UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

 

 

Commission file number: 000-25142

Mitcham Industries, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

936-291-2277

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act:

None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check One):

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ

 

As of July 31, 2007, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $177,748,574 based on the closing sale price as reported on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System National Market System.

 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the definitive proxy statement of Mitcham Industries, Inc. for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be filed within 120 days of January 31, 2008, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

 

MITCHAM INDUSTRIES, INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Certain statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Form-10K”) may be deemed to be forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). This information includes, without limitation, statements concerning:

 

 

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can not assure you that these expectations will prove to be correct. When used in this Form 10-K, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may” and similar expressions, as they relate to our company and management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The actual results of future events described in these forward-looking statements could differ materially from the results described in the forward-looking statements due to risks and uncertainties, including those set forth in Item 1A — “Risk Factors” and elsewhere within this Form 10-K. We caution readers to not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements which speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any of these forward-looking statements after the date they are made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

 

Mitcham Industries, Inc. (“MII”), a Texas corporation, was incorporated in 1987. We are engaged directly and through our wholly owned subsidiaries in the leasing of seismic equipment to the oil and gas industry on a worldwide basis. We are also engaged in the sale of new and used seismic equipment and in the design, manufacture and sale of marine seismic equipment. Our operating subsidiaries are Mitcham Canada Ltd (“MCL”), Seismic Asia Pacific Pty Ltd. (“SAP”), Mitcham Seismic Eurasia LLC (“MSE”), Seamap (UK) Ltd (“Seamap UK”) and Seamap Pte. Ltd (“Seamap Singapore”). Seamap UK and Seamap Singapore are collectively referred to as “Seamap.”

 

We operate our business in two segments, Equipment Leasing and equipment manufacturing. The equipment manufacturing segment is conducted by our Seamap subsidiaries and therefore is referred to in this Form 10-K as our “Seamap” segment. For additional information about our business segments, including related financial information, see Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements and Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Form 10-K.

 

We lease and sell geophysical and other equipment used primarily by seismic data acquisition contractors to perform seismic data acquisition surveys on land, in transition zones (marsh and shallow water areas) and marine areas. We conduct our operations on a worldwide basis and believe that we are the world’s largest independent lessor of seismic equipment. We believe that our competitors, in general, have neither as extensive a seismic equipment lease pool as we do, nor similar exclusive lease referral agreements with seismic equipment suppliers. In recent periods, we have experienced a significant increase in the demand for our equipment. We believe this demand is primarily driven by oil and gas exploration and development activities. Exploration and development activities are impacted by the price of crude oil and natural gas, worldwide demand for these products, economic activity, the maturation of certain petroleum producing basins, the cost of exploration activities and geopolitical issues.

 

Our equipment is utilized in a variety of worldwide geographic regions which are described in Item 1 — “Business — Customers, Sales, Backlog and Marketing.” We lease seismic equipment worldwide, and, on occasion, sell new or used seismic equipment through MII in Huntsville, Texas, and through MCL in Calgary, Alberta. MSE, from its location in Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia, leases seismic equipment primarily in the Russian Federation and the Commonwealth of Independent States (“CIS”), which consists of 11 former Soviet Republics. SAP, from its location in Brisbane, Australia, leases seismic equipment in Australia and other locations within the Pacific Rim and also sells new seismic, oceanographic and hydrographic equipment throughout the Pacific Rim. Seamap UK, located in Somerset, United Kingdom and Seamap Singapore, located in Singapore, design, manufacture and sell marine seismic equipment throughout the world.

 

We own a variety of technologically advanced equipment acquired from the leading seismic manufacturers. Our lease pool includes many types of equipment used in seismic data acquisition, including various electronic components of land, transition zone and marine seismic data acquisition systems, geophones and cables, earth vibrators, peripheral equipment, survey and other equipment. The majority of our seismic equipment lease pool is provided by two manufacturers, the Sercel subsidiaries of Compagnie Generale de Geophysique-Veritas (“Sercel” and “CGV,” respectively) and ION Geophysical Corporation. (“ION”). We believe that the majority of the advanced seismic data acquisition systems in use worldwide are either Sercel or ION systems. At January 31, 2008, approximately 51% of our equipment lease pool, on a cost basis, consisted of seismic recording channels and related equipment, with the remainder consisting of geophones, compressors, energy source controllers and other peripheral equipment.

 

We have a supply agreement and exclusive lease referral agreement with Sercel, which we believe provides us with certain competitive advantages primarily due to preferential pricing and expedited delivery arrangements under the agreements. Under this agreement, we are the exclusive worldwide short-term leasing representative for certain products.

 

We lease our equipment on a short-term basis, generally for three to six months, to seismic contractors who need additional capacity to complete a seismic survey. Short-term leasing agreements enable our customers to achieve operating and capital investment efficiencies. A typical seismic crew uses a wide variety of equipment to

perform seismic data acquisition surveys. Our customers may lease a small amount of equipment to expand an existing crew’s capabilities or a complete seismic data acquisition system to equip an entire crew. Demand for short-term seismic equipment leases is affected by many factors, including: (i) the highly variable size and technological demands of individual seismic surveys, (ii) seasonal weather patterns and sporadic demand for seismic surveys in certain regions, (iii) the term of the lease and (iv) cost of seismic equipment. We believe these factors allow seismic contractors to use short-term seismic equipment leasing as a cost-effective alternative to purchasing additional equipment. Our equipment lease rates vary according to an item’s expected useful life, utilization, acquisition cost and the term of the lease.

 

SAP sells equipment, consumables, systems integration, engineering hardware and software maintenance support services to the seismic, hydrographic, oceanographic, environmental and defense industries throughout Southeast Asia and Australia. MII and MCL also sell a broad range of used seismic equipment on a worldwide basis. Seamap designs, manufactures and sells a broad range of proprietary products for the seismic, hydrographic and offshore industries. Seamap’s primary products include the GunLink seismic source acquisition and control systems, which provide operators of marine seismic surveys more precise control of energy sources, and the BuoyLink GPS tracking system, which is used to provide precise positioning of seismic sources and streamers.

 

Business Strategy

 

Our business strategy is to meet the needs of the seismic industry by leasing a wide range of equipment and to provide technologically advanced solutions for marine seismic applications. To accomplish this, we have identified the following major objectives:

 

 

Seismic Technology and the Oil Service Industry

 

Seismic surveys are a principal source of information used by oil and gas companies to identify geological conditions that are favorable for the accumulation of oil and gas and to evaluate the potential for successful drilling, development and production of oil and gas. Seismic technology has been used by the oil and gas industry since the 1920’s, and has advanced significantly with improvements in computing and electronic technologies. Beginning in the early 1990’s, the oil and gas industry significantly expanded its use of 3-D seismic data. 3-D seismic data provides a more comprehensive subsurface image and is believed to have contributed to improved drilling success rates, particularly in mature oil and gas basins such as those in North America. Additionally, 2-D seismic data continues to be used in many areas where 3-D data acquisition is cost prohibitive or logistical access is limited.

 

Oil and gas exploration companies utilize seismic data generated from the use of digital seismic systems and peripheral equipment in determining optimal locations for drilling oil and gas wells, in the development of oil and gas reserves and in reservoir management for the production of oil and gas. A complete digital seismic data

acquisition system generally consists of (i) a central electronics unit that records and stores digital data (“CEU”), (ii) seismic recording channel boxes that contain from one to eight seismic channels (“channel boxes”), (iii) geophones, or seismic sensors, (iv) energy sources including dynamite, air guns or earth vibrators that create the necessary acoustic wave to be recorded, (v) cables that transmit digital seismic data from the channel boxes to the CEU, (vi) geographic survey equipment, (vii) drilling equipment used in the seismic survey and (viii) other peripheral, or accessory, equipment.

 

In seismic data acquisition, an acoustic wave is generated at or below the earth’s surface through the discharge of compressed air, the detonation of small explosive charges or the use of large mechanical vibrators. As the acoustic wave travels through the earth, it is partially reflected by the underlying rock layers and the reflected energy is captured by sensors, such as geophones, which are situated at intervals along paths from the point of acoustical impulse. The resulting signals are then transmitted to the channel boxes, which convert the signals from analog to digital data and transmit this data via cable to the CEU. The CEU stores the seismic data on magnetic tape, disk or other recording media for processing. The digital data is then input into a specialized seismic processing system that uses sophisticated computer software programs to enhance the recorded signal and produce an image of the subsurface strata. By interpreting seismic data, oil and gas exploration companies create detailed maps of exploration prospects and oil and gas reservoirs.

 

Historically, a 2-D seismic survey had been the standard data acquisition technique used to map geologic formations over a broad area. 2-D seismic data can be visualized as a single vertical plane of subsurface information. Data gathered from a 3-D seismic survey is best visualized as a cube of information that can be sliced into numerous planes, providing different views of a geologic structure with much higher resolution than is available with traditional 2-D seismic survey techniques. 3-D seismic surveys generally require a larger amount of equipment than 2-D surveys. By using a greater number of channels and flexible configuration, 3-D seismic data provides more extensive and detailed information regarding the subsurface geology than 2-D data. As a result, 3-D data allows the geophysicists interpreting the data to more closely select the optimal location of a prospective drill site or define an oil and gas reservoir.

 

In the exploration and development process, oil and gas companies establish requirements for seismic data acquisition programs based on their technical objectives. Because of the expense associated with drilling oil and gas wells, decisions regarding whether or where to drill are critical to the overall process. Since 3-D seismic data increases drilling success rates and reduce costs, we believe that 3-D seismic surveys are now predominant. As a result of the increasing requirements for this higher resolution data, which in turn requires additional channels to collect and transmit the data, seismic data acquisition systems have been expanding in size during the past several years.

