Edgar Filing: TWIN DISC INC

twin20171231_10q.htm

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarter ended December 29, 2017

Commission File Number 1-7635

TWIN DISC, INCORPORATED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Wisconsin	39-0667110
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)

1328 Racine Street, Racine, Wisconsin 53403

(Address of principal executive offices)

(262) 638-4000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes √ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes √ No__

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large Accelerated Filer	Accelerated Filer √
Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company___	Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. __

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes No √

At February 2, 2018, the registrant had 11,584,892 shares of its common stock outstanding.

Part I.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

TWIN DISC, INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)

(UNAUDITED)

	December 29, 2017			June 30, 2017

ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash	$	15,766		$	16,367
Trade accounts receivable, net		29,214			31,392
Inventories		74,037			66,193
Prepaid expenses		7,683			8,295
Other		7,979			7,187
Total current assets		134,679			129,434

Property, plant and equipment, net		47,820			48,212
Deferred income taxes		21,462			24,198
Goodwill, net		2,759			2,585
Intangible assets, net		2,032			2,009
Other assets		4,434			4,460

Total assets	$	213,186		$	210,898

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	23,404		$	21,301
Accrued liabilities		23,335			23,222
Total current liabilities		46,739			44,523

Long-term debt		4,684			6,323
Accrued retirement benefits		30,463			33,706
Deferred income taxes		976			1,011
Other long-term liabilities		1,675			1,768

Total liabilities		84,537			87,331

Commitments and contingencies (Note D)

Equity:
Twin Disc shareholders' equity:
Preferred shares authorized: 200,000; issued: none; no par value		-			-
Common shares authorized: 30,000,000; issued: 13,099,468; no par value		10,086			10,429
Retained earnings		168,646			169,368
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(27,427	)		(32,671	)
		151,305			147,126
Less treasury stock, at cost (1,514,576 and 1,580,335 shares, respectively)		23,199			24,205

Total Twin Disc shareholders' equity		128,106			122,921

Noncontrolling interest		543			646

Total equity		128,649			123,567

Total liabilities and equity	$	213,186		$	210,898

The notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

TWIN DISC, INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)

(UNAUDITED)

For the Quarter Ended

For the Two Quarters Ended

December 29, 2017

December 30, 2016

December 29, 2017

December 30, 2016

Net sales

56,546

33,672

101,611

69,507

Cost of goods sold

38,420

24,723

69,590

51,385

Gross profit

18,126

8,949

32,021

18,122

Marketing, engineering and administrative expenses

15,268

12,560

28,936

25,035

Restructuring expenses

831

816

2,049

1,074

Income (loss) from operations

2,027

(4,427

)

1,036

(7,987

)

Interest expense

122

147

175

Other expense (income), net

(456

)

268

(346

)

152

(334

)

415

(171

)

Income (loss) before income taxes and noncontrolling interest

1,875

(4,093

)

621

(7,816

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

5,925

(1,201

)

1,267

(2,253

)

Net loss

(4,050

)

(2,892

)

(646

)

(5,563

)

Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest, net of tax

(63

)

(20

)

(76

)

(45

)

Net loss attributable to Twin Disc

(4,113

)

(2,912

)

(722

)

(5,608

)

Loss per share data:

Basic loss per share attributable to Twin Disc common shareholders

(0.36

)

(0.26

)

(0.06

)

(0.50

)

Diluted loss per share attributable to Twin Disc common shareholders

(0.36

)

(0.26

)

(0.06

)

(0.50

)

Weighted average shares outstanding data:

Basic shares outstanding

11,297

11,242

11,278

11,231

Diluted shares outstanding

11,297

11,242

11,278

11,231

Comprehensive (loss) income:

Net loss

(4,050

)

(2,892

)

(646

)

(5,563

)

Benefit plan adjustments, net of income taxes of $674, $399, $952 and $798, respectively

1,734

750

2,208

1,422

Foreign currency translation adjustment

488

(4,198

)

3,029

(3,515

)

Comprehensive (loss) income

(1,828

)

(6,340

)

4,591

(7,656

)

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest

(62

)

(31

)

(69

)

(112

)

Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Twin Disc

(1,890

)

(6,371

)

4,522

(7,768

)

The notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

TWIN DISC, INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(IN THOUSANDS)

(UNAUDITED)

	For the Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net loss	$	(646	)	$	(5,563	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided (used) by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		3,263			3,680
Restructuring expenses		162			174
Provision for deferred income taxes		1,613			(2,580	)
Stock compensation expense and other non-cash changes, net		1,064			720
Net change in operating assets and liabilities		(1,644	)		1,130

Net cash provided (used) by operating activities		3,812			(2,439	)

Cash flows from investing activities:

Acquisitions of fixed assets		(3,013	)		(1,094	)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets		79			9
Other, net		(129	)		(129	)

Net cash used by investing activities		(3,063	)		(1,214	)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Borrowings under revolving loan agreement		35,315			26,948
Repayments under revolving loan agreement		(36,957	)		(27,666	)
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest		(172	)		(109	)
Tax shortfall from stock compensation		-			(153	)
Payments of withholding taxes on stock compensation		(400	)		(140	)

Net cash used by financing activities		(2,214	)		(1,120	)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		864			(509	)

Net change in cash		(601	)		(5,282	)

Cash:
Beginning of period		16,367			18,273

End of period	$	15,766		$	12,991

The notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

TWIN DISC, INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)

(UNAUDITED)

A.	Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Twin Disc, Incorporated (the “Company”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and, in the opinion of the Company, include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring items, necessary for a fair statement of results for each period. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such SEC rules and regulations. The Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. It is suggested that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for June 30, 2017. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

New Accounting Releases

In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance (ASU 2017-07) intended to improve the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement cost. This guidance requires that an employer report the service costs component in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the statement of operations separately from the service cost component and outside the subtotal of income from operations. The amendments in this guidance are effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017, (the Company’s fiscal 2019), with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on the Company’s financial statements and disclosures.

In October 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance (ASU 2016-16) that changes the recognition of income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. The amendments in this guidance are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017 (the Company’s fiscal 2019), with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on the Company’s financial statements and disclosures.

In August 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance (ASU 2016-15) that addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The amendments in this guidance are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017 (the Company’s fiscal 2019), with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on the Company’s financial statements and disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance (ASU 2016-09) intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. As a result of the adoption, excess tax benefits or deficiencies associated with stock-based compensation award activity are recognized in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations. In addition, excess tax benefits associated with award activity is reported as cash flows from operating activities along with all other income tax cash flows. The Company has elected to apply this classification change on a prospective basis. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance (ASU 2016-02) which replaces the existing guidance for leases. The new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (the Company’s fiscal 2020), including interim periods within those fiscal years and requires retrospective application.

In preparation for the adoption of this guidance, the Company gathered all active lease contracts from all its locations to assess whether or not they meet the definition of a lease under the new guidance, specifically, whether there is an identified asset in the contract, and whether or not control thereof lies with the Company. The Company assessed the practical expedients that are allowed under the guidance, including the exclusion of lease contracts with terms of twelve months or less. It assessed each contract for the appropriate lease payment components, discount rate, lease terms (dependent on renewal options) and compiled a preliminary calculation of the right-of-use assets and operating lease liability amounts that would be recognized on the Company’s balance sheet upon adoption of the guidance.

