tfoc10q09302008.htm

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
[ X ] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008
OR
[   ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) of
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from                       to
 
Commission File No. 1-11986
 
TANGER FACTORY OUTLET CENTERS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

NORTH CAROLINA
56-1815473
(State or other jurisdiction
(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization)
Identification No.)

3200 Northline Avenue, Suite 360, Greensboro, North Carolina 27408
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip code)

(336) 292-3010
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ý  No ¨   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ý
Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨
Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicated by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý

31,664,401 shares of Common Stock,
$.01 par value, outstanding as of October 31, 2008


1

TANGER FACTORY OUTLET CENTERS, INC.

Index


 
Page Number
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1.    Financial Statements (Unaudited)
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets -
 
   
as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007
3
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations -
 
   
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
4
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -
 
   
for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
5
     
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
6
   
Item 2.   Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
 
 
Condition and Results of Operations
17
   
Item 3.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
30
   
Item 4.   Controls and Procedures
31
   
Part II. Other Information
   
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings
31
   
Item 1A. Risk Factors
31
   
Item 6.    Exhibits
32
   
Signatures
32







 
2

 

PART I. – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 – Financial Statements

TANGER FACTORY OUTLET CENTERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
             
                            September 30,
 
                            December 31,
   
                         2008
 
                          2007
ASSETS:
               
 
Rental property
               
 
Land
 
$
135,688
   
$
130,075
 
 
Buildings, improvements and fixtures
   
1,233,680
     
1,104,459
 
 
Construction in progress
   
16,377
     
52,603
 
     
1,385,745
     
1,287,137
 
 
Accumulated depreciation
   
(345,577
)
   
(312,638
)
 
Rental property, net
   
1,040,168
     
974,499
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
   
3,753
     
2,412
 
 
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures
   
12,145
     
10,695
 
 
Deferred charges, net
   
39,854
     
44,804
 
 
Other assets
   
28,811
     
27,870
 
 
Total assets
 
$
1,124,731
   
$
1,060,280
 
LIABILITIES, MINORITY INTEREST AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities
               
   
Debt
               
 
Senior, unsecured notes (net of discount of $701 and
               
   
$759, respectively)
 
$
398,799
   
$
498,741
 
 
Unsecured term loan
   
235,000
     
---
 
 
Mortgages payable (including a debt premium of
               
   
 $0 and $1,046, respectively)
   
---
     
173,724
 
 
Unsecured lines of credit
   
149,500
     
33,880
 
       
783,299
     
706,345
 
 
Construction trade payables
   
22,840
     
23,813
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
46,573
     
47,185
 
     
Total liabilities
   
852,712
     
777,343
 
Commitments
               
Minority interest in operating partnership
   
31,678
     
33,733
 
Shareholders’ equity
               
 
Preferred shares, 7.5% Class C, liquidation preference
               
   
 $25 per share, 8,000,000 shares authorized, 3,000,000
               
   
shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and
               
   
December 31, 2007
   
75,000
     
75,000
 
 
Common shares, $.01 par value, 150,000,000 shares
               
   
authorized, 31,664,401 and 31,329,241 shares issued
               
   
and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and December 31,
               
   
2007, respectively
   
317
     
313
 
 
Paid in capital
   
357,698
     
351,817
 
 
Distributions in excess of net income 
   
(192,601
)
   
(171,625
)
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
   
(73
)
   
(6,301
)
     
 Total shareholders’ equity
   
240,341
     
249,204
 
       
Total liabilities, minority interest and shareholders’ equity
 
$
1,124,731
   
$
1,060,280
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
3

 


TANGER FACTORY OUTLET CENTERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
         
   
                     Three months ended
 
                 Nine months ended
   
                    September 30,
 
                    September 30,
   
                2008
 
                2007
 
                2008
 
            2007
Revenues
                                 
 
Base rentals
$
40,519
   
$
37,207
   
$
116,374
   
$
108,614
   
 
Percentage rentals
   
1,811
     
2,305
     
4,109
     
5,434
   
 
Expense reimbursements
   
18,277
     
16,719
     
51,447
     
47,496
   
 
Other income
   
2,166
     
2,155
     
5,124
     
5,243
   
 
Total revenues
   
62,773
     
58,386
     
177,054
     
166,787
   
                                   
Expenses
                                 
 
Property operating
   
20,678
     
19,158
     
57,422
     
53,893
   
 
General and administrative
   
6,217
     
4,916
     
17,165
     
14,096
   
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
15,320
     
14,941
     
45,593
     
48,870
   
 
Total expenses
   
42,215
     
39,015
     
120,180
     
116,859
   
Operating income
   
20,558
     
19,371
     
56,874
     
49,928
   
Interest expense
   
9,147
     
10,087
     
28,191
     
30,215
   
Loss on settlement of US treasury rate locks
   
---
     
---
     
8,910
     
---
   
Income before equity in earnings of
                                 
 
unconsolidated joint ventures, minority
                                 
 
interest and discontinued operations
   
11,411
     
9,284
     
19,773
     
19,713
   
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated
                                 
 
joint ventures
   
596
     
461
     
1,548
     
1,030
   
Minority interest in operating partnership
   
(1,729
)
   
(1,370
)
   
(2,794
)
   
(2,716
)
 
Income from continuing operations
   
10,278
     
8,375
     
18,527
     
18,027
   
Discontinued operations, net of
                                 
 
minority interest
   
---
     
22
     
---
     
76
   
Net income
 
10,278
     
8,397
     
18,527
     
18,103
   
Preferred share dividends
   
(1,406
)
   
(1,406
)
   
(4,219
)
   
(4,219
)
 
Net income available to common
                                 
 
shareholders
$
 
8,872
   
$
6,991
   
$
14,308
   
$
13,884
   
                                   
Basic earnings per common share
                                 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
.29
   
$
.23
   
$
.46
   
$
.45
   
 
Net income
$
.29
   
$
.23
   
$
.46
   
$
.45
   
                                   
Diluted earnings per common share
                                 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
.28
   
$
.22
   
$
.45
   
$
.44
   
 
Net income
$
.28
   
$
.22
   
$
.45
   
$
.44
   
                                   
Dividends paid per common share
$
.38
   
$
.36
   
$
1.12
   
$
1.06
   
                                   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
4

 


TANGER FACTORY OUTLET CENTERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
                         
   
         Nine Months Ended
 
   
      September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
  
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
               
 
Net income
 
$
18,527
   
$
18,103
 
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
               
   
provided by operating activities:
               
   
Loss on settlement of US treasury rate locks
   
8,910
     
---
 
   
Depreciation and amortization (including discontinued
               
     
operations)
   
45,620
     
49,015
 
   
Amortization of deferred financing costs
   
1,212
     
1,308
 
   
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures
   
(1,548
)
   
(1,030
)
   
Operating partnership minority interest
               
       
(including discontinued operations)
   
2,794
     
2,731
 
   
Compensation expense related to restricted shares
               
     
and options granted
   
4,024
     
2,956
 
   
Amortization of debt premiums and discount, net
   
(1,194
)
   
(1,927
)
   
Distributions received from unconsolidated joint ventures
   
2,655
     
2,135
 
   
Net accretion of market rent rate adjustment
   
(228
)
   
(877
)
   
Straight-line base rent adjustment
   
(2,697
)
   
(2,306
)
 
Increase (decrease) due to changes in:
               
   
Other assets
   
(265
)
   
(3,850
)
   
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
(5,741
)
   
2,686
 
     
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
72,069
     
68,944
 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
               
 
Additions to rental property
   
(102,587
)
   
(58,432
)
 
Additions to investments in unconsolidated joint ventures
   
(1,577
)
   
---
 
 
Return of equity from unconsolidated joint ventures
   
---
     
1,281
 
 
Additions to deferred lease costs
   
(3,295
)
   
(2,254
)
     
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(107,459
)
   
(59,405
)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
               
 
Cash dividends paid
   
(39,503
)
   
(37,299
)
 
Distributions to operating partnership minority interest
   
(6,791
)
   
(6,432
)
 
Proceeds from debt issuances
   
687,170
     
92,400
 
 
Repayments of debt
   
(609,228
)
   
(71,912
)
 
Proceeds from tax incremental financing
   
4,646
     
5,813
 
 
Additions to deferred financing costs
   
(2,151
)
   
---
 
 
Proceeds from exercise of options
   
2,588
     
1,872
 
     
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
36,731
     
(15,558
)
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
   
1,341
     
(6,019
)
 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
   
2,412
     
8,453
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
 
$
3,753
   
$
2,434
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
5

 

TANGER FACTORY OUTLET CENTERS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


1.  
Business

Tanger Factory Outlet Centers, Inc. and subsidiaries is one of the largest owners and operators of factory outlet centers in the United States.  We are a fully-integrated, self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT, that focuses exclusively on developing, acquiring, owning, operating and managing factory outlet shopping centers.  As of September 30, 2008, we owned and operated 30 outlet centers with a total gross leasable area of approximately 8.8 million square feet.  These factory outlet centers were 97% occupied. We also operated two outlet centers in which we owned a 50% interest with a gross leasable area of approximately 667,000 square feet. 

Our factory outlet centers and other assets are held by, and all of our operations are conducted by, Tanger Properties Limited Partnership and subsidiaries.  Accordingly, the descriptions of our business, employees and properties are also descriptions of the business, employees and properties of the Operating Partnership.  Unless the context indicates otherwise, the term “Company” refers to Tanger Factory Outlet Centers, Inc. and subsidiaries and the term “Operating Partnership” refers to Tanger Properties Limited Partnership and subsidiaries.  The terms “we”, “our” and “us” refer to the Company or the Company and the Operating Partnership together, as the text requires.

