ptp10q_mar09.htm
 


 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009
   
 
OR
   
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 001-31341

Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Bermuda
 
98-0416483
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

The Belvedere Building
69 Pitts Bay Road
Pembroke, Bermuda
 
HM 08
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

(441) 295-7195
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.      Yes    No ___

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ___ No ___

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
X
 
Accelerated filer
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
     Yes ___     No  X  

As of April 15, 2009, there were outstanding 51,163,377 common shares, par value $0.01 per share, of the registrant.
 

 
PLATINUM UNDERWRITERS HOLDINGS, LTD.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2009

TABLE OF CONTENTS
   
Page
     
PART I  –  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
     
Item 1.
Financial Statements
 
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2009 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2008
1
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (Unaudited)
2
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (Unaudited)
3
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (Unaudited)
4
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (Unaudited)
5
     
Item 2.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
17
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
26
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
28
     
PART II  –  OTHER INFORMATION
 
     
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
28
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
29
Item 6.
Exhibits
29
     
SIGNATURES
30



PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
($ in thousands, except share data)
   
 (Unaudited)
       
   
March 31, 2009
   
December 31, 2008
 
ASSETS
           
Investments:
           
Fixed maturity available-for-sale securities at fair value (amortized cost – $4,062,567 and $3,267,571, respectively)
  $ 3,841,550     $ 3,063,804  
Fixed maturity trading securities at fair value (amortized cost – $118,172 and $296,837, respectively)
    125,402       305,237  
Preferred stocks (cost – $1,879 and $3,087, respectively)
    1,879       2,845  
Short-term investments
    36,728       75,036  
Total investments
    4,005,559       3,446,922  
Cash and cash equivalents
    309,082       813,017  
Accrued investment income
    32,817       29,041  
Reinsurance premiums receivable
    356,736       307,539  
Reinsurance recoverable on ceded losses and loss adjustment expenses
    9,833       12,413  
Prepaid reinsurance premiums
    8,387       10,897  
Funds held by ceding companies
    136,944       136,278  
Deferred acquisition costs
    47,828       50,719  
Income tax recoverable
    4,416       11,973  
Deferred tax assets
    70,140       71,444  
Other assets
    9,254       36,920  
Total assets
  $ 4,990,996     $ 4,927,163  
                 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Liabilities
               
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses
  $ 2,494,997     $ 2,463,506  
Unearned premiums
    213,638       218,890  
Debt obligations
    250,000       250,000  
Ceded premiums payable
    1,714       2,918  
Commissions payable
    127,195       125,551  
Other liabilities
    73,993       56,901  
Total liabilities
    3,161,537       3,117,766  
                 
Shareholders’ Equity
               
Preferred shares, $.01 par value, 25,000,000 shares authorized, none and 5,750,000 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
          57  
Common shares, $.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 51,163,377 and 47,482,161 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
    512       475  
Additional paid-in capital
    1,056,434       1,114,135  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (204,807 )     (188,987 )
Retained earnings
    977,320       883,717  
Total shareholders' equity
    1,829,459       1,809,397  
                 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $ 4,990,996     $ 4,927,163  

 
See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
- 1 -

 
Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) and
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008
($ in thousands, except per share data)

   
2009
   
2008
 
             
Revenue:
           
Net premiums earned
  $ 247,752     $ 301,851  
Net investment income
    34,246       49,062  
Net realized investment gains
    20,570       2,972  
Other income (expense)
    232       (96 )
Total revenue
    302,800       353,789  
                 
Expenses:
               
Net losses and loss adjustment expenses
    144,164       160,203  
Net acquisition expenses
    40,156       60,542  
Net changes in fair value of derivatives
    2,417       810  
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses
    12,411        
Portion of impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)
    (9,003 )      
Net impairment losses
    3,408        
Operating expenses
    20,868       21,690  
Net foreign currency exchange (gains) losses
    996       (4,869 )
Interest expense
    4,755       4,750  
Total expenses
    216,764       243,126  
                 
Income before income tax expense
    86,036       110,663  
Income tax expense
    1,114       5,492  
                 
Net income
    84,922       105,171  
Preferred dividends
    1,301       2,602  
                 
Net income attributable to common shareholders
  $ 83,621     $ 102,569  
                 
Earnings per common share:
               
Basic earnings per common share
  $ 1.69     $ 1.97  
Diluted earnings per common share
  $ 1.58     $ 1.76  
                 
Comprehensive income:
               
Net income
  $ 84,922     $ 105,171  
Other comprehensive loss:
               
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, net of deferred tax
    (1,576 )     (4,121 )
Comprehensive income
  $ 83,346     $ 101,050  
                 
Shareholder dividends:
               
Preferred shareholder dividends declared
  $ 2,602     $ 2,602  
Dividends declared per preferred share
    0.45       0.45  
Common shareholder dividends declared
    4,262       4,154  
Dividends declared per common share
  $ 0.08     $ 0.08  


See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
- 2 -

 
Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008
($ in thousands)


   
2009
   
2008
 
             
Preferred shares:
           
Balances at beginning of period
  $ 57     $ 57  
Conversion of preferred shares
    (57 )      
Balances at end of period
          57  
                 
Common shares:
               
Balances at beginning of period
    475       538  
Issuance of common shares
    1       1  
Purchase of common shares
    (23 )     (50 )
Settlement of equity awards
    2        
Conversion of preferred shares
    57        
Balances at end of period
    512       489  
                 
Additional paid-in capital:
               
Balances at beginning of period
    1,114,135       1,338,466  
Issuance of common shares
    247       1,647  
Purchase of common shares
    (60,068 )     (167,892 )
Share based compensation
    3,144       3,027  
Settlement of equity awards
    (1,024 )     (296 )
Balances at end of period
    1,056,434       1,174,952  
                 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
               
Balances at beginning of period
    (188,987 )     (24,339 )
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of deferred tax
    (14,244 )      
Portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)
    (9,003 )      
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, net of deferred tax
    7,427       (4,121 )
Balances at end of period
    (204,807 )     (28,460 )
                 
Retained earnings:
               
Balances at beginning of period
    883,717       683,655  
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of deferred tax
    14,244        
Net income
    84,922       105,171  
Preferred share dividends
    (1,301 )     (2,602 )
Common share dividends
    (4,262 )     (4,154 )
Balances at end of period
    977,320       782,070  
                 
Total shareholders’ equity
  $ 1,829,459     $ 1,929,108  

 
See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
- 3 -

 
Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008
($ in thousands)
 

   
2009
   
2008
 
             
Operating Activities:
           
Net income
  $ 84,922     $ 105,171  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash used in operations:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    7,663       2,136  
Net realized investment (gains) losses
    (20,570 )     (45 )
Net impairment losses
    3,408        
Net foreign currency exchange (gains) losses
    996       (4,869 )
Share based compensation
    3,144       3,053  
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)
    1,633       (2,625 )
Trading securities activities, net
    204,390       7,554  
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
(Increase) decrease in accrued investment income
    (3,661 )     5,599  
Increase in reinsurance premiums receivable
    (49,450 )     (55,773 )
(Increase) decrease in funds held by ceding companies
    (792 )     581  
Decrease in deferred acquisition costs
    2,805       2,424  
Decrease in net current income tax accounts
    6,503       5,993  
Increase in net unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses
    38,077       46,339  
Decrease in net unearned premiums
    (2,480 )     (4,427 )
Decrease in ceded premiums payable
    (1,114 )     (4,429 )
Increase in commissions payable
    1,837       11,704  
Changes in other assets and liabilities
    (7,750 )     (16,064 )
Other net
    33       373  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    269,594       102,695  
                 
Investing Activities:
               
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities
    128,941       6,177  
Proceeds from maturity or paydown of available-for-sale securities
    186,916       442,368  
Acquisition of available-for-sale securities
    (1,044,698 )     (299,553 )
Acquisition of trading securities
    (14,525 )      
Net change in short-term investments
    38,585       (121,064 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (704,781 )     27,928  
                 
Financing Activities:
               
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
    (2,602 )     (2,602 )
Dividends paid to common shareholders
    (4,262 )     (4,154 )
Purchase of common shares
    (60,091 )     (167,941 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (66,955 )     (174,697 )
                 
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash
    (1,793 )     2,139  
                 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (503,935 )     (41,935 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    813,017       1,076,279  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 309,082     $ 1,034,344  
                 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
               
Income taxes paid
  $ (7,122 )   $ 2,125  
Interest paid
  $     $  

 
See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
- 4 -

 
Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 and 2008
 
 
1.
Basis of Presentation
 
Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd. (“Platinum Holdings”) is a Bermuda holding company organized in 2002.  Platinum Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) operate through two licensed reinsurance subsidiaries:  Platinum Underwriters Bermuda, Ltd. (“Platinum Bermuda”) and Platinum Underwriters Reinsurance, Inc. (“Platinum US”).  The terms “we,” “us,” and “our” also refer to Platinum Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise indicates.  Through December 31, 2006, we also underwrote business through Platinum Re (UK) Limited (“Platinum UK”), our other licensed reinsurance subsidiary.  In 2007, Platinum UK ceased underwriting reinsurance business.  We provide property and marine, casualty and finite risk reinsurance coverages, through reinsurance intermediaries, to a diverse clientele of insurers and select reinsurers on a worldwide basis.
 
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of Platinum Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries, including Platinum Bermuda, Platinum US, Platinum UK, Platinum Underwriters Finance, Inc. (“Platinum Finance”), Platinum Regency Holdings (“Platinum Regency”), Platinum Administrative Services, Inc. and Platinum UK Services Company Limited.  All material inter-company transactions have been eliminated in preparing these consolidated financial statements.  The consolidated financial statements included in this report as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 are unaudited and include adjustments consisting of normal recurring items that management considers necessary for a fair presentation under U.S. GAAP.  These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
The preparation of financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could materially differ from these estimates.  The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.
 
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
 
In April 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments” (“FSP 115-2”).  FSP 115-2 amends previous guidance with respect to other-than-temporary impairment for debt securities.  The objective of the FASB was to make the guidance more operational and to improve presentation and disclosure of other-than-temporary impairments.  Under FSP 115-2, if we intend to sell a debt security or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery, we will recognize the other-than-temporary impairment in the consolidated statement of operations equal to the entire difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and its fair value at the balance sheet date.  For debt securities, we must also determine that the present value of expected future cash flows from a debt security are greater than the amortized cost of the security, otherwise a credit loss has occurred.  If a credit loss exists, the impairment is separated into:  (a) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss, which is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations and (b) the amount of the total impairment related to all other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes.  FSP 115-2 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009.  We adopted FSP 115-2 as of March 31, 2009.
 
