Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

(Mark One)

 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2012

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM                  TO                 

Commission File Number: 001-33551

 

 

The Blackstone Group L.P.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   20-8875684

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

345 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10154

(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

(212) 583-5000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  x

   Accelerated filer  ¨

Non-accelerated filer  ¨

   Smaller reporting company  ¨

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

  

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The number of the Registrant’s voting common units representing limited partner interests outstanding as of April 27, 2012 was 410,249,947. The number of the Registrant’s non-voting common units representing limited partner interests outstanding as of April 27, 2012 was 101,334,234.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page  

PART I.

  

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

ITEM 1.

  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     4   
  

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — March 31, 2012 and 2011:

  
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011

     4   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011

     6   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011

     7   
  

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011

     8   
  

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

     10   

ITEM 1A.

  

UNAUDITED SUPPLEMENTAL PRESENTATION OF STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

     48   

ITEM 2.

  

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

     51   

ITEM 3.

  

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

     104   

ITEM 4.

  

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

     107   

PART II.

  

OTHER INFORMATION

  

ITEM 1.

  

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

     108   

ITEM 1A.

  

RISK FACTORS

     109   

ITEM 2.

  

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

     109   

ITEM 3.

  

DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

     110   

ITEM 4.

  

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

     110   

ITEM 5.

  

OTHER INFORMATION

     110   

ITEM 6.

  

EXHIBITS

     110   

SIGNATURES

     111   

Forward-Looking Statements

This report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 which reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, our operations and financial performance. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “outlook,” “believes,” “expects,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or the negative version of these words or other comparable words. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual outcomes or results to differ materially from those indicated in these statements. We believe these factors include but are not limited to those described under the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 and in this report, as such factors may be updated from time to time in our periodic filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this report and in our other periodic filings. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

 

 

 

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In this report, references to “Blackstone,” the “Partnership”, “we,” “us” or “our” refer to The Blackstone Group L.P. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this report to the ownership of Mr. Stephen A. Schwarzman, our founder, and other Blackstone personnel include the ownership of personal planning vehicles and family members of these individuals.

“Blackstone Funds,” “our funds” and “our investment funds” refer to the private equity funds, real estate funds, funds of hedge funds, credit-oriented funds, collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) vehicles, and closed-end mutual funds and management investment companies that are managed by Blackstone. “Our carry funds” refer to the private equity funds, real estate funds and certain of the credit-oriented funds (with multi-year drawdown, commitment-based structures that only pay carry on the realization of an investment) that are managed by Blackstone. Blackstone’s Private Equity segment comprises its management of private equity funds (including our sector and regional focused funds), which we refer to collectively as our Blackstone Capital Partners (“BCP”) funds, and certain multi-asset class investment funds. We refer to our real estate opportunistic funds as our Blackstone Real Estate Partners (“BREP”) funds and our real estate debt investment funds as our “BREDS” funds. “Our hedge funds” refer to our funds of hedge funds, certain of our real estate debt investment funds and certain other credit-oriented funds (including four publicly registered investment companies), which are managed by Blackstone.

“Assets under management” refers to the assets we manage. Our assets under management equals the sum of:

 

  (a) the fair value of the investments held by our carry funds plus the capital that we are entitled to call from investors in those funds pursuant to the terms of their capital commitments to those funds plus the fair value of co-investments managed by us,

 

  (b) the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, hedge funds, closed-end mutual funds and registered investment companies,

 

  (c) the fair value of assets we manage pursuant to separately managed accounts, and

 

  (d) the amount of capital raised for our CLOs.

Our carry funds are commitment-based drawdown structured funds that do not permit investors to redeem their interests at their election. Our funds of hedge funds and hedge funds generally have structures that afford an investor the right to withdraw or redeem their interests on a periodic basis (e.g., annually or quarterly), in most cases upon advance written notice, with the majority of our funds requiring from 60 days up to 95 days’ notice, depending on the fund and the liquidity profile of the underlying assets. Investment advisory agreements related to separately managed accounts may generally be terminated by an investor on 30 to 90 days’ notice.

“Fee-earning assets under management” refers to the assets we manage on which we derive management and / or performance fees. Our fee-earning assets under management equals the sum of:

 

  (a) for our Private Equity segment funds and carry funds in our Real Estate segment, which include certain real estate debt investment funds, the amount of capital commitments, remaining invested capital or par value of assets held, depending on the fee terms of the fund,

 

  (b) for our credit-oriented carry funds, the amount of remaining invested capital (which may include leverage) or net asset value, depending on the fee terms of the fund,

 

  (c) the remaining invested capital of co-investments managed by us on which we receive fees,

 

  (d) the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, hedge funds, certain credit-oriented closed-end registered investment companies, and our closed-end mutual funds,

 

  (e) the fair value of assets we manage pursuant to separately managed accounts,

 

  (f) the gross amount of underlying assets of our CLOs at cost, and

 

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  (g) the gross amount of assets (including leverage) for certain of our credit-oriented closed-end registered investment companies.

Our calculations of assets under management and fee-earning assets under management may differ from the calculations of other asset managers, and as a result this measure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other asset managers. In addition, our calculation of assets under management includes commitments to, and the fair value of, invested capital in our funds from Blackstone and our personnel, regardless of whether such commitments or invested capital are subject to fees. Our definitions of assets under management or fee-earning assets under management are not based on any definition of assets under management or fee-earning assets under management that is set forth in the agreements governing the investment funds that we manage.

For our carry funds, total assets under management includes the fair value of the investments held, whereas fee-earning assets under management includes the amount of capital commitments or the remaining amount of invested capital at cost depending on whether the investment period has or has not expired. As such, fee-earning assets under management may be greater than total assets under management when the aggregate fair value of the remaining investments is less than the cost of those investments.

This report does not constitute an offer of any Blackstone Fund.

 

3


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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit Data)

 

     March 31,
2012
     December 31,
2011
 

Assets

     

Cash and Cash Equivalents

   $ 391,304       $ 754,744   

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

     784,086         724,762   

Investments (including assets pledged of $187,884 and $101,298 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively)

     19,748,524         15,128,299   

Accounts Receivable

     576,566         406,140   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     83,761         139,485   

Due from Affiliates

     822,495         860,514   

Intangible Assets, Net

     689,565         595,488   

Goodwill

     1,703,602         1,703,602   

Other Assets

     455,888         337,396   

Deferred Tax Assets

     1,290,570         1,258,699   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 26,546,361       $ 21,909,129   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

     

Loans Payable

   $ 12,693,529       $ 8,867,568   

Due to Affiliates

     1,723,993         1,811,468   

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

     820,683         903,260   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     82,733         143,825   

Repurchase Agreements

     189,146         101,849   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     1,011,428         828,873   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

     16,521,512         12,656,843   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Commitments and Contingencies

     

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     618,417         585,606   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Partners’ Capital

     

Partners’ Capital (common units: 504,801,275 issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2012; 489,430,907 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2011)

     4,380,744         4,281,841   

Appropriated Partners’ Capital

     764,741         386,864   

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

     3,297         1,958   

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     1,738,063         1,535,497   

Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     2,519,587         2,460,520   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Partners’ Capital

     9,406,432         8,666,680   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

   $ 26,546,361       $ 21,909,129   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

continued…

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

The following presents the portion of the consolidated balances presented above attributable to consolidated Blackstone Funds which are variable interest entities. The following assets may only be used to settle obligations of these consolidated Blackstone Funds and these liabilities are only the obligations of these consolidated Blackstone Funds and they do not have recourse to the general credit of Blackstone.

 

     March 31,
2012
     December 31,
2011
 

Assets

     

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

   $ 705,575       $ 598,441   

Investments

     13,134,899         8,961,960   

Accounts Receivable

     46,318         33,405   

Due from Affiliates

     34,214         36,502   

Other Assets

     129,867         12,031   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 14,050,873       $ 9,642,339   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities

     

Loans Payable

   $ 11,639,749       $ 7,801,136   

Due to Affiliates

     224,782         311,909   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other

     483,695         244,488   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

   $ 12,348,226       $ 8,357,533   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2012     2011  

Revenues

    

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

   $ 471,676      $ 412,738   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

    

Realized

     18,839        96,203   

Unrealized

     365,931        512,401   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     384,770        608,604   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income

    

Realized

     16,335        12,783   

Unrealized

     72,826        107,395   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

     89,161        120,178   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     7,636        9,490   

Other

     (1,207     2,259   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     952,036        1,153,269   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

    

Compensation and Benefits

    

Compensation

     495,255        659,483   

Performance Fee Compensation

    

Realized

     12,190        14,543   

Unrealized

     97,322        162,525   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     604,767        836,551   

General, Administrative and Other

     142,766        129,386   

Interest Expense

     14,518        13,803   

Fund Expenses

     21,742        11,124   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     783,793        990,864   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other Income

    

Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities

     288,142        (45,191
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income Before Provision for Taxes

     456,385        117,214   

Provision for Taxes

     38,753        38,850   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income

     417,632        78,364   

Net Income Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     39,609        22,025   

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     212,293        (93,081

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     107,405        106,716   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.  

   $ 58,325      $ 42,704   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income Per Common Unit, Basic

   $ 0.12      $ 0.10   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income Per Common Unit, Diluted

   $ 0.11      $ 0.09   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding — Basic

     506,985,529        447,742,389   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding — Diluted

     517,389,558        457,652,916   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Revenues Earned from Affiliates

    

Management and Advisory Fees

   $ 47,984      $ 70,038   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  

Net Income

   $ 417,632      $ 78,364   

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax — Currency Translation Adjustment

     (2,174     3,505   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive Income

     415,458        81,869   

Less:

    

Comprehensive Income Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     39,609        22,025   

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     208,780        (88,375

Comprehensive Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     107,405        106,716   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

   $ 59,664      $ 41,503   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  

Operating Activities

    

Net Income

   $ 417,632      $ 78,364   

Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities:

    

Blackstone Funds Related:

    

Unrealized Appreciation on Investments Allocable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     (259,698     (20,698

Net Realized Gains on Investments

     (79,174     (179,148

Changes in Unrealized Gains on Investments Allocable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

     (46,967     (89,106

Unrealized Depreciation (Appreciation) on Hedge Activities

     (794     561   

Non-Cash Performance Fees

     (287,776     (375,102

Non-Cash Performance Fee Compensation

     109,512        177,069   

Equity-Based Compensation Expense

     222,444        426,280   

Amortization of Intangibles

     48,142        40,846   

Other Non-Cash Amounts Included in Net Income

     34,134        14,806   

Cash Flows Due to Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities:

    

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

     241,973        141,787   

Cash Relinquished with Deconsolidation and Liquidation of Partnership

     19,155        395   

Accounts Receivable

     (131,943     130,920   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     55,725        (48,298

Due from Affiliates

     (4,466     (984

Other Assets

     80,161        32,723   

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

     (102,276     (273,284

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     (52,859     93,711   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     (513,451     (283,179

Repurchase Agreements

     87,298        9,223   

Due to Affiliates

     (58,313     22,307   

Treasury Cash Management Strategies:

    

Investments Purchased

     (715,090     (733,450

Cash Proceeds from Sale of Investments

     842,199        708,437   

Blackstone Funds Related:

    

Investments Purchased

     (1,534,651     (1,953,083

Cash Proceeds from Sale or Pay Down of Investments

     1,763,311        2,520,410   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

     134,228        441,507   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investing Activities

    

Purchase of Furniture, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements

     (13,086     (5,710

Net Cash Paid for Acquisitions, Net of Cash Acquired

     (156,972     —     

Changes in Restricted Cash

     (166     321   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

     (170,224     (5,389
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

continued…

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  

Financing Activities

    

Distributions to Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Consolidated Entities

   $ (47,338   $ (135,412

Contributions from Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Consolidated Entities

     157,381        118,434   

Purchase of Interests from Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders

     (16     (2,056

Net Settlement of Vested Common Units and Repurchase of Common and Holdings Units

     (8,821     (6,823

Proceeds from Loans Payable

     1,365        2,246   

Repayment of Loans Payable

     (8,952     (17,713

Distributions to Unitholders

     (279,224     (371,994

Blackstone Funds Related:

    

Proceeds from Loans Payable

     3,839        200   

Repayment of Loans Payable

     (145,673     (155,810
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities

     (327,439     (568,928
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents

     (5     —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents

     (363,440     (132,810

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period

     754,744        588,621   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period

   $ 391,304      $ 455,811   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flows Information

    

Payments for Interest

   $ 37,409      $ 635   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Payments for Income Taxes

   $ 6,866      $ 17,611   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities

    

Net Activities Related to Capital Transactions of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

   $ (2,633   $ 1,721   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Assets Related to the Consolidation of CLO Vehicles

   $ 233,541      $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

In-kind Redemption of Capital

   $ (2,017   $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

In-kind Contribution of Capital

   $ 2,017      $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Transfer of Interests to Non-Controlling Interest Holders

   $ (1,191   $ (1,111
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Change in The Blackstone Group L.P.’s Ownership Interest

   $ (8,867   $ (5,772
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Settlement of Vested Common Units

   $ 6,328      $ 4,369   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Conversion of Blackstone Holdings Units to Common Units

   $ 40,273      $ 137,961   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Exchange of Founders’ and Non-Controlling Interest Holders’ Interests in Blackstone Holdings:

    

Deferred Tax Asset

   $ (41,029   $ (176,013
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Due to Affiliates

   $ 34,122      $ 142,212   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Partners’ Capital

   $ 6,907      $ 33,801   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

1. ORGANIZATION

The Blackstone Group L.P., together with its subsidiaries, (“Blackstone” or the “Partnership”) is a leading global manager of private capital and provider of financial advisory services. The alternative asset management business includes the management of private equity funds, real estate funds, funds of hedge funds, credit-oriented funds, collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) vehicles, separately managed accounts, and registered investment companies (collectively referred to as the “Blackstone Funds”). Blackstone also provides various financial advisory services, including financial advisory, restructuring and reorganization advisory and fund placement services. Blackstone’s business is organized into five segments: private equity, real estate, hedge fund solutions, credit businesses, and financial advisory.

The Partnership was formed as a Delaware limited partnership on March 12, 2007. The Partnership is managed and operated by its general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., which is in turn wholly-owned and controlled by one of Blackstone’s founders, Stephen A. Schwarzman (the “Founder”), and Blackstone’s other senior managing directors.

The activities of the Partnership are conducted through its holding partnerships: Blackstone Holdings I L.P., Blackstone Holdings II L.P., Blackstone Holdings III L.P. and Blackstone Holdings IV L.P. (collectively, “Blackstone Holdings”, “Blackstone Holdings Partnerships” or the “Holding Partnerships”). On June 18, 2007, in preparation for an initial public offering (“IPO”), the predecessor owners (“Predecessor Owners”) of the Blackstone business completed a reorganization (the “Reorganization”) whereby, with certain limited exceptions, the operating entities of the predecessor organization and the intellectual property rights associated with the Blackstone name were contributed (“Contributed Businesses”) to five holding partnerships (Blackstone Holdings I L.P., Blackstone Holdings II L.P., Blackstone Holdings III L.P., Blackstone Holdings IV L.P. and Blackstone Holdings V L.P.) either directly or indirectly via a sale to certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Partnership and then a contribution to the Holding Partnerships. The Partnership, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, is the sole general partner in each of these Holding Partnerships. The reorganization was accounted for as an exchange of entities under common control for the component of interests contributed by the Founders and the other senior managing directors (collectively, the “Control Group”) and as an acquisition of non-controlling interests using the purchase method of accounting for all the predecessor owners other than the Control Group.

On January 1, 2009, the number of Holding Partnerships was reduced from five to four through the transfer of assets and liabilities of Blackstone Holdings III L.P. to Blackstone Holdings IV L.P. In connection therewith, Blackstone Holdings IV L.P. was renamed Blackstone Holdings III L.P. and Blackstone Holdings V L.P. was renamed Blackstone Holdings IV L.P. Blackstone Holdings refers to the five holding partnerships prior to the January 2009 reorganization and the four holding partnerships subsequent to the January 2009 reorganization.

Generally, holders of the limited partner interests in the four Holding Partnerships may, up to four times each year, exchange their limited partnership interests (“Partnership Units”) for Blackstone Common Units, on a one-to-one basis, exchanging one Partnership Unit in each of the four Holding Partnerships for one Blackstone Common Unit.

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Partnership have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q. The condensed consolidated financial

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

statements, including these notes, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in audited financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing its condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Partnership, its wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, the consolidated entities which are considered to be variable interest entities and for which the Partnership is considered the primary beneficiary, and certain partnerships or similar entities which are not considered variable interest entities but in which the general partner is presumed to have control.

All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Restructurings within consolidated CLOs are treated as investment purchases or sales, as applicable, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Consolidation

The Partnership consolidates all entities that it controls through a majority voting interest or otherwise, including those Blackstone Funds in which the general partner is presumed to have control. Although the Partnership has a non-controlling interest in the Blackstone Holdings partnerships, the limited partners do not have the right to dissolve the partnerships or have substantive kick out rights or participating rights that would overcome the presumption of control by the Partnership. Accordingly, the Partnership consolidates Blackstone Holdings and records non-controlling interests to reflect the economic interests of the limited partners of Blackstone Holdings.

In addition, the Partnership consolidates all variable interest entities (“VIE”) in which it is the primary beneficiary. An enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The consolidation guidance requires an analysis to (a) determine whether an entity in which the Partnership holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether the Partnership’s involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., management and performance related fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Performance of that analysis requires the exercise of judgment. VIEs qualify for the deferral of the consolidation guidance if all of the following conditions have been met:

 

  (a) The entity has all of the attributes of an investment company as defined under American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Accounting and Auditing Guide, Investment Companies (“Investment Company Guide”), or does not have all the attributes of an investment company but it is an entity for which it is acceptable based on industry practice to apply measurement principles that are consistent with the Investment Company Guide,

 

  (b) The reporting entity does not have explicit or implicit obligations to fund any losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity, and

 

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(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

  (c) The entity is not a securitization or asset-backed financing entity or an entity that was formerly considered a qualifying special purpose entity.

Where the VIEs have qualified for the deferral of the current consolidation guidance, the analysis is based on previous consolidation guidance. This guidance requires an analysis to determine (a) whether an entity in which the Partnership holds a variable interest is a variable interest entity and (b) whether the Partnership’s involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., management and performance related fees), would be expected to absorb a majority of the variability of the entity. Under both guidelines, the Partnership determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a variable interest entity and reconsiders that conclusion continuously. In evaluating whether the Partnership is the primary beneficiary, Blackstone evaluates its economic interests in the entity held either directly by the Partnership and its affiliates or indirectly through employees. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively; however, if it is not readily apparent that the Partnership is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative analysis may also be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by the Partnership, affiliates of the Partnership or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Blackstone Funds could affect an entity’s status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary. At each reporting date, the Partnership assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary and will consolidate or deconsolidate accordingly.

Assets of consolidated variable interest entities that can only be used to settle obligations of the consolidated VIE and liabilities of a consolidated VIE for which creditors (or beneficial interest holders) do not have recourse to the general credit of Blackstone are presented in a separate section in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Blackstone’s other disclosures regarding VIEs are discussed in Note 9. “Variable Interest Entities”.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

GAAP establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in the determination of fair values, as follows:

 

   

Level I — Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The type of financial instruments in Level I include listed equities, listed derivatives and mutual funds with quoted prices. The Partnership does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where Blackstone holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.

 

   

Level II — Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Financial instruments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, government and agency securities, less liquid and restricted equity

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

 

securities, certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs, and certain fund of hedge funds and proprietary investments in which Blackstone has the ability to redeem its investment at net asset value at, or within three months of, the reporting date.

 

   

Level III — Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instruments and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Financial instruments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partnership interests in private equity and real estate funds, credit-oriented funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations, collateralized loan obligations, certain over the counter derivatives where the fair value is based on unobservable inputs and certain funds of hedge funds which use net asset value per share to determine fair value in which Blackstone may not have the ability to redeem its investment at net asset value at, or within three months of, the reporting date. Blackstone may not have the ability to redeem its investment at net asset value at, or within three months of, the reporting date if an investee fund manager has the ability to limit the amount of redemptions, and/or the ability to side-pocket investments, irrespective of whether such ability has been exercised.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Partnership’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument.

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized at the beginning of the reporting period.

In certain cases, debt and equity securities are valued on the basis of prices from an orderly transaction between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In determining the value of a particular investment, pricing services may use certain information with respect to transactions in such investments, quotations from dealers, pricing matrices, market transactions in comparable investments and various relationships between investments.

In the absence of observable market prices, Blackstone values its investments using valuation methodologies applied on a consistent basis. For some investments little market activity may exist; management’s determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances, and may incorporate management’s own assumptions and involves a significant degree of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors, including the appropriate risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks. Investments for which market prices are not observable include private investments in the equity of operating companies, real estate properties, or certain funds of hedge funds and credit-oriented investments.

Such investments are valued on a quarterly basis, taking into consideration any changes in key unobservable inputs and changes in economic and other relevant conditions and valuation models are updated accordingly. The valuation process also includes a review by an independent valuation party, at least annually for all investments, and quarterly for certain investments, to corroborate the values determined by management. The valuations of Blackstone’s investments are reviewed quarterly by a valuation committee which is chaired by Blackstone’s Vice Chairman and includes senior heads of each of Blackstone’s businesses, as well as representatives of legal and finance. Each quarter, the valuations of Blackstone’s investments are also reviewed by the Audit Committee in a meeting attended by the chairman of the valuation committee as well as the senior heads of each of Blackstone’s businesses. The valuations are further tested by comparison to actual sales prices obtained on disposition of the investments.

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The valuation technique for each of these investments is described below:

Private Equity Investments — The fair values of private equity investments are determined by reference to projected net earnings, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), the discounted cash flow method, public market or private transactions, valuations for comparable companies and other measures which, in many cases, are unaudited at the time received. Valuations may be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or transactions (e.g., multiplying a key performance metric of the investee company such as EBITDA by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables, and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Private equity investments may also be valued at cost for a period of time after an acquisition as the best indicator of fair value.

Real Estate Investments — The fair values of real estate investments are determined by considering projected operating cash flows, sales of comparable assets, if any, and replacement costs among other measures. The methods used to estimate the fair value of real estate investments include the discounted cash flow method and/or capitalization rates (“cap rates”) analysis. Valuations may be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or assets (e.g., multiplying a key performance metric of the investee company or asset, such as EBITDA, by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables, and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Additionally, where applicable, projected distributable cash flow through debt maturity will also be considered in support of the investment’s carrying value.

Funds of Hedge Funds — Blackstone Funds’ direct investments in funds of hedge funds (“Investee Funds”) are valued at net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the Investee Fund. If the Partnership determines, based on its own due diligence and investment procedures, that NAV per share does not represent fair value, the Partnership will estimate the fair value in good faith and in a manner that it reasonably chooses, in accordance with its valuation policies.

Certain investments of Blackstone and of the consolidated Blackstone funds of hedge funds and credit-oriented funds measure their investments in underlying funds at fair value using NAV per share without adjustment. The terms of the investee’s investment generally provide for minimum holding periods or lock-ups, the institution of gates on redemptions or the suspension of redemptions or an ability to side-pocket investments, at the discretion of the investee’s fund manager, and as a result, investments may not be redeemable at, or within three months of, the reporting date. A side-pocket is used by hedge funds and funds of hedge funds to separate investments that may lack a readily ascertainable value, are illiquid or are subject to liquidity restriction. Redemptions are generally not permitted until the investments within a side pocket are liquidated or it is deemed that the conditions existing at the time that required the investment to be included in the side pocket no longer exist. As the timing of either of these events is uncertain, the timing at which the Partnership may redeem an investment held in a side-pocket cannot be estimated. Investments for which fair value is measured using NAV per share are reflected within the fair value hierarchy based on the observability of pricing inputs as described above. Further disclosure on instruments for which fair value is measured using NAV per share is presented in Note 5. “Net Asset Value as Fair Value”.

Credit-Oriented Investments — The fair values of credit-oriented investments are generally determined on the basis of prices between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In some instances, Blackstone may utilize other valuation techniques, including the discounted cash flow method.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Investments, at Fair Value

The Blackstone Funds are accounted for as investment companies under the Investment Company Guide, and reflect their investments, including majority-owned and controlled investments (the “Portfolio Companies”), at fair value. Blackstone has retained the specialized accounting for the consolidated Blackstone Funds. Thus, such consolidated funds’ investments are reflected in Investments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as a component of Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Fair value is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price).

Blackstone’s principal investments are presented at fair value with unrealized appreciation or depreciation and realized gains and losses recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations within Investment Income (Loss).

For certain instruments, the Partnership has elected the fair value option. Such election is irrevocable and is applied on an investment by investment basis at initial recognition. The Partnership has applied the fair value option for certain loans and receivables and certain investments in private debt and equity securities that otherwise would not have been carried at fair value with gains and losses recorded in net income. Fair valuing these investments is consistent with how the Partnership accounts for its other principal investments. Loans extended to third parties are recorded within Accounts Receivable within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Debt and equity securities for which the fair value option has been elected are recorded within Investments. The methodology for measuring the fair value of such investments is consistent with the methodology applied to private equity, real estate, credit-oriented and funds of hedge funds investments. Changes in the fair value of such instruments are recognized in Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Interest income on interest bearing loans and receivables and debt securities on which the fair value option has been elected is based on stated coupon rates adjusted for the accretion of purchase discounts and the amortization of purchase premiums. This interest income is recorded within Interest and Dividend Revenue.

In addition, the Partnership has elected the fair value option for the assets and liabilities of CLO vehicles that are consolidated as of January 1, 2010, as a result of the initial adoption of variable interest entity consolidation guidance. The Partnership has also elected the fair value option for CLO vehicles consolidated as a result of the acquisitions of CLO management contracts. The adjustment resulting from the difference between the fair value of assets and liabilities for each of these events is presented as a transition and acquisition adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital. Assets of the consolidated CLOs are presented within Investments within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and Liabilities within Loans Payable for the amounts due to unaffiliated third parties and Due to Affiliates for the amounts held by non-consolidated affiliates. The methodology for measuring the fair value of such assets and liabilities is consistent with the methodology applied to private equity, real estate, and credit-oriented investments. Changes in the fair value of consolidated CLO assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income subsequent to adoption and acquisition are presented within Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities. Amounts attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities have a corresponding adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital.

Further disclosure on instruments for which the fair value option has been elected is presented in Note 7. “Fair Value Option” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Security and loan transactions are recorded on a trade date basis.

Equity Method Investments

Investments where the Partnership is deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, the Partnership’s share of earnings (losses) from equity method investments is included in Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The carrying amounts of equity method investments are reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. As the underlying investments of the Partnership’s equity method investments in Blackstone Funds are reported at fair value, the carrying value of the Partnership’s equity method investments represents fair value.

Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements

Securities purchased under agreement to resell (“reverse repurchase agreements”) and securities sold under agreements to repurchase (“repurchase agreements”), comprising primarily U.S. and non-U.S. government and agency securities, asset-backed securities and corporate debt, represent collateralized financing transactions. Such transactions are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at their contractual amounts and include accrued interest.

The Partnership manages credit exposure arising from repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements by, in appropriate circumstances, entering into master netting agreements and collateral arrangements with counterparties that provide the Partnership, in the event of a counterparty default, the right to liquidate collateral and the right to offset a counterparty’s rights and obligations.

The Partnership takes possession of securities purchased under reverse repurchase agreements and is permitted to repledge, deliver or otherwise use such securities. The Partnership also pledges its financial instruments to counterparties to collateralize repurchase agreements. Financial instruments pledged that can be repledged, delivered or otherwise used by the counterparty are recorded in Investments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased consist of equity and debt securities that the Partnership has borrowed and sold. The Partnership is required to “cover” its short sale in the future by purchasing the security at prevailing market prices and delivering it to the counterparty from which it borrowed the security. The Partnership is exposed to loss in the event that the price at which a security may have to be purchased to cover a short sale exceeds the price at which the borrowed security was sold short.

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased are recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Derivative Instruments

The Partnership recognizes all derivatives as assets or liabilities on its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at fair value. On the date the Partnership enters into a derivative contract, it designates and documents each derivative contract as one of the following: (a) a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

value hedge”), (b) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow hedge”), (c) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation, or (d) a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument (“freestanding derivative”). For a fair value hedge, Blackstone records changes in the fair value of the derivative and, to the extent that it is highly effective, changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk, in current period earnings in General, Adminstrative and Other in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as hedging instruments caused by factors other than changes in the risk being hedged, which are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness, are recognized in current period earnings.

The Partnership formally documents at inception its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, its risk management objectives, strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and the Partnership’s evaluation of effectiveness of its hedged transaction. At least monthly, the Partnership also formally assesses whether the derivative it designated in each hedging relationship is expected to be, and has been, highly effective in offsetting changes in estimated fair values or cash flows of the hedged items using either the regression analysis or the dollar offset method. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective at hedging the designated exposure, hedge accounting is discontinued. The fair value of the derivative instrument is reflected within Other Assets in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

For freestanding derivative contracts, the Partnership presents changes in fair value in current period earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments held by consolidated Blackstone Funds are reflected in Net Gains from Funds Investment Activities or, where derivative instruments are held by the Partnership, within Investment Income (Loss), in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The fair value of freestanding derivative assets are recorded within Investments and freestanding derivative liabilities are recorded within Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Blackstone’s other disclosures regarding derivative financial instruments are discussed in Note 6. “Derivative Financial Instruments”.