We own the majority of the units of partnership interest issued by the Operating Partnership through our two wholly-owned subsidiaries, the Tanger GP Trust and the Tanger LP Trust. The Tanger GP Trust controls the Operating Partnership as its sole general partner.  The Tanger LP Trust holds a limited partnership interest.  The Tanger family, through its ownership of the Tanger Family Limited Partnership, holds the remaining units as a limited partner.  Stanley K. Tanger, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, is the sole general partner of Tanger Family Limited Partnership.

2.  
Basis of Presentation

Our unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.  The December 31, 2007 balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements.  Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s ("SEC") rules and regulations, although management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include our accounts, our wholly-owned subsidiaries, as well as the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries and reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the interim consolidated financial statements.  All such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature.  Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Investments in real estate joint ventures that represent non-controlling ownership interests are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. These investments are recorded initially at cost and subsequently adjusted for our equity in the venture's net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions.

 
6

 


3.  
Development of Rental Properties

Washington, Pennsylvania

On August 29, 2008, we held the grand opening of our 371,000 square foot outlet center located south of Pittsburgh in Washington, Pennsylvania.  Tenants include Nike, Gap, Old Navy, Banana Republic, Coach and others.  The outlet center opened 86% leased.

Expansions at Existing Centers

During the second quarter of 2008, we completed a 62,000 square foot expansion at our center located in Barstow, California.  As of September 30, 2008, the center contained a total of approximately 171,000 square feet, including the newly opened expansion space.  The outlet center is 100% occupied.

Commitments to complete construction of the Washington, PA development, along with renovations at centers in Myrtle Beach Hwy 501, South Carolina; Lincoln City, Oregon; Park City, Utah and Foley, Alabama and other capital expenditure requirements amounted to approximately $11.4 million at September 30, 2008.  Commitments for construction represent only those costs contractually required to be paid by us.

Interest costs capitalized during the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $515,000 and $484,000, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $1.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively.

4.  
Investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Joint Ventures

Our investments in unconsolidated real estate joint ventures as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 aggregated $12.1 million and $10.7 million, respectively.  We have evaluated the accounting treatment for each of the joint ventures under the guidance of FIN 46R, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (Revised December 2003)”, and have concluded based on the current facts and circumstances that the equity method of accounting should be used to account for the individual joint ventures.  We are members of the following unconsolidated real estate joint ventures:

 
 
 
 
Joint Venture
 
 
 
Our
Ownership %
 
Carrying Value
as of
September 30,
2008
 (in millions)
 
Carrying Value
as of
December 31,
2007
 (in millions)
 
 
 
 
Project Location
Myrtle Beach Hwy 17
50%
$0.3
$0.9
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
Wisconsin Dells
50%
$5.4
$6.0
Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin
Deer Park
33%
$6.4
$3.8
Deer Park, New York


 
7

 

Our Myrtle Beach Hwy 17 and Wisconsin Dells joint ventures are not considered variable interest entities.  Our Deer Park joint venture is considered a variable interest entity but we are not considered the primary beneficiary.  These investments are recorded initially at cost and subsequently adjusted for our equity in the venture’s net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions.  Our investments in real estate joint ventures are reduced by 50% of the profits earned for leasing and development services we provided to the Myrtle Beach Hwy 17 and Wisconsin Dells joint ventures.  The following management, leasing and marketing fees were recognized from services provided to Myrtle Beach Hwy 17, Wisconsin Dells and Deer Park (in thousands):

   
                        Three Months Ended
                         Nine Months Ended
   
                         September 30,
                         September 30,
   
2008
2007
2008
2007
Fee:
         
 
Management and leasing
$   405
 $   137
$   898
$   416
 
Marketing
 
28
25
93
82
Total Fees
 
$   433
$   162
$   991
$   498

Our carrying value of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures differs from our share of the assets reported in the “Summary Balance Sheets – Unconsolidated Joint Ventures” shown below due to adjustments to the book basis, including intercompany profits on sales of services that are capitalized by the unconsolidated joint ventures. The differences in basis are amortized over the various useful lives of the related assets.

Deer Park

In October 2003, we established the Deer Park joint venture to develop and own a center in Deer Park, New York. On October 23, 2008, we held the grand opening of the initial phase that contains approximately 682,000 square feet including a 32,000 square foot Neiman Marcus Last Call store, which will be the first and only one on Long Island. Other tenants include Anne Klein, Banana Republic, BCBG, Christmas Tree Shops, Eddie Bauer, Reebok, New York Sports Club and others.  Regal Cinemas has also leased 67,000 square feet for a 16-screen Cineplex, one of the few state of the art cineplexes on Long Island.  The retail space at the center opened 77% leased.  Upon completion of the project, the entire shopping center will contain over 800,000 square feet.

During 2008, we made additional capital contributions of $1.6 million to Deer Park. Both of the other venture partners made equity contributions equal to ours.  After making the above contribution, the total amount of equity contributed by each venture partner to the project was approximately $4.8 million.

In May 2007, the joint venture closed on a $284.0 million construction loan for the project with a weighted average interest rate of one month LIBOR plus 1.49%.  Over the life of the loan, if certain criteria are met, the weighted average interest rate can decrease to one month LIBOR plus 1.23%.  The construction loan, which had a balance as of September 30, 2008 of $196.4 million, is scheduled to mature in May 2010 with a one year extension option at that date. The loan is collateralized by the property as well as limited joint and several guarantees by all three venture partners.  The joint venture entered into two interest rate swap agreements during June 2007.  The first swap is for a notional amount of $49.0 million and the second is a forward starting interest rate swap agreement with escalating notional amounts that totaled $82.4 million as of September 30, 2008.  The notional amount of the forward starting interest rate swap agreement will total $121.0 million as of November 1, 2008.  The agreements expire on June 1, 2009.  These swaps will effectively change the rate of interest on up to $170.0 million of variable rate construction debt to a fixed rate of 6.75%.

 
8

 


Condensed combined summary financial information of joint ventures accounted for using the equity method is as follows (in thousands):

     
 
Summary Balance Sheets
 – Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
As of     
 September 30,
 2008      
 As of      
December 31,
 2007      
Assets
   
 
Investment properties at cost, net
$  72,118
$  71,022
 
Construction in progress
226,031
103,568
 
Cash and cash equivalents
4,104
2,282
 
Deferred charges, net
6,041
2,092
 
Other assets
7,853
8,425
   
Total assets
$316,147
$  187,389
Liabilities and Owners’ Equity
   
 
Mortgages payable
$  259,789
$  148,321
 
Construction trade payables
26,750
13,052
 
Accounts payable and other liabilities (1)
6,845
6,377
   
Total liabilities
293,384
167,750
Owners’ equity (1)
22,763
19,639
Total liabilities and owners’ equity
$316,147
$  187,389

 
(1) Includes the fair value of interest rate swap agreements at Deer Park and Myrtle Beach Hwy 17 totaling $3.3 million and $4.0 million as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, recorded as an increase in accounts payable and other liabilities and a reduction of owners’ equity.

 
                         Three Months Ended
                     Nine Months Ended
Summary Statements of Operations -
                        September 30,
                 September 30,
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
2008
2007
2008
2007
         
Revenues
$    5,582
$ 4,949
$  15,370
$  14,365
         
Expenses
       
 
Property operating
2,128
1,643
5,650
5,003
 
General and administrative
90
60
188
219
 
Depreciation and amortization
1,302
1,353
3,991
4,119
Total expenses
3,520
3,056
9,829
9,341
Operating income
2,062
1,893
5,541
5,024
Interest expense
932
1,025
2,592
3,142
Net income
$   1,130
$    868
$  2,949
$ 1,882
         
Tanger’s share of:
       
Net income
$      596
$    461
$     1,548
$    1,030
Depreciation (real estate related)
635
651
1,938
1,985


 
9

 


5.  Disposition of Property
 
During the 2008 period, we did not have any property dispositions.  In October 2007, we completed the sale of our property in Boaz, Alabama.  Net proceeds received from the sale of the property were approximately $2.0 million.  Below is a summary of the results of operations for the Boaz, Alabama property sold during the third quarter of 2007 (in thousands):
 
     
Summary Statements of Operations -
                  Three Months Ended
                 Nine Months Ended
Disposed Properties Included in
                September 30,
                      September 30,
Discontinued Operations
2008
2007
2008
2007
Revenues:
       
 
Base rentals
$ ---
$ 141
$ ---
$     417
 
Percentage rentals
---
---
---
1
 
Expense reimbursements
---
37
---
103
 
Other income
---
6
---
15
   
Total revenues
---
184
---
536
Expenses:
       
 
Property operating
---
105
---
291
 
General and administrative
---
5
---
9
 
Depreciation and amortization
---
48
---
145
   
Total expenses
---
158
---
445
Discontinued operations before minority interest
---
26
---
91
Minority interest
---
(4)
---
(15)
Discontinued operations
$ ---
$ 22
$ ---
$      76

6.  
Debt

During the second quarter of 2008, we closed on a $235.0 million unsecured three year term loan facility.  The syndicated facility was jointly arranged by Banc of America Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., with Bank of America, N.A. serving as Administrative Agent and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. serving as Syndication Agent.  The facility bears interest at a spread over LIBOR of 160 basis points, with the spread adjusting over time, based upon our debt ratings.  We currently maintain investment grade ratings with Moody's Investors Service (Baa3 stable) and Standard and Poor's Ratings Services (BBB).

Proceeds from the term loan were used to repay our only remaining mortgage loan with a principal balance of approximately $170.7 million in June 2008.  A prepayment premium, representing interest through the July payment date, of approximately $406,000 was paid at closing.  Upon the repayment of this mortgage, our entire portfolio of wholly-owned properties became unencumbered.  The remaining proceeds of approximately $62.8 million, net of closing costs, were applied against amounts outstanding on our unsecured lines of credit and to settle the interest rate lock protection agreements discussed in Note 7, Derivatives.

