UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2011
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________to _________
Commission file number 000-21783
8X8, INC.
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810 West Maude Avenue
Sunnyvale, CA 94085
(408) 727-1885
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x YES ¨ NO
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES
x NO ¨Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ¨ |
Accelerated filer x |
Non-accelerated filer ¨
|
Smaller reporting company ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
YES ¨
NO x
The number of shares of the Registrant's Common Stock outstanding as of January 18, 2012 was 69,536,277.
FORM 10-Q PDF as a courtesy 2
Part I -- FINANCIAL INFORMATION ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8X8, Inc.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
8X8, Inc.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
8X8, Inc. 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS THE COMPANY 8x8, Inc. ("8x8" or the "Company") develops and markets telecommunications services for Internet protocol, or IP,
telephony and video applications as well as web-based conferencing, unified communications services, managed hosting and cloud-based
computing services. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had more than 27,600 business customers. The Company was incorporated in California in February 1987 and was reincorporated in Delaware in December 1996. The
Company's fiscal year ends on March 31 of each calendar year. Each reference to a fiscal year in these notes to the consolidated
financial statements refers to the fiscal year ending March 31 of the calendar year indicated (for example, fiscal 2012 refers to the fiscal
year ending March 31, 2012). 2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared on
substantially the same basis as our annual financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011. In the opinion of the
Company's management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments)
considered necessary for a fair statement of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods.
Actual results could differ from these estimates. The March 31, 2011 year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data in this document were derived from audited
consolidated financial statements and do not include all of the disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements as of and for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 and notes thereto included in the Company's fiscal 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods included in these financial statements are not necessarily indicative
of the results to be expected for any future period or the entire fiscal year. Service Revenue The Company recognizes new subscriber revenue in the month in which the new order is shipped, net of an allowance for
expected cancellations. The allowance for expected cancellations is based on the Company's history of subscriber cancellations within
the 30-day trial period offered with new services. Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 605-25 requires that revenue
arrangements with multiple deliverables be divided into separate units of accounting if the deliverables in the arrangement meet specific
criteria. In addition, arrangement consideration must be allocated among the separate units of accounting based on their relative fair
values, with certain limitations. The provisioning of the 8x8 service with the accompanying IP phone equipment constitutes a revenue
arrangement with multiple deliverables. In accordance with the guidance of ASC 605-25, the Company allocates revenue from new
subscriptions, including activation fees, between the IP phone equipment and subscriber services. Revenue allocated to the IP phone
equipment is recognized as product revenue during the period of the sale less the allowance for estimated returns during the 30-day
trial period. All other revenue is recognized when the related services are provided. 6
Product Revenue The Company recognizes revenue from product sales for which there are no related services to be rendered upon shipment to
partners and end users provided that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed, title has transferred, collection of
resulting receivables is reasonably assured, there are no customer acceptance requirements, and there are no remaining significant
obligations. Gross outbound shipping and handling charges are recorded as revenue, and the related costs are included in cost of
goods sold. Reserves for returns and allowances for partner and end user sales are recorded at the time of shipment. In accordance
with the ASC 985-605, the Company records shipments to distributors, retailers, and resellers, where the right of return exists, as
deferred revenue. The Company defers recognition of revenue on sales to distributors, retailers, and resellers until products are resold
to the end user. Deferred Cost of Goods Sold Deferred cost of goods sold represents the cost of products sold for which the customer has a right of return. The cost of the
products sold is recognized contemporaneously with the recognition of revenue. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized. Goodwill represents the excess fair value of
consideration transferred over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. The carrying value of goodwill and
indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized, but are annually tested for impairment and more often if there is an indicator of
impairment. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the periods benefited. The Company reviews the
recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset or
asset group may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the Company's ability to recover the carrying
value of the asset or asset group from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related
operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference
between estimated fair value and carrying value. The measurement of impairment requires management to estimate future cash flows
and the fair value of long-lived assets. Amortization expense for the customer relationship intangible asset is included in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Amortization expense for technology is included in cost of service revenue. The carrying values of intangible assets as of December
31, 2011 and March 31, 2011 were as follows (in thousands): 7
Annual amortization of intangible assets, based upon our existing intangible assets and current useful lives, for the remainder of
fiscal 2012 and subsequent fiscal years is estimated to be the following as of December 31, 2011 (in thousands): Warrant Liability The Company previously had two outstanding warrants that were classified as liabilities, which expired on December 19, 2010.
The Company accounts for its warrants in accordance with ASC 480-10 which requires warrants to be classified as permanent equity,
temporary equity or as assets or liabilities. In general, warrants that either require net-cash settlement or are presumed to require
net-cash settlement are recorded as assets and liabilities at fair value and warrants that require settlement in shares are recorded as equity
instruments. Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under ASC 718 - Stock Compensation which establishes
standards for the accounting for equity instruments exchanged for employee services. Under the provisions of ASC 718, stock-based
compensation cost is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense
over the employee's requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity grant), net of estimated forfeitures. Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and
nine months ended December 31, 2011 included the unvested portion of stock-based awards granted. Stock-based awards were
measured based on ASC 718 criteria and the compensation expense for all share-based payment awards granted is recognized using
the straight-line single-option method. Stock-based compensation expense includes the impact of estimated forfeitures. ASC 718
requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from
those estimates. Stock-based Compensation Plans The Company has several stock-based compensation plans that are described in Note 5 "Stockholders' Equity" of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011.
The Company, under its various equity plans, grants stock-based awards for shares of common stock to employees, non-employee
directors and consultants. As of December 31, 2011, the 1992 Stock Plan, 1996 Stock Plan and 1996 Director Option Plan had expired and the 1999
Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan had been cancelled by the Board, but there were outstanding unexercised options granted under each
of these plans. Options granted under these plans generally vested over four years, were granted at fair market value on the date of the
grant and expire ten years from that date. 8
The Company has reserved a total of 7,000,000 shares of common stock for issuance under its 2006 Stock Plan as amended (the
"2006 Plan"). The 2006 Plan is the Company's only active plan for providing stock-based incentive compensation ("awards") to its
eligible employees, non-employee directors or consultants. Awards that may be granted under the 2006 Plan include incentive stock
options, nonstatutory stock options and stock purchase rights. The exercise price of incentive stock options granted under the 2006
Plan may not be less than the fair market value on the effective date of the grant. Other types of options and awards under the 2006
Plan may be granted at any price approved by the administrator, which generally will be the board of directors, subject to certain
limitations as set forth in the 2006 Plan. Options and stock purchase rights generally vest over four years and expire ten years after
grant. The 2006 Plan expires in May 2016. In the second fiscal quarter of 2012, the Company assumed the Amended and Restated Contactual, Inc. 2003 Stock Option Plan
(the "2003 Contactual Plan"), exchanged all outstanding Contactual options to new options in the Company pursuant to the
Agreement and Plan of Merger Reorganization dated September 11, 2011 and registered an aggregate of 171,974 shares of the
Company's common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of stock options granted under the assumed 2003 Contactual Plan. No
new grants can be made under the 2003 Contactual Plan. Option and Stock Purchase Right Activity Stock purchase right activity since March 31, 2011 is summarized as follows: Option activity since March 31, 2011 is summarized as follows: (1) The reduction to shares available for grant includes both awards and options granted of 523,100 and
199,500 shares, respectively. 9
The following table summarizes the stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2011: Stock-Based Compensation Expense As of December 31, 2011, there was $3.6 million of unamortized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock
awards which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.10 years. To value option grants and other awards for actual and pro forma stock-based compensation, the Company has used the Black-
Scholes option valuation model. When the measurement date is certain, the fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of
grant. Fair value determined using Black-Scholes varies based on assumptions used for the expected stock price volatility, expected
life, risk-free interest rates and future dividend payments. During the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2011 and
2010, the Company used historical volatility of the common stock over a period equal to the expected life of the options to estimate their
fair value. The expected life assumption represents the weighted-average period stock-based awards are expected to remain
outstanding. These expected life assumptions are established through the review of historical exercise behavior of stock-based award
grants with similar vesting periods. The risk-free interest rate is based on the closing market bid yields on actively traded U.S. treasury
securities in the over-the-counter market for the expected term equal to the expected term of the option. The dividend yield assumption
is based on the Company's history and expectation of future dividend payouts. The following table summarizes the weighted average assumptions used to compute reported stock-based