The Company is continuing its assessment, including the potential operational process changes as a result of the new guidance. It plans to early-adopt the guidance, using the modified retrospective approach, to coincide with its adoption of the new revenue recognition guidance, which is the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

In July 2015, the FASB issued guidance (ASU 2015-11) intended to simplify the measurement of inventory and to closely align with International Financial Reporting Standards. Current guidance requires inventories to be measured at the lower of cost or market. Under this new guidance, inventories other than those measured under last in first out (“LIFO”) are to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The Company adopted this guidance, prospectively, in the first fiscal quarter of 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the Company's financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued updated guidance (ASU 2014-09) on revenue from contracts with customers. This revenue recognition guidance supersedes existing guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of control over promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance identifies steps to apply in achieving this principle. This updated guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017 (the Company’s first quarter of fiscal 2019).

In preparation for the adoption of this guidance, the Company gathered customer contracts and customer purchase orders of its various locations to assess whether there are separate and distinct performance obligations, as defined by ASU 2014-09, within these agreements. The assessment has included interviews with various functions, including sales, engineering, customer service, and finance, to further analyze those performance obligations, both explicit and implicit (particularly as they relate to services). Under this ASU, revenue is recognized when or as each performance obligation is satisfied. Based upon the preliminary findings, the Company has identified indicators that suggest a deferral of revenue may be required for certain agreements where the performance of services after product delivery may be required. In certain agreements where the products are built to customer specifications, revenue may need to be accelerated. The Company is continuing its assessment, including whether or not these obligations are perfunctory or material to the financial statements. It plans to adopt the guidance, using the modified retrospective approach, on the effective date applicable to the Company, which is the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

B.	Inventories

The major classes of inventories were as follows:

	December 29, 2017		June 30, 2017
Inventories:
Finished parts	$	49,052	$	45,829
Work in process		10,141		8,358
Raw materials		14,844		12,006
	$	74,037	$	66,193

C.	Warranty

The Company engages in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of its suppliers. However, its warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, the number of units affected by the failure and the expense involved in satisfactorily addressing the situation. The warranty reserve is established based on our best estimate of the amounts necessary to settle future and existing claims on products sold as of the balance sheet date. When evaluating the adequacy of the reserve for warranty costs, management takes into consideration the term of the warranty coverage, historical claim rates and costs of repair, knowledge of the type and volume of new products and economic trends. While we believe the warranty reserve is adequate and that the judgment applied is appropriate, such amounts estimated to be due and payable in the future could differ materially from what actually transpires. The following is a listing of the activity in the warranty reserve for the quarter and two quarters ended December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016:

	For the Quarter Ended						For the Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016			December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016
Reserve balance, beginning of period	$	2,326		$	3,036		$	2,062		$	3,607
Current period expense		723			61			1,381			243
Payments or credits to customers		(589	)		(506	)		(1,022	)		(1,268	)
Translation		7			(49	)		46			(40	)
Reserve balance, end of period	$	2,467		$	2,542		$	2,467		$	2,542

The current portion of the warranty accrual ($2,032 and $2,063 as of December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, respectively) is reflected in accrued liabilities, while the long-term portion ($435 and $479 as of December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, respectively) is included in other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

D.	Contingencies

The Company is involved in litigation of which the ultimate outcome and liability to the Company, if any, is not presently determinable. Management believes that final disposition of such litigation will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

E.	Business Segments

The Company and its subsidiaries are engaged in the manufacture and sale of marine and heavy-duty off-highway power transmission equipment. Principal products include marine transmissions, surface drives, propellers and boat management systems, as well as power-shift transmissions, hydraulic torque converters, power take-offs, industrial clutches and controls systems. The Company sells to both domestic and foreign customers in a variety of market areas, principally pleasure craft, commercial and military marine markets, as well as in the energy and natural resources, government and industrial markets.

The Company has two reportable segments: manufacturing and distribution. Its segment structure reflects the way management makes operating decisions and manages the growth and profitability of the business. It also corresponds with management’s approach of allocating resources and assessing the performance of its segments. The accounting practices of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Transfers among segments are at established inter-company selling prices. Management evaluates the performance of its segments based on net earnings.

Information about the Company’s segments is summarized as follows:

	For the Quarter Ended						For the Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016			December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016
Net sales
Manufacturing segment sales	$	48,580		$	29,472		$	88,453		$	59,971
Distribution segment sales		21,336			14,291			38,998			29,686
Inter/Intra segment elimination – manufacturing		(9,489	)		(8,229	)		(19,821	)		(16,355	)
Inter/Intra segment elimination – distribution		(3,881	)		(1,862	)		(6,019	)		(3,795	)
	$	56,546		$	33,672		$	101,611		$	69,507
Net income (loss) attributable to Twin Disc
Manufacturing segment net income (loss)	$	123		$	(1,459	)	$	5,190		$	(2,879	)
Distribution segment net income		387			496			1,056			767
Corporate and eliminations		(4,623	)		(1,949	)		(6,968	)		(3,496	)
	$	(4,113	)	$	(2,912	)	$	(722	)	$	(5,608	)

Assets	December 29, 2017			June 30, 2017
Manufacturing segment assets	$	229,835		$	222,136
Distribution segment assets		51,557			50,418
Corporate assets and elimination of intercompany assets		(68,206	)		(61,656	)
	$	213,186		$	210,898

F.	Stock-Based Compensation

Performance Stock Awards (“PSA”)

During the first half of fiscal 2018 and 2017, the Company granted a target number of 54.9 and 109.6 PSAs, respectively, to various employees of the Company, including executive officers. The fiscal 2018 PSAs will vest if the Company achieves performance-based target objectives relating to average return on invested capital, average annual sales and average annual Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) (as defined in the PSA Grant Agreement), in the cumulative three fiscal year period ending June 30, 2020. These PSAs are subject to adjustment if the Company’s return on invested capital, net sales, and EPS for the period falls below or exceeds the specified target objective, and the maximum number of performance shares that can be awarded if the target objective is exceeded is 82.3. Based upon favorable actual results to date, the Company is currently accruing compensation expense for these PSAs.

The fiscal 2017 PSAs will vest if the Company achieves performance-based target objectives relating to average return on invested capital, average annual sales and average annual EPS (as defined in the PSA Grant Agreement), in the cumulative three fiscal year period ending June 30, 2019. These PSAs are subject to adjustment if the Company’s return on invested capital, net sales, and EPS for the period falls below or exceeds the specified target objective, and the maximum number of performance shares that can be awarded if the target objective is exceeded is 164.4. Based upon actual results to date and the low probability of achieving the threshold performance levels, the Company is currently not accruing compensation expense for these PSAs.

There were 224.9 and 181.8 unvested PSAs outstanding at December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, respectively. The fair value of the PSAs (on the date of grant) is expensed over the performance period for the shares that are expected to ultimately vest. Compensation expense of $121 and $15 was recognized for the quarters ended December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, respectively, related to PSAs. Compensation expense of $136 and $30 was recognized for the two quarters ended December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, respectively, related to PSAs. The weighted average grant date fair value of the unvested awards at December 29, 2017 was $13.45. At December 29, 2017, the Company had $2,775 of unrecognized compensation expense related to the unvested shares that would vest if the specified target objective was achieved for the fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016 awards. The total fair value of PSAs vested as of December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016 was $0.

Restricted Stock Awards (“RS”)

The Company has unvested RS awards outstanding that will vest if certain service conditions are fulfilled. The fair value of the RS grants is recorded as compensation expense over the vesting period, which is generally 1 to 3 years. During the first half of fiscal 2018 and 2017, the Company granted 85.3 and 181.8 service based restricted shares, respectively, to employees and non-employee directors. There were 272.4 and 269.6 unvested shares outstanding at December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, respectively. Compensation expense of $464 and $370 was recognized for the quarters ended December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, respectively. Compensation expense of $927 and $696 was recognized for the two quarters ended December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, respectively. The total fair value of restricted stock grants vested as of December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016 was $1,758 and $587, respectively. As of December 29, 2017, the Company had $2,195 of unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock which will be recognized over the next three years.