During the first quarter of 2008, we increased the maximum availability under our existing unsecured lines of credit by $125.0 million, bringing our total availability to $325.0 million.  The terms of the increases are identical to those included within the existing unsecured lines of credit with the current borrowing rate ranging from LIBOR plus 75 basis points to LIBOR plus 85 basis points.

On February 15, 2008, our $100.0 million, 9.125% unsecured senior notes matured.  We repaid these notes with amounts available under our unsecured lines of credit.

 
10

 


7.  
Derivatives

In July 2008 and September 2008, we entered into LIBOR based interest rate swap agreements with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Branch Banking and Trust Company for notional amounts of $118.0 million and $117.0 million respectively.  The purpose of these swaps was to fix the interest rate on the $235.0 million outstanding under the term loan facility completed in June 2008.  The swaps fixed the one month LIBOR rate at 3.605% and 3.70%, respectively.  These swap agreements, when combined with the current spread of 160 basis points on the term loan facility, result in a blended interest rate on the $235.0 million of variable rate debt of 5.25% until April 1, 2011.

In accordance with our derivatives policy, the swaps were assessed for effectiveness at the time of the transaction and it was determined that there was no ineffectiveness.  The derivatives have been designated as cash flow hedges and will be assessed for effectiveness on an on-going basis at the end of each quarter.  Unrealized gains and losses related to the effective portion of our derivatives are recognized in other comprehensive income and gains or losses related to ineffective portions are recognized in the income statement.

In conjunction with the closing of the unsecured term loan facility discussed above, we settled two interest rate lock protection agreements which were intended to fix the US Treasury index at an average rate of 4.62% for an aggregate amount of $200.0 million of new debt for 10 years from July 2008.  We originally entered into these agreements in 2005 in anticipation of a public debt offering during 2008, based on the 10 year US Treasury rate.  Upon the closing of the LIBOR based unsecured term loan facility, we determined that we were unlikely to execute a US Treasury based debt offering.  The settlement of the interest rate lock protection agreements, at a total cost of $8.9 million, was reflected as a loss on settlement of US treasury rate locks in our consolidated statements of operations.

In our March 31, 2008 assessment of the two US treasury rate lock derivatives, we concluded that as of March 31, 2008, the occurrence of the forecasted transactions were considered “reasonably possible” instead of “probable”.  The accounting ramifications of that conclusion were that amounts previously deferred in other comprehensive income remain frozen until the forecasted transaction either affected earnings or subsequently became not probable of occurring.  The value of the derivatives as of March 31, 2008 included in other comprehensive income and liabilities was $17.8 million.  Also, hedge accounting was discontinued on a go forward basis and changes in fair value related to theses two derivatives after April 1, 2008 were recognized in the statement of operations immediately.

The remaining net benefit from a derivative settled during 2005 in accumulated other comprehensive income was an unamortized balance as of September 30, 2008 of $2.1 million, net of minority interest of $404,000.  This balance will amortize into the statement of operations through October 2015.

The following table summarizes the notional amounts and fair values of our derivative financial instruments as of September 30, 2008 (in thousands).

 
Financial Instrument Type
Notional
Amount
Average
Rate   
 
Maturity
 
Fair Value
 
LIBOR based interest rate swaps
$235,000
3.65%
April 2011
$(1,327   
)


 
11

 


8.  
Other Comprehensive Income

Total comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 is as follows (in thousands):

 
   
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
  September 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
2008
 
2007
 
Net income
  $ 10,278   $ 8,397   $ 18,527   $ 18,103  
Other comprehensive income:
                         
Reclassification adjustment for amortization of gain
                         
on 2005 settlement of US treasury rate lock included
                         
in net income, net of minority interest of $(11),
                         
$(11), $(34) and $(32)
    (58 )   (55 )   (172 )   (162 )
                           
Reclassification adjustment for termination of US
                         
treasury rate locks, net of minority interest of
                         
$0, $0, $2,865 and $0
    ---     ---     14,895     ---  
                           
Change in fair value of treasury rate locks, net of
                         
minority interest of $0, $(1,069), $(1,434) and $(271)
    ---     (5,429 )   (7,572 )   (1,374 )
                           
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of
                         
Minority interest of $(217), $0, $(217) and $0
    (1,110 )   ---     (1,110 )   ---  
                           
Change in fair value of our portion of our
                         
unconsolidated joint ventures’ cash flow hedges, net
                         
of minority interest of $72, $(134), $36 and $(141)
    370     (681 )   187     (718 )
Other comprehensive income (loss)
    (798 )   (6,165 )   6,228     (2,254 )
Total comprehensive income
  $ 9,480   $ 2,232   $ 24,755   $ 15,849  
 
 
  9.  Share-Based Compensation

During the first quarter of 2008, the Board of Directors approved the grant of 190,000 restricted common shares to our independent directors and our officers.  The restricted common shares granted to independent directors vest ratably over a three year period.  The restricted common shares granted to officers vest ratably over a five year period.  The grant date fair value of the awards, or $37.04 per share, was determined based upon the closing market price of our common shares on the day prior to the grant date in accordance with the terms of the Company’s Incentive Award Plan, or Plan.  Compensation expense related to the amortization of the deferred compensation amount is being recognized in accordance with the vesting schedule of the restricted shares.

We recorded share-based compensation expense in our statements of operations as follows (in thousands):

   
                  Three Months Ended
                 Nine Months Ended
   
                     September 30,
                 September 30,
   
2008
2007
2008
2007
Restricted shares
 
$     1,354 
$   1,014
$  3,866
$  2,801 
Options
 
50 
53
158
155 
Total share based compensation
 
$     1,404 
$   1,067
$  4,024
$  2,956 

As of September 30, 2008, there was $14.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Plan.

 
12

 


10.  
Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators in computing earnings per share in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, “Earnings Per Share” (in thousands, except per share amounts):

   
  Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
    September 30,
   
    September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
Numerator
                       
Income from continuing operations
  $ 10,278     $ 8,375     $ 18,527     $ 18,027  
Less applicable preferred share dividends
    (1,406 )     (1,406 )     (4,219 )     (4,219 )
Income from continuing operations available to
                               
common shareholders
    8,872       6,969       14,308       13,808  
Discontinued operations
    ---       22       ---       76  
Net income available to common shareholders
  $ 8,872     $ 6,991     $ 14,308     $ 13,884  
Denominator
                               
Basic weighted average common shares
    31,129       30,847       31,059       30,805  
Effect of exchangeable notes
    487       235       487       235  
Effect of outstanding options
    123       188       149       217  
Effect of unvested restricted share awards
    132       130       138       144  
Diluted weighted average common shares
    31,871       31,400       31,833       31,401  
                                 
Basic earnings per common share
                               
Income from continuing operations
  $ .29     $ .23     $ .46     $ .45  
Net income
  $ .29     $ .23     $ .46     $ .45  
                                 
Diluted earnings per common share
                               
Income from continuing operations
  $ .28     $ .22     $ .45     $ .44  
Net income
  $ .28     $ .22     $ .45     $ .44  
                                 
Our $149.5 million of exchangeable notes are included in the diluted earnings per share computation, if the effect is dilutive, using the treasury stock method.  In applying the treasury stock method, the effect will be dilutive if the average market price of our common shares for at least 20 trading days in the 30 consecutive trading days at the end of each quarter is higher than the exchange rate of $36.1198 per share.

The computation of diluted earnings per share excludes options to purchase common shares when the exercise price is greater than the average market price of the common shares for the period.  No options were excluded from the computations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  The assumed conversion of the partnership units held by the minority interest limited partner as of the beginning of the year, which would result in the elimination of earnings allocated to the minority interest in the Operating Partnership, would have no impact on earnings per share since the allocation of earnings to a partnership unit, as if converted, is equivalent to earnings allocated to a common share.

Restricted share awards are included in the diluted earnings per share computation, if the effect is dilutive, using the treasury stock method.  All restricted shares issued were included in the computation of diluted weighted average common shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008.  A total of 160,000 restricted shares were excluded from the computation of diluted weighted average common shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.  If the share based awards were granted during the period, the shares issuable are weighted to reflect the portion of the period during which the awards were outstanding.

 
13

 


11.  
Fair Value Measurements

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, or FAS 157.  FAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  We adopted the provisions of FAS 157 as of January 1, 2008 for financial instruments.  Although the adoption of FAS 157 did not materially impact our financial condition, results of operations or cash flow, we are now required to provide additional disclosures as part of our consolidated financial statements.

We are exposed to various market risks, including changes in interest rates.  We periodically enter into certain interest rate protection agreements to effectively convert floating rate debt to a fixed rate basis and to hedge anticipated future financings similar to those described in Note 7, Derivatives.

FAS 157 established a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value.  These tiers are defined as follows:

Tier
Description
Level 1
Defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets
   
Level 2
Defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable
   
Level 3
Defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions

The valuation of our financial instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves.

For assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, quantitative disclosure of the fair value for each major category of assets and liabilities is presented below:
     
   
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using (in thousands)
   
Quoted prices
   
   
in active markets
Significant other
Significant
   
for identical assets
observable inputs
unobservable inputs
   
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Liabilities:
       
Derivative financial instruments (1)
 
---
$(1,327)
---
         
(1) Included in “Accounts payable and accrued expenses” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
 
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157”, which delays the effective date of FAS 157 to January 1, 2009 for us for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually).  Accordingly, our adoption of FAS 157 in 2008 was limited to financial assets and liabilities, and therefore only applied to the valuation of our derivative contracts.

