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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File No. 000-50721
ORIGEN FINANCIAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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20-0145649 |
State of Incorporation
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I.R.S. Employer I.D. No. |
27777 Franklin Road
Suite 1700
Southfield, Michigan 48034
(248) 746-7000
(Address of principal executive offices and telephone number)
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 per Share
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act.
Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section
13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is
not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer o |
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Accelerated filer þ |
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Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Smaller Reporting Company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Act). Yes o No þ
As of June 30, 2007, the aggregate market value of the registrants stock held by non-affiliates
was approximately $119,175,698 (computed by reference to the closing sales price of the
registrants common stock as of June 29, 2007 as reported on the Nasdaq National Market). For this
computation, the registrant has excluded the market value of all shares of common stock reported as
beneficially owned by executive officers and directors of the registrant; such exclusion shall not
be deemed to constitute an admission that any such person is an affiliate of the registrant.
As of February 29, 2008, there were 26,014,918 shares of the registrants common stock issued and
outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
Portions of the registrants definitive Proxy Statement to be filed for its 2008 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report.
As used in this report, Company, Us, We, Our and similar terms means Origen Financial,
Inc., a Delaware corporation, and, as the context requires, one or more of its subsidiaries.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General
Origen Financial, Inc. is an internally-managed and internally-advised Delaware corporation
that is taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT. We are a national consumer manufactured
housing lender and servicer. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we originated loans in 45
states and we serviced loans in 47 states. We and our predecessors have originated more than $2.9
billion of manufactured housing loans from 1996 through December 31, 2007, including $344.6 million
in 2007. We additionally processed $111.6 million in loans originated under third-party origination
agreements in 2007. As of December 31, 2007, our loan servicing portfolio of over 40,800 loans
totaled approximately $1.8 billion in loan principal outstanding.
Origen Financial, Inc. was incorporated on July 31, 2003. On October 8, 2003, we began
operations when we acquired all of the equity interests of Origen Financial L.L.C. and its
subsidiaries. In the second quarter of 2004, we completed the initial public offering of our common
stock. Currently, most of our operations are conducted through Origen Financial L.L.C., our
wholly-owned subsidiary. We conduct the rest of our business operations through our other
wholly-owned subsidiaries, including taxable REIT subsidiaries, to take advantage of certain
business opportunities and ensure that we comply with the federal income tax rules applicable to
REITs.
Our executive office is located at 27777 Franklin Road, Suite 1700, Southfield, Michigan 48034
and our telephone number is (248) 746-7000. We maintain our servicing operations in Ft. Worth,
Texas and have a regional office located in Glen Allen, Virginia. As of December 31, 2007, we
employed 257 people.
Our website address is www.origenfinancial.com and we make available, free of charge,
as soon as reasonably practicable after we file such reports with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, on or through our website all of our periodic reports, including our annual report on
Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K.
Recent Developments
Developments Based on Current Adverse Market Conditions
Recent and current conditions in the credit markets have adversely impacted our business and
financial condition. During 2007, the credit markets that we depend on for warehouse lending for
originations and for securitization of our originated loans, as well as the whole loan market for
acquisition of loans we originate, deteriorated. This situation began with problems in the
sub-prime loan market and subsequently has had the same effect on lenders and investors in asset
classes other than sub-prime mortgages, such as our manufactured housing loans.
Despite actions by the Federal Reserve Bank to lower interest rates and increase liquidity,
uncertainty among lenders and investors has continued to reduce liquidity, drive up the cost of
lending and drive down the value of assets in these markets. The specific effects are that banks
and other lenders have reported large losses, have demanded that borrowers reduce the credit
exposure to these assets resulting in margin calls or reductions in borrowing availability, and
have caused massive sales of underlying assets that collateralize the loans. The consequence of
these sales has been further downward pressure on market values of the underlying assets, such as
our manufactured housing loans, despite the continued high intrinsic quality of our loans
in terms of borrower creditworthiness and low rates of delinquencies, defaults and repossessions.
Our business model depends on the availability of credit, both for the funding of newly
originated loans and for the periodic securitization of pools of loans that have been originated
and funded by short-term borrowings from warehouse lenders. The securitization process permits us
to sell bonds secured by the loans we have originated. The
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proceeds from the bond sales are used to pay off the warehouse lenders and recharge the
availability of funding for newly originated loans.
If warehouse funding is not available, or is available only on terms that do not permit us to
profit from loan origination, our origination of loans for our own account only can be continued at
a loss. If there is no market for securitization at rates of interest and leverage levels
acceptable to us, our only alternative for satisfying our obligations under our warehouse line is
to sell the manufactured housing loans to a purchaser. If purchasers are unwilling to pay at least
the full amount advanced to borrowers plus all related fees and costs, sales of loans are not
profitable for us.
As a result of these conditions:
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Because of the unavailability of a profitable financing in the securitization market, on
March 14, 2008, we sold our portfolio of approximately $174.6 million in aggregate
principal balance of unsecuritized loans with a carrying value of $175.7 million for
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We used the proceeds of the loan sale primarily to pay off the outstanding loan balance
of approximately $146.4 million on our warehouse credit facility, which expired on March
14, 2008. |
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Because of the absence of a profitable exit in the securitization market and reduced
pricing in the whole loan market, we suspended originating loans for our own account until
these markets recover. We will, however, continue to provide loan origination services for
third-parties. |
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Our stock price has steadily declined to a point where it is well below its tangible net
book value. As a consequence, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge, writing off our
entire goodwill of $32.3 million in December 2007. |
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In February 2008, to satisfy our lender, we sold an asset-backed bond for $22.5 million,
in order to fully pay off $19.6 million of repurchase agreements secured by this bond and
three others that we continue to hold. Sale of this bond resulted in our recording an asset
impairment charge of $9.2 million in 2007. |
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Our lender under our supplemental advance credit facility secured by a pledge of our
residual interests in our securitizations has agreed to extend the due date of the facility
until June 13, 2008. This facility otherwise would have expired on March 14, 2008 and we
would have been obligated to repay approximately $50 million outstanding under the
facility. |
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On March 13, 2008, we decreased our work force by 16% to reduce costs that were
associated with originating loans for our own account. |
We believe that these actions were necessitated by and are a result of the market conditions
described above. We do not believe that the actions reflect on the quality of our continuing
business operations or the credit performance or long-term realizable value of our securitized loan
portfolio, which in our opinion continues to remain very high.
Although we have determined to suspend loan originations for our own account, we currently
continue to operate our third-party loan origination business and management of our securitized
loan portfolio.
2007 A Securitization
We completed a securitization of approximately $200.4 million in principal balance of
manufactured housing loans on May 2, 2007. The securitization was accounted for as a financing. As
part of the securitization we, through a special purpose entity, issued $184.4 million in notes
payable. Additional credit enhancement was provided by a guaranty from Ambac Assurance Corporation.
The notes are stratified into two different classes. The Class A-1 notes pay interest at one month
LIBOR plus 19 basis points and have a contractual maturity date of April 2037. The Class A-2 notes
pay interest based on a rate established by the auction agent at each rate determination date and
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have a contractual maturity date of April 2037. Approximately $182.4 million of the proceeds
was used to reduce the aggregate balance of notes outstanding under our warehouse facility with
Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp. (Citigroup).
Bridge Financing
On September 11, 2007, we, through our primary operating subsidiary, Origen Financial L.L.C.,
entered into a $15 million secured financing arrangement with the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d
12/13/04 (the Lender), an affiliate of one of our principal stockholders (the Bridge
Financing). The Lender is a grantor revocable trust established by William M. Davidson as the
grantor. Mr. Davidson is the sole member of Woodward Holding, LLC, which owns approximately 6.8% of
our common stock. The Bridge Financing includes a senior secured promissory note (the Note) and a
senior secured convertible promissory note (the Convertible Note). The Note and the Convertible
Note are each one-year secured notes bearing interest at 8% per year and are secured by a portion
of the our rights to receive servicing fees on our loan servicing portfolio. The Note, which has an
original principal amount of $10 million, and the Convertible Note, which has an original principal
amount of $5 million, are each due on September 11, 2008. The term of the Note and the Convertible
Note may be extended up to 120 days with the payment of additional fees. The Convertible Note may
be converted at the option of the Lender into shares of our common stock at a conversion price of
$6.237 per share. In connection with the Bridge Financing, we issued a stock purchase warrant to
the Lender. The stock purchase warrant is a five-year warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of our
common stock at an exercise price of $6.16 per share.
2007 B Securitization
We completed a securitization of approximately $140.0 million in principal balance of
manufactured housing loans on October 16, 2007. The securitization was accounted for as a
financing. As part of the securitization we through a special purpose entity, issued $126.7 million
of a single AAA rated floating rate class of asset-backed notes to a single qualified institutional
buyer pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933. Additional credit enhancement was
provided by a guaranty from Ambac Assurance Corporation. The notes pay interest at one month LIBOR
plus 120 basis points. Approximately $122.4 million of the proceeds was used to reduce the
aggregate balance of notes outstanding under our Citigroup warehouse facility.
Loan Origination, Acquisition and Underwriting
General
We and our predecessors have originated more than $2.9 billion of manufactured housing loans
from 1996 through December 31, 2007, including $344.6 million in 2007. We additionally processed
$111.6 million in loans originated under third-party origination agreements in 2007. As discussed
above in Recent Developments, we have ceased originating new manufactured housing loans other
than under third-party origination agreements.
Although we have ceased originating new manufactured housing loans for our own account, we
intend to maintain our origination platform, including our primary underwriting tool, TNG, an
internally-developed, externally-validated proprietary statistical scoring system that ranks the
risk of default for manufactured home-only loans, and our proprietary web-based delivery system
known as Origen Focus. By retaining our origination platform, we intend to continue to provide
comprehensive loan origination services to third parties, as described below, and to retain the
ability to resume our loan origination business for our own account.
Third-Party Originations
We currently provide comprehensive loan origination services for several companies, including
Affordable Residential Communities, Sun Communities, Inc., Hometown America and YES Communities,
each of which is a nationwide owner-operator of manufactured housing communities. Under these
arrangements, we commit to use our origination platform to originate manufactured housing loans for
these third parties, which own the loans. In addition, we have the right to receive a servicing fee
with respect to many of these third party loans, although currently we do not retain servicing
rights for the Hometown America loans. In the future we may provide origination services to other
third parties under similar arrangements. We enter into these types of third-party
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arrangements primarily to strengthen our relationships within the manufactured housing
industry with the goal of creating additional sources of revenue, notably servicing revenue. In
addition, the increased loan origination volume provided by these arrangements provides valuable
information that we use in our internal credit modeling.
Underwriting
We underwrite home-only loans, using our internally-developed proprietary credit scoring
system, TNG. We developed and continue to enhance TNG to predict defaults using empirical modeling
techniques. TNG takes into account information about each applicants credit history, debt and
income, demographics, and the terms of the loan. The TNG model is fully integrated into our
origination system and is based on our historical lending experience. We have used TNG to back-test
all of our home-only loans originated since 1996 by Origen Financial L.L.C., its predecessors and
us. Following internal testing and validation, Experian Information Solutions, Inc., a leading
consumer credit reporting and risk modeling company, independently validated the TNG model.
All home-only applications are scored by TNG and then reviewed by an underwriter. TNG provides
the underwriter a recommendation of pass, fail or review. The recommendations are based upon
the underlying TNG score as well as other factors that may arise from the application. TNG alerts
underwriters to particular attention areas and provides review recommendations. It also provides a
reason for declination on fail recommendations. TNG is used to rescore the application throughout
the origination and underwriting process as the initial application information is verified and/or
terms and conditions of the loan change. In specially approved markets a comparable appraisal is
used to determine chattel manufactured housing values.
We also underwrite mortgage loans, often called land-home loans, collateralized by both the
manufactured houses and the underlying real estate. Because the land-home and home-only business
lines have different characteristics, predictive modeling has only been possible for the home-only
applications. We use our Internal Credit Rating grid and a full property appraisal to underwrite
land-home loans. The grid is a traditional underwriting method that primarily takes into account
the applicants credit history, debt capacity and underlying collateral value.
In addition to using our proprietary TNG scoring model, we underwrite loans based upon our
review of credit applications to ensure loans will comply with applicable lender guidelines. Our
approach to underwriting focuses primarily on the borrowers creditworthiness and the borrowers
ability and willingness to repay the debt, which is evaluated through TNG. Each contract originated
is individually underwritten and approved or rejected based on the TNG result and an underwriters
evaluation of the terms of the purchase agreement, a detailed credit application completed by the
prospective borrower and the borrowers credit report, which includes the applicants credit
history as well as litigation, judgment and bankruptcy information. Once all the applicable
employment, credit and property-related information is received, the application is evaluated to
determine whether the applicant has sufficient monthly income to meet the anticipated loan payment
and other obligations.
Servicing
We service the manufactured housing loan contracts that we have originated or purchased as
well as manufactured housing loan contracts owned by third parties. As of December 31, 2007, our
loan servicing portfolio of over 40,800 loans totaled approximately $1.8 billion in loan principal
outstanding. Our annual servicing fees range from 50 to 150 basis points of the outstanding balance
on manufactured housing loans serviced. The majority of loans we service are included in
securitized loan pools.
Servicing activities include processing payments received, recording and tracking all relevant
information regarding the loan and the underlying collateral, collecting delinquent accounts,
remitting funds to investors, repossessing houses upon loan default and reselling repossessed
houses. Our loan servicing activities are centralized at our national loan servicing center in Ft.
Worth, Texas.
Although we strive to continuously reduce delinquency, our primary servicing objectives are to
maintain a stream of borrower payments, limit loan defaults, and maximize recoveries on defaulted
loans. Accordingly, we perform loss mitigation activities on delinquent loans whereby we maintain
the borrowers delinquent status during the payment plan or other loan workout situation. The
industry has typically reported borrowers in loss mitigation as current. In our efforts to maximize
recoveries on defaulted loans, we may hold repossessed collateral longer to
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achieve a retail sale to a consumer for a higher price rather than a quicker sale to a
reseller at a lower price. This business strategy may cause us to report higher delinquencies, but
usually leads to improved default and recovery performance.
Securitizations and Management of Securitization Residuals
We have historically securitized a substantial portion of our owned manufactured housing
loans. In the past, after accumulating manufactured housing loans, we used transactions known as
asset-backed securitizations to pay off short term debt, replenish funds for future loan
originations, limit credit risk, and lock in the spread between interest rates on borrowings with
the interest rates on our manufactured housing loans. In our securitizations, the manufactured
housing loans were transferred to a bankruptcy remote trust that then issued bonds collateralized
by those manufactured housing loans. By securitizing loans in this way, we eliminated the credit
risk on our manufactured housing loans up to the amount of bonds sold to investors. Likewise, the
form of securitization was designed to insulate the securitized loans from our creditors if we file
for bankruptcy so that the loans supporting the bonds issued by the trust will not be encumbered.
This process enabled us to fund our business at competitive rates without asset-backed bond
investors relying on our corporate credit-worthiness. The most recent securitization we have
completed was October 2007. As described earlier, under Recent Developments, we do not believe
that current market conditions are favorable to profitable securitizations of our loans.
In May 2007, we completed our 2007-A securitization of approximately $200.4 million in
principal balance of manufactured housing loans.
In October 2007, we completed our 2007-B securitization of approximately $140.0 million in
principal balance of manufactured housing loans.
In March 2008, as a result of the unfavorable securitization markets, we sold approximately
$174.6 million in principal balance of manufactured housing loans in a whole loan sale to a third
party.
We actively manage our residual interests in our securitized loan portfolio by monitoring and
analyzing cash flow, delinquencies and recoveries.
Insurance
As a complement to our origination and servicing business, we offer property and casualty
insurance at the point of sale for manufactured housing loans we have originated or service.
Additionally, we have historically placed property and casualty insurance for lapsed policies,
primarily for manufactured housing loans we have originated or service. The closing of many of the
manufactured housing loans we originate is delayed because the borrower has not obtained insurance
or the insurance policy obtained by the borrower does not meet lender guidelines. Although we have
ceased originating new loans for our own account, we intend to continue to offer property and
casualty insurance in connection with our third-party loan origination services.
Competition
The manufactured housing finance industry is very fragmented. The market is served by both
traditional and non-traditional consumer finance sources. Several of these financing sources are
larger than us and have greater financial resources. In addition, some of the manufactured housing
industrys larger manufacturers maintain their own finance subsidiaries to provide financing for
purchasers of their manufactured houses. Historically, our largest competitors in the industry have
included Clayton Homes, Inc., through its subsidiaries 21st Mortgage Corporation and Vanderbilt
Mortgage and Finance, Inc., U.S. Bank, and San Antonio Federal Credit Union. However, as we have
ceased originating new loans for our own account, these companies may no longer be our direct
competitors. Traditional financing sources such as commercial banks, savings and loans, credit
unions and other consumer lenders, many of which have significantly greater resources than us and
may be able to offer more attractive terms to potential customers, also provide competition in our
market. Competition among industry participants can take many forms, including, customer service,
marketing/distribution channels, interest rates and credit-related factors.
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Corporate Governance
We have implemented the following corporate governance initiatives to address certain legal
requirements promulgated under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as Nasdaq corporate
governance listing standards:
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Our Board of Directors determined that at least one member of the Audit Committee of
our Board of Directors qualifies as an audit committee financial expert as such term is
defined under Item 401 of Regulation S-K. Each Audit Committee member is independent as
that term is defined under applicable SEC and Nasdaq rules. |
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Our Board of Directors adopted a Financial Code of Ethics for Senior Financial
Officers, which governs the conduct of our senior financial officers. A copy of this code
is available on our website at www.origenfinancial.com under the heading
Investors and subheading Corporate Governance and is also available in print to any
stockholder upon written request to Origen Financial, Inc., 27777 Franklin Road, Suite
1700, Southfield, Michigan 48034. |
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Our Board of Directors established and adopted charters for each of its Audit,
Compensation and Nominating and Governance Committees. Each committee is comprised of
independent directors. A copy of each of these charters is available on our website at
www.origenfinancial.com under the heading Investors and subheading Corporate
Governance and is also available in print to any stockholder upon written request to
Origen Financial, Inc., 27777 Franklin Road, Suite 1700, Southfield, Michigan 48034. |
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Our Board of Directors adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which governs
business decisions made and actions taken by our directors, officers and employees. A copy
of this code is available on our website at www.origenfinancial.com under the
heading Investors and subheading Corporate Governance and is also available in print to
any stockholder upon written request to Origen Financial, Inc., 27777 Franklin Road, Suite
1700, Southfield, Michigan 48034. Additionally, we maintain a Confidential and Anonymous
Ethics Complaint Hotline maintained with an independent third party so that employees may
confidentially report infractions against our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to the
Compliance Committee. Through this arrangement, each Compliance Committee member has access
to two-way anonymous communications with the reporting employee. There are three submission
methods (voicemail, email and web form). There is a message management system that provides
the member an up-to-date snapshot of all incoming and outgoing communications. The ethics
hotline is accessible through our intranet system. |
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The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 requires the establishment of procedures whereby each
member of the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors is able to receive confidential,
anonymous communications regarding concerns in the areas of accounting, internal controls
or auditing matters. We have established a Confidential and Anonymous Financial Complaint
Hotline, or whistleblower hotline, maintained with an independent third party. Through
this arrangement, each Audit Committee member has access to two-way anonymous
communications with the whistleblower. There are three submission methods (voicemail,
e-mail and web form). There is a message management system that provides the member an
up-to-date snapshot of all incoming and outgoing communications. The Whistleblower Hotline
is accessible through our website at www.origenfinancial.com under the heading
Investors. |
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our prospects are subject to certain uncertainties and risks. Our future results could differ
materially from current results, and our actual results could differ materially from those
projected in forward-looking statements as a result of certain risk factors. These risk factors
include, but are not limited to, those set forth below, other one-time events, and important
factors disclosed previously and from time to time in our other filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission. This report contains certain forward-looking statements.
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Risks Related to Our Business
Continuing adverse market conditions might lead us to experience further liquidity problems.
As of March 14, 2008, we owed approximately $46 million under a supplemental advance credit
facility with Citigroup. The credit facility is collateralized by our residual or retained
ownership interests in several of our securitized loan pools. Due to recent adverse conditions in
the credit markets, uncertainty among lenders and investors has continued to reduce liquidity,
drive up the cost of lending and drive down the value of assets in these markets. Further downward
market value adjustments on the collateral securing our supplemental advance credit facility might
cause Citigroup to require us to provide additional capital upon relatively short notice. If this
capital is unavailable, or if it is not available upon terms acceptable to us, then Citigroup may
seize the collateral securing this credit facility and pursue all of its other remedies under the
credit facility.
We may not have access to adequate capital to meet our existing debt obligations.
On
March 14, 2008, our supplemental advance credit facility with Citigroup was extended to June
13, 2008. As of March 14, 2008, the amount due under the facility was approximately $46 million.
Given the current adverse conditions in the credit markets, we have been unable to secure financing
under favorable terms to continue originating loans for our own account and for other purposes.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to renew, refinance or pay off the credit facility
when it expires. Even if such funding is available, we might not be able to obtain it on favorable
terms. If we are unable to satisfy our obligations when the credit facility expires, Citigroup may
foreclose on the pledged residual interests, and the proceeds of that sale may be less than we
would receive if we sold the interests ourselves. As a result, we may not receive any proceeds
from such foreclosure sale, and we may be liable to repay any remaining balance on the credit
facility.
Our auditors have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
Our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, were prepared
under the assumption that we will continue our operations as a going concern. Our registered
independent accountants in their audit report have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to
continue as a going concern. Continued operations depend on our ability to meet our existing debt
obligations and the financing or other capital required to do so may not be available or may not be
available on reasonable terms. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that may
result from the outcome of this uncertainty. If we cannot continue as a viable entity, our
stockholders may lose some or all of their investment in the company.
Cessation of loan originations for our own account may affect our continuing lines of business.
Originating manufactured home loans has historically been the foundation of our business and
has provided a continuing stream of servicing revenue. While our business also includes servicing,
third-party originations, insurance and residual asset management, because we have currently
determined to cease originating manufactured home loans for our own account, our other business
lines may be adversely affected as the revenues associated with these business lines were in large
part generated as a result of new loans originated for our own account. As a result, our
third-party origination and servicing business lines may fail to grow, and perhaps may decline, if
third parties perceive that we do not have the capacity to provide a full range of services.
Our business may not be profitable in the future.
We had net losses of $31.8 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2007. While we
had net income of approximately $7.0 million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, we
incurred net losses of approximately $2.7 million and $3.0 million during the twelve months ended
December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Origen Financial L.L.C., our predecessor company, which
we acquired in October 2003, experienced net losses in each year of its existence while growing its
loan origination platform and business, including net losses of approximately $23.9 million for the
period from January 1, 2003 through October 7, 2003 and $29.2 million for fiscal year 2002. We will
need to generate significant revenues to maintain profitability. If we are unable to achieve and
maintain sufficient revenue growth, we may not be profitable in the future.
We depend on key personnel, the loss of whom could threaten our ability to operate our business
successfully.
Our future success depends, to a significant extent, upon the continued services of our senior
management team. In general, we have entered into employment agreements with these individuals.
There is no guarantee that these individuals will renew their employment agreements prior to the
termination of the employment agreements, some of which are scheduled to expire in 2008, or that
they otherwise will remain employed with us. The market for skilled personnel, especially those
with the technical abilities we require, notably in servicing, is currently very competitive, and
we must compete with much larger companies with significantly greater resources to attract and
retain such personnel. The loss of services of one or more key employees may harm our business and
our prospects.
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Some of our investments are illiquid and their value may decrease.
Some of our assets are and will continue to be relatively illiquid. In addition, certain of
the asset-backed securities that we hold may include interests that have not been registered under
the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against transfer, sale, pledge or other
disposition of those securities except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration
requirements of, or otherwise in accordance with, those laws. Our ability to vary our portfolio in
response to changes in economic and other conditions, including current market conditions, is
currently limited and may become even more constrained. No assurances can be given that the fair
market value of any of our assets will not further decrease in the future.
Certain securitization structures may cause us to recognize income for accounting and tax purposes
without concurrently receiving the associated cash flow.
Certain securitizations are structured to build overcollateralization over time with respect
to the loans that are the subject of the securitization or to accelerate the payment on senior
securities to enhance the credit ratings of such securities. Accordingly, these structures may
cause us to recognize income without concurrently receiving the associated cash flow. We have used
such securitization structures in the past. These securitization structures and the possible
resulting mismatch between income recognition and receipt of cash flow may cause us to require
capital to meet our REIT distribution requirements, which capital may not be available to us on
acceptable terms, if at all.
We may pay distributions that result in a return of capital to stockholders, which may cause
stockholders to realize lower overall returns.
We may pay quarterly distributions that result in a return of capital to our stockholders. Any
such return of capital to our stockholders will reduce the amount of capital available to us, which
may result in lower returns to our stockholders. None of the distributions in 2007 represented a
return of capital. Return of capital amounted to 5.5% of distributions in 2006.
We may not generate sufficient revenue to make or sustain distributions to stockholders.
We intend to distribute to our stockholders substantially all of our REIT net taxable income
each year so as to avoid paying corporate income tax on our earnings and to qualify for the tax
benefits accorded to a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code. Distributions will be made at the
discretion of our Board of Directors. Our ability to make and sustain cash distributions is based
on many factors, including the performance of our manufactured housing loans, our ability to borrow
at favorable rates and terms, interest rate levels and changes in the yield curve and our ability
to use hedging strategies to insulate our exposure to changing interest rates. Some of these
factors are beyond our control and a change in any such factor could affect our ability to pay
future distributions. We cannot assure our stockholders that we will be able to pay or maintain
distributions in the future. We also cannot assure stockholders that the level of distributions
will increase over time and that our loans will perform as expected or that the growth of our loan
acquisition and servicing business will be sufficient to increase our actual cash available for
distribution to stockholders.
We may engage in hedging transactions, which can limit gains and increase exposure to losses.
Periodically, we have entered into interest rate swap agreements in an effort to manage
interest rate risk. An interest rate swap is considered to be a hedging transaction designed to
protect us from the effect of interest rate fluctuations on our floating rate debt and also to
protect our portfolio of assets from interest rate and prepayment rate fluctuations. We may use
hedging transactions, including interest rate swaps, in the future. The nature and timing of
interest rate risk management strategies may impact their effectiveness. Poorly designed strategies
may increase rather than mitigate risk. For example, if we enter into hedging instruments that have
higher interest rates embedded in them as a result of the forward yield curve, and at the end of
the term of these hedging instruments the spot market interest rates for the liabilities that we
hedged are actually lower, then we will have locked in higher interest rates for our liabilities
than would be available in the spot market at the time and this could result in a narrowing of our
net interest rate margin or result in losses. In some situations, we may sell assets or hedging
instruments at a loss in order to maintain adequate liquidity. There can be no assurance that our
hedging activities will have the desired beneficial impact on our financial condition or results of
operations. Moreover, no hedging activity can completely insulate us from the risks associated with
changes in interest rates and prepayment rates.
9
We may experience capacity constraints or system failures that could damage our business.
If our systems or third-party systems cannot be expanded to support increased third-party loan
originations or additional servicing opportunities, or if such systems fail to perform effectively,
we could experience:
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disruptions in servicing loans; |
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delays in the introduction of new third-party loan services; or |
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vulnerability to internet hacker raids, |
any of which could impair our reputation, damage the Origen brand, or otherwise have a material
adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our ability to provide high-quality service also depends on the efficient and uninterrupted
operation of our technology infrastructure. Even though we have developed a redundant
infrastructure to protect our systems and operations, our systems are vulnerable to damage or
interruption from human error, natural disasters, telecommunication failures, break-ins, sabotage,
failure to adequately document the operation of software and hardware systems and procedures,
computer viruses, intentional acts of vandalism and similar events. If any of these events were to
occur, our business could be materially and adversely affected. Although we maintain business
interruption insurance to compensate for losses that could occur for any of these risks, such
insurance may not be sufficient to cover a significant loss.