Under FSP 115-2, if we do not intend to sell a debt security held at the beginning of the period of adoption and it is more likely than not that will not be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, then we recognize the cumulative effect of initially applying FSP 115-2 as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings with a corresponding adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income.  Upon adoption of FSP 115-2, we recorded a cumulative effect adjustment of $14,244,000, net of deferred tax, which decreased accumulated other comprehensive income and increased retained earnings as of January 1, 2009.  Also upon adoption of FSP 115-2, we increased the amortized cost of certain available-for-sale securities by $15,103,000 and decreased deferred tax assets by $858,000.  The adjustment to the amortized cost of these securities represents other-than-temporary impairments not related to credit and recognized in earnings prior to the adoption of FSP 115-2.  The adoption did not have any impact on our shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income.  The effect of FSP 115-2 in 2009 was to increase net income by recognizing the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment not related to the credit loss in other comprehensive income.  The amount of other-than-temporary impairments not related to credit losses recognized in other comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was $9,003,000.
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly” (“FSP 157-4”), which provides additional guidance for estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability has significantly decreased and emphasizes that the fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions.  FSP 157-4 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009 and not later than the adoption of FSP 115-2.  We adopted FSP 157-4 as of March 31, 2009.
 
- 5 -

 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107-1 and Accounting Principles Board Opinion 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments” (“FSP 107-1”).  FSP 107-1 increases the frequency of the disclosures about fair value with the objective of improving the transparency and quality of information provided to users of financial statements.  FSP 107-1 is effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009.  We adopted FSP 107-1 as of March 31, 2009.
 
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosure about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”).  SFAS 161 amends and expands the disclosure requirements in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities and how these activities affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows, thereby improving the transparency of financial reporting.  SFAS 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008.  The adoption of SFAS 161 did not have any material impact on the presentation of our consolidated financial statements.
 
2.
Investments
 
Available-for-sale Securities
 
The following table sets forth our fixed maturity available-for-sale securities and preferred stocks as of March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Gross
 Unrealized Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized Losses
   
Fair Value
 
                         
U.S. Government
  $ 4,096       469           $ 4,565  
U.S. Government agencies
    709,916       20,823       80       730,659  
Corporate bonds
    808,890       8,588       58,168       759,310  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    476,795       314       114,497       362,612  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    1,087,364       20,928       77,029       1,031,263  
Asset-backed securities
    154,682       1,165       33,267       122,580  
Municipal bonds
    542,100       11,767       2,910       550,957  
Non-U.S. governments
    278,724       2,429       1,549       279,604  
Total fixed maturity available-for-sale securities
    4,062,567       66,483       287,500       3,841,550  
Preferred stocks
    1,879                   1,879  
Total available-for-sale securities
  $ 4,064,446       66,483       287,500     $ 3,843,429  
 
U.S. Government agencies include securities issued by financial institutions under the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal National Mortgage Association, and other U.S. Government agencies.
 
Unrealized Gains and Losses
 
Net change in unrealized investment gains and losses on our available-for-sale securities for the quarter ended March 31, 2009 was as follows ($ in thousands):
       
Available for sale securities
  $ (17,008 )
Less deferred tax
    1,188  
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of deferred tax
    14,244  
Net change in unrealized gains and losses
  $ (1,576 )
 
Gross unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2009 were $66,483,000 and $287,500,000, respectively.  As of March 31, 2009, the single largest unrealized loss was a sub-prime asset-backed security with an amortized cost of $10,088,000 and an unrealized loss of $8,470,000.  As of March 31, 2009, the single largest unrealized loss within our mortgage-backed security portfolio was $7,896,000 related to a commercial mortgage-backed security with an amortized cost of $15,040,000.  Investment holdings within our corporate bond portfolio were diversified across approximately 30 industry sectors and across many individual issuers and issues within each sector.  As of March 31, 2009, the single largest unrealized loss within our corporate bond portfolio was $4,385,000 related to a security with an amortized cost of $7,394,000.
 
- 6 -

 
The following table sets forth our unrealized losses on securities classified as available-for-sale aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):

   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized Loss
 
             
Less than twelve months:
           
U.S. government agencies
  $ 10,221       80  
Corporate bonds
    234,334       14,718  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    242,097       67,842  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    63,936       29,656  
Asset-backed securities
    48,226       7,559  
Municipal bonds
    132,661       2,304  
Non-U.S. governments
    14,491       202  
Total
  $ 745,966       122,361  
                 
Twelve months or more:
               
U.S. government agencies
  $        
Corporate bonds
    155,308       43,450  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    114,001       46,655  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    51,409       47,373  
Asset-backed securities
    14,178       25,708  
Municipal bonds
    16,785       606  
Non-U.S. governments
    16,075       1,347  
Total
  $ 367,756       165,139  
                 
Total unrealized losses:
               
U.S. government agencies
  $ 10,221       80  
Corporate bonds
    389,642       58,168  
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    356,098       114,497  
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    115,345       77,029  
Asset-backed securities
    62,404       33,267  
Municipal bonds
    149,446       2,910  
Non-U.S. governments
    30,566       1,549  
Total
  $ 1,113,722       287,500  
 
We routinely review our available-for-sale investments to determine whether unrealized losses represent temporary changes in fair value or were the result of “other-than-temporary impairments.”  The process of determining whether a security is other-than-temporarily impaired requires judgment and involves analyzing many factors.  These factors include, but are not limited to, the overall financial condition of the issuer, the length and magnitude of an unrealized loss, specific credit events, the collateral structure and the credit support that may be applicable.  If the present value of expected future cash flows from a debt security are less than the amortized cost of the security, then a credit loss has occurred.  If a credit loss exists, the impairment is determined as:  (a) the amount related to the credit loss, which is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations and (b) the amount related to all other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes and is calculated as amortized cost less fair value plus credit losses.
 
Our structured securities, consisting of commercial mortgage-backed, residential mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, represent our largest unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2009.  Our non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities include securities with underlying prime, sub-prime and Alt-A mortgages.  We analyze our residential mortgage-backed securities on a periodic basis using default loss models based on the performance of the underlying loans.  Performance metrics include, but are not limited to, delinquencies, defaults, foreclosures, prepayment speeds and cumulative losses incurred.  The expected losses for a mortgage pool are compared to the break-even loss, which represents the point at which our tranche begins to experience losses.  We evaluate projected cash flows as well as other factors in order to determine if credit impairment has occurred.  For the three months ended March 31, 2009, we recorded $1,425,000 of credit impairment charges related to non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities and $140,000 related to sub-prime asset-backed securities.  Our commercial mortgage-backed securities are evaluated on a periodic basis using analytical techniques and various metrics including, but not limited to, the level of subordination, debt-service-coverage ratios, loan-to-value ratios, delinquencies, defaults and foreclosures.  For the three months ended March 31, 2009, we recorded $635,000 of credit impairment charges related to commercial mortgage-backed securities.
 
- 7 -

 
 
The following table sets forth a summary of the credit losses recognized on our available-for-sale debt securities ($ in thousands):
       
Beginning balance at January 1, 2009
  $  
Cumulative effect of accounting change
    2,300  
Credit losses on securities not previously impaired
    945  
Additional credit losses on previously impaired securities
    1,255  
Ending balance at March 31, 2009
    4,500  
 
In evaluating the potential for other-than-temporary impairment, we consider our intent to sell a security and whether it is more likely than not that we may be required to sell a security before a sufficient period of time for the value to recover the unrealized loss.  Our intent to sell a security is based, in part, on whether we expect our current and anticipated future positive net cash flows from operations, as well as proceeds from maturing securities, to generate sufficient liquidity to meet our obligations.  If we determine that we intend to sell a security, then the unrealized loss related to such security, representing the difference between the security’s amortized cost and its fair value, is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations.
 
We evaluate our holdings of perpetual preferred stocks by individual issuer and determine if we can forecast a reasonable period of time for the securities to recover the unrealized loss position.  If we are unable to forecast a reasonable period of time sufficient for our perpetual preferred stocks to recover, an impairment is recorded in the consolidated statement of operations for the entire unrealized loss.  We recorded other-than-temporary impairment charges of $1,208,000 on our holdings of perpetual preferred stocks for the three months ended March 31, 2009.
 
Overall, we believe that the gross unrealized loss in our available-for-sale portfolio represents temporary declines due primarily to the loss of liquidity in the financial markets and that the net unrealized losses on our available-for-sale securities are not necessarily predictive of ultimate performance.  We also believe that the provisions we have made for other-than-temporary impairments are adequate and that we have the ability and intent to hold our securities for a sufficient period of time to recover the value, which may be until maturity if necessary.  Economic conditions may deteriorate more than expected and may adversely affect the expected cash flows of our securities, which in turn may lead to other-than-temporary impairments recorded in future periods.
 
Trading Securities
 
The following table sets forth the fair value of our fixed maturity trading securities as of March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):
       
Insurance-linked securities
  $ 14,530  
Non-U.S. dollar denominated securities:
       
Corporate bonds
    3,244  
Non-U.S. governments
    107,628  
Total trading securities
  $ 125,402  
 
We elected to apply the fair value measurement attributes of SFAS 159 to our investments in insurance-linked securities.  Insurance-linked securities have exposure to catastrophe loss, which we actively manage.  We believe that the various risk elements of insurance-linked securities are more appropriately accounted for in accordance with the fair value measurement attributes of SFAS 159.  We have included insurance-linked securities at a fair value of $14,530,000 in our fixed maturity trading securities on the consolidated balance sheets, and have recorded an unfavorable change in the mark-to-market of $3,000 in net realized investment gains in the consolidated statement of operations.  These securities are included in investing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.
 
Net realized investment gains include losses for mark-to-market adjustments of $1,199,000 on trading securities for the three months ended March 31, 2009.
 
Net Investment Income
 
The following table sets forth our net investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):
       
Fixed maturity securities
  $ 33,566  
Short-term investments and cash and cash equivalents
    976  
Funds held
    872  
Subtotal
    35,414  
Less investment expenses
    1,168  
Net investment income
  $ 34,246  
 
- 8 -

 
Net Realized Investment Gains and Losses
 
Proceeds from sales, maturities and calls of fixed maturity available-for-sale securities were $315,857,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2009.  Proceeds from sales, maturities and calls of fixed maturity trading securities were $327,861,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2009.  There were no sales of preferred stocks for the three months ended March 31, 2009.
 
The following table sets forth our net realized investment gains and losses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):
       
Net gains (losses) on the sale of investments:
     
Gross realized gains
  $ 22,162  
Gross realized losses
    (393 )
Subtotal
    21,769  
Mark-to-market adjustments on trading securities
    (1,199 )
Net realized investment gains
  $ 20,570  
 
Maturities
 
Actual maturities of our fixed maturity available-for-sale and trading securities could differ from stated maturities due to call or prepayment provisions.  The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of our fixed maturity available-for-sale and trading securities by stated maturity as of March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):

   
Amortized
Cost
   
Fair Value
 
             
Due in one year or less
  $ 192,590     $ 193,137  
Due from one to five years
    1,510,665       1,531,472  
Due from five to ten years
    465,931       460,675  
Due in ten or more years
    292,712       265,212  
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities
    1,718,841       1,516,456  
Total
  $ 4,180,739     $ 3,966,952  
 
3.
Fair Value Measurements
 
We consider prices for actively traded government securities and exchange traded preferred stocks to be based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”)).  The fair values of our other fixed maturity securities, which generally include mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, corporate bonds, municipal bonds, and bonds issued or guaranteed by governmental entities, are based on prices obtained from independent pricing vendors, index providers, or broker-dealers using observable inputs (Level 2 as defined by SFAS 157).  The observable inputs used in standard market valuation pricing models may include, but are not limited to, credit ratings, interest rates and yield curves at commonly quoted intervals, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates.  The fair values of our derivative instruments, which are included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet, are determined by management primarily using unobservable inputs through the application of our own assumptions and internal valuation pricing models (Level 3 as defined by SFAS 157).
 
