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•	Wearable neurostimulation therapeutic devices

•	Point-of-care neuropathy diagnostic tests

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Quell is an advanced, wearable technology for treating chronic pain. It can be worn during the day while active and at night while sleeping. Quell is drug-free and has been cleared by the FDA for treatment of chronic pain without a prescription. Quell has been shown in multiple clinical studies to relieve chronic pain and, in a published study, 4 out of 5 users reported improvement in chronic pain. Quell users can personalize and manage therapy discreetly via the Quell app. Quell also offers health tracking relevant to chronic pain sufferers including pain, sleep, activity, and gait. Quell users can synchronize their data with the Quell Health Cloud™, which provides customized feedback and powers one of the world’s largest chronic pain databases.

•	User experience - launched Quell 2.0 with improved usability

•	User engagement - implemented focused, continuing user outreach to improve aftermarket sales

•	Distribution - restructured channels to emphasize e-commerce, minimize higher cost retail and home shopping

•	Cost of goods - launched Quell 2.0 incorporating a design for manufacturing efficiency

•	Pricing - launched Quell 2.0 at higher price and with bundling, subscription option for consumables

•	DPNCheck is a fast, accurate, quantitative diagnostic test for peripheral neuropathies, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

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Quell Innovation.  Quell utilizes our proprietary wearable nerve stimulation technology to provide relief from chronic pain which can encompass lower back problems, fibromyalgia, arthritis, painful diabetic neuropathy and others. Quell is unique among OTC neurostimulation products in its clinical indications, technology, personalization and digital health features. While our R&D efforts to date have provided us first-to-market advantage, we anticipate that success will attract competition and that we must continually innovate to maintain a leadership position. Starting in 2019 our Quell development efforts will be overseen by a joint steering committee of NeuroMetrix and GSK representatives and will be co-funded by both NeuroMetrix and GSK. Also, we intend to continually strengthen our intellectual property position with the development of additional know-how and a growing body of patent applications.

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•	Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) Improvement.  We have identified specific opportunities to reduce Quell COGS, with both near-term and longer-term initiatives underway. Lower COGS would improve gross margins and product profitability. The COGS initiatives involve R&D support as well as investment in engineering design and equipment.

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Support for DPNCheck.  DPNCheck, our quantitative nerve conduction test for peripheral neuropathies including DPN, has experienced growing demand in the Medicare Advantage market in the United States, in Japan and in Mexico. DPNCheck has regulatory clearance in China and is in the early stages of building the market. The characteristics of new markets often require device modification for local acceptance which, in turn, involves our R&D team.

•	Support clinical studies for our wearable technology.  Quell is an FDA-cleared Class 2 medical device. We plan to continue to build the body of evidence from clinical studies that is foundational to Quell credibility among health care professionals and supports our marketing efforts.

•	At the American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting a poster entitled “Pilot Study of Sleep/Wake Classification by Leg-Worn Actigraphy” reported an accuracy study of the sleep monitoring technology in the Quell device by comparing it to the accuracy of gold standard polysomnography. The study was conducted in collaboration with researchers at the Massachusetts General Hospital.

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At the American Academy of Pain Medicine Annual Meeting, a poster entitled “Levels and Predictors of Activity in Users of Wearable Neurostimulators with Chronic Pain” explored activity levels in Quell users and associated health. A second poster entitled “Does Fixed-Site High-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Provide Analgesia Beyond Application Site?” addressed the widespread analgesic effect of Quell neurostimulation.

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At the PAINWeek National Conference a poster entitled “Effectiveness of Fixed-Site High-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation among Individuals with Chronic Pain and Abnormal Sleep” addressed statistically and clinically significant improvement in all pain outcomes in study participants using the Quell device’s objective sleep tracking. In addition, Quell effectiveness was found to be generally independent of baseline sleep characteristics. A second poster entitled “Real-Word Effectiveness of Fixed-Site High-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve

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•	Class I, the lowest risk products, which require compliance with medical device general controls, including labeling, establishment registration, device product listing, adverse event reporting and, for some products, adherence to good manufacturing practices through the FDA’s quality system regulations;