compensation to employees and directors for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010: In accordance with ASC 718, the Company recorded $301,000 and $67,000 in compensation expense relative to stock-based
awards for the three months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, and $701,000 and $123,000 for the nine months
ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. 10
Employee Stock Purchase Plan Under the Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan, eligible employees can participate and purchase common stock semi-annually
through payroll deductions at a price equal to 85% of the fair market value of the common stock at the beginning of each one
year offering period or the end of the applicable six month purchase period within that offering period, whichever is lower. The
contribution amount may not exceed 10% of an employee's base compensation, including commissions but not including bonuses and
overtime. The Company accounts for the Employee Stock Purchase Plan as a compensatory plan and recorded compensation expense
of $117,000 and $32,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, and $312,000 and $105,000 for the nine months
ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, in accordance with ASC 718. The estimated fair value of stock purchase rights granted under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan was estimated at the date of
grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: As of December 31, 2011, there was $107,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to employee stock purchases
under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.5
years. ASC 718 requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation costs to be reported as a financing cash
flow, rather than as an operating cash flow. The future realization of tax benefits related to stock compensation is dependent upon the
timing of employee exercises and future taxable income, among other factors. The Company did not realize any tax benefit from the
stock compensation charge incurred during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 as the Company believes
that it is more likely than not that it will not realize the benefit from tax deductions related to such equity compensation. The following table summarizes the distribution of stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options and
employee stock purchases under ASC 718 among the Company's operating functions for the three and nine months ended December
31, 2011 and 2010 which was recorded as follows (in thousands): 11
Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, "Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to
Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting
Standards ("IFRSs")." Under ASU 2011-04, the guidance amends certain accounting and disclosure requirements related to fair value
measurements to ensure that fair value has the same meaning in U.S. GAAP and in IFRSs and that their respective fair value
measurement and disclosure requirements are the same. ASU 2011-04 is effective for public entities during interim and annual periods
beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption by public entities is not permitted. The Company does not believe that the adoption
of ASU 2011-04 will have a material impact on the Company's consolidated results of operation and financial condition. In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, "Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive
Income," ("ASU 2011-05") which amends current comprehensive income guidance. This accounting update eliminates the option to
present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders' equity. Instead, we must report
comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income which contains two sections, net income and
other comprehensive income, or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 will be effective for public companies during
the interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 with early adoption permitted. The Company does not believe that
the adoption of ASU 2011-05 will have a material impact on the Company's consolidated results of operation and financial
condition. In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for
Impairment," ("ASU 2011-08") which simplifies how entities test goodwill for impairment. This accounting update permits an entity to
first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying
amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step good will impairment test described in Topic 350.
The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. ASU 2011-08 will be effective for annual
and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011 with early adoption permitted.
We do not believe that the adoption of ASU 2011-08 will have a material impact on the Company's consolidated
results of operation and financial condition. In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) - Deferral of the Effective
Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in
Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05 ("ASU 2011-12"). ASU 2011-12 defers changes in
Update 2011-05 that relate to the presentation of reclassification adjustments. ASU 2011-12 is effective for fiscal
years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company does not believe
that the adoption of ASU 2011-12 will have a material impact on the Company's consolidated results of operation and financial
condition. 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities
required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal market or the most advantageous market in
which it would transact. The accounting guidance for fair value measurement requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize
the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market
participants would use in valuing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of
the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's assumptions about the factors that market participants would
use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The standard establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used
to measure fair value by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. A financial instrument's categorization within
the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy
is as follows: 12
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Page No.
Item 1. Financial Statements:
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at
December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three
and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine
months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 6. Exhibits
Signature
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, unaudited)
December 31,
March 31,
2011
2011
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
20,004
$
16,474
Restricted cash
28
-
Short-term investments
1,912
1,927
Accounts receivable, net
1,917
863
Inventory
539
2,105
Deferred cost of goods sold
129
123
Other current assets
819
584
Total current assets
25,348
22,076
Property and equipment, net
3,483
2,398
Intangible assets, net
11,979
214
Goodwill
25,150
1,210
Other assets
647
686
Total assets
$
66,607
$
26,584
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
4,481
$
4,551
Accrued compensation
3,296
1,722
Accrued warranty
396
362
Accrued taxes
1,432
1,828
Deferred revenue
1,013
835
Other accrued liabilities
1,732
1,386
Total current liabilities
12,350
10,684
Other liabilities
400
39
Total liabilities
12,750
10,723
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock
62
62
Additional paid-in capital
240,864
208,218
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(88)
(73)
Accumulated deficit
(186,981)
(192,346)
Total stockholders' equity
53,857
15,861
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
66,607
$
26,584
Three Months Ended
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
December 31,
2011
2010
2011
2010
Service revenues
$
21,200
$
16,664
$
56,234
$
48,098
Product revenues
2,078
1,114
5,370
3,881
Total revenues
23,278
17,778
61,604
51,979
Operating expenses:
Cost of service revenues
4,890
3,819
12,764
10,790
Cost of product revenues
2,584
1,840
7,467
5,897
Research and development
1,955
1,131
4,902
3,628
Selling, general and administrative
11,297
9,570
31,448
27,453
Total operating expenses
20,726
16,360
56,581
47,768
Income from operations
2,552
1,418
5,023
4,211
Other income, net
49
78
58
112
Income on change in fair value of warrant liability
-
-
-
167
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes
2,601
1,496
5,081
4,490
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
15
-
(284)
7
Net income .
$
2,586
$
1,496
$
5,365
$
4,483
Net income per share:
Basic
$
0.04
$
0.02
$
0.08
$
0.07
Diluted
$
0.04
$
0.02
$
0.08
$
0.07
Weighted average number of shares:
Basic
69,445
63,281
65,165
63,365
Diluted
73,214
66,873
69,013
65,622
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands, unaudited)
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
2011
2010
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
$
5,365
$
4,483
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization
1,532
960
Stock-based compensation
1,013
228
Change in fair value of warrant liability
-
(167)
Deferred income tax benefit
(336)
-
Other
130
57
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable, net
(642)
(231)
Inventory
1,596
(458)
Other current and noncurrent assets
405
(75)
Deferred cost of goods sold
(6)
2
Accounts payable
(2,059)
1,272
Accrued compensation
319
239
Accrued warranty
34
86
Accrued taxes and fees
(396)
301
Deferred revenue
(75)
(271)
Other current and noncurrent liabilities
(472)
548
Net cash provided by operating activities
6,408
6,974
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment
(1,743)
(1,891)
Purchase of investment
-
(2,000)
Purchase of strategic investment
-
(315)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
(713)
(998)
Sale of property and equipment
-
2
Net cash used in investing activities
(2,456)
(5,202)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital lease payments
(273)
(28)
Repurchase of common stock
(1,038)
(4,026)
Buyback of employee stock options
-
(101)
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
-
880
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
(60)
278
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee stock plans
949
1,755
Net cash used in financing activities
(422)
(1,242)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
3,530
530
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
16,474
18,056
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period
$
20,004
$
18,586
Supplemental cash flow information
Issuance of common stock in connection with acquisitions of businesses
$
31,358
$
600
Fair value of options assumed in connection with acquisitions of businesses
274
-
Acquisition of property and equipment, net in connection with
acquisitions of businesses
372
80
Acquisition of capital lease in connection with acquisitions of businesses
297
-
Transfer of net assets in purchase of strategic investment
-
41
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2011
March 31, 2011
Gross
Gross
Carrying
Accumulated
Net Carrying
Carrying
Accumulated
Net Carrying
Amount
Amortization
Amount
Amount
Amortization
Amount
Technology
$
8,242
$
(226)
$
8,016
$
-
$
-
$
-
Customer relationships
3,305
(299)
3,006
308
(94)
214
Trade names/domains
957
-
957
-
-
-
Total acquired identifiable
intangible assets
$
12,504
$
(525)
$
11,979
$
308
$
(94)
$
214
Amount
Remaining 2012
$
357
2013
1,428
2014
1,334
2015
1,325
2016
1,325
Thereafter
5,253
Total
$
11,022
Weighted
Weighted
Average
Average
Grant-Date
Remaining
Number of
Fair Market
Contractual
Shares
Value
Term (in Years)
Balance at March 31, 2011
886,445
$
1.51
Granted
523,100
3.59
Released
(211,470)
1.30
Forfeited
(15,438)
3.85
Balance at December 31, 2011
1,182,637
$
2.44
2.78
Weighted
Shares
Average
Shares
Subject to
Exercise
Available
Options
Price
for Grant
Outstanding
Per Share
Balance at March 31, 2011
1,553,979
6,969,196
$
1.56
Granted (1)(2)
(722,600)
371,474
3.77
Exercised
-
(422,545)
1.42
Canceled/forfeited
26,273
(26,273)
3.71
Termination of plans
(1,273)
-
-
Balance at December 31, 2011
856,379
6,891,852
$
1.66
(2) The increase to shares subject to options outstanding includes 171,974 shares subject to options assumed under the 2003
Contactual Plan.