- 9 -

 
The following table presents the fair value measurement levels for all assets and liabilities which the Company has recorded at fair value as of March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):

         
Fair Value Measurement Using:
 
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
                         
Financial assets:
                       
U.S. government
  $ 4,565       4,565           $  
U.S. government agencies
    730,659             730,659        
Corporate
    762,554       13,060       749,494        
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    362,612             362,612        
Residential mortgage-backed securities
    1,031,263             1,031,263        
Asset-backed securities
    122,581             122,581        
Municipals
    550,957             550,957        
Non-U.S. governments
    387,232       32,487       354,745        
Insurance-linked securities
    14,530             14,530        
Preferred stocks
    1,879       1,879              
Short-term investments
    36,728             36,728        
Total
  $ 4,005,560       51,991       3,953,569     $  
                                 
Financial liabilities:
                               
Derivative instruments
    4,689                   4,689  
Total
  $ 4,689                 $ 4,689  
 
The following table presents the reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value measurements of our Level 3 liabilities, consisting of derivative instruments, measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs for the three months ended March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):
       
Beginning balance at January 1, 2009
  $ (4,753 )
Purchases, issuances, and settlements
    2,481  
Total unrealized and realized losses included in earnings
    (2,417 )
Ending balance at March 31, 2009
    (4,689 )
Losses for the period attributable to the net change in unrealized losses relating to liabilities outstanding
  $ (2,417 )
 
The net change in unrealized losses of $2,417,000 relating to derivative instruments outstanding was included in the net changes in fair value of derivatives included in the consolidated statement operations for the three months ended March 31, 2009.  We settled balances of $2,481,000 on derivatives in the three months ended March 31, 2009 and such payments were also included in the net changes in fair value of derivatives in the consolidated statement of operations.
 
4.
Derivative Instruments
 
In August 2008, we entered into a derivative agreement with Topiary Capital Limited (“Topiary”), a Cayman Islands special purpose vehicle, that provides us with the ability to recover up to $200,000,000 should two catastrophic events involving U.S. wind, U.S. earthquake, European wind or Japanese earthquake occur that meet specified loss criteria during any of three annual periods commencing August 1, 2008.  Any recovery we make under this contract is based on an index using insured property industry loss estimates that are compiled by Property Claim Services, a division of Insurance Services Offices, Inc., for certain U.S. perils, and parametric triggers for certain non-U.S. perils, and is not based on actual losses we may incur.  Consequently, the transaction is accounted for as a derivative and carried at the estimated net fair value.
 
- 10 -

 
Under the terms of the agreement, we will pay to Topiary approximately $9,650,000 during each of the three annual periods.  The net derivative liability at March 31, 2009 of $4,689,000 was included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet.  The change in net fair value of $2,417,000 was included in the change in fair value of derivatives on our consolidated statement of operations.
 
Topiary’s limit of loss is collateralized with high quality investment grade securities in a secured collateral account.  The performance of the securities in the collateral account is guaranteed under a total return swap agreement with Goldman Sachs International whose obligations under the swap agreement are guaranteed by Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.
 
5.
Earnings Per Share
 
The following is a calculation of the basic and diluted earnings or loss per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 ($ in thousands, except per share data):

   
Net
Income
   
Weighted Average
Common Shares
Outstanding
   
Earnings
Per Common
Share
 
                   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009:
                 
                   
Basic earnings per share:
                 
Net income attributable to common shareholders
  $ 83,621       49,521     $ 1.69  
Effect of dilutive securities:
                       
Common share options, restricted common shares and common share units
          1,114          
Conversion of preferred shares
          3,067          
Preferred share dividends
    1,301                
Adjusted net income for diluted earnings per share
  $ 84,922       53,702     $ 1.58  
                         
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008:
                       
                         
Basic earnings per share:
                       
Net income attributable to common shareholders
  $ 102,569       52,104     $ 1.97  
Effect of dilutive securities:
                       
Common share options, restricted common shares and common share units
          2,662          
Conversion of preferred shares
          5,108          
Preferred share dividends
    2,602                
Adjusted net income for diluted earnings per share
  $ 105,171       59,874     $ 1.76  
 
6.
Operating Segment Information
 
We conduct our worldwide reinsurance business through three operating segments: Property and Marine, Casualty and Finite Risk.  The Property and Marine operating segment includes property reinsurance, crop reinsurance and marine and aviation reinsurance.  This operating segment includes reinsurance contracts that are either catastrophe excess-of-loss, per-risk excess-of-loss or proportional contracts.  The Casualty operating segment includes principally reinsurance contracts that cover umbrella liability, general and product liability, professional liability, workers' compensation, casualty clash, automobile liability, surety, trade credit, political risk and accident and health.  The Finite Risk operating segment includes principally structured reinsurance contracts with ceding companies whose needs may not be met efficiently through traditional reinsurance products.  In exchange for contractual features that limit our downside risk, reinsurance contracts that we classify as finite risk provide the potential for significant profit commission to the ceding company.  The classes of risks underwritten through finite risk contracts are generally consistent with the classes covered by traditional products.  The finite risk contracts that we underwrite generally provide prospective protection, meaning coverage is provided for losses that are incurred after inception of the contract, as contrasted with retrospective coverage, which covers losses that are incurred prior to inception of the contract.  The three main categories of finite risk contracts are quota share, multi-year excess-of-loss and whole account aggregate stop loss.
 
- 11 -

 
In managing our operating segments, we use measures such as underwriting income and underwriting ratios to evaluate segment performance.  We do not allocate assets or certain income and expenses such as investment income, interest expense and certain corporate expenses to segments.  The measures we use in evaluating our operating segments should not be used as a substitute for measures determined under U.S. GAAP.  The following table summarizes underwriting activity and ratios for the three operating segments together with a reconciliation of underwriting income to income before income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 ($ in thousands):

   
Property
and Marine
   
Casualty
   
Finite Risk
   
Total
 
                         
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009:
                       
Net premiums written
  $ 141,735       98,014       5,523     $ 245,272  
                                 
Net premiums earned
    133,671       109,960       4,121       247,752  
Net losses and LAE
    77,451       59,141       7,572       144,164  
Net acquisition expenses
    17,364       26,221       (3,429 )     40,156  
Other underwriting expenses
    8,159       5,669       300       14,128  
Segment underwriting income (loss)
  $ 30,697       18,929       (322 )     49,304  
                                 
Net investment income
      34,246  
Net realized investment gains
      20,570  
Net impairment losses
      (3,408 )
Net changes in fair value of derivatives
      (2,417 )
Net foreign currency exchange losses
      (996 )
Other income
      232  
Corporate expenses not allocated to segments
      (6,740 )
Interest expense
      (4,755 )
Income before income tax expense
    $ 86,036  
                                 
Ratios:
                               
Net loss and LAE
    57.9 %     53.8 %     183.7 %     58.2 %
Net acquisition expense
    13.0 %     23.8 %     (83.2 %)     16.2 %
Other underwriting expense
    6.1 %     5.2 %     7.3 %     5.7 %
Combined
    77.0 %     82.8 %     107.8 %     80.1 %
                                 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008:
                               
Net premiums written
  $ 168,817       125,576       1,878     $ 296,271  
                                 
Net premiums earned
    153,390       147,495       966       301,851  
Net losses and LAE
    62,039       99,393       (1,229 )     160,203  
Net acquisition expenses
    20,654       37,488       2,400       60,542  
Other underwriting expenses
    8,596       6,795       310       15,701  
Segment underwriting income (loss)
  $ 62,101       3,819       (515 )     65,405  
                                 
Net investment income
      49,062  
Net realized investment gains
      2,972  
Net changes in fair value of derivatives
      (810 )
Net foreign currency exchange gains
      4,869  
Other expense
      (96 )
Corporate expenses not allocated to segments
      (5,989 )
Interest expense
      (4,750 )
Income before income tax expense
    $ 110,663  
                                 
Ratios:
                               
Net loss and LAE
    40.4 %     67.4 %     (127.2 %)     53.1 %
Net acquisition expense
    13.5 %     25.4 %     248.4 %     20.1 %
Other underwriting expense
    5.6 %     4.6 %     32.1 %     5.2 %
Combined
    59.5 %     97.4 %     153.3 %     78.4 %
 
- 12 -

 
7.
Income Taxes
 
We provide for income tax expense or benefit based upon income reported in the consolidated financial statements and the provisions of currently enacted tax laws.  Platinum Holdings and Platinum Bermuda are incorporated in Bermuda.  Under current Bermuda law, they are not taxed on any Bermuda income or capital gains and they have received an assurance that if any legislation is enacted in Bermuda that would impose tax computed on profits or income, or computed on any capital asset, gain or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, then the imposition of any such tax will not be applicable to Platinum Holdings or Platinum Bermuda or any of their respective operations, shares, debentures or other obligations until March 28, 2016.  We also have subsidiaries in the U.S., the United Kingdom and Ireland that are subject to the tax laws thereof.  The income tax returns of our U.S. based subsidiaries that remain open to examination are for calendar years 2003 and forward.  The income tax returns of 2003 and 2004 are currently under examination.
 
A reconciliation of expected income tax expense, computed by applying a 35% income tax rate to income before income taxes, to actual income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was as follows ($ in thousands):

   
2009
   
2008
 
             
Expected income tax expense at 35%
  $ 30,113     $ 38,732  
Effect of foreign income subject to tax at rates other than 35%
    (29,419 )     (32,704 )
Tax exempt investment income
    (1,217 )     (454 )
Other, net
    1,637       (82 )
Income tax expense
  $ 1,114     $ 5,492  
 
8.
Condensed Consolidating Financial Information
 
Platinum Finance is a U.S. intermediate holding company and a wholly owned subsidiary of Platinum Regency.  The outstanding Series B 7.5% Notes issued by Platinum Finance and due June 1, 2017 are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Platinum Holdings.
 
