results of Price Forbes, which included a charge to reduce the carrying amount of its assets to fair value less cost to sell, are included in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. MMC completed the sale of Price Forbes in September 2006.
The sale of SCMS was completed on January 31, 2006, and the associated gain on the sale was recorded in the first quarter of 2006 and included in discontinued operations.
Risk and Insurance Services
The results of operations for the risk and insurance services segment are presented below:
Second Quarter | Six Months | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Service Revenue |
$1,342 | $1,320 | $2,776 | $2,743 | ||||||||
Investment Income |
31 | 28 | 80 | 78 | ||||||||
Revenue |
1,373 | 1,348 | 2,856 | 2,821 | ||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
793 | 830 | 1,613 | 1,641 | ||||||||
Other Expenses |
455 | 379 | 859 | 773 | ||||||||
Expense |
1,248 | 1,209 | 2,472 | 2,414 | ||||||||
Operating Income |
$ 125 | $ 139 | $ 384 | $ 407 | ||||||||
Operating Income Margin |
9.1 | % | 10.3 | % | 13.4 | % | 14.4 | % | ||||
Revenue
Revenue in the risk and insurance services segment increased 2% in the second quarter of 2007 compared with the same period in 2006, as the positive impact of foreign currency translation was partly offset by a 1% decline in underlying revenue. The year-over-year impact of market services revenues, discussed below, reduced underlying revenue by 3 percentage points. Excluding the impact of market services revenue, underlying revenue increased 2%.
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In insurance services, underlying revenue decreased 1%, primarily due to a decrease in market services revenue from $34 million in the second quarter of 2006 to $0 in the 2007 quarter. Excluding the impact of market services revenue, underlying revenue increased 2% for the quarter reflecting increased client retention and new business growth. On a geographic basis, Marsh revenue included $627 million in the Americas, $392 million in EMEA and $105 million in Asia Pacific, compared with $634 million, $378 million and $94 million in the respective geographies in the same quarter of 2006. Premium rate declines continued through the first half of the year in the commercial insurance marketplace.
Reinsurance services revenue increased 2% in the second quarter of 2007 compared to prior year, primarily due to a 17% increase in new business. On an underlying basis, revenue increased 1% for the quarter. These results were achieved in a reinsurance marketplace environment where U.S. property catastrophe rates were down from peak levels at mid-2006 renewals and where higher client risk retentions continued. Revenue increased 3% for the first six months of 2007 compared to the same period last year, 1% on an underlying basis.
Risk Capital Holdings revenue was $32 million in the second quarter of 2007 compared with $28 million in the prior year. Risk Capital Holdings revenue in the second quarter of 2007 relates to mark-to-market gains on private equity fund investments and realized gains on equity investments.
Revenue in the risk and insurance services segment increased 1% for the first six months of 2007 compared with the same period in 2006. The impact of foreign exchange increased revenue by 3%, partly offset by a 2% decline in underlying revenue, resulting from a decline in market service revenue. Underlying revenue excluding market service revenue for the segment was flat versus prior year.
Expense
Expenses in the risk and insurance services segment increased 3% in the second quarter of 2007, compared with the same period in the prior year. The increase in expenses reflects higher advertising/branding costs, implementation of new training and development programs, higher recruiting fees and salaries due to successful hiring efforts, and the impact of foreign currency translations, partly offset by lower benefits and incentive compensation costs and a decrease in restructuring charges. Expenses for the six month period in 2007 increased 2% compared with the prior year.
In the first six months of 2007 charges of $28 million related to the 2006 restructuring plan were incurred.
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Consulting
The results of operations for the consulting segment are presented below:
Second Quarter | Six Months | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Service Revenue |
$1,218 | $1,048 | $2,347 | $2,048 | ||||||||
Investment Income |
- | - | - | 1 | ||||||||
Revenue |
1,218 | 1,048 | 2,347 | 2,049 | ||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
731 | 649 | 1,426 | 1,268 | ||||||||
Other Expenses |
328 | 275 | 624 | 544 | ||||||||
Expense |
1,059 | 924 | 2,050 | 1,812 | ||||||||
Operating Income |
$ 159 | $ 124 | $ 297 | $ 237 | ||||||||
Operating Income Margin |
13.1 | % | 11.8 | % | 12.7 | % | 11.6 | % | ||||
Revenue
Consulting revenue in the second quarter of 2007 increased 16% compared with the same period in 2006, 11% on an underlying basis. Within Mercer Human Resource Consulting, revenue increased 12%, reflecting growth in retirement and investment of 13%, health and benefits of 9%, outsourcing of 17% and talent of 8%. The Oliver Wyman Group, which is now the brand umbrella for all of the former specialty consulting businesses, grew 27% or 18% on an underlying basis compared with the same period last year.