Options Outstanding
Options Exercisable
Weighted
Weighted
Weighted
Average
Average
Average
Exercise
Remaining
Aggregate
Exercise
Aggregate
Price
Contractual
Intrinsic
Price
Intrinsic
Shares
Per Share
Life (Years)
Value
Shares
Per Share
Value
$0.01 - $1.15
1,430,768
$
0.87
5.69
$
3,286,944
1,412,018
$
0.87
$
3,243,819
$1.16 - $1.27
1,757,279
$
1.25
4.18
3,369,661
1,757,279
$
1.25
3,369,661
$1.28 - $1.72
1,768,891
$
1.56
3.12
2,275,290
1,768,891
$
1.56
2,275,290
$1.73 - $2.81
1,462,414
$
2.24
5.47
1,941,010
912,244
$
2.01
1,638,079
$2.82 - $4.95
472,500
$
4.13
5.32
40
288,000
$
3.93
40
6,891,852
$
10,872,945
6,138,432
$
10,526,889
Three Months Ended
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
December 31,
2011
2010
2011
2010
Expected volatility
75%
-
76%
-
Expected dividend yield
-
-
-
-
Risk-free interest rate
0.44%
-
0.35%
-
Weighted average expected option term
3.25 years
-
3.04 years
-
Weighted average fair value of options granted
$
1.96
$
-
$
2.20
$
-
Three Months Ended
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
December 31,
2011
2010
2011
2010
Expected volatility
-
64%
68%
64%
Expected dividend yield
-
-
-
-
Risk-free interest rate
-
0.24%
0.10%
0.24%
Weighted average expected option term
-
0.75 years
0.75 years
0.75 years
Weighted average fair value of options granted
$
-
$
0.53
$
1.49
$
0.53
Three Months Ended
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
December 31,
2011
2010
2011
2010
Cost of service revenues
$
41
$
11
$
87
$
27
Research and development
72
27
176
64
Selling, general and administrative
305
61
750
137
Total stock-based compensation expense
related to employee stock options and
employee stock purchases, pre-tax
418
99
1,013
228
Tax benefit
-
-
-
-
Stock-based compensation expense related to
employee stock options and employee stock
purchases, net of tax
$
418
$
99
$
1,013
$
228
The following table presents the Company's fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, respectively (in thousands):
Quoted Prices | |||||||||||
in Active | |||||||||||
Markets | Other | Significant | |||||||||
for Identical | Observable | Unobservable | |||||||||
Assets | Inputs | Inputs | Balance at | ||||||||
(Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | 12/31/2011 | ||||||||
Cash equivalents: | |||||||||||
Money market funds | $ | 14,365 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 14,365 | |||
Short-term investments: | |||||||||||
Mutual funds (1) | - | 1,912 | - | 1,912 | |||||||
Total | $ | 14,365 | $ | 1,912 | $ | - | $ | 16,277 |
Quoted Prices | |||||||||||
in Active | |||||||||||
Markets | Other | Significant | |||||||||
for Identical | Observable | Unobservable | |||||||||
Assets | Inputs | Inputs | Balance at | ||||||||
(Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | 3/31/2011 | ||||||||
Cash equivalents: | |||||||||||
Money market funds | $ | 14,358 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 14,358 | |||
Short-term investments: | |||||||||||
Mutual funds (1) | - | 1,927 | - | 1,927 | |||||||
Total | $ | 14,358 | $ | 1,927 | $ | - | $ | 16,285 |
(1) The fair value of mutual funds is determined based on published net asset values. The Company uses such pricing data as the primary input to make its assessments and determinations as to the ultimate valuation of its investment portfolio.
13
4. BALANCE SHEET DETAIL
December 31, | March 31, | |||||
2011 | 2011 | |||||
Inventory (in thousands): | ||||||
Work-in-process | $ | 63 | $ | 1,510 | ||
Finished goods | 476 | 595 | ||||
$ | 539 | $ | 2,105 |
5. NET INCOME PER SHARE
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of vested, unrestricted common shares outstanding during the period (denominator). Diluted net income per share is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Dilutive potential common shares include shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and under the employee stock purchase plan.
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | $ | 2,586 | $ | 1,496 | $ | 5,365 | $ | 4,483 | ||||
Denominator: | ||||||||||||
Common shares | 69,445 | 63,281 | 65,165 | 63,365 | ||||||||
Denominator for basic calculation | 69,445 | 63,281 | 65,165 | 63,365 | ||||||||
Employee stock options | 3,364 | 3,173 | 3,413 | 2,010 | ||||||||
Stock purchase rights | 385 | 319 | 409 | 188 | ||||||||
Employee stock purchase plan | 20 | 100 | 26 | 59 | ||||||||
Denominator for diluted calculation | 73,214 | 66,873 | 69,013 | 65,622 | ||||||||
Net income per share | ||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.02 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.07 | ||||
Diluted | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.02 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.07 |
The following shares attributable to outstanding stock options and awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
Employee stock options and awards | 604 | 690 | 637 | 2,242 | ||||||||
604 | 690 | 637 | 2,242 |
14
6. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Comprehensive income, as defined, includes all changes in equity (net assets) during a period from non-owner sources. The difference between the Company's net income and comprehensive income is due primarily to an unrealized loss on investments classified as available-for-sale. Comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
Net income, as reported | $ | 2,586 | $ | 1,496 | $ | 5,365 | $ | 4,483 | ||||
Unrealized loss on investments in securities | (8) | (80) | (15) | (80) | ||||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 2,578 | $ | 1,416 | $ | 5,350 | $ | 4,403 |
7. SEGMENT REPORTING
ASC 280 - Segment Reporting establishes annual and interim reporting standards for an enterprise's business segments and related disclosures about its products, services, geographic areas and major customers. The method for determining what information to report is based upon the way management organizes the operating segments within the Company for making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The Company has determined that it has only one reportable segment. Revenue for this segment is presented by groupings of similar products and services (in thousands) in the following table:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
8x8 service, equipment and other | $ | 23,277 | $ | 17,759 | $ | 61,601 | $ | 51,877 | ||||
Technology licensing and related software | 1 | 19 | 3 | 102 | ||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 23,278 | $ | 17,778 | $ | 61,604 | $ | 51,979 |
No customer represented greater than 10% of the Company's total revenue for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 or 2010. Revenue from customers outside the United States was not material for either the three or nine months ended December 31, 2011 or 2010.
8. INCOME TAXES
Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability approach. Under the asset and liability approach, a current tax liability or asset is recognized for the estimated taxes payable or refundable on tax returns for the current year. A deferred tax liability or asset is recognized for the estimated future tax effects attributed to temporary differences and carryforwards. If necessary, the deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance that takes into account the amount of benefits that the Company determines, based on available evidence, is more likely than not to be realized. Other than accruals for state gross receipt and franchise taxes and the foreign subsidiary taxes, the Company made no provision for income taxes in any periods presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements because of net losses incurred, or because it expects to utilize net operating loss carryforwards for which there is a valuation allowance.
The Company accounts for the uncertainty in income taxes under the provisions of ASC 740 - Income Taxes which clarifies the accounting and disclosure for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise's financial statements. This interpretation requires that the Company recognize in its financial statements the impact of a tax position if that position is more likely than not to be sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position.