G.	Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans

The Company has non-contributory, qualified defined benefit plans covering substantially all domestic employees hired prior to October 1, 2003 and certain foreign employees. Additionally, the Company provides health care and life insurance benefits for certain domestic retirees. The components of the net periodic benefit cost for the defined benefit pension plans and the other postretirement benefit plan are as follows:

	For the Quarter Ended						For the Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016			December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016
Pension Benefits:
Service cost	$	241		$	259		$	503		$	480
Interest cost		1,062			1,118			2,136			2,243
Expected return on plan assets		(1,516	)		(1,457	)		(3,041	)		(2,899	)
Amortization of transition obligation		9			9			18			18
Amortization of prior service cost		1			1			2			2
Amortization of actuarial net loss		759			899			1,518			1,798
Net periodic benefit cost	$	556		$	829		$	1,136		$	1,642

Postretirement Benefits:
Service cost	$	5		$	6		$	10		$	12
Interest cost		77			122			169			244
Amortization of actuarial net loss		(59	)		182			(56	)		364
Net periodic benefit cost	$	23		$	310		$	123		$	620

The Company expects to contribute approximately $2,265 to its pension plans in fiscal 2018. As of December 29, 2017, the amount of $1,043 in contributions has been made.

The Company has reclassified $1,734 (net of $674 in taxes) of benefit plan adjustments from accumulated other comprehensive loss during the quarter ended December 29, 2017, and $750 (net of $399 in taxes) during the quarter ended December 30, 2016. The Company has reclassified $2,208 (net of $952 in taxes) of benefit plan adjustments from accumulated other comprehensive loss during the two quarters ended December 29, 2017, and $1,422 (net of $798 in taxes) during the two quarters ended December 30, 2016. These reclassifications are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost.

H.	Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law in the United States. The Tax Act, among other provisions, introduces changes in the U.S. corporate tax rate, business related exclusions and deductions and credits, and has tax consequences for companies that operate internationally. Most of the changes introduced in the Tax Act are effective beginning on January 1, 2018; however, as the Company has a fiscal year end of June 30, the effective dates for the Company are various and different.

For the two quarters ended December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016, the Company’s effective income tax rate was 204.0% and 28.8%, respectively. During the current fiscal quarter, in compliance with the new Tax Act, the Company recorded a tax expense of $4,565, primarily due to a remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities; this increased the effective tax rate by 735.1%. The Company has determined that the impact of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate change on the U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities is provisional because the number cannot be calculated until the actual timing differences are known at year end rather than estimated this quarter. The first quarter release of a valuation allowance in a certain foreign jurisdiction of $3,803 reduced the effective tax rate by 612.4%. The mix of earnings by jurisdiction and continued operational improvement coupled with increased tax preference items resulted in a minimal impact to the overall effective tax rate.

Within the calculation of the Company’s annual effective tax rate the Company has used assumptions and estimates that may change as a result of future guidance, interpretation, and rule-making from the Internal Revenue Service, the SEC, and the FASB and/or various other taxing jurisdictions. For example, the Company anticipates that the state jurisdictions will continue to determine and announce their conformity to the Tax Act which could have an impact on the annual effective tax rate.

The following table sets forth the tax expense and the effective tax rate for the Company’s earnings before income taxes:

	For the Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	621		$	(7,816	)
Income tax expense (benefit)		1,267			(2,253	)
Effective tax rate		204.0	%		28.8	%

The permanent reduction to the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% is effective January 1, 2018 (the “Effective Date”). When a U.S. federal tax rate change occurs during a fiscal year, taxpayers are required to compute a weighted daily average rate for the fiscal year of enactment. As a result of the Tax Act, the Company has calculated a U.S. federal statutory corporate income tax rate of 27.6% for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2018 and applied this rate in computing the first half of fiscal year 2018 income tax provision. The U.S. federal statutory corporate income tax rate of 27.6% is the weighted daily average rate between the pre-enactment U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 34% applicable to the Company’s 2018 fiscal year prior to the Effective Date and the post-enactment U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% applicable to the 2018 fiscal year thereafter. The Company expects the U.S. federal statutory rate to be 21% for fiscal years beginning after June 30, 2018.

The Company completed a provisional calculation to determine the impact of a one-time repatriation tax on deferred foreign income (“Transition Tax”), as required by the Tax Act. The Company determined that the calculation is provisional because various components of the computation are unknown as of December 29, 2017, including the following significant items: exchange rates for fiscal year 2018, the actual aggregate foreign cash position and the earnings and profits of the foreign entities as of the two measurement dates. This provisional calculation resulted in a zero tax liability, therefore no tax accrual was necessary. The Company has not provided for additional U.S. income taxes on cumulative earnings of consolidated foreign subsidiaries. With the enactment of the Transition Tax, any future dividends repatriated would benefit from the 100% Dividends Received Deduction. The company reaffirms its position that the earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries remain permanently reinvested. An analysis was also completed to verify the future utilization of tax attributes and it was determined that full utilization would be realized and no valuation allowance was required.

The Company continues to review the anticipated impacts of the global intangible low taxed income (“GILTI”), a deduction for foreign-derived intangible income ("FDII") and base erosion anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”) on the Company, which are not effective until fiscal 2019. The Company has not recorded any impact associated with GILTI, FDII or BEAT in the tax rate for the first half of fiscal 2018. A provisional analysis of the new BEAT rules has been completed and it is not anticipated that the Company will meet the minimum thresholds, nor is it anticipated that it will for the foreseeable future and is therefore not subject to this tax. Initial provisional estimates of the impact of GILTI and FDII have also been completed and minimal impact is anticipated. These estimates may be impacted by actual future data, additional guidance or other unforeseen circumstances.

On December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 (“SAB 118”). SAB 118 expresses views of the SEC regarding ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) in the reporting period that includes the enactment date of the Tax Act. The SEC staff issuing SAB 118 (the “Staff”) recognized that a registrant’s review of certain income tax effects of the Tax Act may be incomplete at the time financial statements are issued for the reporting period that includes the enactment date, including interim periods therein. The Staff’s view of the enactment of the Tax Act has been developed considering the principles of ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, which addresses the accounting for certain items in a business combination for which the accounting is incomplete upon issuance of the financial statements that include the reporting period in which the business combination occurs. Specifically, the Staff provides that the accounting guidance in ASC Topic 805 may be analogized to the accounting for impacts of the Tax Act. If a company does not have the necessary information available, prepared or analyzed for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act, SAB 118 allows a company to report provisional numbers and adjust those amounts during the measurement period not to extend beyond one year. For the two quarters ended December 29, 2017, the Company has recorded all known and estimable impacts of the Tax Act that are effective for fiscal year 2018. Future adjustments to the provisional numbers will be recorded as discrete adjustments to income tax expense in the period in which those adjustments become estimable and/or are finalized.

Accordingly, the Company’s income tax provision as of December 29, 2017 reflects (i) the current year impacts of the Tax Act on the estimated annual effective tax rate and (ii) the following discrete items resulting directly from the enactment of the Tax Act based on the information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail.

	For the Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017
Transition Tax (provisional)	$	-
Net impact on U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities (provisional)		(4,565	)
Net discrete impacts of the enactment of the Tax Act	$	(4,565	)

The Company maintains valuation allowances when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Changes in valuation allowances from period to period are included in the tax provision in the period of change. In determining whether a valuation allowance is required, the Company takes into account such factors as prior earnings history, expected future earnings, carry-back and carry-forward periods, and tax strategies that could potentially enhance the likelihood of realization of a deferred tax asset. Due to operational changes, the Company has evaluated the realizability of the net deferred tax assets related to a certain foreign jurisdiction. Based on this evaluation, along with expected future earnings, management has concluded that the valuation allowance is no longer appropriate and it was released during the first quarter of fiscal 2018.