Effective September 30, 2008, we adopted FASB Staff Position 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” or FSP 157-3, which was issued on October 10, 2008.  FSP 157-3 clarifies the application of FAS 157 in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market for that financial asset is not active.  The adoption of FSP 157-3 had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

14

12.  
Non-Cash Activities

During the second quarter, upon the closing of our LIBOR based unsecured term loan facility, we determined that we were unlikely to enter into a US Treasury based debt offering.  In accordance with FAS 133, we reclassified to earnings in the period the amount recorded in other comprehensive income, $17.8 million, related to these derivatives.  This amount had been frozen as of March 31, 2008 when we determined that the probability of the forecast transaction was “reasonably possible” instead of “probable”.  Effective April 1, 2008, we discontinued hedge accounting and the changes in the fair value of the derivative contracts subsequent to April 1, 2008 resulted in a gain of $8.9 million.  The accounting treatment of these derivatives resulted in a net loss on settlement of $8.9 million which has been reflected in the statement of cash flows as a non-cash operating activity.  The $8.9 million cash settlement of the derivatives during the second quarter was reflected in the statement of cash flows as change in accounts payable and accrued expenses.

We purchase capital equipment and incur costs relating to construction of facilities, including tenant finishing allowances.  Expenditures included in construction trade payables as of September 30, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $22.8 million and $27.9 million, respectively.

13.  
Shareholders’ Rights Plan

On August 26, 2008, the Rights Agreements between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (f/k/a/ EquiServe Trust Company, N.A.), dated as of August 20, 1998, as amended, and the related rights to purchase Class B Preferred Shares, expired by their terms.  In connection with the expiration of the Rights Agreement, the Company filed the Articles of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company, or Amendment, with the Secretary of State of the State of North Carolina to amend the provision regarding the preferences, limitations and relative rights of the Class B Preferred Shares.  A copy of the Amendment is incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit 3.1(f) to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 27, 2008.

14.  
New Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007) “Business Combinations”, or FAS 141R.  FAS 141R is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008, which means that we will adopt FAS 141R on January 1, 2009.  FAS 141R replaces FAS 141 “Business Combinations” and requires that the acquisition method of accounting (which FAS 141 called the purchase method) be used for all business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009, as well as for an acquirer to be identified for each business combination.  FAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer: (i) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree; (ii) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and (iii) determines what information to disclose to enable users of financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial affects of the business combination.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of FAS 141R on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160 “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51”, or FAS 160.  FAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008, which means that we will adopt FAS 160 on January 1, 2009.  This statement amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary.  FAS 160 changes accounting and reporting for minority interests, which will be recharacterized as non-controlling interests and classified as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements.  FAS 160 requires retroactive adoption of the presentation and disclosure requirements for existing minority interests.  All other requirements of FAS 160 shall be applied prospectively.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of FAS 160 on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

 
15

 


In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133”, or FAS 161.  FAS 161 requires entities that utilize derivative instruments to provide qualitative disclosures about their objectives and strategies for using such instruments, as well as any details of credit-risk-related contingent features contained within derivatives.  FAS 161 also requires entities to disclose additional information about the amounts and location of derivatives located within the financial statements, how the provisions of FAS 133 has been applied, and the impact that hedges have on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.  FAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged.  We currently provide many of the disclosures required by FAS 161 in our financial statements and therefore, we believe that upon adoption the only impact on our financial statements will be further enhancement of our disclosures.
 
In April 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets”, or FSP 142-3.  FSP 142-3 amends the factors to be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of an identified intangible asset under FASB Statement No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, and requires expanded disclosure related to the determination of intangible asset useful lives.  FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting FSP 142-3.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of FSP 142-3 on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In May 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. APB 14-1,”Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments that May be Settled in Cash Upon Conversion”, FSP APB 14-1. FSP APB 14-1 requires that the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects an issuer's nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. Under FSP APB 14-1 the value assigned to the debt component must be the estimated fair value of a similar nonconvertible debt.  FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early adoption is not permitted. Retrospective application to all periods presented is required except for instruments that were not outstanding during any of the periods that will be presented in the annual financial statements for the period of adoption but were outstanding during an earlier period. The resulting debt discount is amortized over the period during which the debt is expected to be outstanding (i.e., through the first optional redemption date) as additional non-cash interest expense.  The adoption of FSP APB 14-1 in the first quarter of 2009 will result in approximately $.06 to $.08 per share (net of incremental capitalized interest) of additional non-cash interest expense for the year ended 2008 related to our $149.5 million in convertible debt which was issued during the third quarter of 2006.

15.  
Subsequent Events

In October 2008, we received a ratings upgrade from Standard and Poor’s Ratings Services, increasing our investment grade rating from BBB- to BBB.  We are one of only two real estate investment trusts to receive a ratings upgrade this year.

Also, in October 2008, we made the decision to terminate our purchase options with respect to our potential new developments in Port St. Lucie, Florida and Phoenix, Arizona.  As a result, we will write-off approximately $1.8 million of predevelopment costs related to these projects during the fourth quarter of 2008.  The write-off will be included in property operating expenses on the consolidated statement of operations in the fourth quarter of 2008.




 
16

 

Item 2.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The discussion of our results of operations reported in the unaudited, consolidated statements of operations compares the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 with the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.  The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report.  Historical results and percentage relationships set forth in the unaudited, consolidated statements of operations, including trends which might appear, are not necessarily indicative of future operations.  Unless the context indicates otherwise, the term “Company” refers to Tanger Factory Outlet Centers, Inc. and subsidiaries and the term “Operating Partnership” refers to Tanger Properties Limited Partnership and subsidiaries.  The terms “we”, “our” and “us” refer to the Company or the Company and the Operating Partnership together, as the text requires.

Cautionary Statements

Certain statements made below are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.  We intend for such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Reform Act of 1995 and included this statement for purposes of complying with these safe harbor provisions. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, are generally identifiable by use of the words “believe”, “expect”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “project”, or similar expressions.  You should not rely on forward-looking statements since they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which are, in some cases, beyond our control and which could materially affect our actual results, performance or achievements.  Factors which may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, but are not limited to, those set forth under Item 1A – “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 as well as Part II, Item 1A – “Risk Factors” of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2008.

General Overview

At September 30, 2008, our consolidated portfolio included 30 wholly owned outlet centers in 21 states totaling 8.8 million square feet compared to 30 wholly owned outlet centers in 21 states totaling 8.4 million square feet at September 30, 2007.  The changes in the number of outlet centers, square feet and number of states are due to the following events:

   
No. of  
  Centers
Square Feet
(000’s)
 
States
As of September 30, 2007
 
30
8,363
21
 
New development:
       
   
Washington, Pennsylvania
 
1
371
---
 
Center expansions:
       
   
Barstow, California
 
---
62
---
   
Branson, Missouri
 
---
25
---
   
Foley, Alabama
 
---
25
---
   
Gonzales, Louisiana
 
---
39
---
   
Tilton, New Hampshire
 
---
18
---
 
Dispositions:
       
   
Boaz, Alabama
 
(1)
(80)
---
As of September 30, 2008
 
30
8,823
21

 
17

 

The following table summarizes certain information for our existing outlet centers in which we have an ownership interest as of September 30, 2008.  Except as noted, all properties are fee owned.

Location
Square
 
        %
Wholly Owned Properties
 Feet  
 
         Occupied
Riverhead, New York (1)
729,315
 
99
   
Rehoboth Beach, Delaware (1)
568,869
 
100
   
Foley, Alabama
557,185
 
94
   
San Marcos, Texas
442,006
 
99
   
Myrtle Beach Hwy 501, South Carolina
426,417
 
92
   
Sevierville, Tennessee (1)
419,038
 
100
   
Hilton Head, South Carolina
393,094
 
88
   
Washington, Pennsylvania(2)
370,526
 
86
   
Charleston, South Carolina
352,315
 
95
   
Commerce II, Georgia
347,025
 
98
   
Howell, Michigan
324,631
 
97
   
Branson, Missouri
302,992
 
100
   
Park City, Utah
300,891
 
98
   
Locust Grove, Georgia
293,868
 
100
   
Westbrook, Connecticut
291,051
 
99
   
Gonzales, Louisiana
282,403
 
100
   
Williamsburg, Iowa
277,230
 
100
   
Lincoln City, Oregon
270,280
 
100
   
Tuscola, Illinois
256,514
 
80
   
Lancaster, Pennsylvania
255,152
 
100
   
Tilton, New Hampshire
245,563
 
100
   
Fort Myers, Florida
198,950
 
92
   
Commerce I, Georgia
185,750
 
72
   
Terrell, Texas
177,800
 
100
   
Barstow, California
171,300
 
100
   
West Branch, Michigan
112,120
 
100
   
Blowing Rock, North Carolina
104,235
 
100
   
Nags Head, North Carolina
82,178
 
100
   
Kittery I, Maine
59,694
 
100
   
Kittery II, Maine
24,619
 
100
   
Totals
8,823,011
 
                                97(2)
 
           

Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
     
Myrtle Beach Hwy 17, South Carolina (1)
402,442
 
         100
Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin
264,929
 
          99

(1)  
These properties or a portion thereof are subject to a ground lease.
(2)  
Excludes the occupancy rate at our Washington, Pennsylvania outlet center which opened during the third quarter of 2008 and has not yet stabilized.



 
18

 


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2008 to the three months ended September 30, 2007

Base rentals increased $3.3 million, or 9%, in the 2008 period compared to the 2007 period.    Our base rental income increase was due mainly to increases in rental rates on lease renewals and incremental rents from re-tenanting vacant space.  In addition, since September 30, 2007 we have added approximately 169,000 square feet of expansion space at existing outlet centers.  During the 2008 period, we executed 33 leases totaling 133,000 square feet at an average increase of 30% in base rental rates.  This compares to our execution of 76 leases totaling 277,000 square feet at an average increase of 23% in base rental rates during the 2007 period.