Affiliates

Blackstone considers its Founder, senior managing directors, employees, the Blackstone Funds and the Portfolio Companies to be affiliates.

Distributions

Distributions are reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements when paid.

Recent Accounting Developments

In April 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) amended existing guidance for agreements to transfer financial assets that both entitle and obligate the transferor to repurchase or redeem the financial assets before their maturity. The amendments removed from the assessment of effective control (a) the criterion requiring the transferor to have the ability to repurchase or redeem the financial assets on substantially the agreed terms, even in the event of default by the transferee and (b) the collateral maintenance implementation guidance related to that criterion. The guidance was effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

or after December 15, 2011. Blackstone enters into repurchase agreements that are currently accounted for as collateralized financing transactions. Adoption did not have a material impact on the Partnership’s financial statements.

In May 2011, the FASB issued amended guidance on fair value measurements to achieve common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. The amended guidance specified that the concepts of highest and best use and valuation premise in a fair value measurement are relevant only when measuring the fair value of nonfinancial assets and are not relevant when measuring the fair value of financial assets or of liabilities. The amendments included requirements specific to measuring the fair value of those instruments, such as equity interests used as consideration in a business combination. An entity should measure the fair value of its own equity instrument from the perspective of a market participant that holds the instrument as an asset. With respect to financial instruments that are managed as part of a portfolio, an exception to fair value requirements was provided. That exception permits a reporting entity to measure the fair value of such financial assets and financial liabilities at the price that would be received to sell a net asset position for a particular risk or to transfer a net liability position for a particular risk in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The amendments also clarified that premiums and discounts should only be applied if market participants would do so when pricing the asset or liability. Premiums and discounts related to the size of an entity’s holding (e.g., a blockage factor) rather than as a characteristic of the asset or liability (e.g., a control premium) is not permitted in a fair value measurement.

The guidance also required enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements, including, among other things, (a) for fair value measurements categorized within Level III of the fair value hierarchy, (1) a quantitative disclosure of the unobservable inputs and assumptions used in the measurement, (2) the valuation process used by the reporting entity, and (3) a narrative description of the sensitivity of the fair value measurement to changes in unobservable inputs and the interrelationships between those unobservable inputs, if any, and (b) the categorization by level of the fair value hierarchy for items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position but for which the fair value is required to be disclosed (for example, a financial instrument that is measured at amortized cost in the statement of financial position but for which fair value is disclosed). The guidance also amended disclosure requirements for significant transfers between Level I and Level II and now requires disclosure of all transfers between Levels I and II in the fair value hierarchy.

The amended guidance was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. As the impact of the guidance is primarily limited to enhanced disclosures, adoption did not have a material impact on the Partnership’s financial statements.

In June 2011, the FASB issued amended guidance on the presentation of comprehensive income. The amendments provided an entity with an option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both choices, an entity was required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income. In addition, an entity was required to present on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that were reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income in the statement(s) where the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income were presented. The guidance was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2011 and was to be applied on a retrospective basis. As the amendments are limited to presentation only, adoption did not have a material impact on the Partnership’s financial statements.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

In December 2011, the FASB issued a deferral of the effective date for certain disclosures relating to the comprehensive income, specifically with respect to the presentation of reclassifications of items out of accumulated other comprehensive income. The deferral was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011.

In September 2011, the FASB issued enhanced guidance on testing goodwill for impairment. The amended guidance provides an entity with the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform the first step of the two-step impairment test by calculating the fair value of the reporting unit and comparing the fair value with the carrying amount of the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then the entity is required to perform the second step of the goodwill impairment test to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. Under the amended guidance, an entity has the option to bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. An entity may resume performing the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. The amended guidance includes examples of events or circumstances that an entity must consider in evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of reporting units is less than its carrying amount. The amended guidance no longer permits the carry forward of detailed calculations of a reporting unit’s fair value from a prior year. The guidance is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. The amended guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Partnership’s financial statements.

In December 2011, the FASB issued guidance to enhance disclosures about financial instruments and derivative instruments that are either (a) offset or (b) subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are offset. Under the amended guidance, an entity is required to disclose quantitative information relating to recognized assets and liabilities that are offset or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, including (a) the gross amounts of those recognized assets and liabilities, (b) the amounts offset to determine the net amount presented in the statement of financial position, and (c) the net amount presented in the statement of financial position. With respect to amounts subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement which are not offset, disclosure is required of (a) the amounts related to recognized financial instruments and other derivative instruments, (b) the amount related to financial collateral (including cash collateral), and (c) the overall net amount after considering amounts that have not been offset. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 and interim periods within those annual periods and retrospective application is required. As the amendments are limited to disclosure only, adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Partnership’s financial statements.

 

3. ACQUISITIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Acquisition of Harbourmaster

On January 5, 2012, Blackstone completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding share capital of Harbourmaster Capital (Holdings) Limited (“Harbourmaster”), an Island of Jersey entity, in accordance with the sale and purchase agreement entered into on October 6, 2011. The fair value of consideration transferred, comprised entirely of cash, was €181.4 million ($232.0 million). Harbourmaster is a European secured bank loan manager based in Dublin, Ireland. Harbourmaster manages various credit products including CLO vehicles.

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following is a summary of the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the Harbourmaster acquisition:

 

Purchase Price — Cash

   $ 232,044   
  

 

 

 

Fair Value of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

  

Assets

  

Cash

   $ 75,072   

Investments in CLOs

     9,305   

Accounts Receivable

     9,329   

Other Assets

     17,651   

Intangible Assets

     142,221   
  

 

 

 
     253,578   

Liabilities Assumed

  

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     21,534   
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   $ 232,044   
  

 

 

 

Harbourmaster’s results from the date of acquisition have been included in the Credit Businesses segment.

The Partnership incurred $2.1 million of acquisition-related costs which were expensed as incurred and are reflected within the General, Administrative and Other in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 includes the results of Harbourmaster since the date of acquisition, January 5, 2012, through March 31, 2012. Supplemental information on an unaudited pro forma basis, as if the Harbourmaster acquisition had been consummated as of January 1, 2011 is as follows:

 

     Three Months
Ended
 
     March 31, 2011  
     (Unaudited)  

Total Revenues

   $ 1,171,279   
  

 

 

 

Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

   $ 50,817   
  

 

 

 

Net Income Per Common Unit — Basic and Diluted

   $ 0.11   
  

 

 

 

The results for the period from January 1, 2012 to the acquisition date of January 5, 2012 are not material and, as a result, pro forma unaudited supplemental information has not been provided for 2012 as the amounts are materially consistent with the amounts recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2012.

The unaudited pro forma supplemental information is based on estimates and assumptions, which the Partnership believes are reasonable. These results are not necessarily indicative of the Partnership’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition or Statements of Operations in future periods or the results that actually would have been realized had the Partnership and Harbourmaster been a combined entity during the periods presented.

 

20


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill has been allocated to each of the Partnership’s five segments as follows: Private Equity ($694.5 million), Real Estate ($421.7 million), Hedge Fund Solutions ($172.1 million), Credit Businesses ($346.4 million) and Financial Advisory ($68.9 million).

The carrying value of goodwill was $1.7 billion as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the fair value of the Partnership’s operating segments substantially exceeded their respective carrying values.

Intangible Assets, Net consists of the following:

 

     March 31,
2012
    December 31,
2011
 

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets / Contractual Rights

   $ 1,536,244      $ 1,394,023   

Accumulated Amortization

     (846,679     (798,535
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Intangible Assets, Net

   $ 689,565      $ 595,488   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Amortization expense associated with Blackstone’s intangible assets was $48.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and $40.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Amortization expense is included within General, Administrative and Other in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Amortization of Intangible Assets held at March 31, 2012 is expected to be $139.3 million, $88.2 million, $83.3 million, $77.1 million, and $72.8 million for each of the years ending December 31, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Blackstone’s intangible assets as of March 31, 2012 are expected to amortize over a weighted-average period of 8.85 years.

 

4. INVESTMENTS

Investment

Investments consist of the following:

 

     March 31,
2012
     December 31,
2011
 

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

   $ 14,628,978       $ 10,306,795   

Equity Method Investments

     2,309,689         2,218,103   

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

     595,634         685,859   

Performance Fees

     2,185,896         1,889,152   

Other Investments

     28,327         28,390   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 19,748,524       $ 15,128,299   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Blackstone’s share of Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds totaled $541.6 million and $449.6 million at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, consideration was given as to whether any individual investment, including derivative instruments, had a fair value which exceeded 5% of Blackstone’s net assets. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, no investment exceeded the 5% threshold.

 

21


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

The following table presents the realized and net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments held by the consolidated Blackstone Funds:

 

    Three Months Ended March 31,  
          2012                 2011        

Realized Gains

  $ 44,350      $ 70,101   

Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses)

    155,685        (134,890
 

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $ 200,035      $ (64,789
 

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following reconciles the Realized and Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) from Blackstone Funds presented above to Other Income (Loss) — Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
           2012                  2011        

Realized and Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) from Blackstone Funds

   $ 200,035       $ (64,789

Interest and Dividend Revenue Attributable to Consolidated Blackstone Funds

     88,107         19,598   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other Income — Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities

   $ 288,142       $ (45,191
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Equity Method Investments

The Partnership recognized net gains related to its equity method investments of $58.1 million and $89.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Blackstone’s equity method investments include its investments in private equity funds, real estate funds, funds of hedge funds and credit-oriented funds and other proprietary investments, which are not consolidated but in which the Partnership exerts significant influence.

Blackstone evaluates each of its equity method investments to determine if any were significant as defined by guidance from the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2012, no individual equity method investment held by Blackstone met the significance criteria. As such, Blackstone is not required to present summarized financial information for any of its equity method investments.

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

The portion of Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies included in Investments represents the Partnership’s liquid investments in government, other investment and non-investment grade securities and other investments. These strategies are primarily managed by third-party institutions. The following table presents the realized and net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments held by Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
        2012           2011     

Realized Losses

   $ (2,157   $ (301

Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses)

     (4,419     629   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ (6,576   $ 328   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

22


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Performance Fees

Performance Fees allocated to the general partner in respect of performance of certain Carry Funds, funds of hedge funds and credit-oriented funds were as follows:

 

     Private
Equity
    Real
Estate
    Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit
Businesses
    Total  

Performance Fees, December 31, 2011

   $ 620,359      $ 943,859      $ 1,858      $ 323,076      $ 1,889,152   

Performance Fees Allocated as a Result of Changes in Fund Fair Values

     43,321        235,485        13,783        66,054        358,643   

Foreign Exchange Gain

     —          1,278        —          —          1,278   

Fund Cash Distributions

     (3,349     (2,152     (1,858     (55,818     (63,177
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees, March 31, 2012

   $ 660,331      $ 1,178,470      $ 13,783      $ 333,312      $ 2,185,896   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other Investments

Other Investments consist primarily of investment securities held by Blackstone for its own account. The following table presents Blackstone’s realized and net change in unrealized gains (losses) in other investments:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012      2011  

Realized Gains (Losses)

   $ 255       $ —     

Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses)

     2,737         949   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 2,992       $ 949   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

5. NET ASSET VALUE AS FAIR VALUE

A summary of fair value by strategy type alongside the consolidated funds of hedge funds’ remaining unfunded commitments and ability to redeem such investments as of March 31, 2012 is presented below:

 

Strategy

   Fair Value      Unfunded
Commitments
     Redemption
Frequency

(if currently
eligible)
    Redemption
Notice
Period
 

Diversified Instruments

   $ 158,687       $ 7,912         (a     (a

Credit Driven

     172,505         1,980         (b     (b

Event Driven

     108,689         —           (c     (c

Equity

     299,992         —           (d     (d

Commodities

     48,335         —           (e     (e
  

 

 

    

 

 

      
   $ 788,208       $ 9,892        
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

(a) Diversified Instruments include investments in hedge funds that invest across multiple strategies. Investments representing 40% of the value of the investments in this category may not be redeemed at, or within three months of, the reporting date. The remaining 60% of investments within this category represent investments in hedge funds that are in the process of liquidating. Distributions from these funds will be received as underlying investments are liquidated. Of this, the investee fund manager had elected to side-pocket 40% of Blackstone’s investments. The time at which this redemption restriction may lapse cannot be estimated.

 

23


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

(b) The Credit Driven category includes investments in hedge funds that invest primarily in domestic and international bonds. Investments representing 64% of the value of the investments in this category may not be redeemed at, or within three months of, the reporting date. Investments representing 18% of the value in the credit driven category are subject to redemption restrictions at the discretion of the investee fund manager who may choose (but may not have exercised such ability) to side-pocket such investments. Investments representing 1% of the value within this category represents an investment in a fund of hedge funds that is in the process of liquidation. Distributions from this fund will be received as underlying investments are liquidated. The remaining 17% of investments within this category are redeemable as of the reporting date.
(c) The Event Driven category includes investments in hedge funds whose primary investing strategy is to identify certain event-driven investments. Withdrawals are not permitted in this category. Distributions will be received as the underlying investments are liquidated.
(d) The Equity category includes investments in hedge funds that invest primarily in domestic and international equity securities. Investments representing 85% of the total value of investments in this category may not be redeemed at, or within three months of, the reporting date. The remaining 15% are subject to redemption restrictions at the discretion of the investee fund manager who may choose (but may not have elected such ability) to side-pocket such investments. As of the reporting date, the investee fund manager had not elected to side-pocket Blackstone’s investments.
(e) The Commodities category includes investments in commodities-focused hedge funds that primarily invest in futures and physical-based commodity driven strategies. Withdrawals are not permitted in this category. Distributions will be received as the underlying investments are liquidated.

 

6. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Blackstone enters into derivative contracts in order to hedge its interest rate risk exposure against the effects of interest rate changes. Additionally, Blackstone and the Blackstone Funds enter into derivative contracts in the normal course of business to achieve certain other risk management objectives and for general investment purposes. As a result of the use of derivative contracts, Blackstone and the consolidated Blackstone Funds are exposed to the risk that counterparties will fail to fulfill their contractual obligations. To mitigate such counterparty risk, Blackstone and the consolidated Blackstone Funds enter into contracts with certain major financial institutions, all of which have investment grade ratings. Counterparty credit risk is evaluated in determining the fair value of derivative instruments.

Fair Value Hedges

The Partnership uses interest rate swaps to hedge a portion of the interest rate risk associated with its fixed rate borrowings. The Partnership has designated these financial instruments as fair value hedges.

Freestanding Derivatives

Freestanding derivatives are instruments that Blackstone and certain of the consolidated Blackstone Funds have entered into as part of their overall risk management and investment strategies. These derivative contracts are not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. Such contracts may include foreign exchange contracts, equity swaps, options, futures and other derivative contracts.

 

24


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The table below summarizes the aggregate notional amount and fair value of the derivative financial instruments. The notional amount represents the absolute value amount of all outstanding derivative contracts.

 

    March 31, 2012     December 31, 2011  
    Assets     Liabilities     Assets     Liabilities  
    Notional     Fair
Value
    Notional     Fair
Value
    Notional     Fair
Value
    Notional     Fair
Value
 

Fair Value Hedges

               

Interest Rate Swaps

  $ 450,000      $ 55,813      $ —        $ —        $ 450,000      $ 67,668      $ —        $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Freestanding Derivatives

               

Blackstone — Other

               

Interest Rate Contracts

    160,300        1,172        146,100        157        221,350        768        502,200        1,291   

Foreign Currency Contracts

    7,395        125        8,407        477        22,698        1,016        7,293        103   

Credit Default Swaps

    —          —          850        91        —          —          —          —     

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

               

Foreign Currency Contracts

    575,470        38,742        157,646        7,596        177,453        22,016        159,409        7,687   

Interest Rate Contracts

    182,734        7,948        176,400        5,318        95,482        7,270        191,400        10,867   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Freestanding Derivatives

    925,899        47,987        489,403        13,639        516,983        31,070        860,302        19,948   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $ 1,375,899      $ 103,800      $ 489,403      $ 13,639      $ 966,983      $ 98,738      $ 860,302      $ 19,948   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The table below summarizes the impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations from derivative financial instruments:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  

Fair Value Hedges — Interest Rate Swaps

    

Hedge Ineffectiveness

   $ (794   $ (567
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Excluded from Assessment of Effectiveness

   $ (5,888   $ (7,423
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Freestanding Derivatives

    

Realized Gains (Losses)

    

Interest Rate Contracts

   $ 136      $ 1,002   

Foreign Currency Contracts

     1,725        (701

Other

     —          (77
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ 1,861      $ 224   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss)

    

Interest Rate Contracts

   $ 6,597      $ (1,181

Foreign Currency Contracts

     13,721        (270

Credit Default Swaps

     4        —     

Other

     —          3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   $ 20,322      $ (1,448
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

25


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Partnership had not designated any derivatives as cash flow hedges or hedges of net investments in foreign operations.

 

7. FAIR VALUE OPTION

The following table summarizes the financial instruments for which the fair value option has been elected:

 

     As of
March 31,
2012
     As of
December 31,
2011
 

Assets

     

Loans and Receivables

   $ 105,004       $ 8,555   

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

     

Corporate Loans

     11,904,542         7,901,020   

Corporate Bonds

     282,768         153,653   

Other

     84,631         77,295   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 12,376,945       $ 8,140,523   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities

     

Liabilities of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

     

Senior Secured Notes

   $ 10,984,018       $ 7,449,766   

Subordinated Notes

     857,772         630,236   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 11,841,790       $ 8,080,002   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table presents the realized and net change in unrealized gains (losses) on financial instruments on which the fair value option was elected:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2012     2011  
     Realized
Gains (Losses)
    Net Change
in Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
    Realized
Gains (Losses)
    Net Change
in Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
 

Assets

        

Loans and Receivables

   $ —        $ 6      $ —        $ —     

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

        

Corporate Loans

     39,274        289,231        42,232        50,219   

Corporate Bonds

     407        12,682        2,047        (29

Other

     119        3,481        480        5,375   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ 39,800      $ 305,400      $ 44,759      $ 55,565   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities

        

Liabilities of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

        

Senior Secured Notes

   $ (44   $ (93,203   $ (5,395   $ (239,958

Subordinated Notes

     —          (34,483     —          (24,057
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ (44   $ (127,686   $ (5,395   $ (264,015
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

26


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following table presents information for those financial instruments on which the fair value option was elected:

 

     As of March 31, 2012     As of December 31, 2011  
           For Financial Assets
Past Due (a)
          For Financial Assets
Past Due (a)
 
     Excess
(Deficiency)
of Fair Value

Over Principal
    Fair
Value
     Excess
(Deficiency)
of Fair Value
Over Principal
    Excess
(Deficiency)
of Fair Value
Over Principal
    Fair
Value
     Excess
(Deficiency)
of Fair Value
Over Principal
 

Loans and Receivables

   $ 368      $ —         $ —        $ (162   $ —         $ —     

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

              

Corporate Loans

     (840,081     140,300         (115,580     (674,496     17,574         (29,384

Corporate Bonds

     (6,764     7,560         (2,656     (9,360     7,560         (2,656
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ (846,477   $ 147,860       $ (118,236   $ (684,018   $ 25,134       $ (32,040
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Past due Corporate Loans and Corporate Bonds within CLO assets are classified as past due if contractual payments are more than one day past due.

As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, no Loans and Receivables on which the fair value option was elected were past due or in non-accrual status.

 

27


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The following tables summarize the valuation of the Partnership’s financial assets and liabilities by the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively:

 

     March 31, 2012  
     Level I      Level II      Level III      Total  

Assets

           

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds (a)

           

Investment Funds

   $ —         $ 4,477       $ 759,143       $ 763,620   

Equity Securities

     115,762         17,981         219,985         353,728   

Partnership and LLC Interests

     —           548         512,951         513,499   

Debt Instruments

     —           707,094         19,096         726,190   

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

           

Corporate Loans

     —           11,032,922         871,620         11,904,542   

Corporate Bonds

     —           282,768         —           282,768   

Freestanding Derivatives — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           38,742         —           38,742   

Freestanding Derivatives — Interest Rate Contracts

     —           7,948         —           7,948   

Other

     258         30,202         7,481         37,941   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

     116,020         12,122,682         2,390,276         14,628,978   

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

     163,630         431,804         200         595,634   

Money Market Funds

     101,516         —           —           101,516   

Freestanding Derivatives

           

Interest Rate Contracts

     1,133         39         —           1,172   

Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           125         —           125   

Derivative Instruments Used as Fair Value Hedges

     —           55,813         —           55,813   

Loans and Receivables

     —           —           105,004         105,004   

Other Investments

     6,367         369         21,591         28,327   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 388,666       $ 12,610,832       $ 2,517,071       $ 15,516,569   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities

           

Liabilities of Consolidated CLO Vehicles (a)

           

Senior Secured Notes

   $ —         $ —         $ 10,984,018       $ 10,984,018   

Subordinated Notes

     —           —           857,772         857,772   

Freestanding Derivatives — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           7,596         —           7,596   

Freestanding Derivatives — Interest Rate Contracts

     —           5,318         —           5,318   

Freestanding Derivatives

           

Interest Rate Contracts

     95         62         —           157   

Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           477         —           477   

Credit Default Swaps

     —           91         —           91   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     —           82,733         —           82,733   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 95       $ 96,277       $ 11,841,790       $ 11,938,162   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

28


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

     December 31, 2011  
     Level I      Level II      Level III      Total  

Assets

           

Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds (a)

           

Investment Funds

   $ —         $ 5,119       $ 723,951       $ 729,070   

Equity Securities

     113,007         608         232,172         345,787   

Partnership and LLC Interests

     —           —           492,911         492,911   

Debt Instruments

     —           594,276         12,783         607,059   

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

           

Corporate Loans

     —           7,259,204         635,944         7,895,148   

Corporate Bonds

     —           150,653         3,000         153,653   

Freestanding Derivatives — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           22,016         —           22,016   

Freestanding Derivatives — Interest Rate Contracts

     —           7,270         —           7,270   

Other

     28,900         21,973         3,008         53,881   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Investments of Consolidated Blackstone Funds

     141,907         8,061,119         2,103,769         10,306,795   

Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies

     176,297         509,362         200         685,859   

Money Market Funds

     257,423         —           —           257,423   

Freestanding Derivatives

           

Interest Rate Contracts

     159         609         —           768   

Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           1,016         —           1,016   

Derivative Instruments Used as Fair Value Hedges

     —           67,668         —           67,668   

Loans and Receivables

     —           —           8,555         8,555   

Other Investments

     8,066         360         19,964         28,390   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 583,852       $ 8,640,134       $ 2,132,488       $ 11,356,474   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities

           

Liabilities of Consolidated CLO Vehicles (a)

           

Senior Secured Notes

   $ —         $ —         $ 7,449,766       $ 7,449,766   

Subordinated Notes

     —           —           630,236         630,236   

Freestanding Derivatives — Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           7,687         —           7,687   

Freestanding Derivatives — Interest Rate Contracts

     —           10,867         —           10,867   

Freestanding Derivatives

           

Interest Rate Contracts

     1,105         186         —           1,291   

Foreign Currency Contracts

     —           103         —           103   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     —           143,825         —           143,825   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,105       $ 162,668       $ 8,080,002       $ 8,243,775   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Pursuant to GAAP consolidation guidance, the Partnership is required to consolidate all VIEs in which it has been identified as the primary beneficiary, including its investments in CLO vehicles and other funds in which a consolidated entity of the Partnership, as the general partner of the fund, is presumed to have control. While the Partnership is required to consolidate certain funds, including CLO vehicles, for GAAP purposes, the Partnership has no ability to utilize the assets of these funds and there is no recourse to the Partnership for their liabilities since these are client assets and liabilities.

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following table summarizes the fair value transfers between Level I and Level II:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31, 2012
 

Transfers from Level I into Level II (a)

   $ 29,516   

Transfers from Level II into Level I (b)

     271   

 

(a) Transfers out of Level I represent those financial instruments for which restrictions exist and adjustments were made to an otherwise observable price to reflect fair value at the reporting date.
(b) Transfers into Level I represent those financial instruments for which an unadjusted quoted price in an active market became available for the identical asset.

The following table summarizes the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for items categorized in Level III of the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2012. The disclosure below excludes financial instruments for which fair value is based on unobservable but non-quantitative inputs. Such items include financial instruments for which the determination of fair value is based on prices from prior transactions or third party pricing information without adjustment and financial instruments for which fair value is determined by net asset value.

 

    Fair Value at
March 31, 2012
   

Valuation

Techniques

 

Unobservable

Inputs

  Ranges

Financial Assets

       

Equity Securities

  $ 150,756     

Discounted Cash Flows

 

Discount Rate

Revenue CAGR

Exit Multiple

  8.0% - 23.4%

1.9% - 32.5%

6.0x - 17.0x

    5,084     

Market Comparable Companies

 

Book Value Multiple

EBITDA Multiple

  0.9x - 1.2x

3.8x - 6.8x

Partnership and LLC Interests

    492,338      Discounted Cash Flows  

Discount Rate

Revenue CAGR

Exit Multiple

Exit Capitalization Rate

  5.6% - 22.0%

-8.2% - 22.1%

4.5x - 13.9x

5.3% - 10.5%

Debt Instruments

    11,892      Discounted Cash Flows  

Discount Rate

Revenue CAGR

Exit Multiple

Exit Capitalization Rate

Default Rate

Recovery Rate

Recovery Lag

Pre-payment Rate

Reinvestment Rate

Reinvestment Price

  7.9% - 30.5%

-5.6% - 7.0%

10.2x

6.3% - 8.0%

1.5% - 3.0%

65.0%

12 months

15.0% - 25.0%

4.3% - 5.0%

98.5% - 99.0%

    598     

Market Comparable Companies

 

EBITDA Multiple

Liquidity Discount

  5.0x - 8.5x

25.0% - 30.0%

Assets of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

    103,852      Discounted Cash Flows   Discount Rate   6.5% - 18.0%
    66,472     

Market Comparable Companies

 

EBITDA Multiple

Liquidity Discount

  4.0x - 12.0x

0.5% - 15.0%

Loans and Receivables

    46,649     

Discounted Cash Flows

  Discount Rate   8.5% - 29.8%

 

30


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

    Fair Value at
March 31, 2012
   

Valuation

Techniques

 

Unobservable

Inputs

  Ranges

Financial Liabilities

       

CLOs

  $ 11,841,790      Discounted Cash Flows  

Default Rate

Recovery Rate

Recovery Lag

Pre-payment Rate

Reinvestment Rate

Reinvestment Price

Discount Rate

  1.5% - 3.0%

65.0%

12 months

15.0% - 25.0%

4.3% - 5.0%

98.5% - 99.0%

1.5% - 30.5%

 

CAGR    Compound annual growth rate.
EBITDA    Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
Exit Multiple    Ranges include the last twelve months EBITDA, forward EBITDA and price/earnings exit multiples.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the assets and obligations of consolidated CLO vehicles are discount rates, default rates, recovery rates, recovery lag, pre-payment rates, reinvestment rates and reinvestment prices. Increases (decreases) in any of the discount rates, default rates, recovery lag and pre-payment rates in isolation would result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Increases (decreases) in any of the recovery rates, reinvestment rates and reinvestment prices in isolation would result in a higher (lower) fair value measurement. Generally, a change in the assumption used for default rates may be accompanied by a directionally similar change in the assumption used for recovery lag and a directionally opposite change in the assumption used for recovery rates and pre-payment rates.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of equity securities, partnership and LLC interests, debt instruments, assets of consolidated CLO vehicles and loans and receivables are discount rates, exit capitalization rates, exit multiples, book value multiples, EBITDA multiples, liquidity discount and revenue compound annual growth rates. Increases (decreases) in any of discount rates and exit capitalization rates in isolation can result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Increases (decreases) in any of exit multiples, book value multiples and revenue compound annual growth rates in isolation can result in a higher (lower) fair value measurement.

Since December 31, 2011, there have been no changes in valuation techniques within Level II and Level III that have had a material impact on the valuation of financial instruments.