Accounting policies for interim reporting require the Company to adjust its effective tax rate each quarter to be consistent with the estimated annual effective tax rate. Under this effective tax rate methodology, the Company applies an estimated annual income tax rate to its year-to-date ordinary earnings to derive its income tax provision each quarter.

The Company has approximately $856 of unrecognized tax benefits, including related interest and penalties, as of December 29, 2017 which, if recognized, would favorably impact the effective tax rate. There was no significant change in the total unrecognized tax benefits due to the settlement of audits, the expiration of statutes of limitations or for other items during the quarter ended December 29, 2017. It appears possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits could change in the next twelve months due to on-going audit activity.

Annually, the Company files income tax returns in various taxing jurisdictions inside and outside the United States. In general, the tax years that remain subject to examination are 2011 through 2017 for the major operations in Italy, Canada, Belgium, and Japan. The tax years open to examination in the U.S. are for years subsequent to fiscal 2015. The state of Wisconsin income tax audit remains ongoing for the fiscal years 2010 through 2013. During the quarter the company finalized a US Federal Income tax audit for the fiscal year 2015 with no adjustment. It is reasonably possible that other audit cycles will be completed during fiscal 2018.

I.	Goodwill and Other Intangibles

The Company reviews goodwill for impairment on a reporting unit basis annually as of the end of the fiscal year, and whenever events or circumstances (“triggering events”) indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable. The Company monitors for interim triggering events on an ongoing basis. Such triggering events include unfavorable operating results and macroeconomic trends.

The fair value of reporting units is primarily driven by projected growth rates and operating results under the income approach using a discounted cash flow model, which applies an appropriate market-participant discount rate, and consideration of other market approach data from guideline public companies. If declining actual operating results or future operating results become indicative that the fair value of the Company’s reporting units has declined below their carrying values, an interim goodwill impairment test may need to be performed and may result in a non-cash goodwill impairment charge.

As of December 29, 2017 and June 30, 2017, goodwill pertains solely to the European Industrial reporting unit.

For the quarter ended December 29, 2017, the Company performed a review of potential triggering events, and concluded there were no triggering events that indicated that the fair value of its European Industrial reporting unit had not more likely than not declined to below its carrying value at December 29, 2017. The Company will perform its annual impairment test for this reporting unit as of June 30, 2018.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are summarized as follows:

	Net Book Value Rollforward
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Impairment			Net Book Value
Balance at June 30, 2017	$	16,407	$	(13,822	)	$	2,585
Translation adjustment		174		-			174
Balance at December 29, 2017	$	16,581	$	(13,822	)	$	2,759

At December 29, 2017, the following acquired intangible assets have definite useful lives and are subject to amortization:

	Net Book Value Rollforward								Net Book Value By Asset Type
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization / Impairment			Net Book Value			Licensing agreements			Trade Name			Other
Balance at June 30, 2017	$	13,436	$	(11,632	)	$	1,804		$	390		$	1,319		$	95
Addition		19		-			19			-			-			19
Amortization		-		(89	)		(89	)		(30	)		(43	)		(16	)
Translation adjustment		94		-			94			-			87			7
Balance at December 29, 2017	$	13,549	$	(11,721	)	$	1,828		$	360		$	1,363		$	105

The weighted average remaining useful life of the intangible assets included in the table above is approximately 13 years.

Intangible amortization expense was $45 and $42 for the quarters ended December 29, 2017, and December 30, 2016, respectively. Intangible amortization expense was $89 and $85 for the two quarters ended December 29, 2017, and December 30, 2016, respectively. Estimated intangible amortization expense for the remainder of fiscal 2018 and each of the next five fiscal years is as follows:

Fiscal Year
2018	$	101
2019		187
2020		173
2021		158
2022		151
2023		150

The gross carrying amount of the Company’s intangible assets that have indefinite lives and are not subject to amortization as of December 29, 2017 and June 30, 2017 was $204 and $205, respectively. These assets are comprised of acquired trade names.

J.	Long-term Debt

Long-term debt at December 29, 2017 and June 30, 2017 consisted of the following:

	December 29, 2017		June 30, 2017
Revolving loan	$	4,645	$	6,285
Other		39		38
Subtotal		4,684		6,323
Less: current maturities and short-term borrowings		-		-
Total long-term debt	$	4,684	$	6,323

The revolving loan agreement pertains to the revolving loan facility which the Company entered into on April 22, 2016 with Bank of Montreal (the “BMO Agreement”). The BMO Agreement is secured by substantially all of the Company’s personal property, including accounts receivable, inventory, and certain machinery and equipment of its primary manufacturing facility in Racine, Wisconsin, and the personal property of Mill-Log Equipment Co., Inc., a wholly-owned domestic subsidiary of the Company. The BMO Agreement provides for a borrowing base calculation to determine borrowing capacity. This capacity will be based upon eligible domestic inventory, eligible accounts receivable and machinery and equipment, subject to certain adjustments. As of December 29, 2017, the Company’s borrowing capacity under the terms of the BMO Agreement was approximately $28,588, and the Company had approximately $23,128 of available borrowings. As of December 29, 2017, the interest rate under this agreement was 3.11%.

The Company’s revolving loan agreement approximates fair value at December 29, 2017 and June 30, 2017. If measured at fair value in the financial statements, long-term debt (including the current portion) would be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

K.	Shareholders’ Equity

The Company from time to time makes open market purchases of its common stock under authorizations given to it by the Board of Directors, of which 315 shares as of December 29, 2017 remain authorized for purchase. The Company did not make any open market purchases of its shares during the quarter and two quarters ended December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016.

The following is a reconciliation of the Company’s equity balances for the first two fiscal quarters of 2018 and 2017:

	Twin Disc, Inc. Shareholders’ Equity
							Accumulated
							Other						Non-
	Common			Retained			Comprehensive			Treasury			Controlling			Total
	Stock			Earnings			Income (Loss)			Stock			Interest			Equity
Balance, June 30, 2017	$	10,429		$	169,368		$	(32,671	)	$	(24,205	)	$	646		$	123,567
Net (loss) income					(722	)								76			(646	)
Translation adjustments								3,036						(7	)		3,029
Benefit plan adjustments, net of tax								2,208									2,208
Cash dividends														(172	)		(172	)
Compensation expense		1,063															1,063
Shares (acquired) issued, net		(1,406	)								1,006						(400	)
Balance, December 29, 2017	$	10,086		$	168,646		$	(27,427	)	$	(23,199	)	$	543		$	128,649

	Twin Disc, Inc. Shareholders’ Equity
							Accumulated
							Other						Non-
	Common			Retained			Comprehensive			Treasury			Controlling			Total
	Stock			Earnings			Income (Loss)			Stock			Interest			Equity
Balance, June 30, 2016	$	11,761		$	175,662		$	(44,143	)	$	(26,790	)	$	563		$	117,053
Net (loss) income					(5,608	)								45			(5,563	)
Translation adjustments								(3,581	)					66			(3,515	)
Benefit plan adjustments, net of tax								1,422									1,422
Cash dividends														(109	)		(109	)
Compensation expense and
tax shortfall		573															573
Shares (acquired) issued, net		(2,725	)								2,585						(140	)
Balance, December 30, 2016	$	9,609		$	170,054		$	(46,302	)	$	(24,205	)	$	565		$	109,721

Reconciliations for the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component for the quarters ended September 29, and December 29, 2017, and September 30, and December 30, 2016 are as follows:

