Edgar Filing: Gogo Inc.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

¨ (Do not check if smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

Form 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One):

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-35975

LOGO

Gogo Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

27-1650905

(State or other jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

111 North Canal St., Suite 1500

Chicago, IL 60606

(Address of principal executive offices)

Telephone Number (312) 517-5000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

As of November 2, 2015, 85,847,932 shares of $0.0001 par value common stock were outstanding.

Gogo Inc.

INDEX


		Page
Part I.	Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements		2
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets		2
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations		3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss		4
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows		5
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements		6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		24
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		46
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		47

Part II.	Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		48
Item 1A.	Risk Factors		48
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		48
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities		48
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		48
Item 5.	Other Information		48
Item 6.	Exhibits		49
Signatures			50

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share data)


	September 30,			December 31,
	2015			2014
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	387,955		$	211,236
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $592 and $774, respectively		51,812			48,509
Inventories		21,911			21,913
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		9,589			13,236

Total current assets		471,267			294,894

Non-current assets:
Property and equipment, net		419,399			363,108
Intangible assets, net		78,200			78,464
Goodwill		620			620
Long-term restricted cash		7,535			7,874
Debt issuance costs		17,662			11,296
Other non-current assets		13,159			11,384

Total non-current assets		536,575			472,746

Total assets	$	1,007,842		$	767,640

Liabilities and Stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	27,154		$	41,026
Accrued liabilities		74,303			52,894
Accrued airline revenue share		13,240			13,273
Deferred revenue		27,536			20,181
Deferred airborne lease incentives		19,124			13,767
Current portion of long-term debt and capital leases		9,873			10,345

Total current liabilities		171,230			151,486

Non-current liabilities:
Long-term debt		566,749			301,922
Deferred airborne lease incentives		107,610			83,794
Deferred tax liabilities		7,218			6,598
Other non-current liabilities		59,850			26,082

Total non-current liabilities		741,427			418,396

Total liabilities		912,657			569,882

Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)		—			—
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share; 500,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014; 86,068,937 and 85,483,300 shares issued at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively; and 85,847,932 and 85,300,774 shares outstanding at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively		9			9
Additional paid-in-capital		856,267			884,205
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(2,101	)		(1,200	)
Accumulated deficit		(758,990	)		(685,256	)

Total stockholders’ equity		95,185			197,758

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,007,842		$	767,640

See the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except per share amounts)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Revenue:
Service revenue	$	107,243		$	81,586		$	304,044		$	233,042
Equipment revenue		19,164			22,449			59,065			66,216

Total revenue		126,407			104,035			363,109			299,258

Operating expenses:
Cost of service revenue (exclusive of items shown below)		45,477			42,747			135,406			123,942
Cost of equipment revenue (exclusive of items shown below)		9,744			11,906			29,375			30,519
Engineering, design and development		21,367			16,193			55,732			46,081
Sales and marketing		12,345			10,354			34,051			28,083
General and administrative		26,813			21,102			76,652			58,529
Depreciation and amortization		22,224			17,016			61,814			47,585

Total operating expenses		137,970			119,318			393,030			334,739

Operating loss		(11,563	)		(15,283	)		(29,921	)		(35,481	)

Other (income) expense:
Interest income		(49	)		(11	)		(65	)		(35	)
Interest expense		16,734			9,370			42,630			23,999
Other (income) expense		377			(35	)		287			28

Total other expense		17,062			9,324			42,852			23,992

Loss before incomes taxes		(28,625	)		(24,607	)		(72,773	)		(59,473	)
Income tax provision		245			292			961			954

Net loss	$	(28,870	)	$	(24,899	)	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)

Net loss attributable to common stock per share—basic and diluted	$	(0.37	)	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.92	)	$	(0.71	)

Weighted average number of shares—basic and diluted		78,633			85,226			80,047			85,103

See the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(in thousands)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Net loss	$	(28,870	)	$	(24,899	)	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)
Currency translation adjustments		(412	)		(473	)		(901	)		(353	)

Comprehensive loss	$	(29,282	)	$	(25,372	)	$	(74,635	)	$	(60,780	)

See the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014
Operating activities:
Net loss	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		61,814			47,585
Loss on asset disposals/abandonments		2,075			1,489
Deferred income taxes		620			621
Stock-based compensation expense		10,843			6,732
Amortization of deferred financing costs		3,016			2,452
Accretion of debt discount		8,472			—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(3,685	)		(10,820	)
Inventories		2			(3,600	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		3,848			2,919
Accounts payable		(5,146	)		5,406
Accrued liabilities		15,633			1,412
Accrued airline revenue share		(30	)		1,613
Deferred airborne lease incentives		22,525			13,384
Deferred revenue		19,755			6,129
Deferred rent		19,927			3,660
Accrued interest		1,116			9
Other non-current assets and liabilities		286			296

Net cash provided by operating activities		87,337			18,860

Investing activities:
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment		75			32
Purchases of property and equipment		(105,105	)		(94,941	)
Acquisition of intangible assets—capitalized software		(12,678	)		(14,572	)
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash		20			(2,500	)

Net cash used in investing activities		(117,688	)		(111,981	)

Financing activities:
Proceeds from the issuance of convertible notes		361,940			—
Proceeds from credit facility		—			75,000
Forward transactions		(140,000	)		—
Payment of issuance costs		(10,669	)		(1,500	)
Payment of debt, including capital leases		(8,884	)		(6,263	)
Stock option exercises		4,113			2,772

Net cash provided by financing activities		206,500			70,009

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		570			(24	)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		176,719			(23,136	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		211,236			266,342

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	387,955		$	243,206

Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for interest	$	30,666		$	21,484
Cash paid for taxes		409			333
Noncash Investing and Financing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment in current liabilities	$	24,611		$	16,643
Purchases of property and equipment paid by commercial airlines		7,295			3,245
Purchases of property and equipment under capital leases		3,178			2,942
Acquisition of intangible assets in current liabilities		1,654			1,034
Asset retirement obligation incurred		769			1,210

See the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1.	Basis of Presentation

The Business - Gogo Inc. (“we”, “us”, “our”) is a holding company, which through its operating subsidiaries is a provider of in-flight connectivity and wireless in-cabin digital entertainment solutions. We operate through the following three segments: Commercial Aviation North America or “CA-NA”, Commercial Aviation Rest of World or “CA-ROW” and Business Aviation or “BA”. Services provided by our CA-NA and CA-ROW businesses include Gogo Connectivity, which allows passengers to connect to the internet from their personal Wi-Fi-enabled devices; Gogo Vision, which offers passengers the opportunity to enjoy a broad selection of in-flight entertainment options on their personal Wi-Fi enabled devices; and other service revenue, which include a broad range of customizable, targeted content, advertising and e-commerce services. Services are provided by the CA-NA business on commercial aircraft flying routes that generally begin and end within North America, which for this purpose includes the United States, Canada and Mexico. Our CA-ROW business, which is in the start-up phase as we launched commercial international service in March 2014, provides service on commercial aircraft operated by foreign-based commercial airlines and international flights of North American based commercial airlines. The routes included in our CA-ROW segment are those that begin and/or end outside of North America (as defined above) for which our international service is provided. Our BA business provides in-flight internet connectivity and other voice and data communications products and services and sells equipment for in-flight telecommunications to the business aviation market. BA services include Gogo Biz, our in-flight broadband service which utilizes our ATG network and spectrum, Gogo Vision, and satellite-based voice and data services through our strategic alliances with satellite companies.

Basis of Presentation - The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and in conformity with Article 10 of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with our annual audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 as filed with the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 27, 2015 (the “2014 10-K”). These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all material adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly state, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.

The results of operations and cash flows for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2015.

We have one class of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates the significant estimates and bases such estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. However, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Reclassifications - In order to conform to the current year presentation, certain amounts in our 2014 unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows have been reclassified. Specifically, accrued interest is stated separately in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2014, accrued interest of $9 thousand had been included in accrued liabilities in our unaudited condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.

2.	Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue From Contracts With Customers (“ASU 2014-09”). This pronouncement outlines a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within the annual reporting periods. Early adoption of the guidance is permitted for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016,

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

including interim reporting periods within the annual reporting periods. This standard will be applied using either the full or modified retrospective adoption methods. We will adopt this guidance as of January 1, 2018. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). This pronouncement provides additional guidance surrounding the disclosure of going concern uncertainties in the financial statements and requires that management perform interim and annual assessments of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued. We will adopt this guidance as of January 1, 2017. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will result in additional disclosures.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) (“ASU 2015-03”), which requires that debt issuance costs be presented in the balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability. The new requirement is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2015, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Retrospective presentation is required for all comparable periods presented. As of September 30, 2015, we have $17.7 million of debt issuance costs that will be reclassified from a long-term asset to a reduction in the carrying amount of our debt when this requirement becomes effective.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (“ASU 2015 -11”), which requires entities to measure most inventory “at the lower of cost and net realizable value,” thereby simplifying the current guidance under which an entity must measure inventory at the lower of cost or market (market in this context is defined as one of three different measures). ASU 2015-11 will not apply to inventories that are measured by using either the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method or the retail inventory method (RIM). ASU 2015-11 is effective prospectively for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods therein. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

3.	Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share have been calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The shares of common stock effectively repurchased in connection with the Forward Transactions (as defined and described in Note 8, “Long-Term Debt and Other Liabilities”) are considered participating securities requiring the two-class method to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share. Net earnings in future periods will be allocated between common shares and participating securities. In periods of a net loss, the shares associated with the Forward Transactions will not receive an allocation of losses, as the counterparties to the Forward Transactions are not required to fund losses. Additionally, the calculation of weighted average shares outstanding as of September 30, 2015 excludes approximately 7.2 million shares that will be repurchased as a result of the Forward Transactions.

As a result of the net loss for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, all of the outstanding shares of common stock underlying stock options, deferred stock units and restricted stock units were excluded from the computation of diluted shares outstanding because they were anti-dilutive.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014; however, because of the undistributed losses, the shares of common stock associated with the Forward Transactions are excluded from the computation of basic earnings per share in 2015 as undistributed losses are not allocated to these shares (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Net loss	$	(28,870	)	$	(24,899	)	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)
Less: Participation rights of the Forward Transactions		—			—			—			—

Undistributed losses	$	(28,870	)	$	(24,899	)	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)

Weighted-average common shares outstanding-basic and diluted		78,633			85,226			80,047			85,103

Net loss attributable to common stock per share-basic and diluted	$	(0.37	)	$	(0.29	)	$	(0.92	)	$	(0.71	)

4.	Inventories

Inventories consist primarily of telecommunications systems and parts, and are recorded at the lower of cost (average cost) or market. We evaluate the need for write-downs associated with obsolete, slow-moving, and nonsalable inventory by reviewing net realizable inventory values on a periodic basis.

Inventories as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, all of which were included within the BA segment, were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2015		December 31, 2014
Work-in-process component parts	$	13,427	$	16,578
Finished goods		8,484		5,335

Total inventory	$	21,911	$	21,913

5.	Composition of Certain Balance Sheet Accounts

Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2015		December 31, 2014
Prepaid rent	$	2,471	$	1,314
Prepaid insurance		901		187
Tenant improvement allowance receivables		91		5,406
Deposits and prepayments on satellite services		10		972
Other		6,116		5,357

Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	9,589	$	13,236

Property and equipment as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30,			December 31,
	2015			2014
Office equipment, furniture, fixtures and other	$	43,447		$	32,289
Leasehold improvements		41,787			31,031
Airborne equipment		387,837			319,835
Network equipment		152,831			146,795

		625,902			529,950
Accumulated depreciation		(206,503	)		(166,842	)

Property and equipment, net	$	419,399		$	363,108

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Other non-current assets as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2015		December 31, 2014
Deposits on satellite and other airborne equipment	$	10,107	$	5,689
Canadian ATG license payments (1)		2,023		2,417
Deposits on furniture and fixtures		—		2,335
Other		1,029		943

Total other non-current assets	$	13,159	$	11,384

(1)

See Note 17, “Canadian ATG Spectrum License” for further information.

Accrued liabilities as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2015		December 31, 2014
Employee compensation and benefits	$	20,480	$	13,211
Airborne equipment and installation costs		14,284		9,548
Airborne partner related accrued liabilities		10,953		7,718
Deferred rent		3,596		3,637
Other		24,990		18,780

Total accrued liabilities	$	74,303	$	52,894

Other non-current liabilities as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2015		December 31, 2014
Deferred rent	$	34,344	$	14,390
Deferred revenue		13,141		741
Asset retirement obligations		7,303		6,153
Capital leases		4,197		3,813
Other		865		985

Total other non-current liabilities	$	59,850	$	26,082

6.	Intangible Assets

Our intangible assets are comprised of both indefinite-lived and finite-lived intangible assets. Intangible assets with indefinite lives and goodwill are not amortized, but are reviewed for impairment at least annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. We perform our annual impairment tests of our indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. We also reevaluate the useful life of the indefinite-lived intangible assets each reporting period to determine whether events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life. The results of our annual indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill impairment assessments in the fourth quarter of 2014 indicated no impairment.