The payment of dividends from our regulated reinsurance subsidiaries is limited by applicable laws and statutory requirements of the jurisdictions in which the subsidiaries operate, including Bermuda, the U.S., the United Kingdom and Ireland.  Based on the regulatory restrictions of the applicable jurisdictions, the maximum amount available for payment of dividends or other distributions by Platinum US to Platinum Finance in 2009 without prior regulatory approval is estimated to be approximately $57,407,000.  The maximum amount available for payment of dividends or other distributions by the reinsurance subsidiaries of Platinum Holdings in 2009, including Platinum US, without prior regulatory approval is estimated to be approximately $386,380,000.  During the three months ended March 31, 2009, dividends of $40,000,000 were paid by Platinum Bermuda to Platinum Holdings.
 
The tables below present condensed consolidating financial information of Platinum Holdings, Platinum Finance and the non-guarantor subsidiaries of Platinum Holdings as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 and for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 ($ in thousands):

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
March 31, 2009
 
Platinum Holdings
   
Platinum Finance
   
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries
   
Consolidating Adjustments
   
Consolidated
 
                               
ASSETS
                             
Total investments
  $       1,565       4,003,994           $ 4,005,559  
Investment in subsidiaries
    1,785,834       521,754       302,222       (2,609,810 )      
Cash and cash equivalents
    36,407       11,119       261,556             309,082  
Reinsurance assets
                559,728             559,728  
Other assets
    12,786       2,453       101,388             116,627  
Total assets
  $ 1,835,027       536,891       5,228,888       (2,609,810 )   $ 4,990,996  
                                         
LIABILITIES AND
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                       
Liabilities
                                       
Reinsurance liabilities
  $             2,837,544           $ 2,837,544  
Debt obligations
          250,000                   250,000  
Other liabilities
    5,568       5,409       63,016             73,993  
Total liabilities
    5,568       255,409       2,900,560             3,161,537  
                                         
Shareholders’ Equity
                                       
Preferred shares
                             
Common shares
    512             6,250       (6,250 )     512  
Additional paid-in capital
    1,056,434       194,224       1,898,502       (2,092,726 )     1,056,434  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (204,807 )     (30,104 )     (234,924 )     265,028       (204,807 )
Retained earnings
    977,320       117,362       658,500       (775,862 )     977,320  
Total shareholders’ equity
    1,829,459       281,482       2,328,328       (2,609,810 )     1,829,459  
                                         
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 1,835,027       536,891       5,228,888       (2,609,810 )   $ 4,990,996  
 
- 13 -

 
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
December 31, 2008
 
Platinum Holdings
   
Platinum Finance
   
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries
   
Consolidating Adjustments
   
Consolidated
 
                               
ASSETS
                             
Total investments
  $       2,140       3,444,782           $ 3,446,922  
Investment in subsidiaries
    1,736,321       518,682       302,500       (2,557,503 )      
Cash and cash equivalents
    66,325       10,468       736,224             813,017  
Reinsurance assets
                517,846             517,846  
Other assets
    14,158       2,652       132,568             149,378  
Total assets
  $ 1,816,804       533,942       5,133,920       (2,557,503 )   $ 4,927,163  
                                         
LIABILITIES AND
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                       
Liabilities
                                       
Reinsurance liabilities
  $             2,810,865           $ 2,810,865  
Debt obligations
          250,000                   250,000  
Other liabilities
    7,407       2,412       47,082             56,901  
Total liabilities
    7,407       252,412       2,857,947             3,117,766  
                                         
Shareholders’ Equity
                                       
Preferred shares
    57                         57  
Common shares
    475             6,250       (6,250 )     475  
Additional paid-in capital
    1,114,135       194,264       1,898,582       (2,092,846 )     1,114,135  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (188,987 )     (27,899 )     (216,870 )     244,769       (188,987 )
Retained earnings
    883,717       115,165       588,011       (703,176 )     883,717  
Total shareholders' equity
    1,809,397       281,530       2,275,973       (2,557,503 )     1,809,397  
                                         
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 1,816,804       533,942       5,133,920       (2,557,503 )   $ 4,927,163  
 
 
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009
 
Platinum Holdings
   
Platinum Finance
   
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries
   
Consolidating Adjustments
   
Consolidated
 
                               
Revenue:
                             
Net premiums earned
  $             247,752           $ 247,752  
Net investment income
    30       20       34,196             34,246  
Net realized investment gains
                20,570             20,570  
Other income (expense)
    454             (222 )           232  
Total revenue
    484       20       302,296             302,800  
Expenses:
                                       
Net losses and loss adjustment expenses
                144,164             144,164  
Net acquisition expenses
                40,156             40,156  
Net changes in fair value of derivatives
                2,417             2,417  
Net impairment losses
                3,408             3,408  
Operating expenses
    6,543       108       14,217             20,868  
Net foreign currency exchange losses
                996             996  
Interest expense
          4,755                   4,755  
Total expenses
    6,543       4,863       205,358             216,764  
                                         
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)
    (6,059 )     (4,843 )     96,938             86,036  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    150       (1,695 )     2,659             1,114  
                                         
Income (loss) before equity in earnings of subsidiaries
    (6,209 )     (3,148 )     94,279             84,922  
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
    91,131       3,751       371       (95,253 )      
                                         
Net income
    84,922       603       94,650       (95,253 )     84,922  
Preferred dividends
    1,301                         1,301  
 
                                       
Net income attributable to common shareholders
  $ 83,621       603       94,650       (95,253 )   $ 83,621  
 
- 14 -

 
Consolidating Statement of Operations
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
 
Platinum Holdings
   
Platinum Finance
   
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries
   
Consolidating Adjustments
   
Consolidated
 
                               
Revenue:
                             
Net premiums earned
  $             301,851           $ 301,851  
Net investment income
    600       225       48,237             49,062  
Net realized gains on investments
          3       2,969             2,972  
Other income (expense)
    449             (545 )           (96 )
Total revenue
    1,049       228       352,512             353,789  
Expenses:
                                       
Net losses and loss adjustment expenses
                160,203             160,203  
Net acquisition expenses
                60,542             60,542  
Net changes in fair value of derivatives
                810             810  
Operating expenses
    5,849       100       15,741             21,690  
Net foreign currency exchange gains
                (4,869 )           (4,869 )
Interest expense
          4,750                   4,750  
Total expenses
    5,849       4,850       232,427             243,126  
                                         
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)
    (4,800 )     (4,622 )     120,085             110,663  
Income tax expense (benefit)
          (1,508 )     7,000             5,492  
                                         
Income (loss) before equity in earnings of subsidiaries
    (4,800 )     (3,114 )     113,085             105,171  
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
    109,971       13,465       11,007       (134,443 )      
                                         
Net income
    105,171       10,351       124,092       (134,443 )     105,171  
Preferred dividends
    2,602                         2,602  
                                         
Net income attributable to common shareholders
  $ 102,569       10,351       124,092       (134,443 )   $ 102,569  
 
 
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2009
 
Platinum
Holdings
   
Platinum Finance
   
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
   
Consolidating Adjustments
   
Consolidated
 
                               
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
  $ (2,964 )     32       272,526           $ 269,594  
                                         
Investing Activities:
                                       
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities
                128,941             128,941  
Proceeds from maturity or paydown of available-for-sale securities
          619       186,297             186,916  
Acquisition of available-for-sale securities
                (1,044,698 )           (1,044,698 )
Acquisition of trading securities
                (14,525 )           (14,525 )
Increase in short-term investments
                38,585             38,585  
Dividends from subsidiaries
    40,000                   (40,000 )      
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    40,000       619       (705,400 )     (40,000 )     (704,781 )
                                         
Financing Activities:
                                       
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
    (2,602 )                       (2,602 )
Dividends paid to common shareholders
    (4,262 )           (40,000 )     40,000       (4,262 )
Purchase of common shares
    (60,091 )                       (60,091 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (66,955 )           (40,000 )     40,000       (66,955 )
                                         
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash
                (1,793 )           (1,793 )
                                         
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (29,919 )     651       (474,667 )           (503,935 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    66,325       10,468       736,224             813,017  
                                         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 36,406       11,119       261,557           $ 309,082  
 
- 15 -

 
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
 
Platinum
Holdings
   
Platinum Finance
   
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
   
Consolidating Adjustments
   
Consolidated
 
                               
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
  $ (7,993 )     94       110,594           $ 102,695  
                                         
Investing Activities:
                                       
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities
          45       6,132             6,177  
Proceeds from maturity or paydown of available-for-sale securities
                442,368             442,368  
Acquisition of available-for-sale securities
                (299,553 )           (299,553 )
Increase in short-term investments
                (121,064 )           (121,064 )
Dividends from subsidiaries
    180,000                   (180,000 )      
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    180,000       45       27,883       (180,000 )     27,928  
                                         
Financing Activities:
                                       
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
    (2,602 )                       (2,602 )
Dividends paid to common shareholders
    (4,154 )           (180,000 )     180,000       (4,154 )
Purchase of common shares
    (167,941 )                       (167,941 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (174,697 )           (180,000 )     180,000       (174,697 )
                                         
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash
                2,139             2,139  
                                         
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (2,690 )     139       (39,384 )           (41,935 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    39,592       18,349       1,018,338             1,076,279  
                                         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 36,902       18,488       978,954           $ 1,034,344  
 
9.
Company Share Repurchases
 
Our board of directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $250,000,000 of our common shares through a share repurchase program.  Since the program was established, our board has monitored the level of share repurchase activity and periodically restored the repurchase authority under the program to $250,000,000, most recently on April 30, 2009.  During the three months ended March 31, 2009, the Company repurchased 2,251,804 its common shares in the open market at an aggregate cost, including commissions, of $60,091,000 and a weighted average cost, including commissions, of $26.69 per share.  All of the common shares we repurchased were canceled.

- 16 -

 
ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the “Note on Forward-Looking Statements” on pages 25-26 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2009 (this “Form 10-Q”).  Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).
 
 Overview
 
Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd. (“Platinum Holdings”) was organized in 2002 as a Bermuda holding company and had $2.1 billion in capital as of March 31, 2009.  We operate through our two licensed reinsurance subsidiaries, Platinum Underwriters Bermuda, Ltd. (“Platinum Bermuda”) and Platinum Underwriters Reinsurance, Inc. (“Platinum US”).  We provide property and marine, casualty and finite risk reinsurance coverages, through reinsurance intermediaries, to a diverse clientele of insurers and select reinsurers on a worldwide basis.
 
 Economic Conditions
 
Periods of moderate economic growth or recession tend not to adversely affect our operations.  Periods of moderate inflation or deflation also tend not to adversely affect our operations.  However, periods of severe inflation or deflation or prolonged periods of recession may adversely impact our results of operations or financial condition.  Management considers the potential impact of economic trends in the estimation process for establishing unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) and in determining our underwriting and investment strategies.
 
 Reinsurance Industry Conditions and Trends
 
The reinsurance industry historically has been cyclical, characterized by periods of price competition due to excessive underwriting capacity as well as periods of favorable pricing due to shortages of underwriting capacity.  Cyclical trends in the industry and the industry's profitability can also be significantly affected by shock events, including natural and other catastrophes.  Property and casualty reinsurance rates often rise in the aftermath of significant catastrophe losses.  To the extent that actual claim liabilities are higher than anticipated, the industry's capacity to write new business diminishes.  The reinsurance industry is also affected by changes in the propensity of courts to expand insurance coverage and grant large liability awards.  Fluctuations in interest rates and other changes in the economic environment that affect the fair values of investments may also impact the industry.
 