Approximately $784,000 of the base rent increase was due to the opening of our outlet center in Washington, Pennsylvania during the 2008 period.  In addition, the amount of termination fees recognized in the 2008 period was approximately $430,000 higher when compared to the 2007 period from several tenants that terminated their lease prior to the expiration of its term.  Payments received from the early termination of leases are recognized as revenue from the time the payment is receivable until the tenant vacates the space.

The values assigned at the acquisition date to the above and below market leases are amortized and recorded as either an increase (in the case of below market leases) or a decrease (in the case of above market leases) to base rental income over the remaining term of the associated lease.  For the 2008 period, we recorded additional base rental income of approximately $135,000 for the net amortization of acquired lease values compared with approximately $277,000 of additional base rental income for the 2007 period.  If a tenant vacates its space prior to the contractual termination of the lease and no rental payments are being made on the lease, any unamortized balance of the related above or below market lease value will be written off and could materially impact our net income positively or negatively.  At September 30, 2008, the net liability representing the amount of unrecognized market lease values totaled approximately $688,000.

Percentage rentals, which represent revenues based on a percentage of tenants' sales volume above predetermined levels (the "breakpoint"), decreased $494,000 or 21% from the 2007 period to the 2008 period.  Sales were negatively impacted by the general weakness in the US economy, as well as severe weather and hurricanes during the 2008 period.  Also, two outlet centers have been undergoing major reconfiguration projects this year which has severely impacted tenant sales at these outlet centers.  Excluding these two centers, reported same-space sales per square foot for the rolling twelve months ended September 30, 2008 were $341 per square foot, as compared to $340 per square foot for the rolling twelve months ended September 30, 2007.  Same-space sales is defined as the weighted average sales per square foot reported in space open for the full duration of each comparison period.  In addition, a significant number of tenants that renewed their leases renewed at much higher base rental rates and, accordingly, had increases to their contractual breakpoint levels used in determining their percentage rentals.  This essentially transformed a variable rent component into a fixed rent component.

Expense reimbursements, which represent the contractual recovery from tenants of certain common area maintenance, insurance, property tax, promotional, advertising and management expenses, generally fluctuate consistently with the reimbursable property operating expenses to which they relate.  Expense reimbursements, expressed as a percentage of property operating expenses, were 88% and 87% in the 2008 and 2007 periods, respectively.

Property operating expenses increased $1.5 million, or 8%, in the 2008 period as compared to the 2007 period.  Our Washington, PA center that opened during the period accounted for $894,000 of the increase.  The remainder of the increase was due mainly to an increase in common area maintenance projects across the portfolio in the 2008 period and increases in payroll related costs.


 
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General and administrative expenses increased $1.3 million, or 26%, in the 2008 period as compared to the 2007 period.  As a percentage of total revenues, general and administrative expenses were 10% and 8% in the 2008 and 2007 periods, respectively.  The increase is primarily due to the amortization of share based compensation from restricted shares issued in February 2008.  In addition, the bonus accrual for the 2008 period is higher at this point in the year compared to the 2007 period based on an increase in the eligible average bonus percentage for executives.

Depreciation and amortization increased $379,000, or 3%, in the 2008 period compared to the 2007 period.   The Washington, PA outlet center, which opened and was placed in service during the 2008 period, accounted for approximately $356,000 of the increase.  In addition, the 2008 period includes incremental depreciation from expansion assets placed in service during the fourth quarter of 2007 at several existing outlet centers throughout the portfolio.  The 2007 period included the reconfiguration of our outlet center in Foley, Alabama.  As a part of that plan, approximately 40,000 square feet of gross leasable area was relocated within the property.  The depreciable useful lives of the buildings demolished were shortened to coincide with their demolition dates throughout the first three quarters of 2007 and thus the change in estimated useful life was accounted for as a change in accounting estimate.  Approximately 7,500 square feet was demolished during the third quarter of 2007 as scheduled.  Accelerated depreciation recognized on the buildings demolished during the third quarter of 2007 totaled $476,000, net of minority interest of approximately $93,000.  The effect on diluted earnings per share was a decrease of $.02 per share for the three months ended September 30, 2007.  

Interest expense decreased $940,000, or 9%, in the 2008 period compared to the 2007 period.  During June of 2008, we entered into a $235.0 million unsecured three year term loan facility.  The proceeds from this transaction were used to repay the $170.7 million secured mortgage and amounts outstanding under our unsecured lines of credit. Our unsecured lines of credit had been utilized in February 2008 to repay our $100.0 million, 9.125% unsecured senior notes.  The above transactions resulted in a lower weighted average borrowing rate on a comparable basis between the 2008 and 2007 periods, which more than offset the increase in average debt outstanding from our expansion and development activities.

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures increased due to increases in rental rates on lease renewals at Myrtle Beach Hwy 17 and lower interest rates at Wisconsin Dells related to its variable interest rate mortgage.

Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2008 to the nine months ended September 30, 2007

Base rentals increased $7.8 million, or 7%, in the 2008 period compared to the 2007 period.  Our base rental income increase was due mainly to increases in rental rates on lease renewals and incremental rents from re-tenanting vacant space.  In addition, since September 30, 2007 we have added approximately 169,000 square feet of expansion space at existing outlet centers.  During the 2008 period, we executed 351 leases totaling 1.5 million square feet at an average increase of 26% in base rental rates.  This compares to our execution of 414 leases totaling 1.7 million square feet at an average increase of 22% in base rental rates during the 2007 period.

Approximately $784,000 of the base rent increase was due to the opening of our outlet center in Washington, Pennsylvania during the 2008 period.  The amount of termination fees recognized in the 2008 period was $493,000 higher when compared to the 2007 period from several tenants that terminated their lease prior to the expiration of its term.  Payments received from the early termination of leases are recognized as revenue from the time the payment is receivable until the tenant vacates the space.

The values assigned at the acquisition date to the above and below market leases are amortized and recorded as either an increase (in the case of below market leases) or a decrease (in the case of above market leases) to base rental income over the remaining term of the associated lease.  For the 2008 period, we recorded additional base rental income of $228,000 for the net amortization of acquired lease values compared with $877,000 of additional base rental income for the 2007 period.  If a tenant vacates its space prior to the contractual termination of the lease and no rental payments are being made on the lease, any unamortized balance of the related above or below market lease value will be written off and could materially impact our net income positively or negatively.  During the 2008 period, two specific tenants vacated their space prior to the contractual termination of the leases causing us to record a reduction of base rental income associated with their above market leases of approximately $383,000.  At September 30, 2008, the net liability representing the amount of unrecognized market lease values totaled $688,000.

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Percentage rentals, which represent revenues based on a percentage of tenants' sales volume above predetermined levels (the "breakpoint"), decreased $1.3 million or 24%.  Sales were negatively impacted by the general weakness in the US economy, as well as severe weather and hurricanes during the 2008 period.  Also, two outlet centers have been undergoing major reconfiguration projects this year which has severely impacted tenant sales at these outlet centers.  Excluding these two centers, reported same-space sales per square foot for the rolling twelve months ended September 30, 2008 were $341 per square foot, as compared to $340 per square foot for the rolling twelve months ended September 30, 2007.  Same-space sales is defined as the weighted average sales per square foot reported in space open for the full duration of each comparison period. In addition, a significant number of tenants that renewed their leases renewed at much higher base rental rates and, accordingly, had increases to their contractual breakpoint levels used in determining their percentage rentals.  This essentially transformed a variable rent component into a fixed rent component.

Expense reimbursements, which represent the contractual recovery from tenants of certain common area maintenance, insurance, property tax, promotional, advertising and management expenses, generally fluctuate consistently with the reimbursable property operating expenses to which they relate.  Expense reimbursements, expressed as a percentage of property operating expenses, were 90% and 88% in the 2008 and 2007 periods, respectively.

Property operating expenses increased $3.5 million, or 7%, in the 2008 period as compared to the 2007 period.  Our Washington, PA center that opened during the period accounted for $894,000 of the increase.  The remainder of the increase was due mainly to an increase in common area maintenance projects across the portfolio in the 2008 period.  We experienced higher snow removal costs at several of our properties in 2008 versus 2007 and several high performing centers experienced significant property tax increases upon revaluation since September 30, 2007.  In addition, mall operation costs increased due to normal payroll related increases.

General and administrative expenses increased $3.1 million, or 22%, in the 2008 period as compared to the 2007 period.  As a percentage of total revenues, general and administrative expenses were 10% and 8% in the 2008 and 2007 periods, respectively.  The increase is primarily due to the amortization of share based compensation from restricted shares issued in late February 2008 and February 2007. In addition, the bonus accrual for the 2008 period is higher at this point in the year compared to the 2007 period based on an increase in the eligible average bonus percentage for executives.

Depreciation and amortization decreased $3.3 million, or 7%, in the 2008 period compared to the 2007 period.  During the first quarter of 2007, our Board of Directors formally approved a plan to reconfigure our center in Foley, Alabama.  As a part of this plan, approximately 40,000 square feet of gross leasable area was relocated within the property.  The depreciable useful lives of the buildings demolished were shortened to coincide with their demolition dates throughout the first three quarters of 2007 and thus the change in estimated useful life was accounted for as a change in accounting estimate.  Accelerated depreciation recognized on the buildings demolished during the first nine months of 2007 totaled $5.0 million, net of minority interest of approximately $977,000, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The effect on diluted earnings per share was a decrease of $.16 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  The expected decrease in expense from the 2007 period from the acceleration was partially offset by additional depreciation from expansion assets placed in service during the fourth quarter of 2007 at several existing outlet centers and from the Washington, PA outlet center, which opened during the 2008 period.