15
The Company believes that any income tax filing positions and deductions not sustained on audit will not result in a material change to its financial position or results of operations.
The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S., California and various other states and foreign jurisdictions in which it has or had a subsidiary or branch operations or it is collecting sales tax. All tax returns from fiscal 1995 to fiscal 2011 may be subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service, California and various other states. The Company extended the filing date of the 2011 federal tax return and all state income tax returns. As of January 20, 2012, there were no active federal or state income tax audits. Returns filed in foreign jurisdictions may be subject to examination for the fiscal years 2007 to 2011.
The Company's policy for recording interest and penalties associated with audits is to record such items as a component of operating expense income before taxes. During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company did not recognize any interest or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.
9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Guarantees
Indemnifications
In the normal course of business, the Company or its subsidiaries have agreed or otherwise become obligated to indemnify other parties, including customers, lessors and parties to other transactions with the Company, with respect to certain matters. Under these arrangements, the Company typically agrees to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations or covenants, intellectual property infringement or other claims made against certain parties. These agreements may limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its officers and directors.
It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount of the Company's exposure under these indemnification agreements due to the limited history of indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by the Company under these agreements have not had a material impact on the Company's operating results, financial position or cash flows. Under some of these agreements, however, the Company's potential indemnification liability might not have a contractual limit.
Product Warranties
The Company accrues for the estimated costs that may be incurred under its product warranties upon revenue recognition. Changes in the Company's product warranty liability, which is included in cost of product revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of income, during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 391 | $ | 380 | $ | 362 | $ | 331 | ||||
Accruals for warranties | 106 | 119 | 374 | 397 | ||||||||
Settlements | (101) | (82) | (340) | (311) | ||||||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 396 | $ | 417 | $ | 396 | $ | 417 |
16
Leases
In May 2009, the Company entered into a three-year lease for its primary facility in Sunnyvale, California that expires in fiscal 2013.
In September 2011, the Company assumed a lease for Contactual's headquarters facility in Redwood City, California that expires in fiscal 2013. At December 31, 2011, future minimum lease payments under current operating leases were as follows (in thousands):
Year ending March 31: | |||
Remaining 2012 | $ | 230 | |
2013 | 403 | ||
Total minimum payments | $ | 633 |
In each of March 2007 and August 2009, the Company entered into a series of noncancelable capital lease agreements for office equipment bearing interest at various rates and in September 2011, the Company assumed noncancelable capital lease agreements for equipment and software bearing interest at various rates with the acquisition of Contactual. At December 31, 2011, future minimum annual lease payments under noncancelable capital leases were as follows (in thousands):
Year ending March 31: | |||
Remaining 2012 | $ | 9 | |
2013 | 48 | ||
2014 | 11 | ||
Total minimum payments | 68 | ||
Less: Amount representing interest | (3) | ||
65 | |||
Less: Short-term portion of capital lease obligations | (43) | ||
Long-term portion of capital lease obligations | $ | 22 |
Capital leases included in computer equipment, office equipment and software were $525,000 at December 31, 2011. Total accumulated depreciation was $289,000 at December 31, 2011. Amortization expense for assets recorded under capital leases is included in depreciation expense.
Minimum Third Party Customer Support Commitments
In the third quarter of fiscal 2010, the Company amended a contract with one of its third party customer support vendors containing a minimum monthly commitment of approximately $430,000. The agreement requires a 150-day notice to terminate. At December 31, 2011, the total remaining obligation under the amended contract was $2.2 million.
Minimum Third Party Network Service Provider Commitments
The Company entered into contracts with multiple vendors for third party network services that expire on various dates through fiscal 2015. At December 31, 2011, future minimum annual payments under these third party network service contracts were $287,000 in 2012, $593,000 in 2013, $70,000 in 2014 and $7,000 in 2015.
17
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company may become involved in various legal claims and litigation that arise in the normal course of its operations. While the results of such claims and litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company is not currently aware of any such matters that it believes would have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
On March 15, 2011, the Company was named a defendant in a lawsuit, Bear Creek Technologies, Inc. v. 8x8, Inc. et al., along with more than 20 other defendants. On August 17, 2011, the Company was dismissed without prejudice from this lawsuit under Rule 21 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. On August 17, 2011, the Company was sued again by Bear Creek Technologies, Inc. in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the complaint on October 11, 2011, and the motion is still pending. The Company believes it has factual and legal defenses to these claims and is presenting a vigorous defense. The Company cannot estimate potential liability in this case at this early stage of litigation.
On October 25, 2011, the Company was named a defendant in a lawsuit, Klausner Technologies, Inc. v. Oracle Corporation et al., along with 30 other defendants. The Company believes it has factual and legal defenses to these claims and is presenting a vigorous defense. The plaintiff has not made a specific monetary demand and the Company cannot estimate potential liability in this case at this early stage of litigation. The Company has not answered the complaint.
Non-Income Based State and Municipal Taxes
From time to time, the Company has received inquiries from a number of state and municipal taxing agencies with respect to the remittance of non-income based taxes. The Company collects or has accrued for taxes that it believes are required to be remitted. The amounts that have been remitted have historically been within the accruals established by the Company.
10. STOCK REPURCHASES
On October 19, 2010, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company to create a new stock repurchase plan to purchase up to $10.0 million of its common stock from time to time until October 19, 2011. The stock repurchase plan expired on October 19, 2011. The stock repurchase activity under this plan for the nine months ended December 31, 2011 is summarized as follows:
Weighted | ||||||||
Average | ||||||||
Shares | Price | Amount | ||||||
Repurchased | Per Share | Repurchased | ||||||
Balance at March 31, 2011 | 3,870,985 | $ | 2.26 | $ | 8,022,690 | |||
Repurchase of common stock | 301,800 | 2.95 | 888,964 | |||||
Balance at December 31, 2011 | 4,172,785 | $ | 2.33 | $ | 8,911,654 |
The total purchase prices of the common stock repurchased and retired were reflected as a reduction to stockholders' equity during the period of repurchase.
18
11. ACQUISITIONS
Zerigo, Inc.
On June 16, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with Zerigo, Inc. ("Zerigo"), a provider of cloud services pursuant to which the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of Zerigo from its sole shareholder. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company paid the selling shareholder $750,000 in cash and issued 207,756 shares of its common stock. In addition, the Company agreed to pay the selling shareholder an earn-out of up to $500,000 cash upon the achievement of specified software development milestones by December 31, 2011. As of December 31, 2011, the shareholder had achieved the specified software development milestones and the earn-out of $500,000 had been paid to the shareholder.
The fair value of the consideration transferred consisted of the following (in thousands):
Cash | $ | 750 | ||||
Contingent payments | 441 | |||||
Fair value of shares of stock issued | 750 | |||||
Total purchase price | $ | 1,941 |
The Company recorded the acquired tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the consideration transferred over the aggregate fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The amount of goodwill recognized is primarily attributable to the operating synergies expected to be realized through the acquisition of Zerigo and the workforce of the acquired business. The fair value assigned to identifiable intangible assets acquired was based on estimates and assumptions made by management. Intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis.
The estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are as follows (in thousands):
Estimated | ||||||
Fair Value | ||||||
Assets acquired: | ||||||
Cash | $ | 35 | ||||
Property and equipment, net | 25 | |||||
Intangible assets | 1,046 | |||||
Total assets acquired | 1,106 | |||||
Liabilities assumed | ||||||
Accounts payable | (8) | |||||
Deferred income tax liability, non-current | (413) | |||||
Total liabilities assumed | (421) | |||||
Net identifiable assets acquired | 685 | |||||
Goodwill | 1,256 | |||||
Total purchase price | $ | 1,941 |
Contactual, Inc.