 

Industry advances include the use of high resolution 3-D, three-component geophones (“3D-3C”), which enhance the 3-D image of the sub-surface, and time lapse (“4-D”) seismic techniques, where surveys are periodically reacquired to allow the monitoring of producing oil and gas fields for optimal production and reserve recovery. These and other technical advances have contributed to increased drilling success rates and reduced oil and gas finding costs.

 

With the expanded use of seismic technology, particularly 3-D seismic surveys, the size of data acquisition surveys has increased substantially in the past several years. Demand for higher resolution data, larger surveys and more rapid completion of such surveys is now requiring seismic contractors to use data acquisition systems with a greater number of seismic recording channels. Additionally, the size of seismic surveys varies significantly, requiring frequent changes in the configuration of equipment and crews used for seismic surveys. As a result of these advances, seismic survey channel count has increased from smaller 2-D surveys, which typically averaged 120 channels, to larger 3-D surveys, which today average more than 5,000 channels and sometimes use 10,000 or more channels. We believe that many seismic contractors will continue to meet changes in equipment needs by leasing incremental equipment to expand crew size as necessary, thereby reducing the substantial capital expenditures required to purchase such equipment.

 

Seismic surveys utilizing 2-D, 3-D or 4-D techniques require essentially the same equipment. The manner in which the equipment is deployed and the resulting data analyzed differs, however. Accordingly, our equipment can

generally be utilized in 2-D, 3-D and 4-D seismic surveys. Since 3-D and 4-D seismic surveys generally utilize significantly more equipment than 2-D seismic surveys, the potential to lease our seismic equipment is increased.

 

Business and Operations

 

Equipment Leasing.  We own a comprehensive lease pool of seismic equipment for short-term leasing to our customers, who are primarily seismic data acquisition contractors. We lease this equipment multiple times until the end of its useful life or its sale. Our equipment leasing services generally include the lease of the various components of seismic data acquisition systems and related equipment to meet a customer’s job specifications. These specifications frequently vary as to the number of required recording channels, geophones, energy sources (e.g., earth vibrators) and other equipment. Our customers generally lease seismic equipment to supplement their own inventory of recording channels and related equipment.

 

Our land equipment lease pool includes a total of approximately 76,000 seismic recording land channels (each channel capable of electronically converting seismic data from analog to digital format and transmitting the digital data), geophones and cables, and other peripheral equipment. Our lease pool of marine seismic equipment includes streamers (recording channels that are towed behind a vessel), air compressors, air guns, streamer positioning equipment, energy source controllers and other equipment. Our lease pool equipment is manufactured by leading seismic equipment manufacturers and is widely used in the seismic industry. Our marine lease pool includes energy source controllers and GPS tracking systems that are manufactured by our Seamap segment.

 

Our equipment leases generally have terms of three to six months and are typically renewable on a month-to-month basis. Our equipment lease rates vary according to an item’s expected useful life, utilization, initial cost and the term of the lease. We provide maintenance of our leased equipment during the lease term for malfunctions due to failure of material and parts and will provide replacement equipment, as necessary. In addition, we provide field technical support services when requested by our customers. The customer is responsible for the cost of repairing equipment damages other than normal wear and tear and replacing destroyed or lost equipment under the terms of our standard lease agreements. The customer is also normally responsible for the costs of shipping the equipment from and to one of our facilities and is responsible for all taxes, other than income taxes, related to the lease of the equipment. The customer is required to obtain and maintain insurance for the replacement value of the equipment and a specified minimum amount of general liability insurance. While it is our general practice to lease our seismic equipment on a monthly basis, we may from time to time lease some equipment on a day rate usage basis in response to market conditions.

 

Seismic equipment leasing is susceptible to weather patterns in certain geographic regions. In Canada and Russia, a significant percentage of the seismic survey activity occurs in the winter months, from December through March or April. During the months in which the weather is warmer, certain areas are not accessible to trucks, earth vibrators and other heavy equipment because of the unstable terrain. In other areas of the world, such as Southeast Asia and Pacific Rim, periods of heavy rain, known as monsoons, can impair seismic operations. We are able, in many cases, to transfer our equipment from one region to another in order to deal with seasonal demand and to increase our equipment utilization.

 

Upon completion of a lease, the equipment must generally be returned to one of our facilities for inspection, testing and, if necessary, repair. While the customer is normally responsible for the costs of shipping and repairs, during this time the equipment is not available for lease to another customer. Therefore, managing this process and the utilization of the equipment is an important aspect of our operations. Given the short term of most of our leases, we believe that the highest achievable annual utilization for most of our equipment is approximately 65%. However, many factors can affect this utilization, including the term of our leases, the shipping time required to return equipment to one of our facilities, the time required to inspect, test and repair equipment after return from a lease and the demand for the equipment.

 

Historically, the majority of the inspection, testing and repair has been done in our Huntsville, Texas or Calgary, Alberta facilities. In fiscal 2008 we added inspection and testing capabilities to our facility in Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia and inspection, testing and limited repair capabilities to our facility in Singapore. We believe that by expanding these capabilities we will be able to more effectively utilize our equipment and reduce costs associated with these operations. The incremental cost for the additional facilities was not material.

Lease Pool Equipment Sales.  On occasion, we sell used equipment from our lease pool, normally in response to specific customer demand or to declining demand for rental of specific equipment. Used equipment sold from our lease pool can have a wide range of gross margin depending upon the amount of depreciation that has been recorded on the item. When used equipment is sold from our lease pool, the net book value plus any cost associated with the sale is recorded to cost of goods sold. Sales of our lease pool equipment typically occur as opportunities arise and do not have a significant seasonal aspect. We generally expect sales of lease pool equipment in future periods to be a smaller component of our business than they have been in the past. However, we will evaluate any opportunities for the sale of equipment from our lease pool, and based upon our evaluation, may sell additional equipment. Such sales of lease pool equipment could be material.

 

Other Equipment Sales.  The “Other equipment sales” included in our Equipment Leasing segment fall into two broad categories:

 

 

Seamap Equipment Sales.  Seamap designs, manufactures and sells a broad range of proprietary products for the seismic, hydrographic and offshore industries. Seamap’s primary products include (i) the GunLink seismic source acquisition and control systems, which are designed to provide operators of marine seismic surveys more precise control of energy sources, and (ii) the BuoyLink GPS tracking system used to provide precise positioning of seismic sources and streamers. Seamap’s design and manufacturing facilities are located in the United Kingdom and in Singapore.

 

Key Supplier Agreements

 

The Sercel Lease Agreement

 

In September 2006 we entered into a new Exclusive Equipment Lease Agreement with Sercel under which we are generally the exclusive worldwide authorized lessor for Sercel’s DSU3 428XL products (the “Exclusive Products”), except that we have agreed not to lease the Exclusive Products for use in mainland China and we have non-exclusive rights to lease the Exclusive Products in the CIS. The geographic area covering the exclusive arrangement is referred to as the “Exclusive Territory.”

 

Under the agreement, we have also agreed not to offer financing leases or leases with terms greater than one year related to the Exclusive Products without Sercel’s prior consent. Sercel has agreed to refer any inquires for short-term rentals of the Exclusive Products for use within the Exclusive Territory to us and to not recommend any competitor of ours as a source of such rentals. Sercel and we have agreed to cooperate in the promotion and marketing of the Exclusive Products.

 

The agreement provides that Sercel will grant us specified pricing for the purchase of the Exclusive Products and certain other products. In return, we agreed to purchase a total of 9,000 stations, or 27,000 channels, of the Exclusive Products by December 31, 2008. However, the agreement allows us to purchase other equipment with a comparable value from Sercel in order to satisfy our purchase obligation. We have met our purchase obligations under this agreement.

 

Other Agreements

 

SAP has a number of manufacturer’s representation agreements for major product lines, including: acoustic positioning systems, data acquisition systems, geophones, hydrophones, connectors, cables, test equipment, GPS systems, heave compensators and attitude sensors, hydrographic data acquisition systems, magnetometers, tide gauges and current meters, radio positioning equipment, side-scan sonar and sub-bottom profiling systems, underwater communications and location devices, echo sounders and transducers.

Certain software utilized by Seamap’s GunLink products was developed by Tanglesolve Instrumentation, Ltd. (“Tanglesolve”) under a cooperation agreement with Seamap. Under this agreement, Tanglesolve received a royalty payment from the sale of each GunLink product. In December 2007 Seamap acquired all of the capital stock of Tanglesolve. At the time, essentially Tanglesolve’s only assets were the cooperation agreement and the intellectual property related to the GunLink software. In connection with this transaction Seamap entered into a new cooperation agreement with the former shareholders of Tanglesolve whereby they provide certain on-going support services.

 

Customers, Sales, Backlog and Marketing

 

Our lease customers generally are seismic data acquisition contractors. We typically have a small number of lease customers, the composition of which changes yearly as leases are negotiated and concluded and equipment needs vary. As of January 31, 2008, we had approximately 55 lease customers with 87 active leases of various lengths, but typically for less than a year.

 

We do not maintain a backlog of orders relating to our Equipment Leasing segment. As of January 31, 2008, our Seamap segment had a backlog of orders amounting to approximately $4.1 million. We expect all of these orders to be fulfilled during our fiscal year ending January 31, 2009.

 

We participate in both domestic and international trade shows and expositions to inform the industry of our products and services and we advertise in major geophysical trade journals.

 

A summary of our revenues from customers by geographic region, outside the U.S., is as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

The net book value of our fixed assets in our various geographic locations is as follows (in thousands):

 

 

For information regarding the risks associated with our foreign operations, see Item 1A — “Risk Factors.”