Consulting revenue for the first six months of 2007 increased 15% compared with the same period in 2006, 9% on an underlying basis. Within Mercer Human Resource Consulting, underlying revenue increased 6% reflecting growth in each of its businesses. Revenue for the Oliver Wyman Group increased 26%, or 17% on an underlying basis as each of the Oliver Wyman Group practices contributed to the continuing strong revenue growth.
Expense
Consulting expenses increased 15% and 13% in the second quarter and six months of 2007 compared with the same period in 2006, reflecting higher compensation costs due to an increased volume of business, higher incentive compensation commensurate with improved operating performance and the impact of foreign currency translation.
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Risk Consulting & Technology
The results of operations for the risk consulting & technology segment are presented below:
Second Quarter | Six Months | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
(In millions of dollars) | ||||||||||||
Revenue |
$251 | $265 | $486 | $499 | ||||||||
Compensation and Benefits |
121 | 124 | 240 | 238 | ||||||||
Other Expenses |
98 | 99 | 188 | 195 | ||||||||
Expense |
219 | 223 | 428 | 433 | ||||||||
Operating Income |
$ 32 | $ 42 | $ 58 | $ 66 | ||||||||
Operating Income Margin |
12.7 | % | 15.8 | % | 11.9 | % | 13.2 | % | ||||
Revenue
For the quarter, risk consulting and technology revenues decreased 6% compared with the prior year, 4% on an underlying basis. Revenue in Krolls technology operations rose 7% to $141 million, led by Kroll Ontrack, the legal technology and electronic data recovery business and background screening business. Revenues in Krolls consulting business decreased 17% to $110 million primarily due to a reduction in client success fees from completed engagements compared with the second quarter of 2006, as well as weak activity in corporate advisory and restructuring. For the first six months revenue decreased 3% or 2% on an underlying basis.
Expense
Risk consulting and technology expenses in the second quarter and six months of 2007 decreased approximately 1% compared with the same periods in the prior year reflecting lower amortization of identified intangible assets.
Discontinued Operations
Results of discontinued operations includes Putnams operating income in 2007 and the operating income from Putnam, SCMS, KSI and Price Forbes in 2006. In addition, discontinued operations in 2006 also includes the gain on disposal of SCMS and a charge to reduce the company value of Price Forbes asset to fair value.
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The table below depicts the results of discontinued operations including revenue and expense detail for Putnam.
Second Quarter | Six Months | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Putnam |
||||||||||||
Revenue |
$330 | $339 | $686 | $684 | ||||||||
Expense |
265 | 263 | 546 | 544 | ||||||||
Net Operating Income |
65 | 76 | 140 | 140 | ||||||||
Minority Interest and other discontinued operations |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Provision for income tax |
27 | 34 | 61 | 58 | ||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax |
37 | 41 | 77 | 81 | ||||||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations |
- | - | - | 306 | ||||||||
Provision for income tax |
- | - | - | 130 | ||||||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax |
- | - | - | 176 | ||||||||
Discontinued operations, net of tax |
$ 37 | $ 41 | $ 77 | $257 | ||||||||
Putnams revenue decreased 3% in the second quarter of 2007. Assets under management averaged $193 billion in the second quarter of 2007 versus $185 billion managed in the second quarter of 2006. Assets under management aggregated $193 billion at June 30, 2007, compared with $180 billion at June 30, 2006 and $192 billion at December 31, 2006. The impact of market performance in the second quarter of 2007 was partly offset by net redemptions of $3.1 billion.
Putnams revenue for the first six months of 2007 was the same as 2006. Assets under management averaged $191 billion in the first six months of 2007 versus $188 billion managed in the first six months of 2006. Net redemptions of $9.1 billion in the first six months of 2007 were offset by the impact of market performance.