In 2005, an unprecedented level of hurricane losses caused many reinsurers to report significant net losses after which rating agencies imposed higher capital requirements.  Both reinsurers and their clients reassessed their catastrophe pricing parameters and procedures.  The result was an increase in catastrophe pricing, particularly for wind exposures in the United States, in 2006 and the beginning of 2007.  A number of new companies were formed to take advantage of the improved pricing.  The combination of additional capacity and a lack of major catastrophe activity in 2006 and 2007 led to a decline in pricing for catastrophe exposed reinsurance in the second half of 2007.  After initially stabilizing, the weakening of non-catastrophe pricing resumed in late 2006 and continued throughout 2007.  The pricing of reinsurance continued to decline in the first half of 2008.  However, during the second half of 2008, the financial markets experienced significant adverse credit events and a loss of liquidity, which reduced the amount of capital in the insurance industry.  In addition, the 2008 hurricane season resulted in substantial losses to the insurance and reinsurance industry.
 
 Current Outlook
 
We believe that the current adverse conditions in the financial markets have made debt and equity capital either unavailable or significantly more expensive to access than in the recent past.  Since reinsurance can serve primary insurers as a replacement of dedicated capital, we believe demand for reinsurance will increase.  We also believe that some reinsurers have been negatively impacted by the current adverse conditions in the financial markets and 2008 hurricane losses to such an extent that they may be reluctant to deploy their capacity without appropriate rate increases.  We believe that these factors have begun to affect reinsurance market conditions positively.  We believe that these conditions may lead to further rate strengthening during 2009, particularly with respect to property and marine business.
 
For the Property and Marine segment, catastrophe rate adequacy improved most in catastrophe exposed areas of the U.S.  We seek to limit the estimated probable maximum loss to a specific level for severe catastrophic events.  We currently expect to limit the probable maximum pre-tax loss for 2009 to no more than 22.5% of total capital for a severe catastrophic event in any geographic zone that could be expected to occur once in every 250 years, although we may change this threshold at any time.  In April 2009, the estimated probable maximum loss for a catastrophic event in any geographic zone arising from a 1-in-250 year event was approximately $304 million, as compared with $469 million in April 2008.
 
For the Casualty segment, we believe the decline in rate adequacy of the past few years has slowed and in some cases improved reinsurance terms have been agreed.  We believe that the market offers adequate returns on certain accounts.  We believe that financial security is a significant concern for buyers of long-tailed reinsurance protection who typically seek reinsurers with strong balance sheets, quality ratings, and a proven claims-paying record.  We believe that our rating, capitalization and reputation as a lead casualty reinsurer position us well to write profitable business as opportunities arise.
 
We found relatively more attractive opportunities in our Property and Marine segment and relatively fewer attractive opportunities in our Casualty segment.  Therefore, Property and Marine business may represent a larger proportion of our overall book of business in future periods, which could increase the volatility of our results of operations.
 
- 17 -

 
In the Finite Risk segment, we expect the relatively low level of demand will continue for the foreseeable future.
 
 Critical Accounting Estimates
 
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to make many estimates and valuation assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities (including unpaid losses and LAE),  revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent liabilities.  Certain of these estimates and assumptions result from judgments that are necessarily subjective.  Actual results may differ materially from these estimates.  Our critical accounting estimates include premiums written and earned, unpaid losses and LAE, estimates of reinsurance recoverable, valuation of investments and evaluation of risk transfer.  For a detailed discussion of the Company’s critical accounting estimates please refer to Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
In April 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments” (“FSP 115-2”).  See discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
 
 Results of Operations
 
Net income and diluted earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was as follows (amounts in thousands, except earnings per share):

   
2009
   
2008
   
Decrease
 
                   
Net income
  $ 84,922       105,171     $ 20,249  
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per common share
    53,702       59,874       6,172  
Diluted earnings per common share
  $ 1.58       1.76     $ 0.18  
 
The decrease in net income in 2009 as compared with 2008 was primarily due to a decrease in net underwriting income of $16,101,000 and a decrease in foreign currency exchange gains.  Net underwriting income consists of net premiums earned, less net losses and LAE, net acquisition expenses and operating costs related to underwriting operations.
 
Diluted earnings per common share decreased primarily due to the decrease in net income.  Diluted earnings per common share was favorably impacted by the decrease in weighted average shares outstanding.  The weighted average shares outstanding decreased as a result of repurchasing 7,763,000 shares during the year ended December 31, 2008, while the impact of such share repurchases on the weighted shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was 1,669,000 shares.
 
Underwriting Results
 
Net underwriting income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was $49,304,000 and $65,405,000, respectively.  The decrease in net underwriting income in 2009 as compared with 2008 was due to less net favorable development in 2009 as well as a decrease in net premiums earned.  Net premiums written decreased in 2009 as compared with 2008 primarily due to decreases in premiums written across most classes in the Casualty segment and decreases in the Property and Marine segment as we reduced our exposure to catastrophe events.  Net favorable development is the development of prior years’ unpaid losses and LAE and the related impact on premiums and commissions.  Net favorable development was $22,089,000 and $29,455,000 in 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
The net favorable loss development related to prior years was almost entirely in the Casualty segment.  Actual reported losses in certain casualty classes were significantly less than expected and gained sufficient credibility in the current period to reduce estimated ultimate losses.  We do not believe that the net favorable loss development experienced in 2009 is indicative of prospective net development of unpaid losses and LAE as of March 31, 2009 because the conditions and trends that affected the net favorable development of prior years’ unpaid losses and LAE may not necessarily exist in the future.
 
We conduct our worldwide reinsurance business through three operating segments: Property and Marine, Casualty and Finite Risk.  In managing our operating segments, we use measures such as underwriting income and underwriting ratios to evaluate segment performance.  We do not allocate assets or certain income and expenses such as investment income, interest expense and certain corporate expenses to segments.  Segment underwriting income is reconciled to the U.S. GAAP measure of income before income taxes in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.  The measures we used in evaluating our operating segments should not be used as a substitute for measures determined under U.S. GAAP.
 
- 18 -

 
Property and Marine
 
The Property and Marine operating segment generated 57.7% and 57.0% of our net premiums written for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  The following table summarizes underwriting activity and ratios for the Property and Marine segment for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 ($ in thousands):

   
2009
   
2008
   
Increase
(decrease)
 
                   
Gross premiums written
  $ 145,435       172,900     $ (27,465 )
Ceded premiums written
    3,700       4,083       ( 383 )
Net premiums written
    141,735       168,817       (27,082 )
                         
Net premiums earned
    133,671       153,390       (19,719 )
Net losses and LAE
    77,451       62,039       15,412  
Net acquisition expenses
    17,364       20,654       (3,290 )
Other underwriting expenses
    8,159       8,596       ( 437 )
Property and Marine segment underwriting income
  $ 30,697       62,101     $ (31,404 )
                         
Ratios:
                       
Net loss and LAE
    57.9 %     40.4 %  
17.5 points
 
Net acquisition expense
    13.0 %     13.5 %  
(0.5) points
 
Other underwriting expense
    6.1 %     5.6 %  
0.5 points
 
Combined
    77.0 %     59.5 %  
17.5 points
 
 
The decrease in underwriting income was primarily due to the difference in the net development of prior years’ premiums and losses.  There was $85,000 of net unfavorable development in 2009 as compared with net favorable development of $20,969,000 in 2008.  The decline in underwriting income was also attributable to the decline in net premiums earned.
 
The decrease in gross premiums written in 2009 as compared with 2008 was primarily in the catastrophe excess, risk excess and ocean marine excess classes where we reduced our exposure to catastrophe events.  Net premiums earned in 2009 decreased as a result of the decrease in net premiums written.
 
The increases in net losses and LAE and the related net loss and LAE ratios in 2009 as compared with 2008 were primarily due to the difference in net loss development.  Net unfavorable loss development was $1,484,000 in 2009 as compared with net favorable loss development of $15,231,000 in 2008.  Net loss development and premium adjustments related to the net loss development increased the net loss and LAE ratio by 0.6 points in 2009 and decreased the net loss and LAE ratio by 12.0 points in 2008.  We also had net losses from major catastrophes of $11,573,000 and $6,449,000 in 2009 and 2008, respectively.  The net losses from major catastrophes, with related premium adjustments, increased the net loss and LAE ratio in 2009 and 2008 by 7.9 points and 4.2 points, respectively.  Exclusive of losses related to major catastrophes and net favorable loss development, the net loss and LAE ratio increased by approximately 1.3 points.  The net loss and LAE ratios were also affected by changes in the mix of business.
 
The decrease in net acquisition expenses in 2009 as compared with 2008 was primarily due to the decrease in net premiums earned.  The net acquisition expense ratios in 2009 and 2008 are comparable.  Other underwriting expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were comparable at $8,159,000 and $8,596,000, respectively.
 
- 19 -

 
Casualty
 
The Casualty operating segment generated 40.0% and 42.4% of our net premiums written for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  The following table summarizes underwriting activity and ratios for the Casualty segment for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 ($ in thousands):

   
2009
   
2008
   
Increase (decrease)
 
                   
Net premiums written
  $ 98,014       125,576     $ (27,562 )
                         
Net premiums earned
    109,960       147,495       (37,535 )
Net losses and LAE
    59,141       99,393       (40,252 )
Net acquisition expenses
    26,221       37,488       (11,267 )
Other underwriting expenses
    5,669       6,795       (1,126 )
Casualty segment underwriting income
  $ 18,929       3,819     $ 15,110  
                         
Ratios:
                       
Net loss and LAE
    53.8 %     67.4 %  
(13.6) points
 
Net acquisition expense
    23.8 %     25.4 %  
(1.6) points
 
Other underwriting expense
    5.2 %     4.6 %  
0.6 points
 
Combined
    82.8 %     97.4 %  
(14.6) points
 
 
The increase in underwriting income was primarily due to the difference in the net development of prior years’ premiums and losses.  Net favorable development was $22,243,000 and $8,699,000 in 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
The decrease in net premiums written in 2009 as compared with 2008 was primarily due to decreases in business underwritten in 2009 and 2008 across most North American casualty classes, with the most significant decreases in the claims made excess classes.  The decreases were the result of fewer opportunities that met our underwriting standards.  The decrease in net premiums earned was the result of the decrease in net premiums written in 2009 and 2008.  Net premiums written and earned were also affected by changes in the mix of business and the structure of the underlying reinsurance contracts.
 