 

For fiscal 2008, we had one customer, CGV, which represented approximately 21% of our consolidated revenues. CGV was created from the merger of Compagnie Generale de Geophysique (“CGG”) and Veritas DGC,

Inc. (“Veritas”), which was effective from January 12, 2007. Both CGG and Veritas were our customers prior to the merger. Had CGV been in existence for all of our fiscal year ended January 31, 2007, sales to that entity would have represented approximately 14% of our total consolidated revenues. Neither CGG nor Veritas individually accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenues in fiscal 2007. Veritas represented approximately 10% of fiscal 2006 total revenues. No other customer exceeded 10% of revenues for fiscal 2006.

 

Competition

 

Our major competitors are the major seismic equipment manufacturers who sell equipment on financed terms. We face lesser competition from several companies that engage in seismic equipment leasing, but competition has historically been fragmented and our competitors have not had as extensive a seismic equipment lease pool as we do. We compete for seismic equipment leases on the basis of (i) price and delivery, (ii) variety and availability of both peripheral seismic equipment and complete data acquisition systems and (iii) length of lease term. We believe that our infrastructure and broad geographic presence also provide a major competitive advantage by contributing to our operational efficiencies.

 

We compete in the used equipment sales market with a broad base of seismic equipment owners, including seismic data acquisition contractors, which use and eventually dispose of seismic equipment, many of which have substantially greater financial resources than our own.

 

Suppliers

 

We have several suppliers of seismic equipment for our lease pool. We acquire the majority of our seismic lease pool equipment from, Sercel, a subsidiary of CGV. However, we also acquire lease pool equipment from a number of other suppliers including ION, Bauer Compressors, Inc. and OYO Geospace Corporation. Management believes that our current relationships with our suppliers are satisfactory. For additional information regarding the risk associated with our suppliers, see Item 1A “Risk Factors.”

 

Employees

 

As of January 31, 2008, we employed 126 people full-time, none of whom is covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our employee relations to be satisfactory.

 

Intellectual Property

 

The products designed, manufactured and sold by our Seamap segment utilize significant intellectual property that we have developed or have licensed from others. Our internally developed intellectual property consists of product designs and trade secrets. We currently have no patents covering any of this intellectual property. For additional information regarding the risks associated with our intellectual property, see Item 1A — “Risk Factors.”

 

Website Access to Our Periodic SEC Reports

 

Our internet address is http://www.mitchamindustries.com. We file and furnish Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports, with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which are available free of charge through our website. Materials we file with the SEC may be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an internet website at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding our company that we file and furnish electronically with the SEC.

 

We may from time to time provide important disclosures to investors by posting them in the investor relations section of our website, as allowed by SEC rules. Information on our website is not incorporated into this Form 10-K.

 

The risks described below could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and the actual outcome of matters as to which forward-looking statements are made in this Form 10-K. The risk factors described below are not the only ones we face. Our business, financial condition and results of operations may also be affected by additional factors that are not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial or that are not specific to us, such as general economic conditions.

 

You should refer to the explanation of the qualifications and imitations on forward-looking statements on page 1 of this Form 10-K. All forward-looking statements made by us are qualified by the risk factors described below.

 

Demand for Seismic Data Is Not Assured

 

Demand for our services depends on the level of spending by oil and gas companies for exploration, production and development activities, as well as on the number of crews conducting land, transition zone and marine seismic data acquisition worldwide. The levels of such spending are influenced by:

 

 

The cyclical nature of the oil and gas industry can have a significant effect on our revenues and profitability. Historically, oil and gas prices, as well as the level of exploration and developmental activity, have fluctuated significantly. These fluctuations have in the past, and may in the future, adversely affect our business. We are unable to predict future oil and gas prices or the level of oil and gas industry activity. A prolonged low level of activity in the oil and gas industry will likely depress development activity, adversely affecting the demand for our products and services and our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Loss of Significant Customers Will Adversely Affect Us

 

We typically lease and sell significant amounts of seismic equipment to a relatively small number of customers, the composition of which changes from year to year as leases are initiated and concluded and as customers’ equipment needs vary. Therefore, at any one time, a large portion of our revenues may be derived from a limited number of customers. In the fiscal years ended January 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, our single largest customer accounted for approximately 21%, 14% and 10%, respectively, of our consolidated revenues. Our five largest customers accounted for approximately 46% of our consolidated revenues in the fiscal year ended January 31, 2008. There has recently been considerable consolidation among certain of our customers and this trend may continue. This consolidation could result in the loss of our customers and could result in a decrease in the demand for our equipment.

 

Significant Defaults of Past-Due Customer Accounts Would Adversely Affect Our Results of Operations

 

On January 31, 2008, we had approximately $19.7 million of customer accounts and contracts receivable, of which approximately $4.9 million was over 90 days past due. At January 31, 2008, we had an allowance of approximately $1.5 million to cover losses in our receivable balances. Significant payment defaults by our customers in excess of the allowance would have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.

 

We Derive Significant Revenues from Foreign Sales, Which Pose Additional Risks to Our Operations

 

Our results of operations are dependent upon the current political and economic climate of several countries in which our customers either operate or are located. International sources of revenues (including Canada) accounted

for approximately 82% of our revenues in the fiscal year ended January 31, 2008. Accordingly, our business and results of operations are subject to various risks inherent in international operations. These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

 

In addition, many of our operations are conducted in currencies other than U.S. dollars. Those currencies include the Canadian dollar, the Australian dollar, the Singapore dollar, the Russian ruble and the British pound sterling. Therefore, we are subject to risks from fluctuations in the value of those currencies. Our internationally-sourced revenues are also subject to the risk of currency exchange controls (in which payment could not be made in U.S. dollars), taxation policies, and expropriation, as well as to political turmoil, civil disturbances, armed hostilities, and other geopolitical hazards.

 

Foreign Currency Exchange Rates Have Increasingly Materially Affected Our Financial Statements

 

For accounting purposes, balance sheet accounts of our operating subsidiaries are translated at the current exchange rate as of the end of the accounting period. Statement of operations items are translated at average currency exchange rates. The resulting translation adjustment is recorded as a separate component of comprehensive income within shareholders’ equity. This translation adjustment has in the past been, and may in the future be, material because of the significant amount of assets held by our international subsidiaries and the fluctuations in the foreign exchange rates.

 

Our Operations and Financial Condition Will Be Materially Adversely Affected if We Are Unable to Continually Obtain Additional Lease Contracts

 

Our seismic equipment leases typically have a term of three to six months and provide gross revenues that recover only a portion of our capital investment on the initial lease. Our ability to generate lease revenues and profits is dependent on obtaining additional lease contracts after the termination of an original lease. However, lease customers are under no obligation to, and frequently do not, continue to lease seismic equipment after the expiration of a lease. Although we have been successful in obtaining additional lease contracts with other customers after the termination of the original leases, we cannot assure you that we will continue to do so. Our failure to obtain additional leases or extensions beyond the initial lease term would have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition.

 

Our Failure to Attract and Retain Key Personnel Could Adversely Affect Our Operations

 

Our success is dependent on, among other things, the services of certain key personnel, including specifically Billy F. Mitcham, Jr., our President and Chief Executive Officer. The loss of the services of Mr. Mitcham or other personnel could have a material adverse effect on our operations.

 

Our Seismic Lease Pool is Subject to Technological Obsolescence

 

We have a substantial capital investment in seismic data acquisition equipment. The development by manufacturers of seismic equipment of newer technology systems or component parts that have significant competitive advantages over seismic systems and component parts now in use could have an adverse effect on our ability to profitably lease and sell our existing seismic equipment. Significant improvements in technology may also require us to recognize an asset impairment charge to our lease pool investment and to correspondingly invest significant sums to upgrade or replace our existing lease pool with newer-technology equipment demanded by our customers, which could affect our ability to compete as well as have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

Seasonal Conditions Cause Fluctuations in Our Operating Results

 

The first and fourth quarters of our fiscal year have historically accounted for a greater portion of our lease revenues than do our second and third quarters. This seasonality in leasing revenues is primarily due to the increased seismic survey activity in Canada and Russia from January through March or April. This seasonal pattern may cause our results of operations to vary significantly from quarter to quarter. Accordingly, period-to-period comparisons are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied on as indicative of future results.

 

We Face Competition in Our Seismic Equipment Leasing Activities

 

We have several competitors engaged in seismic equipment leasing and sales, including seismic equipment manufacturers and data acquisition contractors that use seismic equipment, many of which have substantially greater financial resources than our own. Competition exists to a lesser extent from seismic data acquisition contractors that may lease equipment that is temporarily idle. There are also several smaller competitors that, in the aggregate, generate significant revenues from the sale of seismic survey equipment. Pressures from existing or new competitors could adversely affect our business operations.

 

We Rely on a Small Number of Suppliers and Disruption in Vendor Supplies Could Adversely Affect Our Results of Operations

 

We purchase the majority of our seismic equipment for our lease pool from a small number of suppliers. Should our relationships with our suppliers deteriorate, we may have difficulty in obtaining new technology required by our customers and maintaining our existing equipment in accordance with manufacturers’ specifications. In addition, we may, from time to time, experience supply or quality control problems with suppliers, and these problems could significantly affect our ability to meet our lease commitments. Reliance on certain suppliers, as well as industry supply conditions, generally involve several risks, including the possibility of a shortage or a lack of availability of key products and increases in product costs and reduced control over delivery schedules; any of these events could adversely affect our future results of operations.