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following tables summarize the changes in financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value for which the Partnership has used Level III inputs to determine fair value and does not include gains or losses that were reported in Level III in prior years or for instruments that were transferred out of Level III prior to the end of the current reporting period. Total realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level III investments are reported in Investment Income (Loss) and Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

    Level III Financial Assets at Fair Value  
    Three Months Ended March 31, 2012  
    Investments
of

Consolidated
Funds
    Loans  and
Receviables
    Other
Investments
    Total  

Balance, Beginning of Period

  $ 2,103,769      $ 8,555      $ 20,164      $ 2,132,488   

Transfer In Due to Consolidation and Acquisition (a)

    122,565        —          —          122,565   

Transfer In to Level III (b)

    135,998        —          —          135,998   

Transfer Out of Level III (b)

    (94,296     —          —          (94,296

Purchases

    88,320        103,251        —          191,571   

Sales

    (60,083     (7,379     —          (67,462

Settlements

    —          (46     —          (46

Realized Gains (Losses), Net

    3,532        —          99        3,631   

Changes in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings Related to Investments Still Held at the Reporting Date

    90,471        623        1,528        92,622   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

  $ 2,390,276      $ 105,004      $ 21,791      $ 2,517,071   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    Level III Financial Assets at Fair Value  
    Three Months Ended March 31, 2011  
    Investments
of
Consolidated
Funds
    Loans and
Receviables
    Other
Investments
    Total  

Balance, Beginning of Period

  $ 1,602,371      $ 131,290      $ 19,672      $ 1,753,333   

Transfer In to Level III (b)

    6,555        —          —          6,555   

Transfer Out of Level III (b)

    (21,732     —          —          (21,732

Purchases

    128,099        6,228        —          134,327   

Sales

    (62,965     (122,180     —          (185,145

Settlements

    (4,933     (1,370     —          (6,303

Realized Gains (Losses), Net

    7,851        —          —          7,851   

Changes in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings Related to Investments Still Held at the Reporting Date

    86,446        66        1,298        87,810   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

  $ 1,741,692      $ 14,034      $ 20,970      $ 1,776,696   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

32


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

    Level III Financial Liabilities at Fair Value  
    Three Months Ended March 31,  
    2012     2011  
    Collateralized
Loan
Obligations
Senior
Notes
    Collateralized
Loan
Obligations
Subordinated
Notes
    Total     Collateralized
Loan
Obligations
Senior
Notes
    Collateralized
Loan
Obligations
Subordinated
Notes
    Total  

Balance, Beginning of Period

  $ 7,449,766      $ 630,236      $ 8,080,002      $ 5,877,957      $ 555,632      $ 6,433,589   

Transfer In Due to Consolidation and Acquisition (a)

    3,419,084        149,225        3,568,309        —          —          —     

Issuances

    4,393        838        5,231        200        —          200   

Settlements

    (131,873     (2,746     (134,619     (161,442     (12,253     (173,695

Realized (Gains) Losses, Net

    44        —          44        5,395        —          5,395   

Changes in Unrealized (Gains) Losses Included in Earnings Related to Liabilities Still Held at the Reporting Date

    242,604        80,219        322,823        301,782        24,057        325,839   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

  $ 10,984,018      $ 857,772      $ 11,841,790      $ 6,023,892      $ 567,436      $ 6,591,328   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a) Represents the transfer into Level III of financial assets and liabilities held by CLO vehicles as a result of the Harbourmaster acquisition on January 5, 2012.
(b) Transfers in and out of Level III financial assets and liabilities were due to changes in the observability of inputs used in the valuation of such assets and liabilities.

 

9. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Pursuant to GAAP consolidation guidance, the Partnership consolidates certain VIEs in which it is determined that the Partnership is the primary beneficiary either directly or indirectly, through a consolidated entity or affiliate. VIEs include certain private equity, real estate, credit-oriented or funds of hedge funds entities and CLO vehicles. The purpose of such VIEs is to provide strategy specific investment opportunities for investors in exchange for management and performance based fees. The investment strategies of the Blackstone Funds differ by product; however, the fundamental risks of the Blackstone Funds have similar characteristics, including loss of invested capital and loss of management fees and performance based fees. In Blackstone’s role as general partner or investment adviser, it generally considers itself the sponsor of the applicable Blackstone Fund. The Partnership does not provide performance guarantees and has no other financial obligation to provide funding to consolidated VIEs other than its own capital commitments.

 

33


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The assets and liabilities of the consolidated VIEs included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition were as follows:

 

     March 31, 2012      December 31, 2011  
     Consolidated
CLO
Vehicles
     All Other
Consolidated
Blackstone
Funds
     Total      Consolidated
CLO
Vehicles
     All Other
Consolidated
Blackstone
Funds
     Total  

Assets

                 

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

   $ 677,008       $ 28,567       $ 705,575       $ 562,388       $ 36,053       $ 598,441   

Investments

     12,271,942         862,957         13,134,899         8,131,968         829,992         8,961,960   

Accounts Receivable

     46,232         86         46,318         31,971         1,434         33,405   

Due from Affiliates

     —           34,214         34,214         —           36,502         36,502   

Other Assets

     127,430         2,437         129,867         9,581         2,450         12,031   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 13,122,612       $ 928,261       $ 14,050,873       $ 8,735,908       $ 906,431       $ 9,642,339   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities

                 

Loans Payable

   $ 11,626,208       $ 13,541       $ 11,639,749       $ 7,787,630       $ 13,506       $ 7,801,136   

Due to Affiliates

     215,582         9,200         224,782         292,372         19,537         311,909   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other

     477,599         6,096         483,695         241,670         2,818         244,488   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

   $ 12,319,389       $ 28,837       $ 12,348,226       $ 8,321,672       $ 35,861       $ 8,357,533   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

There is no recourse to the Partnership for the consolidated VIEs’ liabilities including the liabilities of the consolidated CLO vehicles. The assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs comprise primarily investments and notes payable and are included within Investments, Loans Payable and Due to Affiliates, respectively, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

The Partnership holds variable interests in certain VIEs which are not consolidated as it is determined that the Partnership is not the primary beneficiary. The Partnership’s involvement with such entities is in the form of direct equity interests and fee arrangements. The maximum exposure to loss represents the loss of assets recognized by Blackstone relating to non-consolidated entities, any amounts due to non-consolidated entities and any clawback obligation relating to previously distributed Carried Interest. The assets and liabilities recognized in the Partnership’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition related to the Partnership’s interest in these non-consolidated VIEs and the Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss relating to non-consolidated VIEs were as follows:

 

     March 31,
2012
     December 31,
2011
 

Investments

   $ 290,638       $ 238,503   

Receivables

     76,023         94,050   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total VIE Assets

     366,661         332,553   

VIE Liabilities

     1,309         48   

Potential Clawback Obligation

     35,017         14,876   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Maximum Exposure to Loss

   $ 402,987       $ 347,477   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

34


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

10. REVERSE REPURCHASE AND REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS

At March 31, 2012, the Partnership received securities, primarily U.S. and non-U.S. government and agency securities, asset-backed securities and corporate debt, with a fair value of $83.2 million and cash as collateral for reverse repurchase agreements that could be repledged, delivered or otherwise used. Securities with a fair value of $83.2 million were repledged, delivered or used to settle Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased. The Partnership also pledged securities with a carrying value of $187.9 million and cash to collateralize its repurchase agreements. Such securities can be repledged, delivered or otherwise used by the counterparty.

 

11. BORROWINGS

The carrying value and fair value of the Blackstone issued notes as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were:

 

     March 31, 2012      December 31, 2011  
     Carrying
Value
     Fair
Value (a)
     Carrying
Value
     Fair
Value (a)
 

Blackstone Issued 5.875%, $400 Million Par, Notes Due 3/15/2021

   $ 398,273       $ 411,640       $ 398,237       $ 404,160   

Blackstone Issued 6.625%, $600 Million Par, Notes Due 8/15/2019

   $ 648,388       $ 647,520       $ 653,467       $ 640,440   

 

(a) Fair value is determined by broker quote and these notes would be classified as Level II within the fair value hierarchy.

Included within Loans Payable and Due to Affiliates are amounts due to holders of debt securities issued by Blackstone’s consolidated CLO vehicles. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Partnership’s borrowings through consolidated CLO vehicles consisted of the following:

 

     March 31, 2012      December 31, 2011  
     Borrowing
Outstanding
     Weighted
Average

Interest
Rate
    Weighted
Average
Remaining

Maturity
in Years
     Borrowing
Outstanding
     Weighted
Average

Interest
Rate
    Weighted
Average
Remaining

Maturity
in Years
 

Senior Secured Notes

   $ 12,288,214         1.79     4.2       $ 8,250,418         1.96     4.3   

Subordinated Notes

     1,447,851         (a     7.6         1,117,571         (a     7.2   
  

 

 

         

 

 

      
   $ 13,736,065            $ 9,367,989        
  

 

 

         

 

 

      

 

(a) The Subordinated Notes do not have contractual interest rates but instead receive distributions from the excess cash flows of the CLO vehicles.

Included within Senior Secured Notes and Subordinated Notes as of March 31, 2012 are amounts due to non-consolidated affiliates of $22.0 million and $308.0 million, respectively. The fair value of Senior Secured and Subordinated Notes as of March 31, 2012 was $11.0 billion and $857.8 million, respectively, of which $16.9 million and $198.7 million represents the amounts due to affiliates.

 

35


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Included within Senior Secured Notes and Subordinated Notes as of December 31, 2011 are amounts due to non-consolidated affiliates of $101.8 million and $323.6 million, respectively. The fair value of Senior Secured and Subordinated Notes as of December 31, 2011 was $7.4 billion and $630.2 million, respectively, of which $86.9 million and $205.4 million represents the amounts due to affiliates.

The Loans Payable of the consolidated CLO vehicles are collateralized by assets held by each respective CLO vehicle and assets of one vehicle may not be used to satisfy the liabilities of another. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the fair value of the consolidated CLO assets was $13.1 billion and $8.7 billion, respectively. This collateral consisted of Cash, Corporate Loans, Corporate Bonds and other securities.

As part of Blackstone’s borrowing arrangements, the Partnership is subject to certain financial and operating covenants. The Partnership was in compliance with all of its loan covenants as of March 31, 2012.

Scheduled principal payments for borrowings as of March 31, 2012 were as follows:

 

     Operating
Borrowings
     Blackstone Fund
Facilities / CLO
Vehicles
     Total
Borrowings
 

2012

   $ 891       $ 13,541       $ 14,432   

2013

     1,188         76,607         77,795   

2014

     5,040         301,035         306,075   

2015

     —           652,128         652,128   

Thereafter

     1,000,000         12,700,602         13,700,602   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 1,007,119       $ 13,743,913       $ 14,751,032   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

12. INCOME TAXES

Blackstone’s effective tax rate was 8.49% and 33.14% for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Blackstone’s income tax provision was an expense of $38.8 million and an expense of $38.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Blackstone’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 was substantially due to the following: (a) certain corporate subsidiaries are subject to federal, state, local and foreign income taxes as applicable and other subsidiaries are subject to New York City unincorporated business taxes, and (b) a portion of compensation charges are not deductible for tax purposes.

 

36


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

13. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON UNIT

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common unit for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011 was calculated as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
             2012                      2011          

Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.  

   $ 58,325       $ 42,704   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Basic Net Income Per Common Unit:

     

Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding

     506,985,529         447,742,389   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Basic Net Income Per Common Unit

   $ 0.12       $ 0.10   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted Net Income Per Common Unit:

     

Weighted-Average Common Units Outstanding

     506,985,529         447,742,389   

Weighted-Average Unvested Deferred Restricted Common Units

     10,404,029         9,910,527   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted-Average Diluted Common Units Outstanding

     517,389,558         457,652,916   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted Net Income Per Common Unit

   $ 0.11       $ 0.09   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table summarizes the anti-dilutive securities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
               2012                           2011             

Weighted-Average Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units

     602,817,069         658,290,684   

Unit Repurchase Program

In January 2008, Blackstone announced that the Board of Directors of its general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., had authorized the repurchase by Blackstone of up to $500 million of Blackstone Common Units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Under this unit repurchase program, units may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. The timing and the actual number of Blackstone Common Units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including legal requirements, price and economic and market conditions. This unit repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date.

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, no units were repurchased. As of March 31, 2012, the amount remaining available for repurchases under this program was $335.8 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2011, Blackstone repurchased 116,270 vested Blackstone Common Units as part of the unit repurchase program for a total fair value of $2.1 million. As of March 31, 2011, the amount remaining available for repurchases was $335.8 million under this program.

 

14. EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION

The Partnership has granted equity-based compensation awards to Blackstone’s senior managing directors, non-partner professionals, non-professionals and selected external advisors under the Partnership’s 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Equity Plan”), the majority of which to date were granted in connection with the IPO. The

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Equity Plan allows for the granting of options, unit appreciation rights or other unit-based awards (units, restricted units, restricted common units, deferred restricted common units, phantom restricted common units or other unit-based awards based in whole or in part on the fair value of the Blackstone Common Units or Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units) which may contain certain service or performance requirements. As of January 1, 2012, the Partnership had the ability to grant 162,195,378 units under the Equity Plan.

For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, the Partnership recorded compensation expense of $222.4 million and $426.3 million, respectively, in relation to its equity-based awards with corresponding tax benefits of $5.5 million and $4.2 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2012, there was $2.3 billion of estimated unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested awards. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.1 years.

Total vested and unvested outstanding units, including Blackstone Common Units, Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units and deferred restricted common units, were 1,129,335,568 as of March 31, 2012. Total outstanding unvested phantom units were 219,398 as of March 31, 2012.

A summary of the status of the Partnership’s unvested equity-based awards as of March 31, 2012 and a summary of changes during the period January 1, 2012 through March 31, 2012 is presented below:

 

      Blackstone Holdings      The Blackstone Group L.P.  
   Partnership
Units
    Weighted-
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
     Equity Settled Awards      Cash Settled Awards  

Unvested Units

        Deferred
Restricted
Common
Units and
Options
    Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
     Phantom
Units
     Weighted-
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
 

Balance, December 31, 2011

     89,644,650      $ 29.88         17,635,945      $ 18.50         218,583       $ 13.88   

Granted

     1,612,611        14.04         1,040,485        12.56         815         12.05   

Vested

     (848,201     13.26         (1,187,227     5.33         —           —     

Forfeited

     (2,011,653     31.00         (260,079     17.07         —           —     
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

    

Balance, March 31, 2012

     88,397,407      $ 29.72         17,229,124      $ 19.07         219,398       $ 15.11   
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

    

Units Expected to Vest

The following unvested units, after expected forfeitures, as of March 31, 2012, are expected to vest:

 

     Units      Weighted-Average
Service Period in
Years
 

Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units

     83,361,721         3.0   

Deferred Restricted Blackstone Common Units and Options

     14,870,659         2.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Equity-Based Awards

     98,232,380         3.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Phantom Units

     202,875         3.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Affiliate Receivables and Payables

As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, Due from Affiliates and Due to Affiliates comprised the following:

 

     March 31,
2012
     December 31,
2011
 

Due from Affiliates

     

Accrual for Potential Clawback of Previously Distributed Carried Interest

   $ 170,712       $ 167,415   

Primarily Interest Bearing Advances Made on Behalf of Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders and Blackstone Employees for Investments in Blackstone Funds

     198,085         223,281   

Amounts Due from Portfolio Companies and Funds

     261,224         234,254   

Investments Redeemed in Non-Consolidated Funds of Funds

     3,576         67,608   

Management and Performance Fees Due from Non-Consolidated Funds of Funds

     83,788         71,162   

Payments Made on Behalf of Non-Consolidated Entities

     98,176         87,711   

Advances Made to Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders and Blackstone Employees

     6,934         9,083   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 822,495       $ 860,514   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
     March 31,
2012
     December 31,
2011
 

Due to Affiliates

     

Due to Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Connection with the Tax Receivable Agreements

   $ 1,136,816       $ 1,112,330   

Accrual for Potential Repayment of Previously Received Performance Fees

     269,702         266,300   

Due to Note-Holders of Consolidated CLO Vehicles

     215,582         292,372   

Distributions Received on Behalf of Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders and Blackstone Employees

     26,293         20,526   

Payable to Affiliates for Consolidated Funds in Liquidation

     47,721         58,793   

Distributions Received on Behalf of Blackstone Entities

     21,864         42,620   

Payments Made by Non-Consolidated Entities

     6,015         18,527   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,723,993       $ 1,811,468   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Interests of the Founder, Senior Managing Directors and Employees

The founder, senior managing directors and employees invest on a discretionary basis in the Blackstone Funds both directly and through consolidated entities. Their investments may be subject to preferential management fee and performance fee arrangements. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the founder’s, other senior managing directors’ and employees’ investments aggregated $776.9 million and $715.5 million, respectively, and the founder’s, other senior managing directors’ and employees’ share of the Net Income Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling and Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities aggregated $33.4 million and $70.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

Revenues Earned from Affiliates

Management and Advisory Fees earned from affiliates totaled $48.0 million and $70.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Fees relate primarily to transaction and monitoring fees which are made in the ordinary course of business and under terms that would have been obtained from unaffiliated third parties.

Loans to Affiliates

Loans to affiliates consist of interest-bearing advances to certain Blackstone individuals to finance their investments in certain Blackstone Funds. These loans earn interest at Blackstone’s cost of borrowing and such interest totaled $1.3 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. No such loans to any director or executive officer of Blackstone have been made or were outstanding since March 22, 2007, the date of Blackstone’s initial filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission of a registration statement relating to its initial public offering.

Contingent Repayment Guarantee

Blackstone and its personnel who have received Carried Interest distributions have guaranteed payment on a several basis (subject to a cap) to the Carry Funds of any clawback obligation with respect to the excess Carried Interest allocated to the general partners of such funds and indirectly received thereby to the extent that either Blackstone or its personnel fails to fulfill its clawback obligation, if any. The Accrual for Possible Repayment of Previously Received Performance Fees represents amounts previously paid to Blackstone Holdings and non-controlling interest holders that would need to be repaid to the Blackstone Funds if the Carry Funds were to be liquidated based on the fair value of their underlying investments as of March 31, 2012. See Note 16. “Commitments and Contingencies — Contingencies — Contingent Obligations (Clawback)”.

Aircraft and Other Services

In the normal course of business, Blackstone personnel have made use of aircraft owned as personal assets by Stephen A. Schwarzman (“Personal Aircraft”). In addition, on occasion, Mr. Schwarzman and his family have made use of an aircraft in which Blackstone owns a fractional interest, as well as other assets of Blackstone. Mr. Schwarzman paid for his purchases of the aircraft himself and bears all operating, personnel and maintenance costs associated with their operation. In addition, Mr. Schwarzman is charged for his and his family’s personal use of Blackstone assets based on market rates and usage. Payment by Blackstone for the use of the Personal Aircraft by other Blackstone employees are made at market rates. Personal use of Blackstone resources are also reimbursed to Blackstone at market rates. The transactions described herein are not material to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Tax Receivable Agreements

Blackstone used a portion of the proceeds from the IPO and the sale of non-voting common units to Beijing Wonderful Investments to purchase interests in the predecessor businesses from the predecessor owners. In addition, holders of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units may exchange their Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units for Blackstone Common Units on a one-for-one basis. The purchase and subsequent exchanges are expected to result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Blackstone Holdings and therefore reduce the amount of tax that Blackstone’s wholly-owned subsidiaries would otherwise be required to pay in the future.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

One of the subsidiaries of the Partnership which is a corporate taxpayer has entered into tax receivable agreements with each of the predecessor owners and additional tax receivable agreements have been executed, and will continue to be executed, with newly-admitted senior managing directors and others who acquire Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. The agreements provide for the payment by the corporate taxpayer to such owners of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax that the corporate taxpayers actually realize as a result of the aforementioned increases in tax basis and of certain other tax benefits related to entering into these tax receivable agreements. For purposes of the tax receivable agreements, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing the actual income tax liability of the corporate taxpayers to the amount of such taxes that the corporate taxpayers would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Blackstone Holdings as a result of the exchanges and had the corporate taxpayers not entered into the tax receivable agreements.

Assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law and that the corporate taxpayers earn sufficient taxable income to realize the full tax benefit of the increased amortization of the assets, the expected future payments under the tax receivable agreements (which are taxable to the recipients) will aggregate $1,136.8 million over the next 15 years. The after-tax net present value of these estimated payments totals $318.9 million assuming a 15% discount rate and using Blackstone’s most recent projections relating to the estimated timing of the benefit to be received. Future payments under the tax receivable agreements in respect of subsequent exchanges would be in addition to these amounts. The payments under the tax receivable agreements are not conditioned upon continued ownership of Blackstone equity interests by the pre-IPO owners and the others mentioned above.

Other

Blackstone does business with and on behalf of some of its Portfolio Companies; all such arrangements are on a negotiated basis.

 

16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Commitments

Investment Commitments

Blackstone had $1.4 billion of investment commitments as of March 31, 2012 representing general partner capital funding commitments to the Blackstone Funds, limited partner capital funding to other funds and Blackstone principal investment commitments. The consolidated Blackstone Funds had signed investment commitments of $34.2 million as of March 31, 2012 which includes $12.3 million of signed investment commitments for portfolio company acquisitions in the process of closing.

Contingencies

Guarantees

Certain of Blackstone’s consolidated real estate funds guarantee payments to third parties in connection with the on-going business activities and/or acquisitions of their Portfolio Companies. There is no direct recourse to the Partnership to fulfill such obligations. To the extent that underlying funds are required to fulfill guarantee obligations, the Partnership’s invested capital in such funds is at risk. Total investments at risk in respect of guarantees extended by consolidated real estate funds was $5.0 million as of March 31, 2012.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

On March 28, 2012, the Blackstone Holdings Partnerships entered into a guaranty agreement with a lending institution in which the Holdings Partnerships guarantee certain loans held by employees for investment in Blackstone funds. The amount guaranteed as of March 31, 2012 was $27.0 million.

Litigation

From time to time, Blackstone is named as a defendant in legal actions relating to transactions conducted in the ordinary course of business. Although there can be no assurance of the outcome of such legal actions, in the opinion of management, Blackstone does not have a potential liability related to any current legal proceeding or claim that would individually or in the aggregate materially affect its results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Contingent Obligations (Clawback)

Carried Interest is subject to clawback to the extent that the Carried Interest received to date exceeds the amount due to Blackstone based on cumulative results.

The actual clawback liability, however, does not become realized until the end of a fund’s life except for Blackstone’s real estate funds which may have an interim clawback liability come due after a realized loss is incurred, depending on the fund. The lives of the carry funds with a potential clawback obligation, including available contemplated extensions, are currently anticipated to expire at various points beginning toward the end of 2012 and extending through 2018. Further extensions of such terms may be implemented under given circumstances.

For financial reporting purposes, the general partners have recorded a liability for potential clawback obligations to the limited partners of some of the carry funds due to changes in the unrealized value of a fund’s remaining investments and where the fund’s general partner has previously received Carried Interest distributions with respect to such fund’s realized investments.

The following table presents the clawback obligations by segment:

 

     March 31, 2012      December 31, 2011  

Segment

   Blackstone
Holdings
     Current and
Former Personnel
     Total      Blackstone
Holdings
     Current and
Former Personnel
     Total  

Private Equity

   $ 68,150       $ 133,990       $ 202,140       $ 68,044       $ 128,756       $ 196,800   

Real Estate

     30,840         36,722         67,562         30,841         38,659         69,500   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 98,990       $ 170,712       $ 269,702       $ 98,885       $ 167,415       $ 266,300   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

A portion of the Carried Interest paid to current and former Blackstone personnel is held in segregated accounts in the event of a cash clawback obligation. These segregated accounts are not included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Partnership, except to the extent a portion of the assets held in the segregated accounts may be allocated to a consolidated Blackstone fund of hedge funds. At March 31, 2012, $411.8 million was held in segregated accounts for the purpose of meeting any clawback obligations of current and former personnel if such payments are required.

 

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Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

17. SEGMENT REPORTING

Blackstone transacts its primary business in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically.

Blackstone conducts its alternative asset management and financial advisory businesses through five segments:

 

   

Private Equity — Blackstone’s Private Equity segment comprises its management of private equity funds and certain multi-asset class investment funds.

 

   

Real Estate — Blackstone’s Real Estate segment primarily comprises its management of general opportunistic real estate funds and internationally focused opportunistic real estate funds. In addition, the segment has debt investment funds targeting non-controlling real estate debt-related investment opportunities in the public and private markets, primarily in the United States and Europe.

 

   

Hedge Fund Solutions — Blackstone’s Hedge Fund Solutions segment is comprised of Blackstone Alternative Asset Management (“BAAM”), an institutional solutions provider utilizing hedge funds across a variety of strategies.

 

   

Credit Businesses — Blackstone’s Credit Businesses segment is comprised principally of GSO and manages credit-oriented funds, CLOs, credit-focused separately managed accounts and publicly registered debt-focused investment companies.

 

   

Financial Advisory — Blackstone’s Financial Advisory segment comprises its financial advisory services, restructuring and reorganization advisory services and Park Hill Group, which provides fund placement services for alternative investment funds.

These business segments are differentiated by their various sources of income. The Private Equity, Real Estate, Hedge Fund Solutions and Credit Businesses segments primarily earn their income from management fees and investment returns on assets under management, while the Financial Advisory segment primarily earns its income from fees related to investment banking services and advice and fund placement services.

Blackstone uses Economic Net Income (“ENI”) as a key measure of value creation, a benchmark of its performance and in making resource deployment and compensation decisions across its five segments. ENI represents segment net income before taxes excluding transaction-related charges. Transaction-related charges arise from Blackstone’s IPO and long-term retention programs outside of annual deferred compensation and other corporate actions, including acquisitions. Transaction-related charges include equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets and contingent consideration associated with acquisitions. ENI presents revenues and expenses on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds Blackstone manages.

Management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Blackstone’s business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that is presented without the consolidation of any of the Blackstone Funds that are consolidated into the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Consequently, all segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results related to the Blackstone Funds.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following table presents the financial data for Blackstone’s five segments as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:

 

    Three Months Ended March 31, 2012  
    Private
Equity
    Real Estate     Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit
Businesses
    Financial
Advisory
    Total
Segments
 

Segment Revenues

           

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

           

Base Management Fees

  $ 85,789      $ 147,802      $ 81,821      $ 80,094      $ —        $ 395,506   

Advisory Fees

    —          —          —          —          75,846        75,846   

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

    18,097        14,412        92        5,725        145        38,471   

Management Fee Offsets

    (3,782     (8,627     (335     (306     —          (13,050
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management and Advisory Fees, Net

    100,104        153,587        81,578        85,513        75,991        496,773   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

           

Realized

    3,933        8,616        3,298        2,992        —          18,839   

Unrealized

    34,051        229,414        23,187        80,265        —          366,917   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

    37,984        238,030        26,485        83,257        —          385,756   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income (Loss)

           

Realized

    13,911        7,812        503        683        583        23,492   

Unrealized

    16,469        25,912        8,371        9,211        (49     59,914   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

    30,380        33,724        8,874        9,894        534        83,406   

Interest and Dividend Revenue

    2,420        2,552        386        2,425        1,562        9,345   

Other

    (215     (709     (127     (238     82        (1,207
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

    170,673        427,184        117,196        180,851        78,169        974,073   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

           

Compensation and Benefits

           

Compensation

    52,547        68,889        28,233        37,143        67,960        254,772   

Performance Fee Compensation

           

Realized

    320        4,079        1,378        6,413        —          12,190   

Unrealized

    (1,052     58,043        7,294        33,037        —          97,322   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

    51,815        131,011        36,905        76,593        67,960        364,284   

Other Operating Expenses

    28,881        28,924        13,934        17,096        20,686        109,521   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

    80,696        159,935        50,839        93,689        88,646        473,805   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Net Income

  $ 89,977      $ 267,249      $ 66,357      $ 87,162      $ (10,477   $ 500,268   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment Assets as of March 31, 2012

  $ 3,883,401      $ 4,356,603      $ 833,839      $ 1,793,851      $ 548,554      $ 11,416,248   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

44


Table of Contents

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

    Three Months Ended March 31, 2011  
    Private
Equity
    Real
Estate
    Hedge Fund
Solutions
    Credit
Businesses
    Financial
Advisory
    Total
Segments
 

Segment Revenues

           

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

           

Base Management Fees

  $ 79,935      $ 95,439      $ 75,612      $ 54,601      $ —        $ 305,587   

Advisory Fees

    —          —          —          —          70,252        70,252   

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

    35,342        21,543        727        745        6        58,363   

Management Fee Offsets

    (7,889     (505     (124     (18     —          (8,536
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management and Advisory
Fees, Net

    107,388        116,477        76,215        55,328        70,258        425,666   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

           

Realized

    82,389        2,593        893        9,725        —          95,600   

Unrealized

    32,537        368,104        19,253        85,303        —          505,197   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

    114,926        370,697        20,146        95,028        —          600,797   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income

           

Realized

    17,907        2,919        1,341        1,235        97        23,499   

Unrealized

    29,126        61,406        7,120        4,532        393        102,577   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

    47,033        64,325        8,461        5,767        490        126,076   

Interest and Dividend Revenue

    3,505        3,288        516        453        1,686        9,448   

Other

    811        860        104        98        386        2,259   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

    273,663        555,647        105,442        156,674        72,820        1,164,246   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

           

Compensation and Benefits

           

Compensation

    54,924        57,627        28,093        29,549        54,339        224,532   

Performance Fee Compensation

           

Realized

    7,718        1,230        300        5,295        —          14,543   

Unrealized

    5,464        106,501        5,358        45,202        —          162,525   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

    68,106        165,358        33,751        80,046        54,339        401,600   

Other Operating Expenses

    28,713        28,366        13,008        15,357        17,531        102,975   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

    96,819        193,724        46,759        95,403        71,870        504,575   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Net Income

  $ 176,844      $ 361,923      $ 58,683      $ 61,271      $ 950      $ 659,671   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

The following table reconciles the Total Segments to Blackstone’s Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes and Total Assets as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:

 

     March 31, 2012 and the Three Months Then Ended  
     Total
Segments
     Consolidation
Adjustments
and Reconciling

Items
    Blackstone
Consolidated
 

Revenues

   $ 974,073       $ (22,037 )(a)    $ 952,036   

Expenses

   $ 473,805       $ 309,988 (b)    $ 783,793   

Other Income

   $ —         $ 288,142 (c)    $ 288,142   

Economic Net Income

   $ 500,268       $ (43,883 )(d)    $ 456,385   

Total Assets

   $ 11,416,248       $ 15,130,113 (e)    $ 26,546,361   
     Three Months Ended March 31, 2011  
     Total
Segments
     Consolidation
Adjustments
and Reconciling
Items
    Blackstone
Consolidated
 

Revenues

   $ 1,164,246       $ (10,977 )(a)    $ 1,153,269   

Expenses

   $ 504,575       $ 486,289 (b)    $ 990,864   

Other Income

   $ —         $ (45,191 )(c)    $ (45,191

Economic Net Income (Loss)

   $ 659,671       $ (542,457 )(d)    $ 117,214   

 

(a) The Revenues adjustment principally represents management and performance fees earned from Blackstone Funds which were eliminated in consolidation to arrive at Blackstone consolidated revenues.
(b) The Expenses adjustment represents the addition of expenses of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to the Blackstone unconsolidated expenses, amortization of intangibles and expenses related to transaction-related equity-based compensation to arrive at Blackstone consolidated expenses.
(c) The Other Income adjustment results from the following:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
             2012                      2011          

Fund Management Fees and Performance Fees Eliminated in Consolidation

   $ 20,598       $ 9,103   

Fund Expenses Added in Consolidation

     22,707         12,213   

Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities

     251,902         (71,056

Transaction-Related Other Income

     (7,065      4,549   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Consolidation Adjustments and Reconciling Items

   $ 288,142       $ (45,191
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Continued

(All Dollars Are in Thousands, Except Unit and Per Unit Data, Except Where Noted)

 

(d) The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes as reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations consists of the following:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
             2012                     2011          

Economic Net Income

   $ 500,268      $ 659,671   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjustments

    

Amortization of Intangibles

     (50,888     (44,174

IPO and Acquisition-Related Charges

     (244,897     (427,227

Non-Controlling Interests in Income (Loss) of Consolidated Entities

     251,902        (71,056
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Consolidation Adjustments and Reconciling Items

     (43,883     (542,457
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (Loss) Before Provision (Benefit) for Taxes

   $ 456,385      $ 117,214   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(e) The Total Assets adjustment represents the addition of assets of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to the Blackstone unconsolidated assets to arrive at Blackstone consolidated assets.