If the prepayment rates for our manufactured housing loans are higher than expected, our results of
operations may be significantly harmed.
Prepayments of our manufactured housing loans, whether due to refinancing, repayments,
repossessions or foreclosures, in excess of managements estimates could adversely affect our
future cash flow as a result of the resulting loss of any servicing fee revenue and net interest
income on such prepaid loans. Prepayments can result from a variety of factors, many of which are
beyond our control, including changes in interest rates and general economic conditions.
We may not realize the expected recovery rate on the resale of a manufactured house upon its
repossession or foreclosure.
Most states impose requirements and restrictions relating to resales of repossessed
manufactured houses and foreclosed manufactured houses and land, and obtaining deficiency judgments
following such sales. In addition to these requirements and restrictions, our ability to realize
the expected recovery rate upon such sales may be affected by depreciation or loss of or damage to
the manufactured house. Federal bankruptcy laws and related state laws also may impair our ability
to realize upon collateral or enforce a deficiency judgment. For example, in a Chapter 13
proceeding under federal bankruptcy law, a court may prevent us from repossessing a manufactured
house or foreclosing on a manufactured house and land. As part of the debt repayment plan, a
bankruptcy court may reduce the amount of our secured debt to the market value of the manufactured
house at the time of the bankruptcy, leaving us as a general unsecured creditor for the remainder
of the debt. A Chapter 7 bankruptcy debtor, under certain circumstances, may retain possession of
his or her house, while enforcement of our loan may be limited to the value of our collateral.
Data security breaches may subject us to liability or tarnish our reputation.
In the ordinary course of our business, we acquire and maintain confidential customer
information. While we take great care in protecting customer information, we may incur liability if
it is accessed by third parties and our customers suffer negative consequences, such as identity
theft. We have taken precautions to guarantee the safety of all of our customers confidential
information. We also periodically review all of our data security policies and procedures in an
effort to avoid data breaches. However, there can be no guarantee that we will not be subject to
future claims arising from data breaches.
10
Our profitability may be affected if we are unable to effectively manage interest rate risk and
leverage.
We derive our income in part from the difference, or spread, between the interest earned on
loans and interest paid on borrowings. In general, the wider the spread, the more we earn. In
addition, at any point in time there is an optimal amount of leverage to employ in the business in
order to generate the highest rate of return to our stockholders. When market rates of interest
change, the interest we receive on our assets and the interest we pay on our liabilities will
fluctuate. In addition, interest rate changes affect the optimal amount of leverage to employ. This
can cause increases or decreases in our spread and can affect our income, require us to modify our
leverage strategy and affect returns to our stockholders. Factors such as inflation, recession,
unemployment, money supply, international disorders, instability in domestic and foreign financial
markets and other factors beyond our control may affect interest rates.
Risks Related to the Manufactured Housing Industry
Manufactured housing loan borrowers may be relatively high credit risks.
Manufactured housing loans make up substantially our entire loan portfolio. Typical
manufactured housing loan borrowers may be relatively higher credit risks due to various factors.
Moreover, especially during periods of economic slowdown or recession, decreased real estate values
may reduce the incentives that borrowers have to meet their payment obligations. Consequently, the
manufactured housing loans we have originated, securitized and in which we have a residual or
retained ownership interest bear a higher rate of interest, have a higher probability of default
and may involve higher delinquency rates and greater servicing costs relative to loans to more
creditworthy borrowers. We bear the risk of delinquency and default on securitized loans in which
we have a residual or retained ownership interest. We also reacquire the risks of delinquency and
default for loans that we are obligated to repurchase. Repurchase obligations are typically
triggered in sales or securitizations if the loan materially violates our representations or
warranties. If we experience higher-than-expected levels of delinquency or default in pools of
loans that we service, resulting in higher-than-anticipated losses, our servicing rights may be
terminated, which would result in a loss of future servicing income and damage to our reputation as
a loan servicer.
Depreciation in the value of manufactured houses may decrease sales of new manufactured houses and
lead to increased defaults and delinquencies.
The value of manufactured houses has tended to depreciate over time. This depreciation makes
pre-owned houses, even relatively new ones, significantly less expensive than new manufactured
houses, thereby decreasing the demand for new manufactured houses, which negatively affects the
manufactured housing lending industry. Additionally, rapid depreciation may cause the fair market
value of borrowers manufactured houses to be less than the outstanding balance of their loans. In
cases where borrowers have negative equity in their houses, they may not be able to resell their
manufactured houses for enough money to repay their loans and may have less incentive to continue
to repay their loans, which may lead to increased delinquencies and defaults.
Our business may be significantly harmed by a slowdown in the economy of California where we
conduct a significant amount of business.
We have no geographic concentration limits on our ability to originate, purchase or service
loans. For the year ended December 31, 2007, approximately 55% by principal balance and 39% by
number of loans of the loans we originated were in California. As of December 31, 2007,
approximately 41% of our loans receivable by principal balance was in California. Further decline
in the economy or the residential real estate market in California or in any other state in which
we have a high concentration of loans could further decrease the value of manufactured houses and
increase the risk of delinquency. This, in turn, would increase the risk of default, repossession
or foreclosure on manufactured housing loans that have been securitized and in which we hold a
residual or retained ownership interest, loans that we have sold to others, or loans that we
service.
Tax Risks of Our Business and Structure
Distribution
requirements imposed by law limit our flexibility in executing our business plan, and we cannot assure stockholders that we will have sufficient funds to meet our distribution obligations.
11
To maintain our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we generally are required to
distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable net income each year. REIT taxable
net income is determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and by excluding net
capital gains. We are also required to pay federal income tax at regular corporate rates to the
extent that we distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income (including net capital gains)
each year. In addition, to the extent such income is not subject to corporate tax, we are required
to pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which certain distributions we pay
with respect to any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income for that
calendar year, 95% of our capital gain net income for the calendar year and any amount of our
income that was not distributed in prior years.
We intend to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable net income each
year in order to comply with the distribution requirements of the Internal Revenue Code and to
avoid federal income tax and the nondeductible excise tax. Differences in timing between the
receipt of income and the payment of expenses in arriving at REIT taxable net income and the effect
of required debt amortization payments could require us to borrow funds on a short-term basis,
access the capital markets or liquidate investments to meet the distribution requirements that are
necessary to achieve the federal income tax benefits associated with qualifying as a REIT even if
our management believes that it is not in our best interest to do so. We cannot assure our
stockholders that any such borrowing or capital market financing will be available to us or, if
available to us, will be on terms that are favorable to us. Borrowings incurred to pay
distributions will reduce the amount of cash available for operations. Any inability to borrow such
funds or access the capital markets, if necessary, could jeopardize our REIT status and have a
material adverse effect on our financial condition.
We may suffer adverse tax consequences and be unable to attract capital if we fail to qualify as a
REIT.
Since our taxable period ended December 31, 2003, we have been organized and operated, and
intend to continue to operate, so as to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue
Code. Although we believe that we have been and will continue to be organized and have operated and
will continue to operate so as to qualify for taxation as a REIT, we cannot assure stockholders
that we have been or will continue to be organized or operated in a manner to so qualify or remain
so qualified. Qualification as a REIT involves the satisfaction of numerous requirements (some on
an annual and quarterly basis) established under highly technical and complex Internal Revenue Code
provisions for which there are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations, and
involves the determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our
control. In addition, frequent changes may occur in the area of REIT taxation, which require us to
continually monitor our tax status.
If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we would be subject to federal income tax
(including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on our taxable net income at regular corporate
rates. Moreover, unless entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions, (generally requiring
reasonable cause for any REIT testing violations), we also would be disqualified from treatment as
a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification was lost. This
treatment would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution to stockholders
because of the additional tax liability to us for the years involved. In addition, distributions to
stockholders would no longer be required to be made. Even if we qualify for and maintain our REIT
status, we will be subject to certain federal, state and local taxes on our property and certain of
our operations.
Our use of taxable REIT subsidiaries will cause income from our servicing and insurance activities
to be subject to corporate level tax and may cause us to restrict our business activities.
To preserve our qualification as a REIT, we conduct all of our servicing and insurance
activities through one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. A taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to
federal income tax, and state and local income tax where applicable, as a regular C corporation.
Accordingly, net income from activities conducted by our taxable REIT subsidiaries is subject to
corporate level tax. In addition, under the Internal Revenue Code, no more than 20% of the total
value of the assets of a REIT may be represented by securities of one or more taxable REIT
subsidiaries. This limitation may cause us to limit the growth of our taxable REIT subsidiaries
with the potential for decreased revenue.
Our ability to originate loans for third parties may be limited due to various federal income tax
rules applicable to REITs.
12
Under the Internal Revenue Code, a REIT is subject to a 100% tax on its net income derived
from prohibited transactions. The phrase prohibited transactions refers to the sales of
inventory or assets held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a taxpayers
business. A taxpayer who engages in such sales is typically referred to as a dealer. If the
Internal Revenue Service does not respect the legal structure of certain of our third party loan
origination programs (see BusinessLoan Origination, Acquisition and Underwriting Third-Party
Originations), we may be subject to the prohibited transactions tax on any net income derived from
these origination programs.
A portion of our income from assets held directly by or through a qualified REIT subsidiary that is
classified as a taxable mortgage pool may represent phantom taxable income.
A portion of our income from a qualified REIT subsidiary that would otherwise be classified as
a taxable mortgage pool may be treated as excess inclusion income, which would be subject to the
distribution requirements that apply to us and could therefore adversely affect our liquidity.
Generally, a stockholders share of excess inclusion income would not be allowed to be offset by
any operating losses otherwise available to the stockholder. Tax exempt entities that own shares in
a REIT must treat their allocable share of excess inclusion income as unrelated business taxable
income. A REIT must also pay federal tax, at the highest corporate marginal tax rate, on any excess
inclusion income allocated to disqualified organizations (e.g., governmental agencies and tax
exempt organizations not subject to the tax on unrelated business income). Any portion of a REIT
dividend paid to foreign stockholders that is allocable to excess inclusion income will not be
eligible for exemption from the 30% withholding tax (or reduced treaty rate) on dividend income.
We may pay distributions that are in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits,
which may cause our stockholders to incur future adverse federal income tax consequences.
We may pay quarterly distributions to our stockholders in excess of 100% of our estimated REIT
taxable net income. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits are
not treated as a dividend and generally will not be taxable to a taxable U.S. stockholder under
current U.S. federal income tax law to the extent those distributions do not exceed the
stockholders adjusted tax basis in his or her common stock. Instead, any such distribution
generally will constitute a return of capital, which will reduce the stockholders adjusted basis
and could result in the recognition of increased gain or decreased loss to the stockholder upon a
sale of the stockholders stock.
Other Risks
We operate in a highly regulated industry and failure to comply with applicable laws and
regulations at the federal, state or local level could negatively affect our business.
We conduct loan origination activities for third parties and conduct servicing operations in
many states. Most states where we operate require that we comply with a complex set of laws and
regulations. These laws, which include installment sales laws, consumer lending laws, mortgage
lending laws and mortgage servicing laws, differ from state to state, making uniform operations
difficult. Most states periodically conduct examinations of our contracts and loans for compliance
with state laws. In addition to state laws regulating our business, consumer-lending and servicing
activities are subject to numerous federal laws and the rules and regulations promulgated
there-under.
These federal and state laws and regulations and other laws and regulations affecting our
business, including zoning, density and development requirements and building and environmental
rules and regulations, create a complex framework in which we originate and service manufactured
housing loans. Moreover, because these laws and regulations are constantly changing, it is
difficult to comprehensively identify, accurately interpret, properly program our technology
systems and effectively train our personnel with respect to all of these laws and regulations,
thereby potentially increasing our exposure to the risks of noncompliance with these laws and
regulations. As a result, we have not always been, and may not always be, in compliance with these
requirements, including licensing requirements.
Our failure to comply with these laws and regulations can lead to:
13
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defaults under contracts we have with third parties, which could cause those contracts to be
terminated or renegotiated on less favorable terms; |
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civil fines and penalties and criminal liability; |
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loss of licenses, exemptions or other approved status, which could in turn require us
temporarily or permanently to cease our affected operations; |
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demands for indemnification, loan repurchases or modification of our loans; |
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class action lawsuits; and |
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administrative enforcement actions. |
The increasing number of federal, state and local ''anti-predatory lending laws may restrict our
ability to originate loans on behalf of third parties or increase our risk of liability with
respect to certain manufactured housing loans and could increase our cost of doing business.
In recent years, several federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations have been
adopted, or are under consideration, that are intended to eliminate so-called ''predatory lending
practices. These laws, rules and regulations impose certain restrictions on loans on which certain
points and fees or the annual percentage rate, or APR, exceeds specified thresholds. Some of these
restrictions expose a lender to risks of litigation and regulatory sanction no matter how carefully
a loan is underwritten. In addition, an increasing number of these laws, rules and regulations seek
to impose liability for violations on purchasers of loans, regardless of whether a purchaser knew
of or participated in the violation. It is against our policy to engage in predatory lending
practices and we have generally avoided originating loans that exceed the APR or ''points and
fees thresholds of these laws, rules and regulations. These laws, rules and regulations may
prevent us from making certain loans and may cause us to reduce the APR or the points and fees on
loans that we do make. In addition, the difficulty of managing the risks presented by these laws,
rules and regulations may decrease the availability of warehouse financing and the overall demand
for our loans in the secondary market, making it difficult to fund, sell or securitize our loans.
If nothing else, the growing number of these laws, rules and regulations will increase our cost of
doing business as we are required to develop systems and procedures to ensure that we do not
violate any aspect of these new requirements.
The market price of our common stock has significantly declined and may continue to do so.
We have been affected by the current volatility in the stock market. The market price of our
common stock may be further affected by our announcement regarding the cessation of our loan
origination activities for our own account. We cannot predict the effect, if any, of future sales
of shares of our common stock (including outstanding stock purchase warrants and shares of common
stock issuable upon the exercise of currently outstanding options, and non-vested shares issued
under our 2003 Equity Incentive Plan), or the availability of shares for future sales, or the
market price of our common stock. We also may issue from time to time additional shares of common
stock and we may grant registration rights in connection with these issuances. Sales of substantial
amounts of shares of common stock or the perception that these sales could occur may adversely
affect the prevailing market price for our common stock. In addition, the sale of these shares
could impair our ability to raise capital through a sale of additional equity securities.
Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to take action against our directors are limited,
which could limit stockholders recourse in the event of certain actions.
Our certificate of incorporation limits the liability of our directors for money damages for
breach of a fiduciary duty as a director, except under limited circumstances. As a result, we and
our stockholders may have more limited rights against our directors than might otherwise exist. Our
bylaws require us to indemnify each director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or
otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made a party by reason of his or
her service to us. In addition, we may be obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by our
directors and officers.
Our board of directors may change our investment and operational policies and practices without a
vote of our stockholders, which limits stockholder control of our policies and practices.
14
Our major policies, including our policies and practices with respect to our operations,
investments, financing, growth, debt capitalization, REIT qualifications and distributions, are
determined by our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors may amend or revise these and other
policies from time to time without a vote of our stockholders. Accordingly, our stockholders will
have limited control over changes in our policies.
Certain provisions of Delaware law and our governing documents may make it difficult for a
third-party to acquire us.
9.25% Ownership Limit. In order to qualify and maintain our qualification as a REIT,
not more than 50% of the outstanding shares of our capital stock may be owned, directly or
indirectly, by five or fewer individuals. Thus, ownership of more than 9.25% of our outstanding
shares of common stock by any single stockholder has been restricted, with certain exceptions, for
the purpose of maintaining our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code.
The 9.25% ownership limit, as well as our ability to issue additional shares of common stock
or shares of other stock (which may have rights and preferences over the common stock), may
discourage a change of control of the Company and may also: (1) deter tender offers for the common
stock, which offers may be advantageous to stockholders; and (2) limit the opportunity for
stockholders to receive a premium for their common stock that might otherwise exist if an investor
were attempting to assemble a block of common stock in excess of 9.25% of the outstanding shares of
the Company or otherwise effect a change of control of the Company.
Preferred Stock. Our charter authorizes the Board of Directors to issue up to
10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to establish the preferences and rights (including the
right to vote and the right to convert into shares of common stock) of any shares issued. The power
to issue preferred stock could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of the
Company even if a change in control were in the stockholders interest.
Section 203. Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law is applicable to
certain types of corporate takeovers. Subject to specified exceptions listed in this statute,
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides that a corporation may not engage in
any business combination with any interested stockholder for a three-year period following the
date that the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Although these provisions do not apply
in certain circumstances, the provisions of this section could discourage offers from third parties
to acquire us and increase the difficulty of successfully completing this type of offer.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our executive offices are located in approximately 25,000 square feet of leased space at 27777
Franklin Road, Suite 1700 and Suite 1640, Southfield, Michigan 48034. The lease, which terminates
on August 31, 2011, provides for monthly rent of approximately $47,000. Certain of our officers and
directors own interests in the company from which we lease our executive offices.
We also lease office space for our offices in other locations. We currently have a lease
expiring in July 2009 for approximately 3,800 square feet of office space in Glen Allen, Virginia
with a current monthly rent of approximately $6,000; and a lease expiring in June 2012 for
approximately 42,000 square feet of office space in Fort Worth, Texas with a current monthly rent
of approximately $33,000.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. All
such proceedings, taken together, are not expected to have a material adverse impact on our results
of operations or financial condition.
15
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable
PART II
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ITEM 5. |
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MARKET FOR THE COMPANYS COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
Market Information
Our common stock has been listed on the Nasdaq National Market (Nasdaq) since May 5, 2004
under the symbol ORGN. On February 29, 2008, the closing sales price of our common stock was
$2.90 per share and the common stock was held by approximately 68 holders of record. The following
table presents the per share high and low prices of our common stock for the periods indicated as
reported by the Nasdaq National Market. The stock prices reflect inter-dealer prices, do not
include retail mark-ups, mark-downs or commissions and may not necessarily represent actual
transactions.
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High |
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Low |
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006 |
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First quarter |
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$ |
7.24 |
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$ |
5.95 |
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Second quarter |
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$ |
6.79 |
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$ |
5.74 |
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Third quarter |
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$ |
6.48 |
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$ |
5.61 |
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Fourth quarter |
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$ |
6.99 |
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$ |
5.27 |
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Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007 |
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First quarter |
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$ |
7.35 |
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$ |
5.45 |
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Second quarter |
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$ |
7.40 |
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$ |
6.50 |
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Third quarter |
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$ |
7.22 |
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$ |
5.64 |
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Fourth quarter |
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$ |
6.16 |
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$ |
3.78 |
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The following table presents the distributions per common share that were paid with respect to
each quarter for 2006 and 2007.
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Distribution |
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per share |
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006 |
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First quarter |
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$ |
0.03 |
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Second quarter |
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$ |
0.03 |
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Third quarter |
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$ |
0.03 |
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Fourth quarter |
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$ |
0.04 |
(1) |
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007 |
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First quarter |
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$ |
0.06 |
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Second quarter |
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$ |
0.08 |
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Third quarter |
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$ |
0.09 |
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Fourth quarter |
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(1) |
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Declared on March 1, 2007 and payable to holders of record as of March 26, 2007 and
paid on April 2, 2007. |
In order to qualify for the tax benefits accorded to REITs under the Internal Revenue Code, we
must, and we intend to, make distributions to our stockholders each year in an amount at least
equal to (i) 90% of our REIT taxable net income (before the deduction for dividends paid and not
including any net capital gain), plus (ii) 90% of the excess of our net income from foreclosure
property over the tax imposed on such income by the Internal Revenue Code, minus (iii) any excess
non-cash income. Differences in timing between the receipt of income and the payment of expenses
and the effect of required debt amortization payments could require us to borrow funds on a
short-term basis, access the capital markets or liquidate investments to meet this distribution
requirement.
The actual amount and timing of distributions will be at the discretion of our Board of
Directors and will depend upon our actual results of operations. To the extent not inconsistent
with maintaining our REIT status, we may
16
maintain accumulated earnings of our taxable REIT subsidiaries in those subsidiaries.
In the future, our Board of Directors may elect to adopt a dividend reinvestment plan.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table reflects information about the securities authorized for issuance under
our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2007.
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(a) |
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(b) |
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(c) |
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Number of securities |
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Number of |
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remaining available for |
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securities to be |
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Weighted-average |
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future issuance under |
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issued upon exercise |
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exercise price of |
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equity compensation |
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of outstanding |
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outstanding |
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plans (excluding |
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options, warrants |
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options, warrants |
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securities reflected in |
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Plan Category |
|
and rights |
|
|
and rights |
|
|
column (a)) |
|
Equity compensation
plans approved by
shareholders |
|
|
202,000 |
|
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
|
217,676 |
|
Equity compensation
plans not approved
by shareholders |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
202,000 |
|
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
|
217,676 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
Stockholder Return Performance Presentation
Set forth below is a line graph comparing the yearly percentage change in the cumulative total
stockholder return on our common stock against the cumulative total return of a broad market index
composed of all issuers listed on the Nasdaq National Market (NASDAQ) and the SNL Finance REITs
Index for the period beginning on May 5, 2004 (the date of our initial public offering) and ending
on December 31, 2007. This line graph assumes a $100 investment on May 5, 2004, a reinvestment of
dividends and actual decrease of the market value of our common stock relative to an initial
investment of $100. The comparisons in this table are required by the applicable SEC regulations
and are not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of our common
stock.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Index |
|
|
05/05/04 |
|
|
|
12/31/04 |
|
|
|
12/31/05 |
|
|
|
12/31/06 |
|
|
|
12/31/07 |
|
|
|
Origen Financial, Inc. |
|
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
97.60 |
|
|
|
|
95.84 |
|
|
|
|
93.62 |
|
|
|
|
57.12 |
|
|
|
NASDAQ Composite |
|
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
111.15 |
|
|
|
|
112.67 |
|
|
|
|
123.40 |
|
|
|
|
135.51 |
|
|
|
SNL Finance REIT Index |
|
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
127.38 |
|
|
|
|
101.92 |
|
|
|
|
129.10 |
|
|
|
|
80.29 |
|
|
|
18
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Origen Financial, Inc. |
|
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. (4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Period from |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 8 |
|
|
Period from |
|
|
|
Year Ended |
|
|
Year Ended |
|
|
Year Ended |
|
|
Year Ended |
|
|
through |
|
|
January 1 |
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
through October 7, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
2003 (1) |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
(dollars in thousands, except for per-share data) |
|
Operating Statement Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income on loans |
|
$ |
92,127 |
|
|
$ |
74,295 |
|
|
$ |
59,391 |
|
|
$ |
42,479 |
|
|
$ |
7,339 |
|
|
$ |
16,398 |
|
Gain on sale and securitization of
loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28 |
|
Servicing and other revenues |
|
|
22,040 |
|
|
|
17,787 |
|
|
|
14,651 |
|
|
|
11,184 |
|
|
|
2,880 |
|
|
|
7,329 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
|
114,167 |
|
|
|
92,082 |
|
|
|
74,042 |
|
|
|
53,663 |
|
|
|
10,219 |
|
|
|
23,755 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense |
|
|
59,758 |
|
|
|
43,498 |
|
|
|
28,468 |
|
|
|
15,020 |
|
|
|
2,408 |
|
|
|
11,418 |
|
Provisions for loan loss, recourse
liability and write down of residual
interest |
|
|
8,739 |
|
|
|
7,069 |
|
|
|
13,633 |
|
|
|
10,210 |
|
|
|
768 |
|
|
|
9,849 |
|
Distribution of preferred interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,662 |
|
Goodwill impairment |
|
|
32,277 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other operating expenses |
|
|
45,100 |
|
|
|
34,566 |
|
|
|
34,600 |
|
|
|
31,399 |
|
|
|
5,546 |
|
|
|
24,754 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses |
|
|
145,874 |
|
|
|
85,133 |
|
|
|
76,701 |
|
|
|
56,629 |
|
|
|
8,722 |
|
|
|
47,683 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income
taxes and cumulative effect of
change in accounting principle |
|
|
(31,707 |
) |
|
|
6,949 |
|
|
|
(2,659 |
) |
|
|
(2,966 |
) |
|
|
1,497 |
|
|
|
(23,928 |
) |
Provision for income taxes(2) |
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle |
|
|
|
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(31,767 |
) |
|
$ |
6,971 |
|
|
$ |
(2,659 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,966 |
) |
|
$ |
1,497 |
|
|
$ |
(23,928 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earning (loss) per share Diluted(3) |
|
$ |
(1.26 |
) |
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.14 |
) |
|
$ |
0.10 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Distributions paid per share |
|
$ |
0.27 |
|
|
$ |
0.09 |
|
|
$ |
0.22 |
|
|
$ |
0.35 |
|
|
|
0.098 |
|
|
|
|
|
Balance Sheet Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loans receivable, net of allowance
for losses |
|
$ |
1,193,916 |
|
|
$ |
950,226 |
|
|
$ |
768,410 |
|
|
$ |
563,268 |
|
|
$ |
368,040 |
|
|
$ |
279,300 |
|
Servicing rights |
|
|
2,146 |
|
|
|
2,508 |
|
|
|
3,103 |
|
|
|
4,097 |
|
|
|
5,131 |
|
|
|
5,892 |
|
Retained interests in loan
securitizations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
724 |
|
|
|
749 |
|
|
|
785 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,277 |
|
|
|
32,277 |
|
|
|
32,277 |
|
|
|
32,277 |
|
|
|
18,332 |
|
Cash and other assets |
|
|
88,139 |
|
|
|
88,056 |
|
|
|
89,213 |
|
|
|
82,181 |
|
|
|
37,876 |
|
|
|
22,894 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
1,284,201 |
|
|
$ |
1,073,067 |
|
|
$ |
893,003 |
|
|
$ |
682,547 |
|
|
$ |
444,073 |
|
|
$ |
327,203 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total debt |
|
|
1,089,968 |
|
|
|
842,300 |
|
|
|
669,708 |
|
|
|
455,914 |
|
|
|
277,441 |
|
|
|
273,186 |
|
Preferred interest in subsidiary |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45,617 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
45,848 |
|
|
|
26,303 |
|
|
|
23,344 |
|
|
|
23,167 |
|
|
|
24,312 |
|
|
|
22,345 |
|
Members/Stockholders Equity/Capital |
|
|
148,385 |
|
|
|
204,464 |
|
|
|
199,951 |
|
|
|
203,466 |
|
|
|
142,320 |
|
|
|
(13,945 |
) |
Other Information |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash Flow Data: (provided by/(used in)) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From operating activities |
|
$ |
23,056 |
|
|
$ |
16,287 |
|
|
$ |
18,167 |
|
|
$ |
8,606 |
|
|
$ |
(8,841 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,642 |
) |
From investing activities |
|
|
(253,997 |
) |
|
|
(193,265 |
) |
|
|
(229,183 |
) |
|
|
(245,125 |
) |
|
|
(85,665 |
) |
|
|
(112,547 |
) |
From financing activities |
|
|
239,166 |
|
|
|
171,238 |
|
|
|
210,030 |
|
|
|
238,886 |
|
|
|
100,254 |
|
|
|
121,110 |
|
Selected Ratios |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Return on average assets |
|
|
(2.70 |
)% |
|
|
0.70 |
% |
|
|
(0.33 |
)% |
|
|
(0.52 |
)% |
|
|
1.43 |
% |
|
|
(8.52 |
)% |
Return on average equity |
|
|
(18.01 |
)% |
|
|
3.45 |
% |
|
|
(1.29 |
)% |
|
|
(1.56 |
)% |
|
|
4.21 |
% |
|
|
(1352.96 |
)% |
Average equity to average assets |
|
|
14.97 |
% |
|
|
20.29 |
% |
|
|
25.63 |
% |
|
|
33.03 |
% |
|
|
33.91 |
% |
|
|
0.63 |
% |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Origen Financial, Inc. began operations on October 8, 2003 as a REIT with Origen Financial
L.L.C. as a wholly-owned subsidiary. |
|
(2) |
|
As a REIT, Origen Financial, Inc. is not required to pay federal corporate income taxes on its
net income that is currently distributed to its stockholders. As a limited liability company,
Origen Financial L.L.C. does not incur income taxes. |
|
(3) |
|
As a limited liability company, Origen Financial L.L.C. did not report earnings per share. |
|
(4) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. is our predecessor for accounting purposes. However, we believe that
its business, financial statements and results of operations are quantitatively different from
ours. Its results of operations reflect capital constraints and corporate and business strategies,
including commercial mortgage loan origination and servicing, which are different than ours. We
also have elected to be taxed as a REIT. Accordingly, we believe the historical financial results
of Origen Financial L.L.C. are not indicative of our future performance. |
19
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of the consolidated financial condition and results of
operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes
thereto.
