UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(MARK ONE)

x   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2009

OR

o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 1-11906
 
 
MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)

New Jersey
 
22-2378738
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION)
 
(I.R.S. EMPLOYER
IDENTIFICATION NO. )
 
1000 LUCAS WAY, HAMPTON, VA 23666
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
 
(757) 766-1500
(REGISTRANT’S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE)
 
SECURITIES REGISTERED UNDER SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
 
TITLE OF EACH CLASS:
 
NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE ON WHICH REGISTERED:
COMMON STOCK, NO PAR VALUE
 
NASDAQ

SECURITIES REGISTERED UNDER SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: NONE

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o    No x .
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes  o    No x .
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x    No  o .
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨    No ¨.

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer o 
Smaller reporting company o 
  
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Yes  o    No  x ..
 
At September 30, 2008, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was approximately $177,480,323 (based on the closing price of the registrant’s common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market on such date).

At May 29, 2009, the number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock was 14,485,937.
 
Documents Incorporated by Reference:
 
The information required to be furnished pursuant to Part III of this Form 10-K is set forth in, and is hereby incorporated by reference herein from, the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the 2009 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on or about September 15, 2009 to be filed by the registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. With the exceptions of the sections of the 2009 Proxy Statement specifically incorporated herein by reference, the 2009 Proxy Statement is not deemed to be filed as part of this Form 10-K.
 
 


 
MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC.
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MARCH 31, 2009

PART I
 
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
4
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
12
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
18
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
18
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
19
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
19
   
PART II
 
                ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
19
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
20
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
21
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
40
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
41
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
41
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
41
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
43
   
PART III
 
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERANCE
43
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
43
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
44
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
44
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
44
   
PART IV
 
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
44

 
2

 

INFORMATION RELATING TO FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Certain information included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report, in press releases, written statements or other documents filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), or in our communications and discussions through webcasts, phone calls, conference calls and other presentations and meetings, may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws. All statements other than statements of historical fact are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including statements regarding: projections of revenue, margins, expenses, tax provisions (or reversals of tax provisions), earnings or losses from operations, cash flows, synergies or other financial items; plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations, including statements relating to potential acquisitions, executive compensation and purchase commitments; developments, performance or industry or market rankings relating to products or services; future economic conditions or performance; future compliance with debt covenants; the outcome of outstanding claims or legal proceedings; assumptions underlying any of the foregoing; and any other statements that address activities, events or developments that Measurement Specialties, Inc. (“MEAS”, the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our”) intends, expects, projects, believes or anticipates will or may occur in the future. Forward-looking statements may be characterized by terminology such as “forecast,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “should,” “would,” “intend,” “plan,” “will,” “expects,” “estimates,” “projects,” “positioned,” “strategy,” and similar expressions. These statements are based on assumptions and assessments made by our management in light of their experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors they believe to be appropriate.
 
Any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Actual results, developments and business decisions may differ materially from those envisaged by such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of the report, press release, statement, document, webcast or oral discussion in which they are made. Factors that might cause actual results to differ materially from the expected results described in or underlying our forward-looking statements include:
 
·
Conditions in the general economy, including risks associated with the current financial crisis and worldwide economic conditions and reduced demand for products that incorporate our products;

·
Conditions in the credit markets, including our ability to raise additional funds or refinance our existing credit facility;
 
·
Competitive factors, such as price pressures and the potential emergence of rival technologies;
 
·
Interruptions of suppliers’ operations or the refusal of our suppliers to provide us with component materials, particularly in light of the current economic conditions and potential for suppliers to fail;
 
·
Timely development, market acceptance and warranty performance of new products;
 
·
Changes in product mix, costs and yields;

·
Uncertainties related to doing business in Europe and China;

·
Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange and interest rates;

·
Legislative initiatives, including tax legislation and other changes in the Company’s tax position;
 
·
Legal proceedings;

·
Compliance with export control laws and regulations;

·
Compliance with debt covenants, including events beyond our control;

·
Adverse developments in the automotive industry and other markets served by us; and
 
·
The risk factors listed from time to time in the reports we file with the SEC, including those described below under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
This list is not exhaustive. All forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on our behalf are qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained in this report in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”  Except as required under federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC, we do not intend to update publicly any forward-looking statements after the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, whether as a result of new information, future events, changes in assumptions or otherwise.

 
3

 

PART I
 
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
 
INTRODUCTION
 
NOTES:
 
(1) OUR FISCAL YEAR BEGINS ON APRIL 1 AND ENDS ON MARCH 31. ALL REFERENCES TO FISCAL YEARS REFER TO THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING MARCH 31 OF THE REFERENCE YEAR, THUS, REFERENCES IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K TO THE YEAR 2008 OR FISCAL YEAR 2008 REFER TO THE 12-MONTH PERIOD FROM APRIL 1, 2007 THROUGH MARCH 31, 2008 AND REFERENCES TO THE YEAR 2009 OR FISCAL YEAR 2009 REFER TO THE 12-MONTH PERIOD FROM APRIL 1, 2008 THROUGH MARCH 31, 2009.
 
(2) ALL DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THIS REPORT ARE IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS.

Measurement Specialties, Inc. is a leader in the design, development and manufacture of sensors and sensor-based systems for original equipment manufacturers and end users, based on a broad portfolio of proprietary technology. The Company is a multi-national corporation with twelve primary manufacturing facilities strategically located in the United States, China, France, Ireland, Germany and Switzerland, enabling the Company to produce and market world-wide a broad range of sensors that use advanced technologies to measure precise ranges of physical characteristics. These sensors are used for automotive, medical, consumer, military/aerospace, and industrial applications. The Company’s sensor products include pressure sensors and transducers, linear/rotary position sensors, piezoelectric polymer film sensors, custom microstructures, load cells, accelerometers, optical sensors, humidity and temperature sensors. The Company's advanced technologies include piezo-resistive silicon sensors, application-specific integrated circuits, micro-electromechanical systems (“MEMS”), piezoelectric polymers, foil strain gauges, force balance systems, fluid capacitive devices, linear and rotational variable differential transformers, electromagnetic displacement sensors, hygroscopic capacitive sensors, ultrasonic sensors, optical sensors, negative thermal coefficient (“NTC”) ceramic sensors and mechanical resonators.

With engineering, sourcing and manufacturing facilities located in North America, Europe and Asia, the Company has been able to, among other things, enhance its applications engineering capabilities, increase the Company’s geographic proximity to its customers, drive initiatives for global sourcing of materials and seek the lowest cost of manufacturing.

As more fully described below under “Changes in our Business,” we discontinued the remainder of our Consumer products business during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006. Except as otherwise noted, the descriptions of our business, and results and operations contained in this report reflect only our continuing operations.

RECENT ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
 
The Company has consummated fourteen acquisitions since June 2004 with a total purchase price exceeding $167,000. We believe our acquisitions continue to enhance the Company’s long-term shareholder value by increasing growth in sales and profitability through the addition of new technologies, establishing new lines of business, and/or expanding our geographic footprint. The following acquisitions are included in the consolidated financial statements as of the effective date of acquisition (See Notes 2 and 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K):
 
Acquired Company
 
Effective Date of Acquisition
 
Country
Elekon Industries U.S.A., Inc. (‘Elekon’)
 
June 24, 2004
 
U.S.A.
Entran Devices, Inc. and Entran SA (‘Entran’)
 
July 16, 2004
 
U.S.A. and France
Encoder Devices, LLC (‘Encoder’)
 
July 16, 2004
 
U.S.A.
Humirel, SA (‘Humirel’)
 
December 1, 2004
 
France
MWS Sensorik GmbH (‘MWS’)
 
January 1, 2005
 
Germany
Polaron Components Ltd (‘Polaron’)
 
February 1, 2005
 
United Kingdom
HL Planartechnik GmbH (‘HLP’)
 
November 30, 2005
 
Germany
Assistance Technique Experimentale (‘ATEX’)
 
January 19, 2006
 
France
YSIS Incorporated (‘YSI Temperature’)
 
April 1, 2006
 
U.S.A. and Japan
BetaTherm Group Ltd. (‘BetaTherm’)
 
April 1, 2006
 
Ireland and U.S.A.
Visyx Technologies, Inc. (‘Visyx’)
 
November 20, 2007
 
U.S.A.
Intersema Microsystems SA (‘Intersema’)
 
December 28, 2007
 
Switzerland
R.I.T. SARL (“Atexis”)
 
January 30, 2009
 
France and China
FGP Instrumentation, and related companies GS Sensors, and ALS (collectively, “FGP”)
 
January 30, 2009
 
France

 
4

 

The above companies, except for Encoder, Polaron and Visyx, which were asset purchases, became direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company upon consummation of their respective acquisitions.
 
The Atexis and FGP acquisitions occurred during fiscal 2009 (the “2009 Acquisitions”).  Atexis is a designer and manufacturer of temperature sensors and custom probes and expanded our temperature sensor solutions through the use of several expert technologies including NTC, Platinum (Pt) and thermo-couples.  These technologies allow us to offer probes and assemblies spanning the entire temperature spectrum, from -200C to 2000C.  In addition, the Atexis acquisition increased our temperature manufacturing base through wholly-owned subsidiaries in France and China.  FGP was a competitor of custom force, pressure and vibration sensors for aerospace, test and measurement markets.  The FGP acquisition allows MEAS to leverage operational cost synergies and their development efforts of custom force sensors for aerospace customers, capitalizing on the movement from hydraulic to electronically actuated controls (fly-by-wire).

Effective December 1, 2005, we completed the sale of the Consumer segment to Fervent Group Limited (FGL), including its Cayman Island subsidiary, ML Cayman. FGL is a company controlled by the owners of River Display Limited (RDL), our long time partner and primary supplier of consumer products in Shenzhen, China. The Consumer Products segment designed and manufactured sensor-based consumer products, primarily as an original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”), that were sold to retailers and distributors in the United States and Europe. Consumer products included bathroom and kitchen scales, tire pressure gauges and distance estimators.

PRODUCTS, MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS

The majority of our sensors are devices, sense elements and transducers that convert physical or mechanical information into a proportionate electronic signal for display, processing, interpretation or control. Sensors are essential to the accurate measurement, resolution and display of pressure, force, linear or rotary position, tilt, vibration, motion, humidity, temperature or fluid properties such as viscosity, density and dielectric constant.

The sensor market is being influenced by the increase in intelligent products across virtually all end markets, including medical, transportation, energy, industrial, aerospace and consumer applications. As OEMs strive to make products “smarter”, they are generally adding more sensors to link the physical world with digital control and/or response.
 
A summary of our Sensor business product offerings as of March 31, 2009 is presented in the following table.
 
 
Product Family
 
Product
 
Technology
 
Applications
               
 
Pressure
 
Pressure Components, Sensors and Transducers
 
Piezoresistive Micro-Electromechanical Systems
(MEMS)
 
Disposable catheter blood pressure altimeter, dive tank pressure, process instrumentation, fluid level, measurement and intravenous drug administration monitoring, racing engine performance, barometric pressure sensors (altimeters)
               
         
Microfused TM Piezoresistive Silicon Strain Gauge
 
Automotive electronic stability control systems, paint spraying machines, fertilizer dispensers, hydraulics, refrigeration and automotive transmission
               
         
Bonded Foil Strain Gauge
 
Instrumentation-grade aerospace and weapon control systems, sub-sea pressure, ship cargo level, steel mills
               
         
Bonded Silicon Strain Gauge
 
Miniature and subminiature transducers for test and measurement applications in aerospace, auto testing and industry

 
5

 

 
Force
 
Load Cells
 
Microfused Piezoresistive Silicon Strain Gauge
 
Automotive occupancy weight sensing, bathroom scales, exercise equipment, appliance monitoring, intravenous drug administration monitoring
               
 
Position
 
Linear Variable Differential Transformers
 
Inductive Electromagnetic
 
Aerospace, machine control systems, knitting machines, industrial process control, hydraulic actuators, instrumentation
               
     
Rotary Position Transducers
 
Inductive Electromagnetic
 
Machine control systems, instrumentation
               
     
Magneto-Resistive (MR) sensors and Magnetic Encoders
 
Magneto-Resistive (AMR)
 
Automotive systems controls, pump counting and control, school bus stop sign arm position
               
     
Tilt/Angle Sensors
 
Fluid Capacitive or Electrolytic Fluid
 
Heavy equipment level measurement, auto security systems, tire balancing, instrumentation
               
  
Piezo Film
 
Traffic Sensors
 
Piezoelectric Polymer (PVDF)
 
Traffic survey, speed and traffic light enforcement, toll, and truck weigh-in-motion
               
 
   
 
Custom Piezoelectric Film Sensors
 
Piezoelectric Polymer (PVDF)
 
Medical diagnostics, ultrasonic pen digitizers, musical instrument pickups, electronic stethoscope, security systems, anti-tamper sensors for data protection, electronic water meters
               
 
Vibration
 
Accelerometers
 
Micro-Electromechanical Systems instrumentation
 
Crash test sensors, anthropomorphic dummy sensors, road load dynamics, aerospace traffic alert and collision avoidance systems, instrumentation
               
     
Accelerometers
 
Piezoelectric Polymer (PVDF)
 
Cardiac activity sensors, audio speaker feedback, appliance load balancing
               
 
Humidity
 
Relative Humidity Sensors
 
Capacitive Polymer
 
Auto anti-fogging systems, diesel engine controls, air climate systems, reprography machines, respirators
 
 
Fluid Properties
 
 
Fluid Monitoring Sensors
 
 
Quartz Mechanical Resonator (Tuning Fork)
 
 
Heavy truck/off-road engine and transmission fluid monitoring for viscosity, density and dielectric constant
               
 
Temperature 
 
Thermistors & RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detector)
 
Negative Temperature Co-efficient (NTC) Thermistors, Infrared (IR), Nickel RTD
 
Patient monitoring and diagnostics, gas chromatography, HVAC & R, and non-contacting thermometers, microwave and convection oven controls, gas detection
               
 
Photo Optics
 
Pulse Oximetry Sensors (SpO 2 ); X-Ray Detection
 
Photo optic infra-red light absorption
 
Reusable and disposable patient blood oxygen and pulse sensors, security system and CT scanner sensor arrays
 

 
6

 
 
TECHNOLOGY
 
The Company has a broad portfolio of technologies available to solve client sensing needs, some of which are proprietary to the Company. Our sensor technologies include:
 
·
PIEZORESISTIVE TECHNOLOGY. This technology is widely used for the measurement of pressure, load and acceleration, and we believe its use in these applications is expanding significantly, particularly in the form of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). Piezoresistive materials, most often silicon, respond to changes in applied mechanical variables such as stress, strain, or pressure by changing electrical conductivity (resistance). Changes in electrical conductivity can be readily detected in circuits by changes in current with a constant applied voltage, or conversely by changes in voltage with a constant supplied current. Silicon MEMS systems have several advantages over their conventionally manufactured counterparts. By leveraging existing silicon manufacturing technology, micro-electromechanical systems allow for the cost-effective manufacture of small devices with high reliability and superior performance.

 ·
APPLICATION SPECIFIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (“ASICS”). These circuits convert analog electrical signals into digital signals for measurement, computation or transmission. Application specific integrated circuits are well suited for use in both consumer and new sensor products because they can be designed to operate from a relatively small power source, are inexpensive and can improve system accuracy.
 
·
PIEZOELECTRIC POLYMER TECHNOLOGY. Piezoelectric materials (such as polyvinylidene fluoride, “PVDF”) convert mechanical stress or strain into proportionate electrical energy, and conversely, these materials mechanically expand or contract when voltages of opposite polarities are applied. Piezoelectric polymer films are also pyroelectric, converting heat into electrical charge. These polymer films offer unique sensor design and performance opportunities because they are thin, flexible, inert, broadband, and relatively inexpensive. This technology is ideal for applications where the use of rigid sensors would not be possible or cost-effective.
 
·
STRAIN GAUGE TECHNOLOGY. A strain gauge consists of a base substrate material that will change its electrical properties with induced stress or strain (such as bulk silicon). The foil is etched to produce a grid pattern that is sensitive to changes in geometry, usually length, along the sensitive axis producing a change in resistance. The gauge is bonded to a sensing element surface which it will monitor. The gauge operates through a direct conversion of strain to a change in gauge resistance. This technology is useful for the construction of reliable pressure and force sensors. The Company also manufactures a proprietary strain gauge called Microfused™ in which the diaphragm in contact with the media is fused to a silicon sensing element with glass at high temperatures for a hermetic seal appropriate for harsh environments.

·
FORCE BALANCE TECHNOLOGY. A force-balanced accelerometer is a mass referenced device that under the application of tilt or linear acceleration, detects the resulting change in position of the internal mass by a position sensor and an error signal is produced. This error signal is passed to a servo amplifier and a current developed is fed back into a moving coil. This current is proportional to the applied tilt angle or applied linear acceleration and will balance the mass back to its original position. These devices are used in military and industrial applications where high accuracy is required.
 
·
FLUID CAPACITIVE TECHNOLOGY. This technology is also referred to as fluid filled, variable capacitance. The output from the sensing element is two variable capacitance signals per axis. Rotation of the sensor about its sensitive axis produces a linear change in capacitance. This change in capacitance is electronically converted into angular data, and provides the user with a choice of ratio metric, analog, digital, or serial output signals. These signals can be easily interfaced to a number of readout and/or data collection systems.
 
·
LINEAR VARIABLE DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMERS (“LVDT”). An LVDT is an electromechanical sensor that produces an electrical signal proportional to the displacement of a separate movable core. LVDT’s are widely used as measurement and control sensors wherever displacements of a few micro inches to several feet can be measured directly, or where mechanical input, such as force or pressure, can be converted into linear displacement. LVDT’s are capable of extremely accurate and repeatable measurements in severe environments.
 
·
MAGNETO-RESISTIVE (MR) TECHNOLOGY. MR sensors are used to measure small changes in magnetic fields.   A rotation of the magnetization of thin film stripes made of magnetic permalloy (Ni 81 FE 19 ) in x-direction takes place when a magnetic field in y-direction is applied due to   the magneto resistive effect. MR sensors are highly sensitive, stable, repeatable and relatively low cost. MR sensing technology can be packaged as low field sensors (i.e., electronic compass), angle sensors such as magnetic encoders, position sensors, or current sensors (i.e., for battery management).
 
·
ELECTROLYTIC FLUID TECHNOLOGY. To create an inclination sensor, a small chamber is partially filled with an electrolytic liquid. Platinum electrodes are deposited in pairs on the base of the sensor’s cell parallel to the sensitive axis. When an alternating voltage is passed between two electrodes, the electric current will create a dispersed field. By tilting the sensor and thereby reducing the level of the liquid, it is possible to confine this stray field. Because of the constant, specific conductivity of the electrolytes, a variance of resistance is formed in relation to the liquid level. A basic differential principle will yield an angle of inclination from the polarity signs. This technology is durable, highly repeatable and relatively low cost compared with alternate technologies.
 
·
INFRARED SENSING. Measurement Specialties uses thermopiles to measure temperature without contact through infrared (IR) radiation. All objects emit IR radiation, with energy increasing based on increased surface temperatures (Planck’s law). Thermopiles are created by lining up multiple thermocouples in series. If a temperature difference is induced between a hot junction connecting two thermocouples and their open ends (cold junctions), a voltage is created, allowing the thermopile to transduce the IR radiation into a voltage measure (while factoring for ambient temperature). Miniaturization and batch fabrication on micro-machined silicon wafers enable low cost devices, which can also be used for gas detection.

 
7

 

·
VARIABLE CAPACITIVE. Humidity technology is based upon variable capacitive affecting a sensitive polymer layer under changing ambient humidity conditions. This technology is uniquely designed for high volume OEM applications in consumer markets, automotive, home appliance and environmental control.
 
·
PHOTO OPTICS. Photo-Optic sensors use light to measure different parameters such as position, reflectance, color and many others. At present our main application is in non-invasive medical sensing, specifically pulse oximetry, also known as SpO2
 
·
ULTRASONIC TECHNOLOGY. Ultrasonic sensors measure distance by calculating the time delay between transmitting and receiving an acoustic signal that is inaudible to the human ear. This technology allows for the quick, easy, and accurate measurement of distances between two points without physical contact.
 
·
TEMPERATURE. Negative temperature co-efficient (“NTC”) thermistors offer high-end precision temperature sensors by exhibiting a change in electrical resistance in response to a change in ambient temperature conditions.

·
MECHANICAL RESONATOR: A mechanical resonator, or tuning fork, changes frequency response while submersed in a fluid as the properties of the fluid (density, viscosity and dielectric constant) change.

BUSINESS SEGMENTS
 
As a result of the sale of our Consumer Products business segment, the Sensor business segment is our sole reportable segment, under the guidelines established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.
 
During fiscal 2009, the Company realigned its operating structure to facilitate better focus on cross-selling of the differing sensor products and to better address current business conditions. This resulted in the elimination of the three business group structure and creation of one operating segment.   Accordingly, the Company continues to have one single reporting segment.  Management continually assesses the Company’s operating structure, and this structure could be modified further based on future circumstances and business conditions.
 
Geographic information for revenues based on country from which invoiced, and long-lived assets based on country of location, which includes property, plant and equipment, but excludes intangible assets and goodwill, net of related depreciation and amortization follows:
 
   
For the year ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Net Sales:
                 
United States
  $ 93,647     $ 107,734     $ 106,476  
France
    28,110       28,021       21,576  
Germany
    15,375       19,323       15,587  
Ireland
    12,041       12,969       11,002  
Switzerland
    13,070       4,396       -  
China
    41,700       55,940       45,609  
  Total:
  $ 203,943     $ 228,383     $ 200,250  
                         
Long Lived Assets:
                       
United States
  $ 7,754     $ 6,624     $ 5,969  
France
    7,860       6,808       5,194  
Germany
    2,253       2,817       1,865  
Ireland
    3,434       4,263       3,550  
Switzerland
    1,918       2,418       -  
China
    23,656       17,785       10,981  
   Total:
  $ 46,875     $ 40,715     $ 27,559  
 
CUSTOMERS
 
We sell our sensor products throughout the world. We design, manufacture and market sensors for original equipment manufacturer applications and for end users who use them for instrumentation and test applications. Our extensive customer base consists of manufacturers of electronic, automotive, medical, military, industrial, and consumer products. Our largest customer, Sensata, a large automotive sensor supplier, accounted for approximately 14% of our net sales during fiscal 2009, approximately 18% of our net sales during fiscal 2008, and approximately 15% of our net sales during fiscal 2007. At March 31, 2009, the trade receivable with Sensata was approximately $6,021.  No other customer accounted for more than 10% of our net sales during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007.

 
8

 

SALES AND DISTRIBUTION
 
We sell our sensor products through a combination of experienced regional sales managers, distributors and (generally) exclusive relationships with outside sales representatives throughout the world. Our engineering teams work directly with our global customers to tailor our sensors to meet their specific application requirements.
 
We sell our products primarily in North America, Asia and Western Europe. The percentage of our international sales relative to our overall business has grown with recent acquisitions. In addition, we believe the growing Asian market represents a significant opportunity for our business. Sales invoiced from foreign countries accounted for approximately 54%, 53% and 47% of net sales for the fiscal years ended March, 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
SUPPLIERS
 
We procure components and finished products from a variety of suppliers as needed through purchase orders. We actively manage this process to ensure component quality, steady supply and best costing, while managing hazardous materials content for compliance with European Restrictions on Hazardous Substances (“ROHS”) regulations.
 
Our manufacturing operations employ a wide variety of raw materials, including steel, copper, cast iron, electronic components, aluminum, and plastics. We purchase raw materials from a large number of independent sources around the world. No single raw material supplier is material, although some of the components we use require particular specifications where a limited number of suppliers exist that can supply such components, including wafer suppliers. Market forces, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates, can cause significant fluctuations in the costs of steel and petroleum-based products. We have attempted to mitigate the impact of cost increases through supply-chain initiatives or passing a portion of these increases on to customers in the form of price increases. For a further discussion of risks related to the materials and components required for our operations, please refer to “Foreign Operations” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
 
Our research and development efforts are focused on expanding our core technologies, improving our existing products by enhancing functionality, effectiveness, ease of use and reliability, developing new products and designing custom sensors for specific customer applications. To maintain and improve our competitive position, our research, design, and engineering teams work in close association with customers to design custom sensors for specific applications. Research and development costs approximated $10,826 or 5.3% of net sales for fiscal 2009, $9,852 or 4.3% of net sales for fiscal 2008, and $9,235 or 4.6% of net sales for fiscal 2007. We expect to continue to make significant investment in research and development expenditures in order to provide innovative new products to our customers and to maintain and improve our competitive position. Customer funded research and development was $1,451, $1,018, and $786 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
  
COMPETITION
 
The global market for sensors includes many diverse products and technologies, is highly fragmented and is subject to moderate to high pricing pressures, depending on the end markets and level of customization. Most of our competitors are small independent companies or divisions of large corporations such as Danaher, General Electric, Schneider-Electric and Honeywell. The principal elements of competition in the sensor market are technology and production capability, price, quality, service, and the ability to design unique applications to meet specific customer needs.
 
Although we believe that we compete favorably, new product introductions by our competitors could cause a decline in sales or loss of market acceptance for our existing products. If competitors introduce more technologically advanced products, the demand for our products would likely be reduced.
 
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 
 
We rely in part on patents to protect our intellectual property. We own 55 United States utility and design patents and 74 foreign patents to protect our rights in certain applications of our core technology. We have 46 patent applications pending. These patent applications may never result in issued patents. Even if these applications result in patents being issued, taken together with our existing patents, they may not be sufficiently broad to protect our proprietary rights, or they may prove unenforceable. We have not obtained patents for all of our innovations, nor do we plan to do so.

 
9

 

We also rely on a combination of copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures, and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our proprietary rights. In addition, we seek to protect our proprietary information by using confidentiality agreements with certain employees, sales representatives, consultants, advisors, customers and others. We cannot be certain that these agreements will adequately protect our proprietary rights in the event of any unauthorized use or disclosure, that our employees, sales representatives, consultants, advisors, customers or others will maintain the confidentiality of such proprietary information, or that our competitors will not otherwise learn about or independently develop such proprietary information. Despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property, unauthorized third parties may copy aspects of our products, violate our patents or use our proprietary information. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our intellectual property to the same extent as the laws of the United States. The loss of any material trademark, trade name, trade secret, patent right, or copyright could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
We believe that our products do not infringe on the rights of third parties. However, we cannot be certain that third parties will not assert infringement claims against us in the future or that any such assertion will not result in costly litigation or require us to obtain a license to third party intellectual property. In addition, we cannot be certain that such licenses will be available on reasonable terms or at all, which could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
FOREIGN OPERATIONS
 
Our products are manufactured and marketed worldwide. Our geographic diversity enables us to leverage our cost structure and supply-chain, promote economies of scale, and affords a broader and diverse sales base. We manufacture a large portion of our sensor products in Shenzhen, China. Sensors are also manufactured at our U.S. facilities in Hampton, VA, Dayton, OH and Fremont, CA, as well as our European facilities in Galway, Ireland, Toulouse, France, Les Clayes-sous-Bois, France, Fontenay, France, Dortmund, Germany and Bevaix, Switzerland.  The Company also has a joint venture in Japan.  With the acquisition of Atexis, a range of our temperature sensors are manufactured at our Chengdu, China facility. A large portion of our NTC thermistors, discrete and probe assemblies are manufactured in China by Betacera Inc., a subcontractor with a long-standing contractual relationship with the Company. Many of our products contain key components that are obtained from a limited number of sources. These concentrations in external and foreign sources of supply present risks of interruption for reasons beyond our control, including political and other uncertainties regarding China.
 
A substantial portion of our revenues are priced in United States dollars. Most of our costs and expenses are priced in United States dollars, with the remainder priced in Chinese renminbi, Euros, Swiss francs and Japanese yen. Accordingly, the competitiveness of our products relative to products produced locally (in foreign markets) may be affected by the performance of the United States dollar compared with that of our foreign customers’ currencies. We are exposed to foreign currency transaction and translation losses, which might result from adverse fluctuations in the value of the Euro, Chinese renminbi, Swiss franc, and Japanese yen. The Company’s exposure to the Hong Kong dollar mainly relates to the functional currency for Kenabell Holding Limited, the Company’s primary foreign holding company.  The following table details annual consolidated net sales and the respective amount as a percentage of consolidated net sales invoiced from our facilities within and outside of the U.S. for the previous three years, as well as the U.S. dollar equivalent of net assets for the respective functional currencies:

   
For the years ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Net sales:
                 
U.S. facilities
  $ 93,647     $ 107,734     $ 106,476  
U.S. facilities % of sales
    46 %     47 %     53 %
Non-U.S. facilities
  $ 110,296     $ 120,649     $ 93,774  
Non-U.S. facilities % of sales
    54 %     53 %     47 %
                         
Net assets:
                       
U.S. dollar
  $ 51,640     $ 49,082     $ 40,547  
Chinese renminbi
    22,419       17,306       23,810  
Hong Kong dollar
    61,588       63,827       40,981  
Euro
    18,273       19,562       12,285  
Japanese yen
    2,360       3,787       3,014  
Swiss franc
    996       2,225        

The renminbi has appreciated by 2.5%, 9.0%, and 4.0% during 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively, because the Chinese government no longer pegs the renminbi to the U.S. dollar, but established a currency policy letting the renminbi trade in a narrow band against a basket of currencies. The Company has more expenditures in renminbi than sales denominated in renminbi, and as such, when the US dollar weakens relative to the renminbi, our operating profits decrease. Based on our net exposure of renminbi to U.S. dollars for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 and forecast information for fiscal 2010, we estimate a negative operating income impact of approximately $183 for every 1% appreciation in renminbi against the U.S. dollar (assuming no price increases passed to customers, and no associated cost increases or currency hedging). We continue to consider various alternatives to hedge this exposure, and we are attempting to manage this exposure through, among other things, pricing and monitoring balance sheet exposures for payables and receivables, as well as utilizing foreign currency contracts as a hedging strategy.

 
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The Company’s French, Irish and German subsidiaries have more sales in Euros than expenses in Euros and the Company’s Swiss subsidiary has more expenses in Swiss franc than sales, and as such, if the U.S. dollar weakens relative to the Euro and Swiss franc, our operating profits increase in France and Germany but decline in Switzerland. Based on the net exposures of Euros and Swiss francs to the U.S. dollar for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, we estimate a negative operating income impact of $55 in Euros and a positive operating income impact of $1 for every 1% appreciation in the Euro and Swiss franc, respectively, relative to the U.S. dollar (assuming no price increases passed to customers, and no associated cost increases or currency hedging).
 
There can be no assurance that these currencies will remain stable or will fluctuate to our benefit. To manage our exposure to potential foreign currency, transaction and translation risks, we may purchase currency exchange forward contracts, currency options, or other derivative instruments, provided such instruments may be obtained at prices considered suitable. We do have a number of foreign exchange currency contracts in Europe and Asia, as disclosed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

EMPLOYEES
 
As of March 31, 2009, we had 2,184 employees, including 310 in the United States, 542 in the European Union, and 1,332 in Asia. As of March 31, 2009, 1,179 employees were engaged in manufacturing, 581 were engaged in administration, 310 were engaged in engineering and 114 were engaged in sales and marketing.
 
Our employees in the U.S., Europe and Asia are not covered by collective bargaining agreements. We believe our employee relations are good.
 
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
 
We are subject to comprehensive and changing foreign, federal, state, and local environmental requirements, including those governing discharges to the air and water, the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, and the remediation of contamination associated with releases of hazardous substances. We believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with current environmental requirements. Nevertheless, we use hazardous substances in our operations, and as is the case with manufacturers in general, if a release of hazardous substances occurs on or from our properties, we may be held liable, and may be required to pay the cost of remedying the condition. The amount of any resulting liability could be material.
 
We believe we are in compliance in all material respects with the European and UK Restrictions on Hazardous Substances (“RoHS”) environmental directive which became effective July 1, 2006 for "the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.”

Our business and our customers may be subject to requirements under the European Commission’s Proposal for the Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals (“REACH”). REACH imposes obligations on European Union manufacturers and importers of chemicals and other products into the European Union to compile and file comprehensive reports, including testing data, on each chemical substance, and perform chemical safety assessments. Additionally, substances of high concern are subject to an authorization process per application. Authorization may result in restrictions in the use of products by application or even prohibitions on the manufacture or importation of products. REACH came into effect on June 1, 2007. The regulations impose additional burdens on chemical producers, importers, downstream users of chemical substances and preparations, and the entire supply chain. Our manufacturing presence and sales activities in the European Union will require us to incur additional compliance costs.
 
EXPORT/IMPORT COMPLIANCE
 
We are required to comply with various export/import control and economic sanctions laws, including:
 
 
 
The International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) administered by the U.S. Department of State, Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, which, among other things, imposes license requirements on the export from the United States of defense articles and defense services (which are items specifically designed or adapted for a military application and/or listed on the United States Munitions List);

 
•  
 
the Export Administration Regulations administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security, which, among other things, impose licensing requirements on the export or re-export of certain dual-use goods, technology and software (which are items that potentially have both commercial and military applications);

 
 
the regulations administered by the U.S. Department of Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control, which implement economic sanctions imposed against designated countries, governments and persons based on United States foreign policy and national security considerations; and

 
11

 

 
 
the import regulatory activities of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection.
 
Foreign governments have also implemented similar export and import control regulations, which may affect our operations or transactions subject to their jurisdictions. For a discussion of risks related to export/import control and economic sanctions laws, please refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors”.

BACKLOG
 
At March 31, 2009, the dollar amount of backlog orders believed to be firm was approximately $55,865. Backlog from acquisitions completed during fiscal 2009 that were included as part of the March 31, 2009 backlog disclosure accounts for $6,981 of this backlog. We include in backlog those orders that have been accepted from customers that have not been filled or shipped and are supported with a purchase order. It is expected that the majority of these orders will be shipped during the next 12 months. At March 31, 2008, our backlog of unfilled orders was approximately $70,058. We believe that backlog may not be indicative of actual sales for the current fiscal year or any succeeding period.

WORKING CAPITAL
 
We maintain adequate working capital to support our business requirements. There are no unusual industry practices or requirements relating to working capital items.

SEASONALITY
 
As a whole, there is no material seasonality in our sales. However, general economic conditions have an impact on our business and financial results, and certain end-use markets experience certain seasonality. For example, European sales are often lower in summer months and OEM sales are often stronger immediately preceding and following the introduction of new products.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION
 
We maintain an Internet website at the following address: www.meas-spec.com. The information on or that may be accessed through our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make available on or through our website certain reports and amendments to those reports that we file with or furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These include our annual reports on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and our current reports on Form 8-K. We make this information available on our website free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the information with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
 
Careful consideration should be given to the risks and uncertainties described below, together with the information included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and other documents we file with the SEC. The risks and uncertainties described below are those that we have identified as material, but are not the only risks and uncertainties facing us. Our business is also subject to general risks and uncertainties that affect many other companies, such as overall U.S. and non-U.S. economic and industry conditions, a global economic slowdown, geopolitical events, changes in laws or accounting rules, fluctuations in interest rates, terrorism, international conflicts, major health concerns, natural disasters or other disruptions of expected economic or business conditions. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial also may impair our business, including our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition. An investment in our common stock is speculative in nature and involves a high degree of risk. No investment in our common stock should be made by any person who is not in a position to lose the entire amount of such investment.

In addition to being subject to the risks described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including those risks described below under “Liquidity and Capital Resources,” an investment in our common stock is subject to the risks and uncertainties described below.

OUR OPERATING RESULTS AND FINANCIAL CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN AND MAY CONTINUE TO BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY THE CURRENT FINANCIAL CRISIS AND WORLDWIDE ECONOMIC CONDITIONS.
 
The current financial crisis affecting the banking system and financial markets and the uncertainty in global economic conditions has resulted in a significant tightening of the credit markets, a low level of liquidity in financial markets, decreased consumer confidence, and reduced corporate profits and capital spending. These conditions make it difficult for our customers, our vendors and us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities, and have caused, and may continue to cause, our customers to reduce spending on our products. We cannot predict the timing or duration of the global economic crisis or the timing or strength of a subsequent economic recovery. If the economy or markets in which we operate experience continued weakness at current levels or deteriorate further, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.

 
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CONTINUED FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES IN CERTAIN INDUSTRIES IN WHICH WE OPERATE HAVE HAD AND COULD CONTINUE TO HAVE ADVERSE EFFECTS ON OUR BUSINESS.
 
Our products are sold to several industries, including automobile manufacturers, manufacturers of commercial and residential HVAC systems, as well as to manufacturers in the refrigeration, aerospace, medical, and industrial markets, among others. These are global industries, and they are experiencing various degrees of contraction, growth and consolidation. Customers in these industries are located in every major geographic market. As a result, our customers are affected by changes in global and regional economic conditions, as well as by labor relations issues, regulatory requirements, trade agreements and other factors. This, in turn, affects overall demand and prices for our products sold to these industries. For example, the significant economic decline during fiscal 2009 has resulted in a reduction in automotive production and in the sales of many of the other products manufactured by our customers that use our products, and has had an adverse effect on our results of operations. This negative outlook is expected to continue throughout fiscal 2010. In addition, many of our products are platform-specific—for example, sensors are designed for certain of our HVAC manufacturer customers according to specifications to fit a particular model. Our success may, to a certain degree, be connected with the success or failure of one or more of the manufacturers or industries to which we sell products, either in general or with respect to one or more of the platforms or systems for which our products are designed.

OUR INDEBTEDNESS MAY LIMIT OUR USE OF OUR CASH FLOW AND CHANGES IN THE CREDIT MARKETS MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT THE AVAILABILITY AND COST OF ADDITIONAL DEBT.
 
We have incurred debt to finance most of our acquisitions, and we may also incur additional debt. Our debt level and related debt service obligations and debt covenants could have negative consequences, including:
 
 
 
requiring us to dedicate significant cash flow from operations to the payment of principal and interest on our debt, which would reduce the funds we have available for other purposes;
 
 
 
reducing our flexibility in planning for or reacting to changes in our business and market conditions;

 
 
reducing our ability to make acquisitions; and
 
 
 
exposing us to interest rate risk, since a large portion of our debt obligations are at variable rates.
 
We may incur more debt in the future. If we add new debt, the risks described above could increase. In addition, any further deterioration in the credit markets may adversely impact the availability and cost of future debt.

OUR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE DEBT COVENANTS IN OUR CREDIT AGREEMENT, INCLUDING AS A RESULT OF EVENTS BEYOND OUR CONTROL, COULD RESULT IN AN EVENT OF DEFAULT WHICH COULD MATERIALLY AND ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR OPERATING RESULTS AND OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION.
 
Our credit facility requires us to maintain specified financial ratios, including minimum Adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and certain other adjustments as defined in the credit agreement and amendments to the credit agreement), maximum leverage ratio (debt divided by Adjusted EBITDA) and maximum capital expenditures.  Our credit facility contains other restrictive covenants, including restrictions on the payment of dividends, repurchase of common stock, acquisitions without lender approval and creation of liens.  Sufficiently adverse financial performance could result in default under certain future ratio levels. If there were an event of default under our credit facility that was not cured or waived, the amounts outstanding could become due and payable immediately. Our assets and cash flow may not be sufficient to fully repay borrowings if accelerated upon an event of default and the Company may not be able to refinance our indebtedness.  Any such actions could force us into bankruptcy or liquidation.

IF WE DO NOT DEVELOP AND INTRODUCE NEW PRODUCTS IN A TIMELY MANNER, WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO MEET THE NEEDS OF OUR CUSTOMERS AND OUR NET SALES MAY DECLINE.
 
Our success depends upon our ability to develop and introduce new sensor products and product line extensions. If we are unable to develop or acquire new products in a timely manner, our net sales will suffer. The development of new products involves highly complex processes, and at times we have experienced delays in the introduction of new products. Since many of our sensor products are designed for specific applications, we must frequently develop new products jointly with our customers. We are dependent on the ability of our customers to successfully develop, manufacture and market products that include our sensors. Successful product development and introduction of new products depends on a number of factors, including the following:
 
·
accurate product specification;
   
·
timely completion of design;
   
·
achievement of manufacturing yields;
   
·
timely, quality and cost-effective production; and
   
·
effective marketing.

 
13

 

WE HAVE SUBSTANTIAL NET SALES AND OPERATIONS OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES, INCLUDING SIGNIFICANT OPERATIONS IN CHINA AND EUROPE THAT EXPOSE US TO INTERNATIONAL RISKS.
 
Our international operations represent a substantial portion of our net sales, total assets and net assets. Our foreign operating subsidiaries are in China, Hong Kong, Japan and Europe, and as such, we are exposed to, among other things, foreign currency transaction and translation losses with the Chinese renminbi, Hong Kong dollar, Euro, Japanese yen and Swiss franc. Our foreign subsidiaries’ operations reflect intercompany transfers of costs and expenses, including interest on intercompany trade receivables, at amounts established by us. We manufacture the majority of our sensor products in China. Our China subsidiary is subject to certain government regulations, including currency exchange controls, which limit the subsidiary’s ability to pay cash dividends or lend funds to us. The inability to operate in China or the imposition of significant restrictions, taxes, or tariffs on our operations in China would impair our ability to manufacture products in a cost-effective manner and could reduce our profitability significantly.
 
Risks specific to our international operations include:
 
·
political conflict and instability in the relationships among Hong-Kong, Taiwan, China, the United States and in our target international markets;
 
 
·
political instability and economic turbulence in Asian markets;
   
·
changes in United States and foreign regulatory requirements resulting in burdensome controls, tariffs and import and export restrictions;
   
·
changes in foreign currency exchange rates, which could make our products more expensive as stated in local currency, as compared to competitive products priced in the local currency;
   
·
risks relating to the enforceability of contracts and other rights or collectability of accounts receivable in foreign countries;

·
delays or cancellation of production and delivery of our products due to the logistics of international shipping, which could damage our relationships with our customers;
   
·
a recurrence of the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (“SARS”) or Avian Flu and the associated risks to our operations in China; and
   
·
legislative initiatives, including tax legislation and other changes in the Company’s tax position, including tax policy changes in China, which could affect the profitability of our operations in China. China has enacted higher tax rates. If the Company does not receive special tax status in China, our income tax rates will increase to 25%.
   
COMMODITY PRICES MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION.
 
We are exposed to a variety of market risks, including the effects of changes in commodity prices. We are a buyer of steel, non-ferrous metals and petroleum-based products, as well as other commodities required for the manufacture of products. As a result, changes in commodity prices and our inability to pass such increases on to our customers may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

OUR SUCCESS DEPENDS ON OUR ABILITY TO MAINTAIN AND PROTECT OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND AVOID CLAIMS OF INFRINGEMENT OR MISUSE OF THIRD PARTY INTELECTUAL PROPERTY.
 
We own numerous patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets and licenses to intellectual property owned by others, which in aggregate are important to our operations. The steps that we and our licensors have taken to maintain and protect our intellectual property may not prevent it from being challenged, invalidated or circumvented, particularly in countries where intellectual property rights are not highly developed or protected. Unauthorized use of our intellectual property rights could adversely impact our competitive position and results of operations. In addition, from time to time in the usual course of business, we receive notices from third parties regarding intellectual property infringement or misappropriation. In the event of a successful claim against us, we could lose our rights to needed technology or be required to pay substantial damages or license fees with respect to the infringed rights, any of which could adversely impact our revenues, profitability and cash flows. Even where we successfully defend against claims of infringement or misappropriation, we may incur significant costs which could adversely affect our profitability and cash flows.

 
14

 

WE ARE SUBJECT TO A VARIETY OF LITIGATION IN THE COURSE OF OUR BUSINESS THAT COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION.
 
We are subject to or could be subject to a variety of litigation incidental to our business, including claims for damages arising out of the use of our products, claims relating to intellectual property matters and claims involving employment matters, commercial disputes, environmental matters and acquisition-related matters. Some of these lawsuits could include claims for punitive and consequential as well as compensatory damages. The defense of these lawsuits may divert our management’s attention, we may incur significant expenses in defending these lawsuits, and we may be required to pay damage awards or settlements or become subject to equitable remedies that could adversely affect our financial condition, operations and results of operations. Moreover, any insurance or indemnification rights that we may have may be insufficient or unavailable to protect us against potential loss exposures.

WE MAY INCUR MATERIAL LOSSES AND COSTS AS A RESULT OF PRODUCT LIABILITY AND WARRANTY AND RECALL CLAIMS BROUGHT AGAINST US.
 
We have been and may continue to be exposed to product liability and warranty claims in the event that our products actually or allegedly fail to perform as expected or the use of our products results, or is alleged to result, in bodily injury and/or property damage. Accordingly, we could experience material warranty, recall claims or product liability losses in the future and incur significant costs to defend these claims. In addition, if any of our products are, or are alleged to be, defective, we may be required to participate in a recall of the underlying end product, particularly if the defect or the alleged defect relates to product safety. Depending on the terms under which we supply products, an OEM may hold us responsible for some or all of the repair or replacement costs of these products under warranties, when the product supplied did not perform as represented. Our costs associated with satisfying product liabilities could be material.

OUR BUSINESS IS SUBJECT TO REGULATION, AND FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THOSE REGULATIONS COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, FINANCIAL CONDITION AND REPUTATION.
 
We are subject to extensive regulation by U.S. and non-U.S. governmental entities and other entities at the federal, state and local levels, including the following:
 
 
•  
 
Certain of our operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which they operate. We must also comply with various health and safety regulations in the U.S. and abroad in connection with our operations. We cannot give assurance that we have been or will be at all times in substantial compliance with environmental and health and safety laws.
       
 
 
We are required to comply with various import laws and export control and economic sanctions laws, which may affect our transactions with certain customers, business partners and other persons, including in certain cases dealings with or between our employees and subsidiaries. In certain circumstances, export control and economic sanctions regulations may prohibit the export of certain products, services and technologies, and in other circumstances we may be required to obtain an export license before exporting the controlled item. Compliance with the various import laws that apply to our businesses can restrict our access to, and increase the cost of obtaining, certain products and at times can interrupt our supply of imported inventory.
       
 
 
Exports of technology necessary to develop and manufacture certain of our products are subject to U.S. export control laws, and we may be subject to adverse regulatory consequences, including government oversight of facilities and export transactions, monetary penalties and other sanctions for violations of these laws.  All exports of technology necessary to develop and manufacture our products are subject to U.S. export control laws. In certain instances, these regulations may prohibit us from developing or manufacturing certain of our products for specific end applications outside the United States. In late May 2009, the Company became aware that certain of its piezo products when designed or modified for use with or incorporation into a defense article are subject the International Traffic in Arms Regulations ("ITAR") administered by the United States Department of State.  Certain technical data relating to the design of the products may have been exported to China without authorization from the U.S. Department of State. As required by the ITAR, we are currently investigating the matter thoroughly. In addition, we have taken steps to mitigate the impact of potential violations, and we are in the process of strengthening our export-related controls and procedures. The U.S. Department of State encourages voluntary disclosures and generally affords parties mitigating credit under such circumstances. We nevertheless could be subject to continued investigation and potential regulatory consequences related to these possible violations ranging from a no-action letter, government oversight of facilities and export transactions, monetary penalties, and in extreme cases, debarment from government contracting, denial of export privileges and criminal penalties.

 
 
Certain of our products are medical devices and other products that are subject to regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”), by counterpart agencies of other countries and by regulations governing the management, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous or radioactive materials. Violations of these regulations, efficacy or safety concerns or trends of adverse events with respect to our products can lead to warning letters, declining sales, recalls, seizures, injunctions, administrative detentions, refusals to permit importations, suspension or withdrawal of approvals and pre-market notification rescissions. Our products and operations are also often subject to the rules of industrial standards bodies such as the International Standards Organization (ISO), and failure to comply with these rules can also adversely impact our business.

 
15

 

 
 
We also have agreements relating to the sale of products to government entities and are subject to various statutes and regulations that apply to companies doing business with the government. Our agreements relating to the sale of products to government entities may be subject to termination, reduction or modification in the event of changes in government requirements, reductions in federal spending and other factors. We are also subject to investigation and audit for compliance with the requirements governing government contracts, including requirements related to procurement integrity, export control, employment practices, the accuracy of records and the recording of costs. A failure to comply with these requirements might result in suspension of these contracts and suspension or debarment from government contracting or subcontracting.
 
In addition, failure to comply with any of these laws and regulations could result in civil and criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties, disruptions to our business, limitations on our ability to import and export products and services, and damage to our reputation.

COMPETITION IN THE MARKETS WE SERVE IS INTENSE AND COULD REDUCE OUR NET SALES AND HARM OUR BUSINESS.
 
Highly fragmented markets and high levels of competition characterize our business. Despite recent consolidations, including the acquisition of several smaller competitors of ours by larger competitors like General Electric, Honeywell, Schneider-Electric and Danaher Corporation, the sensor industry remains highly fragmented. Some of our competitors and potential competitors may have a number of significant advantages over us, including:
 
·
greater financial, technical, marketing, and manufacturing resources;
   
·
preferred vendor status with our existing and potential customer base;
   
·
more extensive distribution channels and a broader geographic scope;
   
·
larger customer bases; and
   
·
a faster response time to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements.
 
OUR TRANSFER PRICING PRACTICES MAY BE CHALLENGED, WHICH MAY SUBJECT US TO HIGHER TAXES AND ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR EARNINGS.
 
Transfer pricing refers to the prices that one member of a group of related companies charges to another member of the group for goods, services, or the use of intellectual property. If two or more affiliated companies are located in different countries, the laws or regulations of each country generally will require that transfer prices be the same as those charged by unrelated companies dealing with each other at arm’s length. If one or more of the countries in which our affiliated companies are located believes that transfer prices were manipulated by our affiliate companies in a way that distorts the true taxable income of the companies, the laws of countries where our affiliated companies are located could require us to re-determine transfer prices and thereby reallocate the income of our affiliate companies in order to reflect these transfer prices. Any reallocation of income from one of our companies in a lower tax jurisdiction to an affiliated company in a higher tax jurisdiction would result in a higher overall tax liability to us.

Moreover, if the country from which the income is being reallocated does not agree to the reallocation, the same income could be subject to taxation by both countries.
 
We have adopted transfer-pricing procedures with our subsidiaries to regulate inter-company transfers. Our procedures call for the transfer of goods, services, or intellectual property from one company to a related company at prices that we believe are at arm’s length. We have established these procedures due to the fact that some of our assets, such as intellectual property developed in the United States, are transferred among our affiliated companies. If the United States Internal Revenue Service or the taxing authorities of any other jurisdiction were to successfully require changes to our transfer pricing practices, we could become subject to higher taxes and our earnings would be adversely affected. Any determination of income reallocation or modification of transfer pricing laws can result in an income tax assessment on the portion of income deemed to be derived from the United States or other taxing jurisdiction.
 
PRESSURE BY OUR CUSTOMERS TO REDUCE PRICES MAY CAUSE OUR NET SALES OR PROFIT MARGINS TO DECLINE.
 
Our customers are under pressure to reduce prices of their products. Therefore, we expect to experience pressure from our customers to reduce the prices of our products. We believe that we must reduce our manufacturing costs and obtain larger orders to offset declining average sales prices. If we are unable to offset declining average sales prices, our gross profit margins will decline.

 
16

 

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO CONSUMMATE FUTURE ACQUISITIONS OR SUCCESSFULLY INTEGRATE ACQUISTIONS INTO OUR BUSINESS AND INDEMNIFICATION PROVISIONS IN OUR ACQUISTION AGREEMENTS BY WHICH WE HAVE ACQUIRED COMPANIES MAY NOT FULLY PROTECT US AND MAY RESULT IN UNEXPECTED LIABILITIES.
 
We have made fourteen acquisitions since fiscal 2005. As a part of our business strategy, we may enter into additional business combinations and acquisitions, although acquisitions require lender approval under our credit agreement. Acquisitions are typically accompanied by a number of risks, including the difficulty of integrating the operations and personnel of the acquired companies, the potential disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of management, expenses related to the acquisition and potential unknown liabilities associated with acquired businesses. If we are not successful in completing acquisitions that we may pursue in the future, we may be required to reevaluate our growth strategy, and we may incur substantial expenses and devote significant management time and resources in seeking to complete proposed acquisitions that will not generate benefits for us.
 
In addition, with future acquisitions, we could use substantial portions of our available cash as all or a portion of the purchase price. We could also issue additional securities as consideration for these acquisitions, which could cause significant stockholder dilution. Our prior acquisitions and any future acquisitions may not ultimately help us achieve our strategic goals and may pose other risks to us. Conversely, we may not be able to consummate acquisitions at a similar rate as to the past, which could adversely impact our growth rate. Our ability to grow depends in part upon our ability to identify and successfully acquire and integrate companies and businesses at appropriate prices and realize anticipated cost savings. In addition, changes in accounting or regulatory requirements or any further deterioration in the credit markets could also adversely impact our ability to consummate acquisitions or change the accounting treatment for acquisitions. For example, as a result of the recently issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 141R (Revised 2007), Business Combinations, which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, we will be required to expense certain acquisition-related items that under current accounting are capitalized as part of the purchase price.
 
As a result of our previous acquisitions, we have added several different decentralized operating and accounting systems, resulting in a complex reporting environment. While we strive to quickly integrate all of our acquisitions to one enterprise resource planning (ERP) platform and management reporting/analysis information systems, we expect that we will need to continue to modify our accounting policies, internal controls, procedures and compliance programs to provide consistency across all of our operations, in order to increase efficiency and operating effectiveness and improve corporate visibility into our decentralized operations.

We are entitled to certain indemnification rights under the agreements by which we have acquired companies. If circumstances arise under which we believe we are entitled to indemnification, the indemnifying party may not agree with our assertion as to our rights to indemnification under the circumstances and we may increase our accruals and corresponding costs.
 
OUR REPUTATION AND OUR ABILITY TO DO BUSINESS MAY BE IMPAIRED BY IMPROPER CONDUCT BY ANY OF OUR EMPLOYEES, AGENTS OR BUSINESS PARTNERS.

We cannot provide assurance that our internal controls will always protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees, agents or business partners that would violate U.S. and/or non-U.S. laws, including the laws governing payments to government officials, competition, money laundering and data privacy. Any such improper actions could subject us to civil or criminal investigations in the U.S. and in other jurisdictions, could lead to substantial civil or criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties against us or our subsidiaries, and could damage our reputation.
 
CHANGES IN OUR TAX RATES OR EXPOSURE TO ADDITIONAL INCOME TAX LIABILITES COULD AFFECT OUR PROFITABILITY. IN ADDITION, AUDITS BY TAX AUTHORITIES COULD RESULT IN ADDITIONAL TAX PAYMENTS FOR PRIOR PERIODS.
 
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and in various foreign jurisdictions. Domestic and international tax liabilities are subject to the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate can be affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates (including as a result of business acquisitions and dispositions), changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, accruals related to contingent tax liabilities, the results of audits and examinations of previously filed tax returns and changes in tax laws. Any of these factors may adversely affect our tax rate and decrease our profitability. The amount of income taxes we pay is subject to ongoing audits by U.S. federal, state and local tax authorities and by foreign tax authorities. If these audits result in assessments different from our reserves, our future results may include unfavorable adjustments to our tax liabilities.

 
17

 

IF WE CANNOT OBTAIN SUFFICIENT QUANTITIES OF MATERIALS, COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT FOR OUR MANUFACTURING ACTIVITIES ON A TIMELY BASIS AND AT COMPETITIVE PRICING AND QUALITY, OR IF OUR MANUFACTURING CAPACITY DOES NOT MEET DEMAND, OUR BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL RESULTS WILL SUFFER.
 
We purchase materials, components and equipment from third parties for use in our manufacturing operations. Some of our businesses purchase their requirements of certain of these items from sole or limited source suppliers. If we cannot obtain sufficient quantities of materials, components and equipment at competitive prices and quality and on a timely basis, especially within the current challenging economic environment, we may not be able to produce sufficient quantities of product to satisfy market demand, product shipments may be delayed or our material or manufacturing costs may increase. In addition, because we cannot always immediately adapt our cost structures to changing market conditions, our manufacturing capacity may at times exceed our production requirements or fall short of our production requirements. Any or all of these problems could result in the loss of customers, provide an opportunity for competing products to gain market acceptance and otherwise adversely affect our business and financial results.
 
OUR INABILITY TO HIRE, TRAIN AND RETAIN A SUFFICIENT NUMBER OF SKILLED OFFICERS AND OTHER EMPLOYEES COULD IMPEDE OUR ABILITY TO COMPETE SUCCESSFULLY.
 
If we cannot hire, train and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees, we may not be able to achieve cost savings and other initiatives to profitably grow our business, effectively integrate acquired businesses, or realize anticipated results from those businesses.
 
WE DEPEND ON THIRD PARTIES FOR CERTAIN TRANSPORTATION, WAREHOUSING AND LOGISTIC SERVICES.
 
We rely primarily on third parties for transportation of the products we manufacture. In particular, a significant portion of the goods we manufacture are transported to different countries, requiring sophisticated warehousing, logistics and other resources. If any of the countries from which we transport products were to suffer delays in exporting manufactured goods, or if any of our third party transportation providers were to fail to deliver the goods we manufacture in a timely manner, we may be unable to sell those products at full value, or at all. Similarly, if any of our raw materials could not be delivered to us in a timely manner, we may be unable to manufacture our products in response to customer demand.
 
IF WE SUFFER LOSS TO OUR FACILITIES, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS, OR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DUE TO A CATASTROPHE, OUR OPERATIONS COULD BE SERIOUSLY HARMED.
 
Our facilities, information technology systems and distribution system are subject to catastrophic loss due to fire, flood, terrorism or other natural or man-made disasters. If any of these facilities or systems were to experience a catastrophic loss, it could disrupt our operations, delay production, shipments and revenue and result in large expenses to repair or replace the facility.
 
WE HAVE RECORDED A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF GOODWILL AND OTHER IDENTIFIABLE INTANGIBLE ASSETS, WHICH MAY BECOME IMPAIRED IN THE FUTURE.
 
As of March 31, 2009, we have goodwill of $99,176 and acquired intangible assets of $27,478. Goodwill, which represents the excess of cost over the fair value of the net assets of the businesses acquired, was recorded at fair value on the date of acquisition.  Impairment of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets may result from, among other things, deterioration in our performance, significant negative industry or economic trends, significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period resulting in a significant change in market capitalization relative to net book value, adverse market conditions, adverse changes in laws or regulations, decrease in projected future cash flows, and a variety of other factors. The Company may have in the future an impairment of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets, which could result in material impairment charges causing an adverse impact on our earnings and financial condition.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
 
None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
 
Our corporate headquarters are located in Hampton, Virginia in a leased facility. Worldwide, we have eleven primary manufacturing facilities, and seven additional locations for sales and marketing and research and development activities. Three factories located in China, Ireland and France with an aggregate of approximately 260,000 square feet are owned by us. The remaining sites with an aggregate of approximately 413,000 square feet are leased by us. Of these manufacturing, sales and marketing, research and development, administrative and distribution locations, six are located in the U.S.A., eight in Europe and three in Asia. We consider our facilities suitable and adequate for the purpose for which they are used and we do not anticipate difficulty in renewing existing leases as they expire or in finding other facilities. The Company’s manufacturing facilities taken as a whole, currently operate moderately below full capacity.  Please refer to Note 15 in the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information with regard to our lease commitments.

Our primary sensor manufacturing facilities are ISO 9001 certified, but we also have registration under FDA (Federal Drug Administration) regulations at our Dayton, Ohio facility and a number of facilities are TS 16949 (Technical Standards) registered, as well as AS9100 and ISO 13485.

 
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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. We currently are not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or operating results.
 
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
 
No matter was submitted to a vote of our security holders during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009.

PART II
 
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
 
(A) Market Information
 
Our common stock, no par value, is traded on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol:  MEAS. The following table presents high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported on the NASDAQ for the periods indicated:
 
   
HIGH
   
LOW
 
YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2009
           
Quarter ended June 30, 2008
  $ 20.00     $ 15.53  
Quarter ended September 30, 2008
    19.95       15.88  
Quarter ended December 31, 2008
    17.65       3.78  
Quarter ended March 31, 2009
    7.57       2.30  
                 
YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2008
               
Quarter ended June 30, 2007
  $ 24.31     $ 19.44  
Quarter ended September 30, 2007
    27.94       21.28  
Quarter ended December 31, 2007
    28.77       21.22  
Quarter ended March 31, 2008
    22.83       16.25  
 
(B) Approximate Number of Holders of Common Stock
 
At May 29, 2009, there were approximately 82 shareholders of record of our common stock and approximately 26,500 beneficial shareholders.
 
(C) Dividends
 
We have not declared cash dividends on our common equity. Additionally, the payment of dividends is prohibited under our credit agreement with General Electric Capital Corporation (“GECC” or “GE”). We intend to retain earnings to support our growth strategy and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
 
At present, there are no material restrictions on the ability of our Hong Kong or European subsidiaries to transfer funds to us in the form of cash dividends, loans, advances, or purchases of materials, products or services. Chinese laws and regulations, including currency exchange controls, restrict distribution and repatriation of dividends by our China subsidiary.
 
(D) Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
 
See Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information about our equity compensation plans.

(E) Performance Graph
 
The following graph compares our cumulative total stockholder return since March 31, 2004 with the Russell 2000 Index and SIC Code 3823 peer group index. The graph assumes that the value of the investment in our common stock and each index (including reinvestment of dividends) was $100.00 on March 31, 2004.

 
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3/31/2004
   
3/31/2005
   
3/31/2006
   
3/31/2007
   
3/31/2008
   
3/31/2009
 
                                     
Measurement Specialties, Inc.
  $ 100.00     $ 118.68     $ 134.93     $ 116.41     $ 90.14     $ 21.10  
Russell 2000
  $ 100.00     $ 105.41     $ 132.66     $ 140.50     $ 122.23     $ 70.13  
SIC Code 3823
  $ 100.00     $ 110.19     $ 145.29     $ 153.76     $ 181.34     $ 108.68  

(F) Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities
 
None.
 
(G) Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
 
None.

The repurchase of the Company’s common stock is restricted by our credit agreement with GE not to exceed $1,000 each fiscal year and not to exceed $4,000 cumulatively.
 
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
 
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 
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YEARS ENDED MARCH 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
 
 
(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)
 
Results of operations:
                                       
Net sales
  $ 203,943     $ 228,383     $ 200,250     $ 121,417     $ 92,268  
Income from continuing operations
    5,279       16,442       11,957       10,327       9,780  
Net income
    5,279       16,442       14,234       24,534       14,826  
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations
    22.032       33,235       13,974       11,726       5,470  
Net cash used investing activities from continuing operations
    (26,609 )     (36,164 )     (53,002 )     (14,730 )     (47,372 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities from continuning operations
    7,513       12,688       35,022       (1,605 )     22,100  
                                         
Per common share:
                                       
Income from continuing operations:
                                       
               Basic
  $ 0.36     $ 1.14     $ 0.85     $ 0.75     $ 0.73  
               Diluted
    0.36       1.13       0.83       0.72       0.69  
Net Income:
                                       
               Basic
    0.36       1.14       1.01       1.79       1.11  
               Diluted
    0.36       1.13       0.99       1.71       1.05  
Cash dividends declared
                             
                                         
Financial Position at Year-End:
                                       
Total assets
  $ 284,130     $ 285,615     $ 224,691     $ 151,194     $ 116,819  
Long-term debt, revolver and notes payable
    93,060       86,718       62,424       20,447       23,538  
Shareholders' equity
    157,276       155,789       120,637       95,497       68,016  

The above table includes as of the purchase date the fourteen acquisitions consummated since June 2004 with total purchase price exceeding $167,000 (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion regarding acquisitions). Fiscal 2006 includes $680 income tax expense adjustment of U.S. deferred tax assets due to lower overall tax rate with state apportionment. Fiscal year 2007 includes $1,275 in litigation settlement costs. Fiscal 2009, 2008 and 2007 include non-cash equity based compensation under SFAS No. 123R of $2,942, $3,397 and $2,887, respectively. Fiscal 2008 includes $900 in additional income tax expense associated with tax law changes in Germany and China, and the Company reversed a foreign income tax payable totaling $597. Fiscal 2009 includes $2,881 income tax expense for the valuation allowance related to foreign deferred tax assets and an adjustment to income for $500 to increase inventory balances related to a purchase accounting adjustment for the Intersema acquisition.  Net income for fiscal years 2007, 2006 and 2005 includes income from discontinued operations of $2,277, $14,207 and $5,046, respectively.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to provide the reader of the Company’s financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of Company’s management. To that end, this discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of factors, including without limitation, those factors described under the caption Risk Factors in Part 1, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Furthermore, the following discussion of our results of operations and financial condition should be read together with the other financial information and Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Our fiscal year begins on April 1 and ends on March 31. References in this report to the year 2008 or fiscal 2008 refer to the 12-month period from April 1, 2007 through March 31, 2008 and references in this report to the year 2009 or fiscal 2009 refer to the 12-month period from April 1, 2008 through March 31, 2009.

 
21

 
 
OVERVIEW

Measurement Specialties, Inc. is a global leader in the design, development and manufacture of sensors and sensor-based systems for original equipment manufacturers and end users, based on a broad portfolio of proprietary technology. The Company is a multi-national corporation with eleven primary manufacturing facilities strategically located in the United States, China, France, Ireland, Germany and Switzerland, enabling the Company to produce and market world-wide a broad range of sensors that use advanced technologies to measure precise ranges of physical characteristics. These sensors are used for automotive, medical, consumer, military/aerospace, and industrial applications. The Company’s sensor products include pressure sensors and transducers, linear/rotary position sensors, piezoelectric polymer film sensors, custom microstructures, load cells, accelerometers, optical sensors, humidity and temperature sensors. The Company's advanced technologies include piezo-resistive silicon sensors, application-specific integrated circuits, micro-electromechanical systems, piezoelectric polymers, foil strain gauges, force balance systems, fluid capacitive devices, linear and rotational variable differential transformers, electromagnetic displacement sensors, hygroscopic capacitive sensors, ultrasonic sensors, optical sensors, negative thermal coefficient ceramic sensors and mechanical resonators.

Effective December 1, 2005, we completed the sale of our Consumer segment, including our Cayman Island subsidiary, Measurement Limited (“ML”), to Fervent Group Limited (“FGL”). FGL is a company controlled by the owners of River Display Limited, our long time partner and primary supplier of consumer products in Shenzhen, China. Accordingly, the related financial statements for the Consumer segment are reported as discontinued operations. All comparisons in Management’s Discussion and Analysis for each of the periods ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, exclude the results of these discontinued operations except as otherwise noted.
 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Company remains focused on creating long-term shareholder value.  To accomplish this goal, we continue to execute measures we believe will result in higher sales performance in excess of the overall market and generation of positive EBITDA.  We have implemented aggressive actions not only to proactively address the current economic recession, but to position the Company for future growth in sales and profitability, all of which ultimately we expect to translate to enhanced shareholder value.

We started fiscal 2009 with positive sales and profit growth, well on track to achieve another record year.  Sales then changed very quickly and drastically, and by the final months of fiscal 2009, we were into one of the worst recessions in decades.  There continues to be economic downward pressure in most areas of the economy, resulting in extremely difficult and challenging times for us and our customers.  Sales in all of our markets decreased during fiscal 2009.  Our sales to the automotive and heavy truck sector were especially hard hit.  In spite of not losing any major customers in 2009 to competitive situations and having a diversified global customer base with a wide range of sensor products, we have had significant variability in our sales, earnings and cash flows.  The high degree of economic uncertainty has created a situation whereby our visibility with respect to future performance has been greatly diminished.

Accordingly, we have taken decisive action, including aligning our labor workforce with the latest projected sale volumes.  We have lowered costs through significant reductions in headcount, cut management salaries and eliminated the Company’s management bonus program and 401(k) match, as well as curtailed capital expenditures and implemented other cost control measures.  Additionally, the Company modified the three business group structure, in order to, among other things, better focus on cross-selling of the differing sensor products and to address current business conditions and certain changes within the management group, which resulted in one operating segment.  Furthermore, effective April 1, 2009, the Company entered into an amendment to the credit agreement with our lenders whereby the Company proactively negotiated a reduction of our debt covenant requirements.  As a result of the decline in our sales and profitability resulting from the impact of the global recession, the Company negotiated revisions to its debt covenant requirements for fiscal 2010, which will, among other things, result in higher fees and interest rates charged by our lenders to the Company and a reduction in the principal amount available under our revolver to $90,000. We believe that these revisions to our debt covenants should address the adverse impact of the recession with respect to our covenant requirements, but there can be no assurance that these reductions will be sufficient, particularly if the recession is longer or worse than we expect.  As part of this credit facility amendment, the Company will be prohibited from any future acquisitions without lender approval during the covenant relief period which ends March 31, 2010.

We have taken several additional critical steps to better position the Company not only to weather the recession but to capitalize on opportunities when the economy improves.  To that end, we currently have one of the strongest product development pipelines in the history of the Company, which we expect to lay the foundation for accelerated future sales growth.  Research and development will continue to play a key role in our efforts to maintain product innovations for new sales and to improve profitability. Consistent with our strategy to expand our product portfolio, global footprint and additional opportunities for cost synergies, we completed the acquisitions of Atexis and FGP on January 30, 2009 (the “2009 Acquisitions”).  Atexis expanded our temperature sensors and probes business utilizing NTC, Platinum (Pt) and thermo-couple technologies and increased our temperature manufacturing base through wholly-owned subsidiaries in France and China.  FGP was a competitor in custom force, pressure and vibration sensors for aerospace and test and measurement markets.

A core tenet of our strategy is providing customized solutions to our customers.  To cost effectively deliver this service, we have completed the expansion of our infrastructure in China.  Today, products generating approximately 45% of our net sales are manufactured in China and nearly 60% of our global employees are in our China operation.  Given our commitment to the region in general, and Shenzhen in particular, and in order to mitigate the continued lease cost escalation in the future and add adequate room for expansion, we made the decision two years ago to lease property in Shenzhen and build a new manufacturing facility and Asian headquarters.  We completed construction late in calendar 2008 on our new 230,000 square foot facility.  The total investment in the new facility is approximately $12,800.  This investment is at the upper end of our initial estimated range when stated in U.S. dollars, largely due to the appreciation of the Chinese renminbi (“RMB”).  In addition to providing a low cost operation from which we can support operations in other regions of the world, we believe our operation in China provides a gateway to drive increased sales in China and Asia.  Our local sales in China, while relatively small today, are expanding at nearly twice the rate of our overall growth rate, and remain a key area of opportunity for the Company.

 
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While the global economic decline and recent performance of the Company’s stock price are disappointing, we firmly believe that long-term, the Company will create shareholder value through our efforts for sales growth and positive EBITDA generation.  There have been a number of recent factors adversely affecting our stock price, including our direct link to the automotive business and the overall impact on equities from the economic recession, particularly in light of our relatively low trading volume.

It is important to put the Company’s automotive business in perspective.  Our sales to the automotive market (i.e., passenger cars light trucks, buses, heavy trucks and tractors) represents about 25% of our overall business.  The Company has a strong market position in automotive, but not to the degree to categorize the Company as a primarily auto dependent supplier.  The significant drop in global automotive sales and uncertainty with the impact of the ongoing restructuring of the Big Three automakers in the U.S., have had an adverse impact on the Company, because the automotive sector is an important global market for us.  However, we have a relatively broad market and customer base and next year we expect about three quarters of our sales and a greater portion of our profits to come from outside of the automotive market.

The decrease of our stock price and resulting decline in our market capitalization triggered an interim impairment test of goodwill at December 31, 2008.  As detailed in Results of Operations contained later in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Notes 2 and 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report file on Form 10-K, the Company is required to test goodwill for impairment annually at fiscal year end and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.  At December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009, the Company performed an impairment assessment of goodwill, and based on this testing, there was no impairment of goodwill.  The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. To derive the fair value of our reporting unit, the Company performed various valuation analyses primarily utilizing the discounted cash flow or income approach.  Under the income approach, we determined fair value based on estimated future cash flows discounted by an estimated weighted average cost of capital, which considered the overall level of inherent risk of the reporting unit and the rate of return an outside investor would expect to earn. Although our cash flow forecasts are based on assumptions that are considered reasonable by management and consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses, there is significant judgment in determining the expected future cash flows attributable to our business.  While we believe the fair values we have estimated are reasonable, actual performance in the short-term and long-term could be materially different from our forecasts, which could impact future estimates of fair value of our reporting unit and may result in impairment of goodwill.

The Company also performed an impairment analysis as of the end of fiscal 2009 for long-lived assets and amortizable intangible assets in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“SFAS No. 144”), since there were triggering events, including, the decline in the Company’s financial performance, decline in the Company’s stock price and negative economic trends. Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.  The Company evaluated long-lived assets and amortizable intangible assets for impairment, and based on this analysis, there was no impairment identified for 2009, 2008 or 2007.

The Company recorded a valuation allowance of approximately $2,881 at March 31, 2009 for certain deferred tax assets associated with net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) principally at our German subsidiary.  This non-cash charge to income tax expense reduced our net income by $2,881 or approximately $0.20 per diluted share.   Accounting guidance for such valuation allowances is strictly based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence which can be objectively verified as to whether it is more likely than not that the NOLs will be utilized, and if positive evidence does not outweigh negative evidence, the conclusion is that a valuation allowance is required.  At March 31, 2009, our German subsidiary had cumulative losses over the past three years, primarily due to the decrease in profitability during the second half of fiscal 2009 as a result of the global recession.  The negative evidence of three years of cumulative losses was considered to outweigh the positive evidence that the net operating losses were not subject to expiration, because the long-term prospects of future profitability were not considered objectively verifiable.  We expect our German subsidiary to return to profitability in a future period and we will continue to assess positive and negative evidence to determine if a valuation allowance is required in future periods.

The fundamentals of the Company are sound and we continue to become the supplier of choice to OEM and select end users for their physical sensing needs.  Since fiscal 2004, we have invested over $200,000 in the Company’s future, establishing the foundation for creating long-term shareholder value. The significant investments include the fourteen companies we have acquired with a total purchase price of over $167,000, in excess of $12,800 for our new China facility and $35,000 in other capital expenditures, all of which greatly expanded the Company’s global footprint to further diversify our manufacturing, customer and product bases.

TRENDS

There are a number of trends that we expect to have material effects on the Company in the future, including global economic conditions with the resulting impact on sales, profitability, capital spending, changes in foreign currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar, changes in debt levels and interest rates, and shifts in our overall effective tax rate.

 
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Our visibility with respect to future sales is very limited at this time.  Current market indicators are mixed, but there are some recent signs of some stabilization.  However, there continue to be indications that global demand will not quickly recover and may continue to contract for most, if not all, of fiscal 2010.  Such lower demand levels are anticipated to continue to adversely impact the Company’s sales and profitability.  In particular, the Company’s automotive, housing and industrial businesses are likely to be the most impacted with medical technologies less affected.  In future periods, we expect the sensor market will continue to perform well relative to the overall economy as a result of the increase in sensor content in various products across most end markets in the U.S., Europe and Asia. While we believe third and fourth quarter sales in fiscal 2009 were unusually hard hit as a result of reducing inventory levels in the supply chain to match lower anticipated demand, it is not yet clear how much improvement, if any, we will see in future quarters, or whether sales will continue to decline.

Since we cannot provide definitive sales guidance, it is also challenging to provide guidance for gross margins.  Within this context, we expect gross margins in fiscal 2010 to range from approximately 39% to 42%, primarily reflecting the impact of a more stable product sales mix and stability in the value of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar.  Gross margins have trended down over the past several years, largely due to unfavorable product sales mix (both in terms of organic growth and acquired sales) and the impact of the increase in the value of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar.  However, our gross margins improved slightly in fiscal 2009 as compared to the prior year because of the decrease in the proportionate amount of lower grossing product mix, especially with sales to our largest customer and automotive market.  Our sales to the automotive market are usually characterized as higher volumes but carry lower gross margins than our average.  Since the Company’s China operations have more costs than sales denominated in RMB (short RMB position), increases in the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar have resulted in margin erosion.  However, over the past several months, the RMB has stabilized relative to the U.S. dollar, and this trend is expected to continue into fiscal 2010.  Finally, as with all manufacturers, our gross margins are sensitive to the overall volume of business (i.e., economies of scale) in that certain costs are fixed, and since our overall level of business declined in 2009, especially during the second half, our gross margins and overall level of profits decreased accordingly.  We expect continued downward pressures on our gross margins given our expectation that global demand will not recover and may continue to contract for 2010.

Total selling, general and administrative expense (“Total SG&A”) as a percent of net sales increased in 2009 as compared to prior years, reflecting the drop in sales and the increase in Total SG&A expenses due to SG&A expenses related to acquisitions.   Historically, we have been successful in leveraging our SG&A expense, growing SG&A expense more slowly than our sales growth in 2009, but the global economic recession adversely impacted our SG&A leverage. As a percent of sales, Total SG&A has increased to 35.4%, as compared to 29.5% and 32.5% in fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively. Given fiscal 2010 sales will be lower than in past years, as well as a result of continued investment in R&D costs for new programs that are not yet generating sales (such as our new fluid property sensor) and the higher costs associated with recent Acquisitions, we are expecting a slight decrease in SG&A as a percent of sales in fiscal 2010, excluding amortization and stock option expense.  Additionally, certain costs directly related to the recession could increase more than expected, including such costs as the amendment fees charged by our lenders and related professional fees, as well as bad debt expenses due to uncollectible trade receivables.  The Company does not have any significant direct trade receivable exposures with Chrysler or General Motors, since we are primarily a tier two or tier three supplier to them.  The Company attempts to offset such cost increases through continued efforts to control costs.  The Company does not expect to make any acquisitions during fiscal 2010.

Amortization of acquired intangible assets increased dramatically from fiscal 2008 to fiscal 2009, associated with the acquisitions of Intersema and Visyx (the “2008 Acquisitions) and the 2009 Acquisitions. Amortization is disproportionately loaded more in the initial year of the acquisition, and therefore amortization expense is higher in the quarters immediately following a transaction, and declines after the first year based on how various intangible assets are valued and amortized. Even with the acquisitions of Atexis and FGP completed toward the end of fiscal 2009, amortization is expected to decrease in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009 to approximately $4,900 based on current exchange rates and preliminary purchase accounting allocations.

In addition to the margin exposure as a result of the depreciation of the U.S. dollar due to higher level of costs than sales denominated in RMB, the Company also has foreign currency exchange exposures with balance sheet accounts. When foreign currency exchange rates fluctuate, there is a resulting revaluation of assets and liabilities denominated and accounted for in foreign currencies. Foreign currency exchange (“fx”) expense due to the revaluation of local subsidiary balance sheet accounts with realized fx transactions and unrealized fx translation adjustments has increased sharply in recent years, because of, among other factors, volatility of foreign currency exchange rates. For example, our Swiss company, Intersema, which uses the Swiss franc as their functional currency, holds cash denominated in foreign currencies (U.S. dollar and Euro). As the Swiss franc appreciates against the U.S. dollar and/or Euro, the cash balances held in those denominations are devalued when stated in terms of Swiss francs. These transaction and translation losses are reflected in our “Foreign Currency Exchange Loss.” Aside from cash, our foreign entities generally hold receivables in foreign currencies, as well as payables. In fiscal 2009 and 2008, we posted a net expense of $771 and $618, respectively, in realized and unrealized foreign exchange losses associated with the revaluation of foreign assets held by foreign entities. We would expect to see continued fx expense associated with volatility of foreign currency exchange rates.
 
On average the U.S. dollar weakened relative to the RMB, but appreciated against the Euro and Swiss franc during fiscal 2009.  The Company has used foreign currency contracts to hedge some of this exposure.  The Company has not hedged all of this exposure, but has accepted the exposure to exchange rate movements without using derivative financial instruments to manage this risk under hedge accounting.  Therefore, both positive and negative movements in currency exchange rates relative to the US dollar will continue to affect the reported amounts of sales, profits, and assets and liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 
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Our overall effective tax rate will continue to fluctuate as a result of the allocation of earnings among various taxing jurisdictions with varying tax rates.  We expect our overall effective tax rate in 2010 to increase resulting from, among other factors, a higher tax rate in China, the valuation allowance to be recorded for additional net operating losses at our German subsidiary, and a higher percentage of total profits generated in jurisdictions with higher tax rates than our overall average effective tax rate.
 
The Company expects to continue investing in various capital projects in fiscal 2010, and capital spending in 2010 is expected to approximate $7,000.  This level is lower than fiscal 2009, because capital spending in 2009 included the completion of the new China facility, as well as reductions related to various cost control measures.

CHANGES IN OUR BUSINESS
 
ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTURES:
 
The Company made two acquisitions during fiscal 2009 (“2009 Acquisitions”).  Atexis expanded our temperature sensors and probes utilizing NTC, Platinum (Pt) and thermo-couples technologies and increased our temperature manufacturing base through wholly-owned subsidiaries in France and China.  FGP was a competitor of custom force, pressure and vibration sensors for aerospace and test and measurement markets.

Effective December 1, 2005, we completed the sale of the Consumer segment to Fervent Group Limited (FGL), including its Cayman Island subsidiary, ML Cayman. FGL is a company controlled by the owners of River Display Limited (RDL), our long time partner and primary supplier of consumer products in Shenzhen, China. Accordingly, the related financial statements for the Consumer segment are reported as discontinued operations. All comparisons in Management’s Discussion and Analysis for consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows for each of the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, and consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2009 and 2008, exclude the results of these discontinued operations except as otherwise noted.
 
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards:

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”).  This new standard provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.  On February 12, 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Positions that delayed for one year the applicability of SFAS No. 157’s fair value measurement requirements to certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities, excluded most lease accounting fair-value measurements from SFAS No. 157’s scope.

The provisions of SFAS No. 157 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years, except for that portion of provisions deferred for one year pursuant to the FASB Staff Positions. Effective April 1, 2008, the Company adopted the applicable provisions of SFAS No. 157, except for that portion of the provisions deferred for one year.  The implementation of the adopted provisions of SFAS No. 157 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 expands the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities requiring enhanced disclosure of how derivative instruments impact a company’s financial statements, why companies engage in such transactions and a tabular disclosure of the effects of such instruments and related hedged items on a company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The provisions of SFAS No. 161 are effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. SFAS No. 161 shall be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the period in which it is initially adopted.  The Company adopted SFAS No. 161 on January 1, 2009 and the adoption of this statement did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.
 
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“SFAS 162”). SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. SFAS 162 is effective as of November 15, 2008 for financial statements presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. There was no impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flow upon the adoption of this standard.

 
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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements:

In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 141R, Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141R”) and FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements- an amendment to ARB No. 51 (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 141R and SFAS No. 160 require most identifiable assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests, and goodwill acquired in a business combination to be recorded at “full fair value” and require noncontrolling interests (previously referred to as minority interests) to be reported as a component of equity, which changes the accounting for transactions with noncontrolling interest holders. Both Statements are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within these fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and earlier adoption is prohibited. SFAS No.141R will be applied to business combinations occurring after the effective date. The accounting for contingent consideration under SFAS No. 141R requires the measurement of contingencies at the fair value on the acquisition date. Contingent consideration can be either a liability or equity based, and as such will be accounted for under SFAS No. 150, SFAS No. 133, or EITF 00-19. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration (liability) are recognized in earnings, not to goodwill, and equity classified contingent consideration amounts are not re-measured. SFAS No. 160 will be applied prospectively to all noncontrolling interests, including any that arose before the effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS No. 141R and SFAS No. 160 will have on its results of operations and financial position, but based on preliminary procedures, the Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 141R and SFAS No. 160 to have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS No. 157-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measures for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13 (“FSP 157-1”). FSP 157-1 removed leasing transactions accounted for under SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases, and related guidance from the scope of SFAS No. 157. In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement 157, (“FSP 157-2”). FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, or April 1, 2009 for the Company. As a result of adopting FSP 157-2, we have only partially adopted SFAS No. 157.  The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have on its results of operations and financial position, but based on preliminary procedures, the Company does not expect the full adoption of SFAS No. 157 to have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.
 
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS No. 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets, (“FSP 142-3”). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, (“SFAS 142”). The intent of FSP 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141R, Business Combinations, (“SFAS No. 141(R)”), and other U.S. GAAP pronouncements. FSP 142-3 shall be applied prospectively to all intangible assets acquired after its effective date. FSP 142-3 is effective for our interim and annual financial statements beginning after March 31, 2009. We will adopt this FSP effective April 1, 2009. We do not expect the adoption of this statement to have a material impact on our results of operations and financial position.

APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the periods reported. The following accounting policies involve “critical accounting estimates” because they are particularly dependent on estimates and assumptions made by management about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimates are made. In addition, while we have used our best estimates based on facts and circumstances available to us at the time, different estimates reasonably could have been used in the current period, or changes in the accounting estimates we used are reasonably likely to occur from period to period which may have a material impact on the presentation of our financial condition and results of operations. We review these estimates and assumptions periodically and reflect the effects of revisions in the period that they are determined to be necessary.

REVENUE RECOGNITION:
 
The Company derives revenues primarily from the sale of sensors and sensor-based systems.  Revenue is recognized in accordance with SAB No. 101, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements, as amended by SAB No. 104, Revenue Recognition. In order for revenue and related cost of sales from product sales to be recognized there must persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, and collectability of the related receivable is reasonably assured.  The Company’s standard terms are FOB shipping Point, but a small portion of our customers have FOB destination terms.  Based on the above criteria, revenue is recognized depending on the specific terms of the arrangement:  Either at the point of shipment for those sales under FOB shipping point terms or when it is received by the customer for sales under FOB destination terms.  For those transactions that are shipped at or near the end of the reporting period for which the sales terms are FOB destination, the Company confirms receipt of the shipment, and if delivery has not occurred, then the revenue is not recognized.  Product sales are recorded net of trade discounts at the point of sale (including volume and early payment incentives because these allowances reflect a reduction in the price for the products in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue (“EITF”) 01-9, Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of a Vendor’s Products)), sales returns, value-added tax and similar taxes. Shipping and handling costs are included in cost of revenue. Sales to customers generally include a right of return. The Company provides for allowances for returns based upon historical and estimated return rates, as required by SFAS No. 48, Revenue Recognition When Right of Return Exists. Sales returns have not historically been significant to our revenues and have been within the estimates made by management. The amount of actual returns could differ from estimates. Changes in estimated returns would be accounted for in the period of change.  Many of our products are designed and engineered to meet customer specifications, and customer arrangements do not involve post-installation or post-sale testing and acceptance.   There is no significant variation in sales terms geographically, or among product lines and industries.

 
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ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE:
 
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The majority of the Company’s accounts receivable is due from manufacturers of electronic, automotive, military, medical and industrial products. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of a customer’s financial condition and, collateral is not required. Accounts receivable are generally due within 30 to 90 days and are stated at amounts due from customers net of allowances for doubtful accounts and other sales allowances. Accounts receivable outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. Amounts collected on trade accounts receivable are included in net cash provided by operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. The Company determines its allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly. Recent deterioration in overall global economic conditions and worldwide credit markets heightens the uncertainties related to customers’ ability to pay and may increase the difficulty in collecting accounts receivable. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate beyond our estimates, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, the Company would be required to reserve and write off additional accounts receivable balances, which would adversely impact the Company’s net earnings and financial condition.  Actual uncollectible accounts could exceed the Company’s estimates and changes to its estimates will be accounted for in the period of change. Account balances are charged against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
 
INVENTORIES:
 
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market (‘LCM’). For purposes of analyzing the LCM, market is current replacement cost. Cost is determined on a standard cost basis which approximates historical cost. Market cannot exceed the net realizable value (i.e., estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonably predicted costs of completion and disposal) and market shall not be less than net realizable value reduced by an allowance for an approximately normal profit margin. In evaluating LCM, management also considers, if applicable, other factors as well, including known trends, market conditions, currency exchange rates and other such issues. If the utility of goods is impaired by damage, deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price levels or other causes, a loss shall be charged as cost of sales in the period which it occurs.

The Company makes purchasing decisions principally based upon firm sales orders from customers, the availability and pricing of raw materials and projected customer requirements. Future events that could adversely affect these decisions and result in significant charges to our operations include slowdown in customer demand, customer delay in the issuance of sales orders, miscalculation of customer requirements, technology changes that render raw materials and finished goods obsolete, loss of customers and/or cancellation of sales orders. The Company establishes reserves for its inventories to recognize estimated obsolescence and unusable items on a continual basis.
 
Generally, products that have existed in inventory for 12 months with no usage and that have no current demand or no expected demand, will be considered obsolete and fully reserved. Obsolete inventory approved for disposal is written-off against the reserve. Market conditions surrounding products are also considered periodically to determine if there are any net realizable valuation matters, which would require a write-down of any related inventories. If market or technological conditions change, it may be necessary for additional inventory reserves and write-downs, which would be accounted for in the period of change. The level of inventory reserves reflects the nature of the industry whereby technological and other changes, such as customer buying requirements, result in impairment of inventory. Cash flows from the purchase and sale of inventory are included in cash flows from operating activities.

GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT:
 
Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired in a purchase business combination.   
In accordance with SFAS No. 142, management assesses goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis at fiscal year end or more frequently under certain circumstances. The goodwill impairment test is a two step test. Under the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its carrying value (including goodwill). If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists for the reporting unit, and the enterprise must perform step two of the impairment test (measurement). Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, in accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. Fair value of the reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, step two does not need to be performed and goodwill is not impaired.

 
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The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. To derive the fair value of our reporting unit, the Company performed various valuation analyses primarily utilizing the discounted cash flow or income approach.  Under the income approach, we determined fair value based on estimated future cash flows discounted by an estimated weighted average cost of capital, which is considered the overall level of inherent risk of a reporting unit and the rate of return an outside investor would expect to earn. Although our cash flow forecasts are based on assumptions that are considered reasonable by management and consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses, there is significant judgment in determining the expected future cash flows attributable to these businesses.  While we believe the fair values we have estimated are reasonable, actual performance in the short-term and long-term could be materially different from our forecasts, which could impact future estimates of fair value of our reporting unit and may result in impairment of goodwill in future periods.

In evaluating goodwill for impairment, the fair value of the Company’s reporting units were determined using the discounted cash flow analysis in 2009 and the implied fair value approach in 2008 and 2007.   The implied fair value approach consists of comparing the Company’s market capitalization to the Company’s book value.  If the market capitalization exceeds book value, there is no impairment of goodwill.  Our evaluations were completed in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 for asset values as of these respective dates. Based on our analyses and the guidelines established under SFAS No. 142, management has concluded there was no impairment of the Company’s goodwill in 2009, 2008 and in 2007.

For further details regarding the goodwill impairment analysis under SFAS No. 142, including the weighted cost of capital utilized and the reconciliation of the Company’s fair value based on the discounted cash flow approach to the market approach and market capitalization, see Results of Operations contained later in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Notes 2 and 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report filed on Form 10-K.
 
ACQUISITIONS:

Acquisitions are recorded as of the purchase date, and are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. In all acquisitions, the purchase price of the acquired business is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair values on the date of the acquisition. The fair values of these items are based upon management’s best estimates using various valuation approaches, including the relief from royalty method, cost approach and income approach, depending on the circumstances. Certain of the acquired assets are intangible in nature, including customer relationships, patented and proprietary technology, covenants not to compete, trade names and order backlog, which are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The excess purchase price over the amounts allocated to the assets is recorded as goodwill. All such valuation methodologies, including the determination of subsequent amortization periods, involve significant judgments and estimates. Different assumptions and subsequent actual events could yield materially different results.

Purchased intangibles and goodwill are usually not deductible for tax purposes in stock acquisitions. However, purchase accounting requires the establishment of deferred tax liabilities on purchased intangible assets (excluding goodwill) to the extent the carrying value for financial reporting exceeds the tax basis.
 
LONG LIVED ASSETS:

The Company accounts for the impairment of long-lived assets and amortizable intangible assets in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“SFAS No. 144”). Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.

Management assesses the recoverability of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The following factors, if present, may trigger an impairment review:
 
·   Significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results;
 
·   Significant negative industry or economic trends;
 
·   Significant decline in stock price for a sustained period; and
 
·   Significant change in market capitalization relative to net book value.
 
If the recoverability of these assets is unlikely because of the existence of one or more of the above-mentioned factors, an impairment analysis is performed using projected undiscounted cash flow at the lowest level at which cash flows is identifiable. In the event impairment is indicated, fair value is determined using the discounted cash flow method, appraisal or other accepted techniques.

 
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Management must make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair value of these assets. Other factors could include, among other things, quoted market prices, or other valuation techniques considered appropriate based on the circumstances. If these estimates or related assumptions change in the future, an impairment charge may need to be recorded. Impairment charges would be included in our consolidated statements of operations, and would result in reduced carrying amounts of the related assets on our consolidated balance sheets.

At March 31, 2009, the Company performed an impairment analysis for long-lived assets, due to triggering events which included the decline in the Company’s stock price, change in market capitalization relative to net book value, and decrease in financial performance relative to historical operating results.  In evaluating long-lived assets and amortizable intangible assets for impairment, there was no impairment identified by our analysis indicating the carrying amount of an asset was not be recoverable in 2009.  There were no indicators of potential impairment in 2008 and 2007.
 
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION AND TRANSACTIONS:
 
The functional currency of the Company’s foreign operating companies is the applicable local currency. In consolidation, the foreign subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities are translated into United States dollars using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and their operations are translated using the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income (loss). Accumulated comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income for the period and the cumulative impact of unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments.
 
The Company is subject to foreign exchange risk for foreign currency denominated transactions, such as receivables and payables. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded in foreign currency exchange in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. However, foreign currency exchange gains and losses on intercompany notes of a long-term investment nature which management does not intend to repay in the foreseeable future are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income (loss).
  
INCOME TAXES:
 
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
 
Realization of a deferred tax asset is dependent on generating future taxable income, which is reviewed annually. The Company evaluates all positive and negative evidence in evaluating whether a valuation allowance is required. Consideration of current and expected future taxable income of the Company indicated that an overall valuation allowance is not needed. The Company annually evaluates positive and negative evidence in determining whether a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets is required.

As detailed in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of approximately $2,881 at March 31, 2009 for certain deferred tax assets associated with net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) principally at our German subsidiary.  This non-cash charge to income tax expense reduced our net income by $2,881, or approximately $0.20 per diluted share.   Accounting guidance for such valuation allowances is strictly based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence which can be objectively verified as to whether it is more likely than not that the NOLs will be utilized.  If positive evidence does not outweigh negative evidence, the conclusion is that a valuation allowance is required.  At March 31, 2009, our German subsidiary had cumulative losses over the past three years, primarily due to the decrease in profitability during the second half of fiscal 2009 as a result of the global recession.  The negative evidence of three years of cumulative losses was considered to outweigh the positive evidence that the net operating losses were not subject to expiration, because the long-term prospects of future profitability were not considered objectively verifiable.  We expect our German subsidiary to return to profitability in a future period and we will continue to assess positive and negative evidence to determine if a valuation allowance is required in future periods.
 
Transfer pricing refers to the prices that one member of a group of related companies charges to another member of the group for goods, services, or the use of intellectual property. The Company prepares various transfer pricing studies and other such procedures to assist in determining and supporting transfer pricing. If two or more affiliated companies are located in different countries, the laws or regulations of each country generally will require that transfer prices be the same as those charged by unrelated companies dealing with each other at arm’s length. If one or more of the countries in which our affiliated companies are located believes that transfer prices were manipulated by our affiliate companies in a way that distorts the true taxable income of the companies, the laws of countries where our affiliated companies are located could require us to re-determine transfer prices and thereby reallocate the income of our affiliate companies in order to reflect these transfer prices. Any reallocation of income from one of our companies in a lower tax jurisdiction to an affiliated company in a higher tax jurisdiction would result in a higher overall tax liability to us. Moreover, if the country from which the income is being reallocated does not agree to the reallocation, the same income could be subject to taxation by both countries.

 
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CONTINGENCIES AND LITIGATION:
 
Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. Such accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change.
 
We periodically assess the potential liabilities related to any lawsuits or claims brought against us. While it is typically very difficult to determine the timing and ultimate outcome of these actions, we use our best judgment to determine if it is probable that we will incur an expense related to a settlement for such matters and whether a reasonable estimation of such probable loss, if any, can be made. Given the inherent uncertainty related to the eventual outcome of litigation, it is possible that all or some of these matters may be resolved for amounts materially different from any estimates that we may have made with respect to their resolution.
 
SHARE-BASED PAYMENT:
 
The Company has four active share-based compensation plans, which are more fully described in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Prior to fiscal 2007, the Company applied the intrinsic value method prescribed in Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and accordingly, recognized no compensation expense for stock option grants to employees. There was no employee compensation expense recognized in the income from continuing operations in fiscal 2006 or 2005 as a result of options issued to employees.

Effective April 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment,(“SFAS No. 123R”) utilizing the modified prospective approach. This statement replaces SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation and supersedes APB 25. Under the modified prospective approach, SFAS No. 123R applies to new awards and to awards that were outstanding and not vested on April 1, 2006, as well as those that are subsequently modified, repurchased or cancelled. Under the modified prospective approach, compensation cost recognized in the year ended March 31, 2007 includes compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of April 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123, and compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to April 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123R. Prior periods were not restated to reflect the impact of adopting the new standard.
 
Determining the appropriate fair value model and calculating the fair value of share-based payment awards require the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected life of the share-based payment awards and stock price volatility. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of share-based payment awards represent management’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if factors change and we use different assumptions, our equity-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. In addition, we are required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate and recognize expense only for those shares expected to vest. If our actual forfeiture rate is materially different from our estimate, the equity-based compensation expense could be significantly different from what we have recorded in the current period.   In order to provide an appropriate expected volatility, one which marketplace participants would likely use in determining an exchange price for an option, the Company revised, during the quarter ended September 30, 2006, the method of calculating expected volatility by disregarding a period of the Company’s historical volatility data not considered representative of expected future volatility and replacing the disregarded period of time with peer group data. The Company considers the period of time disregarded to be within the “rare” situations stated in Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”). The Company experienced, during the period of time leading up to and after the restructuring in May 2002, a rare series of events, including a going concern situation, financial statement restatement, a class action shareholder lawsuit, an SEC investigation, a $4,400 asset write-down, significant net losses, and a halt in the trading of the Company’s common stock, none of which are expected to recur in the future.

The Company receives a tax deduction for certain stock options and stock option exercises during the period the options are exercised, generally for the excess of the fair value of the stock over the exercise price of the options at the exercise date. In accordance with SFAS No. 123R, the Company is required to report excess tax benefits from the award of equity instruments as financing cash flows. Since the Company is currently in a net operating loss carry-forward position, the Company applies the tax-law-ordering approach, whereby the tax benefits are considered realized for current-year exercises of share-based compensation awards. These amounts are considered realized because such deductions offset taxable income on the Company’s tax return, thereby reducing the amount of income subject to tax. The current-year stock compensation deduction is used to offset taxable income before the NOL carry-forwards because all current-year deductions take priority over NOL carry-forwards. When the tax deduction exceeds the compensation expense, the tax benefit associated with any excess deduction is considered an excess tax benefit, or “windfall.”  The windfall portion of the share-based compensation deduction reduces income tax payable and is credited to additional paid-in capital (“APIC”). The windfall credited to APIC increases the Company’s APIC pool available to offset future tax deficiencies (“shortfalls”). Shortfalls are the amount the compensation expense exceeds the tax deduction.

 
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2009 COMPARED TO FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2008 (in thousands, except percentages)

ANALYSIS OF CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

The following is a discussion and analysis of the Company’s consolidated statement of operations in comparing fiscal 2009 to fiscal 2008.  For further details regarding certain trends and expectations, please refer to the Trend section earlier in Item 7, Management Discussion and Analysis of our Form 10-K. 
 
   
Years Ended March 31,
         
Percent
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
Change
   
Change
 
Net sales
  $ 203,943     $ 228,383     $ (24,440 )     (10.7 )
Cost of goods sold
    118,333       133,022       (14,689 )     (11.0 )
       Gross profit
    85,610       95,361       (9,751 )     (10.2 )
Operating expenses:
                               
  Selling, general, and administrative
    63,557       60,473       3,084       5.1  
  Non-cash equity based compensation (SFAS 123R)
    2,942       3,397       (455 )     (13.4 )
  Amortization of acquired intangibles
    5,609       3,610       1,999       55.4  
     Total selling, general and administrative expenses
    72,108       67,480       4,628       6.9  
        Operating income
    13,502       27,881       (14,379 )     (51.6 )
Interest expense, net
    3,081       4,536       (1,455 )     (32.1 )
Foreign currency exchange loss
    771       618       153       24.8  
Other income
    (253 )     (80 )     (173 )     216.3  
Income from continuing operations before minority interest and income taxes
    9,903       22,807       (12,904 )     (56.6 )
    Minority interest, net of income taxes
    388       364       24       6.6  
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
    9,515       22,443       (12,928 )     (57.6 )
    Income tax expense due to tax law changes
          900       (900 )     (100.0 )
    Income tax expense due to valuation allowance
    2,881       74       2,807       3,793.2  
    Income tax expense from continuing operations
    1,355       5,027       (3,672 )     (73.0 )
Income tax expense from continuing operations
    4,236       6,001       (1,765 )     (29.4 )
Income from continuing operations
  $ 5,279     $ 16,442     $ (11,163 )     (67.9 )

As part of our discussion and analysis, the following table summarizes certain items in our consolidated statements of income as a percentage of net sales.

   
Years ended March 31 ,
       
   
2009
   
2008
   
Change
 
Net sales
    100.0 %     100.0 %      
Cost of goods sold
    58.0 %     58.2 %     (0.2 )
       Gross profit
    42.0 %     41.8 %     0.2  
Operating expenses:
                     
  Selling, general, and administrative
    31.2 %     26.5 %     4.7  
  Non-cash equity based compensation (SFAS 123R)
    1.4 %     1.5 %     (0.1 )
  Amortization of acquired intangibles
    2.8 %     1.6 %     1.2  
     Total selling, general and administrative expenses
    35.4 %     29.5 %     5.9  
        Operating income
    6.6 %     12.2 %     (5.6 )
Interest expense, net
    1.5 %     2.0 %     (0.5 )
Foreign currency exchange loss
    0.4 %     0.3 %     0.1  
Other income
    (0.1 )     0.0 %     (0.1 )
Income from continuing operations before minority interest and income taxes
    4.9 %     10.0 %     (5.1 )
    Minority interest, net of income taxes
    0.2 %     0.2 %      
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
    4.7 %     9.8 %     (5.1 )
    Income tax expense due to tax law changes
    0.0 %     0.4 %     (0.4 )
    Income tax expense due to valuation allowance
    1.4 %     0.0 %     1.4  
    Income tax expense from continuing operations
    0.7 %     2.2 %     (1.5 )
Income tax expense from continuing operations
    2.1 %     2.6 %     (0.5 )
Income from continuing operations
    2.6 %     7.2 %     (4.6 )

Net Sales: Net sales decreased $24,440 or 10.7% to $203,943 from $228,383. Organic sales, defined as net sales excluding sales attributed to Intersema and Visyx acquisitions through December 31, 2008 (the “2008 Acquisitions”) and net sales from the 2009 Acquisitions, decreased $34,033 or approximately 15.2%.  The overall level of organic sales for fiscal 2009 was initially expected to be lower than the past few years; however, our expectation for lower organic sales was revised downward further during the year due primarily to the challenging global economic situation and uncertainty, as well as due to lower sales with the Company’s largest customer.

 
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The current recession is one of the worst recessions in decades, and there is downward economic pressure in most areas of the economy.  As such, sales for the year were down significantly, led by sharp reductions in sales to passenger and non-passenger vehicle customers in U.S., Europe and Asia.  The most notable decline was with the automotive market.  While we believe sales were unusually hard hit as a result of customers reducing inventory levels to match lower anticipated demand for their products, it is not yet clear how much improvement we will see in future quarters or whether sales will continue to decline.  Accordingly, we have taken decisive action, including aligning our labor workforce with the latest projected sale volumes.  We have lowered costs through significant reductions in headcount, cut management salaries and eliminated the Company’s management bonus program and 401(k) match, and we have curtailed capital expenditures and implemented other cost control measures.  Additionally, the Company modified the three business group structure, in order to, among other things, better focus on cross-selling of the differing sensor products and to address current business conditions and certain changes within the management group, which resulted in one operating segment.

Gross Margin:  Gross margin (gross profit as a percentage of net sales) increased slightly to approximately 42.0% from 41.8%. The improvement in gross margin is due to several factors, including product sales mix and various cost control measures, partially offset by the strengthening of the Chinese RMB, as well as the adverse impact on gross margins as a result of decrease in volumes.  The more favorable product sales mix is largely associated with decreased proportion of sales of lower gross margin products. This would include sales to the automotive sector, which carries a lower gross margin than our average.   Additionally, our gross margins were adversely impacted by the lower levels of production and absorption of costs during the fourth quarter due to the consumption of inventory as part of the China facility move and to better align inventory levels with lower sales levels.  During the first half of fiscal 2009, there had also been an adverse impact on margins due to increases in certain costs reflecting the pervasive impact on costs associated with higher prices for certain commodities.  The average Chinese RMB exchange rate relative to the U.S. dollar appreciated approximately 7.7% as compared to last year. This translates to approximately $1,409 in annualized margin erosion.  Finally, as with all manufacturers, our gross margins are sensitive to the overall volume of business in that certain costs are fixed.  Since our overall level of business declined in 2009, our gross margins and overall level of profits decreased accordingly.

On a continuing basis, our gross margin may vary due to product mix, sales volume, availability of raw materials, foreign currency exchange rates, and other factors.

Selling, General and Administrative: Overall, total selling, general and administrative expenses (“Total SG&A”) increased $4,628 or 6.9% to $72,108, due to costs associated with the 2008 and 2009 Acquisitions. As a percent of net sales, Total SG&A expenses increased to 35.4% from 29.5%. The increase in Total SG&A expenses as a percent of net sales is due to the decrease in net sales, which is the resulting impact of the global economic situation.  Approximately $5,816 of the increase in Total SG&A was directly associated with the 2009 Acquisitions and the first nine months of fiscal 2009 for 2008 Acquisitions, and include higher salaries, amortization, facility expenses, professional fees, and acquisition related integration costs.  There was also an increase of $494 in bad debt expense, reflecting the impact of the global economic recession.

Partially offsetting the increases in total SG&A discussed above are the impact of the various cost control measures implemented during fiscal 2009, including reductions in headcount and management salaries, as well as the suspension of bonuses and 401(k) match.

Stock Option Expense:  Stock option expense decreased $455 to $2,942 from $3,397.  The decrease in stock option expense is mainly due to the lower valuation of non-cash equity based compensation under SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payments, resulting primarily from the decrease in the Company’s stock price, partially offset by higher volatility and quantity of options issued with the annual grant in fiscal 2009 relative to the annual grant in fiscal 2008.  Total compensation cost related to share based payments not yet recognized totaled $3,885 at March 31, 2009, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1.8 years.

Amortization of Acquired Intangibles:  Amortization of acquired intangible assets increased $1,999 to $5,609, which is mainly due to higher amortization expense associated with the 2008 Acquisitions. Amortization expense for intangible assets is higher during the first year after an acquisition because, among other things, the order back-log is fully amortized during the initial year.  The increase in amortization expense associated with the two 2009 Acquisitions consummated during the quarter ended March 31, 2009 was not as significant due to the close proximity of the transactions to our fiscal year end, but the impact on amortization expense related to these acquisitions is expected to be more significant next year.
 
Interest Expense, net: Interest expense decreased $1,455 to $3,081 for the year ended March 31, 2009 from $4,536 for the year ended March 31, 2008. The decrease in interest expense is primarily attributable to the decrease in average interest rates from 7.4% last year to approximately 4.32% this year, partially offset by an increase in the average total outstanding debt from an average amount outstanding of $64,186 in 2008 to $75,040 in 2009. Interest expense is expected to increase during next fiscal year due to higher interest rates.

As a result of the decline in our sales and profitability resulting from the impact of the global recession, the Company proactively negotiated with our lenders for an amendment to provide for the future reduction of our debt covenants, which will result in a higher interest rate charged by our lenders to the Company.  The Amendment will provide the Company with additional flexibility under its minimum EBITDA covenant, total leverage ratio covenant, fixed charge ratio covenant and maximum capital expenditure covenant included in its senior credit facility. Under the terms of the Amendment, the principal amount available under the Company’s revolver has been reduced from $121,000 to $90,000. The Amendment increased the interest rate by between 150 and 225 basis points, with increases in the Index Margin and LIBOR Margin, which vary based on the Company’s debt to EBITDA leverage ratio.  Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company is prohibited from consummating any business acquisitions during the covenant relief period, which ends March 31, 2010.

 
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Foreign Currency Exchange Gain or Loss:  The increase in foreign currency exchange loss mainly reflects the continued appreciation of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar, as well as the overall decrease in the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro as compared to last year.  The Company continues to be impacted by volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, especially with the continued impact of the appreciation of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar, even though the appreciation of the RMB was less in 2009 as compared to 2008, as well as the impact of the fluctuation of the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro and Swiss franc.  Based on the variability and volatility of foreign currency exchange rates, the Company is not able to provide any reasonable expectation for foreign currency exchange gains or losses during the next fiscal year.  However, the Company remains subject to foreign currency exchange exposures, and as such, the Company will continue to have foreign currency exchange gains and/or losses.  The Company monitors such exposures and attempts to mitigate such exposures through various hedging strategies, but not all exposures are hedged.

Other expense and income: Other expense and income consist of various non-operating items, including sales of tooling and other miscellaneous income and expense items.  The increase from income of $80 last year to income of $253 mainly reflects approximately $500 of Chinese incentives for foreign investments provided to the Company, partially offset by miscellaneous expense items.

Income Taxes: Total income tax expense during fiscal 2009 decreased $1,765 to $4,236 as compared to $6,001 for fiscal 2008.  The decrease in income tax expense is principally due to lower taxable income in 2009, lower proportion of taxable income in higher tax rate jurisdictions, and favorable R&D tax credits in France, which were offset by a $2,881 income tax expense for the valuation allowances recorded at March 31, 2009 relating to deferred tax assets principally at our Germany subsidiary.  The Company’s income tax rate (income tax expense from continuing operations and after minority interest) increased to approximately 44.5% as compared to 26.7% last year. The increase in the income tax rate was mainly due to the valuation allowance recorded relating to the German subsidiary.  This was partly offset by a higher proportion of income being generated in those tax jurisdictions with lower tax rates and additional R&D tax benefits in France.

The Company recorded a valuation allowance of approximately $2,881 at March 31, 2009 principally for certain deferred tax assets associated with net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) at our German subsidiary.  This non-cash charge to income tax expense reduced our net income by $2,881 or approximately $0.20 per diluted share.   Accounting guidance for such valuation allowances is strictly based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence which can be objectively verified as to whether or not the NOLs will be utilized, and if positive evidence does not outweigh negative evidence, a valuation allowance is required.  At March 31, 2009, our German subsidiary had cumulative losses over the past three years, primarily due to the decrease in profitability during the second half of fiscal 2009 as a result of the global recession.  In weighing the positive and negative evidence, the negative evidence of three years of cumulative losses was considered to outweigh the positive evidence that the net operating losses were not subject to expiration, because the long-term prospects of future profitability in future periods was not considered objectively verifiable.  We will continue to assess positive and negative evidence to determine if a valuation allowance is required in future periods.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2007, the Company recorded a discrete non-cash tax adjustment of approximately $997 for the revaluation of the net deferred tax assets in Germany resulting from a decrease in tax rates enacted in 2007. The Company’s combined tax rate in Germany decreased from 39% to 32%, as a result of the German Business Tax Reform 2008, which became effective on August 17, 2007.  

The China tax authorities announced an increase in the income tax rate to 18% on December 27, 2007, effective on January 1, 2008. Also effective January 1, 2008 is a 5% withholding tax on the distribution of earnings. The Company submitted an application for high tech status last year, and it was not granted.  The Company intends to continue to pursue qualification as a high technology enterprise with the Chinese authority, and if the Company is able to be awarded such qualification, the effective income tax rate will be reduced to 15% plus the 5% withholding tax. The current guidance on the China tax law, without award of high tech status, is a graduated statutory rate from 18% in calendar 2008 to 25% in calendar year 2012.  The applicable statutory rate effective January 1, 2009 is 20% and is increased January 1, 2010 to 22%.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Company recorded the reversal of a foreign income tax payable, which resulted in a reduction of income tax expense of $597 or almost $0.04 per diluted share. The income tax payable related to a foreign tax accrual from at least fiscal 2001, which had been previously considered a liability; however, based on discovered documentation, it was determined that the Company was not liable for the amounts previously accrued.

Our overall effective tax rate will continue to fluctuate based on the allocation of earnings among various taxing jurisdictions with varying tax rates and with changes in tax rates. We expect our overall effective tax rate to generally increase due to more of our total income being generated in Europe and the U.S., which are subject to a higher effective tax rates than our average and the impact of the increase in the China income tax rate.

Discontinued Operations. Discontinued operations primarily consist of the remaining activity associated with the note receivable received by the Company in connection with the sale of the Consumer segment, which is included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as current and non-current portions of promissory note receivable. For the year ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, imputed interest income related to the promissory note receivable totaled $20 and $112, respectively, which is included in interest expense, net from continuing operations. Cash flows from discontinued operations are reported separately in the statement of cash flows, and the absence of cash flows from discontinued operations is not expected to have a material adverse affect on the future liquidity and capital resources of the Company.

 
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FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2008 COMPARED TO FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2007 (in thousands, except percentages)

   
For the years ended March 31,
   
Percent
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
Change
   
Change
 
Net sales
  $ 228,383     $ 200,250     $ 28,133       14.0  
Cost of goods sold
    133,022       112,803       20,219       17.9  
      Gross profit
    95,361       87,447       7,914       9.1  
Operating expenses:
                               
 Selling, general, and administrative
    60,473       56,346       4,127       7.3  
 Non-cash equity based compensation (SFAS 123R)
    3,397       2,887       510       17.7  
 Amortization of acquired intangibles
    3,610       4,464       (854 )     (19.1 )
 Litigation settlement expenses
          1,275       (1,275 )     (100.0 )
    Total operating expenses
    67,480       64,972       2,508       3.9  
       Operating income
    27,881       22,475       5,406       24.1  
Interest expense, net
    4,536       6,106       (1,570 )     (25.7 )
Foreign currency exchange loss
    618       767       (149 )     (19.4 )
Other income
    (80 )     (6 )     (74 )     1,233.3  
Income from continuing operations before minority interest and income taxes
    22,807       15,608       7,199       46.1  
   Minority interest, net of income taxes
    364       524       (160 )     (30.5 )
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
    22,443       15,084       7,359       48.8  
   Income tax expense (benefit) due to tax law changes
    900       (102     1,002       982.4  
   Income tax expense from continuing operations
    5,101       3,229       1,872       58.0  
Income tax expense from continuing operations
    6,001       3,127       2,874       91.9  
Income from continuing operations
  $ 16,442     $ 11,957     $ 4,485       37.5  

Net Sales. Our consolidated net sales increased $28,133 or 14.0% from $200,250 to $228,383. Excluding net sales from the 2008 Acquisitions of $4,396, net sales increased $23,737 or 12% (defined as “organic growth”).

All Groups posted organic sales growth, with the strongest growth coming from Pressure/Force Group (“PFG”) and Humidity / Chemical / Gas / Temperature / Optical (“HTG”). PFG net sales increased approximately $16,791 or 24%, mainly the result of strong growth in sales to our largest customer, which primarily services the automotive market, as well as growth with our sensors and transducers in HVAC, high-purity, industrial and medical applications. HTG net sales increased approximately $5,931 or 8% due to continued success of our humidity products in fogging prevention and engine management applications, as well as sense elements used in the measurement of mass air flow. Net sales within Position/Vibration/Piezo (“PVG”) grew 2%. Net sales in Position products were down slightly as compared to last year, in part as a result of the phase out of a large, off-road customer, offset by sales growth in Vibration and Piezo products, fueled by continued success of our newly introduced line of accelerometers, as well as various Piezo applications in traffic, patient monitoring and consumer applications.

Gross Margin.  Overall, gross margin (gross profit as a percent of net sales) decreased to 41.8% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008 from 43.7% for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007.

The decline in margin was primarily due to several factors including product sales mix, a discrete quality event discussed below and the strengthening of the Chinese RMB, as well as unfavorable absorption of manufacturing overhead. The unfavorable product sales mix is largely associated with increased sales to our largest customer, which primarily serves the automotive market and carries a lower gross margin than our average. During the second quarter ended September 30, 2007, the Company recorded an accrual of approximately $300 to cover costs associated with the expected scrap and rework resulting from an isolated large return of goods. The issue that led to the return, which the Company believes has been resolved, was largely attributable to a problem with raw material supplied by one of our vendors. In addition to this accrual, we incurred approximately $200 in unfavorable direct labor variance in the second quarter associated with this event. During the twelve months ended March 31, 2008, the Chinese RMB exchange rate relative to the US dollar appreciated approximately 9% as compared to the same period last year. This translates to net amount of approximately $1,674 in annualized margin erosion. Also negatively impacting margins was lower absorption of manufacturing overhead in the fourth quarter relative to sales mainly due of the reduction of finished goods inventory and production levels.

 
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Operating Expense.    Operating expenses in fiscal 2008 increased $2,508 from $64,972 to $67,480. As a percent of net sales, operating expense declined to 29.5% from 32.4%. The decrease in operating expenses as a percent of net sales was the result of net sales increasing at a higher rate as compared to the increase in costs, due to, among other factors, the impact of cost control measures over such areas as professional fees and a decrease in litigation settlement and amortization expense. Approximately $1,865 of the overall increase in operating expenses is associated with operating expense from acquisitions completed in fiscal 2008.

Selling, General and Administrative.    Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses, which include application and development engineering expense, increased $4,127 to $60,473 in fiscal 2008 from $56,346 in fiscal 2007. As a percent of net sales, SG&A decreased from 28.1% to 26.5%. The increase in SG&A was due to approximately $2,284 increase in salary and wages, and $1,025 increase in non-salary research and development (“R&D”). The increase in salaries reflects higher headcount to support the overall growth in sales, and the increase in R&D reflects the Company’s efforts to continually develop new products. Approximately $1,600 of the increase in SG&A was associated with recently acquired companies, Intersema and Visyx. Partially offsetting the aforementioned increases in SG&A, the prior year operating expenses were higher by approximately $237 due to the costs associated with the closure of the Barbados facility, a former operating entity of BetaTHERM.

Stock Option Expense.  Stock option expense increased $510 to $3,397. Stock option expense represents non-cash equity based compensation under SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment. The increase in stock option expense as compared to the same period last year was primarily the result of the increased number of granted options under the long-term employment agreement with our CFO, as well as the annual stock options grant in November.

Total compensation cost related to share based payments not yet recognized totaled $4,651 at March 31, 2008, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.5 years.

Litigation Settlement Expenses. At March 31, 2007, the Company accrued $1,275 in litigation settlement expenses associated with the settlement of the DeWelt and Samuel litigation. The litigation settlement expenses excluded legal fees, which are included in SG&A.
 
Amortization of Acquired Intangibles.    Amortization of acquired intangibles decreased $854 to $3,610 for the year ended March 31, 2008, mainly due to higher amortization expense during the initial year after the acquisitions of YSI Temperature and BetaTHERM, which were effective April 1, 2006. The amortization expense for intangible assets is higher during the first year mainly because the backlog is fully amortized during the initial year. The increase in amortization expense associated with the two acquisitions consummated during the quarter ended December 31, 2007 was not as significant due to the close proximity of the transactions to our fiscal year end, but the impact on amortization expense related to these acquisitions is expected to be more significant next year.
 
Interest Expense, Net.    The $1,570 decrease in interest expense to $4,536 for the year ended March 31, 2008 was primarily attributed to the decrease in average debt outstanding and lower average interest rates. Overall, average borrowings during fiscal 2008 decreased to $64,186 from $67,407 for fiscal 2007. Average interest rates decreased to 7.4% from 8.4%. The impact on debt outstanding and interest expense associated with the additional borrowings from the acquisitions consummated during the quarter ended December 31, 2007 was not significant due to the proximity of the transactions to our fiscal year end. The Company’s interest rate at March 31, 2008 declined to approximately 4.7%.
 
Foreign Currency Exchange Loss. In addition to the margin exposure as a result of the depreciation of the U.S. dollar due to higher level of costs than sales denominated in RMB, the Company also has foreign currency exchange exposures with balance sheet accounts. When foreign currency exchange rates fluctuate, there is a resulting revaluation of assets and liabilities denominated and accounted for in foreign currencies. Foreign currency exchange loss (“fx”) due to the revaluation of balance sheet accounts with realized fx transactions and unrealized fx translation adjustments has increased sharply this year due mainly to the changes of the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the Chinese RMB and Swiss franc. For example, our Swiss company, Intersema, which uses the Swiss franc as their functional currency, holds cash denominated in foreign currencies (U.S. dollar and Euro). As the Swiss franc appreciates against the U.S. dollar and/or Euro, the cash balances held in those denominations are devalued when stated in terms of Swiss franc. Aside from cash, our foreign entities generally hold receivables in foreign currency, as well as payables.

Income Taxes.   Our overall effective tax rate from continuing operations (income tax from continuing operations divided by income from continuing operations before income taxes) was approximately 26.7% during the year ended March 31, 2008, as compared to 20.7% last year. Total income tax expense increased $2,874 to $6,001, as compared to $3,127 last year.

The overall increase in income tax expense was because of the overall increase in profits before taxes and the increase in the consolidated effective tax rate. The Company’s overall effective tax rate has been impacted by a higher portion of taxable income earned in tax jurisdictions with higher tax rates as compared to fiscal 2007, as well as the impact of tax law changes. The shift of taxable earnings was mainly with the higher earnings in the United States and Europe, as a result of continued cost controls, operating leverage, and lower interest expense, in addition to the recent increase in the tax rate in China.

 
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Our overall effective tax rate includes the net effect of the tax law changes of $900 or approximately 4.0% (income tax expense tax law change divided by income from continuing operations before income taxes). Approximately $989 of the increase in income tax expense was a result of the non-cash income tax expense adjustment recorded for the revaluation of the net deferred tax assets in Germany resulting from the recent decrease in tax rates. Partially offsetting the increase in income tax expense due to the tax law changes is the impact of tax law changes in China, consisting of the $191 income tax credit associated with the revaluation of the Company’s China net deferred tax assets at the new higher tax rate and the $102 income tax expense for the withholding tax on distributable earnings.

The Company’s combined tax rate in Germany decreased from approximately 39% to 32%, as a result of the German Business Tax Reform 2008, which became effective on August 17, 2007.  The lower German corporate tax rates were effective in fiscal 2008. Although these lower German tax rates are expected to favorably impact net income because of the resulting decrease in income tax expense associated with profits earned in Germany in fiscal 2008 and beyond, the Company under the provisions of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes , revalued the German net deferred tax assets at the lower combined German tax rate.

The China tax authorities announced an increase in the income tax rate to 18% on December 27, 2007, effective on January 1, 2008. Also effective January 1, 2008 is a 5% withholding tax on the distribution of earnings.
 
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Company recorded the reversal of a foreign income tax payable, which resulted in a reduction of income tax expense of $597 or almost $0.04 per diluted share. The income tax payable related to a foreign tax accrual from at least seven years ago, which had been previously considered a liability; however, based on recently discovered documentation, it was determined that the Company was not liable for the amounts previously accrued.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash balances totaled $23,483 at March 31, 2009, an increase of $1,918 as compared to March 31, 2008, reflecting, among other factors, the Company’s ability to generate positive operating cash flows, cash from borrowings to finance acquisitions and lower net repayments of debt, which were partially offset by cash used for acquisition of businesses and the purchases of property and equipment, as well as the effect of exchange rate changes on cash balances maintained by our foreign subsidiaries. Cash balances are expected to decline as the Company funds capital additions and pays down debt, as well as the overall impact of the global recession on funding operations.

The following schedule compares the primary categories of the consolidated statement of cash flows for the current year to the prior year:

   
Year ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
Change
 
                   
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations
  $ 22,032     $ 33,235     $ (11,203 )
                         
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations
    (26,609 )     (36,164 )     9,555  
                         
Net cash provided by financing activities from continuing operations
    7,513       12,688       (5,175 )
                         
Net cash provided by discontinued operations
    540       2,507       (1,967 )
                         
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
    (1,558 )     1,590       (3,148 )
                         
Net change in cash and cash equivalents from continuing operations
  $ 1,918     $ 13,856     $ (11,938 )

The underlying reason for the decrease in overall operating cash flows is the economic recession, which reduced profitability and cash flows from operating working capital (trade accounts receivables, inventory, less accounts payable).   Net income declined $11,163 and the fluctuation in cash flows provided by operating working capital went from a source of operating cash flows of $6,455 last year to a source of operating cash flow of $220 during the current year.   In spite of implementing various strategies to improve our cash position and working capital management, the Company was not able to offset the impact of the recession.  The Company closely monitors trade receivables and collections.  Inventory balances increased as compared to last year mainly because of the build up in inventory for the planned China facility move.  We expect to reduce inventory levels during the next quarters with the completion of the move to our new China facility and to better align inventory levels with current levels of sales.  Other items impacting operating cash flows include the fluctuation of income tax payable from a $2,148 use of cash last year to a $1,546 source of cash this year, and the $3,305 increase in depreciation and amortization expense associated with the 2008 Acquisitions and the 2009 Acquisitions.  Prior year deferred taxes mainly reflect the discrete adjustment recorded due to the change in German income tax rates, and current year deferred taxes mainly represent the valuation allowance recorded for the deferred tax assets of our subsidiary in Germany, both of which are non-cash transactions.  The prior year operating cash flows also included the $1,275 payment for the settlement of certain litigation.

Net cash used in investing activities was $26,609 as compared to $36,164 last year. Overall capital spending levels of $14,001 reflect the increase associated with the new China facility, as well as various capital projects for production equipment.  The prior year investing activity included the acquisitions of Intersema and Visyx for $23,386, and the cash flows associated with the acquisitions of Atexis and FGP in the current year combined were approximately $12,667.

 
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Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $7,513 for the year ended March 31, 2009, a decrease of $5,175 as compared to the $12,688 provided by financing activities last year.  Borrowings under the credit facility are generally for acquisitions, and last year’s acquisitions had a larger purchase price as compared to the current year acquisitions.  Additionally, the offsetting payments for repayments of debt were lower this year as compared to last year because the Company retained cash to fund operations in light of the economic downturn and since interest rates were relatively low.   Proceeds from exercise of options were lower than the prior year because fewer options were exercised due to the decrease in the Company’s stock price.

Long-Term Debt:  To support the financing of the acquisitions of YSI Temperature and BetaTHERM (See Note 5), effective April 1, 2006, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Amended and Restated Credit Facility”) with General Electric Capital Corporation (“GE”) which, among other things, increased the Company’s existing credit facility from $35,000 to $75,000, consisting of a $55,000 revolving credit facility and a $20,000 term loan, and lowered the applicable London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or Index Margin from 4.50% and 2.75%, respectively, to LIBOR and Index Margins of 2.75% and 1.0%, respectively. To support the financing of the acquisition of Intersema (See Note 5), the Company entered into an Amended Credit Agreement (“Amended Credit Facility”) with GE effective December 10, 2007 which, among other things, increased the Company’s existing revolving credit facility from $55,000 to $121,000 and lowered the applicable LIBOR or Index Margin from 2.75% and 1.0%, respectively, to LIBOR and Index Margins of 2.00% and 0.25%, respectively. Interest accrues on the principal amount of the borrowings at a rate based on either LIBOR plus a LIBOR margin, or at the election of the borrower, at an Index Rate (prime based rate) plus an Index Margin. The applicable margins may be adjusted quarterly based on a change in specified financial ratios. Borrowings under the line are subject to certain financial covenants and restrictions on indebtedness, dividend payments, financial guarantees, annual capital expenditures, and other related items. The availability of the revolving credit facility is not based on any borrowing base requirements, but borrowings are limited by certain financial covenants. The term portion of the Amended Credit Facility totaled $20,000 and the term loan portion of our credit facility was not changed with the Amended Credit Facility. The term loan is payable in $500 quarterly installments plus interest through March 1, 2011, with a final term payment of $10,500 and the revolver payable on April 3, 2011. The Company has provided a security interest in substantially all of the Company’s U.S. based assets as collateral for the Amended Credit Facility.

As of March 31, 2009, the Company utilized the LIBOR based rate for the term loan and $54,402 of the revolver credit facility with GE. The weighted average interest rate applicable to borrowings under the revolving credit facility was approximately 3.20% at March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009, the outstanding borrowings on the revolver, which is classified as long-term debt, were $71,407, and the Company had an additional $18,593 available under the revolving credit facility. The Company’s borrowing capacity is limited by financial covenant ratios, including earnings ratios, and as such, our borrowing capacity is subject to change.  At March 31, 2009, the Company could borrow an additional $18,593, after considering the impact of the changes to the credit facility noted in the following paragraph. Commitment fees on the unused balance were equal to 0.375% per annum of the average amount of unused balances.

On April 27, 2009, the Company entered into an amendment to the credit agreement with our lenders whereby the Company proactively negotiated certain temporary revisions to its debt covenant requirements, as a result of the decline in our sales and profitability resulting from the impact of the global recession.  The amendment provides the Company with additional flexibility under its minimum EBITDA covenant, total leverage ratio covenant, fixed charge ratio covenant and maximum capital expenditure covenant included in the Amended Credit Facility. Under the terms of the Amendment, the principal amount available under the Company’s revolver has been reduced from $121,000 to $90,000. The Amendment increased the interest rate by between 1.50% and 2.25%, with increases in the Index Margin and LIBOR Margin, which vary based on the Company’s debt to EBITDA leverage ratio, and also increased the commitment fee on the unused balance to 0.5% per annum.  Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company is prohibited from consummating any business acquisitions without lender approval during the covenant relief period, which ends March 31, 2010.  Management believes the Company will be in compliance with the revised debt covenants, but there can be no assurance that these reductions will be sufficient if the recession is longer or worse than we expect.  The Company is presently in compliance with applicable financial covenants at March 31, 2009.

 
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The Company’s debt covenant requirements for March 31, 2009 and the next four quarters are as follows:

   
Amended Financial Covenant Requirements
 
   
March 31,
2009
   
June 30, 2009
   
September 30,
2009
   
December 31,
2009
   
March 31,
2010
 
Minimum Proforma Earnings Before Income Taxes, Stock Option,  Depreciation, and Amortization ("PEBITSDA")
  $ 29,000     $ 21,400     $ 16,600     $ 19,100     $ 24,750  
                                         
Minimum Adjusted Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the last twelve months
    1.20       1.10       1.00       1.15       1.20  
                                         
Maximum Adjusted Capital Expenditures for the last twelve months
  $ 9,448     $ 7,829     $ 6,541     $ 7,978     $ 8,758  
                                         
Maximum Adjusted Total Leverage Ratio
    3.25       4.00       5.00       4.25       3.25  

PEBITSDA is the Company’s earnings before income taxes, stock options, depreciation and amortization for last twelve months, in addition to the last twelve months of PEBITSDA for acquisitions.  Adjusted fixed charge coverage ratio is PEBITSDA less adjusted capital expenditures divided by fixed charges.  Fixed charges are the last twelve months of interest, taxes paid, and the last twelve months of payments of long-term debt, notes payable and capital leases.  Adjusted capital expenditures represent purchases of plant, property and equipment during the last twelve months.  Total leverage ratio is total debt less cash maintained in U.S. bank accounts which are subject to blocked account agreements with lenders divided by the last twelve months of PEBITSDA.  All of the aforementioned financial covenants are subject to various adjustments, many of which are detailed in the Amended Credit Agreement and subsequent amendments to the credit agreement previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as other adjustments approved by the lender.  These adjustments include such items as excluding capital expenditures associated with the new China facility from capital expenditures, and adjustments to PEBITSDA for certain items such litigation settlement costs, severance costs and other items considered non-recurring in nature.

Promissory Notes:  In connection with the acquisition of Intersema, the Company issued Swiss franc denominated unsecured promissory notes (“Intersema Notes”) totaling 20,000 Swiss francs.   At March 31, 2009, the unpaid balance of the Intersema Notes totaled $6,528, of which $2,176 is classified as current. The Intersema Notes are payable in four equal annual installments, the first of which was paid in January 2009, and bear an interest rate of 4.5% per year.

LIQUIDITY:  Management assesses the Company’s liquidity in terms of available cash, our ability to generate cash and our ability to borrow to fund operating, investing and financing activities. The Company continues to generate cash from operating activities, and the Company remains in a positive financial position with availability under existing credit facilities.  The Company will continue to have cash requirements to support working capital needs, capital expenditures, earn-outs related to acquisitions, and to pay interest and service debt.  We believe the Company’s financial position, generation of cash and the existing credit facility, in addition to the potential to refinance or obtain additional financing will be sufficient to meet funding of day-to-day and material short and long-term commitments for the foreseeable future.

Management continues to monitor the financial markets and general global economic conditions.  The Company’s credit facility is spread among a group of lenders and management works closely with our lender group.  If further changes in financial markets or other areas of the economy adversely affect the Company, the Company would expect to rely on a combination of available cash and existing committed credit facilities to provide short-term funding. The Company’s credit facility and availability is subject to certain financial covenants, including a maximum adjusted leverage ratio (debt divided by adjusted EBITDA), minimum adjusted EBITDA, adjusted fixed charge ratio covenant and maximum adjusted capital expenditures.  At March 31, 2009, the Company was in compliance with the applicable financial covenants.  On April 27, 2009, the Company entered into an amendment to the credit agreement with our lenders whereby the Company proactively negotiated certain temporary improvements to its debt covenant requirements, as a result of the decline in our sales and profitability resulting from the impact of the global recession.  The Amendment will provide the Company with additional flexibility under its minimum EBITDA covenant, total leverage ratio covenant, fixed charge ratio covenant and maximum capital expenditure covenant included in the Amended Credit Facility. Under the terms of the Amendment, the principal amount available under the Company’s revolver has been reduced from $121,000 to $90,000. The Amendment increased the interest rate by between 1.50% and 2.25%, with increases in the Index Margin and LIBOR Margin, which vary based on the Company’s debt to EBITDA leverage ratio.  Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company is prohibited from consummating any business acquisitions without lender approval during the covenant relief period, which ends March 31, 2010.

At March 31, 2009, we had approximately $23,483 of available cash and $18,593 of borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility after considering the impact of the Amendment on borrowing capacity. This cash balance includes cash of $4,188 in China, which is subject to certain restrictions on the transfer to another country because of currency control regulations.  The Company’s cash balances are generated and held in numerous locations throughout the world, including substantial amounts held outside the United States. The Company utilizes a variety of tax planning and financing strategies in an effort to ensure that its worldwide cash is available in the locations in which it is needed. Wherever possible, cash management is centralized and intra-company financing is used to provide working capital to the Company’s operations. Most of the cash balances held outside the United States could be repatriated to the United States, but, under current law, would potentially be subject to United States federal income taxes, less applicable foreign tax credits. Repatriation of some foreign balances is restricted or prohibited by local laws. Where local restrictions prevent an efficient intra-company transfer of funds, the Company’s intent is that cash balances would remain in the foreign country and it would meet United States liquidity needs through ongoing cash flows, external borrowings, or both.

 
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ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:  Accumulated other comprehensive income primarily consists of foreign currency translation adjustments, which relate to the Company’s European and Asian operations and the effects of changes in the exchange rates of the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro, Chinese RMB, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese Yen and Swiss franc.

DIVIDENDS: We have not declared cash dividends on our common equity. Additionally, the payment of dividends is prohibited under our Amended Credit Facility. We intend to retain earnings to support our growth strategy and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
 
At present, there are no material restrictions on the ability of our Hong Kong and European subsidiaries to transfer funds to us in the form of cash dividends, loans, advances, or purchases of materials, products, or services. Chinese laws and regulations, including currency exchange controls, however, restrict distribution and repatriation of dividends by our China subsidiary.
 
SEASONALITY: As a whole, there is no material seasonality in our sales. However, general economic conditions have an impact on our business and financial results, and certain end-use markets experience certain seasonality. For example, European sales are often lower in summer months and OEM sales are often stronger immediately preceding and following the introduction of new products.
 
INFLATION:  We compete on the basis of product design, features, and value. Accordingly, our prices generally have kept pace with inflation, notwithstanding that inflation in the countries where our subsidiaries are located has been consistently higher than inflation in the United States. Increases in labor costs have not had a significant impact on our business because most of our employees are in China, where prevailing labor costs are low. However, we have experienced increases in materials costs, especially during the end of fiscal 2008 and during the first part of fiscal 2009, and as a result, we suffered a decline in margin during those periods.

OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS:  We do not have any financial partnerships with unconsolidated entities, such as entities often referred to as structured finance, special purpose entities or variable interest entities which are often established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. Accordingly, we are not exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had such relationships.

The Company has acquired and divested of certain assets, including the acquisition of businesses and the sale of the Consumer business. In connection with these acquisitions and divestitures, the Company often provides representations, warranties and/or indemnities to cover various risks and unknown liabilities, such as claims for damages arising out of the use of products or relating to intellectual property matters, commercial disputes, environmental matters or tax matters. The Company cannot estimate the potential liability from such representations, warranties and indemnities because they relate to unknown conditions. However, the Company does not believe that the liabilities relating to these representations, warranties and indemnities will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

The Company’s Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation requires it to indemnify to the full extent authorized or permitted by law any person made, or threatened to be made a party to any action or proceeding by reason of his or her service as a director, officer or employee of the Company, or by reason of serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer or employee of any other entity, subject to limited exceptions. The Company’s Amended and Restated By-laws provide for similar indemnification rights. In addition, the Company intends to execute with each of its directors and executive officers an indemnification agreement with the Company which will provide for substantially similar indemnification rights and under which the Company will agree to pay expenses in advance of the final disposition of any such indemnifiable proceeding. While the Company maintains insurance for this type of liability, a significant deductible applies to this coverage and any such liability could exceed the amount of the insurance coverage.
 
AGGREGATE CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS:  As of March 31, 2009, the Company’s contractual obligations, including payments due by period, are as follows:

Contractual Obligations:
 
Payment due by period
 
   
Total
   
1 year
   
2-3 years
   
4-5 years
   
> 5years
 
Long-term debt obligations
  $ 93,060     $ 4,532     $ 88,511     $ 17     $  
Interest obligation on long-term debt
    15,280       5,351       9,928       1        
Capital lease obligations
    1,047       797       246       4        
Operating lease obligations *
    23,698       3,908       5,260       4,724       9,806  
Other long-term obligations**
    483       355       128              
Total
  $ 133,568     $ 14,943     $ 104,073     $ 4,746     $ 9,806  

 
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* Operating lease obligations are not reduced for annual sublease rentals of approximately $150.
**Other long-term obligations on the Company’s balance sheet under GAAP primarily consist of obligations under warranty polices and tax liabilities, but excludes earn-out contingencies associated with acquisitions since the satisfaction of the contingencies is not determinable or achieved at March 31, 2009. The timing of cash flows associated with these obligations is based upon management’s estimate over the terms of these arrangements and are largely based on historical experience.

The above contractual obligation table excludes certain contractual obligations, including earn-outs related to acquisitions or possible severance payments to certain executives, since these contractual commitments are not accrued as liabilities at March 31, 2009.  These contractual obligations are accrued as liabilities when the respective contingencies are determinable or achieved.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
The Company is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity and credit risk, which could impact its results of operations and financial condition. The Company attempts to address its exposure to these risks through its normal operating and financing activities. In addition, the Company’s broad-based business activities help to reduce the impact that volatility in any particular area or related areas may have on its operating earnings as a whole.

Interest Rate Risk:  Under our term and revolving credit facilities, we are exposed to a certain level of interest rate risk. Interest on the principal amount of our borrowings under our revolving credit facility and term loan accrue at a rate based on either a LIBOR rate plus a LIBOR margin or at an Indexed (prime based) Rate plus an Index Margin. The LIBOR or Index Rate is at our election. Our results will be adversely affected by any increase in interest rates. For example, based on the $85,407 of total debt outstanding under these facilities at March 31, 2009, an annual interest rate increase of 100 basis points would increase interest expense and decrease our pre-tax profitability by $854. We do not currently hedge this interest rate exposure.

Commodity Risk:  The Company uses a wide range of commodities in our products, including steel, non-ferrous metals and petroleum based products, as well as other commodities required for the manufacture of our sensor products.  Changes in the pricing of commodities directly affect our results of operations and financial condition.  We attempt to pass increases in commodity costs to our customers, and we do not currently hedge such commodity price exposures.

Credit Risk:  Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and temporary investments, foreign currency forward contracts and trade accounts receivable. The Company is exposed to credit losses in the event of nonperformance by counter parties to its financial instruments. The Company places cash and temporary investments with various high-quality financial institutions throughout the world, and exposure is limited at any one institution. Although the Company does not obtain collateral or other security to secure these obligations, it does periodically monitor the third-party depository institutions that hold our cash and cash equivalents. Our emphasis is primarily on safety and liquidity of principal and secondarily on maximizing yield on those funds. In addition, concentrations of credit risk arising from trade accounts receivable are limited due to the diversity of the Company’s customers. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions and the Company does not obtain collateral, insurance or other security.  Notwithstanding these efforts, the current distress in the global economy may increase the difficulty in collecting accounts receivable.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk:  Foreign currency exchange rate risk arises from the Company’s investments in subsidiaries owned and operated in foreign countries, as well as from transactions with customers in countries outside the United States. The effect of a change in currency exchange rates on the Company’s net investment in international subsidiaries is reflected in the “accumulated other comprehensive income” component of stockholders’ equity. A 10% appreciation in major currencies relative to the U.S. dollar at March 31, 2009 would result in a reduction of stockholders’ equity of approximately $10,328 .

Although the Company has a U.S. dollar functional currency for reporting purposes, it has manufacturing sites throughout the world and a large portion of its sales are generated in foreign currencies. A substantial portion of our revenues are priced in U.S. dollars, and most of our costs and expenses are priced in U.S. dollars, with the remaining priced in Chinese renminbi, Euros, Swiss francs and Japanese yen. Sales by subsidiaries operating outside of the United States are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates effective during the respective period. As a result, the Company is exposed to movements in the exchange rates of various currencies against the United States dollar. Accordingly, the competitiveness of our products relative to products produced locally (in foreign markets) may be affected by the performance of the U.S. dollar compared with that of our foreign customers’ currencies. Refer to Item 1, Business, Foreign Operations for details concerning annual net sales invoiced from our facilities within the U.S. and outside of the U.S. and as a percentage of total net sales for the last three years, as well as net assets and the related functional currencies.  Therefore, both positive and negative movements in currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar will continue to affect the reported amount of sales, profit, and assets and liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
The renminbi has appreciated by 2.5%, 9.0% and 4.0% during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Chinese government no longer pegs the renminbi to the US dollar, but established a currency policy letting the renminbi trade in a narrow band against a basket of currencies. The Company has more expenses in renminbi than sales (i.e., short renminbi position), and as such, when the U.S. dollar weakens relative to the renminbi, our operating profits decrease. Based on our net exposure of renminbi to U.S. dollars for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 and forecast information for fiscal 2010, we estimate a negative operating income impact of approximately $183 for every 1% appreciation in renminbi against the U.S. dollar (assuming no price increases passed to customers, and no associated cost increases or currency hedging). We continue to consider various alternatives to hedge this exposure, and we are attempting to manage this exposure through, among other things, forward purchase contracts, pricing and monitoring balance sheet exposures for payables and receivables.

 
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Fluctuations in the value of the Hong Kong dollar have not been significant since October 17, 1983, when the Hong Kong government tied the value of the Hong Kong dollar to that of the U.S. dollar. However, there can be no assurance that the value of the Hong Kong dollar will continue to be tied to that of the U.S. dollar.

The Company’s French and Germany subsidiaries have more sales in Euro than expenses in Euro and the Company’s Swiss subsidiary has more expenses in Swiss franc than sales, and as such, if the U.S. dollar weakens relative to the Euro and Swiss franc, our operating profits increase in France and Germany but decline in Switzerland. Based on the net exposures of Euros and Swiss francs to the U.S. dollars for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, we estimate a negative operating income impact of $55 in Euros and a positive income impact of less than $1 for every 1% appreciation in the Euro and Swiss franc, respectively, relative to the U.S. dollar (assuming no price increases passed to customers, and associated cost increases or currency hedging).
 
The Company has a number of foreign currency exchange contracts in Europe and Asia in an attempt to hedge the Company’s exposure to the Euro and RMB. The Euro/U.S. dollar, RMB/U.S. dollar and Japanese Yen/Euro currency contracts have gross notional amounts totaling $3,375, $10,000, and $1,365, respectively, with exercise dates through August 31, 2009 at an average exchange rate of $1.36 (Euro to U.S. dollar conversion rate), $0.148 (RMB to U.S. dollar conversion rate) and 116 Yen (Euro to Japanese Yen).  Since these derivatives are not designated as hedges under SFAS No. 133, changes in their fair value are recorded in earnings, not in other comprehensive income.  The fair value of our RMB currency contracts and our results of operations will be adversely affected by a decrease in value of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar. For example, based on the $10,000 notional amount of these contracts outstanding at March 31, 2009 and current pricing of forward exchange rates of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar, a 1% depreciation of the RMB would increase foreign currency expense and decrease our pre tax profitability by $100.
 
To manage our exposure to potential foreign currency transaction and translation risks, we may purchase additional foreign currency exchange forward contracts, currency options, or other derivative instruments, provided such instruments may be obtained at suitable prices.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
 
The financial statements and supplementary data are listed below in Item 15: Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and are filed with this report.
 
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
 
None. 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
(a) EFFECTIVENESS OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer with the participation of management evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2009. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13(a)-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2009, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 
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(b) MANAGEMENT’S ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
 
The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:

·
Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;
 
·
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
 
·
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
Management’s assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting excluded the evaluation of internal controls for the Company’s joint venture in Japan, Nikisso-THERM (“NT”), and the Company’s recent acquisitions of RIT SARL (“Atexis”) and FGP Instrumentation, GS Sensors and ALS (collectively “FGP”) during 2009. NT is an entity consolidated pursuant to FIN 46R. The Company does not have the ability to dictate or modify the controls of NT, and the Company does not have the ability, in practice, to assess those controls. At March 31, 2009, NT represented $5,525 and $4,090 in total assets and net sales, respectively. At March 31, 2009, Atexis and FGP represented $11,465 in total assets, excluding goodwill and intangible assets resulting from these recent acquisitions and $3,215 in net sales.
 
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2009. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework.  Based on this assessment, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2009.

KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting as of March 31, 2009, as stated in their report which appears below and under Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(c) ATTESTATION REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Measurement Specialties, Inc.:

We have audited Measurement Specialties, Inc.’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission.  Measurement Specialties, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting (Item 9A(b)). Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 
42

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Measurement Specialties, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

Management’s assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting excluded the evaluation of internal controls for the Company’s joint venture in Japan, Nikisso-THERM (“NT”), and the Company’s recent acquisitions of RIT SARL (“Atexis”) and FGP Instrumentation, GS Sensors and ALS (collectively “FGP”) during 2009. NT is an entity consolidated pursuant to FIN 46R. The Company does not have the ability to dictate or modify the controls of NT, and the Company does not have the ability, in practice, to assess those controls. At March 31, 2009, NT represented $5,525 in total assets and $4,090 in net sales.  At March 31, 2009, Atexis and FGP represented $11,465 in total assets, excluding goodwill and intangible assets resulting from these acquisitions, and $3,215 in net sales.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Measurement Specialties, Inc. and subsidiaries as of March 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2009, and our report dated June 10, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Norfolk, Virginia
June 10, 2009

 (d) CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13(a)-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Management continues to implement internal controls in the integration process with respect to the Company’s acquisitions of Atexis and FGP.
 
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
 
None.
 
PART III
 
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
 
Apart from certain information concerning our Code of Conduct which is set forth below, other information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the applicable information in the proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders to be held on or about September 15, 2009, including the information set forth under the captions “Election of Directors”, “Committees of the Board of Directors”, and “Executive Officers”, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.
 
We have a Code of Conduct that applies to all of our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. The Code of Conduct is available to shareholders at our website, www.meas-spec.com. The Company will promptly post on its website any amendment to the Code of Conduct or a waiver of a provision thereunder, rather than filing with the SEC any such amendment or waiver as part of a Current Report on Form 8-K.
 
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
 
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the applicable information in the proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders to be held on or about September 15, 2009, including the information set forth under the captions “Executive Compensation” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation”, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.

 
43

 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
 
The following table provides information with respect to the equity securities that are authorized for issuance under our compensation plans as of March 31, 2009:
 
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
 
For the Year Ended March 31, 2009:

   
NUMBER OF
SECURITIES TO BE
ISSUED UPON
EXERCISE OF
OUTSTANDING
OPTIONS,
WARRANTS AND
RIGHTS
   
WEIGHTED-
AVERAGE EXERCISE
PRICE OF
OUTSTANDING
OPTIONS,
WARRANTS AND
RIGHTS
   
NUMBER OF SHARES
REMAINING FOR
FUTURE ISSUANCE
UNDER EQUITY
COMPENSATION PLANS
(EXCLUDING
SECURITIES
REFLECTED IN
COLUMN(A))
 
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS
                 
APPROVED BY SECURITY HOLDERS
    2,497,062     $ 19.07       874,012  
                         
EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
    7,470       4.09       231,693  
                         
      2,504,532     $ 19.03       1,105,705  

The other information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the applicable information in the proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders to be held on or about September 15, 2009, including the information set forth under the caption “Beneficial Ownership of Measurement Specialties Common Stock.”
 
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
 
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the applicable information in the proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders to be held on or about September 15, 2009, including the information set forth under the captions “Executive Agreements and Related Transactions”, “Committees of the Board of Directors” and “Election of Directors” which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.
 
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
 
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the applicable information in the proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders to be held on or about September 15, 2009, including the information set forth under the caption “Fees Paid to Our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009.
 
PART IV
 
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
 
(a)   The following consolidated financial statements and schedules are filed at the end of this report, beginning on page F-l. Other schedules are omitted because they are not required or are not applicable or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(b)   See Exhibit Index following this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 
44

 

DOCUMENT
 
PAGES
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended
   
March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007
 
F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2009 and 2008
 
F-3 to F-4
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended
   
March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007
 
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended
   
March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007
 
F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
F-7
Schedule II -Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the Years
   
Ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007
 
S-1
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC.
 
By: 
/s/ FRANK GUIDONE
 
Frank Guidone
Chief Executive Officer
Date: June 10, 2009
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
 
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
         
/s/ Frank Guidone
 
President, Chief Executive Officer and
 
June 10, 2009
Frank Guidone
 
Director (Principal Executive Officer)
   
         
/s/ Mark Thomson
 
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial
 
June 10, 2009
Mark Thomson
 
Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
   
         
/s/ Morton L. Topfer
 
Chairman of the Board
 
June 10, 2009
Morton L. Topfer
       
         
/s/ John D. Arnold
 
Director
 
June 10, 2009
John D. Arnold
       
         
/s/ Satish Rishi
 
Director
 
June 10, 2009
Satish Rishi
       
         
/s/ R. Barry Uber
 
Director
 
June 10, 2009
R. Barry Uber
       
         
/s/ Kenneth E. Thompson
 
Director
 
June 10, 2009
Kenneth E. Thompson
       

 
45

 

EXHIBIT INDEX
 
EXHIBIT INDEX
 
NUMBER
 
DESCRIPTION
     
3.1#
 
Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Measurement Specialties, Inc.
     
3.2##
 
Bylaws of Measurement Specialties, Inc.
     
4.1###
 
Specimen Certificate for shares of common stock of Measurement Specialties, Inc.
     
10.1####
 
Measurement Specialties, Inc. 2006 Stock Option Plan
     
10.2####
 
Measurement Specialties, Inc. 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
     
10.3#*
 
Measurement Specialties, Inc. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan
     
10.4*
 
Measurement Specialties, Inc. 1998 Stock Option Plan
     
10.5**
 
Measurement Specialties, Inc. 2003 Stock Option Plan
     
10.6##
 
Lease dated August 4, 2000 between Kelsey-Hayes Company and Measurement Specialties, Inc. for property in Hampton, Virginia
     
10.7##
 
First Amendment dated February 1, 2001 to Lease between Kelsey-Hayes Company and Measurement Specialties, Inc. for property in Hampton, Virginia
     
10.8##
 
Lease Agreement dated May 20, 1986 between Semex, Inc. and Pennwalt Corporation and all amendments for property in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania
     
10.9##
 
Lease Agreement dated January 10, 1986 between Creekside Industrial Associates and I.C. Sensors and all amendments for property in Milpitas, California
     
10.10##
 
Lease Agreements for property in Shenzhen, China
     
10.11####
 
Agreement of Lease, commencing October 1, 2002, between Liberty Property Limited Partnership and Measurement Specialties, Inc.
     
10.12####
 
Sublease Agreement, dated August 1, 2002, between Quicksil, Inc. and Measurement Specialties, Inc.
     
10.13***
 
Share Purchase and Transfer Agreement dated November 30, 2005 by and among the Sellers and MWS Sensorik GmbH
     
10.14 ***
 
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of the Entire Issued Share Capital of Measurement Ltd. by and between Fervent Group Limited and Kenabell Holding Limited
     
10.15*****
 
Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated April 3, 2006 by and between Measurement Specialties, Inc. and YSI Incorporated
     
10.16*****
 
Agreement for the purchase of the entire issued share capital of BetaTHERM Group Ltd. dated April 3, 2006 by and among the parties Named in the First Schedule thereto and Measurement Specialties, Inc.
     
 10.17*****
 
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated April 3, 2006 by and among Measurement Specialties, Inc., the US Credit Parties signatory thereto, Wachovia Bank, National Association, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A, and General Electric Capital Corporation

 
46

 

10.18######
 
Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement dated November 6, 2007 by and between Measurement Specialties, Inc. and Frank Guidone
     
10.19******
 
Employment Agreement dated March 13, 2007 by and between Measurement Specialties, Inc. and Mark Thomson
     
10.20######
 
Agreement for the purchase of entire share capital of Intersema Microsystems SA dated December 28, 2007 by and among Measurement Specialties, Inc., Mr. Manfred Knutel and Mr. Hans Peter Salvisberg
 
10.21****
 
 
Fourth Amendment and Waiver to Credit Agreement dated December 10, 2007 by and among Measurement Specialties, Inc., the US Credit Parties signatory thereto, Wachovia Bank, National Association, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A, Bank of America, N.A., Royal Bank of Canada, and General Electric Capital Corporation
 
10.22#**
 
Fifth Amendment and Waiver to Credit Agreement dated October 24, 2008 by and among Measurement Specialties, Inc., the US Credit Parties signatory thereto, Wachovia Bank, National Association, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A, Bank of America, N.A., Royal Bank of Canada, and General Electric Capital Corporation
     
10.23#**
 
Sixth Amendment and Waiver to Credit Agreement dated January 29, 2009 by and among Measurement Specialties, Inc., the US Credit Parties signatory thereto, Wachovia Bank, National Association, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A, Bank of America, N.A., Royal Bank of Canada, and General Electric Capital Corporation
     
10.24##**
 
Seventh Amendment and Waiver to Credit Agreement dated April 27, 2009 by and among Measurement Specialties, Inc., the US Credit Parties signatory thereto, Wachovia Bank, National Association, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A, Bank of America, N.A., Royal Bank of Canada, and General Electric Capital Corporation
     
21.1
 
Subsidiaries
     
23.1
 
Consent of KPMG LLP
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
32.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
#
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 7, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference.
     
##
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on July 5, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference.
     
###
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-57928) and incorporated herein by reference.
     
####
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on October 29, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference.
     
#####
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-137650) and incorporated herein by reference.
     
######
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on February 6, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference.
     
#*
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders filed on July 29, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference

 
47

 

#**
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on February 4, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference
     
##**
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference
     
*
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders filed on August 18, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference.
     
**
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders filed on July 29, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference.
     
***
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Quarterly Repost on Form 10-Q filed on February 9, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference.
 
****
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference.
     
*****
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 6, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference.
     
******
 
Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on June 12, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference.

 
48

 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Measurement Specialties, Inc.:
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Measurement Specialties, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of March 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2009. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited financial statement schedule II. These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Measurement Specialties, Inc. and subsidiaries as of March 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2009, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
 
As discussed in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, Measurement Specialties, Inc. adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, effective April 1, 2007.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Measurement Specialties, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated June 10, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of Measurement Specialties, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
/s/ KPMG LLP
 
Norfolk, Virginia
June 10, 2009

 
F-1

 
 
MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS  
 
   
Years Ended March 31,
 
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Net sales
  $ 203,943     $ 228,383     $ 200,250  
Cost of goods sold
    118,333       133,022       112,803  
       Gross profit
    85,610       95,361       87,447  
Selling, general, and administrative expenses
    72,108       67,480       64,972  
       Operating income
    13,502       27,881       22,475  
Interest expense, net
    3,081       4,536       6,106  
Foreign currency exchange loss
    771       618       767  
Other income
    (253 )     (80 )     (6 )
Income from continuing operations before minority interest and income taxes
    9,903       22,807       15,608  
    Minority interest, net of income taxes
    388       364       524  
    Income tax expense from continuing operations
    4,236       6,001       3,127  
Income from continuing operations
    5,279       16,442       11,957  
Discontinued operations:
                       
   Income from discontinued operations before income taxes
                115  
   Income tax benefit from discontinued operations
                (6 )
     Income from discontinued operations
                121  
     Gain on disposition of discontinued operations, net of income taxes
                2,156  
   Income from discontinued operations
                2,277  
Net income
  $ 5,279     $ 16,442     $ 14,234  
                         
Net income per common share - Basic:
                       
   Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.36     $ 1.14     $ 0.85  
   Income from discontinued operations
                0.01  
   Gain on disposition of discontinued operations, net of income taxes
                0.15  
Net income per common share - Basic
  $ 0.36     $ 1.14     $ 1.01  
                         
Net income per common share - Diluted:
                       
   Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.36     $ 1.13     $ 0.83  
   Income from discontinued operations
                0.01  
   Gain on disposition of discontinued operations, net of income taxes
                0.15  
Net income per common share - Diluted
  $ 0.36     $ 1.13     $ 0.99  
                         
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic
    14,465       14,360       14,156  
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted
    14,575       14,510       14,423  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
F-2

 

MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands)
 
March 31, 2009
   
March 31, 2008
 
             
ASSETS
           
             
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 23,483     $ 21,565  
Accounts receivable trade, net of allowance for
               
doubtful accounts of $898 and $696, respectively
    28,830       39,919  
Inventories, net
    45,384       40,286  
Deferred income taxes, net
    2,067       4,299  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    3,968       3,760  
Other receivables
    458       1,270  
Due from joint venture partner
    1,824       2,155  
Promissory note receivable
    283       809  
Total current assets
    106,297       114,063  
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net
    46,875       40,715  
Goodwill
    99,176       95,710  
Acquired intangible assets, net
    27,478       31,766  
Deferred income taxes, net
    2,985       1,769  
Other assets
    1,319       1,592  
Total assets
  $ 284,130     $ 285,615  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
F-3

 

MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands, except share amounts)
 
March 31, 2009
   
March 31, 2008
 
             
LIABILITIES, MINORITY INTEREST  AND  SHAREHOLDERS'  EQUITY
           
             
Current liabilities:
           
  Current portion of promissory notes payable
  $ 2,176     $ 2,511  
  Current portion of long-term debt
    2,356       3,157  
  Current portion of capital lease obligations
    797       822  
  Accounts payable
    15,381       23,523  
  Accrued expenses
    3,041       3,634  
  Accrued compensation
    5,656       7,067  
  Income taxes payable
    1,838       751  
  Other current liabilities
    3,394       3,510  
    Total current liabilities
    34,639       44,975  
                 
 Revolver
    71,407       58,206  
 Promissory notes payable, net of current portion
    4,352       7,535  
 Long-term debt, net of current portion
    12,769       15,309  
 Capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    250       781  
 Other liabilities
    1,085       1,067  
    Total liabilities
    124,502       127,873  
                 
 Minority interest
    2,352       1,953  
                 
Shareholders' equity:
               
  Serial preferred stock; 221,756 shares authorized; none outstanding
           
  Common stock, no par; 25,000,000 shares authorized; 14,483,622
               
    and 14,440,848 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
           
  Additional paid-in capital
    81,948       78,720  
  Retained earnings
    67,218       61,939  
  Accumulated other comprehensive income
    8,110       15,130  
           Total shareholders' equity
    157,276       155,789  
Total liabilities, minority interest and shareholders' equity
  $ 284,130     $ 285,615  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
F-4

 

MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007

                     
Accumulated
             
         
Additional
         
Other
             
   
Shares of Common
   
paid-in
   
Retained
   
Comprehensive
         
Comprehensive
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Stock
   
capital
   
Earnings
   
Income (loss)
   
Total
   
Income (Loss)
 
Balance,  March 31, 2006
    13,970,033     $ 66,371     $ 31,263     $ (2,137 )   $ 95,497        
Comprehensive income:
                                     
Net income
                  14,234             14,234     $ 14,234  
Currency translation adjustment, net of income taxes of $188
                        3,878       3,878       3,878  
Comprehensive income
                                          $ 18,112  
Non-cash equity based compensation (SFAS 123R)
            2,887                   2,887          
Issuance of common stock for acquisition of BetaTherm
    43,331       1,000                   1,000          
Amounts from exercise of stock options
    267,000       1,865                   1,865          
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options
            1,276                   1,276          
Balance,  March 31, 2007
    14,280,364     $ 73,399     $ 45,497     $ 1,741     $ 120,637          
                                                 
Comprehensive income:
                                               
Net income
                  16,442             16,442     $ 16,442  
Currency translation adjustment, net of income taxes of $77
                        13,389       13,389       13,389  
Comprehensive income
                                          $ 29,831  
Non-cash equity based compensation (SFAS 123R)
            3,397                   3,397          
Amounts from exercise of stock options
    160,484       1,664                   1,664          
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options
            260                   260          
Balance,  March 31, 2008
    14,440,848     $ 78,720     $ 61,939     $ 15,130     $ 155,789          
                                                 
Comprehensive income:
                                               
Net income
                  5,279             5,279     $ 5,279  
Currency translation adjustment, net of income taxes of $281
                        (7,020 )     (7,020 )     (7,020 )
Comprehensive income (loss)
                                          $ (1,741 )
Non-cash equity based compensation (SFAS 123R)
            2,942                   2,942          
Amounts from exercise of stock options
    42,774       276                   276          
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options
            10                   10          
Balance, March 31, 2009
    14,483,622     $ 81,948     $ 67,218     $ 8,110     $ 157,276          

 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
F-5

 

MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

   
Years ended March 31,
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
                   
Cash flows from operating activities:
                 
Net income
  $ 5,279     $ 16,442     $ 14,234  
Less:  Income from discontinued operations - Consumer
                121  
Less:  Gain on sale of discontinued operations - Consumer
                2,156  
Income from continuing operations
    5,279       16,442       11,957  
                         
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
                       
provided by operating activities from continuing operations:
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    13,210       9,905       9,668  
Loss (gain) on sale of assets
    94       94       (80 )
Minority interest
    388       364       524  
Non-cash equity based compensation (SFAS 123R)
    2,942       3,397       2,887  
Unrealized foreign currency exchange gain (loss)
    90       (1,088 )      
Deferred income taxes
    768       3,307       (573 )
Research tax credits
    974       714       492  
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts receivable, trade
    13,217       (1,165 )     (8,522 )
Inventories
    (2,516 )     3,670       (6,901 )
Prepaid expenses, other current assets and other receivables
    654       (516 )     1,160  
Other assets
    354       (579 )     (1,464 )
Accounts payable
    (10,481 )     3,950       2,772  
Accrued expenses, accrued compensation, other current and other liabilities
    (4,487 )     (1,837 )     443  
Accrued litigation settlement expenses
          (1,275 )     1,275  
Income taxes payable
    1,546       (2,148 )     336  
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations
    22,032       33,235       13,974  
Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations:
                       
Purchases of property and equipment
    (14,001 )     (12,818 )     (7,305 )
Proceeds from sale of assets
    59       40       188  
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired
    (12,667 )     (23,386 )     (45,885 )
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations
    (26,609 )     (36,164 )     (53,002 )
Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations:
                       
Borrowings of long-term debt
                20,000  
Repayments of long-term debt
    (3,017 )     (2,675 )     (19,576 )
Borrowings of short-term debt, revolver and notes payable
    17,196       46,457       59,587  
Repayments of short-term debt, revolver, captial leases and notes payable
    (6,952 )     (30,802 )     (25,850 )
Sale lease-back financing transaction
                1,917  
Deferred acquisition payments
          (1,973 )     (4,052 )
Minority interest payments
          (243 )     (145 )
Tax benefit on exercise of stock options
    10       260       1,276  
Proceeds from exercise of options and employee stock purchase plan
    276       1,664       1,865  
Net cash provided by financing activities from continuing operations
    7,513       12,688       35,022  
                         
Net cash used in operating activities of  discontinued operations
                (62 )
Net cash provided by investing activities of discontinued operations
    540       2,507       2,276  
Net cash provided by discontinued operations
    540       2,507       2,214  
                         
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
    3,476       12,266       (1,792 )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
    (1,558 )     1,590       335  
Cash, beginning of year
    21,565       7,709       9,166  
Cash, end of period
  $ 23,483     $ 21,565     $ 7,709  
                         
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                       
Cash paid during the period for:
                       
  Interest
  $ (3,104 )   $ (4,698 )   $ (6,088 )
  Income taxes
    (2,381 )     (6,896 )     (827 )
Non-cash investing and financing transactions:
                       
   Deferred acquisition obligation
                1,787  
   Promissory note payable from acquisition
          10,046        
   Promissory note receivable from earn-out on sale of discontinued operations
                2,156  
   Issuance of stock in connection with acquisition
                1,000  
   Earn-out in connection with acquisition
                933  
   Capital additions in other current liabilities
          1,173        

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
F-6

 

MEASUREMENT SPECIALTIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2009 and 2008
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS:
 
Measurement Specialties, Inc. is a leader in the design, development and manufacture of sensors and sensor-based systems for original equipment manufacturers and end users, based on a broad portfolio of proprietary technology. The Company is a multi-national corporation with twelve primary manufacturing facilities strategically located in the United States, China, France, Ireland, Germany and Switzerland, enabling the Company to produce and market world-wide a broad range of sensors that use advanced technologies to measure precise ranges of physical characteristics. These sensors are used for automotive, medical, consumer, military/aerospace, and industrial applications. The Company’s sensor products include pressure sensors and transducers, linear/rotary position sensors, piezoelectric polymer film sensors, custom microstructures, load cells, accelerometers, optical sensors, humidity and temperature sensors. The Company's advanced technologies include piezo-resistive silicon sensors, application-specific integrated circuits, micro-electromechanical systems (“MEMS”), piezoelectric polymers, foil strain gauges, force balance systems, fluid capacitive devices, linear and rotational variable differential transformers, electromagnetic displacement sensors, hygroscopic capacitive sensors, ultrasonic sensors, optical sensors, negative thermal coefficient (“NTC”) ceramic sensors and mechanical resonators.

As more fully described below in Note 6, the Company sold the Consumer business during the quarter ended December 31, 2005. As a result, assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows of the Consumer business have been presented as discontinued operations for the periods presented. The Consumer Products segment designed and manufactured sensor-based consumer products, primarily as an original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”), that were sold to retailers and distributors in the United States and Europe. Consumer products included bathroom and kitchen scales, tire pressure gauges and distance estimators. Except as otherwise noted, the descriptions of our business and results of operations contained in this report reflect only our continuing operations.
 
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
 
(a) Principles of Consolidation:
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the ‘Subsidiaries’) and its joint venture in Japan. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 46R (“FIN 46R”) (revised December 2003), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, the Company consolidates its joint venture in Japan, its one variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company has made the following acquisitions which are included in the consolidated financial statements as of the effective date of acquisition (See Note 5):
 
Acquired Company
 
Effective Date of Acquisition
 
Country
Elekon Industries U.S.A., Inc. (‘Elekon’)
 
June 24, 2004
 
U.S.A.
Entran Devices, Inc. and Entran SA (‘Entran’)
 
July 16, 2004
 
U.S.A. and France
Encoder Devices, LLC (‘Encoder’)
 
July 16, 2004
 
U.S.A.
Humirel, SA (‘Humirel’)
 
December 1, 2004
 
France
MWS Sensorik GmbH (‘MWS’)
 
January 1, 2005
 
Germany
Polaron Components Ltd (‘Polaron’)
 
February 1, 2005
 
United Kingdom
HL Planartechnik GmbH (‘HLP’)
 
November 30, 2005
 
Germany
Assistance Technique Experimentale (‘ATEX’)
 
January 19, 2006
 
France
YSIS Incorporated (‘YSI Temperature’)
 
April 1, 2006
 
U.S.A. and Japan
BetaTherm Group Ltd. (‘BetaTherm’)
 
April 1, 2006
 
Ireland and U.S.A.
Visyx Technologies, Inc. (‘Visyx’)
 
November 20, 2007
 
U.S.A.
Intersema Microsystems SA (‘Intersema’)
 
December 28, 2007
 
Switzerland
R.I.T. SARL (“Atexis”)
 
January 30, 2009
 
France and China
FGP Instrumentation and related companies GS Sensors, and ALS (collectively, “FGP”)
 
January 30, 2009
 
France
 
 
F-7

 

The above companies, except for Encoder, Polaron and Visyx, which were asset purchases, became direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company, upon consummation of their respective acquisitions.

With the purchase of YSI Temperature, the Company acquired a 50 percent ownership interest in Nikisso-THERM (“NT”), a joint venture in Japan. This joint venture is included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the years ended March 31, 2009 and 2008. Net sales of the consolidated VIE for the years ended March, 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 totaled $4,090, $3,674, and $4,923, respectively. Net income of the consolidated VIE for the years ended March, 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 totaled $776, $728, and $1,048, respectively. Minority interest for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 is net of income taxes of $295, $240, and $361, respectively.

In accordance with the disclosure requirements of FASB Staff Position (FSP) SFAS No. 140-4 and FIN 46R-8, Disclosures by Public Entities about Transfers of Financial Assets and Interest in Variable Interest Entities, the nature of the Company’s involvement with N-T is not as a sponsor of a qualifying special purpose entity (SPE) for the transfer of financial assets.  N-T is a self-sustaining manufacturer and distributor of temperature based sensor systems in Asian markets.  The assets of N-T are for the operations of the joint venture and the VIE relationship does not expose the Company to risks not considered normal business risks.  The carrying amount and classification of the variable interest entity’s assets and liabilities in the consolidated statement of financial position that are consolidated in accordance with Interpretation 46R are as follows at March 31, 2009 and 2008:

   
March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Assets:
           
Cash
  $ 1,206     $ 63  
Accounts receivable
    1,176       1,228  
Inventory
    660       600  
Other assets
    456       425  
Due from joint venture partner
    1,824       2,155  
Property and equipment
    203       242  
      5,525       4,713  
                 
Liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
    (194 )     (271 )
Accrued expenses
    (195 )     (214 )
Income tax payable
    (276 )     (301 )
Other liabilities
    (156 )     (140 )
    $ (821 )   $ (926 )

(b) Reclassifications:

The presentation of certain prior year information in the statements of cash flows for adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities previously presented for the provision for doubtful accounts, provision for inventory reserve and provision for warranty have been reclassified to accounts receivable trade, inventories and accrued expenses, respectively, to conform with current year presentation. The presentation of certain prior year information in the statements of cash flows for accounts payable have been reclassified to research tax credits to conform with current year presentation.

(c) Use of Estimates:
 
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, requires management to make estimates and assumptions which affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the useful lives of fixed assets, carrying amount and analysis of recoverability of property, plant and equipment, acquired intangibles, goodwill, deferred tax assets, valuation allowances for receivables, inventories, income tax uncertainties and other contingencies, and stock based compensation. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 (d) Cash and Cash Equivalents:
 
The Company considers highly liquid investments with original maturities of up to three months, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. At March 31, 2009 and 2008, approximately $4,188 and $4,726, respectively, of the Company’s cash balances were maintained in China, which are subject to certain restrictions and are not freely transferable to another country without adverse tax consequences because of exchange control regulations, but can be used without such restrictions for general business purposes in China.

 
F-8

 
 
(e) Accounts Receivable:
 
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The majority of the Company’s accounts receivable is due from manufacturers of electronic, automotive, military, medical and industrial products. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of a customers’ financial condition and, generally, collateral is not required. Accounts receivable are generally due within 30 to 90 days and are stated at amounts due from customers net of allowances for doubtful accounts and other sales allowances. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses inherent in accounts receivable. Accounts receivable outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. Amounts collected on trade accounts receivable are included in net cash provided by operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. The Company determines its allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due based on contractual terms, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly. Actual uncollectible accounts could exceed the Company’s estimates and changes to its estimates will be accounted for in the period of change. Account balances are charged against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
 
(f) Inventories:
 
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market (‘LCM’) using the first-in first-out method. In evaluating LCM, management also considers, if applicable, other factors as well, including known trends, market conditions, currency exchange rates and other such issues. If the utility of goods is impaired by damage, deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price levels or other causes, a loss shall be charged as cost of sales in the period which it occurs.
 
The Company makes purchasing decisions principally based upon firm sales orders from customers, the availability and pricing of raw materials and projected customer requirements. Future events that could adversely affect these decisions and result in significant charges to our operations include slowdown in customer demand, customer delay in the issuance of sales orders, miscalculation of customer requirements, technology changes that render raw materials and finished goods obsolete, loss of customers and/or cancellation of sales orders. The Company establishes reserves for its inventories to recognize estimated obsolescence and unusable items on a continual basis.
 
Generally, products that have existed in inventory for 12 months with no usage and that have no current demand or no expected demand, will be considered obsolete and fully reserved. Obsolete inventory approved for disposal is written-off against the reserve. Market conditions surrounding products are also considered periodically to determine if there are any net realizable valuation matters, which would require a write-down of any related inventories. If market or technological conditions change, it may result in additional inventory reserves and write-downs, which would be accounted for in the period of change. The level of inventory reserves reflects the nature of the industry whereby technological and other changes, such as customer buying requirements, result in impairment of inventory. Cash flows from the purchase and sale of inventory are included in cash flows from operating activities.
 
(g) Other Receivables:
 
Other receivables consist of various non-trade receivables such as value added tax (VAT) receivables due to our European operations.

(h) Other Current Liabilities:

Other current liabilities consist of various non-trade payable liabilities such as commissions, warranties, interest, dilapidation liability, sales and property taxes payable, as well as at March 31, 2008, certain amounts of retainage related to the construction of the China building.
 
(i) Promissory Note Receivable:
 
Promissory note receivable is recorded net of imputed interest and relates to the financing arrangement with the sale of the Consumer business (See Note 6). The note is unsecured. The Company has not and does not intend to sell this promissory note receivable. Amounts collected on this promissory note receivable will be included in net cash provided by investing activities from discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of cash flows. No allowance for doubtful accounts is provided because, based on the Company’s best estimate, credit loss is not considered probable.
 
(j) Property, Plant and Equipment:
 
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Plant and equipment under capital leases are stated at the present value of the minimum lease payments, and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease terms or the estimated useful lives of the assets. Normal maintenance and repairs of property and equipment are expensed as incurred. Renewals, betterments and major repairs that materially extend the useful life of property and equipment are capitalized.

 
F-9

 

(k) Income Taxes:
 
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Company reversed an income tax payable, which resulted in a reduction of income tax expense of $597 or less than $0.04 per diluted share. The income tax payable related to a foreign tax accrual from at least seven years ago, which had been previously considered a liability; however, based on recently discovered documentation, it was determined that the Company was not liable for the amounts previously accrued. The Company has determined that this adjustment is not material, under the guidelines established under SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic No. 108, Financial Statements-Considering the effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements (“SAB 108”), which require the Company to evaluate the adjustment from a quantitative perspective using both the roll-over and iron curtain methods, as well as consider qualitative factors.
 
(l) Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions:
 
The functional currency of the Company’s foreign operations is the applicable local currency. The foreign subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities are translated into United States dollars using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and their operations are translated using the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
 
The Company is subject to foreign exchange risk for foreign currency denominated transactions, such as receivables and payables. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded in foreign currency exchange gain or loss in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

(m) Goodwill:
 
Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in a purchase business combination.
 
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, (“SFAS No. 142”) management assesses goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis at fiscal year end or more frequently under certain circumstances. The goodwill impairment test is a two step test. Under the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its carrying value (including goodwill). If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists for the reporting unit, and the enterprise must perform step two of the impairment test (measurement). Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, in accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. Fair value of the reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, step two does not need to be performed.

In evaluating goodwill for impairment, the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit was determined using the implied fair value approach for fiscal years ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the year ended March 31, 2009, the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit was determined using the discounted cash flow method.  The implied fair value approach consists of comparing the Company’s market capitalization to the Company’s book value, and if the market capitalization exceeds book value, there is no impairment of goodwill.  This process was completed in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 for asset values as of fiscal year end. Based on our analyses and the guidelines established under SFAS 142, there was no impairment of the Company’s goodwill at March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 (See Note 5).
 
(n) Business Combinations:
 
Acquisitions are recorded as of the purchase date, and are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. In all acquisitions, the purchase price of the acquired business is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair values on the date of the acquisition. The fair values of these items are based upon management’s best estimates. Certain of the acquired assets are intangible in nature, including customer relationships, patented and proprietary technology, covenants not to compete, trade names and order backlog, which are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The excess purchase price over the amounts allocated to the assets is recorded as goodwill. All such valuation methodologies, including the determination of subsequent amortization periods, involve significant judgments and estimates. Different assumptions and subsequent actual events could yield materially different results.

 
F-10

 

Purchased intangibles and goodwill are usually not deductible for tax purposes in stock acquisitions. However, purchase accounting requires for the establishment of deferred tax liabilities on purchased intangible assets (excluding goodwill) to the extent the carrying value for financial reporting exceeds the tax basis.
 
(o) Long-Lived Assets:
 
The Company accounts for the impairment of long-lived assets and amortizable intangible assets in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.

Management assesses the recoverability of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The following factors, if present, may trigger an impairment review:
 
·   Significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results;
 
·   Significant negative industry or economic trends;
 
·   Significant decline in stock price for a sustained period; and
 
·   A change in market capitalization relative to net book value.
 
If the recoverability of these assets is unlikely because of the existence of one or more of the above-mentioned factors, an impairment analysis is performed using projected undiscounted cash flow at the lowest level at which cash flows is identifiable. In the event impairment is indicated, fair value is determined using the discounted cash flow method, appraisal or other accepted techniques.
 
In step 1, management must make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows to determine whether there is an indication of impairment under SFAS No. 144, and in the event step 2 is required, the fair value of these assets is determined. Other factors could include, among other things, quoted market prices, or other valuation techniques considered appropriate based on the circumstances. If these estimates or related assumptions change in the future, an impairment charge may need to be recorded. Impairment charges would be included in our consolidated statements of operations, and would result in reduced carrying amounts of the related assets on our consolidated balance sheets.

At March 31, 2009, the Company performed an impairment analysis for long-lived assets, due to triggering events which included the decline in the Company’s stock price, change in market capitalization relative to net book value, and decrease in financial performance relative to historical operating results.  In evaluating long-lived assets and amortizable intangible assets for impairment, there was no impairment identified by our analysis indicating the carrying amount of an asset was not be recoverable in 2009.  There were no indicators of potential impairment in 2008 and 2007.

(p) Revenue Recognition:
 
The Company recognizes revenue when products are shipped and the customer takes ownership and assumes risk of loss, collection of the relevant receivable is probable, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and the sales price is fixed or determinable. Shipping and other transportation costs charged to buyers are recorded in both sales and cost of sales.  Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are excluded from revenues in the consolidated statements of income. Certain products may be sold with a provision allowing the customer to return a portion of products. The Company provides for allowances for returns based upon historical and estimated return rates. The amount of actual returns could differ from these estimates. Changes in estimated returns are accounted for in the period of change.
 
Revenues for contractual arrangements with multiple elements or deliverables are allocated pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force Issue (“EITF”) 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. Revenues are recognized for the separate elements when the product or services have value on a stand-alone basis, and fair value of the separate elements exists and, in arrangements that include a general right of refund relative to the delivered element, performance of the undelivered element is considered probable and substantially in the Company’s control. While determining fair value and identifying separate elements require judgment, generally fair value and the separate elements are identifiable as those elements are sold and unaccompanied by other elements.

 
F-11

 

(q) Shipping and Handling:
 
Shipping and handling costs are recorded in cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.
 
(r) Research and Development and Advertising Costs:
 
Research and development and advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs amounted to $10,826, $9,852, and $9,235, for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Customer funded research and development was $1,451, $1,018, and $786, for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Advertising costs are included in operating expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations and are expensed when the advertising or promotion is published. Advertising expenses for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 were approximately $151, $276, and $242, respectively.
 
(s) Warranty Reserve:
 
The Company’s sensor products generally are marketed under warranties to end users of up to one year. Factors affecting the Company’s warranty liability include the number of products sold and historical and anticipated rates of claims and costs per claim. The Company provides for estimated product warranty obligations at the time of sale, based on its historical warranty claims experience and assumptions about future warranty claims. This estimate is susceptible to changes in the near term based on introductions of new products, product quality improvements and changes in end user application and/or behavior.

The following table summarizes the warranty reserve:

   
Years ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Total Warranty Reserve - Beginning
  $ 400     $ 401     $ 146  
Warranties issued during the period
    (59 )     419       491  
Costs to repair and replace products
    (85 )     (420 )     (236 )
Total Warranty Reserve - Ending
  $ 256     $ 400     $ 401  

(t) Commitments and Contingencies:
 
Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. Such accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change.
 
(u) Comprehensive Income:
 
Comprehensive income consists of net income for the period and the impact of unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments, net of income taxes.
 
(v) Stock Based Compensation:
 
Effective April 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R), utilizing the modified prospective approach.  Under the modified prospective approach, SFAS No. 123(R) applies to new awards and to unvested awards that were outstanding on April 1, 2006, as well as those that are subsequently modified, repurchased or cancelled. Compensation cost recognized in the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 includes compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of April 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123, and compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to April 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R).  The Company’s results for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 include $2,942, $3,397 and $2,887, respectively, of operating expenses under SFAS No. 123(R).

The Company receives a tax deduction for certain stock options and stock option exercises during the period the options are exercised, generally for the excess of the fair value of the stock over the exercise price of the options at the exercise date. In accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), the Company has elected to report the entire tax benefit from the exercise of equity instruments as a financing cash inflow.  Since the Company is currently in a net operating loss carry-forward position, the Company has consistently applied the tax-law-ordering approach, whereby the tax benefits are considered realized for current-year exercises of share-based compensation awards. 

 
F-12

 

Net cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options were $276, $1,664, and $1,865 for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and the income tax benefit realized for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 from stock option exercises was $10, $260, and $1,276, respectively.

(w) Leases:
 
The Company follows SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases, to account for its operating and capital leases. In accordance with SFAS No. 13, lease costs, including escalations, are provided for using the straight-line basis over the lease period. The Company leases certain production equipment and automobiles which, under SFAS No. 13, are considered capital lease arrangements. SFAS No. 13 requires the capitalization of leases meeting certain criteria, with the related asset being recorded in property, plant and equipment, and an offsetting amount recorded as a liability. Prior to March 31, 2006, the Company executed a sale-lease back transaction, which is included as a sale lease-back transaction in cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations.

(x) Derivative Instruments:
 
The Company accounts for derivatives and hedging activities in accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS No. 138, SFAS No. 149 and SFAS No. 161, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities and requires that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial condition and measures those instruments at fair value. Changes in the fair value of those instruments will be reported in earnings or other comprehensive income depending on the use of the derivative and whether it qualifies for hedge accounting. The accounting for gains and losses associated with changes in the fair value of the derivative and the effect on the consolidated financial statements will depend on its hedge designation and whether the hedge is highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in the fair value of cash flows of the asset or liability hedged.
 
The Company has a number of forward purchase currency contracts to manage the Company’s exposures to fluctuations in the U.S. dollar relative to the Euro and RMB and the Euro relative to the Japanese yen. These currency contracts are entered into to hedge foreign exchange exposure, although they are undesignated for accounting purposes. Since these currency contracts do not meet the requirements of SFAS No. 133 for hedge accounting purposes, changes in the fair value of these instruments are recognized in other income as gains and losses, rather than in other comprehensive income.
 
(y) Capitalized Interest:

The Company’s policy is to capitalize interest cost incurred on debt during the construction of major projects exceeding one year. During 2009 and 2008, interest costs capitalized as part of the construction of the new facility in China totaled $325 and $281, respectively. No interest costs were capitalized during 2007.

(z) Pensions

With the purchase of Intersema, the Company acquired a defined benefit pension plan. The Company follows SFAS No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans. Accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefit plans requires management to make several estimates and assumptions (See Note 10). These include the expected rate of return from investment of the plans' assets and the expected retirement age of employees as well as their projected earnings and mortality. In addition, the amounts recorded are affected by changes in the interest rate environment because the associated liabilities are discounted to their present value. Management makes these estimates based on the company's historical experience and other information that it deems pertinent under the circumstances (for example, expectations of future stock market performance).

This statement requires the Company to recognize in the statement of financial position the funded status of the defined benefit pension plan as the difference between the fair value of the plan assets and the benefit obligation. The Company is required to recognize the changes in the funded status in the year in which the changes occur through accumulated other comprehensive income. Actuarial gains and losses are generally amortized subject to the corridor, over the average remaining service life of the Company’s active employees.

(aa) Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards:

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards:

In September 2006, the FASB issued  SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”).  This new standard provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.  On February 12, 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Positions that delayed for one year the applicability of SFAS No. 157’s fair value measurement requirements to certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities, excluded most lease accounting fair-value measurements from SFAS No. 157’s scope.

 
F-13

 
 
The provisions of SFAS No. 157 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years, except for that portion of provisions deferred for one year pursuant to the FASB Staff Positions. Effective April 1, 2008, the Company adopted the applicable provisions of SFAS No. 157, except for that portion of the provisions deferred for one year.  The implementation of the adopted provisions of SFAS No. 157 did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 expands the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities requiring enhanced disclosure of how derivative instruments impact a company’s financial statements, why companies engage in such transactions and a tabular disclosure of the effects of such instruments and related hedged items on a company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The provisions of SFAS No. 161 are effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. SFAS No. 161 shall be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the period in which it is initially adopted. The Company adopted SFAS No. 161 on January 1, 2009, and the adoption of SFAS No. 161 did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.
 
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“SFAS 162”). SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. SFAS 162 is effective as of November 15, 2008 for financial statements presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. There was no impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flow upon the adoption of this standard.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements:

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141R”) and SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements- an amendment to ARB No. 51 (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 141R and SFAS No. 160 require most identifiable assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests, and goodwill acquired in a business combination to be recorded at “full fair value” and require noncontrolling interests (previously referred to as minority interests) to be reported as a component of equity, which changes the accounting for transactions with noncontrolling interest holders. Both Statements are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within these fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and earlier adoption is prohibited. SFAS No.141R will be applied to business combinations occurring after the March 31, 2009. The accounting for contingent consideration under SFAS No. 141R requires the measurement of contingencies at the fair value on the acquisition date. Contingent consideration can be either a liability or equity based, and as such will be accounted for under SFAS No. 150, SFAS No. 133, or EITF 00-19. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration (liability) are recognized in earnings, not to goodwill, and equity classified contingent consideration amounts are not re-measured. SFAS No. 160 will be applied prospectively to all noncontrolling interests, including any that arose before the effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS No. 141R and SFAS No. 160 will have on its results of operations and financial position, but based on preliminary procedures, the Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 141R and SFAS No. 160 to have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS No. 157-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measures for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13 (“FSP 157-1”). FSP 157-1 removed leasing transactions accounted for under SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases, and related guidance from the scope of SFAS 157. In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement 157, (“FSP 157-2”). FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, or April 1, 2009 for the Company. As a result of adopting FSP 157-2, we have only partially adopted SFAS 157. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have on its results of operations and financial position, but based on preliminary procedures, the Company does not expect the  full adoption of SFAS No. 157 to have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.
 
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS No. 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets, (“FSP 142-3”). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, (“SFAS 142”). The intent of FSP 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141R, Business Combinations, (“SFAS No. 141(R)”), and other U.S. GAAP pronouncements. FSP 142-3 shall be applied prospectively to all intangible assets acquired after its effective date. FSP 142-3 is effective for our interim and annual financial statements beginning after March 31, 2009. We will adopt this FSP effective April 1, 2009. We do not expect the adoption of this statement to have an impact on our financial statements.

 
F-14

 

3. INVENTORIES

Inventories and inventory reserves for slow-moving, obsolete and lower of cost or market exposures at March 31, 2009 and 2008 are summarized as follows:

   
March 31, 2009
   
March 31, 2008
 
Raw Materials
  $ 22,270     $ 17,474  
Work-in-Process
    4,622       6,140  
Finished Goods
    21,981       20,082  
      48,873       43,696  
Inventory Reserves
    (3,489 )     (3,410 )
    $ 45,384     $ 40,286  
 
4. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Equipment under capital leases is stated at the present value of minimum lease payments.  Property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows:

   
March 31, 2009
   
March 31, 2008
 
Useful Life
Production equipment & tooling
  $ 45,894     $ 43,893  
3-10 years
Building and leasehold improvements
    24,301       9,737  
39 to 45 years or lesser of useful life or remaining term of lease
Furniture and equipment
    13,663       12,000  
3-10 years
Construction-in-progress
    1,122       8,584    
Total
    84,980       74,214    
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
    (38,105 )     (33,499 )  
    $ 46,875     $ 40,715    
 
Total depreciation was $7,602, $6,295 and $5,204 for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  Property and equipment included $1,047 and $1,603 in capital leases at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Construction-in-progress at March 31, 2008 includes approximately $7,364 related to the construction of the new facility in China.
 
5. ACQUISITIONS, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT TESTING, AND ACQUIRED INTANGIBLES

Acquisitions:  As part of its growth strategy, the Company made fourteen acquisitions since June 2004 with total purchase price exceeding $167,000, of which two acquisitions were made during each year ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.  All of these acquisitions have been accounted for as purchases and have resulted in the recognition of goodwill in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. This goodwill arises because the purchase prices for these businesses reflect a number of factors, including the future earnings and cash flow potential of these businesses, and other factors at which similar businesses have been purchased by other acquirers, the competitive nature of the process by which the Company acquired the business, and the complementary strategic fit and resulting synergies these businesses bring to existing operations.
 
Goodwill balances presented in the consolidated balance sheets of foreign acquisitions are translated at the exchange rate in effect at each balance sheet date; however, opening balance sheets used to calculate goodwill and acquired intangible assets are based on purchase date exchange rates, except for earn-out payments, which are recorded at the exchange rates in effect on the date the earn-out is accrued.  The following table shows the roll-forward of goodwill reflected in the financial statements resulting from the Company’s acquisition activities for 2008 and 2009:

Balance April 1, 2007
  $ 77,397  
   Attributable to acquisitions
    13,790  
   Effect of foreign currency translation
    4,523  
Balance March 31, 2008
  $ 95,710  
   Attributable to 2008 acquisitions
    (657 )
   Attributable to 2009 acquisitions
    5,175  
   Effect of foreign currency translation
    (1,052 )
Balance March 31, 2009
  $ 99,176  
 
The following briefly describes the Company’s acquisitions from the beginning of fiscal 2007 forward.

YSI:

Effective April 1, 2006, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the capital stock of YSIS Incorporated (“YSI Temperature”), a division of YSI Incorporated, for $14,252 ($14,000 in cash at close and $252 in acquisition costs). YSI Temperature manufactures a range of thermistors for automotive, medical, industrial and consumer goods applications. The transaction was financed with borrowings under the Company’s Amended Credit Facility provided by a syndicate of lending institutions (See Note 8). The Company’s final purchase price allocation related to the YSI Temperature acquisition follows: 

 
F-15

 
 
Assets:
     
Cash
 
$
440
 
Accounts receivable
   
3,109
 
Inventory
   
1,672
 
Prepaid assets and other
   
714
 
Property and equipment
   
1,134
 
Acquired intangible assets
   
2,142
 
Goodwill
   
7,588
 
Other
   
303
 
     
17,102
 
Liabilities:
       
Accounts payable
   
(884
)
Accrued compensation
   
(780
)
Deferred income taxes
   
(65
)
Minority interest
   
(1,121
)
     
(2,850
)
Total Purchase Price
 
$
14,252
 

BetaTHERM:
 
Effective April 1, 2006, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the capital stock of BetaTHERM Group Ltd., a sensor company headquartered in Galway, Ireland (“BetaTHERM”), for $37,248 ($33,741 in cash at closing, $1,787 in deferred acquisition payments, $1,000 in Company shares and $720 in acquisition costs). Established in 1983, BetaTHERM manufactures precision thermistors used for temperature sensing in aerospace, biomedical, automotive, industrial and consumer goods applications. BetaTHERM conducts business through operations located in Ireland, Massachusetts and in China. The transaction was financed with borrowings under the Company’s Amended Credit Facility provided by a syndicate of lending institutions (See Note 8). The Company executed a restructuring of BetaTHERM during the quarter ended March 31, 2007, whereby the ownership of BetaTHERM’s U.S. operation was transferred to Measurement Specialties, Inc. from BetaTHERM Ireland. This reorganization was part of the acquisition in that it was a requirement in our credit facility and provided an efficient organizational structure for operational and tax purposes. The Company’s final purchase price allocation related to the BetaTHERM acquisition follows:

Assets:
     
Cash
 
$
2,388
 
Accounts receivable
   
3,180
 
Inventory
   
2,521
 
Property and equipment
   
3,551
 
Acquired intangible assets
   
8,609
 
Goodwill
   
25,803
 
Other
   
228
 
     
46,280
 
Liabilities:
       
Accounts payable
   
(1,733
)
Accrued expenses
   
(695
)
Taxes payable
   
(805
)
Debt
   
(3,737
)
Deferred income taxes
   
(2,062
)
     
(9,032
)
Total Purchase Price
 
$
37,248
 
 
 
F-16

 

Visyx:  Effective November 20, 2007, the Company acquired certain assets of Visyx Technologies, Inc. (Visyx”) based in Sunnyvale, California for $1,624 ($1,400 at close, $100 held-back to cover certain expenses, and $124 in acquisition costs). The Seller has the potential to receive up to an additional $2,000 in the form of a contingent payment based on successful commercialization of specified sensors prior to December 31, 2011, and an additional $9,000 earn-out based on a percentage of sales in calendar years 2009, 2010 and 2011. If these earn-out contingencies are resolved and meet established conditions, these amounts will be recorded as an additional element of the cost of the acquisition.  The resolution of these contingencies is not determinable at this time, and accordingly, the Company’s purchase price allocation for Visyx is subject to earn-out payments.  Visyx has a range of sensors that measure fluid properties, including density, viscosity and dielectric constant, for use in heavy truck/off road engines and transmissions, compressors/turbines, refrigeration and air conditioning.  The Company’s final purchase price allocation, except for earn-out contingencies, related to the Visyx acquisition follows:
 
Assets:
     
Accounts receivable
 
$
12
 
Inventory
   
10
 
Acquired intangible assets
   
1,528
 
Goodwill
   
74
 
Total Purchase Price
 
$
1,624
 
         
Cash paid
 
$
1,400
 
Deferred payment
   
100
 
Costs
   
124
 
Total Purchase Price
 
$
1,624
 
 
Intersema:  Effective December 28, 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the capital stock of Intersema Microsystems S.A. (“Intersema”), a sensor company headquartered in Bevaix, Switzerland, for $40,160 ($31,249 in cash at closing, $8,708 in unsecured Promissory Notes (“Intersema Notes”), and $203 in acquisition costs). The Intersema Notes bear interest of 4.5% per annum and are payable in four equal annual installments beginning December 28, 2008. The selling shareholders have the potential to receive up to an additional $18,946 based on December 31, 2008 exchange rates or 20,000 Swiss francs tied to calendar 2009 earnings growth objectives, and if the contingencies are resolved and meet established conditions, these amounts will be recorded as an additional element of the cost of the acquisition. The resolution of these contingencies is not determinable at this time, and accordingly, the Company’s purchase price allocation for Intersema is subject to earn-out payments.  Intersema is a designer and manufacturer of pressure sensors and modules with low pressure, harsh media and ultra-small package configurations for use in barometric and sub-sea depth measurement markets. The transaction was financed with borrowings under the Company’s Amended Credit Facility (See Note 8).   The Company’s final purchase price allocation, except for earn-out contingencies, related to the Intersema acquisition is as follows:

Assets:
     
Cash
 
$
10,542
 
Accounts receivable
   
1,162
 
Inventory
   
3,770
 
Other assets
   
619
 
Property and equipment
   
1,811
 
Acquired intangible assets
   
13,773
 
Goodwill
   
13,851
 
     
45,528
 
         
Liabilities:
       
Accounts payable
   
(832
)
Accrued expenses
   
(1,119
)
Deferred income taxes
   
(3,417
)
     
(5,368
)
Total Purchase Price
 
$
40,160
 

During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, the Company recorded an adjustment for $500 to increase inventory balances relating to the Intersema acquisition.  Since purchase accounting for Intersema was finalized and the aforementioned adjustment related directly to the inventory values assigned with purchase accounting, in accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, such adjustment was not recorded as a reduction of goodwill, but rather directly to income.  The adjustments resulted in an increase in net income of approximately $372 (net of income taxes) or $0.03 per diluted share.  The adjustment was identified as part of the integration of Intersema into the Company’s information reporting system.  The Company has determined that this adjustment is not material under the guidelines of Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic No. 108, “Financial Statements – Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”), which requires the Company to evaluate the adjustment from a quantitative perspective using both the rollover and iron curtain methods, as well as to consider qualitative factors.

 
F-17

 
 
Atexis:  On January 30, 2009, the Company consummated the acquisition of all of the capital stock of RIT SARL (“Atexis”), a sensor company headquartered in Fontenay, France, for €4,096.  The total purchase price in U.S. dollars based on the January 30, 2009 exchange rate was approximately $5,359 ($5,152 in cash at close, and $207 in acquisition costs). The selling shareholders have the potential to receive up to an additional €2,000 tied to 2009 and 2010 sales growth objectives, and if the contingencies are resolved and established conditions are met, these amounts will be recorded as an additional element of the cost of the acquisition.  The resolution of these contingencies is not determinable at this time, and accordingly, the Company’s purchase price allocation for Atexis is subject to earn-out payments.  Atexis designs and manufactures temperature sensors and probes utilizing NTC, Platinum (Pt) and thermo-couples technologies through wholly-owned subsidiaries in France and China.  The transaction was partially financed with borrowings under the Company’s Amended Credit Facility (See Note 8).   The Company’s preliminary purchase price allocation related to the Atexis acquisition is as follows:

Assets:
     
Cash
  $ 110  
Accounts receivable
    2,268  
Inventory
    2,628  
Other assets
    284  
Property and equipment
    1,619  
Acquired intangible assets
    1,380  
Goodwill
    1,452  
      9,741  
         
Liabilities:
       
Accounts payable
    (1,384 )
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    (2,241 )
Deferred income taxes
    (757 )
      (4,382 )
Total Purchase Price
  $ 5,359  

FGP:  On January 30, 2009, the Company consummated the acquisition of all of the capital stock of FGP Instrumentation, GS Sensors and ALS (collectively “FGP”), sensor companies located in Les Clayes-sous-Bois and Druex, France for €6,112.  The total purchase price in U.S. dollars based on the January 30, 2009 exchange rate was approximately $7,998 ($4,711 in cash at close, discharge of certain liabilities totaling $3,059 and $228 in acquisition costs). The selling shareholders have the potential to receive up to an additional €1,400 tied to 2009 sales growth objectives, and if the contingencies are resolved and meet established conditions, these amounts will be recorded as an additional element of the cost of the acquisition.  The resolution of these contingencies is not determinable at this time, and accordingly, the Company’s purchase price allocation for FGP is subject to earn-out payments.  FGP is a designer and manufacturer of custom force, pressure and vibration sensors for aerospace and test and measurement markets.  The transaction was partially financed with borrowings under the Company’s Amended Credit Facility (See Note 8).   The Company’s preliminary purchase price allocation related to the FGP acquisition is as follows:

Assets:
     
Cash
  $ 980  
Accounts receivable
    1,678  
Inventory
    1,807  
Other assets
    85  
Property and equipment
    789  
Deferred income taxes
    351  
Acquired intangible assets
    1,900  
Goodwill
    3,723  
      11,313  
         
Liabilities:
       
Accounts payable
    (1,100 )
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    (1,472 )
Deferred income taxes
    (743 )
      (3,315 )
Total Purchase Price
  $ 7,998  
 
 
F-18

 

Goodwill Impairment Testing:  Goodwill is tested for impairment annually at fiscal year end and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.  The goodwill impairment test is a two step test.  Under the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its carrying value (including goodwill).  If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists for the reporting unit, and the enterprise must perform step two of the impairment test (measurement).  Under step two, an impairment loss would be recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value.  The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, in accordance with SFAS No. 141.  The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill.  Fair value of the reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis.
 
We perform our goodwill impairment analysis at one level below the operating segment level, as defined in SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS No. 142”).  The Company has one operating and reporting segment, a sensor business, under the guidelines established with SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information (“SFAS No. 131”).  The goodwill impairment analysis under the requirements of SFAS No. 142 is performed at the reporting unit level.  A reporting unit is the same as, or one level below, an operating segment as defined in SFAS No. 131.  The Company’s reporting unit for the purposes of the goodwill impairment analysis is the Company’s sensor business.
 
During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, the Company began to realign its operating structure to facilitate better focus on cross-selling of the differing sensor products, as well as to address current business conditions and other changes within management, which resulted in one operating segment.   The Company concluded that it has one reporting unit, which is the Company’s sensor business.  Management continually assesses the Company’s operating structure, and this structure could be modified further based on future circumstances and business conditions.
 
The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. To derive the fair value of our reporting unit, the Company performed various valuation analyses primarily utilizing the income or discounted cash flow approach, as well as the market approach.  Under the market-based approach, we derived the fair value of our reporting unit based on earning multiples of comparable publicly-traded peer companies. Under the income approach, we determined fair value based on estimated future cash flows discounted by an estimated weighted average cost of capital of approximately 12.73%, which is considered the overall level of inherent risk of the reporting unit and the rate of return an outside investor would expect to earn. Although our cash flow forecasts are based on assumptions that are considered reasonable by management and consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses, there is significant judgment in determining the expected future cash flows attributable to our business.  While we believe the fair values we have estimated are reasonable, actual performance in the short-term and long-term could be materially different from our forecasts, which could impact future estimates of fair value of our reporting units and may result in impairment of goodwill in future periods.
 
The Company’s market capitalization was not considered to be a true indicator of the fair value of the Company, because the global economic downturn and concurrent disruption in the liquidity of markets have led to extremely high volatility in the equity markets and a distortion in the measurement of the fair value of equity securities generally, and to the Company’s stock price specifically.  The Company’s stock is thinly traded, which causes the stock price to experience disproportionate sensitivity to the volatile markets.  The Company’s market capitalization was $59,200 based on the closing stock price on March 31, 2009; however, it ranged from a low of approximately $34,000 in the 45 days before fiscal year end to a high of approximately $106,900 in the 45 days after fiscal year end. As a reasonableness test, the aggregate fair value of the Company’s reporting unit based on the discounted cash flow approach is reconciled to the Company’s fair value based on the market-based approach using an earnings multiple.  As of March 31, 2009, the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit under the discounted cash flow approach was estimated to be $202,000, and the fair value under the multiple earnings approach was estimated to be $288,000.  The 52-week and first quarter of 2009 average enterprise value paid for transactions in the peer industry group classified by Mergerstat as Instruments and Photographic Equipment indicated earnings multiple of 9.9 and 8.2 times, respectively.

Based on our assessment at March 31, 2009, there was no impairment of goodwill.

Acquired Intangibles:  In connection with all acquisitions, the Company acquired certain identifiable intangible assets, including customer relationships, proprietary technology, patents, trade-names, order backlogs and covenants-not-to-compete. The gross amounts and accumulated amortization, along with the range of amortizable lives, are as follows:

         
March 31, 2009
   
March 31, 2008
 
   
Weighted-
Average Life
in years
   
Gross Amount
   
Accumulated
Amortization
   
Net
   
Gross Amount
   
Accumulated
Amortization
   
Net
 
Amortizable intangible assets:
                                         
Customer relationships
   
9
    $ 27,627     $ (8,794 )   $ 18,833     $ 28,387     $ (5,950 )   $ 22,437  
Patents
   
16
      3,984       (895 )     3,089       4,391       (714 )     3,677  
Tradenames
   
3
      2,000       (1,478 )     522       1,895       (998 )     897  
Backlog
   
1
      2,732       (2,556 )     176       2,653       (2,067 )     586  
Covenants-not-to-compete
   
3
      1,008       (932 )     76       970       (910 )     60  
Proprietary technology
   
13
      5,763       (981 )     4,782       4,756       (647 )     4,109  
            $ 43,114     $ (15,636 )   $ 27,478     $ 43,052     $ (11,286 )   $ 31,766  
 
 
F-19

 

Amortization expense for the year ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $5,609, $3,610 and $4,464, respectively.  In addition to the intangible assets acquired with FGP and Atexis, the Company also purchased $400 in proprietary technology intangible assets in 2009.  Estimated annual amortization expense is as follows:

   
Amortization
 
Year
 
Expense
 
2010
  $ 4,980  
2011
    4,328  
2012
    3,858  
2013
    3,325  
2014
    2,532  
Thereafter
    8,455  
    $ 27,478  


Pro forma Financial Data (Unaudited):  The following represents the Company’s pro forma consolidated results of continuing operations for the years ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, based on final purchase accounting information assuming the Visyx and Intersema acquisitions occurred as of April 1, 2007, and preliminary purchase accounting information assuming Atexis and FGP acquisitions occurred as of April 1, 2007, giving effect to purchase accounting adjustments. The pro forma data is for informational purposes only and may not necessarily reflect results of operations had all the acquired companies been operated as part of the Company since April 1, 2007.

   
For the years ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Net sales
  $ 223,961     $ 263,270  
                 
Income from continuing operations
  $ 5,488     $ 15,677  
                 
Income from continuing operations per common share:
               
Basic
  $ 0.38     $ 1.09  
Diluted
  $ 0.38     $ 1.08  
 
6. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS AND GAIN ON SALE OF ASSETS:
 
CONSUMER PRODUCTS SEGMENT: Effective December 1, 2005, the Company completed the sale of the Consumer Products segment to Fervent Group Limited (FGL), whereby the Company sold its Consumer Products segment, including its Cayman Island subsidiary, Measurement Limited (‘ML Cayman’). FGL is a company controlled by the owners of River Display Limited (RDL), the Company’s long time partner and primary supplier of consumer products in Shenzhen, China. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company sold to FGL the Company’s Consumer Division for $8,500 in cash and a two-year $4,000 non-interest bearing promissory note receivable from FGL. The Company recorded the promissory note receivable net of imputed interest of 5% at $3,800. In addition, the Company could have earned an additional $5,000 if certain performance criteria (sales and margin targets) were met within the first year. The Company recorded $2,156 of the earn-out in 2007, because a portion of the earn-out targets were met. This amount is net of imputed interest, payable over eight quarters, reported in the 2007 consolidated statement of operations as the gain on disposition of discontinued operations, and the related receivable is included in the consolidated balance sheet as a promissory note receivable. At March 31, 2009 and 2008, the promissory notes receivable related to the sale and earn-out of the Consumer business totaled $283 and $809, respectively.
 
In accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets, the related financial information for the Consumer segment are reported as discontinued operations. The Consumer segment designed and manufactured sensor-based consumer products, such as bathroom and kitchen scales, tire pressure gauges and distance estimators, primarily as an original equipment manufacturer (OEM), to retailers and distributors mainly in the United States and Europe.
 
Income from discontinued operations for the year ended March 31, 2007 was $121, and represented interest income earned on the promissory notes receivable partially offset by certain residual amounts as the business was unwound. For the years ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, imputed interest income related to the promissory note receivable totaled $20 and $112, respectively, which is included in interest expense, net from continuing operations.
 
7. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.”  This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  Additionally, the Company elected the partial adoption of SFAS No. 157 under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Staff Position FAS No. 157-2, which amends SFAS No. 157 to allow an entity to delay the application of this statement until fiscal 2010 for certain non-financial assets and liabilities.  The adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
F-20

 

SFAS 157 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants.  As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset and liability.  As a basis for considering such assumptions, SFAS No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements).  The three levels of the fair value hierarchy defined by SFAS 157 are as follows:
 
Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
 
Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and
 
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
 
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments:
 
For cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, notes receivable and other receivables, prepaid and other assets (current and long-term), accounts payable, accrued expenses other liabilities (non-derivatives, current and long-term), and foreign currency contracts, the carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments or amounts have already been recorded at approximate fair value.  As required by SFAS No. 157, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels. The fair value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and restricted investments was determined using Level 1 measurements in the fair value hierarchy.  The fair value of the Company’s foreign currency contracts was based on Level 2 measurements in the fair value hierarchy.  The fair value of the foreign currency contracts is based on forward exchange rates relative to current exchange rates which were obtained from independent financial institutions reflecting market quotes.
 
For promissory notes payable, deferred acquisition payments and capital lease obligation, the fair value is determined as the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the current interest rate, which approximates rates currently offered by lending institutions for loans of similar terms to companies with comparable credit risk.  These are considered Level 2 inputs.
 
For long-term debt and the revolver, the fair value of the Company’s long-term debt is estimated by discounting future cash flows of each instrument at rates currently offered to the Company for similar debt instruments of comparable maturities by the Company’s lenders.  These are considered Level 2 inputs.  The fair value of long-term debt and revolver approximates carrying value due to the variable interest nature of the debt.
 
Derivative Instruments and Risk Management

The Company is exposed to market risks from changes in interest rates, commodities, credit and foreign currency exchange rates, which could impact its results of operations and financial condition. The Company attempts to address its exposure to these risks through its normal operating and financing activities. In addition, the Company’s broad-based business activities help to reduce the impact that volatility in any particular area or related areas may have on its operating earnings as a whole.

Interest Rate Risk:  Under our term and revolving credit facilities, we are exposed to a certain level of interest rate risk. Interest on the principal amount of our borrowings under our revolving credit facility and term loan accrue at a rate based on either a LIBOR rate plus a LIBOR margin or at an Indexed (prime based) Rate plus an Index Margin. The LIBOR or Index Rate is at our election. Our results will be adversely affected by any increase in interest rates. We do not currently hedge this interest rate exposure.

Commodity Risk:  The Company uses a wide range of commodities in our products, including steel, non-ferrous metals and petroleum based products, as well as other commodities required for the manufacture of our sensor products.  Changes in the pricing of commodities directly affect our results of operations and financial condition.  We attempt to pass increases in commodity costs to our customers, and we do not currently hedge such commodity exposures.
 
 
F-21

 

Credit Risk:  Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and temporary investments, foreign currency forward contracts when in an asset position and trade accounts receivable. The Company is exposed to credit losses in the event of nonperformance by counter parties to its financial instruments. The Company places cash and temporary investments with various high-quality financial institutions throughout the world, and exposure is limited at any one institution. Although the Company does not obtain collateral or other security to secure these obligations, it does periodically monitor the third-party depository institutions that hold our cash and cash equivalents. Our emphasis is primarily on safety and liquidity of principal and secondarily on maximizing yield on those funds. In addition, concentrations of credit risk arising from trade accounts receivable are limited due to the diversity of the Company’s customers. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions and the Company does not obtain collateral, credit insurance or other security.  Notwithstanding these efforts, the current distress in the global economy may increase the difficulty in collecting accounts receivable.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk:  Foreign currency exchange rate risk arises from the Company’s investments in subsidiaries owned and operated in foreign countries, as well as from transactions with customers in countries outside the U.S. and transactions denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currency.

The effect of a change in currency exchange rates on the Company’s net investment in international subsidiaries is reflected in the “accumulated other comprehensive income” component of stockholders’ equity.  The Company does not hedge the Company’s net investment in subsidiaries owned and operated in countries outside the U.S.

Although the Company has a U.S. dollar functional currency for reporting purposes, it has manufacturing sites throughout the world and a large portion of its sales are generated in foreign currencies. A substantial portion of our revenues are priced in U.S. dollars, and most of our costs and expenses are priced in U.S. dollars, with the remaining priced in Chinese renminbi, Euros, Swiss francs and Japanese yen. Sales by subsidiaries operating outside of the United States are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates effective during the respective period. As a result, the Company is exposed to movements in the exchange rates of various currencies against the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, the competitiveness of our products relative to products produced locally (in foreign markets) may be affected by the performance of the U.S. dollar compared with that of our foreign customers’ currencies. Refer to Note 16, Segment Information and Note 17, Concentrations, for details concerning annual net sales invoiced from our facilities within the U.S. and outside of the U.S. and as a percentage of total net sales for the last three years, as well as net assets and the related functional currencies.  Therefore, both positive and negative movements in currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar will continue to affect the reported amount of sales, profit, and assets and liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
The renminbi has appreciated by 2.5%, 9.0% and 4.0%, during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Chinese government no longer pegs the renminbi to the US dollar, but established a currency policy letting the renminbi trade in a narrow band against a basket of currencies. The Company has more expenses in renminbi than sales (i.e., short renminbi position), and as such, when the U.S. dollar weakens relative to the renminbi, our operating profits decrease. We continue to consider various alternatives to hedge this exposure, and we are attempting to manage this exposure through, among other things, forward purchase contracts, pricing and monitoring balance sheet exposures for payables and receivables.

Fluctuations in the value of the Hong Kong dollar have not been significant since October 17, 1983, when the Hong Kong government tied the value of the Hong Kong dollar to that of the U.S. dollar. However, there can be no assurance that the value of the Hong Kong dollar will continue to be tied to that of the U.S. dollar.

The Company’s French and Germany subsidiaries have more sales in Euro than expenses in Euro and the Company’s Swiss subsidiary has more expenses in Swiss franc than sales, and as such, if the U.S. dollar weakens relative to the Euro and Swiss franc, our operating profits increase in France and Germany but decline in Switzerland.
 
The Company has a number of foreign currency exchange contracts in Europe and Asia in an attempt to hedge the Company’s exposure to the Euro and RMB. The Euro/U.S. dollar, RMB/U.S. dollar and Japanese Yen/Euro currency contracts have gross notional amounts totaling $3,375, $10,000, and $1,365, respectively, with exercise dates through August 31, 2009 at an average exchange rate of $1.36 (Euro to U.S. dollar conversion rate), $0.148 (RMB to U.S. dollar conversion rate) and 116 Yen (Euro to Japanese Yen). Since these derivatives are not designated as hedges under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, changes in their fair value are recorded in earnings, not in other comprehensive income. The fair value of our RMB currency contracts and our results of operations will be adversely affected by a decrease in value of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar.
 
To manage our exposure to potential foreign currency transaction and translation risks, we may purchase additional foreign currency exchange forward contracts, currency options, or other derivative instruments, provided such instruments may be obtained at suitable prices.

Fair values of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133:

   
March 31,
   
   
2009
   
2008
 
Balance sheet location
Financial position:
             
Foreign currency exchange contracts - Euro/U.S. dollar
  $ 105     $  
Other assets
Foreign currency exchange contracts - RMB
  $ (143 )   $  
Other liabilities
Foreign currency exchange contracts - Japanese Yen
  $ 115     $  
Other assets
 
F-22

 
The effect of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments on the statements of operations and cash flows for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007:

   
Year ended March 31,
   
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Location of gain or loss recognized in income
Results of operations:
                   
Foreign currency exchange contracts - Euro/U.S. dollar
  $ (885 )   $ (578 )   $ (141 )
Foreign currency exchange loss (gain)
Foreign currency exchange contracts - RMB
    170              
Foreign currency exchange loss (gain)
Foreign currency exchange contracts - Japanese Yen
    (115 )            
Foreign currency exchange loss (gain)
Total
  $ (830 )   $ (578 )   $ (141 )  
Cash flows from operating activities:  Source (Use)
                         
Foreign currency exchange contracts - Euro/U.S. dollar
  $ 781     $ 578     $ 141  
Other assets
Foreign currency exchange contracts - RMB
    (27 )            
Other liabilities
Total
  $ 754     $ 578     $ 141    
 
8. LONG-TERM DEBT:
 
LONG-TERM DEBT

To support the financing of the acquisitions of YSI Temperature and BetaTHERM (See Note 5), effective April 1, 2006, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Amended and Restated Credit Facility”) with General Electric Capital Corporation (“GE”) as agent which, among other things, increased the Company’s existing credit facility from $35,000 to $75,000, consisting of a $55,000 revolving credit facility and a $20,000 term loan, and lowered the applicable London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or Index Margin from 4.50% and 2.75%, respectively, to LIBOR and Index Margins of 2.75% and 1.0%, respectively. To support the financing of the acquisition of Intersema (See Note 5), the Company entered into an Amended Credit Agreement (“Amended Credit Facility”) with four banks, with GE as agent, effective December 10, 2007 which, among other things, increased the Company’s existing revolving credit facility from $55,000 to $121,000 and lowered the applicable LIBOR or Index Margin from 2.75% and 1.0%, respectively, to LIBOR and Index Margins of 2.00% and 0.25%, respectively. Interest accrues on the principal amount of the borrowings at a rate based on either LIBOR plus a LIBOR margin, or at the election of the borrower, at an Index Rate (prime based rate) plus an Index Margin. The applicable margins may be adjusted quarterly based on a change in specified financial ratios. Borrowings under the line are subject to certain financial covenants and restrictions on indebtedness, dividend payments, repurchase of Company common stock, financial guarantees, annual capital expenditures, and other related items. The availability of the revolving credit facility is not based on any borrowing base requirements, but borrowings are limited by certain financial covenants. The term portion of the Amended Credit Facility totaled $14,000 and $16,000 at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  The term loan portion of our credit facility was not changed with the Amended Credit Facility. The term loan is payable in $500 quarterly installments plus interest through March 1, 2011, with a final term payment of $10,500 and the revolver payable on April 3, 2011. The Company has provided a security interest in substantially all of the Company’s U.S. based assets as collateral for the Amended Credit Facility.

As of March 31, 2009, the Company utilized the LIBOR based rate for the term loan and the LIBOR based rate for $54,402 of the revolving credit facility under the Amended Credit Facility. The weighted average interest rate applicable to borrowings under the revolving credit facility was approximately 3.20% at March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009, the outstanding borrowings on the revolving credit facility, which is classified as long-term debt, were $71,407, and the Company had an additional $18,593 available under the revolving credit facility. The Company’s borrowing capacity is limited by financial covenant ratios, including earnings ratios, and as such, our borrowing capacity is subject to change.  At March 31, 2009, the Company could borrow an additional $18,593. Commitment fees on the unused balance were equal to 0.375% per annum of the average amount of unused balances. Financing fees associated with amendments are deferred as other assets and are amortized over the term of the debt.

On April 27, 2009, the Company entered into an amendment to the credit agreement with our lenders whereby the Company proactively negotiated a reduction of our debt covenant requirements, as a result of the decline in our sales and profitability resulting from the impact of the global recession.  The amendment provides the Company with additional flexibility under its minimum EBITDA covenant, total leverage ratio covenant, fixed charge ratio covenant and maximum capital expenditure covenant included in its senior credit facility. Under the terms of the amendment, the principal amount available under the Company’s revolver has been reduced from $121,000 to $90,000. The Amendment increased the interest rate by between 1.50% and 2.25%, with increases in the Index Margin and LIBOR Margin, which vary based on the Company’s debt to EBITDA leverage ratio, and also increased the commitment fee on the unused balance to 0.5% per annum.  Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company is prohibited from consummating any business acquisitions without lender approval during the covenant relief period, which ends March 31, 2010.  Management believes the Company will be in compliance with the revised debt covenants, but there can be no assurance that these reductions will be sufficient if the recession is longer or worse than we expect.  The Company is presently in compliance with applicable financial covenants at March 31, 2009.

 
F-23

 

The Company’s debt covenant requirements for March 31, 2009 and the next four quarters are as follows:

   
Amended Financial Covenant Requirements
 
   
March 31,
2009
   
June 30, 2009
   
September 30,
2009
   
December 31,
2009
   
March 31,
2010
 
Minimum Proforma Earnings Before Income Taxes, Stock Option,  Depreciation, and Amortization ("PEBITSDA")
  $ 29,000     $ 21,400     $ 16,600     $ 19,100     $ 24,750  
                                         
Minimum Adjusted Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the last twelve months
    1.20       1.10       1.00       1.15       1.20  
                                         
Maximum Adjusted Capital Expenditures for the last twelve months
  $ 9,448     $ 7,829     $ 6,541     $ 7,978     $ 8,758  
                                         
Maximum Adjusted Total Leverage Ratio
    3.25       4.00       5.00       4.25       3.25  
 
PEBITSDA is the Company’s earnings before income taxes, stock options, depreciation and amortization for last twelve months, in addition to the last twelve months of PEBITSDA for acquisitions.  Adjusted fixed charge coverage ratio is PEBITSDA less adjusted capital expenditures divided by fixed charges.  Fixed charges are the last twelve months of interest, taxes paid, and the last twelve months of payments of long-term debt, notes payable and capital leases.  Adjusted capital expenditures represent purchases of plant, property and equipment during the last twelve months.  Total leverage ratio is total debt less cash maintained in U.S. bank accounts which are subject to blocked account agreements with lenders divided by the last twelve months of PEBITSDA.  All of the aforementioned financial covenants are subject to various adjustments, many of which are detailed in the Amended Credit Agreement and subsequent amendments to the credit agreement previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as other adjustments approved by the lender.  These adjustments include such items as excluding capital expenditures associated with the new China facility from capital expenditures, and adjustments to PEBITSDA for certain items such litigation settlement costs, severance costs and other items considered non-recurring in nature.

Promissory Notes:  In connection with the acquisition of Intersema, the Company issued 20,000 Swiss franc unsecured promissory notes (“Intersema Notes”).  At March 31, 2009, the Intersema Note totaled $6,528, of which $2,176 was classified as current. The Intersema Notes are payable in four equal annual installments, the first of which was made in January 2009 and bear an interest rate of 4.5% per year.
 
Long-Term Debt and Promissory Notes:  Below is a summary of the long-term debt and promissory notes outstanding at March 31, 2009 and 2008:

   
March 31,
   
March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Prime or LIBOR plus 2.00% or 0.25% five-year term loan with a final installment due on April 3, 2011
  $ 14,000     $ 16,000  
                 
Governmental loans from French agencies at no interest and payable based on R&D expenditures
    517       794  
                 
Term credit facility with six banks at an interest rate of 4% payable through 2010
    608       1,079  
                 
Bonds issued at an interest rate of 3% payable through 2009
          553  
                 
Term credit facility with two banks at interest rates of 3.9%-4.0% payable through 2009
          40  
      15,125       18,466  
Less current portion of long-term debt
    2,356       3,157  
    $ 12,769     $ 15,309  
4.5% promissory note payable in four equal annual installments through December 28, 2011
  $ 6,528     $ 10,046  
Less current portion of promissory notes payable
    2,176       2,511  
    $ 4,352     $ 7,535  
 
 
F-24

 
 
The annual principal payments of long-term debt, promissory notes and revolver as of March 31, 2009 are as follows:
 
Year
 
Term
   
Other
   
Subtotal
   
Notes
   
Revolver
   
Total
 
2010
  $ 2,000     $ 356     $ 2,356     $ 2,176           $ 4,532  
2011
    1,500       709       2,209       2,176             4,385  
2012
    10,500       43       10,543       2,176       71,407       84,126  
2013
          17       17                   17  
2014
                                   
Thereafter
                                   
Total
  $ 14,000     $ 1,125     $ 15,125     $ 6,528     $ 71,407     $ 93,060  
 
9. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
 
Capital Stock:

The Company is authorized to issue 26,200,000 shares of capital stock, of which 221,756 shares have been designated as serial preferred stock and 25,000,000 shares have been designated as common stock. Each share of common stock has one vote. The Board of Directors has the authority without further action by shareholders to issue up to 978,244 shares of blank check preferred stock, none of which are issued or outstanding.

The repurchase of the Company’s common stock is restricted by our credit agreement with GE not to exceed $1,000 each fiscal year and not to exceed $4,000 cumulatively.  We have not declared cash dividends on our common equity. Additionally, the payment of dividends is prohibited under our credit agreement with GE. We intend to retain earnings to support our growth strategy and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income:
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income primarily consists of foreign currency translation adjustments. The largest portion of the cumulative translation adjustment relates to the Company’s European and Asian operations and reflects the changes in the Euro, RMB, Hong Kong dollar and Swiss franc exchange rates relative to the US dollar.  An immaterial amount of other comprehensive income relates to the defined benefit plan at Intersema.
 
10. BENEFIT PLANS:
 
Defined Contribution Plans:
 
The Company has a defined contribution plan qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Substantially all of its U.S. employees are eligible to participate after completing three months of service. Participants may elect to contribute a portion of their compensation to the plan. Under the plan, the Company has the discretion to match a portion of participants’ contributions. The Company recorded no expense under the plan for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, and an expense of $572, and $579 under the plan for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
Defined Benefit Plans:
 
The Company’s European operations maintain certain supplemental defined benefit plans for substantially all of its employees. The gross amount of the future benefit to be paid for pension and retirement will be fully covered through a specific contract subscribed through an insurance company. Annual payments for this obligation total approximately $32.

With the acquisition of Intersema, the Company acquired a defined benefit pension plan.  At March 31, 2009 and 2008, the fair value of the plan assets was $3,422 and $3,687, respectively, and the benefit obligation was $3,342 and $3,541, respectively. Overall, remaining amounts and related disclosures for the pension plan are immaterial to the consolidated financial statements.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan:

In September 2006, the Company established The Measurement Specialties, Inc. 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code to provide employees of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries with an opportunity to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock through accumulated payroll deductions. The purchase price for shares of the Company’s common stock under the ESPP is 95% of the lower of the closing value of the Company’s common stock on the first or last trading day of an offering period. In accordance with Statement of Position (“SOP”) 93-6, Employers’ Accounting for Employee Stock Ownership Plans, shares held by the ESPP are considered outstanding upon the commitment date for issuance for purposes of calculating diluted net income per common share. The Company issued 7,470 shares as part of the offering period ending March 31, 2009, and accordingly, these shares were considered outstanding as of March 31, 2009 in the calculation of diluted net income per common share. During fiscal 2008 and 2007, the Company issued 2,675 and 2,734 shares, respectively, as part of the offering period ending March 31, 2008 and 2007, and accordingly, these shares were considered outstanding as of March 31, 2008 and 2007 in the calculation of diluted net income per common share.

 
F-25

 
 
11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS:
 
With the purchase of YSI Temperature, the Company acquired a 50 percent ownership interest in Nikisso-THERM (“NT”), a joint venture in Japan. This joint venture is included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. At March 31, 2009 and 2008, NT had amounts due from Nikisso of $1,824 and $2,155, respectively.

Executive Services and Non-Cash Equity Based Compensation
 
On April 5, 2006, the Company entered into an Employment Agreement with Mr. Guidone, the current Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of the Company, effective as of March 30, 2006 (the “Employment Agreement”). The Employment Agreement is for an initial term of two years with automatic renewal for successive one-year terms unless either party gives timely notice of non renewal.
 
Under the terms of the Employment Agreement, Mr. Guidone will continue to serve as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company at an annual base salary of $450, which was subsequently reduced to $400 during the third quarter of fiscal 2009 as part of the Company’s efforts to cut costs to address the impact of the global economic recession. Pursuant to the terms of the Employment Agreement dated March 30, 2006, Mr. Guidone received an option to purchase 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price per share equal to the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on March 30, 2006 (the “Options”). The Options were granted pursuant to the Company’s 2006 Stock Option Plan. In addition, Mr. Guidone received a prepaid bonus in the amount of $50 in connection with the execution of the Employment Agreement. This prepaid bonus was credited against the aggregate of any bonus amounts payable to the CEO in fiscal 2007. Mr. Guidone shall also be eligible to receive an annual bonus pursuant to the Company’s Bonus Plan, payable in accordance with the terms thereof, based upon annual performance criteria and goals established by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company.
 
On November 6, 2007, the Company and Frank D. Guidone entered into an amendment and restatement (the “Restated Agreement”) of Mr. Guidone’s employment agreement with the Company. The Restated Agreement was approved by the Compensation Committee of the Company. The Restated Agreement, among other things, (1) removes the target bonus amount of 55% of Mr. Guidone’s annual salary and provides that the amount of any bonus payable to Mr. Guidone will be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board, (2) removes the fixed employment term (previously an initial term of two years continuing through March 31, 2008 and automatic renewal terms of one year thereafter) and (3) provides for the payment of severance benefits in the event that Mr. Guidone’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause or by Mr. Guidone for cause. Such severance benefits include a lump sum payment in the amount of (1) accrued but unpaid salary, (2) earned but unpaid bonus, (3) incurred but unreimbursed business expenses plus (4) 150% of Mr. Guidone’s annual salary.

12. INCOME TAXES:
 
Income from continuing operations before minority interest and income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 consists of the following:

   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
                   
Domestic
  $ (2,367 )   $ 5,146     $ (2,515 )
Foreign
    12,270       17,661       18,123  
Income before income taxes and minority interest
    9,903       22,807       15,608  
Minority interest
    388       364       524  
Income before income taxes
  $ 9,515     $ 22,443     $ 15,084  
 
 
F-26

 
 
Income tax expense from continuing operations consists of the following: 
 
       
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Current
                     
   
Federal
  $     $ 44     $ 64  
   
Foreign
    3,435       2,651       3,492  
   
State
    33       (1 )     144  
   
   Total
  $ 3,468     $ 2,694     $ 3,700  
                             
Deferred
                           
   
Federal
    (723 )     2,459       233  
   
Foreign
    1,575       622       (776 )
   
State
    (84 )     226       (30 )
   
   Total
    768       3,307       (573 )
        $ 4,236     $ 6,001     $ 3,127  
 
Differences between the federal statutory income tax rate and the effective tax rates using income before income taxes and after minority interest are as follows:

   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Statutory tax rate
    35.0 %     35.0 %     35.0 %
Return to provision adjustment
    -1.1 %     -0.8 %     0.6 %
Effect of foreign taxes
    -10.6 %     -13.3 %     -21.6 %
State taxes
    -0.5 %     0.8 %     0.8 %
Valuation allowance
    29.8 %     0.7 %     0.5 %
Stock options
    4.4 %     2.4 %     4.9 %
US tax on foreign income
    2.6 %     2.2 %     2.7 %
Tax Credits
    -11.2 %     -2.3 %     -3.3 %
Rate changes
    0.0 %     3.9 %     -0.5 %
Tax exempt income
    -2.1 %     0.0 %     0.0 %
Other
    -1.8 %     -1.9 %     1.6 %
      44.5 %     26.7 %     20.7 %

Differences between the Federal statutory rate and the effective tax rate have historically related mainly to reduced rates applied to pre-tax income generated by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries; however, during fiscal 2009, there was an additional significant difference due to the valuation allowance recorded for certain deferred tax assets principally at our German subsidiary. The Company considers undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the U.S. and, accordingly, no U.S. deferred taxes have been recorded with respect to such earnings. Should the earnings be remitted as dividends, the Company may be subject to additional U.S. taxes net of allowable foreign tax credits. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of any additional taxes which may be payable on the undistributed earnings. The larger permanent items in 2009 and 2008 include incentive stock options, tax credits, deemed foreign dividend income, as well as meals and entertainment. Included in the effect of foreign taxes is a reversal of a foreign income tax payable in 2008, which resulted in a reduction of income tax expense of $597. The income tax payable related to a foreign tax accrual from at least 2001, which had been previously considered a liability; however, based on recently discovered documentation, it was determined that the Company was not liable for the amounts previously accrued. The larger permanent items in 2007 include incentive stock options, deemed foreign dividend income and non-deductible foreign currency translation items, as well as meals and entertainment.

There were tax law changes in fiscal 2008 in Germany and China resulting in approximately $900 in additional income tax expense for the year ended March 31, 2008. Approximately $989 in additional non-cash income tax expense relates to the revaluation of the net deferred tax assets in Germany due to recently enacted decrease in tax rates. The Company’s combined tax rate in Germany decreased from 39% to 32%, as a result of the German Business Tax Reform 2008, which became effective on August 17, 2007.  The lower German corporate tax rates are effective in fiscal 2008.  
 
Prior to fiscal 2008, the Company had received on an annual basis over the past 9 years certain tax reductions from the tax authorities in China, as the Company qualified as a high-technology and export business enterprise. This special tax status provided the Company, among other things, reductions in statutory national and local tax rates in China from approximately 15% to approximately 10%. These reduced tax rates have resulted in tax reductions of approximately $416, or $0.03 per share, and $642, or $0.04 per share for fiscal years ended March 31, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Effective January 1, 2008, the statutory tax rate for 2008 increased to 18% under the new China Enterprise Income Tax Law and the rate subsequently increased to 20% January 1, 2009. The new law establishes a common 25% rate which applies to both domestic and foreign enterprises and is being phased in over a five-year period

The new China tax law includes provisions for high technology enterprises to qualify for a reduced rate of 15%. To qualify for this reduced rate the Company must meet various criteria in regard to its operation related to its sales, research and development activity, and intellectual property rights. Specifics of the criteria have been released over the past year and the Company’s initial application for high technology enterprise was not approved. The Company is monitoring information related to the qualification criteria and intends to seek to qualify again for the reduced tax rate. However, there is no assurance that the Company will qualify based on all the information available relating to the new tax law. Accordingly, the Company recorded China tax at the higher rate of 20% on current tax expense and 20% to 25% on net deferred tax assets. In fiscal 2008, approximately $191 non-cash income tax credit relates to the revaluation of the net deferred tax assets in China resulting from increase in income tax rates, which was partially offset by an increase of $102 in income tax expense for withholding taxes on undistributed earnings.

 
F-27

 
 
The Hong Kong statutory corporate tax rate applicable to the Company's Hong Kong Subsidiary’s earnings are taxed is 16.5%. The statutory tax rates for the Company's subsidiaries in France and Germany are approximately 33.0% and 32.0%, respectively. The statutory tax rates in Ireland are 12.5% for trade operating income and 25% for passive income such as interest. The statutory rate for Switzerland is approximately 22.0%.

The Company’s Swiss subsidiary had a reduced tax rate of 8.5% through December 31 2008, as a result of being granted a tax holiday by the Swiss tax authority. These reduced tax rates have resulted in tax reductions of approximately $95 or $0.01 per share for fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 and they were in a loss position for fiscal year ended March 31, 2008.  Presently, the Company is working with the local Swiss economic development authority to obtain a reduced tax rate after this tax holiday expires. However, there can be no assurance that a reduced tax rate in this jurisdiction will be granted.

The significant components of the net deferred tax assets at March 31, 2009 and 2008 consist of the following:

   
2009
   
2008
 
Current deferred tax assets:
           
Net operating loss caryforwards
  $     $ 2,834  
Accounts receivable allowance for doubtful accounts
    176       62  
Inventory
    974       705  
Accrued expenses
    634       745  
Other
    376       584  
   Total current deferred tax assets
    2,160       4,930  
                 
Current deferred tax liabilities:
               
Basis differences in acquired intangible assets
          (484 )
Other
    (93 )     (147 )
  Total current deferred tax liabilities
    (93 )     (631 )
                 
Net current deferred tax assets
  $ 2,067     $ 4,299  
                 
Long-term deferred tax assets:
               
AMT and other credit carry-forwards
  $ 2,131     $ 219  
Warranty and other accrued expenses
    350       246  
Net operating loss carryforwards
    11,024       8,091  
Stock options
    1,391       854  
Other
    850       19  
Total long term asset
    15,746       9,429  
Valuation allowance
    (3,048 )     (167 )
Net long-term deferred tax assets
    12,698       9,262  
                 
Long-term deferred tax liability
               
Basis difference in property, plant and equipment
    (1,111 )      
Basis difference in acquired intangible assets
    (6,978 )     (6,151 )
Other
    (1,624 )     (1,342 )
Total long-term deferred tax liabilities
    (9,713 )     (7,493 )
Net long term deferred tax asset
    2,985       1,769  
                 
Net deferred tax assets
  $ 5,052     $ 6,068  
 
 
F-28

 
 
The following are the net deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities by jurisdiction at March 31, 2009 and 2008:
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
             
Current deferred tax assets:
           
Domestic
  $ 1,392     $ 3,075  
Europe
    348       1,528  
China and Hong Kong
    420       327  
   Total
  $ 2,160     $ 4,930  
                 
Non-current deferred tax assets:
               
Domestic
  $ 8,676     $ 5,725  
Europe
    3,590       3,149  
China and Hong Kong
    432       388  
   Total
    12,698       9,262  
Total deferred tax assets
  $ 14,858     $ 14,192  
                 
                 
Current deferred tax liabilities:
               
Domestic
  $     $ (44 )
Europe
    (93 )     (587 )
   Total current deferred tax liabilities
  $ (93 )   $ (631 )
                 
Non-current deferred tax liabilities:
               
Domestic
  $ (2,427 )   $ (2,010 )
Europe
    (6,936 )     (5,380 )
China and Hong Kong
    (350 )     (103 )
   Total non-current deferred tax liabilities
    (9,713 )     (7,493 )
Total deferred tax liabilities
    (9,806 )     (8,124 )
Net deferred tax assets
  $ 5,052     $ 6,068  

The Company has a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets associated with net operating loss carry-forwards (“NOLs”). The Company recorded during fiscal 2009 a valuation allowance of approximately $2,881 for certain deferred tax assets. These valuation allowances recorded for Germany, Hong Kong, and the U.S. were $2,794, $34 and $53, respectively.  These non-cash charges to income tax expense reduced our net income by $2,881 or approximately $0.20 per diluted share.   Accounting guidance for such valuation allowances is strictly based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence which can be objectively verified as to whether it is more likely than not the NOLs will be utilized, and if positive evidence does not outweigh negative evidence, a valuation allowance is required.  At March 31, 2009, our German subsidiary had cumulative losses over the past three years, primarily due to the decrease in profitability during the second half of fiscal 2009 as a result of the global recession.  The negative evidence of three years of cumulative losses was considered to outweigh the positive evidence that the net operating losses were not subject to expiration, because the long-term prospects of future profitability were not considered objectively verifiable.  We expect our German subsidiary to return to profitability in a future period.  We will continue to assess on all available positive and negative evidence to determine if a valuation allowance is required. At March 31, 2009 and 2008, a cumulative valuation allowance of $108 relating to the Hong Kong subsidiary was recognized because the Company does not project utilizing the existing deferred tax asset. The Company does not have a valuation allowance for other remaining deferred tax assets, including the U.S. net operating losses. The analysis of positive evidence which could be objectively verified outweighs any negative evidence supporting the conclusion that an overall valuation allowance is not required for the other remaining deferred tax assets. Current and expected taxable income of the Company supports that an additional valuation allowance is not needed and it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the other remaining deferred tax assets.
 
The Company has U.S. federal and state net operating loss carry-forwards is approximately $17,556 and $16,493 at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, which expire beginning in fiscal year 2022.  The Company has net operating loss carry-forwards in Germany of approximately $12,093, which are not subject to expiration, but has a full valuation allowance recorded. During the year ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company realized $0 and $2,222, respectively, in benefits from the net operating loss carryforwards. The Company has a federal AMT tax credit carry-forward of approximately $232, which does not expire, and French R&D tax credits of $1,632 at March 31, 2009 not subject to expiration.  The French tax credits are recorded as a reduction to R&D operating expenses.

The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 effective April 1, 2007. The Company has historically applied the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, and as a result, the implementation of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. The amount of unrecognized tax benefit was $633 at April 1, 2007. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefit at April 1, 2007, if recognized, would be recorded against goodwill because the amounts were associated with acquisitions that the Company made in prior years.
 
 
F-29

 
 
The following is a reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits for the year ended March 31, 2009:
 
Unrecognized tax benefits, April 1, 2008
  $ 424  
Increases based on tax positions related to the current year
    38  
Increases for tax positions related to prior years
    3  
Lapse of statute of limitations
    (238 )
Unrecognized tax benefits, March 31, 2009
  $ 227  
 
The unrecognized tax benefits if recognized of $227 at March 31, 2009 would impact the effective tax rate.   The $238 reduction in the FIN 48 liability in the current year was recorded against goodwill as required under SFAS No. 141.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits. At March 31, 2009, the Company has a liability of $20 for penalties and $24 of interest. During 2009, the Company recognized no amounts for penalties and $3 for interest.  In 2008, no such amounts were recognized.  The interest related to unrecognized tax benefits is recorded in “Interest expense” and penalties related to tax matters is recorded in “Operating expenses.”

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. and various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company’s tax years for 2001 through 2008 are subject to examination by U.S. and foreign tax authorities. The additional tax years of 2003 through 2008 are subject to examination by China tax authorities.

Based on the expiration of the statute of limitations for specific jurisdictions, the related unrecognized tax benefit for positions previously taken may change in the next twelve months by approximately $170 recorded through goodwill.

13. EARNINGS PER SHARE INFORMATION:
 
Basic per share information is computed based on the weighted-average common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted per share information additionally considers the shares that may be issued upon exercise or conversion of stock options, less the shares that may be repurchased with the funds received from their exercise. The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
 
   
Net income
(Numerator)
   
Weighted
Average Shares
in thousands
(Denominator)
   
Per-Share
Amount
 
March 31, 2009:
                 
   Basic per share information
  $ 5,279       14,465     $ 0.36  
   Effect of dilutive securities
          110        
   Diluted per-share information
  $ 5,279       14,575     $ 0.36  
                         
March 31, 2008:
                       
   Basic per share information
  $ 16,442       14,360     $ 1.14  
   Effect of dilutive securities
          150       (0.01 )
   Diluted per-share information
  $ 16,442       14,510       1.13  
                         
March 31, 2007:
                       
   Basic per share information
  $ 14,234       14,156     $ 1.01  
   Effect of dilutive securities
          267       (0.02 )
   Diluted per-share information
  $ 14,234       14,423     $ 0.99  

For the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an aggregate of 1,943,142, 1,671,276, and 1,147,918 options, respectively, were excluded from the earnings per share calculation because their effect would be anti-dilutive.
 
14. STOCK OPTION PLANS:

The Company’s stock option plans are administered by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors, which approves grants to individuals eligible to receive awards and determines the number of shares and/or options subject to each award, the terms, conditions, performance measures, and other provisions of the award. The CEO can also grant individual awards up to certain limits as approved by the compensation committee. Terms for stock-option awards include pricing based on the closing price on the award date, and generally vest up to five years. Such awards are generally granted based on the individual’s performance. Shares issued under stock option plans are newly issued common stock.

On September 16, 2008, the Company’s shareholders approved a new stock-based compensation plan, the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2008 Plan”).  The 2008 Plan permits the granting of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, and restricted stock units.  Subject to certain adjustments, the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the 2008 Plan in connection with awards is 1,400,000 shares.  A total of 525,988 options to purchase shares were outstanding at March 31, 2009 under the 2008 Plan.  With the adoption of the 2008 Plan, no further options may be granted under the Company’s other option plans.

 
F-30

 

Options to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of common stock were eligible to be granted under the Company’s 2006 Stock Option Plan (‘2006 Plan’).  A total of 970,542, 952,745 and 644,000 options to purchase shares were outstanding at March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, under the 2006 plan.

On July 28, 2003, the Board of Directors adopted the Measurement Specialties, Inc. 2003 Stock Option Plan (“2003 Plan”), which was approved by shareholders at the 2003 Annual Meeting on September 23, 2003. Options to purchase up to 1,000,000 common shares were eligible to be granted under the 2003 Plan, and as of March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 respectively, 744,420, 780,765, and 853,600 stock options were issued and outstanding under the 2003 Plan.

Options to purchase up to 1,500,000 shares of common stock were capable of being granted under the Company’s 1998 Stock Option Plan, (‘1998 Plan’) until its expiration on October 19, 2008.  A total of 256,112, 287,729, and 412,062 options to purchase shares were outstanding at March 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively under the 1998 Plan.

Stock-option awards are priced based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the award date, generally vest over three to five year requisite service periods using a graded vesting schedule or subject to performance targets established by the compensation committee, and expire no later than ten years from the date of grant. Options may, but need not, qualify as ‘incentive stock options’ under section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code. Tax benefits are recognized upon nonqualified exercises and disqualifying dispositions of shares acquired by qualified exercises. There were no changes in the exercise prices of outstanding options, through cancellation and re-issuance or otherwise, for 2009, 2008, or 2007. Shares issued under stock option plans are newly issued common stock.  The number of shares remaining for future issuance under equity compensation plans totaled 874,012, 145,195, and 407,165, as of March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.

A summary of stock options outstanding as of March 31, 2009 and changes during the twelve months then ended is presented below:

   
Number of outstanding shares exercisable
   
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
 
   
Outstanding
   
Exercisable
   
Outstanding
   
Exercisable
 
March 31, 2008
    2,021,239       834,790       22.69       20.90  
Granted at market
    571,897               5.73          
Forfeited
    (65,557 )             20.82          
Exercised
    (30,517 )             6.17          
March 31, 2009
    2,497,062       1,201,329       19.07       22.31  
 
The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding at March 31, 2009, was $108 with a weighted-average remaining contractual life of 5.57 years and a weighted average exercise price of $19.07. Of these options outstanding, 1,201,329 were exercisable and 1,115,936 were expected to vest with aggregate intrinsic values of $108 and $0, respectively. The weighted-average contractual life of options exercisable and options expected to vest was 3.38 and 1.8 years, respectively. The weighted average exercise price of options exercisable and options expected to vest was $22.31 and $16.37, respectively. The following table provides information related to options exercised during the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007:

   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Total intrinsic value
  $ 323     $ 2,276     $ 4,316  
Cash received upon exercise of options
    276       1,664       1,865  
Related tax benefit realized
    10       260       1,276  

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model (graded vesting schedule with traunche by traunche measurement and recognition of compensation cost) with the following weighted-average assumptions:

   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Dividend yield
                 
Expected Volatility
    47.6 %     37.6 %     38.9 %
Risk-Free Interest Rate
    1.6 %     3.6 %     4.9 %
Expected term after vesting (in years)
    2.0       2.0       2.0  
Weighted-average grant-date fair value
  $ 1.96     $ 8.26     $ 7.54  

The assumptions above are based on multiple factors, including historical exercise patterns of employees with respect to exercise and post-vesting employment termination behaviors, expected future exercise patterns for these employees and the historical volatility of our stock price and the stock prices of companies in our peer group (Standard Industrial Classification or “SIC” Code 3823). The expected term of options granted is derived using company-specific, historical exercise information and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

 
F-31

 

In order to provide an appropriate expected volatility, one which marketplace participants would likely use in determining an exchange price for an option, the Company revised, during the quarter ended September 30, 2006, the method of calculating expected volatility by disregarding a period of the Company’s historical volatility data not considered representative of expected future volatility and replacing the disregarded period of time with peer group data. The Company considers the period of time disregarded to be within the “rare” situations stated in Security Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”). The Company experienced, during the period of time leading up to and after the restructuring in May 2002, a rare series of events, including a going concern situation, financial statement restatement, a class action shareholder lawsuit, an SEC investigation, a $4,400 asset write-down, significant net losses, and a halt in the trading of the Company’s common stock, none of which are expected to recur in the future.

At March 31, 2009, there was $3,885 of unrecognized compensation cost related to share-based payments, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years. The unrecognized compensation cost above is not adjusted for estimated forfeitures. Including estimated forfeitures, at March 31, 2009, there was $2,797 of unrecognized compensation cost related to share-based payments.

15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:
 
Leases:
 
The Company leases certain property and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases expiring on various dates through March 2056. The Company provided an unconditional guarantee up to a maximum amount of $1,000 under a property sub-lease if the sub-lessor defaults. Expenses for leases that include escalated lease payments are recorded on a straight-line basis over that base lease period, in accordance with SFAS No. 13. Rent expense, including real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance expenses associated with net operating leases approximates $4,915 for 2009, $4,396 for 2008, and $4,607 for 2007. At March 31, 2009, total minimum rent payments under leases with initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms of more than one year were:

   
Years ending March 31,
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2012
   
2013
   
2014
   
Thereafter
 
Minimum operating lease rent payments
  $ 3,908     $ 2,860     $ 2,400     $ 2,376     $ 2,348       9,806  
 
Minimum payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $150 per year due in the future under non-cancelable subleases.
 
The Company is obligated under capital lease arrangements for certain equipment. At March 31, 2009 and 2008, the amount of equipment recorded in property and equipment under capital leases were $1,047 and $1,603, respectively.
 
Below is a schedule of future payments under capital leases:
 
   
Years ending March 31,
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2012
   
2013
   
Total
 
Capital lease obligations
  $ 797       198       48     $ 4       1,047  

 Amortization of assets held under capital leases is included with depreciation expense.

Litigation:
 
Pending Legal Matters

There are currently no material pending legal proceedings. From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. The Company currently is not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that the Company believes will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, or operating results.
 
Settled legal matters:

The Honorable Dan Samuel v. Measurement Specialties, Inc., Case No. 3:06 cv 1005. On June 29, 2006, the Company was sued by a former director of the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. In this matter, the plaintiff, The Honorable Dan Samuel, a former director of the Company, allowed his stock options to terminate before he attempted to exercise them. Mr. Samuel claimed that the Company misled him with respect to when his options terminated/expired and asserted claims against the Company for negligent misrepresentation, fraud, breach of contract, and conversion and sought damages in an amount not less than $450 plus interest and costs. On August 30, 2006, the Company filed a motion to dismiss. At a conference before the Court, the Court suggested that Mr. Samuel file an amended complaint and that the Company, instead of moving to dismiss, answer the amended complaint, take some discovery and then renew its motion to dismiss as a motion for summary judgment at the conclusion of discovery. Consistent with the Court's direction, on October 12, 2006, Mr. Samuel filed an amended complaint which contained counts asserting negligent misrepresentation, fraud, breach of contract, conversion and promissory estoppels. The Company answered the amended complaint and have asserted numerous affirmative defenses. On April 16, 2007, the Company reached an agreement in principle to settle this lawsuit. Pursuant to the agreement, the case was settled on a no fault basis in exchange for a payment by the Company in the amount of $225 to Mr. Samuel. On May 7, 2007, a Stipulation of Dismissal of Prejudice and without cost as to all causes of Action by Dan Samuel was filed with the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut. The settlement of this matter resulted in an expense of $225 in fiscal 2007, which was paid during fiscal 2008.

 
F-32

 
 
Robert L. DeWelt v. Measurement Specialties, Inc. et al., Civil Action No. 02-CV-3431 . On July 17, 2002, Robert DeWelt, the former acting Chief Financial Officer and former acting general manager of the Company’s Schaevitz Division, filed a lawsuit against the Company and certain of the Company’s officers and directors in the United States District Court of the District of New Jersey. Mr. DeWelt resigned on March 26, 2002 in disagreement with management’s decision not to restate certain of the Company’s financial statements. The lawsuit alleged a claim for constructive wrongful discharge and violations of the New Jersey Conscientious Employee Protection Act. Mr. DeWelt sought an unspecified amount of compensatory and punitive damages. The Company filed a Motion to Dismiss this case, which was denied on June 30, 2003. The Company answered the complaint and engaged in the discovery process. On December 1, 2006, the Company filed a motion for summary judgment seeking dismissal of all claims. The Court denied the motion, but pursuant to the election of remedies provision of the New Jersey Conscientious Employee Protection Act, two of the common law claims were waived by Mr. DeWelt and dismissed by the Court. The trial of this case was scheduled for June 2007. On June 1, 2007, Mr. DeWelt voluntarily dismissed his claim for breach of contract, intending to proceed to trial on only his claim under the New Jersey Conscientious Employee Protection Act.  However, the parties orally agreed to a settlement in the amount of $1,050 and the Court cancelled the trial.  The parties executed a settlement agreement to writing and filed a stipulation dismissing the lawsuit with prejudice once the agreement was signed and the settlement payment was issued. Accordingly, the Company accrued a liability for the DeWelt matter in the amount of $1,050 at March 31, 2007, which was paid during fiscal 2008.

Contingency:  Exports of technology necessary to develop and manufacture certain of our products are subject to U.S. export control laws, and we may be subject to adverse regulatory consequences, including government oversight of facilities and export transactions, monetary penalties and other sanctions for violations of these laws.  All exports of technology necessary to develop and manufacture our products are subject to U.S. export control laws. In certain instances, these regulations may prohibit us from developing or manufacturing certain of our products for specific end applications outside the United States. In late May 2009, the Company became aware that certain of its piezo products when designed or modified for use with or incorporation into a defense article are subject the International Traffic in Arms Regulations ("ITAR") administered by the United States Department of State.  Certain technical data relating to the design of the products may have been exported to China without authorization from the U.S. Department of State. As required by the ITAR, we are currently investigating the matter thoroughly. In addition, we have taken steps to mitigate the impact of potential violations, and we are in the process of strengthening our export-related controls and procedures. The U.S. Department of State encourages voluntary disclosures and generally affords parties mitigating credit under such circumstances. We nevertheless could be subject to continued investigation and potential regulatory consequences related to these possible violations ranging from a no-action letter, government oversight of facilities and export transactions, monetary penalties, and in extreme cases, debarment from government contracting, denial of export privileges and criminal penalties. At March 31, 2009, the Company has not accrued a liability for this matter.
 
Acquisition Earn-Outs and Contingent Payments:  In connection with the Visyx acquisition, the Company has a contingent payment obligation of approximately $2,000 based on the commercialization of certain sensors, and a sales performance based earn-out totaling $9,000. In connection with the Intersema acquisition, the Company has earnings performance based earn-out obligations totaling 20,000 Swiss francs.  In connection with the Atexis acquisition, the selling shareholders have the potential to receive up to an additional €2,000 tied to 2009 and 2010 sales growth objectives.  In connection with FGP acquisition, the selling shareholders have the potential to receive up to an additional €1,400 tied to 2009 sales growth objectives.  No amounts related of the above acquisition earn-outs were accrued at March 31, 2009 since the contingencies were not determinable or achieved.

16. SEGMENT INFORMATION:
 
The Company continues to have one reporting segment, a sensor business, under the guidelines established with SFAS 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. For a description of the products and services of the Sensor business, see Note 1.  During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, the Company began to realign its operating structure to facilitate better focus on cross-selling of the differing sensor products, as well as to address current business conditions and other changes within management, which resulted in one operating segment.   Accordingly, the Company currently has one single reporting segment.  Management continually assesses the Company’s operating structure, and this structure could be modified further based on future circumstances and business conditions.

Geographic information, excluding discontinued operations, for revenues based on country from which invoiced, and long-lived assets based on country of location, which includes property, plant and equipment, but excludes intangible assets and goodwill, net of related depreciation and amortization follows:

 
F-33

 

   
For the years ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Net Sales:
                 
United States
  $ 93,647     $ 107,734     $ 106,476  
France
    28,110       28,021       21,576  
Germany
    15,375       19,323       15,587  
Ireland
    12,041       12,969       11,002  
Switzerland
    13,070       4,396        
China
    41,700       55,940       45,609  
Total:
  $ 203,943     $ 228,383     $ 200,250  
                         
Long Lived Assets:
                       
United States
  $ 7,754     $ 6,624     $ 5,969  
France
    7,860       6,808       5,194  
Germany
    2,253       2,817       1,865  
Ireland
    3,434       4,263       3,550  
Switzerland
    1,918       2,418        
China
    23,656       17,785       10,981  
Total:
  $ 46,875     $ 40,715     $ 27,559  

17. CONCENTRATIONS:
 
Although the Company has a U.S. dollar functional currency for reporting purposes, it has manufacturing sites throughout the world and a large portion of its sales are generated in foreign currencies. A substantial portion of our revenues are priced in U.S. dollars, and most of our costs and expenses are priced in U.S. dollars, with the remaining priced in Chinese renminbi, Euros, Swiss francs and Japanese yen. Sales by subsidiaries operating outside of the United States are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates effective during the respective period. As a result, the Company is exposed to movements in the exchange rates of various currencies against the United States dollar. Accordingly, the competitiveness of our products relative to products produced locally (in foreign markets) may be affected by the performance of the U.S. dollar compared with that of our foreign customers’ currencies. The Company has generally accepted the exposure to exchange rate movements without using derivative financial instruments to manage this risk. Therefore, both positive and negative movements in currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar will continue to affect the reported amount of sales, profit, and assets and liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
The following table details annual net sales invoiced from our facilities within the U.S. and outside of the U.S. and as a percentage of total net sales for the last three years, as well as net assets and the related functional currencies:

   
For the years ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Net sales:
                 
U.S. facilities
  $ 93,647     $ 107,734     $ 106,476  
U.S. facilities % of sales
    46 %     47 %     53 %
Non-U.S. facilities
  $ 110,296     $ 120,649     $ 93,774  
Non-U.S. facilities % of sales
    54 %     53 %     47 %
                         
Net assets:
                       
U.S. dollar
  $ 51,640     $ 49,082     $ 40,547  
Chinese renminbi
    22,419       17,306       23,810  
Hong Kong dollar
    61,588       63,827       40,981  
Euro
    18,273       19,562       12,285  
Japanese yen
    2,360       3,787       3,014  
Swiss franc
    996       2,225        
 
The Company is exposed to credit losses in the event of nonperformance by counter parties to its financial instruments. The Company places cash with various major financial institutions in the United States, Europe, Hong Kong, and China. Cash held in foreign institutions amounted to $9,702 and $20,069 at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Company periodically evaluates the relative credit standing of financial institutions considered in its cash investment strategy. Our emphasis is primarily on safety and liquidity of principal and secondarily on maximizing yield on those funds. Measurement Specialties Sensor (China) Ltd. is subject to certain Chinese government regulations, including currency exchange controls, which limit cash dividends and loans to Measurement Specialties Sensor (Asia) Limited and Measurement Specialties, Inc.

Accounts receivable are primarily concentrated in the United States and Europe and the note receivable is concentrated in Hong Kong. At March 31, 2009 and 2008, accounts receivable in the United States totaled $14,879 and $19,109, respectively, and accounts receivable in Europe totaled $11,237 and $13,629, respectively. To limit credit risk, the Company evaluates the financial condition and trade payment experience of customers to whom credit is extended. The Company does not require customers to furnish collateral, though certain foreign customers furnish letters of credit.  In addition, concentrations of credit risk arising from trade accounts receivable are limited due to the diversity of the Company’s customers.  Notwithstanding these efforts, the current distress in the global economy may increase the difficulty in collecting accounts receivable.

 
F-34

 
 
The Company manufactures the substantial majority of its non-temperature sensor products in the Company’s factories located at owned premises in Shenzhen, China. Sensors are also manufactured at the Company’s United States leased facilities located in Virginia, and California and at three of the Company’s facilities in France, Germany and Switzerland. The Company manufactures a significant portion of the temperature sensors at leased facilities in Ohio, China and in Ireland. A larger portion of the Company’s temperature sensors are manufactured by Betacera Inc., a Taiwanese-based contract manufacturer in China. Additionally, most of the Company’s products contain key components, which are obtained from a limited number of sources. These concentrations in external and foreign sources of supply present risks of interruption for reasons beyond the Company’s control, including, political, economic and legal uncertainties resulting from the Company’s operations outside the U.S.
 
Our largest customer is Sensata, a large U.S. OEM automotive supplier, and accounted for approximately 14% of our net sales during fiscal 2009, 18% of our net sales during fiscal 2008, and approximately 15% of our net sales during fiscal 2007. At March 31, 2009, the trade receivable with our largest customer was approximately $6,021. No other customers accounted for more than 10% during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007.
 
18. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED):
 
Presented below is a schedule of selected quarterly operating results.

   
First
Quarter
Ended
June 30
   
Second
Quarter Ended
September 30
   
Third
Quarter
Ended
December 31
   
Fourth
Quarter
Ended
March 31
 
Year Ended March 31, 2009
                       
Net sales
  $ 58,998     $ 58,888     $ 43,299     $ 42,758  
Gross profit
    25,241       25,037       18,920       16,412  
Income (loss) from continuing operations
    3,855       3,718       876       (3,170 )
Net income (loss)
    3,855       3,718       876       (3,170 )
Income - continuing operations
                               
EPS basic
    0.27       0.26       0.06       (0.22 )
EPS diluted
    0.27       0.26       0.06       (0.22 )
                                 
Year Ended March 31, 2008
                               
Net sales
  $ 53,151     $ 56,462     $ 55,991     $ 62,779  
Gross profit
    22,884       23,361       23,469       25,647  
Income from continuing operations
    3,715       3,349       4,853       4,525  
Income (loss) from discontinued operations net of taxes before gain
    30       20       51       (101 )
Net Income
    3,745       3,369       4,904       4,424  
Earnings per share - continuing operations
                               
EPS basic
    0.26       0.24       0.33       0.30  
EPS diluted
    0.26       0.23       0.33       0.30  
Earnings (loss) per share - discontinued operations
                               
EPS basic
                      (0.01 )
EPS diluted
                      (0.01 )

Earnings per share are computed independently for each of the quarters presented, on the basis described in Note 13. The sum of the quarters may not be equal to the full year earnings per share amounts. The Company recorded a valuation allowance of approximately $2,881 during the quarter ended March 31, 2009 for certain deferred tax assets associated with net operating loss carryforwards primarily at our German subsidiary.  During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, the Company reversed the accruals for bonus compensation plan and 401(k) match totaling $676, and the Company recorded an adjustment to income for $500 to increase inventory balances related to the Intersema acquisition.  During the quarter ended March 31, 2007, the Company recorded $1,275 in litigation settlement charges and approximately $620 in tax adjustments related to the year end tax provision. During the quarter ended September 30, 2007, the Company recorded a $997 discrete non-cash income tax expense adjustment for the revaluation of the net deferred tax assets in Germany resulting from a recent decrease in the German tax rates. During the third quarter ended December 31, 2007, the Company recorded a net non-cash tax credit adjustment of $175 related to the revaluation of the net deferred tax assets for its MEAS China subsidiary due to a tax law change, and $349 in addition income tax expense for the accrual of a 5% withholding tax. During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Company reclassified interest income previously classified as discontinued operations to continuing operations and the Company reversed a foreign income tax payable totaling $597, as discussed in Note 12. The Company assessed the impact of these adjustments relative to the first three quarters and prior year, and determined there was no material impact on the periods reported.

 
F-35

 

SCHEDULE II
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Years Ended March 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007

Col. A
 
Col. B
   
Col. C
   
Col. D
   
Col. E
 
         
Additions
             
Description
 
Balance at
Beginning
of Period
   
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
   
Charged to
Other
Accounts
Describe
   
Deductions-
Describe
   
Balance at End
of Period
 
Year ended March 31, 2009
                             
Deducted from asset accounts:
                             
   Allowance for doubtful accounts
  $ 696     $ 714     $ (43 )(e)   $ (469 )(a)   $ 898  
   Inventory allowance
    3,410       555       (11 )(e)     (465 )(c)     3,489  
   Valuation allowance for deferred taxes
    167       2,881                   3,048  
   Warranty Reserve
    400       (59 )     (8 )(e)     (77 )(d)     256  
Year ended March 31, 2008
                                       
Deducted from asset accounts:
                                       
   Allowance for doubtful accounts
  $ 516     $ 220     $ 44 (e)   $ (84 )(a)   $ 696  
   Inventory allowance
    3,158       696       32 (e)     (476 )(c)     3,410  
   Valuation allowance for deferred taxes
    141       22             4       167  
   Warranty Reserve
    401       409       10 (e)     (420 )(d)     400  
Year ended March 31, 2007
                                       
Deducted from asset accounts:
                                       
   Allowance for doubtful accounts
  $ 447     $ 258     $ 30 (e)   $ (219 )(a)   $ 516  
   Sales return and allowance
    60       102             (162 )(b)      
   Inventory allowance
    3,296       1,508       9 (e)     (1,655 )(c)     3,158  
   Valuation allowance for deferred taxes
    58       83                   141  
   Warranty Reserve
    146       432       59 (e)     (236 )(d)     401  
 
Notes:          
(a) Bad debts written off, net of recoveries
(b) Actual returns received
(c) Inventory sold or destroyed, production credit and foreign exchange
(d) Costs of product repaired or replaced and foreign exchange
(e) Recorded as part of purchase accounting

 
S-1