Interest expense decreased $2.0 million, or 7%, in the 2008 period compared to the 2007 period. During June of 2008 we entered into a $235.0 million unsecured three year term loan facility.  The proceeds from this transaction were used to repay a $170.7 million secured mortgage and amounts outstanding under our unsecured lines of credit. Our unsecured lines of credit had been utilized in February 2008 to repay our $100.0 million, 9.125% unsecured senior notes.  The above transactions resulted in a lower weighted average borrowing rate on a comparable basis between the 2008 and 2007 periods, which more than offset the increase in average debt outstanding from our expansion and development activities.


 
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During the second quarter of 2008, we settled two interest rate lock protection agreements which were intended to fix the US Treasury index at an average rate of 4.62% for an aggregate of $200 million of new debt for 10 years from July 2008.  We originally entered into these agreements in 2005 in anticipation of a public debt offering during 2008, based on the 10 year US Treasury rate.  Upon the closing of the LIBOR based unsecured term loan facility, we determined that we were unlikely to execute such a US Treasury based debt offering.  The settlement of the interest rate lock protection agreements, at a total cost of $8.9 million, was reflected as a loss on settlement of US treasury rate locks in our consolidated statements of operations.

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures increased due to increases in rental rates on lease renewals at Myrtle Beach Hwy 17 and lower interest rates at Wisconsin Dells related to its variable interest rate mortgage.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Operating Activities

Property rental income represents our primary source of net cash provided by operating activities.  Rental and occupancy rates are the primary factors that influence property rental income levels.  During the past years we have experienced a consistent overall portfolio occupancy level between 95% and 98% with strong base rental rate growth.  These factors have led to our growth in net cash provided by operating activities from $68.9 million to $72.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2008.

Investing Activities

During the 2008 period, we completed construction of our outlet center in Washington, PA near Pittsburgh and had several existing center reconfigurations and renovations underway.  These development activities have caused net cash used in investing activities to increase from $59.4 million to $107.5 million for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2007 and 2008, respectively.  In addition, we have a development project underway through an unconsolidated joint venture, Deer Park, to develop and own a Tanger Outlet center in Deer Park, New York.  Additional capital contributions of $1.6 million were made to the joint venture during the 2008 period by each venture partner.  Subsequently, the center’s grand opening was held on October 23, 2008.

Financing Activities

Long-term debt is our primary method of financing the projects mentioned in the investing activities section as we derive the majority of our operating cash flows from our operating leases over an average of five years.  During 2008, we were successful in closing a $235.0 million, three year, unsecured term loan facility.  We also extended and increased our unsecured lines of credit with several major financial institutions.  We now have a borrowing capacity under our unsecured lines of credit of $325.0 million.  We repaid $100.0 million of 9.125% senior unsecured bonds and a $170.7 million mortgage loan during the first nine months of 2008.  The combination of these transactions enabled us to provide $36.7 million of net cash from financing activities in the 2008 period compared to using $15.6 million in the 2007 period.  In light of the current financial market environment, we consider the completion of these transactions as an example of our ability to access the capital markets.  See “Financing Arrangements” for further discussion of the above transactions.

 
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Current Developments and Dispositions

We intend to continue to grow our portfolio by developing, expanding or acquiring additional outlet centers.  In the section below, we describe the new developments that are either currently planned, underway or recently completed.  However, you should note that any developments or expansions that we, or a joint venture that we are involved in, have planned or anticipated may not be started or completed as scheduled, or may not result in accretive net income or funds from operations.  In addition, we regularly evaluate acquisition or disposition proposals and engage from time to time in negotiations for acquisitions or dispositions of properties.  We may also enter into letters of intent for the purchase or sale of properties.  Any prospective acquisition or disposition that is being evaluated or which is subject to a letter of intent may not be consummated, or if consummated, may not result in an increase in net income or funds from operations.

WHOLLY OWNED CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS

Washington, Pennsylvania

On August 29, 2008, we held the grand opening of our 371,000 square foot outlet center located south of Pittsburgh in Washington, Pennsylvania.  Tenants include Nike, Gap, Old Navy, Banana Republic, Coach and others. The outlet center opened 86% leased.

Based upon the tremendous response by customers at this center’s grand opening events, we feel confident tenant interest in the remaining available space will remain high and additional signed leases will be completed during the first year stabilization period.

Expansions at Existing Centers

During the second quarter of 2008, we completed a 62,000 square foot expansion at our center located in Barstow, California.  As of September 30, 2008, the center contained a total of approximately 171,000 square feet, including the newly opened expansion space.  The outlet center is 100% occupied.

Commitments to complete construction of the Washington, PA development, along with renovations at centers in Myrtle Beach Hwy 501, South Carolina; Lincoln City, Oregon; Park City, Utah and Foley, Alabama and other capital expenditure requirements amounted to approximately $11.4 million at September 30, 2008.  Commitments for construction represent only those costs contractually required to be paid by us.

Potential Future Developments

We currently have an option for a new development site located in Mebane, North Carolina on the highly traveled Interstate 40/85 corridor, which sees over 83,000 cars daily.  The site is located halfway between the Research Triangle Park area of Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill, and the Triad area of Greensboro, High Point and Winston-Salem.  During the option period we will be analyzing the viability of the site and determining whether to proceed with the development of a center at this location.

During the first quarter of 2008, we announced our plans to build an upscale outlet shopping center in Irving, Texas, our third in the state.  The new Tanger outlet center will be strategically located west of Dallas at the North West quadrant of busy State Highway 114 and Loop 12 and will be the first major project planned for the Texas Stadium Redevelopment Area.  The site is also adjacent to the upcoming DART light rail line (and station stop) connecting downtown Dallas to the Las Colinas Urban Center, the Irving Convention Center and the Dallas/Fort Worth Airport.  We recently entered into a purchase and sale agreement with the University of Dallas for the center's 50 acre site.

At this time, we are in the initial study period on these potential new locations.  As such, there can be no assurance that these sites will ultimately be developed.

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In October 2008, we made the decision to terminate our purchase options with respect to our potential new developments in Port St. Lucie, Florida and Phoenix, Arizona.  As a result, we will write-off approximately $1.8 million of predevelopment costs related to these projects during the fourth quarter of 2008.  The write-off will be included in property operating expenses on the consolidated statement of operations in the fourth quarter of 2008.

UNCONSOLIDATED JOINT VENTURES

The following table details certain information as of September 30, 2008 about various unconsolidated real estate joint ventures in which we have an ownership interest:

 
 
Joint Venture
 
 
Center Location
 
Opening
Date
 
Ownership
%
 
Square
Feet
Carrying Value of
Investment
(in millions)
Total Joint
 Venture Debt
(in millions)
 
Myrtle Beach Hwy 17
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
 
2002
 
50%
 
402,442
 
$0.3
 
$35.8
             
 
Wisconsin Dells
Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin
 
2006
 
50%
 
264,929
 
$5.4
 
$25.3
             
 
Deer Park
Deer Park, Long Island NY
2008
 
33%
682,000
 
$6.4
 
$198.7
             
We may issue guarantees on the debt of a joint venture primarily because it allows the joint venture to obtain funding at a lower cost than could be obtained otherwise.  This results in a higher return for the joint venture on its investment and in a higher return on our investment in the joint venture.  We have joint and several guarantees for a portion of the debt outstanding for Wisconsin Dells and Deer Park as of September 30, 2008.

As is typical in real estate joint ventures, each of the above ventures contains provisions where a venture partner can trigger certain provisions and force the other partners to either buy or sell their investment in the joint venture.  Should this occur, we may be required to incur a significant cash outflow in order to maintain an ownership position in these outlet centers.

Deer Park

In October 2003, we established the Deer Park joint venture to develop and own a center in Deer Park, New York. On October 23, 2008, we held the grand opening of the initial phase that contains approximately 682,000 square feet including a 32,000 square foot Neiman Marcus Last Call store, which will be the first and only one on Long Island. Other tenants include Anne Klein, Banana Republic, BCBG, Christmas Tree Shops, Eddie Bauer, Reebok, New York Sports Club and others.  Regal Cinemas has also leased 67,000 square feet for a 16-screen Cineplex, one of the few state of the art cineplexes on Long Island.  The retail space at the center opened 77% leased.  Upon completion of the project, the entire shopping center will contain over 800,000 square feet.

During 2008, we made additional capital contributions of $1.6 million to Deer Park. Both of the other venture partners made equity contributions equal to ours.  After making the above contribution, the total amount of equity contributed by each venture partner to the project was approximately $4.8 million.

In May 2007, the joint venture closed on a $284.0 million construction loan for the project with a weighted average interest rate of one month LIBOR plus 1.49%.  Over the life of the loan, if certain criteria are met, the weighted average interest rate can decrease to one month LIBOR plus 1.23%.  The construction loan, which had a balance as of September 30, 2008 of $196.4 million, is scheduled to mature in May 2010 with a one year extension option at that date. The loan is collateralized by the property as well as limited joint and several guarantees by all three venture partners.  The joint venture entered into two interest rate swap agreements during June 2007.  The first swap is for a notional amount of $49.0 million and the second is a forward starting interest rate swap agreement with escalating notional amounts that totaled $82.4 million as of September 30, 2008.  The notional amount of the forward starting interest rate swap agreement will total $121.0 million as of November 1, 2008.  The agreements expire on June 1, 2009.  These swaps will effectively change the rate of interest on up to $170.0 million of variable rate construction debt to a fixed rate of 6.75%.

 
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Financing Arrangements

During the second quarter of 2008, we closed on a $235.0 million unsecured three year term loan facility.  The syndicated facility was jointly arranged by Banc of America Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., with Bank of America, N.A. serving as Administrative Agent and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. serving as Syndication Agent.  The facility bears interest at a spread over LIBOR of 160 basis points, with the spread adjusting over time, based upon our debt ratings.  We currently maintain investment grade ratings with Moody's Investors Service (Baa3 stable) and Standard and Poor's Ratings Services (BBB).