On September 15, 2011, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Contactual, Inc. ("Contactual"), a provider of cloud-based call center and customer interaction management solutions, pursuant to the terms of a merger agreement between the Company and Contactual.. The Company issued a total of 6,484,900 shares of common stock as acquisition consideration. This figure reflects a 215,100 share reduction related to 8x8's agreement to pay statutory tax withholding on behalf of five former Contactual executives under the terms of the merger agreement. Approximately, 1,005,000 of the shares of common stock issued as acquisition consideration are being held in escrow as security for the indemnification obligations of the Contactual stockholders under the merger
19
agreement. The preliminary estimated fair value of the consideration transferred consisted of the following (in thousands):
Cash | $ | 892 | ||||
Fair value of shares of stock issued | 30,608 | |||||
Fair value of options assumed | 274 | |||||
Total purchase price | $ | 31,774 |
The Company recorded the acquisition of tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the consideration transferred over the aggregate fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The amount of goodwill recognized is primarily attributable to the operating synergies expected to be realized through the acquisition of Contactual and the workforce of the acquired business. The fair value assigned to identifiable intangible assets acquired was based on estimates and assumptions made by management. Intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis.
The preliminary estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are as follows:
Estimated | ||||||
Fair Value | ||||||
Assets acquired: | ||||||
Cash | $ | 894 | ||||
Restricted cash | 28 | |||||
Accounts receivable, net | 572 | |||||
Prepaids and other assets | 265 | |||||
Property and equipment, net | 347 | |||||
Intangible assets | 11,150 | |||||
Total assets acquired | 13,256 | |||||
Liabilities assumed | ||||||
Accounts payable | (2,059) | |||||
Accrued compensation | (1,255) | |||||
Deferred revenue | (253) | |||||
Other accrued liabilities | (166) | |||||
Total current liabilities | (3,733) | |||||
Deferred income tax liability, non-current | (301) | |||||
Accrued liabilities, non-current | (131) | |||||
Total liabilities assumed | (4,165) | |||||
Net identifiable assets acquired | 9,091 | |||||
Goodwill | 22,683 | |||||
Total purchase price | $ | 31,774 |
The above estimated fair values of consideration transferred and assets acquired and liabilities assumed are provisional and are based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date. Measurement period adjustments reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. The Company believes that information provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed but the Company is waiting for additional information necessary to finalize those fair values. Thus, the provisional measurements of fair value set forth above are subject to change. Such a change occurred in the three months ended December 31, 2011 and increased the fair value of the consideration transferred and goodwill by $2.5 million. Such changes could be significant. The Company expects to finalize the valuation as soon as practicable but no later than one-year from the acquisition date.
20
Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information
The unaudited pro forma financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations for the Company and Contactual as if the merger occurred at the beginning of each of the reporting periods presented. The pro forma financial information for all periods presented also includes the business combination accounting effects resulting from this acquisition including the acquisition costs of $0.5 million and amortization charges from acquired intangible assets. The pro forma financial information as presented below is for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of each reporting period presented.
The unaudited pro forma financial information for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 combined the historical results of the Company for the three months ended December 31, 2011 and the six months ended September 30, 2011, the historical results of Contactual for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, and the effects of the pro forma adjustments described above.
The unaudited pro forma financial information for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2010 combined the historical results of the Company for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2010, the historical results of Contactual for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and the effects of the pro forma adjustments described above.
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||
Pro forma net revenue | $ | 23,278 | $ | 19,638 | $ | 65,494 | $ | 57,374 | ||||
Pro forma net income | $ | 2,820 | $ | 629 | $ | 4,827 | $ | 2,124 | ||||
Pro forma net income per share (basic) | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.01 | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.03 | ||||
Pro forma net income per share (diluted) | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.01 | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.03 |
There is no impact to the Company's tax provision for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 from the pro forma adjustments since the Contactual had tax losses and the Company had a 100% valuation allowance on deferred tax assets in those periods.
As the Company has begun to integrate the combined operations, eliminating overlapping processes and expenses and integrating its products and sales efforts with those of Contactual, it is impractical to determine the revenues and earnings specific to Contactual since the acquisition date.
21
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. For example, words such as "may," "will," "should," "estimates," "predicts," "potential," "continue," "strategy," "believes," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "intends," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Actual results and trends may differ materially from historical results or those projected in any such forward-looking statements depending on a variety of factors. These factors include, but are not limited to, customer acceptance and demand for our voice over Internet protocol, or VoIP, telephony products and services, the reliability of our services, the prices for our services, customer renewal rates, customer acquisition costs, actions by our competitors, including price reductions for their telephone services, potential federal and state regulatory actions, compliance costs, potential warranty claims and product defects, our needs for and the availability of adequate working capital, our ability to innovate technologically, the timely supply of products by our contract manufacturers, potential future intellectual property infringement claims that could adversely affect our business and operating results, and our ability to retain our listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market. All forward-looking statements included in this report are based on information available to us on the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. In addition to those factors discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, see the Risk Factors discussion in Item 1A of our 2011 Form 10-K and Part II, Item 1A of this Form 10-Q. The forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q are made only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to update the forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
We develop and market telecommunications services for Internet protocol, or IP, telephony and video applications as well as web-based conferencing, unified communications services, managed hosting, and cloud-based computing services. As of December 31, 2011, we had more than 27,600 business customers. Since fiscal 2004, substantially all of our revenue has been generated from the sale, license and provision of VoIP products, services and technology. Prior to fiscal 2003, our focus was on our VoIP semiconductor business.
Our fiscal year ends on March 31 of each calendar year. Each reference to a fiscal year in this report refers to the fiscal year ending March 31 of the calendar year indicated (for example, fiscal 2012 refers to the fiscal year ending March 31, 2012).
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES & ESTIMATES
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our critical accounting policies and estimates. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Our critical accounting policies and estimates are discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011. Except for the changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates discussed below, we believe that there were no significant changes in those critical accounting policies and estimates during the period ended December 31, 2011.
22
Business Combinations
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of a business acquisition are generally recorded at their fair value at the date of acquisition. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Determining fair value of identifiable assets, particularly intangibles, and liabilities acquired also requires management to make estimates, which are based on all available information and in some cases assumptions with respect to the timing and amount of future revenues and expenses associated with an asset. The estimates, assumptions and judgements made by management as to the timing and amount of future revenues and expenses and valuation methodologies used to calculate fair value affect the amount of consideration paid that is allocable to assets and liabilities acquired in the business purchase transaction.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized. Goodwill represents the excess fair value of consideration transferred over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. The carrying value of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized, but are annually tested in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year for impairment and more often if there is an indicator of impairment.
Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the periods benefited. We review the recoverability of our long-lived assets on an annual basis in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year or when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of the asset or asset group from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. The measurement of impairment requires management to estimate future cash flows and the fair value of long-lived assets.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
See Item 1 of Part I, "Financial Statements - Note 2 - Basis of Presentation - Recent Accounting Pronouncements."