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Class II, comprising moderate-risk devices, which also require compliance with general controls and in some cases, so-called special controls that may include performance standards, particular labeling requirements, or post-market surveillance obligations; typically a Class II device also requires pre-market review and clearance by FDA of a pre-market notification (also referred to as a “510(k) application”) as well as adherence to the quality system regulations/good manufacturing practices for devices; and

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Class III, high-risk devices that are often implantable or life-sustaining, which also require compliance with the medical device general controls and quality system regulations, but which generally must be approved by FDA before entering the market, through a more lengthy pre-market approval (PMA) application. Approved PMAs can include post-approval conditions and post-market surveillance requirements, analogous to some of the special controls that may be imposed on Class II devices.

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•	the FDA’s QSR, which requires manufacturers, including third-party manufacturers, to follow stringent design, testing, control, documentation and other good manufacturing practice and quality assurance procedures during all aspects of the manufacturing process (unless a device category is exempt from this requirement by the FDA, such as in the case of many Class I devices);

•	labeling regulations and FDA prohibitions against the promotion of products for uncleared or unapproved uses (known as off-label uses), as well as requirements to provide adequate information on both risks and benefits;

•	medical device reporting regulations, which require that manufacturers report to FDA any event that the company learns of in which a device may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or malfunctioned in a way that would likely cause or contribute to a death or serious injury if the malfunction were to recur;

•	correction and removal reporting regulations, which require that manufacturers report to the FDA field corrections and device recalls or removals if undertaken to reduce a risk to health posed by the device or to remedy a violation of the FDCA caused by the device that may present a risk to health;

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post-market surveillance regulations, which apply to Class II or III devices if the FDA has issued a post-market surveillance order and the failure of the device would be reasonably likely to have serious adverse health consequences, the device is expected to have significant use in the pediatric population, the device is intended to be implanted in the human body for more than one year, or the device is intended to be used to support or sustain life and to be used outside a user facility;

•	regular and for-cause inspections by FDA to review a manufacturer’s facility and its compliance with applicable FDA requirements; and

•	the FDA’s recall authority, whereby it can ask, or order, device manufacturers to recall from the market a product that is in violation of applicable laws and regulations.

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•	inability to efficiently create market demand for Quell at profitable pricing levels through our TV and digital marketing efforts;

•	manufacturing issues with Quell or our other products;

•	inability to increase adoption of DPNCheck within the Medicare Advantage market and Outside the United States (OUS) markets;

•	regulatory inquiries or issues affecting our products;

•	unfavorable changes to current Medicare, Medicare Advantage and commercial payer payment policies;

•	changes to payor policies under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act;

•	unfavorable experiences by patients and physicians using Quell and our other products; and,

•	physicians’ or patients' reluctance to alter their existing practices and adopt the use of our devices.

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•	warning letters, untitled letters, fines, injunctions, product seizures, consent decrees and civil penalties;

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•	requiring repair, replacement, refunds, customer notifications or recall of our products;

•	imposing operating restrictions, suspension or shutdown of production;

•	refusing our requests for 510(k) clearance or PMA approval of new products, new intended uses, or modifications to existing products;

•	requesting voluntary rescission of 510(k) clearances or withdrawing PMA approvals that have already been granted; and

•	criminal prosecution.

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•	lower than expected manufacturing yields of high cost components leading to increased manufacturing costs;

•	shortages of electric components resulting in higher prices or an inability to supply key parts;

•	low production volume which will result in high levels of overhead cost per unit of production;

•	the timing of revenue recognition and revenue deferrals;

•	increased material or labor costs;

•	increased service or warranty costs or the failure to reduce service or warranty costs;

•	increased price competition;

•	variation in the margins across products in a particular period; and

•	how well we execute on our strategic and operating plans.

•	the pending patent applications we have filed or to which we have exclusive rights may not result in issued patents or may take longer than we expect to result in issued patents;

•	the claims of any patents that are issued may not provide meaningful protection;

•	we may not be able to develop additional proprietary technologies that are patentable;

•	other parties may challenge patents, patent claims or patent applications licensed or issued to us; and

•	other companies may design around technologies we have patented, licensed or developed.

