UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K


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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010

OR

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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                         to                        

Commission file number 1-11840

THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware   36-3871531
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

2775 Sanders Road, Northbrook, Illinois    60062
(Address of principal executive offices)         (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (847) 402-5000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange
on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share   New York Stock Exchange
Chicago Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

        Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes    X                               No         

        Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes                                     No    X   

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes    X                               No         

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes    X                               No         

        Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.       X   

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer    X      Accelerated filer         

Non-accelerated filer          (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Smaller reporting company         

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes                                     No    X   

        The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing price as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, June 30, 2010, was approximately $15.36 billion.

        As of February 1, 2011, the registrant had 529,770,022 shares of common stock outstanding.

Documents Incorporated By Reference

        Portions of the following documents are incorporated herein by reference as follows:

        Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates by reference certain information from the registrant's definitive proxy statement for its annual stockholders meeting to be held on May 17, 2011 (the "Proxy Statement") to be filed not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
   
  Page

PART I

   

Item 1.

 

Business

  1

 

        Priorities

  1

 

        Allstate Protection Segment

  1

 

        Allstate Financial Segment

  3

 

        Other Business Segments

  5

 

        Reserve for Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense

  5

 

        Regulation

  9

 

        Internet Website

  12

 

        Other Information about Allstate

  12

 

        Executive Officers

  13

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

  14

Item 1B.

 

Unresolved Staff Comments

  23

Item 2.

 

Properties

  23

Item 3.

 

Legal Proceedings

  23

Item 4.

 

(Removed and Reserved)

  23

PART II

   

Item 5.

 

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholders Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

  24

Item 6.

 

Selected Financial Data

  25

Item 7.

 

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  26

Item 7A.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

  122

Item 8.

 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

  122

Item 9.

 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

  208

Item 9A.

 

Controls and Procedures

  208

Item 9B.

 

Other Information

  208

PART III

   

Item 10.

 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

  209

Item 11.

 

Executive Compensation

  209

Item 12.

 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

  210

Item 13.

 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

  210

Item 14.

 

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

  210

PART IV

   

Item 15.

 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

  211

Signatures

  214

Financial Statement Schedules

  S-1

Part I

Item 1.  Business

       The Allstate Corporation was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 5, 1992 to serve as the holding company for Allstate Insurance Company. Its business is conducted principally through Allstate Insurance Company, Allstate Life Insurance Company and their affiliates (collectively, including The Allstate Corporation, "Allstate"). Allstate is primarily engaged in the personal property and casualty insurance business and the life insurance, retirement and investment products business. It conducts its business primarily in the United States.

       The Allstate Corporation is the largest publicly held personal lines insurer in the United States. Widely known through the "You're In Good Hands With Allstate®" slogan, Allstate is reinventing protection and retirement to help individuals in approximately 16 million households protect what they have today and better prepare for tomorrow. Customers can access Allstate products and services such as auto insurance and homeowners insurance through more than 13,000 exclusive Allstate agencies and financial representatives in the United States and Canada. Allstate is the 2nd largest personal property and casualty insurer in the United States on the basis of 2009 statutory direct premiums earned. In addition, according to A.M. Best, it is the nation's 16th largest issuer of life insurance business on the basis of 2009 ordinary life insurance in force and 21st largest on the basis of 2009 statutory admitted assets.

•       Allstate Protection

 

•       Discontinued Lines and Coverages

•       Allstate Financial

 

•       Corporate and Other

       To achieve its goals in 2011, Allstate is focused on three priorities:

improve our operating results;
grow our businesses profitably; and
differentiate ourselves from the competition by reinventing our business.

       In this annual report on Form 10-K, we occasionally refer to statutory financial information. All domestic United States insurance companies are required to prepare statutory-basis financial statements. As a result, industry data is available that enables comparisons between insurance companies, including competitors that are not subject to the requirement to prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). We frequently use industry publications containing statutory financial information to assess our competitive position.

ALLSTATE PROTECTION SEGMENT

Products and Distribution

       Our Allstate Protection segment accounted for 92% of Allstate's 2010 consolidated insurance premiums and contract charges. In this segment, we sell principally private passenger auto and homeowners insurance, primarily through agencies. These products are marketed under the Allstate and Encompass® brand names. The Allstate Protection segment also includes a separate organization called Emerging Businesses which comprises Business Insurance (commercial products for small business owners), Consumer Household (specialty products including motorcycle, boat, renters and condominium insurance policies), Allstate Dealer Services (insurance and non-insurance products sold primarily to auto dealers), Allstate Roadside Services (retail and wholesale roadside assistance products) and Ivantage (insurance agency). We also participate in the involuntary or shared private passenger auto insurance business in order to maintain our licenses to do business in many states. In some states, Allstate exclusive agencies offer non-proprietary property insurance products.

       Allstate brand auto and homeowners insurance products are sold primarily through Allstate exclusive agencies and, to a lesser extent, through independent agencies in areas not served by exclusive agencies. Encompass brand auto and homeowners insurance products are sold through independent agencies.

       In most states, consumers can also purchase certain Allstate brand personal insurance products, and obtain service, through our direct channel that includes call centers and the internet.

       Total Allstate Protection premiums written were $25.91 billion in 2010. Our broad-based network of approximately 11,500 Allstate exclusive agencies in approximately 10,850 locations in the U.S. produced approximately 87% of the Allstate Protection segment's written premiums in 2010. The direct channel accounted for 3% of this total. The rest was generated primarily by approximately 4,500 independent agencies. We are among the seven largest providers of

1



personal property and casualty insurance products through independent agencies in the United States, based on statutory written premium information provided by A.M. Best for 2009.

Competition

       The markets for personal private passenger auto and homeowners insurance are highly competitive. The following charts provide the market shares of our principal competitors in the U.S. by direct written premium for the year ended December 31, 2009 (the most recent date such competitive information is available) according to A.M. Best.

Private Passenger Auto Insurance
  Homeowners Insurance
 
 
   
   
 
Insurer
  Market Share  
Insurer
  Market Share  

State Farm

    18.1 %

State Farm

    20.8 %

Allstate

    10.7 %

Allstate

    9.8 %

GEICO

    8.4 %

Farmers

    7.1 %

Progressive

    7.6 %

Liberty Mutual

    5.1 %

Farmers

    6.5 %

Travelers

    4.6 %

Nationwide

    4.6 %

Nationwide

    4.5 %

Liberty Mutual

    4.4 %

USAA

    4.2 %

USAA

    4.1 %          

       In the personal property and casualty insurance market, we compete principally on the basis of the recognition of our brands, the scope of our distribution system, price, the breadth of our product offerings, product features, customer service, claim handling, and use of technology. In addition, our proprietary database of underwriting and pricing experience enables Allstate to use pricing sophistication to more accurately price risks and to cross sell products within our customer base.

       Pricing sophistication and related underwriting and marketing programs use a number of risk evaluation factors. For auto insurance, these factors can include but are not limited to vehicle make, model and year; driver age and marital status; territory; years licensed; loss history; years insured with prior carrier; prior liability limits; prior lapse in coverage; and insurance scoring based on credit report information. For property insurance, these factors can include but are not limited to amount of insurance purchased; geographic location of the property; loss history; age and construction characteristics of the property; and insurance scoring based on credit report information.

       Our primary focus in using pricing sophistication methods has been on acquiring and retaining new business. The aim has been to enhance Allstate's competitive position with respect to "target" market segments while maintaining or improving profitability. "Target customers" generally refers to consumers who want to purchase multiple products from one insurance provider including auto, homeowners and financial products, who have better retention and potentially present more favorable prospects for profitability over the course of their relationships with us. We provide and continue to enhance a range of discounts to attract more target customers. For example, we implemented an auto discount designed to attract and retain target customers. In many states, we also increased the discount our homeowners customers receive if they insure their automobiles with Allstate.

       Allstate Your Choice Auto® insurance allows qualified customers to choose from a variety of optional auto insurance packages at various prices. We believe that Allstate Your Choice Auto differentiates Allstate from its competitors and allows for increased growth and increased retention. Allstate Your Choice Home® allows qualified customers to choose from options such as a claim-free bonus and greater ability to tailor their own home insurance protection coverage. Allstate Blue® is our non-standard auto insurance product which offers features such as a loyalty bonus and roadside assistance coverage.

Geographic Markets

       The principal geographic markets for our auto, homeowners, and other personal property and casualty products are in the United States. Through various subsidiaries, we are authorized to sell various types of personal property and casualty insurance products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. We also sell personal property and casualty insurance products in Canada through a distribution system similar to that used in the United States.

2


       The following table reflects, in percentages, the principal geographic distribution of premiums earned for the Allstate Protection segment for the year ended December 31, 2010, based on information contained in statements filed with state insurance departments. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5 percent of the premiums earned for the segment.

New York

    10.7 %

California

    9.9 %

Texas

    9.4 %

Florida

    8.3 %

Pennsylvania

    5.3 %

       We continue to take actions to support earning an acceptable return on the risks assumed in our property business and to reduce variability in our earnings, while providing quality protection to our customers. Accordingly, we expect to continue to adjust underwriting practices with respect to our property business in markets with significant catastrophe risk exposure.

Additional Information

       Information regarding the last three years' revenues and income from operations attributable to the Allstate Protection segment is contained in Note 18 of the consolidated financial statements. Note 18 also includes information regarding the last three years' identifiable assets attributable to our property-liability operations, which includes our Allstate Protection segment and our Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment. Note 18 is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

       Information regarding the amount of premium earned for Allstate Protection segment products for the last three years is set forth in Part II, Item 7 – Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in the table regarding premiums earned by brand. That table is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

ALLSTATE FINANCIAL SEGMENT

Products and Distribution

       Our Allstate Financial segment provides life insurance, retirement and investment products, and voluntary accident and health insurance products. Our principal products are interest-sensitive, traditional and variable life insurance; fixed annuities including deferred and immediate; and voluntary accident and health insurance. Our institutional products, which we offer on an opportunistic basis, consist primarily of funding agreements sold to unaffiliated trusts that use them to back medium-term notes issued to institutional and individual investors. Banking products and services have been offered to customers through the Allstate Bank. The table on page 4 lists our major distribution channels for this segment, with the associated products and targeted customers.

       As the table indicates, we sell Allstate Financial products to individuals through multiple intermediary distribution channels, including Allstate exclusive agencies and exclusive financial specialists, independent agents, and specialized structured settlement brokers. Through March 31, 2010, we also sold products through banks and broker-dealers. Although we continue to service in force contracts sold through these distribution channels, we no longer solicit new sales through direct relationships with banks or broker-dealers. Certain of our master brokerage agencies and independent agents may continue to wholesale our products to banks and broker-dealers through their relationships. On February 8, 2011, we announced that we had reached an agreement to sell substantially all of the deposits of Allstate Bank to Discover Bank and our plans to enter into a multi-year distribution and marketing agreement whereby Discover Bank will provide banking products and services to Allstate customers in the future. Allstate Financial does not intend to originate banking products or services after the transaction closes, which is expected to be by mid-year 2011, pending regulatory approval.

       We sell products through independent agents affiliated with approximately 150 master brokerage agencies. Independent workplace enrolling agents and Allstate exclusive agencies also sell our voluntary accident and health insurance products primarily to employees of unaffiliated businesses. On an opportunistic basis, we sell funding agreements to unaffiliated trusts used to back medium-term notes.

3


Allstate Financial Distribution Channels, Products and Target Customers

Distribution Channel
  Proprietary Products   Target Customers
Allstate exclusive agencies
(Allstate Exclusive Agents and
Allstate Exclusive Financial Specialists)
  Term life insurance
Whole life insurance
Interest-sensitive life insurance
Variable life insurance
Deferred fixed annuities (including indexed and market value adjusted "MVA")
Immediate fixed annuities
Bank products
    (Certificates of deposit, money market accounts, savings
    accounts, checking accounts and Allstate Agency loans)
Workplace life and voluntary accident and health insurance(4)
  Middle market(1), emerging affluent(2) and mass affluent
consumers(3) with retirement and family financial protection needs

Independent agents
(through master brokerage agencies)

 

Term life insurance
Whole life insurance
Interest-sensitive life insurance
Variable life insurance
Deferred fixed annuities (including indexed and MVA)
Immediate fixed annuities

 

Emerging affluent and mass affluent consumers with retirement and family financial protection needs

Independent agents
(as workplace enrolling agents)

 

Workplace life and voluntary accident and health insurance(4)

 

Middle market consumers with family financial protection needs employed by small, medium, and large size firms

Structured settlement annuity brokers

 

Structured settlement annuities

 

Typically used to fund or annuitize large claims or litigation settlements

Broker-dealers
(Funding agreements)

 

Funding agreements backing medium-term notes

 

Institutional and individual investors

(1)
Consumers with $35,000-$75,000 in household income

(2)
Consumers with $75,000-$150,000 in household income

(3)
Consumers with greater than $150,000 in household income

(4)
Interest-sensitive and term life insurance; disability income insurance; cancer, accident, critical illness and heart/stroke insurance; hospital indemnity; limited benefit medical insurance; and dental insurance

       Allstate exclusive agencies and exclusive financial specialists also sell the following non-proprietary products in addition to Allstate Financial products: mutual funds, fixed and variable annuities, disability insurance, and long-term care insurance.

Competition

       We compete on a wide variety of factors, including the scope of our distribution systems, the type of our product offerings, the recognition of our brands, our financial strength and ratings, our differentiated product features and prices, and the level of customer service that we provide. With regard to funding agreements, we compete principally on the basis of our financial strength and ratings.

       The market for life insurance, retirement, and investment products continues to be highly fragmented and competitive. As of December 31, 2010, there were approximately 470 groups of life insurance companies in the United States, most of which offered one or more similar products. According to A.M. Best, as of December 31, 2009, the Allstate Financial segment is the nation's 16th largest issuer of life insurance and related business on the basis of 2009 ordinary life insurance in force and 21st largest on the basis of 2009 statutory admitted assets. In addition, because many of these products include a savings or investment component, our competition includes domestic and foreign securities firms, investment advisors, mutual funds, banks and other financial institutions. Competitive pressure continues to grow

4



due to several factors, including cross marketing alliances between unaffiliated businesses, as well as consolidation activity in the financial services industry.

Geographic Markets

       We sell life insurance, retirement and investment products, and voluntary accident and health insurance throughout the United States. Through subsidiaries, we are authorized to sell various types of these products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam. We also sell funding agreements in the United States.

       The following table reflects, in percentages, the principal geographic distribution of statutory premiums and annuity considerations for the Allstate Financial segment for the year ended December 31, 2010, based on information contained in statements filed with state insurance departments. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5 percent of the statutory premiums and annuity considerations.

California

    11.6 %

Florida

    8.3 %

Texas

    7.7 %

New York

    5.4 %

Nebraska

    5.1 %

Additional Information

       Information regarding the last three years' revenues and income from operations attributable to the Allstate Financial segment is contained in Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Note 18 also includes information regarding the last three years' identifiable assets attributable to the Allstate Financial segment. Note 18 is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

       Information regarding premiums and contract charges for Allstate Financial segment products for the last three years is set forth in Part II, Item 7 – Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in the table that summarizes premiums and contract charges by product. That table is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

OTHER BUSINESS SEGMENTS

       Our Corporate and Other segment is comprised of holding company activities and certain non-insurance operations. Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements contains information regarding the revenues, income from operations, and identifiable assets attributable to our Corporate and Other segment over the last three years.

       Our Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment includes results from insurance coverage that we no longer write and results for certain commercial and other businesses in run-off. Our exposure to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims arises in this segment. Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements contains information for the last three years regarding revenues, income from operations, and identifiable assets attributable to our property-liability operations, which includes both our Allstate Protection segment and our Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment. Note 18 is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

RESERVE FOR PROPERTY-LIABILITY CLAIMS AND CLAIMS EXPENSE

       The following information regarding reserves applies to all of our property-liability operations, encompassing both the Allstate Protection segment and the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment.

Reconciliation of Claims Reserves

       The following tables are summary reconciliations of the beginning and ending property-liability insurance claims and claims expense reserves, displayed individually for each of the last three years. The first table presents reserves on a gross (before reinsurance) basis. The end of year gross reserve balances are reflected in the Consolidated Statements

5



of Financial Position. The second table presents reserves on a net (after reinsurance) basis. The total net property-liability insurance claims and claims expense amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Gross
($ in millions)
  Year ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Gross reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense, beginning of year

  $ 19,167   $ 19,456   $ 18,865  

Incurred claims and claims expense

                   
 

Provision attributable to the current year

    19,327     19,111     20,381  
 

Change in provision attributable to prior years

    (105 )   50     303  
               
   

Total claims and claims expense

    19,222     19,161     20,684  

Claim payments

                   
 

Claims and claims expense attributable to current year

    12,087     12,002     12,941  
 

Claims and claims expense attributable to prior years

    6,834     7,448     7,152  
               
   

Total payments

    18,921     19,450     20,093  
               

Gross reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense, end of year as shown on the Loss Reserve Reestimates table

 
$

19,468
 
$

19,167
 
$

19,456
 
               

 

Net
  Year ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Net reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense, beginning of year

  $ 17,028   $ 17,182   $ 16,660  

Incurred claims and claims expense

                   
 

Provision attributable to the current year

    19,110     18,858     19,894  
 

Change in provision attributable to prior years

    (159 )   (112 )   170  
               
   

Total claims and claims expense

    18,951     18,746     20,064  

Claim payments

                   
 

Claims and claims expense attributable to current year

    12,012     11,905     12,658  
 

Claims and claims expense attributable to prior years

    6,571     6,995     6,884  
               
   

Total payments

    18,583     18,900     19,542  
               

Net reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense, end of year as shown on the Loss Reserve Reestimates table(1)

 
$

17,396
 
$

17,028
 
$

17,182
 
               

(1)
Reserves for claims and claims expense are net of reinsurance of $2.07 billion, $2.14 billion and $2.27 billion as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       The year-end 2010 gross reserves of $19.47 billion for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense, as determined under GAAP, were $3.33 billion more than the net reserve balance of $16.14 billion recorded on the basis of statutory accounting practices for reports provided to state regulatory authorities. The principal differences are reinsurance recoverables from third parties totaling $2.07 billion that reduce reserves for statutory reporting but are recorded as assets for GAAP reporting, and a liability for the reserves of the Canadian subsidiaries for $0.96 billion. Remaining differences are due to variations in requirements between GAAP and statutory reporting.

       As the tables above illustrate, Allstate's net reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense at the end of 2009 decreased in 2010 by $159 million, compared to reestimates of the gross reserves of a decrease of $105 million. Net reserve reestimates in 2010, 2009 and 2008 were more favorable than the gross reserve reestimates due to reinsurance cessions.

6


Loss Reserve Reestimates

       The following Loss Reserve Reestimates table illustrates the change over time of the net reserves established for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense at the end of the last eleven calendar years. The first section shows the reserves as originally reported at the end of the stated year. The second section, reading down, shows the cumulative amounts paid as of the end of successive years with respect to that reserve liability. The third section, reading down, shows retroactive reestimates of the original recorded reserve as of the end of each successive year which is the result of Allstate's expanded awareness of additional facts and circumstances that pertain to the unsettled claims. The last section compares the latest reestimated reserve to the reserve originally established, and indicates whether the original reserve was adequate to cover the estimated costs of unsettled claims. The table also presents the gross reestimated liability as of the end of the latest reestimation period, with separate disclosure of the related reestimated reinsurance recoverable. The Loss Reserve Reestimates table is cumulative and, therefore, ending balances should not be added since the amount at the end of each calendar year includes activity for both the current and prior years. Unfavorable reserve reestimates are shown in this table in parentheses.

($ in millions)
  Loss Reserve Reestimates
December 31,
 
 
  2000
& prior
  2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   2009   2010  

Gross reserves for unpaid claims and claims Expense

  $ 16,859   $ 16,500   $ 16,690   $ 17,714   $ 19,338   $ 22,117   $ 18,866   $ 18,865   $ 19,456   $ 19,167   $ 19,468  

Reinsurance recoverable

   
1,634
   
1,667
   
1,672
   
1,734
   
2,577
   
3,186
   
2,256
   
2,205
   
2,274
   
2,139
   
2,072
 
                                               

Reserve for unpaid claims and claims expense

    15,225     14,833     15,018     15,980     16,761     18,931     16,610     16,660     17,182     17,028     17,396  

Paid (cumulative) as of:

                                                                   
 

One year later

    6,748     6,874     6,275     6,073     6,665     7,952     6,684     6,884     6,995     6,571        
 

Two years later

    10,066     9,931     9,241     9,098     9,587     11,293     9,957     9,852     10,069              
 

Three years later

    11,889     11,730     11,165     10,936     11,455     13,431     11,837     11,761                    
 

Four years later

    12,967     12,949     12,304     12,088     12,678     14,608     12,990                          
 

Five years later

    13,768     13,648     13,032     12,866     13,374     15,325                                
 

Six years later

    14,255     14,135     13,583     13,326     13,866                                      
 

Seven years later

    14,617     14,558     13,928     13,703                                            
 

Eight years later

    14,945     14,829     14,243                                                  
 

Nine years later

    15,157     15,099                                                        
 

Ten years later

    15,402                                                              

Reserve reestimated as of:

                                                                   
 

End of year

    15,225     14,833     15,018     15,980     16,761     18,931     16,610     16,660     17,182     17,028     17,396  
 

One year later

    15,567     15,518     15,419     15,750     16,293     17,960     16,438     16,830     17,070     16,869        
 

Two years later

    15,900     16,175     15,757     15,677     16,033     17,876     16,633     17,174     17,035              
 

Three years later

    16,625     16,696     15,949     15,721     16,213     18,162     17,135     17,185                    
 

Four years later

    17,249     16,937     16,051     15,915     16,337     18,805     17,238                          
 

Five years later

    17,501     17,041     16,234     16,027     16,895     19,014                                
 

Six years later

    17,633     17,207     16,351     16,496     17,149                                      
 

Seven years later

    17,804     17,321     16,778     16,763                                            
 

Eight years later

    17,885     17,701     17,062                                                  
 

Nine years later

    18,205     17,991                                                        
 

Ten years later

    18,495                                                              

Initial reserve in excess of (less than) reestimated reserve:

                                                                   
 

Amount of reestimate

    (3,270 )   (3,158 )   (2,044 )   (783 )   (388 )   (83 )   (628 )   (525 )   147     159        
 

Percent

    (21.5 )%   (21.3 )%   (13.6 )%   (4.9 )%   (2.3 )%   (0.4 )%   (3.8 )%   (3.2 )%   0.9 %   0.9 %      

Gross reestimated liability-latest

   
21,861
   
21,334
   
20,391
   
19,910
   
20,542
   
22,838
   
19,963
   
19,756
   
19,526
   
19,062
       

Reestimated recoverable-latest

    3,366     3,343     3,329     3,147     3,393     3,824     2,725     2,571     2,491     2,193        
                                                 

Net reestimated liability-latest

    18,495     17,991     17,062     16,763     17,149     19,014     17,238     17,185     17,035     16,869        

Gross cumulative reestimate (increase) decrease

  $ (5,002 ) $ (4,834 ) $ (3,701 ) $ (2,196 ) $ (1,204 ) $ (721 ) $ (1,097 ) $ (891 ) $ (70 ) $ 105        
                                                 

7



($ in millions)
 
  Amount of reestimates for each segment
December 31,
 
 
  2000
& prior
  2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   2009  

Net Discontinued Lines and Coverages reestimate

  $ (1,882 ) $ (1,856 ) $ (1,625 ) $ (1,051 ) $ (416 ) $ (249 ) $ (117 ) $ (70 ) $ (52 ) $ (28 )

Net Allstate Protection reestimate

    (1,388 )   (1,302 )   (419 )   268     28     166     (511 )   (455 )   199     187  
                                           

Amount of reestimate (net)

  $ (3,270 ) $ (3,158 ) $ (2,044 ) $ (783 ) $ (388 ) $ (83 ) $ (628 ) $ (525 ) $ 147   $ 159  
                                           

       As shown in the above table, the subsequent cumulative increase in the net reserves established up to December 31, 2004, in general, reflect additions to reserves in the Discontinued Lines and Coverages Segment, primarily for asbestos and environmental liabilities, which offset the effects of favorable severity trends experienced by Allstate Protection, as discussed more fully below. The cumulative increases in reserves established as of December 31, 2006 and 2007 are due to the shift of reserves to older accident years attributable to a reallocation of reserves related to employee postretirement benefits to more accident years, and a reclassification of injury and 2008 non-injury reserves to older years which occurred in 2009 as discussed below.

       The following table is derived from the Loss Reserve Reestimates table and summarizes the effect of reserve reestimates, net of reinsurance, on calendar year operations for the ten-year period ended December 31, 2010. The total of each column details the amount of reserve reestimates made in the indicated calendar year and shows the accident years to which the reestimates are applicable. The amounts in the total accident year column on the far right represent the cumulative reserve reestimates for the indicated accident year(s). Favorable reserve reestimates are shown in this table in parentheses. Since December 31, 2003, the changes in total have generally been favorable other than 2008 which was adversely impacted due to litigation filed in conjunction with a Louisiana deadline for filing suits related to Hurricane Katrina, as shown and discussed more fully below.

($ in millions)
 

  Effect of net reserve reestimates on
calendar year operations
 
 
  2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   2009   2010   Total  

BY ACCIDENT YEAR

                                                                   

2000 & prior

  $ 342   $ 333   $ 725   $ 624   $ 252   $ 132   $ 171   $ 80   $ 320   $ 291   $ 3,270  

2001

          352     (68 )   (103 )   (11 )   (28 )   (5 )   33     59     (1 )   228  

2002

                (256 )   (183 )   (49 )   (2 )   18     3     47     (6 )   (428 )

2003

                      (568 )   (265 )   (58 )   11     (4 )   43     (17 )   (858 )

2004

                            (395 )   (304 )   (14 )   12     90     (13 )   (624 )

2005

                                  (711 )   (264 )   162     84     (45 )   (774 )

2006

                                        (89 )   (91 )   (141 )   (106 )   (427 )

2007

                                              (25 )   (158 )   (92 )   (275 )

2008

                                                    (456 )   (46 )   (502 )

2009

                                                          (124 )   (124 )
                                               

TOTAL

  $ 342   $ 685   $ 401   $ (230 ) $ (468 ) $ (971 ) $ (172 ) $ 170   $ (112 ) $ (159 ) $ (514 )
                                               

       In 2010, favorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection catastrophe losses and auto severity development that were less than anticipated in previous estimates, partially offset by litigation settlements. The increased reserves in accident years 2000 & prior is due to the litigation settlements of $100 million, a reclassification of injury reserves to older years and reserve strengthening.

       In 2009, favorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection catastrophe losses that were less than anticipated in previous estimates. The shift of reserves to older accident years is attributable to a reallocation of reserves related to employee postretirement benefits to more accident years, and a reclassification of injury and 2008 non-injury reserves to older years.

       In 2008, unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection catastrophe losses that were more than anticipated in previous estimates.

       In 2007, favorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection auto severity development that was less than what was anticipated in previous estimates. Decreased reserve reestimates for Allstate Protection more than offset increased reestimates of losses primarily related to environmental liabilities reported by the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment.

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       In 2006, 2005 and 2004, favorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection auto injury severity and late reported loss development that was less than what was anticipated in previous reserve estimates and in 2006, also by catastrophe losses that were less than anticipated in previous estimates. Decreased reserve reestimates for Allstate Protection more than offset increased reestimates of losses primarily related to asbestos liabilities reported by the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment.

       In 2003, unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates were due to increases primarily related to asbestos and other discontinued lines, partially offset by favorable Allstate Protection auto injury severity and late reported loss development that was better than previous estimates.

       In 2002, unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates were due to claim severity and late reported losses for Allstate Protection that were greater than what was anticipated in previous reserve estimates and to increased estimates of losses primarily related to asbestos and environmental liabilities in the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment.

       In 2001, unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates were due to greater volume of late reported weather related losses than expected from the end of the year 2000 which were reported in the year 2001, additional incurred losses on the 1994 Northridge earthquake, adverse results of class action and other litigation, upward reestimates of property losses and upward reestimates of losses in the Encompass and Canadian businesses.

       For additional information regarding reserves, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves."

REGULATION

       Allstate is subject to extensive regulation, primarily at the state level. The method, extent, and substance of such regulation varies by state but generally has its source in statutes that establish standards and requirements for conducting the business of insurance and that delegate regulatory authority to a state regulatory agency. In general, such regulation is intended for the protection of those who purchase or use insurance products issued by our subsidiaries, not the holders of securities issued by The Allstate Corporation. These rules have a substantial effect on our business and relate to a wide variety of matters, including insurance company licensing and examination, agent and adjuster licensing, price setting, trade practices, policy forms, statutory accounting methods, corporate governance, the nature and amount of investments, claims practices, participation in shared markets and guaranty funds, reserve adequacy, insurer solvency, transactions with affiliates, the payment of dividends, and underwriting standards. Some of these matters are discussed in more detail below. For a discussion of statutory financial information, see Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. For a discussion of regulatory contingencies, see Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Notes 13 and 15 are incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

       In recent years, the state insurance regulatory framework has come under increased federal scrutiny. Legislation that would provide for increased federal regulation of insurance, including the federal chartering of insurance companies, has been proposed. Moreover, as part of an effort to strengthen the regulation of the financial services market, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act was enacted. Hundreds of regulations must be promulgated and implemented pursuant to this new law, and we cannot predict what the final regulations will require but do not expect a material impact on Allstate's operations. The new law also creates the Federal Office of Insurance ("FIO") within the Treasury Department. The FIO will monitor the insurance industry, provide advice to the new Financial Stability Oversight Council, represent the U.S. on international insurance matters and study the current regulatory system and submit a report to Congress in 2012. In addition, state legislators and insurance regulators continue to examine the appropriate nature and scope of state insurance regulation. We cannot predict whether any specific state or federal measures will be adopted to change the nature or scope of the regulation of insurance or what effect any such measures would have on Allstate. We are working for changes in the regulatory environment, including recognizing the need for and improving appropriate risk based pricing and promoting the creation of government sponsored, privately funded solutions for mega-catastrophes. While the actions that we take will be primarily focused on reducing the catastrophe exposure in our property business, we also consider their impact on our ability to market our auto lines.

       Agent and Broker Compensation.    In recent years, several states considered new legislation or regulations regarding the compensation of agents and brokers by insurance companies. The proposals ranged in nature from new disclosure requirements to new duties on insurance agents and brokers in dealing with customers. New disclosure requirements have been imposed in certain circumstances upon some agents and brokers in several states.

       Limitations on Dividends By Insurance Subsidiaries.    As a holding company with no significant business operations of its own, The Allstate Corporation relies on dividends from Allstate Insurance Company as one of the principal sources

9



of cash to pay dividends and to meet its obligations, including the payment of principal and interest on debt. Allstate Insurance Company is regulated as an insurance company in Illinois and its ability to pay dividends is restricted by Illinois law. For additional information regarding those restrictions, see Part II, Item 5 of this report. The laws of the other jurisdictions that generally govern our other insurance subsidiaries contain similar limitations on the payment of dividends and in some jurisdictions the laws may be more restrictive.

       Insurance Holding Company Regulation.    The Allstate Corporation and Allstate Insurance Company are insurance holding companies subject to regulation in the jurisdictions in which their insurance subsidiaries do business. In the U.S., these subsidiaries are organized under the insurance codes of Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New York, and Texas, and some of these subsidiaries are considered commercially domiciled in California, Florida, and Utah. Generally, the insurance codes in these states provide that the acquisition or change of "control" of a domestic or commercially domiciled insurer or of any person that controls such an insurer cannot be consummated without the prior approval of the relevant insurance regulator. In general, a presumption of "control" arises from the ownership, control, possession with the power to vote, or possession of proxies with respect to, ten percent or more of the voting securities of an insurer or of a person that controls an insurer. In addition, certain state insurance laws require pre-acquisition notification to state agencies of a change in control with respect to a non-domestic insurance company licensed to do business in that state. While such pre-acquisition notification statutes do not authorize the state agency to disapprove the change of control, such statutes do authorize certain remedies, including the issuance of a cease and desist order with respect to the non-domestic insurer if certain conditions exist, such as undue market concentration. Thus, any transaction involving the acquisition of ten percent or more of The Allstate Corporation's common stock would generally require prior approval by the state insurance departments in California, Illinois, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New York, Texas, and Utah. The prior approval of the Florida insurance department would be necessary for the acquisition of five percent or more. Moreover, notification would be required in those other states that have adopted pre-acquisition notification provisions and where the insurance subsidiaries are admitted to transact business. Such approval requirements may deter, delay, or prevent certain transactions affecting the ownership of The Allstate Corporation's common stock.

       Price Regulation.    Nearly all states have insurance laws requiring personal property and casualty insurers to file price schedules, policy or coverage forms, and other information with the state's regulatory authority. In many cases, such price schedules, policy forms, or both must be approved prior to use. While they vary from state to state, the objectives of the pricing laws are generally the same: a price cannot be excessive, inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory.

       The speed with which an insurer can change prices in response to competition or in response to increasing costs depends, in part, on whether the pricing laws are (i) prior approval, (ii) file-and-use, or (iii) use-and-file laws. In states having prior approval laws, the regulator must approve a price before the insurer may use it. In states having file-and-use laws, the insurer does not have to wait for the regulator's approval to use a price, but the price must be filed with the regulatory authority prior to being used. A use-and-file law requires an insurer to file prices within a certain period of time after the insurer begins using them. Eighteen states, including California and New York, have prior approval laws. Under all three types of pricing laws, the regulator has the authority to disapprove a price subsequent to its filing.

       An insurer's ability to adjust its prices in response to competition or to increasing costs is often dependent on an insurer's ability to demonstrate to the regulator that its pricing or proposed pricing meets the requirements of the pricing laws. In those states that significantly restrict an insurer's discretion in selecting the business that it wants to underwrite, an insurer can manage its risk of loss by charging a price that reflects the cost and expense of providing the insurance. In those states that significantly restrict an insurer's ability to charge a price that reflects the cost and expense of providing the insurance, the insurer can manage its risk of loss by being more selective in the type of business it underwrites. When a state significantly restricts both underwriting and pricing, it becomes more difficult for an insurer to maintain its profitability.

       Changes in Allstate's claim settlement process may require Allstate to actuarially adjust loss information used in its pricing process. Some state insurance regulatory authorities may not approve price increases that give full effect to these adjustments.

       From time to time, the private passenger auto insurance industry comes under pressure from state regulators, legislators, and special interest groups to reduce, freeze, or set prices at levels that do not correspond with our analysis of underlying costs and expenses. Homeowners insurance comes under similar pressure, particularly as regulators in states subject to high levels of catastrophe losses struggle to identify an acceptable methodology to price for catastrophe exposure. We expect this kind of pressure to persist. In addition, our use of insurance scoring based on credit report information for underwriting and pricing has been the subject of challenges and investigations by

10



regulators, legislators, and special interest groups. The result could be legislation or regulation that adversely affects the profitability of the Allstate Protection segment. We cannot predict the impact on our business of possible future legislative and regulatory measures regarding pricing.

       Involuntary Markets.    As a condition of maintaining our licenses to write personal property and casualty insurance in various states, we are required to participate in assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities, and joint underwriting associations that provide various types of insurance coverage to individuals or entities that otherwise are unable to purchase such coverage from private insurers. Underwriting results related to these arrangements, which tend to be adverse, have been immaterial to our results of operations.

       Guaranty Funds.    Under state insurance guaranty fund laws, insurers doing business in a state can be assessed, up to prescribed limits, in order to cover certain obligations of insolvent insurance companies.

       National Flood Insurance Program.    We voluntarily participate as a Write Your Own carrier in the National Flood Insurance Program ("NFIP"). The NFIP is administered and regulated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. We operate as a fiscal agent of the federal government in the selling and administering of the Standard Flood Insurance Policy. This involves the collection of premiums belonging to the federal government and the paying of covered claims by directly drawing on funds of the United States Treasury. We receive expense allowances from the NFIP for underwriting administration, claims management, commissions and adjuster fees.

       Investment Regulation.    Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to regulations that require investment portfolio diversification and that limit the amount of investment in certain categories. Failure to comply with these rules leads to the treatment of non-conforming investments as non-admitted assets for purposes of measuring statutory surplus. Further, in some instances, these rules require divestiture of non-conforming investments.

       Exiting Geographic Markets; Canceling and Non-Renewing Policies.    Most states regulate an insurer's ability to exit a market. For example, states limit, to varying degrees, an insurer's ability to cancel and non-renew policies. Some states prohibit an insurer from withdrawing one or more types of insurance business from the state, except pursuant to a plan that is approved by the state insurance department. Regulations that limit cancellation and non-renewal and that subject withdrawal plans to prior approval requirements may restrict an insurer's ability to exit unprofitable markets.

       Variable Life Insurance and Registered Fixed Annuities.    The sale and administration of variable life insurance and registered fixed annuities with market value adjustment features are subject to extensive regulatory oversight at the federal and state level, including regulation and supervision by the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA").

       Broker-Dealers, Investment Advisors, and Investment Companies.    The Allstate entities that operate as broker-dealers, registered investment advisors, and investment companies are subject to regulation and supervision by the Securities and Exchange Commission, FINRA and/or, in some cases, state securities administrators.

       Banking.    The Allstate Corporation is a diversified unitary savings and loan holding company for Allstate Bank, a federal stock savings bank and a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). The principal supervisory authority for the diversified savings and loan holding company activities and the bank is the Office of Thrift Supervision ("OTS"). We are subject to OTS regulation, examination, supervision, and reporting requirements and its enforcement authority. Among other things, this permits the OTS to restrict or prohibit activities that are determined to be a serious risk to the financial safety, soundness, and stability of Allstate Bank. The bank is also subject to the authority of the FDIC and other federal financial regulators implementing various laws applicable to banking. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank Act") provides for the regulation and supervision of federal savings banks like Allstate Bank to be transferred to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC"), the agency that regulates national banks. The OCC will assume primary responsibility for implementing and enforcing many of the laws and regulations applicable to federal savings banks. The transfer will occur over a transition period of up to one year, subject to a possible six month extension. At the same time, the responsibility for supervising savings and loan holding companies will be transferred to the Federal Reserve Board, which is the agency that regulates bank holding companies. The Dodd-Frank Act also provides for the creation of a new agency, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, as an independent bureau of the Federal Reserve Board, to take over the implementation of federal consumer financial protection and fair lending laws from the depository institution regulators. However, institutions of $10 billion or less in assets will continue to be examined for compliance with such laws and regulations by, and subject to the enforcement authority of, the applicable regulator rather than the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.

       Privacy Regulation.    Federal law and the laws of many states require financial institutions to protect the security and confidentiality of customer information and to notify customers about their policies and practices relating to

11



collection and disclosure of customer information and their policies relating to protecting the security and confidentiality of that information. Federal law and the laws of many states also regulate disclosures and disposal of customer information. Congress, state legislatures, and regulatory authorities are expected to consider additional regulation relating to privacy and other aspects of customer information.

       Asbestos.    Congress has considered legislation to address asbestos claims and litigation in the past, but unified support among various defendant and insurer groups considered essential to any possible reform has been lacking. We cannot predict the impact on our business of possible future legislative measures regarding asbestos.

       Environmental.    Environmental pollution and clean-up of polluted waste sites is the subject of both federal and state regulation. The Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 ("Superfund") and comparable state statutes ("mini-Superfund") govern the clean-up and restoration of waste sites by Potentially Responsible Parties ("PRPs"). Superfund and the mini-Superfunds (Environmental Clean-up Laws or "ECLs") establish a mechanism to assign liability to PRPs or to fund the clean-up of waste sites if PRPs fail to do so. The extent of liability to be allocated to a PRP is dependent on a variety of factors. By some estimates, there are thousands of potential waste sites subject to clean-up, but the exact number is unknown. The extent of clean-up necessary and the process of assigning liability remain in dispute. The insurance industry is involved in extensive litigation regarding coverage issues arising out of the clean-up of waste sites by insured PRPs and the insured parties' alleged liability to third parties responsible for the clean-up. The insurance industry, including Allstate, has disputed and is disputing many such claims. Key coverage issues include whether Superfund response, investigation, and clean-up costs are considered damages under the policies; trigger of coverage; the applicability of several types of pollution exclusions; proper notice of claims; whether administrative liability triggers the duty to defend; appropriate allocation of liability among triggered insurers; and whether the liability in question falls within the definition of an "occurrence." Identical coverage issues exist for clean-up and waste sites not covered under Superfund. To date, courts have been inconsistent in their rulings on these issues. Allstate's exposure to liability with regard to its insureds that have been, or may be, named as PRPs is uncertain. While comprehensive Superfund reform proposals have been introduced in Congress, only modest reform measures have been enacted.

INTERNET WEBSITE

       Our Internet website address is allstate.com. The Allstate Corporation's annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to such reports that we file or furnish pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available through our Internet website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, our corporate governance guidelines, our code of ethics, and the charters of our Audit Committee, Compensation and Succession Committee, and Nominating and Governance Committee are available on our website and in print to any stockholder who requests copies by contacting Investor Relations, The Allstate Corporation, 2775 Sanders Road, Northbrook, Illinois 60062-6127, 1-800-416-8803.

OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT ALLSTATE

       As of December 31, 2010, Allstate had approximately 35,000 full-time employees and 700 part-time employees.

       Information regarding revenues generated outside of the United States is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference to Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

       Allstate's four business segments use shared services, including human resources, investment, finance, information technology and legal services, provided by Allstate Insurance Company and other affiliates.

       Although the insurance business generally is not seasonal, claims and claims expense for the Allstate Protection segment tend to be higher for periods of severe or inclement weather.

       "Allstate" is one of the most recognized brand names in the United States. We use the names "Allstate," "Encompass," and "Lincoln Benefit Life" extensively in our business, along with related service marks, logos, and slogans, such as "Good Hands." Our rights in the United States to these names, service marks, logos, and slogans continue so long as we continue to use them in commerce. These service marks and many others used by Allstate are the subject of renewable U.S. and/or foreign service mark registrations. We believe that these service marks are important to our business and we intend to maintain our rights to them through continued use.

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Executive Officers

       The following table sets forth the names of our executive officers, their ages as of February 1, 2011, their positions, and the years of their first election as officers. "AIC" refers to Allstate Insurance Company.

Name
  Age  
Position/Offices
 
Year First
Elected
Officer
 

Thomas J. Wilson

    53   Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer of The Allstate Corporation; Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer of AIC.     1995  

Catherine S. Brune

   

57

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Chief Information Officer).

   

1999

 

Don Civgin

   

49

 

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of The Allstate Corporation; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of AIC.

   

2008

 

James D. DeVries

   

47

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Human Resources).

   

2008

 

Judith P. Greffin

   

50

 

Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer of AIC.

   

2002

 

Joseph P. Lacher, Jr. 

   

41

 

President Allstate Protection – Senior Vice President of AIC.

   

2009

 

Mark R. LaNeve

   

51

 

Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer of AIC.

   

2009

 

Michele C. Mayes

   

61

 

Senior Vice President and General Counsel of The Allstate Corporation; Senior Vice President and General Counsel of AIC (Chief Legal Officer).

   

2007

 

Samuel H. Pilch

   

64

 

Controller of The Allstate Corporation; Group Vice President and Controller of AIC.

   

1995

 

Michael J. Roche

   

59

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Claims).

   

2003

 

Steven P. Sorenson

   

46

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Allstate Protection Product Operations).

   

2000

 

Joan H. Walker

   

63

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Corporate Relations).

   

2005

 

Matthew E. Winter

   

54

 

President and Chief Executive Officer Allstate Financial – Senior Vice President of AIC.

   

2009

 

       Each of the officers named above may be removed from office at any time, with or without cause, by the board of directors of the relevant company.

       With the exception of Messrs. Civgin, DeVries, Lacher, LaNeve, and Winter, and Ms. Mayes, these officers have held the listed positions for at least the last five years or have served Allstate in various executive or administrative capacities for at least five years.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2008, Mr. Civgin was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of OfficeMax, Incorporated and served in that position since 2005.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2008, Mr. DeVries served as Senior Vice President of Human Resources at Principal Financial Group since 2000.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2009, Mr. Lacher served in various executive officer positions for The Travelers Companies, Inc. since 2002.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2009, Mr. LaNeve served as Vice President of Sales, Service and Marketing of General Motors Corporation since 2004.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2009, Mr. Winter served as Vice Chairman of American International Group ("AIG") in 2009, President and Chief Executive Officer of AIG American General Domestic Life Companies since 2006, and Executive Vice President of Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company since 1996.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2007, Ms. Mayes served as Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Pitney Bowes since 2003.

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Item 1A.  Risk Factors

       This document contains "forward-looking statements" that anticipate results based on our estimates, assumptions and plans that are subject to uncertainty. These statements are made subject to the safe-harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events or developments.

       These forward-looking statements do not relate strictly to historical or current facts and may be identified by their use of words like "plans," "seeks," "expects," "will," "should," "anticipates," "estimates," "intends," "believes," "likely," "targets" and other words with similar meanings. These statements may address, among other things, our strategy for growth, catastrophe exposure management, product development, investment results, regulatory approvals, market position, expenses, financial results, litigation and reserves. We believe that these statements are based on reasonable estimates, assumptions and plans. However, if the estimates, assumptions or plans underlying the forward-looking statements prove inaccurate or if other risks or uncertainties arise, actual results could differ materially from those communicated in these forward-looking statements.

       In addition to the normal risks of business, we are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including those listed below, which apply to us as an insurer and a provider of other financial services. These risks constitute our cautionary statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and readers should carefully review such cautionary statements as they identify certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements and historical trends. These cautionary statements are not exclusive and are in addition to other factors discussed elsewhere in this document, in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") or in materials incorporated therein by reference.

Risks Relating to the Property-Liability business

As a property and casualty insurer, we may face significant losses from catastrophes and severe weather events

       Because of the exposure of our property and casualty business to catastrophic events, our operating results and financial condition may vary significantly from one period to the next. Catastrophes can be caused by various natural and man-made disasters, including earthquakes, volcanoes, wildfires, tornadoes, hurricanes, tropical storms and certain types of terrorism. We may incur catastrophe losses in our auto and property business in excess of: (1) those experienced in prior years, (2) those that we project would be incurred based on hurricane and earthquake losses which have a one percent probability of occurring on an annual aggregate countrywide basis, (3) those that external modeling firms estimate would be incurred based on other levels of probability, (4) the average expected level used in pricing or (5) our current reinsurance coverage limits. Despite our catastrophe management programs, we are exposed to catastrophes that could have a material adverse effect on operating results and financial condition. For example, our historical catastrophe experience includes losses relating to Hurricane Katrina in 2005 totaling $3.6 billion, the Northridge earthquake of 1994 totaling $2.1 billion and Hurricane Andrew in 1992 totaling $2.3 billion. We are also exposed to assessments from the California Earthquake Authority and various state-created catastrophe insurance facilities, and to losses that could surpass the capitalization of these facilities. Our liquidity could be constrained by a catastrophe, or multiple catastrophes, which result in extraordinary losses or a downgrade of our debt or financial strength ratings.

       In addition, we are subject to claims arising from weather events such as winter storms, rain, hail and high winds. The incidence and severity of weather conditions are largely unpredictable. There is generally an increase in the frequency and severity of auto and property claims when severe weather conditions occur.

The nature and level of catastrophes in any period cannot be predicted and could be material to our operating results and financial condition

       Along with others in the industry, we use models developed by third party vendors in assessing our property exposure to catastrophe losses. These models assume various conditions and probability scenarios. Such models do not necessarily accurately predict future losses or accurately measure losses currently incurred. Catastrophe models, which have been evolving since the early 1990s, use historical information about hurricanes and earthquakes and also utilize detailed information about our in-force business. While we use this information in connection with our pricing and risk management activities, there are limitations with respect to its usefulness in predicting losses in any reporting period. These limitations are evident in significant variations in estimates between models and modelers, material increases and decreases in model results due to changes and refinements of the underlying data elements, assumptions which lead to questionable predictive capability, and actual event conditions that have not been well understood previously

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and not incorporated into the models. In addition, the models are not necessarily reflective of actual demand surge, loss adjustment expenses and the occurrence of mold losses, which are subject to wide variation by event or location.

Impacts of catastrophes and our catastrophe management strategy may adversely affect premium growth

       Due to our catastrophe risk management efforts, the size of our homeowners business has been negatively impacted and may continue to be negatively impacted if we take further actions. Homeowners premium growth rates and retention could be more adversely impacted than we expect by adjustments to our business structure, size and underwriting practices in markets with significant catastrophe risk exposure. In addition, due to the diminished potential for cross-selling opportunities, new business growth in our auto lines could be lower than expected.

Unanticipated increases in the severity or frequency of claims may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition

       Changes in the severity or frequency of claims may affect the profitability of our Allstate Protection segment. Changes in bodily injury claim severity are driven primarily by inflation in the medical sector of the economy and litigation. Changes in auto physical damage claim severity are driven primarily by inflation in auto repair costs, auto parts prices and used car prices. Changes in homeowners claim severity are driven by inflation in the construction industry, in building materials and in home furnishings, and by other economic and environmental factors, including increased demand for services and supplies in areas affected by catastrophes. However, changes in the level of the severity of claims are not limited to the effects of inflation and demand surge in these various sectors of the economy. Increases in claim severity can arise from unexpected events that are inherently difficult to predict. Examples of such events include a decision in 2001 by the Georgia Supreme Court which held that diminished value coverage was included in auto policies under Georgia law and the emergence of mold-related homeowners losses in the state of Texas during 2002. Although we pursue various loss management initiatives in the Allstate Protection segment in order to mitigate future increases in claim severity, there can be no assurances that these initiatives will successfully identify or reduce the effect of future increases in claim severity.

       Our Allstate Protection segment may experience volatility in claim frequency from time to time, and short-term trends may not continue over the longer term. A spike in gas prices and a significant decline in miles driven, both of which occurred in 2008, are examples of factors contributing to a short-term frequency change. A significant increase in claim frequency could have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Actual claims incurred may exceed current reserves established for claims and may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition

       Recorded claim reserves in the Property-Liability business are based on our best estimates of losses, both reported and incurred but not reported ("IBNR"), after considering known facts and interpretations of circumstances. Internal factors are considered including our experience with similar cases, actual claims paid, historical trends involving claim payment patterns, pending levels of unpaid claims, loss management programs, product mix and contractual terms. External factors are also considered which include, but are not limited to, law changes, court decisions, changes to regulatory requirements and economic conditions. Because reserves are estimates of the unpaid portion of losses that have occurred, including IBNR losses, the establishment of appropriate reserves, including reserves for catastrophes, is an inherently uncertain and complex process. The ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded reserves and such variance may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

Predicting claim expense relating to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines is inherently uncertain and may have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition

       The process of estimating asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines liabilities is complicated by complex legal issues concerning, among other things, the interpretation of various insurance policy provisions and whether those losses are covered, or were ever intended to be covered, and whether losses could be recoverable through retrospectively determined premium, reinsurance or other contractual agreements. Asbestos-related bankruptcies and other asbestos litigation are complex, lengthy proceedings that involve substantial uncertainty for insurers. Actuarial techniques and databases used in estimating asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines net loss reserves may prove to be inadequate indicators of the extent of probable loss. Ultimate net losses from these discontinued lines could materially exceed established loss reserves and expected recoveries and have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

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Regulation limiting rate increases and requiring us to underwrite business and participate in loss sharing arrangements may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition

       From time to time, political events and positions affect the insurance market, including efforts to suppress rates to a level that may not allow us to reach targeted levels of profitability. For example, if Allstate Protection's loss ratio compares favorably to that of the industry, state regulatory authorities may impose rate rollbacks, require us to pay premium refunds to policyholders, or resist or delay our efforts to raise rates even if the property and casualty industry generally is not experiencing regulatory resistance to rate increases. Such resistance affects our ability, in all product lines, to obtain approval for rate changes that may be required to achieve targeted levels of profitability and returns on equity. Our ability to afford reinsurance required to reduce our catastrophe risk in designated areas may be dependent upon the ability to adjust rates for its cost.

       In addition to regulating rates, certain states have enacted laws that require a property-liability insurer conducting business in that state to participate in assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities and joint underwriting associations or require the insurer to offer coverage to all consumers, often restricting an insurer's ability to charge the price it might otherwise charge. In these markets, we may be compelled to underwrite significant amounts of business at lower than desired rates, possibly leading to an unacceptable return on equity, or as the facilities recognize a financial deficit, they may in turn have the ability to assess participating insurers, adversely affecting our results of operations and financial condition. Laws and regulations of many states also limit an insurer's ability to withdraw from one or more lines of insurance in the state, except pursuant to a plan that is approved by the state insurance department. Additionally, certain states require insurers to participate in guaranty funds for impaired or insolvent insurance companies. These funds periodically assess losses against all insurance companies doing business in the state. Our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected by any of these factors.

The potential benefits of our sophisticated risk segmentation process may not be fully realized

       We believe that pricing sophistication and underwriting (including Strategic Risk Management which, in some situations, considers information that is obtained from credit reports among other factors) has allowed us to be more competitive and operate more profitably. However, because many of our competitors have adopted underwriting criteria and sophisticated pricing models similar to those we use and because other competitors may follow suit, our competitive advantage could decline or be lost. Further, the use of insurance scoring from information that is obtained from credit reports as a factor in underwriting and pricing has at times been challenged by regulators, legislators, litigants and special interest groups in various states. Competitive pressures could also force us to modify our pricing sophistication model. Furthermore, we cannot be assured that these pricing sophistication models will accurately reflect the level of losses that we will ultimately incur.

Allstate Protection's operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected by the cyclical nature of the property and casualty business

       The property and casualty market is cyclical and has experienced periods characterized by relatively high levels of price competition, less restrictive underwriting standards and relatively low premium rates, followed by periods of relatively lower levels of competition, more selective underwriting standards and relatively high premium rates. A downturn in the profitability cycle of the property and casualty business could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Risks Relating to the Allstate Financial Segment

Changes in underwriting and actual experience could materially affect profitability and financial condition

       Our product pricing includes long-term assumptions regarding investment returns, mortality, morbidity, persistency and operating costs and expenses of the business. We establish target returns for each product based upon these factors and the average amount of capital that we must hold to support in-force contracts taking into account rating agencies and regulatory requirements. We monitor and manage our pricing and overall sales mix to achieve target new business returns on a portfolio basis, which could result in the discontinuation or de-emphasis of products or distribution relationships and a decline in sales. Profitability from new business emerges over a period of years depending on the nature and life of the product and is subject to variability as actual results may differ from pricing assumptions. Additionally, many of our products have fixed or guaranteed terms that limit our ability to increase revenues or reduce benefits, including credited interest, once the product has been issued.

       Our profitability in this segment depends on the adequacy of investment spreads, the management of market and credit risks associated with investments, the sufficiency of premiums and contract charges to cover mortality and morbidity benefits, the persistency of policies to ensure recovery of acquisition expenses, and the management of

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operating costs and expenses within anticipated pricing allowances. Legislation and regulation of the insurance marketplace and products could also affect our profitability and financial condition.

Changes in reserve estimates may adversely affect our operating results

       The reserve for life-contingent contract benefits is computed on the basis of long-term actuarial assumptions of future investment yields, mortality, morbidity, persistency and expenses. We periodically review the adequacy of these reserves on an aggregate basis and if future experience differs significantly from assumptions, adjustments to reserves and amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC") may be required which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

Changes in market interest rates may lead to a significant decrease in the sales and profitability of spread-based products

       Our ability to manage the Allstate Financial spread-based products, such as fixed annuities and institutional products, is dependent upon maintaining profitable spreads between investment yields and interest crediting rates. When market interest rates decrease or remain at relatively low levels, proceeds from investments that have matured or have been prepaid or sold may be reinvested at lower yields, reducing investment spread. Lowering interest crediting rates on some products in such an environment can partially offset decreases in investment yield. However, these changes could be limited by market conditions, regulatory minimum rates or contractual minimum rate guarantees on many contracts and may not match the timing or magnitude of changes in investment yields. Decreases in the interest crediting rates offered on products in the Allstate Financial segment could make those products less attractive, leading to lower sales and/or changes in the level of policy loans, surrenders and withdrawals. Non-parallel shifts in interest rates, such as increases in short-term rates without accompanying increases in medium- and long-term rates, can influence customer demand for fixed annuities, which could impact the level and profitability of new customer deposits. Increases in market interest rates can also have negative effects on Allstate Financial, for example by increasing the attractiveness of other investments to our customers, which can lead to higher surrenders at a time when the segment's fixed income investment asset values are lower as a result of the increase in interest rates. This could lead to the sale of fixed income securities at a loss. For certain products, principally fixed annuity and interest-sensitive life products, the earned rate on assets could lag behind rising market yields. We may react to market conditions by increasing crediting rates, which could narrow spreads and reduce profitability. Unanticipated surrenders could result in accelerated amortization of DAC or affect the recoverability of DAC and thereby increase expenses and reduce profitability.

Changes in estimates of profitability on interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment products may adversely affect our profitability and financial condition through the amortization of DAC

       DAC related to interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment contracts is amortized in proportion to actual historical gross profits and estimated future gross profits ("EGP") over the estimated lives of the contracts. The principal assumptions for determining the amount of EGP are investment returns, including capital gains and losses on assets supporting contract liabilities, interest crediting rates to contractholders, and the effects of persistency, mortality, expenses, and hedges if applicable. Updates to these assumptions (commonly referred to as "DAC unlocking") could adversely affect our profitability and financial condition.

Reducing our concentration in fixed annuities and funding agreements may adversely affect reported results

       We have been pursuing strategies to reduce our concentration in fixed annuities and funding agreements. Lower new sales of these products, as well as our ongoing risk mitigation and return optimization programs, could negatively impact investment portfolio levels, complicate settlement of expiring contracts including forced sales of assets with unrealized capital losses, and affect goodwill impairment testing and insurance reserves deficiency testing.

A loss of key product distribution relationships could materially affect sales, results of operations or cash flows

       Certain products in the Allstate Financial segment are distributed under agreements with other members of the financial services industry that are not affiliated with us. Termination of one or more of these agreements due to, for example, a change in control of one of these distributors or market conditions that make it difficult to achieve our target return on certain products, resulting in relatively uncompetitive pricing, or a decision by us to discontinue selling products through a distribution channel, could have a detrimental effect on the sales, results of operations or cash flows if it were to result in an elevated level of surrenders of in-force contracts sold through terminated distribution relationships.

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Changes in tax laws may decrease sales and profitability of products and adversely affect our financial condition

       Under current federal and state income tax law, certain products we offer, primarily life insurance and annuities, receive favorable tax treatment. This favorable treatment may give certain of our products a competitive advantage over noninsurance products. Congress from time to time considers legislation that would reduce or eliminate the favorable policyholder tax treatment currently applicable to life insurance and annuities. Congress also considers proposals to reduce the taxation of certain products or investments that may compete with life insurance or annuities. Legislation that increases the taxation on insurance products or reduces the taxation on competing products could lessen the advantage or create a disadvantage for certain of our products making them less competitive. Such proposals, if adopted, could have a material adverse effect on our profitability and financial condition or ability to sell such products and could result in the surrender of some existing contracts and policies. In addition, changes in the federal estate tax laws could negatively affect the demand for the types of life insurance used in estate planning.

Risks Relating to Investments

We are subject to market risk and declines in credit quality which may adversely affect investment income, cause additional realized losses, and cause increased unrealized losses

       Although we continually reevaluate our risk mitigation and return optimization programs, we remain subject to the risk that we will incur losses due to adverse changes in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, commodity prices or foreign currency exchange rates. Adverse changes to these rates, spreads and prices may occur due to changes in the liquidity of a market or market segment, insolvency or financial distress of key market makers or participants, or changes in market perceptions of credit worthiness and/or risk tolerance.

       We are subject to risks associated with potential declines in credit quality related to specific issuers or specific industries and a general weakening in the economy, which are typically reflected through credit spreads. Credit spread is the additional yield on fixed income securities above the risk-free rate (typically defined as the yield on U.S. Treasury securities) that market participants require to compensate them for assuming credit, liquidity and/or prepayment risks. Credit spreads vary (i.e. increase or decrease) in response to the market's perception of risk and liquidity in a specific issuer or specific sector and are influenced by the credit ratings, and the reliability of those ratings, published by external rating agencies. Although we use derivative financial instruments to manage these risks, the effectiveness of such instruments is subject to the same risks.

       A decline in market interest rates or credit spreads could have an adverse effect on our investment income as we invest cash in new investments that may earn less than the portfolio's average yield. In a declining interest rate environment, borrowers may prepay or redeem securities more quickly than expected as they seek to refinance at lower rates. A decline could also lead us to purchase longer-term or riskier assets in order to obtain adequate investment yields resulting in a duration gap when compared to the duration of liabilities. An increase in market interest rates or credit spreads could have an adverse effect on the value of our investment portfolio by decreasing the fair values of the fixed income securities that comprise a substantial majority of our investment portfolio. A declining equity market could also cause the investments in our pension plans to decrease or decreasing interest rates could cause the funding target and the projected benefit obligation of our pension plans or the accumulated benefit obligation of our other postretirement benefit plans to increase, either or both resulting in a decrease in the funded status of the pension plans and a reduction of shareholders' equity, increases in pension and other postretirement benefit expense and increases in required contributions to the pension plans. A decline in the quality of our investment portfolio as a result of adverse economic conditions or otherwise could cause additional realized losses on securities, including realized losses relating to equity and derivative strategies.

Deteriorating financial performance impacting securities collateralized by residential and commercial mortgage loans, collateralized corporate loans, and commercial mortgage loans may lead to write-downs and impact our results of operations and financial condition

       Changes in residential or commercial mortgage delinquencies, loss severities or recovery rates, declining residential or commercial real estate prices, corporate loan delinquencies or recovery rates, changes in credit or bond insurer strength ratings and the quality of service provided by service providers on securities in our portfolios could lead us to determine that write-downs are necessary in the future.

The impact of our investment strategies may be adversely affected by developments in the financial markets

       The impact of our investment portfolio risk mitigation and return optimization programs may be adversely affected by unexpected developments in the financial markets. For example, derivative contracts may result in coverage that is

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not as effective as intended thereby leading to the recognition of losses without the recognition of gains expected to mitigate the losses.

Concentration of our investment portfolios in any particular segment of the economy may have adverse effects on our operating results and financial condition

       The concentration of our investment portfolios in any particular industry, collateral type, group of related industries or geographic sector could have an adverse effect on our investment portfolios and consequently on our results of operations and financial condition. Events or developments that have a negative impact on any particular industry, group of related industries or geographic region may have a greater adverse effect on the investment portfolios to the extent that the portfolios are concentrated rather than diversified.

The determination of the amount of realized capital losses recorded for impairments of our investments is highly subjective and could materially impact our operating results and financial condition

       The determination of the amount of realized capital losses recorded for impairments vary by investment type and is based upon our periodic evaluation and assessment of known and inherent risks associated with the respective asset class. Such evaluations and assessments are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available. We update our evaluations regularly and reflect changes in other-than-temporary impairments in our results of operations. The assessment of whether other-than-temporary impairments have occurred is based on our case-by-case evaluation of the underlying reasons for the decline in fair value. There can be no assurance that we have accurately assessed the level of or amounts recorded for other-than-temporary impairments taken in our financial statements. Furthermore, historical trends may not be indicative of future impairments and additional impairments may need to be recorded in the future.

The determination of the fair value of our fixed income and equity securities is highly subjective and could materially impact our operating results and financial condition

       In determining fair values we generally utilize market transaction data for the same or similar instruments. The degree of management judgment involved in determining fair values is inversely related to the availability of market observable information. The fair value of assets may differ from the actual amount received upon sale of an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Moreover, the use of different valuation assumptions may have a material effect on the assets' fair values. The difference between amortized cost or cost and fair value, net of deferred income taxes, certain life and annuity DAC, certain deferred sales inducement costs ("DSI"), and certain reserves for life-contingent contract benefits, is reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity. Changing market conditions could materially affect the determination of the fair value of securities and unrealized net capital gains and losses could vary significantly. Determining fair value is highly subjective and could materially impact our operating results and financial condition.

Risks Relating to the Insurance Industry

Our future results are dependent in part on our ability to successfully operate in an insurance industry that is highly competitive

       The insurance industry is highly competitive. Our competitors include other insurers and, because some of our products include a savings or investment component, securities firms, investment advisers, mutual funds, banks and other financial institutions. Many of our competitors have well-established national reputations and market similar products. Because of the competitive nature of the insurance industry, including competition for producers such as exclusive and independent agents, there can be no assurance that we will continue to effectively compete with our industry rivals, or that competitive pressures will not have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition. Furthermore, certain competitors operate using a mutual insurance company structure and therefore may have dissimilar profitability and return targets. Our ability to successfully operate may also be impaired if we are not effective in filling critical leadership positions, in developing the talent and skills of our human resources, in assimilating new executive talent into our organization, or in deploying human resource talent consistently with our business goals.

Difficult conditions in the economy generally could adversely affect our business and operating results

       As with most businesses, we believe difficult conditions in the economy, such as significant negative macroeconomic trends, including relatively high and sustained unemployment, reduced consumer spending, lower home prices, substantial increases in delinquencies on consumer debt, including defaults on home mortgages, and the relatively low availability of credit could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results.

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       General economic conditions could adversely affect us in the form of consumer behavior and pressure investment results. Consumer behavior changes could include decreased demand for our products. For example, as consumers purchase fewer automobiles, our sales of auto insurance may decline. Also, as consumers become more cost conscious, they may choose lower levels of auto and homeowners insurance. In addition, holders of some of our interest-sensitive life insurance and annuity products may engage in an elevated level of discretionary withdrawals of contractholder funds. Our investment results could be adversely affected as deteriorating financial and business conditions affect the issuers of the securities in our investment portfolio.

There can be no assurance that actions of the U.S. federal government, Federal Reserve and other governmental and regulatory bodies for the purpose of stabilizing the financial markets and stimulating the economy will achieve the intended effect

       In response to the financial crises affecting the banking system, the financial markets and the broader economy in recent years, the U.S. federal government, the Federal Reserve and other governmental and regulatory bodies have taken actions such as purchasing mortgage-backed and other securities from financial institutions, investing directly in banks, thrifts and bank and savings and loan holding companies and increasing federal spending to stimulate the economy. There can be no assurance as to the long term impact such actions will have on the financial markets or on economic conditions, including potential inflationary affects. Continued volatility and any further economic deterioration could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Losses from litigation may be material to our operating results or cash flows and financial condition

       As is typical for a large company, we are involved in various legal actions, including class action litigation challenging a range of company practices and coverage provided by our insurance products. In the event of an unfavorable outcome in one or more of these matters, the ultimate liability may be in excess of amounts currently reserved and may be material to our operating results or cash flows for a particular quarter or annual period and to our financial condition.

We are subject to extensive regulation and potential further restrictive regulation may increase our operating costs and limit our growth

       As insurance companies, broker-dealers, investment advisers, a federal stock savings bank and/or investment companies, many of our subsidiaries are subject to extensive laws and regulations. These laws and regulations are complex and subject to change. Moreover, they are administered and enforced by a number of different governmental authorities, including state insurance regulators, state securities administrators, the SEC, the FINRA, the Office of Thrift Supervision, the U.S. Department of Justice, and state attorneys general, each of which exercises a degree of interpretive latitude. Consequently, we are subject to the risk that compliance with any particular regulator's or enforcement authority's interpretation of a legal issue may not result in compliance with another's interpretation of the same issue, particularly when compliance is judged in hindsight. In addition, there is risk that any particular regulator's or enforcement authority's interpretation of a legal issue may change over time to our detriment, or that changes in the overall legal environment may, even absent any particular regulator's or enforcement authority's interpretation of a legal issue changing, cause us to change our views regarding the actions we need to take from a legal risk management perspective, thus necessitating changes to our practices that may, in some cases, limit our ability to grow and improve the profitability of our business. Furthermore, in some cases, these laws and regulations are designed to protect or benefit the interests of a specific constituency rather than a range of constituencies. For example, state insurance laws and regulations are generally intended to protect or benefit purchasers or users of insurance products, not holders of securities issued by The Allstate Corporation. In many respects, these laws and regulations limit our ability to grow and improve the profitability of our business.

       In recent years, the state insurance regulatory framework has come under public scrutiny and members of Congress have discussed proposals to provide for federal chartering of insurance companies. We can make no assurances regarding the potential impact of state or federal measures that may change the nature or scope of insurance regulation.

Regulatory reforms, and the more stringent application of existing regulations, may make it more expensive for us to conduct our business

       The federal government has enacted comprehensive regulatory reforms for financial services entities. As part of a larger effort to strengthen the regulation of the financial services market, certain reforms are applicable to the insurance industry, including the establishment of a Federal Insurance Office within the Department of Treasury.

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       We are a diversified unitary savings and loan holding company for Allstate Bank, a federal stock savings bank and a member of the FDIC. The principal supervisory authority for the diversified unitary savings and loan holding company activities and the bank is the OTS. We are subject to OTS regulation, examination, supervision and reporting requirements and its enforcement authority. Among other things, this permits the OTS to restrict or prohibit activities that are determined to be a serious risk to the financial safety, soundness and stability of Allstate Bank. The reforms will abolish the OTS and transfer those responsibilities to the OCC and the Federal Reserve Board within an established time period.

       These regulatory reforms and any additional legislation or regulatory requirements imposed upon us in connection with the federal government's regulatory reform of the financial services industry or arising from reform related to the international regulatory capital framework for banking firms, and any more stringent enforcement of existing regulations by federal authorities, may make it more expensive for us to conduct our business.

Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, which may limit our ability to write new business

       Our personal lines catastrophe reinsurance program was designed, utilizing our risk management methodology, to address our exposure to catastrophes nationwide. Market conditions beyond our control impact the availability and cost of the reinsurance we purchase. No assurances can be made that reinsurance will remain continuously available to us to the same extent and on the same terms and rates as is currently available. For example, our ability to afford reinsurance to reduce our catastrophe risk in designated areas may be dependent upon our ability to adjust premium rates for its cost, and there are no assurances that the terms and rates for our current reinsurance program will continue to be available next year. If we were unable to maintain our current level of reinsurance or purchase new reinsurance protection in amounts that we consider sufficient and at prices that we consider acceptable, we would have to either accept an increase in our exposure risk, reduce our insurance writings, or develop or seek other alternatives.

Reinsurance subjects us to the credit risk of our reinsurers and may not be adequate to protect us against losses arising from ceded insurance, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition

       The collectability of reinsurance recoverables is subject to uncertainty arising from a number of factors, including changes in market conditions, whether insured losses meet the qualifying conditions of the reinsurance contract and whether reinsurers, or their affiliates, have the financial capacity and willingness to make payments under the terms of a reinsurance treaty or contract. Our inability to collect a material recovery from a reinsurer could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

A large scale pandemic, the continued threat of terrorism or ongoing military actions may have an adverse effect on the level of claim losses we incur, the value of our investment portfolio, our competitive position, marketability of product offerings, liquidity and operating results

       A large scale pandemic, the continued threat of terrorism, within the United States and abroad, or ongoing military and other actions, and heightened security measures in response to these types of threats, may cause significant volatility and losses in our investment portfolio from declines in the equity markets and from interest rate changes in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, and result in loss of life, property damage, disruptions to commerce and reduced economic activity. Some of the assets in our investment portfolio may be adversely affected by declines in the equity markets and reduced economic activity caused by a large scale pandemic or the continued threat of terrorism. Additionally, in the Allstate Protection and Allstate Financial business segments, a large scale pandemic or terrorist act could have a material adverse effect on the sales, profitability, competitiveness, marketability of product offerings, liquidity, and operating results.

A downgrade in our financial strength ratings may have an adverse effect on our competitive position, the marketability of our product offerings, and our liquidity, operating results and financial condition

       Financial strength ratings are important factors in establishing the competitive position of insurance companies and generally have an effect on an insurance company's business. On an ongoing basis, rating agencies review the financial performance and condition of insurers and could downgrade or change the outlook on an insurer's ratings due to, for example, a change in an insurer's statutory capital; a change in a rating agency's determination of the amount of risk-adjusted capital required to maintain a particular rating; an increase in the perceived risk of an insurer's investment portfolio; a reduced confidence in management or a host of other considerations that may or may not be under the insurer's control. The insurance financial strength ratings of Allstate Insurance Company and Allstate Life Insurance Company and The Allstate Corporation's senior debt ratings from A.M. Best, Standard & Poor's and Moody's are subject

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to continuous review, and the retention of current ratings cannot be assured. A downgrade in any of these ratings could have a material adverse effect on our sales, our competitiveness, the marketability of our product offerings, and our liquidity, operating results and financial condition.

Adverse capital and credit market conditions may significantly affect our ability to meet liquidity needs or our ability to obtain credit on acceptable terms

       In periods of extreme volatility and disruption in the capital and credit markets, liquidity and credit capacity may be severely restricted. In such circumstances, our ability to obtain capital to fund operating expenses, financing costs, capital expenditures or acquisitions may be limited, and the cost of any such capital may be significant. Our access to additional financing will depend on a variety of factors such as market conditions, the general availability of credit, the overall availability of credit to our industry, our credit ratings and credit capacity, as well as lenders' perception of our long- or short-term financial prospects. Similarly, our access to funds may be impaired if regulatory authorities or rating agencies take negative actions against us. If a combination of these factors were to occur, our internal sources of liquidity may prove to be insufficient and in such case, we may not be able to successfully obtain additional financing on favorable terms.

Changes in accounting standards issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") or other standard-setting bodies may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition

       Our financial statements are subject to the application of generally accepted accounting principles, which are periodically revised, interpreted and/or expanded. Accordingly, we are required to adopt new guidance or interpretations, or could be subject to existing guidance as we enter into new transactions, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition that is either unexpected or has a greater impact than expected. For a description of changes in accounting standards that are currently pending and, if known, our estimates of their expected impact, see Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements.

The change in our unrecognized tax benefit during the next 12 months is subject to uncertainty

       We have disclosed our estimate of net unrecognized tax benefits and the reasonably possible increase or decrease in its balance during the next 12 months in Note 14 of the consolidated financial statements. However, actual results may differ from our estimate for reasons such as changes in our position on specific issues, developments with respect to the governments' interpretations of income tax laws or changes in judgment resulting from new information obtained in audits or the appeals process.

The realization of deferred tax assets is subject to uncertainty

       The realization of our deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance, is based on our assumption that we will be able to fully utilize the deductions that are ultimately recognized for tax purposes. However, actual results may differ from our assumptions if adequate levels of taxable income are not attained.

The ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends may affect our liquidity and ability to meet our obligations

       The Allstate Corporation is a holding company with no significant operations. The principal asset is the stock of its subsidiaries. State insurance regulatory authorities limit the payment of dividends by insurance subsidiaries, as described in Note 15 of the consolidated financial statements. In addition, competitive pressures generally require the subsidiaries to maintain insurance financial strength ratings. These restrictions and other regulatory requirements affect the ability of the subsidiaries to make dividend payments. Limits on the ability of the subsidiaries to pay dividends could adversely affect holding company liquidity, including our ability to pay dividends to shareholders, service our debt, or complete share repurchase programs in the timeframe expected.

The occurrence of events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems and management continuity planning or a support failure from external providers during a disaster could impair our ability to conduct business effectively

       The occurrence of a disaster such as a natural catastrophe, an industrial accident, a terrorist attack or war, events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems, or a support failure from external providers, could have an adverse effect on our ability to conduct business and on our results of operations and financial condition, particularly if those events affect our computer-based data processing, transmission, storage, and retrieval systems. In the event that a significant number of our managers could be unavailable in the event of a disaster, our ability to effectively conduct our business could be severely compromised.

22



Changing climate conditions may adversely affect our financial condition, profitability or cash flows

       Allstate recognizes the scientific view that the world is getting warmer. Climate change, to the extent it produces rising temperatures and changes in weather patterns, could impact the frequency or severity of weather events and wildfires, the affordability and availability of homeowners insurance, and the results for our Allstate Protection segment.

Loss of key vendor relationships or failure of a vendor to protect personal information of our customers, claimants or employees could affect our operations

       We rely on services and products provided by many vendors in the United States and abroad. These include, for example, vendors of computer hardware and software and vendors of services such as claim adjustment services and human resource benefits management services. In the event that one or more of our vendors suffers a bankruptcy or otherwise becomes unable to continue to provide products or services, or fails to protect personal information of our customers, claimants or employees, we may suffer operational impairments and financial losses.

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

       None.

Item 2.  Properties

       Our home office complex is located in Northbrook, Illinois. As of December 31, 2010, the Home Office complex consists of several buildings totaling 2.3 million square feet of office space on a 278-acre site.

       We also operate from approximately 1,400 administrative, data processing, claims handling and other support facilities in North America. In addition to our home office facilities, 2.3 million square feet are owned and 6.1 million square feet are leased. Outside North America, we lease three properties in Northern Ireland comprising 130,550 square feet. We also have one lease in London for 3,650 square feet. Generally, only major Allstate facilities are owned. In a majority of cases, new lease terms and renewals are for five years or less.

       The locations out of which the Allstate exclusive agencies operate in the U.S. are normally leased by the agencies as lessees.

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings

       Information required for Item 3 is incorporated by reference to the discussion under the heading "Regulation and Compliance" and under the heading "Legal and regulatory proceedings and inquiries" in Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements.

Item 4.  (Removed and Reserved)

23


Part II

Item 5.  Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

       As of February 1, 2011, there were 108,052 record holders of The Allstate Corporation's common stock. The principal market for the common stock is the New York Stock Exchange but it is also listed on the Chicago Stock Exchange. Set forth below are the high and low New York Stock Exchange Composite listing prices of, and cash dividends declared for, the common stock during 2010 and 2009.

 
  High   Low   Close   Dividends
Declared
 

2010

                         

First quarter

    32.48     28.13     32.31     .20  

Second quarter

    35.51     28.41     28.73     .20  

Third quarter

    32.36     26.86     31.55     .20  

Fourth quarter

    33.29     29.00     31.88     .20  

2009

                         

First quarter

    33.50     13.77     19.15     .20  

Second quarter

    28.73     18.50     24.40     .20  

Third quarter

    31.74     22.82     30.62     .20  

Fourth quarter

    32.23     27.52     30.04     .20  

       The payment of dividends by Allstate Insurance Company ("AIC") to The Allstate Corporation is limited by Illinois insurance law to formula amounts based on statutory net income and statutory surplus, as well as the timing and amount of dividends paid in the preceding twelve months. In the twelve-month period ending December 31, 2010, AIC paid dividends of $1.30 billion. Based on the greater of 2010 statutory net income or 10% of statutory surplus, the maximum amount of dividends that AIC will be able to pay without prior Illinois Department of Insurance approval at a given point in time in 2011 is $1.54 billion, less dividends paid during the preceding twelve months measured at that point in time. Notification and approval of intercompany lending activities is also required by the Illinois Department of Insurance for those transactions that exceed formula amounts based on statutory admitted assets and statutory surplus.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period
  Total number of
shares
(or units)
purchased 
(1)
  Average price
paid per share
(or unit)
  Total number
of shares
(or units)
purchased as part
of publicly
announced plans or
programs 
(2)
  Maximum number
(or approximate
dollar value) of
shares
(or units) that may
yet be purchased
under the plans or
programs 
(3)
 

October 1, 2010 -
October 31, 2010

    1,069   $ 31.5700       $  

November 1, 2010 -
November 30, 2010

    1,991,801   $ 29.7716     1,991,801   $ 941 million  

December 1, 2010 -
December 31, 2010

    3,246,304   $ 31.0674     3,246,304   $ 840 million  

Total

    5,239,174   $ 30.5749     5,238,105      

(1)
In accordance with the terms of its equity compensation plans, Allstate acquired the following shares in connection with stock option exercises by employees and/or directors. The stock was received in payment of the exercise price of the options and in satisfaction of withholding taxes due upon exercise or vesting.

    October:        1,069
    November:    none
    December:    none

(2)
Repurchases under our programs are, from time to time, executed under the terms of a pre-set trading plan meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

    None

(3)
On November 9, 2010, we announced the approval of a new share repurchase program for $1.00 billion. This program is expected to be completed by March 31, 2012.

24


Item 6.  Selected Financial Data

5-YEAR SUMMARY OF SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

   
($ in millions, except per share data and ratios)
  2010   2009   2008   2007   2006  

Consolidated Operating Results

                               

Insurance premiums and contract charges

  $ 28,125   $ 28,152   $ 28,862   $ 29,099   $ 29,333  

Net investment income

    4,102     4,444     5,622     6,435     6,177  

Realized capital gains and losses

    (827 )   (583 )   (5,090 )   1,235     286  

Total revenues

    31,400     32,013     29,394     36,769     35,796  

Net income (loss)

    928     854     (1,679 )   4,636     4,993  

Net income (loss) per share:

                               

Net income (loss) per share — basic

    1.72     1.58     (3.06 )   7.80     7.88  

Net income (loss) per share — diluted

    1.71     1.58     (3.06 )   7.76     7.83  

Cash dividends declared per share

    0.80     0.80     1.64     1.52     1.40  

 

 

Consolidated Financial Position

                               

Investments

  $ 100,483   $ 99,833   $ 95,998   $ 118,980   $ 119,757  

Total assets

    130,874     132,652     134,798     156,408     157,554  

Reserves for claims and claims expense, life-contingent contract benefits and contractholder funds

    81,145     84,659     90,750     94,052     93,683  

Short-term debt

                    12  

Long-term debt

    5,908     5,910     5,659     5,640     4,650  

Shareholders' equity

    19,016     16,692     12,641     21,851     21,846  

Shareholders' equity per diluted share

    35.32     30.84     23.47     38.54     34.80  

Equity

    19,044     16,721     12,673     21,902     21,937  

 

 

Property-Liability Operations

                               

Premiums earned

  $ 25,957   $ 26,194   $ 26,967   $ 27,233   $ 27,369  

Net investment income

    1,189     1,328     1,674     1,972     1,854  

Net income

    1,054     1,543     228     4,258     4,614  

Operating ratios (1)

                               
 

Claims and claims expense ("loss") ratio

    73.0     71.6     74.4     64.9     58.5  
 

Expense ratio

    25.1     24.6     25.0     24.9     25.1  
 

Combined ratio

    98.1     96.2     99.4     89.8     83.6  

 

 

Allstate Financial Operations

                               

Premiums and contract charges

  $ 2,168   $ 1,958   $ 1,895   $ 1,866   $ 1,964  

Net investment income

    2,853     3,064     3,811     4,297     4,173  

Net income (loss)

    58     (483 )   (1,721 )   465     464  

Investments

    61,582     62,216     61,449     74,256     75,951  

(1)
We use operating ratios to measure the profitability of our Property-Liability results. We believe that they enhance an investor's understanding of our profitability. They are calculated as follows: Claims and claims expense ("loss") ratio is the ratio of claims and claims expense to premiums earned. Loss ratios include the impact of catastrophe losses. Expense ratio is the ratio of amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, operating costs and expenses and restructuring and related charges to premiums earned. Combined ratio is the ratio of claims and claims expense, amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, operating costs and expenses and restructuring and related charges to premiums earned. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss ratio and the expense ratio. The difference between 100% and the combined ratio represents underwriting income as a percentage of premiums earned, or underwriting margin.

25


Item 7.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 
  Page

Overview

  27

2010 Highlights

  27

Consolidated Net Income (Loss)

  28

Application of Critical Accounting Estimates

  28

Property-Liability 2010 Highlights

  41

Property-Liability Operations

  42

Allstate Protection Segment

  44

Discontinued Lines and Coverages Segment

  56

Property-Liability Investment Results

  57

Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves

  58

Allstate Financial 2010 Highlights

  69

Allstate Financial Segment

  69

Investments 2010 Highlights

  79

Investments

  79

Market Risk

  109

Pension Plans

  112

Deferred Taxes

  114

Capital Resources and Liquidity 2010 Highlights

  114

Capital Resources and Liquidity

  115

Enterprise Risk and Return Management

  121

Regulation and Legal Proceedings

  122

Pending Accounting Standards

  122

26


OVERVIEW

       The following discussion highlights significant factors influencing the consolidated financial position and results of operations of The Allstate Corporation (referred to in this document as "we", "our", "us", the "Company" or "Allstate"). It should be read in conjunction with the 5-year summary of selected financial data, consolidated financial statements and related notes found under Part II, Item 6 and Item 8 contained herein. Further analysis of our insurance segments is provided in the Property-Liability Operations (which includes the Allstate Protection and the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments) and in the Allstate Financial Segment sections of Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A"). The segments are consistent with the way in which we use financial information to evaluate business performance and to determine the allocation of resources.

       Allstate is focused on three priorities in 2011:

       The most important factors we monitor to evaluate the financial condition and performance of our company include:

2010 HIGHLIGHTS

Consolidated net income was $928 million in 2010 compared to $854 million in 2009. Net income per diluted share was $1.71 in 2010 compared to $1.58 in 2009.
Property-Liability net income was $1.05 billion in 2010 compared to $1.54 billion in 2009.
The Property-Liability combined ratio was 98.1 in 2010 compared to 96.2 in 2009.
Allstate Financial had net income of $58 million in 2010 compared to a net loss of $483 million in 2009.
Total revenues were $31.40 billion in 2010 compared to $32.01 billion in 2009.
Property-Liability premiums earned in 2010 totaled $25.96 billion, a decrease of 0.9% from $26.19 billion in 2009.
Net realized capital losses were $827 million in 2010 compared to $583 million in 2009.
Investments as of December 31, 2010 totaled $100.48 billion, an increase of 0.7% from $99.83 billion as of December 31, 2009. Net investment income in 2010 was $4.10 billion, a decrease of 7.7% from $4.44 billion in 2009.
Book value per diluted share (ratio of shareholders' equity to total shares outstanding and dilutive potential shares outstanding) was $35.32 as of December 31, 2010, an increase of 14.5% from $30.84 as of December 31, 2009.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2010, return on the average of beginning and ending period shareholders' equity was 5.2%, a decrease of 0.6 points from 5.8% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2009.
As of December 31, 2010, we had $19.02 billion in capital. This total included $3.84 billion in deployable invested assets at the parent holding company level.

27


CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME (LOSS)

($ in millions)
  For the years ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Revenues

                   

Property-liability insurance premiums

  $ 25,957   $ 26,194   $ 26,967  

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges

    2,168     1,958     1,895  

Net investment income

    4,102     4,444     5,622  

Realized capital gains and losses:

                   
 

Total other-than-temporary impairment losses

    (937 )   (2,376 )   (3,735 )
 

Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income

    (64 )   457      
               
   

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings

    (1,001 )   (1,919 )   (3,735 )
 

Sales and other realized capital gains and losses

    174     1,336     (1,355 )
               
     

Total realized capital gains and losses

    (827 )   (583 )   (5,090 )
               

Total revenues

    31,400     32,013     29,394  

Costs and expenses

                   

Property-liability insurance claims and claims expense

    (18,951 )   (18,746 )   (20,064 )

Life and annuity contract benefits

    (1,815 )   (1,617 )   (1,612 )

Interest credited to contractholder funds

    (1,807 )   (2,126 )   (2,411 )

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs

    (4,034 )   (4,754 )   (4,679 )

Operating costs and expenses

    (3,281 )   (3,007 )   (3,273 )

Restructuring and related charges

    (30 )   (130 )   (23 )

Interest expense

    (367 )   (392 )   (351 )
               

Total costs and expenses

    (30,285 )   (30,772 )   (32,413 )

Gain (loss) on disposition of operations

    11     7     (6 )

Income tax (expense) benefit

    (198 )   (394 )   1,346  
               

Net income (loss)

  $ 928   $ 854   $ (1,679 )
               

Property-Liability

 
$

1,054
 
$

1,543
 
$

228
 

Allstate Financial

    58     (483 )   (1,721 )

Corporate and Other

    (184 )   (206 )   (186 )
               

Net income (loss)

  $ 928   $ 854   $ (1,679 )
               

APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

       The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") requires management to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. The most critical estimates include those used in determining:

       In making these determinations, management makes subjective and complex judgments that frequently require estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. Many of these policies, estimates and related judgments are common in the insurance and financial services industries; others are specific to our businesses and operations. It is reasonably likely that changes in these estimates could occur from period to period and result in a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

       A brief summary of each of these critical accounting estimates follows. For a more detailed discussion of the effect of these estimates on our consolidated financial statements, and the judgments and assumptions related to these

28



estimates, see the referenced sections of this document. For a complete summary of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements.

       Fair value of financial assets    Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We categorize our financial assets measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy based on the observability of inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:

Level 1:   Financial asset values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in an active market that we can access.

Level 2:

 

Financial asset values are based on the following:
    (a)   Quoted prices for similar assets in active markets;
    (b)   Quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active; or
    (c)   Valuation models whose inputs are observable, directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset.

Level 3:

 

Financial asset values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. Unobservable inputs reflect our estimates of the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the financial assets.

       Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in valuing financial assets that are developed based on market data obtained from independent sources. In the absence of sufficient observable inputs, unobservable inputs reflect our estimates of the assumptions market participants would use in valuing financial assets and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The degree of management judgment involved in determining fair values is inversely related to the availability of market observable information.

       We are responsible for the determination of fair value of financial assets and the supporting assumptions and methodologies. We gain assurance on the overall reasonableness and consistent application of valuation input assumptions, valuation methodologies and compliance with accounting standards for fair value determination through the execution of various processes and controls designed to ensure that our financial assets are appropriately valued. We monitor fair values received from third parties and those derived internally on an ongoing basis.

       We employ independent third-party valuation service providers, broker quotes and internal pricing methods to determine fair values. We obtain or calculate only one single quote or price for each financial instrument.

       Valuation service providers typically obtain data about market transactions and other key valuation model inputs from multiple sources and, through the use of proprietary models, produce valuation information in the form of a single fair value for individual securities for which a fair value has been requested under the terms of our agreements. For certain equity securities, valuation service providers provide market quotations for completed transactions on the measurement date. For other security types, fair values are derived from the valuation service providers' proprietary valuation models. The inputs used by the valuation service providers include, but are not limited to, market prices from recently completed transactions and transactions of comparable securities, interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, liquidity spreads, currency rates, and other information, as applicable. Credit and liquidity spreads are typically implied from completed transactions and transactions of comparable securities. Valuation service providers also use proprietary discounted cash flow models that are widely accepted in the financial services industry and similar to those used by other market participants to value the same financial instruments. The valuation models take into account, among other things, market observable information as of the measurement date, as described above, as well as the specific attributes of the security being valued including its term, interest rate, credit rating, industry sector, and where applicable, collateral quality and other issue or issuer specific information. Executing valuation models effectively requires seasoned professional judgment and experience. In cases where market transactions or other market observable data is limited, the extent to which judgment is applied varies inversely with the availability of market observable information.

       For certain of our financial assets measured at fair value, where our valuation service providers cannot provide fair value determinations, we obtain a single non-binding price quote from a broker familiar with the security who, similar to our valuation service providers, may consider transactions or activity in similar securities among other information. The brokers providing price quotes are generally from the brokerage divisions of leading financial institutions with market making, underwriting and distribution expertise regarding the security subject to valuation.

       The fair value of certain financial assets, including privately placed corporate fixed income securities, auction rate securities ("ARS") backed by student loans, equity-indexed notes, and certain free-standing derivatives, for which our valuation service providers or brokers do not provide fair value determinations, is determined using valuation methods

29



and models widely accepted in the financial services industry. Internally developed valuation models, which include inputs that may not be market observable and as such involve some degree of judgment, are considered appropriate for each class of security to which they are applied.

       Our internal pricing methods are primarily based on models using discounted cash flow methodologies that develop a single best estimate of fair value. Our models generally incorporate inputs that we believe are representative of inputs other market participants would use to determine fair value of the same instruments, including yield curves, quoted market prices of comparable securities, published credit spreads, and other applicable market data. Additional inputs that are used include internally-derived assumptions such as liquidity premium and credit ratings, as well as instrument-specific characteristics that include, but are not limited to, coupon rate, expected cash flows, sector of the issuer, and call provisions. Our internally assigned credit ratings are developed at a more detailed level than externally published ratings and allow for a more precise match of these ratings to other market observable valuation inputs, such as credit and sector spreads, when performing these valuations. Due to the existence of non-market observable inputs, such as liquidity premiums, judgment is required in developing these fair values. As a result, the fair value of these financial assets may differ from the amount actually received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Moreover, the use of different valuation assumptions may have a material effect on the financial assets' fair values.

       For the majority of our financial assets measured at fair value, all significant inputs are based on market observable data and significant management judgment does not affect the periodic determination of fair value. The determination of fair value using discounted cash flow models involves management judgment when significant model inputs are not based on market observable data. However, where market observable data is available, it takes precedence, and as a result, no range of reasonably likely inputs exists from which the basis of a sensitivity analysis could be constructed.

       There is one primary situation where a discounted cash flow model utilizes a significant input that is not market observable, and it relates to the determination of fair value for our ARS backed by student loans. The significant input utilized is the anticipated date liquidity will return to this market (that is, when auction failures will cease). Determination of this assumption allows for matching to market observable inputs when performing these valuations.

       The following table displays the sensitivity of reasonably likely changes in the anticipated date liquidity will return to the student loan ARS market as of December 31, 2010. The selection of these hypothetical scenarios represents an illustration of the estimated potential proportional effect of alternate assumptions and should not be construed as either a prediction of future events or an indication that it would be reasonably likely that all securities would be similarly affected.

($ in millions)
   
 

ARS backed by student loans at fair value

  $ 1,230  

Percentage change in fair value resulting from:

       
 

Decrease in the anticipated date liquidity will return to this market by six months

    1.1 %
 

Increase in the anticipated date liquidity will return to this market by six months

    (1.1 )%

       We believe our most significant exposure to changes in fair value is due to market risk. Our exposure to changes in market conditions is discussed fully in the Market Risk section of the MD&A.

       We employ specific control processes to determine the reasonableness of the fair value of our financial assets. Our processes are designed to ensure that the values received or internally estimated are accurately recorded and that the data inputs and the valuation techniques utilized are appropriate, consistently applied, and that the assumptions are reasonable and consistent with the objective of determining fair value. For example, on a continuing basis, we assess the reasonableness of individual security values received from valuation service providers and those derived from internal models that exceed certain thresholds as compared to previous values received from those valuation service providers or derived from internal models. In addition, we may validate the reasonableness of fair value by comparing information obtained from our valuation service providers to other third party valuation sources for selected securities. We perform ongoing price validation procedures such as back-testing of actual sales, which corroborate the various inputs used in internal pricing models to market observable data. When fair value determinations are expected to be more variable, we validate them through reviews by members of management who have relevant expertise and who are independent of those charged with executing investment transactions.

30


       We also perform an analysis to determine whether there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset when compared to normal market activity, and if so, whether transactions may not be orderly. Among the indicators we consider in determining whether a significant decrease in the volume and level of market activity for a specific asset has occurred include the level of new issuances in the primary market, trading volume in the secondary market, level of credit spreads over historical levels, bid-ask spread, and price consensuses among market participants and sources. If evidence indicates that prices are based on transactions that are not orderly, we place little, if any, weight on the transaction price and will estimate fair value using an internal pricing model. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, we did not alter fair values provided by our valuation service providers or brokers or substitute them with an internal pricing model.

       The following table identifies fixed income and equity securities and short-term investments as of December 31, 2010 by source of fair value determination:

($ in millions)
  Fair
value
  Percent
to total
 

Fair value based on internal sources

  $ 7,971     9.1 %

Fair value based on external sources (1)

    79,731     90.9  
           

Total

  $ 87,702     100.0 %
           

(1)
Includes $4.20 billion that are valued using broker quotes.

       For more detailed information on our accounting policy for the fair value of financial assets and the financial assets by level in the fair value hierarchy, see Notes 2 and 5 of the consolidated financial statements.

       Impairment of fixed income and equity securities    For investments classified as available for sale, the difference between fair value and amortized cost for fixed income securities and cost for equity securities, net of certain other items and deferred income taxes (as disclosed in Note 4), is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and is not reflected in the operating results of any period until reclassified to net income upon the consummation of a transaction with an unrelated third party or when a write-down is recorded due to an other-than-temporary decline in fair value. We have a comprehensive portfolio monitoring process to identify and evaluate each fixed income and equity security whose carrying value may be other-than-temporarily impaired.

       For each fixed income security in an unrealized loss position, we assess whether management with the appropriate authority has made the decision to sell or whether it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before recovery of the amortized cost basis for reasons such as liquidity, contractual or regulatory purposes. If a security meets either of these criteria, the security's decline in fair value is considered other than temporary and is recorded in earnings.

       If we have not made the decision to sell the fixed income security and it is not more likely than not we will be required to sell the fixed income security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, we evaluate whether we expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. We use our best estimate of future cash flows expected to be collected from the fixed income security discounted at the security's original or current effective rate, as appropriate, to calculate a recovery value and determine whether a credit loss exists. The determination of cash flow estimates is inherently subjective and methodologies may vary depending on facts and circumstances specific to the security. All reasonably available information relevant to the collectability of the security, including past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable assumptions and forecasts, are considered when developing the estimate of cash flows expected to be collected. That information generally includes, but is not limited to, the remaining payment terms of the security, prepayment speeds, foreign exchange rates, the financial condition and future earnings potential of the issue or issuer, expected defaults, expected recoveries, the value of underlying collateral, vintage, geographic concentration, available reserves or escrows, current subordination levels, third party guarantees and other credit enhancements. Other information, such as industry analyst reports and forecasts, sector credit ratings, financial condition of the bond insurer for insured fixed income securities, and other market data relevant to the realizability of contractual cash flows, may also be considered. The estimated fair value of collateral will be used to estimate recovery value if we determine that the security is dependent on the liquidation of collateral for ultimate settlement. If the estimated recovery value is less than the amortized cost of the security, a credit loss exists and an other-than-temporary impairment for the difference between the estimated recovery value and amortized cost is recorded in earnings. The portion of the unrealized loss related to factors other than credit remains classified in accumulated other comprehensive income. If we determine that the fixed income security does not have sufficient cash

31



flow or other information to estimate a recovery value for the security, we may conclude that the entire decline in fair value is deemed to be credit related and the loss is recorded in earnings.

       There are a number of assumptions and estimates inherent in evaluating impairments of equity securities and determining if they are other than temporary, including: 1) our ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value; 2) the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than cost; 3) the financial condition, near-term and long-term prospects of the issue or issuer, including relevant industry specific market conditions and trends, geographic location and implications of rating agency actions and offering prices; and 4) the specific reasons that a security is in an unrealized loss position, including overall market conditions which could affect liquidity.

       Once assumptions and estimates are made, any number of changes in facts and circumstances could cause us to subsequently determine that a fixed income or equity security is other-than-temporarily impaired, including: 1) general economic conditions that are worse than previously forecasted or that have a greater adverse effect on a particular issuer or industry sector than originally estimated; 2) changes in the facts and circumstances related to a particular issue or issuer's ability to meet all of its contractual obligations; and 3) changes in facts and circumstances that result in changes to management's intent to sell or result in our assessment that it is more likely than not we will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis of a fixed income security or causes a change in our ability or intent to hold an equity security until it recovers in value. Changes in assumptions, facts and circumstances could result in additional charges to earnings in future periods to the extent that losses are realized. The charge to earnings, while potentially significant to net income, would not have a significant effect on shareholders' equity, since our securities are designated as available for sale and carried at fair value and as a result, any related unrealized loss, net of deferred income taxes and related DAC, deferred sales inducement costs ("DSI") and reserves for life-contingent contract benefits, would already be reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity.

       The determination of the amount of other-than-temporary impairment is an inherently subjective process based on periodic evaluation of the factors described above. Such evaluations and assessments are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available. We update our evaluations regularly and reflect changes in other-than-temporary impairments in results of operations as such evaluations are revised. The use of different methodologies and assumptions in the determination of the amount of other-than-temporary impairments may have a material effect on the amounts presented within the consolidated financial statements.

       For additional detail on investment impairments, see Note 4 of the consolidated financial statements.

       Deferred policy acquisition costs amortization    We incur significant costs in connection with acquiring insurance policies and investment contracts. In accordance with GAAP, costs that vary with and are primarily related to acquiring insurance policies and investment contracts are deferred and recorded as an asset on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

       DAC related to property-liability contracts is amortized into income as premiums are earned, typically over periods of six or twelve months. The amortization methodology for DAC related to Allstate Financial policies and contracts includes significant assumptions and estimates.

       DAC related to traditional life insurance is amortized over the premium paying period of the related policies in proportion to the estimated revenues on such business. Significant assumptions relating to estimated premiums, investment returns, as well as mortality, persistency and expenses to administer the business are established at the time the policy is issued and are generally not revised during the life of the policy. The assumptions for determining the timing and amount of DAC amortization are consistent with the assumptions used to calculate the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits. Any deviations from projected business in force resulting from actual policy terminations differing from expected levels and any estimated premium deficiencies may result in a change to the rate of amortization in the period such events occur. Generally, the amortization periods for these policies approximates the estimated lives of the policies. The recovery of DAC is dependent upon the future profitability of the business. We periodically review the adequacy of reserves and recoverability of DAC for these policies on an aggregate basis using actual experience. We aggregate all traditional life insurance products and immediate annuities with life contingencies in the analysis. In the event actual experience is significantly adverse compared to the original assumptions and a premium deficiency is determined to exist, any remaining unamortized DAC balance must be expensed to the extent not recoverable and a premium deficiency reserve may be required if the remaining DAC balance is insufficient to absorb the deficiency. In 2010 and 2009, our reviews concluded that no premium deficiency adjustments were necessary, primarily due to projected profit from traditional life insurance more than offsetting the projected losses in immediate

32



annuities with life contingencies. In 2008, for traditional life insurance and immediate annuities with life contingencies, an aggregate premium deficiency of $336 million pre-tax ($219 million after-tax) resulted primarily from a study indicating that the annuitants on certain life-contingent contracts are projected to live longer than we anticipated when the contracts were issued and, to a lesser degree, a reduction in the related investment portfolio yield. The deficiency was recorded through a reduction in DAC.

       DAC related to interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment contracts is amortized in proportion to the incidence of the total present value of gross profits, which includes both actual historical gross profits ("AGP") and estimated future gross profits ("EGP") expected to be earned over the estimated lives of the contracts. The amortization is net of interest on the prior period DAC balance using rates established at the inception of the contracts. Actual amortization periods generally range from 15-30 years; however, incorporating estimates of the rate of customer surrenders, partial withdrawals and deaths generally results in the majority of the DAC being amortized during the surrender charge period, which is typically 10-20 years for interest-sensitive life and 5-10 years for fixed annuities. The cumulative DAC amortization is reestimated and adjusted by a cumulative charge or credit to results of operations when there is a difference between the incidence of actual versus expected gross profits in a reporting period or when there is a change in total EGP.

       AGP and EGP consist primarily of the following components: contract charges for the cost of insurance less mortality costs and other benefits (benefit margin); investment income and realized capital gains and losses less interest credited (investment margin); and surrender and other contract charges less maintenance expenses (expense margin). The principal assumptions for determining the amount of EGP are investment returns, including capital gains and losses on assets supporting contract liabilities, interest crediting rates to contractholders, and the effects of persistency, mortality, expenses, and hedges if applicable, and these assumptions are reasonably likely to have the greatest impact on the amount of DAC amortization. Changes in these assumptions can be offsetting and we are unable to reasonably predict their future movements or offsetting impacts over time.

       Each reporting period, DAC amortization is recognized in proportion to AGP for that period adjusted for interest on the prior period DAC balance. This amortization process includes an assessment of AGP compared to EGP, the actual amount of business remaining in force and realized capital gains and losses on investments supporting the product liability. The impact of realized capital gains and losses on amortization of DAC depends upon which product liability is supported by the assets that give rise to the gain or loss. If the AGP is greater than EGP in the period, but the total EGP is unchanged, the amount of DAC amortization will generally increase, resulting in a current period decrease to earnings. The opposite result generally occurs when the AGP is less than the EGP in the period, but the total EGP is unchanged. However, when DAC amortization or a component of gross profits for a quarterly period is potentially negative (which would result in an increase of the DAC balance) as a result of negative AGP, the specific facts and circumstances surrounding the potential negative amortization are considered to determine whether it is appropriate for recognition in the consolidated financial statements. Negative amortization is only recorded when the increased DAC balance is determined to be recoverable based on facts and circumstances. Negative amortization was not recorded for certain fixed annuities during 2010, 2009 and 2008 periods in which significant capital losses were realized on their related investment portfolio. For products whose supporting investments are exposed to capital losses in excess of our expectations which may cause periodic AGP to become temporarily negative, EGP and AGP utilized in DAC amortization may be modified to exclude the excess capital losses.

       Annually, we review and update all assumptions underlying the projections of EGP, including investment returns, comprising investment income and realized capital gains and losses, interest crediting rates, persistency, mortality, expenses and the effect of any hedges. At each reporting period, we assess whether any revisions to assumptions used to determine DAC amortization are required. These reviews and updates may result in amortization acceleration or deceleration, which are commonly referred to as "DAC unlocking". If the update of assumptions causes total EGP to increase, the rate of DAC amortization will generally decrease, resulting in a current period increase to earnings. A decrease to earnings generally occurs when the assumption update causes the total EGP to decrease.

       Over the past three years, our most significant DAC assumption updates that resulted in a change to EGP and the amortization of DAC have been revisions to expected future investment returns, primarily realized capital losses, mortality, expenses and the number of contracts in force or persistency. The following table provides the effect on DAC

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amortization of changes in assumptions relating to the gross profit components of investment margin, benefit margin and expense margin during the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Investment margin

  $ 15   $ (399 ) $ (303 )

Benefit margin

    (45 )   129     35  

Expense margin

    42     (7 )   (59 )
               

Net deceleration (acceleration)

  $ 12   $ (277 ) $ (327 )
               

       In 2010, DAC amortization deceleration related to changes in the investment margin component of EGP primarily related to interest-sensitive life insurance and was due to higher than previously projected investment income and lower interest credited, partially offset by higher projected realized capital losses. The acceleration related to benefit margin was primarily due to lower projected renewal premium (which is also expected to reduce persistency) on interest-sensitive life insurance, partially offset by higher than previously projected revenues associated with variable life insurance due to appreciation in the underlying separate account valuations. The deceleration related to expense margin resulted from current and expected expense levels lower than previously projected. DAC amortization acceleration related to changes in the investment margin component of EGP in the first quarter of 2009 was primarily due to an increase in the level of expected realized capital losses in 2009 and 2010. The deceleration related to benefit margin was due to more favorable projected life insurance mortality. The acceleration related to expense margin resulted from current and expected expense levels higher than previously projected. DAC amortization acceleration related to changes in the investment margin component of EGP in 2008 was primarily due to the level of realized capital losses impacting actual gross profits in 2008 and the impact of realized capital losses on expected gross profits in 2009. The deceleration related to benefit margin was due to more favorable projected life insurance mortality. The acceleration related to expense margin resulted from current and expected expense levels higher than previously projected.

       The following table displays the sensitivity of reasonably likely changes in assumptions included in the gross profit components of investment margin or benefit margin to amortization of the DAC balance as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)
  December 31, 2010
Increase/(reduction) in DAC
 

Increase in future investment margins of 25 basis points

  $ 70  

Decrease in future investment margins of 25 basis points

  $ (78 )

Decrease in future life mortality by 1%

 
$

19
 

Increase in future life mortality by 1%

  $ (20 )

       Any potential changes in assumptions discussed above are measured without consideration of correlation among assumptions. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to add them together in an attempt to estimate overall variability in amortization.

       For additional detail related to DAC, see the Allstate Financial Segment section of this document.

       Reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense estimation    Reserves are established to provide for the estimated costs of paying claims and claims expenses under insurance policies we have issued. Property-Liability underwriting results are significantly influenced by estimates of property-liability insurance claims and claims expense reserves. These reserves are an estimate of amounts necessary to settle all outstanding claims, including claims that have been incurred but not reported ("IBNR"), as of the financial statement date.

       Characteristics of reserves    Reserves are established independently of business segment management for each business segment and line of business based on estimates of the ultimate cost to settle claims, less losses that have been paid. The significant lines of business are auto, homeowners, and other lines for Allstate Protection, and asbestos, environmental, and other discontinued lines for Discontinued Lines and Coverages. Allstate Protection's claims are typically reported promptly with relatively little reporting lag between the date of occurrence and the date the loss is reported. Auto and homeowners liability losses generally take an average of about two years to settle, while auto physical damage, homeowners property and other personal lines have an average settlement time of less than one year. Discontinued Lines and Coverages involve long-tail losses, such as those related to asbestos and environmental claims, which often involve substantial reporting lags and extended times to settle.

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       Reserves are the difference between the estimated ultimate cost of losses incurred and the amount of paid losses as of the reporting date. Reserves are estimated for both reported and unreported claims, and include estimates of all expenses associated with processing and settling all incurred claims. We update most of our reserve estimates quarterly and as new information becomes available or as events emerge that may affect the resolution of unsettled claims. Changes in prior year reserve estimates (reserve reestimates), which may be material, are determined by comparing updated estimates of ultimate losses to prior estimates, and the differences are recorded as property-liability insurance claims and claims expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period such changes are determined. Estimating the ultimate cost of claims and claims expenses is an inherently uncertain and complex process involving a high degree of judgment and is subject to the evaluation of numerous variables.

       The actuarial methods used to develop reserve estimates    Reserve estimates are derived by using several different actuarial estimation methods that are variations on one primary actuarial technique. The actuarial technique is known as a "chain ladder" estimation process in which historical loss patterns are applied to actual paid losses and reported losses (paid losses plus individual case reserves established by claim adjusters) for an accident year or a report year to create an estimate of how losses are likely to develop over time. An accident year refers to classifying claims based on the year in which the claims occurred. A report year refers to classifying claims based on the year in which the claims are reported. Both classifications are used to prepare estimates of required reserves for payments to be made in the future. The key assumptions affecting our reserve estimates comprise data elements including claim counts, paid losses, case reserves, and development factors calculated with this data.

       In the chain ladder estimation technique, a ratio (development factor) is calculated which compares current period results to results in the prior period for each accident year. A three-year or two-year average development factor, based on historical results, is usually multiplied by the current period experience to estimate the development of losses of each accident year into the next time period. The development factors for the future time periods for each accident year are compounded over the remaining future periods to calculate an estimate of ultimate losses for each accident year. The implicit assumption of this technique is that an average of historical development factors is predictive of future loss development, as the significant size of our experience data base achieves a high degree of statistical credibility in actuarial projections of this type. The effects of inflation are implicitly considered in the reserving process, the implicit assumption being that a multi-year average development factor includes an adequate provision. Occasionally, unusual aberrations in loss patterns are caused by external and internal factors such as changes in claim reporting, settlement patterns, unusually large losses, process changes, legal or regulatory changes, and other influences. In these instances, analyses of alternate development factor selections are performed to evaluate the effect of these factors and actuarial judgment is applied to make appropriate development factor assumptions needed to develop a best estimate of ultimate losses.

       How reserve estimates are established and updated    Reserve estimates are developed at a very detailed level, and the results of these numerous micro-level best estimates are aggregated to form a consolidated reserve estimate. For example, over one thousand actuarial estimates of the types described above are prepared each quarter to estimate losses for each line of insurance, major components of losses (such as coverages and perils), major states or groups of states and for reported losses and IBNR. The actuarial methods described above are used to analyze the settlement patterns of claims by determining the development factors for specific data elements that are necessary components of a reserve estimation process. Development factors are calculated quarterly for data elements such as claim counts reported and settled, paid losses, and paid losses combined with case reserves. The calculation of development factors from changes in these data elements also impacts claim severity trends, which is a common industry reference used to explain changes in reserve estimates. The historical development patterns for these data elements are used as the assumptions to calculate reserve estimates.

       Often, several different estimates are prepared for each detailed component, incorporating alternative analyses of changing claim settlement patterns and other influences on losses, from which we select our best estimate for each component, occasionally incorporating additional analyses and actuarial judgment, as described above. These micro-level estimates are not based on a single set of assumptions. Actuarial judgments that may be applied to these components of certain micro-level estimates generally do not have a material impact on the consolidated level of reserves. Moreover, this detailed micro-level process does not permit or result in a compilation of a company-wide roll up to generate a range of needed loss reserves that would be meaningful. Based on our review of these estimates, our best estimate of required reserves for each state/line/coverage component is recorded for each accident year, and the required reserves for each component are summed to create the reserve balance carried on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

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       Reserves are reestimated quarterly, by combining historical results with current actual results to calculate new development factors. This process incorporates the historic and latest actual trends, and other underlying changes in the data elements used to calculate reserve estimates. New development factors are likely to differ from previous development factors used in prior reserve estimates because actual results (claims reported or settled, losses paid, or changes to case reserves) occur differently than the implied assumptions contained in the previous development factor calculations. If claims reported, paid losses, or case reserve changes are greater or less than the levels estimated by previous development factors, reserve reestimates increase or decrease. When actual development of these data elements is different than the historical development pattern used in a prior period reserve estimate, a new reserve is determined. The difference between indicated reserves based on new reserve estimates and recorded reserves (the previous estimate) is the amount of reserve reestimate and is recognized as an increase or decrease in property-liability insurance claims and claims expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Total Property-liability reserve reestimates, after-tax, as a percent of net income in 2010, 2009 and 2008 were 11.1%, 8.5%, and (6.6)%, respectively. For Property-Liability, the 3-year average of reserve reestimates as a percentage of total reserves was a favorable 0.2%, for Allstate Protection, the 3-year average of reserve estimates was a favorable 0.4% and for Discontinued Lines and Coverages, the 3-year average of reserve reestimates was an unfavorable 1.2%, each of these results being consistent within a reasonable actuarial tolerance for our respective businesses. A more detailed discussion of reserve reestimates is presented in the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of this document.

       The following table shows net claims and claims expense reserves by operating segment and line of business as of December 31:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Allstate Protection

                   
 

Auto

  $ 11,034   $ 10,606   $ 10,220  
 

Homeowners

    2,442     2,399     2,824  
 

Other lines

    2,141     2,145     2,207  
               

Total Allstate Protection

    15,617     15,150     15,251  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

                   
 

Asbestos

    1,100     1,180     1,228  
 

Environmental

    201     198     195  
 

Other discontinued lines

    478     500     508  
               

Total Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    1,779     1,878     1,931  
               

Total Property-Liability

  $ 17,396   $ 17,028   $ 17,182  
               

Allstate Protection reserve estimates

       Factors affecting reserve estimates    Reserve estimates are developed based on the processes and historical development trends as previously described. These estimates are considered in conjunction with known facts and interpretations of circumstances and factors including our experience with similar cases, actual claims paid, differing payment patterns and pending levels of unpaid claims, loss management programs, product mix and contractual terms, changes in law and regulation, judicial decisions, and economic conditions. When we experience changes of the type previously mentioned, we may need to apply actuarial judgment in the determination and selection of development factors considered more reflective of the new trends, such as combining shorter or longer periods of historical results with current actual results to produce development factors based on two-year, three-year, or longer development periods to reestimate our reserves. For example, if a legal change is expected to have a significant impact on the development of claim severity for a coverage which is part of a particular line of insurance in a specific state, actuarial judgment is applied to determine appropriate development factors that will most accurately reflect the expected impact on that specific estimate. Another example would be when a change in economic conditions is expected to affect the cost of repairs to damaged autos or property for a particular line, coverage, or state, actuarial judgment is applied to determine appropriate development factors to use in the reserve estimate that will most accurately reflect the expected impacts on severity development.

       As claims are reported, for certain liability claims of sufficient size and complexity, the field adjusting staff establishes case reserve estimates of ultimate cost, based on their assessment of facts and circumstances related to each individual claim. For other claims which occur in large volumes and settle in a relatively short time frame, it is not practical or efficient to set case reserves for each claim, and a statistical case reserve is set for these claims based on estimation techniques previously described. In the normal course of business, we may also supplement our claims

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processes by utilizing third party adjusters, appraisers, engineers, inspectors, and other professionals and information sources to assess and settle catastrophe and non-catastrophe related claims.

       Historically, the case reserves set by the field adjusting staff have not proven to be an entirely accurate estimate of the ultimate cost of claims. To provide for this, a development reserve is estimated using previously described processes, and allocated to pending claims as a supplement to case reserves. Typically, the case and supplemental development reserves comprise about 90% of total reserves.

       Another major component of reserves is IBNR. Typically, IBNR comprises about 10% of total reserves.

       Generally, the initial reserves for a new accident year are established based on severity assumptions for different business segments, lines and coverages based on historical relationships to relevant inflation indicators, and reserves for prior accident years are statistically determined using processes previously described. Changes in auto current year claim severity are generally influenced by inflation in the medical and auto repair sectors of the economy. We mitigate these effects through various loss management programs. Injury claims are affected largely by medical cost inflation while physical damage claims are affected largely by auto repair cost inflation and used car prices. For auto physical damage coverages, we monitor our rate of increase in average cost per claim against a weighted average of the Maintenance and Repair price index and the Parts and Equipment price index. We believe our claim settlement initiatives, such as improvements to the claim review and settlement process, the use of special investigative units to detect fraud and handle suspect claims, litigation management and defense strategies, as well as various other loss management initiatives underway, contribute to the mitigation of injury and physical damage severity trends.

       Changes in homeowners current year claim severity are generally influenced by inflation in the cost of building materials, the cost of construction and property repair services, the cost of replacing home furnishings and other contents, the types of claims that qualify for coverage, deductibles and other economic and environmental factors. We employ various loss management programs to mitigate the effect of these factors.

       As loss experience for the current year develops for each type of loss, it is monitored relative to initial assumptions until it is judged to have sufficient statistical credibility. From that point in time and forward, reserves are reestimated using statistical actuarial processes to reflect the impact actual loss trends have on development factors incorporated into the actuarial estimation processes. Statistical credibility is usually achieved by the end of the first calendar year; however, when trends for the current accident year exceed initial assumptions sooner, they are usually determined to be credible, and reserves are increased accordingly.

       The very detailed processes for developing reserve estimates, and the lack of a need and existence of a common set of assumptions or development factors, limits aggregate reserve level testing for variability of data elements. However, by applying standard actuarial methods to consolidated historic accident year loss data for major loss types, comprising auto injury losses, auto physical damage losses and homeowner losses, we develop variability analyses consistent with the way we develop reserves by measuring the potential variability of development factors, as described in the section titled "Potential Reserve Estimate Variability" below.

       Causes of reserve estimate uncertainty    Since reserves are estimates of unpaid portions of claims and claims expenses that have occurred, including IBNR losses, the establishment of appropriate reserves, including reserves for catastrophes, requires regular reevaluation and refinement of estimates to determine our ultimate loss estimate.

       At each reporting date, the highest degree of uncertainty in estimates of losses arises from claims remaining to be settled for the current accident year and the most recent preceding accident year. The greatest degree of uncertainty exists in the current accident year because the current accident year contains the greatest proportion of losses that have not been reported or settled but must be estimated as of the current reporting date. Most of these losses relate to damaged property such as automobiles and homes, and medical care for injuries from accidents. During the first year after the end of an accident year, a large portion of the total losses for that accident year are settled. When accident year losses paid through the end of the first year following the initial accident year are incorporated into updated actuarial estimates, the trends inherent in the settlement of claims emerge more clearly. Consequently, this is the point in time at which we tend to make our largest reestimates of losses for an accident year. After the second year, the losses that we pay for an accident year typically relate to claims that are more difficult to settle, such as those involving serious injuries or litigation. Private passenger auto insurance provides a good illustration of the uncertainty of future loss estimates: our typical annual percentage payout of reserves for an accident year is approximately 45% in the first year after the end of the accident year, 20% in the second year, 15% in the third year, 10% in the fourth year, and the remaining 10% thereafter.

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       Reserves for catastrophe losses    Property-Liability claims and claims expense reserves also include reserves for catastrophe losses. Catastrophe losses are an inherent risk of the property-liability insurance industry that have contributed, and will continue to contribute, to potentially material year-to-year fluctuations in our results of operations and financial position. We define a "catastrophe" as an event that produces pre-tax losses before reinsurance in excess of $1 million and involves multiple first party policyholders, or an event that produces a number of claims in excess of a preset, per-event threshold of average claims in a specific area, occurring within a certain amount of time following the event. Catastrophes are caused by various natural events including high winds, winter storms, tornadoes, hailstorms, wildfires, tropical storms, hurricanes, earthquakes and volcanoes. We are also exposed to man-made catastrophic events, such as certain acts of terrorism or industrial accidents. The nature and level of catastrophes in any period cannot be predicted.

       The estimation of claims and claims expense reserves for catastrophes also comprises estimates of losses from reported claims and IBNR, primarily for damage to property. In general, our estimates for catastrophe reserves are based on claim adjuster inspections and the application of historical loss development factors as described previously. However, depending on the nature of the catastrophe, as noted above, the estimation process can be further complicated. For example, for hurricanes, complications could include the inability of insureds to promptly report losses, limitations placed on claims adjusting staff affecting their ability to inspect losses, determining whether losses are covered by our homeowners policy (generally for damage caused by wind or wind driven rain) or specifically excluded coverage caused by flood, estimating additional living expenses, and assessing the impact of demand surge, exposure to mold damage, and the effects of numerous other considerations, including the timing of a catastrophe in relation to other events, such as at or near the end of a financial reporting period, which can affect the availability of information needed to estimate reserves for that reporting period. In these situations, we may need to adapt our practices to accommodate these circumstances in order to determine a best estimate of our losses from a catastrophe. As an example, in 2005 to complete an estimate for certain areas affected by Hurricane Katrina and not yet inspected by our claims adjusting staff, or where we believed our historical loss development factors were not predictive, we relied on analysis of actual claim notices received compared to total PIF, as well as visual, governmental and third party information, including aerial photos, area observations, and data on wind speed and flood depth to the extent available.

       Potential reserve estimate variability    The aggregation of numerous micro-level estimates for each business segment, line of insurance, major components of losses (such as coverages and perils), and major states or groups of states for reported losses and IBNR forms the reserve liability recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Because of this detailed approach to developing our reserve estimates, there is not a single set of assumptions that determine our reserve estimates at the consolidated level. Given the numerous micro-level estimates for reported losses and IBNR, management does not believe the processes that we follow will produce a statistically credible or reliable actuarial reserve range that would be meaningful. Reserve estimates, by their very nature, are very complex to determine and subject to significant judgment, and do not represent an exact determination for each outstanding claim. Accordingly, as actual claims, and/or paid losses, and/or case reserve results emerge, our estimate of the ultimate cost to settle will be different than previously estimated.

       To develop a statistical indication of potential reserve variability within reasonably likely possible outcomes, an actuarial technique (stochastic modeling) is applied to the countrywide consolidated data elements for paid losses and paid losses combined with case reserves separately for injury losses, auto physical damage losses, and homeowners losses excluding catastrophe losses. Based on the combined historical variability of the development factors calculated for these data elements, an estimate of the standard error or standard deviation around these reserve estimates is calculated within each accident year for the last eleven years for each type of loss. The variability of these reserve estimates within one standard deviation of the mean (a measure of frequency of dispersion often viewed to be an acceptable level of accuracy) is believed by management to represent a reasonable and statistically probable measure of potential variability. Based on our products and coverages, historical experience, the statistical credibility of our extensive data and stochastic modeling of actuarial chain ladder methodologies used to develop reserve estimates, we estimate that the potential variability of our Allstate Protection reserves, excluding reserves for catastrophe losses, within a reasonable probability of other possible outcomes, may be approximately plus or minus 4%, or plus or minus $425 million in net income. A lower level of variability exists for auto injury losses, which comprise approximately 75% of reserves, due to their relatively stable development patterns over a longer duration of time required to settle claims. Other types of losses, such as auto physical damage, homeowners losses and other losses, which comprise about 25% of reserves, tend to have greater variability but are settled in a much shorter period of time. Although this evaluation reflects most reasonably likely outcomes, it is possible the final outcome may fall below or above these amounts. Historical variability of reserve estimates is reported in the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of this document.

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       Adequacy of reserve estimates    We believe our net claims and claims expense reserves are appropriately established based on available methodology, facts, technology, laws and regulations. We calculate and record a single best reserve estimate, in conformance with generally accepted actuarial standards, for each line of insurance, its components (coverages and perils) and state, for reported losses and for IBNR losses, and as a result we believe that no other estimate is better than our recorded amount. Due to the uncertainties involved, the ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded amounts, which are based on our best estimates.

Discontinued Lines and Coverages reserve estimates

       Characteristics of Discontinued Lines exposure    We continue to receive asbestos and environmental claims. Asbestos claims relate primarily to bodily injuries asserted by people who were exposed to asbestos or products containing asbestos. Environmental claims relate primarily to pollution and related clean-up costs.

       Our exposure to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims arises principally from assumed reinsurance coverage written during the 1960s through the mid-1980s, including reinsurance on primary insurance written on large U.S. companies, and from direct excess insurance written from 1972 through 1985, including substantial excess general liability coverages on large U.S. companies. Additional exposure stems from direct primary commercial insurance written during the 1960s through the mid-1980s. Other discontinued lines exposures primarily relate to general liability and product liability mass tort claims, such as those for medical devices and other products.

       In 1986, the general liability policy form used by us and others in the property-liability industry was amended to introduce an "absolute pollution exclusion," which excluded coverage for environmental damage claims, and to add an asbestos exclusion. Most general liability policies issued prior to 1987 contain annual aggregate limits for product liability coverage. General liability policies issued in 1987 and thereafter contain annual aggregate limits for product liability coverage and annual aggregate limits for all coverages. Our experience to date is that these policy form changes have limited the extent of our exposure to environmental and asbestos claim risks.

       Our exposure to liability for asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines losses manifests differently depending on whether it arises from assumed reinsurance coverage, direct excess insurance or direct primary commercial insurance. The direct insurance coverage we provided that covered asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines was substantially "excess" in nature.

       Direct excess insurance and reinsurance involve coverage written by us for specific layers of protection above retentions and other insurance plans. The nature of excess coverage and reinsurance provided to other insurers limits our exposure to loss to specific layers of protection in excess of policyholder retention on primary insurance plans. Our exposure is further limited by the significant reinsurance that we had purchased on our direct excess business.

       Our assumed reinsurance business involved writing generally small participations in other insurers' reinsurance programs. The reinsured losses in which we participate may be a proportion of all eligible losses or eligible losses in excess of defined retentions. The majority of our assumed reinsurance exposure, approximately 85%, is for excess of loss coverage, while the remaining 15% is for pro-rata coverage.

       Our direct primary commercial insurance business did not include coverage to large asbestos manufacturers. This business comprises a cross section of policyholders engaged in many diverse business sectors located throughout the country.

       How reserve estimates are established and updated    We conduct an annual review in the third quarter to evaluate and establish asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines reserves. Changes to reserves are recorded in the reporting period in which they are determined. Using established industry and actuarial best practices and assuming no change in the regulatory or economic environment, this detailed and comprehensive methodology determines asbestos reserves based on assessments of the characteristics of exposure (i.e. claim activity, potential liability, jurisdiction, products versus non-products exposure) presented by individual policyholders, and determines environmental reserves based on assessments of the characteristics of exposure (i.e. environmental damages, respective shares of liability of potentially responsible parties, appropriateness and cost of remediation) to pollution and related clean-up costs. The number and cost of these claims is affected by intense advertising by trial lawyers seeking asbestos plaintiffs, and entities with asbestos exposure seeking bankruptcy protection as a result of asbestos liabilities, initially causing a delay in the reporting of claims, often followed by an acceleration and an increase in claims and claims expenses as settlements occur.

       After evaluating our insureds' probable liabilities for asbestos and/or environmental claims, we evaluate our insureds' coverage programs for such claims. We consider our insureds' total available insurance coverage, including

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the coverage we issued. We also consider relevant judicial interpretations of policy language and applicable coverage defenses or determinations, if any.

       Evaluation of both the insureds' estimated liabilities and our exposure to the insureds depends heavily on an analysis of the relevant legal issues and litigation environment. This analysis is conducted by our specialized claims adjusting staff and legal counsel. Based on these evaluations, case reserves are established by claims adjusting staff and actuarial analysis is employed to develop an IBNR reserve, which includes estimated potential reserve development and claims that have occurred but have not been reported. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, IBNR was 60.1% and 62.3%, respectively, of combined asbestos and environmental reserves.

       For both asbestos and environmental reserves, we also evaluate our historical direct net loss and expense paid and incurred experience to assess any emerging trends, fluctuations or characteristics suggested by the aggregate paid and incurred activity.

       Other Discontinued Lines and Coverages    The following table shows reserves for other discontinued lines which provide for remaining loss and loss expense liabilities related to business no longer written by us, other than asbestos and environmental, as of December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Other mass torts

  $ 188   $ 201   $ 177  

Workers' compensation

    116     122     130  

Commercial and other

    174     177     201  
               

Other discontinued lines

  $ 478   $ 500   $ 508  
               

       Other mass torts describes direct excess and reinsurance general liability coverage provided for cumulative injury losses other than asbestos and environmental. Workers' compensation and commercial and other include run-off from discontinued direct primary, direct excess and reinsurance commercial insurance operations of various coverage exposures other than asbestos and environmental. Reserves are based on considerations similar to those previously described, as they relate to the characteristics of specific individual coverage exposures.

       Potential reserve estimate variability    Establishing Discontinued Lines and Coverages net loss reserves for asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims is subject to uncertainties that are much greater than those presented by other types of claims. Among the complications are lack of historical data, long reporting delays, uncertainty as to the number and identity of insureds with potential exposure and unresolved legal issues regarding policy coverage; unresolved legal issues regarding the determination, availability and timing of exhaustion of policy limits; plaintiffs' evolving and expanding theories of liability; availability and collectability of recoveries from reinsurance; retrospectively determined premiums and other contractual agreements; estimates of the extent and timing of any contractual liability; the impact of bankruptcy protection sought by various asbestos producers and other asbestos defendants; and other uncertainties. There are also complex legal issues concerning the interpretation of various insurance policy provisions and whether those losses are covered, or were ever intended to be covered, and could be recoverable through retrospectively determined premium, reinsurance or other contractual agreements. Courts have reached different and sometimes inconsistent conclusions as to when losses are deemed to have occurred and which policies provide coverage; what types of losses are covered; whether there is an insurer obligation to defend; how policy limits are determined; how policy exclusions and conditions are applied and interpreted; and whether clean-up costs represent insured property damage. Our reserves for asbestos and environmental exposures could be affected by tort reform, class action litigation, and other potential legislation and judicial decisions. Environmental exposures could also be affected by a change in the existing federal Superfund law and similar state statutes. There can be no assurance that any reform legislation will be enacted or that any such legislation will provide for a fair, effective and cost-efficient system for settlement of asbestos or environmental claims. We believe these issues are not likely to be resolved in the near future, and the ultimate costs may vary materially from the amounts currently recorded resulting in material changes in loss reserves. Historical variability of reserve estimates is demonstrated in the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of this document.

       Adequacy of reserve estimates    Management believes its net loss reserves for environmental, asbestos and other discontinued lines exposures are appropriately established based on available facts, technology, laws, regulations, and assessments of other pertinent factors and characteristics of exposure (i.e. claim activity, potential liability, jurisdiction, products versus non-products exposure) presented by individual policyholders, assuming no change in the legal, legislative or economic environment. Due to the uncertainties and factors described above, management believes it is not practicable to develop a meaningful range for any such additional net loss reserves that may be required.

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       Further discussion of reserve estimates    For further discussion of these estimates and quantification of the impact of reserve estimates, reserve reestimates and assumptions, see Notes 7 and 13 to the consolidated financial statements and the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of this document.

       Reserve for life-contingent contract benefits estimation    Due to the long term nature of traditional life insurance, life-contingent immediate annuities and voluntary health products, benefits are payable over many years; accordingly, the reserves are calculated as the present value of future expected benefits to be paid, reduced by the present value of future expected net premiums. Long-term actuarial assumptions of future investment yields, mortality, morbidity, policy terminations and expenses are used when establishing the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits payable under these insurance policies. These assumptions, which for traditional life insurance are applied using the net level premium method, include provisions for adverse deviation and generally vary by characteristics such as type of coverage, year of issue and policy duration. Future investment yield assumptions are determined based upon prevailing investment yields as well as estimated reinvestment yields. Mortality, morbidity and policy termination assumptions are based on our experience and industry experience. Expense assumptions include the estimated effects of inflation and expenses to be incurred beyond the premium-paying period. These assumptions are established at the time the policy is issued, are consistent with assumptions for determining DAC amortization for these policies, and are generally not changed during the policy coverage period. However, if actual experience emerges in a manner that is significantly adverse relative to the original assumptions, adjustments to DAC or reserves may be required resulting in a charge to earnings which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition. We periodically review the adequacy of reserves and recoverability of DAC for these policies on an aggregate basis using actual experience. In the event actual experience is significantly adverse compared to the original assumptions and a premium deficiency is determined to exist, any remaining unamortized DAC balance must be expensed to the extent not recoverable and the establishment of a premium deficiency reserve may be required. In 2010 and 2009, our reviews concluded that no premium deficiency adjustments were necessary, primarily due to profit from traditional life insurance more than offsetting the projected losses in immediate annuities with life contingencies. In 2008, for traditional life insurance and immediate annuities with life contingencies, an aggregate premium deficiency of $336 million pre-tax ($219 million after-tax) resulted primarily from a study indicating that the annuitants on certain life-contingent contracts are projected to live longer than we anticipated when the contracts were issued and, to a lesser degree, a reduction in the related investment portfolio yield. The deficiency was recorded through a reduction in DAC. We will continue to monitor the experience of our traditional life insurance and immediate annuities. We anticipate that mortality, investment and reinvestment yields, and policy terminations are the factors that would be most likely to require premium deficiency adjustments to these reserves or related DAC.

       For further detail on the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits, see Note 8 of the consolidated financial statements.

PROPERTY-LIABILITY 2010 HIGHLIGHTS

Premiums written, an operating measure that is defined and reconciled to premiums earned in the Property-Liability Operations section of the MD&A, decreased 0.2% to $25.91 billion in 2010 from $25.97 billion in 2009.
Allstate brand standard auto premiums written increased 0.5% to $15.84 billion in 2010 from $15.76 billion in 2009.
Allstate brand homeowners premiums written increased 2.1% to $5.75 billion in 2010 from $5.64 billion in 2009.
Encompass brand premiums written decreased 17.5% to $1.10 billion in 2010 from $1.33 billion in 2009.
Premium operating measures and statistics contributing to overall Allstate brand standard auto premiums written increase were the following:
1.5% decrease in PIF as of December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009
2.1% increase in the six month policy term average gross premium before reinsurance to $443 in 2010 from $434 in 2009
0.2 point decrease in the six month renewal ratio to 88.7% in 2010 compared to 88.9% in 2009
0.2% decrease in new issued applications in 2010 compared to 2009
Premium operating measures and statistics contributing to overall Allstate brand homeowners premiums written increase were the following:
4.1% decrease in PIF as of December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009
6.8% increase in the twelve month policy term average gross premium before reinsurance to $943 in 2010 from $883 in 2009
0.3 point increase in the twelve month renewal ratio to 88.4% in 2010 compared to 88.1% in 2009
3.6% decrease in new issued applications in 2010 compared to 2009
$27 million decrease in catastrophe reinsurance costs to $534 million in 2010 from $561 million in 2009

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Factors comprising the Allstate brand standard auto loss ratio increase of 1.4 points to 70.7 in 2010 from 69.3 in 2009 were the following:
2.0% increase in standard auto claim frequency for property damage in 2010 compared to 2009
6.2% increase in standard auto claim frequency for bodily injury in 2010 compared to 2009
0.5% decrease in auto paid claim severities for property damage in 2010 compared to 2009
0.3% decrease in auto paid claim severities for bodily injury in 2010 compared to 2009
Factors comprising the Allstate brand homeowners loss ratio, which includes catastrophes, increase of 2.5 points to 82.1 in 2010 from 79.6 in 2009 were the following:
2.3 point increase in the effect of catastrophe losses to 31.3 points in 2010 compared to 29.0 points in 2009
1.1% decrease in homeowner claim frequency, excluding catastrophes, in 2010 compared to 2009
1.6% increase in paid claim severity, excluding catastrophes, in 2010 compared to 2009
Factors comprising the $138 million increase in catastrophe losses to $2.21 billion in 2010 compared to $2.07 billion in 2009 were the following:
90 events with losses of $2.37 billion in 2010 compared to 82 events with losses of $2.24 billion in 2009
$163 million favorable prior year reserve reestimates in 2010 compared to $169 million favorable reserve reestimates in 2009
Factors comprising prior year reserve reestimates of $159 million favorable in 2010 compared to $112 million favorable in 2009 included:
prior year reserve reestimates related to auto, homeowners and other personal lines in 2010 contributed $179 million favorable, $23 million favorable and $15 million unfavorable, respectively, compared to prior year reserve reestimates in 2009 of $57 million favorable, $168 million favorable and $89 million unfavorable, respectively
prior year reestimates in 2010 are attributable to favorable prior year catastrophe reestimates and severity development that was better than expected, partially offset by litigation settlements
Property-Liability underwriting income was $495 million in 2010 compared to $995 million in 2009. Underwriting income, a measure not based on GAAP, is defined below.
Property-Liability investments as of December 31, 2010 were $35.05 billion, an increase of 1.5% from $34.53 billion as of December 31, 2009. Net investment income was $1.19 billion in 2010, a decrease of 10.5% from $1.33 billion in 2009.
Net realized capital losses were $321 million in 2010 compared to $168 million in 2009.

PROPERTY-LIABILITY OPERATIONS

       Overview Our Property-Liability operations consist of two business segments: Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages. Allstate Protection comprises two brands, the Allstate brand and Encompass® brand. Allstate Protection is principally engaged in the sale of personal property and casualty insurance, primarily private passenger auto and homeowners insurance, to individuals in the United States and Canada. Discontinued Lines and Coverages includes results from insurance coverage that we no longer write and results for certain commercial and other businesses in run-off. These segments are consistent with the groupings of financial information that management uses to evaluate performance and to determine the allocation of resources.

       Underwriting income, a measure that is not based on GAAP and is reconciled to net income below, is calculated as premiums earned, less claims and claims expense ("losses"), amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses and restructuring and related charges, as determined using GAAP. We use this measure in our evaluation of results of operations to analyze the profitability of the Property-Liability insurance operations separately from investment results. It is also an integral component of incentive compensation. It is useful for investors to evaluate the components of income separately and in the aggregate when reviewing performance. Net income is the GAAP measure most directly comparable to underwriting income. Underwriting income should not be considered as a substitute for net income and does not reflect the overall profitability of the business.

       The table below includes GAAP operating ratios we use to measure our profitability. We believe that they enhance an investor's understanding of our profitability. They are calculated as follows:

Claims and claims expense ("loss") ratio – the ratio of claims and claims expense to premiums earned. Loss ratios include the impact of catastrophe losses.
Expense ratio – the ratio of amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses, and restructuring and related charges to premiums earned.
Combined ratio – the ratio of claims and claims expense, amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses, and restructuring and related charges to premiums earned. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss ratio and the

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       We have also calculated the following impacts of specific items on the GAAP operating ratios because of the volatility of these items between fiscal periods.

Effect of catastrophe losses on combined ratio – the percentage of catastrophe losses included in claims and claims expense to premiums earned. This ratio includes prior year reserve reestimates of catastrophe losses.
Effect of prior year reserve reestimates on combined ratio – the percentage of prior year reserve reestimates included in claims and claims expense to premiums earned. This ratio includes prior year reserve reestimates of catastrophe losses.
Effect of restructuring and related charges on combined ratio – the percentage of restructuring and related charges to premiums earned.
Effect of Discontinued Lines and Coverages on combined ratio – the ratio of claims and claims expense and other costs and expenses in the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment to Property-Liability premiums earned. The sum of the effect of Discontinued Lines and Coverages on the combined ratio and the Allstate Protection combined ratio is equal to the Property-Liability combined ratio.

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       Summarized financial data, a reconciliation of underwriting income to net income, and GAAP operating ratios for our Property-Liability operations are presented in the following table.

($ in millions, except ratios)
  2010   2009   2008  

Premiums written

  $ 25,907   $ 25,971   $ 26,584  
               

Revenues

                   

Premiums earned

  $ 25,957   $ 26,194   $ 26,967  

Net investment income

    1,189     1,328     1,674  

Realized capital gains and losses

    (321 )   (168 )   (1,858 )
               

Total revenues

    26,825     27,354     26,783  

Costs and expenses

                   

Claims and claims expense

    (18,951 )   (18,746 )   (20,064 )

Amortization of DAC

    (3,678 )   (3,789 )   (3,975 )

Operating costs and expenses

    (2,800 )   (2,559 )   (2,742 )

Restructuring and related charges

    (33 )   (105 )   (22 )
               

Total costs and expenses

    (25,462 )   (25,199 )   (26,803 )

Gain on disposition of operations

   
5
   
   
 

Income tax (expense) benefit

    (314 )   (612 )   248  
               

Net income

 
$

1,054
 
$

1,543
 
$

228
 
               

Underwriting income

  $ 495   $ 995   $ 164  

Net investment income

    1,189     1,328     1,674  

Income tax expense on operations

    (426 )   (558 )   (401 )

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

    (207 )   (222 )   (1,209 )

Gain on disposition of operations, after-tax

    3          
               

Net income

  $ 1,054   $ 1,543   $ 228  
               

Catastrophe losses (1)

 
$

2,207
 
$

2,069
 
$

3,342
 
               

GAAP operating ratios

                   

Claims and claims expense ratio

    73.0     71.6     74.4  

Expense ratio

    25.1     24.6     25.0  
               

Combined ratio

    98.1     96.2     99.4  
               

Effect of catastrophe losses on combined ratio (1)

    8.5     7.9     12.4  
               

Effect of prior year reserve reestimates on combined ratio (1)

    (0.6 )   (0.4 )   0.7  
               

Effect of restructuring and related charges on combined ratio

    0.1     0.4     0.1  
               

Effect of Discontinued Lines and Coverages on combined ratio

    0.1     0.1     0.1  
               

(1)
Prior year reserve reestimates included in catastrophe losses totaled $163 million favorable in 2010, $169 million favorable in 2009 and $125 million unfavorable in 2008.

ALLSTATE PROTECTION SEGMENT

       Overview and strategy    The Allstate Protection segment sells primarily private passenger auto and homeowners insurance to individuals through Allstate Exclusive Agencies and directly through call centers and the internet under the Allstate brand. We also sell auto and homeowners insurance through independent agencies under both the Allstate brand and the Encompass brand.

       Our operating priorities for the Protection segment include achieving profitable market share growth for our auto business as well as earning acceptable returns on our homeowners business. Key goals include:

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       Our customer-focused strategy for the Allstate brand aligns targeted marketing, product innovation, distribution effectiveness, and pricing toward acquiring and retaining an increased share of our target customers, which generally refers to consumers who want to purchase multiple products from one insurance provider including auto, homeowners and financial products, who have better retention and potentially present more favorable prospects for profitability over the course of their relationships with us.

       The Allstate brand utilizes marketing delivered to target customers to promote our strategic priorities, with messaging that continues to communicate affordability and ease of doing business with Allstate, as well as the importance of having proper coverage by highlighting our comprehensive product and coverage options.

       At Allstate we differentiate ourselves from competitors by offering a comprehensive range of innovative product options and features as well as product customization, including Allstate Your Choice Auto® with options such as accident forgiveness, safe driving deductible rewards and a safe driving bonus. We will continue to focus on developing and introducing products and services that benefit today's consumers and further differentiate Allstate and enhance the customer experience. We will deepen customer relationships through value-added customer interactions and expanding our presence in households with multiple products by providing financial protection for customer needs.

       Within our multiple distribution channels we are undergoing a focused effort to enhance our capabilities by implementing uniform processes and standards to elevate the level and consistency of our customer experience.

       We continue to enhance technology to integrate our distribution channels, improve customer service, facilitate the introduction of new products and services and reduce infrastructure costs related to supporting agencies and handling claims. These actions and others are designed to optimize the effectiveness of our distribution and service channels by increasing the productivity of the Allstate brand's exclusive agencies and our direct channel.

       Our pricing and underwriting strategies and decisions, made in conjunction within a program called Strategic Risk Management, are designed to enhance both our competitive position and our profit potential. Pricing sophistication, which underlies our Strategic Risk Management program, uses a number of risk evaluation factors including insurance scoring, to the extent permissible by regulations, based on information that is obtained from credit reports. Our updated auto risk evaluation pricing model was implemented for 9 states in 2010 and these implementations will continue in other states throughout 2011. Our pricing strategy involves marketplace pricing and underwriting decisions that are based on these risk evaluation models and an evaluation of competitors.

       We will also continue to provide a range of discounts to attract more target customers. For Allstate brand auto and homeowners business, we continue to improve our mix of customers towards those customers that have better retention and thus potentially present more favorable prospects for profitability over the course of their relationships with us. For homeowners, we will address rate adequacy and improve underwriting and claim effectiveness.

       Our strategy for the Encompass brand includes enhancing our premier package policy (providing customers with the ability to simplify their insurance needs by consolidating their coverage into one policy, with one bill, one premium and one renewal date) to appeal to customers with broad personal lines coverage needs and that value an independent agent. Additionally, Encompass is focused on increasing distribution effectiveness and improving agency technology interfaces to become the package carrier of choice for aligned agencies to generate stable, consistent earnings growth.

       The Allstate Protection segment also includes a separate organization called Emerging Businesses which comprises Business Insurance (commercial products for small business owners), Consumer Household (specialty products including motorcycle, boat, renters and condominium insurance policies), Allstate Dealer Services (insurance and non-insurance products sold primarily to auto dealers), Allstate Roadside Services (retail and wholesale roadside assistance products) and Ivantage (insurance agency). Premiums written by Emerging Businesses, through all channels including the direct channel, were $2.43 billion in 2010. We expect to accelerate profitable growth in Emerging Businesses during 2011.

       We continue to manage our property catastrophe exposure in order to provide our shareholders an acceptable return on the risks assumed in our property business and to reduce the variability of our earnings, while providing protection to our customers. Our property business includes personal homeowners, commercial property and other property lines. As of December 31, 2010, we continue to be within our goal to have no more than a 1% likelihood of exceeding annual aggregate catastrophe losses by $2 billion, net of reinsurance, from hurricanes and earthquakes, based on modeled assumptions and applications currently available. The use of different assumptions and updates to industry models could materially change the projected loss.

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       Property catastrophe exposure management includes purchasing reinsurance to provide coverage for known exposure to hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires, fires following earthquakes and other catastrophes. We are also working for changes in the regulatory environment, including recognizing the need for and improving appropriate risk based pricing and promoting the creation of government sponsored, privately funded solutions for mega-catastrophes. While the actions that we take will be primarily focused on reducing the catastrophe exposure in our property business, we also consider their impact on our ability to market our auto lines.

       Pricing of property products is typically intended to establish returns that we deem acceptable over a long-term period. Losses, including losses from catastrophic events and weather-related losses (such as wind, hail, lightning and freeze losses not meeting our criteria to be declared a catastrophe) are accrued on an occurrence basis within the policy period. Therefore, in any reporting period, loss experience from catastrophic events and weather-related losses may contribute to negative or positive underwriting performance relative to the expectations we incorporated into the products' pricing. We pursue rate increases where indicated using a newly re-designed methodology that appropriately addresses the changing costs of losses from catastrophes such as severe weather and the net cost of reinsurance.

Allstate Protection outlook

       Premiums written, an operating measure, is the amount of premiums charged for policies issued during a fiscal period. Premiums earned is a GAAP measure. Premiums are considered earned and are included in the financial results on a pro-rata basis over the policy period. The portion of premiums written applicable to the unexpired terms of the policies is recorded as unearned premiums on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Since the Allstate brand policy periods are typically 6 months for auto and 12 months for homeowners, and the Encompass standard auto and homeowners policy periods are typically 12 months and non-standard auto policy periods are typically 6 months, rate changes will generally be recognized in premiums earned over a period of 6 to 24 months.

       The following table shows the unearned premium balance as of December 31 and the timeframe in which we expect to recognize these premiums as earned.

($ in millions)
   
   
  % earned after  
 
  2010   2009   90 days   180 days   270 days   360 days  

Allstate brand:

                                     

Standard auto

  $ 4,103   $ 4,060     72.8 %   97.7 %   99.4 %   100.0 %

Non-standard auto

    239     250     69.5 %   95.4 %   99.0 %   100.0 %

Homeowners

    3,259     3,193     43.5 %   75.6 %   94.2 %   100.0 %

Other personal lines (1)

    1,276     1,295     40.0 %   69.7 %   87.9 %   94.8 %
                                   

Total Allstate brand

    8,877     8,798     57.3 %   85.6 %   95.9 %   99.2 %

Encompass brand:

                                     

Standard auto

    327     399     44.0 %   75.7 %   94.2 %   100.0 %

Non-standard auto

    1     4     75.9 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %

Homeowners

    206     233     44.0 %   76.0 %   94.3 %   100.0 %

Other personal lines (1)

    47     52     43.8 %   75.7 %   94.3 %   100.0 %
                                   

Total Encompass brand

    581     688     44.1 %   75.8 %   94.2 %   100.0 %
                                   

Allstate Protection unearned premiums

  $ 9,458   $ 9,486     56.5 %   85.0 %   95.8 %   99.3 %
                                   

(1)
Other personal lines include commercial, condominium, renters, involuntary auto and other personal lines.

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       A reconciliation of premiums written to premiums earned is shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Premiums written:

                   

Allstate Protection

  $ 25,906   $ 25,972   $ 26,584  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    1     (1 )    
               

Property-Liability premiums written

    25,907     25,971     26,584  

Decrease in unearned premiums

    19     200     383  

Other

    31     23      
               

Property-Liability premiums earned

  $ 25,957   $ 26,194   $ 26,967  
               

Premiums earned:

                   

Allstate Protection

  $ 25,955   $ 26,195   $ 26,967  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    2     (1 )    
               

Property-Liability

  $ 25,957   $ 26,194   $ 26,967  
               

       Premiums written by brand are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand   Allstate Protection  
 
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

Standard auto

  $ 15,842   $ 15,763   $ 15,918   $ 644   $ 800   $ 1,025   $ 16,486   $ 16,563   $ 16,943  

Non-standard auto

    883     927     1,018     6     22     40     889     949     1,058  

Homeowners

    5,753     5,635     5,639     357     408     471     6,110     6,043     6,110  

Other personal lines

    2,331     2,317     2,358     90     100     115     2,421     2,417     2,473  
                                       

Total

  $ 24,809   $ 24,642   $ 24,933   $ 1,097   $ 1,330   $ 1,651   $ 25,906   $ 25,972   $ 26,584  
                                       

       Allstate brand premiums written, excluding Allstate Canada, by the direct channel increased 19.8% to $745 million in 2010 from $622 million in 2009, reflecting an impact by profitability management actions taken in New York, Florida, California and North Carolina, following a 25.4% increase from $496 million in 2008. The direct channel includes call centers and the internet.

       Premiums earned by brand are shown in the following tables.

($ in millions)
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand   Allstate Protection  
 
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

Standard auto

  $ 15,814   $ 15,735   $ 15,957   $ 716   $ 907   $ 1,091   $ 16,530   $ 16,642   $ 17,048  

Non-standard auto

    896     939     1,055     9     27     45     905     966     1,100  

Homeowners

    5,693     5,633     5,758     385     444     503     6,078     6,077     6,261  

Other personal lines

    2,348     2,402     2,434     94     108     124     2,442     2,510     2,558  
                                       

Total

  $ 24,751   $ 24,709   $ 25,204   $ 1,204   $ 1,486   $ 1,763   $ 25,955   $ 26,195   $ 26,967  
                                       

       Premium operating measures and statistics that are used to analyze the business are calculated and described below. Measures and statistics presented for Allstate brand exclude Allstate Canada, loan protection and specialty auto.

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       Standard auto premiums written totaled $16.49 billion in 2010, a decrease of 0.5% from $16.56 billion in 2009, following a 2.2% decrease in 2009 from $16.94 billion in 2008.

 
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand  
Standard Auto
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

PIF (thousands)

    17,484     17,744     17,924     689     859     1,090  

Average premium-gross written (1)

  $ 443   $ 434   $ 427   $ 979   $ 972   $ 961  

Renewal ratio (%) (1)

    88.7     88.9     88.9     69.2     69.6     73.9  

(1)
Policy term is six months for Allstate brand and twelve months for Encompass brand.

       Allstate brand standard auto premiums written totaled $15.84 billion in 2010, an increase of 0.5% from $15.76 billion in 2009, following a 1.0% decrease in 2009 from $15.92 billion in 2008. Contributing to the Allstate brand standard auto premiums written increase were the following:

       Allstate brand standard auto premiums written decreased in 2009 compared to 2008. Contributing to the Allstate brand standard auto premiums written decrease in 2009 compared to 2008 were the following:

       The level of Encompass premiums written continues to be impacted by comprehensive actions designed to improve Encompass brand profitability, which will continue through 2011. Some of the actions contributing to the Encompass brand standard auto premiums written decrease in 2010 compared to 2009 were the following:

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       These actions have allowed Encompass to position itself with aligned agencies as the package policy carrier of choice for customers with broad personal lines coverage needs in order to drive stable, consistent earnings growth over time.

       Rate changes that are indicated based on loss trend analysis to achieve a targeted return will continue to be pursued. The following table shows the rate changes that were approved for standard auto and does not include rating plan enhancements, including the introduction of discounts and surcharges, that result in no change in the overall rate level in the state. These rate changes do not reflect initial rates filed for insurance subsidiaries initially writing business in a state.

 
  # of States   Countrywide (%) (1)   State Specific (%) (2)(3)  
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009  

Allstate brand (4)

    45  (5)   36     1.4     4.6     2.2     7.2  

Encompass brand

    24     36     1.4     7.3     2.7     9.3  

(1)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2010 and 2009, respectively, as a percentage of total countrywide prior year-end premiums written.
(2)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2010 and 2009, respectively, as a percentage of its respective total prior year-end premiums written in those states.
(3)
Based on historical premiums written in those states, rate changes approved for standard auto totaled $218 million in 2010 compared to $784 million in 2009.
(4)
Includes Washington D.C.
(5)
Includes targeted rate decreases in certain markets to improve our competitive position for target customers.

       Non-standard auto premiums written totaled $889 million in 2010, a decrease of 6.3% from $949 million in 2009, following a 10.3% decrease in 2009 from $1.06 billion in 2008.

 
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand  
Non-Standard Auto
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

PIF (thousands)

    640     719     745     5     20     39  

Average premium-gross written (6 months)

  $ 624   $ 616   $ 624   $ 426   $ 476   $ 479  

Renewal ratio (%) (6 months)

    71.4     72.5     73.7     46.9     67.1     68.3  

       Allstate brand non-standard auto premiums written totaled $883 million in 2010, a decrease of 4.7% from $927 million in 2009, following a 8.9% decrease in 2009 from $1.02 billion in 2008. Contributing to the Allstate brand non-standard auto premiums written decrease in 2010 compared to 2009 were the following:

       Allstate brand non-standard auto premiums written decreased in 2009 compared to 2008. Contributing to the Allstate brand non-standard auto premiums written decrease in 2009 compared to 2008 were the following:

       Rate changes that are indicated based on loss trend analysis to achieve a targeted return will continue to be pursued. The following table shows the rate changes that were approved for non-standard auto and does not include rating plan enhancements, including the introduction of discounts and surcharges, that result in no change in the

49


overall rate level in the state. These rate changes do not reflect initial rates filed for insurance subsidiaries initially writing business in a state.

 
  # of States   Countrywide (%) (1)   State Specific (%) (2)(3)  
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009  

Allstate brand

    11  (4)   11     4.6     2.6     9.6     6.5  

Encompass brand

        1         0.9         31.7  

(1)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2010 and 2009, respectively, as a percentage of total countrywide prior year-end premiums written.
(2)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2010 and 2009, respectively, as a percentage of its respective total prior year-end premiums written in those states.
(3)
Based on historical premiums written in those states, rate changes approved for non-standard auto totaled $41 million in 2010 compared to $25 million in 2009.
(4)
Includes Washington D.C.

       Homeowners premiums written totaled $6.11 billion in 2010, an increase of 1.1% from $6.04 billion in 2009, following a 1.1% decrease in 2009 from $6.11 billion in 2008. Excluding the cost of catastrophe reinsurance, premiums written increased 0.6% in 2010 compared to 2009. For a more detailed discussion on reinsurance, see the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of the MD&A and Note 9 of the consolidated financial statements.

 
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand  
Homeowners
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

PIF (thousands)

    6,690     6,973     7,255     314     371     446  

Average premium-gross written (12 months)

  $ 943   $ 883   $ 861   $ 1,298   $ 1,265   $ 1,206  

Renewal ratio (%) (12 months)

    88.4     88.1     87.0     78.1     78.9     80.6  

       Allstate brand homeowners premiums written totaled $5.75 billion in 2010, an increase of 2.1% from $5.64 billion in 2009, following a 2009 comparable to 2008. Contributing to the Allstate brand homeowners premiums written increase in 2010 compared to 2009 were the following:

       As of December 31, 2010, an increased Home and Auto discount is now available in 40 states. This has successfully shifted our mix of new business towards target customers.

       Actions taken to manage our catastrophe exposure in areas with known exposure to hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires, fires following earthquakes and other catastrophes have had an impact on our new business writings and retention for homeowners insurance, and this impact will continue in 2011, although to a lesser degree. For a more detailed discussion on exposure management actions, see the Catastrophe Management section of the MD&A.

       Allstate brand homeowners premiums written in 2009 were comparable to 2008. Contributing to the Allstate brand homeowners premiums written in 2009 compared to 2008 were the following:

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       Rate changes that are indicated based on loss trend analysis to achieve a targeted return will continue to be pursued. The following table shows the rate changes that were approved for homeowners, including rate changes approved based on our net cost of reinsurance, and does not include rating plan enhancements, including the introduction of discounts and surcharges, that result in no change in the overall rate level in the state.

 
  # of States   Countrywide (%) (1)   State Specific (%) (2)(3)  
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009  

Allstate brand (4)

    32     40     7.0     8.4     10.0     10.7  

Encompass brand (4)

    23     36     0.7     4.4     1.4     5.9  

(1)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2010 and 2009, respectively, as a percentage of total countrywide prior year-end premiums written.
(2)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2010 and 2009, respectively, as a percentage of its respective total prior year-end premiums written in those states.
(3)
Based on historical premiums written in those states, rate changes approved for homeowners totaled $424 million in 2010 compared to $534 million in 2009.
(4)
Includes Washington D.C.

       Underwriting results are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Premiums written

  $ 25,906   $ 25,972   $ 26,584  
               

Premiums earned

  $ 25,955   $ 26,195   $ 26,967  

Claims and claims expense

    (18,923 )   (18,722 )   (20,046 )

Amortization of DAC

    (3,678 )   (3,789 )   (3,975 )

Other costs and expenses

    (2,795 )   (2,552 )   (2,735 )

Restructuring and related charges

    (33 )   (105 )   (22 )
               

Underwriting income

  $ 526   $ 1,027   $ 189  
               

Catastrophe losses

  $ 2,207   $ 2,069   $ 3,342  
               

Underwriting income (loss) by line of business

                   

Standard auto (1)

  $ 692   $ 987   $ 1,247  

Non-standard auto

    74     76     136  

Homeowners

    (335 )   (125 )   (1,175 )

Other personal lines (1)

    95     89     (19 )
               

Underwriting income

  $ 526   $ 1,027   $ 189  
               

Underwriting income (loss) by brand

                   

Allstate brand

  $ 569   $ 1,022   $ 220  

Encompass brand

    (43 )   5     (31 )
               

Underwriting income

  $ 526   $ 1,027   $ 189  
               

(1)
During 2008, $45 million of IBNR losses were reclassified from standard auto to other personal lines to be consistent with the recording of excess liability policies' premiums and losses.

       Allstate Protection experienced underwriting income of $526 million in 2010 compared to $1.03 billion in 2009, primarily due to decreases in standard auto underwriting income and increases in homeowners underwriting losses, partially offset by increases in other personal lines underwriting income. Standard auto underwriting income decreased 29.9% to an underwriting income of $692 million in 2010 from an underwriting income of $987 million in 2009 primarily due to increases in auto claim frequency and expenses and a $25 million litigation settlement, partially offset by favorable reserve reestimates and decreases in catastrophe losses. Homeowners underwriting loss increased $210 million to an underwriting loss of $335 million in 2010 from an underwriting loss of $125 million in 2009 primarily due to a $75 million unfavorable prior year reserve reestimate related to a litigation settlement and increases in

51



expenses and catastrophe losses, including prior year reestimates for catastrophes, partially offset by average earned premiums increasing faster than loss costs. Other personal lines underwriting income increased 6.7% to an underwriting income of $95 million in 2010 from an underwriting income of $89 million in 2009 primarily due to lower unfavorable reserve reestimates. For further discussion and quantification of the impact of reserve estimates and assumptions, see the Application of Critical Accounting Estimates and Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves sections of the MD&A.

       Allstate Protection experienced underwriting income of $1.03 billion during 2009 compared to $189 million in 2008 primarily due to decreases in homeowners underwriting loss, partially offset by decreases in standard auto underwriting income. Homeowners underwriting loss decreased 89.4% to an underwriting loss of $125 million in 2009 from an underwriting loss of $1.18 billion in 2008, primarily due to lower catastrophes losses, partially offset by increases in homeowner claim frequency and claim severities excluding catastrophes. Standard auto underwriting income decreased 20.9% to $987 million in 2009 from $1.25 billion in 2008, primarily due to increases in auto claim frequency and lower premiums earned.

       Catastrophe losses in 2010 were $2.21 billion as detailed in the table below. This compares to catastrophe losses in 2009 of $2.07 billion.

       We define a "catastrophe" as an event that produces pre-tax losses before reinsurance in excess of $1 million and involves multiple first party policyholders, or an event that produces a number of claims in excess of a preset, per-event threshold of average claims in a specific area, occurring within a certain amount of time following the event. Catastrophes are caused by various natural events including high winds, winter storms, tornadoes, hailstorms, wildfires, tropical storms, hurricanes, earthquakes and volcanoes. We are also exposed to man-made catastrophic events, such as certain acts of terrorism or industrial accidents. The nature and level of catastrophes in any future period cannot be reliably predicted.

       Catastrophe losses related to events that occurred by the size of the event are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010  
 
  Number
of events
   
  Claims
and claims
expense
   
  Combined
ratio
impact
  Average
catastrophe
loss per event
 

Size of catastrophe

                                     

Greater than $250 million

    1     1.1 % $ 355     16.1 %   1.4   $ 355  

$101 million to $250 million

    4     4.4     610     27.6     2.3     153  

$50 million to $100 million

    8     8.9     511     23.2     2.0     64  

Less than $50 million

    77     85.6     894     40.5     3.4     12  
                             
 

Total

    90     100.0 %   2,370     107.4     9.1     26  
                                   

Prior year reserve reestimates

                (163 )   (7.4 )   (0.6 )      
                                 
 

Total catastrophe losses

              $ 2,207     100.0 %   8.5        
                                 

       Catastrophe losses incurred by the type of event are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  
 
   
  Number
of events
   
  Number
of events
   
  Number
of events
 

Hurricanes/Tropical storms

  $ 15     1   $ 48     1   $ 1,381     5  

Tornadoes

    174     7     384     4     628     19  

Wind/Hail

    1,908     74     1,561     67     960     81  

Wildfires

    15     1     83     5     169     9  

Other events

    258     7     162     5     79     9  
                                 

Prior year reserve reestimates

    (163 )         (169 )         125        
                                 
 

Total catastrophe losses

  $ 2,207     90   $ 2,069     82   $ 3,342     123  
                           

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       Combined ratio    Loss ratios are a measure of profitability. Loss ratios by product, and expense and combined ratios by brand, are shown in the following table. These ratios are defined in the Property-Liability Operations section of the MD&A.

 
  Loss ratio (2)   Effect of catastrophe
losses on the loss ratio
  Effect of pre-tax
reserve reestimates
on the combined ratio
 
 
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

Allstate brand loss ratio:

                                                       

Standard auto

    70.7     69.3     68.1     1.0     1.2     1.5     (0.9 )   (0.3 )   0.1  

Non-standard auto

    67.2     67.1     62.3     0.3     0.7     0.9     (3.6 )   (1.6 )   (0.1 )

Homeowners

    82.1     79.6     96.3     31.3     29.0     46.5     (0.3 )   (2.6 )   2.1  

Other personal lines

    66.4     67.3     69.3     7.2     7.0     10.6     0.7     3.5     0.6  

Total Allstate brand loss ratio

   
72.8
   
71.4
   
74.4
   
8.5
   
8.1
   
12.6
   
(0.7

)
 
(0.5

)
 
0.6
 

Allstate brand expense ratio

    24.9     24.5     24.7                                      
                                                   

Allstate brand combined ratio

    97.7     95.9     99.1                                      
                                                   

Encompass brand loss ratio:

                                                       

Standard auto (1)

    75.4     75.4     66.3     0.8     0.3     0.9         0.7     (4.2 )

Non-standard auto

    100.0     74.1     88.9                     (11.1 )    

Homeowners

    74.3     66.0     76.4     23.1     14.6     27.8     (1.3 )   (4.3 )   0.4  

Other personal lines (1)

    73.4     75.9     112.9     4.3     1.9     8.9     (1.1 )   5.6     33.1  

Total Encompass brand loss ratio

   
75.1
   
72.6
   
73.0
   
8.2
   
4.7
   
9.1
   
(0.5

)
 
(0.7

)
 
(0.2

)

Encompass brand expense ratio

    28.5     27.1     28.8                                      
                                                   

Encompass brand combined ratio

    103.6     99.7     101.8                                      
                                                   

Allstate Protection loss ratio

    72.9     71.5     74.3     8.5     7.9     12.4     (0.7 )   (0.5 )   0.6  

Allstate Protection expense ratio

    25.1     24.6     25.0                                      
                                                   

Allstate Protection combined ratio

    98.0     96.1     99.3                                      
                                                   

(1)
During 2008, $45 million of IBNR losses were reclassified from standard auto to other personal lines to be consistent with the recording of excess liability policies' premiums and losses.
(2)
Ratios are calculated using the premiums earned for the respective line of business.

       Standard auto loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 1.4 points in 2010 compared to 2009 due to higher claim frequency and a $25 million litigation settlement, partially offset by favorable reserve reestimates and lower catastrophe losses. The increase is primarily driven by increases in Florida and New York, which have higher loss ratios than the countrywide average. In 2010, claim frequencies in the bodily injury and physical damage coverages have increased compared to 2009, but remain within historical norms. Bodily injury and physical damage coverages severity results increased in line with historical Consumer Price Index ("CPI") trends. Standard auto loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 1.2 points in 2009 compared to 2008 due to higher claim frequencies. In 2009, claim frequencies in the physical damage and bodily injury coverages have returned to historical norms following exceptionally low levels in 2008. Bodily injury severity results in 2009 increased in line with historical CPI trends. Claims severity decreased in 2009 for the physical damage coverages, partially offsetting the increased frequencies.

       Non-standard auto loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 0.1 point in 2010 compared to 2009 due to higher claim frequencies, partially offset by higher favorable reserve reestimates and lower catastrophe losses. Bodily injury and physical damage coverages severity results increased in line with historical CPI trends. Non-standard auto loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 4.8 points in 2009 compared to 2008 due to higher claim frequencies. Claim frequencies increased for both physical damage and casualty coverages in 2009 compared to 2008. Bodily injury severity results in 2009 increased in line with historical CPI trends. Claims severity decreased in 2009 for the physical damage coverages, partially offsetting the increased frequencies.

       Homeowners loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 2.5 points to 82.1 in 2010 from 79.6 in 2009 due to a $75 million unfavorable prior year reserve reestimate related to a litigation settlement and higher catastrophe losses including prior year reserve reestimates for catastrophes, partially offset by average earned premiums increasing faster than loss costs. Homeowners loss ratio for the Allstate brand decreased 16.7 points to 79.6 in 2009 from 96.3 in 2008 due to lower catastrophe losses, partially offset by higher frequencies excluding catastrophes and severities. Frequencies excluding catastrophes increased in 2009 compared to 2008, in part, due to inclement weather in 2009, including an

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increase in freeze related claims, driven by winter weather in the first quarter of 2009. Theft claims also drove part of the increase in frequencies in 2009 compared to 2008. In 2009, homeowner claims severity, excluding catastrophes, increased compared to 2008.

       Expense ratio for Allstate Protection increased 0.5 points in 2010 compared to 2009. Restructuring costs decreased 0.3 points in 2010 compared to 2009, driven by prior year costs associated with claim office consolidations, reorganization of Business Insurance and technology prioritization and efficiency efforts. Excluding restructuring, the expense ratio for Allstate Protection increased 0.8 points in 2010 compared to 2009, driven by additional marketing expenses and increases in net costs of employee benefits, partially offset by reduced guaranty fund accrual levels and improved operational efficiencies. The expense ratio for Allstate Protection decreased 0.4 points in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to the impact of lower earned premium offset by improved operational efficiencies and more focused spending, particularly on technology, and decreases in the net cost of benefits due to favorable investment results.

       The impact of specific costs and expenses on the expense ratio are included in the following table.

 
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand   Allstate Protection  
 
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

Amortization of DAC

    14.0     14.2     14.4     18.3     18.5     19.9     14.2     14.5     14.7  

Other costs and expenses

    10.8     9.9     10.2     9.7     8.3     8.9     10.8     9.7     10.2  

Restructuring and related charges

    0.1     0.4     0.1     0.5     0.3         0.1     0.4     0.1  
                                       

Total expense ratio

    24.9     24.5     24.7     28.5     27.1     28.8     25.1     24.6     25.0  
                                       

       The expense ratio for the standard auto and homeowners businesses generally approximates the total Allstate Protection expense ratio. The expense ratio for the non-standard auto business generally is lower than the total Allstate Protection expense ratio due to lower agent commission rates and higher average premiums for non-standard auto as compared to standard auto. The Encompass brand DAC amortization is higher on average than Allstate brand DAC amortization due to higher commission rates.

       DAC    We establish a DAC asset for costs that vary with and are primarily related to acquiring business, principally agents' remuneration, premium taxes, certain underwriting costs and direct mail solicitation expenses. For the Allstate Protection business, DAC is amortized to income over the period in which premiums are earned. The balance of DAC for each product type as of December 31 is included in the following table.

($ in millions)
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand   Allstate Protection  
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009  

Standard auto

  $ 541   $ 542   $ 55   $ 68   $ 596   $ 610  

Non-standard auto

    25     35             25     35  

Homeowners

    437     426     36     42     473     468  

Other personal lines

    276     290     7     7     283     297  
                           

Total DAC

  $ 1,279   $ 1,293   $ 98   $ 117   $ 1,377   $ 1,410  
                           

Catastrophe management

       Historical catastrophe experience    Since the beginning of 1992, the average annual impact of catastrophes on our Property-Liability loss ratio was 7.5 points. However, this average does not reflect the impact of some of the more significant actions we have taken to limit our catastrophe exposure. Consequently, it is useful to consider the impact of catastrophes after excluding losses that are now partially or substantially covered by the California Earthquake Authority ("CEA"), the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund ("FHCF") or placed with a third party, such as hurricane coverage in Hawaii. The average annual impact of all catastrophes, excluding losses from Hurricanes Andrew and Iniki and losses from California earthquakes, on our Property-Liability loss ratio was 6.5 points since the beginning of 1992.

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       Comparatively, the average annual impact of catastrophes on the homeowners loss ratio for the years 1992 through 2010 is shown in the following table.

 
  Average annual impact of
catastrophes on the
homeowners loss ratio
  Average annual impact of catastrophes on the
homeowners loss ratio excluding losses from
hurricanes Andrew and Iniki, and losses from
California earthquakes
 

Florida

    97.9     47.5  

Other hurricane exposure states

    28.2     28.0  

Total hurricane exposure states

    33.8     29.6  

All other

    23.9     19.2  

Total

    29.2     24.8  

       Over time, we have limited our aggregate insurance exposure to catastrophe losses in certain regions of the country that are subject to high levels of natural catastrophes. Limitations include our participation in various state facilities, such as the CEA, which provides insurance for California earthquake losses; the FHCF, which provides reimbursements to participating insurers for certain qualifying Florida hurricane losses; and other state facilities, such as wind pools. However, the impact of these actions may be diminished by the growth in insured values, and the effect of state insurance laws and regulations. In addition, in various states we are required to participate in assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities and joint underwriting associations that provide insurance coverage to individuals or entities that otherwise are unable to purchase such coverage from private insurers. Because of our participation in these and other state facilities such as wind pools, we may be exposed to losses that surpass the capitalization of these facilities and to assessments from these facilities.

       We continue to take actions to maintain an appropriate level of exposure to catastrophic events, including the following:

Hurricanes

       We consider the greatest areas of potential catastrophe losses due to hurricanes generally to be major metropolitan centers in counties along the eastern and gulf coasts of the United States. Usually, the average premium on a property policy near these coasts is greater than in other areas. However, average premiums are not considered commensurate with the inherent risk of loss. In addition and as explained in Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements, in various states Allstate is subject to assessments from assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities and joint underwriting associations providing insurance for wind related property losses.

       We have addressed our risk of hurricane loss by, among other actions, purchasing reinsurance for specific states and on a countrywide basis for our personal lines property insurance in areas most exposed to hurricanes; limiting personal homeowners new business writings in coastal areas in southern and eastern states; and not offering continuing coverage on certain policies in coastal counties in certain states. We continue to seek appropriate returns for the risks we write. This may require further actions, similar to those already taken, in geographies where we are not getting appropriate returns. However, we may maintain or opportunistically increase our presence in areas where we achieve adequate returns and do not materially increase our hurricane risk.

Earthquakes

       Actions taken to reduce our exposure from earthquake coverage are substantially complete. These actions included purchasing reinsurance on a countrywide basis and in the state of Kentucky; no longer offering new optional earthquake coverage in most states; removing optional earthquake coverage upon renewal in most states; and entering into arrangements in many states to make earthquake coverage available through other insurers for new and renewal business.

55


       We expect to retain approximately 30,000 PIF with earthquake coverage due to regulatory and other reasons. We also will continue to have exposure to earthquake risk on certain policies that do not specifically exclude coverage for earthquake losses, including our auto policies, and to fires following earthquakes. Allstate policyholders in the state of California are offered coverage through the CEA, a privately-financed, publicly-managed state agency created to provide insurance coverage for earthquake damage. Allstate is subject to assessments from the CEA under certain circumstances as explained in Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements.

Fires Following Earthquakes

       Actions taken related to our risk of loss from fires following earthquakes include changing homeowners underwriting requirements in California and purchasing reinsurance for Kentucky and purchasing nationwide occurrence reinsurance excluding Florida and New Jersey.

Wildfires

       Actions we are taking to reduce our risk of loss from wildfires include changing homeowners underwriting requirements in certain states and purchasing nationwide occurrence reinsurance. Catastrophe losses related to the Southern California wildfires occurred during 2009 and 2008 and totaled $76 million and $166 million, respectively.

Reinsurance

       A description of our current catastrophe reinsurance program appears in Note 9 of the consolidated financial statements and a description of program changes as of June 1, 2011 appears in the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of the MD&A.

DISCONTINUED LINES AND COVERAGES SEGMENT

       Overview    The Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment includes results from insurance coverage that we no longer write and results for certain commercial and other businesses in run-off. Our exposure to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims is reported in this segment. We have assigned management of this segment to a designated group of professionals with expertise in claims handling, policy coverage interpretation, exposure identification and reinsurance collection. As part of its responsibilities, this group is also regularly engaged in policy buybacks, settlements and reinsurance assumed and ceded commutations.

       Summarized underwriting results for the years ended December 31 are presented in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Premiums written

  $ 1   $ (1 ) $  
               

Premiums earned

 
$

2
 
$

(1

)

$

 

Claims and claims expense

    (28 )   (24 )   (18 )

Operating costs and expenses

    (5 )   (7 )   (7 )
               

Underwriting loss

  $ (31 ) $ (32 ) $ (25 )
               

       Underwriting losses of $31 million in 2010 related to an $18 million unfavorable reestimate of environmental reserves and a $5 million unfavorable reestimate of asbestos reserves, partially offset by a $4 million favorable reestimate of other reserves, primarily as a result of our annual review using established industry and actuarial best practices. The cost of administering claims settlements totaled $13 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.

       Underwriting losses of $32 million in 2009 were primarily related to a $13 million unfavorable reestimate of environmental reserves and a $28 million unfavorable reestimate of other reserves, partially offset by an $8 million favorable reestimate of asbestos reserves, primarily as a result of our annual review using established industry and actuarial best practices.

       Underwriting losses of $25 million in 2008 primarily related to an $8 million unfavorable reestimate of asbestos reserves and a $13 million unfavorable reestimate of other reserves as a result of our annual 2008 review, partially offset by a $16 million reduction of our allowance for future uncollectible reinsurance.

       See the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of the MD&A for a more detailed discussion.

56


Discontinued Lines and Coverages outlook

PROPERTY-LIABILITY INVESTMENT RESULTS

       Net investment income decreased 10.5% or $139 million to $1.19 billion in 2010 from $1.33 billion in 2009, after decreasing 20.7% in 2009 compared to 2008. The 2010 decrease was primarily due to lower yields and duration shortening actions taken to protect the portfolio from rising interest rates, partially offset by higher average investment balances. The 2009 decrease was primarily due to reduced portfolio yields, actions to shorten duration and maintain additional liquidity in the portfolio, lower average investment balances and capital contributions to Allstate Life Insurance Company ("ALIC").

       The following table presents the average pre-tax investment yields for the year ended December 31.

 
  2010 (1)(2)   2009 (1)(2)   2008 (1)(2)  

Fixed income securities: tax-exempt

    4.9 %   5.1 %   5.1 %

Fixed income securities: tax-exempt equivalent

    7.1     7.4     7.4  

Fixed income securities: taxable

    3.5     4.1     5.6  

Equity securities

    2.3     2.1     3.0  

Mortgage loans

    5.7     4.7     6.1  

Limited partnership interests (3)(4)

    3.1     1.5     2.6  

Total portfolio (4)

    3.8     4.2     4.8  

(1)
Pre-tax yield is calculated as investment income (including dividend income in the case of equity securities) divided by the average of the investment balances at the beginning and end of period and interim quarters.
(2)
Amortized cost basis is used to calculate the average investment balance for fixed income securities and mortgage loans. Cost is used for equity securities. Cost or the equity method of accounting basis is used for limited partnership interests.
(3)
Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2008, income from limited partnerships accounted for on the equity method of accounting ("EMA LP") is reported in realized capital gains and losses and is therefore excluded from the determination of pre-tax investment yields on limited partnership interests. EMA LP income for periods prior to the fourth quarter of 2008 is reported in net investment income and included in the determination of pre-tax investment yields on limited partnership interests. For periods beginning with the fourth quarter of 2008, EMA LP's have been removed from the yield calculation.
(4)
To conform to the current period presentation, prior periods have been reclassified.

       Net realized capital gains and losses are presented in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Impairment write-downs

  $ (295 ) $ (534 ) $ (638 )

Change in intent write-downs

    (62 )   (89 )   (501 )
               

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings

    (357 )   (623 )   (1,139 )

Sales

    455     611     (635 )

Valuation of derivative instruments

    (331 )   52     (296 )

Settlements of derivative instruments

    (143 )   (203 )   289  

EMA limited partnership income

    55     (5 )   (77 )
               

Realized capital gains and losses, pre-tax

    (321 )   (168 )   (1,858 )

Income tax benefit (expense)

    114     (54 )   649  
               

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

  $ (207 ) $ (222 ) $ (1,209 )
               

       For a further discussion of net realized capital gains and losses, see the Investments section of the MD&A.

57


PROPERTY-LIABILITY CLAIMS AND CLAIMS EXPENSE RESERVES

       Property-Liability underwriting results are significantly influenced by estimates of property-liability claims and claims expense reserves. For a description of our reserve process, see Note 7 of the consolidated financial statements and for a further description of our reserving policies and the potential variability in our reserve estimates, see the Application of Critical Accounting Estimates section of the MD&A. These reserves are an estimate of amounts necessary to settle all outstanding claims, including IBNR claims, as of the reporting date.

       The facts and circumstances leading to our reestimates of reserves relate to revisions to the development factors used to predict how losses are likely to develop from the end of a reporting period until all claims have been paid. Reestimates occur because actual losses are likely different than that predicted by the estimated development factors used in prior reserve estimates. As of December 31, 2010, the impact of a reserve reestimation corresponding to a one percent increase or decrease in net reserves would be a decrease or increase of approximately $113 million in net income.

       The table below shows total net reserves as of December 31 for Allstate brand, Encompass brand and Discontinued Lines and Coverages lines of business.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Allstate brand

  $ 14,696   $ 14,123   $ 14,118  

Encompass brand

    921     1,027     1,133  
               

Total Allstate Protection

    15,617     15,150     15,251  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    1,779     1,878     1,931  
               

Total Property-Liability

  $ 17,396   $ 17,028   $ 17,182  
               

       The tables below show reserves, net of reinsurance, representing the estimated cost of outstanding claims as they were recorded at the beginning of years 2010, 2009 and 2008, and the effect of reestimates in each year.

($ in millions)
  January 1 reserves  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Allstate brand

  $ 14,123   $ 14,118   $ 13,456  

Encompass brand

    1,027     1,133     1,129  
               

Total Allstate Protection

    15,150     15,251     14,585  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    1,878     1,931     2,075  
               

Total Property-Liability

  $ 17,028   $ 17,182   $ 16,660  
               

 

($ in millions, except ratios)
  2010   2009   2008  
 
  Reserve
reestimate 
(1)
  Effect on
combined
ratio
  Reserve
reestimate 
(1)
  Effect on
combined
ratio
  Reserve
reestimate 
(1)
  Effect on
combined
ratio
 

Allstate brand

  $ (181 )   (0.7 ) $ (126 )   (0.5 ) $ 155     0.6  

Encompass brand

    (6 )       (10 )       (3 )    
                           

Total Allstate Protection

    (187 )   (0.7 )   (136 )   (0.5 )   152     0.6  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    28     0.1     24     0.1     18     0.1  
                           

Total Property-Liability

  $ (159 )   (0.6 ) $ (112 )   (0.4 ) $ 170     0.7  
                           

Reserve reestimates, after-tax

  $ (103 )       $ (73 )       $ 111        
                                 

Net income (loss)

  $ 928         $ 854         $ (1,679 )      
                                 

Reserve reestimates as a % of net income (loss)

    11.1 %         8.5 %         (6.6 )%      
                                 

(1)
Favorable reserve reestimates are shown in parentheses.

58


Allstate Protection

       The tables below show Allstate Protection net reserves representing the estimated cost of outstanding claims as they were recorded at the beginning of years 2010, 2009 and 2008, and the effect of reestimates in each year.

($ in millions)
  January 1 reserves  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Auto

  $ 10,606   $ 10,220   $ 10,175  

Homeowners

    2,399     2,824     2,279  

Other personal lines

    2,145     2,207     2,131  
               

Total Allstate Protection

  $ 15,150   $ 15,251   $ 14,585  
               

 

($ in millions, except ratios)
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
  2010   2009   2008  
 
  Reserve
reestimate
  Effect on
combined
ratio
  Reserve
reestimate
  Effect on
combined
ratio
  Reserve
reestimate
  Effect on
combined
ratio
 

Auto

  $ (179 )   (0.7 ) $ (57 )   (0.2 ) $ (27 )   (0.1 )

Homeowners

    (23 )   (0.1 )   (168 )   (0.6 )   124     0.5  

Other personal lines

    15     0.1     89     0.3     55     0.2  
                           

Total Allstate Protection

  $ (187 )   (0.7 ) $ (136 )   (0.5 ) $ 152     0.6  
                           

Underwriting income

  $ 526         $ 1,027         $ 189        
                                 

Reserve reestimates as a % of underwriting income

    35.6 %         13.2 %         (80.4 )%      
                                 

       Auto reserve reestimates in 2010 and 2009 were primarily due to claim severity development that was better than expected. 2010 was also impacted by a litigation settlement. Auto reserve reestimates in 2008 were primarily the result of a $45 million reclassification of IBNR losses from standard auto to other personal lines to be consistent with the recording of excess liability policies' premiums and losses.

       Favorable homeowners reserve reestimates in 2010 were primarily due to favorable catastrophe reserve reestimates, partially offset by a litigation settlement. Favorable homeowners reserve reestimates in 2009 were primarily due to favorable reserve reestimates from Hurricanes Ike and Gustav and a catastrophe related subrogation recovery. Unfavorable homeowners reserve reestimates in 2008 were primarily due to litigation filed in conjunction with a Louisiana deadline for filing suits related to Hurricane Katrina.

       Other personal lines reserve reestimates in 2010 and 2009 were primarily the result of loss development different than anticipated in previous estimates. Other personal lines reserve reestimates in 2008 were primarily the result of a $45 million reclassification of IBNR losses from standard auto to other personal lines to be consistent with the recording of excess liability policies' premiums and losses.

59


       Pending, new and closed claims for Allstate Protection, for the years ended December 31, are summarized in the following table.

Number of claims
  2010   2009   2008  

Auto

                   

Pending, beginning of year

    540,424     566,394     551,598  

New

    5,571,199     5,482,941     5,323,072  

Total closed

    (5,621,164 )   (5,508,911 )   (5,308,276 )
               

Pending, end of year

    490,459     540,424     566,394  
               

Homeowners

                   

Pending, beginning of year

    59,685     74,772     80,229  

New

    991,962     997,954     1,242,007  

Total closed

    (1,000,616 )   (1,013,041 )   (1,247,464 )
               

Pending, end of year

    51,031     59,685     74,772  
               

Other personal lines

                   

Pending, beginning of year

    36,537     41,001     39,951  

New

    282,137     278,978     301,363  

Total closed

    (285,286 )   (283,442 )   (300,313 )
               

Pending, end of year

    33,388     36,537     41,001  
               

Total Allstate Protection

                   

Pending, beginning of year

    636,646     682,167     671,778  

New

    6,845,298     6,759,873     6,866,442  

Total closed

    (6,907,066 )   (6,805,394 )   (6,856,053 )
               

Pending, end of year

    574,878     636,646     682,167  
               

       We believe the net loss reserves for Allstate Protection exposures are appropriately established based on available facts, technology, laws and regulations.

       The following tables reflect the accident years to which the reestimates shown above are applicable for Allstate brand, Encompass brand and Discontinued Lines and Coverages lines of business. Favorable reserve reestimates are shown in parentheses.

2010 Prior year reserve reestimates

($ in millions)
  2000 &
prior
  2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   2009   Total  

Allstate brand

  $ 262   $ (1 ) $ (7 ) $ (18 ) $ (15 ) $ (51 ) $ (106 ) $ (86 ) $ (45 ) $ (114 ) $ (181 )

Encompass brand

    1         1     1     2     6         (6 )   (1 )   (10 )   (6 )
                                               

Total Allstate Protection

    263     (1 )   (6 )   (17 )   (13 )   (45 )   (106 )   (92 )   (46 )   (124 )   (187 )

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    28                                         28  
                                               

Total Property-Liability

  $ 291   $ (1 ) $ (6 ) $ (17 ) $ (13 ) $ (45 ) $ (106 ) $ (92 ) $ (46 ) $ (124 ) $ (159 )
                                               

2009 Prior year reserve reestimates

($ in millions)
  1999 &
prior
  2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   Total  

Allstate brand

  $ 247   $ 46   $ 58   $ 44   $ 37   $ 85   $ 74   $ (149 ) $ (151 ) $ (417 ) $ (126 )

Encompass brand

        3     1     3     6     5     10     8     (7 )   (39 )   (10 )
                                               

Total Allstate Protection

    247     49     59     47     43     90     84     (141 )   (158 )   (456 )   (136 )

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    24                                         24  
                                               

Total Property-Liability

  $ 271   $ 49   $ 59   $ 47   $ 43   $ 90   $ 84   $ (141 ) $ (158 ) $ (456 ) $ (112 )
                                               

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2008 Prior year reserve reestimates

($ in millions)
  1998 & prior   1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   Total  

Allstate brand

  $ 56   $ (7 ) $ 9   $ 34   $ 1   $ (5 ) $ 13   $ 152   $ (71 ) $ (27 ) $ 155  

Encompass brand

    2         2     (1 )   2     1     (1 )   10     (20 )   2     (3 )
                                               

Total Allstate Protection

    58     (7 )   11     33     3     (4 )   12     162     (91 )   (25 )   152  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    18                                         18  
                                               

Total Property-Liability

  $ 76   $ (7 ) $ 11   $ 33   $ 3   $ (4 ) $ 12   $ 162   $ (91 ) $ (25 ) $ 170  
                                               

       Allstate brand prior year reserve reestimates were $181 million favorable in 2010, $126 million favorable in 2009 and $155 million unfavorable in 2008, respectively. In 2010, this was primarily due to favorable catastrophe reserve reestimates and severity development that was better than expected, partially offset by litigation settlements. The increased reserves in accident years 2000 & prior is due to the litigation settlements of $100 million, a reclassification of injury reserves to older years and reserve strengthening. In 2009, this was primarily due to favorable reserve reestimates from Hurricanes Ike and Gustav and a catastrophe related subrogation recovery. The shift of reserves to older accident years is attributable to a reallocation of reserves related to employee postretirement benefits to more accident years, and a reclassification of injury and 2008 non-injury reserves to older years. In 2008, this was primarily due to litigation filed in conjunction with a Louisiana deadline for filing suits related to Hurricane Katrina.

       These trends are primarily responsible for revisions to loss development factors, as previously described, used to predict how losses are likely to develop from the end of a reporting period until all claims have been paid. Because these trends cause actual losses to differ from those predicted by the estimated development factors used in prior reserve estimates, reserves are revised as actuarial studies validate new trends based on the indications of updated development factor calculations.

       The impact of these reestimates on the Allstate brand underwriting income is shown in the table below.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Reserve reestimates

  $ (181 ) $ (126 ) $ 155  

Allstate brand underwriting income

    569     1,022     220  

Reserve reestimates as a % of underwriting income

    31.8 %   12.3 %   (70.5 )%

       Encompass brand    Reserve reestimates in 2010, 2009 and 2008 were related to lower than anticipated claim settlement costs.

       The impact of these reestimates on the Encompass brand underwriting (loss) income is shown in the table below.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Reserve reestimates

  $ (6 ) $ (10 ) $ (3 )

Encompass brand underwriting (loss) income

    (43 )   5     (31 )

Reserve reestimates as a % of underwriting (loss) income

    14.0 %   200.0 %   9.7 %

       Discontinued Lines and Coverages    We conduct an annual review in the third quarter of each year to evaluate and establish asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines reserves. Reserves are recorded in the reporting period in which they are determined. Using established industry and actuarial best practices and assuming no change in the regulatory or economic environment, this detailed and comprehensive grounds up methodology determines reserves based on assessments of the characteristics of exposure (e.g. claim activity, potential liability, jurisdiction, products versus non-products exposure) presented by policyholders.

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       Reserve reestimates for the Discontinued Lines and Coverages, as shown in the table below, were increased primarily for environmental in 2010 and other discontinued lines in both 2009 and 2008.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  
 
  January 1
reserves
  Reserve
reestimate
  January 1
reserves
  Reserve
reestimate
  January 1
reserves
  Reserve
reestimate
 

Asbestos Claims

  $ 1,180   $ 5   $ 1,228   $ (8 ) $ 1,302   $ 8  

Environmental Claims

    198     18     195     13     232      

Other Discontinued Lines

    500     5     508     19     541     10  
                           

Total Discontinued Lines and coverages

  $ 1,878   $ 28   $ 1,931   $ 24   $ 2,075   $ 18  
                           

Underwriting loss

        $ (31 )       $ (32 )       $ (25 )
                                 

Reserve reestimates as a % of underwriting loss

          (90.3 )%         (75.0 )%         (72.0 )%
                                 

       Reserve additions for asbestos in 2010 totaling $5 million were primarily for products related coverage. Asbestos reserves reestimates in 2009 were $8 million favorable. Reserve additions for asbestos in 2008 totaling $8 million were primarily for products-related coverage and were a result of a continuing level of increased claim activity being reported by excess and primary insurance policyholders with existing active claims, excess policyholders with new claims, and reestimates of liabilities for increased assumed reinsurance cessions, as ceding companies (other insurance carriers) also experienced increased claim activity. Higher claim activity over prior estimates has also resulted in an increased estimate for future claims reported. These trends are consistent with the trends of other carriers in the industry, which we believe are related to increased publicity and awareness of coverage, ongoing litigation and bankruptcy actions.

       The reserve additions for environmental in 2010 and 2009 were primarily related to site-specific remediations where the clean-up cost estimates and responsibility for the clean-up were more fully determined. Normal environmental claim activity resulted in essentially no change in estimated reserves for 2008. IBNR now represents 62% of total net environmental reserves, 3 points lower than as of December 31, 2009.

62


       The table below summarizes reserves and claim activity for asbestos and environmental claims before (Gross) and after (Net) the effects of reinsurance for the past three years.

($ in millions, except ratios)
  2010   2009   2008  
 
  Gross   Net   Gross   Net   Gross   Net  

Asbestos claims

                                     

Beginning reserves

  $ 1,780   $ 1,180   $ 1,933   $ 1,228   $ 2,053   $ 1,302  

Incurred claims and claims expense

    (7 )   5     (3 )   (8 )   4     8  

Claims and claims expense paid

    (118 )   (85 )   (150 )   (40 )   (124 )   (82 )
                           

Ending reserves

  $ 1,655   $ 1,100   $ 1,780   $ 1,180   $ 1,933   $ 1,228  
                           

Annual survival ratio

   
14.0
   
12.9
   
11.9
   
11.5
   
15.4
   
15.1
 
                           

3-year survival ratio

    12.6     12.2     12.4     12.9     13.4     14.4  
                           

Environmental claims

                                     

Beginning reserves

  $ 247   $ 198   $ 250   $ 195   $ 340   $ 232  

Incurred claims and claims expense

    19     18     16     13     (34 )    

Claims and claims expense paid

    (18 )   (15 )   (19 )   (10 )   (56 )   (37 )
                           

Ending reserves

  $ 248   $ 201   $ 247   $ 198   $ 250   $ 195  
                           

Annual survival ratio

   
13.8
   
13.4
   
12.7
   
12.1
   
4.5
   
5.2
 
                           

3-year survival ratio

    8.0     8.7     7.1     7.5     6.8     7.0  
                           

Combined environmental and asbestos claims

                                     

Annual survival ratio

    14.0     13.0     12.0     11.6     12.1     12.0  
                           

3-year survival ratio

    11.7     11.6     11.4     11.7     12.1     12.6  
                           

Percentage of IBNR in ending reserves

          60.1 %         62.3 %         63.8 %

       The survival ratio is calculated by taking our ending reserves divided by payments made during the year. This is a commonly used but extremely simplistic and imprecise approach to measuring the adequacy of asbestos and environmental reserve levels. Many factors, such as mix of business, level of coverage provided and settlement procedures have significant impacts on the amount of environmental and asbestos claims and claims expense reserves, claim payments and the resultant ratio. As payments result in corresponding reserve reductions, survival ratios can be expected to vary over time. The 2009 net survival ratios in the table above have been adjusted to remove the claims and claims expense paid of $63 million for asbestos and $7 million for environmental attributable to commutation activity related to three reinsurers.

       In both 2010 and 2009, the asbestos net 3-year survival ratio decreased due to lower reserve levels as the result of loss settlements. The environmental net 3-year survival ratio increased in both 2010 and 2009 due to lower average annual payments.

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       Our net asbestos reserves by type of exposure and total reserve additions are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  December 31, 2010   December 31, 2009   December 31, 2008  
 
  Active
policy-
holders
  Net
reserves
  % of
reserves
  Active
policy-
holders
  Net
reserves
  % of
reserves
  Active
policy-
holders
  Net
reserves
  % of
reserves
 

Direct policyholders:

                                                       

–Primary

    51   $ 17     1 %   51   $ 19     1 %   54   $ 21     2 %

–Excess

    319     261     24     318     256     22     330     216     17  
                                       

Total

    370     278     25     369     275     23     384     237     19  
                                                   

Assumed reinsurance

          165     15           176     15           205     17  

IBNR

          657     60           729     62           786     64  
                                             

Total net reserves

        $ 1,100     100 %       $ 1,180     100 %       $ 1,228     100 %
                                             

Total reserve additions

        $ 5               $ (8 )             $ 8        
                                                   

       During the last three years, 56 direct primary and excess policyholders reported new claims, and claims of 79 policyholders were closed, decreasing the number of active policyholders by 23 during the period. The 23 decrease comprised 1 from 2010, (15) from 2009 and (9) from 2008. The increase of 1 from 2010 included 21 new policyholders reporting new claims and the closing of 20 policyholders' claims.

       IBNR net reserves decreased by $72 million. As of December 31, 2010 IBNR represented 60% of total net asbestos reserves, 2 points lower than as of December 31, 2009. IBNR provides for reserve development of known claims and future reporting of additional unknown claims from current and new policyholders and ceding companies.

       Pending, new, total closed and closed without payment claims for asbestos and environmental exposures for the years ended December 31, are summarized in the following table.

Number of claims
  2010   2009   2008  

Asbestos

                   

Pending, beginning of year

    8,252     8,780     9,256  

New

    788     814     601  

Total closed

    (619 )   (1,342 )   (1,077 )
               

Pending, end of year

    8,421     8,252     8,780  
               

Closed without payment

    336     469     800  
               

Environmental

                   

Pending, beginning of year

    4,114     4,603     4,747  

New

    498     389     291  

Total closed

    (315 )   (878 )   (435 )
               

Pending, end of year

    4,297     4,114     4,603  
               

Closed without payment

    181     416     307  
               

       Property-Liability reinsurance ceded    For Allstate Protection, we utilize reinsurance to reduce exposure to catastrophe risk and manage capital, and to support the required statutory surplus and the insurance financial strength ratings of certain subsidiaries such as Castle Key Insurance Company and Allstate New Jersey Insurance Company. We purchase significant reinsurance to manage our aggregate countrywide exposure to an acceptable level. The price and terms of reinsurance and the credit quality of the reinsurer are considered in the purchase process, along with whether the price can be appropriately reflected in the costs that are considered in setting future rates charged to policyholders. We also participate in various reinsurance mechanisms, including industry pools and facilities, which are backed by the financial resources of the property-liability insurance company market participants, and have historically purchased reinsurance to mitigate long-tail liability lines, including environmental, asbestos and other discontinued lines exposures. We retain primary liability as a direct insurer for all risks ceded to reinsurers.

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       The impacts of reinsurance on our reserve for claims and claims expense as of December 31 are summarized in the following table, net of allowances we have established for uncollectible amounts.

($ in millions)


 

  Reserve for
property-liability
insurance claims
and claims expense
  Reinsurance
recoverables, net
 
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009  

Industry pools and facilities

  $ 1,990   $ 2,000   $ 1,419   $ 1,408  

Asbestos and environmental

    1,903     2,027     628     683  

Other including allowance for future uncollectible reinsurance recoverables

    15,575     15,140     105     121  
                   

Total Property-Liability

  $ 19,468   $ 19,167   $ 2,152   $ 2,212  
                   

       Reinsurance recoverables include an estimate of the amount of property-liability insurance claims and claims expense reserves that may be ceded under the terms of the reinsurance agreements, including incurred but not reported unpaid losses. We calculate our ceded reinsurance estimate based on the terms of each applicable reinsurance agreement, including an estimate of how IBNR losses will ultimately be ceded under the agreement. We also consider other limitations and coverage exclusions under our reinsurance agreements. Accordingly, our estimate of reinsurance recoverables is subject to similar risks and uncertainties as our estimate of reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense. We believe the recoverables are appropriately established; however, as our underlying reserves continue to develop, the amount ultimately recoverable may vary from amounts currently recorded. We regularly evaluate the reinsurers and the respective amounts recoverable, and a provision for uncollectible reinsurance is recorded if needed. The establishment of reinsurance recoverables and the related allowance for uncollectible reinsurance is also an inherently uncertain process involving estimates. Changes in estimates could result in additional changes to the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

       The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance relates to Discontinued Lines and Coverages reinsurance recoverables and was $142 million as of both December 31, 2010 and 2009. This amount represents 17.6% and 16.2% of the related reinsurance recoverable balances as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The allowance is based upon our ongoing review of amounts outstanding, length of collection periods, changes in reinsurer credit standing, and other relevant factors. In addition, in the ordinary course of business, we may become involved in coverage disputes with certain of our reinsurers which may ultimately result in lawsuits and arbitrations brought by or against such reinsurers to determine the parties' rights and obligations under the various reinsurance agreements. We employ dedicated specialists to manage reinsurance collections and disputes. We also consider recent developments in commutation activity between reinsurers and cedants, and recent trends in arbitration and litigation outcomes in disputes between cedants and reinsurers in seeking to maximize our reinsurance recoveries.

       Adverse developments in the insurance industry have led to a decline in the financial strength of some of our reinsurance carriers, causing amounts recoverable from them and future claims ceded to them to be considered a higher risk. There has also been consolidation activity in the industry, which causes reinsurance risk across the industry to be concentrated among fewer companies. In addition, over the last several years the industry has increasingly segregated asbestos, environmental, and other discontinued lines exposures into separate legal entities with dedicated capital. Regulatory bodies in certain cases have supported these actions. We are unable to determine the impact, if any, that these developments will have on the collectability of reinsurance recoverables in the future.

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       The largest reinsurance recoverable balances are shown in the following table as of December 31, net of the allowance we have established for uncollectible amounts.

 
  Standard
& Poor's
financial
strength
rating 
(1)
   
   
 
 
  Reinsurance
recoverable on paid
and unpaid claims, net
 
($ in millions)
  
  
    

 
   
  2010   2009  

Industry pools and facilities

                 

Michigan Catastrophic Claim Association ("MCCA")

  N/A   $ 1,243   $ 1,173  

North Carolina Reinsurance Facility

  N/A     65     60  

New Jersey Unsatisfied Claim and Judgment Fund

  N/A     55     66  

FHCF

  N/A     41     53  

Other

        15     56  
               

Total

        1,419     1,408  
               

Asbestos, Environmental and Other

                 

Lloyd's of London ("Lloyd's")

  A+     183     190  

Westport Insurance Corporation (formerly Employers Reinsurance Corporation)

  A+     56     77  

New England Reinsurance Corporation

  N/A     37     37  

R&Q Reinsurance Company

  N/A     34     28  

Clearwater Insurance Company

  BB+     30     34  

St. Paul Fire and Marine Insurance Company

  AA-     19     21  

Other, including allowance for future uncollectible reinsurance recoverables

        374     417  
               

Total

        733     804  
               
 

Total Property-Liability

      $ 2,152   $ 2,212  
               

(1)
N/A reflects no rating available.

       The effects of reinsurance ceded on our property-liability premiums earned and claims and claims expense for the years ended December 31 are summarized in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Ceded property-liability premiums earned

  $ 1,092   $ 1,056   $ 1,139  
               

Ceded property-liability claims and claims expense

                   
 

Industry pool and facilities

                   
   

FHCF

  $ 10   $ 47   $ 28  
   

National Flood Insurance Program

    50     111     344  
   

MCCA

    142     133     148  
   

Other

    64     59     60  
               
 

Subtotal industry pools and facilities

    266     350     580  

Asbestos, Environmental and Other

    5     65     40  
               

Ceded property-liability claims and claims expense

  $ 271   $ 415   $ 620  
               

       For the year ended December 31, 2010, ceded property-liability premiums earned increased $36 million when compared to prior year, primarily due to the adoption of accounting guidance related to the consolidation of variable interest entities, which resulted in the consolidation of two insurance company affiliates, Allstate Texas Lloyds and Allstate County Mutual Insurance Company. For the year ended December 31, 2009, ceded property-liability premiums earned decreased $83 million when compared to prior year, primarily as a result of favorable market conditions which were reflected in our catastrophe reinsurance pricing.

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       Ceded property-liability claims and claims expense decreased in 2010 and 2009 primarily due to amounts ceded to National Flood Insurance Program.

       For a detailed description of the MCCA, FHCF and Lloyd's, see Note 9 of the consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2010, other than the recoverable balances listed above, no other amount due or estimated to be due from any single Property-Liability reinsurer was in excess of $17 million.

       We enter into certain intercompany insurance and reinsurance transactions for the Property-Liability operations in order to maintain underwriting control and manage insurance risk among various legal entities. These reinsurance agreements have been approved by the appropriate regulatory authorities. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Catastrophe reinsurance

       Our catastrophe reinsurance program was designed, utilizing our risk management methodology, to address our exposure to catastrophes nationwide. Our program provides reinsurance protection for catastrophes including storms named or numbered by the National Weather Service, fires following earthquakes, earthquakes and wildfires including California wildfires. These reinsurance agreements are part of our catastrophe management strategy, which is intended to provide our shareholders an acceptable return on the risks assumed in our property business, and to reduce variability of earnings, while providing protection to our customers.

       While our catastrophe management strategy remains substantially unchanged we have redesigned our catastrophe reinsurance program in 2011. Our new reinsurance program continues to support our goal to have no more than a 1% likelihood of exceeding annual aggregate catastrophe losses by $2 billion, net of reinsurance, from hurricanes and earthquakes, based on modeled assumptions and applications currently available. Since the 2006 inception of Allstate's catastrophe reinsurance program, our exposure to wind loss has been materially reduced and we have nearly eliminated our exposure to earthquake loss. Our redesigned program for 2011 responds to these exposure changes by including coverage for multiple perils, in addition to hurricanes and earthquakes, in all but one of the contracts comprising the program. In addition, the per occurrence structure effective June 1, 2011 facilitates the program's administration while providing greater potential with respect to loss recovery.

       The new program, as described below, provides $3.25 billion of reinsurance coverage, above the retention, with reinstatements of limits. It includes a Per Occurrence Excess Catastrophe Reinsurance agreement reinsuring our personal lines property and auto excess catastrophe losses resulting from multiple perils, including those perils currently reinsured under our existing program, in every state other than New Jersey and Florida. For June 1, 2011 to May 31, 2012, the program consists of two agreements: a Per Occurrence Excess Catastrophe Reinsurance agreement providing coverage in six layers and a Top and Drop Excess Catastrophe Reinsurance agreement which includes Coverage A and Coverage B.

       The Per Occurrence Excess Catastrophe Reinsurance agreement provides an initial $3.25 billion per occurrence limit in excess of a $500 million retention and after the Company has incurred $250 million in losses "otherwise recoverable." The $250 million in losses otherwise recoverable applies once each contract year to the First Layer only and losses from multiple qualifying occurrences can apply to this $250 million threshold in excess of $500 million per occurrence. The Top and Drop Excess Catastrophe Reinsurance agreement provides $250 million of reinsurance limits which may be used for Coverage A, Coverage B, or a combination of both. Coverage A reinsures the "Top" of the program and provides 50% of $500 million excess of a $3.25 billion retention. Coverage B allows the program limit to "Drop" and provides reinsurance for $250 million in limits excess of a $750 million retention and after the Company has incurred $500 million in losses "otherwise recoverable" under the agreement. Losses from multiple qualifying occurrences, in excess of $750 million per occurence, can apply to this $500 million threshold.

       The New Jersey and Florida components of the reinsurance program are designed separately from the other components of the program to address the distinct needs of our separately capitalized legal entities in those states. New Jersey catastrophe losses will be reinsured under a newly placed per occurrence agreement and under existing agreements which expire respectively on May 31, 2012 and 2013. The Florida component will be placed in May of 2011. Allstate Protection's separate reinsurance programs in Pennsylvania and Kentucky will continue to address exposures

67



unique to those states. A description of the catastrophe reinsurance treaties that will reinsure Allstate Protection as of June 1, 2011 follows:

       Nationwide excluding Florida and New Jersey

  First Layer   $250 million limit in excess of a $500 million retention and after an initial $250 million in losses "otherwise recoverable" has been satisfied, 1 reinstatement
  Second Layer   $250 million limit in excess of a $750 million retention, 1 reinstatement
  Third Layer   $500 million limit in excess of a $1 billion retention, 1 reinstatement
  Fourth Layer   $750 million limit in excess of a $1.5 billion retention, 1 reinstatement
  Fifth Layer   $1 billion limit in excess of a $2.25 billion retention, 1 reinstatement
  Sixth Layer   $500 million limit in excess of a $3.25 billion retention

       New Jersey

       Pennsylvania

       Kentucky

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       The redesigned catastrophe reinsurance program for 2011 will require the cancellation of the contracts comprising the 2010 program with the exception of the Pennsylvania agreement which has one year remaining on its three year term and the New Jersey agreement which has two years remaining on its three year term. The current Kentucky and Texas agreements will expire respectively on May 31, 2011 and June 17, 2011. See Note 9 for further details of the existing 2010 program.

       We estimate that the total annualized cost of all catastrophe reinsurance programs for the year beginning June 1, 2011 will be approximately $550 million compared to $560 million annualized cost for the year beginning June 1, 2010. The total cost of our catastrophe reinsurance programs in 2010 was $593 million compared to $626 million in 2009. We continue to attempt to capture our reinsurance cost in premium rates as allowed by state regulatory authorities.

ALLSTATE FINANCIAL 2010 HIGHLIGHTS

Net income was $58 million in 2010 compared to net loss of $483 million in 2009.
Premiums and contract charges on underwritten products, including traditional life, interest-sensitive life and accident and health insurance, totaled $2.03 billion in 2010, an increase of 12.2% or $221 million from $1.81 billion in 2009.
Net realized capital losses totaled $517 million in 2010 compared to $431 million in 2009.
During 2010, amortization deceleration (credit to income) of $12 million was recorded related to our annual comprehensive review of the DAC and DSI balances and assumptions for our interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment contracts. This compares to DAC and DSI amortization acceleration (charge to income) of $322 million in 2009.
Investments as of December 31, 2010 totaled $61.58 billion, reflecting a decrease in carrying value of $634 million from $62.22 billion as of December 31, 2009. Net investment income decreased 6.9% to $2.85 billion in 2010 from $3.06 billion in 2009.
Contractholder funds as of December 31, 2010 totaled $48.19 billion, reflecting a decrease of $4.39 billion from $52.58 billion as of December 31, 2009.

ALLSTATE FINANCIAL SEGMENT

       Overview and strategy    The Allstate Financial segment is a major provider of life insurance, retirement and investment products, and voluntary accident and health insurance. We serve our customers through Allstate exclusive agencies, workplace distribution and non-proprietary distribution channels. Allstate Financial's strategic vision is to reinvent protection and retirement for the consumer and its purpose is to create financial value on a standalone basis and to add strategic value to the organization.

       To fulfill its purpose, Allstate Financial's primary objectives are to deepen relationships with Allstate customers by adding financial services to their suite of products with Allstate, dramatically expand Allstate Benefits (our workplace distribution business) and improve profitability by decreasing earnings volatility, increasing our returns, and improving our capital position. Allstate Financial brings value to The Allstate Corporation (the "Corporation") in three principal ways: through profitable growth of Allstate Financial, improving the economics of the Protection business through increased customer loyalty and renewal rates by cross selling Allstate Financial products to existing customers, and by bringing new customers to Allstate. We continue to shift our mix of products in force by decreasing spread based products, principally fixed annuities and institutional products, and through growth of underwritten products having mortality or morbidity risk, principally life insurance and accident and health products. In addition to focusing on higher return markets, products, and distribution channels, Allstate Financial continues to emphasize capital efficiency and enterprise risk and return management strategies and actions.

       Allstate Financial's strategy provides a platform to profitably grow its business. Based upon Allstate's strong financial position and brand, we have a unique opportunity to cross-sell to our customers. Through our Allstate exclusive agencies we will leverage the trusted customer relationships to serve those who are looking for assistance in meeting their protection and retirement needs by providing them with the information, products and services that they need. Our employer relationships through Allstate Benefits also afford opportunities to offer additional Allstate products.

       Our products include interest-sensitive, traditional and variable life insurance; fixed annuities such as deferred and immediate annuities; voluntary accident and health insurance; and funding agreements backing medium-term notes, which we offer on an opportunistic basis. Banking products and services have been offered to customers through the Allstate Bank. Our products are sold through multiple distribution channels including Allstate exclusive agencies, which include exclusive financial specialists, independent agents (including master brokerage agencies and workplace enrolling agents), and specialized structured settlement brokers. Our institutional product line consists primarily of funding agreements sold to unaffiliated trusts that use them to back medium-term notes issued to institutional and

69



individual investors. On February 8, 2011, we announced that we had reached an agreement to sell substantially all of the deposits of Allstate Bank to Discover Bank and our plans to enter into a multi-year distribution and marketing agreement whereby Discover Bank will provide banking products and services to Allstate customers in the future. Allstate Financial does not intend to originate banking products or services after the transaction closes, which is expected to be by mid-year 2011, pending regulatory approval.

Allstate Financial outlook

We plan to continue to increase sales of underwritten insurance products and tailor the focus of product offerings to better serve the needs of everyday Americans.
Our growth initiatives will be focused on increasing the number of customers served through our proprietary and Allstate Benefits (workplace distribution) channels.
We will continue to focus on improving returns and reducing our concentration in spread based products resulting in net reductions in contractholder funds obligations.
We expect lower investment spread due to reduced contractholder funds and the continuing low interest rate environment. As interest rates remain below the aggregate portfolio yield, the amount by which the low interest rate environment will reduce our investment spread is contingent on our ability to maintain the portfolio yield and lower interest crediting rates on spread based products, which could be limited by market conditions, regulatory minimum rates or contractual minimum rate guarantees, and may not match the timing or magnitude of changes in asset yields. Also, a significant amount of our invested assets are used to support our capital and non-spread based products, which do not provide this offsetting opportunity.

       Summary analysis    Summarized financial data for the years ended December 31 is presented in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Revenues

                   

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges

  $ 2,168   $ 1,958   $ 1,895  

Net investment income

    2,853     3,064     3,811  

Realized capital gains and losses

    (517 )   (431 )   (3,127 )
               

Total revenues

    4,504     4,591     2,579  

Costs and expenses

                   

Life and annuity contract benefits

    (1,815 )   (1,617 )   (1,612 )

Interest credited to contractholder funds

    (1,807 )   (2,126 )   (2,411 )

Amortization of DAC

    (356 )   (965 )   (704 )

Operating costs and expenses

    (469 )   (430 )   (520 )

Restructuring and related charges

    3     (25 )   (1 )
               

Total costs and expenses

    (4,444 )   (5,163 )   (5,248 )

Gain (loss) on disposition of operations

   
6
   
7
   
(6

)

Income tax (expense) benefit

    (8 )   82     954  
               

Net income (loss)

  $ 58   $ (483 ) $ (1,721 )
               

Investments as of December 31

 
$

61,582
 
$

62,216
 
$

61,499
 
               

       Net income in 2010 was $58 million compared to a net loss of $483 million in 2009. The favorable change of $541 million was primarily due to lower amortization of DAC, decreased interest credited to contractholder funds and higher premiums and contract charges, partially offset by lower net investment income, higher contract benefits and increased net realized capital losses.

       Net loss was $483 million in 2009 compared to $1.72 billion in 2008. The improvement of $1.24 billion in 2009 compared to 2008 was primarily due to lower net realized capital losses and, to a lesser extent, decreased interest credited to contractholder funds and operating costs and expenses, partially offset by lower net investment income, higher amortization of DAC and a $142 million increase in the valuation allowance relating to the deferred tax asset on capital losses that was recorded in the first quarter of 2009. This valuation allowance was released in connection with our adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance on April 1, 2009; however, the release was recorded as an increase to retained income and therefore did not reverse the amount recorded in income tax expense.

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       Analysis of revenues    Total revenues decreased 1.9% or $87 million in 2010 compared to 2009 due to lower net investment income and higher net realized capital losses, partially offset by higher premiums and contract charges. Total revenues increased 78.0% or $2.01 billion in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to a $2.70 billion decrease in net realized capital losses, partially offset by a $747 million decline in net investment income.

       Life and annuity premiums and contract charges    Premiums represent revenues generated from traditional life insurance, immediate annuities with life contingencies, and accident and health insurance products that have significant mortality or morbidity risk. Contract charges are revenues generated from interest-sensitive and variable life insurance and fixed annuities for which deposits are classified as contractholder funds or separate account liabilities. Contract charges are assessed against the contractholder account values for maintenance, administration, cost of insurance and surrender prior to contractually specified dates.

       The following table summarizes life and annuity premiums and contract charges by product for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Underwritten products

                   

Traditional life insurance premiums

  $ 420   $ 407   $ 399  

Accident and health insurance premiums

    621     460     412  

Interest-sensitive life insurance contract charges

    991     944     896  
               
 

Subtotal

    2,032     1,811     1,707  

Annuities

                   

Immediate annuities with life contingencies premiums

    97     102     132  

Other fixed annuity contract charges

    39     45     56  
               
 

Subtotal

    136     147     188  
               

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges (1)

 
$

2,168
 
$

1,958
 
$

1,895
 
               

(1)
Total contract charges include contract charges related to the cost of insurance totaling $637 million, $616 million and $595 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       Total premiums and contract charges increased 10.7% in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to higher sales of accident and health insurance through Allstate Benefits, with a significant portion of the increase resulting from sales to employees of one large company, and higher contract charges on interest-sensitive life insurance products resulting from a shift in the mix of policies in force to contracts with higher cost of insurance rates and policy administration fees. In addition, increased traditional life insurance premiums in 2010 were primarily due to lower reinsurance premiums resulting from higher retention, partially offset by lower renewal premiums and decreased sales.

       Total premiums and contract charges increased 3.3% in 2009 compared to 2008 due to higher sales of accident and health insurance through Allstate Benefits and higher contract charges on interest-sensitive life insurance products resulting from increases in certain policy administration fees, partially offset by lower sales of immediate annuities with life contingencies.

       Contractholder funds represent interest-bearing liabilities arising from the sale of individual and institutional products, such as interest-sensitive life insurance, fixed annuities, funding agreements and bank deposits. The balance of contractholder funds is equal to the cumulative deposits received and interest credited to the contractholder less

71



cumulative contract maturities, benefits, surrenders, withdrawals and contract charges for mortality or administrative expenses. The following table shows the changes in contractholder funds for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Contractholder funds, beginning balance

  $ 52,582   $ 58,413   $ 61,975  

Deposits

                   

Fixed annuities

    932     1,964     3,802  

Institutional products (funding agreements)

            4,158  

Interest-sensitive life insurance

    1,512     1,438     1,404  

Bank and other deposits

    994     1,178     1,038  
               

Total deposits

    3,438     4,580     10,402  

Interest credited

   
1,794
   
2,025
   
2,405
 

Maturities, benefits, withdrawals and other adjustments

                   

Maturities and retirements of institutional products

    (1,833 )   (4,773 )   (8,599 )

Benefits

    (1,552 )   (1,588 )   (1,710 )

Surrenders and partial withdrawals

    (5,203 )   (5,172 )   (5,313 )

Contract charges

    (983 )   (918 )   (870 )

Net transfers from separate accounts

    11     11     19  

Fair value hedge adjustments for institutional products

    (196 )   25     (56 )

Other adjustments (1)

    137     (21 )   160  
               

Total maturities, benefits, withdrawals and other adjustments

    (9,619 )   (12,436 )   (16,369 )
               

Contractholder funds, ending balance

  $ 48,195   $ 52,582   $ 58,413  
               

(1)
The table above illustrates the changes in contractholder funds, which are presented gross of reinsurance recoverables on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The table above is intended to supplement our discussion and analysis of revenues, which are presented net of reinsurance on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As a result, the net change in contractholder funds associated with products reinsured to third parties is reflected as a component of the other adjustments line.

       Contractholder funds decreased 8.3%, 10.0% and 5.8% in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Average contractholder funds decreased 9.2% in 2010 compared to 2009 and 7.8% in 2009 compared to 2008.

       Contractholder deposits decreased 24.9% in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to lower deposits on fixed annuities. Deposits on fixed annuities decreased 52.5% in 2010 compared to 2009 due to our strategic decision to discontinue distributing fixed annuities through banks and broker-dealers and our goal to reduce our concentration in spread based products and improve returns on new business.

       Contractholder deposits decreased 56.0% in 2009 compared to 2008 because there were no issuances of institutional products in 2009 compared to $4.16 billion in 2008 and due to lower deposits on fixed annuities in 2009. Sales of our institutional products vary from period to period based on management's assessment of market conditions, investor demand and operational priorities such as our focus beginning in 2009 on reducing our concentration in spread based products. Deposits on fixed annuities decreased 48.3% in 2009 compared to 2008 due to pricing actions to improve returns on new business and reduce our concentration in spread based products.

       Maturities and retirements of institutional products decreased 61.6% to $1.83 billion in 2010 from $4.77 billion in 2009. During 2009, we retired all of our remaining outstanding extendible institutional market obligations totaling $1.45 billion. In addition, 2009 included the redemption of $1.39 billion of institutional product liabilities in conjunction with cash tender offers.

       Maturities and retirements of institutional products decreased 44.5% to $4.77 billion in 2009 from $8.60 billion in 2008. The decrease was primarily due to lower retirements of extendible institutional market obligations in 2009 compared to 2008, partially offset by the redemption in 2009 of institutional product liabilities in accordance with the cash tender offers.

       Surrenders and partial withdrawals on deferred fixed annuities, interest-sensitive life insurance products and Allstate Bank products (including maturities of certificates of deposit) increased 0.6% to $5.20 billion in 2010 from $5.17 billion in 2009, and decreased 2.7% in 2009 from $5.31 billion in 2008. In 2010, the increase was primarily due to higher surrenders and partial withdrawals on fixed annuities, partially offset by lower surrenders and partial withdrawals on Allstate Bank products. In 2009, the decrease was due to lower surrenders and partial withdrawals on traditional fixed annuities, partially offset by higher surrenders and partial withdrawals on market value adjusted

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annuities and interest-sensitive life insurance. The surrender and partial withdrawal rate on deferred fixed annuities, interest-sensitive life insurance products and Allstate Bank products, based on the beginning of year contractholder funds, was 12.2% in 2010 compared to 11.8% in 2009 and 12.2% in 2008.

       Net investment income decreased 6.9% or $211 million to $2.85 billion in 2010 from $3.06 billion in 2009 primarily due to lower yields, reduced average investment balances and risk reduction actions.

       Net investment income decreased 19.6% or $747 million to $3.06 billion in 2009 from $3.81 billion in 2008. The decline was primarily due to lower yields, actions to shorten duration and maintain additional liquidity in the portfolio, along with reduced average investment balances resulting primarily from reduced contractholder obligations.

       Net realized capital gains and losses are presented in the following table for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Impairment write-downs

  $ (501 ) $ (1,021 ) $ (1,256 )

Change in intent write-downs

    (142 )   (268 )   (1,247 )
               
 

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings

    (643 )   (1,289 )   (2,503 )

Sales

    219     638     178  

Valuation of derivative instruments

    (94 )   315     (985 )

Settlements of derivative instruments

    (31 )   41     197  

EMA limited partnership income

    32     (136 )   (14 )
               

Realized capital gains and losses, pre-tax

    (517 )   (431 )   (3,127 )

Income tax benefit

    180     14     1,093  
               

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

  $ (337 ) $ (417 ) $ (2,034 )
               

       For further discussion of realized capital gains and losses, see the Investments section of the MD&A.

       Analysis of costs and expenses    Total costs and expenses decreased 13.9% or $719 million in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to lower amortization of DAC and interest credited to contractholder funds, partially offset by higher contract benefits. Total costs and expenses decreased 1.6% or $85 million in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to lower interest credited to contractholder funds and operating costs and expenses, partially offset by higher amortization of DAC and restructuring and related charges.

       Life and annuity contract benefits increased 12.2% or $198 million in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to higher contract benefits on accident and health insurance and interest-sensitive life insurance products, partially offset by lower contract benefits on immediate annuities with life contingencies. Higher contract benefits on accident and health insurance were proportionate to growth in premiums. The increase in contract benefits on interest-sensitive life insurance was primarily due to the reestimation of reserves for certain secondary guarantees on universal life insurance policies and higher mortality experience resulting from an increase in average claim size and higher incidence of claims. Lower contract benefits on immediate annuities with life contingencies were due to the reestimation of reserves for benefits payable to certain annuitants to reflect current contractholder information.

       The reserve reestimations utilized more refined policy level information and assumptions in the second quarter of 2010. The increase in reserves for certain secondary guarantees on universal life insurance policies resulted in a charge to contract benefits of $68 million and a related reduction in amortization of DAC of $50 million. The decrease in reserves for immediate annuities resulted in a credit to contract benefits of $26 million. The net impact was an increase to income of $8 million, pre-tax.

       Life and annuity contract benefits increased 0.3% or $5 million in 2009 compared to 2008 due to higher contract benefits on life insurance products and accident and health insurance business, partially offset by lower contract benefits on annuities. The increase in contract benefits on life insurance products was primarily due to higher mortality experience on interest-sensitive life insurance products resulting from an increase in claim experience and policy growth while higher contract benefits on accident and health insurance business was proportionate to growth in premiums. The decrease in contract benefits for annuities was due to improved mortality experience and the impact of lower sales of immediate annuities with life contingencies.

       We analyze our mortality and morbidity results using the difference between premiums and contract charges earned for the cost of insurance and life and annuity contract benefits excluding the portion related to the implied interest on immediate annuities with life contingencies ("benefit spread"). This implied interest totaled $549 million, $558 million and $552 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

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       The benefit spread by product group is disclosed in the following table for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Life insurance

  $ 282   $ 363   $ 363  

Accident and health insurance

    252     196     177  

Annuities

    (25 )   (33 )   (62 )
               

Total benefit spread

  $ 509   $ 526   $ 478  
               

       Benefit spread decreased 3.2% or $17 million in 2010 compared to 2009. The decrease was primarily due to higher mortality experience on interest-sensitive life insurance, reestimations of reserves that increased contract benefits for interest-sensitive life insurance and decreased contract benefits for immediate annuities, partially offset by growth in accident and health insurance sold through Allstate Benefits.

       Benefit spread increased 10.0% or $48 million in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to improved mortality experience on annuities and higher premiums on accident and health insurance business sold through Allstate Benefits.

       Interest credited to contractholder funds decreased 15.0% or $319 million in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to lower average contractholder funds and management actions to reduce interest crediting rates on deferred fixed annuities and interest-sensitive life insurance. In addition, the decline in 2010 also reflects lower amortization of DSI.

       Amortization of DSI in 2010 was $27 million compared to $129 million in 2009. The decline in amortization of DSI in 2010 was primarily due to a $46 million decrease in amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses and a $38 million reduction in amortization acceleration for changes in assumptions.

       Interest credited to contractholder funds decreased 11.8% or $285 million in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to lower average contractholder funds and, to a lesser extent, decreased weighted average interest crediting rates on deferred fixed annuities and institutional products, partially offset by higher amortization of DSI. Amortization of DSI in 2009 and 2008 was $129 million and $53 million, respectively. The increase primarily relates to an unfavorable change in amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses of $132 million, partially offset by a $32 million decline in amortization acceleration due to changes in assumptions, which in 2009 and 2008 increased interest credited to contractholder funds by $38 million and $70 million, respectively.

       In order to analyze the impact of net investment income and interest credited to contractholders on net income, we monitor the difference between net investment income and the sum of interest credited to contractholder funds and the implied interest on immediate annuities with life contingencies, which is included as a component of life and annuity contract benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Operations ("investment spread").

       The investment spread by product group is shown in the following table for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Annuities and institutional products

  $ 179   $ 126   $ 460  

Life insurance

    35     3     48  

Allstate Bank products

    31     30     22  

Accident and health insurance

    18     16     12  

Net investment income on investments supporting capital

    234     205     306  
               

Total investment spread

  $ 497   $ 380   $ 848  
               

       Investment spread increased 30.8% or $117 million in 2010 compared to 2009 as lower net investment income was more than offset by decreased interest credited to contractholder funds, which includes lower amortization of DSI. Excluding amortization of DSI, investment spread increased 2.9% or $15 million in 2010 compared to 2009.

       Investment spread declined 55.2% or $468 million in 2009 compared to 2008. These declines reflect lower net investment income, partially offset by decreased interest credited to contractholder funds.

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       To further analyze investment spreads, the following table summarizes the weighted average investment yield on assets supporting product liabilities and capital, interest crediting rates and investment spreads for 2010, 2009 and 2008.

 
  Weighted average
investment yield
  Weighted average
interest crediting rate
  Weighted average
investment spreads
 
 
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

Interest-sensitive life insurance

    5.5 %   5.5 %   6.0 %   4.4 %   4.6 %   4.6 %   1.1 %   0.9 %   1.4 %

Deferred fixed annuities and institutional products

    4.4     4.5     5.2     3.2     3.4     3.7     1.2     1.1     1.5  

Immediate fixed annuities with and without life contingencies

    6.4     6.3     6.8     6.4     6.5     6.5         (0.2 )   0.3  

Investments supporting capital, traditional life and other products

    3.7     3.7     5.3     n/a     n/a     n/a     n/a     n/a     n/a  

       The following table summarizes our product liabilities as of December 31 and indicates the account value of those contracts and policies in which an investment spread is generated.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Immediate fixed annuities with life contingencies

  $ 8,696   $ 8,454   $ 8,355  

Other life contingent contracts and other

    4,786     4,456     4,526  
               
 

Reserve for life-contingent contract benefits

  $ 13,482   $ 12,910   $ 12,881  
               

Interest-sensitive life insurance

  $ 10,675   $ 10,276   $ 9,957  

Deferred fixed annuities

    29,367     32,194     33,766  

Immediate fixed annuities without life contingencies

    3,799     3,869     3,894  

Institutional products

    2,650     4,370     8,974  

Allstate Bank products

    1,091     1,085     949  

Market value adjustments related to fair value hedges and other

    613     788     873  
               
 

Contractholder funds

  $ 48,195   $ 52,582   $ 58,413  
               

       The following table summarizes the weighted average guaranteed crediting rates and weighted average current crediting rates for certain fixed annuities and interest-sensitive life contracts where management has the ability to change the crediting rate, subject to a contractual minimum. Other products, including equity-indexed, variable and immediate annuities, equity-indexed and variable life, institutional products and Allstate Bank products totaling $13.74 billion of contractholder funds, have been excluded from the analysis because management does not have the ability to change the crediting rate or the minimum crediting rate is not considering meaningful in this context.

($ in millions)
  As of December 31, 2010  
 
  Weighted
average
guaranteed
crediting rates
  Weighted
average
current
crediting rates
  Contractholder
funds
 

Annuities with annual crediting rate resets

    3.06 %   3.08 % $ 12,718  

Annuities with multi-year rate guarantees: (1)

                   
 

Resetable in next 12 months

    1.62     4.37     2,597  
 

Resetable after 12 months

    1.76     3.98     8,503  

Interest-sensitive life

    3.99     4.46     10,637  

(1)
These contracts include interest rate guarantee periods which are typically 5 or 6 years.

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       Amortization of DAC decreased 63.1% or $609 million in 2010 compared to 2009 and increased 37.1% or $261 million in 2009 compared to 2008. The components of amortization of DAC are summarized in the following table for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Amortization of DAC before amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses and changes in assumptions and premium deficiency

  $ (326 ) $ (472 ) $ (556 )

(Amortization) accretion relating to realized capital gains and losses

    (42 )   (216 )   515  

Amortization deceleration (acceleration) for changes in assumptions ("DAC unlocking")

    12     (277 )   (327 )

Amortization charge relating to premium deficiency

            (336 )
               
   

Total amortization of DAC

  $ (356 ) $ (965 ) $ (704 )
               

       The decrease of $609 million in 2010 was primarily due to a favorable change in amortization acceleration/deceleration for changes in assumptions, lower amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses, a decreased amortization rate on fixed annuities and lower amortization from decreased benefit spread on interest-sensitive life insurance due to the reestimation of reserves. The increase of $261 million in 2009 compared to 2008 was primarily due to an unfavorable change in amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses, partially offset by the absence of additional amortization recorded in 2008 in connection with a premium deficiency assessment, lower amortization resulting from decreased investment spread on deferred fixed annuities, and a decline in amortization acceleration due to changes in assumptions.

       The impact of realized capital gains and losses on amortization of DAC is dependent upon the relationship between the assets that give rise to the gain or loss and the product liability supported by the assets. Fluctuations result from changes in the impact of realized capital gains and losses on actual and expected gross profits. In 2010, DAC amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses resulted primarily from realized capital gains on derivatives and sales of fixed income securities. In 2009, DAC amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses resulted primarily from realized capital gains on derivatives. Additionally, DAC amortization in 2010 and 2009 reflects our decision in the second half of 2009 not to recapitalize DAC for credit or derivative losses on investments supporting certain fixed annuities following concerns that an increase in the level of expected realized capital losses may reduce EGP and adversely impact the product DAC recoverability. In 2008, DAC accretion resulted primarily from realized capital losses on derivatives and other-than-temporary impairment losses.

       Our annual comprehensive review of the profitability of our products to determine DAC balances for our interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment contracts covers assumptions for investment returns, including capital gains and losses, interest crediting rates to policyholders, the effect of any hedges, persistency, mortality and expenses in all product lines. In the first quarter of 2010, the review resulted in a deceleration of DAC amortization (credit to income) of $12 million. Amortization deceleration of $45 million related to variable life insurance and was primarily due to appreciation in the underlying separate account valuations. Amortization acceleration of $32 million related to interest-sensitive life insurance and was primarily due to an increase in projected realized capital losses and lower projected renewal premium (which is also expected to reduce persistency), partially offset by lower expenses.

       In 2009, our annual comprehensive review resulted in the acceleration of DAC amortization (charge to income) of $277 million. $289 million related to fixed annuities, of which $210 million was attributable to market value adjusted annuities, and $18 million related to variable life insurance. Partially offsetting these amounts was amortization deceleration (credit to income) for interest-sensitive life insurance of $30 million. The principal assumption impacting fixed annuity amortization acceleration was an increase in the level of expected realized capital losses in 2009 and 2010. For interest-sensitive life insurance, the amortization deceleration was due to a favorable change in our mortality assumptions, partially offset by increased expected capital losses.

       In 2008, DAC amortization acceleration for changes in assumptions recorded in connection with comprehensive reviews of the DAC balances resulted in an increase to amortization of DAC of $327 million. The principle assumption impacting the amortization acceleration in 2008 was the level of realized capital losses impacting actual gross profits in 2008 and the impact of realized capital losses on EGP in 2009. During the fourth quarter of 2008, our assumptions for EGP were impacted by a view of higher impairments in our investment portfolio.

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       During 2008, indicators emerged that suggested a study of mortality experience for our immediate annuities with life contingences was warranted. At the same time, the underlying profitability of the traditional life insurance business deteriorated due to lower investment returns and growth. For traditional life insurance and immediate annuities with life contingencies, an aggregate premium deficiency of $336 million resulted primarily from the experience study indicating that the annuitants on certain life contingent contracts are projected to live longer than we anticipated when the contracts were issued and, to a lesser degree, a reduction in the related investment portfolio yield. The deficiency was recorded through a reduction in DAC. There was no similar charge to income recorded in 2010 or 2009.

       The changes in the DAC asset are detailed in the following table.

($ in millions)

 

  Traditional life and
accident and health
  Interest-sensitive
life insurance
  Fixed annuities   Other   Total  
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009  

Beginning balance

  $ 650   $ 595   $ 2,246   $ 2,449   $ 1,159   $ 4,037   $ 5   $ 8   $ 4,060   $ 7,089  

Acquisition costs deferred

    156     162     275     230     52     103             483     495  

Impact of adoption of new OTTI accounting before unrealized impact (1)

                (6 )       (170 )               (176 )

Impact of adoption of new OTTI accounting effect of unrealized capital gains and losses (2)

                6         170                 176  

Amortization of DAC before amortization relating to realized capital gains and losses and changes in assumptions (3)

    (113 )   (107 )   (140 )   (176 )   (71 )   (186 )   (2 )   (3 )   (326 )   (472 )

Accretion (amortization) relating to realized capital gains and losses (3)

            15     (4 )   (57 )   (212 )           (42 )   (216 )

Amortization deceleration (acceleration) for changes in assumptions ("DAC unlocking") (3)

            13     12     (1 )   (289 )           12     (277 )

Effect of unrealized capital gains and losses (4)

            (144 )   (265 )   (651 )   (2,294 )           (795 )   (2,559 )
                                           

Ending balance

  $ 693   $ 650   $ 2,265   $ 2,246   $ 431   $ 1,159   $ 3   $ 5   $ 3,392   $ 4,060  
                                           

(1)
The adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance resulted in an adjustment to DAC to reverse previously recorded DAC accretion related to realized capital losses that were reclassified to other comprehensive income upon adoption on April 1, 2009. The adjustment was recorded as a reduction of the DAC balance and retained income.
(2)
The adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance resulted in an adjustment to DAC due to the change in unrealized capital gains and losses that occurred upon adoption on April 1, 2009 when previously recorded realized capital losses were reclassified to other comprehensive income. The adjustment was recorded as an increase of the DAC balance and unrealized capital gains and losses.
(3)
Included as a component of amortization of DAC on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(4)
Represents the change in the DAC adjustment for unrealized capital gains and losses. The DAC adjustment balance was $75 million and $870 million as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and represents the amount by which the amortization of DAC would increase or decrease if the unrealized gains and losses in the respective product portfolios were realized. Recapitalization of DAC is limited to the originally deferred policy acquisition costs plus interest.

       Operating costs and expenses increased 9.1% or $39 million in 2010 compared to 2009 and decreased 17.3% or $90 million in 2009 compared to 2008. The following table summarizes operating costs and expenses.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Non-deferrable acquisition costs

  $ 168   $ 156   $ 153  

Other operating costs and expenses

    301     274     367  
               

Total operating costs and expenses

  $ 469   $ 430   $ 520  
               

Restructuring and related charges

  $ (3 ) $ 25   $ 1  
               

       Non-deferrable acquisition costs increased 7.7% or $12 million in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to higher non-deferrable commissions related to accident and health insurance business sold through Allstate Benefits. Other operating costs and expenses increased 9.9% or $27 million in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to higher product development, marketing and technology costs, increased litigation expenses, lower reinsurance expense allowances resulting from higher retention and increases in the net cost of employee benefits. In 2010, these increased costs were partially offset by our expense reduction actions, which resulted in lower employee, professional services and sales support expenses.

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       Non-deferrable acquisition costs increased 2.0% or $3 million in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to higher non-deferrable commissions related to accident and health insurance business sold through Allstate Benefits. Other operating costs and expenses decreased 25.3% or $93 million in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to our expense reduction actions, which resulted in lower employee, professional services and sales support expenses.

       During 2009, restructuring and related charges of $25 million were recorded in connection with our previously announced plan to improve efficiency and narrow our focus of product offerings. In accordance with this plan, among other actions, we eliminated approximately 1,000 workforce positions relative to December 31, 2008 levels through a combination of attrition, position elimination and outsourcing. This reduction reflected approximately 30% of Allstate Financial's work force at the time the plan was initiated. Through our actions completed as of December 31, 2010, we anticipate that we will exceed our targeted annual savings of $90 million beginning in 2011.

       Income tax expense of $8 million was recognized for 2010 compared to income tax benefits of $82 million and $954 million in 2009 and 2008, respectively. Income tax benefit for 2009 included expense of $142 million attributable to an increase in the valuation allowance relating to the deferred tax asset on capital losses recorded in the first quarter of 2009. This valuation allowance was released in connection with the adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance on April 1, 2009; however, the release was recorded as an increase to retained income and therefore did not reverse the amount recorded in income tax benefit.

       Reinsurance ceded    We enter into reinsurance agreements with unaffiliated reinsurers to limit our risk of mortality and morbidity losses. In addition, Allstate Financial has used reinsurance to effect the acquisition or disposition of certain blocks of business. We retain primary liability as a direct insurer for all risks ceded to reinsurers. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, 45% and 47%, respectively, of our face amount of life insurance in force was reinsured. Additionally, we ceded substantially all of the risk associated with our variable annuity business and we cede 100% of the morbidity risk on substantially all of our long-term care contracts.

       Our reinsurance recoverables, summarized by reinsurer as of December 31, are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)

 

  Standard & Poor's
Financial
Strength Rating 
(3)
  Reinsurance
recoverable on paid
and unpaid benefits
 
 
   
  2010   2009  

Prudential Insurance Company of America

  AA-   $ 1,633   $ 1,507  

Employers Reassurance Corporation

  A+     853     745  

Transamerica Life Group

  AA-     402     374  

RGA Reinsurance Company

  AA-     360     352  

Swiss Re Life and Health America, Inc. 

  A+     210     200  

Paul Revere Life Insurance Company

  A-     140     146  

Scottish Re Group (1)

  N/A     136     137  

Munich American Reassurance

  AA-     124     119  

Mutual of Omaha Insurance

  AA-     98     101  

Security Life of Denver

  A     79     91  

Manulife Insurance Company

  AA-     68     71  

Lincoln National Life Insurance

  AA-     64     65  

Triton Insurance Company

  N/A     58     61  

American Health & Life Insurance Co. 

  N/A     50     51  

Other (2)

        125     123  
               
 

Total

      $ 4,400   $ 4,143  
               

(1)
The reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid benefits related to the Scottish Re Group as of December 31, 2010 comprised $73 million related to Scottish Re Life Corporation and $63 million related to Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. The reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid benefits related to the Scottish Re Group as of December 31, 2009 comprised $74 million related to Scottish Re Life Corporation and $63 million related to Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc.
(2)
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the other category includes $106 million and $100 million, respectively, of recoverables due from reinsurers with an investment grade credit rating from Standard & Poor's ("S&P").
(3)
N/A reflects no rating available.

       Certain of our reinsurers experienced rating downgrades in 2010 by S&P, including Security Life of Denver and Manulife Insurance Company. We continuously monitor the creditworthiness of reinsurers in order to determine our risk

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of recoverability on an individual and aggregate basis, and a provision for uncollectible reinsurance is recorded if needed. No amounts have been deemed unrecoverable in the three-years ended December 31, 2010.

       We enter into certain intercompany reinsurance transactions for the Allstate Financial operations in order to maintain underwriting control and manage insurance risk among various legal entities. These reinsurance agreements have been approved by the appropriate regulatory authorities. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

INVESTMENTS 2010 HIGHLIGHTS

Investments as of December 31, 2010 totaled $100.48 billion, an increase of 0.7% from $99.83 billion as of December 31, 2009.
Unrealized net capital gains totaled $1.39 billion as of December 31, 2010, improving from unrealized net capital losses of $2.32 billion as of December 31, 2009.
As of December 31, 2010, the fair value for our below investment grade fixed income securities with gross unrealized losses totaled $3.29 billion compared to $3.51 billion as of December 31, 2009. The gross unrealized losses for these securities totaled $1.08 billion as of December 31, 2010, an improvement of 40.4% from $1.81 billion as of December 31, 2009.
Net investment income was $4.10 billion in 2010, a decrease of 7.7% from $4.44 billion in 2009.
Net realized capital losses were $827 million in 2010 compared to net realized capital losses of $583 million in 2009.
Derivative net realized capital losses totaled $601 million in 2010 compared to net realized capital gains of $205 million in 2009. Derivative net realized capital losses in 2010 resulted primarily from our risk management actions.
During 2010, our fixed income and mortgage loan portfolio generated $10.19 billion of cash flows from interest and maturities.

INVESTMENTS

       Overview and strategy    The return on our investment portfolios is an important component of our financial results. Investment portfolios are segmented between the Property-Liability, Allstate Financial and Corporate and Other operations. While taking into consideration the investment portfolio in aggregate, we manage the underlying portfolios based upon the nature of each respective business and its corresponding liability structure.

       We employ a strategic asset allocation approach which uses models that consider the nature of the liabilities and risk tolerances, as well as the risk and return parameters of the various asset classes in which we invest. This asset allocation is informed by our global economic and market outlook, as well as other inputs and constraints, including diversification effects, duration, liquidity and capital considerations. Within the ranges set by the strategic asset allocation model, tactical investment decisions are made in consideration of prevailing market conditions. We continue to manage risks associated with interest rates, credit and credit spreads, equity markets, and real estate and municipal bonds.

       The Property-Liability portfolio's investment strategy emphasizes protection of principal and consistent income generation, within a total return framework. This approach, which has produced competitive returns over the long term, is designed to ensure financial strength and stability for paying claims, while maximizing economic value and surplus growth.

       The Allstate Financial portfolio's investment strategy focuses on the total return of assets needed to support the underlying liabilities, asset-liability management and achieving an appropriate return on capital.

       The Corporate and Other portfolio's investment strategy balances the pursuit of competitive returns with the unique liquidity needs of the portfolio in relation to the overall corporate capital structure. The portfolio is primarily invested in high quality, liquid fixed income and short-term securities with additional investments in less liquid holdings in order to enhance overall returns.

Risk mitigation

       We continue to focus our strategic risk mitigation efforts towards managing interest rate, credit and credit spreads, equity and real estate and municipal bond investment risks, while our return optimization efforts focus on investing in new opportunities to generate income and capital appreciation. As a result, during 2010 we took the following actions:

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Investments outlook

       For 2011, we expect the U.S. and other developed economies to recover at a moderate pace, with greater growth in developing and emerging countries. These increasing growth expectations should move equity prices higher. Expected tightening of monetary policy will drive interest rates moderately higher. With expected growth in the economy, credit markets should continue to improve, but challenges will remain in certain segments such as municipal bonds. As a result, we plan to focus on the following priorities:

As a result of these actions and market conditions:

       Portfolio composition    The composition of the investment portfolios as of December 31, 2010 is presented in the table below. Also see Notes 2 and 4 of the consolidated financial statements for investment accounting policies and additional information.

 
  Property-
Liability 
(5)
  Allstate
Financial 
(5)
  Corporate and
Other 
(5)
  Total  
($ in millions)
   
  Percent
to total
   
  Percent
to total
   
  Percent
to total
   
  Percent
to total
 

Fixed income securities (1)

  $ 27,413     78.2 % $ 49,934     81.1 % $ 2,265     58.8 % $ 79,612     79.2 %

Equity securities (2)

    4,578     13.1     233     0.4             4,811     4.8  

Mortgage loans

    18     0.1     6,661     10.8             6,679     6.6  

Limited partnership interests (3)

    2,506     7.1     1,274     2.1     36     0.9     3,816     3.8  

Short-term (4)

    430     1.2     1,297     2.1     1,552     40.3     3,279     3.3  

Other

    103     0.3     2,183     3.5             2,286     2.3  
                                   
 

Total

  $ 35,048     100.0 % $ 61,582     100.0 % $ 3,853     100.0 % $ 100,483     100.0 %
                                   

(1)
Fixed income securities are carried at fair value. Amortized cost basis for these securities was $27.38 billion, $49.19 billion and $2.22 billion for Property-Liability, Allstate Financial and Corporate and Other, respectively.
(2)
Equity securities are carried at fair value. Cost basis for these securities was $4.04 billion and $185 million for Property-Liability and Allstate Financial, respectively.
(3)
We have commitments to invest in additional limited partnership interests totaling $740 million and $731 million for Property-Liability and Allstate Financial, respectively.
(4)
Short-term investments are carried at fair value. Amortized cost basis for these investments was $430 million, $1.30 billion and $1.55 billion for Property-Liability, Allstate Financial and Corporate and Other, respectively.
(5)
Balances reflect the elimination of related party investments between segments.

       Total investments increased to $100.48 billion as of December 31, 2010, from $99.83 billion as of December 31, 2009, primarily due to higher valuations for fixed income securities, partially offset by net reductions in contractholder obligations. Valuations of fixed income securities are typically driven by a combination of changes in relevant risk-free interest rates and credit spreads over the period. Risk-free interest rates are typically defined as the yield on U.S. Treasury securities, whereas credit spread is the additional yield on fixed income securities above the risk-free rate that market participants require to compensate them for assuming credit, liquidity and/or prepayment risks. The increase in valuation of fixed income securities during 2010 was mainly due to declining risk-free interest rates and tightening of credit spreads in certain sectors.