 

The Operations of Seamap are Subject to Special Risks

 

The design and manufacturing operations of our Seamap segment are subject to risks not associated with our equipment leasing business. These risks include the following:

 

Risks Associated with Intellectual Property.  We rely on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, and restrictions on disclosure to protect our intellectual property. We also enter into confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, consultants and corporate partners and control access to and distribution of our design information, documentation and other proprietary information. These intellectual property protection measures may not be sufficient to prevent wrongful misappropriation of our technology. In addition, these measures will not prevent competitors from independently developing technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our technology. The laws of many foreign countries may not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Failure to protect proprietary information could result in, among other things, loss of competitive advantage, loss of customer orders and decreased revenues. Monitoring the unauthorized use of our products is difficult and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent unauthorized use of our technology, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States. If competitors are able to use our technology, our ability to compete effectively could be impaired.

 

We may be subject to infringement claims and other intellectual property disputes as competition in the marketplace continues to intensify. In the future, we may be subject to litigation and may be required to defend against claimed infringements of the rights of others or to determine the scope and validity of the proprietary rights of others. Any such litigation could be costly and divert management’s attention from operations. In addition, adverse determinations in such litigation could, among other things:

 

 

 

If we are forced to take any of the foregoing actions, our business may be seriously harmed. Any litigation to protect our intellectual property or to defend ourselves against the claims of others could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and may not ultimately be successful.

 

Risks Related to Product Performance.  The production of new products with high technology content involves occasional problems while the technology and manufacturing methods mature. If significant reliability or quality problems develop, including those due to faulty components, a number of negative effects on our business could result, including:

 

 

Although we maintain accruals for product warranties, actual costs could exceed these amounts. From time to time, there may be interruptions or delays in the activation of products at a customer’s site. These interruptions or delays may result from product performance problems or from aspects of the installation and activation activities, some of which are outside our control. If we experience significant interruptions or delays that cannot be promptly resolved, confidence in our products could be undermined, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations.

 

Risks Related to Raw Materials.  We depend on a limited number of suppliers for components of our products, as well as for equipment used to design and test our products. Certain components used in our products may be available from a sole source or limited number of vendors. If these suppliers were to limit or reduce the sale of such components to us, or if these suppliers were to experience financial difficulties or other problems that prevented them from supplying us with the necessary components, these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. These sole source and other suppliers are each subject to quality and performance issues, materials shortages, excess demand, reduction in capacity and other factors that may disrupt the flow of goods to us; thereby adversely affecting our business and customer relationships. Some of the sole source and limited source vendors are companies who, from time to time, may allocate parts to equipment manufacturers due to market demand for components and equipment. We have no guaranteed supply arrangements with our suppliers and there can be no assurance that our suppliers will continue to meet our requirements. Many of our competitors are much larger and may be able to obtain priority allocations from these shared vendors, thereby limiting or making our sources of supply unreliable for these components. If our supply arrangements are interrupted, we cannot assure you that we would be able to find another supplier on a timely or satisfactory basis. Any delay in component availability for any of our products could result in delays in deployment of these products and in our ability to recognize revenues.

 

If we are unable to obtain a sufficient supply of components from alternative sources, reduced supplies and higher prices of components will significantly limit our ability to meet scheduled product deliveries to customers. A delay in receiving certain components or the inability to receive certain components could harm our customer relationships and our results of operations.

 

Failures of components affect the reliability and performance of our products, can reduce customer confidence in our products, and may adversely affect our financial performance. From time to time, we may experience delays

in receipt of components and may receive components that do not perform according to their specifications. Any future difficulty in obtaining sufficient and timely delivery of components could result in delays or reductions in product shipments that could harm our business. In addition, a consolidation among suppliers of these components or adverse developments in their businesses that affect their ability to meet our supply demands could adversely impact the availability of components that we depend on. Delayed deliveries from these sources could adversely affect our business.

 

Our Stock Price is Subject to Volatility

 

Energy and energy service company stock prices, including our stock price, have been extremely volatile from time to time. Stock price volatility could adversely affect our business operations by, among other things, impeding our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel and to obtain additional financing.

 

Recent Growth Many Not Be Sustainable

 

In recent periods we have experienced significant growth in revenues, driven in large part be generally favorable economic conditions within the oil and gas industry in general and within the seismic services industry specifically. This growth may not be sustainable and, accordingly, our recent growth may not be indicative of future results of operations.

 

Because We Have No Plans to Pay Any Dividends for the Foreseeable Future, Investors Must Look Solely to Stock Appreciation for a Return on Their Investment in Us

 

We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock since our incorporation and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain any future earnings to support our operations and growth. Any payment of cash dividends in the future will be dependent on the amount of funds legally available, our financial condition, capital requirements and other factors that our Board of directors may deem relevant. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investment.

 

Provisions in Our Articles of Incorporation and Texas Law Could Discourage a Takeover Attempt, Which May Reduce or Eliminate the Likelihood of a Change of Control Transaction and, Therefore, the Ability of Our Shareholders to Sell Their Shares for a Premium

 

Provisions of our Articles of Incorporation and the Texas Business Corporation Act may tend to delay, defer or prevent a potential unsolicited offer or takeover attempt that is not approved by our Board of Directors but that our shareholders might consider to be in their best interest, including an attempt that might result in shareholders receiving a premium over the market price for their shares. Because our Board of Directors is authorized to issue preferred stock with preferences and rights as it determines, it may afford the holders of any series of preferred stock preferences, rights or voting powers superior to those of the holders of common stock. Although we have no shares of preferred stock outstanding and no present intention to issue any shares of our preferred stock, there can be no assurance that we will not do so in the future.

 

Not applicable.

 

We occupy the following facilities that we believe are adequately utilized for our current operations:

 

 

 

From time to time, we are a party to legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. We are not currently a party to any litigation that we believe could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

 

None.

 

 

Market Information for Common Stock

 

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “MIND.” The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market.

 

 

As of April 2, 2008, there were approximately 6,000 holders of record of our common stock.

 

Dividend Policy

 

We have not paid any cash dividends on the common stock since our inception, and our Board of Directors does not contemplate the payment of cash dividends in the foreseeable future. It is the present policy of our Board of Directors to retain earnings, if any, for use in developing and expanding our business. In the future, our payment of dividends will also depend on the amount of funds available, our financial condition, capital requirements and such other factors as our Board of Directors may consider.

 

As of January 31, 2008, we had deposits in foreign banks equal to approximately $7.7 million. These funds may generally be transferred to our accounts in the United States without restriction. However, the transfer of these funds may result in withholding taxes payable to foreign taxing authorities. Any such transfer taxes generally may be credited against our federal income tax obligations in the United States. Additionally, the transfer of funds from our foreign subsidiaries to the United States may result in currently taxable income in the United States. These factors could limit our ability to pay cash dividends in the future.

Performance Graph

 

This performance graph shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC or subject to Section 18 of the Exchange Act, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933.

 

The following graph compares our common stock’s cumulative total shareholder return for the period beginning January 31, 2003 through January 31, 2008, to the cumulative total shareholder return on (i) the S&P’s Smallcap 600 stock index and (ii) an index of peer companies we selected. The cumulative total return assumes that the value of an investment in our common stock and each index was $100 on January 31, 2003, and that all dividends were reinvested.

 

COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among Mitcham Industries, Inc., The S&P Smallcap 600 Index
And A Peer Group

 

 

 

 

 

The peer companies index consists of: Compagnie Generale de Geophysique-Veritas (NYSE: GGV), Dawson Geophysical Company (NASDAQ: DWSN), Ion Geophysical Corp. (NYSE: IO) and Omni Energy Services Corp. (NASDAQ: OMNI).

 

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

 

We did not purchase any of our equity securities during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended January 31, 2008.

 

The selected consolidated financial information contained below is derived from our Consolidated Financial Statements and should be read in conjunction with Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our audited consolidated financial statements including the footnotes thereto.

 

 

 

Overview

 

We operate in two segments, equipment leasing and equipment manufacturing. The equipment manufacturing segment is conducted by our Seamap subsidiaries and therefore is referred to as our “Seamap” segment. Our equipment leasing operations are conducted from our Huntsville, Texas headquarters and from our locations in Calgary, Canada; Brisbane, Australia; and Ufa, Russia. This includes the operations of our MCL, SAP and MSE subsidiaries. We acquired Seamap in July 2005. Seamap operates from its locations near Bristol, United Kingdom and in Singapore.

 

Management believes that the performance of our Equipment Leasing segment is indicated by revenues from equipment leasing and by the level of our investment in lease pool equipment. Management further believes that the performance of our Seamap segment is indicated by revenues from equipment sales and by gross profit from those sales. Management monitors EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, both as defined in the following table, as key indicators of our overall performance.

The following table presents certain operating information by operating segment:

 

 

 

 

In our Equipment Leasing segment, we lease seismic data acquisition equipment primarily to seismic data acquisition companies conducting land, transition zone and marine seismic surveys worldwide. We provide short-term leasing of seismic equipment to meet a customer’s requirements. The majority of all active leases at January 31, 2008 were for a term of less than one year. Seismic equipment held for lease is carried at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. We acquire some marine lease pool equipment from our Seamap segment. These amounts are carried in our lease pool at the cost to our Seamap segment, less accumulated depreciation. From time to time, we sell lease pool equipment to our customers. These sales are usually transacted when we have equipment for which we do not have near term needs in our leasing business. We also occasionally sell new seismic equipment that we acquire from other manufacturers. In addition to leasing seismic equipment, SAP sells equipment, consumables, systems integration, engineering hardware and software maintenance support services to the seismic, hydrographic, oceanographic, environmental and defense industries throughout Southeast Asia and Australia.