	Translation		Benefit Plan
	Adjustment		Adjustment
Balance at June 30, 2017	$	6,130	$	(38,801	)
Translation adjustment during the quarter		2,547		-
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-		474
Net current period other comprehensive income		2,547		474
Balance at September 29, 2017	$	8,677	$	(38,327	)
Translation adjustment during the quarter		489		-
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		-		1,695
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-		39
Net current period other comprehensive income		489		1,734
Balance at December 29, 2017	$	9,166	$	(36,593	)

	Translation			Benefit Plan
	Adjustment			Adjustment
Balance at June 30, 2016	$	5,158		$	(49,301	)
Translation adjustment during the quarter		627			-
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-			672
Net current period other comprehensive income		627			672
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	5,785		$	(48,629	)
Translation adjustment during the quarter		(4,208	)		-
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-			750
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income		(4,208	)		750
Balance at December 30, 2016	$	1,577		$	(47,879	)

Reconciliation for the changes in benefit plan adjustments, net of tax for the quarter and two quarters ended December 29, 2017 are as follows:

	Amount Reclassified			Amount Reclassified
	Quarter Ended			Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017			December 29, 2017
Changes in benefit plan items
Actuarial losses	$	703	(a)	$	1,445	(a)
Transition asset and prior service benefit		10	(a)		20	(a)
Total amortization		713			1,465
Other benefit plan adjustments		(1,695	)		(1,695	)
Income taxes		674			952
Total reclassification net of tax	$	1,734		$	2,208

(a)

These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note G "Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans" for further details).

Reconciliation for the changes in benefit plan adjustments, net of tax for the quarter and two quarters ended December 30, 2016 is as follows:

	Amount Reclassified			Amount Reclassified
	Quarter Ended			Two Quarters Ended
	December 30, 2016			December 30, 2016
Changes in benefit plan items
Actuarial losses	$	1,139	(a)	$	2,200	(a)
Transition asset and prior service benefit		10	(a)		20	(a)
Total amortization		1,149			2,220
Income taxes		399			798
Total reclassification net of tax	$	750		$	1,422

(a)

These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note G "Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans" for further details).

L.	Restructuring of Operations

The Company has implemented various restructuring programs in response to unfavorable macroeconomic trends in certain of the Company’s markets since the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. These programs primarily involved the reduction of workforce in several of the Company’s manufacturing locations, under a combination of voluntary and involuntary programs.

During the current year, the Company implemented additional actions to reduce personnel costs in its Belgian operations and reorganize for productivity in its European operations. These actions, together with the costs associated with the India manufacturing operations exit, resulted in a restructuring charge of $831 and $2,049 in the quarter and two quarters ended December 29, 2017, respectively. For the quarter and two quarters ended December 30, 2016, restructuring charges of $816 and $1,074, respectively, pertained to the elimination of full-time positions in the Company’s U.S., Belgian and Italian manufacturing operations.

Restructuring activities since June 2015 have resulted in the elimination of 163 full-time employees in the manufacturing segment. Accumulated costs to date under these programs within the manufacturing segment through December 29, 2017 were $7,924.

The following is a rollforward of restructuring activity:

Accrued restructuring liability, June 30, 2017	$	92
Additions during the year		2,049
Payments and adjustments		(2,127	)
Accrued restructuring liability, December 29, 2017	$	14

M.	Earnings Per Share

The Company calculates basic earnings per share based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, while the calculation of diluted earnings per share includes the dilutive effect of potential common shares outstanding during the period. The calculation of diluted earnings per share excludes all potential common shares if their inclusion would have an anti-dilutive effect. Restricted stock award recipients have a non-forfeitable right to receive dividends declared by the Company, and are therefore included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method.

The components of basic and diluted loss per share were as follows:

	For the Quarter Ended						For the Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016			December 29, 2017			December 30, 2016
Basic:
Net loss	$	(4,050	)	$	(2,892	)	$	(646	)	$	(5,563	)
Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest		(63	)		(20	)		(76	)		(45	)
Less: Undistributed earnings attributable to unvested shares		-			-			-			-
Net loss available to Twin Disc shareholders		(4,113	)		(2,912	)		(722	)		(5,608	)

Weighted average shares outstanding - basic		11,297			11,242			11,278			11,231

Basic Loss Per Share:
Net loss per share - basic	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.26	)	$	(0.06	)	$	(0.50	)

Diluted:
Net loss	$	(4,050	)	$	(2,892	)	$	(646	)	$	(5,563	)
Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest		(63	)		(20	)		(76	)		(45	)
Less: Undistributed earnings attributable to unvested shares		-			-			-			-
Net loss available to Twin Disc shareholders		(4,113	)		(2,912	)		(722	)		(5,608	)

Weighted average shares outstanding - basic		11,297			11,242			11,278			11,231
Effect of dilutive stock awards		-			-			-			-
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted		11,297			11,242			11,278			11,231

Diluted Loss Per Share:
Net loss per share - diluted	$	(0.36	)	$	(0.26	)	$	(0.06	)	$	(0.50	)

The following potential common shares were excluded from diluted EPS for the quarter and two quarters ended December 29, 2017 as the Company reported a net loss: 224.9 related to the Company’s unvested PSAs, 272.4 related to the Company’s unvested RS awards, and 9.6 related to outstanding stock options.

The following potential common shares were excluded from diluted EPS for the quarter and two quarters ended December 30, 2016 as the Company reported a net loss: 181.8 related to the Company’s unvested PSAs, 269.6 related to the Company’s unvested RS awards, and 13.2 related to outstanding stock options.

Item 2. Management Discussion and Analysis

In the financial review that follows, we discuss our results of operations, financial condition and certain other information. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements as of December 29, 2017, and related notes, as reported in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

Some of the statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include the Company’s description of plans and objectives for future operations and assumptions behind those plans. The words “anticipates,” “believes,” “intends,” “estimates,” and “expects,” or similar anticipatory expressions, usually identify forward-looking statements. In addition, goals established by Twin Disc, Incorporated should not be viewed as guarantees or promises of future performance. There can be no assurance the Company will be successful in achieving its goals.

In addition to the assumptions and information referred to specifically in the forward-looking statements, other factors, including but not limited to those factors discussed under Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for June 30, 2017 could cause actual results to be materially different from what is expressed or implied in any forward-looking statement.

Results of Operations

(In thousands)
	Quarter Ended											Two Quarters Ended
	December 29, 2017		%			December 30, 2016			%			December 29, 2017		%			December 30, 2016			%
Net sales	$	56,546				$	33,672					$	101,611				$	69,507
Cost of goods sold		38,420					24,723						69,590					51,385
Gross profit		18,126		32.1	%		8,949			26.6	%		32,021		31.5	%		18,122			26.1	%
Marketing, engineering and administrative expenses		15,268		27.0	%		12,560			37.3	%		28,936		28.5	%		25,035			36.0	%
Restructuring of operations		831		1.5	%		816			2.4	%		2,049		2.0	%		1,074			1.5	%
Income (loss) from operations	$	2,027		3.6	%	$	(4,427	)		-13.1	%	$	1,036		1.0	%	$	(7,987	)		-11.5	%

Comparison of the Second Quarter of Fiscal 2018 with the Second Quarter of Fiscal 2017

Net sales for the second quarter increased 67.9%, or $22.9 million, to $56.5 million from $33.7 million in the same period a year ago. The increase is primarily the result of increasing demand in North America for the Company’s oil and gas related transmission products. This market recovery began in the Company’s third fiscal quarter of fiscal 2017 and has continued through the current quarter. The increased demand reflects positive movements in both forward market and after market activity, and represents a broadening customer base compared to the early stages of market recovery seen in fiscal 2017. Global demand for industrial products improved significantly in the second quarter, with contributions from the North American oil and gas market, an improved global economy and new product introductions. Demand for the Company’s marine and propulsion systems also saw strong growth compared to the prior year second fiscal quarter thanks to improved activity in the global commercial marine, patrol craft and pleasure craft markets, following a very difficult market environment in fiscal 2017. The sales increases noted were seen most heavily in North America, as the percentage of sales to this region increased to 66% of total consolidated net sales in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 compared to 52% for the second quarter of fiscal 2017. Currency translation had a favorable impact on fiscal 2018 sales compared to the prior year totaling $1.0 million primarily due to the strengthening of the euro and Asian currencies against the U.S. dollar.