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations and
liquidity and capital resources contained within this Form 10-K is more clearly understood when
read in conjunction with our historical financial statements and the related notes. The notes to
the financial statements provide information about us, as well as the basis for presentation used
in this Form 10-K.
Overview
In October 2003, we began operations upon the acquisition of all of the equity interests of
Origen Financial L.L.C. We also took steps to qualify Origen Financial, Inc. as a REIT. In the
second quarter of 2004, we completed the initial public offering of our common stock. Currently,
most of our operations are conducted through Origen Financial L.L.C., our wholly-owned subsidiary.
We conduct the rest of our business operations through our other wholly-owned subsidiaries,
including taxable REIT subsidiaries, to take advantage of certain business opportunities and ensure
that we comply with the federal income tax rules applicable to REITs.
In May 2007, we completed a securitization of approximately $200.4 million in principal
balance of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a financing. As part
of the securitization we, through a special purpose entity, issued $184.4 million in notes payable.
Additional credit enhancement was provided by a guaranty from Ambac Assurance Corporation. The
notes are stratified into two different classes. The Class A-1 notes pay interest at one month
LIBOR plus 19 basis points and have a contractual maturity date of April 2037. The Class A-2 notes
pay interest based on a rate established by the auction agent at each rate determination date and
have a contractual maturity date of April 2037. Approximately $182.4 million of the proceeds was
used to reduce the aggregate balance of notes outstanding under our Citigroup warehouse facility.
In September 2007, we, through our primary operating subsidiary, Origen Financial L.L.C.,
entered into a $15 million secured financing arrangement with the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d
12/13/04 (the Lender), an affiliate of one of our principal stockholders (the Bridge
Financing). The Lender is a grantor revocable trust established by William M. Davidson as the
grantor. Mr. Davidson is the sole member of Woodward Holding, LLC, which owns approximately 6.8% of
our common stock. The Bridge Financing includes a senior secured promissory note (the Note) and a
senior secured convertible promissory note (the Convertible Note). The Note and the Convertible
Note are each one-year secured notes bearing interest at 8% per year and are secured by a portion
of our rights to receive servicing fees on our loan servicing portfolio. The Note, which has an
original principal amount of $10 million, and the Convertible Note, which has an original principal
amount of $5 million, are each due on September 11, 2008. The term of the Note and the Convertible
Note may be extended up to 120 days with the payment of additional fees. The Convertible Note may
be converted at the option of the Lender into shares of our common stock at a conversion price of
$6.237 per share. In connection with the Bridge Financing, we issued a stock purchase warrant to
the Lender. The stock purchase warrant is a five-year warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of our
common stock at an exercise price of $6.16 per share.
In October 2007, we completed a securitization of approximately $140.0 million in principal
balance of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a financing. As part
of the securitization we through a special purpose entity, issued $126.7 million of a single AAA
rated floating rate class of asset-backed notes to a single qualified institutional buyer pursuant
to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933. Additional credit enhancement was provided by a
guaranty from Ambac Assurance Corporation. The notes pay interest at one month LIBOR plus 120
basis points. Approximately $122.4 million of the proceeds was used to reduce the aggregate
balance of notes outstanding under our Citigroup warehouse facility.
20
Developments Based on Current Adverse Market Conditions
Recent and current conditions in the credit markets have adversely impacted our business and
financial condition. During 2007, the credit markets that we depend on for warehouse lending for
originations and for securitization of our originated loans, as well as the whole loan market for
acquisition of loans we originate, deteriorated. This situation began with problems in the
sub-prime loan market and subsequently has had the same effect on lenders and investors in asset
classes other than sub-prime mortgages, such as our manufactured housing loans.
Despite actions by the Federal Reserve Bank to lower interest rates and increase liquidity,
uncertainty among lenders and investors has continued to reduce liquidity, drive up the cost of
lending and drive down the value of assets in these markets. The specific effects are that banks
and other lenders have reported large losses, have demanded that borrowers reduce the credit
exposure to these assets resulting in margin calls or reductions in borrowing availability, and
have caused massive sales of underlying assets that collateralize the loans. The consequence of
these sales has been further downward pressure on market values of the underlying assets, such as
our manufactured housing loans, despite the continued high intrinsic quality of our loans
in terms of borrower creditworthiness and low rates of delinquencies, defaults and repossessions.
Our business model depends on the availability of credit, both for the funding of newly
originated loans and for the periodic securitization of pools of loans that have been originated
and funded by short-term borrowings from warehouse lenders. The securitization process permits us
to sell bonds secured by the loans we have originated. The proceeds from the bond sales are used to
pay off the warehouse lenders and recharge the availability of funding for newly originated loans.
If warehouse funding is not available, or is available only on terms that do not permit us to
profit from loan origination, our origination of loans for our own account only can be continued at
a loss. If there is no market for securitization at rates of interest and leverage levels
acceptable to us, our only alternative for satisfying our obligations under our warehouse line is
to sell the manufactured housing loans. If purchasers are unwilling to pay at least
the full amount advanced to borrowers plus all related fees and costs, sales of loans are not
profitable for us.
As a result of these conditions:
|
|
|
Because of the unavailability of a profitable financing in the securitization market, on
March 14, 2008, we sold our portfolio of approximately $174.6 million in aggregate
principal balance of unsecuritized loans with a carrying value of $175.7 million for
approximately $155.0 million. |
|
|
|
|
We used the proceeds of the loan sale primarily to pay off the outstanding loan balance
of approximately $146.4 million on our warehouse credit facility, which expired on March
14, 2008. |
|
|
|
|
Because of the absence of a profitable exit in the securitization market and reduced
pricing in the whole loan market, we suspended originating loans for our own account until
these markets recover. We will, however, continue to provide loan origination services for
third-parties. |
|
|
|
|
Our stock price has steadily declined to a point where it is well below its tangible net
book value. As a consequence, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge, writing off our
entire goodwill of $32.3 million in December 2007. |
|
|
|
|
In February 2008, to satisfy our warehouse lender, we sold an asset-backed bond for
$22.5 million, in order to fully pay off $19.6 million of repurchase agreements secured by
this bond and three others that we continue to hold. Sale of this bond resulted in our
recording an asset impairment charge of $9.2 million in 2007. |
|
|
|
|
Our lender under our supplemental advance credit facility secured by a pledge of our
residual interests in our securitizations has agreed to extend the due date of the facility
until June 13, 2008. This facility otherwise would have expired on March 14, 2008 and we
would have been obligated to repay approximately $50 million outstanding under the
facility. |
21
|
|
|
On March 13, 2008, we decreased our work force by 16% to reduce costs that were
associated with originating loans for our own account. |
We believe that these actions were necessitated by and are a result of the market conditions
described above. We do not believe that the actions reflect on the quality of our continuing
business operations or the credit performance or long-term realizable value of our loan portfolio,
which in our opinion continues to remain very high.
Going Concern
Our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, were prepared
under the assumption that we will continue our operations as a going concern. Our registered
independent accountants in their audit report have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to
continue as a going concern. Continued operations depend on our ability to meet our existing debt
obligations. Based on the intrinsic value of our assets and discussions we have had with third
parties about possible strategic alternatives, we believe we will be able to raise the additional
funds we need on a timely basis, but such funds may not be available or may not be available on
reasonable terms.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based
upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements
requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosures. On an on-going basis, we evaluate
these estimates, including those related to reserves for credit losses, recourse liabilities,
servicing rights and retained interests in loans sold and securitized. Estimates are based on
historical experience, information received from third parties and on various other assumptions
that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, which form the basis for making
judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from
other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under conditions different from our
assumptions. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant
judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Securitizations Structured as Financings
We engage in securitizations of our manufactured housing loan receivables. We have structured
all loan securitizations occurring since 2003 as financings for accounting purposes under Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140 (SFAS 140), Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of
Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities a replacement of FASB Statement No. 125.
In the future, we intend to account for our securitizations as financings. When a loan
securitization is structured as a financing, the financed asset remains on our books along with the
recorded liability that evidences the financing, typically bonds. Income from both the loan
interest spread and the servicing fees received on the securitized loans are recorded into income
as earned. An appropriate allowance for credit losses is maintained on the loans. Deferred debt
issuance costs and discount related to the bonds are amortized on a level yield basis over the
estimated life of the bonds.
Investments
Except for debt securities acquired with evidence of deterioration of credit quality since
origination, which are accounted for as described below, we follow the provisions of Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 (SFAS 115), Accounting For Certain Investments in Debt
and Equity Securities, in reporting our investments. The investments are classified as either
available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. Investments classified as available-for sale are carried
at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses related to these investments are included in accumulated
other comprehensive income. Investments classified as held-to-maturity are carried on our balance
sheet at amortized cost. All investments are regularly measured for impairment. Management uses its
judgment to determine whether an investment has sustained an other-than-temporary decline in value.
If management determines that an investment has sustained an other-than-temporary decline in its
value, the investment is written down to its fair value by a charge to earnings, and we establish a
new cost basis for the investment. If a security that is available for sale sustains an
other-than-temporary impairment, the identified impairment is reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income to earnings, thereby establishing a new cost basis. Our evaluation of an
other-than-temporary decline is dependent on the specific facts and circumstances. Factors that we
consider in determining whether an other-than-temporary decline in value has occurred include: the
estimated fair value of the investment in relation to its cost basis; the financial condition of
the related entity; and the intent and ability to retain the investment for a sufficient period of
time to allow for recovery in the fair value of the investment.
22
Loans Receivable
Loans receivable consist of manufactured housing loans under contracts collateralized by the
borrowers manufactured houses and in some instances, related land. Generally, loans receivable are
classified as held for investment and are carried at amortized cost, except for loans purchased
with evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination, which are described below.
Periodically, we identify loans we expect to sell prior to maturity. When loans are identified to
be sold, they are reclassified as held for sale and reported at the lower of cost or market.
Included in a loans cost are unearned deferred fees and cost and the allowance for loan losses
relating to the loans held for sale. The fair value of loans classified as held for sale is based
on market prices. If market prices are not readily available, fair value is based on discounted
cash flow models, which considers expected prepayment factors and the degree of credit risk
associated with the loans and the estimated effects of changes in market interest rates relative to
the loans interest rates. We do not amortize basis adjustments, including deferred loan origination
costs, fees and discounts and premiums on loans held for sale. Interest on loans is credited to
income when earned. Loans held for investment include accrued interest and are presented net of
deferred loan origination fees and costs and an allowance for estimated loan losses. All of our
loans receivable were classified as held for investment at December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Allowance for Loan Losses
Determining an appropriate allowance for loan losses involves a significant degree of
estimation and judgment. The process of estimating the allowance for loan losses may result in
either a specific amount representing the impairment estimate or a range of possible amounts.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, provides
guidance on accounting for loan losses associated with pools of loans and requires the accrual of a
loss when it is probable that an asset has been impaired and the amount of the loss can be
reasonably estimated. Our loan portfolio is comprised of manufactured housing loans with an average
loan balance of approximately $49,000 at December 31, 2007. The allowance for loan losses is
developed at the portfolio level and the amount of the allowance is determined by establishing a
calculated range of probable losses. A lower range of probable losses is calculated by applying
historical loss rate factors to the loan portfolio on a stratified basis using current portfolio
performance and delinquency levels (0-30 days, 31-60 days, 61-90 days and greater than 90 days
delinquent). An upper range of probable losses is calculated by the extrapolation of probable loan
impairment based on the correlation of historical losses by vintage year of origination. Financial
Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 14, Reasonable Estimation of the Amount of a
Lossan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 5, states that a creditor should recognize the
amount that is the best estimate within the estimated range of loan losses. Accordingly, the
determination of an amount within the calculated range of losses is in recognition of the fact that
historical charge-off experience, without adjustment, may not be representative of current
impairment of the current portfolio of loans because of changed circumstances. Such changes may
relate to changes in the age of loans in the portfolio, changes in the creditors underwriting
standards, changes in economic conditions affecting borrowers in a geographic region, or changes in
the business climate in a particular industry.
Loan Pools and Debt Securities Acquired with Evidence of Deterioration of Credit Quality
We account for loan pools and debt securities acquired with evidence of deterioration of
credit quality at the time of acquisition in accordance with the provisions of the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position 03-3 (SOP 03-3),
Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer. The carrying values of
such purchased loan pools and debt securities were approximately $25.6 million and $3.5 million,
respectively, at December 31, 2007 and $29.6 million and $3.6 million, respectively, at December
31, 2006, and are included in loans receivable and investments held to maturity, respectively, in
the consolidated balance sheet.
We adopted the provisions of SOP 03-3 in January 2005 and apply those provisions to loan pools
and debt securities acquired after December 31, 2004. Under the provisions of SOP 03-3, each static
pool of loans and debt securities is statistically modeled to determine its projected cash flows.
We consider historical cash collections for loan pools and debt securities with similar
characteristics as well as expected prepayments and estimate the amount and timing of undiscounted
expected principal, interest and other cash flows for each pool of loans and debt security. An
internal rate of return is calculated for each static pool of receivables based on the projected
cash flows and applied to the balance of the static pool. The resulting revenue recognized is based
on the internal rate of return applied to the remaining balance of each static pool of accounts.
Each static pool is analyzed at least quarterly to assess the actual performance compared to the
expected performance. To the extent there are differences in actual
23
performance versus expected performance, the internal rate of return is adjusted prospectively
to reflect the revised estimate of cash flows over the remaining life of the static pool. Beginning
January 2005, if revised cash flow estimates are less than the original estimates, SOP 03-3
requires that the internal rate of return remain unchanged and an immediate impairment be
recognized. For loans acquired with evidence of deterioration of credit quality, if cash flow
estimates increase subsequent to recording an impairment, SOP 03-3 requires reversal of the
previously recognized impairment before any increases to the internal rate of return are made. For
any remaining increases in estimated future cash flows for loan pools or debt securities acquired
with evidence of deterioration of credit quality, we adjust the amount of accretable yield
recognized on a prospective basis over the remaining life of the loan pool or debt security.
Application of the interest method of accounting requires the use of estimates to calculate a
projected internal rate of return for each pool. These estimates are based on historical cash
collections. If future cash collections are materially different in amount or timing than projected
cash collections, earnings could be affected, either positively or negatively. Higher collection
amounts or cash collections that occur sooner than projected cash collections will have a favorable
impact on yields and revenues. Lower collection amounts or cash collections that occur later than
projected cash collections will have an unfavorable impact and result in an immediate impairment
being recognized.
Derivative Financial Instruments
We have periodically used derivative instruments, primarily interest rate swaps, in order to
mitigate interest rate risk or the variability of cash flows to be paid, related to our loans
receivable and anticipated securitizations. We follow the provisions of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 133 (SFAS 133), Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities (as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 149). All derivatives
are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. On the date a derivative contract is entered into,
we designate the derivative as a hedge of either a forecasted transaction or the variability of
cash flow to be paid (cash flow hedge). Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is
qualified, designated and highly effective as a cash flow hedge are recorded in other comprehensive
income until earnings are affected by the forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flow
and are then reported in current earnings. Any ineffectiveness is recorded in current earnings.
We formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well
as the risk-management objectives and strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction. This process
includes linking cash flow hedges to specific forecasted transactions or variability of cash flow.
We also formally assess, both at the hedges inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the
derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in
cash flow of hedged items. When it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a
hedge or that it has ceased to be a highly effective hedge, we discontinue hedge accounting
prospectively, in accordance with SFAS 133.
Derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are carried at fair
value and changes in fair value are recognized currently in earnings.
Share-Based Compensation
In connection with our formation, we adopted an equity incentive plan. We follow the
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 revised (SFAS 123(R)),
Share-Based Payment, which we adopted on January 1, 2006, using the modified-prospective
transition method, in order to account for our equity incentive plan. In connection with the
adoption of SFAS 123(R), we recorded a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle in the
amount of $46,000 to reflect the change in accounting for forfeitures. Results for prior periods
have not been restated. SFAS 123(R) addresses the accounting for share-based payment transactions
in which an enterprise receives employee services in exchange for (a) equity instruments of the
enterprise or (b) liabilities that are based on the fair value of the enterprises equity
instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such equity instruments. Under this
pronouncement, all forms of share-based payments to employees, including employee stock options,
are treated the same as other forms of compensation by recognizing the related cost in the income
statement. The expense of the award would generally be measured at fair value at the grant date.
The fair value of
24
each option granted would be determined using a binomial option-pricing model based on assumptions
related to annualized dividend yield, stock price volatility, risk free rate of return and expected
average term. Prior to January 1, 2006, as permitted under the provisions of SFAS No. 123,
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as amended, we chose to recognize compensation expense
using the intrinsic value-based method of valuing stock options prescribed in APB No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees and related interpretations. Under the intrinsic
value-based method, compensation cost is measured as the amount by which the quoted market price of
our common stock at the date of grant exceeds the stock option exercise price. All options we
granted prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R) were granted at a fixed price not less than the market
value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant and, therefore, were not included in
compensation expense, prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R).
Goodwill Impairment
As a result of the acquisition of Origen Financial L.L.C., our predecessor company, on October
8, 2003, which was accounted for as a purchase, we recorded the net assets acquired at fair value,
which resulted in recording goodwill of $32.3 million.
In accordance with SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, we test goodwill for
impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if we believe indicators of
impairment exist. For purposes of testing goodwill impairment, we have determined that with respect
to our recorded goodwill, we are a single reporting unit. The performance of the impairment test
involves a two-step process. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing our fair
value with our aggregate carrying value, including goodwill. The initial and ongoing estimate of
our fair value is based on assumptions and projections prepared by us. If our carrying amount
exceeds our fair value, we perform the second step of the goodwill impairment test in order to
determine the amount of impairment loss. The second step of the goodwill impairment test involves
comparing the implied fair value of the goodwill with the carrying value of that goodwill.
We performed our annual impairment test of goodwill on December 31, 2007, based on conditions
as of December 31, 2007, in accordance with SFAS 142, and determined that our recorded goodwill was
fully impaired. The impairment was due to current market and economic conditions which have
resulted in a further and extended decline in the quoted market price of our equity securities
below tangible book value. As a result, we recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $32.3
million during the year ended December 31, 2007. No impairment was recorded during the years ended
December 31, 2006 or 2005.
Income Taxes
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT as defined under Section 856(c)(1) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). In order for us to qualify as a REIT, at least
ninety-five percent (95%) of our gross income in any year must be derived from qualifying sources.
In addition, a REIT must distribute at least ninety percent (90%) of its REIT taxable net income to
its stockholders.
Qualification as a REIT involves the satisfaction of numerous requirements (some on an annual
and quarterly basis) established under highly technical and complex Code provisions for which there
are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations, and involves the determination of
various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. In addition, frequent
changes occur in the area of REIT taxation, which requires us to continually monitor our tax
status.
We continuously monitor our compliance with the requirements for qualification as a REIT, and
we believe that we met such requirements for the taxable year ended December, 31, 2007. However,
there is no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service will not decide differently.
As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes at the corporate
level on the ordinary taxable income we distribute to our stockholders as dividends. If we fail to
qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, our taxable income will be subject to U.S. federal income
tax at regular corporate rates (including any applicable alternative minimum tax). Even if we
qualify as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local income taxes
25
and to U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed taxable income. In addition,
taxable income from non-REIT activities managed through taxable REIT subsidiaries, if any, is
subject to federal and state income taxes. An income tax allocation is required to be estimated on
our taxable income generated by our taxable REIT subsidiaries. Deferred tax components arise based
upon temporary differences between the book and tax basis of items such as the allowance for loan
losses, accumulated depreciation, share-based compensation and goodwill.
Financial Condition
December 31, 2007 Compared to December 31, 2006
At December 31, 2007 and 2006 we held loans representing approximately $1,196.0 million and
$956.6 million of principal balances, respectively. Net loans outstanding constituted approximately
93% and 88% of our total assets at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Approximately $325.5
million of the loans on our balance sheet at December 31, 2007 were included in either our May 2007
or our October 2007 securitization, and will continue to be carried on our balance sheet as the
securitization transactions were structured as financings.
In May 2007 we completed our 2007-A securitization of approximately $200.4 million in
principal balance of manufactured housing loans.
In October 2007 we completed our 2007-B securitization of approximately $140.0 million in
principal balance of manufactured housing loans.
New loan originations for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased 21.9% to $344.6 million
compared to $282.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. We additionally processed $111.6
million and $49.6 million in loans originated under third-party origination agreements for the
years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The carrying amount of loans receivable consisted of the following at December 31 (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Manufactured housing loans held for investment, securitized |
|
$ |
1,051,015 |
|
|
$ |
825,811 |
|
Manufactured housing loans held for investment, unsecuritized |
|
|
144,926 |
|
|
|
130,828 |
|
Accrued interest receivable |
|
|
5,608 |
|
|
|
4,840 |
|
Deferred loan origination costs |
|
|
5,612 |
|
|
|
1,271 |
|
Discount on purchased loans |
|
|
(4,450 |
) |
|
|
(3,155 |
) |
Allowance for purchased loans |
|
|
(913 |
) |
|
|
(913 |
) |
Allowance for loan losses |
|
|
(7,882 |
) |
|
|
(8,456 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,193,916 |
|
|
$ |
950,226 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table sets forth the average individual loan balance, weighted average loan
yield, and weighted average initial term at December 31 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Number of loans receivable |
|
|
24,416 |
|
|
|
20,300 |
|
Average loan balance |
|
$ |
49 |
|
|
$ |
47 |
|
Weighted average loan coupon (1) |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
|
|
9.50 |
% |
Weighted average initial term |
|
20 years |
|
20 years |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The weighted average loan coupon includes an imbedded servicing fee rate resulting from
securitization or sale of the loan, but accounted for as a financing. |
26
Delinquency statistics for the loan receivable portfolio at December 31 are as follows
(dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
|
No. of |
|
Principal |
|
% of |
|
No. of |
|
Principal |
|
% of |
Days delinquent |
|
Loans |
|
Balance |
|
Portfolio |
|
Loans |
|
Balance |
|
Portfolio |
31 60 |
|
|
268 |
|
|
$ |
9,451 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
% |
|
|
248 |
|
|
$ |
9,354 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
% |
61 90 |
|
|
84 |
|
|
|
3,496 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
% |
|
|
86 |
|
|
|
3,159 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
% |
Greater than 90 |
|
|
170 |
|
|
|
7,484 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
% |
|
|
131 |
|
|
|
5,416 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
% |
We define non-performing loans as those loans that are 90 or more days delinquent in
contractual principal payments. The average balance of non-performing loans was $5.8 million for
the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to $5.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Non-performing loans as a percentage of average outstanding principal balance were 0.7% for the
year ended December 31, 2007 compared to 0.6% for the year ended December 31, 2006.
At December 31, 2007 we held 202 repossessed houses owned by us compared to 145 houses at
December 31, 2006, an increase of 57 houses, or 39.3%. The book value of these houses, including
repossession expenses, based on the lower of cost or market value, was approximately $5.0 million
at December 31, 2007 compared to $3.0 million at December 31, 2006, an increase of $2.0 million, or
66.7%. This increase is the result of a change from selling the repossessed houses in the retail
market as opposed to the wholesale market. As a result, we expect to realize increased recovery
rates and longer sale periods.
The allowance for loan losses decreased $0.6 million to $7.9 million at December 31, 2007 from
$8.5 million at December 31, 2006. Despite the 26.7% increase in the gross loans receivable
balance, net of loans accounted for under SOP 03-3 the allowance for loan losses decreased 7.1% due
to consistently lower delinquency and net charge-off rates. The allowance for loan losses as a
percentage of gross loans receivable, net of loans accounted for under SOP 03-3, was approximately
0.7% at December 31, 2007 compared to approximately 0.9% at December 31, 2006. Net charge-offs
were $9.3 million, or 0.9% of the average outstanding loans receivable balance, and $8.6 million,
or 1.0% of the average outstanding loans receivable balance, for the years ended December 31, 2007
and 2006, respectively.
Changes to our underwriting practices and processes, credit scoring models, systems and
servicing techniques beginning in 2002 have resulted in demonstrably superior performance by loans
originated in and subsequent to 2002 as compared to loans originated by our predecessors prior to
2002. The pre-2002 loans, despite representing a diminishing percentage of our owned loan
portfolio, have had a disproportionate negative impact on our financial performance.
27
The following tables indicate the impact of such legacy loans:
Loan Pool Unpaid Principal Balance (dollars in thousands) (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002 and |
|
|
2001 and prior |
|
subsequent |
At December 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollars |
|
$ |
40,214 |
|
|
$ |
1,164,524 |
|
Percentage of total |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
|
|
96.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At December 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollars |
|
$ |
46,612 |
|
|
$ |
915,329 |
|
Percentage of total |
|
|
4.8 |
% |
|
|
95.2 |
% |
Static Pool Performance (dollars in thousands) (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002 and |
|
|
2001 and prior |
|
subsequent |
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollars defaulted |
|
$ |
3,949 |
|
|
$ |
15,417 |
|
Net losses |
|
$ |
2,333 |
|
|
$ |
5,902 |
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollars defaulted |
|
$ |
5,382 |
|
|
$ |
13,216 |
|
Net losses |
|
$ |
3,977 |
|
|
$ |
7,042 |
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollars defaulted |
|
$ |
8,752 |
|
|
$ |
12,272 |
|
Net losses |
|
$ |
6,707 |
|
|
$ |
5,312 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes owned portfolio, repossessed inventory and loans sold with recourse. |
While representing approximately 3% of the owned loan portfolio at December 31, 2007, the
pre-2002 loans accounted for approximately 20% of the defaults and 28% of the losses during 2007.
Additionally, recovery rates were substantially lower for the pre-2002 loans leading to higher
losses as compared to loans from 2002 and later. Management believes that as these loans become a
smaller percentage of the owned loan portfolio, the negative impact on earnings will diminish.
Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Origen Servicing, Inc., we provide loan servicing for
manufactured housing loans that we and our predecessors have originated or purchased, and for loans
originated by third parties. As of December 31, 2007, we serviced approximately $1.8 billion of
loans, including approximately $599.1 million of loans serviced for others, as compared to
approximately $1.6 billion of loans, including approximately $647.2 million of loans serviced for
others, as of December 31, 2006. Included in the loans serviced for others were $113.6 million and
$127.9 million of loans as of December 31, 2007, and 2006, respectively, which we or our
predecessors originated and subsequently sold in two pre-2003 securitization transactions. As part
of our contractual services, certain of our servicing contracts require us to advance uncollected
principal and interest payments at a prescribed cut-off date each month to an appointed trustee on
behalf of the investors in the loans. We are reimbursed by the trust in the event such delinquent
principal and interest payments remain uncollected during the next reporting period. Also, as part
of the servicing function, in order to protect the value of the housing asset underlying the loan,
we are required to advance certain expenses such as taxes, insurance costs and costs related to the
foreclosure or repossession process as necessary. Such expenditures are reported to the appropriate
trustee for reimbursement. At December 31, 2007, we had servicing advances outstanding of
approximately $6.3 million compared to $7.7 million at December 31, 2006, a decrease of 18.2%.