 

Our Seamap segment designs, manufactures and sells a variety of products used primarily in marine seismic applications. Seamap’s primary products include the (i) GunLink seismic source acquisition and control systems, which provide marine operators more precise control of exploration tools, and (ii) the BuoyLink GPS tracking system used to provide precise positioning of seismic sources and streamers (marine recording channels that are towed behind a vessel).

 

Seismic equipment leasing is susceptible to weather patterns in certain geographic regions. In Canada and Russia, a significant percentage of the seismic survey activity occurs in the winter months, from December through March or April. During the months in which the weather is warmer, certain areas are not accessible to trucks, earth vibrators and other heavy equipment because of the unstable terrain. In other areas of the world, such as Southeast Asia and Pacific Rim, periods of heavy rain, known as monsoons, can impair seismic operations. We are able, in many cases, to transfer our equipment from one region to another in order to deal with seasonal demand and to increase our equipment utilization.

 

The oil and gas exploration industry has enjoyed generally sustained growth in recent periods, fueled primarily by historically high commodity prices for oil and natural gas. We, along with much of the seismic industry, have benefited from this growth. Our revenues are directly related to the level of worldwide oil and gas exploration activities and to the profitability and cash flows of oil and gas companies and seismic contractors, which in turn are affected by expectations regarding the supply and demand for oil and natural gas, energy prices and finding and development costs. Land seismic data acquisition activity levels are measured in terms of the number of active recording crews, known as the “crew count,” and the number of recording channels deployed by those crews, known as “channel count.” Because an accurate and reliable census of active crews does not exist, it is not possible to make definitive statements regarding the absolute levels of seismic data acquisition activity. Furthermore, a significant number of seismic data acquisition contractors are either private or state-owned enterprises and information about their activities is not available in the public domain. Nonetheless, we believe the seismic industry is currently enjoying a period of stable and sustained growth. This is evidenced by increased demand for our equipment, improving financial results as reported by many seismic contractors and announcements by some seismic contractors of increased crew count and channel count. We believe that this increase is being driven by relatively high world oil and North American natural gas prices, combined with the maturation of the world’s hydrocarbon producing basins. The future direction and magnitude of changes in seismic data acquisition activity levels will continue to be dependent upon oil and natural gas prices to a large degree.

 

The market for products sold by Seamap and the demand for the leasing of marine seismic equipment is dependent upon activity within the offshore, or marine, seismic industry, including the re-fitting of existing seismic vessels and the equipping of new vessels.

 

Current prices of oil and natural gas have resulted in increased activity in the oil and gas industry and in turn resulted in an increased demand for seismic services. This has contributed to an increased demand for leasing of our equipment. We cannot predict how long the current trend will last, but we believe that a depressed oil and gas industry results in lower demand, thus lower revenues from the leasing of our equipment. We do not quantitatively calculate utilization rates for our equipment lease pool. However, we do subjectively monitor factors which we believe reflect trends in utilization. We have relatively fixed costs within certain revenue ranges and, as a result, our earnings are particularly sensitive to changes in utilization and demand for our lease equipment.

We have responded to the increased demand for our services and products by adding new equipment to our lease pool and by introducing new products from our Seamap segment. During fiscal 2008 and 2007 we added approximately $26.0 million and $25.5 million, respectively, of equipment to our lease pool. We have also attempted to improve the utilization of our lease pool by establishing test facilities in Russia and in Singapore. Should the present growth for the seismic industry continue, we expect to add new equipment to our lease pool. We may also establish operating locations in new geographic areas, but we have no plans to do so at the current time.

 

We also may seek to expand our lease pool by acquiring different types of equipment or equipment which can be used in different types of seismic applications. We have done this in the past such as adding marine seismic equipment to our lease pool. We recently placed an order for equipment used in vertical seismic profiling (“VSP”) applications. VSP is a technology in which seismic recording devices are introduced into a well bore, such as an oil or gas well. VSP technology has a wide array of application, some of which are not related to oil and gas exploration. These applications include 3D surface seismic surveys, well and reservoir monitoring, analysis of fluid treatments of oil and gas wells and underground storage monitoring. The amount of equipment that we have committed to acquire has not been material to date but could be in the future.

 

A significant portion of our revenues are generated from foreign sources. For the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, revenues from international customers totaled approximately $62.6 million, $37.3 million and $25.2 million, respectively. These amounts represent 82%, 76% and 73% of consolidated revenues in those fiscal years, respectively. The majority of our transactions with foreign customers are denominated in United States, Australian, Canadian and Singapore dollars, Russian rubles and British pounds sterling.

 

Our revenues and results of operations have not been materially impacted by inflation or changing prices in the past three fiscal years, except as described above.

 

Results of Operations

 

For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2008, we recorded operating income of approximately $16.4 million, compared to approximately $6.6 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2007 and approximately $7.5 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2006. The improvements in operating income are primarily attributable to increased equipment leasing activity and the contribution of the Seamap segment. However, our results for the year ended January 31, 2007 were negatively impacted by issues in our Seamap segment related to a new product that was introduced during this period as more fully discussed below.

 

Our Equipment Leasing segment recorded increased gross profit in the year ended January 31, 2008 of approximately $27.9 million, as compared to approximately $20.2 million and $15.4 million for the years ended January 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. These increases were due primarily to the increased rental activity and the expansion of our lease pool of equipment during these periods.

 

Our Seamap segment recorded gross profits of $8.0 million, $3.3 million and $2.3 million in the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. These increases are primarily the result of increased sales of our GunLink and BuoyLink products and are in spite of the new product issues identified above.

 

Effective February 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 123R, Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123R”). Accordingly, the amount of expense recognized related to stock based compensation during the year ended January 31, 2008 was approximately $2.3 million, as compared to approximately $1.6 million in the year ended January 31, 2007 and $153,000 in the year ended January 31, 2006.

Revenues and Cost of Sales

 

Equipment Leasing

 

Revenues and cost of sales from our Equipment Leasing segment is comprised of the following:

 

 

In fiscal 2008 our equipment leasing revenues increased approximately $9.4 million, or 38% over fiscal 2007, and fiscal 2007 equipment leasing revenues increased approximately $2.8 million, or 13% over fiscal 2006. Equipment leasing revenues have increased in each of the past three fiscal years due to increased demand for seismic equipment, expansion into new geographic markets, including Russia and the CIS, and expansion of our lease pool, including equipment for marine applications. The demand for seismic equipment is primarily driven by the global oil and gas exploration issues discussed above. In fiscal 2008, we acquired approximately $26.0 million of new lease pool equipment due to additional demand from customers. However, approximately $13.0 million of this equipment was acquired in the fourth quarter and did not contribute significantly to our leasing revenues in fiscal 2008. Likewise, in fiscal 2007 we added approximately $25.5 million of new lease pool equipment, of which approximately $15.4 million was added in the fourth quarter of that year.

 

From time to time, we sell equipment from our lease pool based on specific customer demand or in order to redeploy our capital in other lease pool assets. These transactions tend to occur as opportunities arise and accordingly are difficult to predict. The gross profit and related gross profit margin from the sales of lease pool equipment amounted to approximately $2.5 million (71%) in fiscal 2008, $2.3 million (54%) in fiscal 2007, and $4.3 million (82%) in fiscal 2006. Often the equipment that is sold from our lease pool has been held by us, and therefore depreciated, for some period of time. Accordingly, the equipment sold may have a relatively low net book value at the time of the sale, resulting in a relatively high gross profit from the transaction. The amount of the gross profit on a particular transaction varies greatly based primarily upon the age of the equipment.

 

Occasionally, we sell new seismic equipment that we acquire from other manufacturers. Often these arrangements are structured with a significant down payment, with the balance financed over a period of time at a market rate of interest. In the year ended January 31, 2008, we entered into two such transactions in which we financed a portion of the selling price for periods of approximately 12 to 24 months. SAP regularly sells new hydrographic and oceanographic equipment to customers in Australia and throughout the Pacific Rim. The gross profit and related gross profit margin from the sale of new seismic, hydrographic and oceanographic equipment

amounted to approximately $3.3 million (24%), $2.7 million (31%), and $895,000 (28%) in the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Depreciation expense related to lease pool equipment for fiscal 2008 amounted to approximately $10.4 million, as compared to approximately $7.6 million in fiscal 2007 and approximately $8.3 million in fiscal 2006. The increase in depreciation expense from fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2008 was attributable to the additions we made to our lease pool in fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2008. However, as a significant portion of the equipment was added in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 the impact of that equipment on depreciation expense for fiscal 2008 was not significant. The decline in depreciation expense from fiscal 2006 to fiscal 2007 was due to more of our equipment becoming fully depreciated. At January 31, 2008, lease pool assets with an acquisition cost of approximately $46.7 million were fully depreciated, yet remained in service. This compares to $41.0 million at January 31, 2007 and approximately $41.1 million at January 31, 2006. These assets, though fully depreciated, are expected to continue to generate revenues through leasing activity.