In 2006, discontinued operations included an after tax net gain of $176 million related to SCMS and Price Forbes, which increased diluted earnings per share for the six months ended June 30, 2006 by approximately $0.32.
Corporate Expenses
Corporate expenses of $43 million in the second quarter of 2007 were essentially unchanged from the prior year. For the first six months of 2007, corporate expenses of $79 million were $31 million lower than the same period in the prior year. The decrease is due to lower expenses for restructuring costs and a credit from an accrual adjustment related to the separation of former MMC senior executives.
In the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, MMC corporate recorded $5 million and $11 million, respectively, of restructuring charges for consulting fees related to corporate infrastructure and process improvements. In the first six months of 2006, MMC corporate recorded restructuring charges of $27 million, primarily related to future rent on non-cancelable leases for three floors in its headquarters building in New York that it vacated.
Interest
Interest income earned on corporate funds amounted to $15 million in the second quarter of 2007, an increase of $3 million from the second quarter of 2006. Interest income was $34 million for the first six months of 2007, an increase of $7 million from the same period in prior
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year. The increase in interest income reflected generally higher average interest rates in 2007 compared with the prior year. Interest expense of $75 million in the second quarter of 2007 decreased from $78 million in the second quarter of 2006. Year-to-date interest expense was $146 million versus $156 million for the same period in 2006. The decrease in interest expense is primarily due to a decrease in the average level of debt compared to the prior year.
Income Taxes
MMC's consolidated effective tax rate was 32.9% in the second quarter of 2007, compared with 32.5% in the second quarter of 2006. A lower tax rate in 2007 on ongoing operations, reflecting changes in the geographic mix of earnings, was more than offset by higher taxes due to the relative impact of legislation and other items. For the first six months of 2007, MMC's consolidated effective tax rate was 32.1% versus 29.1% for the same period in the prior year. The increase in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the favorable resolution of tax issues in certain jurisdictions in 2006, partially offset by the lower rate on ongoing operations in 2007. The effective tax rate on ongoing operations is expected to be approximately 32% for the remainder of 2007, however, discrete items will continue to cause the reported rate to vary quarter to quarter. In particular, the tax rate in the third quarter of 2007 will be impacted by the change in U.K. tax legislation discussed below, and any adjustment resulting from differences between the 2006 U.S. Federal tax provision and the tax return, which is typically filed in the third quarter of each year.
The U.K. enacted tax legislation on July 19, 2007 that will reduce the corporate income tax rate from 30% to 28% starting in 2008. In accordance with SFAS 109, MMC must re-measure deferred tax assets and liabilities that have been recognized in prior periods using the newly enacted tax rates in the period tax legislation is enacted. MMC estimates that the net adjustment from measuring the deferred tax assets and liabilities using the lower tax rate will result in an increase in tax expense in the third quarter 2007 approaching $20 million.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Operating Cash Flows
MMC used $164 million of cash for operations for the six months ended June 30, 2007, compared with $375 million of cash used for operations for the same period in 2006. These amounts reflect the net income earned by MMC during those periods, excluding gains or losses from the disposition of businesses, adjusted for non-cash charges and changes in working capital which relate, primarily, to the timing of payments of accrued liabilities or receipts of assets. Cash generated from the disposition of businesses is included in investing cash flows.
As discussed in Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements, in January 2005 MMC reached a settlement with the NYAG and NYSID that resolved the actions they had commenced against MMC and Marsh in October 2004. As a result of this agreement, MMC recorded a charge in 2004 for an $850 million fund to compensate policyholder clients, of which $680 million was paid through June 1, 2007, and $170 million will be paid to the fund on or before June 1, 2008. This amount is included in Regulatory Settlements current portion on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Financing Cash Flows
Net cash used for financing activities increased to $617 million for the period ended June 30, 2007 from $376 million for the same period in 2006, largely due to the payment of maturing senior notes as well as the funding of the accelerated share repurchase transaction in the second quarter, each discussed below.
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MMC paid dividends of approximately $210 million ($0.38 per share) during the six months of 2007 as compared to $186 million ($0.34 per share) during the six months of 2006. MMC did not repurchase shares in 2006.
In the second quarter of 2007, MMC purchased shares related to its previously announced $500 million accelerated share repurchase transaction that was completed in July 2007. MMC received an initial tranche of 13.5 million shares of common stock in May 2007 and the second and final tranche of 2.5 million shares in July 2007. The initial tranche of 13.5 million shares were recorded as an increase in treasury shares in May 2007. The second tranche of 2.5 million shares will be reflected as an increase in treasury shares in July 2007 and did not reduce either basic or diluted shares outstanding as of June 30, 2007.
During 2007, MMC utilized commercial paper and bank borrowings, as well as cash on hand, to manage liquidity, including the funding of maturing bonds and the repurchase of shares. During the first quarter of 2007, MMCs 5.375%, $500 million senior notes matured. At June 30, 2007, commercial paper outstanding was $478 million. MMCs 5.5% 3-year floating rate $500 million senior notes matured on July 13, 2007, and the repayment was funded with commercial paper borrowings. As noted below, MMC expects to use part of the proceeds from the August 2007 Putnam transaction to reduce outstanding commercial paper.
In December 2005, MMC and certain of its foreign subsidiaries entered into a $1.2 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility. Subsidiary borrowings under the facility are unconditionally guaranteed by MMC. The facility expires in December 2010. At June 30, 2007, approximately $100 million was outstanding under the facility.
MMCs senior debt is currently rated Baa2 by Moodys and BBB by Standard & Poors. MMCs short term debt is currently rated P-2 by Moodys and A-2 by Standard & Poors. MMC carries a negative outlook from both Moodys and Standard & Poors.
Investing Cash Flows
Cash used for investing activities amounted to $152 million in the first six months of 2007 compared to cash provided by investing activities of $121 million for the same period in 2006. Cash generated by the sale of SCMS totaled $326 million in 2006. Cash used for acquisitions was $2 million during the first six months of 2007. Cash used for acquisitions in the second quarter of 2006 totaled $88 million. Remaining deferred cash payments of $12 million for acquisitions completed in the second quarter of 2007 and in prior years are recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities or other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2007.
MMCs additions to fixed assets and capitalized software, which amounted to $165 million in the first six months of 2007 and $128 million in the six months of 2006, primarily related to computer equipment purchases, the refurbishing and modernizing of office facilities and software development costs.
As previously discussed, the Putnam transaction closed on August 3, 2007. Proceeds to MMC from the transaction, after taxes and minority interest, are expected to approach $2.5 billion. MMC will recognize the gain from this transaction in the third quarter 2007. Following the close of the Putnam transaction, MMCs Board of Directors authorized a $1.5 billion share repurchase program. This program is incremental to the $500 million accelerated share repurchase program discussed above. In addition, MMC expects to reduce commercial paper borrowings by $1 billion.
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MMC has committed to potential future investments of approximately $81 million in connection with its investments in Trident II and other funds managed by Stone Point Capital. At June 30, 2007, MMC has no future commitments related to Trident III, as those commitments were assumed by MMCs U.K. pension plan when the investment in Trident III was contributed to the plan in December 2006. The majority of MMCs investment commitments for funds managed by Stone Point are related to Trident II, the investment period for which is now closed for new investments. Any remaining capital calls for Trident II would relate to follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies or for management fees or other partnership expenses. Significant future capital calls related to Trident II are not expected. Although it is anticipated that Trident II will be harvesting its remaining portfolio in 2007 and thereafter, the timing of any portfolio company sales and capital distributions is unknown and not controlled by MMC.
Commitments and Obligations
MMCs contractual obligations were comprised of the following as of June 30, 2007 (dollars in millions):
Payment due by Period | ||||||||||
Total | Within 1 Year |
1-3 Years | 4-5 Years | After 5 years | ||||||
Contractual Obligations | ||||||||||
Commercial Paper |
$ 478 | $ 478 | $ - | $ - | $ - | |||||
Bank Borrowings-International |
105 | 105 | - | - | - | |||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
758 | 758 | - | - | - | |||||
Long-term debt |
3,613 | - | 417 | 816 | 2,380 | |||||
NYAG/NYSID settlement |
170 | 170 | - | - | - | |||||
Net operating leases |
3,181 | 418 | 686 | 541 | 1,536 | |||||
Service agreements |
179 | 78 | 72 | 23 | 6 | |||||
Other long-term obligations |
17 | 13 | 4 | - | - | |||||
Total |
$8,501 | $2,020 | $1,179 | $1,380 | $3,922 | |||||
MMCs obligations exclude any reserves for income taxes under FIN 48 as it is unable to reasonably predict the timing of settlement of these reserves at June 30, 2007.