 

18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

There have been no events since March 31, 2012 that require recognition or disclosure in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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ITEM 1A. UNAUDITED SUPPLEMENTAL PRESENTATION OF STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Unaudited Consolidating Statements of Financial Condition

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     March 31, 2012  
     Consolidated
Operating
Partnerships
     Consolidated
Blackstone
Funds (a)
     Reclasses and
Eliminations
    Consolidated  

Assets

          

Cash and Cash Equivalents

   $ 391,304       $ —         $ —        $ 391,304   

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

     22,030         762,056         —          784,086   

Investments†

     5,607,519         14,603,253         (462,248     19,748,524   

Accounts Receivable

     488,757         87,809         —          576,566   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     83,761         —           —          83,761   

Due from Affiliates

     813,163         40,876         (31,544     822,495   

Intangible Assets, Net

     689,565         —           —          689,565   

Goodwill

     1,703,602         —           —          1,703,602   

Other Assets

     325,976         129,912         —          455,888   

Deferred Tax Assets

     1,290,570         —           —          1,290,570   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 11,416,247       $ 15,623,906       $ (493,792   $ 26,546,361   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

          

Loans Payable

   $ 1,053,780       $ 11,639,749       $ —        $ 12,693,529   

Due to Affiliates

     1,453,164         333,623         (62,794     1,723,993   

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

     820,683         —           —          820,683   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     82,733         —           —          82,733   

Repurchase Agreements

     189,146         —           —          189,146   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     396,095         615,333         —          1,011,428   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

     3,995,601         12,588,705         (62,794     16,521,512   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     —           618,417         —          618,417   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Partners’ Capital

          

Partners’ Capital

     4,380,744         432,150         (432,150     4,380,744   

Appropriated Partners’ Capital

     —           764,741         —          764,741   

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

     2,513         784         —          3,297   

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     517,802         1,219,109         1,152        1,738,063   

Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     2,519,587         —           —          2,519,587   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Partners’ Capital

     7,420,646         2,416,784         (430,998     9,406,432   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

   $ 11,416,247       $ 15,623,906       $ (493,792   $ 26,546,361   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Included within Investments of the Consolidated Operating Partnerships is $2.2 billion representing Performance Fees due from the Blackstone Funds.

 

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THE BLACKSTONE GROUP L.P.

Unaudited Consolidating Statements of Financial Condition—(Continued)

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     December 31, 2011  
     Consolidated
Operating
Partnerships
     Consolidated
Blackstone
Funds (a)
     Reclasses and
Eliminations
    Consolidated  

Assets

          

Cash and Cash Equivalents

   $ 754,744       $ —         $ —        $ 754,744   

Cash Held by Blackstone Funds and Other

     46,282         678,480         —          724,762   

Investments

     5,289,125         10,282,084         (442,910     15,128,299   

Accounts Receivable

     347,241         58,899         —          406,140   

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

     139,485         —           —          139,485   

Due from Affiliates

     784,095         107,042         (30,623     860,514   

Intangible Assets, Net

     595,488         —           —          595,488   

Goodwill

     1,703,602         —           —          1,703,602   

Other Assets

     325,269         12,127         —          337,396   

Deferred Tax Assets

     1,258,699         —           —          1,258,699   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 11,244,030       $ 11,138,632       $ (473,533   $ 21,909,129   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

          

Loans Payable

   $ 1,066,432       $ 7,801,136       $ —        $ 8,867,568   

Due to Affiliates

     1,425,558         437,520         (51,610     1,811,468   

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

     903,260         —           —          903,260   

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

     143,825         —           —          143,825   

Repurchase Agreements

     101,849         —           —          101,849   

Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

     414,080         414,866         (73     828,873   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

     4,055,004         8,653,522         (51,683     12,656,843   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     —           585,606         —          585,606   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Partners’ Capital

          

Partners’ Capital

     4,281,841         421,898         (421,898     4,281,841   

Appropriated Partners’ Capital

     —           386,864         —          386,864   

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

     1,272         686         —          1,958   

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     445,393         1,090,056         48        1,535,497   

Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     2,460,520         —           —          2,460,520   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Partners’ Capital

     7,189,026         1,899,504         (421,850     8,666,680   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Partners’ Capital

   $ 11,244,030       $ 11,138,632       $ (473,533   $ 21,909,129   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a) The Consolidated Blackstone Funds consisted of the following:

Blackstone Distressed Securities Fund L.P.

Blackstone Market Opportunities Fund L.P.

Blackstone Strategic Alliance Fund L.P.

Blackstone Strategic Alliance Fund II L.P.

Blackstone Strategic Equity Fund L.P.

Blackstone Value Recovery Fund L.P.

Blackstone/GSO Secured Trust Ltd

 

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BTD CP Holdings, LP

GSO Legacy Associates II LLC

GSO Legacy Associates LLC

Shanghai Blackstone Equity Investment Partnership L.P.

Private equity side-by-side investment vehicles

Real estate side-by-side investment vehicles

Mezzanine side-by-side investment vehicles

Collateralized loan obligation vehicles

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with The Blackstone Group L.P.’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Our Business

Blackstone is one of the largest independent managers of private capital in the world. We also provide a wide range of financial advisory services, including financial advisory, restructuring and reorganization advisory and fund placement services.

Our business is organized into five business segments:

 

   

Private Equity. We are a world leader in private equity investing, having managed six general private equity funds, as well as two sector focused funds and a regionally focused fund, since we established this business in 1987. We refer to these funds collectively as our Blackstone Capital Partners (“BCP”) funds. We also manage certain multi-asset class investment funds. Through our private equity funds we pursue transactions throughout the world, including leveraged buyout acquisitions of seasoned companies, transactions involving growth equity or start-up businesses in established industries, minority investments, corporate partnerships, distressed debt, structured securities and industry consolidations, in all cases in strictly friendly transactions.

 

   

Real Estate. We are a world leader in real estate investing with real estate funds that are diversified geographically and across a variety of sectors. We launched our first real estate fund in 1994 and have managed six opportunistic real estate funds, three European focused real estate funds, and a number of real estate debt investment funds. In addition, in November 2010, we commenced our management of the Bank of America Merrill Lynch Asia real estate platform and during the second half of 2011, we held our initial closing and commenced the investment period on our seventh opportunistic real estate fund. Our real estate funds have made significant investments in lodging, major urban office buildings, shopping centers and a variety of real estate operating companies. In addition, our debt investment funds target high yield real estate debt related investment opportunities in the public and private markets, primarily in the United States and Europe. We refer to our real estate opportunistic funds as our Blackstone Real Estate Partners (“BREP”) funds and our real estate debt investment funds as our “BREDS” funds.

 

   

Hedge Fund Solutions. Blackstone’s Hedge Fund Solutions segment is comprised principally of Blackstone Alternative Asset Management (“BAAM”). BAAM was organized in 1990 and has developed into a leading institutional solutions provider utilizing hedge funds across a wide variety of strategies. BAAM is the world’s largest discretionary allocator to hedge funds.

 

   

Credit Businesses. Our Credit Businesses segment is comprised principally of GSO Capital Partners LP (“GSO”). GSO manages a variety of credit-oriented funds including senior credit-oriented funds, distressed debt funds, mezzanine funds, general credit-oriented funds and collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) vehicles. GSO is a world leader in credit-oriented products.

 

   

Financial Advisory. Our Financial Advisory segment serves a diverse and global group of clients with financial advisory services, restructuring and reorganization advisory services and fund placement services for alternative investment funds.

We generate revenue from fees earned pursuant to contractual arrangements with funds, fund investors and fund portfolio companies (including management, transaction and monitoring fees), and from financial advisory services, restructuring and reorganization advisory services and fund placement services for alternative investment funds. We invest in the funds we manage and, in most cases, receive a preferred allocation of income

 

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(i.e., a “Carried Interest”) or an incentive fee from an investment fund in the event that specified cumulative investment returns are achieved. The composition of our revenues will vary based on market conditions and the cyclicality of the different businesses in which we operate. Net investment gains and investment income generated by the Blackstone Funds, principally private equity and real estate funds, are driven by value created by our operating and strategic initiatives as well as overall market conditions. Our funds initially record fund investments at cost and then such investments are subsequently recorded at fair value. Fair values are affected by changes in the fundamentals of the portfolio company, the portfolio company’s industry, the overall economy and other market conditions.

Business Environment

World equity and credit markets moved sharply higher in the first quarter of 2012. Improving investor sentiment and appetite for risk assets were driven by generally firming economic data as well as an improved outlook regarding the European sovereign debt situation. Stock indices in both developed and developing markets experienced double-digit percentage increases, and volatility declined nearly to a five-year low. In credit, benchmark rates remain near historic lows, and high yield spreads narrowed approximately 100 basis points. Average leveraged loan prices moderately increased to 94% of par. While capital markets activity generally increased, M&A volumes have remained muted.

Monetary policy throughout the world was mixed, but in the U.S., the Federal Reserve has indicated continued commitment to accommodative policy, largely due to the slow recovery in employment. While the unemployment rate has continued to decline, it remains well above its historical norm at this point in an economic recovery. Corporate balance sheets and cash flows remained very healthy, although companies still remain cautious in hiring.

Commercial real estate performance metrics remained healthy with overall demand for commercial space continuing to recover from cyclical lows. The office sector has seen improving leasing velocity, particularly in tech and energy based markets, which has led to an increase in rents. New supply within the retail sector remains severely constrained and as of March 31, 2012 there were virtually no regional U.S. malls under development. The industrial sector reported the eighth consecutive quarter of positive absorption, and new supply has been limited by a continued lack of new construction financing. Trends within the U.S. hotel market remained positive with RevPAR (“Revenue per Available Room”) growing approximately 8% during the first quarter of 2012.

Blackstone’s businesses are materially affected by conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions in the U.S., Western Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, elsewhere in the world.

Key Financial Measures and Indicators

Our key financial measures and indicators are discussed below.

Revenues

Revenues primarily consist of management and advisory fees, performance fees, investment income, interest and dividend revenue and other. Please refer to “Part I. Item 1. Business — Incentive Arrangements / Fee Structure” and “Part I. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies — Revenue Recognition” in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the manner in which Base Management Fees and Performance Fees are generated.

Management and Advisory Fees — Management and Advisory Fees are comprised of management fees, including base management fees, transaction and other fees, management fee reductions and offsets, and advisory fees.

 

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The Partnership earns base management fees from limited partners of funds in each of its managed funds, at a fixed percentage of assets under management, net asset value, total assets, committed capital or invested capital, or in some cases, a fixed fee. Base management fees are based on contractual terms specified in the underlying investment advisory agreements.

Transaction and other fees (including monitoring fees) are fees charged directly to funds and portfolio companies. The investment advisory agreements generally require that the investment adviser reduce the amount of management fees payable by the limited partners to the Partnership (“management fee reductions”) by an amount equal to a portion of the transaction and other fees directly paid to the Partnership by the portfolio companies. The amount of the reduction varies by fund, the type of fee paid by the portfolio company and the previously incurred expenses of the fund.

Management fee offsets are reductions to management fees payable by our limited partners, which are granted based on the amount they reimburse Blackstone for placement fees.

Advisory fees consist of advisory retainer and transaction-based fee arrangements related to merger, acquisition, restructuring and divestiture activities and fund placement services for alternative investment funds. Advisory retainer fees are recognized when services for the transactions are complete, in accordance with terms set forth in individual agreements. Transaction-based fees are recognized when (a) there is evidence of an arrangement with a client, (b) agreed upon services have been provided, (c) fees are fixed or determinable and (d) collection is reasonably assured. Fund placement fees are recognized as earned upon the acceptance by a fund of capital or capital commitments.

Accrued but unpaid Management and Advisory Fees, net of management fee reductions and management fee offsets, as of the reporting date, are included in Accounts Receivable or Due From Affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Performance Fees — Performance Fees earned on the performance of Blackstone’s hedge fund structures are recognized based on fund performance during the period, subject to the achievement of minimum return levels, or high water marks, in accordance with the respective terms set out in each hedge fund’s governing agreements. Accrued but unpaid performance fees charged directly to investors in Blackstone’s offshore hedge funds as of the reporting date are recorded within Due from Affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Performance fees arising on Blackstone’s onshore hedge funds are allocated to the general partner. Accrued but unpaid performance fees on onshore funds as of the reporting date are reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

In certain fund structures, specifically in private equity, real estate and certain credit-oriented funds (“Carry Funds”), performance fees (“Carried Interest”) are allocated to the general partner based on cumulative fund performance to date, subject to a preferred return to limited partners. At the end of each reporting period, the Partnership calculates the Carried Interest that would be due to the Partnership for each fund, pursuant to the fund agreements, as if the fair value of the underlying investments were realized as of such date, irrespective of whether such amounts have been realized. As the fair value of underlying investments varies between reporting periods, it is necessary to make adjustments to amounts recorded as Carried Interest to reflect either (a) positive performance resulting in an increase in the Carried Interest allocated to the general partner or (b) negative performance that would cause the amount due to the Partnership to be less than the amount previously recognized as revenue, resulting in a negative adjustment to Carried Interest allocated to the general partner. In each scenario, it is necessary to calculate the Carried Interest on cumulative results compared to the Carried Interest recorded to date and make the required positive or negative adjustments. The Partnership ceases to record negative Carried Interest allocations once previously recognized Carried Interest allocations for such fund have been fully reversed. The Partnership is not obligated to pay guaranteed returns or hurdles, and therefore, cannot have negative Carried Interest over the life of a fund. Accrued but unpaid Carried Interest as of the reporting date is reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

 

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Carried Interest is realized when an underlying investment is profitably disposed of and the fund’s cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return. Performance fees earned on hedge fund structures are realized at the end of each fund’s measurement period.

Carried Interest is subject to clawback to the extent that the Carried Interest actually distributed to date exceeds the amount due to Blackstone based on cumulative results. As such, the accrual for potential repayment of previously received performance fees, which is a component of Due to Affiliates, represents all amounts previously distributed to Blackstone Holdings and non-controlling interest holders that would need to be repaid to the Blackstone Funds if the Blackstone Carry Funds were to be liquidated based on the current fair value of the underlying funds’ investments as of the reporting date. Generally, the actual clawback liability does not become realized until the end of a fund’s life or one year after a realized loss is incurred, depending on the fund.

Investment Income (Loss) — Investment Income (Loss) represents the unrealized and realized gains and losses on the Partnership’s principal investments, including its investments in Blackstone Funds that are not consolidated, its equity method investments, and other principal investments. Investment Income (Loss) is realized when the Partnership redeems all or a portion of its investment or when the Partnership receives cash income, such as dividends or distributions, from its non-consolidated funds. Unrealized Investment Income (Loss) results from changes in the fair value of the underlying investment as well as the reversal of unrealized gain (loss) at the time an investment is realized.

Interest and Dividend Revenue — Interest and Dividend Revenue comprises primarily interest and dividend income earned on principal investments held by Blackstone.

Other Revenue — Other Revenue consists of foreign exchange gains and losses arising on transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars and other revenues.

Expenses

Compensation and Benefits — Compensation — Compensation and Benefits consists of (a) employee compensation, comprising salary and bonus, and benefits paid and payable to employees, including senior managing directors and (b) equity-based compensation associated with the grants of equity-based awards to employees, including senior managing directors.

Equity-Based Compensation — Compensation cost relating to the issuance of share-based awards to senior managing directors and employees is measured at fair value at the grant date, taking into consideration expected forfeitures, and expensed over the vesting period on a straight line basis. Equity-based awards that do not require future service are expensed immediately. Cash settled equity-based awards are classified as liabilities and are re-measured at the end of each reporting period.

Compensation and Benefits — Performance Fee — Performance Fee Compensation and Benefits consists of Carried Interest and performance fee allocations to employees, including senior managing directors, participating in certain profit sharing initiatives. Such compensation expense is subject to both positive and negative adjustments. Unlike Carried Interest and performance fees, compensation expense is based on the performance of individual investments held by a fund rather than on a fund by fund basis.

Other Operating Expenses — Other operating expenses represent general and administrative expenses including interest expense, occupancy and equipment expenses and other expenses, which consist principally of professional fees, public company costs, travel and related expenses, communications and information services and depreciation and amortization.

Fund Expenses — The expenses of our consolidated Blackstone Funds consist primarily of interest expense, professional fees and other third-party expenses.

 

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Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities represent the component of Partners’ Capital in consolidated Blackstone Funds and side-by-side entities held by third party investors. The percentage interests held by third parties and employees is adjusted for general partner allocations and by subscriptions and redemptions in funds of hedge funds and certain credit-oriented funds which occur during the reporting period. In addition, all non-controlling interests in consolidated Blackstone Funds are attributed their share of income (loss) arising from the respective funds and their share of other comprehensive income, if applicable. Non-controlling interests related to funds of hedge funds and certain other credit-oriented funds are subject to annual, semi-annual or quarterly redemption by investors in these funds following the expiration of a specified period of time (typically between one and three years), or may be withdrawn subject to a redemption fee in the funds of hedge funds and certain credit-oriented funds during the period when capital may not be withdrawn. As limited partners in these types of funds have been granted redemption rights, amounts relating to third party interests in such consolidated funds are presented as Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. When redeemable amounts become legally payable to investors, they are classified as a liability and included in Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. For all consolidated funds in which redemption rights have not been granted, non-controlling interests are presented within Partners’ Capital in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities.

Income Taxes

The Blackstone Holdings partnerships and certain of their subsidiaries operate in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases are subject to New York City unincorporated business taxes or non-U.S. income taxes. In addition, certain of the wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Partnership and the Blackstone Holdings partnerships will be subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes at the entity level and the related tax provision attributable to the Partnership’s share of this income tax is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method of accounting. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, using tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Current and deferred tax liabilities are recorded within Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

Blackstone analyzes its tax filing positions in all of the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as for all open tax years in these jurisdictions. If, based on this analysis, the Partnership determines that uncertainties in tax positions exist, a reserve is established. Blackstone recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in General, Administrative, and Other expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

There remains some uncertainty regarding Blackstone’s future taxation levels. Over the past several years, a number of legislative and administrative proposals to change the taxation of Carried Interest have been introduced and, in certain cases, have been passed by the U.S. House of Representatives. On May 28, 2010, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation, or “May 2010 House bill”, that would have, in general, treated income and gains, including gain on sale, attributable to an investment services partnership interest, or “ISPI”, as income subject to a new blended tax rate that is higher than the capital gains rate applicable to such income under current law, except to the extent such ISPI would have been considered under the legislation to be a qualified capital interest. Our common units and the interests that we hold in entities that are entitled to receive Carried Interest would likely have been classified as ISPIs for purposes of this legislation. In June 2010, the U.S. Senate considered but did not pass legislation that was generally similar to the legislation passed by the U.S. House of

 

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Representatives. More recently, Representative Levin and Senator Harkin separately introduced similar legislation, or “2012 bills”, that would tax Carried Interest at ordinary income tax rates (which would be higher than the proposed blended rate under the May 2010 House bill). It is unclear whether or when the U.S. Congress will pass such legislation or what provisions will be included in any final legislation if enacted.

Each of the May 2010 House bill and the 2012 bills also provided that, for taxable years beginning ten years after the date of enactment, income derived with respect to an ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest and that is subject to the foregoing rules would not meet the qualifying income requirements under the publicly traded partnership rules. Therefore, if similar legislation were to be enacted, following such ten-year period, we would be precluded from qualifying as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes or be required to hold all such ISPIs through corporations.

On September 12, 2011, the Obama administration submitted similar legislation to Congress in the American Jobs Act that would tax income and gain, including gain on sale, attributable to an ISPI at ordinary rates, with an exception for certain qualified capital interests. The proposed legislation would also characterize certain income and gain in respect of ISPIs as non-qualifying income under the tax rules applicable to publicly traded partnerships after a ten-year transition period from the effective date, with an exception for certain qualified capital interests. This proposed legislation follows several prior statements by the Obama administration in support of changing the taxation of Carried Interest. In its published revenue proposal for 2013, the Obama administration proposed that the current law regarding the treatment of Carried Interest be changed to subject such income to ordinary income tax. The Obama administration proposed similar changes in its published revenue proposals for 2010, 2011 and 2012.

States and other jurisdictions have also considered legislation to increase taxes with respect to Carried Interest. For example, in 2010, the New York State Assembly passed a bill, which could have caused a non-resident of New York who holds our common units to be subject to New York state income tax on carried interest earned by entities in which we hold an indirect interest, thereby requiring the non-resident to file a New York state income tax return reporting such carried interest income. This legislation would have been retroactive to January 1, 2010. It is unclear whether or when similar legislation will be enacted. Finally, several state and local jurisdictions are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity level taxation through the imposition of state or local income, franchise or other forms of taxation or to increase the amount of such taxation.

If we were taxed as a corporation or were forced to hold interests in entities earning income from Carried Interest through taxable subsidiary corporations, our effective tax rate could increase significantly. The federal statutory rate for corporations is currently 35%, and the state and local tax rates, net of the federal benefit, aggregate approximately 10%. If a variation of the above described legislation or any other change in the tax laws, rules, regulations or interpretations preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules or force us to hold interests in entities earning income from Carried Interest through taxable subsidiary corporations, this could materially increase our tax liability, and could well result in a reduction in the market price of our common units.

It is not possible at this time to meaningfully quantify the potential impact on Blackstone of this potential future legislation or any similar legislation. Multiple versions of legislation in this area have been proposed over the last few years that have included significantly different provisions regarding effective dates and the treatment of invested capital, tiered entities and cross-border operations, among other matters. Depending upon what version of the legislation, if any, were enacted, the potential impact on a public company such as Blackstone in a given year could differ dramatically and could be material. In addition, these legislative proposals would not themselves impose a tax on a publicly traded partnership such as Blackstone. Rather, they could force Blackstone and other publicly traded partnerships to restructure their operations so as to prevent disqualifying income from reaching the publicly traded partnership in amounts that would disqualify the partnership from treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such a restructuring could result in more income being earned in corporate subsidiaries, thereby increasing corporate income tax liability indirectly borne by the publicly traded

 

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partnership. In addition, we, and our common unitholders, could be taxed on any such restructuring. The nature of any such restructuring would depend on the precise provisions of the legislation that was ultimately enacted, as well as the particular facts and circumstances of Blackstone’s operations at the time any such legislation were to take effect, making the task of predicting the amount of additional tax highly speculative.

On February 22, 2012, the Obama administration announced its “framework” of key elements to change the U.S. federal income tax rules for businesses. Few specifics were included, and it is unclear what any actual legislation would provide, when it would be proposed or what its prospects for enactment would be. Several parts of the framework, if enacted, could adversely affect us. First, the framework would reduce the deductibility of interest for corporations in some manner not specified. A reduction in interest deductions could increase our tax rate and thereby reduce cash available for distribution to investors or for other uses by us. Such a reduction could also increase the effective cost of financing by companies in which we invest, which could reduce the value of our Carried Interest in respect of such companies. The framework would also reduce the top marginal tax rate on corporations from 35% to 28%. Such a change could increase the effective cost of financing such investments, which could again reduce the value of our Carried Interest. The framework suggests some entities currently treated as partnerships for tax purposes should be subject to an entity-level income tax similar to the corporate income tax. If such a proposal caused us to be subject to additional entity-level taxes, it could reduce cash available for distribution to investors or for other uses by us. Finally, the framework reiterates the President’s support for treatment of Carried Interest as ordinary income, as provided in the President’s revenue proposal for 2013 described above. Because the framework did not include specifics, its effect on us is unclear.

Economic Net Income

Blackstone uses Economic Net Income (“ENI”) as a key measure of value creation, a benchmark of its performance and in making resource deployment and compensation decisions across its five segments. ENI represents segment net income before taxes excluding transaction-related charges. Transaction-related charges arise from Blackstone’s initial public offering (“IPO”) and long-term retention programs outside of annual deferred compensation and other corporate actions, including acquisitions. Transaction-related charges include equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets and contingent consideration associated with acquisitions. ENI presents revenues and expenses on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds we manage. (See Note 17. “Segment Reporting” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements.)

Distributable Earnings

Distributable Earnings, which is derived from our segment reported results, is a supplemental measure to assess performance and amounts available for distributions to Blackstone unitholders, including Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships. Distributable Earnings, which is a non-GAAP measure, is intended to show the amount of net realized earnings without the effects of the consolidation of the Blackstone Funds. Distributable Earnings is derived from and reconciled to, but not equivalent to, its most directly comparable GAAP measure of Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes. See “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Liquidity and Capital Resources” below for our discussion of Distributable Earnings.

Distributable Earnings, which is a component of Economic Net Income, is the sum across all segments of: (a) Total Management and Advisory Fees, (b) Interest and Dividend Revenue, (c) Other Revenue, (d) Realized Performance Fees, and (e) Realized Investment Income (Loss); less (a) Compensation, (b) Realized Performance Fee Compensation, (c) Other Operating Expenses and (d) Cash Taxes and Payables Under the Tax Receivable Agreement. It is Blackstone’s current intention that on an annual basis it will distribute to unitholders all of its Distributable Earnings, less realized investment gains and returns of capital from investments and acquisitions, in excess of amounts determined by its general partner to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of its business, to make appropriate investments in its business and funds, to comply with applicable law, any of its debt instruments or other agreements, or to provide for future distributions to its unitholders for any ensuing quarter.

 

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Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations

Blackstone uses Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations as a measure to highlight earnings from operations excluding: (a) the income related to performance fees and related performance fee compensation costs, (b) income earned from Blackstone’s investments in the Blackstone Funds, and (c) realized and unrealized gains (losses) from other investments except for such gains (losses) from Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies. Management uses Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations as a measure to assess whether recurring revenue from our businesses is sufficient to adequately cover all of our operating expenses and generate profits. Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations equals contractual fee revenues, investment income from Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies and interest income, less (a) compensation expenses (which includes amortization of non-IPO and non-acquisition-related equity-based awards, but excludes amortization of IPO and acquisition-related equity-based awards, Carried Interest and incentive fee compensation), (b) other operating expenses and (c) cash taxes due on earnings from operations as calculated using a similar methodology as applied in calculating the current tax provision (benefit) for The Blackstone Group L.P. See “— Liquidity and Capital Resources — Liquidity and Capital Resources” below for our discussion of Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations.

Operating Metrics

The alternative asset management business is a complex business that is primarily based on managing third party capital and does not require substantial capital investment to support rapid growth. However, there also can be volatility associated with its earnings and cash flows. Since our inception, we have developed and used various key operating metrics to assess and monitor the operating performance of our various alternative asset management businesses in order to monitor the effectiveness of our value creating strategies.