 

Our business generally parallels trends in the oil and gas industry. When the oil and gas industry was depressed over the period from 1998 to 2004, we experienced net losses for those periods. As the oil and gas industry is on an upward trend, we are experiencing increased demand for our equipment, including equipment that has been fully depreciated. Increased demand for our equipment results in higher revenues and generally has no impact on depreciation in the short term as our equipment is depreciated from the first month it is placed in service until it is fully depreciated. Depreciation expense is recorded monthly whether or not the equipment is actually generating revenues on a lease contract. During periods of high demand, such as the one we are currently experiencing, our ability to lease older equipment, (including fully depreciated equipment) is enhanced; whereas in periods of low demand, the opposite is true. As a result, revenues and depreciation expense will not necessarily directly correlate. Over the long-term, depreciation expense is impacted by increases in equipment purchases to meet growing demand for our leased equipment. We have been able to purchase equipment at discounts through volume purchase arrangements. A lower purchase price results in lower depreciation expense than in previous periods. Although some of the equipment in our lease pool has reached the end of its depreciable life, given the increased demand, the equipment continues to be in service and continues to generate revenues. Because the depreciable life of our equipment in our industry is determined more by technical obsolescence than by usage or wear and tear, some of our equipment, although fully depreciated, is still capable of functioning appropriately. Currently, in our industry, higher demand is generating more leasing revenues and older equipment is more in demand than in prior periods.

 

We recorded direct costs related to seismic leasing for fiscal 2008 in the amount of approximately $1.8 million as compared to approximately $2.2 million in fiscal 2007 and approximately $2.9 million in fiscal 2006. Direct costs typically fluctuate with leasing revenues, as the three main components of direct costs are freight, repairs and sublease expense. Costs in fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007 decreased in spite of higher leasing revenues, primarily due to greater reimbursement of costs from our customers and lower costs to lease certain equipment from others.

 

We recorded a non-cash impairment charge of approximately $600,000 against our seismic equipment lease pool in fiscal 2006 attributable to land systems, cables, geophones, land peripherals, marine and other equipment.

 

Seamap

 

Revenues and cost of sales for our Seamap segment are as follows:

 

 

We acquired Seamap in July 2005; accordingly, our fiscal 2006 results do not include results related to Seamap for the full period. Aside from this effect, sales of Seamap equipment have increased significantly due primarily to

sales of our GunLink and BuoyLink products, as well as ancillary products such as umbilicals and handling systems. In addition, fiscal 2007 and 2008 results were impacted by certain timing issues as discussed more fully below.

 

In September 2006, we were notified by a customer of certain mechanical failures relating to a specific version of our GunLink 4000 product that was introduced by our Seamap segment earlier that year. The GunLink product line is utilized on seismic vessels to coordinate and control the energy sources utilized in marine seismic surveys. This version of the GunLink 4000 product is designed to operate with an energy source, an air gun in this case, recently introduced by another manufacturer. In cooperation with our customer, we immediately began to investigate the cause of the failure. The investigation revealed a design flaw in this particular version of the GunLink 4000 product. The design flaw did not affect the functionality of the conventional air gun version of this product, which we confirmed through an evaluation of the conventional version. We have completed changes to correct the design flaw. Certain of these changes were implemented in all versions of the GunLink 4000 product to ensure compatibility in the production process. During this process we incurred significant costs, which we expect to be non-recurring, amounting to approximately $1.7 million in fiscal 2007. These costs include the cost to investigate and redesign the product, costs to support the operations of our customers during the process, including replacement components and on-site support, and replacement and refurbishment of some components of our inventory.

 

As a result of these problems, one GunLink 4000 system that we had expected to ship during the year was delayed and not delivered until March 2007. In addition, the order for an additional GunLink 4000 that had been scheduled for delivery during the year ended January 31, 2008 was converted to an order for a GunLink 2000 system, which was delivered in fiscal 2008. Had these shipments occurred as originally anticipated, revenues for equipment sales would have increased by approximately $2.0 million for the year ended January 31, 2007 and decreased by the same amount in fiscal 2008.

 

The gross profit margin for fiscal 2006 is not comparable to fiscal 2007 or fiscal 2008 due to the significantly lower level of sales and the product mix during that period. The gross profit margin increased in fiscal 2008 to 32% from 27% in fiscal 2007. This increase is impacted by a number of factors. During fiscal 2008 we moved the production of our GunLink products to our Singapore facility from our facility in the U.K. which resulted in generally lower labor and material costs for these products. Additionally, as the production process for the GunLink products has matured we have gained production efficiencies which have contributed to higher gross margins. Furthermore, the gross margin for fiscal 2007 was negatively impacted by the costs related to the design issue discussed above. Offsetting these factors, however, was the impact of sales in fiscal 2008 of various ancillary products such as umbilicals and handling systems which produced a much lower gross margin than our other products.

 

Prior to December 2007 in connection with the sale of each GunLink system we were required to pay a royalty to a party who had developed certain software utilized by those products. In December 2007 we purchased the intellectual property related to that software and, accordingly, are no longer required to pay the royalty. Had we owned this intellectual property during fiscal 2008 and 2007, we estimate that our gross profit for those periods would have been improved by approximately $1.7 million and $964,000, respectively.

 

Operating Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses for fiscal 2008 amounted to approximately $17.4 million, compared to approximately $15.0 million and $9.4 million in fiscal 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in fiscal 2008 from fiscal 2007 was attributable to additional stock-based compensation expense, increased expense related to our incentive compensation program for senior managers and higher costs associated with our generally higher level of operations. A significant portion of the increase from fiscal 2006 to fiscal 2007 was attributable to the operations of Seamap. We acquired Seamap in July 2005 and accordingly, fiscal 2007 was the first year to include a full twelve months of these operations as compared to seven months of operations in fiscal 2006.

 

In fiscal 2008, we recorded stock-based compensation expense of approximately $2.3 million, as compared to approximately $1.6 million in fiscal 2007 and $153,000 in fiscal 2006. Under SFAS 123R, which we adopted effective February 1, 2006, the fair value of stock-based awards, such as stock options and restricted stock, is estimated at the time of the grant. This estimated value is then amortized over the expected vesting period of the

award as compensation expense. Prior to our adoption of SFAS 123(R), compensation expense was only recognized in connection with restricted stock awards. In fiscal 2008 we adopted an incentive compensation program for our senior managers in order to attract and retain key personnel. As our operations have expanded we have incurred higher level of general and administrative costs related to personnel, facilities and travel.

 

During fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, we recorded a provision for doubtful accounts in the amount of $460,000, $251,000 and $188,000, respectively. At January 31, 2008 and 2007, we had trade accounts and note receivables over 90 days past due of approximately $4.9 million and $4.0 million, respectively. In our industry, and in our experience, it is not unusual for accounts to become delinquent from time to time and this is not necessarily indicative of an account becoming uncollectible. As of January 31, 2008 and 2007, our allowance for doubtful accounts and notes receivable amounted to approximately $1.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

 

Depreciation and amortization, other than lease pool depreciation, amounted to approximately $1.5 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to approximately $1.3 million in fiscal 2007 and $648,000 in fiscal 2006. This increase reflects the impact of amortization of intangible assets acquired with Seamap and depreciation of office furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements.

 

Interest and Other Income, net

 

Net interest and other income for fiscal 2008 amounted to approximately $482,000, compared to approximately $902,000 in fiscal 2007 and net interest expense of approximately $439,000 in fiscal 2006. The decrease from fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2008 and the increase from fiscal 2006 to fiscal 2007 reflect higher levels of invested funds in fiscal 2007. In fiscal 2008 we utilized a significant portion of our cash resources to acquire additional lease pool equipment and therefore funds available for temporary investment were lower on average during this period.

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

In fiscal 2008 our provision for income taxes amounted to approximately $5.5 million. This amount included current taxes of $4.0 million, deferred taxes of $1.1 million and estimated penalties and interest of $400,000 related to the potential impact of uncertain tax positions. The current tax provision is made up of approximately $2.9 million in United States taxes and approximately $1.1 million payable to foreign jurisdictions, primarily Australia, Singapore and Russia. Income taxes currently payable in the United States were reduced by approximately $1.9 million due to deductions arising from the exercise of non-qualified stock options. This amount did not reduce our current tax provision but is credited directly to paid-in capital in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R. In accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”) we have estimated the amount of penalties and interest that might accrue during the period should certain uncertain tax positions be resolved not in our favor. This amount is recorded as income tax expense. (See Note 10 — to our consolidated financial statements).

 

Our provision for income taxes for fiscal 2007 consisted of a current provision of approximately $690,000 and a deferred benefit of approximately $2.5 million. Income taxes currently payable in the United States were reduced by approximately $390,000 due to deductions arising from the exercise of non-qualified stock options. This amount did not reduce our current tax provision but is credited directly to paid-in capital in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R. The deferred tax benefit arose from the recognition of deferred tax assets, for which we had partially provided a valuation allowance in prior periods. The deferred tax assets consist primarily of net operating losses carry forwards from prior periods and book/tax differences related to fixed assets. In prior periods we had not fully recognized these deferred tax assets as their realization was not assured beyond a reasonable doubt. However, given our profitable operations in fiscal 2007 and 2006 and our expectation of profitable operations in future periods, we relieved the remaining valuation allowance and recognized the remaining deferred tax assets in the year ended January 31, 2007.

 

In fiscal 2006 we had a current tax provision of approximately $36,000 and a deferred income tax benefit of $3.0 million as a result of a reduction of our valuation allowance by that same amount. At January 31, 2007, we evaluated potential realization of our deferred tax assets and as a result reduced the valuation allowance.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Our principal source of liquidity and capital over the past three fiscal years has been cash flows provided by operating activities. The principal factor that has affected our cash flows is a marked increase in oil and gas exploration and development activities. Increases in the price of oil and natural gas have improved market conditions and have increased demand for our equipment.

 

As of January 31, 2008, we had working capital of approximately $14.0 million and cash and cash equivalents of approximately $13.9 million as compared to working capital of approximately $13.7 million and cash and temporary investments of approximately $12.6 million at January 31, 2007. Our working capital was essentially unchanged at January 31, 2008 from the January 31, 2007 as the majority of the working capital generated by our operations was invested in additional lease pool equipment.