As a result of the acquisition of Origen Financial L.L.C., our predecessor company, on October
8, 2003, which was accounted for as a purchase, we recorded the net assets acquired at fair value,
which resulted in recording goodwill of $32.3 million. We performed our annual impairment test of
goodwill on December 31, 2007, based on conditions as of December 31, 2007, in accordance with SFAS
142, and determined that our recorded goodwill was fully impaired. The impairment was due to
current market and economic conditions which have resulted in a further and extended decline in the
quoted market price of the Companys equity securities below tangible book value. As a result, we
recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $32.3 million during the year ended December 31,
2007.
28
Bonds outstanding, relating to securitized financings utilizing asset-backed structures,
totaled $884.7 million and $685.0 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. These bonds
relate to seven securitized transactions: Origen 2004-A, issued in February 2004, Origen 2004-B,
issued in September 2004, Origen 2005-A, issued in May 2005, Origen 2005-B, issued in December
2005, Origen 2006-A, issued in August 2006, Origen 2007-A, issued in May 2007 and Origen 2007-B,
issued in October 2007. Bonds outstanding for each securitized transaction were as follows at
December 31 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Original |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Origen 2004 A |
|
$ |
200,000 |
|
|
$ |
95,753 |
|
|
$ |
113,408 |
|
Origen 2004 B |
|
|
169,000 |
|
|
|
96,290 |
|
|
|
114,443 |
|
Origen 2005 A |
|
|
165,300 |
|
|
|
108,318 |
|
|
|
128,668 |
|
Origen 2005 B |
|
|
156,187 |
|
|
|
118,464 |
|
|
|
137,454 |
|
Origen 2006 A |
|
|
200,646 |
|
|
|
169,398 |
|
|
|
191,040 |
|
Origen 2007 A |
|
|
184,389 |
|
|
|
171,588 |
|
|
|
|
|
Origen 2007 B |
|
|
126,700 |
|
|
|
124,839 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,202,222 |
|
|
$ |
884,650 |
|
|
$ |
685,013 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At December 31, 2007 our total borrowings under our warehouse financing facility with
Citigroup were $173.1 million compared to $131.5 million at December 31, 2006. We used the
Citigroup facility to fund loans we originated or purchased until such time as they could be
included in one of our securitization transactions. We used the proceeds of our May 2007 and
October 2007 securitizations to reduce borrowings outstanding on the Citigroup facility.
We previously had a revolving credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Under the terms
of the facility, which was terminated by us in September 2007, we could borrow up to $4.0 million
for the purpose of funding required principal and interest advances on manufactured housing loans
that are serviced for outside investors. Borrowings under the facility were repaid upon our
collection of monthly payments made by borrowers on such manufactured housing loans. All liens were
released as of the termination of the facility. The outstanding balance on the facility was
approximately $2.2 million at December 31, 2006.
Stockholders equity was $148.4 million and $204.5 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. We had net losses of $31.8 million, including a non-cash goodwill impairment charge
of $32.3 million and an investment impairment charge of $9.2 million, other comprehensive losses of
$19.4 million and declared and paid distributions of $7.0 million during the year ended December
31, 2007.
Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006
Loan originations increased $61.9 million, or 21.9% to $344.6 million from $282.7 million for
the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We additionally processed $111.6 million
and $49.6 million in loans originated under third party origination agreements during the years
ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Chattel loans comprised approximately 87% and 91%
of loans originated during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The other
loans originated, in each year, were land-home loans, which represent manufactured housing loans
that are additionally collateralized by real estate.
Interest income on loans increased $17.4 million, from $69.7 million to $87.1 million, or
25.0%. This increase in interest income resulted primarily from an increase in the average
outstanding balance of manufactured housing loan receivables of $226.4 million from $851.8 million
to $1,078.2 million, or 26.6%. The increase in the average receivable balance was partially offset
by a decrease in the average yield on the portfolio from 8.2% to 8.1%. The decrease in the yield on
the portfolio was due to competitive conditions resulting in lower interest rates on new
originations and a continuing positive change in the credit quality of the loan portfolio.
Generally, higher credit quality loans will carry a lower interest rate.
Interest income on other interest earning assets increased from $4.6 million to $5.0 million.
The increase was primarily the result of an increase in the average balance of interest earning
assets other than manufactured housing loans and investment securities from $16.6 million to
$22.2 million.
29
Interest expense increased $16.3 million, or 37.5%, to $59.8 million from $43.5 million. The
majority of our interest expense relates to interest on our loan funding facilities. Average debt
outstanding increased $228.8 million to $981.2 million compared to $752.4 million, or 30.4%. The
average interest rate on total debt outstanding increased from 5.8% to 6.1%.
The following table presents information relative to the average balances and interest rates
of our interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities for the years ended December 31
(dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yield/ |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yield/ |
|
|
|
Balance |
|
|
Interest |
|
|
Rate |
|
|
Balance |
|
|
Interest |
|
|
Rate |
|
Interest earning assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manufactured housing loans (1) |
|
$ |
1,078,174 |
|
|
$ |
87,114 |
|
|
|
8.08 |
% |
|
$ |
851,758 |
|
|
$ |
69,702 |
|
|
|
8.18 |
% |
Investment securities |
|
|
41,228 |
|
|
|
3,804 |
|
|
|
9.23 |
% |
|
|
41,291 |
|
|
|
3,750 |
|
|
|
9.08 |
% |
Other interest earning assets |
|
|
22,212 |
|
|
|
1,209 |
|
|
|
5.44 |
% |
|
|
16,609 |
|
|
|
843 |
|
|
|
5.08 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,141,614 |
|
|
$ |
92,127 |
|
|
|
8.07 |
% |
|
$ |
909,658 |
|
|
$ |
74,295 |
|
|
|
8.17 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest bearing liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loan funding facilities(2) |
|
$ |
955,807 |
|
|
$ |
57,899 |
|
|
|
6.06 |
% |
|
$ |
728,331 |
|
|
$ |
42,058 |
|
|
|
5.77 |
% |
Repurchase agreements |
|
|
20,811 |
|
|
|
1,270 |
|
|
|
6.10 |
% |
|
|
23,582 |
|
|
|
1,398 |
|
|
|
5.93 |
% |
Other interest bearing liabilities (3) |
|
|
4,562 |
|
|
|
589 |
|
|
|
12.91 |
% |
|
|
447 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
9.40 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
981,180 |
|
|
$ |
59,758 |
|
|
|
6.09 |
% |
|
$ |
752,360 |
|
|
$ |
43,498 |
|
|
|
5.78 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income and interest rate spread |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
32,369 |
|
|
|
1.98 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
30,797 |
|
|
|
2.39 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net yield on average interest earning assets (4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.84 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.39 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Net of loan servicing fees. |
|
(2) |
|
Includes facility fees. |
|
(3) |
|
Includes non-use fees and the amortization of the fair value of the related stock purchase
warrant. |
|
(4) |
|
Amount is calculated as net interest income divided by total average interest earning assets. |
The following table sets forth the changes in the components of net interest income for the
year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the year ended December 31, 2006 (in thousands). The
changes in net interest income between periods have been reflected as attributable to either volume
or rate changes. For the purposes of this table, changes that are not solely due to volume or rate
changes are allocated to rate.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Volume |
|
|
Rate |
|
|
Total |
|
Interest earning assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manufactured housing loans |
|
$ |
18,528 |
|
|
$ |
(1,116 |
) |
|
$ |
17,412 |
|
Investment securities |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
54 |
|
Other interest earning assets |
|
|
284 |
|
|
|
82 |
|
|
|
366 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest income |
|
$ |
18,806 |
|
|
$ |
(974 |
) |
|
$ |
17,832 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest bearing liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loan funding facilities |
|
$ |
13,136 |
|
|
$ |
2,705 |
|
|
$ |
15,841 |
|
Repurchase agreements |
|
|
(164 |
) |
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
(128 |
) |
Other interest bearing liabilities |
|
|
387 |
|
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
547 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest expense |
|
$ |
13,359 |
|
|
$ |
2,901 |
|
|
$ |
16,260 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in net interest income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,572 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly provisions are made to the allowance for general loan losses in order to maintain a
level that is adequate to absorb inherent losses in the manufactured housing loan portfolio. The
level of the allowance is based principally on the outstanding balance of the contracts held on our
balance sheet, current loan delinquencies and historical trends. The provision for loan losses
increased 22.5% to $8.7 million from $7.1 million. The provision for loan losses for the year ended
December 31, 2006 was reduced by approximately $1.6 million as a result of a reduction in the
portion of the allowance for loan losses initially established for estimated losses related to the
effects of Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita. No such reduction was recorded during the year
ended December 31, 2007. Net charge-offs were $9.3 million, or 0.9% of the average outstanding
loans receivable balance, and $8.6 million, or 1.0% of the average outstanding loans receivable
balance, for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
An impairment of $0.5 million in the carrying value of a previously purchased loan pool was
recognized during
30
the year ended December 31, 2006, as a result of changes in projected cash flows. No such
impairment was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2007.
Non-interest income for the year ended December 31, 2007 totaled $22.0 million as compared to
$17.8 million for 2006, an increase of $4.2 million, or 23.6%. The primary components of
non-interest income are fees and other income from loan servicing and insurance operations. The
increase in non-interest income is primarily due to the increase in the average serviced loan
portfolio on which servicing fees are collected from $1.6 billion to $1.7 billion, as well as an
increase of $0.6 million in third-party origination income and an increase of $0.2 million in
insurance commissions.
Total non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007, including a non-cash goodwill
impairment charge of $32.3 million and an investment impairment charge of $9.2 million, was $77.4
million as compared to $34.1 million for 2006. Following is a discussion of the increase of $43.3
million, or 127.0%.
Personnel expenses increased approximately $0.6 million, or 2.5%, to $24.4 million compared to
$23.8 million. The increase is primarily the result of a $0.6 million increase in salaries and
bonuses.
Loan origination and servicing expenses increased approximately $0.4 million, or 25.0%, to
$2.0 million compared to $1.6 million. The increase is primarily attributable to increases in
repossession expenses.
As a result of the acquisition of Origen Financial L.L.C., our predecessor company, on October
8, 2003, which was accounted for as a purchase, we recorded the net assets acquired at fair value,
which resulted in recording goodwill of $32.3 million. We performed our annual impairment test of
goodwill on December 31, 2007, based on conditions as of December 31, 2007, in accordance with SFAS
142, and determined that our recorded goodwill was fully impaired. The impairment was due to
current market and economic conditions which have resulted in a further and extended decline in the
quoted market price of the Companys equity securities below tangible book value. As a result, we
recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $32.3 million during the year ended December 31,
2007. No impairment was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2006.
In December 2007, we transferred an investment with a $31.8 million carrying value from
investments held-to-maturity to investments available-for-sale. At the time of this transfer we
recognized an other-than-temporary impairment of $9.2 million in order to record the investment at
fair value upon completion of the transfer (See Note 3 Investments, Note 11 Debt and Note
21 Subsequent Events under Item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for further
discussion).
As a national loan originator and servicer of manufactured housing loans, we are required to
be licensed in all states in which we conduct business. Accordingly, we are subject to taxation by
the states in which we conduct business. Depending on the individual state, taxes may be based on
proportioned revenue, net income, capital base or asset base. During both of the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006, we incurred state taxes of $0.3 million.
Other operating expenses, which consist of occupancy and equipment, professional fees, travel
and entertainment and miscellaneous expenses increased $0.9 million, or 10.8%, from $8.3 million to
$9.2 million. Professional fees increased by $0.4 million, or 25.0% from $1.6 million to $2.0
million. Occupancy and equipment, office expense and telephone expense was $5.0 million during both
2007 and 2006. Travel and entertainment expense increased $0.5 million, or 35.7%, from $1.4 million
to $1.9 million. Miscellaneous expenses were $0.3 million during both of the years ended December
31, 2007 and 2006.
Income tax expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 were approximately $60,000
and $24,000, respectively.
Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005
Loan originations increased $14.7 million, or 5.5% to $282.7 million from $268.0 million for
the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We additionally processed $49.6 million
and $32.0 million in loans originated under third party origination agreements during the years
ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Chattel loans comprised approximately 91% and 97%
of loans originated during the years ended
31
December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The other loans originated, in each year, were
land-home loans, which represent manufactured housing loans that are additionally collateralized by
real estate.
Interest income on loans increased $14.5 million, from $55.2 million to $69.7 million, or
26.3%. This increase in interest income resulted primarily from an increase in the average
outstanding balance of manufactured housing loan receivables of $184.7 million from $667.1 million
to $851.8 million, or 27.7%. The increase in the average receivable balance was partially offset by
a decrease in the average yield on the portfolio from 8.3% to 8.2%. The decrease in the yield on
the portfolio was due to competitive conditions resulting in lower interest rates on new
originations and a continuing positive change in the credit quality of the loan portfolio.
Generally, higher credit quality loans will carry a lower interest rate.
Interest income on other interest earning assets increased from $4.2 million to $4.6 million.
The increase was primarily the result of an increase in the average yield on interest earning
assets other than manufactured housing loans and investment securities from 2.9% to 5.1%.
Interest expense increased $15.0 million, or 52.6%, to $43.5 million from $28.5 million. The
majority of our interest expense relates to interest on our loan funding facilities. Average debt
outstanding increased $184.9 million to $752.4 million compared to $567.5 million, or 32.6%. The
average interest rate on total debt outstanding increased from 5.0% to 5.8%. The higher average
interest rate for the year ended December 31, 2006 was primarily due to increases in the base LIBOR
rate.
The following table presents information relative to the average balances and interest rates
of our interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities for the years ended December 31
(dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yield/ |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yield/ |
|
|
|
Balance |
|
|
Interest |
|
|
Rate |
|
|
Balance |
|
|
Interest |
|
|
Rate |
|
Interest earning assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manufactured housing loans (1) |
|
$ |
851,758 |
|
|
$ |
69,702 |
|
|
|
8.18 |
% |
|
$ |
667,089 |
|
|
$ |
55,164 |
|
|
|
8.27 |
% |
Investment securities |
|
|
41,291 |
|
|
|
3,750 |
|
|
|
9.08 |
% |
|
|
40,442 |
|
|
|
3,761 |
|
|
|
9.30 |
% |
Other interest earning assets |
|
|
16,609 |
|
|
|
843 |
|
|
|
5.08 |
% |
|
|
16,029 |
|
|
|
466 |
|
|
|
2.91 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
909,658 |
|
|
$ |
74,295 |
|
|
|
8.17 |
% |
|
$ |
723,560 |
|
|
$ |
59,391 |
|
|
|
8.21 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest bearing liabilities (2): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loan funding facilities |
|
$ |
728,331 |
|
|
$ |
42,058 |
|
|
|
5.77 |
% |
|
$ |
544,002 |
|
|
$ |
27,465 |
|
|
|
5.05 |
% |
Repurchase agreements |
|
|
23,582 |
|
|
|
1,398 |
|
|
|
5.93 |
% |
|
|
22,793 |
|
|
|
950 |
|
|
|
4.17 |
% |
Other interest bearing liabilities (4) |
|
|
447 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
9.40 |
% |
|
|
710 |
|
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
7.46 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
752,360 |
|
|
$ |
43,498 |
|
|
|
5.78 |
% |
|
$ |
567,505 |
|
|
$ |
28,468 |
|
|
|
5.02 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income and interest rate spread |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
30,797 |
|
|
|
2.39 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
30,923 |
|
|
|
3.19 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net yield on average interest earning assets (4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.39 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.27 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Net of loan servicing fees. |
|
(2) |
|
Includes facility fees. |
|
(3) |
|
Includes non-use fees. |
|
(4) |
|
Amount is calculated as net interest income divided by total average interest earning assets. |
32
The following table sets forth the changes in the components of net interest income for the
year ended December 31, 2006 compared to the year ended December 31, 2005 (in thousands). The
changes in net interest income between periods have been reflected as attributable to either volume
or rate changes. For the purposes of this table, changes that are not solely due to volume or rate
changes are allocated to rate.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Volume |
|
|
Rate |
|
|
Total |
|
Interest earning assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manufactured housing loans |
|
$ |
15,271 |
|
|
$ |
(733 |
) |
|
$ |
14,538 |
|
Investment securities |
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
(90 |
) |
|
|
(11 |
) |
Other interest earning assets |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
360 |
|
|
|
377 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest income |
|
$ |
15,367 |
|
|
$ |
(463 |
) |
|
$ |
14,904 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest bearing liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loan funding facilities |
|
$ |
9,306 |
|
|
$ |
5,287 |
|
|
$ |
14,593 |
|
Repurchase agreements |
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
415 |
|
|
|
448 |
|
Other interest bearing liabilities |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest expense |
|
$ |
9,319 |
|
|
$ |
5,711 |
|
|
$ |
15,030 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in net interest income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(126 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly provisions are made to the allowance for general loan losses in order to maintain a
level that is adequate to absorb inherent losses in the manufactured housing loan portfolio. The
provision for loan losses decreased 44.1% to $7.1 million from $12.7 million. The provision for the
year ended December 31, 2005 included approximately $3.5 million related to the effects of
Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita and approximately $0.8 million of losses related to the
charge-off of loans repurchased from Vanderbilt Mortgage and Finance, Inc. (Vanderbilt) under a
previous repurchase agreement. Net charge-offs were $8.6 million for the year ended December 31,
2006 compared to $10.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. As a percentage of average
outstanding principal balance total net charge-offs decreased to 1.0% compared to 1.5%.
An impairment of $0.5 million and $0.4 million in the carrying value of a previously purchased
loan pool was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, as a
result of changes in projected cash flows.
Non-interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006 totaled $17.8 million as compared to
$14.7 million for 2005, an increase of 21.1%. The primary components of non-interest income are
fees and other income from loan servicing and insurance operations. The increase in non-interest
income is primarily due to the increase in the average serviced loan portfolio on which servicing
fees are collected from $1,441.5 million to $1,555.0 million.
Total non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $34.1 million as compared
to $35.1 million for 2005. Following is a discussion of the decrease of $1.0 million, or 2.8%.
Personnel expenses increased approximately $1.2 million, or 5.3%, to $23.8 million compared to
$22.6 million. The increase is primarily the result of a $0.9 million increase in salaries and
temporary office staffing expenses, a $0.9 million increase in annual performance bonuses and
incentives and a $0.2 million increase in health insurance expenses, offset by a decrease of $0.8
million in share-based compensation expenses.
Loan origination and servicing expenses amounted to approximately $1.6 million for both the
year ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
Write-down of residual interest decreased from $0.7 million to zero. Securitized loan
transactions completed during years 2002 and 2001 were structured as loan sales for accounting
purposes. As a result, our predecessor companies recorded an asset representing their residual
interests in the loans at the time of sale, based on the discounted values of the projected cash
flows over the expected life of the loans sold. During the year ended December 31, 2005, we
wrote-off our remaining $0.7 million residual interest in the 2002-A securitization as a result of
the effects of Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita. Since 2002, neither we nor our predecessor has
structured a securitization transaction as a sale for accounting purposes, nor is it our intention
to do so in the future. There were no write-downs of residual interests during the year ended
December 31, 2006. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005 we had no retained interests in loan
securitizations remaining on our consolidated balance sheet.
33
During the year ended December 31, 2005 we incurred a loss of $0.8 million as a result of our
buy-out of our recourse obligation with Vanderbilt.
As a national loan originator and servicer of manufactured housing loans, we are required to
be licensed in all states in which we conduct business. Accordingly, we are subject to taxation by
the states in which we conduct business. Depending on the individual state, taxes may be based on
proportioned revenue, net income, capital base or asset base. During the year ended December 31,
2006 we incurred state taxes of $0.3 million as compared to $0.4 million during the year ended
December 31, 2005.
Other operating expenses, which consist of occupancy and equipment, professional fees, travel
and entertainment and miscellaneous expenses decreased $0.6 million, or 6.7%, from $8.9 million to
$8.3 million. Professional fees decreased by $0.3 million, or 15.8% from $1.9 million to $1.6
million. Occupancy and equipment, office expense and telephone expense increased a total of $0.5
million, or 11.1%, from $4.5 million to $5.0 million. Travel and entertainment expense was $1.4
million during both 2006 and 2005. Miscellaneous expenses were $0.3 million and $1.1 million during
the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Income tax expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 were approximately $24,000. There
were no income tax expenses for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
During the third and fourth quarters of 2007 the capital markets encountered unprecedented
disruption as a result of difficulties in the sub-prime mortgage market. While we are not
participants in that market, we nonetheless were negatively affected by the unsettled market
conditions. Spreads widened across all spectrums of the asset-backed securities market and
providers of warehouse lending facilities and other forms of operating capital severely tightened
conditions and applied significantly more conservative market value determinations on the
collateral underlying existing loan programs. The issuance of $15 million of senior secured
promissory notes during the third quarter, as described more fully below and elsewhere in this Form
10-K, temporarily enhanced our liquidity position. However, as described above under
Developments Based on Current Adverse Market Conditions, market conditions have had a severe
adverse effect on our liquidity and capital resources. Accordingly, among other actions, we have
suspended originating loans for our own account until these markets recover, we sold our portfolio
of unsecuritized loans at a loss and our warehouse credit facility has expired.
We require capital to meet our existing debt obligations, and to fund our loan servicing and
other operations. At December 31, 2007 we had approximately $10.8 million in available cash and
cash equivalents. As a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income
(as defined in the Internal Revenue Code) to our stockholders on an annual basis. Therefore, as a
general matter, it is unlikely we will have any substantial cash balances that could be used to
meet our liquidity needs. Instead, these needs must be met from cash provided from operations and
external sources of capital. Historically, we have satisfied our liquidity needs through cash
generated from operations, sales of our common and preferred stock, borrowings on our credit
facilities and securitizations. Given that we have ceased originating loans for our own account,
our business has become less capital intensive, and we believe that cash provided from operations
will be sufficient to fund our ongoing business.
Cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2007, totaled $23.1
million versus $16.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. Cash used in investing
activities was $254.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 versus $193.3 million for the
year ended December 31, 2006. Cash used to originate and purchase loans increased 27.7%, or $79.9
million, to $368.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to $288.4 million for the
year ended December 31, 2006. Principal collections on loans totaled $104.2 million for the year
ended December 31, 2007 as compared to $86.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an
increase of $17.6 million, or 20.3%. The increase in collections is primarily related to the
increase in the average outstanding loan portfolio balance, which was $1,078.2 million for the year
ended December 31, 2007 compared to $851.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, in
addition to improved credit quality and decreased delinquency as a percentage of the outstanding
loan receivable balances.
The primary sources of cash during the year ended December 31, 2007 were our 2007-A and 2007-B
securitized financing transactions completed in May 2007 and October 2007, respectively. In our
2007-A securitization we
34
securitized approximately $200.4 million in principal balance of manufactured housing loans,
which was funded by issuing bonds of approximately $184.4 million. Approximately $182.4 million of
proceeds was used to reduce the aggregate balance of notes outstanding under our Citigroup
warehouse financing facility. In our 2007-B securitization we securitized approximately $140.0
million in principal balance of manufactured housing loans, which was funded by issuing bonds of
approximately $126.7 million. Approximately $122.4 million of proceeds was used to reduce the
aggregate balance of notes outstanding under our Citigroup warehouse financing facility.
Access to the securitization market has historically been important to our business. We used
the proceeds from successful securitization transactions to pay down our other short-term credit
facilities giving us renewed borrowing capacity to fund new loan originations. Despite the fact
that securities issued by us since 2002 have continued to perform well, due to current market
conditions, we have not utilized the securitization market since October 2007. In addition, our
credit facility used to originate loans for our own account expired and was not renewed by our
lender, we were unable to secure replacement financing on acceptable terms, and so we have ceased
originating loans for our own account. As we do not currently intend to originate new loans for
our own account, we do not anticipate additional securitization transactions. During March 2008,
due to our inability to access the securitization market on favorable terms, we sold our
unsecuritized whole loan portfolio, for an amount below par value, in order to meet our obligations
to Citigroup under our warehouse financing which had matured.
Our short-term securitization facility used for warehouse financing with Citigroup matured in
March 2008. Under the terms of the agreement, originally entered into in March 2003 and amended
periodically, most recently in August 2007, we pledged loans as collateral and in turn were
advanced funds. The facility had a maximum advance amount of $200 million at an annual interest
rate equal to LIBOR plus a spread. The outstanding balance on the facility was approximately $173.1
million and $131.5 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Additionally, the facility
includes a $55 million supplemental advance amount collateralized by our residual interests in our
2004-A, 2004-B, 2005-A, 2005-B, 2006-A, 2007-A and 2007-B securitizations. The supplemental
advance facility expired in March 2008 and has been extended until June 13, 2008. As of March 14,
2008, we had $46 million outstanding under our supplemental advance facility. We are seeking
alternative means to satisfy our obligations under this facility, which may include cash from
operations, asset sales, re-financing arrangements, and issuances of convertible debt or equity.
On September 11, 2007, we, through our primary operating subsidiary, Origen Financial L.L.C.,
entered into the Bridge Financing (see Item 7 Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations Overview). The Bridge Financing had an aggregate
outstanding balance of $14.6 million at December 31, 2007. Proceeds from the Bridge Financing were
used for general corporate purposes and to provide working capital. The Bridge Financing is due on
September 11, 2008. We are seeking alternative means to satisfy our obligations under the Bridge
Financing, which may include cash from operations, asset sales, re-financing arrangements, and
issuances of convertible debt or equity.
Our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, were prepared
under the assumption that we will continue our operations as a going concern. Our registered
independent accountants in their audit report have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to
continue as a going concern. Continued operations are dependent on our ability to meet our existing
debt obligations and the financing or other capital required to do so may not be available or may
not be available on reasonable terms. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that
may result from the outcome of this uncertainty. If we cannot continue as a viable entity, our
stockholders may lose some or all of their investment in the company.
In September 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission declared effective our shelf
registration statement on Form S-3 for the proposed offering, from time to time, of up to $200
million of our common stock, preferred stock and debt securities. In addition to such debt
securities, preferred stock and other common stock we may sell under the registration statement
from time to time, we have registered for sale 1,540,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to a
sales agreement that we have entered into with Brinson Patrick Securities Corporation. Sales under
the agreement commenced on June 5, 2007. We sold 50,063 shares of common stock under the sales
agreement with Brinson Patrick Securities Corporation during the year ended December 31, 2007, at
the price of our common stock prevailing at the time of each sale. We received proceeds, net of
commissions, of $296,000 during the year ended December 31, 2007, as a result of these sales.