New Accounting Pronouncements
New accounting pronouncements are discussed in Note 1 to MMCs consolidated financial statements.
On January 1, 2007, MMC adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income tax positions. This interpretation requires that MMC recognize in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position when it is more likely than not that the tax position would be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities based on the technical merits of the position. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company recognized an increase in the liability for
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unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $13 million, which is accounted for as a reduction to the January 1, 2007 balance of retained earnings. The term unrecognized tax benefits in FIN 48 primarily refers to the differences between a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefit measured and recognized in the financial statements in accordance with the guidelines of FIN 48. Including this increase, MMC had approximately $272 million of total gross unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning of 2007. Of this total, $218 million represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective tax rate in any future periods.
MMC classifies interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions in the financial statements as income taxes. The total gross amount of such accrued interest and penalties, before any applicable federal benefit, at January 1, 2007 was $40 million.
MMC is routinely examined by the jurisdictions in which it has significant operations. The Internal Revenue Service is examining tax years 2003 through 2005. New York is examining years 2000 through 2005 for various subsidiaries. California is examining years 2003 through 2005 and years 1997 through 2002 are in various stages of appeal. Massachusetts is examining years 1997 through 2004 for various subsidiaries. Inland Revenue in the United Kingdom is examining tax years 2002 through 2004 for various subsidiaries. Earlier years are closed in all of the foregoing jurisdictions. MMC regularly considers the likelihood of assessments in each of the taxing jurisdictions resulting from examinations. MMC has established appropriate liabilities for uncertain tax positions in relation to the potential assessments. MMC believes the resolution of tax matters will not have a material effect on the consolidated financial condition of MMC, although a resolution could have a material impact on MMCs net income or cash flows and on its effective tax rate in a particular future period.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands required disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective as of the beginning of MMCs 2008 fiscal year. MMC is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 157 on its consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (SFAS 159). SFAS 159 permits an entity to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The adjustment to reflect the difference between fair value and the carrying amount would be accounted for as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently assessing the impact of SFAS 159 on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market Risk
Certain of MMCs revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and equity markets.
Interest Rate Risk
MMC manages its net exposure to interest rate changes by utilizing a mixture of variable and fixed rate borrowings to finance MMCs asset base. Interest rate swaps are used on a limited
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basis to manage MMCs exposure to interest rate movements on its cash and investments, as well as interest expense on borrowings, and are only executed with counterparties of high creditworthiness.
Foreign Currency Risk
The translated values of revenue and expense from MMCs international operations are subject to fluctuations due to changes in currency exchange rates. Forward contracts and options are periodically utilized by MMC to limit foreign currency exchange rate exposure on net income and cash flows for specific, clearly defined transactions arising in the ordinary course of its business.
Equity Price Risk
MMC holds investments in both public and private companies as well as certain private equity funds, including the Trident funds. Publicly traded investments of $28 million are classified as available for sale under SFAS No. 115. Non-publicly traded investments of $71 million are accounted for using the cost method and $274 million are accounted for under APB Opinion No. 18, The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock. Changes in value of trading securities are recognized in income when they occur. The investments that are classified as available for sale or that are not publicly traded are subject to risk of changes in market value, which if determined to be other than temporary, could result in realized impairment losses. MMC periodically reviews the carrying value of such investments to determine if any valuation adjustments are appropriate under the applicable accounting pronouncements.