 

Cash flows provided by operating activities amounted to approximately $31.0 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to approximately $3.6 million in fiscal 2007 and $11.2 million in fiscal 2006. For fiscal 2008 the primary sources of cash provided by operating activities were net income of $11.4 million and non-cash charges, including depreciation and amortization totaling approximately $11.9 million, deferred tax expense of approximately $1.1 million and stock-based compensation of approximately $2.3 million. These amounts were offset by the gross profit from the sale of lease pool equipment of approximately $2.5 million. The net change in other current assets and liabilities increased net cash provided by operating activities for fiscal 2008 by approximately $7.5 million. Included within this net change were several significant items. Increases in trade accounts and contracts receivable resulted in a decrease of approximately $4.5 million. These changes were due to increased revenues and the resulting increase in trade accounts receivable and sales of new seismic equipment during the year with expanded payment terms (see “Results of Operations” above). The improvement in cash flows from operating activities during fiscal 2008 were driven by an increase of approximately $7.6 million in accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other current liabilities and by an increase of approximately $2.9 million in income taxes payable. Income taxes payable increased because during fiscal 2008 we utilized our remaining net operating loss carryovers in the United States and became a current taxpayer in that jurisdiction. The change in accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other current liabilities related primarily to the effect of lease pool equipment purchases.

 

In fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 we acquired approximately $26.0 million, $25.5 million and $8.2 million, respectively of new lease pool equipment; however, the cash expenditures for these purchases did not all occur within those respective periods. As of January 31, 2008 included in accounts payable was approximately $8.6 million related to lease pool purchases. These amounts were settled in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. As of January 31, 2007 the amount in accounts payable related to lease pool purchases was approximately $12.6 million. Accordingly, our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 indicated purchases of equipment held for lease of approximately $30.0 million, $12.9 million and $8.2 million, respectively. During fiscal 2008 we added significant amounts of new land seismic equipment, including approximately 20,000 new land recording channels. Other equipment added to our lease pool during this period included marine compressors, gun controllers manufactured by our Seamap segment, marine streamer sections, as well as an assortment of other land and marine equipment. Our purchases of lease pool equipment are generally made in response to specific customer demand. Accordingly, we cannot accurately predict future levels of lease pool purchases. Based on current conditions within our industry, we expect to continue to make significant investments in new lease pool equipment. However, we can not predict if future purchases, including those made in fiscal 2009, will be of a similar magnitude to the purchases made in fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007, or if purchases in fiscal 2009 will exceed those levels.

 

Cash flows from investing activities for each of the three years ended January 31, 2008 reflect proceeds of approximately $3.5 million, $4.3 million and $5.2 million, respectively, from the sale of used lease pool equipment. We generally do not seek to sell our lease pool equipment; however, from time to time we will do so in response to particular customer demand. In determining whether or not to sell lease pool equipment we weigh expected future leasing revenues from that equipment versus the potential proceeds that may be received upon the sale of the equipment.

 

In fiscal 2008, we paid the former shareholders of Seamap $1.0 million in settlement of the final earn-out payment due in connection with the acquisition of Seamap in fiscal 2006. We made an identical earn-out payment in fiscal 2007. Also, in fiscal 2008, we paid approximately $2.8 million to purchase an entity that owned the

intellectual property related to software utilized on one of Seamap’s primary products, GunLink. In addition to the intellectual property, this entity held an account receivable from Seamap in the amount of approximately $2.1 million arising from royalties from the use of that intellectual property. Accordingly, our expenditure related to the acquisition of Seamap and related activities amounted to approximately $3.8 million in fiscal 2008, $1.0 million in fiscal 2007 and $2.5 million in fiscal 2006. The amount expended in fiscal 2006 represents the cash portion of the purchase price for Seamap, net of cash acquired.

 

Financing activities include the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options. These transactions resulted in cash infusions of $356,000, $861,000 and $1.6 million in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In fiscal 2006 we utilized $918,000 in cash for the repayment of borrowings.

 

On February 1, 2007, we extended our $12.5 million revolving loan agreement with First Victoria National Bank (the “Bank”) which we originally entered into on June 27, 2005. The agreement amended the arrangement to provide for a maturity date of February 1, 2009. All other terms of the agreement remain unchanged. The facility bears interest at the prime rate. Amounts available under the facility are subject to a borrowing base comprising eligible accounts receivable and eligible lease pool equipment. We believe that the full amount of the facility is available for borrowing based on these criteria. Interest on any outstanding principle balance is payable monthly, while the principal is due at the end of the two-year term. The revolving loan agreement also contains certain financial covenants that require, among other things, that we maintain a debt to shareholders’ equity ratio of a maximum of 1.3 to 1.0, maintain a current assets to current liabilities ratio of a minimum of 1.25 to 1.0, and not incur or maintain any indebtedness or obligations or guarantee the debts or obligations of others in a total aggregate amount which exceeds $1.0 million without the prior written approval of the Bank, except for indebtedness incurred as a result of the Seamap acquisition and other specific exceptions. During the first quarter of fiscal 2008, we borrowed and subsequently repaid $4.5 million pursuant to this revolving credit facility. We used the proceeds to partially fund the purchase of lease pool equipment. In February 2008 we borrowed $3.0 million, also to partially fund the purchase of lease pool equipment. As of April 7, 2008, there is $4.0 million outstanding under the facility. We intend to utilize this facility from time to time to fund short term working capital needs, such as the purchase of lease pool equipment.

 

In connection with the July 2005 Seamap acquisition, we issued $3.0 million in promissory notes payable to the former shareholders of Seamap. The notes bear interest at 5% annually with interest payable annually at each anniversary date of the notes. Principal is payable in two equal installments on the second and third year anniversary of the notes. In July 2007 we made a $1.5 million principal payment on these notes. The final $1.5 million installment is due in July 2008.

 

We believe that our liquidity needs will be met from cash on hand, cash provided by operating activities and from proceeds of our existing working capital facility. Our current revolving credit facility matures on February 1, 2009. We expect to extend this facility or to replace it with a similar facility prior to its maturity. However, should our liquidity or capital needs increase because of significant additional purchases of lease pool equipment or the acquisition of another business; we may seek other sources of capital. These other sources could include the issuance of equity securities, the issuance of debt securities, other long-term debt arrangements, an expanded revolving credit facility, or a combination of these various sources.

 

As of January 31, 2008, we had deposits in foreign banks equal to approximately $7.7 million. These funds may generally be transferred to our accounts in the United States without restriction. However, the transfer of these funds may result in withholding taxes payable to foreign taxing authorities. Any such transfer taxes generally may be credited against our federal income tax obligations in the United States. Additionally, the transfer of funds from our foreign subsidiaries to the United States may result in currently taxable income in the United States.

The following table sets forth estimates of future payments of our consolidated contractual obligations as of January 31, 2008 (in thousands):

 

 

At January 31, 2008 we had unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $5.0 million related to uncertain tax positions, including approximately $3.4 million of non-current income taxes payable. We are not able to reasonably estimate when, if ever, these obligations will be paid.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions in determining the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Significant estimates made by us in the accompanying consolidated financial statements relate to the allowances for uncollectible accounts receivable and inventory obsolescence; the useful lives of our lease pool assets and amortizable intangible assets and the impairment assessments of our lease pool and various intangible assets. Other areas where we have made significant estimates include the valuation of stock options and the assessment of the need for a valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets and the assessment of uncertain tax positions.

 

Critical accounting policies are those that are most important to the portrayal of a company’s financial position and results of operations and require management’s subjective judgment. Below is a brief discussion of our critical accounting policies.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

We make provisions to the allowance for doubtful accounts periodically, as conditions warrant, based on whether such receivables are estimated to be collectible.

 

Long-Lived Assets

 

We carry our lease pool of equipment and other property and equipment at cost, net of accumulated depreciation, and compute depreciation on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the property and equipment, which range from two to 10 years. Cables are depreciated over two years, geophones over three years, channel boxes over five to seven years and earth vibrators and other heavy equipment are depreciated over a 10-year period. Buildings are depreciated over 40 years, property improvements are amortized over 10 years and

leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of useful life and the life of the lease. Intangible assets are amortized from three to 15 years.

 

The estimated useful lives for rental equipment are based on our experience as to the economic useful life of its products. We review and consider industry trends in determining the appropriate useful life for our lease pool equipment, including technological obsolescence, market demand and actual historical useful service life of our lease pool equipment. Additionally, to the extent information is available publicly, we compare our depreciation policies to those of other companies in our industry for reasonableness. When we purchase new equipment for our lease pool, we begin to depreciate it upon its first use and depreciation continues each month until the equipment is fully depreciated, whether or not the equipment is actually in use during that entire time period.

 

Our policy regarding the removal of assets that are fully depreciated from our books is the following: if an asset is fully depreciated and is still expected to generate revenue, then the asset will remain on our books. However, if a fully depreciated asset is not expected to have any revenue generating capacity, then it is removed from our books.

 

In accordance with SFAS 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, we perform a review of our lease pool assets for potential impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable. We typically review all major categories of assets (not each individual asset) in our consolidated lease pool with remaining net book value to ascertain whether or not we believe that a particular asset group will generate sufficient cash flow over their remaining life to recover the remaining carrying value of those assets. Assets that we believe will not generate cash flow sufficient to cover the remaining net book value are subject to impairment. We make our assessments based on customer demand, current market trends and market value of our equipment to determine if it will be able to recover its remaining net book value from future leasing or sales. During fiscal 2008 and 2007 we recorded no impairment charge related to the valuation of our seismic equipment lease pool, while during fiscal 2006 we recorded an impairment charge of approximately $600,000.