The decreases in net losses and LAE and the related ratios in 2009 as compared with 2008 were due to a decrease in net premiums earned and an increase in net favorable loss development.  Net favorable loss development was $23,138,000 and $12,088,000 in 2009 and 2008, respectively.  Net favorable loss development in 2009 included $22,376,000 from certain long-tailed casualty classes.  Net favorable loss development and premium adjustments related to prior years’ losses decreased the net loss and LAE ratios in 2009 and 2008 by 20.6 and 8.2 points, respectively.  Exclusive of net favorable loss development, the net loss and LAE ratio decreased by 1.2 points in 2009 as compared with 2008.  The net loss and LAE ratios were also affected by changes in the mix of business.
 
The decrease in net acquisition expenses in 2009 as compared with 2008 was due to the decrease in net premiums earned.  The decrease in the net acquisition expense ratio in 2009 as compared with 2008 was due to differences in commission and premium adjustments relating to prior years’ losses.  Net acquisition expenses in 2009 included an increase in commissions relating to prior years’ losses of $289,000 which, with related premiums adjustments, represented 0.3% of net premiums earned.  In 2008, commission increases relating to prior years’ losses were $3,418,000 which, with related premium adjustments, represented 2.3% of net premiums earned.  Exclusive of commissions and premium adjustments related to prior years’ losses, the net acquisition expense ratios in 2009 and 2008 were comparable.  Net acquisition expense ratios were also impacted by changes in the mix of business.
 
- 20 -

 
Finite Risk
 
The Finite Risk segment generated 2.3% and 0.6% of our net premiums written for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  Due to the often significant inverse relationship between losses and commissions for this segment, we believe it is important to evaluate the overall combined ratio, rather than its component parts of net loss and LAE ratio and net acquisition expense ratio.  The following table summarizes underwriting activity and ratios for the Finite Risk segment for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 ($ in thousands):

   
2009
   
2008
   
Increase (decrease)
 
                   
Net premiums written
  $ 5,523       1,878     $ 3,645  
                         
Net premiums earned
    4,121       966       3,155  
Net losses and LAE
    7,572       (1,229 )        
Net acquisition expenses
    (3,429 )     2,400          
Net losses, LAE and acquisition expenses
    4,143       1,171       2,972  
Other underwriting expenses
    300       310       (10 )
Finite Risk segment underwriting loss
  $ (322 )     (515 )   $ 193  
                         
Ratios:
                       
Net loss and LAE
    183.7 %     (127.2 %)        
Net acquisition expense
    (83.2 %)     248.4 %        
Net loss, LAE and acquisition expense ratios
    100.5 %     121.2 %  
(20.7) points
 
Other underwriting expense
    7.3 %     32.1 %  
(24.8) points
 
Combined
    107.8 %     153.3 %  
(45.5) points
 
 
The Finite Risk portfolio consists of a small number of contracts that can be large in premium size and, consequently, premium volume may vary significantly from year to year.  Due to the reduction in the premium volume in the recent years, current year ratios may be significantly impacted by relatively insignificant adjustments of prior years’ business.  The increases in net premiums written and net premiums earned in 2009 as compared with 2008 were attributable to an increase in participation on one contract.
 
The increase in net losses, LAE and acquisition expenses in 2009 as compared with 2008 was primarily due to the increase in net premiums earned.  The decrease in the net loss, LAE and acquisition expense ratio was primarily due to the decrease in net unfavorable loss development in 2009 as compared with 2008.  Net unfavorable loss development was $69,000 and $213,000 in 2009 and 2008, respectively.  Exclusive of commissions and premium adjustments related to prior years’ losses, the net loss and acquisition expense ratios in 2009 and 2008 were comparable.
 
Non-Underwriting Results
 
Net investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was $34,246,000 and $49,062,000, respectively.  Net investment income decreased in 2009 as compared with 2008 due primarily to decreases in yields on invested assets and cash and cash equivalents.  Net investment income in 2009 was reduced by $6,154,000 from our U.S. treasury inflation-protected securities (“TIPS”) as a result of decreases in the consumer price index while we held these securities.  We did not own any TIPS in the comparable 2008 period.
 
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Net realized investment gains were $20,570,000 and $2,972,000 in 2009 and 2008, respectively, and were comprised as follows ($ in thousands):

   
2009
   
2008
   
Favorable (Unfavorable) change
 
                   
Net gains on the sale of investments
  $ 21,769       45     $ 21,724  
Mark-to-market adjustments on trading securities
    (1,199 )     2,927       (4,126 )
Net realized investment gains
  $ 20,570       2,972     $ 17,598  
 
We sold positions in TIPS and U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities that resulted in net gains on the sale of investments of $21,309,000.
 
Net impairment losses on securities for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were $3,408,000 and $0, respectively.  The net impairment losses relating to credit that we recorded during 2009 included $955,000 of non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, $635,000 of commercial mortgage-backed securities, and $610,000 of Alt-A residential mortgage-backed securities and sub-prime asset-backed securities.  We also recorded other-than-temporary impairments of $1,208,000 on our holdings of perpetual preferred stocks for the three months ended March 31, 2009.
 
The net changes in fair value of derivatives for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were $2,417,000 and $810,000, respectively.  The increase in net changes in fair value of derivatives is attributable to the commencement in August 2008 of a derivative contract with Topiary Capital Limited (“Topiary”) that provides us with catastrophe event protection.  See “Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources” for additional discussion of Topiary.  We also entered into other less significant derivative contracts in 2008 prior to the Topiary contract, which also provided catastrophe event protection.
 
Operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were comparable at $20,868,000 and $21,690,000, respectively.  Operating expenses include costs such as salaries, rent and like items.
 
Net foreign currency exchange losses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 were $996,000 as compared to net foreign currency exchange gains of $4,869,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008.  We routinely transact business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar.  The net foreign currency exchange losses in 2009 were the result of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations during the quarter.  The net foreign currency exchange gain in 2008 was the result of our holding more non-U.S. dollar denominated assets than non-U.S. dollar denominated liabilities, primarily the Euro, while the U.S. dollar declined in value against this currency.
 
Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was comparable at $4,755,000 and $4,750,000, respectively, and related to our $250,000,000 of Series B 7.5% Notes due June 1, 2017.
 
Income taxes and the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows ($ in thousands):

   
2009
   
2008
   
Decrease
 
                   
Income taxes
  $ 1,114       5,492     $ 4,378  
Effective tax rates
    1.3 %     5.0 %  
3.7 points
 
 
The decrease in income tax expense in 2009 as compared with 2008 was due to the decrease in taxable income generated by our subsidiaries that operate in taxable jurisdictions.  The decrease in the effective tax rate was the result of a greater portion of income before income tax expense being generated by Platinum Holdings and Platinum Bermuda, which are not subject to corporate income tax, in 2009 as compared with 2008.  The percentage of income before income tax expense derived from Platinum Holdings and Platinum Bermuda was 97% in 2009 as compared with 84% in 2008.  The decrease in the effective tax rate was also partially attributable to an increase in non-taxable investment income in Platinum US.  The effective tax rate in any given period is based on income before income tax expense of our subsidiaries that operate in various taxable jurisdictions, each of which has its own corporate income tax rate.
 
 Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
On a consolidated basis, our aggregate cash and invested assets totaled $4,314,641,000 at March 31, 2009 as compared with $4,259,939,000 at December 31, 2008.  Our fixed maturity securities are primarily composed of diversified, high quality, predominantly publicly-traded securities.  The investment portfolio, excluding cash and cash equivalents and short term investments, had a duration of 3.3 years as of March 31, 2009.
 
As part of our investment strategy, we seek to establish a level of cash and liquid fixed maturity securities which, combined with expected cash flow from our subsidiaries, we believe to be adequate to meet our foreseeable payment obligations.  Our reinsurance subsidiaries have liquidity from premiums, which are generally received in advance of the time losses are paid.  The period of time from the occurrence of a claim through the settlement of the liability may extend many years into the future.  However, due to the nature of our reinsurance operations, cash flows are affected by claim payments that can fluctuate from year to year.  The timing and amounts of actual claim payments can vary based on many factors, including the size of individual losses, changes in the legal environment, and general market conditions.  The ultimate amount and timing of the claim payments could differ materially from our estimates and create significant variations in cash flows from operations between periods, which may cause us to make payments from other sources of liquidity, such as sales of investments, borrowings from credit facilities or proceeds from capital market transactions.  If the source of liquidity arises from the sale of investments, we may be forced to sell such investments at a loss, which may be material.
 
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The primary objective of our investment strategy is to generate investment income by maintaining a portfolio that consists primarily of diversified, high quality, predominantly publicly traded fixed maturity securities.  We maintain investment guidelines that contain limits on the portion of the portfolio that may be invested in the securities of any single issue or issuer, with the exception of U.S. government securities, and provide that financial futures and options and foreign exchange contracts may not be used in a speculative manner but may be used only as part of a defensive hedging strategy.  We do not invest in instruments such as credit default swaps or collateralized debt obligations.  As of March 31, 2009, we did not hold any common equities in our investment portfolio.  Our investment guidelines allow for investments in common equities up to a maximum of 10% of the investment portfolio.
 
As of March 31, 2009, the fair value of our available-for-sale securities was $3,843,429,000 with a net unrealized loss of $221,017,000.  The following table sets forth the fair values, net unrealized gains and losses and average credit quality of our fixed maturity securities as of March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):

   
Fair Value
   
Net Unrealized Gain (Loss)
   
Average Credit Quality
 
                   
Available-for-sale securities:
                 
U.S. Government
  $ 4,565     $ 469    
Aaa
 
U.S. Government agencies
    730,659       20,743    
Aaa
 
Corporate:
                     
Industrial
    479,788       (406 )     A2  
Finance
    159,547       (20,971 )     A1  
Utilities
    50,005       (271 )     A2  
Insurance
    42,451       (5,112 )     A1  
Preferreds with maturity date
    19,798       (13,047 )     A1  
Hybrid trust preferreds
    7,721       (9,773 )     A1  
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities:
                       
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
    362,612       (114,183 )  
Aaa
 
U.S. Government agency residential mortgage-backed securities
    934,115       20,362    
Aaa
 
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
    88,951       (65,363 )  
Aa1
 
Alt-A residential mortgage-backed securities
    8,197       (11,100 )     B1  
Sub-prime asset-backed securities
    11,207       (29,265 )  
Baa3
 
Asset-backed securities
    111,373       (2,837 )  
Aaa
 
Municipal bonds
    550,957       8,857    
Aa2
 
Non-U.S. governments
    279,604       880    
Aa1
 
Total fixed maturity available-for-sale securities
    3,841,550       (221,017 )  
Aa1
 
Preferred stocks
    1,879          
Baa2
 
Total available-for-sale securities
    3,843,429       (221,017 )  
Aa1
 
                         
Trading securities:
                       
Insurance-linked securities
    14,530       n/a    
Ba2
 
Non-U.S. dollar denominated corporate bonds
    3,244       n/a    
Aa2
 
Non-U.S. dollar denominated, non-U.S. governments
    107,628       n/a    
Aa1
 
Total trading securities
    125,402       n/a    
Aa2
 
                         
Total
  $ 3,968,831     $ (221,017 )  
Aa1
 
 
During the period, net unrealized losses on our available-for-sale investment portfolio increased by approximately $17,008,000.  This increase is primarily attributed to the cumulative effect of applying FASB Staff Position No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments” (“FSP 115-2”), resulting in an increase in net unrealized loss of $15,103,000.
 