35
In addition to borrowings under our credit facilities and issuances of securitized notes, we
have fixed contractual obligations under various lease agreements. Our contractual obligations were
comprised of the following as of December 31, 2007 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than |
|
|
1 - 3 |
|
|
4 - 5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
1 year |
|
|
years |
|
|
years |
|
|
Thereafter |
|
Notes payable Citigroup (1) |
|
$ |
173,072 |
|
|
$ |
129,804 |
|
|
$ |
43,268 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Notes payable 2004-A securitization (2) |
|
|
95,753 |
|
|
|
13,737 |
|
|
|
21,953 |
|
|
|
16,671 |
|
|
|
43,392 |
|
Notes payable 2004-B securitization (3) |
|
|
96,290 |
|
|
|
16,434 |
|
|
|
23,345 |
|
|
|
16,716 |
|
|
|
39,795 |
|
Notes payable 2005-A securitization (4) |
|
|
108,318 |
|
|
|
21,382 |
|
|
|
24,847 |
|
|
|
17,962 |
|
|
|
44,127 |
|
Notes payable 2005-B securitization (5) |
|
|
118,464 |
|
|
|
19,719 |
|
|
|
29,429 |
|
|
|
19,772 |
|
|
|
49,544 |
|
Notes payable 2006-A securitization (6) |
|
|
169,398 |
|
|
|
26,536 |
|
|
|
43,580 |
|
|
|
27,785 |
|
|
|
71,497 |
|
Notes payable 2007-A securitization (7) |
|
|
171,588 |
|
|
|
21,118 |
|
|
|
40,451 |
|
|
|
32,972 |
|
|
|
77,047 |
|
Notes payable 2007-B securitization (8) |
|
|
124,839 |
|
|
|
13,794 |
|
|
|
29,022 |
|
|
|
22,378 |
|
|
|
59,645 |
|
Repurchase agreement (9) |
|
|
17,653 |
|
|
|
17,653 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes payable related party (10) |
|
|
14,593 |
|
|
|
14,593 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases |
|
|
4,270 |
|
|
|
1,126 |
|
|
|
2,151 |
|
|
|
993 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total contractual obligations |
|
$ |
1,094,238 |
|
|
$ |
295,896 |
|
|
$ |
258,046 |
|
|
$ |
155,249 |
|
|
$ |
385,047 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. and Origen Securitization Company, LLC, one of our special purpose
entity subsidiaries, are borrowers under the short-term securitization facility with
Citigroup. |
|
(2) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. through a special purpose entity, Origen Manufactured Housing
Contract Trust 2004-A, is the issuer of the notes payable under the 2004-A securitization. |
|
(3) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. through a special purpose entity, Origen Manufactured Housing
Contract Trust 2004-B, is the issuer of the notes payable under the 2004-B securitization. |
|
(4) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. through a special purpose entity, Origen Manufactured Housing
Contract Trust 2005-A, is the issuer of the notes payable under the 2005-A securitization. |
|
(5) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. through a special purpose entity, Origen Manufactured Housing
Contract Trust 2005-B, is the issuer of the notes payable under the 2005-B securitization. |
|
(6) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. through a special purpose entity, Origen Manufactured Housing
Contract Trust 2006-A, is the issuer of the notes payable under the 2006-A securitization. |
|
(7) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. through a special purpose entity, Origen Manufactured Housing
Contract Trust 2007-A, is the issuer of the notes payable under the 2007-A securitization. |
|
(8) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. through a special purpose entity, Origen Manufactured Housing
Contract Trust 2007-B, is the issuer of the notes payable under the 2007-B securitization. |
|
(9) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. is the borrower under the Citigroup repurchase agreement. |
|
(10) |
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. is the borrower under the agreement with the William M. Davidson
Trust u/a/d 12/13/04. |
We need cash to pay interest expense on our securitized bonds and credit facilities. We
expect the total interest expense to be in excess of $47.6 million during the twelve months ending
December 31, 2008.
Our long-term liquidity and capital requirements consist primarily of funds necessary to
continue our loan servicing and other operations. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity
requirements through cash generated from operations, but we may require external sources of
capital, which may include sales of assets, sales of shares of our common stock, preferred stock,
debt securities, convertible debt securities (either pursuant to our shelf registration statement
on Form S-3 or otherwise) or third-party borrowings. Our ability to meet our long-term liquidity
needs depends on numerous factors, many of which are outside of our control. These factors include
general capital market and economic conditions, general market interest rate levels, the shape of
the yield curve and spreads between rates on U.S. Treasury obligations and securitized bonds, the
access to reliable sources of credit enhancement, such as financial guarantees, all of which affect
investors demand for equity and debt securities, including securitized debt securities. As has
recently been demonstrated, general market conditions can change rapidly, and accordingly the level
of access to liquidity and the cost of such liquidity can be negatively impacted in ways
disproportionate to the credit performance of an entitys underlying asset portfolio or the quality
of its operations.
The risks associated with the manufactured housing business become more acute in any economic
slowdown or recession. Periods of economic slowdown or recession may be accompanied by decreased
demand for consumer credit and declining asset values. In the manufactured housing business, any
material decline in collateral values increases the loan-to-value ratios of loans previously made,
thereby weakening collateral coverage and increasing the size of losses in the event of default.
Delinquencies, repossessions, foreclosures and losses generally increase during economic slowdowns
or recessions. For our finance customers, loss of employment, increases in cost-of-
36
living or other adverse economic conditions would impair their ability to meet their payment
obligations. Higher industry inventory levels of repossessed manufactured houses may affect
recovery rates and result in future impairment charges and provision for losses. In addition, in an
economic slowdown or recession, servicing and litigation costs generally increase. Any sustained
period of increased delinquencies, repossessions, foreclosures, losses or increased costs would
adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. We bear the risk of
delinquency and default on securitized loans in which we have a residual or retained ownership
interest. We also reacquire the risks of delinquency and default for loans that we are obligated to
repurchase. Repurchase obligations are typically triggered in sales or securitizations if the loan
materially violates our representations or warranties. If we experience higher-than-expected levels
of delinquency or default in pools of loans that we service, resulting in higher-than-anticipated
losses, our servicing rights may be terminated, which would result in a loss of future servicing
income.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains various forward-looking statements within the
meaning of the Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and we intend that such forward-looking statements
will be subject to the safe harbors created thereby. For this purpose, any statements contained in
this Form 10-K that relate to prospective events or developments are deemed to be forward-looking
statements. Words such as believes, forecasts, anticipates, intends, plans, expects,
will and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These
forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial
performance, but involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, both general and specific to
the matters discussed in this Form 10-K. These risks and uncertainties may cause our actual results
to be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking
statements. Such risks and uncertainties include:
|
|
|
the risk that the inability to raise additional capital to
meet our existing debt obligations could threaten our ability to
continue as a going concern; |
|
|
|
|
the performance of our manufactured housing loans; |
|
|
|
|
our ability to borrow at favorable rates and terms; |
|
|
|
|
conditions in the asset-backed securities market generally and the manufactured housing
asset-backed securities market specifically, including rating agencies views on the
manufactured housing industry; |
|
|
|
|
the supply of manufactured housing loans; |
|
|
|
|
interest rate levels and changes in the yield curve (which is the curve formed by the
differing Treasury rates paid on one, two, three, five, ten and thirty-year term debt); |
|
|
|
|
our ability to use hedging strategies to insulate our exposure to changing interest
rates; |
|
|
|
|
changes in, and the costs associated with complying with, federal, state and local
regulations, including consumer finance and housing regulations; |
|
|
|
|
applicable laws, including federal income tax laws; |
|
|
|
|
general economic conditions in the markets in which we operate; |
and those referenced in Item 1A, under the headings entitled Risk Factors contained in this Form
10-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All forward-looking
statements included in this document are based on information available to us on the date of this
Form 10-K. We do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements that we make in this
document or other documents, reports, filings or press releases, whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market prices and interest
rates. Our market risk arises from interest rate risk inherent in our financial instruments. We are
not currently subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk or commodity price risk.
37
The outstanding balance of our variable rate debt, under which we paid interest at various
LIBOR rates plus a spread, totaled $656.5 million and $348.3 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. If LIBOR increased or decreased by 1.0% during the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006, we believe our interest expense would have increased or decreased by approximately $5.2
million and $2.1 million, respectively, based on the $518.0 million and $213.8 million average
balance outstanding under our variable rate debt facilities for the years ended December 31, 2007
and 2006, respectively. As a result of our hedging activity, the increase or decrease in interest
expense would have been offset by $3.3 million and $0.7 million during the years ended December 31,
2007 and 2006, respectively. We had no variable rate interest earning assets outstanding during the
years ended December 31, 2007 or 2006.
The following table shows the contractual maturity dates of our assets and liabilities at
December 31, 2007. For each maturity category in the table the difference between interest-earning
assets and interest-bearing liabilities reflects an imbalance between re-pricing opportunities for
the two sides of the balance sheet. The consequences of a negative cumulative gap at the end of one
year suggests that, if interest rates were to rise, liability costs would increase more quickly
than asset yields, placing negative pressure on earnings (dollars in thousands).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected Maturity |
|
|
|
0 to 3 |
|
|
4 to 12 |
|
|
1 to 5 |
|
|
Over 5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
months |
|
|
months |
|
|
years |
|
|
years |
|
|
Total |
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and equivalents |
|
$ |
10,791 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10,791 |
|
Restricted cash |
|
|
16,290 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,290 |
|
Investments |
|
|
22,603 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,790 |
|
|
|
32,393 |
|
Loans receivable, net |
|
|
25,032 |
|
|
|
111,995 |
|
|
|
485,678 |
|
|
|
571,211 |
|
|
|
1,193,916 |
|
Servicing advances |
|
|
3,420 |
|
|
|
2,878 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,298 |
|
Servicing rights |
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
242 |
|
|
|
916 |
|
|
|
907 |
|
|
|
2,146 |
|
Furniture, fixtures and equipment, net |
|
|
238 |
|
|
|
744 |
|
|
|
1,992 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,974 |
|
Repossessed houses |
|
|
2,491 |
|
|
|
2,490 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,981 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
3,875 |
|
|
|
1,505 |
|
|
|
2,959 |
|
|
|
6,073 |
|
|
|
14,412 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
84,821 |
|
|
$ |
119,854 |
|
|
$ |
491,545 |
|
|
$ |
587,981 |
|
|
$ |
1,284,201 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities and Stockholders Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warehouse financing |
|
$ |
32,451 |
|
|
$ |
97,353 |
|
|
$ |
43,268 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
173,072 |
|
Securitization financing |
|
|
34,899 |
|
|
|
97,820 |
|
|
|
366,883 |
|
|
|
385,048 |
|
|
|
884,650 |
|
Repurchase agreements |
|
|
17,653 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,653 |
|
Notes payable related party |
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,593 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,593 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
22,543 |
|
|
|
2,360 |
|
|
|
1,557 |
|
|
|
19,388 |
|
|
|
45,848 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
107,546 |
|
|
|
212,126 |
|
|
|
411,708 |
|
|
|
404,436 |
|
|
|
1,135,816 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
125 |
|
Common stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
260 |
|
|
|
260 |
|
Additional paid-in-capital |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
221,842 |
|
|
|
221,842 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
130 |
|
|
|
(20,179 |
) |
|
|
(20,012 |
) |
Distributions in excess of earnings |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(53,830 |
) |
|
|
(53,830 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
130 |
|
|
|
148,218 |
|
|
|
148,385 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
107,546 |
|
|
$ |
212,163 |
|
|
$ |
411,838 |
|
|
$ |
552,654 |
|
|
$ |
1,284,201 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest sensitivity gap |
|
$ |
(22,725 |
) |
|
$ |
(92,309 |
) |
|
$ |
79,707 |
|
|
$ |
35,327 |
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative interest sensitivity gap |
|
$ |
(22,725 |
) |
|
$ |
(115,034 |
) |
|
$ |
(35,327 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative interest sensitivity gap to
total assets |
|
|
(1.77 |
)% |
|
|
(8.96 |
)% |
|
|
(2.75 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We believe the negative effect of a rise in interest rates is reduced by the anticipated
securitization of our loans receivable, which in conjunction with our hedging strategies, fixes our
cost of funds associated with the loans over the lives of such loans.
Our hedging strategies use derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate swap
contracts, to mitigate interest rate risk and variability in cash flows on our securitizations and
anticipated securitizations. It is not our policy to use derivatives to speculate on interest
rates. These derivative instruments are intended to provide income
38
and cash flow to offset potential increased interest expense and potential variability in cash
flows under certain interest rate environments.
We held eight separate open derivative positions at December 31, 2007. All eight of these
positions were interest rate swaps.
Three of the positions are interest rate swaps related to our 2006-A, 2007-A and 2007-B
securitizations. These interest rate swaps lock in the base LIBOR interest rate on the outstanding
balances of the 2006-A, 2007-A and 2007-B variable rate notes at 5.48%, 5.12% and 5.23%,
respectively, for the life of the notes. At December 31, 2007, the outstanding notional balances
on these interest rate swaps was $171.3 million, $172.6 million and $125.3 million on the 2006-A,
2007-A and 2007-B interest rate swaps, respectively.
We held two interest rate swaps for the purpose of locking in the base LIBOR interest rate on
a portion of our anticipated 2008-A securitization transaction. The agreements fix the interest
rate on notional amounts of $35 million and $15 million at 5.07% and 4.77%, respectively. (See
Note 21, Subsequent Events, under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, for
further discussion) .
At December 31, 2007 we held three interest rate swaps which were not accounted for as hedges.
Under the agreements, at December 31, 2007, we paid one month LIBOR and received fixed rates of
5.48%, 5.12% and 5.23% on outstanding notional balances of $1.1 million, $0.3 million and $0.6
million, respectively.
39
The following table shows our financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest
rates and are categorized by contractual maturity at December 31, 2007 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest Rate Sensitivity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2012 |
|
|
after |
|
|
Total |
|
Interest sensitive assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest bearing deposits |
|
$ |
24,400 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
24,400 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
5.44 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.44 |
% |
Investments |
|
|
22,603 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,790 |
|
|
|
32,393 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
9.23 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.23 |
% |
|
|
9.23 |
% |
Loans receivable, net |
|
|
137,027 |
|
|
|
142,902 |
|
|
|
128,840 |
|
|
|
113,782 |
|
|
|
100,154 |
|
|
|
571,211 |
|
|
|
1,193,916 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
Derivative asset |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
89 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.03 |
% |
|
|
5.03 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest sensitive
assets |
|
$ |
184,030 |
|
|
$ |
142,902 |
|
|
$ |
128,840 |
|
|
$ |
113,782 |
|
|
$ |
100,154 |
|
|
$ |
581,089 |
|
|
$ |
1,250,798 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest sensitive
liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warehouse financing |
|
$ |
129,804 |
|
|
$ |
43,268 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
173,072 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
7.19 |
% |
|
|
7.19 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.19 |
% |
Securitization financing |
|
|
132,720 |
|
|
|
115,332 |
|
|
|
97,294 |
|
|
|
83,223 |
|
|
|
71,034 |
|
|
|
385,047 |
|
|
|
884,650 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
5.81 |
% |
|
|
5.81 |
% |
|
|
5.81 |
% |
|
|
5.81 |
% |
|
|
5.81 |
% |
|
|
5.81 |
% |
|
|
5.81 |
% |
Repurchase agreements |
|
|
17,653 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,653 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
6.10 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.10 |
% |
Notes payable related
party |
|
|
14,593 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,593 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
12.88 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.88 |
% |
Derivative liability |
|
|
1,842 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,601 |
|
|
|
20,443 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
4.98 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.28 |
% |
|
|
5.25 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest sensitive
liabilities |
|
$ |
296,612 |
|
|
$ |
158,600 |
|
|
$ |
97,294 |
|
|
$ |
83,223 |
|
|
$ |
71,034 |
|
|
$ |
403,648 |
|
|
$ |
1,110,411 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Origen Financial, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Origen Financial, Inc. (a Delaware
corporation) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders equity, and
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An
audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred
to above present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of Origen Financial, Inc. and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and
the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2007 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America.
As discussed in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted Statement of
Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 (R), Share Based Payments, effective January 1, 2006.
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the
Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Notes 11 and 21 to the consolidated
financial statements, the deteriorating credit and mortgage securitization markets and the
expiration of the supplemental advance facility on June 13, 2008 raise substantial doubt about the
Companys ability to continue as a going concern. Managements plans concerning these matters are
described in Note 16. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that
might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
We also have audited, in accordance with the
standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the effectiveness of Origen Financial Inc. and
subsidiaries internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and
our report dated March 17, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion.
/S/ GRANT THORNTON LLP
Southfield, Michigan
March 17, 2008
41
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Origen Financial, Inc.
We have audited Origen Financial, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the Company)
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in
Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO). The Companys management is responsible for maintaining effective
internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal
control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Managements Report on Internal
Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on Origen Financial,
Inc.s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk,
and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A
companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1)
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company
are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company;
and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or
detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are
subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our
opinion, Origen Financial, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal
ControlIntegrated Framework issued by COSO.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Origen Financial, Inc. and subsidiaries
as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders equity and cash flows for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 2007, and our report dated March 17, 2008, expressed an unqualified
opinion on those consolidated financial statements which included an
explanatory paragraph regarding the Companys ability to
continue as a going concern.
/S/ GRANT THORNTON LLP
Southfield, Michigan
March 17, 2008
42
Origen Financial, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share data)
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
10,791 |
|
|
$ |
2,566 |
|
Restricted cash |
|
|
16,290 |
|
|
|
15,412 |
|
Investments |
|
|
32,393 |
|
|
|
41,538 |
|
Loans receivable, net of allowance for losses of $7,882 and $8,456, respectively |
|
|
1,193,916 |
|
|
|
950,226 |
|
Servicing advances |
|
|
6,298 |
|
|
|
7,741 |
|
Servicing rights |
|
|
2,146 |
|
|
|
2,508 |
|
Furniture, fixtures and equipment, net |
|
|
2,974 |
|
|
|
3,513 |
|
Repossessed houses |
|
|
4,981 |
|
|
|
3,046 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,277 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
14,412 |
|
|
|
14,240 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
1,284,201 |
|
|
$ |
1,073,067 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warehouse financing |
|
$ |
173,072 |
|
|
$ |
131,520 |
|
Securitization financing |
|
|
884,650 |
|
|
|
685,013 |
|
Repurchase agreements |
|
|
17,653 |
|
|
|
23,582 |
|
Notes payable related party |
|
|
14,593 |
|
|
|
|
|
Notes payable servicing advances |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,185 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
45,848 |
|
|
|
26,303 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
1,135,816 |
|
|
|
868,603 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; 125 shares
issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006; $1,000 per
share liquidation preference |
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
125 |
|
Common stock, $.01 par value, 125,000,000 shares authorized; 26,015,275 and
25,865,401 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007 and December 31,
2006, respectively |
|
|
260 |
|
|
|
259 |
|
Additional paid-in-capital |
|
|
221,842 |
|
|
|
219,759 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
|
(20,012 |
) |
|
|
(625 |
) |
Distributions in excess of earnings |
|
|
(53,830 |
) |
|
|
(15,054 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
148,385 |
|
|
|
204,464 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
1,284,201 |
|
|
$ |
1,073,067 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
43
Origen Financial, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
For the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(In thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Interest Income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest income |
|
$ |
92,127 |
|
|
$ |
74,295 |
|
|
$ |
59,391 |
|
Total interest expense |
|
|
59,758 |
|
|
|
43,498 |
|
|
|
28,468 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income before loan losses and impairment |
|
|
32,369 |
|
|
|
30,797 |
|
|
|
30,923 |
|
Provision for loan losses |
|
|
8,739 |
|
|
|
7,069 |
|
|
|
12,691 |
|
Impairment of purchased loan pool |
|
|
|
|
|
|
485 |
|
|
|
428 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income after loan losses and impairment |
|
|
23,630 |
|
|
|
23,243 |
|
|
|
17,804 |
|
Non-interest Income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Servicing income |
|
|
18,149 |
|
|
|
14,848 |
|
|
|
12,230 |
|
Origination income |
|
|
1,968 |
|
|
|
1,413 |
|
|
|
1,047 |
|
Insurance commissions |
|
|
1,438 |
|
|
|
1,216 |
|
|
|
1,212 |
|
Other |
|
|
485 |
|
|
|
310 |
|
|
|
162 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total non-interest income |
|
|
22,040 |
|
|
|
17,787 |
|
|
|
14,651 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-interest Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Personnel |
|
|
24,449 |
|
|
|
23,847 |
|
|
|
22,550 |
|
Loan origination and servicing |
|
|
1,985 |
|
|
|
1,619 |
|
|
|
1,603 |
|
Provision for recourse liability |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
218 |
|
Write down of residual interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
724 |
|
Loss on recourse buyout |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
792 |
|
Goodwill impairment |
|
|
32,277 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment impairment |
|
|
9,179 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
|
|
State business taxes |
|
|
273 |
|
|
|
292 |
|
|
|
369 |
|
Other operating |
|
|
9,214 |
|
|
|
8,209 |
|
|
|
8,858 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total non-interest expense |
|
|
77,377 |
|
|
|
34,081 |
|
|
|
35,114 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) before income taxes and cumulative effect
of change in accounting principle |
|
|
(31,707 |
) |
|
|
6,949 |
|
|
|
(2,659 |
) |
Income tax expense |
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle |
|
|
(31,767 |
) |
|
|
6,925 |
|
|
|
(2,659 |
) |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle |
|
|
|
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCOME (LOSS) |
|
$ |
(31,767 |
) |
|
$ |
6,971 |
|
|
$ |
(2,659 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic |
|
|
25,316,278 |
|
|
|
25,125,472 |
|
|
|
24,878,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted |
|
|
25,316,278 |
|
|
|
25,181,654 |
|
|
|
24,878,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings (loss) per common share before cumulative effect
of change in accounting principle: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
(1.26 |
) |
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
(1.26 |
) |
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings (loss) per common share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
(1.26 |
) |
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
(1.26 |
) |
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
44
Origen Financial, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(31,767 |
) |
|
$ |
6,971 |
|
|
$ |
(2,659 |
) |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net unrealized gain (loss) on interest
rate swaps designated as cash flow
hedges |
|
|
(19,072 |
) |
|
|
(1,587 |
) |
|
|
2,339 |
|
Reclassification adjustment for net
realized (gains) losses included in
net income (loss) |
|
|
(315 |
) |
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
375 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other comprehensive income (loss) |
|
|
(19,387 |
) |
|
|
(1,532 |
) |
|
|
2,714 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income (loss) |
|
$ |
(51,154 |
) |
|
$ |
5,439 |
|
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
45
Origen Financial, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity
For the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(In thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred |
|
|
Common |
|
|
Paid in |
|
|
Comprehensive |
|
|
In Excess |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
Stock |
|
|
Stock |
|
|
Capital |
|
|
Income (Loss) |
|
|
Earnings |
|
|
Equity |
|
Balance January 1, 2005 |
|
$ |
125 |
|
|
$ |
252 |
|
|
$ |
216,331 |
|
|
$ |
(1,807 |
) |
|
$ |
(11,435 |
) |
|
$ |
203,466 |
|
Issuance of non-vested stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement of non-vested stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(449 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(449 |
) |
Stock award amortization |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,487 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,487 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,659 |
) |
|
|
(2,659 |
) |
Other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,714 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,714 |
|
Cash distribution paid ($0.22 per common share) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,608 |
) |
|
|
(5,608 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2005 |
|
$ |
125 |
|
|
$ |
255 |
|
|
$ |
218,366 |
|
|
$ |
907 |
|
|
$ |
(19,702 |
) |
|
$ |
199,951 |
|
Issuance of non-vested stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement of non-vested stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(287 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(288 |
) |
Share-based compensation expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,731 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,731 |
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,971 |
|
|
|
6,971 |
|
Other comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,532 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,532 |
) |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(46 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(46 |
) |
Cash distribution paid ($0.09 per common share) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,323 |
) |
|
|
(2,323 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2006 |
|
$ |
125 |
|
|
$ |
259 |
|
|
$ |
219,759 |
|
|
$ |
(625 |
) |
|
$ |
(15,054 |
) |
|
$ |
204,464 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of non-vested stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement of non-vested stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(360 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(361 |
) |
Other common stock issuances, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
261 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
261 |
|
Issuance of common stock purchase warrants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
587 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
587 |
|
Share-based compensation expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,597 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,597 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(31,767 |
) |
|
|
(31,767 |
) |
Other comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19,387 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19,387 |
) |
Cash distribution paid ($0.27 per common share) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7,009 |
) |
|
|
(7,009 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2007 |
|
$ |
125 |
|
|
$ |
260 |
|
|
$ |
221,842 |
|
|
$ |
(20,012 |
) |
|
$ |
(53,830 |
) |
|
$ |
148,385 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
46
Origen Financial, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Cash Flows From Operating Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(31,767 |
) |
|
$ |
6,971 |
|
|
$ |
(2,659 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash used in operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for loan losses |
|
|
8,739 |
|
|
|
7,069 |
|
|
|
12,691 |
|
Provision for recourse liability |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
218 |
|
Goodwill impairment |
|
|
32,277 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment impairment |
|
|
9,179 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
|
|
Impairment of purchased loan pool |
|
|
|
|
|
|
485 |
|
|
|
428 |
|
Impairment of servicing rights |
|
|
|
|
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
|
|
Write down of residual interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
724 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
5,445 |
|
|
|
5,499 |
|
|
|
5,822 |
|
Compensation expense recognized under share-based compensation plans |
|
|
1,597 |
|
|
|
1,731 |
|
|
|
2,487 |
|
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(46 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from sale of loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,049 |
|
|
|
761 |
|
Proceeds from deferred purchase price receivable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
312 |
|
Decrease in servicing advances |
|
|
1,443 |
|
|
|
1,234 |
|
|
|
160 |
|
Increase in other assets |
|
|
(5,736 |
) |
|
|
(7,697 |
) |
|
|
(2,736 |
) |
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and other liabilities |
|
|
1,879 |
|
|
|
(192 |
) |
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
23,056 |
|
|
|
16,286 |
|
|
|
18,167 |
|
Cash Flows From Investing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in restricted cash |
|
|
(878 |
) |
|
|
(1,777 |
) |
|
|
(4,413 |
) |
Purchase of investment securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,107 |
) |
Origination and purchase of loans |
|
|
(368,337 |
) |
|
|
(288,366 |
) |
|
|
(306,814 |
) |
Principal collections on loans |
|
|
104,242 |
|
|
|
86,568 |
|
|
|
75,571 |
|
Proceeds from sale of repossessed houses |
|
|
11,586 |
|
|
|
11,297 |
|
|
|
12,665 |
|
Capital expenditures |
|
|
(610 |
) |
|
|
(987 |
) |
|
|
(2,085 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(253,997 |
) |
|
|
(193,265 |
) |
|
|
(229,183 |
) |
Cash Flows From Financing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock |
|
|
261 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement of common stock |
|
|
(361 |
) |
|
|
(288 |
) |
|
|
(449 |
) |
Dividends paid |
|
|
(7,009 |
) |
|
|
(2,323 |
) |
|
|
(5,608 |
) |
Proceeds upon termination of hedging transaction |
|
|
281 |
|
|
|
1,418 |
|
|
|
2,749 |
|
Payment upon termination of hedging transaction |
|
|
(1,921 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(410 |
) |
Proceeds from securitization financing |
|
|
311,089 |
|
|
|
200,646 |
|
|
|
320,567 |
|
Repayment of securitization financing |
|
|
(111,612 |
) |
|
|
(94,297 |
) |
|
|
(70,498 |
) |
Proceeds from advances under repurchase agreements |
|
|
759 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,243 |
|
Repayment of advances under repurchase agreements |
|
|
(6,688 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,814 |
) |
Proceeds from warehouse financing |
|
|
361,228 |
|
|
|
273,558 |
|
|
|
282,591 |
|
Repayment of warehouse financing |
|
|
(319,676 |
) |
|
|
(207,449 |
) |
|
|
(324,553 |
) |
Proceeds from notes payable related party |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in notes payable servicing advances, net |
|
|
(2,185 |
) |
|
|
(27 |
) |
|
|
2,212 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
239,166 |
|
|
|
171,238 |
|
|
|
210,030 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
|
|
8,225 |
|
|
|
(5,741 |
) |
|
|
(986 |
) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
|
|
2,566 |
|
|
|
8,307 |
|
|
|
9,293 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
|
$ |
10,791 |
|
|
$ |
2,566 |
|
|
$ |
8,307 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for interest |
|
$ |
57,873 |
|
|
$ |
42,565 |
|
|
$ |
27,381 |
|
Cash paid for income taxes |
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Non cash financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-vested stock issued as unearned compensation |
|
$ |
1,037 |
|
|
$ |
2,905 |
|
|
$ |
2,191 |
|
Loans transferred from repossessed assets and held for sale |
|
$ |
19,367 |
|
|
$ |
18,598 |
|
|
$ |
20,233 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
47
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1 Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Company Formation and Nature of Operations
Origen Financial, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company), was incorporated on July 31,
2003. On October 8, 2003, the Company completed a private placement of $150 million of its common
stock to certain institutional and accredited investors. In connection with and as a condition to
the October 2003 private placement, the Company acquired all of the equity interests of Origen
Financial L.L.C. in a transaction accounted for as a purchase. As part of these transactions the
Company took steps to qualify Origen Financial, Inc. as a real estate investment trust (REIT)
commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2003. The Companys business is to originate,
purchase and service manufactured housing loans. The Companys manufactured housing loans are
generally conventionally amortizing loans that generally range in amounts from $10,000 to $250,000
and have terms of seven to thirty years and are located throughout the United States. The Company
generally securitizes or places the manufactured housing loans it originates with institutional
investors and retains the rights to service the loans on behalf of those investors. Currently, most
of the Companys activities are conducted through Origen Financial L.L.C., which is a wholly owned
subsidiary. The Company conducts the rest of its business operations through one or more other
subsidiaries, including taxable REIT subsidiaries, to take advantage of certain business
opportunities and ensure that the Company complies with the federal income tax rules applicable to
REITs.