Proceeds from the term loan were used to repay our only remaining mortgage loan with a principal balance of approximately $170.7 million in June 2008.  A prepayment premium, representing interest through the July payment date, of approximately $406,000 was paid at closing.  Upon the repayment of this mortgage, our entire portfolio of wholly-owned properties became unencumbered.  The remaining proceeds of approximately $62.8 million, net of closing costs, were applied against amounts outstanding on our unsecured lines of credit and to settle the interest rate lock protection agreements discussed in Note 7, Derivatives.

In July 2008 and September 2008, we entered into interest rate swap agreements with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Branch Banking and Trust Company for notional amounts of $118.0 million and $117.0 million respectively.  The purpose of these swaps was to fix the interest rate on the $235.0 million outstanding under the term loan facility completed in June 2008.  The swaps fixed the one month LIBOR rate at 3.605% and 3.70%, respectively.  These swap agreements, when combined with the current spread of 160 basis points on the term loan facility, fixes our interest rate on the $235.0 million of variable rate debt at 5.25% until April 1, 2011.

On February 15, 2008, our $100.0 million, 9.125% unsecured senior notes matured.  We repaid these notes with amounts available under our unsecured lines of credit.  

During the first quarter of 2008, we increased the maximum availability under our existing unsecured lines of credit by $125.0 million, bringing our total availability to $325.0 million.  The terms of the increases are identical to those included within the existing unsecured lines of credit with the current borrowing rate ranging from LIBOR plus 75 basis points to LIBOR plus 85 basis points.  Five of our six lines of credit, representing $300.0 million, have maturity dates of June 2011 or later.  One line of credit, representing $25.0 million and for which no amounts were outstanding on September 30, 2008, expires in June 2009.

At September 30, 2008, 100% of our outstanding long-term debt represented unsecured borrowings and 100% of the gross book value of our real estate portfolio was unencumbered.  The average interest rate, including loan cost amortization, on average debt outstanding was 5.1% and 6.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and 5.4% and 6.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

We intend to retain the ability to raise additional capital, including public debt or equity, to pursue attractive investment opportunities that may arise and to otherwise act in a manner that we believe to be in our shareholders’ best interests.  We believe that we are currently in a strong financial position to execute our operating and growth strategies despite the present turmoil within the financial and capital markets.  Approximately 81% of our debt is now at fixed rates, our wholly-owned portfolio of properties is 100% unencumbered, and we have no debt maturities until 2011.  We are a well known seasoned issuer with a shelf registration that allows us to register unspecified amounts of different classes of securities on Form S-3.  To generate capital to reinvest into other attractive investment opportunities, we may also consider the use of additional operational and developmental joint ventures, the sale or lease of outparcels on our existing properties and the sale of certain properties that do not meet our long-term investment criteria.  Based on cash provided by operations, existing credit facilities, ongoing negotiations with certain financial institutions and our ability to sell debt or equity subject to market conditions, we believe that we have access to the necessary financing to fund the planned capital expenditures during 2008 and 2009.


 
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We anticipate that adequate cash will be available to fund our operating and administrative expenses, regular debt service obligations, and the payment of dividends in accordance with Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) requirements in both the short and long term.  Although we receive most of our rental payments on a monthly basis, distributions to shareholders are made quarterly and interest payments on the senior, unsecured notes are made semi-annually.  Amounts accumulated for such payments will be used in the interim to reduce the outstanding borrowings under the existing lines of credit or invested in short-term money market or other suitable instruments.

On October 10, 2008, our Board of Directors declared a $.38 cash dividend per common share payable on November 14, 2008 to each shareholder of record on October 31, 2008, and caused a $.76 per Operating Partnership unit cash distribution to be paid to the Operating Partnership's minority interest.  The Board of Directors also declared a $.46875 cash dividend per 7.5% Class C Cumulative Preferred Share payable on November 14, 2008 to holders of record on October 31, 2008.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We are a party to a joint and several guarantee with respect to the $25.3 million construction loan obtained by the Wisconsin Dells joint venture during the first quarter of 2006.  We are also a party to a joint and several guarantee with respect to the loan obtained by Deer Park which as of September 30, 2008 had a balance of $198.7 million.  See “Joint Ventures” section above for further discussion of off-balance sheet arrangements and their related guarantees.  Our pro-rata portion of the Myrtle Beach Hwy 17 joint venture mortgage collateralized by the outlet center is $17.9 million. No guarantee is required by us related to the Myrtle Beach Hwy 17 mortgage.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Refer to our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of our critical accounting policies which include principles of consolidation, acquisition of real estate, cost capitalization, impairment of long-lived assets and revenue recognition.  There have been no material changes to these policies in 2008.

Related Party Transactions

As noted above in “Unconsolidated Joint Ventures”, we are 50% owners of the Myrtle Beach Hwy 17 and Wisconsin Dells joint ventures and a 33% owner of the Deer Park joint venture.  These joint ventures pay us management, leasing, marketing and development fees, which we believe approximate current market rates, for such services.  The following management, leasing and marketing fees were recognized from services provided to Myrtle Beach Hwy 17, Wisconsin Dells and Deer Park (in thousands):

   
                             Three Months Ended
                               Nine Months Ended
   
                             September 30,
                                   September 30,
   
2008
2007
2008
 2007
Fee:
         
 
Management and leasing
$   405
 $   137
$   898
$   416
 
Marketing
 
28
25
93
82
Total Fees
 
$   433
$   162
$   991
$   498

Tanger Family Limited Partnership is a related party which holds a limited partnership interest in and is the minority owner of the Operating Partnership.  Stanley K. Tanger, the Company’s Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, is its sole general partner.  The only material related party transaction with the Tanger Family Limited Partnership is the payment of quarterly distributions of earnings which were $6.8 million and $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.


 
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New Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007) “Business Combinations”, or FAS 141R.  FAS 141R is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008, which means that we will adopt FAS 141R on January 1, 2009.  FAS 141R replaces FAS 141 “Business Combinations” and requires that the acquisition method of accounting (which FAS 141 called the purchase method) be used for all business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009, as well as for an acquirer to be identified for each business combination.  FAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer: (i) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree; (ii) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and (iii) determines what information to disclose to enable users of financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial affects of the business combination.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of FAS 141R on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160 “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51”, or FAS 160.  FAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008, which means that we will adopt FAS 160 on January 1, 2009.  This statement amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary.  FAS 160 changes accounting and reporting for minority interests, which will be recharacterized as non-controlling interests and classified as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements.  FAS 160 requires retroactive adoption of the presentation and disclosure requirements for existing minority interests.  All other requirements of FAS 160 shall be applied prospectively.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of FAS 160 on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133”, or FAS 161.  FAS 161 requires entities that utilize derivative instruments to provide qualitative disclosures about their objectives and strategies for using such instruments, as well as any details of credit-risk-related contingent features contained within derivatives.  FAS 161 also requires entities to disclose additional information about the amounts and location of derivatives located within the financial statements, how the provisions of FAS 133 has been applied, and the impact that hedges have on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.  FAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged.  We currently provide many of the disclosures required by FAS 161 in our financial statements and therefore, we believe that upon adoption the only impact on our financial statements will be further enhancement of our disclosures.
 
In April 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets”, or FSP 142-3.  FSP 142-3 amends the factors to be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of an identified intangible asset under FASB Statement No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, and requires expanded disclosure related to the determination of intangible asset useful lives.  FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting FSP 142-3.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of FSP 142-3 on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In May 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. APB 14-1,”Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments that May be Settled in Cash Upon Conversion”, FSP APB 14-1.  FSP APB 14-1 requires that the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects an issuer's nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. Under FSP APB 14-1 the value assigned to the debt component must be the estimated fair value of a similar nonconvertible debt.  FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early adoption is not permitted. Retrospective application to all periods presented is required except for instruments that were not outstanding during any of the periods that will be presented in the annual financial statements for the period of adoption but were outstanding during an earlier period. The resulting debt discount is amortized over the period during which the debt is expected to be outstanding (i.e., through the first optional redemption date) as additional non-cash interest expense.  The adoption of FSP APB 14-1 in the first quarter of 2009 will result in approximately $.06 to $.08 per share (net of incremental capitalized interest) of additional non-cash interest expense for the year ended 2008 related to our $149.5 million in convertible debt which was issued during the third quarter of 2006.


 
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Funds From Operations

Funds from Operations, or FFO, represents income before extraordinary items and gains (losses) on sale or disposal of depreciable operating properties, plus depreciation and amortization uniquely significant to real estate and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures.

FFO is intended to exclude historical cost depreciation of real estate as required by Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or GAAP, which assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes ratably over time.  Historically, however, real estate values have risen or fallen with market conditions.  Because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization unique to real estate, gains and losses from property dispositions and extraordinary items, it provides a performance measure that, when compared year over year, reflects the impact to operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, development activities and interest costs, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income.

We present FFO because we consider it an important supplemental measure of our operating performance and believe it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITs, many of which present FFO when reporting their results.  FFO is widely used by us and others in our industry to evaluate and price potential acquisition candidates.  The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc., of which we are a member, has encouraged its member companies to report their FFO as a supplemental, industry-wide standard measure of REIT operating performance.  In addition, a percentage of bonus compensation to certain members of management is based on our FFO performance.

FFO has significant limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.  Some of these limitations are:

§  
FFO does not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements, for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;
§  
FFO does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
§  
Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and FFO does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements;
§  
FFO, which includes discontinued operations, may not be indicative of our ongoing operations; and
§  
Other companies in our industry may calculate FFO differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

Because of these limitations, FFO should not be considered as a measure of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business or our dividend paying capacity.  We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using FFO only supplementally.