The net unrealized loss position of our portfolio of residential mortgage-backed securities and residential sub-prime asset-backed securities (“RMBS”) was $85,366,000 as of March 31, 2009.  Approximately 90% of the RMBS in our investment portfolio were issued or guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association, the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and are referred to as U.S. Government agency residential mortgage-backed securities.  The remaining 10% of our RMBS were issued by non-agency institutions and include securities with underlying sub-prime and Alt-A mortgages.  The net unrealized loss position of these RMBS was $105,728,000 as of March 31, 2009, which we believe was primarily attributable to a widening of interest rate spreads since the securities were acquired and to the loss of liquidity in the financial markets.  We analyze our RMBS on a periodic basis using default loss models based on the performance of the underlying loans.  Performance metrics include, but are not limited to, delinquencies, defaults, foreclosures, prepayment speeds and cumulative losses incurred.  The expected losses for a mortgage pool are compared to the break-even loss, which represents the point at which our tranche begins to experience losses.  We evaluate projected cash flows as well as other factors in order to determine if our security is other-than-temporarily impaired.  For the three months ended March 31, 2009, we recorded $1,425,000 of net impairment losses related to non-agency RMBS and $140,000 related to sub-prime asset-backed securities.
 
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The net unrealized loss position of our portfolio of commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) was $114,182,000 as of March 31, 2009.  We believe that this net unrealized loss is primarily attributable to a widening of interest rate spreads since the securities were acquired and to the loss of liquidity in the financial markets.  Our CMBS are evaluated on a periodic basis using analytical techniques and various metrics including the level of subordination, debt-service-coverage ratios, loan-to-value ratios, delinquencies, defaults and foreclosures.  Our portfolio consists primarily of senior tranches of CMBS with high credit ratings, strong subordination and low loan-to-value ratios.  For the three months ended March 31, 2009, we recorded $635,000 of net impairment losses related to CMBS.
 
Overall, we believe that the gross unrealized loss in our available-for-sale portfolio represents temporary declines due primarily to the loss of liquidity in the financial markets and that the gross unrealized losses on our available-for-sale securities are not necessarily predictive of ultimate performance.  We also believe that the provisions we have made for other-than-temporary impairments are adequate and that we have the ability and intent to hold our securities for a sufficient period of time to recover their value, which may be until maturity, if necessary.  Economic conditions may deteriorate more than expected and adversely affect the expected cash flows of our securities, which in turn may lead to other-than-temporary impairments recorded in future periods.
 
We expect that our operational liquidity needs, including our anticipated reinsurance obligations and operating and capital expenditures, for the next twelve months will be met by our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, positive cash flow from operations, investment income and proceeds on the sale or maturity of our investments.
 
 Derivative Instruments
 
In August 2008, we entered into a derivative agreement with Topiary that provides us with the ability to recover up to $200,000,000 should two catastrophic events involving U.S. wind, U.S. earthquake, European wind or Japanese earthquake occur that meet specified loss criteria during any of three annual periods commencing August 1, 2008.  Any recovery we make under this contract is based on an index using insured property industry loss estimates that are compiled by Property Claim Services, a division of Insurance Services Offices, Inc., for certain U.S. perils, and parametric triggers for certain non-U.S. perils, and is not based on actual losses we may incur.  Under the terms of this derivative agreement, we will pay to Topiary approximately $9,650,000 during each of the three annual periods.
 
 Capital Resources
 
At March 31, 2009, our capital resources of $2.1 billion consisted of $250,000,000 of Series B Notes and common shareholders’ equity of $1.8 billion.  On February 17, 2009, our 5,750,000 outstanding 6% Series A Mandatory Convertible Preferred Shares automatically converted into 5,750,000 common shares at a ratio of one to one which was based on the volume weighted average price of $29.90 of our common shares from January 14, 2009 through February 11, 2009.  At December 31, 2008, our capital of $2.1 billion consisted of $250,000,000 of Series B Notes, $167,509,000 of preferred share equity, and common shareholders’ equity of $1.6 billion.  The increase in capital during 2009 was primarily attributable to net income in the quarter partially offset by share repurchase activity.
 
We monitor our capital adequacy on a regular basis and seek to adjust our capital according to the needs of our business.  In particular, we require capital sufficient to meet or exceed (1) the surplus requirements established by our ceding companies, (2) the capital adequacy ratios established by rating agencies for maintenance of appropriate financial strength ratings, and (3) the capital adequacy tests performed by regulatory bodies.  We actively manage our capital and may seek to raise additional capital or return capital to our shareholders through common share repurchases and cash dividends (or a combination of such methods).  We may also manage our capital through repurchases of our outstanding debt.
 
To the extent that our existing capital is insufficient to fund our future operating requirements or maintain our financial strength or debt ratings, we may need to raise additional capital through financings which can be in the form of debt securities, preference shares, common equity, bank credit facilities providing loans and/or letters of credit, or any combination of these sources.  Any equity or debt financing, if available at all, may be on terms that are unfavorable to us.  In the case of equity financings, dilution to our shareholders could result, and, in any case, such securities may have rights, preferences and privileges that are senior to those of our outstanding securities.  If we are not able to obtain adequate capital, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected, which could include, among other things, the following possible outcomes:  (1) potential downgrades in the financial strength ratings assigned by ratings agencies to our operating subsidiaries, which could place those operating subsidiaries at a competitive disadvantage compared to higher-rated competitors; (2) reductions in the amount of business that our operating subsidiaries are able to write in order to meet capital adequacy-based tests enforced by statutory agencies; and (3) increases in the cost of bank credit and letters of credit.  We can provide no assurance that, if needed, we would be able to obtain additional funds through financing on satisfactory terms or at all.
 
Our board of directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $250,000,000 of our common shares through a share repurchase program.  Since the program was established, our board of directors has monitored the level of share repurchase activity and periodically restored the repurchase authority under the program to $250,000,000, most recently on April 30, 2009.  During the three months ended March 31, 2009, Platinum Holdings repurchased 2,251,804 of its common shares in the open market at an aggregate cost, including commissions, of $60,091,000 and a weighted average cost, including commissions, of $26.69 per share.  The timing and amount of the repurchase transactions under this program will depend on a variety of factors, including market conditions and corporate and regulatory considerations.
 
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 Sources of Liquidity
 
Our consolidated sources of funds consist primarily of net cash flows provided by operations, proceeds from sales, redemption and maturity of investments, issuance of securities and actual cash and cash equivalents held by us.  Net cash flows provided by operations, excluding trading security activities, for the three months ended March 31, 2009 were $65,204,000.
 
In addition, we have a $400,000,000 credit facility with a syndicate of lenders which consists of a $150,000,000 senior unsecured credit facility available for revolving borrowings and letters of credit and a $250,000,000 senior secured credit facility available for letters of credit.  The credit facility generally is available for our working capital, liquidity and general corporate requirements and those of our subsidiaries.  Platinum Holdings and Platinum Underwriters Finance, Inc. (“Platinum Finance”) guarantee borrowings by our reinsurance subsidiaries under the credit facility.  The interest rate on borrowings under the credit facility is based on our election of either:  (1) LIBOR plus 50 basis points or (2) the higher of:  (a) the prime interest rate of the lead bank providing the credit facility, or (b) the federal funds rate plus 50 basis points.  The interest rate based on LIBOR would increase or decrease by up to 12.5 basis points should our senior unsecured debt rating decrease or increase, respectively.  As of March 31, 2009, $150,000,000 was available for borrowing and letters of credit on an unsecured basis and $68,660,000 was available for letters of credit on a secured basis under the credit facility.
 
 Liquidity Requirements
 
Our principal consolidated cash requirements are the payment of losses and LAE, commissions, brokerage, operating expenses, dividends to our common shareholders, the servicing of debt, capital expenditures, purchase of retrocessional contracts and payment of taxes.
 
Platinum Finance has outstanding $250,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Series B Notes due June 1, 2017, unconditionally guaranteed by Platinum Holdings.  Platinum Finance pays interest at a rate of 7.5% per annum on the Series B Notes on each June 1 and December 1.
 
Platinum Bermuda is not licensed, approved or accredited as a reinsurer anywhere in the United States and, therefore, under the terms of most of its contracts with U.S. ceding companies, it is required to provide collateral to its ceding companies for unpaid ceded liabilities in a form acceptable to state insurance commissioners.  Typically, this type of collateral takes the form of letters of credit issued by a bank, the establishment of a trust, or funds withheld.  Platinum Bermuda provides letters of credit through our credit facility and may be required to provide the banks with a security interest in certain investments of Platinum Bermuda.
 
 Capital Expenditures
 
We do not have any material commitments for capital expenditures as of March 31, 2009.
 
 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined for purposes of the United States’ Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules, which are not accounted for or disclosed in our consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2009.
 
 Contractual Obligations
 
There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations as disclosed under Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition – Contractual Obligations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
 Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q for a discussion of recently issued accounting standards.
 
 Note On Forward-Looking Statements
 
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”).  Forward-looking statements are based on our current plans or expectations that are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies.  These uncertainties and contingencies can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or on behalf of, us.  In particular, statements using words such as “may,” “should,” “estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “predict,” “potential,” or words of similar import generally involve forward-looking statements.
 
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The inclusion of forward-looking statements in this Form 10-Q should not be considered as a representation by us or any other person that our current plans or expectations will be achieved.  Numerous factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements, including the following:
 
 
severe catastrophic events over which we have no control;
 
 
the effectiveness of our loss limitation methods and pricing models;
 
 
the adequacy of our liability for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses;
 
 
our ability to maintain our A.M. Best Company, Inc. (“A.M. Best”) rating;
 
 
the cyclicality of the property and casualty reinsurance business;
 
 
the competitive environment in which we conduct operations;
 
 
our ability to maintain our business relationships with reinsurance brokers;
 
 
the availability of retrocessional reinsurance on acceptable terms;
 
 
market volatility and interest rate and currency exchange rate fluctuation;
 
 
tax, regulatory or legal restrictions or limitations applicable to us or the property and casualty reinsurance business generally;
 
 
general political and economic conditions, including the effects of civil unrest, acts of terrorism, war or a prolonged United States or global economic downturn or recession; and
 
 
changes in our plans, strategies, objectives, expectations or intentions, which may happen at any time at our discretion.
 
As a consequence, our future financial condition and results may differ from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of us.  The foregoing factors, which are discussed in more detail in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-Q and in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, should not be construed as exhaustive.  Additionally, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to revise or update forward-looking statements to reflect new information or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of future events.
 
ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
 Interest Rate, Credit and Liquidity Risks
 
Our principal invested assets are fixed maturity securities which are carried at fair value.  The principal risks that influence the fair value of our investment portfolio are interest rate risk, credit risk and liquidity risk.
 
Changes in overall interest rates, generally measured by changes in the yield on risk free investments such as U.S. Treasury securities, will influence the fair values of our fixed maturity securities portfolio.  Rising interest rates generally result in a decrease in the fair value of our fixed maturity securities portfolio; conversely, a decline in interest rates will generally result in an increase in the fair value of our fixed maturity securities portfolio.  Interest rate changes can also impact the timing of receipt of principal payments from mortgage-backed securities.
 
Credit risk is often measured by interest rate spreads representing the difference between the yield of a debt instrument and that of a U.S. Treasury security of similar maturity.  As the credit worthiness of a debt issuer declines, the interest rate spreads increase, which has the same effect on fair value as an increase in overall interest rates.  An increase or widening of interest rate spreads generally results in a decrease in the fair value of our fixed maturity securities portfolio.
 
The fair values of our investment portfolio are also influenced by liquidity in the financial markets.  When financial markets experience a reduction in liquidity, the ability to conduct orderly transactions is limited and may result in declines in fair values.
 
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The following table shows an aggregate hypothetical impact on the fair value of our fixed maturity securities portfolio as of March 31, 2009, resulting from an immediate parallel shift in the treasury yield curve ($ in thousands):

   
Interest Rate Shift in Basis Points
 
     
- 100 bp
     
- 50 bp
   
Current
     
+ 50 bp
     
+ 100 bp
 
                                       
Total market value
  $ 4,094,136       4,034,095       3,968,831       3,899,341     $ 3,824,993  
Percent change in market value
    3.2 %     1.6 %           (1.8 %)     (3.6 %)
Resulting unrealized appreciation (depreciation)
  $ (88,482 )     (148,523 )     (213,787 )     (283,277 )   $ (357,625 )
 
The net unrealized loss on our available-for-sale fixed maturity securities portfolio was $221,017,000 as of March 31, 2009.  Selling a security that is in an unrealized loss position may call into question our intent to hold other securities that are also in an unrealized loss position.  If we were to sell a portion of our securities in an unrealized loss position, we could be required to recognize the unrealized loss of the entire available-for-sale investment portfolio as a realized loss.
 
We have other receivable amounts subject to credit risk.  The most significant of these are reinsurance premiums receivable from ceding companies.  We also have reinsurance recoverable amounts from our retrocessionaires.  To mitigate credit risk related to reinsurance premiums receivable, we have established standards for ceding companies and, in most cases, have a contractual right of offset, thereby allowing us to settle claims net of any such reinsurance premiums receivable.  To mitigate credit risk related to our reinsurance recoverable amounts, we consider the financial strength of our retrocessionaires when determining whether to purchase coverage from them.  Retrocessional coverage is obtained from companies with a financial strength rating of “A-” or better by A.M. Best or from retrocessionaires whose obligations are fully collateralized for exposures where losses become known and are paid in a relatively short period of time.  The financial performance and rating status of all material retrocessionnaires are routinely monitored.
 
In accordance with industry practice, we frequently pay amounts in respect of claims under contracts to reinsurance brokers for payment over to the ceding companies.  In the event that a broker fails to make such a payment, depending on the jurisdiction, we may remain liable to the ceding company for the payment.  Conversely, in certain jurisdictions, when ceding companies remit premiums to reinsurance brokers, such premiums are deemed to have been paid to us and the ceding company is no longer liable to us for those amounts whether or not the funds are actually received by us.  Consequently, we assume a degree of credit risk associated with our brokers during the premium and loss settlement process.  To mitigate credit risk related to reinsurance brokers, we have established guidelines for brokers and intermediaries.
 
 Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
 
We operate on a worldwide basis and routinely transact business in various currencies other than the U.S. dollar.  Consequently, our principal exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk is the transaction of business in foreign currencies.  Changes in foreign currency exchange rates can impact revenues, costs, receivables and liabilities, as measured in the U.S. dollar, our financial reporting currency.  We manage our exposure to large foreign currency risks by holding invested assets denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies in amounts that generally offset liabilities denominated in the same foreign currencies.  We may from time to time hold more non-U.S. dollar denominated assets than non-U.S. dollar liabilities.
 
 Sources of Fair Value
 
The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our financial instruments as of March 31, 2009 ($ in thousands):

   
Carrying
Amount
   
Fair Value
 
             
Financial assets:
           
Fixed maturity securities
  $ 3,966,952     $ 3,966,952  
Preferred stocks
    1,879       1,879  
Short-term investments
    36,728       36,728  
                 
Financial liabilities:
               
Debt obligations
  $ 250,000     $ 170,000  
Derivative instruments
    4,689       4,689  
 
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The fair value of our fixed maturity securities, preferred stocks, short-term investments and debt obligations are based on prices obtained from independent sources for those or similar investments using quoted prices in active markets and standard market valuation pricing models.  We valued approximately 51% of our securities using prices obtained from index providers, 42% using prices obtained from pricing vendors, and 7% using prices obtained from broker-dealers.  The inputs used in index pricing may include, but are not limited to, benchmark yields, transactional data, broker-dealer quotes, security cash flows and structures, credit ratings, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates.  Standard inputs used by pricing vendors may include, but are not limited to, benchmark yields, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issuer spreads, bids, offers and industry and economic events.  Broker-dealers value securities through trading desks primarily based on observable inputs.  Our derivative instruments, which are included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet, are priced at fair value, primarily using unobservable inputs through the application of our own assumptions and internal valuation pricing models.
 
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
 Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based on that evaluation, our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and timely reported as specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
 
 Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
No changes occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2009 in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
 
The following are material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
Risks Related to Laws and Regulations
 
There are limitations on the ownership, transfer and voting rights of our common shares.
 
Under our Bye-laws, our directors are required to decline to issue, or register any transfer of shares that would result in a person owning, directly or beneficially, and in some cases indirectly through non-U.S. entities or constructively, 10% or more of the voting shares, or in the case of our two former principal shareholders owning, directly or beneficially, and in some cases indirectly through non-U.S. entities or constructively, 25% or more of such shares or of the total combined value of our issued shares.  The directors also may, in their discretion, repurchase shares and decline to register the transfer of any shares if they have reason to believe that the transfer may lead to adverse tax or regulatory consequences among other reasons.  We are authorized to request information from any holder or prospective acquirer of common shares as necessary to give effect to the issuance, transfer and repurchase restrictions referred to above, and may decline to effect any transaction if complete and accurate information is not received as requested.
 
In addition, our Bye-laws generally provide that any person owning, directly or beneficially, and in some cases indirectly through non-U.S. entities or constructively, common shares carrying 10% or more of the total voting rights attached to all of our outstanding common shares, will have the voting rights attached to such shares reduced so that it may not exercise 10% or more of such total voting rights of the common shares.  Because of the attribution provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules of the SEC regarding determination of beneficial ownership, this requirement may have the effect of reducing the voting rights of a shareholder whether or not such shareholder directly holds 10% or more of our common shares while other shareholders may have their voting rights increased.  Further, the directors have the authority to require from any shareholder certain information for the purpose of determining whether that shareholder's voting rights are to be reduced.  Failure to respond to such a notice, or submitting incomplete or inaccurate information, gives the directors discretion to disregard all votes attached to that shareholder's common shares.
 
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The insurance law of Maryland prevents any person from acquiring control of us or of Platinum US unless that person has filed a notification with specified information with the Maryland Insurance Commissioner and has obtained the Commissioner’s prior approval.  Under the Maryland statute, acquiring 10% or more of the voting stock of an insurance company or its parent company is presumptively considered a change of control, although such presumption may be rebutted.  Accordingly, any person who acquires, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the voting securities of Platinum Holdings without the prior approval of the Maryland Insurance Commissioner will be in violation of this law and may be subject to injunctive action requiring the disposition or seizure of those securities by the Maryland Insurance Commissioner or prohibiting the voting of those securities and to other actions determined by the Maryland Insurance Commissioner.  In addition, many U.S. state insurance laws require prior notification of state insurance departments of a change in control of a non-domiciliary insurance company doing business in that state.  While these pre-notification statutes do not authorize the state insurance departments to disapprove the change in control, they authorize regulatory action in the affected state if particular conditions exist such as undue market concentration.  Any future transactions that would constitute a change in control of Platinum Holdings may require prior notification in those states that have adopted pre-acquisition notification laws.
 
Common shares may be offered or sold in Bermuda only in compliance with the provisions of the Investment Business Act 2003 of Bermuda.  In addition, sales of common shares to persons resident in Bermuda for Bermuda exchange control purposes may require the prior approval of the Bermuda Monetary Authority (the “Authority”).  Consent under the Exchange Control Act 1972 (and its related regulations) has been obtained from the Authority for the issue and transfer of the common shares between non-residents of Bermuda for exchange control purposes, provided our shares remain listed on an appointed stock exchange, which includes the NYSE.  In giving such consent, neither the Authority nor the Registrar of Companies accepts any responsibility for the financial soundness of any proposal or for the correctness of any of the statements made or opinions expressed herein or therein.
 
The foregoing provisions of our Bye-laws and legal restrictions will have the effect of rendering more difficult or discouraging unsolicited takeover bids from third parties or the removal of incumbent management.

ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
 
(c)           Following is a summary of purchases by us of our common shares during the three month period ended March 31, 2009:

Period
 
(a)
Total Number of Shares Purchased
   
(b)
Average Price paid per Share
   
(c)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs*
   
(d)
Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan or Programs
 
                         
January 1, 2009 – January 31, 2009
        $           $ 243,837,782  
February 1, 2009 – February 28, 2009
    210,000       28.36       210,000       237,881,754  
March 1, 2009 – March 31, 2009
    2,041,804       26.51       2,041,804       183,747,182  
Total
    2,251,804     $ 26.69       2,251,804     $ 183,747,182  
 
* On August 4, 2004, our board of directors established a program authorizing the repurchase of our common shares.  Since that date, our board of directors has approved increases in the repurchase program from time to time, most recently on April 30, 2009, to result in authority as of such date to repurchase up to a total of $250,000,000 of our common shares.
 
ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number
 
Description
     
  10.1 *
Amended and Restated Share Unit Plan for Nonemployee Directors.
  31.1  
Certification of Michael D. Price, Chief Executive Officer of Platinum Holdings, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act.
  31.2  
Certification of James A. Krantz, Chief Financial Officer of Platinum Holdings, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act.
  32.1  
Certification of Michael D. Price, Chief Executive Officer of Platinum Holdings, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  32.2  
Certification of James A. Krantz, Chief Financial Officer of Platinum Holdings, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

*   Items denoted with an asterisk represent management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.
 
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
Platinum Underwriters Holdings, Ltd.
   

Date: April 30, 2009
/s/  Michael D. Price
 
By: Michael D. Price
 
President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Date: April 30, 2009
/s/  James A. Krantz
 
By: James A. Krantz
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 

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