Assets Under Management. Assets Under Management refers to the assets we manage. Our Assets Under Management equals the sum of:

 

  (a) the fair value of the investments held by our carry funds plus the capital that we are entitled to call from investors in those funds pursuant to the terms of their capital commitments to those funds plus the fair value of co-investments managed by us,

 

  (b) the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, hedge funds, closed-end mutual funds and registered investment companies,

 

  (c) the fair value of assets we manage pursuant to separately managed accounts, and

 

  (d) the amount of capital raised for our CLOs.

Our carry funds are commitment-based drawdown structured funds that do not permit investors to redeem their interests at their election. Interests related to our funds of hedge funds and certain of our credit-oriented funds are generally subject to annual, semi-annual or quarterly withdrawal or redemption by investors upon advance written notice, with the majority of our funds requiring from 60 days up to 95 days’ notice, depending on the fund and the liquidity profile of the underlying assets. Investment advisory agreements related to separately managed accounts may generally be terminated by an investor on 30 to 90 days’ notice.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management. Fee-Earning Assets Under Management refers to the assets we manage on which we derive management and / or performance fees. Our Fee-Earning Assets Under Management equals the sum of:

 

  (a) for our Private Equity segment funds and carry funds in our Real Estate segment, which include certain real estate debt investment funds, the amount of capital commitments, remaining invested capital or par value of assets held, depending on the fee terms of the fund,

 

  (b) for our credit-oriented carry funds, the amount of remaining invested capital (which may include leverage) or net asset value, depending on the fee terms of the fund,

 

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  (c) the remaining invested capital of co-investments managed by us on which we receive fees,

 

  (d) the net asset value of our funds of hedge funds, hedge funds, certain credit-oriented closed-end registered investment companies, and our closed-end mutual funds,

 

  (e) the fair value of assets we manage pursuant to separately managed accounts,

 

  (f) the gross amount of underlying assets of our CLOs at cost, and

 

  (g) the gross amount of assets (including leverage) for certain of our credit-oriented closed-end registered investment companies.

Our calculations of assets under management and fee-earning assets under management may differ from the calculations of other asset managers, and as a result this measure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other asset managers. In addition, our calculation of assets under management includes commitments to, and the fair value of, invested capital in our funds from Blackstone and our personnel, regardless of whether such commitments or invested capital are subject to fees. Our definitions of assets under management or fee-earning assets under management are not based on any definition of assets under management or fee-earning assets under management that is set forth in the agreements governing the investment funds that we manage.

For our carry funds, total assets under management includes the fair value of the investments held, whereas fee-earning assets under management includes the amount of capital commitments or the remaining amount of invested capital at cost, depending on whether the investment period has or has not expired. As such, fee-earning assets under management may be greater than total assets under management when the aggregate fair value of the remaining investments is less than the cost of those investments.

Limited Partner Capital Invested. Limited Partner Capital Invested represents the amount of Limited Partner capital commitments which were invested by our carry funds during each period presented, plus the capital invested through co-investments arranged by us that were made by limited partners in investments of our carry funds on which we receive fees or a Carried Interest allocation.

We manage our business using traditional financial measures and our key operating metrics since we believe that these metrics measure the productivity of our investment activities.

Consolidated Results of Operations

Following is a discussion of our consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. For a more detailed discussion of the factors that affected the results of our five business segments (which are presented on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds we manage) in these periods, see “— Segment Analysis” below.

 

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The following table sets forth information regarding our consolidated results of operations and certain key operating metrics for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    2012 vs. 2011  
     2012     2011     $     %  

Revenues

        

Management and Advisory Fees, Net

   $ 471,676      $ 412,738      $ 58,938        14
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

     18,839        96,203        (77,364     -80

Unrealized

     365,931        512,401        (146,470     -29
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     384,770        608,604        (223,834     -37
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income

        

Realized

     16,335        12,783        3,552        28

Unrealized

     72,826        107,395        (34,569     -32
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

     89,161        120,178        (31,017     -26
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     7,636        9,490        (1,854     -20

Other

     (1,207     2,259        (3,466     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     952,036        1,153,269        (201,233     -17
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     495,255        659,483        (164,228     -25

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

     12,190        14,543        (2,353     -16

Unrealized

     97,322        162,525        (65,203     -40
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     604,767        836,551        (231,784     -28

General, Administrative and Other

     142,766        129,386        13,380        10

Interest Expense

     14,518        13,803        715        5

Fund Expenses

     21,742        11,124        10,618        95
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     783,793        990,864        (207,071     -21
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other Income

        

Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities

     288,142        (45,191     333,333        N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income Before Provision for Taxes

     456,385        117,214        339,171        N/M   

Provision for Taxes

     38,753        38,850        (97     -0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income

     417,632        78,364        339,268        N/M   

Net Income Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     39,609        22,025        17,584        80

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

     212,293        (93,081     305,374        N/M   

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings

     107,405        106,716        689        1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

   $ 58,325      $ 42,704      $ 15,621        37
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M  Not meaningful.

 

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Revenues

Total Revenues were $952.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $201.2 million compared to Total Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 of $1.2 billion. The decrease in revenues was primarily attributable to a decrease of $223.8 million in Performance Fees and a decrease of $31.0 million in Investment Income, partially offset by an increase in Management and Advisory Fees of $58.9 million. The decrease in Performance Fees was across the Real Estate, Private Equity and Credit Businesses segments, primarily driven by decreases in the net appreciation of the fair value of our BREP V and BREP VI carry funds’ investments in our Real Estate segment, the lower net return in the BCP IV portfolio in our Private Equity segment, and the weaker performance across the Credit Businesses’ strategies. The increase in Management and Advisory Fees was primarily due to increases in Base Management Fees in our Real Estate segment, driven by fees earned from the commencement of BREP VII and management fees earned from our co-investments, and increases in Base Management Fees in our Credit Businesses, Hedge Fund Solutions and Private Equity segments. The increase in the Credit Businesses segment was driven by higher Fee-Earning Assets Under Management, which was due to the acquisition of Harbourmaster in January 2012 and the acquisition of the Allied Irish Banks CLOs during the second quarter of 2011. The increase in the Hedge Fund Solutions segment was driven by higher Fee-Earning Assets Under Management and the increase in the Private Equity segment was principally a result of fees generated by Blackstone Energy Partners (“BEP”), which commenced its investment period during the third quarter of 2011.

Expenses

Expenses were $783.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $207.1 million, or 21%, compared to $990.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease of $231.8 million in Compensation and Benefits driven by a decrease in Performance Fee Compensation due to weaker performance in our Real Estate, Private Equity and Credit Businesses segments, and a decrease in Compensation. Compensation decreased $164.2 million from the prior year period to $495.3 million. This decrease was primarily attributed to a decrease in the equity-based amortization charges on our transaction-related awards. General, Administrative and Other expenses were $142.8 million for the current year, an increase of $13.4 million, driven primarily by the levels of business activity, revenue growth and headcount.

Other Income

Other Income - Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities is attributable to the consolidated Blackstone Funds which are largely held by third party investors. As such, most of this Other Income is eliminated from the results attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P. through the redeemable non-controlling interests and non-controlling interests items in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Other Income was $288.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $333.3 million compared to $(45.2) million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The change was principally driven by increases in unrealized gains relating to the consolidated CLO vehicles. This increase was due to a greater demand in the market from the first quarter of 2011 for the underlying investments held by the consolidated CLO vehicles which raised asset values as well as the consolidation of the CLO vehicles from the Harbourmaster and Allied Irish Banks acquisitions.

Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities

The Net Income Attributable to Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests and Consolidated Entities and Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities is attributable to the consolidated Blackstone Funds. The amounts of these items vary directly with the performance of the consolidated Blackstone Funds and largely eliminate the amount of Other Income - Net Gains (Losses) from Fund Investment Activities from the Net Income Attributable to The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

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The Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Blackstone Holdings for the first quarter of 2012 is largely unchanged from the first quarter of 2011.

Operating Metrics

The following tables present certain operating metrics for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. For a description of how Assets Under Management and Fee-Earning Assets Under Management are determined, please see “— Key Financial Measures and Indicators — Operating Metrics — Assets Under Management and Fee-Earning Assets Under Management”:

 

     Fee-Earning Assets Under Management      Assets Under Management  
     March 31,      March 31,  
     2012      2011      2012      2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Private Equity

   $ 37,323,635       $ 35,892,804       $ 47,624,013       $ 43,955,392   

Real Estate

     36,647,462         26,454,012         48,322,760         34,990,590   

Hedge Fund Solutions

     40,543,772         35,847,002         43,351,275         39,542,086   

Credit Businesses

     41,746,577         25,838,878         50,776,119         31,475,397   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period (a)

   $ 156,261,446       $ 124,032,696       $ 190,074,167       $ 149,963,465   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 136,756,753      $ 109,500,222   

Inflows, including Commitments (b)

     19,555,937        18,038,657   

Outflows, including Distributions (c)

     (2,491,591     (4,816,697

Market Appreciation (d)

     2,440,347        1,310,514   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period (a)

   $ 156,261,446      $ 124,032,696   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 19,504,693      $ 14,532,474   

Increase

     14     13

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 166,228,504      $ 128,123,920   

Inflows, including Commitments (b)

     21,484,309        21,205,724   

Outflows, including Distributions (c)

     (3,114,052     (4,272,437

Market Appreciation (d)

     5,475,406        4,906,258   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period (a)

   $ 190,074,167      $ 149,963,465   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 23,845,663      $ 21,839,545   

Increase

     14     17

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     2012 vs. 2011  
     2012      2011      $      %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Capital Deployed

           

Limited Partner Capital Invested

   $ 2,719,772       $ 1,658,315       $ 1,061,457         64
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Fee-Earning Assets Under Management and Assets Under Management as of March 31, 2012 included $297.8 million from a joint venture in which we are the minority interest holder.

 

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(b) Inflows represent contributions in our hedge funds and closed-end mutual funds, increases in available capital for our carry funds (capital raises, recallable capital and increased side-by-side commitments) and CLOs and increases in the capital we manage pursuant to separately managed account programs.
(c) Outflows represent redemptions in our hedge funds and closed-end mutual funds, client withdrawals from our separately managed account programs, decreases in available capital for our carry funds (expired capital, expense drawdowns and decreased side-by-side commitments) and realizations from the disposition of assets by our carry funds. Also included is the distribution of funds associated with the discontinuation of our proprietary single manager hedge funds.
(d) Market appreciation (depreciation) includes realized and unrealized gains (losses) on portfolio investments and the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $156.3 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $19.5 billion, or 14%, compared to $136.8 billion at December 31, 2011. Inflows of $19.6 billion were primarily related to inflows of $11.7 billion in our Credit Businesses segment primarily due to the acquisition of Harbourmaster during the first quarter of 2012 and inflows of $5.9 billion in our Real Estate segment primarily due to additional closings of commitments in BREP VII, and inflows of $1.4 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment primarily due to growth in its customized and commingled investment products. Outflows of $2.5 billion were primarily attributable to outflows of $1.1 billion in our Credit Businesses segment primarily due to realizations in the rescue lending funds, outflows in the hedge funds and deleveraging of certain CLO vehicles post their reinvestment periods, outflows of $616.7 million in our Real Estate segment primarily due to realizations from various investments in the real estate segment’s funds, and outflows of $420.6 million in our Private Equity segment primarily as a result of the dispositions of investments in funds which earn fees based on remaining invested capital.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $124.0 billion at March 31, 2011, an increase of $14.5 billion, or 13%, compared to $109.5 billion at December 31, 2010. Inflows of $18.0 billion were primarily related to inflows of $14.3 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily due to the start of BCP VI’s investment period and inflows of $2.5 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment primarily due to growth in hedge fund manager seeding platform, long only solutions business and commingled and customized investment products. Outflows of $4.8 billion were primarily attributable to outflows of $2.6 billion in our Private Equity segment primarily as a result of the end of BCP V’s investment period and dispositions in BCP IV which earn fees based on remaining invested capital, and outflows of $927.0 million in our Real Estate segment primarily due to realizations from a BREP co-investment entity and the Bank of America Merrill Lynch Asia real estate platform.

Assets Under Management

Assets Under Management were $190.1 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $23.8 million, or 14%, compared to $166.2 billion at December 31, 2011. Inflows of $21.5 billion were primarily related to inflows of $14.2 billion in our Credit Businesses segment driven by the acquisition of Harbourmaster in January 2012, inflows of $4.7 billion in our Real Estate segment driven by additional closings of commitments in BREP VII and inflows of $1.5 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment due to growth in its customized and commingled investment products. Outflows of $3.1 billion were more than offset by market appreciation of $5.5 billion.

Assets Under Management were $150.0 billion at March 31, 2011, an increase of $21.8 million, or 17%, compared to $128.1 billion at December 31, 2010. Inflows of $21.2 billion were primarily related to inflows of $14.9 billion in our Private Equity segment driven by the start of BCP VI’s investment period and inflows of $4.7 billion in our Hedge Fund Solutions segment due to growth in the hedge fund manager seeding platform, long only solutions business and its commingled and customized investment products. Outflows of $4.3 billion were more than offset by market appreciation of $4.9 billion.

 

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Limited Partner Capital Invested

For the three months ended March 31, 2012, Limited Partner Capital Invested was $2.7 billion, an increase of $1.1 billion, or 64%, from $1.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The change primarily reflected an increase of $773.9 million in our Credit Businesses segment primarily a result of greater capital deployment on behalf of new funds as a result of an accommodating credit investment environment and an increase of $489.1 million in our Real Estate segment due to increased investment activity by our BREP VII, BREP Europe III and BREDS funds.

Segment Analysis

Discussed below is our ENI for each of our segments. This information is reflected in the manner utilized by our senior management to make operating decisions, assess performance and allocate resources. References to “our” sectors or investments may also refer to portfolio companies and investments of the underlying funds that we manage.

For segment reporting purposes, revenues and expenses are presented on a basis that deconsolidates the investment funds we manage. As a result, segment revenues are greater than those presented on a consolidated GAAP basis because fund management fees recognized in certain segments are received from the Blackstone Funds and eliminated in consolidation when presented on a consolidated GAAP basis. Furthermore, segment expenses are lower than related amounts presented on a consolidated GAAP basis due to the exclusion of fund expenses that are paid by Limited Partners and the elimination of non-controlling interests.

 

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Private Equity

The following table presents our results of operations for our Private Equity segment:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    2012 vs. 2011  
     2012     2011     $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

        

Management Fees

        

Base Management Fees

   $ 85,789      $ 79,935      $ 5,854        7

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

     18,097        35,342        (17,245     -49

Management Fee Offsets

     (3,782     (7,889     4,107        52
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management Fees

     100,104        107,388        (7,284     -7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

     3,933        82,389        (78,456     -95

Unrealized

     34,051        32,537        1,514        5
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     37,984        114,926        (76,942     -67
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income

        

Realized

     13,911        17,907        (3,996     -22

Unrealized

     16,469        29,126        (12,657     -43
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

     30,380        47,033        (16,653     -35

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     2,420        3,505        (1,085     -31

Other

     (215     811        (1,026     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     170,673        273,663        (102,990     -38
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     52,547        54,924        (2,377     -4

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

     320        7,718        (7,398     -96

Unrealized

     (1,052     5,464        (6,516     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     51,815        68,106        (16,291     -24

Other Operating Expenses

     28,881        28,713        168        1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     80,696        96,819        (16,123     -17
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Net Income

   $ 89,977      $ 176,844      $ (86,867     -49
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M  Not meaningful.

Revenues

Revenues were $170.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $103.0 million compared to $273.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The decrease in revenues was attributed to decreases in Performance Fees, Investment Income and Total Management Fees of $76.9 million, $16.7 million and $7.3 million, respectively.

Performance Fees, which are determined on a fund by fund basis, were $38.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, due to a net return of 4% in our BCP IV portfolio which was driven by the increased stock prices of TRW and Kosmos, the fund’s two largest public holdings. The Performance Fees, however, represented a decrease of $76.9 million, compared to $114.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011

 

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as the 2011 quarterly net return for the BCP IV portfolio was 10%, driven by realizations from holdings in the energy and healthcare sectors. Investment Income was $30.4 million compared to $47.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Contributed funds, including fee-paying co-investments, appreciated 4.9% during the period driven by investments in the retail/consumer and industrial sectors, as well as market performance driving returns in our public holdings. At March 31, 2012, the unrealized value and cumulative realized proceeds, before Carried Interest, fees and expenses, of our contributed private equity funds represented 1.5 times investors’ original investments. On a realized/partially realized basis, this multiple was 2.2 times investors’ original investments for contributed funds.

Total Management Fees were $100.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $7.3 million compared to $107.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, driven by lower Transaction and Other Fees but partially offset by higher Base Management Fees and Management Fee Offsets. Base Management Fees were $85.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $5.9 million compared to $79.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, principally as a result of fees generated from BEP, which commenced its investment period during the third quarter of 2011. Transaction and Other Fees were $18.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $17.2 million compared to $35.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The quarter ended March 31, 2011 included an accelerated monitoring fee associated with the initial public offering of Nielsen as well as fees earned from new investments made from our BCP V fund. Management Fee Offsets relate to a reduction of management fees payable by our limited partners in BCP VI based on the amount they reimbursed Blackstone for placement fees.

Expenses

Expenses were $80.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $16.1 million compared to $96.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The $16.1 million decrease was primarily attributed to a $13.9 million decrease in Performance Fee Compensation and a $2.4 million decrease in Compensation. Performance Fee Compensation decreased as a result of the decreases in Performance Fees revenue described above. Compensation decreased as a portion of it is related to the segment’s results, exclusive of Performance Fees and Investment Income. Other Operating Expenses of $28.9 million was flat compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Operating Metrics

The following operating metrics are used in the management of this business segment:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 37,237,791      $ 24,188,555   

Inflows, including Commitments

     499,547        14,264,444   

Outflows, including Distributions

     (420,613     (2,564,977

Market Appreciation

     6,910        4,782   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period (a)

   $ 37,323,635      $ 35,892,804   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 85,844      $ 11,704,249   

Increase

     0     48

 

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     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 45,863,673      $ 29,319,136   

Inflows, including Commitments

     1,078,133        14,860,798   

Outflows, including Distributions

     (815,285     (1,741,437

Market Appreciation

     1,497,492        1,516,895   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period (a)

   $ 47,624,013      $ 43,955,392   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 1,760,340      $ 14,636,256   

Increase

     4     50

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     2012 vs. 2011  
     2012      2011      $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Capital Deployed

          

Limited Partner Capital Invested

   $ 643,383       $ 652,947       $ (9,564     1
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a) Fee-Earning Assets Under Management and Assets Under Management as of March 31, 2012 included $297.8 million from a joint venture in which we are the minority interest holder.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $37.3 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $85.8 million compared with $37.2 billion at December 31, 2011. Inflows of $499.5 million were primarily due to additional capital raised for our energy focused fund, BEP, and the final close for our BCP VI fund. Outflows of $420.6 million were primarily a result of the dispositions of investments in funds which earn fees based on remaining invested capital. After the close of a fund’s investment period, management fees are based on invested capital and binding commitments to new investments. Market appreciation of $6.9 million was due primarily to the impact of foreign exchange rates.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $35.9 billion at March 31, 2011, an increase of $11.7 billion, or 48%, compared with $24.2 billion at December 31, 2010. Inflows of $14.3 billion were mainly due to the start of BCP VI’s investment period. Outflows of $2.6 billion were primarily a result of the end of BCP V’s investment period and dispositions in BCP IV which earns fees based on remaining invested capital. Market appreciation of $4.8 million in the first quarter of 2011 was due to the impact of foreign exchange rates.

Assets Under Management

Assets Under Management were $47.6 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $1.8 billion, or 4%, compared with $45.9 billion at December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily due to inflows of $1.1 billion driven by the closing on a multi-asset class investment fund and additional closings on our BEP fund. Additionally, Assets Under Management was driven by market appreciation of $1.5 billion in our existing portfolio and partially offset by outflows of $815.3 million resulting from realizations in various investments.

Assets Under Management were $44.0 billion at March 31, 2011, an increase of $14.6 billion, or 50%, compared with $29.3 billion at December 31, 2010. The increase was primarily due to inflows of $14.9 billion driven by the start of BCP VI’s investment period and market appreciation of $1.5 billion within our existing portfolio, partially offset by outflows of $1.7 billion resulting from dispositions of investments.

 

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Limited Partner Capital Invested

Limited Partner Capital Invested was $643.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, essentially flat compared to $652.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Fund Returns

Fund returns information for our significant funds is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The fund returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the financial performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future performance of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or our other existing and future funds will achieve similar returns.

The following table presents the internal rates of return of our significant private equity funds:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    March 31, 2012
Inception to Date
 
     2012     2011     Total     Realized (b)  

Fund (a)

   Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net  

BCP IV

     4     4     12     10     51     38     60     45

BCP V

     5     5     3     2     3     2     14     10

BCP VI (c)

     N/M        N/M        N/A        N/A        N/M        N/M        N/A        N/A   

BEP (c)

     N/M        N/M        N/A        N/A        N/M        N/M        N/A        N/A   

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

N/M Not meaningful.
N/A Not applicable.
(a) Net returns are based on the change in carrying value (realized and unrealized) after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest allocations.
(b) Returns include partially realized investments. Investments are considered partially realized when realized proceeds, excluding current income (dividends, interest, etc.), are a material portion of invested capital.
(c) Returns for BCP VI and BEP are not meaningful as their initial investments occurred in May 2011 and August 2011, respectively.

 

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The following table presents the investment record of the significant private equity funds from inception through March 31, 2012 for funds with closed investment periods including funds that are fully realized:

 

    Fully Invested Funds  
    Total Investments     Realized / Partially Realized Investments (a)  
     Total                       Total                    

Fund (Investment Period)

  Invested
Capital
(b)
    Carrying
Value (c)
    Gross
IRR
    Net
IRR (d)
    MOIC (e)     Invested
Capital  (b)
    Carrying
Value (c)  (f)
    Gross
IRR
    Net
IRR (d)
    MOIC (e)  
    (Dollars in Millions)                       (Dollars in Millions)                    

BCP I (Oct 1987 / Oct 1993)

  $ 679      $ 1,742        28     19     2.6      $ 679      $ 1,742        28     19     2.6   

BCP II (Oct 1993 / Aug 1997)

    1,292        3,256        50     32     2.5        1,292        3,256        50     32     2.5   

BCP III (Aug 1997 / Nov 2002)

    4,026        9,191        18     14     2.3        4,026        9,191        18     14     2.3   

BCOM (June 2000 / Jun 2006)

    2,145        2,836        13     6     1.3        1,449        2,583        25     17     1.8   

BCP IV (Nov 2002 / Dec 2005)

    7,432        19,495        51     38     2.6        5,986        16,980        60     45     2.8   

BCP V (Dec 2005 / Jan 2011)

    19,739        21,949        3     2     1.1        3,402        4,616        14     10     1.4   

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

(a) Investments are considered partially realized when realized proceeds, excluding current income (dividends, interest, etc.), are a material portion of invested capital.
(b) Invested Capital includes recalled capital and side-by-side investments made by our employees.
(c) Carrying value includes realized proceeds and unrealized fair value.
(d) Net Internal Rate of Return (“IRR”) represents the annualized inception to date IRR on total invested capital based on realized proceeds and unrealized value after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest.
(e) Multiple of Invested Capital (“MOIC”) represents carrying value, before management fees, expenses and Carried Interest, divided by total invested capital.
(f) The Realized / Partially Realized Carrying Value includes remaining unrealized value of $5.3 billion.

The following table presents the investment record of the significant private equity funds from inception through March 31, 2012 for funds with open investment periods:

 

    Funds in the Investment Period
    Available
Capital (b)
    Total Investments     Realized / Partially Realized Investments (a)

Fund (Investment Period)

    Total     Gross
IRR
  Net
IRR (e)
  MOIC (f)     Total     Gross
IRR
  Net
IRR
(e)
  MOIC (f)
    Invested
Capital  (c)
    Carrying
Value  (d)
          Invested
Capital  (c)
    Carrying
Value  (d)
       
    (Dollars in Millions)                   (Dollars in Millions)              

BCP VI (Jan 2011 / Jan 2017)

  $ 13,016      $ 1,790      $ 1,771      N/M   N/M     1.0      $ —        $ —        N/A   N/A   N/A

BEP (Aug 2011 / Aug 2017)

  $ 774      $ 338      $ 347      N/M   N/M     1.0      $ —        $ —        N/A   N/A   N/A

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

N/M Not meaningful.
N/A Not applicable.

 

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(a) Investments are considered partially realized when realized proceeds, excluding current income (dividends, interest, etc.), are a material portion of invested capital.
(b) Available Capital represents total capital commitments, including side-by-side, adjusted for certain expenses and expired or recallable capital, less invested capital.
(c) Invested Capital includes recalled capital and side-by-side investments made by our employees.
(d) Carrying value includes realized proceeds and unrealized fair value.
(e) Net Internal Rate of Return (“IRR”) represents the annualized inception to date IRR on total invested capital based on realized proceeds and unrealized value after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest.
(f) Multiple of Invested Capital (“MOIC”) represents carrying value, before management fees, expenses and Carried Interest, divided by total invested capital.

The Private Equity segment has three significant contributed funds with closed investment periods: BCP IV, BCP V and BCOM. As of March 31, 2012, BCP IV was above its Carried Interest threshold (i.e., the preferred return payable to its limited partners before the general partner is eligible to receive Carried Interest) and would still be above its Carried Interest threshold even if all remaining investments were valued at zero. BCP V is currently below its Carried Interest threshold. BCOM is currently below its Carried Interest threshold but has generated inception-to-date positive returns. We are entitled to retain previously realized Carried Interest up to 20% of BCOM’s net gains. As a result, Performance Fees are recognized from BCOM on current period gains and losses.

The following table presents the Carried Interest status of our private equity funds out of their investment period which are currently not generating performance fees as of March 31, 2012:

 

     Gain to Cross Carried Interest Threshold (a)  

Funds out of the Investment Period

   Amount      % Change in
Total  Enterprise
Value (b)
 
     (Dollars in Millions)         

BCP V (Dec 2005 / Jan 2011)

   $ 5,388         11

 

(a) The general partner of each fund is allocated Carried Interest when the annualized returns, net of management fees and expenses, exceed the preferred return as dictated by the fund agreements. The preferred return is calculated for each limited partner individually. The Gain to Cross Carried Interest Threshold represents the increase in equity at the fund level (excluding our side-by-side investments) that is required for the general partner to begin accruing Carried Interest, assuming the gain is earned pro rata across the fund’s investments and is achieved at the reporting date.
(b) Total Enterprise Value is the respective fund’s pro rata ownership of the portfolio companies’ Enterprise Value at the reporting date.

 

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Real Estate

The following table presents our results of operations for our Real Estate segment:

 

     Three Months Ended              
     March 31,     2012 vs. 2011  
     2012     2011     $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

        

Management Fees

        

Base Management Fees

   $ 147,802      $ 95,439      $ 52,363        55

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

     14,412        21,543        (7,131     -33

Management Fee Offsets

     (8,627     (505     (8,122     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management Fees

     153,587        116,477        37,110        32
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

     8,616        2,593        6,023        N/M   

Unrealized

     229,414        368,104        (138,690     -38
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     238,030        370,697        (132,667     -36
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income

        

Realized

     7,812        2,919        4,893        168

Unrealized

     25,912        61,406        (35,494     -58
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

     33,724        64,325        (30,601     -48

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     2,552        3,288        (736     -22

Other

     (709     860        (1,569     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     427,184        555,647        (128,463     -23
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     68,889        57,627        11,262        20

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

     4,079        1,230        2,849        N/M   

Unrealized

     58,043        106,501        (48,458     -46
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     131,011        165,358        (34,347     -21

Other Operating Expenses

     28,924        28,366        558        2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     159,935        193,724        (33,789     -17
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Net Income

   $ 267,249      $ 361,923      $ (94,674     -26
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M Not meaningful.

Revenues

Revenues were $427.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $128.5 million compared to $555.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The decrease in revenues was primarily attributed to a decrease of $132.7 million in Performance Fees and a decrease of $30.6 million in Investment Income, partially offset by an increase of $52.4 million in Base Management Fees.

Performance Fees, which are determined on a fund by fund basis, were $238.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $132.7 million compared to $370.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Investment Income was $33.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $30.6 million compared to $64.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Performance Fees

 

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continued to benefit from the strong performance of our Real Estate carry funds. However, there was a year over year decrease in the net appreciation of our BREP V and BREP VI carry funds’ investments which contributed to the decrease in Performance Fees for the three months ended March 31, 2012. The decrease in Investment Income was primarily driven by the year over year decrease in the net appreciation of investments related to the BREP VI fund, in which Blackstone owns a greater share of such investments. The carrying fair value of assets for Blackstone’s contributed Real Estate funds, including fee-paying co-investments, increased 4.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2012. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, the continued improvement in operating fundamentals and historically low levels of new supply, as well as the strong performance of the segment’s publicly traded retail investment, primarily resulted in the appreciation of our office and retail holdings within our contributed Real Estate funds, including fee-paying co-investments. As of March 31, 2012, the unrealized value and cumulative proceeds, before carried interest, fees and expenses, of our contributed Real Estate carry funds represented 1.4 times investors’ original investments. On a realized/partially realized basis, this multiple was 2.1 times investors’ original investments.