Basis of Financial Statement Presentation
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). The accompanying
consolidated financial statements include the financial position, results of operations and cash
flows of the Company, its wholly-owned qualified REIT and taxable REIT subsidiaries. All
intercompany amounts have been eliminated.
These consolidated
financial statements were prepared under the assumption that the Company
will continue its operations as a going concern. The Companys independent registered accountants
in their audit report have expressed substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a
going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the
possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and
classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of the Companys ability to continue
as a going concern.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period, including significant estimates regarding the
allowance for loan losses, valuation of servicing rights, deferral of certain direct loan
origination costs, amortization of yield adjustments to net interest income and the valuation of
goodwill. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represent short-term highly liquid investments with original
maturities of three months or less and include cash and interest bearing deposits at banks. The
Company has restricted cash related to loans serviced for others that is held in trust.
48
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Investments
Except for debt securities acquired with evidence of deterioration of credit quality since
origination, which are accounted for as described below, the Company follows the provisions of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 (SFAS 115), Accounting For Certain
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, in reporting its investments. The investments are
classified as either available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. Investments classified as
available-for sale are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses related to these
investments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. Investments classified as
held-to-maturity are carried on the Companys balance sheet at amortized cost. All investments are
regularly measured for impairment. Management uses its judgment to determine whether an investment
has sustained an other-than-temporary decline in value. If management determines that an investment
has sustained an other-than-temporary decline in its value, the investment is written down to its
fair value by a charge to earnings, and we establish a new cost basis for the investment. If a
security that is available for sale sustains an other-than-temporary impairment, the identified
impairment is reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings, thereby
establishing a new cost basis. Our evaluation of an other-than-temporary decline is dependent on
the specific facts and circumstances. Factors that we consider in determining whether an
other-than-temporary decline in value has occurred include: the estimated fair value of the
investment in relation to its cost basis; the financial condition of the related entity; and the
intent and ability to retain the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery
in the fair value of the investment.
Loan Pools and Debt Securities Acquired with Evidence of Deterioration of Credit Quality
The Company accounts for loan pools and debt securities acquired with evidence of
deterioration of credit quality at the time of acquisition in accordance with the provisions of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position 03-3 (SOP
03-3), Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer. The carrying
values of such purchased loan pools and debt securities were approximately $25.6 million and $3.5
million, respectively, at December 31, 2007 and $29.6 million and $3.6 million, respectively, at
December 31, 2006, and are included in loans receivable and investments held to maturity,
respectively, in the consolidated balance sheet.
Under the provisions of SOP 03-3, each static pool of loans and debt securities is
statistically modeled to determine its projected cash flows. The Company considers historical cash
collections for loan pools and debt securities with similar characteristics as well as expected
prepayments and estimates the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, interest and
other cash flows for each pool of loans and debt security. An internal rate of return is calculated
for each static pool of receivables based on the projected cash flows and applied to the balance of
the static pool. The resulting revenue recognized is based on the internal rate of return applied
to the remaining balance of each static pool of accounts. Each static pool is analyzed at least
quarterly to assess the actual performance compared to the expected performance. To the extent
there are differences in actual performance versus expected performance, the internal rate of
return is adjusted prospectively to reflect the revised estimate of cash flows over the remaining
life of the static pool. Beginning January 2005, if revised cash flow estimates are less than the
original estimates, SOP 03-3 requires that the internal rate of return remain unchanged and an
immediate impairment be recognized. For loans acquired with evidence of deterioration of credit
quality, if cash flow estimates increase subsequent to recording an impairment, SOP 03-3 requires
reversal of the previously recognized impairment before any increases to the internal rate of
return are made. For any remaining increases in estimated future cash flows for loan pools or debt
securities acquired with evidence of deterioration of credit quality, the Company adjusts the
amount of accretable yield recognized on a prospective basis over the remaining life of the loan
pool or debt security.
Application of the interest method of accounting requires the use of estimates to calculate a
projected internal rate of return for each pool. These estimates are based on historical cash
collections. If future cash collections are materially different in amount or timing than projected
cash collections, earnings could be affected, either positively or negatively. Higher collection
amounts or cash collections that occur sooner than projected cash collections will have a favorable
impact on yields and revenues. Lower collection amounts or cash collections that occur later than
projected cash collections will have an unfavorable impact and result in an immediate impairment
being recognized.
49
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Loans Receivable
Loans receivable consist of manufactured housing loans under contracts collateralized by the
borrowers manufactured houses and in some instances, related land. Generally, loans receivable are
classified as held for investment and are carried at amortized cost, except for loans purchased
with evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination, which are accounted for as
described above, under Loan Pools and Debt Securities Acquired with Evidence of Deterioration of
Credit Quality. Periodically, the Company identifies loans that it expects to sell prior to
maturity. When loans are identified to be sold, they are reclassified as held for sale and
reported at the lower of cost or market. Included in a loans cost are unearned deferred fees and
cost and the allowance for loan losses relating to the loans held for sale. The fair value of
loans classified as held for sale is based on market prices. If market prices are not readily
available, fair value is based on discounted cash flow models, which considers expected prepayment
factors and the degree of credit risk associated with the loans and the estimated effects of
changes in market interest rates relative to the loans interest rates. The Company does not
amortize basis adjustments, including deferred loan origination costs, fees and discounts and
premiums on loans held for sale. Interest on loans is credited to income when earned. Loans held
for investment include accrued interest and are presented net of deferred loan origination fees and
costs and an allowance for estimated loan losses. All of the Companys loans receivable were
classified as held for investment at December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for possible loan losses is maintained at a level believed adequate by
management to absorb losses on loans in the Companys loan portfolio. In accordance with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, the Company provides an
accrual for loan losses when it is probable that a loan asset has been impaired and the amount of
such loss can be reasonably estimated. The Companys loan portfolio is comprised of homogenous
manufactured housing loans with average loan balances of approximately $49,000 at December 31,
2007. The allowance for loan losses is developed at a portfolio level and the amount of the
allowance is determined by establishing a calculated range of probable losses. A range of probable
losses is calculated by applying historical loss rate factors to the loan portfolio on a stratified
basis using the Companys current portfolio performance and delinquency levels (0-30 days, 31-60
days, 61-90 days and more than 90 days delinquent) and by the extrapolation of probable loan
impairment based on the correlation of historical losses by vintage year of origination. Based on
Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 14, Reasonable Estimation of the Amount of
a Lossan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 5, the Company then makes a determination of the
best estimate within the calculated range of loan losses. Such determination may include, in
addition to historical charge-off experience, the impact of changed circumstances on current
impairment of the loan portfolio. The accrual of interest is discontinued when a loan becomes more
than 90 days past due. Cash receipts on impaired loans are applied first to accrued interest and
then to principal. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.
The allowance for loan losses represents an unallocated allowance. There are no elements of the
allowance allocated to specific individual loans or to impaired loans.
Servicing Rights
The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets
- An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140, on January 1, 2007. As a result of the adoption of SFAS
156, the Company characterized servicing rights relating to all existing manufactured housing loans
as a single class of servicing rights and did not elect to apply fair value accounting to these
servicing rights. The Company recognizes the fair value of loan servicing rights purchased or on
loans originated and sold, by recognizing a separate servicing asset or liability. Management is
required to make complex judgments when establishing the assumptions used in determining fair
values of servicing assets. The fair value of servicing assets is determined by calculating the
present value of estimated future net servicing cash flows, using assumptions of prepayments,
defaults, servicing costs and discount rates that the Company believes market participants would
use for similar assets. These assumptions are reviewed on a monthly basis and changed based on
actual and expected performance.
The Company stratifies its servicing assets based on the predominant risk characteristics of
the underlying loans, which are loan type, interest rate and loan size. Servicing assets are
amortized in proportion to and over the expected servicing period.
50
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The carrying amount of loan servicing rights is assessed for impairment by comparison to fair
value and a valuation allowance is established through a charge to earnings in the event the
carrying amount exceeds the fair value. Fair value is estimated based on the present value of
expected future cash flows.
Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment
Furniture, fixtures and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.
Depreciation is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets
as follows:
|
|
|
Furniture and fixtures
|
|
7 years |
Computers
|
|
5 years |
Software
|
|
3 years |
Leasehold improvements
|
|
Shorter of useful life or lease term |
Repossessed Houses
Manufactured houses acquired through foreclosure or similar proceedings are recorded at the
lesser of the related loan balance or the estimated fair value of the house.
Goodwill
As a result of the acquisition of Origen Financial L.L.C., our predecessor company, on October
8, 2003, which was accounted for as a purchase, the Company recorded the net assets acquired at
fair value, which resulted in recording goodwill of $32.3 million.
In accordance with SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, the Company tests
goodwill for impairment on an annual basis in the forth quarter, or more frequently if the Company
believes indicators of impairment exist. For purposes of testing goodwill impairment, the Company
has determined that with respect to its recorded goodwill, the Company is a single reporting unit.
The performance of the impairment test involves a two-step process. The first step of the
impairment test involves comparing the fair value of the Company with its aggregate carrying value,
including goodwill. The initial and ongoing estimate of the fair value of the Company is based on
assumptions and projections prepared by the Company. If the carrying amount of the Company exceeds
its fair value, the Company performs the second step of the goodwill impairment test in order to
determine the amount of impairment loss. The second step of the goodwill impairment test involves
comparing the implied fair value of the goodwill with the carrying value of that goodwill.
The Company performed its annual impairment test of goodwill on December 31, 2007, based on
conditions as of December 31, 2007, in accordance with SFAS 142, and determined that the Companys
recorded goodwill was fully impaired. The impairment was due to current market and economic
conditions which have resulted in a further and extended decline in the quoted market price of the
Companys equity securities below tangible book value. As a result, the Company recorded a non-cash
goodwill impairment charge of $32.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2007. No impairment
was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2006 or 2005.
Other Assets
Other assets are comprised of prepaid expenses, deferred financing costs and other
miscellaneous receivables. Prepaid expenses are amortized over the expected service period.
Deferred financing costs are capitalized and amortized over the life of the corresponding
obligation.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company has periodically used derivative instruments, primarily interest rate swaps, in
order to mitigate interest rate risk or the variability of cash flows to be paid, related to the
Companys loans receivable and anticipated securitizations. The Company follows the provisions of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 (SFAS 133), Accounting for Derivative
Investments and Hedging Activities (as amended by Statement of
51
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Financial Accounting Standards No. 149). All derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at
fair value. On the date a derivative contract is entered into, the Company designates the
derivative as a hedge of either a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flow to be paid
(cash flow hedge). Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is qualified, designated and
highly effective as a cash flow hedge are recorded in other comprehensive income until earnings are
affected by the forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flow and are then reported in
current earnings. Any ineffectiveness is recorded in current earnings.
The Company has formally documented all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged
items, as well as the risk-management objectives and strategy for undertaking the hedge
transaction. This process includes linking cash flow hedges to specific forecasted transactions or
variability of cash flow.
The Company also formally assesses, both at the hedges inception and on an ongoing basis,
whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting
changes in cash flow of hedged items. When it is determined that a derivative is not highly
effective as a hedge or that it has ceased to be a highly effective hedge, we discontinue hedge
accounting prospectively, in accordance with SFAS 133.
Derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are carried at fair
value and changes in fair value are recognized currently in earnings.
Securitizations Structured as Financings
The Company engages in securitizations of its manufactured housing loan receivables. The
Company has structured all loan securitizations occurring since 2003 as financings for accounting
purposes under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140 (SFAS 140), Accounting for
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities a replacement of
FASB Statement No. 125. When a loan securitization is structured as a financing, the financed
asset remains on the Companys books along with the recorded liability that evidences the
financing, typically bonds. Income from both the loan interest spread and the servicing fees
received on the securitized loans are recorded into income as earned. An appropriate allowance for
credit losses is maintained on the loans. Deferred debt issuance costs and discount related to the
bonds are amortized on a level yield basis over the estimated life of the bonds.
Servicing Income Revenue Recognition
Loans serviced require regular monthly payments from borrowers. Income on loan servicing is
generally recorded as payments are collected and is based on a percentage of the principal balance
of the respective loans. Loan servicing expenses are charged to operations when incurred. The
contractual servicing fee is recorded as a component of interest income on the consolidated
statements of operation for loans owned by the Company, and it is recorded as servicing fee income
on the consolidated statements of operations for loans serviced for others.
Share-Based Compensation
In connection with the formation of the Company, the Company adopted an equity incentive plan.
The Company follows the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 revised
(SFAS 123(R)), Share-Based Payment, which the Company adopted on January 1, 2006, using the
modified-prospective transition method, in order to account for our equity incentive plan and stock
option plan. Prior to January 1, 2006, as permitted under the provisions of SFAS No. 123 (SFAS
123), Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as amended, the Company had chosen to recognize
compensation expense using the intrinsic value-based method of valuing stock options prescribed in
APB No. 25 (APB 25), Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees and related interpretations.
Under the intrinsic value-based method, compensation cost is measured as the amount by which the
quoted market price of the Companys stock at the date of grant exceeds the stock option exercise
price. All options granted by the Company prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R) were granted at a
fixed price not less than the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant and,
therefore, were not included in compensation expense, prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R).
52
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Advertising Expense
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses were approximately $130,000,
$189,000 and $270,000 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Income Taxes
The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT as defined under Section 856(c)(1) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). In order for the Company to qualify as a
REIT, at least ninety-five percent (95%) of the Companys gross income in any year must be derived
from qualifying sources. In addition, a REIT must distribute at least ninety percent (90%) of its
REIT taxable net income to its stockholders.
Qualification as a REIT involves the satisfaction of numerous requirements (some on an annual
and quarterly basis) established under highly technical and complex Code provisions for which there
are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations, and involves the determination of
various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within the Companys control. In addition,
frequent changes occur in the area of REIT taxation, which requires the Company continually to
monitor its tax status.
As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes at the
corporate level on the ordinary taxable income it distributes to its stockholders as dividends. If
the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, its taxable income will be subject to
U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates (including any applicable alternative minimum
tax). Even if the Company qualifies as a REIT, it may be subject to certain state and local income
taxes and to U.S. federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed taxable income. In addition,
taxable income from non-REIT activities managed through taxable REIT subsidiaries, if any, is
subject to federal and state income taxes. An income tax allocation is required to be estimated on
the Companys taxable income generated by its taxable REIT subsidiaries. Deferred tax components
arise based upon temporary differences between the book and tax basis of items such as the
allowance for loan losses, accumulated depreciation, share-based compensation and goodwill.
Uncertainty in Income Taxes
The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48), Accounting for
Uncertainty in Income Taxes An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, on January 1, 2007.
FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement
recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48
also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in
interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax
returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and in various state and local jurisdictions. With few
exceptions, the Company and its subsidiaries are no longer subject to U.S. federal or state and
local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2004. It is the Companys policy
to include any accrued interest or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax
expense. No liability for unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2007 was recorded as a result
of the implementation of FIN 48. Additionally, the Company did not record any accrued interest or
penalties relating to unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2007. There was no liability for
unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2007 and no interest or penalties were recorded during
the year ended December 31, 2007. As of December 31, 2007, there are no positions for which the
Company believes that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or
decrease during 2008.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting for Certain Hybrid Instruments
In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Instruments, which
allows financial instruments that have embedded derivatives to be accounted for as a whole
(eliminating the need to bifurcate the derivative from its host) if the holder elects to account
for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. SFAS 155 is effective for all financial instruments
acquired or issued after the beginning of an entitys first fiscal year that begins after September
15, 2006. The adoption of SFAS 155 on January 1, 2007 did not
have a material impact on the Companys financial position or results of operations.
53
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Fair Value Measurements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements. This statement
defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in US GAAP, and expands
disclosures about fair value measurements. This statement applies under other accounting
pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded
in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute.
Accordingly, this statement does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective
for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim
periods within those fiscal years. At this time, the Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS
157 to have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
Fair Value Option
On February 15, 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets
and Financial Liabilities. Under SFAS 159, the Company may elect to report financial instruments
and certain other items at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis with changes in value
reported in earnings. This election is irrevocable. SFAS 159 provides an opportunity to mitigate
volatility in reported earnings that is caused by measuring hedged assets and liabilities that were
previously required to use a different accounting method than the related hedging contracts when
the complex provisions of SFAS 133 hedge accounting are not met. SFAS 159 is effective for years
beginning after November 15, 2007. Early adoption within 120 days of the beginning of the Companys
2007 fiscal year is permissible, provided the Company has not yet issued interim financial
statements for 2007 and has adopted SFAS 157. At this time, the Company does not expect the
adoption of SFAS 159 to have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts for prior periods have been reclassified to conform with current financial
statement presentation.
Note 2 Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share incorporates the potential
dilutive effect of common stock equivalents outstanding on an average basis during the period.
Potential dilutive common shares primarily consist of employee stock options, non-vested common
stock awards, stock purchase warrants and convertible notes. The following table presents a
reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005 (in thousands, except share and per share data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(31,767 |
) |
|
$ |
6,971 |
|
|
$ |
(2,659 |
) |
Preferred stock dividends |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) available to common shareholders, basic |
|
$ |
(31,783 |
) |
|
$ |
6,955 |
|
|
$ |
(2,675 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) available to common shareholders, diluted |
|
$ |
(31,783 |
) |
|
$ |
6,955 |
|
|
$ |
(2,675 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding |
|
|
25,316,278 |
|
|
|
25,125,472 |
|
|
|
24,878,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of dilutive securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incremental shares non-vested stock awards |
|
|
|
|
|
|
56,182 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding |
|
|
25,316,278 |
|
|
|
25,181,654 |
|
|
|
24,878,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(1.26 |
) |
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share |
|
$ |
(1.26 |
) |
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had the Company recognized net income for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2005,
incremental shares attributable to non-vested common stock awards would have increased diluted
shares by 63,941 and 104,755,
54
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
respectively, and incremental shares attributable to stock purchase warrants would have been 5,879
for the year ended December 31, 2007. There were no stock purchase warrants outstanding during the
years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
Antidilutive outstanding common stock options that were excluded from the computation of
diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, were 228,294,
249,492 and 255,500, respectively. The common stock options are considered antidilutive if assumed
proceeds per share exceed the average market price of the Companys common stock during the
relevant periods. Assumed proceeds include proceeds from the exercise of the common stock options,
as well as unearned compensation related to the common stock options.
Antidilutive outstanding convertible debt shares that were excluded from the computation of
diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2007 was 245,991. There was no
convertible debt outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005. The convertible
debt shares are considered antidilutive for any period where interest expense per common share
obtainable on conversion exceeds basic earnings per share.
Note 3 Investments
The Company follows the provisions of SFAS 115 and SOP 03-3 in reporting its investments. The
investments are carried on the Companys balance sheet at $32.4 million and $41.5 million at
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The fair value of these investments was approximately
$33.1 million and $41.5 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
At December 31, 2006 the Companys investments accounted for under the provisions of SFAS 115
and classified as held-to-maturity were carried on the Companys balance sheet at an amortized cost
of $37.9 million. These investments consisted of two asset backed securities with principal
amounts of $32.0 and $6.8 million. The investments were collateralized by manufactured housing
loans and had contractual maturity dates of July 28, 2033 and December 28, 2033, respectively.
During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company financed these two asset backed
securities through 30 day repurchase agreements with Citigroup (See Note 11- Debt for further
discussion).
In
February 2008 these repurchase agreements were not renewed and, to satisfy Citigroup, the
Company sold $32.0 million in principal balance asset-backed security mentioned above (See Note 21
Subsequent Events for further discussion). As a result, the Company reevaluated its
classification of that asset-backed security at December 31, 2007 and determined that it no longer
qualified as held-to-maturity. The Company transferred the security, which had a carrying value of
$31.8 million at December 31, 2007 from held-to-maturity to available-for-sale as of December 31,
2007. In connection with this transfer, the Company realized an other-than-temporary impairment of
$9.2 million in order to record this investment at fair value as of December 31, 2007. As there is
no available quoted market price for the investment, the Company based the December 31, 2007 fair
value on the subsequent sale price of the investment. The carrying value of investments classified
as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2007 was $22.6 million. There were no investments
classified as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2006. Additionally, there were no unrealized
gains or losses related to investments classified as available-for-sale as of either December 31,
2007 or 2006. No other-than-temporary impairment was recognized related to investments classified
as available-for-sale during the year ended December 31, 2006.
At December 31, 2007 the Companys investments accounted for under the provisions of SFAS 115
and classified as held-to-maturity were carried on the Companys balance sheet at an amortized cost
of $6.3 million. This investment consisted of one asset backed security with a principal amount of
$6.8 million. The investment is collateralized by manufactured housing loans and has a contractual
maturity date of December 28, 2033. As prescribed by the provisions of SFAS 115, as of December 31,
2007 the Company had both the intent and ability to hold the investment to maturity. The investment
will not be sold in response to changing market conditions, changing fund sources or terms,
changing availability and yields on alternative investments or other asset liability management
reasons. The investment is regularly measured for impairment through the use of a discounted cash
flow analysis based on the historical performance of the underlying loans that collateralize the
investment. If it is determined that there has been a decline in fair value below amortized cost
and the decline is other-than-temporary,
55
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
the cost basis of the investment is written down to fair value as a new cost basis and the amount
of the write-down is included in earnings. No impairment was recorded relating to investments
classified as held-to-maturity during the years ended December 31, 2007 or 2006.
Debt securities acquired with evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination
are accounted for under the provisions of SOP 03-3. The carrying value of the debt securities
accounted for under the provisions of SOP 03-3 was approximately $3.5 million and $3.6 million at
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. See Note 5 Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with
Evidence of Deterioration of Credit Quality for further discussion related to the Companys debt
securities accounted for under the provisions of SOP 03-3.
Note 4 Loans Receivable
The carrying amounts and fair value of loans receivable consisted of the following at December
31 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Manufactured housing loans securitized |
|
$ |
1,051,015 |
|
|
$ |
825,811 |
|
Manufactured housing loans unsecuritized |
|
|
144,926 |
|
|
|
130,828 |
|
Accrued interest receivable |
|
|
5,608 |
|
|
|
4,840 |
|
Deferred loan origination costs |
|
|
5,612 |
|
|
|
1,271 |
|
Discount on purchased loans |
|
|
(4,450 |
) |
|
|
(3,155 |
) |
Allowance for purchased loans |
|
|
(913 |
) |
|
|
(913 |
) |
Allowance for loan losses |
|
|
(7,882 |
) |
|
|
(8,456 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,193,916 |
|
|
$ |
950,226 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table sets forth the average per loan balance, weighted average loan yield, and
weighted average initial term at December 31 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Number of loans receivable |
|
|
24,416 |
|
|
|
20,300 |
|
Average loan balance |
|
$ |
49 |
|
|
$ |
47 |
|
Weighted average loan yield |
|
|
9.45 |
% |
|
|
9.50 |
% |
Weighted average initial term |
|
20 years |
|
20 years |
The following table sets forth the concentration by state of the manufactured housing loan
portfolio at December 31 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
Principal |
|
|
Percent |
|
|
Principal |
|
|
Percent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
|
$ |
493,862 |
|
|
|
41.3 |
% |
|
$ |
341,510 |
|
|
|
35.7 |
% |
Texas |
|
|
92,665 |
|
|
|
7.7 |
% |
|
|
89,229 |
|
|
|
9.3 |
% |
New York |
|
|
56,376 |
|
|
|
4.7 |
% |
|
|
53,396 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
% |
Florida |
|
|
41,749 |
|
|
|
3.5 |
% |
|
|
31,519 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
% |
Michigan |
|
|
39,498 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
% |
|
|
39,404 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
% |
Arizona |
|
|
33,804 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
% |
|
|
24,419 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
% |
Alabama |
|
|
32,538 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
% |
|
|
30,920 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
% |
Other |
|
|
405,449 |
|
|
|
34.0 |
% |
|
|
346,242 |
|
|
|
36.2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,195,941 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
956,639 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table sets forth the number and value of loans for various original terms for
the manufactured housing loan portfolio at December 31 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Original Term In Years |
|
Number of |
|
|
Principal |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
Principal |
|
|
|
Loans |
|
|
Balance |
|
|
Loans |
|
|
Balance |
|
5 or less |
|
|
28 |
|
|
$ |
637 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
$ |
197 |
|
6-10 |
|
|
1,972 |
|
|
|
36,993 |
|
|
|
1,675 |
|
|
|
32,270 |
|
11-12 |
|
|
231 |
|
|
|
5,624 |
|
|
|
199 |
|
|
|
4,836 |
|
13-15 |
|
|
6,260 |
|
|
|
187,623 |
|
|
|
5,223 |
|
|
|
154,824 |
|
16-20 |
|
|
12,826 |
|
|
|
750,423 |
|
|
|
10,494 |
|
|
|
594,596 |
|
21-25 |
|
|
1,275 |
|
|
|
70,526 |
|
|
|
1,098 |
|
|
|
52,122 |
|
26-30 |
|
|
1,824 |
|
|
|
144,115 |
|
|
|
1,589 |
|
|
|
117,794 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
24,416 |
|
|
$ |
1,195,941 |
|
|
|
20,300 |
|
|
$ |
956,639 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
56
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Delinquency statistics for the manufactured housing loan portfolio are as follows at December
31 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Days Delinquent |
|
No. of |
|
Principal |
|
% of |
|
No. of |
|
Principal |
|
% of |
|
|
Loans |
|
Balance |
|
Portfolio |
|
Loans |
|
Balance |
|
Portfolio |
31-60 |
|
|
268 |
|
|
$ |
9,451 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
% |
|
|
248 |
|
|
$ |
9,354 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
% |
61-90 |
|
|
84 |
|
|
|
3,496 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
% |
|
|
86 |
|
|
|
3,159 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
% |
Greater than 90 |
|
|
170 |
|
|
|
7,484 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
% |
|
|
131 |
|
|
|
5,416 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
% |
The Company defines non-performing loans as those loans that are greater than 90 days
delinquent in contractual principal payments. The average balance of non-performing loans was $5.8
million and $5.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Note 5 Loan Pools and Debt Securities Acquired with Evidence of Deterioration of Credit Quality
The Company has loan pools and debt securities that were acquired, for which there was at
acquisition, evidence of deterioration of credit quality, and for which it was probable, at
acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected. These loan pools and
debt securities are accounted for under the provisions of SOP 03-3.
Loan Pools Acquired with Evidence of Deterioration of Credit Quality
The carrying amount of loan pools acquired with evidence of deterioration of credit qualify
was as follows at December 31 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Outstanding balance |
|
$ |
29,383 |
|
|
$ |
33,935 |
|
Carrying amount, net of allowance of $913 and $913, respectively |
|
|
25,563 |
|
|
|
29,585 |
|
Accretable yield represents the excess of expected future cash flows over the remaining
carrying value of the purchased portfolio, which is recognized as interest income on a level-yield
basis over the life of the loan portfolio. Nonaccretable difference represents the difference
between the remaining expected cash flows and the total contractual obligation outstanding of the
purchased receivables. Changes in accretable yield for the years ended December 31 were as follows
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Beginning balance |
|
$ |
16,731 |
|
|
$ |
16,144 |
|
Accretion |
|
|
(2,343 |
) |
|
|
(2,767 |
) |
Additions due to purchases during the period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reclassifications from non-accretable yield |
|
|
239 |
|
|
|
3,354 |
|
Disposals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending balance |
|
$ |
14,627 |
|
|
$ |
16,731 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company increased the allowance
by charges to the income statement of approximately $0, $485,000 and $428,000, respectively. No
allowances were reversed during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 or 2005.
During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, there were no loans acquired for which it
was probable at acquisition that all contractually required payments would not be collected.
57
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Debt Securities Acquired with Evidence of Deterioration of Credit Quality
The carrying amount of debt securities acquired with evidence of deterioration of credit
quality was as follows at December 31 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Outstanding balance |
|
$ |
8,616 |
|
|
$ |
8,616 |
|
Carrying amount, net |
|
|
3,524 |
|
|
|
3,632 |
|
Accretable yield represents the excess of expected future cash flows over the remaining
carrying value of the debt securities, which is recognized as interest income on a level-yield
basis over the life of the debt securities. Nonaccretable difference represents the difference
between the remaining expected cash flows and the total contractual obligation outstanding of the
debt securities. Changes in accretable yield for the years ended December 31were as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Beginning balance |
|
$ |
9,500 |
|
|
$ |
10,329 |
|
Accretion |
|
|
(638 |
) |
|
|
(678 |
) |
Additions due to purchases during the period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reclassifications from non-accretable yield |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(151 |
) |
Disposals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending balance |
|
$ |
8,879 |
|
|
$ |
9,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the year ended December 31, 2007 the Company did not recognize an other-than-temporary
impairment. During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company recognized an
other-than-temporary impairment of $114,000. The Company did not recognize an other-than-temporary
impairment during the year ended December 31, 2005.
During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, there were no debt securities acquired for
which it was probable at acquisition that all contractually required payments would not be
collected.
Note 6 Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses and related additions and deductions to the allowance for the
years ended December 31 were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Balance at beginning of period |
|
$ |
8,456 |
|
|
$ |
10,017 |
|
|
$ |
5,315 |
|
Provision for loan losses |
|
|
8,739 |
|
|
|
7,069 |
|
|
|
12,691 |
|
Transfers from recourse liability |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,036 |
|
Gross charge-offs |
|
|
(21,093 |
) |
|
|
(17,685 |
) |
|
|
(20,769 |
) |
Recoveries |
|
|
11,780 |
|
|
|
9,055 |
|
|
|
10,744 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of period |
|
$ |
7,882 |
|
|
$ |
8,456 |
|
|
$ |
10,017 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note 7 Servicing Rights
Changes in servicing rights for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Beginning balance of servicing rights |
|
$ |
2,508 |
|
|
$ |
3,103 |
|
|
$ |
4,097 |
|
Servicing rights retained upon sale of loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
Loan portfolio repurchased |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(108 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Impairment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(69 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
(362 |
) |
|
|
(432 |
) |
|
|
(994 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance of servicing rights at end of period |
|
$ |
2,146 |
|
|
$ |
2,508 |
|
|
$ |
3,103 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company services the manufactured housing loans it originates and holds in its loan
portfolio as well as
58
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
manufactured housing loans it originated and securitized or sold with the servicing rights
retained. The principal balances of manufactured housing loans serviced for others totaled
approximately $0.6 billion, $0.6 billion and $0.7 billion at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. The valuation allowance was approximately $69,000 as of both December 31, 2007 and
2006. There was no valuation allowance as of December 31, 2005.
At December 31, 2007, the total projected amortization of the remaining servicing rights is
approximately as follows: 2008 $0.3 million; 2009 $0.3 million; 2010 $0.2 million; 2011 -
$0.2 million; 2012 $0.2 million and $0.9 million thereafter.
Note 8 Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment
Furniture, fixtures and equipment are summarized as follows at December 31 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Furniture and fixtures |
|
$ |
2,273 |
|
|
$ |
2,239 |
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
903 |
|
|
|
900 |
|
Computer equipment |
|
|
1,490 |
|
|
|
1,350 |
|
Capitalized software |
|
|
1,890 |
|
|
|
1,623 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,556 |
|
|
|
6,112 |
|
Accumulated depreciation |
|
|
(3,582 |
) |
|
|
(2,599 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,974 |
|
|
$ |
3,513 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expense was approximately $1,149,000, $1,032,000 and $864,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Note 9 Derivatives
In connection with the Companys strategy to mitigate interest rate risk and variability in
cash flows on its securitizations and anticipated securitizations the Company uses derivative
financial instruments such as interest rate swap contracts. It is not the Companys policy to use
derivatives to speculate on interest rates. These derivative instruments are intended to provide
income and cash flow to offset potential increased interest expense and potential variability in
cash flows under certain interest rate environments. In accordance with SFAS 133 the derivative
financial instruments are reported on the consolidated balance sheet at their fair value.
The Company documents the relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well
as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking various hedge transactions, at the
inception of the hedging transaction. This process includes linking derivatives to specific
liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company also assesses, both at the inception of
the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly
effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged items. When it is determined that a
derivative is not highly effective as a hedge or that it has ceased to be a highly effective hedge,
the Company discontinues hedge accounting.
When hedge accounting is discontinued because the Company determines that the derivative no
longer qualifies as a hedge, the derivative will continue to be recorded on the consolidated
balance sheet at its fair value. Any change in the fair value of a derivative no longer qualifying
as a hedge is recognized in current period earnings. For terminated cash flow hedges or cash flow
hedges that no longer qualify as highly effective, the effective position previously recorded in
accumulated other comprehensive income is recorded in earnings when the hedged item affects
earnings.
Cash Flow Hedge Instruments
The Company evaluates the effectiveness of derivative financial instruments designated as cash
flow hedge instruments against the interest payments related to securitizations or anticipated
securitization in order to ensure that there remains a high correlation in the hedge relationship
and that the hedge relationship remains highly effective. To hedge the effect of interest rate
changes on cash flows or the overall variability in cash flows, which
59
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
affect the interest payments related to its securitization financing being hedged, the Company uses
derivatives designated as cash flow hedges under SFAS 133. Once the hedge relationship is
established, for those derivative instruments designated as qualifying cash flow hedges, the
effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of other
comprehensive income during the current period, and reclassified into earnings as part of interest
expense in the periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings pursuant to SFAS 133.
The ineffective portion of the derivative instrument is recognized in earnings in the current
period and is included in interest expense for derivatives hedging future interest payments related
to recognized liabilities and other non-interest income for derivatives hedging future interest
payments related to forecasted liabilities. No component of the derivative instruments gain or
loss has been excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. During the years ended December
31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 the Company recognized no net ineffectiveness in interest expense and a net
loss of $15,000, $1,000 and $0, respectively, in other non-interest income due to the ineffective
portion of these hedges.
For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company reclassified net gains of
approximately $315,000 and net losses of approximately $55,000 and $375,000, respectively,
attributable to previously terminated cash flow hedges, which have been recorded as a decrease or
increase in interest expense. Net unrealized losses of approximately $20.0 million and $625,000
related to cash flow hedges were included in accumulated other comprehensive income as of December
31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Company expects to reclassify net gains of approximately
$38,000 from accumulated other comprehensive income into earnings during the next twelve months.
The remaining amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income are expected to be reclassified
into earnings by April 2018. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006 the fair value of the Companys
derivatives accounted for as cash flow hedges approximated an asset of $0 and $121,000,
respectively, and is included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet and a liability of
$20.4 million and $3.1 million, respectively, and is included in other liabilities in the
consolidated balance sheet.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedge Instruments
As of December 31, 2007, the Company had three open interest rate swap contracts which were
not designated as hedges. These interest rate swap contracts were entered into in connection with
other interest rate swap contracts which are accounted for as cash flow hedges for the purpose of
hedging the variability in expected cash flows from the variable-rate debt related to the Companys
2006-A, 2007-A and 2007-B securitizations. Change in the fair values of the interest rate swap
contracts not designated and documented as hedges are recorded through earnings each period and are
included in other non-interest income. During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the
Company recognized net gains of approximately $65,000 and $24,000, respectively, related to changes
in the fair values of these contracts. The fair value of these contracts at December 31, 2007 and
2006 was approximately $89,000 and $24,000, respectively, and is included in other assets in the
consolidated balance sheet. The Company did not have any derivatives which were not designated as
hedge instruments during the year ended December 31, 2005.
Note 10 Loan Securitizations
Periodically the Company securitizes manufactured housing loans. The Company records each
transaction based on its legal structure. Under the current legal structure of the securitization
program, the Company exchanges manufactured housing loans it originates and purchases with a trust
for cash. The trust then issues ownership interests to investors in asset-backed bonds secured by
the loans.
The Company has structured all loan securitizations occurring since 2003 as financings for
accounting purposes under SFAS 140. When securitizations are structured as financings no gain or
loss is recognized, nor is any allocation made to residual interests or servicing rights. Rather,
the loans securitized continue to be carried by the Company as assets, and the asset-backed bonds
secured by the loans are carried as a liability. The Company records interest income on securitized
loans and interest expense on the bonds issued in the securitizations over the life of the
securitizations. Deferred debt issuance costs and discount related to the bonds are amortized on a
level yield basis over the estimated life of the bonds.
On May 2, 2007, the Company completed a securitized financing transaction of approximately
$200.4 million in
60
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
principal balance of manufactured housing loans, which was funded by issuing bonds of
approximately $184.4 million. Approximately $182.4 million of the proceeds was used to reduce the
aggregate balances of notes outstanding under the Companys short-term securitization facility.
On October 16, 2007, the Company completed a securitized financing transaction of
approximately $140.0 million in principal balance of manufactured housing loans, which was funded
by issuing bonds of approximately $126.7 million. Approximately $122.4 million of the proceeds was
used to reduce the aggregate balances of notes outstanding under the Companys short-term
securitization facility.
On August 25, 2006, the Company completed a securitized financing transaction of approximately
$224.2 million in principal balance of manufactured housing loans, which was funded by issuing
bonds of approximately $200.6 million. Approximately $199.2 million of the proceeds was used to
reduce the aggregate balances of notes outstanding under the Companys short-term securitization
facility.
The total principal balance of loans serviced by the Company and which the Company has
previously securitized and accounted for as a sale was approximately $113.6 million and $127.9
million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Delinquency statistics (including repossessed
inventory) on those loans are as follows at December 31 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
|
No. of |
|
Principal |
|
% of |
|
No. of |
|
Principal |
|
% of |
Days delinquent |
|
Loans |
|
Balance |
|
Portfolio |
|
Loans |
|
Balance |
|
Portfolio |
31-60 |
|
|
103 |
|
|
$ |
3,937 |
|
|
|
3.5 |
% |
|
|
123 |
|
|
$ |
4,659 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
% |
61-90 |
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
1,242 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
% |
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
1,705 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
% |
Greater than 90 |
|
|
82 |
|
|
|
3,373 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
% |
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
3,293 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
% |
Note 11 Debt
Total debt outstanding was as follows at December 31 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Warehouse financing |
|
$ |
173,072 |
|
|
$ |
131,520 |
|
Securitization financing |
|
|
884,650 |
|
|
|
685,013 |
|
Repurchase agreements |
|
|
17,653 |
|
|
|
23,582 |
|
Notes payable related party |
|
|
14,593 |
|
|
|
|
|
Notes payable servicing advances |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,185 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,089,968 |
|
|
$ |
842,300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warehouse Financing Citigroup
The Company, through its operating subsidiary Origen Financial L.L.C., previously had a short
term securitization facility used for warehouse financing with Citigroup Global Markets Realty
Corporation (Citigroup). Under the terms of the agreement, originally entered into in March 2003
and amended periodically, most recently in August 2007, the Company pledged loans as collateral and
in turn was advanced funds. The facility had a maximum advance amount of $200 million at an annual
interest rate equal to LIBOR plus a spread. Additionally, the facility included a $55 million
supplemental advance amount collateralized by the Companys residual interests in its 2004-A,
2004-B, 2005-A, 2005-B, 2006-A, 2007-A and 2007-B securitizations. The outstanding balance on the
facility was approximately $173.1 million and $131.5 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. At December 31, 2007 all financial covenants were met. The warehouse facility matured
in March 2008 and was paid off in full. The expiration of the supplemental advance facility has
been extended through June 13, 2008. (See Note 21 Subsequent Events for further discussion.)
Securitization Financing 2004-A Securitization
On February 11, 2004, the Company completed a securitization of approximately $238.0 million
in principal balance of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a
financing. As part of the securitization the Company, through a special purpose entity, issued
$200.0 million in notes payable. The notes are
61
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
stratified into six different classes and pay
interest at a duration-weighted average rate of approximately 5.12%. The
notes have a contractual maturity date of October 2013 with respect to the Class A-1 notes;
August 2017, with respect to the Class A-2 notes; December 2020, with respect to the Class A-3
notes; and January 2035, with respect to the Class A-4, Class M-1 and Class M-2 notes. The
outstanding balance on the 2004-A securitization notes was approximately $95.8 million and $113.4
million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Securitization Financing 2004-B Securitization
On September 29, 2004, the Company completed a securitization of approximately $200.0 million
in principal balance of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a
financing. As part of the securitization the Company, through a special purpose entity, issued
$169.0 million in notes payable. The notes are stratified into seven different classes and pay
interest at a duration-weighted average rate of approximately 5.27%. The notes have a contractual
maturity date of June 2013 with respect to the Class A-1 notes; December 2017, with respect to the
Class A-2 notes; August 2021, with respect to the Class A-3 notes; and November 2035, with respect
to the Class A-4, Class M-1, Class M-2 and Class B-1 notes. The outstanding balance on the 2004-B
securitization notes was approximately $96.3 million and $114.4 million at December 31, 2007 and
2006, respectively.
Securitization Financing 2005-A Securitization
On May 12, 2005, the Company completed a securitization of approximately $190.0 million in
principal balance of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a
financing. As part of the securitization the Company, through a special purpose entity, issued
$165.3 million in notes payable. The notes are stratified into seven different classes and pay
interest at a duration-weighted average rate of approximately 5.30%. The notes have a contractual
maturity date of July 2013 with respect to the Class A-1 notes; May 2018, with respect to the Class
A-2 notes; October 2021, with respect to the Class A-3 notes; and June 2036, with respect to the
Class A-4, Class M-1, Class M-2 and Class B notes. The outstanding balance on the 2005-A
securitization notes was approximately $108.3 million and $128.7 million at December 31, 2007 and
2006, respectively.
Securitization Financing 2005-B Securitization
On December 15, 2005, the Company completed a securitization of approximately $175.0 million
in principal balance of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a
financing. As part of the securitization the Company, through a special purpose entity, issued
$156.2 million in notes payable. The notes are stratified into eight different classes and pay
interest at a duration-weighted average rate of approximately 6.15%. The notes have a contractual
maturity date of February 2014 with respect to the Class A-1 notes; December 2018, with respect to
the Class A-2 notes; May 2022, with respect to the Class A-3 notes; and January 2037, with respect
to the Class A-4, Class M-1, Class M-2 , Class B-1 and B-2 notes. The outstanding balance on the
2005-B securitization notes was approximately $118.5 million and $137.5 million at December 31,
2007 and 2006, respectively.
Securitization Financing 2006-A Securitization
On August 25, 2006, the Company completed a securitization of approximately $224.2 million in
principal balance of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a
financing. As part of the securitization the Company, through a special purpose entity, issued
$200.6 million in notes payable. The notes are stratified into two different classes. The Class
A-1 notes pay interest at one month LIBOR plus 15 basis points and have a contractual maturity date
of November 15, 2018. The Class A-2 notes pay interest based on a rate established by the auction
agent at each rate determination date and have a contractual maturity date of October 2037.
Additional credit enhancement was provided through the issuance of a financial guaranty insurance
policy by Ambac Assurance Corporation. The outstanding balance on the 2006-A securitization notes
was approximately $169.4 million and $191.0 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Securitization Financing 2007-A Securitization
On May 2, 2007, the Company completed a securitization of approximately $200.4 million in
principal balance
62
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a
financing. As part of the securitization the
Company, through a special purpose entity, issued $184.4 million in notes payable. The notes are
stratified into two different classes. The Class A-1 notes pay interest at one month LIBOR plus 19
basis points and have a contractual maturity date of April 2037. The Class A-2 notes pay interest
based on a rate established by the auction agent at each rate determination date and have a
contractual maturity date of April 2037. Additional credit enhancement was provided through the
issuance of a financial guaranty insurance policy by Ambac Assurance Corporation. The outstanding
balance on the 2007-A securitization notes was approximately $171.6 million and $0 at December 31,
2007 and 2006, respectively.
Securitization Financing 2007-B Securitization
On October 16, 2007, the Company completed a securitization of approximately $140.0 million in
principal balance of manufactured housing loans. The securitization was accounted for as a
financing. As part of the securitization the Company, through a special purpose entity, issued
$126.7 million of a single AAA rated floating rate class of asset-backed notes to a single
qualified institutional buyer pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933. The notes pay
interest at one month LIBOR plus 120 basis points and have a contractual maturity date of September
2037. Additional credit enhancement was provided by a guaranty from Ambac Assurance Corporation.
The outstanding balance on the 2007-B securitization notes was approximately $124.8 million and $0
at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Repurchase Agreements Citigroup
The
Company had entered into four repurchase agreements with Citigroup. Three of the
repurchase agreements are for the purpose of financing the purchase of investments in three asset
backed securities with principal balances of $32.0 million, $3.1 million and $3.7 million
respectively. The fourth repurchase agreement is for the purpose of financing a portion of the
Companys residual interest in the 2004-B securitization with a principal balance of $4.0 million.
Under the terms of the agreements, the Company sells its interest in the securities with an
agreement to repurchase them at a predetermined future date at the principal amount sold plus an
interest component. Prior to June 30, 2007, the securities were financed at an amount equal to 75%
of their value as determined by Citigroup. As of December 31, 2007, the securities were financed at
an amount equal to 65%-75% of their value as determined by Citigroup. Typically the repurchase
agreements are rolled over for 30 day periods when they expire. The annual interest rates on the
agreements are equal to LIBOR plus a spread. The repurchase agreements had outstanding principal
balances of approximately $12.7 million, $1.5 million, $1.7 million and $1.8 million, respectively,
at December 31, 2007 and $16.8 million, $1.7 million, $2.1 million and $3.0 million, respectively,
at December 31, 2006. In February 2008 these repurchase agreements were not renewed (See Note 3
Investments and Note 21 Subsequent Events for further discussion).
Notes Payable Related Party
The Company, through its primary operating subsidiary Origen Financial L.L.C., currently has a
$15 million secured financing arrangement with the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04 (the
Lender), an affiliate of one of the Companys principal stockholders (the Bridge Financing).
The Lender is a grantor revocable trust established by William M. Davidson as the grantor. Mr.
Davidson is the sole member of Woodward Holding, LLC, which owns approximately 6.8% of the
Companys common stock. The sole manager of Woodward Holding, LLC is the Chairman of the Origen
Board of Directors. The Bridge Financing includes a senior secured promissory note (the Note) and
a senior secured convertible promissory note (the Convertible Note). The Note and the
Convertible Note are each one-year secured notes bearing interest at 8% per year and are secured by
a portion of the Companys rights to receive servicing fees on its loan servicing portfolio. The
Note, which has an original principal amount of $10 million, and the Convertible Note, which has an
original principal amount of $5 million, are each due on September 11, 2008. The term of the Note
and the Convertible Note may be extended up to 120 days with the payment of additional fees. The
Convertible Note may be converted at the option of the Lender into shares of the Companys common
stock at a conversion price of $6.237 per share. In connection with the Bridge Financing, the
Company issued a stock purchase warrant to the Lender. The stock purchase warrant is a five-year
warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of the Companys common stock at an exercise price of $6.16 per
share. The Note and the Convertible Note had an aggregate outstanding balance of $14.6 million at
December 31, 2007, net of the
unamortized discount related to the fair value of the warrants. There was no outstanding balance at
December 31, 2006.
63
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Notes Payable Servicing Advances
The Company previously had a revolving credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Under
the terms of the facility, which was terminated by the Company in September 2007, the Company could
borrow up to $4.0 million for the purpose of funding required principal and interest advances on
manufactured housing loans that were serviced for outside investors. Borrowings under the facility
were repaid upon the collection by the Company of monthly payments made by borrowers under such
manufactured housing loans. The banks prime interest rate was payable on the outstanding balance.
To secure the loan, the Company had granted JPMorgan Chase a security interest in substantially all
its assets excluding securitized assets. All liens were released as of the termination of the
facility. The outstanding balance on the facility at December 31, 2006 was $2.2 million.
The average balance and average interest rate of outstanding debt was as follows at December
31 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
|
Average |
|
Average |
|
Average |
|
Average |
|
|
Balance |
|
Rate |
|
Balance |
|
Rate |
Warehouse financing Citigroup (1) |
|
$ |
170,002 |
|
|
|
7.2 |
% |
|
$ |
120,649 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
% |
Securitization financing 2004-A securitization |
|
|
104,871 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
% |
|
|
126,655 |
|
|
|
5.4 |
% |
Securitization financing 2004-B securitization |
|
|
106,089 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
% |
|
|
125,849 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
% |
Securitization financing 2005-A securitization |
|
|
118,918 |
|
|
|
5.4 |
% |
|
|
139,842 |
|
|
|
5.2 |
% |
Securitization financing 2005-B securitization |
|
|
128,903 |
|
|
|
5.8 |
% |
|
|
146,178 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
% |
Securitization financing 2006-A securitization |
|
|
181,267 |
|
|
|
6.0 |
% |
|
|
69,158 |
|
|
|
6.0 |
% |
Securitization financing 2007-A securitization |
|
|
119,196 |
|
|
|
5.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securitization financing 2007-B securitization |
|
|
26,561 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase agreements Citigroup |
|
|
20,811 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
% |
|
|
23,582 |
|
|
|
5.9 |
% |
Notes payable related party (2) |
|
|
4,433 |
|
|
|
12.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes payable servicing advances (3) |
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
14.0 |
% |
|
|
447 |
|
|
|
9.4 |
% |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Included facility fees. |
|
(2) |
|
Includes the amortization of the fair value of the related stock purchase warrants. |
|
(3) |
|
Includes non-use fees. |
At December 31, 2007, the total of maturities and amortization of debt during the next five
years and thereafter are approximately as follows: 2008 $294.8 million; 2009 $158.6 million;
2010 $97.3 million; 2011 $83.2 million; 2012 $71.0 million and $385.1 million thereafter.
Note 12 Employee Benefits
The Company maintains a 401(k) plan covering substantially all employees who meet certain
minimum requirements. Participating employees can make salary contributions to the plan up to
Internal Revenue Code limits. The Company matches $1.00 for each dollar contributed by each
eligible participant in the plan up to the first 1% of each eligible participants annual
compensation and $0.50 for each dollar contributed by each eligible participant in the plan up to
the next 5% of each eligible participants annual compensation. The Companys related expense was
approximately $350,000, $333,000 and $151,000, respectively for the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and 2005.
64
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 13 Share-Based Compensation Plan
The Companys equity incentive plan has approximately 1.8 million shares of common stock
reserved for issuance as either stock options or non-vested stock grants. As of December 31, 2007,
approximately 218,000 shares of common stock remained available for issuance, as either stock
options or non-vested stock grants, under the plan. The compensation cost that has been charged
against income for those plans was $1.6 million, $1.7 million and $2.5 million for the years ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Stock Options
Under the plan, the exercise price of the options will not be less than the fair market value
of the common stock on the date of grant. The date on which the options are first exercisable is
determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors as the administrator of the
Companys equity incentive plan, and options that have been issued to date generally vested over a
two-year period, have 10-year contractual terms and a 5-year expected option term. The Company
does not pay dividends or make distributions on unexercised options. As of December 31, 2007 there
was $14,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options granted under the
equity incentive plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of
1.0 year.
There were no stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 or 2005. No
stock options were exercised during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 or 2005. The following
table summarizes the activity relating to the Companys stock options for the year ended December
31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Average Remaining |
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
|
Options |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Term |
|
Options outstanding at January 1, 2007 |
|
|
243,500 |
|
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
Granted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(41,500 |
) |
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
|
6.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding at December 31, 2007 |
|
|
202,000 |
|
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
|
5.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable at December 31, 2007 |
|
|
202,000 |
|
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
|
5.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if the Company
had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 to options granted under the
Companys equity incentive plan for the year ended December 31, 2005. Note that the pro forma
disclosures are provided for 2005 because employee stock options were not accounted for using the
fair-value method during those periods. Disclosures for 2007 and 2006 are not presented below
because share-based payments have been accounted for under SFAS 123(R)s fair-value method. For
purposes of this pro forma disclosure, the value of the options is estimated using a binomial
option-pricing model.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended |
|
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
Net loss available to common shareholders |
|
$ |
(2,675 |
) |
Stock option compensation cost |
|
$ |
(21 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net loss available to common shareholders |
|
$ |
(2,696 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Basic loss per share as reported |
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Pro forma basic loss per share |
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Diluted loss per share as reported |
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Pro forma diluted loss per share |
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
65
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Non-Vested Stock Awards
The Company grants non-vested stock awards to certain directors, officers and employees under
the equity incentive plan. The grantees of the non-vested stock awards are entitled to receive all
dividends and other distributions paid with respect to the common shares of the Company underlying
such non-vested stock awards at the time such dividends or distributions are paid to holders of
common shares.
The Company recognizes compensation expense for outstanding non-vested stock awards over their
vesting periods for an amount equal to the fair value of the non-vested stock awards at grant date.
As of December 31, 2007 there was $3.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to
non-vested stock awards granted under the equity incentive plan. That cost is expected to be
recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 years
The following table summarizes the activity relating to the Companys non-vested stock awards
for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
Non-Vested |
|
|
Grant Date |
|
|
|
Stock Awards |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
Non-vested at January 1, 2007 |
|
|
661,843 |
|
|
$ |
6.48 |
|
Granted |
|
|
157,000 |
|
|
|
6.60 |
|
Vested |
|
|
(207,359 |
) |
|
|
6.68 |
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(5,567 |
) |
|
|
6.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-vested at December 31, 2007 |
|
|
605,917 |
|
|
$ |
6.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note 14 Stockholders Equity
Effective January 1, 2004, the Company sold 125 shares of its Series A Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Stock directly to 125 investors at a per share price of $1,000. The transaction resulted
in net proceeds to the Company of $95,000. These shares pay dividends quarterly at an annual rate
of 12.5%.
On October 8, 2003, the Company completed a private placement of $150.0 million of our common
stock to certain institutional and accredited investors.
On February 4, 2004, the Company completed a private placement of 1,000,000 shares of its
common stock to one institutional investor. The offering provided net proceeds to the Company of
approximately $9.4 million.
On May 6, 2004, the Company completed an initial public offering of 8.0 million shares of its
common stock. In June 2004 the underwriters of the initial public offering purchased an additional
625,900 shares of the Companys common stock pursuant to an underwriters over-allotment option.