 

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

 

We carry our amortizable intangible assets at cost, net of accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed on a straight-line method over the estimated life of the asset. Currently, proprietary rights are amortized over a 12.5 to 15-year period, while covenants-not-to-compete are amortized over a three-year period. The basis for the proprietary right lives are generally based upon the results of valuation reports commissioned from third parties. Covenants-not-to-compete are amortized over the term of the contract. Goodwill is not subject to systematic amortization, but rather is tested for impairment annually.

 

Under SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, we perform an impairment test on goodwill and other intangibles on an annual basis and at any time circumstances indicate that an impairment may have occurred. Impairment testing compares the carrying amount of the goodwill and other intangible assets with their fair value. Fair value is estimated based upon discounted cash flows. When the carrying value of the goodwill and other intangible assets exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recorded. The estimation of discounted future cash flows requires us to exercise judgment and make significant estimates.

 

Income Taxes

 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between income and expenses reported for financial reporting and tax reporting. We have assessed, using all available positive and negative evidence, the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income.

 

Under SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, an enterprise must use judgment in considering the relative impact of negative and positive evidence. The weight given to the potential effect of negative and positive evidence should be commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified. The more negative evidence that exists (i) the more positive evidence is necessary and (ii) the more difficult it is to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed for some portion, or all, of the deferred tax asset. Among the more significant types of evidence that we consider are:

 

In determining the valuation allowance, we consider the following positive indicators:

 

 

We also considered the following negative indicators:

 

 

Based on our evaluation of the evidence, as of January 31, 2008 we have not provided a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.

 

In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS 109 and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.

 

The evaluation of a tax position in accordance with FIN 48 is a two-step process. The first step is recognition: The enterprise determines whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the enterprise should presume that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that would have full knowledge of all relevant information. The second step is measurement: A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Differences between tax positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the financial statements will generally result in (1) an increase in a liability for income taxes payable or (2) a reduction of an income tax refund receivable or a reduction in a deferred tax asset or an increase in a deferred tax liability or both (1) and (2). The evaluation of tax positions and the measurement of the related benefit require significant judgment on the part of management.

 

We adopted FIN 48 effective February 1, 2007. As a result of the adoption we recorded a reduction in our deferred tax assets in the amount of approximately $3.4 million, recognized a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $1.2 million and decreased the February 1, 2007 balance in retained earnings by approximately $4.6 million. (See Note 10 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.)

Stock-Based Compensation

 

Effective February 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123R, using the modified prospective transition method. Under this method, stock-based compensation expense recognized for share-based awards during the fiscal year ended January 31, 2007 includes: (i) compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of, February 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS 123”), and (ii) compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted subsequent to February 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R.

 

Determining the grant date fair value under both SFAS 123R and SFAS 123 requires management to make estimates regarding the variables used in the calculation of the grant date fair value. Those variables are the future volatility of our common stock price, the length of time an optionee will hold their options until exercising them (the “expected term”), and the number of options or shares that will be forfeited before they are exercised (the “forfeiture rate”). We utilize various mathematical models in calculating the variables. Share-based compensation expense could be different if we used different models to calculate the variables.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”), to define fair value, establish a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS 157 requires quantitative disclosures using a tabular format in all periods (interim and annual) and qualitative disclosures about the valuation techniques used to measure fair value in all annual periods. SFAS 157 will be effective for our fiscal year beginning February 1, 2008. We are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 expands opportunities to use fair value measurements in financial reporting and permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS 159 will be effective for us on February 1, 2008. We are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In December 2007, the FASB revised SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations (“SFAS 141R”), which is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early application is not permitted before that date. SFAS 141R requires assets and liabilities recorded in a business combination to be recorded at fair value and replaces the cost-allocation process under the prior standard. In addition, SFAS 141R requires separate recognition of acquisition costs and requires recognition of contractual contingencies at fair value as of the acquisition date. Further, the revised standard requires capitalization of research and development assets and requires fair value recognition of contingent consideration as of the acquisition date. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 159 will have on our consolidated financial statements, which will be effective for our fiscal year beginning February 1, 2009.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 160, Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, An Amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51 (“SFAS 160”), which is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early application is not permitted before that date. SFAS 160 changes the terminology of minority interests, which will now be known as non-controlling interest and requires that non-controlling interests be clearly identified within stockholders’ equity as a separate component from the parent company’s equity and net income or loss attributable to non-controlling interests be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of operations. In addition, the standard requires adequate disclosure between interests of the parent company and interests of the non-controlling equity holders. We do not expect that this pronouncement will have a significant impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (“SFAS 161”), which

is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after November 15, 2008. Early application is encouraged. SFAS 161 changes the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. The Statement requires that objectives for using derivative instruments be disclosed in terms of underlying risk and accounting designation. In addition, the standard requires tabular disclosure of fair value of derivative instruments and their gains and loss, requires disclosure regarding credit risk related contingent features of the Company’s derivative instruments and requires cross referencing within the footnote disclosures regarding information about derivative instruments. We do not expect that this pronouncement will have a significant impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

 

Market Risk

 

We are exposed to market risk, which is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market prices and rates. We have not entered, or intend to enter, into derivative financial instruments for hedging or speculative purposes.

 

Foreign Currency Risk

 

We operate in a number of foreign locations which gives rise to risk from changes in foreign exchange rates. To the extent possible, we attempt to denominate our transactions in foreign locations in U.S. dollars. For those cases in which transactions are not denominated in U.S. dollars, we are exposed to risk from changes in exchange rates to the extent that non-U.S. dollar revenues exceed non-U.S. dollar expenses related to those operations. Our non-U.S. dollar transactions are denominated primarily in British pounds sterling, Russian rubles, Canadian dollars, Australian dollars and Singapore dollars. As a result of these transactions, we generally hold cash balances that are denominated in these foreign currencies. At January 31, 2008, our consolidated cash and cash equivalents included foreign currency denominated amounts equivalent to approximately $4.5 million in U.S. dollars. A 10% increase in the U.S. dollar as compared to each of these currencies would result in a loss of approximately $450,000 in the U.S. dollar value of these deposits, while a 10% decrease would result in an equal amount of gain. We do not currently hold or issue foreign exchange contracts or other derivative instruments to hedge these exposures.

 

Some of our foreign operations are conducted through wholly owned foreign subsidiaries that have functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We currently have subsidiaries whose functional currencies are the Canadian dollar, British pound sterling, Russian ruble, Australian dollar and the Singapore dollar. Assets and liabilities from these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect at each balance sheet date. The resulting translation gains or losses are reflected as Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in the Shareholders’ Equity section of our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Approximately 70% of our net assets were impacted by changes in foreign currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. During the year ended January 31, 2008, the U.S. dollar generally declined in value versus the above currencies. As a result of this decline, we have recognized an increase of approximately $4.9 million in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, primarily related to changes in the relative exchange rate of the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar, British pound sterling and the Australian dollar.

 

 

The information required by this item appears beginning on page F-1 and is incorporated by reference.

 

 

None.

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our current disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of January 31, 2008 at the reasonable assurance level.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

As required by Rule 13a-15(c) under the Exchange Act, our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2008. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment, our management concluded that, as of January 31, 2008, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.

 

Hein & Associates LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm who audited our consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K, has issued a report on our internal control over financial reporting, which is included herein.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There was no change in our system of internal control over financial reporting during our fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

None.

 

 

Pursuant to General Instruction G to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

 

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which covers a wide range of business practices and procedures. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics represents the code of ethics applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and principal accounting officer or controller and persons performing similar functions (“senior financial officers”). A copy of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on our website, http://www.mitchamindustries.com, and a copy will be mailed without charge, upon written request, to Mitcham Industries, Inc., P.O. Box 1175, Huntsville, Texas, 77342-1175, Attention: Robert P. Capps. We intend to disclose any amendments to or waivers of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics on behalf of our senior financial

officers on our website, at http://www.mitchamindustries.com promptly following the date of the amendment or waiver.

 

 

Pursuant to General Instruction G to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

 

 

Pursuant to General Instruction G to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

 

 

Pursuant to General Instruction G to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

 

 

Pursuant to General Instruction G to Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference into this item the information to be disclosed in our definitive proxy statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

 

 

 

(1)  Financial Statements

 

The financial statements filed as part of this Annual Report are listed in “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” on page F-l

 

(2)  Financial Statement Schedules

 

Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

 

(3)  Exhibits

 

The exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed in subparagraph (b) below.

 

The exhibits marked with the cross symbol (†) are filed with this Form 10-K. The exhibits marked with the asterisk symbol (*) are management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements filed pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iii) of Regulation S-K.

 

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on the 14th day of April 2008.

 

MITCHAM INDUSTRIES, INC.

 

Billy F. Mitcham, Jr.,

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

To the Board of Directors

Mitcham Industries, Inc.

Huntsville, Texas

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Mitcham Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) as of January 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 31, 2008. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Mitcham Industries, Inc. at January 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 31, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Mitcham Industries, Inc. internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated April 15, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, during the year ended January 31, 2007 and Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, during the year ended January 31, 2008.

 

Hein & Associates LLP

 

Houston, Texas

April 14, 2008

Report Of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Controls

 

To the Board of Directors

Mitcham Industries, Inc.

Huntsville, Texas

 

We have audited Mitcham Industries, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

 

We also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Mitcham Industries, Inc. as of January 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 31, 2008 and our report dated April 15, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

 

Hein & Associates LLP

 

Houston, Texas

April 14, 2008

MITCHAM INDUSTRIES, INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MITCHAM INDUSTRIES, INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MITCHAM INDUSTRIES, INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY