UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
ý | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007 |
|
OR |
|
o |
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File Number 001-33139 |
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
20-3530539 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
|
225 Brae Boulevard Park Ridge, New Jersey 07656-0713 (201) 307-2000 (Address, including Zip Code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant's principal executive offices) |
||
Not Applicable (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.) |
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer ý |
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý
There were 321,735,232 shares of the registrant's common stock, par value $0.01 per share, issued and outstanding as of November 9, 2007.
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX
|
|
Page |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ||||
ITEM 1. |
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
||||
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
1 |
||||
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 |
2 |
||||
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 |
3 |
||||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 |
45 |
||||
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
633 |
||||
ITEM 2. |
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
3469 |
|||
ITEM 3. |
Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
70 |
|||
ITEM 4. |
Controls and Procedures |
70 |
|||
PART II. |
OTHER INFORMATION |
||||
ITEM 1. |
Legal Proceedings |
71 |
|||
ITEM 1A. |
Risk Factors |
7292 |
|||
ITEM 6. |
Exhibits |
9395 |
|||
SIGNATURE |
96 |
||||
EXHIBIT INDEX |
9799 |
ITEM 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To
the Board of Directors and Stockholders
of Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.:
We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of September 30, 2007 and the related consolidated statements of operations for each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.
We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet and the related interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We previously audited in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2006 and the related consolidated statements of operations, of stockholders' equity and of cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated March 30, 2007 we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2006 is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.
/s/
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Florham Park, New Jersey
November 13, 2007
1
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands of Dollars)
Unaudited
|
September 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASSETS | ||||||||||
Cash and equivalents | $ | 397,263 | $ | 674,549 | ||||||
Restricted cash | 430,156 | 552,516 | ||||||||
Receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $8,630 and $1,989 | 1,834,067 | 1,656,542 | ||||||||
Inventories, at lower of cost or market | 124,104 | 112,119 | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 356,526 | 369,922 | ||||||||
Revenue earning equipment, at cost: | ||||||||||
Cars | 9,783,974 | 8,188,794 | ||||||||
Less accumulated depreciation | (914,857 | ) | (822,387 | ) | ||||||
Other equipment | 3,119,489 | 2,686,947 | ||||||||
Less accumulated depreciation | (399,512 | ) | (247,846 | ) | ||||||
Total revenue earning equipment | 11,589,094 | 9,805,508 | ||||||||
Property and equipment, at cost: | ||||||||||
Land, buildings and leasehold improvements | 1,031,949 | 969,195 | ||||||||
Service equipment | 677,154 | 597,882 | ||||||||
1,709,103 | 1,567,077 | |||||||||
Less accumulated depreciation | (344,698 | ) | (199,020 | ) | ||||||
Total property and equipment | 1,364,405 | 1,368,057 | ||||||||
Other intangible assets, net | 3,137,668 | 3,173,495 | ||||||||
Goodwill | 991,918 | 964,693 | ||||||||
Total assets | $ | 20,225,201 | $ | 18,677,401 | ||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 1,009,077 | $ | 654,327 | ||||||
Accrued liabilities | 935,749 | 976,949 | ||||||||
Accrued taxes | 203,318 | 92,469 | ||||||||
Debt | 13,034,961 | 12,276,184 | ||||||||
Public liability and property damage | 352,104 | 327,024 | ||||||||
Deferred taxes on income | 1,840,387 | 1,801,073 | ||||||||
Total liabilities | 17,375,596 | 16,128,026 | ||||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||||
Minority interest |
23,443 |
14,813 |
||||||||
Stockholders' equity: |
||||||||||
Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000,000 shares authorized, 321,570,472 and 320,618,692 shares issued | 3,216 | 3,206 | ||||||||
Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued | | | ||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 2,458,846 | 2,427,293 | ||||||||
Retained earnings | 189,707 | 9,535 | ||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 174,393 | 94,528 | ||||||||
Total stockholders' equity | 2,826,162 | 2,534,562 | ||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 20,225,201 | $ | 18,677,401 | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
2
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In Thousands of Dollars, except share data)
Unaudited
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||
Car rental | $ | 1,944,499 | $ | 1,753,269 | $ | 5,161,230 | $ | 4,745,581 | |||||||
Equipment rental | 464,716 | 452,850 | 1,287,350 | 1,236,192 | |||||||||||
Other | 40,397 | 34,475 | 98,228 | 86,048 | |||||||||||
Total revenues | 2,449,612 | 2,240,594 | 6,546,808 | 6,067,821 | |||||||||||
Expenses: | |||||||||||||||
Direct operating | 1,216,114 | 1,176,783 | 3,495,152 | 3,384,152 | |||||||||||
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment | 535,039 | 467,913 | 1,498,893 | 1,311,387 | |||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 203,183 | 182,213 | 586,000 | 541,701 | |||||||||||
Interest, net of interest income of $6,707, $10,666, $26,974 and $27,166 | 240,150 | 249,714 | 661,251 | 672,637 | |||||||||||
Total expenses | 2,194,486 | 2,076,623 | 6,241,296 | 5,909,877 | |||||||||||
Income before income taxes and minority interest |
255,126 |
163,971 |
305,512 |
157,944 |
|||||||||||
Provision for taxes on income | (86,870 | ) | (51,458 | ) | (107,291 | ) | (69,552 | ) | |||||||
Minority interest | (5,549 | ) | (4,975 | ) | (14,405 | ) | (12,272 | ) | |||||||
Net income | $ | 162,707 | $ | 107,538 | $ | 183,816 | $ | 76,120 | |||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||
Basic | 321,487 | 231,857 | 321,004 | 230,665 | |||||||||||
Diluted | 327,507 | 231,857 | 325,256 | 230,665 | |||||||||||
Earnings per share | |||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.51 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.33 | |||||||
Diluted | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.33 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
3
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In Thousands of Dollars)
Unaudited
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
Net income | $ | 183,816 | $ | 76,120 | |||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment | 1,498,893 | 1,311,387 | |||||||||
Depreciation of property and equipment | 134,389 | 147,945 | |||||||||
Amortization of other intangible assets | 46,560 | 46,260 | |||||||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs | 36,787 | 52,373 | |||||||||
Amortization of debt discount | 16,507 | 25,670 | |||||||||
Debt modification costs | 16,177 | | |||||||||
Stock-based employee compensation | 24,269 | 20,873 | |||||||||
Unrealized loss on mark-to-market of Euro-denominated debt | | 19,233 | |||||||||
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives | (3,006 | ) | 2,962 | ||||||||
Loss (gain) on ineffectiveness of interest rate swaps | 17,712 | (1,034 | ) | ||||||||
Provision for losses on doubtful accounts | 10,375 | 13,730 | |||||||||
Minority interest | 14,405 | 12,272 | |||||||||
Deferred taxes on income | 58,106 | 60,984 | |||||||||
Gain on sale of property | (9,789 | ) | | ||||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisition: | |||||||||||
Receivables | (102,391 | ) | 341,558 | ||||||||
Inventories, prepaid expenses and other assets | (44,569 | ) | (36,717 | ) | |||||||
Accounts payable | 284,063 | 55,928 | |||||||||
Accrued liabilities | (46,066 | ) | 54,229 | ||||||||
Accrued taxes | 69,550 | 7,893 | |||||||||
Public liability and property damage | 7,275 | (8,850 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 2,213,063 | $ | 2,202,816 | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
4
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(In Thousands of Dollars)
Unaudited
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
Net change in restricted cash | $ | 124,087 | $ | (349,452 | ) | ||||||
Revenue earning equipment expenditures | (9,569,217 | ) | (9,354,832 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from disposal of revenue earning equipment | 6,574,011 | 6,998,485 | |||||||||
Property and equipment expenditures | (144,128 | ) | (181,141 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment | 48,549 | 47,770 | |||||||||
Licensee acquisitions | (10,571 | ) | | ||||||||
Other investing activities | (190 | ) | (1,926 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (2,977,459 | ) | (2,841,096 | ) | |||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt | 5,873 | 1,301,489 | |||||||||
Repayment of long-term debt | (957,557 | ) | (108,840 | ) | |||||||
Short-term borrowings: | |||||||||||
Proceeds | 695,000 | 691,972 | |||||||||
Repayments | (225,000 | ) | (777,990 | ) | |||||||
Ninety day term or less, net | 976,611 | 109,932 | |||||||||
Proceeds from the sale of common stock | | 24,227 | |||||||||
Payment of financing costs | (24,265 | ) | (47,145 | ) | |||||||
Distributions to minority interest | (5,775 | ) | (5,249 | ) | |||||||
Exercise of stock options | 4,287 | | |||||||||
Proceeds from stockholder short-swing profits | 4,745 | | |||||||||
Dividends paid | | (999,248 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 473,919 | 189,148 | |||||||||
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and equivalents | 13,191 | 45,972 | |||||||||
Net decrease in cash and equivalents during the period | (277,286 | ) | (403,160 | ) | |||||||
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period | 674,549 | 843,908 | |||||||||
Cash and equivalents at end of period | $ | 397,263 | $ | 440,748 | |||||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: |
|||||||||||
Cash paid during the period for: | |||||||||||
Interest (net of amounts capitalized) | $ | 662,167 | $ | 528,253 | |||||||
Income taxes | 18,364 | 16,499 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
5
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited
Note 1Basis of Presentation
Hertz Global Holdings, Inc., or "Hertz Holdings," is our top-level holding company. The Hertz Corporation, or "Hertz," is our primary operating company and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Hertz Investors, Inc., which is wholly owned by Hertz Holdings. "We," "us" and "our" mean Hertz Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries, including Hertz.
We are a successor to corporations that have been engaged in the car and truck rental and leasing business since 1918 and the equipment rental business since 1965. Hertz Holdings was incorporated in Delaware in 2005 and had no operations prior to the Acquisition (as defined below). Hertz was incorporated in Delaware in 1967. Ford Motor Company, or "Ford," acquired an ownership interest in Hertz in 1987. Prior to this, Hertz was a subsidiary of UAL Corporation (formerly Allegis Corporation), which acquired Hertz's outstanding capital stock from RCA Corporation in 1985.
On December 21, 2005, or the "Closing Date," investment funds associated with or designated by Clayton, Dubilier & Rice, Inc., or "CD&R," The Carlyle Group, or "Carlyle," and Merrill Lynch Global Private Equity, or "MLGPE," or collectively the "Sponsors," through CCMG Acquisition Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Hertz Holdings (previously known as CCMG Holdings, Inc.) acquired all of Hertz's common stock from Ford Holdings LLC for aggregate consideration of $4,379 million in cash, debt refinanced or assumed of $10,116 million and transaction fees and expenses of $447 million.
We refer to the acquisition of all of Hertz's common stock through a wholly owned subsidiary of Hertz Holdings as the "Acquisition." We refer to the Acquisition, together with related transactions entered into to finance the cash consideration for the Acquisition, to refinance certain of our existing indebtedness and to pay related transaction fees and expenses, as the "Transactions."
In November 2006, we completed our initial public offering of 88,235,000 shares of our common stock at a per share price of $15.00, with proceeds to us before underwriting discounts and offering expenses of approximately $1.3 billion. The proceeds were used to repay borrowings that were outstanding under a $1.0 billion loan facility entered into by Hertz Holdings, or the "Hertz Holdings Loan Facility," and to pay related transaction fees and expenses. The proceeds were also used to pay special cash dividends of $1.12 per share on November 21, 2006 to stockholders of record of Hertz Holdings immediately prior to the initial public offering.
In June 2007, the Sponsors completed a secondary public offering of 51,750,000 shares of their Hertz Holdings common stock at a per share price of $22.25. We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of these shares. We paid all of the expenses of the offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions of the selling stockholders, pursuant to a registration rights agreement we entered into at the time of the Acquisition. These expenses aggregated to approximately $2.0 million. Immediately following the secondary public offering, the Sponsors' ownership percentage in us decreased to approximately 55%.
The significant accounting policies summarized in Note 1 to our audited consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2007, or the "Form 10-K," have been followed in preparing the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, with the exception of a change made to our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment review date, see Note 4Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.
6
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
In our opinion, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations for the interim periods have been made. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.
The December 31, 2006 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from our audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or "GAAP."
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with current reporting.
Note 2Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or "FASB," issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements," or "SFAS No. 157." This pronouncement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS No. 157 are effective for us beginning in January 2008. We are currently reviewing SFAS No. 157 to determine its impact, if any, on our financial position or results of operations.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The provisions of SFAS No. 159 are effective for us beginning in January 2008. We are currently reviewing SFAS No. 159 to determine its impact, if any, on our financial position or results of operations.
Note 3Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash
We consider all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Restricted cash includes cash and equivalents that are not readily available for our normal disbursements. Restricted cash and equivalents are restricted for the acquisition of vehicles and equipment under our like-kind exchange programs, the repayment of outstanding indebtedness under our fleet debt programs and to satisfy certain of our self-insurance regulatory reserve requirements. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the portion of total restricted cash that was associated with our fleet debt was $390.0 million and $487.0 million, respectively.
Note 4Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We account for goodwill and intangible assets under SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets must be tested for impairment at least annually. We conducted the required annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment review in the second quarter of 2007 and determined that there was no impairment. Subsequent to performing our annual impairment review with respect to our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets in the second quarter of 2007, we changed the date of these tests to be performed during the fourth quarter of 2007 based on financial information available through October 1, 2007. We believe this change in accounting principle is preferable because the new date more closely aligns with our annual budgeting process and allows for a better estimation of the future cash flows used in the discounted cash flow model we use to test for impairment. The change in accounting principle has no effect on our consolidated financial statements presented herein.
7
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
The following summarizes the changes in our goodwill, by segment, for the periods presented (in thousands of dollars):
|
Car Rental |
Equipment Rental |
Total |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance as of December 31, 2006 | $ | 336,579 | $ | 628,114 | $ | 964,693 | |||
Changes(1) | 14,466 | 12,759 | 27,225 | ||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2007 | $ | 351,045 | $ | 640,873 | $ | 991,918 | |||
Other intangible assets, net, consisted of the following major classes (in thousands of dollars):
|
September 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Value |
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Value |
|||||||||||||||
Amortizable intangible assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Customer-related | $ | 617,086 | $ | (109,103 | ) | $ | 507,983 | $ | 611,783 | $ | (63,046 | ) | $ | 548,737 | |||||||
Other | 5,794 | (1,015 | ) | 4,779 | 1,270 | (512 | ) | 758 | |||||||||||||
Total | 622,880 | (110,118 | ) | 512,762 | 613,053 | (63,558 | ) | 549,495 | |||||||||||||
Indefinite-lived intangible assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Trade name | 2,624,000 | | 2,624,000 | 2,624,000 | | 2,624,000 | |||||||||||||||
Other | 906 | | 906 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Total | 2,624,906 | | 2,624,906 | 2,624,000 | | 2,624,000 | |||||||||||||||
Total other intangible assets, net | $ | 3,247,786 | $ | (110,118 | ) | $ | 3,137,668 | $ | 3,237,053 | $ | (63,558 | ) | $ | 3,173,495 | |||||||
Amortization of other intangible assets for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 was $15.8 million and $15.5 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 was $46.6 million and $46.3 million, respectively. Based on our amortizable intangible assets as of September 30, 2007, we expect amortization expense to range from $62.0 million to $63.5 million for each of the next five fiscal years.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we added 33 locations by acquiring former franchisees in our domestic and international car rental operations. Total cash paid for intangible assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $10.3 million. We recognized $9.8 million in amortizable intangible assets and $0.5 million in indefinite-lived intangible assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Each of these transactions has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting, and operating results of the acquirees from the dates of acquisition are included in our consolidated statements of operations. These acquisitions are not material individually or collectively to amounts presented for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Note 5Taxes on Income
The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 is 34.0% and 35.1%, respectively. The provision for taxes on income of $86.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 68.8% from $51.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006, primarily due to the increase in income before taxes and minority interest and the overall mix of
8
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
earnings, partly offset by the net change in valuation allowances of $8.1 million in the third quarter of 2007 relating to the realization of deferred tax assets in certain European countries. The provision for taxes on income of $107.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 54.3% from $69.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006, primarily due the increase in income before taxes and minority interest, partly offset by a lower estimated 2007 full year effective tax rate based upon the overall mix of earnings and the net change in valuation allowances of $8.1 million in the third quarter of 2007 relating to the realization of deferred tax assets in certain European countries.
We adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, or "FIN 48," "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxesan Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109," on January 1, 2007. Upon adoption, we recorded an $18.9 million increase to our liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits. The increase in liabilities was recorded as a decrease of $3.6 million and an increase of $15.3 million to the January 1, 2007 retained earnings and goodwill balances, respectively. As of the adoption date, we had gross tax effected unrecognized tax benefits of $20.3 million, of which $5.1 million, if recognized, would favorably impact the effective tax rate in future periods.
We conduct business globally and, as a result, file one or more income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and non-U.S. jurisdictions. In the normal course of business we are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as Australia, the Netherlands, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States. The open tax years for these jurisdictions span from 1991 to 2006. The tax indemnification agreement entered into with Ford on the Closing Date indemnifies Hertz from U.S. federal and unitary state, and certain combined non-U.S. income tax liabilities for all periods prior to December 21, 2005.
In many cases our uncertain tax positions are related to tax years that remain subject to examination by the relevant taxing authorities. We are not currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service but are under audit in several non-U.S. jurisdictions. It is reasonably possible that a $3.3 million tax liability, attributable to an uncertain tax position, may reverse within the next twelve months.
Interest and penalties related to the liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits are classified as a component of "Provision for taxes on income" in our consolidated statement of operations. Accrued interest (net of benefit) and penalties recorded at January 1, 2007 in our condensed consolidated balance sheet was $12.5 million.
The results of operations for the three-month period ended September 30, 2007 included $5.7 million of out-of-period adjustments to the tax provision. These adjustments related primarily to the three-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2006 in the amounts of $3.2 million and $1.4 million, respectively. If recorded in 2006, these adjustments would have had a negative impact on the results of operations for each of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2006 of $0.01 per share on a fully diluted basis. These adjustments had a negative impact on our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2007 of $0.02 per share on a fully diluted basis.
9
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
Note 6Depreciation of Revenue Earning Equipment
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment includes the following (in thousands of dollars):
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment | $ | 509,971 | $ | 465,312 | ||||
Adjustment of depreciation upon disposal of equipment | 3,810 | (5,705 | ) | |||||
Rents paid for vehicles leased | 21,258 | 8,306 | ||||||
Total | $ | 535,039 | $ | 467,913 | ||||
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment | $ | 1,437,306 | $ | 1,323,163 | ||||
Adjustment of depreciation upon disposal of equipment | 8,906 | (32,050 | ) | |||||
Rents paid for vehicles leased | 52,681 | 20,274 | ||||||
Total | $ | 1,498,893 | $ | 1,311,387 | ||||
The adjustment of depreciation upon disposal of revenue earning equipment for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 included a net loss of $4.9 million and a net gain of $2.3 million, respectively, on the disposal of vehicles in our car rental operations and net gains of $1.1 million and $3.4 million, respectively, on the disposal of industrial and construction equipment in our equipment rental operations. The adjustment of depreciation upon disposal of revenue earning equipment for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 included a net loss of $16.9 million and a net gain of $16.7 million, respectively, on the disposal of vehicles in our car rental operations and net gains of $8.0 million and $15.4 million, respectively, on the disposal of industrial and construction equipment in our equipment rental operations.
Depreciation rates are reviewed on an ongoing basis based on management's routine review of present and estimated future market conditions and their effect on residual values at the time of disposal. Effective January 1, 2007, April 1, 2007 and July 1, 2007, depreciation rates being used to compute the provision for depreciation of revenue earning equipment were adjusted on certain vehicles in our car rental operations to reflect changes in the estimated residual values to be realized when revenue earning equipment is sold. These depreciation rate changes resulted in net increases of $1.8 million and $12.2 million in depreciation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. Effective January 1, 2007, April 1, 2007, and July 1, 2007, depreciation rates in certain of our equipment rental operations were decreased and resulted in net decreases of $3.9 million and $9.1 million in depreciation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.
For the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, our car rental operations sold approximately 55,700 cars and 29,800 cars, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, our car rental operations sold approximately 154,700 cars and 96,100 cars, respectively.
10
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
Note 7Debt
Our "Senior Term Facility" is a secured term loan facility entered into by Hertz in connection with the Acquisition consisting of (a) a maximum borrowing capacity of $2,000 million (which was decreased in February 2007 to $1,400 million), which included a delayed draw facility of $293 million (which was utilized during 2006) and (b) a prefunded synthetic letter of credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $250 million.
Our "Senior ABL Facility" is a senior asset-based revolving loan facility entered into by Hertz and certain of its U.S. and of its Canadian subsidiaries in connection with the Acquisition with a maximum borrowing capacity of $1,600 million (which was increased in February 2007 to $1,800 million). Up to $200.0 million of the revolving loan facility is available for the issuance of letters of credit. We refer to the Senior Term Facility and the Senior ABL Facility together as the "Senior Credit Facilities."
Our "Senior Dollar Notes" are the $1,800 million aggregate principal amount of 8.875% Senior Notes due 2014 issued by Hertz in connection with the Acquisition. Our "Senior Euro Notes" are the €225 million aggregate principal amount of 7.875% Senior Notes due 2014 issued by Hertz in connection with the Acquisition. We refer to the Senior Dollar Notes and the Senior Euro Notes together as the "Senior Notes." Our "Senior Subordinated Notes" refer to the $600 million aggregate principal amount of 10.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016 issued by Hertz in connection with the Acquisition.
Our "Promissory Notes" consist of the outstanding untendered senior notes issued under three separate indentures existing prior to the Acquisition. These senior notes have maturities ranging from 2007 to 2028.
Our "U.S. Fleet Debt" consists of approximately $4,300 million of asset-backed securities issued on the Closing Date by Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, or "HVF," a special purpose entity wholly owned by us, backed by our U.S. car rental fleet, all of which we issued under our existing asset-backed notes program, or the "ABS Program." An additional $600 million of previously issued asset-backed medium term notes, or "Pre-Acquisition ABS Notes," having maturities from 2007 to 2009 remained outstanding under the ABS Program following the closing of the Transactions ($265 million of which have subsequently matured). We have also issued approximately $1,500 million of variable funding notes on the Closing Date in two series under these facilities, none of which were funded on the Closing Date.
Our "International Fleet Debt" consists of the aggregate borrowings of our foreign subsidiaries under asset-based revolving loan facilities entered into by Hertz International Ltd, or "HIL," a Delaware corporation organized as a foreign subsidiary holding company and a direct subsidiary of Hertz, and certain of its subsidiaries (all of which are organized outside the United States), together with certain bankruptcy-remote special purpose entities, subject to borrowing bases comprised of rental vehicles, rental equipment, and related assets of certain of our foreign subsidiaries (substantially all of which are organized outside of the United States) or one or more special purpose entities, as the case may be, and rental equipment and related assets of certain of our subsidiaries organized outside North America or one or more special purpose entities, as the case may be. The subsidiaries conducting the car rental business in certain European jurisdictions may, at their option, continue to engage in capital lease financings relating to revenue earning equipment outside the International Fleet Debt facilities. During 2007, additional borrowers have acceded to the senior bridge facility agreement under the International Fleet Debt facilities in connection with the expected take-out of the interim facilities entered into at the time of the Acquisition.
11
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
Our "Fleet Financing Facility" is a credit agreement entered into by Hertz and its subsidiary, Puerto Ricancars, Inc., or "PR Cars," in September 2006, which provides for a commitment of up to $275 million to finance the acquisition of Hertz's and/or PR Cars fleet in Hawaii, Kansas, Puerto Rico and St. Thomas, the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Our "Brazilian Credit Facility" refers to the agreement dated April 4, 2007 amending and restating our Brazilian subsidiary's credit facility (which was originally included under the International Fleet Debt facilities) to, among other things, increase the facility to R$130 million (or $70.6 million, calculated using exchange rates in effect on September 30, 2007) consisting of a R$70 million (or $38.0 million) term loan facility and a R$60 million (or $32.6 million) revolving credit facility. This facility will mature on December 21, 2010.
Our "Canadian Fleet Financing Facility" refers to a Note Purchase Agreement entered into by our Canadian subsidiary, Hertz Canada Limited, and certain of its subsidiaries, on May 30, 2007, with CARE Trust, a special purpose commercial paper conduit administered by Bank of Montreal, and certain related agreements and transactions, in order to establish an asset-backed borrowing facility to provide financing for our Canadian rental car fleet. The new facility refinanced the Canadian portion of the International Fleet Debt facilities. The maximum amount which may be borrowed under the new facility is CAN$400 million (or $401.6 million). The Canadian Fleet Facility matures in May 2012.
Our "Belgian Revolving Credit Facility" consists of a revolving credit facility entered into by our Belgian subsidiary, Hertz Belgium BVBA on June 21, 2007, of up to €23.4 million (or $33.2 million) maturing in December 2010. This facility refinanced the Belgian portion of our International Fleet Debt facilities.
12
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
Our debt consists of the following (in thousands of dollars):
|
September 30, 2007 |
December 31, 2006 |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corporate Debt | ||||||||||
Senior Term Facility, average interest rate: 2007, 7.6%; 2006, 7.4% (effective average interest rate: 2007, 7.7%; 2006, 7.5%); net of unamortized discount: 2007, $24,528; 2006, $38,378 | $ | 1,368,481 | $ | 1,947,907 | ||||||
Senior ABL Facility, average interest rate: 2007, 6.5%; 2006, N/A (effective average interest rate: 2007, 6.9%; 2006, N/A); net of unamortized discount: 2007, $20,117; 2006, $22,188 | 404,433 | (22,188 | ) | |||||||
Senior Notes, average interest rate: 2007, 8.7%; 2006, 8.7% | 2,119,376 | 2,097,030 | ||||||||
Senior Subordinated Notes, average interest rate: 2007, 10.5%; 2006, 10.5% | 600,000 | 600,000 | ||||||||
Promissory Notes, average interest rate: 2007, 7.1%; 2006, 7.2% (effective average interest rate: 2007, 7.2%; 2006, 7.3%); net of unamortized discount: 2007, $5,409; 2006, $5,545 | 509,135 | 633,463 | ||||||||
Notes payable, average interest rate: 2007, 5.4%; 2006, 4.1% | 1,793 | 6,175 | ||||||||
Foreign subsidiaries' debt denominated in foreign currencies: | ||||||||||
Short-term bank borrowings, average interest rate: 2007, 13.1%; 2006, 13.4% | 1,064 | 2,340 | ||||||||
Other borrowings, average interest rate: 2007, 6.8%; 2006, 5.1% | 4,746 | 12,546 | ||||||||
Total Corporate Debt | 5,009,028 | 5,277,273 | ||||||||
Fleet Debt | ||||||||||
U.S. Fleet Debt and Pre-Acquisition ABS Notes, average interest rate: 2007, 4.6%; 2006, 4.4% (effective average interest rate: 2007, 4.6%; 2006, 4.5%); net of unamortized discount: 2007, $5,401; 2006, $10,631 | 5,099,598 | 4,845,202 | ||||||||
International Fleet Debt denominated in foreign currencies, average interest rate: 2007, 6.0%; 2006, 5.4% (effective average interest rate: 2007, 6.0%; 2006, 5.4%); net of unamortized discount: 2007, $357; 2006, $4,443 | 2,398,814 | 1,987,787 | ||||||||
Fleet Financing Facility, average interest rate: 2007, 6.6%; 2006, 6.6% (effective average interest rate: 2007, 6.7%; 2006, 6.7%); net of unamortized discount: 2007, $1,750; 2006, $2,078 | 166,250 | 165,922 | ||||||||
Brazilian Credit Facility, average interest rate: 2007, 13.1%; 2006, N/A | 62,031 | | ||||||||
Canadian Fleet Financing Facility, average interest rate: 2007, 5.8%; 2006, N/A | 272,668 | | ||||||||
Belgian Revolving Credit Facility, average interest rate: 2007, 5.7%; 2006, N/A | 26,572 | | ||||||||
Total Fleet Debt | 8,025,933 | 6,998,911 | ||||||||
Total Debt | $ | 13,034,961 | $ | 12,276,184 | ||||||
The aggregate amounts of maturities of debt for each of the twelve-month periods ending September 30 (in millions of dollars) are as follows: 2008, $4,197.1 (including $3,824.1 of other short-term borrowings); 2009, $1,133.9; 2010, $2,427.8; 2011, $996.0; 2012, $176.2; after 2012, $4,161.5.
13
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
Our short-term borrowings as of September 30, 2007 include, among other items, the amounts outstanding under our Senior ABL Facility, International Fleet Debt facility, Canadian Fleet Financing Facility and the variable funding notes under our ABS Program. These amounts are considered short term in nature since they have maturity dates of three months or less; however these facilities are revolving in nature and do not permanently expire at the time of the short term debt maturity.
As of September 30, 2007, there were outstanding standby letters of credit totaling $467.9 million. Of this amount, $234.0 million has been issued for the benefit of the ABS Program ($200.0 million of which was paid for Ford and $34.0 million of which was issued under the Senior Credit Facilities) and the remainder is primarily issued to support self-insurance programs (including insurance policies with respect to which we have indemnified the issuers for any losses) in the United States, Canada and in Europe and to support airport concession obligations in the United States and Canada. As of September 30, 2007, the full amount of these letters of credit was undrawn.
As of September 30, 2007, the aggregate principal amount of $335.0 million (net of $5.3 million discount) of Pre-Acquisition ABS Notes were outstanding and the average interest rate was 3.0%.
As of September 30, 2007, there were $35.9 million of capital lease financings outstanding. These capital lease financings are included in the International Fleet Debt total.
On January 12, 2007, Hertz completed exchange offers for its outstanding Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes whereby over 99% of the outstanding notes were exchanged for a like principal amount of new notes with identical terms that were registered under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-4.
On February 9, 2007, Hertz entered into an amendment to its Senior Term Facility. The amendment was entered into for the purpose of (i) lowering the interest rates payable on the Senior Term Facility by up to 50 basis points from the interest rates previously payable thereunder, and revising financial ratio requirements for specific interest rate levels; (ii) eliminating certain mandatory prepayment requirements; (iii) increasing the amounts of certain other types of indebtedness that Hertz and its subsidiaries may incur outside of the Senior Term Facility; (iv) permitting certain additional asset dispositions and sale and leaseback transactions; and (v) effecting certain technical and administrative changes to the Senior Term Facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an expense of $13.9 million, in our consolidated statement of operations, in "Interest, net of interest income," associated with the write off of debt costs in connection with the amendment of the Senior Term Facility. Additionally, in February 2007, we repaid a portion of the Senior Term Facility, bringing the maximum borrowing capacity down from $2,000 million to $1,400 million.
On February 15, 2007, Hertz, Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation and certain other subsidiaries entered into an amendment to its Senior ABL Facility. The amendment was entered into for the purpose of (i) lowering the interest rates payable on the Senior ABL Facility by up to 25 basis points from the interest rates previously payable thereunder, and revising financial ratio requirements for specific interest rate levels; (ii) increasing the availability under the Senior ABL Facility from $1,600 million to $1,800 million; (iii) extending the term of the commitments under the Senior ABL Facility to February 15, 2012; (iv) increasing the amounts of certain other types of indebtedness that the borrowers and their subsidiaries may incur outside of the Senior ABL Facility; (iv) permitting certain additional asset dispositions and sale and leaseback transactions; and (v) effecting certain technical and administrative changes to the Senior ABL Facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an expense of $2.2 million, in our consolidated statement of operations, in "Interest, net of interest income," associated with the write off of debt costs in connection with the amendment of the Senior ABL Facility.
14
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
On March 21, 2007, certain of the agreements relating to the International Fleet Debt facilities were amended and restated for the purpose of, among other things, (i) extending the dates when margins on the facilities are scheduled to step up, subject to satisfaction of interim goals pertaining to the execution of agreements with automobile manufacturers and dealers that are required in connection with the planned securitization of the international car rental fleet and the take-out of the Tranche A1 and Tranche A2 loans; (ii) subject to certain conditions, permitting the financing of value-added tax receivables under the facilities; and (iii) effecting certain technical and administrative changes to the terms of the facilities. Additionally, the intercreditor deed pertaining to the International Fleet Debt facilities was amended to, among other things, remove the Brazilian facility.
On April 4, 2007, our Brazilian subsidiary entered into the Brazilian Credit Facility.
On May 23, 2007, the Senior ABL Facility and the Senior Term Facility were each amended to permit Hertz and its subsidiaries to guarantee obligations in respect to the deferred purchase price of vehicles and all other obligations arising under vehicle supply agreements entered into by Fleetco (Espana), S.L., an entity created to own the Spanish rental car fleet in connection with the pending securitization of the rental car fleets in a number of European countries and Australia. Due to Spanish law considerations, Fleetco (Espana), S.L. is an "orphan" entity which is an indirect subsidiary of a charitable trust. The Senior Credit Facilities generally permit Hertz and its subsidiaries to guarantee obligations of one another but not of unaffiliated entities, subject to certain exceptions.
On May 30, 2007, Hertz Canada Limited and certain of its subsidiaries, entered into the Canadian Fleet Financing Facility.
On June 21, 2007, Hertz Belgium BVBA entered into the Belgian Revolving Credit Facility.
On September 30, 2007, the Senior ABL Facility was amended to add Hertz Canada Equipment Rental Partnership, an Ontario General Partnership, as an additional Canadian Borrower. Hertz Canada Equipment Rental Partnership, whose partners are our wholly owned subsidiary, Matthews Equipment Limited, or "Matthews," and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Matthews, was formed in connection with a reorganization of Matthews and, as part of that reorganization, received title to most of the assets of Matthews.
On October 24, 2007, supplements to the ABS Indenture were amended to increase the maximum non-eligible vehicle amount from 65% to 85% of the adjusted aggregate asset amount, thus effectively increasing the amount of vehicles which are not subject to manufacturer repurchase programs that can be included in the borrowing base under our ABS Program.
Guarantees and Security
Hertz's obligations under the Senior Term Facility and the Senior ABL Facility are guaranteed by Hertz Investors, Inc., its immediate parent, and most of its direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries (subject to certain exceptions, including for subsidiaries involved in the U.S. Fleet Debt facility and similar special purpose financings), though Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation does not guarantee Hertz's obligations under the Senior ABL Facility because it is a borrower under that facility. In addition, the obligations of the Canadian borrowers under the Senior ABL Facility are guaranteed by their respective subsidiaries, if any, subject to limited exceptions. The lenders under each of the Senior Term Facility and the Senior ABL Facility have received a security interest in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets of the borrowers and guarantors under those facilities, including pledges of the stock of certain of their respective subsidiaries, subject in each case to certain exceptions (including in respect of the U.S.
15
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
Fleet Debt, the International Fleet Debt and, in the case of the Senior ABL Facility, other secured fleet financing). Consequently, these assets will not be available to satisfy the claims of Hertz's general creditors.
The obligations of the borrowers under the International Fleet Debt facilities are guaranteed by Hertz International, Ltd., or "HIL," and by the other borrowers and certain related entities under the applicable tranche, in each case subject to certain legal, tax, cost and other structuring considerations. The obligations and the guarantees of the obligations of the Tranche A borrowers under the Tranche A2 loans are subordinated to the obligations and the guarantees of the obligations of such borrowers under the Tranche A1 loans. Subject to legal, tax, cost and other structuring considerations and to certain exceptions, the International Fleet Debt facilities are secured by a material part of the assets of each borrower, certain related entities and each guarantor, including pledges of the capital stock of each borrower and certain related entities. The obligations of the Tranche A borrowers under the Tranche A2 loans and the guarantees thereof are secured on a junior second priority basis by any assets securing the obligations of the Tranche A borrowers under the Tranche A1 loans and the guarantees thereof. The assets that collateralize the International Fleet Debt facilities will not be available to satisfy the claims of Hertz's general creditors.
The obligations of each of the borrowers under the Fleet Financing Facility are guaranteed by each of Hertz's direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries (other than subsidiaries whose only material assets consist of securities and debt of foreign subsidiaries and related assets, subsidiaries involved in the ABS Program or other similar special purpose financings, subsidiaries with minority ownership positions, certain subsidiaries of foreign subsidiaries and certain immaterial subsidiaries). In addition, the obligations of PR Cars are guaranteed by Hertz. The obligations of Hertz under the Fleet Financing Facility and the other loan documents, including, without limitation, its guarantee of PR Cars' obligations under the Fleet Financing Facility, are secured by security interests in Hertz's rental car fleet in Hawaii and by certain assets related to Hertz's rental car fleet in Hawaii and Kansas, including, without limitation, manufacturer repurchase program agreements. PR Cars' obligations under the Fleet Financing Facility and the other loan documents are secured by security interests in PR Cars' rental car fleet in Puerto Rico and St. Thomas, the U.S. Virgin Islands and by certain assets related thereto.
In addition, Hertz has guaranteed the obligations of its Brazilian subsidiary under its loan agreement, as amended and restated as of April 4, 2007, up to an aggregate principal amount of $63.5 million. That guarantee is secured equally and ratably with borrowings under the Senior Term Facility.
The obligations of Hertz Belgium BVBA under the Belgian Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by HIL.
Covenants
Certain of our debt instruments and credit facilities contain a number of covenants that, among other things, limit or restrict the ability of the borrowers and the guarantors to dispose of assets, incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, prepay other indebtedness, make dividends and other restricted payments, create liens, make investments, make acquisitions, engage in mergers, change the nature of their business, make capital expenditures, or engage in certain transactions with affiliates. Some of these agreements also require the maintenance of certain financial covenants. If we were not in compliance with all of such covenants and such covenants were not cured, a cross default or cross acceleration provision under the debt agreements would cause such debt to become immediately due and payable. As of September 30, 2007, we were in compliance with all of these financial covenants.
16
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
Derivatives
In connection with the Acquisition and the issuance of $3,550.0 million of floating rate U.S. Fleet Debt, HVF entered into certain interest rate swap agreements, or the "HVF Swaps," effective December 21, 2005, which qualify as cash flow hedging instruments in accordance with SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." These agreements mature at various terms, in connection with the scheduled maturity of the associated debt obligations, through November 25, 2010. Under these agreements, HVF pays monthly interest at a fixed rate of 4.5% per annum in exchange for monthly amounts at one-month LIBOR, effectively transforming the floating rate U.S. Fleet Debt to fixed rate obligations. HVF paid $44.8 million to reduce the fixed interest rate on the swap from the prevailing market rates to 4.5%. Ultimately, this amount will be recognized as additional interest expense over the remaining terms of the swaps, which range from approximately 1 to 3 years. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an expense of $17.7 million in our consolidated statement of operations, in "Interest, net of interest income," associated with the ineffectiveness of our HVF Swaps. The ineffectiveness resulted from a decline in the value of the swaps due to a decrease in forward interest rates along with a decrease in the time value component as we continue to approach the maturity dates of the swaps. As of September 30, 2007, the fair value of our HVF Swaps was $5.8 million, which is reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in "Prepaid expenses and other assets."
In May 2006, in connection with the forecasted issuance of the permanent take-out international asset-based facilities, HIL purchased two swaptions for €3.3 million, to protect itself from interest rate increases. These swaptions gave HIL the right, but not the obligation, to enter into three year interest rate swaps, based on a total notional amount of €600 million at an interest rate of 4.155%. The swaptions were renewed twice in 2007, prior to their scheduled expiration dates of March 15, 2007 and September 5, 2007, at a total cost of €2.7 million, and now expire on June 5, 2008. As of September 30, 2007, the fair value of the swaptions was €6.4 million (or $9.1 million), which is reflected in our condensed consolidated balance sheet in "Prepaid expenses and other assets." During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the fair value adjustment related to these swaptions was a loss of $6.9 million and a gain of $3.0 million, respectively, which was recorded in our consolidated statement of operations in "Selling, general and administrative" expenses.
Credit Facilities
As of September 30, 2007, the following credit facilities were available for the use of Hertz and its subsidiaries:
17
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
As of September 30, 2007, substantially all of our assets are pledged under one or more of the facilities noted above.
Note 8Employee Retirement Benefits
The following table sets forth the net periodic pension and postretirement (including health care, life insurance and auto) expense (in millions of dollars):
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pension Benefits |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Postretirement Benefits (U.S.) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
U.S. |
Non-U.S. |
||||||||||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||||||
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 5.8 | $ | 7.0 | $ | 2.9 | $ | 2.3 | $ | 0.1 | $ | 0.1 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 6.5 | 5.9 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (6.5 | ) | (5.9 | ) | (2.9 | ) | (2.2 | ) | | | ||||||||||
Amortization: Losses and other | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | (0.1 | ) | |||||||||||||
Settlement/curtailment loss (gain) | 1.5 | | | | (0.1 | ) | | |||||||||||||
Net pension/postretirement expense | $ | 7.4 | $ | 7.0 | $ | 2.7 | $ | 2.3 | $ | 0.2 | $ | 0.1 | ||||||||
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pension Benefits |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Postretirement Benefits (U.S.) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
U.S. |
Non-U.S. |
||||||||||||||||||
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||||||||
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 19.4 | $ | 21.0 | $ | 8.2 | $ | 6.8 | $ | 0.3 | $ | 0.3 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 18.9 | 16.7 | 7.7 | 6.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (19.3 | ) | (18.0 | ) | (8.2 | ) | (5.9 | ) | | | ||||||||||
Amortization: Losses and other | 0.2 | | | 0.3 | (0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Settlement/curtailment loss (gain) | 1.2 | | (0.1 | ) | | 0.1 | | |||||||||||||
Net pension/postretirement expense | $ | 20.4 | $ | 19.7 | $ | 7.6 | $ | 7.2 | $ | 1.0 | $ | 0.8 | ||||||||
Our policy for funded plans is to contribute annually, at a minimum, amounts required by applicable laws, regulations and union agreements. From time to time, we make contributions beyond those legally required. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we contributed $8.9 million and
18
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
$24.9 million, respectively, to our funded worldwide pension plans, including benefit payments made through unfunded plans.
We participate in various "multiemployer" pension plans administrated by labor unions representing some of our employees. We make periodic contributions to these plans to allow them to meet their pension benefit obligations to their participants. In the event that we withdraw from participation in one of these plans, then applicable law could require us to make an additional lump-sum contribution to the plan, and we would have to reflect that as an expense in our consolidated statement of operations and as a liability on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our withdrawal liability for any multiemployer plan would depend on the extent of the plan's funding of vested benefits. In the ordinary course of our renegotiation of collective bargaining agreements with labor unions that maintain these plans, we may decide to discontinue participation in a plan, and in that event we could face a withdrawal liability. Some multiemployer plans, including one in which we participate, are reported to have significant underfunded liabilities. Such underfunding could increase the size of our potential withdrawal liability.
Note 9Hertz Holdings Stock Incentive Plan
In May 2007, Hertz Holdings granted options to acquire 1,030,007 shares of Hertz Holdings' common stock to key executives, employees and non-management directors at exercise prices ranging from $20.55 to $21.87. In August 2007, Hertz Holdings granted options to acquire 510,000 shares of Hertz Holdings' common stock to certain executives, including an award to Mark P. Frissora, our Chief Executive Officer, at exercise prices ranging from $22.61 to $23.06. These options are subject to and governed by the terms of the Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan, or the "Stock Incentive Plan," and the Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. Director Stock Incentive Plan, or the "Director Plan." We have accounted for our employee stock-based compensation awards in accordance with SFAS No. 123R, "Share-Based Payment." The options are being accounted for as equity-classified awards.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recognized compensation cost of approximately $9.0 million ($5.5 million, net of tax) and $24.3 million ($14.9 million, net of tax) respectively. As of September 30, 2007, there was approximately $92.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted by Hertz Holdings under the Stock Incentive Plan, including costs related to modifying the exercise prices of certain option grants in order to preserve the intrinsic value of the options, consistent with applicable tax law, to reflect special cash dividends of $4.32 per share paid on June 30, 2006 and $1.12 per share paid on November 21, 2006. These remaining costs are expected to be recognized over the remaining 2.3 years, on a weighted average basis, of the requisite service period that began on the grant dates.
Note 10Segment Information
In accordance with SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information," we disclose segment data based on how management makes decisions about allocating resources to segments and measuring their performance.
Our operating segments are aggregated into reportable business segments based primarily upon similar economic characteristics, products, services, customers and delivery methods. We have identified two segments: rental of cars and light trucks, or "car rental," and rental of industrial, construction and material handling equipment, or "equipment rental." "Corporate and other" includes general corporate expenses, certain interest expense (including net interest on corporate debt), as well as other business activities such as our third-party claim management services.
19
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
On January 1, 2007, we changed our measure of segment profitability from income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest to adjusted pre-tax income (loss) as this measure is now being utilized by management in making decisions about allocating resources to segments and measuring their performance. We believe this measure better reflects the financial results from ongoing operations. Adjusted pre-tax income (loss) is calculated as income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest plus non-cash purchase accounting charges, non-cash debt charges relating to the amortization of debt financing costs and debt discounts and mark to market of our HVF swaps, unrealized transaction gains (losses) on Euro-denominated debt and certain one-time charges and non-operational items. The contribution of our segments to revenues and adjusted pre-tax income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 are summarized below (in millions of dollars).
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Revenues |
Adjusted Pre-Tax Income (Loss) |
||||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
||||||||||
Car rental | $ | 1,982.2 | $ | 1,785.5 | $ | 294.1 | $ | 228.7 | ||||||
Equipment rental | 464.9 | 453.0 | 109.2 | 103.8 | ||||||||||
Corporate and other | 2.5 | 2.1 | (68.4 | ) | (83.4 | ) | ||||||||
Total | $ | 2,449.6 | $ | 2,240.6 | $ | 334.9 | $ | 249.1 | ||||||
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Revenues |
Adjusted Pre-Tax Income (Loss) |
||||||||||||
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||||
Car rental | $ | 5,252.2 | $ | 4,825.3 | $ | 484.1 | $ | 359.1 | ||||||
Equipment rental | 1,287.8 | 1,236.6 | 271.5 | 245.0 | ||||||||||
Corporate and other | 6.8 | 5.9 | (247.4 | ) | (249.9 | ) | ||||||||
Total | $ | 6,546.8 | $ | 6,067.8 | $ | 508.2 | $ | 354.2 | ||||||
The following table reconciles income before income taxes and minority interest to adjusted pre-tax income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
Income before income taxes and minority interest | $ | 255.1 | $ | 163.9 | ||||
Adjustments: | ||||||||
Purchase accounting(a) | 23.3 | 22.3 | ||||||
Non-cash debt charges(b) | 34.8 | 24.1 | ||||||
Restructuring charges | 16.1 | | ||||||
CEO/CFO transition costs | 7.8 | 4.2 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation charges | | 13.3 | ||||||
Mark-to-market Euro-denominated debt(c) | | (2.3 | ) | |||||
Unrealized loss on derivative(d) | 7.0 | | ||||||
Interest on Hertz Holdings debt | | 23.6 | ||||||
Vacation accrual adjustment(e) | (9.2 | ) | | |||||
Adjusted pre-tax income | $ | 334.9 | $ | 249.1 | ||||
20
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
Income before income taxes and minority interest | $ | 305.5 | $ | 157.9 | ||||
Adjustments: | ||||||||
Purchase accounting(a) | 69.0 | 64.4 | ||||||
Non-cash debt charges(b) | 87.3 | 76.8 | ||||||
Restructuring charges | 65.4 | | ||||||
CEO/CFO transition costs | 11.0 | 5.4 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation charges | | 13.3 | ||||||
Mark-to-market Euro-denominated debt(c) | | 19.2 | ||||||
Unrealized gain on derivative(d) | (3.2 | ) | | |||||
Interest on Hertz Holdings debt | | 23.8 | ||||||
Vacation accrual adjustment(e) | (28.8 | ) | | |||||
Gain on sale of swap derivative(f) | | (6.6 | ) | |||||
Secondary offering costs | 2.0 | | ||||||
Adjusted pre-tax income | $ | 508.2 | $ | 354.2 | ||||
The increase in total assets from December 31, 2006 to September 30, 2007 in our condensed consolidated balance sheet was primarily due to increases in revenue earning vehicles in our car rental and equipment rental segments and in receivables, partly offset by decreases in cash and equivalents and restricted cash.
Note 11Comprehensive Income
Accumulated other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 primarily includes (in thousands of dollars) accumulated translation gains of $185,651 and $91,629, respectively, a change in unrecognized net periodic pension and postretirement costs of $22,188 and $6,452, respectively, unrealized loss on cash flow hedges of $12,825 and unrealized gain on cash flow hedges of $3,543, respectively, and unrealized losses on our Euro-denominated debt of $20,550 and $7,066,
21
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
respectively. Comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 was as follows (in thousands of dollars):
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||
Net income | $ | 162,707 | $ | 107,538 | |||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | |||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | 56,535 | (3,368 | ) | ||||||
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities | 32 | 35 | |||||||
Unrealized loss on Euro-denominated debt | (9,371 | ) | | ||||||
Change in unrecognized net periodic pension and postretirement cost | (2 | ) | | ||||||
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges | (27,414 | ) | (41,464 | ) | |||||
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | 19,780 | (44,797 | ) | ||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 182,487 | $ | 62,741 | |||||
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||
Net income | $ | 183,816 | $ | 76,120 | |||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | |||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | 94,022 | 59,486 | |||||||
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities | (41 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||
Unrealized loss on Euro-denominated debt | (13,484 | ) | | ||||||
Change in unrecognized net periodic pension and postretirement cost | 15,736 | | |||||||
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges | (16,368 | ) | 7,344 | ||||||
Total other comprehensive income | 79,865 | 66,816 | |||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 263,681 | $ | 142,936 | |||||
Note 12Earnings Per Share
As a result of the Acquisition, our capital structure initially consisted of 229,500,000 shares of common stock outstanding. See Note 1Basis of Presentation in this Report and also Notes 1 and 6 to the Notes to our audited annual consolidated financial statements included in our 2006 Form 10-K for a discussion of the initial and subsequent capital structure changes. Basic earnings per share has been computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share has been computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period plus the effect of all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents.
22
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Basic and diluted earnings per share: | |||||||
Numerator (in thousands of dollars): | |||||||
Net income | $ | 162,707 | $ | 107,538 | |||
Denominator (in thousands): | |||||||
Weighted average shares used in basic computation | 321,487 | 231,857 | |||||
Add: Stock options | 6,020 | | |||||
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation | 327,507 | 231,857 | |||||
Earnings per share, basic | $ | 0.51 | $ | 0.46 | |||
Earnings per share, diluted | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.46 |
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Basic and diluted earnings per share: | |||||||
Numerator (in thousands of dollars): | |||||||
Net income | $ | 183,816 | $ | 76,120 | |||
Denominator (in thousands): | |||||||
Weighted average shares used in basic computation | 321,004 | 230,665 | |||||
Add: Stock options | 4,252 | | |||||
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation | 325,256 | 230,665 | |||||
Earnings per share, basic | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.33 | |||
Earnings per share, diluted | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.33 |
The diluted earnings per share computation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 excludes the weighted-average impact of approximately 0.4 million stock options, because such impact would be antidilutive. The diluted weighted average shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, excludes the impact of approximately 15.8 million stock options, because such impact would be antidilutive.
Note 13Restructuring
As part of our effort to implement our strategy of reducing operating costs, we are evaluating our workforce and operations and making adjustments, including headcount reductions and process improvements to optimize work flow at rental locations and maintenance facilities as well as streamlining our back-office operations, initiating business process reengineering and evaluating outsourcing opportunities. When we make adjustments to our workforce and operations, we may incur incremental expenses that delay the benefit of a more efficient workforce and operating structure, but we believe that increasing our operating efficiency and reducing the costs associated with the operation of our business are important to our long-term competitiveness.
23
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
On January 5, 2007, we announced the first in a series of initiatives to further improve our competitiveness through targeted job reductions affecting approximately 200 employees primarily at our corporate headquarters in Park Ridge, New Jersey and our U.S. service center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
On February 28, 2007, we announced the second initiative to further improve our competitiveness and industry leadership through targeted job reductions affecting approximately 1,350 employees primarily in our U.S. car rental operations, with much smaller reductions occurring in our U.S. equipment rental operations, the corporate headquarters in Park Ridge, New Jersey, and the U.S. service center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, as well as in Canada, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Australia and New Zealand.
On June 1, 2007, we announced the third initiative to further improve our operational efficiency through targeted reductions affecting approximately 480 positions in our U.S. car and equipment rental operations, as well as financial and reservations-related jobs in our U.S. service center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
For the three months ended September 30, 2007, our consolidated statement of operations includes restructuring charges relating to the initiatives discussed above of $16.1 million, which is composed of $8.8 million of involuntary termination benefits, $5.4 million in consulting costs and other charges of $1.9 million. The after-tax effect of the restructuring charges reduced diluted earnings per share by $0.04 for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, our consolidated statement of operations includes restructuring charges relating to the initiatives discussed above of $65.4 million, which is composed of $46.6 million of involuntary termination benefits, $16.0 million in consulting costs, a net gain of $2.2 million related to pension and post employment benefits and other charges of $5.0 million. The after-tax effect of the restructuring charges reduced diluted earnings per share by $0.14 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2007 and continuing into 2008, we expect to implement cost initiatives in our European operations. We plan to announce, as plans are finalized, other efficiency initiatives during the remainder of 2007 and 2008. We currently anticipate incurring future charges to earnings in connection with those initiatives; however, we have not yet developed detailed estimates of these expenses.
Restructuring charges in the consolidated statement of operations can be summarized as follows (in thousands of dollars):
By Caption: |
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Direct operating | $ | 5,462 | $ | 30,356 | ||||
Selling, general and administrative | 10,648 | 35,039 | ||||||
Total | $ | 16,110 | $ | 65,395 | ||||
24
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
By Segment: |
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Car rental | $ | 11,868 | $ | 46,279 | ||||
Equipment rental | 449 | 3,383 | ||||||
Corporate and other | 3,793 | 15,733 | ||||||
Total | $ | 16,110 | $ | 65,395 | ||||
Our condensed consolidated balance sheet included accruals relating to the restructuring program of $12.4 million. We expect to pay substantially all of the remaining restructuring obligations during 2007. The following table sets forth the activity affecting the accrual during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 (in thousands of dollars):
|
Involuntary Termination Benefits |
Pension and Post Retirement Expense |
Consultant Costs |
Other |
Total |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance as of beginning of year | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||||
Charges incurred | 46,589 | (2,170 | ) | 15,961 | 5,015 | 65,395 | |||||||||||
Cash payments | (38,434 | ) | (7 | ) | (12,572 | ) | (3,390 | ) | (54,403 | ) | |||||||
Other(1) | (728 | ) | 2,281 | 112 | (273 | ) | 1,392 | ||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2007 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 104 | $ | 3,501 | $ | 1,352 | $ | 12,384 | |||||||
Note 14Related Party Transactions
Relationship with Ford
Prior to the Acquisition, we were an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Ford. We and certain of our subsidiaries had entered into contracts, or other transactions or relationships, with Ford or subsidiaries of Ford, the most significant of which are described below.
Car purchases/repurchases and advertising arrangements
On July 5, 2005, Hertz, one of its wholly owned subsidiaries and Ford signed a Master Supply and Advertising Agreement, effective July 5, 2005 and expiring August 31, 2010, that covers the 2005 through 2010 vehicle model years. This agreement replaces and supersedes previously existing joint advertising and vehicle supply agreements that would have expired August 31, 2007.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we purchased cars from Ford and its subsidiaries at a cost of approximately $2,366.9 million and sold cars to Ford and its subsidiaries under various repurchase programs for approximately $1,537.9 million.
25
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
Stock option plan
Certain employees of ours participate in the stock option plan of Ford under Ford's 1998 Long-Term Incentive Plan. As a result of the Acquisition, all outstanding options issued under this plan became vested.
Taxes
Prior to the Acquisition, Hertz and its domestic subsidiaries filed a consolidated federal income tax return with Ford. Pursuant to a tax sharing agreement, or the "Agreement," with Ford, current and deferred taxes were reported, and paid to Ford, as if Hertz had filed its own consolidated tax returns with its domestic subsidiaries. The Agreement provided that Hertz was reimbursed for foreign tax credits in accordance with the utilization of those credits by the Ford consolidated tax group.
On December 21, 2005, in connection with the Acquisition, the Agreement with Ford was terminated. Upon termination, all tax payables and receivables with Ford were cancelled and neither Hertz nor Ford has any future rights or obligations under the Agreement. Hertz may be exposed to tax liabilities attributable to periods it was a consolidated subsidiary of Ford. While Ford has agreed to indemnify Hertz for certain tax liabilities pursuant to the arrangements relating to our separation from Ford, we cannot offer assurance that payments in respect of the indemnification agreement will be available.
Other relationships and transactions
We and Ford also engage in other transactions in the ordinary course of our respective businesses. These transactions include providing car and equipment rental services to Ford and providing insurance and insurance claim management services to Ford. In addition, Ford subsidiaries are our car rental licensees in Scandinavia and Finland.
Relationship with Hertz Investors, Inc. and the Sponsors
Stockholders Agreement
In connection with the Acquisition, we entered into a stockholders agreement, or, as amended, the "Stockholders Agreement," with investment funds associated with or designated by the Sponsors. The Stockholders Agreement contains agreements that entitle investment funds associated with or designated by the Sponsors to nominate all of our directors. The director nominees are to include three nominees of an investment fund associated with CD&R (one of whom shall serve as the chairman or, if the chief executive officer is the chairman, the lead director), two nominees of investment funds associated with Carlyle, two nominees of an investment fund associated with MLGPE (collectively, the "Sponsor Designees") and up to six independent directors (subject to unanimous consent of the Sponsor Designees, for so long as Hertz Holdings remains a "controlled company"), subject to adjustment in the case that the applicable investment fund sells more than a specified amount of its shareholdings in us. In addition, upon Hertz Holdings ceasing to be a "controlled company" within the meaning of the New York Stock Exchange rules, if necessary to comply with the New York Stock Exchange rules, the director nominees of the Sponsors shall be reduced to two nominees of an investment fund associated with CD&R (one of whom shall serve as the chairman or, if the chief executive officer is the chairman, the lead director), one nominee of investment funds associated with Carlyle, and one nominee of an investment fund associated with MLGPE, and additional independent directors will be elected by the board to fill the resulting director vacancies. The Stockholders Agreement also provides that our chief executive officer shall be designated as a director, unless otherwise
26
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
approved by a majority of the Sponsor Designees. In addition, the Stockholders Agreement provides that one of the nominees of an investment fund associated with CD&R shall serve as the chairman of the executive and governance committee and, unless otherwise agreed by this fund, as Chairman of the Board. On October 12, 2006, our Board elected four independent directors, effective from the date of the completion of the initial public offering of our common stock. In order to comply with New York Stock Exchange rules, we will be required to have a majority of independent directors on our board of directors within one year of our ceasing to be a "controlled company."
The Stockholders Agreement also grants to the investment funds associated with CD&R or to the majority of the Sponsor Designees the right to remove our chief executive officer. Any replacement chief executive officer requires the consent of investment funds associated with CD&R as well as investment funds associated with at least one other Sponsor. It also contains restrictions on the transfer of our shares, and provides for tag-along and drag-along rights, in certain circumstances. The rights described above apply only for so long as the investment funds associated with the applicable Sponsor maintain certain specified minimum levels of shareholdings in us. In addition, the Stockholders Agreement limits the rights of the investment funds associated with or designated by the Sponsors that have invested in our common stock and our affiliates, subject to several exceptions, to own, manage, operate or control any of our competitors (as defined in the Stockholders Agreement). The Stockholders Agreement may be amended from time to time in the future to eliminate or modify these restrictions without our consent.
Registration Rights Agreement
On the Closing Date, we entered into a registration rights agreement, or, as amended, the "Registration Rights Agreement," with investment funds associated with or designated by the Sponsors. The Registration Rights Agreement grants to certain of these investment funds the right, following the earlier of the initial public offering of our common stock and the eighth anniversary of the Closing Date, to cause us, at our own expense, to use our best efforts to register such securities held by the investment funds for public resale, subject to certain limitations. The exercise of this right is limited to three requests by the group of investment funds associated with each Sponsor, except for registrations effected pursuant to Form S-3, which are unlimited, subject to certain limitations, if we are eligible to use Form S-3. In the event we register any of our common stock, these investment funds also have the right to require us to use our best efforts to include shares of our common stock held by them, subject to certain limitations, including as determined by the underwriters. The Registration Rights Agreement also provides for us to indemnify the investment funds party to that agreement and their affiliates in connection with the registration of our securities.
Guarantees
Hertz's obligations under the Senior Term Facility and Senior ABL Facility are guaranteed by Hertz's immediate parent, Hertz Investors, Inc. (previously known as CCMG Corporation). Hertz Holdings is not a guarantor of these facilities. See Note 7Debt.
Indemnification Agreements
On the Closing Date, Hertz entered into customary indemnification agreements with Hertz Holdings, the Sponsors and Hertz Holdings' stockholders affiliated with the Sponsors, pursuant to which Hertz Holdings and Hertz will indemnify the Sponsors, the Hertz Holdings' stockholders affiliated with the Sponsors and their respective affiliates, directors, officers, partners, members, employees, agents, representatives and controlling persons, against certain liabilities arising out of the performance of a
27
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
consulting agreement with Hertz Holdings and each of the Sponsors and certain other claims and liabilities, including liabilities arising out of financing arrangements or securities offerings.
Hertz Holdings has entered into indemnification agreements with each of its directors. The indemnification agreements provide the directors with contractual rights to the indemnification and expense advancement rights provided under our by-laws, as well as contractual rights to additional indemnification as provided in the indemnification agreements.
We have not recorded any liability because these liabilities are considered to be de minimis.
Director Stock Incentive Plan
On October 12, 2006, the Board of Directors of Hertz Holdings approved the Director Plan. The stockholders of Hertz Holdings approved the Director Plan on October 20, 2006. The Director Plan provides for the grant of shares of common stock of Hertz Holdings, options to purchase shares of common stock of Hertz Holdings and "phantom shares," which are the right to receive shares of common stock of Hertz Holdings at a specified point in the future. A maximum of 3,500,000 shares are reserved for issuance under the Director Plan.
Options granted under the Director Plan must be granted at an exercise price no less than fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. Options granted as part of a director's annual retainer fee will be fully vested at the time of grant and will generally have a 10-year term.
A director may generally elect to receive all or a portion of fees that would otherwise be payable in cash in the form of shares of common stock of Hertz Holdings having a fair market value at such time equal to the amount of such fees. Any such shares will be paid to the director when cash fees would otherwise be payable, although, if a director so chooses, these shares may be payable on a tax-deferred basis in phantom shares, in which case the actual shares of the common stock of Hertz Holdings will be paid to the director promptly following the date on which he or she ceases to serve as a director (or, if earlier, upon a change in control).
A director will recognize ordinary income upon exercising options granted under the Director Plan in an amount equal to the fair market value of the shares acquired on the date of exercise, less the exercise price, and Hertz Holdings will have a corresponding tax deduction at that time. In the case of shares issued in lieu of cash fees, a director who is an individual will generally recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date such shares are paid to the director and Hertz Holdings will have a corresponding tax deduction at that time. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recognized $0.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of expense relating to the Director Plan in our consolidated statement of operations in "Selling, general and administrative" expenses.
Financing Arrangements with Related Parties
Affiliates of ML Global Private Equity, L.P. and its related funds (which are stockholders of Hertz Holdings) and of Merrill Lynch & Co., one of the underwriters in the initial public offering of our common stock and the June 2007 secondary offering by the Sponsors, were lenders under the Hertz Holdings Loan Facility (which was repaid with the proceeds of our initial public offering), are lenders under the original and amended Senior Term Facility, the original and amended Senior ABL Facility and the Fleet Financing Facility; acted as initial purchasers with respect to the offerings of the Senior Notes and the Senior Subordinated Notes; acted as structuring advisors and agents under our ABS Program; and acted as
28
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
dealer managers and solicitation agents for Hertz's tender offers for its existing debt securities in connection with the Acquisition.
Other Sponsor Relationships
In connection with our car and equipment rental businesses, we enter into millions of rental transactions every year involving millions of customers. In order to conduct those businesses, we also procure goods and services from thousands of vendors. Some of those customers and vendors may be affiliated with the Sponsors or members of our Board of Directors. We believe that all such rental and procurement transactions have been conducted on an arms-length basis and involved terms no less favorable to us than those that we believe we would have obtained in the absence of such affiliation. It is our management's practice to bring to the attention of our Board of Directors any transaction, even if it arises in the ordinary course of business, in which our management believes that the terms being sought by transaction participants affiliated with the Sponsors or our Directors would be less favorable to us than those to which we would agree absent such affiliation.
In the second quarter of 2007, we were advised by Merrill Lynch & Co., an affiliate of one of our Sponsors, that between November 17, 2006, and April 19, 2007, Merrill Lynch & Co., or "ML", engaged in principal trading activity in our common stock. Some of those purchases and sales of our common stock should have been reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 4, but were not so reported. ML and certain of its affiliates have engaged in additional principal trading activity since that time. ML and certain of its affiliates have since filed amended or additional reports on Form 4 disclosing the current number of shares of our common stock held by ML and its affiliates. To date, ML has paid to us approximately $4.7 million for its "short-swing" profit liability resulting from its principal trading activity that is subject to recovery by us under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In the event that ML or its affiliates (including private investment funds managed by certain private equity-arm affiliates of ML) sell additional shares of our common stock in the future, this amount may change. We recorded $2.8 million, which is net of tax of $1.9 million, in our condensed consolidated balance sheet in "Additional paid-in capital." In addition, because ML may be deemed to be an affiliate of Hertz Holdings and there was no registration statement in effect with respect to its sale of shares during this period, certain of these sales may have been made in violation of Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Note 15Commitments and Contingencies
Off-Balance Sheet Commitments
As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the following guarantees (including indemnification commitments) were issued and outstanding:
Indemnifications
In the ordinary course of business, we execute contracts involving indemnifications standard in the relevant industry and indemnifications specific to a transaction such as the sale of a business. These indemnifications might include claims relating to the following: environmental matters; intellectual property rights; governmental regulations and employment-related matters; customer, supplier and other commercial contractual relationships; and financial matters. Performance under these indemnities would generally be triggered by a breach of terms of the contract or by a third party claim. We regularly evaluate the probability of having to incur costs associated with these indemnifications and have
29
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
accrued for expected losses that are probable and estimable. The types of indemnifications for which payments are possible include the following:
Sponsors; Directors
See Note 14Related Party TransactionsIndemnification Agreements.
Environmental
We have indemnified various parties for the costs associated with remediating numerous hazardous substance storage, recycling or disposal sites in many states and, in some instances, for natural resource damages. The amount of any such expenses or related natural resource damages for which we may be held responsible could be substantial. The probable losses that we expect to incur for such matters have been accrued, and those losses are reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the aggregate amounts accrued for environmental liabilities, including liability for environmental indemnities, reflected in our condensed consolidated balance sheet in "Accrued liabilities" were $2.7 million and $3.7 million, respectively. The accrual generally represents the estimated cost to study potential environmental issues at sites deemed to require investigation or clean-up activities, and the estimated cost to implement remediation actions, including on-going maintenance, as required. Cost estimates are developed by site. Initial cost estimates are based on historical experience at similar sites and are refined over time on the basis of in-depth studies of the sites. For many sites, the remediation costs and other damages for which we ultimately may be responsible cannot be reasonably estimated because of uncertainties with respect to factors such as our connection to the site, the materials there, the involvement of other potentially responsible parties, the application of laws and other standards or regulations, site conditions, and the nature and scope of investigations, studies, and remediation to be undertaken (including the technologies to be required and the extent, duration, and success of remediation).
Legal Proceedings
On March 15, 2004, Jose M. Gomez, individually and on behalf of all other similarly situated persons, v. The Hertz Corporation was commenced in the 214th Judicial District Court of Nueces County, Texas. Gomez purports to be a class action filed alternatively on behalf of all persons who were charged a Fuel and Service Charge, or "FSC," by us or all Texas residents who were charged a FSC by us. The petition alleged that the FSC is an unlawful penalty and that, therefore, it is void and unenforceable. The plaintiff seeks an unspecified amount of compensatory damages, with the return of all FSC paid or the difference between the FSC and our actual costs, disgorgement of unearned profits, attorneys' fees and costs. In response to various motions by us, the plaintiff filed two amended petitions which scaled back the putative class from a nationwide class to a class of all Texas residents who were charged a FSC by us or by our Corpus Christi licensee. A new cause of action was also added for conversion for which the plaintiff is seeking punitive damages. After some limited discovery, we filed a motion for summary judgment in December 2004. That motion was denied in January 2005. The parties then engaged in more extensive discovery. In April 2006, the plaintiff further amended his petition by adding a cause of action for fraudulent misrepresentation and, at the plaintiff's request, a hearing on the plaintiff's motion for class certification was scheduled for August 2006. In May 2006, the plaintiff filed a fourth amended petition which deleted the cause of action for conversion and the plaintiff also filed a first amended motion for class certification in anticipation of the August 2006 hearing on class certification. After the hearing, the plaintiff filed a fifth amended petition seeking to further refine the putative class as including
30
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
all Texas residents who were charged a FSC in Texas after February 6, 2000. In October 2006, the judge entered a class certification order which certified a class of all Texas residents who were charged an FSC in Texas after February 6, 2000. We are appealing the order.
On November 18, 2004, Keith Kochner, individually and on behalf of all similarly situated persons, v. The Hertz Corporation was commenced in the District Court in and for Tulsa County, State of Oklahoma. As with the Gomez case, Kochner purports to be a class action, this time on behalf of Oklahoma residents who rented from us and incurred our FSC. The petition alleged that the imposition of the FSC is a breach of contract and amounts to an unconscionable penalty or liquidated damages in violation of Article 2A of the Oklahoma Uniform Commercial Code. The plaintiff seeks an unspecified amount of compensatory damages, with the return of all FSC paid or the difference between the FSC and our actual costs, disgorgement of unearned profits, attorneys' fees and costs. In March 2005, the trial court granted our motion to dismiss the action but also granted the plaintiff the right to replead. In April 2005, the plaintiff filed an amended class action petition, newly alleging that our FSC violates the Oklahoma Consumer Protection Act and that we have been unjustly enriched, and again alleging that our FSC is unconscionable under Article 2A of the Oklahoma Uniform Commercial Code. In May 2005, we filed a motion to dismiss the amended class action petition. In October 2005, the court granted our motion to dismiss, but allowed the plaintiff to file a second amended complaint and we then answered the complaint. Discovery has now commenced. In August 2007, we filed a motion for summary judgment.
On January 10, 2007, Marlena Guerra, individually and on behalf of all other similarly situated persons, v. The Hertz Corporation was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. As with the Gomez and Kochner cases, Guerra purports to be a class action on behalf of all individuals and business entities who rented vehicles at Las Vegas McCarran International Airport and were charged a FSC. The complaint alleged that those customers who paid the FSC were fraudulently charged a surcharge required for fuel in violation of Nevada's Deceptive Trade Practices Act. The plaintiff also alleged the FSC violates the Nevada Uniform Commercial Code, or "UCC," since it is unconscionable and operates as an unlawful liquidated damages provision. Finally, the plaintiff claimed that we breached our own rental agreementwhich the plaintiff claims to have been modified so as not to violate Nevada lawby charging the FSC, since such charges violate the UCC and/or the prohibition against fuel surcharges. The plaintiff seeks compensatory damages, including the return of all FSC paid or the difference between the FSC and its actual costs, plus prejudgment interest, attorneys' fees and costs. In March 2007, we filed a motion to dismiss. In July 2007, the court granted our motion to dismiss and ordered the plaintiff's complaint be dismissed with prejudice.
On August 15, 2006, Davis Landscape, Ltd., individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, v. Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, was filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. Davis Landscape, Ltd., purports to be a nationwide class action on behalf of all persons and business entities who rented equipment from Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, or "HERC," and who paid a Loss Damage Waiver, or "LDW," charge. The complaint alleges that the LDW is deceptive and unconscionable as a matter of law under pertinent sections of New Jersey law, including the New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act and the New Jersey Uniform Commercial Code. The plaintiff seeks an unspecified amount of statutory damages under the New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act, an unspecified amount of compensatory damages with the return of all LDW charges paid, declaratory relief and an injunction prohibiting HERC from engaging in acts with respect to the LDW charge that violate the New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act. The complaint also asks for attorneys' fees and costs. In October 2006, we filed an answer to the complaint. In November 2006, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint adding an additional plaintiff, Miguel V. Pro, an individual residing in Texas, and new claims relating to HERC's
31
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
charging of an "Environmental Recovery Fee." Causes of action for breach of contract and breach of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing were also added. In January 2007, we filed an answer to the amended complaint. Discovery has now commenced.
On October 13, 2006, Janet Sobel, Daniel Dugan, PhD. and Lydia Lee, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. The Hertz Corporation and Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. Sobel purports to be a nationwide class action on behalf of all persons who rented cars from Hertz or Enterprise at airports in Nevada and whom Hertz or Enterprise charged airport concession recovery fees. The complaint alleged that the airport concession recovery fees violate certain provisions of Nevada law, including Nevada's Deceptive Trade Practices Act. The plaintiffs seek an unspecified amount of compensatory damages, restitution of any charges found to be improper and an injunction prohibiting Hertz and Enterprise from quoting or charging any of the fees prohibited by Nevada law. The complaint also asks for attorneys' fees and costs. In November 2006, the plaintiffs and Enterprise stipulated and agreed that claims against Enterprise would be dismissed without prejudice. In January 2007, we filed a motion to dismiss. In September 2007, the court denied our motion to dismiss. We thereafter filed a motion for certification seeking to have the interpretation of Nevada Revised Statutes Section 482.31575 certified to the Nevada Supreme Court or, in the alternative, to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. In October 2007, we answered the complaint.
On May 3, 2007, Fun Services of Kansas City, Inc., individually and as the representative of a class of similarly-situated persons, v. Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation was commenced in the District Court of Wyandotte County, Kansas. Fun Services purports to be a class action on behalf of all persons in Kansas and throughout the United States who on or after four years prior to the filing of the action were sent facsimile messages of advertising materials relating to the availability of property, goods or services by HERC and who did not provide express permission for sending such faxes. The plaintiff asserts violations of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. Section 227, and common law conversion and the plaintiff is seeking damages and costs of suit. In June 2007, we removed this action to the United States District Court for the District of Kansas.
We believe that we have meritorious defenses in the foregoing matters and will defend ourselves vigorously.
In addition, we are currently a defendant in numerous actions and have received numerous claims on which actions have not yet been commenced for public liability and property damage arising from the operation of motor vehicles and equipment rented from us and our licensees. In the aggregate, we can be expected to expend material sums to defend and settle public liability and property damage actions and claims or to pay judgments resulting from them.
On February 19, 2007, The Hertz Corporation and TSD Rental LLC v. Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company and The Crawford Group, Inc. was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. In this action, we and our co-plaintiff seek damages and injunctive relief based upon allegations that Enterprise and its corporate parent, The Crawford Group, Inc., unlawfully engaged in anticompetitive and unfair and deceptive business practices by claiming to customers of Hertz that once Enterprise obtains a patent that it has applied for relating to its insurance replacement reservation system, Hertz will be prevented from using the co-plaintiff's EDiCAR system, which Hertz currently uses in its insurance replacement business. The complaint alleges, among other things, that Enterprise's threats are improper because the Enterprise patent, once issued, should be invalid and unenforceable. In
32
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Unaudited
April 2007, Enterprise and Crawford filed a motion to dismiss and Hertz and TSD filed opposition papers in May 2007. See "Part IIItem 1ARisk Factors" included elsewhere in this Report.
On September 25, 2007, we filed a second lawsuit, also captioned The Hertz Corporation and TSD Rental LLC v. Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company and The Crawford Group, Inc. in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. In this second lawsuitthe patent actionwe seek a declaratory judgment that a newly issued patent to The Crawford Group, Inc. is not infringed by Hertz and is invalid and unenforceable. On October 9, 2007, we filed an amended complaint in the similarly captioned lawsuit that had been filed in February of 2007the antitrust actionand we also filed a motion to consolidate the antitrust action and the patent action. In November 2007, the court granted our motion to consolidate the two actions.
In addition to the foregoing, various legal actions, claims and governmental inquiries and proceedings are pending or may be instituted or asserted in the future against us and our subsidiaries. Litigation is subject to many uncertainties, and the outcome of the individual litigated matters is not predictable with assurance. It is possible that certain of the actions, claims, inquiries or proceedings, including those discussed above, could be decided unfavorably to us or any of our subsidiaries involved. Although the amount of liability with respect to these matters cannot be ascertained, potential liability in excess of related accruals is not expected to materially affect our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows, but it could be material in the period in which it is recorded.
33
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis provides information that management believes to be relevant to understanding our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the related notes thereto contained in our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, or this "Report."
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained or incorporated by reference in this Report including, without limitation, those concerning our liquidity and capital resources, contain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 concerning our results of operations; economic performance; financial condition; management forecasts; efficiencies, cost savings and opportunities to increase productivity and profitability; income and margins; liquidity; anticipated growth; economies of scale; the economy; future economic performance; our ability to maintain profitability during adverse economic cycles and unfavorable external events; future acquisitions and dispositions; litigation; potential and contingent liabilities; management's plans; taxes; and refinancing of existing debt. Because such statements involve risks and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These statements often include words such as "believes," "expects," "projects," "anticipates," "intends," "plans," "estimates," "seeks," "will," "may," "should," "forecasts" or similar expressions.
Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance or results and by their nature are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties. We caution you therefore that you should not rely on these forward-looking statements. You should understand that the risks and uncertainties discussed in "Part IIItem 1ARisk Factors" included elsewhere in this Report and in Hertz Global Holdings, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or the "SEC," on March 30, 2007, or our "Form 10-K," could affect our future results and could cause those results or other outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements.
Any forward-looking information contained in this Report speaks only as of the date of this Report. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information, changed circumstances or unanticipated events.
Unless the context otherwise requires, in this Report, (i) "we," "us," "our," the "registrant" and the "Company" mean Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. (previously known as CCMG Holdings, Inc.), or "Hertz Holdings," and its consolidated subsidiaries, (ii) "Hertz" means The Hertz Corporation, (iii) "HERC" means Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, our wholly owned subsidiary, and our various other wholly owned international subsidiaries that conduct our industrial, construction and material handling equipment rental business, (iv) "cars" means cars and light trucks (including sport utility vehicles and, outside North America, light commercial vehicles), (v) "program cars" means cars purchased by car rental companies under repurchase or guaranteed depreciation programs, (vi) "risk cars" mean cars not purchased under repurchase or guaranteed depreciation programs for which the car rental company is exposed to residual risk and (vii) "equipment" means industrial, construction and material handling equipment.
We are a successor to corporations that have been engaged in the car and truck rental and leasing business since 1918 and the equipment rental business since 1965. Hertz Holdings was incorporated in Delaware in 2005 and had no operations prior to the Acquisition (as defined below). Hertz was incorporated in Delaware in 1967. Ford Motor Company, or "Ford," acquired an ownership interest in
34
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Hertz in 1987. Prior to this, Hertz was a subsidiary of UAL Corporation (formerly Allegis Corporation), which acquired Hertz's outstanding capital stock from RCA Corporation in 1985.
On December 21, 2005, or the "Closing Date," investment funds associated with or designated by Clayton, Dubilier & Rice, Inc., or "CD&R," The Carlyle Group, or "Carlyle," and Merrill Lynch Global Private Equity, or "MLGPE," or collectively the "Sponsors," through CCMG Acquisition Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Hertz Holdings (previously known as CCMG Holdings, Inc.), acquired all of Hertz's common stock from Ford Holdings LLC for aggregate consideration of $4,379 million in cash, debt refinanced or assumed of $10,116 million and transaction fees and expenses of $447 million.
We refer to the acquisition of all of Hertz's common stock through a wholly owned subsidiary of Hertz Holdings as the "Acquisition." We refer to the Acquisition, together with related transactions entered into to finance the cash consideration for the Acquisition, to refinance certain of our existing indebtedness and to pay related transaction fees and expenses, as the "Transactions."
In November 2006, we completed our initial public offering of 88,235,000 shares of our common stock at a per share price of $15.00, with proceeds to us before underwriting discounts and offering expenses of approximately $1.3 billion. The proceeds were used to repay borrowings that were outstanding under a $1.0 billion loan facility entered into by Hertz Holdings and to pay related transaction fees and expenses. The proceeds were also used to pay special cash dividends of $1.12 per share on November 21, 2006 to stockholders of record of Hertz Holdings immediately prior to the initial public offering.
In June 2007, the Sponsors completed a secondary public offering of 51,750,000 shares of their Hertz Holdings common stock at a per share price of $22.25. We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of these shares. We paid all of the expenses of the offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions of the selling stockholders, pursuant to a registration rights agreement we entered into at the time of the Acquisition. These expenses aggregated to approximately $2.0 million. Immediately following the secondary public offering, the Sponsors' ownership percentage in us decreased to approximately 55%.
Overview of Our Business
We are engaged principally in the business of renting cars and renting equipment.
Our revenues primarily are derived from rental and related charges and consist of:
Our equipment rental business also derives revenues from the sale of new equipment and consumables.
35
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Our expenses primarily consist of:
The car and equipment rental industries are significantly influenced by general economic conditions. The car rental industry is also significantly influenced by developments in the travel industry, and, particularly, in airline passenger traffic. Our profitability is primarily a function of the volume, mix and pricing of rental transactions and the utilization of cars and equipment. Significant changes in the purchase price of cars and equipment or interest rates can also have a significant effect on our profitability depending on our ability to adjust pricing for these changes. In the United States, 2007 model year program vehicle depreciation costs rose approximately 15% and per-car depreciation costs for 2007 model year U.S. risk cars declined. As a consequence of those changes in per-car costs, as well as the larger proportion of our U.S. fleet we have purchased as risk cars and other actions we have taken to mitigate program car cost increases, our net per-car depreciation costs for 2007 model year cars in the United States have increased by less than 3% from our net per-car depreciation costs for 2006 model year U.S. cars. We expect 2008 model year vehicle depreciation costs in the United States to increase 3% to 5%. Our business requires significant expenditures for cars and equipment, and consequently we require substantial liquidity to finance such expenditures.
Our car rental and equipment rental operations are seasonal businesses, with decreased levels of business in the winter months and heightened activity during the spring and summer. We have the ability to dynamically manage fleet capacity, the most significant portion of our cost structure, to meet market demand. For instance, to accommodate increased demand, we increase our available fleet and staff during the second and third quarters of the year. As business demand declines, fleet and staff are decreased accordingly. A number of our other major operating costs, including airport concession fees, commissions and vehicle liability expenses, are directly related to revenues or transaction volumes. In addition, our management expects to utilize enhanced process improvements, including efficiency initiatives and use of our information systems, to help manage our variable costs. Approximately two-thirds of our typical annual operating costs represent variable costs, while the remaining one-third is fixed or semi-fixed. We also maintain a flexible workforce, with a significant number of part time and seasonal workers. However, certain operating expenses, including minimum concession fees, rent, insurance, and administrative overhead, remain fixed and cannot be adjusted for seasonal demand.
As part of our effort to implement our strategy of reducing operating costs, we are evaluating our workforce and operations and making adjustments, including headcount reductions and process improvements to optimize work flow at rental locations and maintenance facilities as well as streamlining our back-office operations, initiating business process reengineering and evaluating outsourcing opportunities. When we make adjustments to our workforce and operations, we may incur incremental expenses that delay the benefit of a more efficient workforce and operating structure, but we believe that
36
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
increasing our operating efficiency and reducing the costs associated with the operation of our business are important to our long-term competitiveness.
On January 5, 2007, we announced the first in a series of initiatives to further improve our competitiveness through targeted job reductions affecting approximately 200 employees primarily at our corporate headquarters in Park Ridge, New Jersey and our U.S. service center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. These reductions are expected to result in annualized savings of up to $15.8 million.
On February 28, 2007, we announced the second initiative to further improve our competitiveness and industry leadership through targeted job reductions affecting approximately 1,350 employees primarily in our U.S. car rental operations, with much smaller reductions occurring in our U.S. equipment rental operations, the corporate headquarters in Park Ridge, New Jersey, and the U.S. service center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, as well as in Canada, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Australia and New Zealand. These reductions are expected to result in annualized savings of up to $125.0 million.
On June 1, 2007, we announced the third initiative to further improve our operational efficiency through targeted reductions affecting approximately 480 positions in our U.S. car and equipment rental operations, as well as financial and reservations-related jobs in our U.S. service center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. These reductions are expected to result in approximately $24.0 million of annualized savings.
We recognized $16.1 million and $65.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, relating to our restructuring initiatives discussed above. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2007 and continuing into 2008, we expect to implement cost initiatives in our European operations that are expected to result in additional annualized savings of approximately $50.0 million. We plan to announce, as plans are finalized, other efficiency initiatives during 2007 and 2008. We currently anticipate incurring future charges to earnings in connection with those initiatives; however, we have not yet developed detailed estimates of these expenses.
For the year ended December 31, 2006, based on publicly available information, we believe some U.S. car rental companies experienced transaction day growth and pricing increases compared to comparable prior periods. For the year ended December 31, 2006, we experienced a less than one percentage point volume decline versus the prior period in the U.S., while pricing was up over three percentage points. The volume decline was the result of a reduction in fleet volume given significant fleet cost increases, higher leisure pricing for the period from March through May 2006 and the difficult comparison in the quarter ending December 31, 2006 due to the extraordinarily high volumes of post-hurricane rentals in the Gulf Coast and Florida areas in 2005. During the year ended December 31, 2006, we experienced low to mid single digit transaction day growth in our European operations and our car rental pricing was above the level of our pricing during the year ended December 31, 2005.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, based on publicly available information, we believe most major U.S. car rental brands experienced rental rate revenue per transaction day, or "RPD," and transaction day increases compared to comparable prior periods. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we experienced higher worldwide car rental volumes and a slight improvement in RPD.
In the three years ended December 31, 2006, we increased the number of our off-airport rental locations in the United States by approximately 32% to approximately 1,380 locations. Revenues from our U.S. off-airport operations grew during the same period, representing $890.1 million, $845.8 million and $697.4 million of our total car rental revenues in the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Our expanding U.S. off-airport operations represented $732.2 million and $671.5 million of
37
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
our total car rental revenues in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of September 30, 2007, we had approximately 1,525 off-airport locations. In the balance of 2007 and in subsequent years, our strategy will include selected openings of new off-airport locations, the disciplined evaluation of existing locations and the pursuit of same-store sales growth. Our strategy includes increasing penetration in the off-airport market and growing the online leisure market, particularly in the longer length weekly sector, which is characterized by lower vehicle cost and lower transaction cost at lower RPD. Increasing our penetration in these sectors is consistent with our long term strategy to generate profitable growth. When we open a new off-airport location, we incur a number of costs, including those relating to site selection, lease negotiation, recruitment of employees, selection and development of managers, initial sales activities and integration of our systems with those of the companies who will reimburse the location's replacement renters for their rentals. A new off-airport location, once opened, takes time to generate its full potential revenues, and as a result revenues at new locations do not initially cover their start-up costs and often do not, for some time, cover the costs of their ongoing operation.
HERC experienced higher equipment rental pricing and volumes worldwide for the year ended December 31, 2006 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. In 2006, HERC added ten locations in the United States, added two locations in Canada and added seven locations in Europe. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, HERC added six locations in the United States and Canada and added five locations in Europe. HERC expects to add approximately seven to ten additional locations worldwide during the remainder of the year. In its U.S. expansion, we expect HERC will incur non-fleet start-up costs of approximately $0.7 million per location and additional fleet acquisition costs over an initial twelve-month period of approximately $4.7 million per location. In its European expansion, we expect HERC will incur lower start-up costs per location as compared with the United States.
38
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Three Months ended September 30, 2007 Compared with Three Months ended September 30, 2006
Summary
The following table sets forth the percentage of total revenues represented by the various line items set forth in our consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
|
|
|
Percentage of Revenues |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||
Car rental | $ | 1,944.4 | $ | 1,753.3 | 79.4 | % | 78.3 | % | |||||
Equipment rental | 464.8 | 452.9 | 19.0 | 20.2 | |||||||||
Other | 40.4 | 34.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | |||||||||
Total revenues | 2,449.6 | 2,240.6 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |||||||||
Expenses: | |||||||||||||
Direct operating | 1,216.1 | 1,176.8 | 49.7 | 52.5 | |||||||||
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment | 535.0 | 467.9 | 21.8 | 20.9 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 203.2 | 182.3 | 8.3 | 8.1 | |||||||||
Interest, net of interest income | 240.2 | 249.7 | 9.8 | 11.2 | |||||||||
Total expenses | 2,194.5 | 2,076.7 | 89.6 | 92.7 | |||||||||
Income before income taxes and minority interest |
255.1 |
163.9 |
10.4 |
7.3 |
|||||||||
Provision for taxes on income |
(86.9 |
) |
(51.4 |
) |
(3.6 |
) |
(2.3 |
) |
|||||
Minority interest |
(5.5 |
) |
(5.0 |
) |
(0.2 |
) |
(0.2 |
) |
|||||
Net income |
$ |
162.7 |
$ |
107.5 |
6.6 |
% |
4.8 |
% |
|||||
39
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
The following table sets forth certain of our selected car rental, equipment rental and other operating data for the three months ended or as of September 30, 2007 and 2006:
|
Three Months Ended or as of September 30, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||
Selected Car Rental Operating Data: | |||||||||
Worldwide number of transactions (in thousands) | 7,667 | 7,324 | |||||||
Domestic | 5,578 | 5,350 | |||||||
International | 2,089 | 1,974 | |||||||
Worldwide transaction days (in thousands)(a) | 36,626 | 34,716 | |||||||
Domestic | 23,957 | 22,884 | |||||||
International | 12,669 | 11,832 | |||||||
Worldwide rental rate revenue per transaction day(b) | $ | 45.33 | $ | 44.27 | |||||
Domestic | $ | 44.85 | $ | 43.69 | |||||
International | $ | 46.23 | $ | 45.39 | |||||
Worldwide average number of company-operated cars during the period | 505,400 | 468,000 | |||||||
Domestic | 327,200 | 303,100 | |||||||
International | 178,200 | 164,900 | |||||||
Adjusted pre-tax income (in millions of dollars)(c) | $ | 294.1 | $ | 228.7 | |||||
Worldwide revenue earning equipment, net (in millions of dollars) | $ | 8,869.1 | $ | 8,141.1 | |||||
Selected Worldwide Equipment Rental Operating Data: |
|||||||||
Rental and rental related revenue (in millions of dollars)(d) | $ | 407.8 | $ | 402.3 | |||||
Same store revenue growth(e) | 0.0 | % | 13.3 | % | |||||
Average acquisition cost of rental equipment operated during the period (in millions of dollars) | $ | 3,396.6 | $ | 3,182.2 | |||||
Adjusted pre-tax income (in millions of dollars)(c) | $ | 109.2 | $ | 103.8 | |||||
Revenue earning equipment, net (in millions of dollars) | $ | 2,720.0 | $ | 2,523.3 | |||||
Other Operating Data: |
|||||||||
EBITDA (in millions of dollars)(f) | $ | 1,083.9 | $ | 940.5 | |||||
Corporate EBITDA (in millions of dollars)(f) | $ | 555.1 | $ | 489.2 |
40
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
rental rate revenue per transaction day (based on December 31, 2006 foreign exchange rates) for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars, except as noted):
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Car rental revenue per statement of operations | $ | 1,944.4 | $ | 1,753.3 | |||
Non-rental rate revenue | (252.0 | ) | (234.0 | ) | |||
Foreign currency adjustment | (32.3 | ) | 17.5 | ||||
Rental rate revenue | $ | 1,660.1 | $ | 1,536.8 | |||
Transaction days (in thousands) |
36,626 |
34,716 |
|||||
Rental rate revenue per transaction day (in whole dollars) | $ | 45.33 | $ | 44.27 |
|
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Car Rental |
Equipment Rental |
Corporate and Other |
||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest | $ | 250.5 | $ | 94.4 | $ | (89.8 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: | |||||||||||
Purchase accounting(1) | 9.1 | 13.8 | 0.4 | ||||||||
Non-cash debt charges(2) | 29.1 | 2.8 | 2.9 | ||||||||
Unrealized loss on derivative(3) | | | 7.0 | ||||||||
Restructuring charges | 11.9 | 0.4 | 3.8 | ||||||||
CEO/CFO transition costs | | | 7.8 | ||||||||
Vacation accrual adjustment(4) | (6.5 | ) | (2.2 | ) | (0.5 | ) | |||||
Adjusted pre-tax income (loss) | $ | 294.1 | $ | 109.2 | $ | (68.4 | ) | ||||
|
Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Car Rental |
Equipment Rental |
Corporate and Other |
|||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest | $ | 204.8 | $ | 84.5 | $ | (125.4 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: | |||||||||||
Purchase accounting(1) | 5.7 | 16.2 | 0.4 | ||||||||
Non-cash debt charges(2) | 18.2 | 3.1 | 2.8 | ||||||||
Mark-to-market Euro-denominated debt(5) | | | (2.3 | ) | |||||||
Interest on HGH debt | | | 23.6 | ||||||||
Stock-based compensation charges | | | 13.3 | ||||||||
CEO/CFO transition costs | | | 4.2 | ||||||||
Adjusted pre-tax income (loss) | $ | 228.7 | $ | 103.8 | $ | (83.4 | ) | ||||
41
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Equipment rental revenue per statement of operations | $ | 464.8 | $ | 452.9 | |||
Equipment sales and other revenue | (49.3 | ) | (50.0 | ) | |||
Foreign currency adjustment | (7.7 | ) | (0.6 | ) | |||
Rental and rental related revenue | $ | 407.8 | $ | 402.3 | |||
42
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
43
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
non-GAAP measures. The following table reconciles net income to EBITDA and Corporate EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
Net income(1) | $ | 162.7 | $ | 107.5 | ||||
Depreciation and amortization(2) | 594.1 | 531.9 | ||||||
Interest, net of interest income(3) | 240.2 | 249.7 | ||||||
Provision for taxes on income | 86.9 | 51.4 | ||||||
EBITDA(4) | 1,083.9 | 940.5 | ||||||
Adjustments: | ||||||||
Car rental fleet interest | (132.5 | ) | (107.8 | ) | ||||
Car rental fleet depreciation | (456.9 | ) | (393.5 | ) | ||||
Non-cash expenses and charges(5) | 45.9 | 45.0 | ||||||
Extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring gains or losses(6) | 14.7 | 4.2 | ||||||
Sponsors' fees | | 0.8 | ||||||
Corporate EBITDA | $ | 555.1 | $ | 489.2 | ||||
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 10.6 | $ | 96.3 | ||||
Amortization of debt and debt modification costs | (17.1 | ) | (25.3 | ) | ||||
Provision for losses on doubtful accounts | (4.1 | ) | (4.5 | ) | ||||
Unrealized loss on derivatives | (7.0 | ) | (2.6 | ) | ||||
Unrealized gain on mark-to-market of Euro-denominated debt | | 2.3 | ||||||
Loss on ineffectiveness of interest rate swaps | (17.7 | ) | | |||||
Stock-based employee compensation | (10.5 | ) | (18.9 | ) | ||||
Gain on sale of property | 9.8 | | ||||||
Minority interest | (5.5 | ) | (5.0 | ) | ||||
Deferred taxes on income | (42.2 | ) | (42.6 | ) | ||||
Provision for taxes on income | 86.9 | 51.4 | ||||||
Interest expense, net of interest income | 240.2 | 249.7 | ||||||
Net changes in assets and liabilities | 840.5 | 639.7 | ||||||
EBITDA | $ | 1,083.9 | $ | 940.5 | ||||
44
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Corporate non-cash stock-based employee compensation charges | $ | 7.0 | $ | 18.9 | |||
Non-cash amortization of debt costs included in car rental fleet interest | 28.5 | 17.5 | |||||
Corporate non-cash charges for public liability and property damage | 2.1 | 1.7 | |||||
Corporate non-cash charges for pension | 1.3 | 4.3 | |||||
Corporate unrealized losses on mark-to-market of Euro-denominated debt | | | |||||
Corporate unrealized loss on derivatives | 7.0 | 2.6 | |||||
Total | $ | 45.9 | $ | 45.0 | |||
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Restructuring charges | $ | 16.1 | $ | | |||
CEO/CFO transition costs | 7.8 | 4.2 | |||||
Vacation accrual adjustment | (9.2 | ) | | ||||
Total | $ | 14.7 | $ | 4.2 | |||
Revenues
Total revenues in the three months ended September 30, 2007 of $2,449.6 million increased by 9.3% from $2,240.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006.
Revenues from our car rental operations of $1,944.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by $191.1 million, or 10.9%, from $1,753.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily the result of a 5.5% increase in car rental volume worldwide, a 2.4% increase in rental rate revenue per transaction day, or "RPD," an increase in airport concession recovery fees and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $50.4 million.
RPD for worldwide car rental increased 2.4% from the three months ended September 30, 2006, including a 2.7% increase in U.S. RPD and a 1.9% improvement in international RPD. The increase in U.S. RPD is a result of U.S. airport RPD improving 4.8%, reflecting our increased pricing during summer, partly offset by a decline in U.S. off-airport RPD of 1.3%, reflecting the continued growth of longer length, lower RPD business, which has a lower cost profile. Our strategy includes increasing penetration in the off-airport market and growing the online leisure market, particularly in the longer length weekly sector, which is characterized by lower vehicle cost and lower transaction cost at lower RPD. Increasing our penetration in these sectors is consistent with our long term strategy to generate profitable growth.
Revenues from our equipment rental operations of $464.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by $11.9 million, or 2.6%, from $452.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was due to higher rental volume worldwide and the effects of foreign currency translation of $8.2 million.
45
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Revenues from all other sources of $40.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by $6.0 million, or 17.2%, from $34.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006, primarily due to the increase in car rental licensee revenue.
Expenses
Total expenses of $2,194.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 5.7% from $2,076.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006, and total expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 89.6% in the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared with 92.7% in the three months ended September 30, 2006.
Direct operating expenses of $1,216.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by $39.3 million, or 3.3%, from $1,176.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was the result of increases in other direct operating expenses and fleet related expenses.
Other direct operating expenses increased $30.3 million, or 6.3%. The majority of the increase related to the increase in worldwide rental volume including increases in concession fees in our car rental operations of $14.5 million and commissions of $13.9 million, restructuring charges of $5.5 million and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $12.7 million, partly offset by a gain on sale of our Italy headquarters of approximately $9.8 million in 2007.
Fleet related expenses increased $9.0 million, or 3.1%. The majority of the increase related to the increase in worldwide rental volume and included an increase in self-insurance expense of $6.9 million and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $10.6 million, partly offset by a decrease in vehicle damage and maintenance costs of $6.8 million.
Personnel related expenses increased $0.03 million. The increase primarily related to increases in incentive compensation of $5.3 million and wages of $3.0 million, offset by a decrease in employee vacation accrual resulting from a change in our U.S. vacation policy of which the portion relating to direct operating expense was $7.6 million, and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $8.5 million.
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment for our car rental operations of $456.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 16.1% from $393.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to the higher cost of vehicles in the United States, an increase in average fleet operated, lower net proceeds received in excess of book value on the disposal of used vehicles and the effects of foreign currency translation. Depreciation of revenue earning equipment for our equipment rental operations of $78.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 5.0% from $74.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006 primarily due to an increase in the quantity of equipment operated, as well as lower net proceeds received in excess of book value on the disposal of used equipment.
Selling, general and administrative expenses of $203.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 11.5% from $182.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to increases in advertising expenses, administrative expenses and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $5.4 million. Advertising expenses increased $12.2 million. Administrative expenses increased $7.5 million primarily due to restructuring charges of $10.6 million, increases in the unrealized loss on our Hertz International Ltd., or "HIL," swaptions of $4.4 million and stock-based employee compensation expense of $3.4 million and foreign currency transaction gains of $2.3 million associated with our Euro-denominated debt in the three months ended September 30, 2006, partly offset by stock purchase compensation expense of $13.3 million in 2006.
46
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Interest expense, net of interest income, of $240.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 decreased by 3.8% from $249.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006, primarily due to a decrease in the weighted average debt outstanding, partly offset by a loss resulting from the ineffectiveness of our HVF swaps (defined below) of $17.7 million in 2007, an increase in the weighted average interest rate and a decrease in interest income.
Adjusted Pre-Tax Income (Loss)
Adjusted pre-tax income for our car rental segment of $294.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 28.6% from $228.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to transaction day improvement and lower total expenses as a percentage of revenues. Adjusted pre-tax income for our equipment rental segment of $109.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 5.2% from $103.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to increased rental revenue volumes and lower total expenses as a percentage of revenues. Adjusted pre-tax loss for "Corporate and other" of $68.4 million decreased by 18.0% from a loss of $83.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The decrease was primarily due to decreases in selling, general and administrative expenses and in interest expense.
Provision for Taxes on Income and Minority Interest
The provision for taxes on income of $86.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 68.8% from $51.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006, primarily due to the increase in income before taxes and minority interest and the overall mix of earnings, partly offset by the net change in valuation allowances of $8.1 million in the third quarter of 2007 relating to the realization of deferred tax assets in certain European countries. Based upon the factors noted above, the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased to 34.0% from 31.4% in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The results of operations for the three-month period ended September 30, 2007 included $5.7 million of out-of-period adjustments to the tax provision. These adjustments related primarily to the three-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2006, and if recorded, would have had a negative impact on the results of operations for these periods. See Note 5Taxes on Income.
Minority interest of $5.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007 increased $0.5 million from $5.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to an increase in our majority-owned subsidiary Navigation Solutions LLC's net income in the three months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2006.
Net Income
We had net income of $162.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007, representing a $55.2 million increase from $107.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006. The increase in net income was primarily due to higher rental volume in our worldwide car and equipment rental operations, partly offset by higher fleet costs, as well as the net effect of other contributing factors noted above. The impact of changes in exchange rates on net income was mitigated by the fact that not only foreign revenues but also most foreign expenses were incurred in local currencies.
47
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Effects of the Acquisition
The following table summarizes the purchase accounting effects of the Acquisition on our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Depreciation and amortization of tangible and intangible assets: | |||||||
Other intangible assets | $ | 15.3 | $ | 15.3 | |||
Revenue earning equipment | 4.6 | 3.7 | |||||
Property and equipment | 2.1 | 2.0 | |||||
Accretion of revalued liabilities: | |||||||
Discount on debt | 1.6 | 2.3 | |||||
Workers' compensation and public liability and property damage | 1.3 | 1.3 | |||||
$ | 24.9 | $ | 24.6 | ||||
Nine Months ended September 30, 2007 Compared with Nine Months ended September 30, 2006
Summary
The following table sets forth the percentage of total revenues represented by the various line items set forth in our consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
|
|
|
Percentage of Revenues |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||
|
2007 |
2006 |
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||
Car rental | $ | 5,161.2 | $ | 4,745.6 | 78.8 | % | 78.2 | % | |||||
Equipment rental | 1,287.4 | 1,236.2 | 19.7 | 20.4 | |||||||||
Other | 98.2 | 86.0 | 1.5 | 1.4 | |||||||||
Total revenues | 6,546.8 | 6,067.8 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |||||||||
Expenses: | |||||||||||||
Direct operating | 3,495.1 | 3,384.2 | 53.4 | 55.8 | |||||||||
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment | 1,498.9 | 1,311.4 | 22.9 | 21.6 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 586.0 | 541.7 | 8.9 | 8.9 | |||||||||
Interest, net of interest income | 661.3 | 672.6 | 10.1 | 11.1 | |||||||||
Total expenses | 6,241.3 | 5,909.9 | 95.3 | 97.4 | |||||||||
Income before income taxes and minority interest | 305.5 | 157.9 | 4.7 | 2.6 | |||||||||
Provision for taxes on income | (107.3 | ) | (69.5 | ) | (1.7 | ) | (1.1 | ) | |||||
Minority interest | (14.4 | ) | (12.3 | ) | (0.2 | ) | (0.2 | ) | |||||
Net income | $ | 183.8 | $ | 76.1 | 2.8 | % | 1.3 | % | |||||
48
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
The following table sets forth certain of our selected car rental, equipment rental and other operating data for the nine months ended or as of September 30, 2007 and 2006:
|
Nine Months Ended or as of September 30, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||||
Selected Car Rental Operating Data: | |||||||||
Worldwide number of transactions (in thousands) | 21,975 | 21,057 | |||||||
Domestic | 16,395 | 15,734 | |||||||
International | 5,580 | 5,323 | |||||||
Worldwide transaction days (in thousands)(a) | 98,355 | 93,661 | |||||||
Domestic | 67,793 | 64,963 | |||||||
International | 30,562 | 28,698 | |||||||
Worldwide rental rate revenue per transaction day(a)(b) | $ | 44.78 | $ | 44.45 | |||||
Domestic | $ | 43.91 | $ | 43.75 | |||||
International | $ | 46.72 | $ | 46.05 | |||||
Worldwide average number of company-operated cars during the period | 467,100 | 436,300 | |||||||
Domestic | 318,600 | 297,200 | |||||||
International | 148,500 | 139,100 | |||||||
Adjusted pre-tax income (in millions of dollars)(a)(c) | $ | 484.1 | $ | 359.1 | |||||
Worldwide revenue earning equipment, net (in millions of dollars) | $ | 8,869.1 | $ | 8,141.1 | |||||
Selected Worldwide Equipment Rental Operating Data: |
|||||||||
Rental and rental related revenue (in millions of dollars)(a)(d) | $ | 1,134.6 | $ | 1,090.9 | |||||
Same store revenue growth(a) | 1.9 | % | 20.8 | % | |||||
Average acquisition cost of rental equipment operated during the period (in millions of dollars) | $ | 3,237.6 | $ | 2,976.0 | |||||
Adjusted pre-tax income (in millions of dollars)(a)(c) | $ | 271.5 | $ | 245.0 | |||||
Revenue earning equipment, net (in millions of dollars) | $ | 2,720.0 | $ | 2,523.3 | |||||
Other Operating Data: |
|||||||||
EBITDA (in millions of dollars)(a)(e) | $ | 2,632.2 | $ | 2,323.9 | |||||
Corporate EBITDA (in millions of dollars)(a)(e) | $ | 1,163.5 | $ | 1,013.6 |
49
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Car rental revenue per statement of operations | $ | 5,161.2 | $ | 4,745.6 | |||
Non-rental rate revenue | (708.6 | ) | (651.3 | ) | |||
Foreign currency adjustment | (47.8 | ) | 69.3 | ||||
Rental rate revenue | $ | 4,404.8 | $ | 4,163.6 | |||
Transaction days (in thousands) | 98,355 | 93,661 | |||||
Rental rate revenue per transaction day (in whole dollars) | $ | 44.78 | $ | 44.45 |
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Car Rental |
Equipment Rental |
Corporate and Other |
||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest | $ | 379.2 | $ | 224.2 | $ | (297.9 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: | |||||||||||
Purchase accounting(1) | 25.1 | 42.6 | 1.3 | ||||||||
Non-cash debt charges(2) | 53.9 | 8.3 | 25.1 | ||||||||
Unrealized gain on derivative(3) | | | (3.2 | ) | |||||||
Restructuring charges | 46.3 | 3.4 | 15.7 | ||||||||
Secondary offering costs | | | 2.0 | ||||||||
CEO/CFO transition costs | | | 11.0 | ||||||||
Vacation accrual adjustment(4) | (20.4 | ) | (7.0 | ) | (1.4 | ) | |||||
Adjusted pre-tax income (loss) | $ | 484.1 | $ | 271.5 | $ | (247.4 | ) | ||||
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Car Rental |
Equipment Rental |
Corporate and Other |
||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest | $ | 283.1 | $ | 190.3 | $ | (315.5 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: | |||||||||||
Purchase accounting(1) | 17.1 | 45.8 | 1.5 | ||||||||
Non-cash debt charges(2) | 58.9 | 8.9 | 9.0 | ||||||||
Mark-to-market Euro-denominated debt(5) | | | 19.2 | ||||||||
Interest on HGH debt | | | 23.8 | ||||||||
Gain on sale of swap derivative(6) | | | (6.6 | ) | |||||||
Stock-based compensation charges | | | 13.3 | ||||||||
CEO/CFO transition costs | | | 5.4 | ||||||||
Adjusted pre-tax income (loss) | $ | 359.1 | $ | 245.0 | $ | (249.9 | ) | ||||
50
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Equipment rental revenue per statement of operations | $ | 1,287.4 | $ | 1,236.2 | |||
Equipment sales and other revenue | (140.6 | ) | (147.2 | ) | |||
Foreign currency adjustment | (12.2 | ) | 1.9 | ||||
Rental and rental related revenue | $ | 1,134.6 | $ | 1,090.9 | |||
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
Net income(1) | $ | 183.8 | $ | 76.1 | ||||
Depreciation and amortization(2) | 1,679.8 | 1,505.7 | ||||||
Interest, net of interest income(3) | 661.3 | 672.6 | ||||||
Provision for taxes on income | 107.3 | 69.5 | ||||||
EBITDA(4) | 2,632.2 | 2,323.9 | ||||||
Adjustments: | ||||||||
Car rental fleet interest | (320.7 | ) | (304.1 | ) | ||||
Car rental fleet depreciation | (1,279.7 | ) | (1,110.1 | ) | ||||
Non-cash expenses and charges(5) | 82.1 | 102.6 | ||||||
Extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring gains or losses(6) | 49.6 | (1.2 | ) | |||||
Sponsors' fees | | 2.5 | ||||||
Corporate EBITDA | $ | 1,163.5 | $ | 1,013.6 | ||||
51
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 2,213.1 | $ | 2,202.8 | ||||
Amortization of debt costs and debt modification costs | (69.5 | ) | (78.0 | ) | ||||
Provision for losses on doubtful accounts | (10.4 | ) | (13.7 | ) | ||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives | 3.0 | (3.0 | ) | |||||
Unrealized loss on mark-to-market of Euro-denominated debt | | (19.2 | ) | |||||
(Loss) gain on ineffectiveness of interest rate swaps | (17.7 | ) | 1.0 | |||||
Stock-based employee compensation | (24.3 | ) | (20.9 | ) | ||||
Gain on sale of property | 9.8 | | ||||||
Minority interest | (14.4 | ) | (12.3 | ) | ||||
Deferred taxes on income | (58.1 | ) | (61.0 | ) | ||||
Provision for taxes on income | 107.3 | 69.5 | ||||||
Interest expense, net of interest income | 661.3 | 672.6 | ||||||
Net changes in assets and liabilities | (167.9 | ) | (413.9 | ) | ||||
EBITDA | $ | 2,632.2 | $ | 2,323.9 | ||||
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Corporate non-cash stock-based employee compensation charges | $ | 20.8 | $ | 20.9 | |||
Non-cash amortization of debt costs included in car rental fleet interest | 52.2 | 56.8 | |||||
Non-cash charges for workers' compensation | 1.8 | | |||||
Corporate non-cash charges for public liability and property damage | 7.2 | | |||||
Corporate non-cash charges for pension | 3.0 | 2.7 | |||||
Corporate unrealized losses on mark-to-market of Euro-denominated debt | | 19.2 | |||||
Corporate unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives | (2.9 | ) | 3.0 | ||||
Total | $ | 82.1 | $ | 102.6 | |||
52
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
Restructuring charges | $ | 65.4 | $ | | ||||
CEO/CFO transition costs | 11.0 | 5.4 | ||||||
Secondary offering costs | 2.0 | | ||||||
Gain of sale of swap derivative | | (6.6 | ) | |||||
Vacation accrual adjustment | (28.8 | ) | | |||||
Total | $ | 49.6 | $ | (1.2 | ) | |||
Revenues
Total revenues in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 of $6,546.8 million increased by 7.9% from $6,067.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Revenues from our car rental operations of $5,161.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by $415.6 million, or 8.8%, from $4,745.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily the result of a 5.0% increase in car rental volume worldwide, a 0.7% increase in RPD, an increase in airport concession recovery fees and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $119.6 million.
RPD for worldwide car rental increased 0.7% from the nine months ended September 30, 2006, including a 0.4% increase in U.S. RPD and a 1.5% improvement in international RPD. The increase in U.S. RPD is a result of U.S. airport RPD improving 1.7%, reflecting our increased pricing during the recent summer, partly offset by a decline in U.S. off-airport RPD of 2.0%, reflecting the continued growth of longer length, lower RPD business, which has a lower cost profile. Our strategy includes increasing penetration in the off-airport market and growing the online leisure market, particularly in the longer length weekly sector, which is characterized by lower vehicle cost and lower transaction cost at lower RPD. Increasing our penetration in these sectors is consistent with our long term strategy to generate profitable growth.
Revenues from our equipment rental operations of $1,287.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by $51.2 million, or 4.1%, from $1,236.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was due to higher rental volume and improved pricing worldwide and the effects of foreign currency translation of $16.2 million.
Revenues from all other sources of $98.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by $12.2 million, or 14.2%, from $86.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006, primarily due to the increase in car rental licensee revenue.
Expenses
Total expenses of $6,241.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 5.6% from $5,909.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006, and total expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 95.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared with 97.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
53
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Direct operating expenses of $3,495.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by $110.9 million, or 3.3%, from $3,384.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was the result of increases in other direct operating expenses and fleet related expenses, partly offset by a decrease in personnel related expenses.
Other direct operating expenses increased $81.5 million, or 5.9%. The majority of the increase related to the increase in worldwide rental volume including increases in concession fees in our car rental operations of $34.8 million and commissions of $25.2 million, restructuring charges of $30.4 million and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $32.4 million, partly offset by a gain on sale of our Italy headquarters property of approximately $9.8 million in 2007.
Fleet related expenses increased $32.2 million, or 4.0%. The majority of the increase related to the increase in worldwide rental volume and included increases in self-insurance of $20.3 million, gasoline costs of $5.1 million and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $25.7 million, partly offset by a decrease in vehicle damage and maintenance costs of $10.0 million.
Personnel related expenses decreased $2.8 million, or 0.2%. The decrease primarily related to a decrease in employee vacation accrual resulting from a change in our U.S. vacation policy of which the portion relating to direct operating expense was $23.6 million, partly offset by increases in wages of $14.4 million, incentive compensation of $5.9 million and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $22.6 million.
Depreciation of revenue earning equipment for our car rental operations of $1,279.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 15.3% from $1,110.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to the higher cost of vehicles in the United States, an increase in average fleet operated, lower net proceeds received in excess of book value on the disposal of used vehicles and a $12.2 million net increase in depreciation in our U.S, Canada, International and Puerto Rico car rental operations resulting from changes in depreciation rates to reflect changes in the estimated residual value of vehicles and the effects of foreign currency translation. Depreciation of revenue earning equipment for our equipment rental operations of $219.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 8.9% from $201.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 primarily due to an increase in the quantity of equipment operated, as well as lower net proceeds received in excess of book value on the disposal of used equipment.
Selling, general and administrative expenses of $586.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 8.2% from $541.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to increases in administrative expenses and advertising expenses and the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $15.6 million. Administrative expenses increased $25.6 million primarily due to restructuring charges of $35.0 million, increases in stock-based employee compensation expense of $15.3 million, consulting fees of $6.5 million and pension costs of $3.3 million and secondary offering costs of $2.0 million, partly offset by foreign currency transaction losses of $19.2 million associated with our Euro-denominated debt in 2006, stock purchase compensation expense of $13.3 million in 2006, an increase in the unrealized gain on our HIL swaptions of $6.0 million and a decrease in employee vacation accrual resulting from a change in our U.S. vacation policy of which the portion relating to administrative expense was $5.0 million. Additionally, advertising expenses increased $18.0 million.
Interest expense, net of interest income, of $661.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 decreased by 1.7% from $672.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006, primarily due to a decrease in the weighted average debt outstanding, partly offset by an increase in the weighted average
54
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
interest rate, the ineffectiveness of our HVF swaps of $17.7 million in 2007 and the write off of $16.1 million of unamortized debt costs associated with a debt modification.
Adjusted Pre-Tax Income (Loss)
Adjusted pre-tax income for our car rental segment of $484.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 34.8% from $359.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to transaction day improvement and lower total expenses as a percentage of revenues. Adjusted pre-tax income for our equipment rental segment of $271.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 10.8% from $245.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to increased rental revenue volumes and lower total expenses as a percentage of revenues. Adjusted pre-tax loss for "Corporate and other" of $247.4 million decreased by 1.0% from a loss of $249.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The decrease was primarily due to an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses, partly offset by a decrease in interest expense.
Provision for Taxes on Income and Minority Interest
The provision for taxes on income of $107.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 54.3% from $69.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006, primarily due the increase in income before taxes and minority interest, partly offset by a lower estimated 2007 full year effective tax rate based upon the overall mix of earnings and the net change in valuation allowances of $8.1 million in the third quarter of 2007 relating to the realization of deferred tax assets in certain European countries. Based upon the factors noted above, the effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 decreased to 35.1% from 44.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The results of operations for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2007 included $5.7 million of out-of-period adjustments to the tax provision. These adjustments related primarily to the three-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2006, and if recorded, would have had a negative impact on the results of operations for these periods. See Note 5Taxes on Income.
Minority interest of $14.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased $2.1 million from $12.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to an increase in our majority-owned subsidiary Navigation Solutions LLC's net income in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Net Income
We had net income of $183.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2007, representing a $107.7 million increase from $76.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase in net income was primarily due to higher rental volume in our worldwide car and equipment rental operations, partly offset by higher fleet costs, as well as the net effect of other contributing factors noted above. The impact of changes in exchange rates on net income was mitigated by the fact that not only foreign revenues but also most foreign expenses were incurred in local currencies.
55
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Effects of the Acquisition
The following table summarizes the purchase accounting effects of the Acquisition on our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2007 |
2006 |
|||||
Depreciation and amortization of tangible and intangible assets: | |||||||
Other intangible assets | $ | 45.9 | $ | 45.9 | |||
Revenue earning equipment | 13.2 | 6.5 | |||||
Property and equipment | 5.9 | 8.0 | |||||
Accretion of revalued liabilities: | |||||||
Discount on debt | 5.3 | 6.5 | |||||
Workers' compensation and public liability and property damage | 4.0 | 4.0 | |||||
$ | 74.3 | $ | 70.9 | ||||
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2007, we had cash and equivalents of $397.3 million, a decrease of $277.3 million from December 31, 2006. As of September 30, 2007, we had $430.2 million of restricted cash to be used for the purchase of revenue earning vehicles and equipment under our like-kind exchange programs, the repayment of outstanding indebtedness under our fleet debt programs and to satisfy certain of our self-insurance regulatory reserve requirements.
Our domestic and foreign operations are funded by cash provided by operating activities and by extensive financing arrangements maintained by us in the United States, Europe, Puerto Rico, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and Brazil. Net cash provided by operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $2,213.1 million, an increase of $10.3 million from the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase was primarily due to a year-over-year increase in our accounts payable, depreciation of revenue earning equipment and net income, partly offset by a year-over-year increase in receivables and a decrease in accrued liabilities.
Our primary use of cash in investing activities is for the acquisition of revenue earning equipment, which consists of cars and equipment. Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $2,977.5 million, an increase of $136.4 million from the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase is primarily due to a decrease in proceeds from the disposal of revenue earning equipment and an increase in revenue earning equipment expenditures, partly offset by the year-over-year decrease in restricted cash. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, our expenditures for revenue earning equipment were $9,569.2 million, partially offset by proceeds from the disposal of such equipment of $6,574.0 million. These assets are purchased by us in accordance with the terms of programs negotiated with car and equipment manufacturers.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, our capital expenditures for property and non-revenue earning equipment were $144.1 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we experienced an increased level of net expenditures for revenue earning equipment and property and equipment compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2006. This increase was primarily due to a decrease in disposal proceeds and an increase in expenditures. For 2007, we expect the level of net expenditures for revenue earning equipment to be higher than 2006 and the level of expenditures for
56
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
property and non-revenue earning equipment to be similar to that of 2006. See "Capital Expenditures" below.
Our car rental and equipment rental operations are seasonal businesses with decreased levels of business in the winter months and heightened activity during the spring and summer. This is particularly true of our airport car rental operations and our equipment rental operations. To accommodate increased demand, we maintain a larger fleet by holding vehicles and equipment and purchasing additional fleet which increases our financing requirements in the second and third quarters of the year. These seasonal financing needs are funded by increasing the utilization of our bank credit facilities and the variable funding note portion of our U.S. Fleet Debt facilities. As business demand moderates during the winter, we reduce our fleet accordingly and dispose of vehicles and equipment. The disposal proceeds are used to reduce debt.
We are highly leveraged and a substantial portion of our liquidity needs arise from debt service on indebtedness incurred in connection with the Transactions and from the funding of our costs of operations, working capital and capital expenditures.
As of September 30, 2007, we had approximately $13,035.0 million of total indebtedness outstanding. Cash paid for interest during the nine months ended September 30, 2007, was $662.2 million, net of amounts capitalized.
We rely significantly on asset-backed financing to purchase cars for our domestic and international car rental fleets. For a discussion of risks related to our reliance on asset-backed financing to purchase cars, see "Part IIItem 1ARisk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessOur reliance on asset-backed financing to purchase cars subjects us to a number of risks, many of which are beyond our control" included elsewhere in this Report.
Also, substantially all of our revenue earning equipment and certain related assets are owned by special purpose entities, or are subject to liens in favor of the lenders under the Senior ABL Facility, the ABS Program, the International Fleet Debt facilities, the fleet financing facility relating to our car rental fleet in Hawaii, Kansas, Puerto Rico and St. Thomas, the U.S. Virgin Islands, our Brazilian Facility, our Belgian Revolving Credit Facility or our Canadian Fleet Financing Facility, all as described in more detail below. Substantially all of our other assets in the United States are also subject to liens in favor of our lenders under the Senior Credit Facilities, and substantially all of our other assets outside the United States are (with certain limited exceptions) subject to liens in favor of our lenders under the International Fleet Debt facilities or (in the case of our Canadian HERC business) the Senior ABL Facility. None of these assets will be available to satisfy the claims of our general creditors.
We believe that cash generated from operations, together with amounts available under the Senior Credit Facilities, asset-backed financing and other available financing arrangements will be adequate to permit us to meet our debt service obligations, ongoing costs of operations, working capital needs and capital expenditure requirements for the foreseeable future. Our future financial and operating performance, ability to service or refinance our debt and ability to comply with covenants and restrictions contained in our debt agreements will be subject to future economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
Financing
Our "Senior Term Facility" is a secured term loan facility entered into by Hertz in connection with the Acquisition consisting of (a) a maximum borrowing capacity of $2,000 million (which was decreased in February 2007 to $1,400 million), which included a delayed draw facility of $293 million (which was
57
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
utilized during 2006) and (b) a prefunded synthetic letter of credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $250 million.
Our "Senior ABL Facility" is a senior asset-based revolving loan facility entered into by Hertz and certain of its U.S. and of its Canadian subsidiaries in connection with the Acquisition with a maximum borrowing capacity of $1,600 million (which was increased in February 2007 to $1,800 million). Up to $200.0 million of the revolving loan facility is available for the issuance of letters of credit. We refer to the Senior Term Facility and the Senior ABL Facility together as the "Senior Credit Facilities."
Our "Senior Dollar Notes" are the $1,800 million aggregate principal amount of 8.875% Senior Notes due 2014 issued by Hertz in connection with the Acquisition. Our "Senior Euro Notes" are the €225 million aggregate principal amount of 7.875% Senior Notes due 2014 issued by Hertz in connection with the Acquisition. We refer to the Senior Dollar Notes and the Senior Euro Notes together as the "Senior Notes." Our "Senior Subordinated Notes" refer to the $600 million aggregate principal amount of 10.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016 issued by Hertz in connection with the Acquisition.
Our "Promissory Notes" consist of the outstanding untendered senior notes issued under three separate indentures existing prior to the Acquisition. These senior notes have maturities ranging from 2007 to 2028.
Our "U.S. Fleet Debt" consists of approximately $4,300 million of asset-backed securities issued on the Closing Date by Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, or "HVF," a special purpose entity wholly owned by us, backed by our U.S. car rental fleet, all of which we issued under our existing asset-backed notes program, or the "ABS Program." An additional $600 million of previously issued asset-backed medium term notes, or "Pre-Acquisition ABS Notes," having maturities from 2007 to 2009 remained outstanding under the ABS Program following the closing of the Transactions ($265 million of which have subsequently matured). We have also issued approximately $1,500 million of variable funding notes on the Closing Date in two series under these facilities, none of which were funded on the Closing Date.
Our "International Fleet Debt" consists of the aggregate borrowings of our foreign subsidiaries under asset-based revolving loan facilities entered into by Hertz International Ltd, or "HIL," a Delaware corporation organized as a foreign subsidiary holding company and a direct subsidiary of Hertz, and certain of its subsidiaries (all of which are organized outside the United States), together with certain bankruptcy-remote special purpose entities, subject to borrowing bases comprised of rental vehicles, rental equipment, and related assets of certain of our foreign subsidiaries (substantially all of which are organized outside of the United States) or one or more special purpose entities, as the case may be, and rental equipment and related assets of certain of our subsidiaries organized outside North America or one or more special purpose entities, as the case may be. The subsidiaries conducting the car rental business in certain European jurisdictions may, at their option, continue to engage in capital lease financings relating to revenue earning equipment outside the International Fleet Debt facilities. During 2007, additional borrowers have acceded to the senior bridge facility agreement under the International Fleet Debt facilities in connection with the expected take-out of the interim facilities entered into at the time of the Acquisition.
Our "Fleet Financing Facility" is a credit agreement entered into by Hertz and its subsidiary, Puerto Ricancars, Inc., or "PR Cars," in September 2006, which provides for a commitment of up to $275 million to finance the acquisition of Hertz's and/or PR Cars fleet in Hawaii, Kansas, Puerto Rico and St. Thomas, the U.S. Virgin Islands.
58
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Our "Brazilian Credit Facility" refers to the agreement dated April 4, 2007 amending and restating our Brazilian subsidiary's credit facility (which was originally included under the International Fleet Debt facilities) to, among other things, increase the facility to R$130 million (or $70.6 million, calculated using exchange rates in effect on September 30, 2007) consisting of a R$70 million (or $38.0 million) term loan facility and a R$60 million (or $32.6 million) revolving credit facility. This facility will mature on December 21, 2010.
Our "Canadian Fleet Financing Facility" refers to a Note Purchase Agreement entered into by our Canadian subsidiary, Hertz Canada Limited, and certain of its subsidiaries, on May 30, 2007, with CARE Trust, a special purpose commercial paper conduit administered by Bank of Montreal, and certain related agreements and transactions, in order to establish an asset-backed borrowing facility to provide financing for our Canadian rental car fleet. The new facility refinanced the Canadian portion of the International Fleet Debt facilities. The maximum amount which may be borrowed under the new facility is CAN$400 million (or $401.6 million). The Canadian Fleet Facility matures in May 2012.
Our "Belgian Revolving Credit Facility" consists of a revolving credit facility entered into by our Belgian subsidiary, Hertz Belgium BVBA on June 21, 2007, of up to €23.4 million (or $33.2 million) maturing in December 2010. This facility refinanced the Belgian portion of our International Fleet Debt facilities.
As of September 30, 2007, the aggregate principal amount of $335.0 million (net of $5.3 million discount) of Pre-Acquisition ABS Notes were outstanding and the average interest rate was 3.0%.
As of September 30, 2007, there were $35.9 million of capital lease financings outstanding. These capital lease financings are included in the International Fleet Debt total.
On January 12, 2007, Hertz completed exchange offers for its outstanding Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes whereby over 99% of the outstanding notes were exchanged for a like principal amount of new notes with identical terms that were registered under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-4.
On February 9, 2007, Hertz entered into an amendment to its Senior Term Facility. The amendment was entered into for the purpose of (i) lowering the interest rates payable on the Senior Term Facility by up to 50 basis points from the interest rates previously payable thereunder, and revising financial ratio requirements for specific interest rate levels; (ii) eliminating certain mandatory prepayment requirements; (iii) increasing the amounts of certain other types of indebtedness that Hertz and its subsidiaries may incur outside of the Senior Term Facility; (iv) permitting certain additional asset dispositions and sale and leaseback transactions; and (v) effecting certain technical and administrative changes to the Senior Term Facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an expense of $13.9 million, in our consolidated statement of operations, in "Interest, net of interest income," associated with the write off of debt costs in connection with the amendment of the Senior Term Facility. Additionally, in February 2007, we repaid a portion of the Senior Term Facility, bringing the maximum borrowing capacity down from $2,000 million to $1,400 million.
On February 15, 2007, Hertz, Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation and certain other subsidiaries entered into an amendment to its Senior ABL Facility. The amendment was entered into for the purpose of (i) lowering the interest rates payable on the Senior ABL Facility by up to 25 basis points from the interest rates previously payable thereunder, and revising financial ratio requirements for specific interest rate levels; (ii) increasing the availability under the Senior ABL Facility from $1,600 million to $1,800 million; (iii) extending the term of the commitments under the Senior ABL Facility to February 15, 2012; (iv) increasing the amounts of certain other types of indebtedness that the borrowers and their subsidiaries may incur outside of the Senior ABL Facility; (iv) permitting certain additional asset
59
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
dispositions and sale and leaseback transactions; and (v) effecting certain technical and administrative changes to the Senior ABL Facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an expense of $2.2 million, in our consolidated statement of operations, in "Interest, net of interest income," associated with the write off of debt costs in connection with the amendment of the Senior ABL Facility.
On March 21, 2007, certain of the agreements relating to the International Fleet Debt facilities were amended and restated for the purpose of, among other things, (i) extending the dates when margins on the facilities are scheduled to step up, subject to satisfaction of interim goals pertaining to the execution of agreements with automobile manufacturers and dealers that are required in connection with the planned securitization of the international car rental fleet and the take-out of the Tranche A1 and Tranche A2 loans; (ii) subject to certain conditions, permitting the financing of value-added tax receivables under the facilities; and (iii) effecting certain technical and administrative changes to the terms of the facilities. Additionally, the intercreditor deed pertaining to the International Fleet Debt facilities was amended to, among other things, remove the Brazilian facility.
On April 4, 2007, our Brazilian subsidiary entered into the Brazilian Credit Facility.
On May 23, 2007, the Senior ABL Facility and the Senior Term Facility were each amended to permit Hertz and its subsidiaries to guarantee obligations in respect to the deferred purchase price of vehicles and all other obligations arising under vehicle supply agreements entered into by Fleetco (Espana), S.L., an entity created to own the Spanish rental car fleet in connection with the pending securitization of the rental car fleets in a number of European countries and Australia. Due to Spanish law considerations, Fleetco (Espana), S.L. is an "orphan" entity which is an indirect subsidiary of a charitable trust. The Senior Credit Facilities generally permit Hertz and its subsidiaries to guarantee obligations of one another but not of unaffiliated entities, subject to certain exceptions.
On May 30, 2007, Hertz Canada Limited and certain of its subsidiaries, entered into the Canadian Fleet Financing Facility.
On June 21, 2007, Hertz Belgium BVBA entered into the Belgian Revolving Credit Facility.
On September 30, 2007, the Senior ABL Facility was amended to add Hertz Canada Equipment Rental Partnership, an Ontario General Partnership, as an additional Canadian Borrower. Hertz Canada Equipment Rental Partnership, whose partners are our wholly owned subsidiary, Matthews Equipment Limited, or "Matthews," and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Matthews, was formed in connection with a reorganization of Matthews and, as part of that reorganization, received title to most of the assets of Matthews.
On October 24, 2007, supplements to the ABS Indenture were amended to increase the maximum non-eligible vehicle amount from 65% to 85% of the adjusted aggregate asset amount, thus effectively increasing the amount of vehicles which are not subject to manufacturer repurchase programs that can be included in the borrowing base under our ABS Program.
60
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Guarantees and Security
Hertz's obligations under the Senior Term Facility and the Senior ABL Facility are guaranteed by Hertz Investors, Inc., its immediate parent, and most of its direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries (subject to certain exceptions, including for subsidiaries involved in the U.S. Fleet Debt facility and similar special purpose financings), though Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation does not guarantee Hertz's obligations under the Senior ABL Facility because it is a borrower under that facility. In addition, the obligations of the Canadian borrowers under the Senior ABL Facility are guaranteed by their respective subsidiaries, if any, subject to limited exceptions. The lenders under each of the Senior Term Facility and the Senior ABL Facility have received a security interest in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets of the borrowers and guarantors under those facilities, including pledges of the stock of certain of their respective subsidiaries, subject in each case to certain exceptions (including in respect of the U.S. Fleet Debt, the International Fleet Debt and, in the case of the Senior ABL Facility, other secured fleet financing). Consequently, these assets will not be available to satisfy the claims of Hertz's general creditors.
The obligations of the borrowers under the International Fleet Debt facilities are guaranteed by Hertz International, Ltd., or "HIL," and by the other borrowers and certain related entities under the applicable tranche, in each case subject to certain legal, tax, cost and other structuring considerations. The obligations and the guarantees of the obligations of the Tranche A borrowers under the Tranche A2 loans are subordinated to the obligations and the guarantees of the obligations of such borrowers under the Tranche A1 loans. Subject to legal, tax, cost and other structuring considerations and to certain exceptions, the International Fleet Debt facilities are secured by a material part of the assets of each borrower, certain related entities and each guarantor, including pledges of the capital stock of each borrower and certain related entities. The obligations of the Tranche A borrowers under the Tranche A2 loans and the guarantees thereof are secured on a junior second priority basis by any assets securing the obligations of the Tranche A borrowers under the Tranche A1 loans and the guarantees thereof. The assets that collateralize the International Fleet Debt facilities will not be available to satisfy the claims of Hertz's general creditors.
The obligations of each of the borrowers under the Fleet Financing Facility are guaranteed by each of Hertz's direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries (other than subsidiaries whose only material assets consist of securities and debt of foreign subsidiaries and related assets, subsidiaries involved in the ABS Program or other similar special purpose financings, subsidiaries with minority ownership positions, certain subsidiaries of foreign subsidiaries and certain immaterial subsidiaries). In addition, the obligations of PR Cars are guaranteed by Hertz. The obligations of Hertz under the Fleet Financing Facility and the other loan documents, including, without limitation, its guarantee of PR Cars' obligations under the Fleet Financing Facility, are secured by security interests in Hertz's rental car fleet in Hawaii and by certain assets related to Hertz's rental car fleet in Hawaii and Kansas, including, without limitation, manufacturer repurchase program agreements. PR Cars' obligations under the Fleet Financing Facility and the other loan documents are secured by security interests in PR Cars' rental car fleet in Puerto Rico and St. Thomas, the U.S. Virgin Islands and by certain assets related thereto.
In addition, Hertz has guaranteed the obligations of its Brazilian subsidiary under its loan agreement, as amended and restated as of April 4, 2007, up to an aggregate principal amount of $63.5 million. That guarantee is secured equally and ratably with borrowings under the Senior Term Facility.
The obligations of Hertz Belgium BVBA under the Belgian Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by HIL.
61
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Covenants
Certain of our debt instruments and credit facilities contain a number of covenants that, among other things, limit or restrict the ability of the borrowers and the guarantors to dispose of assets, incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, prepay other indebtedness, make dividends and other restricted payments, create liens, make investments, make acquisitions, engage in mergers, change the nature of their business, make capital expenditures, or engage in certain transactions with affiliates. Some of these agreements also require the maintenance of certain financial covenants. If we were not in compliance with all of such covenants and such covenants were not cured, a cross default or cross acceleration provision under the debt agreements would cause such debt to become immediately due and payable. As of September 30, 2007, we were in compliance with all of these financial covenants.
Derivatives
In connection with the Acquisition and the issuance of $3,550.0 million of floating rate U.S. Fleet Debt, HVF entered into certain interest rate swap agreements, or the "HVF Swaps," effective December 21, 2005, which qualify as cash flow hedging instruments in accordance with SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." These agreements mature at various terms, in connection with the scheduled maturity of the associated debt obligations, through November 25, 2010. Under these agreements, HVF pays monthly interest at a fixed rate of 4.5% per annum in exchange for monthly amounts at one-month LIBOR, effectively transforming the floating rate U.S. Fleet Debt to fixed rate obligations. HVF paid $44.8 million to reduce the fixed interest rate on the swap from the prevailing market rates to 4.5%. Ultimately, this amount will be recognized as additional interest expense over the remaining terms of the swaps, which range from approximately 1 to 3 years. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an expense of $17.7 million in our consolidated statement of operations, in "Interest, net of interest income," associated with the ineffectiveness of our HVF Swaps. The ineffectiveness resulted from a decline in the value of the swaps due to a decrease in forward interest rates along with a decrease in the time value component as we continue to approach the maturity dates of the swaps. As of September 30, 2007, the fair value of our HVF Swaps was $5.8 million, which is reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in "Prepaid expenses and other assets."
In May 2006, in connection with the forecasted issuance of the permanent take-out international asset-based facilities, HIL purchased two swaptions for €3.3 million, to protect itself from interest rate increases. These swaptions gave HIL the right, but not the obligation, to enter into three year interest rate swaps, based on a total notional amount of €600 million at an interest rate of 4.155%. The swaptions were renewed twice in 2007, prior to their scheduled expiration dates of March 15, 2007 and September 5, 2007, at a total cost of €2.7 million, and now expire on June 5, 2008. As of September 30, 2007, the fair value of the swaptions was €6.4 million (or $9.1 million), which is reflected in our condensed consolidated balance sheet in "Prepaid expenses and other assets." During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the fair value adjustment related to these swaptions was a loss of $6.9 million and a gain of $3.0 million, respectively, which was recorded in our consolidated statement of operations in "Selling, general and administrative" expenses.
Credit Facilities
As of September 30, 2007, the following credit facilities were available for the use of Hertz and its subsidiaries:
62
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
As of September 30, 2007, substantially all of our assets are pledged under one or more of the facilities noted above.
Other Factors
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Following the Acquisition
We have recognized a significant amount of goodwill and other intangible assets in connection with the Acquisition. We perform an impairment analysis with respect to our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets at least annually, or more frequently if changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the goodwill or other intangible assets may not be recoverable. If we identify an impairment in goodwill or other intangible assets we may be required to take a charge that could negatively impact our future earnings. We conducted the required annual goodwill and indefinite- lived intangible asset impairment review in the second quarter of 2007 and determined that there was no impairment. Subsequent to performing our annual impairment review with respect to our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets in the second quarter of 2007, we changed the date of these tests to be performed during the fourth quarter of 2007 based on financial information available through October 1, 2007. We believe this change in accounting principle is preferable because the new date more closely aligns with our annual budgeting process and allows for a better estimation of the future cash flows used in the discounted cash flow model we use to test for impairment. The change in accounting principle has no effect on our consolidated financial statements presented herein.
Foreign Currency
Provisions are not made for U.S. income taxes on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries that are intended to be indefinitely reinvested outside the United States or are expected to be remitted free of taxes. Foreign operations have been financed to a substantial extent through loans from local lending sources in the currency of the countries in which such operations are conducted. Car rental operations
63
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
in foreign countries are, from time to time, subject to governmental regulations imposing varying degrees of currency restrictions. Currency restrictions and other regulations historically have not had a material impact on our operations as a whole.
Capital Expenditures
The following table sets forth the revenue earning equipment and property and equipment capital expenditures and related disposal proceeds received by quarter for 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
|
Revenue Earning Equipment |
Property and Equipment |
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Capital Expenditures |
Disposal Proceeds |
Net Capital Expenditures (Disposal Proceeds) |
Capital Expenditures |
Disposal Proceeds |
Net Capital Expenditures |
||||||||||||||
2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | $ | 3,333.2 | $ | (2,243.2 | ) | $ | 1,090.0 | $ | 37.6 | $ | (9.4 | ) | $ | 28.2 | ||||||
Second Quarter | 3,817.6 | (2,061.9 | ) | 1,755.7 | 59.7 | (15.0 | ) | 44.7 | ||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 2,418.4 | (2,268.9 | ) | 149.5 | 46.8 | (24.1 | ) | 22.7 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 9,569.2 | $ | (6,574.0 | ) | $ | 2,995.2 | $ | 144.1 | $ | (48.5 | ) | $ | 95.6 | ||||||
2006 |
||||||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | $ | 3,862.1 | $ | (2,591.3 | ) | $ | 1,270.8 | $ | 64.7 | $ | (19.8 | ) | $ | 44.9 | ||||||
Second Quarter | 3,678.2 | (2,308.2 | ) | 1,370.0 | 65.9 | (8.7 | ) | 57.2 | ||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 1,814.5 | (2,099.0 | ) | (284.5 | ) | 50.5 | (19.3 | ) | 31.2 | |||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 2,066.1 | (2,556.5 | ) | (490.4 | ) | 42.8 | (16.3 | ) | 26.5 | |||||||||||
Total Year | $ | 11,420.9 | $ | (9,555.0 | ) | $ | 1,865.9 | $ | 223.9 | $ | (64.1 | ) | $ | 159.8 | ||||||
Revenue earning equipment expenditures in our car rental operations were $8,983.7 million and $8,563.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Revenue earning equipment expenditures in our equipment rental operations were $585.5 million and $791.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Revenue earning equipment expenditures in our car rental and equipment rental operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by 4.9% and decreased by 26.0%, respectively, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The increase in our car rental operations revenue earning equipment expenditures is primarily the result of higher rental volume during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The decrease in our equipment rental operations revenue earning equipment expenditures is primarily due to reduced spending on earth moving equipment as a result of slowing non-residential construction growth and our efforts to age our rental fleet during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Property and equipment expenditures in our car rental operations were $100.2 million and $131.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Property and equipment expenditures in our equipment rental operations were $42.2 million and $47.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Property and equipment expenditures in our "corporate and other" activities were $1.7 million and $2.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Property and equipment expenditures in our car rental and equipment rental operations and in "corporate and other" for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 decreased by 23.8%, 11.0% and 22.7%, respectively, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
64
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we experienced a level of net expenditures for revenue earning equipment and property and equipment higher than our net expenditures in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. This increase was primarily due to a decrease in disposal proceeds and an increase in expenditures.
Off-Balance Sheet Commitments
As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the following guarantees (including indemnification commitments) were issued and outstanding:
Indemnifications
In the ordinary course of business, we execute contracts involving indemnifications standard in the relevant industry and indemnifications specific to a transaction such as the sale of a business. These indemnifications might include claims relating to the following: environmental matters; intellectual property rights; governmental regulations and employment-related matters; customer, supplier and other commercial contractual relationships; and financial matters. Performance under these indemnities would generally be triggered by a breach of terms of the contract or by a third party claim. We regularly evaluate the probability of having to incur costs associated with these indemnifications and have accrued for expected losses that are probable and estimable. The types of indemnifications for which payments are possible include the following:
Sponsors; Directors
On the Closing Date, Hertz entered into customary indemnification agreements with Hertz Holdings, the Sponsors and Hertz Holdings' stockholders affiliated with the Sponsors, pursuant to which Hertz Holdings and Hertz will indemnify the Sponsors, Hertz Holdings' stockholders affiliated with the Sponsors and their respective affiliates, directors, officers, partners, members, employees, agents, representatives and controlling persons, against certain liabilities arising out of performance of a consulting agreement with Hertz Holdings and each of the Sponsors and certain other claims and liabilities, including liabilities arising out of financing arrangements or securities offerings. We also entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors in connection with the initial public offering of our common stock in November 2006. We do not believe that these indemnifications are reasonably likely to have a material impact on us.
Environmental
We have indemnified various parties for the costs associated with remediating numerous hazardous substance storage, recycling or disposal sites in many states and, in some instances, for natural resource damages. The amount of any such expenses or related natural resource damages for which we may be held responsible could be substantial. The probable losses that we expect to incur for such matters have been accrued, and those losses are reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the aggregate amounts accrued for environmental liabilities, including liability for environmental indemnities, reflected in our condensed consolidated balance sheet in "Accrued liabilities" were $2.7 million and $3.7 million, respectively. The accrual generally represents the estimated cost to study potential environmental issues at sites deemed to require investigation or clean-up activities, and the estimated cost to implement remediation actions, including on-going maintenance, as required. Cost estimates are developed by site. Initial cost estimates are based on historical experience at similar sites and are refined over time on the basis of
65
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
in-depth studies of the sites. For many sites, the remediation costs and other damages for which we ultimately may be responsible cannot be reasonably estimated because of uncertainties with respect to factors such as our connection to the site, the materials there, the involvement of other potentially responsible parties, the application of laws and other standards or regulations, site conditions, and the nature and scope of investigations, studies, and remediation to be undertaken (including the technologies to be required and the extent, duration, and success of remediation).
Risk Management
For a discussion of additional risks arising from our operations, including vehicle liability, general liability and property damage insurable risks, see "Item 1BusinessRisk Management" in our Form 10-K.
Market Risks
We are exposed to a variety of market risks, including the effects of changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We manage our exposure to these market risks through our regular operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. Derivative financial instruments are viewed as risk management tools and historically have not been used for speculative or trading purposes. In addition, derivative financial instruments are entered into with a diversified group of major financial institutions in order to manage our exposure to counterparty nonperformance on such instruments. For more information on these exposures see Note 13 to the Notes to our audited annual consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K.
Interest Rate Risk
In connection with the Acquisition and the issuance of $3,550.0 million of floating rate U.S. Fleet Debt, HVF and Hertz entered into certain interest rate swap agreements, or the "HVF Swaps," effective December 21, 2005. These agreements mature at various terms, in connection with the scheduled maturity of the associated debt obligations, through November 25, 2010. Under these agreements, HVF pays monthly interest at a fixed rate of 4.5% per annum in exchange for monthly amounts at one-month LIBOR, effectively transforming the floating rate U.S. Fleet Debt to fixed rate obligations.
In connection with the remaining €7.6 million untendered balance of our Euro-denominated medium term notes, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement on December 21, 2005, effective January 16, 2006 and maturing on July 16, 2007. The purpose of this interest rate swap was to lock in the interest cash outflows at a fixed rate of 4.1% on the variable rate Euro-denominated medium term notes. On June 30, 2007, the remaining notes outstanding and related interest rate swap agreements pursuant to the Euro-denominated medium term notes program were repaid in full and expired, respectively.
In May 2006, in connection with the forecasted issuance of the permanent take-out international asset-based facilities, HIL purchased two swaptions for €3.3 million, to protect itself from interest rate increases. These swaptions gave HIL the right, but not the obligation, to enter into three year interest rate swaps based on a total notional amount of €600 million at an interest rate of 4.155%. The swaptions were renewed twice in 2007, prior to their scheduled expiration dates of March 15, 2007 and September 5, 2007, and now expire on June 5, 2008.
See Note 7 to the Notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report and Notes 3, 13 and 16 to the Notes to our audited annual consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K.
66
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
We have a significant amount of debt (including under our U.S. and International Fleet Debt facilities, the Belgian Revolving Credit Facility, the Brazilian Credit Facility, the Canadian Fleet Financing Facility, the Senior ABL Facility and Senior Term Facility) with variable rates of interest based generally on LIBOR, EURIBOR or their equivalents for local currencies plus an applicable margin. Increases in interest rates could therefore significantly increase the associated interest payments that we are required to make on this debt.
We have assessed our exposure to changes in interest rates by analyzing the sensitivity to our earnings assuming various changes in market interest rates. Assuming a hypothetical increase of one percentage point in interest rates on our debt portfolio as of September 30, 2007, our net income would decrease by an estimated $18.4 million over a twelve-month period.
Consistent with the terms of the agreements governing the respective debt obligations, we may hedge a portion of the floating rate interest exposure under the Senior Credit Facilities and the U.S. and International Fleet Debt facilities to provide protection in respect of such exposure.
Foreign Currency Risk
We manage our foreign currency risk primarily by incurring, to the extent practicable, operating and financing expenses in the local currency in the countries in which we operate, including making fleet and equipment purchases and borrowing for working capital needs. Also, we have purchased foreign exchange options to manage exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates for selected marketing programs. The effect of exchange rate changes on these financial instruments would not materially affect our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Our risks with respect to currency option contracts are limited to the premium paid for the right to exercise the option and the future performance of the option's counterparty. Premiums paid for options outstanding as of September 30, 2007 were approximately $0.5 million and we limit counterparties to financial institutions that have strong credit ratings.
We also manage exposure to fluctuations in currency risk on intercompany loans we make to certain of our subsidiaries by entering into foreign currency forward contracts at the time of the loans. The forward rate is reflected in the intercompany loan rate to the subsidiaries, and as a result, the forward contracts have no material impact on our results of operations.
In connection with the Transactions, we issued €225 million of unhedged Senior Euro Notes. Prior to October 1, 2006, our Senior Euro Notes were not designated as a net investment hedge of our Euro-denominated net investments in our foreign operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, we incurred unrealized exchange transaction gain of $2.3 million and unrealized exchange transaction loss of $19.2 million, respectively, resulting from the translation of these Euro-denominated notes into the U.S. dollar, which are recorded in our consolidated statement of operations in "Selling, general and administrative" expenses. On October 1, 2006, we designated our Senior Euro Notes as an effective net investment hedge of our Euro-denominated net investment in our foreign operations. As a result of this net investment hedge designation, as of September 30, 2007, $20.6 million of losses, which are net of taxes of $13.5 million, attributable to the translation of our Senior Euro Notes into the U.S. dollar, are recorded in our condensed consolidated balance sheet in "Accumulated other comprehensive income."
67
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Inflation
The increased acquisition cost of vehicles is the primary inflationary factor affecting us. Many of our other operating expenses are also expected to increase with inflation, including health care costs. Management does not expect that the effect of inflation on our overall operating costs will be greater for us than for our competitors.
Like-Kind Exchange Program
In January 2006, we implemented a like-kind exchange program for our U.S. car rental business. Pursuant to the program, we dispose of vehicles and acquire replacement vehicles in a form intended to allow such dispositions and replacements to qualify as tax-deferred "like-kind exchanges" pursuant to section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code. The program has resulted in a material deferral of federal and state income taxes for fiscal 2006 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. A like-kind exchange program for HERC has been in place for several years. We cannot, however, offer assurance that the expected tax deferral will be achieved or that the relevant law concerning the programs will remain in its current form. In addition, the benefit of deferral is subject to recapture, if, for example, there were a material downsizing of our fleet.
Employee Retirement Benefits
Pension
We sponsor defined benefit pension plans worldwide. Pension obligations give rise to significant expenses that are dependent on assumptions discussed in Note 5 of the Notes to our consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K. Based on present assumptions, 2007 worldwide pre-tax pension expense is expected to be approximately $36.0 million, which is an increase of $0.4 million from 2006. The increase in expense compared to 2006 and the settlement charges recognized in the first and third quarters of 2007 have been largely offset by a curtailment gain of $5.1 million recognized in the second quarter of 2007. To the extent that there are layoffs affecting a significant number of employees covered by any pension plan worldwide, 2007 expense could vary significantly because of further charges or credits.
We review our pension assumptions regularly and from time to time make contributions beyond those legally required. For example, no discretionary contributions were made to our U.S. qualified plan in the year ended December 31, 2006 and a $28.0 million discretionary contribution was made to our U.S. qualified plan for the year ended December 31, 2005. After giving effect to these contributions, based on current interest rates and on our return assumptions and assuming no additional contributions, we do not expect to be required to pay any variable-rate premiums to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation before 2010. For the year ended December 31, 2006, we contributed $28.8 million to our worldwide pension plans, including a discretionary contribution of $15.6 million to our U.K. defined benefit pension plan and benefit payments made through unfunded plans. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we contributed $24.9 million to our funded worldwide pension plans, including benefit payments made through unfunded plans.
We participate in various "multiemployer" pension plans administrated by labor unions representing some of our employees. We make periodic contributions to these plans to allow them to meet their pension benefit obligations to their participants. In the event that we withdraw from participation in one of these plans, then applicable law could require us to make an additional lump-sum contribution to the plan, and we would have to reflect that as an expense in our consolidated statement of operations and as
68
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
a liability on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our withdrawal liability for any multiemployer plan would depend on the extent of the plan's funding of vested benefits. In the ordinary course of our renegotiation of collective bargaining agreements with labor unions that maintain these plans, we may decide to discontinue participation in a plan, and in that event we could face a withdrawal liability. Some multiemployer plans, including one in which we participate, are reported to have significant underfunded liabilities. Such underfunding could increase the size of our potential withdrawal liability.
Other Postretirement Benefits
We provide limited postretirement health care and life insurance for employees of our domestic operations with hire dates prior to January 1, 1990. There are no plan assets associated with this plan. We provide for these postretirement costs through monthly accruals. The net periodic postretirement benefit cost for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $1.1 million and the accumulated benefit obligation as of December 31, 2006 was $16.6 million compared to a net periodic postretirement benefit cost of $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2005 and an accumulated benefit obligation of $18.2 million as of December 31, 2005. The decrease in the accumulated benefit obligation was primarily attributable to the increase in the discount rate from 5.5% as of December 31, 2005 to 5.7% as of December 31, 2006.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 to the Notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report.
Other Financial Information
The interim financial information included in this Report has not been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, or "PwC." In reviewing this interim financial information, PwC has applied limited procedures in accordance with professional standards for reviews of interim financial information. Accordingly, reliance on their reports on this information should be restricted. PwC is not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 for its reports on the interim financial information because their reports do not constitute "reports" or "parts" of registration statements prepared or certified by PwC within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Securities Act of 1933.
69
ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There is no material change in the information reported under "Part II, Item 7AQuantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. See "Item 2Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsMarket Risks."
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in company reports filed under the Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
An evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures was performed under the supervision of, and with the participation of, management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
An evaluation of our internal controls over financial reporting was performed under the supervision of, and with the participation of, management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to determine whether any changes have occurred during the period covered by this Report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that no changes in our internal control over financial reporting have occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2007 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
70
The following describes new legal proceedings which were not described in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006:
On May 3, 2007, Fun Services of Kansas City, Inc., individually and as the representative of a class of similarly-situated persons, v. Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation was commenced in the District Court of Wyandotte County, Kansas. Fun Services purports to be a class action on behalf of all persons in Kansas and throughout the United States who on or after four years prior to the filing of the action were sent facsimile messages of advertising materials relating to the availability of property, goods or services by HERC and who did not provide express permission for sending such faxes. The plaintiff asserts violations of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. Section 227, and common law conversion and the plaintiff is seeking damages and costs of suit. In June 2007, we removed this action to the United States District Court for the District of Kansas.
On September 25, 2007, we filed a second lawsuit, also captioned The Hertz Corporation and TSD Rental LLC v. Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company and The Crawford Group, Inc. in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. In this second lawsuitthe patent actionwe seek a declaratory judgment that a newly issued patent to The Crawford Group, Inc. is not infringed by Hertz and is invalid and unenforceable. On October 9, 2007, we filed an amended complaint in the similarly captioned lawsuit that had been filed in February of 2007the antitrust actionand we also filed a motion to consolidate the antitrust action and the patent action. In November 2007, the court granted our motion to consolidate the two actions.
The following recent developments pertaining to legal proceedings described in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 are furnished on a supplemental basis:
On July 24, 2007, the court granted our motion to dismiss in Marlena Guerra, Individually and on behalf of all other similarly situated persons, v. The Hertz Corporation and ordered the plaintiff's complaint be dismissed with prejudice.
In August 2007, we filed a motion for summary judgment in Keith Kochner, individually and on behalf of all similarly situated persons, v. The Hertz Corporation.
In September 2007, the court denied our motion to dismiss in Janet Sobel, Daniel Dugan, PhD. and Lydia Lee, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. The Hertz Corporation and Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company. We thereafter filed a motion for certification seeking to have the interpretation of Nevada Revised Statutes Section 482.31575 certified to the Nevada Supreme Court or, in the alternative, to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. In October 2007, we answered the complaint.
In The Hertz Corporation and TSD Rental LLC v. Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company and The Crawford Group, Inc., Enterprise and Crawford filed a motion to dismiss in April 2007 and Hertz and TSD filed opposition papers in May 2007.
Aside from the above mentioned, there were no material changes in the legal proceedings described in our Form 10-K and we are not otherwise required to disclose any pending legal proceedings in response to Item 103 of Regulation S-K.
71
Our business is subject to a number of important risks and uncertainties, some of which are described below. The risks described below, however, are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also impair our business operations. Any of these risks may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Risks Related to Our Business
An economic downturn could result in a decline in business and leisure travel and non-residential capital investment, which could harm our business.
Our results of operations are affected by many economic factors, including the level of economic activity in the markets in which we operate. A decline in economic activity either in the United States or in international markets may have a material adverse effect on our business. In the car rental business, a decline in economic activity typically results in a decline in both business and leisure travel and, accordingly, a decline in the volume of car rental transactions. In the equipment rental business, a decline in economic activity typically results in a decline in activity in non-residential construction and other businesses in which our equipment rental customers operate and, therefore, results in a decline in the volume of equipment rental transactions. In the case of a decline in car or equipment rental activity, we may reduce rental rates to meet competitive pressures, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. A decline in economic activity also may have a material adverse effect on residual values realized on the disposition of our revenue earning cars and/or equipment.
We face intense competition that may lead to downward pricing, or an inability to increase prices, which could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive. See "Item 1BusinessWorldwide Car RentalCompetition" and "Item 1BusinessEquipment RentalCompetition" included in our Form 10-K. We believe that price is one of the primary competitive factors in the car and equipment rental markets. Our competitors, some of whom may have access to substantial capital, may seek to compete aggressively on the basis of pricing. To the extent that we match competitors' downward pricing, it could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. To the extent that we do not match or remain within a reasonable competitive distance from our competitors' pricing, it could also have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, as we may lose rental volume. The Internet has increased pricing transparency among car rental companies by enabling cost-conscious customers, including business travelers, to more easily obtain the lowest rates available from car rental companies for any given trip. This transparency may increase the prevalence and intensity of price competition in the future.
Our car rental business is dependent on the air travel industry, and disruptions in air travel patterns could harm our business.
We estimate that approximately 69% of our worldwide car rental revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 were generated at our airport rental locations. Significant capacity reductions or airfare increases (e.g., due to an increase in fuel costs) could result in reduced air travel and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, any event that disrupts or reduces business or leisure air travel could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In particular, deterioration in the economic condition of U.S. and international airlines could exacerbate reductions in air travel. Other events that impact air travel could include work stoppages, military conflicts, terrorist incidents, natural disasters, epidemic diseases, or the response of governments to any of these events. For example, shortly before the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, we estimated that
72
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
we would earn a pre-tax profit of approximately $250 million in 2001; by contrast, our actual pre-tax profit for 2001 was only approximately $3 million, and we continued to feel the adverse effects of the attacks well into the following year. On a smaller scale, the 2003 outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or "SARS," in the Toronto, Canada area and parts of Asia, significantly reduced our 2003 results of operations in Canada.
Our business is highly seasonal, and a disruption in rental activity during our peak season could materially adversely affect our results of operations.
Certain significant components of our expenses, including real estate taxes, rent, utilities, maintenance and other facility-related expenses, the costs of operating our information systems and minimum staffing costs, are fixed in the short-run. Seasonal changes in our revenues do not alter those fixed expenses, typically resulting in higher profitability in periods when our revenues are higher and lower profitability in periods when our revenues are lower. The second and third quarters of the year have historically been our strongest quarters due to their increased levels of leisure travel and construction activity. In 2006, the second and third quarters accounted for approximately 25% and 28% of total revenues and 29% and 82% of income before income taxes and minority interest, respectively. Any occurrence that disrupts rental activity during the second or third quarters could have a disproportionately material adverse effect on our liquidity and/or results of operations. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital Resources" included elsewhere in this Report.
We may not be successful in our business strategy to expand into the off-airport rental market, including marketing to replacement renters and insurance companies that reimburse or pay for such rentals.
We have been increasing our presence in the off-airport car rental market in the United States. We intend to pursue profitable growth opportunities in the off-airport market. We expect to do this through a combination of selected new location openings, a disciplined evaluation of existing locations and the pursuit of same-store sales growth. In order to increase revenues at our existing and any new off-airport locations, we will need to successfully market to insurance companies and other companies that provide rental referrals to those needing cars while their vehicles are being repaired or are temporarily unavailable for other reasons, as well as to the renters themselves. This could involve a significant number of additional off-airport locations or strategic changes with respect to our existing locations. We incur minimal non-fleet costs in opening our new off-airport locations, but new off-airport locations, once opened, take time to generate their full potential revenues. As a result, revenues at new locations do not initially cover their start-up costs and often do not, for some time, cover the costs of their ongoing operation. See "Item 1BusinessWorldwide Car RentalOperations" included in our 10-K. The results of this strategy and the success of our implementation of this strategy will not be fully known for a number of years. If we are unable to grow profitably in our off-airport network, properly react to changes in market conditions or successfully market to replacement renters and the insurance companies covering the cost of their rentals, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
We face risks of increased costs of cars and of decreased profitability, including as a result of limited supplies of competitively priced cars.
We believe we are one of the largest private sector purchasers of new cars in the world for our rental fleet, and during the twelve months ended September 30, 2007, our approximate average holding period for a rental car was eleven months in the United States and nine months in our international car rental
73
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
operations. In recent years, the average cost of new cars has increased. In the United States, 2007 model year program vehicle depreciation costs rose approximately 15% and per-car depreciation costs for 2007 model year U.S. risk cars declined. As a consequence of those changes in per-car costs, as well as the larger proportion of our U.S. fleet we have purchased as risk cars and other actions we have taken to mitigate program car cost increases, our net per-car depreciation costs for 2007 model year cars in the United States have increased by less than 3% from our net per-car depreciation costs for 2006 model year U.S. cars. We expect 2008 model year vehicle depreciation costs in the United States to increase 3% to 5%. We may not be able to offset these car cost increases to a degree sufficient to maintain our profitability.
Historically, we have purchased more of the cars we rent from Ford than from any other automobile manufacturer. Over the five years ended December 31, 2006, approximately 47% of the cars acquired by us for our U.S. car rental fleet, and approximately 32% of the cars acquired by us for our international fleet, were manufactured by Ford and its subsidiaries, which represented the largest percentage of any automobile manufacturer during that period. During the twelve months ended September 30, 2007, approximately 23% of the cars acquired by us domestically were manufactured by Ford and its subsidiaries and approximately 26% of the cars acquired by us for our international fleet were manufactured by Ford and its subsidiaries. Under our Master Supply and Advertising Agreement with Ford, Ford has agreed to develop fleet offerings in the United States that are generally competitive with terms and conditions of similar offerings by other automobile manufacturers. The Master Supply and Advertising Agreement expires in 2010. See Note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report. We cannot assure you that we will be able to extend the Master Supply and Advertising Agreement beyond its current term or enter into similar agreements at reasonable terms. In the future, we expect to buy a smaller proportion of our car rental fleet from Ford than we have in the past. If Ford does not offer us competitive terms and conditions, and we are not able to purchase sufficient quantities of cars from other automobile manufacturers on competitive terms and conditions, then we may be forced to purchase cars at higher prices, or on terms less competitive, than for cars purchased by our competitors. Historically, we have also purchased a significant percentage of our car rental fleet from General Motors Corporation, or "General Motors." Over the five years ended December 31, 2006, approximately 19% of the cars acquired by us for our U.S. car rental fleet, and approximately 15% of the cars acquired by us for our international fleet, were manufactured by General Motors. During the twelve months ended September 30, 2007, approximately 30% of the cars acquired by our U.S. car rental fleet, and approximately 15% of the cars acquired by us for our international fleet, were manufactured by General Motors.
To date we have not entered into any long-term car supply arrangements with manufacturers other than Ford. In addition, certain car manufacturers, including Ford, have adopted strategies to de-emphasize sales to the car rental industry which they view as less profitable due to historical sales incentive and other discount programs that tended to lower the average cost of cars for fleet purchasers such as us. Reduced or limited supplies of equipment together with increased prices are risks that we also face in our equipment rental business. We cannot offer assurance that we will be able to pass on increased costs of cars or equipment to our rental customers. Failure to pass on significant cost increases to our customers would have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
We face risks related to decreased acquisition or disposition of cars through repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs.
For the twelve months ended September 30, 2007, approximately 52% of the cars purchased in our combined U.S. and international car rental fleet were subject to repurchase by car manufacturers under contractual repurchase or guaranteed depreciation programs. Under these programs, car
74
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
manufacturers agree to repurchase cars at a specified price or guarantee the depreciation rate on the cars during a specified time period, typically subject to certain car condition and mileage requirements. These repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs limit the risk to us that the market value of a car at the time of its disposition will be less than its estimated residual value at such time. We refer to this risk as "residual risk." For this reason, cars purchased by car rental companies under repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs are sometimes referred to by industry participants as "program" cars. Conversely, those cars not purchased under repurchase or guaranteed depreciation programs for which the car rental company is exposed to residual risk are sometimes referred to as "risk" cars.
Repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs enable us to determine our depreciation expense in advance. This predictability is useful to us, since depreciation is a significant cost factor in our operations. Repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs are also useful in managing our seasonal peak demand for fleet, because some of them permit us to acquire cars and dispose of them after relatively short periods of time. A trade-off we face when we purchase program cars is that we typically pay the manufacturer of a program car more than we would pay to buy the same car as a risk car. Program cars thus involve a larger initial investment than their risk counterparts. If a program car is damaged or otherwise becomes ineligible for return or sale under the relevant program, our loss upon the disposition of the car will be larger than if the car had been a risk car, because our initial investment in the car was larger.
The percentage of our car rental fleet subject to repurchase or guaranteed depreciation programs has substantially decreased due primarily to changes in the terms offered by automobile manufacturers under repurchase programs. Accordingly, we are now bearing increased risk relating to the residual market value and the related depreciation on our car rental fleet and must use different rotational techniques to accommodate our seasonal peak demand for cars.
Repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs generally provide us with flexibility to reduce the size of our fleet by returning cars sooner than originally expected without risk of loss in the event of an economic downturn or to respond to changes in rental demand. This flexibility has been reduced as the percentage of program cars in our car rental fleet has decreased materially. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsOverview" included elsewhere in this Report.
In the future, car manufacturers could modify or eliminate their repurchase or guaranteed depreciation programs or change their return policies (which include condition, mileage and holding period requirements for returned cars) from one program year to another to make it disadvantageous to acquire certain cars. Any such modification or elimination would increase our exposure to the risks described in the preceding paragraphs. In addition, because we obtain a portion of our financing in reliance on repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs, the modification or elimination of those programs, or the associated return policies, by manufacturers or significant adverse changes in the financial condition of manufacturers could make some vehicle-related debt financing more difficult to obtain on reasonable terms. See "Our reliance on asset-backed financing to purchase cars subjects us to a number of risks, many of which are beyond our control."
We could be harmed by a decline in the results of operations or financial condition of the manufacturers of our cars, particularly if they are unable, or reject their obligations, to repurchase program cars from us or to guarantee the depreciation of program cars.
In the past several years, Ford and General Motors, which are the principal suppliers of cars to us on both a program and risk basis, have experienced deterioration in their operating results and significant declines in their credit ratings. A severe or persistent decline in the results of operations or financial
75
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
condition of a manufacturer of cars that we own could reduce the cars' residual values, particularly to the extent that the manufacturer unexpectedly announced the eventual elimination of its models or nameplates or ceased manufacturing them altogether. Such a reduction could cause us to sustain a loss on the ultimate sale of risk cars, on which we bear the risk of such declines in residual value, or require us to depreciate those cars on a more rapid basis while we own them.
In addition, if a decline in results or conditions were so severe as to cause a manufacturer to default on an obligation to repurchase or guarantee the depreciation of program cars we own, or to cause a manufacturer to commence bankruptcy reorganization proceedings, and reject its repurchase or guaranteed depreciation obligations, we would have to dispose of those program cars without the benefits of the associated programs. This could significantly increase our expenses. In addition, disposing of program cars following a manufacturer default or rejection of the program in bankruptcy could result in losses similar to those associated with the disposition of cars that have become ineligible for return or sale under the applicable program. Such losses could be material if a large number of program cars were affected. For example, we estimate that if Ford Motor Company, but not its subsidiaries, were to file for bankruptcy reorganization and reject all its commitments to repurchase program cars from us, we would sustain material losses, which could be as high as over $200 million, upon disposition of those cars. A reduction in the number of program cars that we buy would reduce the magnitude of this exposure, but it would simultaneously increase our exposure to residual value risk. See "We face risks related to decreased acquisition or disposition of cars through repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs."
Any default or reorganization of a manufacturer that has sold us program cars might also leave us with a substantial unpaid claim against the manufacturer with respect to program cars that were sold and returned to the car manufacturer but not paid for, or that were sold for less than their agreed repurchase price or guaranteed value. For the twelve months ended September 30, 2007, outstanding month-end receivables for cars sold to manufacturers were as much as $805 million, with the highest amount for a single manufacturer being $204 million owed by Ford. A decline in the economic and business prospects of car manufacturers, including any economic distress impacting the suppliers of car components to manufacturers, could also cause manufacturers to raise the prices we pay for cars or reduce their supply to us. In addition, events negatively affecting the car manufacturers could affect how much we may borrow under our asset-backed financing. See "Our reliance on asset-backed financing to purchase cars subjects us to a number of risks, many of which are beyond our control."
We may not be successful in implementing our strategy of reducing operating costs and our cost reduction initiatives may have other adverse consequences.
We are implementing initiatives to reduce our operating expenses. These initiatives include headcount reductions, business process outsourcing, business process re-engineering and internal reorganization, as well as other expense controls. We cannot assure you that we will be able to implement our cost reduction initiatives successfully, or at all. In the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we incurred $65.4 million of costs relating to our cost reduction initiatives, and we anticipate incurring further expenses throughout the year, some of which may be material in the period in which they are incurred.
Even if we are successful in our cost reduction initiatives, we may face other risks associated with our plans, including declines in employee morale, the level of customer service we provide, the efficiency of our operations or the effectiveness of our internal controls. In addition, investors or securities analysts who cover the common stock of Hertz Holdings may not agree with us that these changes are beneficial,
76
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
and our stock price may decline as a result. Any of these risks could materialize and therefore may have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Our business process outsourcing initiatives may increase our reliance on third-party contractors and expose our business to harm upon the termination or disruption of our third-party contractor relationships.
Our strategy to increase profitability by reducing our costs of operations includes the implementation of business process outsourcing initiatives. As a result, our future operations may increasingly rely on third-party outsourcing contractors to provide services that we currently perform internally. Any disruption, termination, or substandard provision of these outsourced services could adversely affect our brand, customer relationships, operating results and financial condition. Also, if a third-party outsourcing contractor relationship is terminated, there is a risk that we may not be able to enter into a similar agreement with an alternate provider in a timely manner or on terms that we consider favorable. In addition, in the event a third-party outsourcing relationship is terminated and we are unavailable to replace it, there is also a risk that we may no longer have the capabilities to perform these services internally.
Our reliance on asset-backed financing to purchase cars subjects us to a number of risks, many of which are beyond our control.
We rely significantly on asset-backed financing to purchase cars for our domestic and international car rental fleets. In connection with the Acquisition, a bankruptcy remote special purpose entity wholly owned by us issued approximately $4,300 million of new debt (plus an additional $1,500 million in the form of variable funding notes issued but not funded at the closing of the Acquisition) backed by our U.S. car rental fleet under our ABS program. In addition, we issued $600 million of medium term notes backed by our U.S. car rental fleet, or the "pre-Acquisition ABS Notes," prior to the Acquisition, which remained outstanding following the Acquisition. As part of the Acquisition, various of our non-U.S. subsidiaries and certain special purpose entities issued approximately $1,781 million of debt under our International Fleet Debt, which are secured by rental vehicles and related assets of certain of our subsidiaries (all of which are organized outside the United States) or by rental equipment and related assets of certain of our subsidiaries organized outside North America, as well as (subject to certain limited exceptions) substantially all our other assets outside North America. The asset-backed debt issued in connection with the Transactions has expected final payment dates ranging from 2008 to 2010 and the pre-Acquisition ABS Notes have expected final payment dates ranging from 2008 to 2009. Based upon these repayment dates, this debt will need to be refinanced within the next three years. Recent turmoil in the credit markets has reduced the availability of debt financing. Consequently, if our access to asset-backed financing were reduced or were to become significantly more expensive for any reason, including as a result a deterioration in the markets for asset- backed securities, we cannot assure you that we would be able to refinance or replace our existing asset- backed financing or continue to finance new car acquisitions through asset-backed financing on favorable terms, or at all.
Our asset-backed financing capacity could be decreased, or financing costs and interest rates could be increased, as a result of risks and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control, including, without limitation:
77
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
Any disruption in our ability to refinance or replace our existing asset-backed financing or to continue to finance new car acquisitions through asset-backed financing, or any negative development in the terms of the asset-backed financing available to us, could cause our cost of financing to increase significantly and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. The assets that collateralize our asset-backed financing will not be available to satisfy the claims of our general creditors.
The terms of our Senior Credit Facilities permit us to finance or refinance new car acquisitions through other means, including secured financing that is not limited to the assets of special purpose entity subsidiaries. We may seek in the future to finance or refinance new car acquisitions, including cars excluded from the ABS Program, through such other means. No assurances can be given, however, as to whether such financing will be available, or as to whether the terms of such financing will be comparable to the debt issued under the ABS Program.
Most of our asset-backed debt outside the United States was issued under an interim facility which provided for increased margins if the debt was not refinanced by March 21, 2007. We are in the process of negotiating new financing facilities to enable us to refinance this debt. However, we cannot assure you that these efforts will be successful or, if they are successful, that the new facilities will enable us to finance our operations at rates which are as favorable to us as those of the existing facility. On March 21, 2007, the existing facility was amended and restated to, among other things, modify the provisions which provide for increased margins. The effect of these changes has been to reduce or eliminate the adverse consequences of these provisions to us for an interim period that will end on December 21, 2007 in order to give us additional time to refinance the interim facility. As a result of the changes, there was no increase in margins on March 21, 2007. We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance the interim facility on acceptance terms, if at all.
Fluctuations in fuel costs or reduced supplies could harm our business.
We could be adversely affected by limitations on fuel supplies, the imposition of mandatory allocations or rationing of fuel or significant increases in fuel prices. A severe or protracted disruption of fuel supplies
78
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
or significant increases in fuel prices could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations, either by directly interfering with our normal activities or by disrupting the air travel on which a significant portion of our car rental business relies. See "Our car rental business is dependent on the air travel industry, and disruptions in air travel patterns could harm our business."
Manufacturer safety recalls could create risks to our business.
Our cars may be subject to safety recalls by their manufacturers. Under certain circumstances, the recalls may cause us to attempt to retrieve cars from renters or to decline to re-rent returned cars until we can arrange for the steps described in the recalls to be taken. If a large number of cars are the subject of simultaneous recalls, or if needed replacement parts are not in adequate supply, we may not be able to re-rent recalled cars for a significant period of time. We could also face liability claims if recalls affect cars that we have already sold. Depending on the severity of the recall, it could materially adversely affect our revenues, create customer service problems, reduce the residual value of the cars involved and harm our general reputation.
We face risks arising from our heavy reliance on communications networks and centralized information systems.
We rely heavily on information systems to accept reservations, process rental and sales transactions, manage our fleets of cars and equipment, account for our activities and otherwise conduct our business. We have centralized our information systems in two redundant facilities in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and we rely on communications service providers to link our systems with the business locations these systems serve. A simultaneous loss of both facilities, or a major disruption of communications between the systems and the locations they serve, could cause a loss of reservations, interfere with our ability to manage our fleet, slow rental and sales processes and otherwise materially adversely affect our ability to manage our business effectively. If we outsource key business processes in the future, the outsourcing service providers may concentrate their activities on our behalf at a small number of locations, entailing similar, or potentially even greater, risks. Our systems back-up plans, business continuity plans and insurance programs are designed to mitigate such a risk, not to eliminate it. In addition, because our systems contain information about millions of individuals and businesses, our failure to maintain the security of the data we hold, whether the result of our own error or the malfeasance or errors of others, could harm our reputation or give rise to legal liabilities leading to lower revenues, increased costs and other material adverse effects on our results of operations.
The concentration of our reservations, accounting and information technology functions at a limited number of facilities in Oklahoma, Alabama and Ireland creates risks for us.
We have concentrated our reservations functions for the United States in two facilities, one in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and one in Saraland (Mobile County), Alabama, and we have concentrated our accounting functions for the United States in two facilities in Oklahoma City. Similarly, we have concentrated reservations and accounting functions for our European operations in a single facility near Dublin, Ireland. In addition, our major information systems are centralized in two of our facilities in Oklahoma City. A disruption of normal business at any of our principal facilities in Oklahoma City, Saraland or Dublin, whether as the result of localized conditions (such as a fire or explosion) or as the result of events or circumstances of broader geographic impact (such as an earthquake, storm, flood, epidemic, strike, act of war, civil unrest or terrorist act), could materially adversely affect our business by disrupting normal reservations, customer service, accounting and systems activities. If we outsource key business processes in the future, the outsourcing service providers may concentrate their activities on our behalf at a small number of locations, entailing similar, or potentially even greater, risks. Our
79
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
systems designs, business continuity plans and insurance programs are designed to mitigate those risks, not to eliminate them, and this is particularly true with respect to events of broad geographic impact.
Claims that the software products and information systems that we rely on are infringing on the intellectual property rights of others could increase our expenses or inhibit us from offering certain services, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
A number of entities, including some of our competitors, have sought, or may in the future obtain, patents and other intellectual property rights that cover or affect software products and other components of information systems that we rely on to operate our business. For example, Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company, or "Enterprise," has asserted that certain systems we use to conduct insurance replacement rentals would infringe on patent rights it would obtain if it were granted certain patents for which it had applied. Enterprise has subsequently been issued a patent pursuant to that application.
Litigation may be necessary to determine the validity and scope of third-party rights or to defend against claims of infringement. If a court determines that one or more of the software products or other components of information systems we use infringe on intellectual property owned by others or we agree to settle such a dispute, we may be liable for money damages. In addition, we may be required to cease using those products and components unless we obtain licenses from the owners of the intellectual property, redesign those products and components in such a way as to avoid infringement or cease altogether the use of those products and components. Each of these alternatives could increase our expenses materially or impact the marketability of our services. Any litigation, regardless of the outcome, could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, a third-party intellectual property owner might not allow us to use its intellectual property at any price, or on terms acceptable to us, which could materially affect our competitive position and our results of operations. For example, if Enterprise were to pursue and prevail on claims of infringement similar to those it has previously asserted, it could have a material adverse effect on our insurance replacement business and, in turn, our off-airport business. We have already commenced litigation against Enterprise with respect to its patents and claims it has made. See "Part IIItem 1Legal Proceedings" included elsewhere in this Report.
The misuse or theft of information we possess could harm our reputation or competitive position, adversely affect the price at which shares of our common stock trade or give rise to material liabilities.
We possess non-public information with respect to millions of individuals, including our customers and our current and former employees, and thousands of businesses, as well as non-public information with respect to our own affairs. The misuse or theft of that information by either our employees or third parties could result in material damage to our brand, reputation or competitive position or materially affect the price at which shares of our common stock trade. In addition, depending on the type of information involved, the nature of our relationship with the person or entity to which the information relates, the cause and the jurisdiction whose laws are applicable, that misuse or theft of information could result in governmental investigations or material civil or criminal liability. The laws that would be applicable to such a failure are rapidly evolving and becoming more burdensome. See "Changes in the U.S. and foreign legal and regulatory environment that impact our operations, including laws and regulations relating to the insurance products we sell, customer privacy, data security, insurance rates and expenses we pass through to customers by means of separate charges, could disrupt our business, increase our expenses or otherwise could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations."
80
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
If we acquire any businesses in the future, they could prove difficult to integrate, disrupt our business, or have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
We intend to pursue growth and may from time to time consider opportunistic acquisitions, which may be significant. Any future acquisition would involve numerous risks including, without limitation:
If we make acquisitions in the future, acquisition-related accounting charges may affect our balance sheet and results of operations. In addition, the financing of any significant acquisition may result in changes in our capital structure, including the incurrence of additional indebtedness. We may not be successful in addressing these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with any acquisitions.
We face risks related to changes in our ownership.
A substantial number of our airport concession agreements, as well as certain of our other agreements with third parties, require the consent of the airports' operators or other parties in connection with any change in ownership of us. Changes in ownership of us could also require the approval of other governmental authorities (including insurance regulators, regulators of our retail used car sales activities and antitrust regulators), and we cannot offer assurance that those approvals would be obtained on terms acceptable to us. If our owners were to proceed to change their ownership of us without obtaining necessary approvals, or if significant conditions on our operations were imposed in connection with obtaining such approvals, our ability to conduct our business could be impaired, resulting in a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
We face risks related to liabilities and insurance.
Our businesses expose us to claims for personal injury, death and property damage resulting from the use of the cars and equipment rented or sold by us and for workers' compensation claims and other employment-related claims by our employees. Currently, we generally self-insure up to $10 million per occurrence in the United States and Europe for vehicle and general liability exposures and maintain insurance with unaffiliated carriers in excess of such levels up to $100 million per occurrence, or in the case of equipment rental in Europe and international operations outside of Europe, in such lower amounts as we deem adequate given the risks. We cannot assure you that we will not be exposed to uninsured liability at levels in excess of our historical levels resulting from multiple payouts or otherwise, that liabilities in respect of existing or future claims will not exceed the level of our insurance, that we will have sufficient capital available to pay any uninsured claims or that insurance with unaffiliated carriers will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms or at all. See "Item 1BusinessRisk Management" in our 10-K and "Part IIItem 1Legal Proceedings" included elsewhere in this Report.
We could face significant withdrawal liability if we withdraw from participation in one or more multiemployer pension plans in which we participate.
We participate in various "multiemployer" pension plans administrated by labor unions representing some of our employees. We make periodic contributions to these plans to allow them to meet their pension benefit obligations to their participants. In the event that we withdraw from participation in one of
81
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
these plans, then applicable law could require us to make an additional lump-sum contribution to the plan, and we would have to reflect that as an expense in our consolidated statement of operations and as a liability on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our withdrawal liability for any multiemployer plan would depend on the extent of the plan's funding of vested benefits. In the ordinary course of our renegotiation of collective bargaining agreements with labor unions that maintain these plans, we may decide to discontinue participation in a plan, and in that event we could face a withdrawal liability. Some multiemployer plans, including one in which we participate, are reported to have significant underfunded liabilities. Such underfunding could increase the size of our potential withdrawal liability.
We have received an informal request from the SEC to provide information about car rental services that we provide to our independent registered public accounting firm in the ordinary course of business.
In July 2005, the Division of Enforcement of the SEC informed us that it was conducting an informal inquiry and asked Hertz to voluntarily provide documents and information related to car rental services that we provide to our independent registered public accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, or "PwC." The SEC noted in its letter that the inquiry should not be construed as an indication by the SEC or its staff that any violations of law have occurred, or as a reflection upon any person, entity or security. We cooperated with the SEC by providing it with certain requested information in July and September 2005. Since then, we have received no further requests from the SEC with respect to this informal inquiry, but neither have we been advised that it has been closed.
After learning of this informal inquiry, our audit committee and representatives of PwC discussed PwC's independence with respect to us. PwC reconfirmed that it has been and remains independent with respect to us. In making this determination, PwC considered, among other things, its belief that PwC's arrangements with us represent arm's-length transactions that were negotiated in the normal course of business, and, therefore, that the commercial relationship does not impair PwC's independence with respect to us. If the SEC were to take a different view and it were ultimately determined that PwC was not independent with respect to us for certain periods, our filings with the SEC which contain our consolidated financial statements for such periods would be non-compliant with applicable securities laws. A determination that PwC was not independent with respect to us could, among other things, cause us to be in violation of, or in default under, the instruments governing our indebtedness and airport concession agreements, limit our access to capital markets and result in regulatory sanctions. Also, in the event of such a determination, we may be required to have independent audits conducted on our previously audited financial statements by another independent registered public accounting firm for the affected periods. The time involved to conduct such independent audits may make it more difficult to obtain capital on favorable terms, or at all, pending the completion of such audits. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition, the trading prices of our securities and the continued eligibility for listing of our common stock on The New York Stock Exchange, or "NYSE."
Environmental laws and regulations and the costs of complying with them, or any liability or obligation imposed under them, could adversely affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
We are regulated by federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations in connection with our operations, including, among other things, with respect to the ownership and operation of tanks for the storage of petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel and motor and waste oils. We have established a compliance program for our tanks that is intended to ensure that the tanks are properly registered with the state or other jurisdiction in which the tanks are located and have been either replaced or upgraded to meet applicable leak detection and spill, overfill and corrosion protection requirements. However, we cannot assure you that these tank systems will at all times remain free from undetected leaks or that the use of these tanks will not result in significant spills.
82
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
We have made, and will continue to make, expenditures to comply with environmental laws and regulations, including, among others, expenditures for the cleanup of contamination at or emanating from, currently and formerly owned and leased properties, as well as contamination at other locations at which our wastes have reportedly been identified. We cannot assure you that compliance with existing or future environmental legislation and regulations will not require material expenditures by us or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. See "Part 1BusinessGovernmental Regulation and Environmental Matters" in our 10-K and "Part IIItem 1Legal Proceedings" included elsewhere in this Report.
Changes in the U.S. and foreign legal and regulatory environment that impact our operations, including laws and regulations relating to the insurance products we sell, customer privacy, data security, insurance rates and expenses we pass through to customers by means of separate charges, could disrupt our business, increase our expenses or otherwise could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We are subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations in the United States and the other countries and jurisdictions in which we operate, and changes in the level of government regulation of our business have the potential to materially alter our business practices or our profitability. Depending on the jurisdiction, those changes may come about through new legislation, the issuance of new laws and regulations or changes in the interpretation of existing laws and regulations by a court, regulatory body or governmental official. Sometimes those changes may have not just prospective but also retroactive effect, which is particularly true when a change is made through reinterpretation of laws or regulations that have been in effect for some time. Moreover, changes in regulation that may seem neutral on their face may have either more or less impact on us than on our competitors, depending on the circumstances.
The optional liability insurance policies and products providing insurance coverage in our domestic car rental operations are conducted pursuant to limited licenses or exemptions under state laws governing the licensing of insurance providers. In our international car rental operations, our offering of optional products providing insurance coverage historically has not been regulated. Any changes in the law in the United States or internationally that change our operating requirements with respect to insurance could increase our costs of compliance or make it uneconomical to offer such products, which would lead to a reduction in revenues. For instance, in the countries of the European Union, the regulatory environment for insurance intermediaries is evolving, and we cannot assure you either that we will be able to continue offering such coverage without substantial changes in our offering process or in the terms of the coverage or that such changes, if required, would not render uneconomic our continued offering of the coverage. Due to a change in law in Australia, we have discontinued sales of insurance products there. See "Item 1BusinessRisk Management" in our 10-K for further discussion regarding how changes in the regulation of insurance intermediaries may affect us internationally.
Laws in many countries and jurisdictions limit the types of information we may collect about individuals with whom we deal or propose to deal, as well as how we collect, retain and use the information that we are permitted to collect. In addition, the centralized nature of our information systems requires the routine flow of information about customers and potential customers across national borders, particularly into the United States. In the future, if we elect to outsource work that involves the processing of such information, that information may flow into other countries, some of which do not possess developed legal regimes relating to privacy and data security. If this flow of information were to become illegal, or subject to onerous restrictions, our ability to serve our customers could be seriously impaired for an extended period of time. Other changes in the regulation of customer privacy and data security could likewise have a material adverse effect on our business. Privacy and data security are rapidly
83
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
evolving areas of regulation, and additional regulation in those areas, some of it potentially difficult for us to accommodate, is frequently proposed and occasionally adopted. Thus, changes in the worldwide legal and regulatory environment in the areas of customer privacy, data security and cross border data flows could have a material adverse effect on our business, primarily through the impairment of our marketing and transaction processing activities.
Further, the substantive regulation of the rates we charge car renters, either through direct price regulation or a requirement that we disregard a customer's source market (location or place of residence) for rate purposes, could reduce our revenues or increase our expenses. We set rates based on a variety of factors including the sources of rental reservations geographically and the means through which the reservations were made, all of which are in response to various market factors and costs. The European Commission has issued a directive that could restrict our ability to take into account the country of residence of European Union residents for rate purposes, and bills have periodically been introduced into the New York State legislature that would seek to prohibit us from charging higher rates to renters residing in certain boroughs of New York City. The adoption of any such measures could have a material adverse impact on our revenues and results of operations.
In most places where we operate, we pass through various expenses, including the recovery of vehicle licensing costs and airport concession fees, to our rental customers as separate charges. The Attorneys General of Alaska, Massachusetts, Montana and Virginia have in the past two years taken positions that car rental companies may not pass through to customers, by means of separate charges, certain of their expenses, such as vehicle licensing costs and airport concession fees, or that car rental companies' ability to pass through such expenses is limited. In addition, we are currently a defendant in an action challenging the propriety of certain expense pass-through charges in Nevada. We believe our expense pass-through charges, where imposed, are lawful, and expense pass-throughs have, when challenged, been upheld in courts of other states. The position of the Attorney General of Virginia was reversed by subsequent legislation, while the concerns of the Attorney General of Alaska have been allayed by changes in our customer disclosure practices. The concerns of the Attorney General of Montana, which related primarily to our licensees' passing through of vehicle licensing costs, were resolved by assurances of voluntary compliance by our licensees (which permitted passing through of such costs subject to certain limitations of small operational significance). Nonetheless, we cannot offer assurance that the Attorney General of Massachusetts, or of another state, will not take enforcement action against us with respect to our car rental expense pass-throughs, or that our pass-throughs will not be the subject of other class action litigation. If such action were taken and an Attorney General or class action plaintiff were to prevail, it could have a material adverse impact on our revenues and results of operations. In the United States, our revenues from car rental expense pass-throughs for the year ended December 31, 2006 and the nine months ended September 30, 2007, were approximately $311.5 million and $269.6 million, respectively.
The Sponsors currently control us and may have conflicts of interest with us in the future.
Clayton, Dubilier & Rice Fund VII, L.P. and related funds, Carlyle Partners IV, L.P. and related funds and ML Global Private Equity Fund, L.P. and related funds (together with certain of their affiliates) currently beneficially own approximately 18.7%, 18.4% and 18.2%, respectively, of the outstanding shares of the common stock of Hertz Holdings. These funds and Hertz Holdings are parties to a Stockholders Agreement, pursuant to which the funds have agreed to vote in favor of nominees to our board of directors nominated by the other funds. As a result, the Sponsors control us, and will continue to have significant influence over matters requiring stockholder approval and our policy and affairs so long as they continue to hold significant amount of our common stock. The Sponsors may therefore have the ability to prevent any transaction that requires the approval of stockholders, regardless of whether or not
84
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
our other stockholders believe that such a transaction is in their own best interests. See Note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report.
Additionally, the Sponsors are in the business of making investments in companies and may from time to time acquire and hold interests in businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us. One or more of the Sponsors may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. So long as investment funds associated with or designated by the Sponsors continue to indirectly own a significant amount of the outstanding shares of our common stock, even if that amount is less than 50%, the Sponsors will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions. While we have adopted a code of ethics and business conduct that applies to all our directors, it does not preclude the Sponsors from becoming engaged in businesses that compete with us or preclude our directors from taking advantage of business opportunities other than those made available to them through the use of their position as directors or the use of our property.
The Sponsors or their affiliates may compete directly against us.
Corporate opportunities may arise in the area of potential competitive business activities that may be attractive to us as well as to one or more of the Sponsors, including through potential acquisitions by one or more Sponsors or their affiliates of competing businesses. Any competition could intensify if an affiliate or subsidiary of one or more of the Sponsors were to enter into or acquire a business similar to our car rental or equipment rental operations. Given that we are not wholly owned by any one of the three Sponsors, the Sponsors may be inclined to direct relevant corporate opportunities to entities which they control individually rather than to us. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Sponsors are under no obligation to communicate or offer any corporate opportunity to us, even if such opportunity might reasonably have been expected to be of interest to us or our subsidiaries. See Note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report.
Risks Relating to Our Substantial Indebtedness
We have substantial debt and may incur substantial additional debt, which could adversely affect our financial condition, our ability to obtain financing in the future and our ability to react to changes in our business.
As of September 30, 2007, we had an aggregate principal amount of debt outstanding of $13,092.5 million and a debt to equity ratio, calculated using the total amount of our outstanding debt net of unamortized discounts, of 4.6 to 1.
Our substantial debt could have important consequences to you. For example, it could:
85
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
our U.S. and international fleet debt financings entered into as part of the Transactions and our Senior Credit Facilities, is at variable rates of interest;
Any of the foregoing impacts of our substantial indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Despite our current indebtedness levels, we and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantially more debt. This could further exacerbate the risks associated with our substantial indebtedness.
We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. The terms of the instruments governing our indebtedness do not prohibit us or fully prohibit our subsidiaries from doing so. As of September 30, 2007, our Senior Credit Facilities provided us commitments for additional aggregate borrowings (subject to borrowing base limitations) of approximately $1,366.2 million, and permitted additional borrowings beyond those commitments under certain circumstances. As of September 30, 2007, our U.S. Fleet Debt facilities, International Fleet Debt facilities, our Fleet Financing Facility, our Canadian Fleet Financing Facility, our Brazilian Credit Facility and our Belgian Revolving Credit Facility provided us commitments for additional aggregate borrowings of approximately $1,030.0 million, the foreign currency equivalent of $652.2 million, $96.0 million, $129.0 million, $11.6 million and $6.6 million, respectively, subject to borrowing base limitations. If new debt is added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we now face would increase. In addition, the instruments governing our indebtedness do not prevent us or our subsidiaries from incurring obligations that do not constitute indebtedness. On June 30, 2006, Hertz Holdings entered into a $1.0 billion loan facility in order to finance the payment of a special cash dividend of $4.32 per share to its stockholders on June 30, 2006. Although this facility was repaid in full with the proceeds from our initial public offering, we cannot assure you that Hertz Holdings will not enter into similar transactions in the future.
We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our debt, and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under such indebtedness, which may not be successful.
Our ability to make scheduled payments on our indebtedness, or to refinance our obligations under our debt agreements, will depend on the financial and operating performance of us and our subsidiaries, which, in turn, will be subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to the financial and business risk factors, many of which may be beyond our control, as described under "Risks Related to Our Business" above.
We cannot assure you that we will maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness.
If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets, seek to obtain additional equity capital or
86
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
restructure our indebtedness. In the future, our cash flows and capital resources may not be sufficient for payments of interest on and principal of our debt, and such alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet scheduled debt service obligations. We also cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness or obtain additional financing, particularly because of our high levels of debt and the debt incurrence restrictions imposed by the agreements governing our debt, as well as prevailing market conditions. In the absence of such operating results and resources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations. The instruments governing our indebtedness restrict our ability to dispose of assets and restrict the use of proceeds from any such dispositions. We cannot assure you we will be able to consummate those sales, or, if we do, what the timing of the sales will be or whether the proceeds that we realize will be adequate to meet debt service obligations when due.
A significant portion of our outstanding indebtedness is secured by substantially all of our consolidated assets. As a result of these security interests, such assets would only be available to satisfy claims of our general creditors or to holders of our equity securities if we were to become insolvent to the extent the value of such assets exceeded the amount of our indebtedness and other obligations. In addition, the existence of these security interests may adversely affect our financial flexibility.
Indebtedness under our Senior Credit Facilities is secured by a lien on substantially all our assets (other than assets of foreign subsidiaries), including pledges of all or a portion of the capital stock of certain of our subsidiaries. Our Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes are unsecured and therefore do not have the benefit of such collateral. Accordingly, if an event of default were to occur under our Senior Credit Facilities, the senior secured lenders under such facilities would have a prior right to our assets, to the exclusion of our general creditors, including the holders of our Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes. In that event, our assets would first be used to repay in full all indebtedness and other obligations secured by them (including all amounts outstanding under our Senior Credit Facilities), resulting in all or a portion of our assets being unavailable to satisfy the claims of our unsecured indebtedness. Furthermore, many of the subsidiaries that hold our U.S. and international car rental fleets in connection with our asset-backed financing programs are intended to be bankruptcy remote and the assets held by them may not be available to our general creditors in a bankruptcy unless and until they are transferred to a non-bankruptcy remote entity. As of September 30, 2007, substantially all of our consolidated assets, including our car and equipment rental fleets, have been pledged for the benefit of the lenders under our Senior Credit Facilities or are subject to securitization facilities in connection with our U.S. Fleet Debt and International Fleet Debt facilities. As a result, the lenders under these facilities would have a prior claim on such assets in the event of our bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation or reorganization, and we may not have sufficient funds to pay all of our creditors and holders of our unsecured indebtedness may receive less, ratably, than the holders of our senior debt, and may not be fully paid, or may not be paid at all, even when other creditors receive full payment for their claims. In that event, holders of our equity securities would not be entitled to receive any of our assets or the proceeds therefrom. See "Part IItem 2Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesFinancingGuarantees and Security" included elsewhere in this Report. As discussed below, the pledge of these assets and other restrictions may limit our flexibility in raising capital for other purposes. Because substantially all of our assets are pledged under these financing arrangements, our ability to incur additional secured indebtedness or to sell or dispose of assets to raise capital may be impaired, which could have an adverse effect on our financial flexibility.
87
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
Restrictive covenants in certain of the agreements and instruments governing our indebtedness may adversely affect our financial flexibility.
Our Senior Credit Facilities and the indentures governing our Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes contain covenants that, among other things, restrict Hertz's and its subsidiaries' ability to:
In addition, under our Senior Credit Facilities, we are required to comply with financial covenants. If we fail to maintain a specified minimum level of borrowing capacity under our Senior ABL Facility, we will then be subject to financial covenants under that facility, including covenants that will obligate us to maintain a specified debt to Corporate EBITDA leverage ratio and a specified Corporate EBITDA to fixed charges coverage ratio. The financial covenants in our Senior Term Facility include obligations to maintain a specified debt to Corporate EBITDA leverage ratio and a specified Corporate EBITDA to interest expense coverage ratio for specified periods. Both our Senior ABL Facility and our Senior Term Facility also impose limitations on the amount of our capital expenditures. Our ability to comply with these covenants in future periods will depend on our ongoing financial and operating performance, which in turn will be subject to economic conditions and to financial, market and competitive factors, many of which are beyond our control. Our ability to comply with these covenants in future periods will also depend substantially on the pricing of our products and services, our success at implementing cost reduction initiatives and our ability to successfully implement our overall business strategy. Our ability to comply with the covenants and restrictions contained in our Senior Credit Facilities and the indentures for our Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes may be affected by economic, financial and industry conditions beyond our control. The breach of any of these covenants or restrictions could result in a default under either our Senior Credit Facilities or the indentures that would permit the applicable lenders or holders of the Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes, as the case may be, to declare all amounts outstanding thereunder to be due and payable, together with accrued and unpaid interest. In any such case, we may be unable to make borrowings under the Senior Credit Facilities and may not be able to repay the amounts due under the Senior Credit Facilities and the Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes. This could have serious consequences to our financial condition and results of operations and could cause us to become bankrupt or insolvent.
We are also subject to operational limitations under the terms of our ABS Program. For example, there are contractual limitations with respect to the cars that secure our ABS Program. These limitations are
88
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
based on the identity or credit ratings of the cars' manufacturers, the existence of satisfactory repurchase or guaranteed depreciation arrangements for the cars or the physical characteristics of the cars. As a result, we may be required to limit the percentage of cars from any one manufacturer or increase the credit enhancement related to the program and may not be able to take advantage of certain cost savings that might otherwise be available through manufacturers. If these limitations prevented us from purchasing, or retaining in our fleet, cars on terms that we would otherwise find advantageous, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
Further, our International Fleet Debt facilities contain a number of covenants, including a covenant that restricts the ability of Hertz International, Ltd., a subsidiary of ours that is the direct or indirect holding company of substantially all of our non-U.S. operating subsidiaries, to make dividends and other restricted payments (which may include payments of intercompany indebtedness), in an amount greater than €100 million plus a specified excess cash flow amount, calculated by reference to excess cash flow in earlier periods. Subject to certain exceptions, until the later of one year from the Closing Date and such time as 50% of the commitments under the facilities on the Closing Date have been replaced by permanent take-out international asset-based facilities (which has not yet occurred), the specified excess cash flow amount will be zero. Thereafter, this specified excess cash flow amount will be between 50% and 100% of excess cash flow based on the percentage of facilities relating to our International Fleet Debt facilities at the closing of the Acquisition that have been replaced by permanent take-out international asset-based facilities. These restrictions will limit the availability of funds from Hertz International, Ltd. and its subsidiaries to help us make payments on our indebtedness. Certain of these permanent take-out international asset-based facilities are expected to be novel and complicated structures. We cannot assure you that we will be able to complete such permanent take-out financings on terms acceptable to us or on a timely basis, if at all; if we are unable to do so, our liquidity and interest costs may be adversely affected. See "Our reliance on asset-backed financing to purchase cars subjects us to a number of risks, many of which are beyond our control."
Certain of our Canadian subsidiaries are parties to our Senior ABL Facility and are not subject to these International Fleet Debt restrictions. Our non-U.S. subsidiaries, including the operations of these Canadian subsidiaries, accounted for approximately 30% of our total revenues and 24% of our Corporate EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2006. See Note 10 to the notes to our audited annual consolidated financial statements included in our 10-K.
The instruments governing our debt contain cross default or cross acceleration provisions that may cause all of the debt issued under such instruments to become immediately due and payable as a result of a default under an unrelated debt instrument.
The indentures governing our Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes and the agreements governing our Senior Credit Facilities contain numerous covenants and require us to meet certain financial ratios and tests which utilize Corporate EBITDA. Our failure to comply with the obligations contained in these agreements or other instruments governing our indebtedness could result in an event of default under the applicable instrument, which could result in the related debt and the debt issued under other instruments becoming immediately due and payable. In such event, we would need to raise funds from alternative sources, which funds may not be available to us on favorable terms, on a timely basis or at all. Alternatively, such a default could require us to sell our assets and otherwise curtail our operations in order to pay our creditors. Such alternative measures could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
89
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
An increase in interest rates would increase the cost of servicing our debt and could reduce our profitability.
A significant portion of our outstanding debt, including borrowings under our Senior Credit Facilities, our International Fleet Debt facilities and certain of our other outstanding debt securities, bear interest at variable rates. As a result, an increase in interest rates, whether because of an increase in market interest rates or an increase in our own cost of borrowing, would increase the cost of servicing our debt and could materially reduce our profitability, including, in the case of the U.S. Fleet Debt and the International Fleet Debt facilities, our Corporate EBITDA. Recent turmoil in the credit markets has reduced the availability of debt financing, which may result in increases in the interest rates at which lenders are will to make debt financing available to us. The impact of such an increase would be more significant than it would be for some other companies because of our substantial debt. For a discussion of how we manage our exposure to changes in interest rates through the use of interest rate swap agreements on certain portions of our outstanding debt, see "Part IItem 2Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsMarket RisksInterest Rate Risk" included elsewhere in this Report.
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
We may have a contingent liability arising out of electronic communications sent to institutional accounts by a previously named underwriter that did not participate as an underwriter in the initial public offering of our common stock.
We understand that, during the week of October 23, 2006, several e-mails authored by an employee of a previously named underwriter for the initial public offering of our common stock were ultimately forwarded by employees of that underwriter to approximately 175 institutional accounts. We were not involved in any way in the preparation or distribution of the e-mail messages by the employees of this previously named underwriter, and we had no knowledge of them until after they were sent. We requested that the previously named underwriter notify the institutional accounts who received these e-mail messages from its employees that the e-mail messages were distributed in error and should be disregarded. In addition, this previously named underwriter did not participate as an underwriter in the initial public offering of our common stock.
The e-mail messages may constitute a prospectus or prospectuses not meeting the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the "Securities Act." We, the Sponsors and the other underwriters that participated in the initial public offering of our common stock disclaim all responsibility for the contents of these e-mail messages.
We do not believe that the e-mail messages constitute a violation by us of the Securities Act. However, if any or all of these communications were to be held by a court to be a violation by us of the Securities Act, the recipients of the e-mails, if any, who purchased shares of our common stock in the initial public offering of our common stock might have the right, under certain circumstances, to require us to repurchase those shares. Consequently, we could have a contingent liability arising out of these possible violations of the Securities Act. The magnitude of this liability, if any, is presently impossible to quantify, and would depend, in part, upon the number of shares purchased by the recipients of the e-mails and the trading price of our common stock. If any liability is asserted, we intend to contest the matter vigorously.
90
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
Hertz Holdings is a holding company with no operations of its own that depends on its subsidiaries for cash.
The operations of Hertz Holdings are conducted almost entirely through its subsidiaries and its ability to generate cash to meet its debt service obligations, if any, or to pay dividends is highly dependent on the earnings and the receipt of funds from its subsidiaries via dividends or intercompany loans. However, none of the subsidiaries of Hertz Holdings are obligated to make funds available to Hertz Holdings for the payment of dividends. In addition, payments of dividends and interest among the companies in our group may be subject to withholding taxes. Further, the terms of the indentures governing Hertz's Senior Notes and Senior Subordinated Notes and the agreements governing Hertz's Senior Credit Facilities and Hertz's fleet debt facilities significantly restrict the ability of the subsidiaries of Hertz to pay dividends or otherwise transfer assets to Hertz Holdings. Furthermore, the subsidiaries of Hertz are permitted under the terms of Hertz's Senior Credit Facilities and other indebtedness to incur additional indebtedness that may severely restrict or prohibit the making of distributions, the payment of dividends or the making of loans by such subsidiaries to Hertz Holdings. See "Risks Relating to Our Substantial IndebtednessRestrictive covenants in certain of the agreements governing our indebtedness may adversely affect our financial flexibility." In addition, Delaware law may impose requirements that may restrict our ability to pay dividends to holders of our common stock.
If the ownership of our common stock continues to be highly concentrated, it will prevent other stockholders from influencing significant corporate decisions.
The concentrated holdings of the funds associated with the Sponsors, certain provisions of the Stockholders' Agreement among the funds and us and the presence of these funds' nominees on our board of directors may result in a delay or the deterrence of possible changes in control of our company, which may reduce the market price of our common stock. The interests of the Sponsors may conflict with the interests of our other stockholders. Our board of directors has adopted corporate governance guidelines that, among other things, address potential conflicts between a director's interests and our interests. In addition, we have adopted a code of business conduct that, among other things, requires our employees to avoid actions or relationships that might conflict or appear to conflict with their job responsibilities or the interests of Hertz Holdings, and to disclose their outside activities, financial interests or relationships that may present a possible conflict of interest or the appearance of a conflict to management or corporate counsel. These corporate governance guidelines and code of business ethics will not, by themselves, prohibit transactions with our significant stockholders.
Our share price may decline due to the large number of shares eligible for future sale.
Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the possibility of such sales, may adversely affect the price of our common stock and impede our ability to raise capital through the issuance of equity securities.
As of November 9, 2007, there were 321,735,232 shares of our common stock outstanding. Of these shares, the 88,235,000 shares of common stock sold in our initial public offering and the 51,750,000 shares of common stock sold in a registered offering in June 2007 are freely transferable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, unless purchased by our "affiliates" as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. The remaining 181,750,232 shares of common stock outstanding will be restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act, but will be eligible for resale subject to applicable volume, manner of sale, holding period and other limitations of Rule 144 or pursuant to an exemption from registration under Rule 701 under the Securities Act. In November 2006, we filed a registration statement under the Securities Act to register the shares of
91
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
common stock to be issued under our stock incentive plans and, as a result, all shares of common stock acquired upon exercise of stock options and other equity-based awards granted under these plans will also be freely tradable under the Securities Act unless purchased by our affiliates. A total of 28.5 million shares of common stock are reserved for issuance under our stock incentive plans.
Certain of our existing stockholders have the right under certain circumstances to require that we register their shares for resale. As of November 9, 2007 these registration rights apply to the approximately 177.8 million shares of our outstanding common stock owned by the investment funds affiliated with or designated by the Sponsors.
Our certificate of incorporation, by-laws and Delaware law may discourage takeovers and business combinations that our stockholders might consider in their best interests.
A number of provisions in our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, as well as anti-takeover provisions of Delaware law, may have the effect of delaying, deterring, preventing or rendering more difficult a change in control of Hertz Holdings that our stockholders might consider in their best interests. These provisions include:
These provisions may prevent our stockholders from receiving the benefit from any premium to the market price of our common stock offered by a bidder in a takeover context. Even in the absence of a takeover attempt, the existence of these provisions may adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common stock if they are viewed as discouraging takeover attempts in the future.
Our certificate of incorporation and by-laws may also make it difficult for stockholders to replace or remove our management. These provisions may facilitate management entrenchment that may delay, deter, render more difficult or prevent a change in our control, which may not be in the best interests of our stockholders.
92
ITEM 6. Exhibits
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
---|---|---|
4.1.1 | Third Amendment, dated as of May 23, 2007, among The Hertz Corporation, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, and the other parties signatory thereto, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2005, by and between The Hertz Corporation, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Documentation Agent, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., and Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Joint Lead Arrangers, and BNP Paribas, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, and Calyon New York Branch, as Co-Arrangers, and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers, Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Joint Bookrunning Managers | |
4.1.2 |
Third Amendment, dated as of May 23, 2007, among Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, The Hertz Corporation, Matthews Equipment Limited, Western Shut-Down (1995) Limited, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, Deutsche Bank AG, Canada Branch, and the other parties signatory thereto, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2005, by and between Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, The Hertz Corporation, the Canadian Borrowers parties thereto, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, Deutsche Bank AG, Canada Branch, as Canadian Agent and Canadian Collateral Agent, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Documentation Agent, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., and Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Joint Lead Arrangers, BNP Paribas, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, and Calyon New York Branch, as Co-Arrangers, and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Joint Bookrunning Managers |
|
4.1.3 |
Fourth Amendment, dated as of September 30, 2007, among Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, The Hertz Corporation, Matthews Equipment Limited, Western Shut-Down (1995) Limited, Hertz Canada Equipment Rental Corporation, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, Deutsche Bank AG, Canada Branch, and the other parties signatory thereto, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2005, by and between Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, The Hertz Corporation, the Canadian Borrowers parties thereto, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, Deutsche Bank AG, Canada Branch, as Canadian Agent and Canadian Collateral Agent, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Documentation Agent, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., and Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Joint Lead Arrangers, BNP Paribas, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, and Calyon New York Branch, as Co-Arrangers, and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Joint Bookrunning Managers |
93
ITEM 6. Exhibits (Continued)
4.1.4 |
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 15, 2007, among Simply Wheelz LLC, The Hertz Corporation, the Existing Guarantors named therein, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, relating to the U.S. Dollar 8.875% Senior Notes due 2014 and the Euro 7.875% Senior Notes due 2014 |
|
4.1.5 |
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 15, 2007, among Simply Wheelz LLC, The Hertz Corporation, the Existing Guarantors named therein, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, relating to the 10.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016 |
|
4.1.6 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2004-1 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
4.1.7 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2005-1 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
4.1.8 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2005-2 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
4.1.9 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2005-3 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
4.1.10 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2005-4 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
10.1 |
Management Stock Option Agreement between Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. and Mark P. Frissora, dated as of August 14, 2007* |
|
12 |
Computation of Consolidated Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 |
|
15 |
Letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, dated August 13, 2007, relating to Financial Information |
|
18 |
Letter of PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP Regarding Change in Accounting Principle |
94
ITEM 6. Exhibits (Continued)
31.1- 31.2 |
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
|
32.1- 32.2 |
Section 1350 Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
Note: | Certain instruments with respect to various additional obligations, which could be considered as long-term debt, have not been filed as exhibits to this Report because the total amount of securities authorized under any such instrument does not exceed 10% of our total assets on a consolidated basis. We agree to furnish to the SEC upon request a copy of any such instrument defining the rights of the holders of such long-term debt. |
95
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
HERTZ GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC. | |||
(Registrant) | |||
Date: November 13, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ ELYSE DOUGLAS Elyse Douglas Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial officer and duly authorized officer) |
96
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
---|---|---|
4.1.1 | Third Amendment, dated as of May 23, 2007, among The Hertz Corporation, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, and the other parties signatory thereto, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2005, by and between The Hertz Corporation, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Documentation Agent, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., and Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Joint Lead Arrangers, and BNP Paribas, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, and Calyon New York Branch, as Co-Arrangers, and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers, Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Joint Bookrunning Managers | |
4.1.2 |
Third Amendment, dated as of May 23, 2007, among Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, The Hertz Corporation, Matthews Equipment Limited, Western Shut-Down (1995) Limited, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, Deutsche Bank AG, Canada Branch, and the other parties signatory thereto, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2005, by and between Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, The Hertz Corporation, the Canadian Borrowers parties thereto, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, Deutsche Bank AG, Canada Branch, as Canadian Agent and Canadian Collateral Agent, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Documentation Agent, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., and Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Joint Lead Arrangers, BNP Paribas, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, and Calyon New York Branch, as Co-Arrangers, and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Joint Bookrunning Managers |
|
4.1.3 |
Fourth Amendment, dated as of September 30, 2007, among Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, The Hertz Corporation, Matthews Equipment Limited, Western Shut-Down (1995) Limited, Hertz Canada Equipment Rental Corporation, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, Deutsche Bank AG, Canada Branch, and the other parties signatory thereto, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2005, by and between Hertz Equipment Rental Corporation, The Hertz Corporation, the Canadian Borrowers parties thereto, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, Deutsche Bank AG, Canada Branch, as Canadian Agent and Canadian Collateral Agent, Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Documentation Agent, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., and Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as Joint Lead Arrangers, BNP Paribas, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, and Calyon New York Branch, as Co-Arrangers, and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Joint Bookrunning Managers |
97
EXHIBIT INDEX (Continued)
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
---|---|---|
4.1.4 | Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 15, 2007, among Simply Wheelz LLC, The Hertz Corporation, the Existing Guarantors named therein, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, relating to the U.S. Dollar 8.875% Senior Notes due 2014 and the Euro 7.875% Senior Notes due 2014 | |
4.1.5 |
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 15, 2007, among Simply Wheelz LLC, The Hertz Corporation, the Existing Guarantors named therein, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, relating to the 10.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016 |
|
4.1.6 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2004-1 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
4.1.7 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2005-1 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
4.1.8 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2005-2 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
4.1.9 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2005-3 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
4.1.10 |
Amendment No. 1 dated as of October 24, 2007, to the Amended and Restated Series 2005-4 Supplement dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC, as Issuer, and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee and as Securities Intermediary, to the Second Amended and Restated Base Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2006, between Hertz Vehicle Financing LLC and The Bank Of New York Trust Company, N.A. |
|
10.1 |
Management Stock Option Agreement between Hertz Global Holdings, Inc. and Mark P. Frissora, dated as of August 14, 2007* |
|
12 |
Computation of Consolidated Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 |
|
15 |
Letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, dated August 13, 2007, relating to Financial Information |
98
EXHIBIT INDEX (Continued)
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
---|---|---|
18 | Letter of PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP Regarding Change in Accounting Principle | |
31.1-31.2 |
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
|
32.1-32.2 |
Section 1350 Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
Note: | Certain instruments with respect to various additional obligations, which could be considered as long-term debt, have not been filed as exhibits to this Report because the total amount of securities authorized under any such instrument does not exceed 10% of our total assets on a consolidated basis. We agree to furnish to the SEC upon request a copy of any such instrument defining the rights of the holders of such long-term debt. |
99