Total Management Fees were $153.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $37.1 million compared to $116.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Base Management Fees were $147.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $52.4 million compared to $95.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, which was primarily related to the commencement of BREP VII. Transaction and Other Fees were $14.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $7.1 million compared to $21.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, which was primarily related to a decrease in transaction activity.

Expenses

Expenses were $159.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $33.8 million, compared to $193.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The decrease was primarily attributed to a $45.6 million decrease in Performance Fee Compensation, a result of a decrease in Performance Fees revenue, partially offset by an increase in Compensation of $11.3 million to $68.9 million. Compensation rose primarily due to the increased profitability of the segment, exclusive of Performance Fees and Investment Income. Other Operating Expenses of $28.9 million was flat compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Operating Metrics

The following operating metrics are used in the management of this business segment:

 

     Three Months Ended  
     March 31,  
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 31,236,540      $ 26,814,714   

Inflows, including Commitments

     5,892,884        287,996   

Outflows, including Distributions

     (616,731     (926,978

Market Appreciation

     134,769        278,280   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

   $ 36,647,462      $ 26,454,012   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase (Decrease)

   $ 5,410,922      $ (360,702

Increase (Decrease)

     17     -1

 

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     Three Months Ended  
     March 31,  
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 42,852,669      $ 33,165,124   

Inflows, including Commitments

     4,744,971        809,531   

Outflows, including Distributions

     (616,946     (1,031,251

Market Appreciation

     1,342,066        2,047,186   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

   $ 48,322,760      $ 34,990,590   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 5,470,091      $ 1,825,466   

Increase

     13     6

 

     Three Months Ended                
     March 31,      2012 vs. 2011  
     2012      2011      $      %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Capital Deployed

           

Limited Partner Capital Invested

   $ 1,143,555       $ 654,428       $ 489,127         75
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $36.6 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $5.4 billion, or 17%, compared with $31.2 billion at December 31, 2011. Inflows of $5.9 billion were primarily related to additional closings of commitments in BREP VII. Outflows were $616.7 million, primarily due to realizations from various investments within the real estate segment’s funds. Market appreciation of $134.8 million was primarily related to net valuation increases from certain debt investment funds that charge management fees based on net asset value and favorable foreign exchange impact on commitments from our European focused real estate fund.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $26.5 billion at March 31, 2011, a decrease of $360.7 million, or 1%, compared with $26.8 billion at December 31, 2010. Inflows of $288.0 million were primarily related to capital invested by our real estate debt investment funds. Outflows were $927.0 million, primarily due to realizations from a co-investment entity and the Bank of America Merrill Lynch Asia real estate platform. Market appreciation of $278.3 million was primarily due to the favorable foreign exchange impact on commitments from our European focused real estate fund.

Assets Under Management

At March 31, 2012, Assets Under Management were $48.3 billion, an increase of $5.5 billion, or 13%, compared with $42.9 billion at December 31, 2011. The change was primarily due to inflows of $4.7 billion attributable to additional closings of commitments in BREP VII along with market appreciation of $1.3 billion primarily from our real estate carry funds as a result of increases in the carrying values within the office and retail sectors of our real estate portfolio. These increases were partially offset by outflows of $616.9 million primarily related to realizations generated by our real estate carry funds, debt investment funds and Bank of America Merrill Lynch Asia real estate platform.

At March 31, 2011, Assets Under Management were $35.0 billion, an increase of $1.8 billion, or 6%, compared with $33.2 billion at December 31, 2010. The change was primarily due to inflows of $809.5 million attributable to capital raised by our debt investment funds, market appreciation of $2.0 billion from our real estate carry funds resulting from increases in the carrying values of our real estate portfolio, primarily within the office and hospitality sectors. These inflows were partially offset by outflows of $1.0 billion related to realizations generated by BREP VI co-investments and the managed Bank of America Merrill Lynch Asia real estate platform along with the expiration of the BREP International fund’s term.

 

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Limited Partner Capital Invested

For the three months ended March 31, 2012, Limited Partner Capital Invested was $1.1 billion, an increase of $489.1 million from $654.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. This increase is primarily related to increased investment activity by our BREP VII, BREP Europe III and BREDS funds.

Fund Returns

Fund return information for our significant funds is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The fund returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future performance of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or our other existing and future funds will achieve similar returns.

The following table presents the Internal Rates of Return of our significant real estate funds:

 

     Three Months Ended     March 31, 2012  
     March 31,     Inception to Date  
     2012     2011     Total     Realized (b)  

Fund (a)

   Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net  

BREP International (c)

     —          —          1     1     33     23     33     24

BREP IV

     1     1     7     5     25     14     94     65

BREP V

     4     3     10     7     12     9     86     63

BREP International II (c)

     -5     -5     3     2     -2     -4     6     3

BREP VI

     4     3     9     6     14     9     43     35

BREP Europe III (c)

     2     1     1     -2     66     20     N/A        N/A   

BREP VII (d)

     25     14     N/A        N/A        126     58     N/M        N/M   

BSSF I

     8     7     5     4     14     10     N/A        N/A   

CMBS

     8     7     5     4     18     13     N/A        N/A   

BSSF II

     5     4     4     3     18     14     41     34

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

N/A Not applicable.
N/M Not meaningful.
(a) Net returns are based on the change in carrying value (realized and unrealized) after management fees, expenses and performance fee allocations.
(b) Returns include partially realized investments. Investments are considered partially realized when distributed proceeds, excluding current income (dividends, interest, etc.), are a material portion of invested capital.
(c) Euro-based net internal rates of return.
(d) The BREP VII investment period commenced in August 2011.

 

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The following table presents the investment record of the significant real estate carry funds from inception through March 31, 2012 for funds with closed investment periods:

 

    Fully Invested Funds  
    Total Investments     Realized / Partially Realized Investments (a)  
    Total                       Total                    

Fund (Investment Period)

  Invested
Capital  (b)
    Carrying
Value (c)
    Gross
IRR
    Net
IRR (d)
    MOIC (e)     Invested
Capital  (b)
    Carrying
Value (c)  (f)
    Gross
IRR
    Net
IRR (d)
    MOIC (e)  
    (Amounts in Millions)                       (Amounts in Millions)                    

Pre-BREP

  $ 141      $ 345        43     33     2.5      $ 141      $ 345        43     33     2.5   

BREP I
(Sep 1994 / Oct 1996)

  $ 467      $ 1,328        51     40     2.8      $ 467      $ 1,328        51     40     2.8   

BREP II
(Oct 1996 / Mar 1999)

  $ 1,219      $ 2,525        26     19     2.1      $ 1,219      $ 2,525        26     19     2.1   

BREP III
(Apr 1999 / Apr 2003)

  $ 1,415      $ 3,326        27     21     2.3      $ 1,399      $ 3,323        28     22     2.4   

BREP Int’l
(Jan 2001 / Sep 2005)

  658      1,321        33     23     2.0      623      1,244        33     24     2.0   

BREP IV
(Apr 2003 / Dec 2005)

  $ 2,737      $ 4,130        25     14     1.5      $ 1,130      $ 2,691        94     65     2.4   

BREP Int’l II
(Sep 2005 / Jun 2008)

  1,336      1,258        -1     -3     0.9      162      200        6     3     1.2   

BREP V
(Dec 2005 / Feb 2007)

  $ 5,742      $ 8,609        12     9     1.5      $ 1,041      $ 2,531        86     63     2.4   

BREP VI
(Feb 2007 / Aug 2011)

  $ 10,240      $ 14,676        14     9     1.4      $ 389      $ 729        43     35     1.9   

BREP Co-Investment (Various) (g)

  $ 2,939      $ 4,122        13     11     1.4      $ 114      $ 213        12     11     1.9   

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

(a) Investments are considered partially realized when distributed proceeds, excluding current income (rent, dividends, interest, etc.), are a material portion of invested capital.
(b) Invested Capital includes recalled capital and side-by-side investments made by our employees.
(c) Carrying value includes realized proceeds and unrealized fair value.
(d) Net Internal Rate of Return (“IRR”) represents the annualized inception to date IRR on total invested capital based on realized proceeds and unrealized value after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest.
(e) Multiple of Invested Capital (“MOIC”) represents carrying value, before management fees, expenses and Carried Interest, divided by total invested capital.
(f) The Total Realized / Partially Realized Carrying Value includes remaining unrealized value of $1.2 billion and €150.7 million.
(g) BREP Co-Investment represents co-investment capital raised for various BREP investments. The Net IRR reflected is calculated by aggregating each co-investment’s realized proceeds and unrealized value after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest.

 

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The following table presents the investment record of the significant real estate carry funds, excluding separately managed accounts, from inception through March 31, 2012 for funds with open investment periods:

 

     Funds in the Investment Period  
            Total Investments  
            Total                     

Fund (Investment Period)

   Available
Capital (a)
     Invested
Capital (b)
     Carrying
Value (c)
     Gross
IRR
    Net
IRR (d)
    MOIC (e)  
     (Amounts in Millions)                     

BREP Europe III (Jun 2008 / Dec 2013)

   2,273       944       1,382         65     20     1.5   

BSSF II (Jul 2009 / Aug 2017)

   $ 654       $ 1,368       $ 1,624         18     14     1.2   

BREP VII (Aug 2011 / Feb 2017) (f)

   $ 8,365       $ 1,228       $ 1,429         126     58     1.2   

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

N/M Not meaningful.
(a) Available Capital represents total investable capital commitments, including side-by-side, adjusted for certain expenses and expired or recallable capital, less invested capital, and includes $549.7 million committed to deals but not yet invested. Additionally, the segment has $1.6 billion of Available Capital that has been reserved for add-on investments in funds that are fully invested.
(b) Invested Capital includes recalled capital and side-by-side investments made by our employees.
(c) Carrying value includes realized proceeds and unrealized fair value.
(d) Net Internal Rate of Return (“IRR”) represents the annualized inception to date IRR on total invested capital based on realized proceeds and unrealized fair value after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest.
(e) Multiple of Invested Capital (“MOIC”) represents carrying value, before management fees, expenses and Carried Interest, divided by total invested capital.
(f) The BREP VII investment period commenced in August 2011 and as of May 7, 2012 continues to raise capital.

The following table presents the Carried Interest status of our real estate carry funds with expired investment periods which are currently not generating performance fees as of March 31, 2012:

 

     Gain to Cross Carried Interest Threshold (a)  

Fully Invested Funds

   Amount      % Change in
Total Enterprise
Value (b)
 
     (Amounts in Millions)         

BREP Int’l II (Sep 2005 / Jun 2008)

   911         19

 

(a) The general partner of each fund is allocated Carried Interest when the annualized returns, net of management fees and expenses, exceed the preferred return as dictated by the fund agreements. The preferred return is calculated for each limited partner individually. The Gain to Cross Carried Interest Threshold represents the increase in equity at the fund level (excluding our side-by-side investments) that is required for the general partner to begin accruing Carried Interest, assuming the gain is earned pro rata across the fund’s investments and is achieved at the reporting date.
(b) Total Enterprise Value is the respective fund’s pro rata ownership of the privately held portfolio companies’ Enterprise Value.

The Real Estate segment has three funds in their investment period, which were above their respective Carried Interest thresholds as of March 31, 2012: BREP Europe III, BREP VII and BSSF II.

 

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Hedge Fund Solutions

The following table presents our results of operations for our Hedge Fund Solutions segment:

 

     Three Months Ended              
     March 31,     2012 vs. 2011  
     2012     2011     $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

        

Management Fees

        

Base Management Fees

   $ 81,821      $ 75,612      $ 6,209        8

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

     92        727        (635     -87

Management Fee Offsets

     (335     (124     (211     -170
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management Fees

     81,578        76,215        5,363        7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

     3,298        893        2,405        N/M   

Unrealized

     23,187        19,253        3,934        20
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     26,485        20,146        6,339        31
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income

        

Realized

     503        1,341        (838     -62

Unrealized

     8,371        7,120        1,251        18
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

     8,874        8,461        413        5

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     386        516        (130     -25

Other

     (127     104        (231     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     117,196        105,442        11,754        11
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     28,233        28,093        140        0

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

     1,378        300        1,078        N/M   

Unrealized

     7,294        5,358        1,936        36
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     36,905        33,751        3,154        9

Other Operating Expenses

     13,934        13,008        926        7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     50,839        46,759        4,080        9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Net Income

   $ 66,357      $ 58,683      $ 7,674        13
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M Not meaningful.

Revenues

Revenues were $117.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $11.8 million compared to $105.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase in revenues was primarily attributable to an increase of $6.3 million in Performance Fees to $26.5 million and an increase of $5.4 million in Total Management Fees to $81.6 million.

Performance Fees were $26.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $6.3 million compared to $20.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to higher returns and an increase in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management. The returns of the underlying assets for Blackstone’s Hedge Fund Solutions’ funds were 4.0% during the three months ended March 31, 2012. Fee-Earning Assets Under Management related to funds of funds above their respective high-water marks and/or

 

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hurdle, and therefore eligible for Performance Fees, decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. This decrease was a result of the softer performance of the underlying assets of the segment in the latter quarters of 2011.

Total Management Fees were $81.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $5.4 million compared to $76.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Base Management Fees were $81.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $6.2 million compared to the prior year period, driven by an increase in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management of 13% from the prior year period, which was primarily from net inflows.

Expenses

Expenses were $50.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $4.1 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. The $4.1 million increase was primarily attributed to a $3.2 million increase in Total Compensation and Benefits and a $0.9 million increase in Other Operating Expenses. Compensation was $28.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $0.1 million, compared to $28.1 million for the prior year period. Other Operating Expenses increased $0.9 million to $13.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared to $13.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to an increase in other expenses, partially offset by occupancy and equipment.

Operating Metrics

The following operating metrics are used in the management of this business segment:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 37,819,636      $ 33,159,795   

Inflows, including Commitments

     1,445,958        2,452,420   

Outflows, including Distributions

     (351,218     (388,026

Market Appreciation

     1,629,396        622,813   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

   $ 40,543,772      $ 35,847,002   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 2,724,136      $ 2,687,207   

Increase

     7     8

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 40,534,768      $ 34,587,292   

Inflows, including Commitments

     1,465,945        4,721,176   

Outflows, including Distributions

     (377,086     (408,034

Market Appreciation

     1,727,648        641,652   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

   $ 43,351,275      $ 39,542,086   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 2,816,507      $ 4,954,794   

Increase

     7     14

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     2012 vs. 2011  
     2012      2011      $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Capital Deployed

          

Limited Partner Capital Invested

   $ 4,661       $ 196,642       $ (191,981     -98
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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The following table presents information regarding our Fee-Earning Assets Under Management:

 

     Fee-Earning Assets Under
Management Eligible for
Incentive Fees
     Estimated % Above
High Water Mark
and/or Hurdle (a)
 
     As of March 31,      As of March 31,  
     2012      2011      2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)               

BAAM Managed Funds (b)

   $ 21,647,124       $ 18,144,730         52     74

 

(a) Estimated % Above High Water Mark and / or Hurdle represents the percentage of Fee-Earning Assets Under Management Eligible for Incentive Fees that as of the dates presented would earn incentive fees when the applicable BAAM managed fund has positive investment performance (relative to a hurdle, where applicable). Incremental positive performance in the applicable Blackstone Funds may cause additional assets to reach their respective High Water Mark and / or Hurdle, thereby resulting in an increase in Estimated % Above High Water Mark and/or Hurdle.
(b) For the BAAM managed funds, at March 31, 2012 the incremental appreciation needed for the 48% of Fee-Earning Assets Under Management below their respective High Water Marks and / or Hurdle to reach their respective High Water Marks and / or Hurdle was $392.3 million, an increase of $66.6 million, or 20.5%, compared to $325.7 million at March 31, 2011. Of the Fee-Earning Assets Under Management below their respective High Water Marks and / or Hurdle as of March 31, 2012, 77% were within 5% of reaching their respective High Water Mark and / or Hurdle.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $40.5 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $2.7 billion, or 7%, compared to $37.8 billion at December 31, 2011. The change was primarily due to market appreciation of $1.6 billion and inflows of $1.4 billion, mainly from BAAM’s customized and commingled investment products, partially offset by outflows of $351.2 million. BAAM had net inflows of $737.8 million from April 1 through May 1, 2012.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $35.8 billion at March 31, 2011, an increase of $2.7 billion, or 8%, compared to $33.2 billion at December 31, 2010. The change was primarily due to inflows of $2.5 billion, mainly from BAAM’s long only solutions business and commingled and customized investment products.

Assets Under Management

Assets Under Management were $43.4 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $2.8 billion, or 7%, compared to $40.5 billion at December 31, 2011. The change was primarily due to market appreciation of $1.7 billion and inflows of $1.5 billion, which was mainly from BAAM’s customized and commingled investment products, which was partially offset by outflows of $377.1 million.

Assets Under Management were $39.5 billion at March 31, 2011, an increase of $5.0 billion, or 14%, compared to $34.6 billion at December 31, 2010. The change was primarily due to inflows of $4.7 billion mainly from BAAM’s hedge fund manager seeding platform, long only solutions business and commingled and customized investment products.

Limited Partner Capital Invested

Limited Partner Capital Invested was $4.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $192.0 million compared to $196.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The decrease was primarily attributable to the relative investment opportunities for our funds that employ a capital commitment structure in the first quarter of 2012.

 

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Composite Returns

Composite returns information is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The composite returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future results of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds or composites. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or composites or our other existing and future funds or composites will achieve similar returns.

The following table presents the return information of the BAAM Managed Funds, Core Fund Composite:

 

     Three
Months Ended
March 31,
    Average Annual Net Returns (a)  
       Periods Ended
March 31, 2012
 
     2012     2011     One
Year
     Three
Year
    Five
Year
    Historical  

Composite

   Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net      Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net  

BAAM Managed Funds, Core Funds Composite (b)

     4     4     2     2     1     —           9     8     3     2     7     6

The returns presented represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

(a) Composite returns present a summarized asset weighted return measure to evaluate the overall performance of the applicable class of Blackstone Funds.
(b) The Core Funds Composite excludes Blackstone’s BAAM managed funds that employ a long-biased commodity strategy, funds whose primary objective is to provide capital to hedge fund start-up firms and funds managed under non-discretionary advisory arrangements. The historical return is from January 1, 2000 and excludes fluctuations due to foreign currency exchange rates.

 

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Credit Businesses

The following table presents our results of operations for our Credit Businesses segment:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    2012 vs. 2011  
     2012     2011     $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

        

Management Fees

        

Base Management Fees

   $ 80,094      $ 54,601      $ 25,493        47

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

     5,725        745        4,980        N/M   

Management Fee Offsets

     (306     (18     (288     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Management Fees

     85,513        55,328        30,185        55
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Performance Fees

        

Realized

     2,992        9,725        (6,733     -69

Unrealized

     80,265        85,303        (5,038     -6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees

     83,257        95,028        (11,771     -12
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income

        

Realized

     683        1,235        (552     -45

Unrealized

     9,211        4,532        4,679        103
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

     9,894        5,767        4,127        72

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     2,425        453        1,972        N/M   

Other

     (238     98        (336     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     180,851        156,674        24,177        15
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

        

Compensation and Benefits

        

Compensation

     37,143        29,549        7,594        26

Performance Fee Compensation

        

Realized

     6,413        5,295        1,118        21

Unrealized

     33,037        45,202        (12,165     -27
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Compensation and Benefits

     76,593        80,046        (3,453     -4

Other Operating Expenses

     17,096        15,357        1,739        11
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     93,689        95,403        (1,714     -2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Net Income

   $ 87,162      $ 61,271      $ 25,891        42
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M Not meaningful.

Revenues

Revenues were $180.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $24.2 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase in revenues was primarily attributed to an increase of $30.2 million in Total Management Fees and an increase of $4.1 million in Investment Income, partially offset by a decrease of $11.8 million in Performance Fees.

Performance Fees were $83.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $11.8 million from the prior year period. Despite lower Performance Fees from the prior year, the overall performance across the Credit Businesses’ strategies was strong. The decrease in Performance Fees reflected a slower overall rate of appreciation from the prior year. The returns of the underlying assets for Blackstone’s credit-oriented business were 4.6% for the hedge funds, 6.5% for the mezzanine funds and 7.5% for the rescue lending funds for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

 

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Total Management Fees were $85.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $30.2 million from the prior year period. Base Management Fees were $80.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $25.5 million compared to the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in Fee-Earning Assets Under Management.

Expenses

Expenses were $93.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of $1.7 million, or 2%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. The $1.7 million decrease in expenses was primarily attributed to a decrease of $11.0 million in Performance Fee Compensation, partially offset by an increase in Compensation of $7.6 million and an increase of $1.7 million in Other Operating Expenses. Performance Fee Compensation was $39.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared to $50.5 million for the prior year period. The decrease was primarily due to lower Performance Fees in the current quarter compared to the prior year period. Other Operating Expenses increased $1.7 million to $17.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared to $15.4 million for the prior year period. The increase was primarily due to an increase in depreciation and amortization expense related to a one-time write-off of leasehold improvements and an increase in business development expenses related to the closing of the Harbourmaster acquisition.

Operating Metrics

The following operating metrics are used in the management of this business segment:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 30,462,786      $ 25,337,158   

Inflows, including Commitments

     11,717,548        1,033,797   

Outflows, including Distributions

     (1,103,029     (936,716

Market Appreciation

     669,272        404,639   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

   $ 41,746,577      $ 25,838,878   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 11,283,791      $ 501,720   

Increase

     37     2

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Assets Under Management

    

Balance, Beginning of Period

   $ 36,977,394      $ 31,052,368   

Inflows, including Commitments

     14,195,260        814,219   

Outflows, including Distributions

     (1,304,735     (1,091,715

Market Appreciation

     908,200        700,525   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, End of Period

   $ 50,776,119      $ 31,475,397   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Increase

   $ 13,798,725      $ 423,029   

Increase

     37     1

 

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     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     2012 vs. 2011
      2012      2011      $     

    %    

     (Dollars in Thousands)

Capital Deployed

           

Limited Partner Capital Invested

   $ 928,173       $ 154,298       $ 773,875       N/M
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

N/M Not meaningful.

As of March 31, 2012, 97% of the Fee-Earning Assets Under Management of $2.9 billion in the credit-oriented flagship hedge funds were above their respective high water marks compared to 99% of the Fee-Earning Assets Under Management of $2.8 billion as of March 31, 2011.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $41.7 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $11.3 billion, or 37%, compared to $30.5 billion at December 31, 2011. The $11.3 billion increase was primarily due to the acquisition of Harbourmaster during the first quarter of 2012. This growth was partially offset by outflows of $1.1 billion since December 31, 2011, principally due to realizations in the rescue lending funds, outflows in the hedge funds and deleveraging of certain CLO vehicles post their reinvestment periods.

Fee-Earning Assets Under Management were $25.8 billion at March 31, 2011, an increase of $501.7 million, or 2%, compared to $25.3 billion at December 31, 2010. The increase was primarily due to market appreciation in our long only and hedge fund businesses compared to the prior year period.

Assets Under Management

Assets Under Management were $50.8 billion at March 31, 2012, an increase of $13.8 billion, or 37%, compared to $37.0 billion at December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily due to inflows of $14.2 billion, principally due to the Harbourmaster acquisition representing $10.2 billion of inflows. This was partially offset by outflows of $1.3 billion due to realizations in the rescue lending funds, outflows in the hedge funds and the deleveraging of certain CLO vehicles post their reinvestment periods.

Assets Under Management were $31.5 billion at March 31, 2011, an increase of $423.0 million, or 1%, compared to $31.1 billion at December 31, 2010. The increase was primarily due to net market appreciation across our funds.

Limited Partner Capital Invested

For the three months ended March 31, 2012, Limited Partner Capital Invested was $928.2 million, an increase of $773.9 million from $154.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase was primarily due to greater capital deployment on behalf of new funds as a result of an accommodating credit investment environment.

Fund Returns

Fund return information for our significant businesses is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. The fund returns information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the performance of The Blackstone Group L.P. and is also not necessarily indicative of the future results of any particular fund. An investment in The Blackstone Group L.P. is not an investment in any of our funds. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or our other existing and future funds will achieve similar returns.

 

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The following table presents the return information of the segment’s Flagship Hedge Funds:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Average Annual Net Returns (a)  
       Periods Ended
March 31, 2012
 
     2012     2011     One Year     Three Year     Five Year     Historical  

Composite

   Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net  

Flagship Hedge Funds (b)

     5     4     8     6     5     4     22     18     10     7     11     8

The returns presented represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

(a) Average annual returns present a summarized asset weighted return measure to evaluate the overall performance of the applicable class of Blackstone Funds.
(b) The Flagship Hedge Funds’ returns represent the weighted-average return for the U.S. domestic and offshore funds included in this return. The historical return is from August 1, 2005, which is before Blackstone’s acquisition of GSO in March 2008.

The following table presents the Internal Rates of Return of our significant Credit Businesses drawdown funds:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    March 31,  2012
Inception to Date
 
     2012     2011    

Fund (a)

   Gross     Net     Gross     Net     Gross     Net  

Mezzanine Funds (b)

     7     5     9     7     23     17

Rescue Lending Funds (c)

     8     4     9     6     22     14

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

(a) Net returns are based on the change in carrying value (realized and unrealized) after management fees, expenses and performance fee allocations.
(b) The Mezzanine Funds’ returns represent the weighted-average return for the U.S. domestic and offshore funds including, as applicable, for the new significant mezzanine fund. The inception to date return is from July 16, 2007, which is before Blackstone’s acquisition of GSO in March 2008.
(c) The Rescue Lending Funds’ returns represent the weighted-average return for the U.S. domestic and offshore funds included in this return. The inception to date returns are from September 29, 2009, which is when the funds commenced investing.

The following table presents the investment record of the significant Credit Businesses drawdown funds from inception through March 31, 2012:

 

          Total Investments     Realized / Partially Realized Investments (a)  
          Total                       Total        

Fund

  Available
Capital (b)
    Invested
Capital (c)
    Carrying
Value (d)
    Gross
IRR
    Net
IRR
(e)
    MOIC (f)     Invested
Capital (c)
    Carrying
Value (d) (g)
    MOIC (f)  
    (Dollars in Millions)                       (Dollars in Millions)        

Mezzanine Funds

  $ 3,557      $ 3,694      $ 4,774        23     17     1.3      $ 1,077      $ 1,698        1.6   

Rescue Lending Funds

    1,255        2,934        3,380        22     14     1.2        957        1,083        1.1   

The returns presented herein represent those of the applicable Blackstone Funds and not those of The Blackstone Group L.P.

 

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(a) Investments are considered partially realized when realized proceeds, excluding current income (dividends, interest, etc.) are a material portion of invested capital.
(b) Available Capital represents total capital commitments adjusted for certain expenses and expired or recallable capital, less invested capital.
(c) Invested Capital includes recalled capital.
(d) Carrying value includes realized proceeds and unrealized fair value.
(e) Net Internal Rate of Return (“IRR”) represents the annualized inception to date IRR on total invested capital based on realized proceeds and unrealized value after management fees, expenses and Carried Interest.
(f) Multiple of Invested Capital (“MOIC”) represents carrying value, before management fees, expenses and Carried Interest, divided by total invested capital.
(g) The Realized / Partially Realized Carrying Value includes remaining unrealized value of $351.5 million.

As of March 31, 2012, the significant Credit Businesses drawdown funds were above their respective Carried Interest thresholds (i.e., the preferred return payable to its limited partners before the general partner is eligible to receive Carried Interest).

Financial Advisory

The following table presents our results of operations for our Financial Advisory segment:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     2012 vs. 2011  
     2012     2011      $     %  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Segment Revenues

         

Advisory Fees

   $ 75,846      $ 70,252       $ 5,594        8

Transaction and Other Fees, Net

     145        6         139        N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Advisory and Transaction Fees

     75,991        70,258         5,733        8
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investment Income

         

Realized

     583        97         486        N/M   

Unrealized

     (49     393         (442     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Investment Income

     534        490         44        9

Interest and Dividend Revenue

     1,562        1,686         (124     -7

Other

     82        386         (304     -79
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     78,169        72,820         5,349        7
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses

         

Compensation and Benefits

         

Compensation

     67,960        54,339         13,621        25

Other Operating Expenses

     20,686        17,531         3,155        18
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     88,646        71,870         16,776        23
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Economic Net Income

   $ (10,477   $ 950       $ (11,427     N/M   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

N/M  Not meaningful.