Other
A significant number of lawsuits and regulatory proceedings are pending. See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Part I Item 4. Controls & Procedures
a. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Based on their evaluation, as of the end of the period of this report, the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded the Companys disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective.
b. Changes in Internal Controls
There were no changes in MMCs internal controls over financial reporting that were identified in connection with the evaluation referred to under Part I Item 4a above that occurred during MMCs last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, MMCs internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
The information set forth in Note 14 to the financial statements provided in Part I of this Report is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
MMC and its subsidiaries face a number of risks and uncertainties. In addition to the other information in this report and our other filings with the SEC, readers should consider carefully the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006. The risks and uncertainties described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only ones facing MMC and its subsidiaries. Additional risks and uncertainties, not presently known to us or otherwise, may also impair our business operations. If any of the risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K or such other risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
The following table sets forth information regarding MMCs purchases of its common stock on a monthly basis during the second quarter of 2007. All repurchases in the quarter occurred pursuant to a $500 million accelerated share repurchase transaction announced on May 11, 2007.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (1)
Period |
(a) Total |
(b) Average Price |
(c) Total Number of |
(d) Maximum (or Units) that May Yet Be | |||||
April 1, 2007 - April 30, 2007 |
- | - | - | - | |||||
May 1, 2007 - May 31, 2007 |
13,464,749 | $31.2105 | (2) | 13,464,749 | - | ||||
June 1, 2007 - June 30, 2007 |
- | - | - | - | |||||
Total |
13,464,749 | $31.2105 | (2) | 13,464,749 | - | ||||
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(1) | On May 11, 2007, MMC announced its entry into a $500 million accelerated share repurchase transaction (the ASR Transaction) with a financial institution counterparty. Under the terms of the ASR Transaction, in May 2007 MMC paid the full $500 million purchase price and took delivery from the counterparty of an initial quantity of 13,464,749 shares of MMC common stock. Based on the price of MMC stock over a subsequent settlement period, in July 2007 the counterparty delivered to MMC an additional 2,555,519 shares for no additional payment. MMC thus repurchased a total of 16,020,268 shares in the ASR Transaction, for a total cost of $500 million and an average price per share to MMC of $31.2105. |
(2) | As described in note (1), MMC repurchased a total of 16,020,268 shares of its common stock in the ASR Transaction, at an average price per share to MMC of $31.2105. In the second quarter of 2007, MMC paid the entire $500 million purchase price and took delivery of 13,464,749 of the 16,020,268 shares ultimately delivered. The initial share delivery was based on the contract's cap price per share to MMC of $37.1340. |
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
The Annual Meeting of Stockholders of MMC was held on May 17, 2007. Represented at the meeting were 490,392,539 shares, or 89%, of MMCs 550,830,240 shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting. Stockholders took the following actions at the meeting:
1. | MMCs stockholders elected the two (2) director nominees named below to a three-year term expiring in May 2010, with each receiving the following votes: |
Director Nominee |
Number of Shares Voted For |
Number of Shares Voted Against | ||
Zachary W. Carter |
427,194,817 | 41,538,255 | ||
Oscar Fanjul |
426,397,732 | 42,303,788 |
The following directors continued in their terms of office as directors following the Meeting:
Terms expiring in May 2008: Michael G. Cherkasky; Stephen R. Hardis; The Rt. Hon. Lord Lang of Monkton, DL; Morton O. Schapiro; Adele Simmons
Terms expiring in May 2009: Leslie M. Baker, Jr.; Gwendolyn S. King; Marc D. Oken; David A. Olsen
2. | Stockholders ratified Deloitte & Touche LLP as MMCs independent auditor for the year ending December 31, 2007, with a favorable vote of 483,068,375 of the shares represented (4,004,577 against and 3,319,585 abstaining). |
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3. | Stockholders approved managements proposal to amend the Marsh & McLennan Companies Stock Purchase Plan for International Employees to increase the number of shares available under the plan. The proposal received 427,375,098 votes in favor, 6,286,389 against and 3,960,969 abstentions. There were 52,770,083 broker nonvotes on this proposal. |
4. | A stockholder proposal to request MMC to provide reports regarding company political contributions was not approved. This proposal received 91,148,852 votes in favor, 264,146,685 votes against and 82,326,920 abstentions. There were 52,770,083 broker nonvotes on this proposal. |
Item 5. Other Information.
None.
Item 6. Exhibits.
12.1 | Statement Re: Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges | |
31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer | |
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer | |
32.1 | Section 1350 Certifications |
-49-
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES, INC. | ||||
Date: August 9, 2007 | /s/ Matthew B. Bartley | |||
Name: | Matthew B. Bartley | |||
Title: | Chief Financial Officer |
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No. | Exhibit Name | |
12.1 |
Statement Re: Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges | |
31.1 |
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer | |
31.2 |
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer | |
32.1 |
Section 1350 Certifications |