23
SELECTED OPERATING STATISTICS
We periodically review certain key business metrics, within the context of our articulated performance goals, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of our operational strategies, allocate resources and maximize the financial performance of our business. The selected operating statistics include the following:
Selected Operating Statistics | |||||||||||||||
Dec 31, | Sept. 30, | June 30, | March 31, | Dec 31, | Sept. 30, | June 30, | March 31, | ||||||||
2011 | 2011 | 2011 | 2011 | 2010 | 2010 | 2010 | 2010 | ||||||||
Gross business customer additions (1) | 2,836 | 3,176 | 2,897 | 3,009 | 2,798 | 2,450 | 2,756 | 2,875 | |||||||
Gross business customer | |||||||||||||||
cancellations (less cancellations | |||||||||||||||
within 30 days of sign-up) | 1,642 | 1,620 | 1,593 | 1,645 | 1,524 | 1,459 | 1,592 | 1,616 | |||||||
Business customer churn (less | |||||||||||||||
cancellations within 30 days | |||||||||||||||
of sign-up) (2) | 2.0% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.3% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.5% | 2.7% | |||||||
Total business customers (3) | 27,677 | 26,727 | 25,455 | 24,385 | 23,251 | 22,167 | 21,362 | 20,428 | |||||||
Business customer average monthly | |||||||||||||||
service revenue per customer (4) | $ 239 | $ 207 | $ 200 | $ 204 | $ 209 | $ 209 | $ 208 | $ 204 | |||||||
Overall service margin | 77% | 77% | 78% | 78% | 77% | 78% | 78% | 77% | |||||||
Overall product margin | -24% | -45% | -53% | -73% | -65% | -57% | -38% | -43% | |||||||
Overall gross margin | 68% | 66% | 67% | 67% | 68% | 68% | 68% | 68% | |||||||
Business subscriber acquisition cost | |||||||||||||||
per service (5) | $ 92 | $ 101 | $ 89 | $ 91 | $ 99 | $ 108 | $ 109 | $ 97 | |||||||
Average number of services subscribed | |||||||||||||||
to per business customer | 9.4 | 9.0 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.5 | |||||||
Business customer subscriber | |||||||||||||||
acquisition cost (6) | $ 867 | $ 906 | $ 743 | $ 725 | $ 768 | $ 826 | $ 818 | $ 723 |
(1) |
Includes 49 and 250 customers acquired directly from our acquisitions in the first quarter of fiscal 2011 and second quarter of fiscal 2012 from Central Host, Inc. ("Central Host") and Contactual, Inc. ("Contactual"), respectively, and does not include customers of Virtual Office Solo or Zerigo, Inc. ("Zerigo"). |
(2) |
Business customer churn is calculated by dividing the number of business customers that terminated (after the expiration of the 30-day trial) during that period by the simple average number of business customers during the period and dividing the result by the number of months in the period. The simple average number of business customers during the period is the number of business customers on the first day of the period plus the number of business customers on the last day of the period divided by two. |
(3) |
Business customers are defined as customers paying for service. Customers that are currently in the 30- day trial period are considered to be customers that are paying for service. Customers subscribing to Virtual Office Solo or Zerigo services are not included as business customers. |
(4) |
Business customer average monthly service revenue per customer is service revenue from business customers in the period divided by the number of months in the period divided by the simple average number of business customers during the period. |
(5) |
Business subscriber acquisition cost per service is defined as the combined costs of advertising, marketing, promotions, sales commissions and equipment subsidies for business services sold during the period divided by the number of gross business services added during the period. |
(6) |
Business customer subscriber acquisition cost is business subscriber acquisition cost per service times the average number of services subscribed to per business customer. |
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.
December 31, | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||
Service revenue | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | 21,200 | $ | 16,664 | $ | 4,536 | 27.2% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 91.1% | 93.7% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | 56,234 | $ | 48,098 | $ | 8,136 | 16.9% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 91.3% | 92.5% |
Service revenue consists primarily of revenue attributable to the provision of our services. We expect that service revenue will continue to comprise nearly all of our revenue for the foreseeable future. Service revenue increased in the third quarter of fiscal 2012 compared with the same period of fiscal 2011 primarily due to the increase in our business customer subscriber base, which grew from approximately 23,251 business customers on December 31, 2010, to 27,677 on December 31, 2011, and the acquisition of Contactual in September 2011. The increase for the first nine months of fiscal 2012 compared with the same period of fiscal 2011 was primarily attributable to the increase in our business customer base from 24,385 businesses on April 1, 2011 to 27,677 on December 31, 2011, and the acquisition of Contactual in September 2011.
December 31, | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||
Product revenue | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | 2,078 | $ | 1,114 | $ | 964 | 86.5% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 8.9% | 6.3% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | 5,370 | $ | 3,881 | $ | 1,489 | 38.4% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 8.7% | 7.5% |
Product revenue consists primarily of revenue from sales of customer premise IP telephones used with our service. Product revenue increased for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 compared with the same periods of fiscal 2011 primarily because of an increase in equipment sales to business customers. No customer represented greater than 10% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. Revenue from customers outside the United States was not material for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 or 2010.
December 31, | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||
Cost of service revenue | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | 4,890 | $ | 3,819 | $ | 1,071 | 28.0% | ||||
Percentage of service revenue | 23.1% | 22.9% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | 12,764 | $ | 10,790 | $ | 1,974 | 18.3% | ||||
Percentage of service revenue | 22.7% | 22.4% |
The cost of service revenue primarily consists of costs associated with network operations and related personnel, telephony origination and termination services provided by third party carriers and technology license and royalty expenses. Cost of service revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2011 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $0.4 million increase in payroll and related costs, a $0.3 million increase in third party network service fees, a $0.3 million increase in depreciation and amortization expense primarily due to intangibles acquired as part of business combinations, and a $0.2 million increase in consulting and outside service expenses. The increase in cost of service revenue was partially offset by a $0.1 million decrease in license and fee expenses.
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Cost of service revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2011 increased from the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $0.8 million increase in payroll and related costs, a $0.4 million increase in third party network service fees, $0.3 million increase in consulting and outside service expenses, a $0.2 million increase in depreciation expense, a $0.2 million increase in amortization expense primarily due to intangibles acquired as part of business combinations , a $0.1 million increase in support and maintenance expenses and a $0.1 million increase in expensed computer equipment and furniture and fixtures. The increase in cost of service revenue was partially offset by a $0.1 million decrease in license and fee expenses.
December 31, | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||
Cost of product revenue | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | 2,584 | $ | 1,840 | $ | 744 | 40.4% | ||||
Percentage of product revenue | 124.4% | 165.2% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | 7,467 | $ | 5,897 | $ | 1,570 | 26.6% | ||||
Percentage of product revenue | 139.1% | 151.9% |
The cost of product revenue consists of costs associated with systems, components, system manufacturing, assembly and testing performed by third-party vendors, estimated warranty obligations and direct and indirect costs associated with product purchasing, scheduling, quality assurance, shipping and handling. We allocate a portion of service revenue to product revenue but this revenue is less than the cost of the IP phone equipment. The cost of product revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2011 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to an increase in the shipment of equipment to customers.
The cost of product revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2011 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year due to an increase in the shipment of equipment to customers. The increase in cost of product revenue was partially offset by a $0.1 million decrease in payroll and related costs.
December 31, | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||
Research and development | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | 1,955 | $ | 1,131 | $ | 824 | 72.9% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 8.4% | 6.4% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | 4,902 | $ | 3,628 | $ | 1,274 | 35.1% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 8.0% | 7.0% |
Historically, our research and development expenses have consisted primarily of personnel, system prototype design, and equipment costs necessary for us to conduct our engineering and development efforts. We expense research and development costs, including software development costs, as they are incurred. The research and development expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2011 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $0.7 million increase in payroll and related costs and a $0.1 million increase consulting and outside service expenses.
The research and development expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2011 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year due to a $0.9 million increase in payroll and related costs, a $0.3 million increase in consulting and outside service expenses and a $0.1 million increase in other miscellaneous expenses.
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December 31, | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | 11,297 | $ | 9,570 | $ | 1,727 | 18.0% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 48.5% | 53.8% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | 31,448 | $ | 27,453 | $ | 3,995 | 14.6% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 51.0% | 52.8% |
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel and related overhead costs for sales, marketing, customer support, finance, human resources and general management. Such costs also include outsourced customer service call center operations, sales commissions, as well as trade show, advertising and other marketing and promotional expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2011 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily because of a $1.7 million increase in payroll and related costs primarily due to an increase in headcount as a result of the acquisition of Contactual, a $0.4 million increase in advertising expenses, a $0.1 million increase in facility related expenses primarily due to assumption of Contactual operating lease, a $0.1 million increase in amortization expense primarily due to acquisition of intangibles acquired in business combinations, a $0.1 million increase in temporary employees, consulting and outside service expenses, a $0.1 million increase in travel and meal expenses, and a $0.1 million increase in sales promotion expenses. The increase in expenses was partially offset by a $0.7 million reduction in legal expenses and a $0.2 million reduction in sales and use tax primarily due to settlement and release of accrued sales and use tax related to sales and use tax audit.
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the first nine months of fiscal 2012 increased over the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily because of a $3.1 million increase in payroll and related costs primarily due to an increase in headcount as a result of growth in the business and the acquisition of Contactual, a $0.4 million increase in sales promotion expenses, a $0.3 million increase in advertising expenses, a $0.1 million increase in facility related expenses primarily due to assumption of Contactual operating lease, a $0.1 million increase in amortization expense primarily due to acquisition of intangibles acquired in business combinations, a $0.1 million increase in travel and meal expenses, a $0.1 million increase in credit card processing fees, a $0.1 million increase in bad debt expenses, a $0.1 million increase in tradeshow expenses and a $0.2 million increase in other miscellaneous expenses. The increase in expenses was partially offset by a $0.3 million reduction in legal expenses, a $0.2 million reduction in sales and use tax primarily due to settlement and release of accrued sales and use tax related to sales and use tax audit and a $0.1 million reduction in third party rep commissions.