 
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Below is a reconciliation of net income to FFO for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 as well as other data for those respective periods (in thousands):
         
   
               Three months ended
 
                   Nine months ended
   
                  September 30,
 
                    September 30,
   
                2008
 
                  2007
 
            2008
 
                   2007
FUNDS FROM OPERATIONS
                                 
 
Net income
 
$
10,278
   
$
8,397
   
$
18,527
   
$
18,103
   
 
Adjusted for:
                                 
 
Minority interest in operating partnership
   
1,729
     
1,370
     
2,794
     
2,716
   
 
Minority interest, depreciation and amortization
                                 
 
attributable to discontinued operations
   
---
     
52
     
---
     
160
   
 
Depreciation and amortization uniquely significant to
                                 
 
real estate – consolidated
   
15,219
     
14,865
     
45,335
     
48,641
   
 
Depreciation and amortization uniquely significant to
                                 
 
real estate – unconsolidated joint ventures
   
635
     
651
     
1,938
     
1,985
   
Funds from operations (FFO)
   
27,861
     
25,335
     
68,594
     
71,605
   
 
Preferred share dividends
   
(1,406
)
   
(1,406
)
   
(4,219
)
   
(4,219
)
 
Funds from operations available to common
                                 
 
shareholders and minority interests
 
$
26,455
   
$
23,929
   
$
64,375
   
$
67,386
   
Weighted average shares outstanding (1)
   
37,938
     
37,467
     
37,900
     
37,468
   
(1)  
Includes the dilutive effect of options, restricted share awards and exchangeable notes and assumes the partnership units of the Operating Partnership held by the minority interest are converted to common shares of the Company.

Economic Conditions and Outlook

The majority of our leases contain provisions designed to mitigate the impact of inflation. Such provisions include clauses for the escalation of base rent and clauses enabling us to receive percentage rentals based on tenants' gross sales (above predetermined levels, which we believe often are lower than traditional retail industry standards) that generally increase as prices rise.   Most of the leases require the tenant to pay their share of property operating expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes, insurance and advertising and promotion, thereby reducing exposure to increases in costs and operating expenses resulting from inflation.

While factory outlet stores continue to be a profitable and fundamental distribution channel for brand name manufacturers, some retail formats are more successful than others.  As typical in the retail industry, certain tenants have closed, or will close certain stores by terminating their lease prior to its natural expiration or as a result of filing for protection under bankruptcy laws.

During 2008, we have approximately 1,350,000 square feet, or 16% of our wholly-owned portfolio, coming up for renewal.  If we were unable to successfully renew or re-lease a significant amount of this space on favorable economic terms, the loss in rent could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

As of September 30, 2008, we had renewed approximately 1,040,000 square feet, or 77% of the square feet scheduled to expire in 2008.  The existing tenants have renewed at an average base rental rate approximately 18% higher than the expiring rate.  We also re-tenanted approximately 481,000 square feet of vacant space during the first nine months of 2008 at a 44% increase in the average base rental rate from that which was previously charged.  Our factory outlet centers typically include well-known, national, brand name companies.  By maintaining a broad base of creditworthy tenants and a geographically diverse portfolio of properties located across the United States, we reduce our operating and leasing risks.  No one tenant (including affiliates) accounted for more than 6% of our combined base and percentage rental revenues for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2008.

 
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However, in the first quarter of 2008, thirty-eight stores were vacated that were occupied by six tenants, representing a gross leasable area of approximately 236,000 square feet.  Sales for these tenants averaged only $165 per square foot, with an average base rental rate of $16 per square foot.  Approximately 51% of this space has now been released at base rental rates averaging 61% higher than the average rent being paid by the previous tenants.  Our goal is to have most of the remaining space released by the middle of 2009.

We also have three tenants that announced plans to close stores throughout their outlet portfolios for various reasons.  Within our portfolio, this represents thirty-two stores containing approximately 93,000 square feet of the gross leasable area.  These stores represent some of the least productive stores in our portfolio, with average sales of approximately $197 per square foot and average base rental rates of approximately $18 per square foot.  While some stores have closed, the majority of these store closings will occur during the fourth quarter of 2008 and the beginning of 2009, giving us time to work on re-tenanting this space with higher volume tenants.  We do not expect any material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition as a result of leases to be renewed or stores to be re-leased.

As of September 30, 2008 and 2007, our centers were 97% occupied.  Consistent with our long-term strategy of re-merchandising centers, we will continue to hold space off the market until an appropriate tenant is identified.  While we believe this strategy will add value to our centers in the long-term, it may reduce our average occupancy rates in the near term.

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market Risk

We are exposed to various market risks, including changes in interest rates.  Market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates.  We may periodically enter into certain interest rate protection and interest rate swap agreements to effectively convert floating rate debt to a fixed rate basis and to hedge anticipated future financings.  We do not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

In July 2008 and September 2008, we entered into LIBOR based interest rate swap agreements with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Branch Banking and Trust Company for notional amounts of $118.0 million and $117.0 million, respectively.  The purpose of these swaps was to fix the interest rate on the $235.0 million outstanding under the term loan facility completed in June 2008.  The swaps fixed the one month LIBOR rate at 3.605% and 3.70%, respectively.  These swap agreements, when combined with the current spread of 160 basis points on the term loan facility, fixes our interest rate on the $235.0 million of variable rate debt at 5.25% until April 1, 2011. The fair value of the interest rate swap agreements represents the estimated receipts or payments that would be made to terminate the agreement.  At September 30, 2008, the amount of funds we would have to pay to settle these contracts was $1.3 million.  If the one month LIBOR rate decreased 1% and we were to terminate the agreements, we would have to pay $7.0 million to do so.  The fair value is based on dealer quotes, considering current interest rates and remaining term to maturity.

As of September 30, 2008, 19% of our outstanding debt had variable interest rates that were not covered by an interest rate derivative agreement and was therefore subject to market fluctuations.  A change in the LIBOR rate of 100 basis points would result in an increase or decrease of approximately $1.5 million in interest expense on an annual basis.  The information presented herein is merely an estimate and has limited predictive value.  As a result, the ultimate effect upon our operating results of interest rate fluctuations will depend on the interest rate exposures that arise during the period, our hedging strategies at that time and future changes in the level of interest rates.

 
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The fair market value of long-term fixed interest rate debt is subject to market risk.  Generally, the fair market value of fixed interest rate debt will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise.  The estimated fair value of our total long-term debt at September 30, 2008 was $779.3 million and its recorded value was $783.3 million.  A 1% increase or decrease from prevailing interest rates at September 30, 2008 would result in a corresponding decrease or increase in fair value of total long-term debt by approximately $35.0 million.  Fair values were determined from quoted market prices, where available, using current interest rates considering credit ratings and the remaining terms to maturity.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

Based on the most recent evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) were effective as of September 30, 2008. There were no changes to the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2008, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Neither the Company nor the Operating Partnership is presently involved in any material litigation nor, to their knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against the Company or the Operating Partnership or its properties, other than routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business and which is expected to be covered by liability insurance.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

At September 30, 2008, we updated the risk factors in our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K as described below related to the national and world-wide financial situation:

We are subject to the risks associated with debt financing.

We are subject to the risks associated with debt financing, including the risk that the cash provided by our operating activities will be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest.  If the national and world-wide financial crisis continues, potential disruptions in the capital and credit markets may adversely affect our operations, including the ability to fund the planned capital expenditures and potential new developments or acquisitions.  Further, there is the risk that we will not be able to repay or refinance existing indebtedness or that the terms of any refinancing will not be as favorable as the terms of existing indebtedness. If we are unable to access capital markets to refinance our indebtedness on acceptable terms, we might be forced to dispose of properties on disadvantageous terms, which might result in losses.



 
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Item 6.  Exhibits

3.1(f)
Articles of Amendment to Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to the exhibits of the Company’s current report on Form 8-K dated August 27, 2008).
   
10.8
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement for Lisa J. Morrison effective as of January 1, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to the exhibits of the Company’s current report on Form 8-K dated May 5, 2008).
   
10.9
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement for Joseph H. Nehmen effective as of January 1, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to the exhibits of the Company’s current report on Form 8-K dated May 5, 2008).
   
10.21
Term loan credit agreement dated June 10, 2008 between Tanger Properties Limited Partnership and Banc of America Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. with Bank of America, N.A. serving as Administrative Agent and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. serving as Syndication Agent (Incorporated by reference to the exhibits of the Company’s current report on Form 8-K dated June 11, 2008).
   
31.1
Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002.
   
31.2
Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002.
   
32.1
Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002.
   
32.2
Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002.

SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


TANGER FACTORY OUTLET CENTERS, INC.

By:     /s/ Frank C. Marchisello, Jr.
Frank C. Marchisello, Jr.
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Secretary


DATE: November 7, 2008

 
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Exhibit Index


Exhibit No.                                           Description
__________________________________________________________________________________


  3.1(f)
Articles of Amendment to Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to the exhibits of the Company’s current report on Form 8-K dated August 27, 2008).

  10.8
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement for Lisa J. Morrison effective as of January 1, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to the exhibits of the Company’s Current report on Form 8-K dated May 5, 2008).

  10.9
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement for Joseph H. Nehmen effective as of January 1, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to the exhibits of the Company’s Current report on Form 8-K dated May 5, 2008).

  10.21 
Term loan credit agreement dated June 10, 2008 between Tanger Properties Limited Partnership and Banc of America Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. with Bank of America, N.A. serving as Administrative Agent and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. serving as Syndication Agent (Incorporated by reference to the exhibits of the Company’s Current report on Form 8-K dated June 11, 2008).

  31.1
 Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002.

  31.2  
Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002.

  32.1  
Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002.

  32.2  
Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002.

 

33