Sales at our manufacturing segment increased 64.8%, or $19.1 million, versus the same period last year. In the current fiscal quarter, our U.S. manufacturing operation, the largest, experienced a 98.3%, or $17.0 million, increase in sales versus the second fiscal quarter of 2017. The primary driver for this increase was continued acceleration of demand for the Company’s oil and gas related products. The Company’s Belgian operation also saw a moderate increase over the prior year (11.5% or $0.7 million), largely due to improving North American demand for its marine transmissions. The Company’s Italian manufacturing operations enjoyed a significant recovery in their markets, primarily the European mega yacht and industrial markets, compared to the prior year second quarter, reporting a 40.3% ($1.7 million) increase compared to the comparable period. The Company’s Swiss manufacturing operation, which supplies customized propellers for the global mega yacht and patrol boat markets, also experienced a solid increase (88.0% or $0.8 million), primarily due to the timing of projects for the global pleasure craft and patrol boat markets.

Our distribution segment experienced a 49.3%, or $7.0 million, increase in sales compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2017. The Company’s Asian distribution operations in Singapore, China and Japan saw a combined 49.7% increase in sales compared to the prior fiscal year’s second quarter. This increase reflects improving commercial and patrol craft activity in the region following many quarters of declining volume. The Company’s distribution operation in the Northwest of the United States and Southwest of Canada experienced an increase in sales of 88.5% ($3.1 million). The year over year increase was driven by improved sales of aftermarket service and components for the Canadian oil and gas markets. The Company’s distribution operation in Australia, which provides boat accessories, propulsion and marine transmission systems for the pleasure craft market, experienced flat demand compared to the prior year second fiscal quarter.

Gross profit as a percentage of sales increased 550 basis points to 32.1% of sales, compared to 26.6% of sales for the same period last year. This favorable movement is primarily due to a positive volume impact ($10.1 million). The favorable trend in gross profit performance reflects a combination of successful cost reduction actions over the past several quarters, improving manufacturing efficiencies and a positive product mix profile.

For the fiscal 2018 second quarter, marketing, engineering and administrative (ME&A) expenses, as a percentage of sales, were 27.0%, compared to 37.3% for the fiscal 2017 second quarter. ME&A expenses increased $2.7 million versus the same period last fiscal year. The increase in ME&A expenses for the quarter is the result of increases to bonus expense ($1.6 million), stock based compensation ($0.2 million), salary expense ($0.3 million), a currency exchange impact ($0.3 million) and other volume related spending ($0.5 million). These increases were partially offset by a reduction to global audit fees ($0.1 million) and lower pension expense ($0.1 million).

The Company incurred $0.8 million in restructuring charges during the second quarter of fiscal 2018, primarily associated with cost reduction actions at its European operations. The Company continues to focus on actively managing its cost structure and reducing fixed costs in light of the recent market challenges.

Interest expense remains relatively immaterial at approximately $0.1 million for the second quarter of both the current and prior fiscal year. The Company has focused on controlling debt and managing cash flow through the recent down cycle and ongoing recovery in many of its markets.

The unfavorable movement in other expense (income) compared to the prior year is primarily due to the impact of currency movements related to the euro.

The fiscal 2018 second quarter tax expense primarily reflects the impact of the new Tax Act. As a result, the Company recorded a non-cash tax expense of $4.6 million in the second fiscal quarter, primarily due to a remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities driven by the revised rate structure. Similarly, a rate change in Belgium resulted in a $0.4 million non-cash tax expense due to remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Excluding the impact of the U.S. and Belgian deferred tax remeasurements, the Company’s effective tax rate was 49.3%. This is higher than the prior year second quarter effective tax rate of 29.3%. The increase from the prior year is primarily due to the mix of earnings by jurisdiction and the impact of improved operating results on full year projections.

Within the calculation of our annual effective tax rate we have used assumptions and estimates that may change as a result of future guidance, interpretation, and rule-making from the Internal Revenue Service, the SEC, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and/or various other taxing jurisdictions. The Tax Act contains many significant changes to the U.S. tax laws, the consequences of which have not yet been fully determined. Changes in corporate tax rates, the net deferred tax assets and/or liabilities relating to our U.S. operations, the taxation of foreign earnings, and the deductibility of expenses contained in the Tax Act or other future tax reform legislation could have a material impact on our future U.S. tax expense.

Comparison of the First Two Quarters of Fiscal 2018 with the First Two Quarters of Fiscal 2017

Net sales for the first two quarters increased 46.2%, or $32.1 million, to $101.6 million from $69.5 million in the same period a year ago. The increase is primarily the result of increasing demand in North America for the Company’s oil and gas related transmission products, driven by the ongoing market recovery which began in the Company’s third fiscal quarter of fiscal 2017. The increased demand reflects positive movements in both forward market and after market activity, and represents a broadening customer base compared to the early stages of market recovery seen in fiscal 2017. Global demand for industrial products also improved significantly, primarily in the second quarter, with contributions from the North American oil and gas market, an improved global economy and new product introductions. Demand for the Company’s marine and propulsion systems also saw strong growth compared to the prior year first half due to improved activity in the global commercial marine, patrol craft and pleasure craft markets, following a very difficult market environment in fiscal 2017. These market improvements accelerated in the second quarter, showing a positive trend through the first half. The sales increases noted were seen most heavily in North America, as the percentage of sales to this region increased to 63% of total consolidated net sales in the first half of fiscal 2018 compared to 53% for the first half of fiscal 2017. Currency translation had a favorable impact on fiscal 2018 first half sales compared to the prior year totaling $1.5 million primarily due to the strengthening of the euro and the Australian and Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar.

Sales at our manufacturing segment increased 47.5%, or $28.5 million, versus the same period last year. In the first half of fiscal 2018, our U.S. manufacturing operation, the largest operation of the Company, experienced a 70.6%, or $25.8 million, increase in sales versus the first fiscal half of 2017. The primary driver for this increase was continuing strength in demand for the Company’s oil and gas related products. The Company’s Belgian operation also saw a significant increase over the prior year first half (30.8% or $3.0 million), largely due to improving North American demand for its marine transmissions. The Company’s Italian manufacturing operations, which continued to be hampered by the softness in the European mega yacht and industrial markets, saw marginal improvement over the prior year first half with a 16.2% ($1.4 million) increase compared to fiscal 2017. The Company’s Swiss manufacturing operation, which supplies customized propellers for the global mega yacht and patrol boat markets, experienced a solid 28.9% improvement ($0.8 million), primarily due to the timing of projects for the global pleasure craft and patrol boat markets.

Our distribution segment experienced a 31.4%, or $9.3 million, increase in sales compared to the first half of fiscal 2017. The Company’s Asian distribution operations in Singapore, China and Japan saw a combined 32.3% increase in sales compared to the prior fiscal year’s first half. This increase reflects improving commercial and patrol craft activity in the region, after several quarters of declining demand as a result of the struggling Asian economy. The Company’s distribution operation in the Northwest United States and Southwest Canada experienced an increase in sales of 65.0% ($4.3 million). The year over year increase was driven by improved sales of aftermarket service and components for the Canadian oil and gas markets. The Company’s distribution operation in Australia, which provides boat accessories, propulsion and marine transmission systems for the pleasure craft market, also saw a solid increase in sales (12.5%) primarily due to a favorable trend in the Australian pleasure craft market.

Gross profit as a percentage of sales increased 540 basis points to 31.5% of sales, compared to 26.1% of sales for the same period last year. This improvement is due to a positive volume impact ($14.2 million) associated with the strong revenue growth through the first half of fiscal 2018. The strong gross profit performance reflects a combination of successful cost reduction actions over the past several quarters, improving manufacturing efficiencies and a positive product mix profile.

For the fiscal 2018 first two quarters, marketing, engineering and administrative (ME&A) expenses, as a percentage of sales, were 28.5%, compared to 36.0% for the fiscal 2017 first two quarters. ME&A expenses increased $3.9 million versus the same period last fiscal year. The increase in ME&A expenses for the period is primarily the result of increases to bonus expense ($2.4 million), stock based compensation ($0.5 million), salary expense ($0.7 million) a currency exchange impact ($0.4 million) and volume based spending ($0.3 million). These increases were partially offset by a reduction to global audit fees ($0.3 million) and lower pension expense ($0.2 million).

The Company incurred $2.0 million in restructuring charges during the first half of fiscal 2018, primarily associated with cost reduction actions at its European operations. The Company continues to focus on actively managing its cost structure and reducing fixed costs in light of the recent market challenges.

Interest expense remains relatively immaterial at less than $0.2 million for the first two quarters of both the current and prior fiscal year. The Company has focused on controlling debt and managing cash flow through the down cycle and ongoing recovery in many of its markets.

The unfavorable movement in other expense (income) compared to the prior year is primarily due to the impact of currency movements related to the euro and Singapore dollar.

The fiscal 2018 first half effective tax rate was 204.0%, compared to the fiscal 2017 first half rate of 28.8%. The fiscal 2018 rate was impacted by two significant discrete adjustments. During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company recorded a tax benefit of $3.8 million related to the reversal of a valuation allowance in a certain foreign jurisdiction that had been subject to a full valuation allowance. Improvement in operating results, along with a business reorganization which provided favorable tax planning opportunities, allowed for the reversal of this valuation allowance. During the second quarter of the current fiscal year, in compliance with the new Tax Act, the Company recorded a non-cash tax expense of $4.6 million, primarily due to a remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities. In addition, a rate change in Belgium resulted in a $0.4 million non-cash tax expense due to remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities. The mix of earnings by jurisdiction, smaller discrete adjustments and continued operational improvement explain the remaining movement in the Company’s effective tax rate.

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

Comparison between December 29, 2017 and June 30, 2017

As of December 29, 2017, the Company had net working capital of $87.9 million, which represents an increase of $3.0 million, or 3.6%, from net working capital of $84.9 million as of June 30, 2017.

Cash decreased $0.6 million to $15.8 million as of December 29, 2017, versus $16.4 million as of June 30, 2017. The majority of the cash as of December 29, 2017 is at the Company’s overseas operations in Europe ($7.5 million) and Asia-Pacific ($7.1 million).

Trade receivables of $29.2 million were down $2.2 million, or approximately 6.9%, when compared to last fiscal year-end. Foreign currency translation increased accounts receivable by $0.6 million versus June 30, 2017. The net remaining decrease is driven by strong collection results and the timing of sales within the quarter, as sales for the second fiscal quarter slow through the year-end holiday season. As a percent of sales, trade receivables finished at 51.7% in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 compared to 67.5% for the comparable period in fiscal 2017 and 58.6% for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017.

Inventories increased by $7.8 million, or 11.9%, versus June 30, 2017 to $74.0 million. Foreign currency translation increased inventories by $1.9 million versus June 30, 2017. The remaining increase is volume driven, as the Company experiences recovery primarily in its products serving the North American oil and gas market. On a consolidated basis, as of December 29, 2017, the Company’s backlog of orders to be shipped over the next six months approximates $85.1 million, compared to $46.4 million at June 30, 2017 and $38.0 million at December 30, 2016. The increase versus the end of the prior fiscal year is primarily being experienced at the Company’s domestic manufacturing location. As a percentage of six-month backlog, inventory has reduced from 143% at June 30, 2017 to 87% at December 29, 2017.

Net property, plant and equipment (PP&E) increased $0.4 million versus June 30, 2017. This includes the addition of $3.0 million in capital expenditures, primarily at the Company’s U.S. and Belgian-based manufacturing operations, which was essentially offset by depreciation of $3.2 million. The net remaining increase is due to foreign currency translation effects. In total, the Company expects to invest between $7 and $9 million in capital assets in fiscal 2018. The Company continues to review its capital plans based on overall market conditions and availability of capital, and may make changes to its capital plans accordingly. The Company’s capital program is focused on modernizing key core manufacturing, assembly and testing processes and improving efficiencies at its facilities around the world.

Accounts payable as of December 29, 2017 of $23.4 million were up $2.1 million, or 9.9%, from June 30, 2017. The impact of foreign currency translation was to increase accounts payable by $0.5 million versus June 30, 2017. The remaining increase is consistent with increased sales volumes and inventory levels in comparison to the fiscal 2017 fourth quarter, along with the Company’s focus on effective working capital management.

Total borrowings and long-term debt as of December 29, 2017 decreased by $1.6 million, or 25.9%, to $4.7 million versus June 30, 2017. Cash needs were driven primarily by volume related working capital requirements and were offset by favorable collection results and a $1.0 million tax refund. During the first half of fiscal 2018, the Company generated positive free cash flow (defined as operating cash flow less acquisitions of fixed assets) of $0.8 million and ended the second fiscal quarter with total debt, net of cash, of ($11.1) million, compared to ($10.0) million at June 30, 2017, for a net favorable change of $1.1 million.

Total equity increased $5.1 million, or 4.1%, to $128.6 million as of December 29, 2017. Retained earnings decreased by $0.7 million, reflecting the net loss for the first fiscal half. Net favorable foreign currency translation of $3.0 million was reported. The reduction in common stock and treasury stock resulting from the accounting for stock based compensation increased equity by $0.7 million. The net remaining increase in equity of $2.1 million primarily represents the impact of a plan change to the Company’s U.S. postretirement benefit plan and amortization of net actuarial loss and prior service cost on the Company’s defined benefit pension plans.

On April 22, 2016, the Company entered into a revolving Credit Agreement (the “BMO Agreement”) with Bank of Montreal (“BMO”). This agreement permits the Company to enter into loans up to $40 million. This maximum may be increased under the BMO Agreement by an additional $10 million so long as there exists no default and certain other conditions specified in the BMO Agreement are satisfied.

In general, each revolving loan under the BMO Agreement will bear interest at a Eurodollar Rate, as defined. This rate as of December 29, 2017 was 3.11%. In addition to monthly interest payments, the Company will be responsible for paying a quarterly unused fee equal to 0.15% of the average daily unused portion of the revolving credit commitment. The Company may prepay loans subject to certain limitations. Borrowings under the BMO Agreement are secured by substantially all of the Company’s personal property, including accounts receivable, inventory, certain machinery and equipment, and intellectual property, and the personal property of Mill-Log Equipment Co., Inc. (“Mill-Log”), a wholly-owned domestic subsidiary of the Company. The Company has also pledged 100% of its equity interests in certain domestic subsidiaries and 65% of its equity interests in certain foreign subsidiaries. The Company has entered into a security agreement, IP security agreement and pledge agreement with BMO, and Mill-Log has entered into a guaranty agreement, guarantor security agreement and pledge agreement with BMO, which collectively grant BMO a security interest in these assets and holdings as administrative agent for itself and other lenders that may enter into the BMO Agreement. The Company has also entered into a negative pledge agreement with BMO, pursuant to which it has agreed not to sell, lease or otherwise encumber real estate that it owns except as permitted by the BMO Agreement and the negative pledge agreement. Within thirty days upon the occurrence of an event of default (as defined) that is not cured within the prescribed cure period, or if availability under the BMO Agreement is less than the greater of 15% of the aggregate revolving credit commitments and $6.0 million, the Company and Mill-Log will execute and deliver mortgages to BMO on all real estate owned by them at such time to further secure borrowings under the BMO Agreement.

The Company’s balance sheet remains very strong, there are no material off-balance-sheet arrangements, and the Company continues to have sufficient liquidity for near-term needs. The Company had approximately $23.1 million of available borrowings under the BMO Agreement as of December 29, 2017. The Company expects to continue to generate enough cash from operations, as well as borrowing capacity from credit facilities, to meet its operating and investing needs. As of December 29, 2017, the Company also had cash of $15.8 million, primarily at its overseas operations. These funds, with some restrictions and tax implications, are available for repatriation as deemed necessary by the Company. In fiscal 2018, the Company expects to contribute $2.3 million to its defined benefit pension plans, the minimum contribution required.

Net working capital increased $3.0 million, or 3.6%, during the first half of fiscal 2018, and the current ratio remained level at 2.9 for both December 29, 2017 and June 30, 2017. The increase in net working capital was primarily driven by a volume related increase to inventory during the first half of fiscal 2018.

The Company expects capital expenditures to be approximately $7 million to $9 million in fiscal 2018. These anticipated expenditures reflect the Company’s plans to invest in modern equipment and facilities, its global sourcing program and new products.

Management believes that available cash, the BMO credit facility, and potential access to debt markets will be adequate to fund the Company’s capital requirements for the foreseeable future.

As of December 29, 2017, the Company has obligations under non-cancelable operating lease contracts and loan agreements for certain future payments.

The Company has approximately $0.9 million of unrecognized tax benefits, including related interest and penalties, as of December 29, 2017, which, if recognized, would favorably impact the effective tax rate. See Note H of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures surrounding uncertain income tax positions.

The Company maintains defined benefit pension plans for some of its operations in the United States and Europe. The Company has established the Benefits Committee (a non-Board management committee) to oversee the operations and administration of the defined benefit plans. The Company estimates that fiscal 2018 contributions to all defined benefit plans will total $2.3 million. As of December 29, 2017, $1.0 million in contributions have been made.

New Accounting Releases

See Note A, Basis of Presentation, to the condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recently issued accounting standards.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of this Quarterly Report requires management’s judgment to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates.

The Company’s critical accounting policies are described in Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for June 30, 2017. There have been no significant changes to those accounting policies subsequent to June 30, 2017.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

The Company is exposed to market risks from changes in interest rates, commodities and foreign exchange. To reduce such risks, the Company selectively uses financial instruments and other pro-active management techniques. All hedging transactions are authorized and executed pursuant to clearly defined policies and procedures, which prohibit the use of financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Interest rate risk - The Company’s earnings exposure related to adverse movements of interest rates is primarily derived from outstanding floating rate debt instruments that are indexed to a Eurodollar Rate. In accordance with BMO Agreement expiring April 22, 2021, the Company has the option of borrowing at a Eurodollar Rate plus an additional “Add-On” of 1.75%. Due to the relative stability of interest rates, the Company did not utilize any financial instruments at December 29, 2017 to manage interest rate risk exposure. A 10 percent increase or decrease in the applicable interest rate would result in a change in annual pretax interest expense of approximately $14,000.

Commodity price risk - The Company is exposed to fluctuation in market prices for such commodities as steel and aluminum. The Company does not utilize commodity price hedges to manage commodity price risk exposure.

Currency risk - The Company has exposure to foreign currency exchange fluctuations. Approximately 26% of the Company’s revenues in the two quarters ended December 29, 2017 were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Of that total, approximately 56% was denominated in euros with the balance composed of Japanese yen, the Swiss franc, Indian rupee and the Australian and Singapore dollars. The Company does not hedge the translation exposure represented by the net assets of its foreign subsidiaries. Foreign currency translation adjustments are recorded as a component of shareholders’ equity. Forward foreign exchange contracts are occasionally used to hedge the currency fluctuations on significant transactions denominated in foreign currencies.

Derivative financial instruments - The Company has written policies and procedures that place all financial instruments under the direction of the Company’s corporate treasury group and restrict derivative transactions to those intended for hedging purposes. The use of financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes is prohibited. The Company occasionally uses financial instruments to manage the market risk from changes in foreign exchange rates.

The Company primarily enters into forward exchange contracts to reduce the earnings and cash flow impact of non-functional currency denominated receivables and payables. These contracts are highly effective in hedging the cash flows attributable to changes in currency exchange rates. Gains and losses resulting from these contracts offset the foreign exchange gains or losses on the underlying assets and liabilities being hedged. The maturities of the forward exchange contracts generally coincide with the settlement dates of the related transactions. Gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in Other expense, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations as the changes in the fair value of the contracts are recognized and generally offset the gains and losses on the hedged items in the same period. The primary currency to which the Company was exposed in fiscal 2018 and 2017 was the euro. At December 29, 2017, the Company had no outstanding forward exchange contracts. At June 30, 2017, one of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries had three outstanding forward exchange contracts to purchase U.S. dollars in the notional value of $1,050,000 with a weighted average maturity of 53 days. The fair value of the Company’s contract was a loss of $29,000 at June 30, 2017.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

(a)	Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“the Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in recording, processing, summarizing, and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely discussions regarding required disclosure.

(b)	Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). During the most recent fiscal quarter, no changes were made which have materially affected, or which are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Part II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is a defendant in several product liability or related claims which are considered either adequately covered by appropriate liability insurance or involving amounts not deemed material to the business or financial condition of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The Company may experience negative or unforeseen tax consequences. The impact of the newly enacted Tax Act may differ from our current estimates, possibly materially, due to, among other things, changes in interpretations and assumptions the Company has made, guidance that may be issued and actions the Company may take as a result of the Tax Act. Such subsequent changes in interpretations, assumptions or actions could result in a material adverse impact on the Company’s results and financial condition.

There have been no other material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in response to Item 1A to Part I of our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a)	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

There were no securities of the Company sold by the Company during the quarter ended December 29, 2017, which were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, in reliance upon an exemption from registration provided by Section 4 (2) of the Act.

(b)	Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

(c)	Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period	(a) Total Number of Shares Purchased		(b) Average Price Paid per Share	(c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		(d) Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs

Sept. 30, 2017 – Oct. 27, 2017		0	NA		0		315,000

Oct. 28, 2017 – Nov. 24, 2017		0	NA		0		315,000

Nov. 25, 2017 – Dec. 29, 2017		7,119	NA		0		315,000

Total		7,119	NA		0		315,000

The amounts shown in Column (a) above represent shares of common stock delivered to the Company as payment of withholding taxes due on the vesting of restricted stock issued under the Twin Disc, Incorporated 2010 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan.

Under authorizations granted by the Board of Directors on February 1, 2008 and July 27, 2012, the Company was authorized to purchase 500,000 shares of its common stock. This authorization has no expiration, and as of December 29, 2017, 315,000 may yet be purchased under these authorizations. The Company did not purchase any shares of its common stock during the quarter ended December 29, 2017.

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 5.

Other Information

None.

Item 6.

Exhibits

31a	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31b	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32a	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32b	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

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XBRL Schema

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XBRL Calculation Linkbase

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XBRL Definition Linkbase

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XBRL Label Linkbase

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XBRL Presentation Linkbase

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	TWIN DISC, INCORPORATED
	(Registrant)


Date: February 6, 2018	/s/ DEBBIE A. LANGE
	Debbie A. Lange
	Corporate Controller
	Chief Accounting Officer