December 31, | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||
Other income, net | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | 49 | $ | 78 | $ | (29) | -37.2% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 0.2% | 0.4% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | 58 | $ | 112 | $ | (54) | -48.2% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 0.1% | 0.2% |
In the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, other income, net consisted of interest expense, distribution of capital gains on investments and interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalents and investments. Other income, net decreased for the three months ended December 31, 2011, primarily because of the capital gains distribution of $65,000 in December 2010.
Other income, net decreased for the nine months ended December 31, 2011 primarily because of the buyout, including interest expense, of capital leases acquired with the acquisition of Contactual in September 2011.
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Income on change in fair value | December 31, | Dollar | Percent | ||||||||
of warrant liability | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | N/A | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | - | $ | 167 | $ | (167) | -100.0% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 0.0% | 0.3% |
In connection with the sale of shares of our common stock in fiscal 2005 and 2006, we issued warrants in three different equity financings. The change in income on change in fair value of the warrant liability for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011 is due to the partial exercise and expiration of the warrants in the third quarter of fiscal 2011. These warrants expired in December 2010.
December 31, | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income tax | 2011 | 2010 | Change | Change | |||||||
(dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Three months ended | $ | 15 | $ | - | $ | 15 | N/A | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | 0.1% | 0.0% | |||||||||
Nine months ended | $ | (284) | $ | 7 | $ | (291) | -4157.1% | ||||
Percentage of total revenue | -0.5% | 0.0% |
The increase in income tax expense for the three months ended December 31, 2011 compared with the same period in the prior fiscal year was primarily due to an increase in the state gross receipt and franchise taxes in several states compared to the comparable period in the prior year.
The income tax benefit for the nine months ended December 31, 2011 was primarily due a $0.3 million release of the valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset as the Company has deemed it is more likely than not it will be used to offset a deferred tax liability of $0.3 million recorded in connection with the acquisition of Zerigo in June 2011.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2011, we had approximately $21.9 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2011 was approximately $6.4 million, compared with $7.0 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2010. The decrease in cash flow was primarily due to an increase in operating expenses in the first nine months of fiscal 2012, including legal fees incurred for the purchase of Contactual ($0.4 million) and liabilities assumed with purchase of Contactual in September 2011, including broker fees of $0.7 million and legal fees of $0.2 million, partially offset by a $0.3 million release of the valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset as the Company has deemed it is more likely than not it will be used to offset the $0.3 million deferred tax liability recorded in connection with the acquisition of Zerigo. Cash provided by operating activities has historically been affected by the amount of net income, sales of subscriptions, changes in working capital accounts particularly in deferred revenue due to timing of annual plan renewals, add-backs of non-cash expense items such as depreciation and amortization, the expense associated with stock-based awards and the change in fair value of warrant liability.
Net cash used in investing activities was $2.5 million during the nine months ended December 31, 2011, compared with $5.2 million used in investing activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2010. The decrease in cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended December 31, 2011 was primarily related to a reduction in the acquisition of strategic and other investments ($2.3 million), a decrease in acquisition of business ($0.3 million) and a decrease in the purchase of additional equipment ($0.1 million).
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Our financing activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2011 consisted primarily of cash used to repurchase shares of our common stock ($1.0 million), payment of capital leases, including buyout of capital leases acquired with purchase of Contactual in September 2011 ($0.3 million) which was partially offset by the issuance of shares due to exercise of employee stock options and purchase of shares under the employee stock purchase plan ($0.9 million).
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency
Our financial market risk consists primarily of risks associated with international operations and related foreign currencies. We derive a portion of our revenue from customers in Europe and Asia. In order to reduce the risk from fluctuation in foreign exchange rates, the vast majority of our sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition, almost all of our arrangements with our contract manufacturers are denominated in U.S. dollars. We have not entered into any currency hedging activities. To date, our exposure to exchange rate volatility has not been significant; however, there can be no assurance that there will not be a material impact in the future.
Investments
We maintain an investment portfolio of various holdings, types and maturities. These marketable securities and investments are generally classified as available for sale and, consequently, are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value with unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. Part of this portfolio includes investments in mutual funds.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Disclosure Controls") that are designed to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports filed or submitted under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and that such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our Disclosure Controls. Based on this evaluation our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our Disclosure Controls were effective as of December 31, 2011.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our Disclosure Controls or internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system's objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
During the third quarter of fiscal 2012, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II -- OTHER INFORMATION
Descriptions of our legal proceedings are contained in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements — Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — "Note 9".
We face many significant risks in our business, some of which are unknown to us and not presently foreseen. These risks could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations in the future. We have disclosed a number of material risks under Part I, Item 1A of our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, which we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 23, 2011 in addition to the following updated risk factor disclosures.
The FCC adopted an order reforming the system of payments between regulated carriers that we partner with to interface with the public switch telephone network. The rates we pay for the services performed by these carriers may increase as a result of the FCC's reform order. As a result, we may increase rates for service, making our offerings less competitive with others in the marketplace, or reduce our profitability.
The FCC recently reformed the system under which regulated providers of telecommunications services compensate each other for various types of traffic, including Voice over Internet Protocol ("VoIP") traffic that originates or terminates on the PSTN and applied new call signaling requirements to VoIP and other service providers. The FCC's rules concerning charges for transmission of VoIP traffic could result in an increased cost to terminate the traffic absent specific agreements that provide the appropriate rate to be charged for such traffic when passed between us and other carriers. For VoIP traffic that originates or terminates on the Public Switched Telephone Network ("PSTN"), the Order establishes a transitional framework that: (1) establishes default intercarrier compensation rates for "toll" VoIP-PSTN traffic that are equal to interstate access rates applicable to non-VoIP traffic; (2) establishes default intercarrier compensation rates for other VoIP-PSTN traffic that will be the applicable reciprocal compensation rates; and (3) allows regulated providers of telecommunications services to tariff these default charges in the relevant federal and state tariffs that apply in the absence of an agreement. The rules then provide for a multiyear transition to a national "bill-and-keep" framework as the ultimate end state for all telecommunications traffic exchanged with a local exchange carrier. Under bill-and-keep, providers do not charge an originating carrier for terminating traffic and instead recover the costs of termination from their own customers. To the extent that the company transmits traffic not subject to a specific intercarrier compensation arrangement and another provider were to assert that the traffic we exchange with them is subject to higher levels of compensation than we, or the third parties terminating our traffic to the PSTN, pay today (if any), our termination costs could initially increase, but ultimately will be reduced as the intercarrier compensation system transitions to a bill-and-keep framework. Accordingly, in the near term, our costs may increase which could result in either us increasing the retail charges for our service offerings or reducing our profitability. But, over the longer term, we expect our costs to terminate traffic to the PSTN to decline.
The FCC's recently adopted Order reforming payments that carrier exchange for various type of traffic also imposes call signaling requirements on VoIP providers like us. To the extent that we cannot comply with these rules, we may be subject to fines, cease and desist orders, or other penalties.
The recent FCC Order reforming the system of compensation for various types of traffic also included rules to address calls for which identifying information is missing or masked in ways that impede billing for such traffic. The FCC's new rules require, among other things, interconnected VoIP providers, like us, that originate interstate or intrastate traffic destined for the PSTN, to transmit the telephone number associated with the calling party to the next provider in the call path. Intermediate providers must pass calling party number or charge number signaling information they receive from other providers unaltered, to subsequent providers in the call path. While we believe we are in compliance with this rule, to the extent that we pass traffic that does not have appropriate calling party number or charge number information, we could be subject to fines, cease and desist orders, or other penalties.
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The FCC's recently adopted Order reforming payments between carriers for various types of traffic also includes a Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking. Depending on the rules adopted by the FCC in this proceeding, the payments we make to underlying carriers to access the Public Switched Telephone Network may increase, which may result in us increasing the retail price of our service, potentially making our offering less competitive with traditional providers of telecommunications services, or may reduce our profitability.