Net proceeds from these transactions were $72.2 million after discount and expenses.
In September 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission declared effective the Companys
shelf registration statement on Form S-3 for the proposed offering, from time to time, of up to
$200 million of our common stock, preferred stock and debt securities. In addition to such debt
securities, preferred stock and other common stock the Company may sell under the registration
statement from time to time, the Company has registered for sale 1,540,000 shares of our common
stock pursuant to a sales agreement that we have entered into with Brinson Patrick Securities
Corporation. Sales under the agreement commenced on June 5, 2007. The Company sold 50,063 shares
of common stock under the sales agreement with Brinson Patrick Securities Corporation during the
year ended December 31, 2007, at the price of the Companys common stock prevailing at the time of
each sale. The Company received proceeds, net of commissions, of $296,000 during the year ended
December 31, 2007, as a result of these sales. There were no sales under this agreement during
the years ended December 31, 2006 or 2005.
In conjunction with the Bridge Financing (See Note 11) the Company issued a stock purchase
warrant to the Lender (as defined in Note 11). The stock purchase warrant is a five-year warrant to
purchase 500,000 shares of the
66
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Companys common stock at an exercise price of $6.16 per share. The warrant expires on
September 11, 2012. As of September 11, 2007, the warrants are valued at $587,000 using a Cox,
Ross and Rubinstein lattice based pricing model. This amount has been recorded as an increase in
additional paid-in-capital and as a discount on notes payable in the Companys consolidated balance
sheet. The amortization of the discount will be recorded as an increase in interest expense over
the life of the notes payable. Interest expense of $180,000 was recorded during the year ended
December 31, 2007 as a result of the amortization of the fair value of the stock purchase warrant.
Data pertaining to the Companys grants of non-vested shares awarded to certain directors,
officers and employees under the Companys equity incentive plan for the years ended December 31,
2007, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grant Date |
|
Shares Granted |
|
Grant Date Fair Value per share |
May 8, 2007 |
|
|
46,500 |
|
|
$ |
7.06 |
|
August 29, 2007 |
|
|
110,500 |
|
|
$ |
6.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 15, 2006 |
|
|
215,000 |
|
|
$ |
6.15 |
|
July 14, 2006 |
|
|
175,000 |
|
|
$ |
6.16 |
|
December 28, 2006 |
|
|
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
6.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
May 8, 2005 |
|
|
299,000 |
|
|
$ |
7.21 |
|
October 26, 2005 |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
$ |
7.06 |
|
There were stock award share forfeitures of 5,567, 8,501 and 8,334 during the years ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. There were 207,359, 222,669 and 254,160 stock
award shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Compensation expense related to these stock awards is being recognized over their estimated service
period. Compensation cost recognized for the non-vested stock awards was approximately $1.6
million, $1.7 million and $2.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. Compensation expense to be recognized related to these awards over the next twelve
months is expected to be approximately $1.2 million.
Data pertaining to the Companys distributions declared and paid to common stockholders during
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution per |
|
|
Declaration Date |
|
Record Date |
|
Date Paid |
|
Share |
|
Total Distribution |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(thousands) |
March 1, 2007 |
|
March 26, 2007 |
|
April 2, 2007 |
|
$0.04 |
|
$1,035 |
May 3, 2007 |
|
May 18, 2007 |
|
May 31, 2007 |
|
$0.06 |
|
$1,552 |
July 31, 2007 |
|
August 16, 2007 |
|
August 31, 2007 |
|
$0.08 |
|
$2,070 |
October 22, 2007 |
|
November 19, 2007 |
|
November 31, 2007 |
|
$0.09 |
|
$2,341 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
April 27, 2006 |
|
May 19, 2006 |
|
May 31, 2006 |
|
$0.03 |
|
$761 |
August 7, 2006 |
|
August 18, 2006 |
|
August 31, 2006 |
|
$0.03 |
|
$773 |
November 2, 2006 |
|
November 13, 2006 |
|
November 30, 2006 |
|
$0.03 |
|
$773 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 14, 2005 |
|
March 24, 2005 |
|
March 31, 2005 |
|
$0.04 |
|
$1,008 |
April 27, 2005 |
|
May 25, 2005 |
|
May 31, 2005 |
|
$0.06 |
|
$1,528 |
July 18, 2005 |
|
August 22, 2005 |
|
August 31, 2005 |
|
$0.06 |
|
$1,528 |
October 26, 2005 |
|
November 21, 2005 |
|
November 30, 2005 |
|
$0.06 |
|
$1,528 |
Note 15 Income Taxes
The Companys provision for income taxes was $60,000 and $24,000 for the years ended December
31, 2007 and 2006, and related to current income taxes. The Company had no provision for income
taxes during the year ended December 31, 2005.
67
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the
deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31 are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of intangibles |
|
$ |
3,788 |
|
|
$ |
751 |
|
Net operating loss carryforwards |
|
|
1,370 |
|
|
|
1,000 |
|
Other |
|
|
461 |
|
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross deferred tax assets |
|
|
5,619 |
|
|
|
2,051 |
|
Less: valuation allowance |
|
|
(5,245 |
) |
|
|
(419 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
374 |
|
|
|
1,632 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of intangibles |
|
|
371 |
|
|
|
1,354 |
|
Other |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
278 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
374 |
|
|
|
1,632 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred tax asset |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company recognizes all of its deferred tax assets if it believes that it is more likely
than not, given all available evidence, that all of the benefits of the net operating loss
carryforwards and other deferred tax assets will be realized. The Company recorded a valuation
allowance of $5.2 million and $0.4 million as December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, associated
with the amortization of intangibles and net operating loss carryforwards for which management
believes, based on the available evidence, is more likely than not that the Company will not
realize the benefit. Management believes that, based on the available evidence, it is more likely
than not that the Company will realize the benefit from its remaining deferred tax assets. As of
December 31, 2007 the Companys total net operating loss carryforwards were approximately $4.0
million and are scheduled to expire in 2023 through 2026.
For income tax purposes, distributions paid to common stockholders consist of ordinary income
and return of capital. Distributions paid were taxable as follows for the years ended December 31
(dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percentage |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percentage |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Percentage |
|
Ordinary income |
|
$ |
6,997 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
2,182 |
|
|
|
94.5 |
% |
|
$ |
1,242 |
|
|
|
22.2 |
% |
Return of capital |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
|
|
127 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
|
4,350 |
|
|
|
77.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
6,997 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
2,309 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
5,592 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A portion of the Companys income from a qualified REIT subsidiary that would otherwise be
classified as a taxable mortgage pool, may be treated as excess inclusion income, which would be
subject to the distribution requirements that apply to the Company and could therefore adversely
affect its liquidity. Generally, a stockholders share of excess inclusion income would not be
allowed to be offset by any operating losses otherwise available to the stockholder. Tax exempt
entities that own shares in a REIT must treat their allocable share of excess inclusion income as
unrelated business taxable income. Any portion of a REIT dividend paid to foreign stockholders that
is allocable to excess inclusion income will not be eligible for exemption from the 30% withholding
tax (or reduced treaty rate) on dividend income. For the year ended December 31, 2007,
approximately 3.5% of distributions paid represented excess inclusion income.
Note 16 Liquidity Risks and Uncertainties
The risks associated with the Companys business become more acute in any economic slowdown or
recession. Periods of economic slowdown or recession may be accompanied by decreased demand for
consumer credit and declining asset values. In the manufactured housing business, any material
decline in collateral values increases the loan-to-value ratios of loans previously made, thereby
weakening collateral coverage and increasing the size of losses in the event of default.
Delinquencies, repossessions, foreclosures and losses generally increase during economic slowdowns
or recessions. For the Companys finance customers, loss of employment, increases in cost-of-living
or other adverse economic conditions would impair their ability to meet their payment obligations.
Higher industry inventory levels of repossessed manufactured houses may affect recovery rates and
result in future
68
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
impairment charges and provision for losses. In addition, in an economic slowdown or
recession, servicing and litigation costs generally increase. Any sustained period of increased
delinquencies, repossessions, foreclosures, losses or increased costs would adversely affect the
Companys financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. We bear the risk of
delinquency and default on securitized loans in which we have a residual or retained ownership
interest. We also reacquire the risks of delinquency and default for loans that we are obligated to
repurchase. Repurchase obligations are typically triggered in sales or securitizations if the loan
materially violates our representations or warranties. If we experience higher-than-expected levels
of delinquency or default in pools of loans that we service, resulting in higher-than-anticipated
losses, our servicing rights may be terminated, which would result in a loss of future servicing
income.
The availability of sufficient sources of capital to allow the Company to continue its
operations is dependent on numerous factors, many of which are outside its control. Relatively
small amounts of capital are required for the Companys ongoing operations and cash generated from
operations should be adequate to fund the continued operations.
The Companys ability to obtain funding from operations may be adversely impacted by, among
other things, market and economic conditions in the manufactured housing financing markets
generally, including decreased sales of manufactured houses. The ability to obtain funding from
sales of securities or debt financing arrangements may be adversely impacted by, among other
things, market and economic conditions in the manufactured housing financing markets generally and
the Companys financial condition and prospects.
The Companys supplemental advance facility expired in March 2008 and has been extended until
June 13, 2008. As of March 14, 2008, $46 million was outstanding under the supplemental advance
facility. As of March 14, 2008, $15 million was outstanding under the Bridge Financing described
under Item 1 Business Recent Developments Bridge Financing). The Company is seeking
alternative means to satisfy its obligations under these facilities, which may include cash from
operations, asset sales, re-financing arrangements, and issuances of convertible debt or equity.
The Companys audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, were
prepared under the assumption that the Company will continue its operations as a going concern. The
Companys registered independent accountants in their audit report have expressed substantial doubt
about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. Continued operations depend on the
Companys ability to meet its existing debt obligations. Based on the intrinsic value of the
Companys assets and discussions the Company has had with third parties about possible strategic
alternatives, the Company believes it will be able to raise the additional funds it needs on a
timely basis, but such funds may not be available or may not be available on reasonable terms.
Note 17 Lease Commitments
The Company leases office facilities and equipment under leasing agreements that expire at
various dates. These leases generally contain scheduled rent increases or escalation clauses and/or
renewal options. Future minimum rental payments under agreements classified as operating leases
with non-cancellable terms at December 31, 2007 were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
$ |
1,126 |
|
2009 |
|
|
1,124 |
|
2010 |
|
|
1,027 |
|
2011 |
|
|
796 |
|
2012 |
|
|
197 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
4,270 |
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, rental and operating lease expense
amounted to approximately $1.4 million, $1.3 million and $1.1 million, respectively. The Company
did not pay any contingent rental expense and received $0.1 million in sublease income during the
year ended December 31, 2007. The Company did not pay any contingent rental expense nor receive any
sublease income during the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
Note 18 Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 107 Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial
Instruments, requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or
not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate such value. In cases
where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present
value or other valuation techniques.
The following table shows the carrying amount and estimated fair values of the Companys
financial instruments
69
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
at December 31 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Carrying |
|
Fair |
|
Carrying |
|
Fair |
|
|
Amount |
|
Value |
|
Amount |
|
Value |
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents (1) |
|
$ |
10,791 |
|
|
$ |
10,791 |
|
|
$ |
2,566 |
|
|
$ |
2,566 |
|
Restricted cash (1) |
|
|
16,290 |
|
|
|
16,290 |
|
|
|
15,412 |
|
|
|
15,412 |
|
Investments (2) |
|
|
32,393 |
|
|
|
33,148 |
|
|
|
41,538 |
|
|
|
41,538 |
|
Loans receivable (3) |
|
|
1,193,916 |
|
|
|
1,144,039 |
|
|
|
950,226 |
|
|
|
990,237 |
|
Servicing rights (4) |
|
|
2,146 |
|
|
|
2,846 |
|
|
|
2,508 |
|
|
|
2,508 |
|
Liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warehouse financing (5) |
|
|
173,072 |
|
|
|
173,072 |
|
|
|
131,520 |
|
|
|
131,520 |
|
Securitization financing (6) |
|
|
884,650 |
|
|
|
874,107 |
|
|
|
685,013 |
|
|
|
675,483 |
|
Repurchase agreements (5) |
|
|
17,653 |
|
|
|
17,653 |
|
|
|
23,582 |
|
|
|
23,582 |
|
Note payables related party (5) |
|
|
14,593 |
|
|
|
14,593 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note payables servicing advances (5) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,185 |
|
|
|
2,185 |
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (7) |
|
|
45,843 |
|
|
|
45,843 |
|
|
|
26,303 |
|
|
|
26,303 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are reasonable
estimates of their fair value. |
|
(2) |
|
The fair value of the Companys investments is based on market prices for investments
classified as available-for-sale. The fair value of investments classified as
held-to-maturity and investments accounted for under the provisions of SOP 03-3 is based on
the discounted value of the remaining principal and interest cash flows. |
|
(3) |
|
The fair value of the Companys loans receivable is based on the discounted value of
the remaining principal and interest cash flows. |
|
(4) |
|
The fair value of the Companys servicing rights is based on internal evaluation based
on the discounted value of remaining servicing rights cash flows. |
|
(5) |
|
The fair value of the Companys debt, other than securitization financing, is based on
its carrying amount. |
|
(6) |
|
The fair value of the Companys securitization financing is estimated using quoted
market prices for the exact or similar securities. |
|
(7) |
|
Due to their short maturity, accounts payable and accrued expense carrying values
approximate fair value. |
Note 19 Related Party Transactions
Gary A. Shiffman, one of the Companys directors, is the Chairman of the Board, President and
Chief Executive Officer of Sun Communities, Inc. (Sun Communities). Sun Communities owns
approximately 19% of the Companys outstanding common stock. Mr. Shiffman beneficially owns
approximately 19% of the Companys outstanding stock, which amount includes his deemed beneficial
ownership of the stock owned by Sun Communities. Mr. Shiffman and his affiliates beneficially own
approximately 11% of the outstanding common stock of Sun Communities. He is the President of Sun
Home Services, Inc. (Sun Home), of which Sun Communities is the sole beneficial owner.
Origen Servicing, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Origen Financial L.L.C., serviced
approximately $30.6 million and $20.7 million in manufactured housing loans for Sun Home as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Servicing fees paid by Sun Home to Origen Servicing, Inc.
were approximately $0.4 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million during the years ended December 31,
2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The Company has agreed to fund loans that meet Sun Homes underwriting guidelines and then
transfer those loans to Sun Home pursuant to a commitment fee arrangement. The Company recognizes
no gain or loss on the transfer of these loans. The Company funded approximately $13.2 million,
$8.0 million and $7.2 million in loans and transferred approximately $13.3 million, $7.9 million
and $7.2 million in loans under this agreement during the three years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005, respectively. The Company recognized fee income under this agreement of approximately
$182,000, $160,000 and $94,000 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005.
Sun Home has purchased certain repossessed houses owned by the Company and located in
manufactured housing communities owned by Sun Communities, subject to Sun Homes prior approval.
Under this agreement, the Company sold to Sun Home approximately $1.1 million, $1.2 million and
$2.1 million of repossessed houses during years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. This program allows the Company to further enhance recoveries on repossessed houses
and allows Sun Home to retain houses for resale in its communities.
70
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
During the year ended December 31, 2006, Origen Financial L.L.C. repurchased approximately
$4.2 million in loans from Sun Homes. The purchase price, which included a premium of
approximately $20,000, approximated fair value. The Company did not purchase any loans from Sun
Communities or its affiliates during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2005.
The Company leases its executive offices in Southfield, Michigan from an entity in which Mr.
Shiffman and certain of his affiliates beneficially own approximately a 21% interest. Ronald A.
Klein, a director and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, owns less than a 1% interest in
the landlord entity. William M. Davidson, the sole member of Woodward Holding, LLC, which owns
approximately 7% of the Companys common stock, beneficially owns an approximate 14% interest in
the landlord entity. The Company recorded rental expense for these offices of approximately
$567,000, $465,000 and $408,000 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The Company, through its primary operating subsidiary Origen Financial L.L.C., currently has a
$15 million secured financing arrangement with the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04, an
affiliate of William M. Davidson, one of the Companys principal stockholders. See Note 11
Debt under the subheading Notes Payable Related Party for further discussion of this
arrangement.
Note 20 Selected Quarterly Financial Data (UNAUDITED)
Selected unaudited quarterly financial data for 2007 is as follows (in thousands, except share
data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended |
|
|
December 31 |
|
September 30 |
|
June 30 |
|
March 31 |
Net interest income before loan losses |
|
$ |
7,943 |
|
|
$ |
8,028 |
|
|
$ |
8,494 |
|
|
$ |
7,904 |
|
Provision for loan losses |
|
|
2,954 |
|
|
|
2,191 |
|
|
|
1,806 |
|
|
|
1,788 |
|
Non interest income |
|
|
6,112 |
|
|
|
5,632 |
|
|
|
5,403 |
|
|
|
4,893 |
|
Non interest expense |
|
|
50,129 |
|
|
|
8,690 |
|
|
|
9,266 |
|
|
|
9,292 |
|
Net income (loss) before income taxes |
|
|
(39,028 |
) |
|
|
2,779 |
|
|
|
2,825 |
|
|
|
1,717 |
|
Income tax expense (benefit) |
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
12 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
|
(39,131 |
) |
|
|
2,830 |
|
|
|
2,829 |
|
|
|
1,705 |
|
Earnings (losses) per common share basic and diluted (1) |
|
$ |
(1.54 |
) |
|
$ |
0.11 |
|
|
$ |
0.11 |
|
|
$ |
0.07 |
|
Selected unaudited quarterly financial data for 2006 is as follows (in thousands, except share
data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended |
|
|
December 31 |
|
September 30 |
|
June 30 |
|
March 31 |
Net interest income before loan losses and impairment |
|
$ |
8,053 |
|
|
$ |
7,356 |
|
|
$ |
7,775 |
|
|
$ |
7,613 |
|
Provision for loan losses and impairment |
|
|
2,630 |
|
|
|
1,598 |
|
|
|
1,201 |
|
|
|
2,125 |
|
Non interest income |
|
|
5,037 |
|
|
|
4,362 |
|
|
|
4,209 |
|
|
|
4,179 |
|
Non interest expense |
|
|
8,403 |
|
|
|
8,366 |
|
|
|
8,779 |
|
|
|
8,533 |
|
Net income before income taxes and cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle |
|
|
2,057 |
|
|
|
1,754 |
|
|
|
2,004 |
|
|
|
1,134 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle |
|
|
2,033 |
|
|
|
1,754 |
|
|
|
2,004 |
|
|
|
1,134 |
|
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
46 |
|
Net income |
|
|
2,033 |
|
|
|
1,754 |
|
|
|
2,004 |
|
|
|
1,180 |
|
Earnings per common share before cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle basic and diluted (1) |
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
$ |
0.07 |
|
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
Earnings per common share basic and diluted (1) |
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
$ |
0.07 |
|
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Quarterly and year-to-date computations of per share amounts are made independently;
therefore, the sum of per share amounts for the quarters may not equal per share amounts for
the year. |
Note 21 Subsequent Events
In February 2008 the Companys four outstanding repurchase agreements with Citigroup were not
renewed (See Note 11 Debt). To satisfy the
obligations due Citigroup under these agreements, the Company sold one of its
asset backed securities which was financed through one of the repurchase agreements. The asset
backed security that was sold had a carrying value of $22.5 million as of the February 2008 sale
date. Proceeds of $22.5 million were primarily used to repay $19.6 million outstanding under the
repurchase agreements.
71
Origen Financial, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
On
March 14, 2008, the Companys warehouse financing facility with Citigroup matured. The Company
completed a sale of its unsecuritized manufactured whole loan portfolio, the proceeds of which were
used primarily to pay off the warehouse financing facility. The
Company recorded a loss, net of related allowance for loan losses, of
approximately $20.7 million as a result of this loan sale. Additionally, as a result of the loan
sale, the Company no longer expects to complete its anticipated 2008-A securitization and has
discontinued hedge accounting for the two interest rate swaps accounted for as hedges of the
anticipated 2008-A transaction. The interest rate swap agreements were terminated on March 14,
2008 and a loss of $4.2 million was recorded in the Companys first quarter 2008 earnings.
Because of the absence of a profitable exit in the securitization market and reduced pricing
in the whole loan market, in March 2008 the Company suspended originating loans for its own account
until these markets recover.
On March 14, 2008, the Companys supplemental advance credit facility secured by a pledge of
the Companys residual interests in its securitizations was extended until June 13, 2008. As of
March 14, 2008, the amount outstanding under such facility was $46 million.
On March 13, 2008, the Company decreased its work force by 16% to reduce costs that were
associated with originating loans for its own account.
72
|
|
|
ITEM 9. |
|
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE |
Not applicable.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosures Controls and Procedures
Our management, including our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has determined that during the quarter ended December 31,
2007, there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that materially
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial
reporting. It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can
provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system will be met.
In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the
likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent limitations of control systems,
there is only reasonable assurance that our controls will succeed in achieving their goals under
all potential future conditions.
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the design and
operation of our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of December 31, 2007. This
conclusion is based on an evaluation conducted under the supervision and with the participation of
management. Disclosure controls and procedures are those controls and procedures which ensure that
information required to be disclosed in our filings is recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations,
and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, in order to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosures.
Managements Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
Our management
is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control
over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or
detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject
to the risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the
degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management
assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2007. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal
Control-Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment, management believes that, as of
December 31, 2007, our internal control over financial reporting is effective.
Our
independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on our
internal control over financial reporting. This report is included in this annual report on
Form 10-K.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
The information required by Items 10-14 will be included in our proxy statement for our 2008
Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and is incorporated by reference herein.
73
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) The following documents are filed herewith as part of this Form 10-K:
|
(1) |
|
The following financial statements are set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this
report |
|
|
|
|
|
Page |
|
|
41 |
|
|
43 |
|
|
44 |
|
|
45 |
|
|
46 |
|
|
47 |
|
|
48 |
|
(2) |
|
Not applicable |
|
|
(3) |
|
A list of the exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K to be filed as a
part of this Form 10-K is shown on the Exhibit Index filed herewith. |
74
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized.
Date: March 17, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
ORIGEN FINANCIAL, INC., a
Delaware corporation
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Ronald A. Klein
|
|
|
|
Ronald A. Klein, Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on
Form 10-K has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Ronald A. Klein
Ronald A, Klein
|
|
Chief Executive Officer and Director
|
|
March 17, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ W. Anderson Geater, Jr.
W. Anderson Geater, Jr.
|
|
Chief Financial Officer and Principal
Accounting Officer
|
|
March 17, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Paul A. Halpern
Paul A. Halpern
|
|
Chairman of the Board |
|
March 17, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Robert S. Sher
Robert S. Sher
|
|
Director
|
|
March 17, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Gary A. Shiffman
Gary A. Shiffman
|
|
Director
|
|
March 17, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Michael J. Wechsler
Michael J. Wechsler
|
|
Director
|
|
March 17, 2008 |
75
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
|
Method of |
Number |
|
Description |
|
Filing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
Sales Agreement dated August 29, 2005 between Origen Financial, Inc., and Brinson
Patrick Securities Corporation
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1.1
|
|
Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Origen Financial, Inc.,
filed October 7, 2003, and currently in effect
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1.2
|
|
Certificate of Designations for Origen Financial, Inc.s Series A Cumulative
Redeemable Preferred Stock
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2.1
|
|
By-laws of Origen Financial, Inc.
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2.2
|
|
Amendments to the Bylaws of Origen Financial, Inc. effective December 15, 2006
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Form of Common Stock Certificate
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 8, 2003 among Origen Financial,
Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., on behalf of itself and as agent for the investors
listed on Schedule A thereto and those persons listed on Schedule B thereto
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of February 4, 2004 between Origen Financial,
Inc. and DB Structured Finance Americas, LLC
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Form of Senior Indenture
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
Form of Subordinated Indenture
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
Stock Purchase Warrant dated September 11, 2007 issued by Origen Financial, Inc. in
favor of the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement dated September 11, 2007 between Origen Financial,
Inc. and the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
2003 Equity Incentive Plan of Origen Financial, Inc.#
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
First Amendment to 2003 Equity Incentive Plan of Origen Financial, Inc.#
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement#
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement#
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
Employment Agreement dated July 14, 2006 among Origen Financial, Inc., Origen
Financial L.L.C. and Ronald A. Klein#
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
Employment Agreement dated December 28, 2006 among Origen Financial, Inc., Origen
Financial L.L.C. and W. Anderson Geater, Jr. #
|
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.7
|
|
Employment Agreement dated December 28, 2006 among Origen Financial, Inc., Origen
Financial L.L.C. and Mark Landschulz #
|
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.8
|
|
Employment Agreement dated December 28, 2006 among Origen Financial, Inc., Origen
Financial L.L.C. and J. Peter Scherer #
|
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.9
|
|
Employment Agreement between Origen Financial, Inc., Origen Financial L.L.C. and
Benton Sergi#
|
|
|
(8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.10
|
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. Endorsement Split-Dollar Plan dated November 14, 2003#
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.11
|
|
Origen Financial L.L.C. Capital Accumulation Plan#
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.12
|
|
First Amendment to Origen Financial L.L.C. Capital Accumulation Plan#
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.13
|
|
Services and Interest Rebate Agreement dated October 8, 2003 between Origen
Financial L.L.C. and Sun Communities, Inc.
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.14
|
|
Lease dated October 18, 2002 between American Center LLC and Origen Financial L.L.C.
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.15
|
|
Agency Agreement between American Modern Home Insurance Company, American Family
Home Insurance Company and OF Insurance Agency, Inc. dated December 31, 2003
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
76
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
|
Method of |
Number |
|
Description |
|
Filing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.16
|
|
Origen Financial, Inc. Retention Plan dated June 15, 2006
|
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.17
|
|
Senior Secured Loan Agreement dated September 11, 2007 between Origen Financial
L.L.C. and the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.18
|
|
Security Agreement dated September 11, 2007 among Origen Financial L.L.C., Origen
Servicing, Inc. and the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.19
|
|
Senior Secured Promissory Note dated September 11, 2007 issued by Origen Financial
L.L.C. in favor of the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.20
|
|
Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Note dated September 11, 2007 issued by Origen
Financial L.L.C. in favor of the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.21
|
|
Guaranty dated September 11, 2007 issued by Origen Servicing, Inc. and Origen
Financial, Inc. in favor of the William M. Davidson Trust u/a/d 12/13/04
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21.1
|
|
List of Origen Financial, Inc.s Subsidiaries
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23.1
|
|
Consent of Grant Thornton LLP
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.1
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.2
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.1
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.1
|
|
Amended and Restated Charter of the Audit Committee of the Origen Financial, Inc.
Board of Directors
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.2
|
|
Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Origen Financial, Inc. Board of
Directors
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.3
|
|
Charter of the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Origen Financial, Inc.
Board of Directors
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.4
|
|
Charter of the Executive Committee of the Origen Financial, Inc. Board of Directors
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.5
|
|
Corporate Governance Guidelines
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.6
|
|
Code of Business Conduct
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99.7
|
|
Financial Code of Ethics
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Registration Statement on Form S-3 No.
33-127931. |
|
(2) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Registration Statement on Form S-11 No.
33-112516, as amended. |
|
(3) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 2005. |
|
(4) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Current Report on Form 8-K dated
December 15, 2006. |
|
(5) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended June 30, 2005. |
|
(6) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July
14, 2006 |
|
(7) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Current Report on Form 8-K dated
December 28, 2006 |
|
(8) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Amendment to Annual Report on Form
10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2004. |
|
(9) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 2004. |
|
(10) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 2005. |
|
(11) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 15, 2006. |
|
(12) |
|
Incorporated by reference to Origen Financial, Inc.s Current Report on Form 8-K dated
September 11, 2007. |
|
(13) |
|
Filed herewith. |
|
# |
|
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
77