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•	the agreements may be breached or not enforced in a particular jurisdiction;

•	we may have inadequate remedies for any breach;

•	trade secrets and other proprietary information could be disclosed to our competitors; or

•	others may independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets or disclose such technologies.

•	assert claims of infringement;

•	enforce our patents;

•	protect our trade secrets or know-how; or

•	determine the enforceability, scope and validity of the proprietary rights of others.

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•	loss of customer orders and delay in order fulfillment;

•	damage to our brand reputation;

•	increased cost of our warranty program due to product repair or replacement;

•	inability to attract new customers;

•	diversion of resources from our manufacturing and research and development departments into our service department; and

•	legal action.

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•	properly identify customer needs;

•	prove feasibility of new products in a timely manner;

•	educate physicians about the use of new products and procedures;

•	comply with internal quality assurance systems and processes timely and efficiently;

•	comply with regulatory requirements relating to our products, and limit the timing and cost of obtaining required regulatory approvals or clearances;

•	accurately predict and control costs associated with inventory overruns caused by phase-in of new products and phase-out of old products;

•	price new products competitively;

•	manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volumes on time, and accurately predict and control costs associated with manufacture of the products; and

•	meet our product development plan and launch timelines.

•	greater resources for product development, sales and marketing;

•	more established distribution networks;

•	greater name recognition;

•	more established relationships with health care professionals, customers and third-party payers; and

•	additional lines of products and the ability to offer rebates or bundle products to offer discounts or incentives.

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•	failure to fulfill foreign regulatory requirements, if applicable, to market our products;

•	availability of, and changes in, reimbursement within prevailing foreign health care payment systems;

•	adapting to the differing business practices and laws in foreign countries;

•	difficulties in managing foreign relationships and operations, including any relationships that we establish with foreign distributors or sales or marketing agents;

•	limited protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;

•	difficulty in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods;

•	costs of enforcing contractual obligations in foreign jurisdictions;

•	recessions in economies outside of the United States;

•	political instability and unexpected changes in diplomatic and trade relationships;

•	currency exchange rate fluctuations; and

•	potentially adverse tax consequences.

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•	incur additional indebtedness;

•	create liens;

•	replace certain of our executive officers;

•	enter into transactions with affiliates;

•	transfer assets;

•	pay dividends or make distributions on, or repurchase, our capital stock; and

•	merge or consolidate.

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•	the effectiveness of the GSK collaboration, particularly our ability to achieve development and commercialization milestones;

•	the denial or delay of regulatory clearances or approvals for our products under development or receipt of regulatory approval of competing products;

•	our ability to accomplish clinical, regulatory and other product development and commercialization milestones and to do so in accordance with our timing estimates;

•	changes in policies affecting third-party coverage and reimbursement in the United States and other countries;

•	changes in government regulations and standards affecting the medical device industry and our products;

•	ability of our products to achieve market success;

•	the performance of third-party contract manufacturers and component suppliers;

•	actual or anticipated variations in our results of operations or those of our competitors;

•	announcements of new products, technological innovations or product advancements by us or our competitors;

•	developments with respect to patents and other intellectual property rights;

•	sales of common stock or other securities by us or our stockholders in the future;

•	additions or departures of key scientific or management personnel;

•	disputes or other developments relating to proprietary rights, including patents, litigation matters and our ability to obtain patent protection for our technologies;

•	trading volume of our common stock;

•	regulatory inquiries or developments affecting our products;

•	changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts, failure to obtain or maintain analyst coverage of our common stock or our failure to achieve analyst earnings estimates;

•	public statements by analysts or clinicians regarding their perceptions of our clinical results or the effectiveness of our products;

•	decreases in market valuations of medical device companies; and

•	general market conditions and other factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors.

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•	authorize the issuance of preferred stock which can be created and issued by the Board of Directors without prior stockholder approval, with rights senior to those of our common stock;

•	provide for a classified Board of Directors, with each director serving a staggered three-year term;

•	prohibit our stockholders from filling board vacancies, calling special stockholder meetings, or taking action by written consent;

•	provide for the removal of a director only with cause and by the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% or more of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of our directors; and

•	require advance written notice of stockholder proposals and director nominations.