The FCC's recently adopted Order reforming payments between carriers for various types of traffic includes a Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking which may result in the FCC adopting additional rules applicable to the exchange of traffic between regulated providers of telecommunications services. While it is uncertain what rules, if any, the FCC will adopt and when the FCC may do so, it is possible that as a result of this proceeding the charges our underlying service providers assess us will increase when we send traffic to the Public Switched Telephone Network. Should this occur, we may have to raise the retail rate of our offering, potentially making our services less competitive with traditional providers of telecommunications services, or our profit margins may decrease. The FCC proceeding is ongoing and we cannot predict whether the FCC will act, what rules it may adopt nor can we predict what impact it may have on our business at this time.
Our business depends on continued and unimpeded access to the Internet by us and our users. Internet access providers and Internet backbone providers may be able to block, degrade or charge for access to certain of our products and services, which could lead to additional expenses and the loss of users.
Our products and services depend on the ability of our users to access the Internet, and certain of our products require significant bandwidth to work effectively. Currently, this access is provided by companies that have significant and increasing market power in the broadband and Internet access marketplace, including incumbent telephone companies, cable companies and mobile communications companies. Some of these providers offer products and services that directly compete with our own offerings, which gives them a significant competitive advantage. Some of these providers have stated that they may take measures that could degrade, disrupt or increase the cost of user access to certain of our products by restricting or prohibiting the use of their infrastructure to support or facilitate our offerings, or by charging increased fees to us or our users to provide our offerings, while others, including some of the largest providers of broadband Internet access services, have committed to not engaging in such behavior.
On December 23, 2010, the FCC adopted an order that imposes "network neutrality" obligations on providers of fixed and wireless broadband Internet access services, with wireless providers subject to a more limited set of rules. Among other things, the rules: (1) require providers of consumer broadband Internet access to publicly disclose their network management practices and the performance and commercial terms of their broadband Internet access services; (2) prevent broadband Internet access providers from blocking lawful content, applications, services, or non-harmful devices, subject to reasonable network management; and (3) prevent broadband Internet access providers from unreasonably discriminating in the transmission of lawful network traffic over a consumer's broadband Internet access service. The FCC rules became effective on November 20, 2011. Numerous parties have appealed these rules which have been consolidated before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. We cannot predict the outcome of these appeals nor the impact of these rules on our business at this time. While interference with access to our products and services seems unlikely, broadband Internet access provider interference has occurred, in very limited circumstances in the U.S., and could result in a loss of existing users and increased costs, and could impair our ability to attract new users, thereby negatively impacting our revenue and growth.
The FCC may require us to deploy an E-911 service that automatically determines the location of our customers. The adoption of such a requirement could increase our costs that could make our service more expensive, decrease our profit margins, or both.
On June 1, 2007, the FCC released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in which it tentatively concluded that all interconnected VoIP service providers that allow customers to use their service in more than one location (nomadic VoIP service providers such as us) must utilize an automatic location technology that meets the same accuracy standards which apply to providers of commercial mobile radio services (mobile phone service providers). In September 2010, the FCC released a Notice of Inquiry again requesting comment on what type of automatic location standards should apply to providers of nomadic VoIP service providers, whether the FCC's rules concerning the delivery of emergency services should be extended beyond providers of interconnected VoIP services, and whether
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such emergency service obligations should apply to mobile VoIP applications used on smartphones, computers and other devices. In July 2011, the FCC released a Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, seeking comment on a number of issues including (i) whether to apply the FCC's E-911 rules to "outbound-only" interconnected VoIP services (i.e., services that support placing calls to the PSTN); (ii) whether to adopt rules requiring all interconnected VoIP service to automatically provide location information for emergency calls; and (iii) whether to revise the FCC's definition of interconnected VoIP service to require an "Internet connection" rather than a broadband connection, and to "define connectivity in terms of the ability to connect calls to the United States E.164 telephone numbers rather than the PSTN." Also, the FCC released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking that sought comment on whether any amendment of the definition of interconnected VoIP service should be limited to E-911 requirements, or should apply other regulatory requirements to these additional services. In September 2011, the FCC released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking soliciting comment on what the role the agency could play in the fostering the development and implementation of newer 911 technologies including, but not limited to, prioritization of 911 traffic triggered by an event such as a natural disaster, long-term implementation of IP-based alternatives for delivering different kinds of media to emergency call takers like video, photographs, and other forms of data, and text-to-911 solutions.
The outcome of these proceedings cannot be determined at this time and we may or may not be able to comply with any such obligations that may be adopted. At present, we currently have no means to automatically identify the physical location of one of our customers on the Internet. The FCC's VoIP E-911 order has increased our cost of doing business and may adversely affect our ability to deliver the 8x8 service to new and existing customers in all geographic regions or to nomadic customers who move to a location where emergency calling services compliant with the FCC's mandates are unavailable. Our compliance with and increased costs due to the FCC's VoIP E-911 order put us at a competitive disadvantage to those VoIP service providers who are either not subject to the requirements or have chosen not to comply with the FCC's mandates. We cannot guarantee that emergency calling service consistent with the VoIP E-911 order will be available to all of our customers, especially those accessing our services from outside of the United States. The FCC's current VoIP E-911 order or follow-on orders or clarifications or their impact on our customers due to service price increases or other factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.
A recent petition filed by tw telecom inc. with the FCC seeks an Order that its provision of facilities-based interconnected VoIP services should be classified as "telecommunications services," "telephone exchange services," and/or "exchange access" under relevant federal law. We cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding nor its impact on our business at this time.
In July 2011, the FCC released a Public Notice concerning a Petition for Declaratory Ruling filed by tw telecom inc. The Petitioner requests the FCC to clarify that incumbent providers of local telephone service, like AT&T and Verizon, allow for direct IP-to-IP interconnection with incumbent local exchange carriers for certain IP-based services. Specifically, tw telecom seeks direct IP-to-IP interconnection from incumbent local telephone companies for the transmission and routing of tw telecom's facilities-based VoIP services and for voice services that originate and terminate in Time Division Multiplexing format but are converted to IP format for transport (referred to by the industry as "IP-in-the-middle" voice services). Additionally, tw telecom is asking for the FCC to clarify that its facilities-based VoIP services are "telecommunications services" as well as "telephone exchange services" and/or "exchange access," as those terms are defined under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended by the Telecommunications Act of 1996. We cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding nor its potential impact on our business at this time. Depending on how the FCC rules on the tw telecom petition, we could be subject to greater regulation at the state level which would increase our costs of doing business. It is also possible that an adverse ruling by the FCC in this proceeding could change the intercarrier compensation rate that our carriers pay to handle our traffic which could also increase our costs. Increased costs to us may require us to raise our prices, making our services less competitive, reduce our profit margins, or both.
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The FCC may require providers like us to comply with regulations related to how we present bills to customers. The adoption of such obligations may require us to revise our bills and may increase our costs of providing service which could either result in price increases or reduce our profitability.
In July 2011, the FCC released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, requesting comment on proposed rules that are designed to aid consumers in identifying and preventing the placement of unauthorized charges on their telephone bills, a practice referred to in the industry as "cramming." Among other things, the FCC seeks comment on whether the proposed rules or similar obligations should apply to providers of interconnected VoIP services, like us. Additionally, the FCC is seeking comment on whether its "Truth-in-Billing" rules should apply to interconnected VoIP service providers. We cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding, nor can we predict its potential impact on our business at this time. These events could increase our expenses, which would have an adverse effect on our operating results.
The FCC may expand disabilities access requirements to additional services we offer.
In October, 2010, the "Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act" was signed into law. The law requires the FCC to initiate a proceeding to determine what services should be required to offer access for people with disabilities and what those accessibility requirements should entail. In October, 2011, the FCC adopted an order implementing the new accessibility requirements as well as released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking concerning certain, additional, discrete issues. We cannot predict whether we will be subject to additional accessibility requirements or whether any of our service offerings that are not currently subject to disabilities access requirements will be subject to such obligations. These events could increase our expenses, which would have an adverse effect on our operating results.
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: January 20, 2012
8X8, INC. |
(Registrant) |
By: /s/ DANIEL WEIRICH |
Daniel Weirich |
Chief Financial Officer |
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