As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, our goodwill balance, all of which related to our BA segment, was $0.6 million.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Our intangible assets, other than goodwill, as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands, except for weighted average remaining useful life):


	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)		As of September 30, 2015							As of December 31, 2014
	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Amortized intangible assets:

Software		2.5	$	85,761	$	(46,775	)	$	38,986	$	72,940	$	(35,075	)	$	37,865
Trademark/trade name		2.6		3,072		(2,962	)		110		3,072		(2,929	)		143
Aircell Axxess technology				4,129		(4,129	)		—		4,129		(4,103	)		26
OEM and dealer relationships		1.3		6,724		(5,826	)		898		6,724		(5,322	)		1,402
Service customer relationship		4.6		8,081		(3,503	)		4,578		8,081		(2,747	)		5,334
Other intangible assets		4.5		1,500		(155	)		1,345		1,500		(89	)		1,411

Total amortized intangible assets				109,267		(63,350	)		45,917		96,446		(50,265	)		46,181
Unamortized intangible assets:
FCC Licenses				32,283		—			32,283		32,283		—			32,283

Total intangible assets			$	141,550	$	(63,350	)	$	78,200	$	128,729	$	(50,265	)	$	78,464

Amortization expense was $4.9 million and $13.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $2.5 million and $8.0 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods.

Amortization expense for each of the next five years and thereafter is estimated to be as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,	Amortization Expense
2015 (period from October 1 to December 31)	$	4,585
2016	$	17,203
2017	$	12,033
2018	$	6,630
2019	$	2,398
Thereafter	$	3,068

Actual future amortization expense could differ from the estimated amount as the result of future investments and other factors.

7.	Warranties

Our BA segment provides warranties on parts and labor for our systems. Our warranty terms range from two to five years. Warranty reserves are established for costs that are estimated to be incurred after the sale, delivery, and installation of the products under warranty. The warranty reserves are determined based on known product failures, historical experience and other available evidence, and are included in accrued liabilities in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our warranty reserve balance was $1.5 million and $1.1 million as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

8.	Long-Term Debt and Other Liabilities

Long-term debt as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 was as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2015			December 31, 2014
Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility	$	303,236		$	309,244
Convertible Notes		270,445			—
Alaska Facility		—			1,008

Total debt		573,681			310,252
Less current portion of long-term debt		(6,932	)		(8,330	)

Total long-term debt	$	566,749		$	301,922

Convertible Notes – On March 3, 2015, we issued $340.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2020 (the “Convertible Notes”) in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers, pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We granted an option to the initial purchasers to purchase up to an additional $60.0 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes to cover over-allotments, of which $21.9 million was subsequently exercised during March 2015, resulting in a total issuance of $361.9 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes. We expect to use the net proceeds from the Convertible Notes, after giving effect of the Forward Transactions (as defined below), for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including potential costs associated with developing and launching our next-generation technology solutions and the acquisition of additional spectrum should it become available. The Convertible Notes mature on March 1, 2020 unless earlier repurchased or converted into shares of our common stock under certain circumstances described below. Upon maturity, we have the option to settle our obligation through cash, shares of common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock. We pay interest on the Convertible Notes semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on September 1, 2015.

The $361.9 million of proceeds received from the issuance of the Convertible Notes were initially allocated between long-term debt (the liability component) at $261.9 million, and additional paid-in-capital, (the equity component) at $100.0 million, within the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of the liability component was measured using rates determined for similar debt instruments without a conversion feature. The carrying amount of the equity component, representing the conversion option, was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the aggregate face value of the Convertible Notes. If we or the note holders elect not to settle the debt through conversion, we must settle the Convertible Notes at face value. Therefore, the liability component will be accreted up to the face value of the Convertible Notes, which will result in additional non-cash interest expense being recognized within the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations through the Convertible Notes maturity date (see Note 9, “Interest Costs” for additional information). The effective interest rate on the Convertible Notes, including accretion of the notes to par and debt issuance cost amortization, was approximately 11.5% for the nine month period ended September 30, 2015. The equity component will not be remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification.

As of September 30, 2015, the outstanding principal on the Convertible Notes was $361.9 million, the unamortized debt discount was $91.5 million, and the net carrying amount of the liability component was $270.4 million, which was recorded as long-term debt within the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.

We incurred approximately $10.4 million of issuance costs related to the issuance of the Convertible Notes. Of the $10.4 million of issuance costs incurred, $7.5 million and $2.9 million were recorded to deferred financing costs and additional paid-in capital, respectively, in proportion to the allocation of the proceeds of the Convertible Notes. The $7.5 million recorded as deferred financing costs on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet is being amortized over the contractual term of the Convertible Notes using the effective interest method. Total amortization expense of the deferred financing costs was $0.3 million and $0.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively. As of September 30, 2015, the balance of unamortized deferred financing costs related to the Convertible Notes was $6.8 million. See Note 9, “Interest Costs” for additional information.

to deliver shares of our common stock. We may elect to deliver cash in lieu of all or a portion of such shares. The shares of common stock subject to conversion are excluded from diluted earnings per share calculations under the if-converted method as their impact is anti-dilutive.

Holders may convert notes, at their option, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount at any time prior to December 1, 2019, but only in the following circumstances:

•

during any fiscal quarter beginning after the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2015, if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the last 30 consecutive trading days of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price of the Convertible Notes on each applicable trading day;

•

during the five business day period following any five consecutive trading day period in which the trading price for the Convertible Notes is less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate for the Convertible Notes on each such trading day; or

•

upon the occurrence of specified corporate events.

None of the above events allowing for conversion prior to December 1, 2019 occurred during the nine month period ended September 30, 2015. Regardless of whether any of the foregoing circumstances occurs, holders may convert their Convertible Notes, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at any time on or after December 1, 2019 until maturity.

In addition, if we undergo a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Notes), holders may, subject to certain conditions, require us to repurchase their Convertible Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be purchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, if specific corporate events occur prior to the maturity date, we will increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert their Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event in certain circumstances.

In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, we paid approximately $140 million to enter into prepaid forward stock repurchase transactions (the “Forward Transactions”) with certain financial institutions (the “Forward Counterparties”), pursuant to which we purchased approximately 7.2 million shares of common stock for settlement on or around the March 1, 2020 maturity date for the Convertible Notes, subject to the ability of each Forward Counterparty to elect to settle all or a portion of its Forward Transactions early. As a result of the Forward Transactions, total shareholders’ equity within our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet was reduced by approximately $140 million. Approximately 7.2 million shares of common stock that will be effectively repurchased through the Forward Transactions are treated as retired shares for basic and diluted EPS purposes although they remain legally outstanding.

Senior Term Facility – On July 30, 2014, Gogo Intermediate Holdings LLC, Gogo Business Aviation LLC, f/k/a Aircell Business Aviation Services LLC (“GBA”), and Gogo LLC, as borrowers (the “Borrowers”), entered into an Amendment and Restatement Agreement (the “Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement dated as of June 21, 2012 and amended on April 4, 2013 (the “Amended Senior Term Facility”) among the Borrowers, the lenders named therein, and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. We refer to the Amendment and the Amended Senior Term Facility collectively as the “Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.”

Prior to the Amendment, under the Amended Senior Term Facility we borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $248.0 million (the “Tranche B-1 Loans”). Pursuant to the Amendment, we borrowed an aggregate additional principal amount of $75.0 million (the “Tranche B-2 Loans” and, together with the Tranche B-1 Loans, the “Loans”). As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, we had $303.2 million and $309.2 million, respectively, outstanding under the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.

The maturity date of the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility is March 21, 2018. Principal payments of $1.7 million are due on the last day of each calendar quarter through December 31, 2017, with the remaining unpaid principal amount due and payable at maturity.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

(“Base Rate”) (subject to a 2.50% floor) plus an applicable margin of 8.75% per annum. The interest rates applicable to the Tranche B-2 Loans are based on a fluctuating rate of interest measured by reference, at GBA’s option, to either (i) LIBOR (subject to a 1.00% floor) plus an applicable margin of 6.50% per annum, or (ii) a Base Rate (subject to a 2.00% floor) plus an applicable margin of 5.50% per annum. As of September 30, 2015, all loans were outstanding as one month LIBOR loans, and the interest rates on the Tranche B-1 Loans and the Tranche B-2 Loans were 11.25% and 7.50%, respectively. We pay customary fees in respect of the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.

The Tranche B-2 Loans are secured by the same collateral and guaranteed by the same guarantors as the Tranche B-1 Loans. The call premiums, mandatory prepayments, covenants, events of default and other terms applicable to the Tranche B-2 Loans are also generally the same as the corresponding terms applicable to the Tranche B-1 Loans under the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.

We paid $22.2 million of loan origination fees and financing costs related to the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility, all but $4.1 million of which have been accounted for as deferred financing costs. The $4.1 million of fees that were not accounted for as deferred financing costs were fees incurred but not paid directly to the lenders in connection with the amendments in April 2013 and July 2014 and were expensed to interest expense. Total amortization expense of the deferred financing costs was $0.8 million and $2.3 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $0.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods. Amortization expense is included in interest expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the balance of unamortized deferred financing costs related to the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility was $9.0 million and $11.3 million, respectively.

Principal payments under the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility for each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,	Credit Facility
2015 (period from October 1 to December 31)	$	1,733
2016	$	6,932
2017	$	6,932
2018	$	287,639
Thereafter	$	—

The credit agreement executed in connection with our Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility provides for mandatory prepayments and the ability to make optional prepayments. Based on historical and current expectations regarding cash flow generation, the credit agreement was structured to provide that any mandatory prepayments will be calculated based on the excess cash flows (as defined in the credit agreement) of GBA only. This calculation is made at the end of each fiscal year, with any required payments due no later than the 95^th day following the end of the applicable fiscal year, and is based on GBA’s debt leverage ratio. A leverage ratio of 3.25x or higher will trigger a mandatory prepayment of 50% of excess cash flows for the year, a leverage ratio of 2.0x or higher but less than 3.25x will trigger a mandatory prepayment of 25% of excess cash flows for the year and a leverage ratio of less than 2.0x will not trigger any mandatory prepayment of excess cash flows. The amount of any required mandatory prepayments will be reduced by the amount of any optional prepayments made during the applicable fiscal year. In the event actual results or a change in estimates triggers the mandatory prepayment, such prepayment amount will be reclassified from non-current liabilities to current liabilities in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. Though we anticipate that we will have a mandatory prepayment due in 2016 based on 2015 results, the amount is not determinable and therefore no mandatory prepayment is classified as a current liability as of September 30, 2015.

We may voluntarily prepay the loans subject to conditions, prices and premiums as follows:

(i)

On and prior to December 21, 2015, we may prepay the loans at par plus (a) 3.0% of the principal amount of the loans prepaid and (b) a “make whole” premium based on a discounted present value of the interest and principal payments due on such prepaid loans through December 21, 2015;

(ii)

After December 21, 2015 but prior to December 21, 2016, we may prepay the loans at par plus 3.0% of the principal amount of loans prepaid;

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

(iii)

On and after December 21, 2016, we may prepay the loans at par.

Alaska Financing - On November 2, 2010, we entered into a $4.1 million standby credit facility agreement (the “Alaska Facility”) with Alaska Airlines, Inc. to finance the construction of ATG network sites in Alaska. The Alaska Facility had a six-year term and an interest rate of 10% per annum, compounded and payable quarterly. In April 2015, we paid in full and terminated the Alaska Facility.

Letters of Credit - We maintain several letters of credit totaling $7.9 million as of both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Certain of the letters of credit require us to maintain restricted cash accounts in a similar amount, and are issued for the benefit of the landlords at our current office locations in Chicago, Illinois; Bensenville, Illinois; and Broomfield, Colorado and our former office location in Itasca, Illinois.

9.	Interest Costs

We capitalize a portion of our interest on funds borrowed during the active construction period of major capital projects. Capitalized interest is added to the cost of the underlying assets and amortized over the useful lives of the assets.

The following is a summary of our interest costs for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):


	For the Three Months				For the Nine Months
	Ended September 30,				Ended September 30,
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Interest costs charged to expense	$	11,635	$	7,527	$	31,142	$	20,459
Amortization of deferred financing costs		1,127		755		3,016		2,452
Accretion of Convertible Notes		3,972		—		8,472		—
Non lender fees ⁽¹⁾		—		1,088		—		1,088

Interest expense		16,734		9,370		42,630		23,999
Interest costs capitalized to property and equipment		45		97		157		501
Interest costs capitalized to software		303		350		940		973

Total interest costs	$	17,082	$	9,817	$	43,727	$	25,473

(1)	Primarily consists of fees paid to legal counsel and underwriters in connection with the amendments to the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.

10.

Leases

Arrangements with Commercial Airlines — Pursuant to contractual agreements with our airline partners, we place our equipment on commercial aircraft operated by the airlines for the purpose of delivering the Gogo^® service to passengers on the aircraft. Depending on the agreement, we may be responsible for the costs of installing and deinstalling the equipment. Under one type of connectivity agreement we maintain legal title to our equipment; however, under a second, more prevalent type of connectivity agreement some of our airline partners make an upfront payment and take legal title to such equipment. The majority of the equipment transactions where legal title transfers are not deemed to be sales transactions for accounting purposes because the risks and rewards of ownership are not fully transferred due to our continuing involvement with the equipment, the length of the term of our agreements with the airlines, and restrictions in the agreements regarding the airlines’ use of the equipment. We account for these equipment transactions as operating leases of space for our equipment on the aircraft. The assets are recorded as airborne equipment on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, as noted in Note 5, “Composition of Certain Balance Sheet Accounts.” Any upfront equipment payments are accounted for as lease incentives and recorded as deferred airborne lease incentives on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and are recognized as a reduction of the cost of service revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement with the airline. We recognized $5.1 million and $13.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $3.5 million and $9.2 million for the comparable prior year periods, respectively, as a reduction to our cost of service revenue in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2015, deferred airborne lease incentives of $19.1 million and $107.6 million are included in current and non-current liabilities, respectively, in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2014, deferred airborne lease incentives of $13.8 million and $83.8 million are included in current and non-current liabilities, respectively, in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

The revenue share paid to our airline partners represents an operating lease payment and is deemed to be contingent rental payments, as the payments due to each airline are based on a percentage of our CA-NA and CA-ROW service revenue generated from that airline’s passengers, which is unknown until realized. Therefore, we cannot estimate the lease payments due to an airline at the commencement of our contract with such airline. Rental expense related to the arrangements with commercial airlines included in cost of service revenue is primarily comprised of these revenue share payments offset by the amortization of the deferred airborne lease incentives discussed above. Such rental expenses totaled a net charge of $9.9 million and $30.8 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $9.5 million and $29.2 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods.

One contract with one of our airline partners requires us to provide our airline partner with a cash rebate of $1.8 million if our service is available on a specified number of aircraft in such airline partner’s fleet on the preceding December 31, in June of each year from 2015 through 2023.

Leases and Cell Site Contracts — We have lease agreements relating to certain facilities and equipment, which are considered operating leases. Rent expense for such operating leases was $3.4 million and $11.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $2.1 million and $6.1 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods. Additionally, we have operating leases with wireless service providers for tower space and base station capacity on a volume usage basis (“cell site leases”), some of which provide for minimum annual payments. Our cell site leases generally provide for an initial noncancelable term of up to five years with up to four five-year renewal options. Total cell site rental expense was $2.2 million and $6.8 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $2.2 million and $6.5 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods.

Annual future minimum obligations for operating leases for each of the next five years and thereafter, other than the arrangements we have with our commercial airline partners, as of September 30, 2015, are as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,	Operating Leases
2015 (period from October 1 to December 31)	$	7,115
2016	$	21,089
2017	$	17,736
2018	$	15,067
2019	$	14,465
Thereafter	$	121,454

Equipment Leases – We lease certain computer and network equipment under capital leases, for which interest has been imputed with annual interest rates ranging from 8.3% to 11.7%. As of September 30, 2015, the computer equipment leases were classified as part of office equipment, furniture, and fixtures and other in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at a gross cost of $3.5 million. As of September 30, 2015 the network equipment leases were classified as part of network equipment in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at a gross cost of $7.5 million. Annual future minimum obligations under capital leases for each of the next five years and thereafter, as of September 30, 2015, are as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,	Capital Leases
2015 (period from October 1 to December 31)	$	892
2016		3,551
2017		2,956
2018		642
Thereafter		—

Total minimum lease payments		8,041
Less: Amount representing interest		(903	)

Present value of net minimum lease payments	$	7,138

The $7.1 million present value of net minimum lease payments as of September 30, 2015 has a current portion of $2.9 million included in current portion of long-term debt and capital leases and a non-current portion of $4.2 million included in other non-current liabilities.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

11.

Commitments and Contingencies

Contractual Commitments - We have agreements with airborne equipment vendors under which we have remaining commitments to purchase $12.4 million in satellite based systems and development services as of September 30, 2015. Such commitments will become payable as we receive the equipment or are provided the development services.

We have agreements with vendors to provide us with transponder and teleport satellite services. These agreements vary in length and amount and commit us to purchase transponder and teleport satellite services totaling approximately $9.1 million in 2015 (October through December), $34.4 million in 2016, $32.7 million in 2017, $15.7 million in 2018 and an amount less than $0.1 million in 2019.

Damages and Penalties - Certain of our agreements with our airline partners may require us to incur additional obligations as a result of the occurrence of specified events, some of which may be out of our control. One contract covering the international fleet of one of our airline partners requires us to provide a credit or refund to our airline partner if a competing airline installs satellite connectivity systems on a certain number of aircraft in its international fleet more quickly than we install our system on the same number of aircraft in our airline partner’s international fleet. The refund or credit has been and will continue to be reduced proportionately from the maximum amount for every installation that we complete before our competitor achieves the target, after taking into account excusable delays. As of September 30, 2015, the maximum amount of the potential credit or refund was approximately $6 million. The actual amount of any such refund or credit depends on a number of facts and circumstances, such as the pace at which we continue to install satellite systems on aircraft delivered to us by our airline partner, as well as some that are not under our control, including, but not limited to, the number of installable aircraft made available to us from our airline partner’s international fleet, our competitor’s ability to install an equal or greater quantity of satellite systems on such competing airline’s international fleet and any current or future regulatory delays to the extent they are not excusable delays. Any refund or credit may only be applied toward the purchase of equipment or for a refund of amounts paid by the airline for previously purchased equipment. Based on actual and forecasted installations as of September 30, 2015, we currently expect to meet the installation schedule before our competitor does, after taking excusable delays into account, and, therefore, we do not believe it is reasonably possible that we will incur a material loss. We continuously monitor the status of installations under this contract and will accrue the applicable refund or credit amount should it become probable that our competitor will complete the targeted number of installations before we do, after taking into account excusable delays.

We have entered into a number of agreements with our airline partners that require us to provide a credit or pay liquidated damages to our airline partners on a per aircraft, per day or per hour basis if we are unable to install our equipment on aircraft by specified timelines or fail to comply with service level commitments. The maximum amount of future credits or payments we could be required to make under these agreements is uncertain because the amount of future credits or payments is based on certain variable inputs.

Indemnifications and Guarantees - In accordance with Delaware law, we indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at our request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under this indemnification is uncertain and may be unlimited, depending upon circumstances. However, our Directors’ and Officers’ insurance does provide coverage for certain of these losses.

In the ordinary course of business we may occasionally enter into agreements pursuant to which we may be obligated to pay for the failure of performance of others, such as the use of corporate credit cards issued to employees. Based on historical experience, we believe that the risk of sustaining any material loss related to such guarantees is remote.

We have entered into a number of agreements, including our agreements with commercial airlines, pursuant to which we indemnify the other party for losses and expenses suffered or incurred in connection with any patent, copyright, or trademark infringement or misappropriation claim asserted by a third party with respect to our equipment or services. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is uncertain and is typically not limited by the terms of the agreements.

Berkson Litigation - On February 25, 2014, Adam Berkson filed suit against us in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, on behalf of putative classes of national purchasers and a subclass of

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

New York purchasers of our connectivity service, alleging that we violated New York and other consumer protection laws, as well as an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, by misleading consumers about recurring charges for our service. The suit seeks unspecified damages. In May 2014, we filed motions to compel arbitration and dismiss the suit, moving in the alternative to transfer venue and/or dismiss for lack of standing. In April 2015, the court denied our motions in their entirety, and in May 2015, we filed notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. In October 2015, we and representatives of the putative classes entered into a settlement agreement under which eligible class members would be entitled to receive agreed-upon amounts of complementary Gogo connectivity service and we would be responsible for claims administration costs and plaintiffs’ legal fees. The estimated cost of the contemplated settlement is not material. The settlement is subject to court approval which has not yet been obtained. In the event that the court does not approve the settlement as currently proposed and agreement on alternative terms acceptable to both parties and the court cannot be reached, we intend to proceed with our appeal.

12.

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

A three-tier fair value hierarchy has been established which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include:

•

Level 1 - defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;

•

Level 2 - defined as observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

•

Level 3 - defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

Long-Term Debt:

Our financial assets and liabilities that are disclosed but not measured at fair value include the Convertible Notes and the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility (each as defined in Note 8, “Long-Term Debt and Other Liabilities”), both of which are reflected on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at cost. The fair value of the Convertible Notes was approximately $320 million, with a carrying value of $270.4 million as of September 30, 2015 (the carrying value does not include the conversion premium). The fair value of the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility was approximately $328 million and $339 million as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, with a carrying value of $303.2 million and $309.2 million as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. These fair value measurements are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy since they are based on quoted market prices of identical instruments in markets that are not active. We estimated the fair value of the Convertible Notes and Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility by calculating the upfront cash payment a market participant would require to assume these obligations. The upfront cash payment, excluding any issuance costs, is the amount that a market participant would be able to lend at September 30, 2015 to an entity with a credit rating similar to ours and achieve sufficient cash inflows to cover the scheduled cash outflows under the Convertible Notes and Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.

13.

Income Tax

The effective income tax rates for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 were (0.9%) and (1.3%), respectively, and (1.2%) and (1.6%), respectively, for the comparable prior year periods. Income tax expense recorded in each period was similar, with differences in pre-tax income causing the change in the effective tax rate. The difference between our effective tax rates and the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets which is excluded from taxable income (loss).

We are subject to taxation in the United States, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Singapore, Mexico, Brazil and various states. With few exceptions, as of September 30, 2015, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, foreign or local examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2011.

We record penalties and interest relating to uncertain tax positions in the income tax provision line item in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations. No penalties or interest related to uncertain tax positions were recorded for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015. As of September 30, 2015, we did not have a liability recorded for interest or potential penalties.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

We do not expect a change in the unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.

In 2013 and 2014, the IRS issued final regulations that provide guidance with respect to (i) the treatment of material and supplies, (ii) capitalization of amounts paid to acquire or produce tangible property, (iii) the determination of whether an expenditure with respect to tangible property is a deductible repair or a capital expenditure and (iv) dispositions of MACRS property. The adoption of these final regulations did not have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

14.

Business Segments and Major Customers

We operate our business through three operating segments: Commercial Aviation North America, or “CA-NA”, Commercial Aviation Rest of World, or “CA-ROW” and Business Aviation, or “BA”. See Note 1, “Basis of Presentation” for further information regarding our segments.

The accounting policies of the operating segments are the same as those described in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in our 2014 10-K. Intercompany transactions between segments are excluded as they are not included in management’s performance review of the segments. We currently do not generate a material amount of foreign revenue. We do not segregate assets between segments for internal reporting. Therefore, asset-related information has not been presented. We do not disclose assets outside of the United States as these assets are not material as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. For our airborne assets, we consider only those assets installed in aircraft associated with international commercial airline partners to be owned outside of the United States.

Management evaluates performance and allocates resources to each segment based on segment profit (loss), which is calculated internally as net income (loss) attributable to common stock before interest expense, interest income, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, certain non-cash charges (including amortization of deferred airborne lease incentives and stock-based compensation expense) and other income (expense). Segment profit (loss) is a measure of performance reported to the chief operating decision maker for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources to the segments and evaluating segment performance. In addition, segment profit (loss) is included herein in conformity with ASC 280-10, Segment Reporting. Management believes that segment profit (loss) provides useful information for analyzing and evaluating the underlying operating results of each segment. However, segment profit (loss) should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income (loss) attributable to common stock or other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Additionally, our computation of segment profit (loss) may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies.

Information regarding our reportable segments is as follows (in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
	CA-NA		CA-ROW			BA		Total
Service revenue	$	77,673	$	3,615		$	25,955	$	107,243
Equipment revenue		900		1			18,263		19,164

Total revenue	$	78,573	$	3,616		$	44,218	$	126,407

Segment profit (loss)	$	11,825	$	(19,927	)	$	18,164	$	10,062


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2014
	CA-NA		CA-ROW			BA		Total
Service revenue	$	62,186	$	545		$	18,855	$	81,586
Equipment revenue		1,066		—			21,383		22,449

Total revenue	$	63,252	$	545		$	40,238	$	104,035

Segment profit (loss)	$	5,526	$	(19,360	)	$	14,955	$	1,121

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	CA-NA		CA-ROW			BA		Total
Service revenue	$	225,180	$	7,328		$	71,536	$	304,044
Equipment revenue		1,518		1			57,546		59,065

Total revenue	$	226,698	$	7,329		$	129,082	$	363,109

Segment profit (loss)	$	32,685	$	(56,199	)	$	52,510	$	28,996


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
	CA-NA		CA-ROW			BA		Total
Service revenue	$	180,464	$	867		$	51,711	$	233,042
Equipment revenue		2,003		—			64,213		66,216

Total revenue	$	182,467	$	867		$	115,924	$	299,258

Segment profit (loss)	$	17,778	$	(55,065	)	$	46,909	$	9,622

A reconciliation of segment profit (loss) to the relevant consolidated amounts is as follows (in thousands):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
CA-NA segment profit	$	11,825		$	5,526		$	32,685		$	17,778
CA-ROW segment loss		(19,927	)		(19,360	)		(56,199	)		(55,065	)
BA segment profit		18,164			14,955			52,510			46,909

Total segment profit		10,062			1,121			28,996			9,622
Interest income		49			11			65			35
Interest expense		(16,734	)		(9,370	)		(42,630	)		(23,999	)
Depreciation and amortization		(22,224	)		(17,016	)		(61,814	)		(47,585	)
Amortization of deferred airborne lease incentives ⁽¹⁾		5,143			3,526			13,740			9,214
Stock-based compensation expense		(4,544	)		(2,914	)		(10,843	)		(6,732	)
Other income (expense)		(377	)		35			(287	)		(28	)

Loss before income taxes	$	(28,625	)	$	(24,607	)	$	(72,773	)	$	(59,473	)

(1)

Amortization of deferred airborne lease incentive relates to our CA-NA and CA-ROW segments. See Note 10, “Leases” for further information.

Major Customers and Airline Partnerships — During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, no customer accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenue. One airline partner accounted for approximately 21% and 18% of consolidated accounts receivable as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.

Revenue from passengers using the Gogo service while flying on aircraft operated by two of our airline partners accounted for approximately 45% and 44% of consolidated revenue for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared to 39% and 40%, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods.

15.

Employee Retirement and Postretirement Benefits

Stock-Based Compensation — We have two stock-based employee compensation plans as of September 30, 2015. See Note 11, “Share-Based Compensation,” in our 2014 10-K for further information regarding these plans. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2015, options to purchase 1,422,606 shares of common stock were granted, options to purchase 172,891 shares of common stock were forfeited, options to purchase 13,727 shares of common stock expired, and options to purchase 384,381 shares of common stock were exercised.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

For the nine month period ended September 30, 2015, 605,605 restricted share units (“RSUs”) were granted, 118,625 RSUs vested and 78,782 RSUs were forfeited.

For the nine month period ended September 30, 2015, 29,100 deferred share units (“DSUs”) were granted.

For the nine month period ended September 30, 2015, 84,990 shares of restricted stock were granted, 42,866 shares of restricted stock vested and 5,000 shares of restricted stock were forfeited. These shares are deemed issued as of the date of grant, but not outstanding until they vest.

The employee stock purchase plan (the “ESPP”) allows eligible employees to purchase our common stock through payroll deductions at a price equal to 90% of the lower of the fair market value of the stock as of the beginning or the end of three-month offering periods. Under the ESPP, 424,594 shares were reserved for issuance. The nine month period ended September 30, 2015 reflects the issuance of 51,212 shares of common stock under the ESPP. The first offering period under the ESPP commenced in the third quarter of 2014.

Stock-based compensation expense totaled $4.5 million and $10.8 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $2.9 million and $6.7 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods.

401(k) Plan — Under our 401(k) plan, all employees who are eligible to participate are entitled to make tax-deferred contributions, subject to Internal Revenue Service limitations. We match 100% of the employee’s first 4% of contributions made, subject to annual limitations. Our matching contributions were $0.9 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $0.6 million and $1.8 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods.

16.

Research and Development Costs

Expenditures for research and development are charged to expense as incurred and totaled $11.4 million and $31.5 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $9.5 million and $27.2 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods. Research and development costs are reported as a component of engineering, design and development expenses in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.

17.

Canadian ATG Spectrum License

On July 17, 2012, Industry Canada issued to our Canadian subsidiary a subordinate license that allows us to use the Canadian ATG spectrum of which SkySurf Canada Communications Inc. (“SkySurf”) is the primary licensee. On July 24, 2012 we entered into a subordinate license agreement (the “License Agreement”) with SkySurf and on August 14, 2012 the agreement commenced. The License Agreement provides for our exclusive rights to use SkySurf’s ATG spectrum licenses in Canada. The License Agreement has an initial term of ten years commencing on August 14, 2012 and, provided that the primary spectrum license agreement issued by Industry Canada to SkySurf remains in effect, is renewable at our option for an additional ten-year term following the initial expiration and thereafter for a further five-year term. We made a one-time payment of C$3.3 million, which was equivalent to approximately US $3.3 million (“one-time payment”). The renewal of the primary spectrum license will depend upon the satisfaction by Gogo and SkySurf of certain conditions set forth in the license, including, without limitation, a network build-out requirement. The term of the License Agreement, including the initial ten-year term and any renewals, is contingent on the effectiveness and renewal of the primary spectrum license issued by Industry Canada to SkySurf on June 30, 2009, which expires on June 29, 2019. We pay SkySurf C$0.1 million, which is equivalent to US $0.1 million, monthly during the initial ten-year term of the License Agreement. Additionally, we make variable monthly payments based on the number of cell sites in Canada and the number of Canadian-domiciled commercial aircraft on which we provide our service.

As the License Agreement is for our exclusive use of a license, which is considered a right to use an intangible asset and thus not property, plant, or equipment, the agreement is not considered a lease for accounting purposes. As such, we recorded the SkySurf one-time payment as an asset in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at the time of payment. As of September 30, 2015, the one-time payment had balances of $0.1 million included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $2.0 million included in other non-current assets, respectively, in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The one-time payment is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated term of the agreement of 25 years, which includes estimated renewal periods.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Amortization expense for the one-time payment for each of the next five years and thereafter is estimated to be as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,	Canadian ATG Spectrum Amortization
2015 (period from October 1 to December 31)	$	25
2016	$	97
2017	$	97
2018	$	97
2019	$	97
Thereafter	$	1,707

Amortization expense totaled less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The monthly payments are expensed as incurred and totaled approximately $0.3 million and $0.8 million during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $0.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this report may constitute “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding our business outlook, industry, business strategy, plans, goals and expectations concerning our market position, international expansion, future technologies, future operations, margins, profitability, future efficiencies, capital expenditures, liquidity and capital resources and other financial and operating information. When used in this discussion, the words “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “budget,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “future” and the negative of these or similar terms and phrases are intended to identify forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations regarding future events, results or outcomes. These expectations may or may not be realized. Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give you no assurance these expectations will prove to have been correct. Some of these expectations may be based upon assumptions, data or judgments that prove to be incorrect. Actual events, results and outcomes may differ materially from our expectations due to a variety of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Although it is not possible to identify all of these risks and factors, they include, among others, the following:

•

the loss of, or failure to realize benefits from, agreements with our airline partners or any failure to renew any existing agreements upon expiration or termination;

•

any inability to timely and efficiently roll out our 2Ku service or other components of our technology roadmap for any reason, including regulatory delays or failures or delays on the part of any of our suppliers, some of whom are single source, or the failure by our airline partners to roll out equipment upgrades, new services or adopt new technologies in order to support increased network capacity demands;

•

the loss of relationships with original equipment manufacturers or dealers;

•

our ability to develop or purchase ATG and satellite network capacity sufficient to accommodate current and expected growth in passenger demand in North America and internationally as we expand;

•

unfavorable economic conditions in the airline industry and/or the economy as a whole;

•

our ability to expand our international or domestic operations, including our ability to grow our business with current and potential future airline partners;

•

an inability to compete effectively with other current or future providers of in-flight connectivity services and other products and services that we offer, including on the basis of price, service performance and line-fit availability;

•

our reliance on third-party satellite service providers and equipment and other suppliers, including single source providers and suppliers;

•

our ability to successfully develop and monetize new products and services such as Gogo Vision, Gogo Text & Talk and Gogo TV, including those that were recently released, are currently being offered on a limited or trial basis, or are in various stages of development;

•

our ability to deliver products and services, including newly developed products and services, on schedules consistent with our contractual commitments to customers;

•

the effects, if any, on our business of past or future airline mergers, including the merger of American Airlines and U.S. Airways;

•

a revocation of, or reduction in, our right to use licensed spectrum, the availability of other air-to-ground spectrum to a competitor or the repurposing by a competitor of other spectrum for air-to-ground use;

•

our use of open source software and licenses;

•

the effects of service interruptions or delays, technology failures and equipment failures or malfunctions arising from defects or errors in our software or defects in or damage to our equipment;

•

the limited operating history of our CA-NA and CA-ROW segments;

•

increases in our projected capital expenditures due to, among other things, unexpected costs incurred in connection with the roll-out of our technology roadmap or our international expansion;

•

compliance with U.S. and foreign government regulations and standards, including those related to regulation of the internet, including e-commerce or online video distribution changes, and the installation and operation of satellite equipment and our ability to obtain and maintain all necessary regulatory approvals to install and operate our equipment in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions;

•

our, or our technology suppliers’, inability to effectively innovate;

•

costs associated with defending pending or future intellectual property infringement and other litigation or claims;

•

our ability to protect our intellectual property;

•

breaches of the security of our information technology network, resulting in unauthorized access to our customer’s credit card information or other personal information;

•

any negative outcome or effects of pending or future litigation;

•

limitations and restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness and our ability to service our indebtedness;

•

our ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms or at all;

•

fluctuations in our operating results;

•

our ability to attract and retain customers and to capitalize on revenue from our platform;

•

the demand for and market acceptance of our products and services;

•

changes or developments in the regulations that apply to us, our business and our industry;

•

the attraction and retention of qualified employees including key personnel;

•

the effectiveness of our marketing and advertising and our ability to maintain and enhance our brands;

•

our ability to manage our growth in a cost-effective manner and integrate and manage acquisitions;

•

compliance with anti-corruption laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the (U.K.) Bribery Act 2010;

•

restrictions on the ability of U.S. companies to do business in foreign countries, including, among others, restrictions imposed by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control;

•

difficulties in collecting accounts receivable; and

•

other risks and factors listed under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 as filed with the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 27, 2015 (the “2014 10-K”).

Any one of these factors or a combination of these factors could materially affect our financial condition or future results of operations and could influence whether any forward-looking statements contained in this report ultimately prove to be accurate. Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, and you should not place undue reliance on them. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made and we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

In addition, while we do, from time to time, communicate with securities analysts, it is against our policy to disclose to them any material non-public information or other confidential information. Accordingly, stockholders should not assume that we agree with any statement or report issued by any analyst irrespective of the content of the statement or report. Thus, to the extent that reports issued by securities analysts contain any projections, forecasts, or opinions, such reports are not our responsibility.

ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis is intended to help the reader understand our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and the related notes contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Unless the context otherwise indicates or requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “Gogo,” and the “Company,” as used in this report, refer to Gogo Inc. and its directly and indirectly owned subsidiaries as a combined entity, except where otherwise stated or where it is clear that the terms refer only to Gogo Inc. exclusive of its subsidiaries.

The statements in this discussion regarding industry outlook, our expectations regarding our future performance, liquidity and capital resources and other non-historical statements in this discussion are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in the 2014 10-K and in “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this report. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.

Our fiscal year ends December 31 and, unless otherwise noted, references to years or fiscal are for fiscal years ended December 31. See “— Results of Operations.”

Company Overview

Gogo (“we”, “us”, “our”) is the global leader in providing broadband connectivity solutions and wireless in-flight entertainment to the aviation industry. We operate through the following three segments: Commercial Aviation North America, or “CA-NA,” Commercial Aviation Rest of World, or “CA-ROW,” and Business Aviation, or “BA.”

Services provided by our CA-NA and CA-ROW businesses include Gogo Connectivity, which allows passengers to connect to the internet from their personal Wi-Fi-enabled devices; Gogo Vision, which offers passengers the opportunity to enjoy a broad selection of in-flight entertainment options on their personal Wi-Fi enabled devices; and other service revenue, which include a broad range of customizable, targeted content, advertising and e-commerce services. Services are provided by the CA-NA business on commercial aircraft flying routes that generally begin and end within North America, which for this purpose includes the United States, Canada and Mexico. Our CA-ROW business, which is in the start-up phase as we launched commercial international service in March 2014, provides service on commercial aircraft operated by foreign-based commercial airlines and international flights of North American based commercial airlines. The routes included in our CA-ROW segment are those that begin and/or end outside of North America (as defined above) for which our international service is provided. Our BA business provides in-flight internet connectivity and other voice and data communications products and services and sells equipment for in-flight telecommunications to the business aviation market. BA services include Gogo Biz, our in-flight broadband service which utilizes our ATG network and spectrum, Gogo Vision, and satellite-based voice and data services through our strategic alliances with satellite companies.

Recent Developments

Japan Transocean Air selected Gogo’s 2Ku in-flight connectivity and in-flight entertainment services for its new Boeing 737-800 aircraft. We are currently negotiating a definitive agreement with Japan Transocean Air.

Effective November 16, 2015, our Commercial Aviation business (“CA” which includes our CA-NA and CA-ROW businesses) will no longer be a reseller of Inmarsat’s Global Xpress service. Going forward, we will focus our sales efforts for global commercial airlines solely on our 2Ku technology. We do not believe that the termination of CA’s Global Xpress relationship with Inmarsat will have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations. We will continue to be a reseller of Global Xpress to BA customers and a reseller of Inmarsat’s SwiftBroadband satellite service to both CA and BA customers.

As of November 2, 2015, five airlines had selected our 2Ku technology for installation on a long-term basis and three airlines had selected 2Ku for pilot programs, for a total of approximately 550 aircraft.

Factors and Trends Affecting Our Results of Operations

We believe that our operating and business performance is driven by various factors that affect the commercial airline and business aviation industries, including trends affecting the travel industry and trends affecting the customer bases that we target, as well as factors that affect wireless internet service providers and general macroeconomic factors. Key factors that may affect our future performance include:

•

costs associated with implementing, and our ability to implement on a timely basis, our technology roadmap, including the need for additional cell sites in our ATG network, upgrades and installation of our ATG-4 and Ku technologies, the roll-out of our satellite services, the potential licensing of additional spectrum, the development and implementation of 2Ku and other new technologies including failures or delays on the part of antenna and other single source providers, and the implementation of improvements to our network and operations as technology changes and we experience increased network capacity constraints;

•

costs associated with and our ability to execute our international expansion, including modification to our network to accommodate satellite technology, development and implementation of new satellite-based technologies, the availability and cost of satellite capacity and compliance with applicable foreign regulations and expanded operations outside of the U.S.;

•

costs associated with managing a rapidly growing company;

•

the pace and extent of adoption of the Gogo service for use on international commercial aircraft by our current North American airline partners and new international airline partners;

•

the number of aircraft in service in our markets, including consolidation of the airline industry or changes in fleet size by one or more of our commercial airline partners or BA fractional ownership customers;

•

economic environment and other trends that affect both business and leisure travel;

•

the extent of passengers’, airline partners’ and other aircraft owners’ and operators’ adoption of our products and services, which is affected by, among other things, willingness to pay for the services that we provide, changes in technology and competition from current competitors and new market entrants;

•

continued demand for connectivity and proliferation of Wi-Fi enabled devices, including smartphones, tablets and laptops;

•

changes in laws, regulations and interpretations affecting telecommunications services, including those affecting our ability to maintain our licenses for ATG spectrum in the U.S., obtain sufficient rights to use additional ATG spectrum and/or other sources of broadband connectivity to deliver our services, and expand our service offerings;

•

changes in laws, regulations and interpretations affecting aviation, including in particular changes that impact the design of our equipment and our ability to obtain required certifications for our equipment; and

•

our ability to obtain required foreign telecommunications, aviation and other licenses and approvals necessary for our international operations.

Summary Financial Information

Consolidated revenue was $126.4 million and $363.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $104.0 million and $299.3 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. As of September 30, 2015, the CA-NA segment had 2,312 commercial aircraft online to provide the Gogo service as compared with 2,044 as of September 30, 2014. As of September 30, 2015, the BA segment had 5,332 aircraft online with Iridium satellite communications systems and 3,314 Gogo Biz systems online as compared with 5,294 and 2,637, respectively, as of September 30, 2014. The BA segment became a reseller of Inmarsat SwiftBroadband satellite service in 2013 and had 98 systems online as of September 30, 2015 as compared with 28 systems online as of September 30, 2014. As of September 30, 2015, the CA-ROW segment had 160 commercial aircraft online as compared with 35 aircraft as of September 30, 2014.

Key Business Metrics

Our management regularly reviews a number of financial and operating metrics, including the following key operating metrics for the CA-NA and BA segments, to evaluate the performance of our business and our success in executing our business plan, make decisions regarding resource allocation and corporate strategies and evaluate forward-looking projections.


Commercial Aviation North America
	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Aircraft online		2,312			2,044			2,312			2,044
Average monthly service revenue per aircraft online (ARPA)	$	11,303		$	10,134		$	11,275		$	9,776
Gross passenger opportunity (GPO) (in thousands)		95,600			82,972			259,725			236,942
Total average revenue per passenger opportunity (ARPP)	$	0.81		$	0.75		$	0.87		$	0.76
Total average revenue per session (ARPS)	$	13.00		$	11.43		$	12.49		$	10.89
Connectivity take rate		5.6	%		6.2	%		6.2	%		6.7	%

•

Aircraft online. We define aircraft online as the total number of commercial aircraft on which our ATG network equipment is installed and Gogo service has been made commercially available as of the last day of each period presented.

•

Average monthly service revenue per aircraft online (“ARPA”). We define ARPA as the aggregate service revenue for the period divided by the number of months in the period, divided by the number of aircraft online during the period (expressed as an average of the month end figures for each month in such period).

•

Gross passenger opportunity (“GPO”). We define GPO as the aggregate number of passengers who board commercial aircraft on which Gogo service has been available during the period presented. When available directly from airline partners, we aggregate actual passenger counts across flights on Gogo-equipped aircraft. When not available directly from our airline partners, we estimate GPO. Estimated GPO is calculated by first estimating the number of flights occurring on each Gogo-equipped aircraft, then multiplying by the number seats on that aircraft, and finally multiplying by a seat factor that is determined from historical information provided to us in arrears by our airline partners. The estimated number of flights are derived from real-time flight information provided to our front-end systems by Air Radio Inc. (ARINC), direct airline feeds, and supplementary third-party data sources. These aircraft-level estimates are then aggregated with actual airline-provided passenger counts to obtain total GPO.

•

Total average revenue per passenger opportunity (“ARPP”). We define ARPP as revenue from Gogo Connectivity, Gogo Vision, and other service revenue for the period, divided by GPO for the period.

•

Total average revenue per session (“ARPS”). We define ARPS as revenue from Gogo Connectivity, excluding non-session related revenue, divided by the total number of sessions during the period. A session, or a “use” of Gogo Connectivity, is defined as the use by a unique passenger of Gogo Connectivity on a flight segment. Multiple logins or purchases under the same user name during one flight segment count as only one session.

•

Connectivity take rate. We define connectivity take rate as the number of sessions during the period expressed as a percentage of GPO. Included in our connectivity take-rate calculation are sessions for which we did not receive revenue, including those provided pursuant to free promotional campaigns and, to a lesser extent, as a result of complimentary passes distributed by our customer service representatives for unforeseen technical issues. For the periods listed above, the number of sessions for which we did not receive revenue was not material.


Business Aviation
	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Aircraft online
Satellite		5,430		5,322		5,430		5,322
ATG		3,314		2,637		3,314		2,637
Average monthly service revenue per aircraft online
Satellite	$	184	$	168	$	177	$	167
ATG		2,331		2,081		2,246		2,036
Units Shipped
Satellite		123		164		421		436
ATG		224		243		685		717
Average equipment revenue per unit shipped (in thousands)
Satellite	$	44	$	47	$	41	$	47
ATG		54		53		54		60

•

Satellite aircraft online. We define satellite aircraft online as the total number of business aircraft for which we provide satellite services in operation as of the last day of each period presented.

•

ATG aircraft online. We define ATG aircraft online as the total number of business aircraft for which we provide ATG services in operation as of the last day of each period presented.

•

Average monthly service revenue per satellite aircraft online. We define average monthly service revenue per satellite aircraft online as the aggregate satellite service revenue for the period divided by the number of months in the period, divided by the number of satellite aircraft online during the period (expressed as an average of the month end figures for each month in such period).

•

Average monthly service revenue per ATG aircraft online. We define average monthly service revenue per ATG aircraft online as the aggregate ATG service revenue for the period divided by the number of months in the period, divided by the number of ATG aircraft online during the period (expressed as an average of the month end figures for each month in such period).

•

Units shipped. We define units shipped as the number of satellite or ATG network equipment units, respectively, shipped during the period.

•

Average equipment revenue per satellite unit shipped. We define average equipment revenue per satellite unit shipped as the aggregate equipment revenue earned from all satellite shipments during the period, divided by the number of satellite units shipped.

•

Average equipment revenue per ATG unit shipped. We define average equipment revenue per ATG unit shipped as the aggregate equipment revenue from all ATG shipments during the period, divided by the number of ATG units shipped.

Key Components of Consolidated Statements of Operations

There have been no material changes to our key components of consolidated statements of operations and segment profit (loss) as described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2014 10-K.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any obligations that meet the definition of an off-balance sheet arrangement, other than operating leases, which have or are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our results of operations. See Note 10, “Leases” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures require us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses, and related exposures. We base our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. In some instances, we could reasonably use different accounting estimates, and in some instances results could differ significantly from our estimates. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected.

We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with long-lived assets, indefinite-lived assets and stock-based compensation have the greatest potential impact on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting policies and estimates.

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” (“MD&A”) in our 2014 10-K.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2, “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods presented, certain data from our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The information contained in the table below should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations Data

(in thousands)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Revenue:
Service revenue	$	107,243		$	81,586		$	304,044		$	233,042
Equipment revenue		19,164			22,449			59,065			66,216

Total revenue		126,407			104,035			363,109			299,258

Operating expenses:
Cost of service revenue (exclusive of items shown below)		45,477			42,747			135,406			123,942
Cost of equipment revenue (exclusive of items shown below)		9,744			11,906			29,375			30,519
Engineering, design and development		21,367			16,193			55,732			46,081
Sales and marketing		12,345			10,354			34,051			28,083
General and administrative		26,813			21,102			76,652			58,529
Depreciation and amortization		22,224			17,016			61,814			47,585

Total operating expenses		137,970			119,318			393,030			334,739

Operating loss		(11,563	)		(15,283	)		(29,921	)		(35,481	)

Other (income) expense:
Interest income		(49	)		(11	)		(65	)		(35	)
Interest expense		16,734			9,370			42,630			23,999
Other (income) expense		377			(35	)		287			28

Total other expense		17,062			9,324			42,852			23,992

Loss before incomes taxes		(28,625	)		(24,607	)		(72,773	)		(59,473	)
Income tax provision		245			292			961			954

Net loss	$	(28,870	)	$	(24,899	)	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015 and 2014

Revenue:

Revenue by segment and percent change for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 were as follows (in thousands, except for percent change):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2015		2014		2015 over 2014
Service Revenue:
CA-NA	$	77,673	$	62,186		24.9	%
BA		25,955		18,855		37.7	%
CA-ROW		3,615		545		563.3	%

Total Service Revenue	$	107,243	$	81,586		31.4	%

Equipment Revenue:
CA-NA	$	900	$	1,066		(15.6	%)
BA		18,263		21,383		(14.6	%)
CA-ROW		1		—		na

Total Equipment Revenue	$	19,164	$	22,449		(14.6	%)

Total Revenue:
CA-NA	$	78,573	$	63,252		24.2	%
BA		44,218		40,238		9.9	%
CA-ROW		3,616		545		563.5	%

Total Revenue	$	126,407	$	104,035		21.5	%


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2015		2014		2015 over 2014
Service Revenue:
CA-NA	$	225,180	$	180,464		24.8	%
BA		71,536		51,711		38.3	%
CA-ROW		7,328		867		745.2	%

Total Service Revenue	$	304,044	$	233,042		30.5	%

Equipment Revenue:
CA-NA	$	1,518	$	2,003		(24.2	%)
BA		57,546		64,213		(10.4	%)
CA-ROW		1		—		na

Total Equipment Revenue	$	59,065	$	66,216		(10.8	%)

Total Revenue:
CA-NA	$	226,698	$	182,467		24.2	%
BA		129,082		115,924		11.4	%
CA-ROW		7,329		867		745.3	%

Total Revenue	$	363,109	$	299,258		21.3	%

Commercial Aviation North America:

CA-NA revenue increased to $78.6 million and $226.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $63.3 million and $182.5 million, respectively, for the prior year periods primarily due to an increase in connectivity service revenue. The increase in CA-NA connectivity service revenue was primarily due to increases in the number of aircraft online and ARPS, partially offset by a decrease in take rate. ARPS increased to $13.00 and $12.49 for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $11.43 and $10.89, respectively, for the prior year periods due primarily to price increases and to a lesser extent, changes in product mix. ARPA increased to $11,303 and $11,275 for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $10,134 and $9,776,

respectively, for the prior year periods. ARPP increased to $0.81 and $0.87 for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $0.75 and $0.76, respectively, for the prior year periods. GPO increased to 95.6 million and 259.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with 83.0 million and 236.9 million for the prior year periods, driven by an increase in the number of aircraft online. The connectivity take rate decreased to 5.6% and 6.2% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with 6.2% and 6.7%, respectively, for the prior year periods primarily due to an increase in the number of regional jets online, which typically have a lower take rate, price increases and the impact of network capacity constraints. Gogo Connectivity sessions totaled 5.3 million and 16.0 million in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with 5.2 million and 15.8 million, respectively, in the prior year periods.

A summary of the components of CA-NA’s service revenue for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 is as follows (in thousands, except for percent change):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2015		2014		2015 over 2014
Gogo Connectivity revenue⁽¹⁾	$	71,518	$	58,970		21.3	%
Gogo Vision and other service revenue ⁽²⁾		6,155		3,216		91.4	%

Total service revenue	$	77,673	$	62,186		24.9	%


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2015		2014		2015 over 2014
Gogo Connectivity revenue⁽¹⁾	$	206,567	$	172,316		19.9	%
Gogo Vision and other service revenue ⁽²⁾		18,613		8,148		128.4	%

Total service revenue	$	225,180	$	180,464		24.8	%

(1)

Includes non-session related revenue of $2.1 million and $6.3 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $0.3 million and $0.3 million for the prior year periods.

(2)

Other service revenue includes content filtering, VoIP access for airlines’ flight crews, portal development services, operations-oriented communications services, third-party advertising, e-commerce revenue share arrangements and partner co-branding and reseller arrangements. We recently entered into agreements with certain airline partners under which the airlines pay us for certain data usage, including data used by passengers accessing whitelisted sites and by crew using connectivity services while in flight; the revenue related to these activities is also included in other service revenue.

CA-NA retail revenue increased to $65.4 million and $189.3 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $56.2 million and $163.5 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, due to increases in both individual sessions and subscriptions. Revenue from individual sessions increased to $38.3 million and $116.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $34.1 million and $97.6 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, and revenue from subscriptions increased to $27.1 million and $73.2 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $22.1 million and $66.0 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. These revenue increases were primarily due to increases in prices and the number of aircraft online, partially offset by a decrease in take rate, as discussed above. Our non-retail revenue increased to $6.1 million and $17.3 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $2.8 million and $8.7 million, respectively, for the prior year periods primarily due to increases in roaming and wholesale revenue, offset in part by a decrease in sponsorship revenue.

The increase in Gogo Vision and other service revenue of 91.4% and 128.4% to $6.2 million and $18.6 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $3.2 million and $8.1 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, was driven primarily by a business-to-business arrangement with one of our airline partners for our Gogo Vision offering (which commenced in the second half of 2014), a second Gogo Vision program that occurred in the first quarter of 2015 with another airline partner and revenue from passenger and crew data usage.

Business Aviation:

BA revenue increased to $44.2 million and $129.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $40.2 million and $115.9 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, due to an increase in service revenue, partially offset by a decrease in equipment revenue. BA service revenue increased to $26.0 million and $71.5 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $18.9 million and $51.7 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, primarily due to more customers subscribing to our Gogo Biz (ATG) service as well as price increases implemented during 2014. The number of ATG aircraft online increased 25.7% to 3,314 as of September 30, 2015 as compared with 2,637 as of September 30, 2014.

BA equipment revenue decreased to $18.3 million and $57.5 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $21.4 million and $64.2 million, respectively, for the prior year periods due to a decrease in ATG and satellite equipment revenue. ATG equipment revenue decreased 6.2% and 13.0% to $12.1 million and $37.3 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $12.9 million and $42.9 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, due to a decrease in the number of units shipped. Satellite equipment revenue decreased to $5.4 million and $17.2 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $7.7 million and $20.3 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, due to a decrease in the number of units shipped. The decline in equipment shipments is consistent with industry trends.

Commercial Aviation Rest of World:

Our CA-ROW segment is in the start-up phase. We generated $3.6 million and $7.3 million of service revenue during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $0.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. Our CA-ROW in-flight connectivity service commenced in March 2014.

Cost of Service Revenue:

Cost of service revenue by segment and percent change for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 were as follows (in thousands, except for percent change):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2015		2014		2015 over 2014
CA-NA	$	30,022	$	29,503		1.8	%
BA		6,492		4,767		36.2	%
CA-ROW		8,963		8,477		5.7	%

Total	$	45,477	$	42,747		6.4	%


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2015		2014		2015 over 2014
CA-NA	$	91,831	$	85,461		7.5	%
BA		18,479		13,886		33.1	%
CA-ROW		25,096		24,595		2.0	%

Total	$	135,406	$	123,942		9.2	%

CA-NA cost of service revenue increased to $30.0 million and $91.8 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $29.5 million and $85.5 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, due to increases in revenue share earned by our airline partners, content costs related to our Gogo Vision service offerings and transaction related expenses, while network operations expenses (including network maintenance, backhaul and site leases) remained relatively flat. The revenue share increases of $1.4 million and $5.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, over the prior year periods were primarily driven by the increase in CA-NA service revenue for the current year; however, revenue share as a percentage of service revenue decreased due to new airline contracts and amendments that provide for lower revenue share than those of certain pre-existing contracts. These increases were partially offset by an increase

in the amortization of our deferred airborne lease incentives and the recognition of monthly service fees paid to us by certain of our airline partners, both of which reduce our cost of services. See Note 10, “Leases” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our deferred airborne lease incentives.

BA cost of service revenue increased to $6.5 million and $18.5 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $4.8 million and $13.9 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. The increase in cost of service revenue was primarily due to the year-over-year increase in the number of ATG units online and an increase in the average network utilization per ATG unit online, which resulted in higher ATG network service costs.

CA-ROW cost of service revenue increased to $9.0 million and $25.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $8.5 million and $24.6 million, respectively, in the prior year periods. The increase was due to an increase in satellite service fees, revenue share expense and billing and transaction related expenses as the business grew following the commencement of our service in March 2014. These increases were partially offset by the recognition of monthly service fees paid to us by certain of our airline partners and the amortization of our deferred airborne lease incentives, both of which reduce our cost of service. See Note 10, “Leases” in our consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our deferred airborne lease incentives.

We expect cost of service revenue for CA-NA to increase in future periods due to increases in revenue share and transaction expenses as our service revenue continues to increase. We believe that our network related expenses will increase to support the projected increased use and expansion of our network, which will include additional satellite coverage to support and/or supplement service in certain geographical areas. Additionally, we expect our maintenance costs to increase in future periods. However, a significant portion of our ATG network operations costs is relatively fixed in nature and does not fluctuate directly with revenue. We therefore expect total cost of service revenue in CA-NA to decline as a percentage of total service revenue as we realize efficiencies inherent in the scalability of our business.

As we expand our business internationally, we also expect to incur additional cost of service revenue in CA-ROW, reflecting increased satellite usage and additional revenue share, billing, transaction and network related expenses.

Cost of Equipment Revenue:

Cost of equipment revenue by segment and percent change for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 were as follows (in thousands, except for percent change):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2015		2014		2015 over 2014
CA-NA	$	593	$	902		(34.3	%)
BA		9,151		11,004		(16.8	%)
CA-ROW		—		—		na

Total	$	9,744	$	11,906		(18.2	%)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2015		2014		2015 over 2014
CA-NA	$	1,395	$	2,016		(30.8	%)
BA		27,980		28,503		(1.8	%)
CA-ROW		—		—		na

Total	$	29,375	$	30,519		(3.7	%)

Cost of equipment revenue decreased to $9.7 million and $29.4 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $11.9 million and $30.5 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. The decreases occurred primarily within the BA segment due to a decrease in the number of satellite and ATG units sold. We expect that our cost of equipment revenue will vary with changes in equipment revenue.

Engineering, Design and Development Expenses:

Engineering, design and development expenses increased 32.0% and 20.9% to $21.4 million and $55.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $16.2 million and $46.1 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, due to increases in all three segments.

Engineering, design and development expenses for the CA-NA segment increased 39.1% and 33.0% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with the prior year periods due to higher personnel expenses in connection with the development of next generation products and technologies and Supplemental Type Certificates (“STCs”). Engineering, design and development expenses for the BA segment increased 13.2% and 17.9% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with the prior year periods due to higher personnel expenses in connection with the development of next generation products and technologies and certifications (which include STCs). Engineering, design and development expenses for the CA-ROW segment increased 36.1% and 8.9% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with the prior year periods due to higher personnel expenses in connection with STCs and the development of next generation products and technologies.

We expect engineering, design and development expenses to increase in future periods as we continue to execute our technology roadmap, expand internationally and develop next generation products and technologies.

Sales and Marketing Expenses:

Sales and marketing expenses increased 19.2% and 21.3% to $12.3 million and $34.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $10.4 million and $28.1 million, respectively, for the prior year periods, due to increases in all three segments. Consolidated sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total consolidated revenue was 9.8% and 9.4% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with 10.0% and 9.4%, respectively, for the prior year periods.

Sales and marketing expenses in the CA-NA segment increased 21.6% and 15.5% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, over the prior year period due to an increase in personnel expense to support the growth of the business and marketing related activities. Sales and marketing expenses for the CA-ROW segment increased 14.2% and 41.9% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, over the prior year periods due to increased personnel, consulting services and travel to support the growth of the business and to a lesser extent, customer care efforts in connection with the commercial launch of international service. Sales and marketing expenses in the BA segment increased 18.3% and 16.6% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, over the prior year periods due to an increase in personnel expense to support the growth of the business and new product launches.

We expect our sales and marketing expenses to increase in future periods as we expand our international marketing initiatives, commence service on aircraft operated by new airline partners both in CA-NA and CA-ROW, increase advertising and promotional initiatives for new product offerings and expand programs to retain and support our existing users. In addition, the commission component of sales and marketing expenses at BA will fluctuate with equipment revenue. We expect consolidated sales and marketing expenses to remain relatively flat as a percentage of consolidated revenue in the near-term as we launch new airline partnerships but to decrease as a percentage of consolidated revenue in the long-term.

General and Administrative Expenses:

General and administrative expenses increased 27.1% and 31.0% to $26.8 million and $76.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $21.1 million and $58.5 million, respectively, for the prior year periods due to increases in all three segments. Consolidated general and administrative expenses as a percentage of total consolidated revenue increased to 21.2% and 21.1% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, from 20.3% and 19.6%, respectively, for the prior year periods.

The increase in the CA-NA segment’s general and administrative expenses of 36.3% and 39.8% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, over the prior year periods was due primarily to an increase in personnel related expenses (including bonus and stock-based compensation expense, both of which are included in general and administrative expenses for all of CA-NA’s employees) and an increase in rent expense as we leased new office facilities (including the impact of overlapping leases in the current year).

The increase in the CA-ROW segment’s general and administrative expenses of 8.5% and 13.1% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, over the prior year periods was due primarily to an increase in rent, which resulted from a ramp up in CA-ROW activities as we continued our international expansion.

The increase in the BA segment’s general and administrative expenses of 4.6% and 10.0% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, over the prior year periods was due primarily to an increase in personnel related expenses (including bonuses and stock-based compensation expense, both of which are included in general and administrative expense for all of BA’s employees) to manage the growth of the business offset in part by a decrease in rent expense as the prior year had overlapping leases for a larger portion of the year as compared with the current year.

We expect our general and administrative expenses to increase in future periods as we expand our workforce to support the growth of our business both domestically and internationally. However, we expect general and administrative expenses to decrease as a percentage of consolidated revenue.

Segment Profit (Loss):

CA-NA’s segment profit increased 114.0% and 83.9% to $11.8 million and $32.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $5.5 million and $17.8 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. The increase in CA-NA’s segment profit for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 was due to increases in service revenue partially offset by increases in operating expenses, as discussed above.

BA’s segment profit increased 21.5% and 11.9% to $18.2 million and $52.5 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $15.0 million and $46.9 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. The increase in BA’s segment profit for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 was due to increases in service revenue and a decrease in cost of equipment revenue, partially offset by increases in operating expenses and a decrease in equipment revenue, as discussed above.

CA-ROW’s segment loss increased 2.9% and 2.1% to $19.9 million and $56.2 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $19.4 million and $55.1 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. The increase in CA-ROW’s segment loss for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 was due to an increase in the operating expenses, offset in part by an increase in service revenue, as discussed above.

Depreciation and Amortization:

Depreciation and amortization expense increased 30.6% and 29.9% to $22.2 million and $61.8 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $17.0 million and $47.6 million for the prior year periods. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was due to the increase in the number of aircraft outfitted with our airborne equipment by our CA-ROW and CA-NA segments, as well as leasehold improvements and furniture and fixtures associated with our new office facilities.

We expect our depreciation and amortization expense to increase in future periods as we install our equipment on additional aircraft, install more expensive satellite-based equipment on aircraft (primarily to service the CA-ROW segment) and further expand our ground and satellite networks.

Other (Income) Expense:

Other (income) expense and percent change for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 were as follows (in thousands, except for percent change):


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						% Change
	2015			2014			2015 over 2014
Interest income	$	(49	)	$	(11	)		345.5	%
Interest expense		16,734			9,370			78.6	%
Other (income) expense		377			(35	)		na

Total	$	17,062		$	9,324			83.0	%


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,						% Change
	2015			2014			2015 over 2014
Interest income	$	(65	)	$	(35	)		85.7	%
Interest expense		42,630			23,999			77.6	%
Other (income) expense		287			28			925.0	%

Total	$	42,852		$	23,992			78.6	%

Other expense was $17.1 million and $42.9 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $9.3 million and $24.0 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. The increase in interest expense during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 versus the prior year periods was due to higher average debt levels outstanding during the current year as compared with the prior year as a result of the amendment to the Amended Senior Term Facility entered into on July 30, 2014 and the issuance of Convertible Notes in March 2015.

We expect our interest expense to increase in 2015 due to higher average debt outstanding in 2015 as compared to 2014 as a result of the amendment to the Amended Senior Term Facility entered into on July 30, 2014 and the impact of issuance of the Convertible Notes issued in March 2015. See Note 8, “Long-Term Debt and Other Liabilities,” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information. Interest expense will also increase due to amortization of additional deferred financing costs.

Income Taxes:

The effective income tax rate for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 was (0.9%) and (1.3%), respectively, as compared with (1.2%) and (1.6%), respectively, for the prior year periods. Income tax expense recorded in each period was similar, with differences in pre-tax income causing the change in the effective tax rate. The difference between our effective tax rates and the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets which is excluded from taxable income (loss).

We expect our income tax provision to increase in future periods to the extent we become profitable.

Non-GAAP Measures

In our discussion below, we discuss certain non-GAAP financial measurements, including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Loss Per Share and Cash CAPEX as defined below. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA and Cash CAPEX for business planning purposes, including managing our business against internally projected results of operations and measuring our performance and liquidity. Management prepares Adjusted Net Loss Per Share for investors, securities analysts and other users of our financial statements for use in evaluating our performance under our current capital structure. These supplemental performance measures also provide another basis for comparing period to period results by excluding potential differences caused by non-operational and unusual or non-recurring items. These supplemental performance measurements may vary from and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Loss Per Share and Cash CAPEX are not recognized measurements under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP, and when analyzing our performance or liquidity, as applicable, investors should (i) evaluate each adjustment in our reconciliation to net loss attributable to common stock, and the explanatory footnotes regarding those adjustments, (ii) use Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Loss Per Share in addition to, and not as an alternative to, net loss attributable to common stock as a measure of operating results, and (iii) use Cash CAPEX in addition to, and not as an alternative to, consolidated capital expenditures when evaluating our liquidity.

Definition and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures

EBITDA represents net income (loss) attributable to common stock before income taxes, interest income, interest expense, depreciation expense and amortization of other intangible assets.

Adjusted EBITDA represents EBITDA adjusted for (i) stock-based compensation expense and (ii) amortization of deferred airborne lease incentives. Our management believes that the use of Adjusted EBITDA eliminates items that, management believes, have less bearing on our operating performance, thereby highlighting trends in our core business which may not otherwise be apparent. It also provides an assessment of controllable expenses, which are indicators management uses to determine whether current spending decisions need to be adjusted in order to meet financial goals and achieve optimal financial performance.

We believe the exclusion of stock-based compensation expense from Adjusted EBITDA is appropriate given the significant variation in expense that can result from using the Black-Scholes model to determine the fair value of such compensation. The fair value of our stock options are determined using the Black-Scholes model and varies based on fluctuations in the assumptions used in this model, including inputs that are not necessarily directly related to the performance of our business, such as the expected volatility, the risk-free interest rate and the expected life of the options. Therefore, we believe the exclusion of this cost provides a clearer view of the operating performance of our business. Further, stock option grants made at a certain price and point in time do not necessarily reflect how our business is performing at any particular time. While we believe that investors should have information about any dilutive effect of outstanding options and the cost of that compensation, we also believe that stockholders should have the ability to consider our performance using a non-GAAP financial measure that excludes these costs and that management uses to evaluate our business.

We believe the exclusion of the amortization of deferred airborne lease incentives from Adjusted EBITDA is useful as it allows an investor to view operating performance across time periods in a manner consistent with how management measures segment profit and loss (see Note 14, “Business Segments and Major Customers” for a description of segment profit (loss) in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements). Management evaluates segment profit and loss in this manner, excluding the amortization of deferred airborne lease incentives, because such presentation reflects operating decisions and activities from the current period, without regard to the prior period decision or the form of connectivity agreements. See “—Key Components of Consolidated Statements of Operations—Cost of Service Revenue—Commercial Aviation North America and Rest of World” in our 2014 10-K for a discussion of the accounting treatment of deferred airborne lease incentives.

We also present Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure because we believe that this measure provides investors, securities analysts and other users of our financial statements with important supplemental information with which to evaluate our performance and to enable them to assess our performance on the same basis as management.

Adjusted Net Loss Per Share represents net loss attributable to common stock per share—basic and diluted, adjusted to reflect the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2015 under our current capital structure, after giving effect to the shares of our common stock effectively repurchased as part of the Forward Transactions entered into in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes. We present Adjusted Net Loss Per Share to provide investors, securities analysts and other users of our financial statements with important supplemental information with which to evaluate our performance considering our current capital structure and the shares outstanding after giving effect to the Forward Transactions.

Cash CAPEX represents capital expenditures net of airborne equipment proceeds received from the airlines and incentives paid to us by landlords under certain facilities leases. We believe Cash CAPEX provides a more representative indication of our liquidity requirements with respect to capital expenditures, as under certain agreements with our airline partners we are reimbursed for all or a substantial portion of the cost of our airborne equipment, thereby reducing our cash capital requirements.

Gogo Inc. and Subsidiaries

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Adjusted EBITDA:
Net loss attributable to common stock (GAAP)	$	(28,870	)	$	(24,899	)	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)
Interest expense		16,734			9,370			42,630			23,999
Interest income		(49	)		(11	)		(65	)		(35	)
Income tax provision		245			292			961			954
Depreciation and amortization		22,224			17,016			61,814			47,585

EBITDA		10,284			1,768			31,606			12,076
Stock-based compensation expense		4,544			2,914			10,843			6,732
Amortization of deferred airborne lease incentives		(5,143	)		(3,526	)		(13,740	)		(9,214	)

Adjusted EBITDA	$	9,685		$	1,156		$	28,709		$	9,594

Adjusted Net Loss Per Share:
Net loss (GAAP)	$	(28,870	)	$	(24,899	)	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)

Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding (GAAP)		78,633			85,226			80,047			85,103
Adjustment of shares to our current capital structure		—			(6,593	)		—			(5,056	)

Adjusted shares outstanding		78,633			78,633			80,047			80,047

Adjusted Net Loss Per Share – basic and diluted	$	(0.37	)	$	(0.32	)	$	(0.92	)	$	(0.75	)

Cash CAPEX:
Consolidated capital expenditures (GAAP) ⁽¹⁾	$	(23,538	)	$	(40,527	)	$	(117,783	)	$	(109,513	)
Change in deferred airborne lease incentives ⁽²⁾		6,614			4,722			22,632			12,610
Amortization of deferred airborne lease incentives ⁽²⁾		5,078			3,475			13,569			9,005
Landlord incentives		59			2,496			14,963			2,496

Cash CAPEX	$	(11,787	)	$	(29,834	)	$	(66,619	)	$	(85,402	)

(1)

See unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

(2)

Excludes deferred airborne lease incentives and related amortization associated with STCs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 as STC costs are expensed as incurred as part of Engineering, Design and Development.

Material limitations of Non-GAAP measures

Although EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Loss Per Share and Cash CAPEX are measurements frequently used by investors and securities analysts in their evaluations of companies, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Loss Per Share and Cash CAPEX each have limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for, or more meaningful than, amounts determined in accordance with GAAP.

Some of these limitations are:

•

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect interest income or expense;

•

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect cash requirements for our income taxes;

•

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect depreciation and amortization, which are significant and unavoidable operating costs given the level of capital expenditures needed to maintain our business;

•

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect non-cash components related to employee compensation;

•

Cash CAPEX does not reflect the full extent of capital investments we have made in our operations; and

•

other companies in our or related industries may calculate these measures differently from the way we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table presents a summary of our cash flow activity for the periods set forth below (in thousands):


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	87,337		$	18,860
Net cash used in investing activities		(117,688	)		(111,981	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		206,500			70,009
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash		570			(24	)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		176,719			(23,136	)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of period		211,236			266,342

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of period	$	387,955		$	243,206

We have historically financed our growth and cash needs primarily through the issuance of common stock, non-convertible debt, convertible debt, senior convertible preferred stock, term debt facilities and cash from operating activities. We continually evaluate our ongoing capital needs in light of increasing demand for our services, limitations on bandwidth capacity, evolving technologies in our industry and related strategic, operational and technological opportunities. We actively consider opportunities to raise additional capital in the public and private markets utilizing one or more of the types of capital raising transactions through which we have historically financed our growth and cash needs, as well as other means of capital raising not previously used by us.

Convertible Notes:

On March 3, 2015, we issued $340.0 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers, pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We granted an option to the initial purchasers to purchase up to an additional $60.0 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes to cover over-allotments, of which $21.9 million was subsequently exercised during March 2015, resulting in a total issuance of $361.9 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes. We expect to use the net proceeds from the Convertible Notes, after giving effect of the Forward Transactions, for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including potential costs associated with developing and launching our next-generation technology solutions and the acquisition of additional spectrum should it become available. The Convertible Notes mature on March 1, 2020 unless earlier repurchased or converted into shares of our common stock under certain circumstances described below. Upon maturity, we have the option to settle our obligation through cash, shares of common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock. We pay interest on the Convertible Notes semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on September 1, 2015.

and additional paid-in capital, respectively, in proportion to the allocation of the proceeds of the Convertible Notes. The $7.5 million recorded as deferred financing costs on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet is being amortized over the contractual term of the Convertible Notes using the effective interest method. Total amortization expense of the deferred financing costs was $0.3 million and $0.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively. As of September 30, 2015, the balance of unamortized deferred financing costs related to the Convertible Notes was $6.8 million. See Note 9, “Interest Costs” for additional information.

The Convertible Notes had an initial conversion rate of 41.9274 common shares per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $23.85 per share of our common stock. Upon conversion, we currently expect to deliver cash up to the principal amount of the Convertible Notes then outstanding. With respect to any conversion value in excess of the principal amount, we currently expect to deliver shares of our common stock. We may elect to deliver cash in lieu of all or a portion of such shares. The shares of common stock subject to conversion are excluded from diluted earnings per share calculations under the if-converted method as their impact is anti-dilutive.

Holders may convert notes, at their option, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount at any time prior to December 1, 2019, but only in the following circumstances:

•

upon the occurrence of specified corporate events.

In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, we paid approximately $140 million to enter into the Forward Transactions with certain financial institutions (the “Forward Counterparties”), pursuant to which we purchased approximately 7.2 million shares of common stock for settlement on or around the March 1, 2020 maturity date for the Convertible Notes, subject to the ability of each Forward Counterparty to elect to settle all or a portion of its Forward Transactions early. As a result of the Forward Transactions, total shareholders’ equity within our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet was reduced by approximately $140 million. Approximately 7.2 million shares of common stock that will be effectively repurchased through the Forward Transactions are treated as retired shares for basic and diluted EPS purposes although they remain legally outstanding.

Senior Term Facility:

On July 30, 2014, Gogo Intermediate Holdings LLC, Gogo Business Aviation LLC, f/k/a Aircell Business Aviation Services LLC (“GBA”), and Gogo LLC, as borrowers (the “Borrowers”), entered into an Amendment and Restatement Agreement (the “Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement dated as of June 21, 2012 and amended on April 4, 2013 (the “Amended Senior Term Facility”) among the Borrowers, the lenders named therein, and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. We refer to the Amendment and the Amended Senior Term Facility collectively as the “Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.”

Prior to the Amendment, under the Amended Senior Term Facility we borrowed an aggregate principal amount

of $248.0 million (the “Tranche B-1 Loans”). Pursuant to the Amendment, we borrowed an aggregate additional principal amount of $75.0 million (the “Tranche B-2 Loans” and, together with the Tranche B-1 Loans, the “Loans”). As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, we had $303.2 million and $309.2 million, respectively, outstanding under the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.

See Note 8, “Long-Term Debt and Other Liabilities” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Maturity; Prepayments

We may voluntarily prepay the loans subject to conditions, prices and premiums as follows:

(i)

(ii)

After December 21, 2015 but prior to December 21, 2016, we may prepay the loans at par plus 3.0% of the principal amount of loans prepaid;

(iii)

On and after December 21, 2016, we may prepay the loans at par.

Interest; Fees

The interest rates applicable to the Tranche B-1 Loans are based on a fluctuating rate of interest measured by reference, at GBA’s option, to either (i) a London inter-bank offered rate adjusted for statutory reserve requirements (“LIBOR”) (subject to a 1.50% floor) plus an applicable margin of 9.75% per annum, or (ii) an alternate base rate (“Base Rate”) (subject to a 2.50% floor) plus an applicable margin of 8.75% per annum. The interest rates applicable to the Tranche B-2 Loans are based on a fluctuating rate of interest measured by reference, at GBA’s option, to either (i) LIBOR (subject to a 1.00% floor) plus an applicable margin of 6.50% per annum, or (ii) a Base Rate (subject to a 2.00% floor) plus an applicable margin of 5.50% per annum. As of September 30, 2015, all loans were outstanding as one month LIBOR loans, and the interest rates on the Tranche B-1 Loans and the Tranche B-2 Loans were 11.25% and 7.50%, respectively. We pay customary fees in respect of the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility.

We paid $22.2 million of loan origination fees and financing costs related to the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility, all but $4.1 million of which has been accounted for as deferred financing costs. The $4.1 million of fees that were not accounted for as deferred financing costs were fees not paid directly to the lenders in connection with the amendments in April 2013 and July 2014 and were expensed to interest expense. See Note 9, “Interest Costs,” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional details. Total amortization expense of the deferred financing costs was $0.8 million and $2.3 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $0.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively, for the prior

year periods. Amortization expense is included in interest expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the balance of unamortized deferred financing costs related to the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility was $9.0 million and $11.3 million, respectively.

Covenants

The Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility contains a number of covenants that, among other things, limit or restrict the ability of the borrowers and the guarantors to dispose of assets, incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, prepay certain subordinated indebtedness, modify certain terms of certain material agreements (including intercompany agreements), make dividends and other restricted payments, issue additional preferred stock, make investments (including a cap on investments in our international business during the term of the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility), incur or maintain liens, make capital expenditures, engage in mergers and certain other fundamental changes, engage in certain transactions with affiliates, enter into sale-leaseback arrangements or enter into agreements restricting dividends or other distributions by subsidiaries to the borrowers or any of their subsidiaries.

As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with the covenants, cash balance, reporting and notice requirements of the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility and no event of default had occurred.

Letters of Credit:

We maintain several letters of credit totaling $7.9 million as of both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Certain of the letters of credit require us to maintain restricted cash accounts in a similar amount, and are issued for the benefit of the landlords at our existing office locations in Chicago, Illinois; Bensenville, Illinois; and Broomfield, Colorado and our former office location in Itasca, Illinois.

Liquidity:

Although we can provide no assurances, we currently believe that cash and cash equivalents on hand as of September 30, 2015, together with our other sources of cash, should be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months, including installing our ATG-4 and Ku equipment on certain aircraft operated by our airline partners, costs related to international expansion, costs associated with launching and installing our 2Ku technology, potential costs associated with developing and launching other possible next-generation technology solutions and the acquisition of additional spectrum should it become available. Excluding the impact of the IPO, the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility and the Convertible Notes, we have not generated positive cash flows on a consolidated basis, and our ability to do so will depend in large part on our ability to increase revenue in each of our three business segments. In addition, our ability to generate positive cash flows from operating activities and the timing of certain capital and other necessary expenditures are subject to numerous variables, such as costs related to international expansion and execution of our current technology roadmap, including 2Ku and potential next-generation technologies. We currently believe that cash on hand and, if necessary, additional equity financings or the incurrence of additional debt as permitted under the credit agreement governing our Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility, will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs in the longer-term, including our continued international expansion. The credit agreement governing the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility contains covenants that restrict the ability of Gogo Intermediate Holdings LLC, GBA and Gogo LLC to incur additional indebtedness generally, subject to certain enumerated exceptions, and to undertake certain equity financings through the issuance of certain types of preferred stock. As a result, we may be unable to finance growth of our business to the extent that our cash on hand and cash generated through operating activities prove insufficient and we are unable to raise additional financing through the issuance of common equity or through permitted sales of preferred equity or debt.

Cash flows provided by Operating Activities:

The following table presents a summary of our cash flows from operating activities for the periods set forth below (in thousands):


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015			2014
Net loss	$	(73,734	)	$	(60,427	)
Non-cash charges and credits		86,840			58,879
Changes in operating assets and liabilities		74,231			20,408

Net cash provided by operating activities	$	87,337		$	18,860

For the nine month period ended September 30, 2015, cash provided by operating activities was $87.3 million as compared with cash provided by operating activities of $18.9 million for the prior year period. The principal contributors to the increase in operating cash flows were:

•

A $53.8 million increase in cash flows related to changes in operating assets and liabilities resulting from:

•

An increase in cash flows due to the following:

•

Changes in CA-NA deferred rent due to the commencement of the new facilities leases during 2014;

•

Changes in CA-NA’s deferred revenue due to an increase in subscription based products, buy-before-you-fly user purchase options and equipment transactions associated with one of our airline partners as we have not yet met all the conditions to recognize revenue;

•

Changes in CA-NA’s accounts receivable due to the collection of receivables in 2015 that built throughout 2014;

•

Changes in CA-NA, BA and CA-ROW’s accrued liabilities primarily due to the timing of payments;

•

Changes in BA’s inventories due to inventory remaining relatively consistent during 2015 after building throughout 2014;

•

Changes in CA-NA and CA-ROW’s deferred airborne lease incentives due to additional installations of our equipment in 2015; and

•

Changes in accrued interest due to the issuance of the Convertible Notes in March 2015.

•

Partial offsets to the above that result in decreases in cash flows from the following:

•

Change in BA’s accounts receivable due to an increase in receivables as a result of an increase in service revenue; and

•

Changes in CA-NA and BA’s accounts payable due to the timing of payments.

•

A $14.7 million decrease in net loss adjusted for non-cash charges and credits that was due primarily to increases in the CA-NA and BA segments’ service revenue partially offset by increased spending in all three segments, as noted above under “—Results of Operations.”

We anticipate cash flows from changes in operating assets and liabilities to be positively impacted in 2015 by increases in deferred airborne lease incentives and incentives payable to us by landlords under certain facilities leases, which we estimate will range from $65 million to $85 million for the year ending December 31, 2015.

Cash flows used in Investing Activities:

Cash used in investing activities is primarily for capital expenditures related to airborne equipment, cell site construction, software development, and data center upgrades. See “—Capital Expenditures” below.

Cash flows provided by (used in) Financing Activities:

Cash provided by financing activities for the nine month period ended September 30, 2015 was $206.5 million primarily due to proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes of $361.9 million and proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $4.1 million, partially offset by payments associated with the Forward Transactions of $140.0 million, the payment of debt issuance costs of $10.7 million and payments on our debt facilities and capital leases of $8.8 million.

Cash provided by financing activities for the nine month period ended September 30, 2014 of $70.0 million was primarily due to proceeds from the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility of $75.0 million and proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $2.8 million partially offset by payments on our debt facilities and capital leases of $6.3 million and payment of debt issuance costs of $1.5 million.

Capital Expenditures

Our operations continue to require significant capital expenditures primarily for software development, equipment, and capacity expansion. Capital expenditures for the CA-NA and CA-ROW segments are associated with the installation and the supply of airborne equipment to our airline partners. Capital spending is also associated with the expansion of our ATG network and data centers and includes site acquisition, design, permitting, network equipment and construction costs. Capital expenditures related to data centers are for additional equipment such as servers and IP routers. We capitalize software development costs related to network technology solutions, the Gogo platform and new product/service offerings. We also capitalize costs related to the build out of our new office locations.

Capital expenditures for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 were $117.8 million and $109.5 million, respectively. The increase in capital expenditures was due to the build out of our new office location in Chicago, IL and an increase in airborne equipment purchases for the CA-ROW and CA-NA segments, offset in part by a decrease in network spending in CA-NA and a decrease in capitalized software.

We anticipate an increase in capital spending in 2015 versus 2014 and estimate capital expenditures for the year ending December 31, 2015 will range from $165 million to $205 million as we increase the number of airborne equipment installations, execute our international expansion strategy, install our ATG-4 equipment on certain aircraft operated by our airline partners and build out our new office facilities. We expect our capital expenditures, net of deferred airborne lease incentives and landlord lease incentives as noted above, for the year ending December 31, 2015 to range from $100 million to $120 million. Our expected range of capital expenditures for the year ending December 31, 2015 does not account for any potential costs associated with the participation in any future auction for the licensing of additional spectrum or any related technology or service arrangements necessary to utilize such spectrum. We expect capital expenditures and capital expenditures net of deferred airborne lease incentives in 2016 to be higher than in 2015 due primarily to increases in airborne equipment purchases to support continued installations in our CA-NA and CA-ROW segments.

Contractual Commitments: We have agreements with airborne equipment vendors under which we have remaining commitments to purchase $12.4 million in satellite based systems and development services as of September 30, 2015. Such commitments will become payable as we receive the equipment or are provided the development services.

Leases and Cell Site Contracts: We have lease agreements relating to certain facilities and equipment, which are considered operating leases. Rent expense for such operating leases was $3.4 million and $11.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared with $2.1 million and $6.1 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. Additionally, we have operating leases with wireless service providers for tower space and base station capacity on a volume usage basis (“cell site leases”), some of which provide for minimum annual payments. Our cell site leases generally provide for an initial noncancelable term of up to five years with up to four five-year renewal options. Total cell site rental expense was $2.2 million and $6.8 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, as compared to $2.2 million and $6.5 million, respectively, for the prior year periods.

The revenue share paid to our airline partners represents an operating lease payment and is deemed to be

contingent rental payments, as the payments due to each airline are based on a percentage of our CA-NA and CA-ROW service revenue generated from that airline’s passengers, which is unknown until realized. As such, we cannot estimate the lease payments due to an airline at the commencement of our contract with such airline. Rental expense related to the arrangements with commercial airlines included in cost of service revenue is primarily comprised of these revenue share payments offset by the amortization of the deferred airborne lease incentive discussed above. Such rental expense totaled a net charge of $9.9 million and $30.8 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, respectively, and $9.5 million and $29.2 million, respectively, for the comparable prior year periods. See Note 10, “Leases,” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Indemnifications and Guarantees: In accordance with Delaware law, we indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at our request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under this indemnification is uncertain and may be unlimited, depending upon circumstances. However, our Directors’ and Officers’ insurance does provide coverage for certain of these losses.

ITEM 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our exposure to market risk is currently confined to our cash and cash equivalents and our debt. We have not used derivative financial instruments for speculation or trading purposes. The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve our capital for the purpose of funding operations while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. To achieve these objectives, our investment policy allows us to maintain a portfolio of cash equivalents and short-term investments through a variety of securities, including commercial paper, certificates of deposit, money market funds and corporate debt securities. Our cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, included amounts in bank checking accounts and liquid certificates of deposit with short term maturities. We believe that a change in average interest rates would not adversely affect our interest income and results of operations by a material amount.

The risk inherent in our market risk sensitive instruments and positions is the potential loss arising from interest rates as discussed below. The sensitivity analyses presented do not consider the effects that such adverse changes may have on the overall economic activity, nor do they consider additional actions we may take to mitigate our exposure to such changes. Actual results may differ.

Interest: Our earnings are affected by changes in interest rates due to the impact those changes have on interest income generated from our cash and cash equivalents and interest expense on our long-term debt. Our cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, included amounts in bank checking accounts and liquid certificates of deposit. We believe we have minimal interest rate risk; a 10% change in the average interest rate on our portfolio, would have reduced interest income and increased interest expense for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 by an immaterial amount.

Variable Rate Debt: The interest rates applicable to the Tranche B-1 Loans (as defined in Note 8, “Long-Term Debt and Other Liabilities,” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements) are based on a fluctuating rate of interest measured by reference, at GBA’s option, to either (i) a London inter-bank offered rate adjusted for statutory reserve requirements (“LIBOR”) (subject to a 1.50% floor) plus an applicable margin of 9.75% per annum, or (ii) an alternate base rate (“Base Rate”) (subject to a 2.50% floor) plus an applicable margin of 8.75% per annum. The interest rates applicable to the Tranche B-2 Loans (as defined in Note 8, “Long-Term Debt and Other Liabilities,” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements) are based on a fluctuating rate of interest measured by reference, at GBA’s option, to either (i) LIBOR (subject to a 1.00% floor) plus an applicable margin of 6.50% per annum, or (ii) a Base Rate (subject to a 2.00% floor) plus an applicable margin of 5.50% per annum. As of September 30, 2015, all loans were outstanding as one month LIBOR loans, and the interest rates on the Tranche B-1 Loans and the Tranche B-2 Loans were 11.25% and 7.50%, respectively. As of September 30, 2015, the LIBOR Rate was more than 100 basis points below the floor described above and as a result interest expense for the Amended and Restated Senior Term Facility will not change until both the LIBOR Rate and the applicable base rate exceeds the applicable floors.

Inflation: We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our results of operations. However, there can be no assurance that our business will not be affected by inflation in the future.

Seasonality: Our results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of those for any other interim period for the entire year because the demand for air travel, including business travel, is subject to significant seasonal fluctuations. We generally expect overall passenger opportunity to be greater in the second and third quarters compared to the rest of the year due to an increase in leisure travel offset in part by a decrease in business travel during the summer months and holidays. We expect seasonality of the air transportation business to continue, which may affect our results of operations in any one period.

ITEM 4.

Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of September 30, 2015. Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2015.

(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes to our internal control over financial reporting in connection with the evaluation required by Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

Legal Proceedings

On February 25, 2014, Adam Berkson filed suit against us in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, on behalf of putative classes of national purchasers and a subclass of New York purchasers of our connectivity service, alleging that we violated New York and other consumer protection laws, as well as an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, by misleading consumers about recurring charges for our service. The suit seeks unspecified damages. In May 2014, we filed motions to compel arbitration and dismiss the suit, moving in the alternative to transfer venue and/or dismiss for lack of standing. In April 2015, the court denied our motions in their entirety, and in May 2015, we filed notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. In October 2015, we and representatives of the putative classes entered into a settlement agreement under which eligible class members would be entitled to receive agreed-upon amounts of complementary Gogo connectivity service and we would be responsible for claims administration costs and plaintiffs’ legal fees. The estimated cost of the contemplated settlement is not material. The settlement is subject to court approval which has not yet been obtained. In the event that the court does not approve the settlement as currently proposed and agreement on alternative terms acceptable to both parties and the court cannot be reached, we intend to proceed with our appeal.

In addition to the matters discussed above, from time to time we may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. We cannot predict with certainty the outcome of any litigation or the potential for future litigation. Regardless of the outcome of any particular litigation and the merits of any particular claim, litigation can have a material adverse impact on our Company due to, among other reasons, any injunctive relief granted, which could inhibit our ability to operate our business, amounts paid as damages or in settlement of any such matter, diversion of management resources and defense costs.

ITEM 1A.

Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 as filed with the SEC on February 27, 2015.

ITEM 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

a) Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

b) Use of Proceeds from Public Offering of Common Stock

On June 20, 2013, our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-178727) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission for our IPO, pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 11,000,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $17.00 per share. There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our IPO as described in our prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 24, 2013 pursuant to Rule 424(b). Upon the closing of the IPO, we invested the funds received in registered money market funds and U.S. treasury securities.

ITEM 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

ITEM 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

ITEM 5.

Other Information

None.

ITEM 6.

Exhibits


Exhibit Number		Description of Exhibits

10.1.55 †		Intelsat Transponder Service Order No. 26622 – Amendment No. 1, dated as of August 11, 2015 between Intelsat Corporation and Gogo LLC

10.1.56 †		Intelsat Transponder Service Order No. 26546 – Amendment No. 1, dated as of September 17, 2015 between Intelsat Corporation and Gogo LLC

31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1 *		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2 *		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

†		Certain provisions of this exhibit have been omitted and separately filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a request for confidential treatment.

*		This certification accompanies the Form 10-Q to which it relates, is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (whether made before or after the date of the Form 10-Q), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		Gogo Inc.

Date: November 5, 2015		/s/ Michael Small
		Michael Small
		President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)



		/s/ Norman Smagley
		Norman Smagley
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)