Revenues

Revenues were $78.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $5.3 million, or 7%, compared to $72.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase in revenues was driven primarily by increases in Blackstone’s restructuring and reorganization business and in Blackstone Advisory Partners’ business, partially offset by a decrease in Blackstone’s fund placement business. The increase in

 

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Blackstone’s restructuring and reorganization business was driven primarily by a higher amount of transaction fees recorded relative to the prior year period. The increase in Blackstone Advisory Partners’ business was due to an increase in the number of transactions compared to the prior year period. The pipelines for both the restructuring and reorganization business and the Blackstone Advisory Partners’ business remained steady across a diverse group of industries. The decrease in fees earned by Blackstone’s fund placement business was primarily due to the timing of certain transactions; however, market conditions were still moderate compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Expenses

Expenses were $88.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, an increase of $16.8 million, or 23%, compared to $71.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Compensation and Benefits increased $13.6 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011, principally due to an increase in compensation expense across all of our businesses. Compensation expense for these businesses is related to their financial performance. Other Operating Expenses increased $3.2 million over the three months ended March 31, 2011, principally due to increases in all other expenses.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

Blackstone’s business model derives revenue primarily from third party assets under management and from advisory businesses. Blackstone is not a capital or balance sheet intensive business and targets operating expense levels such that total management and advisory fees exceed total operating expenses each period. As a result, we require limited capital resources to support the working capital or operating needs of our businesses. We draw primarily on the long term committed capital of our limited partner investors to fund the investment requirements of the Blackstone Funds and use our own realizations and cash flows to invest in growth initiatives, make commitments to our own funds, which are typically less than 5% of the assets under management of a fund, or pay distributions to unitholders.

Fluctuations in our balance sheet result primarily from activities of the Blackstone Funds which are consolidated as well as business transactions, such as the issuance of senior notes described below. The majority economic ownership interests of the Blackstone Funds are reflected as Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The consolidation of these Blackstone Funds has no net effect on the Partnership’s Net Income or Partners’ Capital. Additionally, fluctuations in our balance sheet also include appreciation or depreciation in Blackstone investments in the Blackstone Funds, additional investments and redemptions of such interests in the Blackstone Funds and the collection of receivables related to management and advisory fees.

Total assets were $26.5 billion as of March 31, 2012, an increase of $4.6 billion from December 31, 2011. The increase in total assets was primarily attributable to a $4.6 billion increase in Investments which was primarily attributable to the Harbourmaster acquisition. Total liabilities were $16.5 billion as of March 31, 2012, an increase of $3.9 billion from December 31, 2011. The increase in total liabilities was primarily due to an increase in Loans Payable of $3.8 billion which was primarily attributable to the Harbourmaster acquisition.

For the three months ended March 31, 2012, we had Total Fee Related Revenues of $511.2 million and related expenses of $373.2 million, generating Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations of $138.0 million and Distributable Earnings of $162.1 million.

Sources of Liquidity

We have multiple sources of liquidity to meet our capital needs, including annual cash flows, accumulated earnings in the businesses, investments in our own Treasury and liquid funds and access to our debt capacity,

 

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including our $1.02 billion committed revolving credit facility and the proceeds from our 2009 and 2010 issuances of senior notes. As of March 31, 2012, Blackstone had $391.3 million in cash, $586.8 million invested in Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies, $136.1 million invested in liquid Blackstone Funds, $1.9 billion invested in illiquid Blackstone Funds and $140.0 million invested in other investments, against $1.0 billion in borrowings from our 2009 and 2010 bond issuances.

In addition to the cash we received in connection with our IPO, debt offering and our borrowing facilities, we expect to receive (a) cash generated from operating activities, (b) Carried Interest and incentive income realizations, and (c) realizations on the carry and hedge fund investments that we make. The amounts received from these three sources in particular may vary substantially from year to year and quarter to quarter depending on the frequency and size of realization events or net returns experienced by our investment funds. Our available capital could be adversely affected if there are prolonged periods of few substantial realizations from our investment funds accompanied by substantial capital calls for new investments from those investment funds. Therefore, Blackstone’s commitments to our funds are taken into consideration when managing our overall liquidity and cash position.

We use Distributable Earnings, which is derived from our segment reported results, as a supplemental non-GAAP measure to assess performance and amounts available for distributions to Blackstone unitholders, including Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships. Distributable Earnings is intended to show the amount of net realized earnings without the effects of the consolidation of the Blackstone Funds. Distributable Earnings is derived from and reconciled to, but not equivalent to, its most directly comparable GAAP measure of Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes. Distributable Earnings, which is a component of Economic Net Income, is the sum across all segments of: (a) Total Management and Advisory Fees, (b) Interest and Dividend Revenue, (c) Other Revenue, (d) Realized Performance Fees, and (e) Realized Investment Income (Loss); less (a) Compensation, (b) Realized Performance Fee Compensation, (c) Other Operating Expenses and (d) Cash Taxes and Payables Under the Tax Receivable Agreement.

 

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The following table calculates Blackstone’s Distributable Earnings. Distributable Earnings is a supplemental measure of performance to assess amounts available for distributions to Blackstone unitholders, including Blackstone personnel:

 

     Three Months Ended
March  31,
 
     2012      2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Fee Related Earnings

     

Revenues

     

Total Management and Advisory Fees (a)

   $ 496,773       $ 425,666   

Interest and Dividend Revenue (a)

     9,345         9,448   

Other (a)

     (1,207      2,259   

Investment Income — Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies (b)

     6,310         1,302   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Revenues

     511,221         438,675   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Expenses

     

Compensation and Benefits — Compensation (a)

     254,772         224,532   

Other Operating Expenses (a)

     109,521         102,975   

Cash Taxes (c)

     8,903         12,622   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Expenses

     373,196         340,129   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations

     138,025         98,546   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Performance Fees, Net of Related Compensation

     

Performance Fees — Realized (a)

     18,839         95,600   

Compensation and Benefits — Performance Fee Compensation — Realized (a)

     (12,190      (14,543
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Performance Fees, Net of Compensation

     6,649         81,057   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Investment Income and Other

     

Investment Income (Loss) — Realized (a)

     23,492         23,499   

Adjustment Related to Realized Investment Income — Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies (d)

     (5,897      (1,010

Other Payables Including Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement

     (148      (177
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Investment Income and Other

     17,447         22,312   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Distributable Earnings

   $ 162,121       $ 201,915   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Represents the total segment amounts of the respective captions.
(b) Represents the inclusion of Investment Income from Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies.
(c) Represents the provisions for and/or adjustments to income taxes that were calculated using a similar methodology applied in calculating the current provision for The Blackstone Group L.P.
(d) Represents the elimination of Realized Investment Income attributable to Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies which is a component of Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations.

 

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The following table is a reconciliation of Income Before Provision for Taxes to Total Segments Economic Net Income, of Total Segments, Economic Net Income to Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations, of Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations to Distributable Earnings and of Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Depreciation and Amortization from Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations to Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2012     2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Income Before Provision for Taxes

   $ 456,385      $ 117,214   

IPO and Acquisition-Related Charges (a)

     244,897        427,227   

Amortization of Intangibles (b)

     50,888        44,174   

(Income) Loss Associated with Non-Controlling Interests in (Income) Loss of Consolidated Entities (c)

     (251,902     71,056   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Segments, Economic Net Income

     500,268        659,671   

Performance Fees Adjustment (d)

     (385,756     (600,797

Investment Income (Loss) Adjustment (e)

     (83,406     (126,076

Investment Income — Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies (f)

     6,310        1,302   

Performance Fee Compensation and Benefits Adjustment (g)

     109,512        177,068   

Taxes Payable (h)

     (8,903     (12,622
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations

     138,025        98,546   

Realized Performance Fees (i)

     6,649        81,057   

Realized Investment Income (j)

     23,492        23,499   

Adjustment Related to Realized Investment Income — Blackstone’s Treasury Cash Management Strategies (k)

     (5,897     (1,010

Other Payables Including Payable Under Tax Receivable Agreement

     (148     (177
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Distributable Earnings

   $ 162,121      $ 201,915   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Depreciation and Amortization from Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations (l)

   $ 178,596      $ 137,423   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a) This adjustment adds back to Income Before Provision for Taxes amounts for Transaction-Related Charges which include principally equity-based compensation charges associated with Blackstone’s initial public offering and long-term retention programs outside of annual deferred compensation and other corporate actions.
(b) This adjustment adds back to Income Before Provision for Taxes amounts for the Amortization of Intangibles which are associated with Blackstone’s initial public offering and other corporate actions.
(c) This adjustment adds back to Income Before Provision for Taxes the amount of (Income) Loss Associated with Non-Controlling Interests in (Income) Loss of Consolidated Entities and includes the amount of Management Fee Revenues associated with Consolidated CLO Vehicles.
(d) This adjustment removes from ENI the total segment amount of Performance Fees.
(e) This adjustment removes from ENI the total segment amount of Investment Income (Loss).
(f) This adjustment represents the realized and unrealized gain (loss) on Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies which are a component of Investment Income (Loss) but included in Net Fee Related Earnings.
(g) This adjustment removes from expenses the compensation and benefit amounts related to Blackstone’s profit sharing plans related to Performance Fees.
(h) Represents an implied payable for income taxes calculated using a similar methodology applied in calculating the current provision for The Blackstone Group L.P.
(i) Represents the adjustment for realized Performance Fees net of corresponding actual amounts due under Blackstone’s profit sharing plans related thereto.
(j) Represents the adjustment for Blackstone’s Investment Income — Realized.

 

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(k) Represents the elimination of Realized Investment Income attributable to Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies which is a component of both Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations and Realized Investment Income (Loss).
(l) Earnings Before Interest, Taxes and Depreciation and Amortization from Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations represents Net Fee Related Earnings from Operations adding back the implied cash taxes payable component from the Distributable Earnings reconciliation presented above, which is included in (h), and segment interest and segment depreciation and amortization. The cash taxes payable component of (h) was $8.9 million and $12.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Interest was $13.6 million and $12.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Depreciation and amortization was $10.3 million and $8.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Amortization of non-cash deferred compensation was $7.8 million and $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Liquidity Needs

We expect that our primary liquidity needs will be cash to (a) provide capital to facilitate the growth of our existing businesses which principally includes funding our general partner and co-investment commitments to our funds, (b) provide capital to facilitate our expansion into new businesses that are complementary, (c) pay operating expenses, including cash compensation to our employees and other obligations as they arise, (d) fund modest capital expenditures, (e) repay borrowings and related interest costs, (f) pay income taxes and (g) make distributions to our unitholders and the holders of Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Our own capital commitments to our funds, the funds we invest in and our investment strategies as of March 31, 2012 consisted of the following:

 

Fund

   Original
Commitment
     Remaining
Commitment
 
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Private Equity

  

BCP VI

   $ 719,718       $ 635,406   

BCP V

     629,356         73,717   

BCP IV

     150,000         6,982   

BCOM

     50,000         4,766   

Blackstone Energy Partners (“BEP”)

     29,432         21,405   

China Fund (“RMB”)

     7,043         6,004   

Blackstone Tactical Opportunity Fund

     15,000         14,239   

Woori Blackstone Korea I

     5,388         2,263   

Blackstone Clean Technology Partners

     4,575         515   

Real Estate Funds

     

BREP VII

     300,000         261,356   

BREP VI

     750,000         86,288   

BREP V

     52,545         2,458   

BREP International II

     26,505         2,221   

BREP Europe III

     100,000         70,235   

Blackstone Real Estate Special Situations Fund II

     43,016         8,878   

Blackstone Real Estate Special Situations Fund G

     2,500         618   

Blackstone Commercial Real Estate Debt Fund

     10,000         2,966   

Hedge Fund Solutions

     

Strategic Alliance II

     50,000         30,761   

Strategic Alliance

     50,000         2,033   

Credit Businesses

     

Capital Opportunities Fund II L.P. (“COF”)

     100,000         79,260   

Blackstone / GSO Capital Solutions

     50,000         19,150   

BMezz

     41,000         2,590   

Blackstone Credit Liquidity Partners

     32,244         3,192   

BMezz II

     17,692         3,085   

Other (a)

     23,772         15,939   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 3,259,786       $ 1,356,327   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Represents capital commitments to a number of other Credit Businesses funds.

 

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For some of the general partner commitments shown in the table above we require our senior managing directors and certain other professionals to fund a portion of the commitment even though the ultimate obligation to fund the aggregate commitment is ours pursuant to the governing agreements of the respective funds. For BCP VI, BREP VI, BREP Europe III, BREP VII and COF II, it is intended that our senior managing directors and certain other professionals will fund $250 million, $150 million, $35 million, $100 million, and $96.1 million, respectively, of the aggregate applicable general partner original commitment shown above. In addition, certain senior managing directors and other professionals are required to fund a de minimis amount of the commitment in the other private equity, real estate and credit-oriented carry funds. We expect our commitments to be drawn down over time and to be funded by available cash and cash generated from operations and realizations. Taking into account prevailing market conditions and both the liquidity and cash or liquid investment balances, we believe that the sources of liquidity described below will be more than sufficient to fund our working capital requirements.

On March 23, 2010, indirect subsidiaries of Blackstone entered into an unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent. On November 23, 2010, the Credit Facility was amended to set the facility aggregate borrowing limit at $1.02 billion. On April 8, 2011, the Credit Facility was further amended to extend the maturity date from March 23, 2013 to April 8, 2016. Borrowings may also be made in U.K. Sterling or Euros, in each case subject to certain sub-limits. The Credit Facility contains customary representations, covenants and events of default. Financial covenants consist of a maximum net leverage ratio and a requirement to keep a minimum amount of fee generating assets under management, each tested quarterly.

In August 2009, Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. issued $600 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.625% Senior Notes which will mature on August 15, 2019, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. In September 2010, Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. issued $400 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.875% Senior Notes which will mature on March 15, 2021, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. (Both issuances of Senior Notes are collectively referred to as the “Notes”.) The notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by The Blackstone Group L.P. and each of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships. The Notes contain customary covenants and financial restrictions that among other things limit Blackstone Holdings Finance Co. L.L.C. and the guarantors’ ability, subject to certain exceptions, to incur indebtedness secured by liens on voting stock or profit participating equity interests of their subsidiaries or merge, consolidate or sell, transfer or lease assets. The Notes also contain customary events of default. All or a portion of the Notes may be redeemed at our option, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time, prior to their stated maturity, at the make-whole redemption price set forth in the Notes. If a change of control repurchase event occurs, the Notes are subject to repurchase at the repurchase price as set forth in the Notes.

In January 2008, the Board of Directors of our general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million of our common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Under this unit repurchase program, units may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. The timing and the actual number of Blackstone common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including legal requirements, price and economic and market conditions. This unit repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, no units were repurchased. As of March 31, 2012, the amount remaining available for repurchases was $335.8 million under this program.

Distributions

Distributable Earnings will only be a starting point for our determination of the amount to be distributed to unitholders because as noted above, in determining the amount to be distributed we will subtract from Distributable Earnings any amounts determined by our general partner to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of our business, to make appropriate investments in our business and our funds, to comply with

 

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applicable law or any of our debt instruments or other agreements, or to provide for future distributions to our unitholders for any ensuing quarter. In most years the aggregate amounts of our distributions to unitholders will typically be less than our Distributable Earnings for that year.

Our current intention is to distribute to our common unitholders substantially all of The Blackstone Group L.P.’s net after-tax share of our annual Distributable Earnings less the amount of our realized investment gains and returns of capital from investments and acquisitions. This determination has been based on the continued pace of organic and inorganic growth and the potential for further strategic initiatives and the retained amount will be used for those purposes. The retained cash will be deducted from the fourth quarter distribution which is made in the first quarter of the ensuing calendar year. All distributions are subject to Blackstone’s discretion to retain additional amounts from the amount of annual Distributable Earnings to be distributed as described above.

Because we will not know what our Distributable Earnings will be for any fiscal year until the end of such year, we expect that our first three quarterly distributions in respect of any given year will remain unchanged at $0.10 per unit. For the fourth quarter of each year, we expect to pay the remaining amount of the year’s Distributable Earnings less realized investment gains and returns of capital from investments and acquisitions. As such, the distributions for the first three quarters are expected to be smaller than the final quarterly distribution in respect of such year.

All of the foregoing is subject to the qualification that the declaration and payment of any distributions are at the sole discretion of our general partner and our general partner may change our distribution policy at any time.

Because the subsidiaries of The Blackstone Group L.P. must pay taxes and make payments under the tax receivable agreements described in Blackstone’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K, the amounts ultimately distributed by The Blackstone Group L.P. to its common unitholders in respect of each fiscal year are expected to be less, on a per unit basis, than the amounts distributed by the Blackstone Holdings partnerships to the Blackstone personnel and others who are limited partners of the Blackstone Holdings partnerships in respect of their Blackstone Holdings partnership units.

Leverage

We may under certain circumstances use leverage opportunistically and over time to create the most efficient capital structure for Blackstone and our public common unitholders, including through the issuance of debt securities. As of March 31, 2012, we had total partners’ capital of $9.4 billion, including $391.3 million in cash, $586.8 million invested in Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies, $136.1 million invested in liquid Blackstone Funds, $1.9 billion invested in illiquid Blackstone Funds and $140.0 million in other investments, against $1.0 billion in borrowings from our 2009 and 2010 bond issuances.

 

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Included in our Treasury cash management strategies are reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements and securities sold, not yet purchased. All of these positions are held in a separately managed portfolio. Reverse repurchase agreements are entered into primarily to take advantage of opportunistic yields otherwise absent in the overnight markets and also to use the collateral received to cover securities sold, not yet purchased. Repurchase agreements are entered into primarily to opportunistically yield higher spreads on purchased securities. The balances held in these financial instruments fluctuate based on Blackstone’s liquidity needs, market conditions and investment risk profiles. The following table presents information regarding these financial instruments:

 

     Reverse
Repurchase
Agreements
     Repurchase
Agreements
     Securities
Sold, Not Yet
Purchased
 
     (Dollars in Millions)  

Balance, March 31, 2012

   $ 83.8       $ 189.1       $ 82.7   

Balance, December 31, 2011

     139.5         101.8         143.8   

Three Months Ended March 31, 2012

        

Average Daily Balance

     108.9         137.6         108.7   

Maximum Daily Balance

     147.4         202.4         191.7   

Our private equity funds, real estate funds and funds of hedge funds have not historically utilized substantial leverage at the fund level other than (a) for short-term borrowings between the date of an investment and the receipt of capital from the investing fund’s investors, and (b) long-term borrowings for certain investments in aggregate amounts which are generally 2% to 10% of the capital commitments of the respective fund. Our carry funds make direct or indirect investments in companies that utilize leverage in their capital structure. The degree of leverage employed varies among portfolio companies.

Certain of our Hedge Fund Solutions and Credit Businesses funds use leverage in order to obtain additional market exposure, enhance returns on invested capital and/or to bridge short-term cash needs. The forms of leverage primarily employed by these funds include purchasing securities on margin, utilizing collateralized financing and using derivative instruments.

 

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Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies

The following table sets forth information relating to our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2012 on a consolidated basis and on a basis deconsolidating the Blackstone funds:

 

Contractual Obligations

  April 1, 2012  to
December 31, 2012
    2013–2014     2015–2016     Thereafter     Total  
    (Dollars in Thousands)  

Operating Lease Obligations (a)

  $ 47,358      $ 108,964      $ 96,643      $ 225,112      $ 478,077   

Purchase Obligations

    11,031        7,736        1,548        991        21,306   

Blackstone Issued Notes and Revolving Credit Facility (b)

    —          —          —          1,000,000        1,000,000   

Interest on Blackstone Issued Notes and Revolving Credit Facility (c)

    63,250        126,500        126,500        139,990        456,240   

Blackstone Operating Entities Loan and Credit Facilities Payable (d)

    891        6,228        —          —          7,119   

Interest on Blackstone Operating Entities Loan and Credit Facilities Payable (e)

    100        88        —          —          188   

Blackstone Funds and CLO Vehicles Debt Obligations Payable (f)

    13,541        377,642        652,128        12,700,602        13,743,913   

Interest on Blackstone Funds and CLO Vehicles Debt Obligations Payable (g)

    184,306        472,524        417,751        956,036        2,030,617   

Blackstone Funds Capital Commitments to Investee Funds (h)

    34,186        —          —          —          34,186   

Due to Certain Non-Controlling Interest Holders in Connection with Tax Receivable Agreements (i)

    —          82,076        121,346        975,138        1,178,560   

Blackstone Operating Entities Capital Commitments to Blackstone Funds and Other (j)

    1,356,327        —          —          —          1,356,327   

Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Including Interest (k)

    3,678        3,628        —          —          7,306   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated Contractual Obligations

    1,714,668        1,185,386        1,415,916        15,997,869        20,313,839   

Blackstone Funds and CLO Vehicles Debt Obligations Payable (f)

    (13,541     (377,642     (652,128     (12,700,602     (13,743,913

Interest on Blackstone Funds and CLO Vehicles Debt Obligations Payable (g)

    (184,306     (472,524     (417,751     (956,036     (2,030,617

Blackstone Funds Capital Commitments to Investee Funds (h)

    (34,186     —          —          —          (34,186
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Blackstone Operating Entities Contractual Obligations

  $ 1,482,635      $ 335,220      $ 346,037      $ 2,341,231      $ 4,505,123   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a) We lease our primary office space under agreements that expire through 2024. In connection with certain lease agreements, we are responsible for escalation payments. The contractual obligation table above includes only guaranteed minimum lease payments for such leases and does not project potential escalation or other lease-related payments. These leases are classified as operating leases for financial statement purposes and as such are not recorded as liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The amounts are presented net of contractual sublease commitments.

 

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(b) Represents the principal amount due on the 6.625% and 5.875% senior notes we issued. As of March 31, 2012, we had no outstanding borrowings under our revolver.
(c) Represents interest to be paid over the maturity of our 6.625% and 5.875% senior notes and borrowings under our revolving credit facility which has been calculated assuming no prepayments are made and debt is held until its final maturity date. These amounts exclude commitment fees for unutilized borrowings under our revolver.
(d) Represents borrowings for employee term facilities program and a capital asset facility.
(e) Represents interest to be paid over the maturity of the related debt obligation which has been calculated assuming no prepayments are made and debt is held until its final maturity date. The future interest payments are calculated using variable rates in effect as of March 31, 2012, at spreads to market rates pursuant to the financing agreements, and range from 1.08% to 1.50%.
(f) These obligations are those of the Blackstone Funds including the consolidated CLO vehicles.
(g) Represents interest to be paid over the maturity of the related consolidated Blackstone Funds’ and CLO vehicles’ debt obligations which has been calculated assuming no prepayments will be made and debt will be held until its final maturity date. The future interest payments are calculated using variable rates in effect as of March 31, 2012, at spreads to market rates pursuant to the financing agreements, and range from 0.30% to 17.00%. The majority of the borrowings are due on demand and for purposes of this schedule are assumed to mature within one year. Interest on the majority of these borrowings rolls over into the principal balance at each reset date.
(h) These obligations represent commitments of the consolidated Blackstone Funds to make capital contributions to investee funds and portfolio companies. These amounts are generally due on demand and are therefore presented in the less than one year category.
(i) Represents obligations by the Partnership’s corporate subsidiary to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreements to certain non-controlling interest holders for the tax savings realized from the taxable purchases of their interests in connection with the reorganization at the time of Blackstone’s initial public offering in 2007 and subsequent purchases. The obligation represents the amount of the payments currently expected to be made, which are dependent on the tax savings actually realized as determined annually without discounting for the timing of the payments. As required by GAAP, the amount of the obligation included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and shown in Note 15. “Related Party Transactions” (see “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements”) differs to reflect the net present value of the payments due to certain non-controlling interest holders.
(j) These obligations represent commitments by us to provide general partner capital funding to the Blackstone Funds, limited partner capital funding to other funds and Blackstone principal investment commitments. These amounts are generally due on demand and are therefore presented in the less than one year category; however, a substantial amount of the capital commitments are expected to be called over the next three years. We expect to continue to make these general partner capital commitments as we raise additional amounts for our investment funds over time.
(k) The total represents gross unrecognized tax benefits of $6.4 million and interest of $0.9 million. In addition, Blackstone is not able to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years in connection with gross unrecognized benefits of $8.2 million and interest of $1.2 million; therefore, such amounts are not included in the above contractual obligations table.

Guarantees

Blackstone and certain of its consolidated funds provide financial guarantees. The amounts and nature of these guarantees are described in Note 16. “Commitments and Contingencies — Contingencies — Guarantees” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.

 

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Indemnifications

In many of its service contracts, Blackstone agrees to indemnify the third party service provider under certain circumstances. The terms of the indemnities vary from contract to contract and the amount of indemnification liability, if any, cannot be determined and has not been included in the table above or recorded in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31, 2012.

Clawback Obligations

For financial reporting purposes, the general partners have recorded a liability for potential clawback obligations to the limited partners of some of the carry funds due to changes in the unrealized value of a fund’s remaining investments and where the fund’s general partner has previously received Carried Interest distributions with respect to such fund’s realized investments.

The actual clawback liability, however, does not become realized until the end of a fund’s life except for Blackstone’s real estate funds which may have an interim clawback liability come due after a realized loss is incurred, depending on the fund. The lives of the carry funds with a potential clawback obligation, including available contemplated extensions, are currently anticipated to expire at various points beginning toward the end of 2012 and extending through 2018. Further extensions of such terms may be implemented under given circumstances.

As of March 31, 2012, the clawback obligations were $269.7 million, of which $99.0 million related to Blackstone Holdings and $170.7 million related to current and former Blackstone personnel. (See Note 15. “Related Party Transactions” and Note 16. “Commitments and Contingencies” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.)

Critical Accounting Policies

We prepare our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In applying many of these accounting principles, we need to make assumptions, estimates and/or judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in our consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. These assumptions, estimates and/or judgments, however, are often subjective. Actual results may be affected negatively based on changing circumstances. If actual amounts are ultimately different from our estimates, the revisions are included in our results of operations for the period in which the actual amounts become known. We believe the following critical accounting policies could potentially produce materially different results if we were to change underlying assumptions, estimates and/or judgments. (See Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.)

Principles of Consolidation

The Partnership consolidates all entities that it controls through a majority voting interest or otherwise, including those Blackstone Funds in which the general partner is presumed to have control. Although the Partnership has a non-controlling interest in the Blackstone Holdings partnerships, the limited partners do not have the right to dissolve the partnerships or have substantive kick out rights or participating rights that would overcome the presumption of control by the Partnership. Accordingly, the Partnership consolidates Blackstone Holdings and records non-controlling interests to reflect the economic interests of the limited partners of Blackstone Holdings.

In addition, the Partnership consolidates all variable interest entities (“VIE”) in which it is the primary beneficiary. An enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest.

 

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A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The consolidation guidance requires an analysis to (a) determine whether an entity in which the Partnership holds a variable interest is a VIE, and (b) whether the Partnership’s involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., management and performance related fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Performance of that analysis requires the exercise of judgment. VIEs qualify for the deferral of the consolidation guidance if all of the following conditions have been met:

 

  (a) The entity has all of the attributes of an investment company as defined under AICPA Accounting and Auditing Guide, Investment Companies (“Investment Company Guide”), or does not have all the attributes of an investment company but it is an entity for which it is acceptable based on industry practice to apply measurement principles that are consistent with the Investment Company Guide,

 

  (b) The reporting entity does not have explicit or implicit obligations to fund any losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity, and

 

  (c) The entity is not a securitization or asset-backed financing entity or an entity that was formerly considered a qualifying special purpose entity.

Where the VIEs have qualified for the deferral of the consolidation guidance as discussed in Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the “notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements”, the analysis is based on previous consolidation guidance. This guidance requires an analysis to determine (a) whether an entity in which the Partnership holds a variable interest is a variable interest entity and (b) whether the Partnership’s involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., management and performance related fees), would be expected to absorb a majority of the variability of the entity. Under both guidelines, the Partnership determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a variable interest entity and reconsiders that conclusion continuously. In evaluating whether the Partnership is the primary beneficiary, Blackstone evaluates its economic interests in the entity held either directly by the Partnership and its affiliates or indirectly through employees. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively; however, if it is not readily apparent that the Partnership is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative analysis may also be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by the Partnership, affiliates of the Partnership or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Blackstone Funds could affect an entity’s status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary. At each reporting date, the Partnership assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary and will consolidate or deconsolidate accordingly.

Assets of consolidated VIEs that can only be used to settle obligations of the consolidated VIE and liabilities of a consolidated VIE for which creditors (or beneficial interest holders) do not have recourse to the general credit of Blackstone are presented in a separate section in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues primarily consist of management and advisory fees, performance fees, investment income, interest and dividend revenue and other.

Please refer to “Part I. Item 1. Business — Incentive Arrangements / Fee Structure” in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the manner in which Base Management Fees and Performance Fees are generated.

 

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Management and Advisory Fees — Management and Advisory Fees are comprised of management fees, including base management fees, transaction and other fees, management fee reductions and offsets, and advisory fees.

The Partnership earns base management fees from limited partners of funds in each of its managed funds, at a fixed percentage of assets under management, net asset value, total assets, committed capital, invested capital or, in some cases, a fixed-fee. Base management fees are based on contractual terms specified in the underlying investment advisory agreements. The range of management fee rates and the calculation base from which they are earned, generally, are as follows:

On private equity, real estate, and certain credit-oriented funds:

 

   

0.30% to 1.75% of committed capital during the commitment period,

 

   

0.50% to 1.75% of invested capital subsequent to the investment period for private equity and real estate funds, and

 

   

1.00% to 1.50% of invested capital or net asset value for certain credit-oriented funds.

On credit-oriented funds structured like hedge funds:

 

   

0.75% to 2.00% of net asset value.

On credit-oriented funds separately managed accounts:

 

   

0.35% to 1.00% of net asset value.

On funds of hedge funds and separately managed accounts invested in hedge funds:

 

   

0.50% to 1.25% of assets under management.