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(1)	Includes information related to our Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Option/Restricted Stock Plan, Amended and Restated 1998 Equity Incentive Plan, Tenth Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, and Fourth Amended and Restated 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

(2)

As of December 31, 2018, there were 390,045 shares available for future grant under the Tenth Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan and 127,775 shares available under the Fourth Amended and Restated 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. No new stock grants or awards will be made under the Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Option/Restricted Stock Plan or the Amended and Restated 1998 Equity Incentive Plan.

(3)	Includes information related to our Amended and Restated 2009 Non-Qualified Inducement Stock Plan, which is designed to provide equity grants to new employees. Pursuant to this plan, we were authorized to issue Non-Qualified Stock Options, Restricted Stock Awards and Unrestricted Stock Awards.

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(1)	Member of Audit Committee

(2)	Member of Compensation Committee

(3)	Member of Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

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•	our Class I director is Timothy R. Surgenor;

•	our Class II directors are Shai N. Gozani, M.D., Ph.D. and David Van Avermaete; and

•	our Class III directors are David E. Goodman, M.D. and Nancy E. Katz.

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(1)	These amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value for 15,000 stock options granted to each director during fiscal year 2018.

(2)	As of December 31, 2018, Dr. Goodman held options to purchase 16,971 shares of common stock, 10,954 of which were vested.

(3)	As of December 31, 2018, Ms. Katz held options to purchase 16,971 shares of common stock, 10,954 of which were vested.

(4)	As of December 31, 2018, Mr. Surgenor held options to purchase 16,971 shares of common stock, 10,954 of which were vested.

(5)	As of December 31, 2018, Mr. Van Avermaete held options to purchase 17,252 shares of common stock, 11,235 of which were vested.

(1)

These amounts include the aggregate grant date fair value for option awards granted during fiscal years 2018 and 2017 computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The amount of each grant is set forth below under “Discussion of Summary Compensation Table — Long-Term Incentive Compensation.” A discussion of the assumptions used in determining grant date fair value may be found in Note 3 to our Financial Statements, included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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(1)	Reflects the unexercised portion of a stock option for 25,000 shares of common stock that was granted on August 22, 2016. The option vests 25% on the first anniversary of the vesting start date and then 1/16th each quarter thereafter until fully vested.

(2)	Reflects the unexercised portion of a stock option for 12,500 shares of common stock that was granted on August 22, 2016. The option vests 25% on the first anniversary of the vesting start date and then 1/16th each quarter thereafter until fully vested.

•	a sale of substantially all of our assets;

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•	a merger or combination with another entity, unless the merger or combination does not result in a change in ownership of our voting securities of more than 50%; or

•	the sale or transfer of more than 50% of our voting securities.

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•	each of our directors;

•	each of our named executive officers;

•	all of our directors and executive officers as a group; and

•	each stockholder known by us to beneficially own more than five percent of our common stock.

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(1)	Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each stockholder is c/o NeuroMetrix, Inc., 1000 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451.

(2)	Includes all options that are exercisable on or within 60 days from January 23, 2019 by the beneficial owner, except as otherwise noted.

(3)

Reflects shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of preferred stock beneficially owned by Sabby Healthcare Master Fund, Ltd. ("SHMF") and Sabby Volatility Warrant Master Fund ("SVWMF"). The amount does not include 59,307 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants issued to SHMF and SVWMF in 2015 and an aggregate of 5,430,690 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of 14,052.93 shares of Series D convertible preferred stock and 2,471.70 shares of Series E convertible preferred stock issued to SHMF and SVWMF. All convertible preferred stock held by SHMF and SVWMF is subject to a 9.99% beneficial ownership limitation. Sabby Management, LLC and Hal Mintz do not directly own shares of common stock, but are deemed to have beneficial ownership over these shares of common stock because Sabby Management, LLC is the investment manager for both SHMF and SVWMF and Hal Mintz is the manager of Sabby Management, LLC. The address for the reporting persons is 10 Mountainview Road, Suite 205, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458.

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*	Lesser of life of lease or estimated useful life.

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(1)	Expiration of Federal and State Net Operating Loss Carryforwards and other reductions.