On CLO vehicles:

 

   

0.40% to 1.25% of total assets.

On closed-end mutual funds and registered investment companies:

 

   

0.50% to 1.50% of fund assets.

Transaction and other fees (including monitoring fees) are fees charged directly to funds and portfolio companies. The investment advisory agreements generally require that the investment adviser reduce the amount of management fees payable by the limited partners to the Partnership (“management fee reductions”) by an amount equal to a portion of the transaction and other fees directly paid to the Partnership by the portfolio companies. The amount of the reduction varies by fund, the type of fee paid by the portfolio company and the previously incurred expenses of the fund.

Management fee offsets are reductions to management fees payable by our limited partners, which are granted based on the amount they reimburse Blackstone for placement fees.

Advisory fees consist of advisory retainer and transaction-based fee arrangements related to merger, acquisition, restructuring and divestiture activities and fund placement services for alternative investment funds. Advisory retainer fees are recognized when services for the transactions are complete, in accordance with terms set forth in individual agreements. Transaction-based fees are recognized when (a) there is evidence of an arrangement with a client, (b) agreed upon services have been provided, (c) fees are fixed or determinable and (d) collection is reasonably assured. Fund placement fees are recognized as earned upon the acceptance by a fund of capital or capital commitments.

 

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Accrued but unpaid Management and Advisory Fees, net of management fee reductions and management fee offsets, as of the reporting date, are included in Accounts Receivable or Due From Affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Performance Fees — Performance Fees earned on the performance of Blackstone’s hedge fund structures are recognized based on fund performance during the period, subject to the achievement of minimum return levels, or high water marks, in accordance with the respective terms set out in each hedge fund’s governing agreements. Accrued but unpaid performance fees charged directly to investors in Blackstone’s offshore hedge funds as of the reporting date are recorded within Due from Affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Performance fees arising on Blackstone’s onshore hedge funds are allocated to the general partner. Accrued but unpaid performance fees on onshore funds as of the reporting date are reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

In certain fund structures, specifically in private equity, real estate and certain credit-oriented funds (“Carry Funds”), performance fees (“Carried Interest”) are allocated to the general partner based on cumulative fund performance to date, subject to a preferred return to limited partners. Carried Interest allocations range between 10% and 20% of fund appreciation. At the end of each reporting period, the Partnership calculates the Carried Interest that would be due to the Partnership for each fund, pursuant to the fund agreements, as if the fair value of the underlying investments were realized as of such date, irrespective of whether such amounts have been realized. As the fair value of underlying investments varies between reporting periods, it is necessary to make adjustments to amounts recorded as Carried Interest to reflect either (a) positive performance resulting in an increase in the Carried Interest allocated to the general partner or (b) negative performance that would cause the amount due to the Partnership to be less than the amount previously recognized as revenue, resulting in a negative adjustment to Carried Interest allocated to the general partner. In each scenario, it is necessary to calculate the Carried Interest on cumulative results compared to the Carried Interest recorded to date and make the required positive or negative adjustments. The Partnership ceases to record negative Carried Interest allocations once previously recognized Carried Interest allocations for such fund have been fully reversed. The Partnership is not obligated to pay guaranteed returns or hurdles, and therefore, cannot have negative Carried Interest over the life of a fund. Accrued but unpaid Carried Interest as of the reporting date is reflected in Investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Carried Interest is realized when an underlying investment is profitably disposed of and the fund’s cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return. Performance fees earned on hedge fund structures are realized at the end of each fund’s measurement period.

Carried Interest is subject to clawback to the extent that the Carried Interest actually distributed to date exceeds the amount due to Blackstone based on cumulative results. As such, the accrual for potential repayment of previously received performance fees, which is a component of Due to Affiliates, represents all amounts previously distributed to Blackstone Holdings and non-controlling interest holders that would need to be repaid to the Blackstone Funds if the Blackstone Carry Funds were to be liquidated based on the current fair value of the underlying funds’ investments as of the reporting date. Generally, the actual clawback liability does not become realized until the end of a fund’s life or one year after a realized loss is incurred, depending on the fund.

Investment Income (Loss) — Investment Income (Loss) represents the unrealized and realized gains and losses on the Partnership’s principal investments, including its investments in Blackstone Funds that are not consolidated, its equity method investments, and other principal investments. Investment Income (Loss) is realized when the Partnership redeems all or a portion of its investment or when the Partnership receives cash income, such as dividends or distributions, from its non-consolidated funds. Unrealized Investment Income (Loss) results from changes in the fair value of the underlying investment as well as the reversal of unrealized gain (loss) at the time an investment is realized.

Interest and Dividend Revenue — Interest and Dividend Revenue comprises primarily interest and dividend income earned on principal investments held by Blackstone.

 

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Other Revenue — Other Revenue consists of foreign exchange gains and losses arising on transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars and other revenues.

Expenses

Our expenses include compensation and benefits expense and general and administrative expenses. Our accounting policies related thereto are as follows:

Compensation and Benefits — Compensation — Compensation and Benefits consists of (a) employee compensation, comprising salary and bonus, and benefits paid and payable to employees, including senior managing directors and (b) equity-based compensation associated with the grants of equity-based awards to employees, including senior managing directors.

Equity-Based Compensation — Compensation cost relating to the issuance of share-based awards to senior management and employees is measured at fair value at the grant date, taking into consideration expected forfeitures, and expensed over the vesting period on a straight line basis. Equity-based awards that do not require future service are expensed immediately. Cash settled equity-based awards are classified as liabilities and are re-measured at the end of each reporting period.

Compensation and Benefits — Performance Fee — Performance Fee Compensation and Benefits consists of Carried Interest and performance fee allocations to employees, including senior managing directors, participating in certain profit sharing initiatives. Such compensation expense is subject to both positive and negative adjustments. Unlike Carried Interest and performance fees, compensation expense is based on the performance of individual investments held by a fund rather than on a fund by fund basis.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

GAAP establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in the determination of fair values, as follows:

 

   

Level I — Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The type of financial instruments in Level I include listed equities, listed derivatives and mutual funds with quoted prices. The Partnership does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where Blackstone holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.

 

   

Level II — Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Financial instruments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, government and agency securities, less liquid and restricted equity securities, certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs, and certain fund of hedge funds and proprietary investments in which Blackstone has the ability to redeem its investment at net asset value at, or within three months of, the reporting date.

 

   

Level III — Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instruments and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of

 

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fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Financial instruments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partnership interests in private equity and real estate funds, credit-oriented funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations, collateralized loan obligations, certain over the counter derivatives where the fair value is based on unobservable inputs and certain funds of hedge funds which use net asset value per share to determine fair value in which Blackstone may not have the ability to redeem its investment at net asset value at, or within three months of, the reporting date. Blackstone may not have the ability to redeem its investment at net asset value at, or within three months of, the reporting date if an investee fund manager has the ability to limit the amount of redemptions, and/or the ability to side-pocket investments, irrespective of whether such ability has been exercised.

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized at the beginning of the reporting period.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Partnership’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument.

In certain cases, debt and equity securities are valued on the basis of prices from an orderly transaction between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In determining the value of a particular investment, pricing services may use certain information with respect to transactions in such investments, quotations from dealers, pricing matrices, market transactions in comparable investments and various relationships between investments.

In the absence of observable market prices, Blackstone values its investments using valuation methodologies applied on a consistent basis. For some investments little market activity may exist; management’s determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances, and may incorporate management’s own assumptions and involves a significant degree of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors, including the appropriate risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks. Investments for which market prices are not observable include private investments in the equity of operating companies, real estate properties, certain funds of hedge funds and credit-oriented investments.

Such investments are valued on a quarterly basis, taking into consideration any changes in key unobservable inputs and changes in economic and other relevant conditions and valuation models are updated accordingly. The valuation process also includes a review by an independent valuation party, at least annually for all investments, and quarterly for certain investments, to corroborate the values determined by management. The valuations of Blackstone’s investments are reviewed quarterly by a valuation committee which is chaired by Blackstone’s Vice Chairman and includes senior heads of each of Blackstone’s businesses, as well as representatives of legal and finance. Each quarter, the valuations of Blackstone’s investments are also reviewed by the Audit Committee in a meeting attended by the chairman of the valuation committee as well as the senior heads of each of Blackstone’s businesses. The valuations are further tested by comparison to actual sales prices obtained on disposition of the investments.

The valuation technique for each of these investments is described below:

Private Equity Investments — The fair values of private equity investments are determined by reference to projected net earnings, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), the discounted cash flow method, public market or private transactions, valuations for comparable companies and other measures which, in many cases, are unaudited at the time received. Valuations may be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or transactions (e.g., multiplying a key performance

 

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metric of the investee company such as EBITDA by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables, and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Private equity investments may also be valued at cost for a period of time after an acquisition as the best indicator of fair value.

Real Estate Investments — The fair values of real estate investments are determined by considering projected operating cash flows, sales of comparable assets, if any, and replacement costs among other measures. The methods used to estimate the fair value of real estate investments include the discounted cash flow method and/or capitalization rates (“cap rates”) analysis. Valuations may be derived by reference to observable valuation measures for comparable companies or assets (e.g., multiplying a key performance metric of the investee company or asset, such as EBITDA, by a relevant valuation multiple observed in the range of comparable companies or transactions), adjusted by management for differences between the investment and the referenced comparables, and in some instances by reference to option pricing models or other similar methods. Additionally, where applicable, projected distributable cash flow through debt maturity will also be considered in support of the investment’s carrying value.

Funds of Hedge Funds — Blackstone Funds’ direct investments in funds of hedge funds (“Investee Funds”) are valued at net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the Investee Fund. If the Partnership determines, based on its own due diligence and investment procedures, that NAV per share does not represent fair value, the Partnership will estimate the fair value in good faith and in a manner that it reasonably chooses, in accordance with its valuation policies.

Certain investments of Blackstone and of the consolidated Blackstone funds of hedge funds and credit-oriented funds measure their investments in underlying funds at fair value using NAV per share without adjustment. The terms of the investee’s investment generally provide for minimum holding periods or lock-ups, the institution of gates on redemptions or the suspension of redemptions or an ability to side-pocket investments, at the discretion of the investee’s fund manager, and as a result, investments may not be redeemable at, or within three months of, the reporting date. A side-pocket is used by hedge funds and funds of hedge funds to separate investments that may lack a readily ascertainable value, are illiquid or are subject to liquidity restriction. Redemptions are generally not permitted until the investments within a side pocket are liquidated or it is deemed that the conditions existing at the time that required the investment to be included in the side pocket no longer exist. As the timing of either of these events is uncertain, the timing at which the Partnership may redeem an investment held in a side-pocket cannot be estimated. Investments for which fair value is measured using NAV per share are reflected within the fair value hierarchy based on the observability of pricing inputs as described above. Further disclosure on instruments for which fair value is measured using NAV per share is presented in Note 5. “Net Asset Value as Fair Value” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.

Credit-Oriented Investments — The fair values of credit-oriented investments are generally determined on the basis of prices between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In some instances, Blackstone may utilize other valuation techniques, including the discounted cash flow method.

Investments, at Fair Value

The Blackstone Funds are accounted for as investment companies under the Investment Company Guide, and reflect their investments, including majority-owned and controlled investments (the “Portfolio Companies”), at fair value. Blackstone has retained the specialized accounting for the consolidated Blackstone Funds. Thus, such consolidated funds’ investments are reflected in Investments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as a component of Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Fair value is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price).

 

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Blackstone’s principal investments are presented at fair value with unrealized appreciation or depreciation and realized gains and losses recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations within Investment Income (Loss).

For certain instruments, the Partnership has elected the fair value option. Such election is irrevocable and is applied on an investment by investment basis at initial recognition. The Partnership has applied the fair value option for certain loans and receivables and certain investments in private debt and equity securities that otherwise would not have been carried at fair value with gains and losses recorded in net income. Fair valuing these investments is consistent with how the Partnership accounts for its other principal investments. Loans extended to third parties are recorded within Accounts Receivable within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Debt and equity securities for which the fair value option has been elected are recorded within Investments. The methodology for measuring the fair value of such investments is consistent with the methodology applied to private equity, real estate, credit-oriented and funds of hedge funds investments. Changes in the fair value of such instruments are recognized in Investment Income (Loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Interest income on interest bearing loans and receivables and debt securities on which the fair value option has been elected is based on stated coupon rates adjusted for the accretion of purchase discounts and the amortization of purchase premiums. This interest income is recorded within Interest and Dividend Revenue.

In addition, the Partnership has elected the fair value option for the assets and liabilities of CLO vehicles that are consolidated as of January 1, 2010, as a result of the initial adoption of variable interest entity consolidation guidance. The Partnership has also elected the fair value option for CLO vehicles consolidated as a result of the acquisitions of CLO management contracts. The adjustment resulting from the difference between the fair value of assets and liabilities for each of these events is presented as a transition and acquisition adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital. Assets of the consolidated CLOs are presented within Investments within the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and Liabilities within Loans Payable for the amounts due to unaffiliated third parties and Due to Affiliates for the amounts held by non-consolidated affiliates. The methodology for measuring the fair value of such assets and liabilities is consistent with the methodology applied to private equity, real estate, and credit-oriented investments. Changes in the fair value of consolidated CLO assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income subsequent to adoption and acquisition are presented within Net Gains from Fund Investment Activities. Amounts attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities have a corresponding adjustment to Appropriated Partners’ Capital.

Further disclosure on instruments for which the fair value option has been elected is presented in Note 7. “Fair Value Option” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing.

Intangibles and Goodwill

Blackstone’s intangible assets consist of contractual rights to earn future fee income, including management and advisory fees and Carried Interest from its Carry Funds. Identifiable finite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 4 to 20 years, reflecting the contractual lives of such funds. Amortization expense is included within General, Administrative and Other in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Partnership does not hold any indefinite-lived intangible assets.

Goodwill comprises goodwill arising from the contribution and reorganization of the Partnership’s predecessor entities in 2007 immediately prior to its IPO and the acquisition of GSO in 2008.

The carrying value of goodwill was $1.7 billion as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. Intangible Assets and Goodwill are reviewed for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the fair value of the Partnership’s operating segments substantially exceeded their respective carrying values.

 

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We test goodwill for impairment at the operating segment level (the same as our segments). Management has organized the firm into five operating segments. All of the components in each segment have similar economic characteristics and management makes key operating decisions based on the performance of each segment. Therefore, we believe that operating segment is the appropriate reporting level for testing the impairment of goodwill. In determining fair value for each of our segments, we utilize a discounted cash flow methodology based on the adjusted cash flows from operations for each segment. We believe this method provides the best approximation of fair value. In calculating the discounted cash flows, we begin with the adjusted cash flows from operations of each segment. We then determine the most likely growth rate by operating segment for each of the next four years and assume a terminal value by segment. We do not apply a control premium. The discounted cash flow analysis includes the Blackstone issued notes and borrowings under the revolving credit facility, if any, and includes an allocation of interest expense to each segment for the unused commitment fee on Blackstone’s revolving credit facility. We use a discount rate that reflects the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the risks inherent in the future cash flows.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of business, we enter into various off-balance sheet arrangements including sponsoring and owning limited or general partner interests in consolidated and non-consolidated funds, entering into derivative transactions, entering into operating leases, and entering into guarantee arrangements. We also have ongoing capital commitment arrangements with certain of our consolidated and non-consolidated drawdown funds. We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that would require us to fund losses or guarantee target returns to investors in our funds.

Further disclosure on our off-balance sheet arrangements is presented in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements” of this filing as follows:

 

   

Note 6. “Derivative Financial Instruments”,

 

   

Note 9. “Variable Interest Entities”, and

 

   

Note 16. “Commitments and Contingencies — Commitments — Investment Commitments” and “— Contingencies — Guarantees”.

Recent Accounting Developments

Information regarding recent accounting developments and their impact on Blackstone can be found in Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” in “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements.”

 

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our predominant exposure to market risk is related to our role as general partner or investment adviser to the Blackstone Funds and the sensitivities to movements in the fair value of their investments, including the effect on management fees, performance fees and investment income.

Although the Blackstone Funds share many common themes, each of our alternative asset management operations runs its own investment and risk management processes, subject to our overall risk tolerance and philosophy:

 

   

The investment process of our carry funds involves a detailed analysis of potential investments, and asset management teams are assigned to oversee the operations, strategic development, financing and capital deployment decisions of each portfolio investment. Key investment decisions are subject to approval by the applicable investment committee, which is comprised of Blackstone senior managing directors and senior management.

 

   

In our capacity as advisor to certain of our hedge fund solutions and credit businesses funds, we continuously monitor a variety of markets for attractive trading opportunities, applying a number of traditional and customized risk management metrics to analyze risk related to specific assets or

 

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portfolios. In addition, we perform extensive credit and cash-flow analyses of borrowers, credit-based assets and underlying hedge fund managers, and have extensive asset management teams that monitor covenant compliance by, and relevant financial data of, borrowers and other obligors, asset pool performance statistics, tracking of cash payments relating to investments and ongoing analysis of the credit status of investments.

Effect on Fund Management Fees

Our management fees are based on (a) third parties’ capital commitments to a Blackstone Fund, (b) third parties’ capital invested in a Blackstone Fund or (c) the net asset value, or NAV, of a Blackstone Fund, as described in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Management fees will only be directly affected by short-term changes in market conditions to the extent they are based on NAV or represent permanent impairments of value. These management fees will be increased (or reduced) in direct proportion to the effect of changes in the market value of our investments in the related funds. The proportion of our management fees that are based on NAV is dependent on the number and types of Blackstone Funds in existence and the current stage of each fund’s life cycle. For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, the approximate percentage of our fund management fees based on the NAV of the applicable funds or separately managed accounts, were as follows:

 

     As of March 31,  
         2012             2011      

Fund Management Fees Based on the NAV of the Applicable Funds or Separately Managed Accounts

     26     32

Market Risk

The Blackstone Funds hold investments which are reported at fair value. Based on the fair value as of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, we estimate that a 10% decline in fair value of the investments would have the following effects:

 

     March 31,  
     2012      2011  
     Management
Fees
     Performance
Fees, Net of
the Related
Compensation
Expense
     Investment
Income
     Management
Fees
     Performance
Fees, Net of
the Related
Compensation
Expense
     Investment
Income
 
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

10% Decline in Fair Value of the Investments

   $ 47,926       $ 1,065,477       $ 235,080       $ 44,362       $ 503,568       $ 214,424   

Total assets under management, excluding undrawn capital commitments and the amount of capital raised for our CLOs, by segment, and the percentage amount classified as Level III investments as defined within the fair value standards of GAAP, are as follows:

 

     Total Assets Under Management,
Excluding Undrawn Capital
Commitments and the Amount of
Capital Raised for CLOs
     Percentage Amount
Classified as Level III
Investments
 
     (Dollars in Thousands)         

Private Equity

   $ 29,446,553         75

Real Estate

     34,423,393         95

Hedge Fund Solutions

     41,863,596         79

Credit Businesses

     16,710,760         47

 

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The fair value of our investments and securities can vary significantly based on a number of factors that take into consideration the diversity of the Blackstone Funds’ investment portfolio and on a number of factors and inputs such as similar transactions, financial metrics, and industry comparatives, among others. (See “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Also see “Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies — Investments, at Fair Value.”) We believe these fair value amounts should be utilized with caution as our intent and strategy is to hold investments and securities until prevailing market conditions are beneficial for investment sales.

Investors in all of our carry funds (and certain of our credit-oriented funds and funds of hedge funds) make capital commitments to those funds that we are entitled to call from those investors at any time during prescribed periods. We depend on investors fulfilling their commitments when we call capital from them in order for those funds to consummate investments and otherwise pay their related obligations when due, including management fees. We have not had investors fail to honor capital calls to any meaningful extent and any investor that did not fund a capital call would be subject to having a significant amount of its existing investment forfeited in that fund. But if investors were to fail to satisfy a significant amount of capital calls for any particular fund or funds, those funds could be materially and adversely affected.

Exchange Rate Risk

The Blackstone Funds hold investments that are denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies that may be affected by movements in the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and non-U.S. dollar currencies. Additionally, a portion of our management fees are denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies. We estimate that as of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, a 10% decline in the rate of exchange of all foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar would have the following effects:

 

     March 31,  
     2012      2011  
     Management
Fees
     Performance
Fees, Net of
the Related
Compensation
Expense
     Investment
Income
     Management
Fees
     Performance
Fees, Net of
the Related
Compensation
Expense
     Investment
Income
 
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

10% Decline in the Rate of Exchange of All Foreign Currencies Against the U.S. Dollar

   $ 14,032       $ 83,612       $ 32,676       $ 9,190       $ 94,647       $ 30,093   

Interest Rate Risk

Blackstone has debt obligations payable that accrue interest at variable rates. Additionally, we have swapped a portion of our 6.625% senior notes into a variable rate instrument. Interest rate changes may therefore affect the amount of interest payments, future earnings and cash flows. Based on our debt obligations payable as of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, and our outstanding interest rate swaps, we estimate that interest expense relating to variable rates would increase on an annual basis, in the event interest rates were to increase by one percentage point, as follows:

 

     March 31,  
     2012      2011  
     (Dollars in Thousands)  

Increase in Interest Expense Due to a One Percentage Point Increase in Interest Rates

   $ 4,707       $ 4,780   

 

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Blackstone’s Treasury cash management strategies consists of a diversified portfolio of liquid assets to meet the liquidity needs of various businesses (the “Treasury Liquidity Portfolio”). This portfolio includes cash, open-ended money market mutual funds, open-ended bond mutual funds, marketable investment securities, freestanding derivative contracts, repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements and other investments. We estimate that our annualized investment income would decrease by $8.1 million, or 1.4% of the Treasury Liquidity Portfolio, if interest rates were to increase by one percentage point. This would be offset by an estimated increase in interest income of $3.1 million on an annual basis from interest on floating rate assets.

Credit Risk

Certain Blackstone Funds and the Investee Funds are subject to certain inherent risks through their investments.

The Treasury Liquidity Portfolio contains certain credit risks including, but not limited to, exposure to uninsured deposits with financial institutions, unsecured corporate bonds and mortgage-backed securities. These exposures are actively monitored on a continuous basis and positions are reallocated based on changes in risk profile, market or economic conditions.

We estimate that our investment income would decrease by $5.1 million, or 0.9% of the Treasury Liquidity Portfolio, if credit spreads were to increase by one percentage point.

Certain of our entities hold derivative instruments that contain an element of risk in the event that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of such agreements. We minimize our risk exposure by limiting the counterparties with which we enter into contracts to banks and investment banks who meet established credit and capital guidelines. We do not expect any counterparty to default on its obligations and therefore do not expect to incur any loss due to counterparty default.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired objectives.

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are effective at the reasonable assurance level to accomplish their objectives of ensuring that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

No changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during our most recent quarter, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We may from time to time be involved in litigation and claims incidental to the conduct of our business. Our businesses are also subject to extensive regulation, which may result in regulatory proceedings against us. See “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We are not currently subject to any pending judicial, administrative or arbitration proceedings that we expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, a purported class of shareholders in public companies acquired by one or more private equity firms filed a lawsuit against sixteen private equity firms and investment banks, including The Blackstone Group L.P., in the United States District Court in Massachusetts (Kirk Dahl, et al. v. Bain Capital Partners, LLC, et al.). The suit alleges that from mid-2003 defendants have violated antitrust laws by allegedly conspiring to rig bids, restrict the supply of private equity financing, fix the prices for target companies at artificially low levels, and divide up an alleged market for private equity services for leveraged buyouts. The complaint seeks injunctive relief on behalf of all persons who sold securities to any of the defendants in leveraged buyout transactions. The amended complaint also includes seven purported sub-classes of plaintiffs seeking damages and/or restitution and comprised of shareholders of seven companies. Following the completion of fact discovery, plaintiffs may be permitted to amend their complaint further to add a number of additional leveraged buyout transactions.

In the spring of 2008, six substantially identical complaints were brought against Blackstone and some of its executive officers purporting to be class actions on behalf of purchasers of common units in Blackstone’s June 2007 initial public offering. These suits were subsequently consolidated into one complaint (Landmen Partners Inc. v. The Blackstone Group L.P., et al.) filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in October 2008 against Blackstone, Stephen A. Schwarzman (Blackstone’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer), Peter G. Peterson (Blackstone’s former Senior Chairman), Hamilton E. James (Blackstone’s President and Chief Operating Officer) and Michael A. Puglisi (Blackstone’s Chief Financial Officer at the time of the IPO). The amended complaint alleged that (1) the IPO prospectus was false and misleading for failing to disclose that (a) one private equity investment would be adversely affected by trends in mortgage default rates, particularly for sub-prime mortgage loans, (b) another private equity investment was adversely affected by the loss of an exclusive manufacturing agreement, and (c) prior to the IPO the U.S. real estate market had started to deteriorate, adversely affecting the value of Blackstone’s real estate investments; and (2) the financial statements in the IPO prospectus were materially inaccurate principally because they overstated the value of the investments referred to in clause (1).

In September 2009 the District Court judge dismissed the complaint with prejudice, ruling that even if the allegations in the complaint were assumed to be true, the alleged omissions were immaterial. Analyzing both quantitative and qualitative factors, the District Court reasoned that the alleged omissions were immaterial as a matter of law given the size of the investments at issue relative to Blackstone as a whole, and taking into account Blackstone’s structure as an asset manager and financial advisory firm.

In February 2011, a three-judge panel of the Second Circuit reversed the District Court’s decision, ruling that the District Court incorrectly found that plaintiffs’ allegations were, if true, immaterial as a matter of law. The Second Circuit disagreed with the District Court, concluding that the complaint “plausibly” alleged that the initial public offering documents omitted material information concerning two of Blackstone funds’ individual investments and inadequately disclosed information relating to market risks to their real estate investments. Because this was a motion to dismiss, in reaching this decision the Second Circuit accepted all of the complaint’s factual allegations as true and drew every reasonable inference in plaintiffs’ favor. The Second Circuit did not consider facts other than those in the plaintiffs’ complaint. On June 28, 2011, defendants filed a petition for writ of certiorari with the United States Supreme Court, which was subsequently denied. On August 8, 2011, defendants filed their answer to the complaint and discovery commenced and is continuing in this action.

 

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In June 2011, three related suits (Walker, Truesdell, Roth & Assocs. v. The Blackstone Group L.P., et al.) were filed against Blackstone, various Blackstone entities including some of its private equity and real estate funds, and specified Blackstone personnel relating to the sale of Extended Stay Hotels in June 2007 by certain entities in which such Blackstone funds owned significant equity interests (the “2007 Sale”). Other defendants in such suits include the buyer of Extended Stay, financial advisors to both the sellers and the buyer and specified lenders for the purchase of Extended Stay. Extended Stay subsequently filed for bankruptcy in 2009, at which time it was still owned by the buyer pursuant to the 2007 Sale. The suits, which are in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York, were brought by a litigation trust for the benefit of creditors of Extended Stay and allege that Extended Stay was rendered insolvent by the 2007 Sale. One suit includes asserted claims of fraudulent conveyance and seeks to recover $2.1 billion allegedly transferred to the sellers in the 2007 Sale. The other two suits contain the same allegations as the first suit, assert claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, illegal distributions and other claims, and seek $2.1 billion in compensatory damages and $6.3 billion in punitive damages.

Blackstone believes that all of the foregoing suits are totally without merit and intends to defend them vigorously.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the information under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 and in our subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, all of which are accessible on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov.

See “Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Business Environment” in this report for a discussion of the conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions affecting our businesses. This discussion updates, and should be read together with, the risk factor entitled “Difficult market conditions can adversely affect our business in many ways, including by reducing the value or performance of the investments made by our investment funds, reducing the ability of our investment funds to raise or deploy capital and reducing the volume of the transactions involving our financial advisory business, each of which could materially reduce our revenue and cash flows and adversely affect our financial condition” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.

The risks described in our Form 10-K and in our subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

 

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

In January 2008, the Board of Directors of our general partner, Blackstone Group Management L.L.C., authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million of Blackstone common units and Blackstone Holdings Partnership Units. Under this unit repurchase program, units may be repurchased in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. This unit repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not have a specified expiration date. No purchases of our common units were made by us or on our behalf during the three months ended March 31, 2012. See “Part I. Item 1. Financial Statements — Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 13. Net Income (Loss) Per Common Unit” and “Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Our Sources of Cash and Liquidity Needs” for further information regarding this unit repurchase program.

As permitted by our policies and procedures governing transactions in our securities by our directors, executive officers and other employees, from time to time some of these persons may establish plans or arrangements complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, and similar plans and arrangements relating to our common units and Holdings units.

 

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ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit

Number

  

Exhibit Description

  10.1   

GSO Energy Partners-A Associates LLC Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated as of February 28, 2012.

  10.2    BTOA L.L.C. Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated as of February 15, 2012.
  31.1    Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
  31.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
  32.1    Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).
  32.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).
101.INS*    XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

 

* XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 7, 2012

 

The Blackstone Group L.P.

By:

  Blackstone Group Management L.L.C.,
  its General Partner
 

/s/    LAURENCE A. TOSI

Name:   Laurence A. Tosi
Title:   Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial Officer and Authorized Signatory)

 

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