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       The Property-Liability investment portfolio increased to $35.05 billion as of December 31, 2010, from $34.53 billion as of December 31, 2009, primarily due to higher valuations for equity and fixed income securities and positive operating cash flows, partially offset by dividends paid by Allstate Insurance Company ("AIC") to its parent, The Allstate Corporation.

       The Allstate Financial investment portfolio decreased to $61.58 billion as of December 31, 2010, from $62.22 billion as of December 31, 2009, primarily due to net reductions in contractholder obligations of $4.39 billion, partially offset by higher valuations for fixed income securities.

       The Corporate and Other investment portfolio increased to $3.85 billion as of December 31, 2010, from $3.09 billion as of December 31, 2009, primarily due to dividends of $1.30 billion paid by AIC to the Corporation and higher valuations for fixed income securities, partially offset by dividends paid to shareholders, interest paid on debt and share repurchases.

       Fixed income securities by type are listed in the table below.

($ in millions)
  Fair value as of
December 31,
2010
  Percent to
total
investments
  Fair value as of
December 31,
2009
  Percent to
total
investments
 

U.S. government and agencies

  $ 8,596     8.6 % $ 7,536     7.6 %

Municipal

    15,934     15.9     21,280     21.3  

Corporate

    37,655     37.5     33,115     33.2  

Foreign government

    3,158     3.1     3,197     3.2  

Residential mortgage-backed securities ("RMBS")

    7,993     7.9     7,987     8.0  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS")

    1,994     2.0     2,586     2.6  

Asset-backed securities ("ABS")

    4,244     4.2     3,026     3.0  

Redeemable preferred stock

    38         39      
                   

Total fixed income securities

  $ 79,612     79.2 % $ 78,766     78.9 %
                   

       As of December 31, 2010, 91.6% of the consolidated fixed income securities portfolio was rated investment grade, which is defined as a security having a rating of Aaa, Aa, A or Baa from Moody's, a rating of AAA, AA, A or BBB from S&P, Fitch, Dominion, or Realpoint, a rating of aaa, aa, a, or bbb from A.M. Best, or a comparable internal rating if an externally provided rating is not available.

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       The following table summarizes the fair value and unrealized net capital gains and losses for fixed income securities by credit rating as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)
  Aaa   Aa   A  
 
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
 

U.S. government and agencies

  $ 8,596   $ 276   $   $   $   $  

Municipal

                                     
 

Tax exempt

    1,384     81     4,357     76     2,454     (7 )
 

Taxable

    193     (2 )   2,619     (18 )   1,110     (38 )
 

ARS

    893     (51 )   61     (6 )   113     (16 )

Corporate

                                     
 

Public

    1,604     21     2,771     98     7,939     367  
 

Privately placed

    936     14     1,881     50     3,917     169  

Foreign government

   
1,766
   
257
   
479
   
22
   
537
   
36
 

RMBS

                                     
 

U.S. government sponsored entities ("U.S. Agency")

    4,728     147                  
 

Prime residential mortgage-backed securities ("Prime")

    434     4     71     (1 )   197     2  
 

Alt-A residential mortgage-backed securities ("Alt-A")

    40     (2 )   62     (6 )   102     (5 )
 

Subprime residential mortgage-backed securities ("Subprime")

    88     (3 )   297     (67 )   89     (23 )

CMBS

   
1,134
   
42
   
241
   
(9

)
 
151
   
(18

)

ABS

                                     
 

Collateralized debt obligations ("CDO")

    30     (1 )   628     (14 )   481     (44 )
 

Consumer and other asset-backed securities ("Consumer and other ABS")

    1,343     22     405     3     363      

Redeemable preferred stock

   
   
   
1
   
   
2
   
 
                           

Total fixed income securities

  $ 23,169   $ 805   $ 13,873   $ 128   $ 17,455   $ 423  
                           

 

 
  Baa   Ba or lower   Total  
 
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
 

U.S. government and agencies

  $   $   $   $   $ 8,596   $ 276  

Municipal

                                     
 

Tax exempt

    1,342     (46 )   577     (85 )   10,114     19  
 

Taxable

    495     (74 )   137     (47 )   4,554     (179 )
 

ARS

    101     (14 )   98     (20 )   1,266     (107 )

Corporate

                                     
 

Public

    8,917     402     1,909     69     23,140     957  
 

Privately placed

    6,241     174     1,540     31     14,515     438  

Foreign government

   
376
   
22
   
   
   
3,158
   
337
 

RMBS

                                     
 

U.S. Agency

                    4,728     147  
 

Prime

    8         517     (5 )   1,227      
 

Alt-A

    39     (4 )   406     (96 )   649     (113 )
 

Subprime

    98     (24 )   817     (433 )   1,389     (550 )

CMBS

   
331
   
(100

)
 
137
   
(134

)
 
1,994
   
(219

)

ABS

                                     
 

CDO

    282     (72 )   489     (70 )   1,910     (201 )
 

Consumer and other ABS

    198         25     (5 )   2,334     20  

Redeemable preferred stock

   
30
   
1
   
5
   
   
38
   
1
 
                           

Total fixed income securities

  $ 18,458   $ 265   $ 6,657   $ (795 ) $ 79,612   $ 826  
                           

       Municipal bonds, including tax exempt, taxable and ARS securities, totaled $15.93 billion as of December 31, 2010 with an unrealized net capital loss of $267 million.

       As of December 31, 2010, 45.8% or $7.29 billion of our municipal bond portfolio is insured by nine bond insurers and 45.7% of these securities have a credit rating of Aaa or Aa. 47.8% of our insured municipal bond portfolio was insured by National Public Finance Guarantee Corporation, Inc., 22.7% by Ambac Assurance Corporation, 21.7% by Assured Guaranty Municipal Corporation and 3.3% by Assured Guaranty Ltd. Given the effects of the economic crisis on bond insurers, the value inherent in this insurance has declined. We believe the fair value of our insured municipal bond

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portfolio substantially reflects the decline in the value of the insurance, and further related valuation declines, if any, are not expected to be material. Our practice for acquiring and monitoring municipal bonds is predominantly based on the underlying credit quality of the primary obligor. We currently expect to receive all contractual cash flows from the primary obligor and are not relying on bond insurers for payments.

       Included in our municipal bond holdings as of December 31, 2010 are $925 million of municipal securities which are not rated by third party credit rating agencies, but are rated by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") and are also internally rated. These holdings include $490 million of below investment grade municipal bonds, most of which were purchased to provide the opportunity to achieve incremental returns. Our initial investment decisions and ongoing monitoring procedures for these securities are based on a thorough due diligence process which includes, but is not limited to, an assessment of the credit quality, sector, structure, and liquidity risks of each issue.

       ARS totaled $1.27 billion with an unrealized net capital loss of $107 million as of December 31, 2010. Our holdings primarily have a credit rating of Aaa. $1.23 billion of our holdings are collateralized by pools of student loans for which at least 85% of the collateral was insured by the U.S. Department of Education at the time we purchased the security. As of December 31, 2010, $840 million of our ARS backed by student loans was 100% insured by the U.S. Department of Education, $223 million was 90% to 99% insured and $118 million was 80% to 89% insured. All of our student loan ARS holdings are experiencing failed auctions and we receive the failed auction rate or, for those which contain maximum reset rate formulas, we receive the contractual maximum rate. We anticipate that failed auctions may persist and most of our holdings will continue to pay the failed auction rate or, for those that contain maximum rate reset formulas, the maximum rate. Auctions continue to be conducted as scheduled for each of the securities.

       Corporate bonds, including publicly traded and privately placed, totaled $37.66 billion as of December 31, 2010 with an unrealized net capital gain of $1.40 billion. Privately placed securities primarily consist of corporate issued senior debt securities that are in unregistered form or are directly negotiated with the borrower. 53.7% of the privately placed corporate securities in our portfolio are rated by an independent rating agency and substantially all are rated by the NAIC.

       Our portfolio of privately placed securities is broadly diversified by issuer, industry sector and country. The portfolio is made up of 576 issuers. Privately placed corporate obligations contain structural security features such as financial covenants and call protections that provide investors greater protection against credit deterioration, reinvestment risk or fluctuations in interest rates than those typically found in publicly registered debt securities. Additionally, investments in these securities are made after extensive due diligence of the issuer, typically including direct discussions with senior management and on-site visits to company facilities. Ongoing monitoring includes direct periodic dialog with senior management of the issuer and continuous monitoring of operating performance and financial position. Every issue not rated by an independent rating agency is internally rated with a formal rating affirmation at least once a year.

       Foreign government securities totaled $3.16 billion, with 100% rated investment grade, as of December 31, 2010. Of these securities, 44.1% are backed by the U.S. government, 18.7% are in Canadian governmental securities held in our Canadian subsidiary and the remaining 37.2% are highly diversified in other foreign governments.

       RMBS, CMBS and ABS are structured securities that are primarily collateralized by residential and commercial real estate loans and other consumer or corporate borrowings. The cash flows from the underlying collateral paid to the securitization trust are generally applied in a pre-determined order and are designed so that each security issued by the trust, typically referred to as a "class", qualifies for a specific original rating. For example, the "senior" portion or "top" of the capital structure, or rating class, which would originally qualify for a rating of Aaa typically has priority in receiving principal repayments on the underlying collateral and retains this priority until the class is paid in full. In a sequential structure, underlying collateral principal repayments are directed to the most senior rated Aaa class in the structure until paid in full, after which principal repayments are directed to the next most senior Aaa class in the structure until it is paid in full. Senior Aaa classes generally share any losses from the underlying collateral on a pro-rata basis after losses are absorbed by classes with lower original ratings. The payment priority and class subordination included in these securities serves as credit enhancement for holders of the senior or top portions of the structures. These securities continue to retain the payment priority features that existed at the origination of the securitization trust. Other forms of credit enhancement may include structural features embedded in the securitization trust, such as overcollateralization, excess spread and bond insurance. The underlying collateral can have fixed interest rates, variable interest rates (such as adjustable rate mortgages ("ARM")) or may contain features of both fixed and variable rate mortgages.

       RMBS, including U.S. Agency, Prime, Alt-A and Subprime, totaled $7.99 billion, with 78.2% rated investment grade, as of December 31, 2010. The RMBS portfolio is subject to interest rate risk, but unlike other fixed income securities, is

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additionally subject to significant prepayment risk from the underlying residential mortgage loans. The credit risk associated with our RMBS portfolio is mitigated due to the fact that 59.2% of the portfolio consists of securities that were issued by or have underlying collateral guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. The unrealized net capital loss of $516 million as of December 31, 2010 was the result of wider credit spreads than at initial purchase on the non-U.S. Agency portion of our RMBS portfolio, largely due to higher risk premiums caused by macroeconomic conditions and credit market deterioration, including the impact of lower real estate valuations, which began to show signs of stabilization in certain geographic areas in 2010. The following table shows our RMBS portfolio as of December 31, 2010 based upon vintage year of the issuance of the securities.

($ in millions)

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
  U.S. Agency   Prime   Alt-A   Subprime   Total RMBS  
 
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
 

2010

  $ 538   $   $ 221   $ 6   $ 63   $ 2   $   $   $ 822   $ 8  

2009

    753     12     81     1     8                 842     13  

2008

    737     16                             737     16  

2007

    434     8     242     6     101     (59 )   315     (184 )   1,092     (229 )

2006

    310     10     212         188     (20 )   397     (155 )   1,107     (165 )

2005

    618     23     191     (14 )   134     (13 )   416     (134 )   1,359     (138 )

Pre-2005

    1,338     78     280     1     155     (23 )   261     (77 )   2,034     (21 )
                                           
 

Total

  $ 4,728   $ 147   $ 1,227   $   $ 649   $ (113 ) $ 1,389   $ (550 ) $ 7,993   $ (516 )
                                           

       Prime are collateralized by residential mortgage loans issued to prime borrowers. As of December 31, 2010, $913 million of the Prime had fixed rate underlying collateral and $314 million had variable rate underlying collateral.

       Alt-A includes securities collateralized by residential mortgage loans issued to borrowers who do not qualify for prime financing terms due to high loan-to-value ratios or limited supporting documentation, but have stronger credit profiles than subprime borrowers. As of December 31, 2010, $473 million of the Alt-A had fixed rate underlying collateral and $176 million had variable rate underlying collateral.

       Subprime includes securities collateralized by residential mortgage loans issued to borrowers that cannot qualify for Prime or Alt-A financing terms due in part to weak or limited credit history. It also includes securities that are collateralized by certain second lien mortgages regardless of the borrower's credit history. The Subprime portfolio consisted of $1.13 billion and $260 million of first lien and second lien securities, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, $659 million of the Subprime had fixed rate underlying collateral and $730 million had variable rate underlying collateral.

       CMBS totaled $1.99 billion, with 93.1% rated investment grade, as of December 31, 2010. The CMBS portfolio is subject to credit risk, but unlike certain other structured securities, is generally not subject to prepayment risk due to protections within the underlying commercial mortgage loans. Of the CMBS investments, 94.8% are traditional conduit transactions collateralized by commercial mortgage loans, broadly diversified across property types and geographical area. The remainder consists of non-traditional CMBS such as small balance transactions, large loan pools and single borrower transactions.

       The following table shows our CMBS portfolio as of December 31, 2010 based upon vintage year of the underlying collateral.

($ in millions)
 

  Fair
value
  Unrealized
gain/(loss)
 

2010

  $ 22   $ (1 )

2007

    276     (17 )

2006

    598     (166 )

2005

    315     (40 )

Pre-2005

    783     5  
           
 

Total CMBS

  $ 1,994   $ (219 )
           

       The unrealized net capital loss of $219 million as of December 31, 2010 on our CMBS portfolio was the result of wider credit spreads than at initial purchase, largely due to the macroeconomic conditions and credit market deterioration, including the impact of lower real estate valuations, which began to show signs of stabilization in certain geographic areas in 2010. While CMBS spreads tightened during 2009 and 2010, credit spreads in most rating classes remain wider than at initial purchase, which is particularly evident in our 2005-2007 vintage year CMBS.

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       ABS, including CDO and Consumer and other ABS, totaled $4.24 billion, with 87.9% rated investment grade, as of December 31, 2010. Credit risk is managed by monitoring the performance of the underlying collateral. Many of the securities in the ABS portfolio have credit enhancement with features such as overcollateralization, subordinated structures, reserve funds, guarantees and/or insurance. The unrealized net capital loss of $181 million as of December 31, 2010 on our ABS portfolio was the result of wider credit spreads than at initial purchase.

       CDO totaled $1.91 billion, with 74.4% rated investment grade, as of December 31, 2010. CDO consist primarily of obligations collateralized by high yield and investment grade corporate credits including $1.48 billion of cash flow collateralized loan obligations ("CLO") with unrealized losses of $80 million. The remaining $434 million of securities consisted of synthetic CDO, trust preferred CDO, market value CDO, project finance CDO, collateralized bond obligations and other CLO with unrealized losses of $121 million.

       Cash flow CLO are structures collateralized primarily by below investment grade senior secured corporate loans. The underlying collateral is actively managed by external managers that monitor the collateral's performance and is well diversified across industries and among issuers. A transaction will typically issue notes with various capital structure classes (i.e. Aaa, Aa, A, etc.) as well as equity-like tranches. In general, these securities are structured with overcollateralization ratios and performance is impacted primarily by defaults and recoveries of the underlying collateral within the structures, which reduce overcollateralization ratios over time. A violation of the senior overcollateralization test could result in an event of default of the structure which would give the controlling class, generally defined as the majority of the senior lenders, certain rights, including the ability to divert cash flows or liquidate the underlying portfolio to pay off the senior liabilities.

       Consumer and other ABS totaled $2.33 billion, with 98.9% rated investment grade, as of December 31, 2010. Consumer and other ABS consists of $1.49 billion of auto and $847 million of other ABS with unrealized gains of $10 million and $10 million, respectively.

       Equity securities    Equity securities include common stocks, exchange traded funds, non-redeemable preferred stocks and real estate investment trust equity investments. The equity securities portfolio was $4.81 billion as of December 31, 2010 compared to $5.02 billion as of December 31, 2009. Net unrealized gains totaled $583 million as of December 31, 2010 compared to $179 million as of December 31, 2009.

       Mortgage loans    Our mortgage loan portfolio, which is primarily held in the Allstate Financial portfolio, totaled $6.68 billion as of December 31, 2010, compared to $7.94 billion as of December 31, 2009, and primarily comprises loans secured by first mortgages on developed commercial real estate. Key considerations used to manage our exposure include property type and geographic diversification by state and metropolitan area.

       We recognized $65 million of realized capital losses related to net increases in the valuation allowance on impaired mortgage loans in 2010, primarily due to deteriorating debt service coverage resulting from a decrease in occupancy and the risk associated with refinancing near-term maturities due to declining underlying collateral valuations. We recognized $97 million of realized capital losses related to net increases in the valuation allowance on impaired loans in 2009.

       For further detail on our mortgage loan portfolio, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.

       Limited partnership interests consist of investments in private equity/debt funds, real estate funds, hedge funds and tax credit funds. The limited partnership interests portfolio is well diversified across a number of characteristics including fund sponsors, vintage years, strategies, geography (including international), and company/property types. The following table presents information about our limited partnership interests as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)

 

  Private
equity/debt
funds
  Real estate
funds
  Hedge
funds
  Tax
credit
funds
  Total  

Cost method of accounting ("Cost")

  $ 937   $ 320   $ 83   $ 8   $ 1,348  

Equity method of accounting ("EMA")

    658     309     1,266     235     2,468  
                       
 

Total

  $ 1,595   $ 629   $ 1,349   $ 243   $ 3,816  
                       

Number of sponsors

   
90
   
41
   
12
   
7
       

Number of individual funds

    142     86     104     7        

Largest exposure to single fund

  $ 49   $ 34   $ 87   $ 50        

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       Our aggregate limited partnership exposure represented 3.8% and 2.8% of total invested assets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       The following table shows the results from our limited partnership interests by fund type and accounting classification for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  
 
  Cost   EMA   Total
income
  Impairment
write-downs 
(1)
  Cost   EMA   Total income   Impairment
write-downs 
(1)
 

Private equity/debt funds

  $ 40   $ 76   $ 116   $ (9 ) $ 16   $ (61 ) $ (45 ) $ (79 )

Real estate funds

    2     (34 )   (32 )   (35 )   1     (181 )   (180 )   (223 )

Hedge funds

        47     47     (2 )       101     101     (6 )

Tax credit funds

    (2 )       (2 )                    
                                   
 

Total

  $ 40   $ 89   $ 129   $ (46 ) $ 17   $ (141 ) $ (124 ) $ (308 )
                                   

(1)
Impairment write-downs related to Cost limited partnerships were $45 million and $297 million in 2010 and 2009, respectively. Impairment write-downs related to EMA limited partnerships were $1 million and $11 million in 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       Limited partnership interests, excluding impairment write-downs, produced income of $129 million in 2010 compared to losses of $124 million in 2009. Income on EMA limited partnerships is recognized on a delay due to the availability of the related financial statements. The recognition of income on hedge funds is primarily on a one-month delay and the income recognition on private equity/debt funds, real estate funds and tax credit funds are generally on a three-month delay. Income on Cost limited partnerships is recognized only upon receipt of amounts distributed by the partnerships.

       Short-term investments    Our short-term investment portfolio was $3.28 billion and $3.06 billion as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       Other investments    Our other investments as of December 31, 2010 primarily comprise $1.14 billion of policy loans, $439 million of certain derivatives and $363 million of bank loans. Policy loans are carried at the unpaid principal balances. Bank loans are primarily senior secured corporate loans and are carried at amortized cost. For further detail on our use of derivatives, see the Net Realized Capital Gains and Losses section of the MD&A and Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements.

       Unrealized net capital gains totaled $1.39 billion as of December 31, 2010 compared to unrealized net capital losses of $2.32 billion as of December 31, 2009. The improvement since December 31, 2009 for fixed income securities was primarily a result of declining risk-free interest rates and tightening of credit spreads in certain sectors. The

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improvement for equity securities was primarily due to improved equity valuations. The following table presents unrealized net capital gains and losses, pre-tax and after-tax as of December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

U.S. government and agencies

  $ 276   $ 203  

Municipal

    (267 )   (403 )

Corporate

    1,395     345  

Foreign government

    337     291  

RMBS

    (516 )   (1,500 )

CMBS

    (219 )   (925 )

ABS

    (181 )   (488 )

Redeemable preferred stock

    1      
           

Fixed income securities (1)

    826     (2,477 )

Equity securities

    583     179  

Derivatives

    (22 )   (23 )
           

Unrealized net capital gains and losses, pre-tax

    1,387     (2,321 )

Amounts recognized for:

             
 

Insurance reserves (2)

    (41 )    
 

DAC and DSI (3)

    97     990  
           
 

Amounts recognized

    56     990  

Deferred income taxes

    (508 )   461  
           

Unrealized net capital gains and losses, after-tax

  $ 935   $ (870 )
           

(1)
Unrealized net capital gains and losses for fixed income securities as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 comprise $(293) million and $(679) million, respectively, related to unrealized net capital losses on fixed income securities with other-than-temporary impairment and $1.12 billion and $(1.80) billion, respectively, related to other unrealized net capital gains and losses.
(2)
The insurance reserves adjustment represents the amount by which the reserve balance would increase if the net unrealized gains in the applicable product portfolios were realized and reinvested at current lower interest rates, resulting in a premium deficiency. Although we evaluate premium deficiencies on the combined performance of our life insurance and immediate annuities with life contingencies, the adjustment primarily relates to structured settlement annuities with life contingencies, in addition to annuity buy-outs and certain payout annuities with life contingencies.
(3)
The DAC and DSI adjustment balance represents the amount by which the amortization of DAC and DSI would increase or decrease if the unrealized gains or losses in the respective product portfolios were realized. Only the unrealized net capital gains and losses on the Allstate Financial fixed annuity and interest-sensitive life product portfolios are used in this calculation. The DAC and DSI adjustment balance, subject to limitations, is determined by applying the DAC and DSI amortization rate to unrealized net capital gains or losses. Recapitalization of the DAC and DSI balances is limited to the originally deferred costs plus interest.

       The unrealized net capital gains for the fixed income portfolio totaled $826 million and comprised $3.26 billion of gross unrealized gains and $2.43 billion of gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2010. This is compared to unrealized net capital losses for the fixed income portfolio totaling $2.48 billion, comprised of $2.47 billion of gross unrealized gains and $4.95 billion of gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2009.

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       Gross unrealized gains and losses as of December 31, 2010 on fixed income securities by type and sector are provided in the table below.

 
   
   
  Gross unrealized    
  Amortized
cost as a
percent of
par value 
(2)
  Fair value
as a
percent of
par value 
(2)
 
($ in millions)


 

  Par
value (1)
  Amortized
cost
  Fair
value
 
  Gains   Losses  

Corporate:

                                           
 

Banking

  $ 4,378   $ 4,282   $ 118   $ (154 ) $ 4,246     97.8 %   97.0 %
 

Utilities

    6,209     6,227     433     (58 )   6,602     100.3     106.3  
 

Consumer goods (cyclical and non-cyclical)

    6,236     6,318     305     (53 )   6,570     101.3     105.4  
 

Financial services

    3,619     3,553     141     (36 )   3,658     98.2     101.1  
 

Capital goods

    3,862     3,867     238     (34 )   4,071     100.1     105.4  
 

Transportation

    1,911     1,925     99     (29 )   1,995     100.7     104.4  
 

Basic industry

    1,726     1,750     91     (14 )   1,827     101.4     105.9  
 

Technology

    1,613     1,641     72     (14 )   1,699     101.7     105.3  
 

Energy

    2,455     2,480     136     (9 )   2,607     101.0     106.2  
 

Communications

    2,139     2,117     115     (9 )   2,223     99.0     103.9  
 

FDIC guaranteed

    721     724     3         727     100.4     100.8  
 

Other

    1,502     1,376     65     (11 )   1,430     91.6     95.2  
                                   

Total corporate fixed income portfolio

    36,371     36,260     1,816     (421 )   37,655     99.7     103.5  
                                   

U.S. government and agencies

   
8,904
   
8,320
   
327
   
(51

)
 
8,596
   
93.4
   
96.5
 

Municipal

    20,323     16,201     379     (646 )   15,934     79.7     78.4  

Foreign government

    3,270     2,821     347     (10 )   3,158     86.3     96.6  

RMBS

    9,231     8,509     216     (732 )   7,993     92.2     86.6  

CMBS

    2,227     2,213     58     (277 )   1,994     99.4     89.5  

ABS

    4,796     4,425     113     (294 )   4,244     92.3     88.5  

Redeemable preferred stock

    38     37     1         38     97.4     100.0  
                                   

Total fixed income securities

  $ 85,160   $ 78,786   $ 3,257   $ (2,431 ) $ 79,612     92.5     93.5  
                                   

(1)
Included in par value are zero-coupon securities that are generally purchased at a deep discount to the par value that is received at maturity. These primarily included corporate, U.S. government and agencies, municipal and foreign government zero-coupon securities with par value of $723 million, $1.70 billion, $5.82 billion and $1.36 billion, respectively.
(2)
Excluding the impact of zero-coupon securities, the percentage of amortized cost to par value would be 100.1% for corporates, 101.8% for U.S. government and agencies, 99.6% for municipals and 103.7% for foreign governments. Similarly, excluding the impact of zero-coupon securities, the percentage of fair value to par value would be 103.9% for corporates, 103.2% for U.S. government and agencies, 98.8% for municipals and 109.7% for foreign governments.

       The banking, utilities, consumer goods, financial services and capital goods sectors had the highest concentration of gross unrealized losses in our corporate fixed income securities portfolio as of December 31, 2010. In general, credit spreads remain wider than at initial purchase for most of the securities with gross unrealized losses in these categories.

       The unrealized net capital gain for the equity portfolio totaled $583 million and comprised $646 million of gross unrealized gains and $63 million of gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2010. This is compared to an unrealized net capital gain for the equity portfolio totaling $179 million, comprised of $381 million of gross unrealized gains and $202 million of gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2009.

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       Gross unrealized gains and losses as of December 31, 2010 on equity securities are provided in the table below.

 
   
  Gross unrealized    
 
 
  Amortized
cost
  Fair
value
 
($ in millions)
 

  Gains   Losses  

Consumer goods (cyclical and non-cyclical)

  $ 832   $ 102   $ (16 ) $ 918  

Banking

    303     50     (13 )   340  

Financial services

    349     35     (11 )   373  

Technology

    370     54     (6 )   418  

Communications

    217     37     (6 )   248  

Utilities

    119     7     (4 )   122  

Capital goods

    265     43     (3 )   305  

Energy

    311     64     (1 )   374  

Basic industry

    220     66     (1 )   285  

Real estate

    110     11     (1 )   120  

Transportation

    61     11     (1 )   71  

Other (1)

    1,071     166         1,237  
                   

Total equity securities

  $ 4,228   $ 646   $ (63 ) $ 4,811  
                   

(1)
Other consists primarily of index-based securities.

       Within the equity portfolio, the losses were primarily concentrated in consumer goods, banking, financial services, technology and communications sectors. The unrealized losses in these sectors were company and sector specific. As of December 31, 2010, we have the intent and ability to hold our equity securities with unrealized losses until recovery.

       We have a comprehensive portfolio monitoring process to identify and evaluate each fixed income and equity security that may be other-than-temporarily impaired. The process includes a quarterly review of all securities to identify instances where the fair value of a security compared to its amortized cost (for fixed income securities) or cost (for equity securities) is below established thresholds. The process also includes the monitoring of other impairment indicators such as ratings, ratings downgrades and payment defaults. The securities identified, in addition to other securities for which we may have a concern, are evaluated based on facts and circumstances for inclusion on our watch-list. All investments in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2010 were included in our portfolio monitoring process for determining whether declines in value were other than temporary.

       The extent and duration of a decline in fair value for fixed income securities have become less indicative of actual credit deterioration with respect to an issue or issuer. While we continue to use declines in fair value and the length of time a security is in an unrealized loss position as indicators of potential credit deterioration, our determination of whether a security's decline in fair value is other than temporary has placed greater emphasis on our analysis of the underlying credit and collateral and related estimates of future cash flows.

       The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses of fixed income securities by type and investment grade classification as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)
  Investment grade   Below
investment grade
  Total  
 
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
losses
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
losses
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
losses
 
U.S. government and agencies   $ 2,081   $ (51 ) $   $   $ 2,081   $ (51 )
Municipal     6,226     (480 )   619     (166 )   6,845     (646 )
Corporate     7,049     (356 )   937     (65 )   7,986     (421 )
Foreign government     287     (10 )           287     (10 )
RMBS     1,320     (150 )   1,202     (582 )   2,522     (732 )
CMBS     858     (143 )   135     (134 )   993     (277 )
ABS     1,676     (161 )   399     (133 )   2,075     (294 )
                           
Total   $ 19,497   $ (1,351 ) $ 3,292   $ (1,080 ) $ 22,789   $ (2,431 )
                           

       We have experienced declines in the fair values of fixed income securities primarily due to wider credit spreads resulting from higher risk premiums since the time of initial purchase, largely due to macroeconomic conditions and credit market deterioration, including the impact of lower real estate valuations, which began to show signs of

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stabilization in certain geographic areas in 2010. Consistent with their ratings, our portfolio monitoring process indicates that investment grade securities have a low risk of default. Securities rated below investment grade, comprising securities with a rating of Ba, B and Caa or lower, have a higher risk of default.

       As of December 31, 2010, 68% of our below investment grade gross unrealized losses were concentrated in RMBS, specifically Alt-A and Subprime, CMBS and ABS, specifically cash flow CLO. The fair value of these securities totaled $1.39 billion, an increase of 7.8%, compared to $1.29 billion as of December 31, 2009, due to improved valuations resulting from tighter credit spreads driven by lower risk premiums. Gross unrealized losses on these securities totaled $736 million as of December 31, 2010, a decrease of 42.6%, compared to $1.28 billion as of December 31, 2009, due to improved valuations, impairment write-downs, sales and principal collections, partially offset by the downgrade of certain securities to below investment grade during 2010.

       Fair values for our structured securities are obtained from third-party valuation service providers and are subject to review as disclosed in our Application of Critical Accounting Estimates. In accordance with GAAP, when fair value is less than the amortized cost of a security and we have not made the decision to sell the security and it is not more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, we evaluate if we expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. We calculate the estimated recovery value by discounting our best estimate of future cash flows at the security's original or current effective rate, as appropriate, and compare this to the amortized cost of the security. If we do not expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security, the credit loss component of the impairment is recorded in earnings, with the remaining amount of the unrealized loss related to other factors ("non-credit-related") recognized in OCI.

       The non-credit-related unrealized losses for our structured securities, including our below investment grade Alt-A, Subprime, CMBS and cash flow CLO, are heavily influenced by risk factors other than those related to our best estimate of future cash flows. The difference between these securities' original or current effective rates and the yields implied by their fair value indicates that a higher risk premium is included in the valuation of these securities than existed at initial issue or purchase. This risk premium represents the return that a market participant requires as compensation to assume the risk associated with the uncertainties regarding the future performance of the underlying collateral. The risk premium is comprised of: default risk, which reflects the probability of default and the uncertainty related to collection of contractual principal and interest; liquidity risk, which reflects the risk associated with exiting the investment in an illiquid market, both in terms of timeliness and cost; and volatility risk, which reflects the potential valuation volatility during an investor's holding period. Other factors reflected in the risk premium include the costs associated with underwriting, monitoring and holding these types of complex securities. Certain aspects of the default risk are included in the development of our best estimate of future cash flows, as appropriate. Other aspects of the risk premium are considered to be temporary in nature and are expected to reverse over the remaining lives of the securities as future cash flows are received.

Other-than-temporary impairment assessment for below investment grade Alt-A and Subprime RMBS

       As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of our below investment grade Alt-A securities with gross unrealized losses totaled $288 million, a decrease of 7.4% compared to $311 million as of December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2010, gross unrealized losses for our below investment grade Alt-A portfolio totaled $116 million, a decrease of 45.3% compared to $212 million as of December 31, 2009. The improvement over prior year was primarily due to improved valuations resulting from lower risk premiums, impairment write-downs and principal collections. For our below investment grade Alt-A securities with gross unrealized gains of $20 million, we have recognized cumulative write-downs in earnings totaling $45 million as of December 31, 2010.

       As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of our below investment grade Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses totaled $796 million, an increase of 10.2% compared to $722 million as of December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2010, gross unrealized losses for our below investment grade Subprime portfolio totaled $438 million, a decrease of 48.4% compared to $849 million as of December 31, 2009. The improvement over prior year was primarily due to improved valuations resulting from lower risk premiums, impairment write-downs, sales and principal collections, partially offset by downgrades of certain Subprime securities to below investment grade during 2010. For our below investment grade Subprime with gross unrealized gains totaling $4 million, we have recognized cumulative write-downs in earnings totaling $95 million as of December 31, 2010.

       The credit loss evaluation for Alt-A and Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses is performed in two phases. The first phase estimates the future cash flows of the entire securitization trust from which our security was issued. A critical part of this estimate involves forecasting default rates and loss severities of the residential mortgage loans that collateralize the securitization trust. The factors that affect the default rates and loss severities include, but are

90


not limited to, historical collateral performance, collateral type, transaction vintage year, geographic concentrations, borrower credit quality, origination practices of the transaction sponsor, and practices of the mortgage loan servicers. Current loan-to-value ratios of underlying collateral are not consistently available and accordingly they are not a primary factor in our impairment evaluation. While our projections are developed internally and customized to our specific holdings, they are informed by and benchmarked against credit opinions obtained from third parties, such as industry analysts, nationally recognized credit rating agencies and an RMBS loss modeling advisory service. The default rate and loss severity forecasts result in an estimate of trust-level projected additional collateral loss.

       We then analyze the actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date by the securitization trust, our projected additional collateral losses expected to be incurred and the position of the class of securities we own in the securitization trust relative to the trust's other classes to determine whether any of the collateral losses will be applied to our class. If our class has remaining credit enhancement sufficient to withstand the projected additional collateral losses, no collateral losses will be realized by our class and we expect to collect all contractual principal and interest of the security we own. Remaining credit enhancement is measured in terms of (i) subordination from other classes of securities in the trust that are contractually obligated to absorb losses before the class of security we own and (ii) the expected impact of other structural features embedded in the securitization trust beneficial to our class, such as overcollateralization and excess spread.

       For securities where there is insufficient remaining credit enhancement for the class of securities we own, a recovery value is calculated based on our best estimate of future cash flows specific to that security. This estimate is based on the contractual principal payments and current interest payments of the securities we own, adjusted for actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date and the projected additional collateral losses expected to be incurred. This estimate also takes into consideration additional secondary sources of credit support, such as reliable bond insurance. For securities without secondary sources of credit support or for which the secondary sources do not fully offset the actual and projected additional collateral losses applied to them, a credit loss is recorded in earnings to the extent amortized cost exceeds recovery value.

       98.8% and 1.2% of the fair value of our below investment grade Alt-A securities with gross unrealized losses were issued with Aaa and Aa original ratings and capital structure classifications, respectively. 87.4%, 10.7% and 1.9% of the fair value of our below investment grade Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses were issued with Aaa, Aa and A original ratings and capital structure classifications, respectively. As described previously, Alt-A and Subprime securities with higher original ratings typically have priority in receiving the principal repayments on the underlying collateral compared to those with lower original ratings. While the projected cash flow assumptions for our below investment grade Alt-A and Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses have deteriorated since the securities were originated, as reflected by their current credit ratings, these securities continue to retain the payment priority features that existed at the origination of the securitization trust.

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       The following tables show trust-level, class-level and security-specific detailed information for our below investment grade Alt-A securities with gross unrealized losses, by credit rating.

($ in millions)
  December 31, 2010  
 
  With other-than-temporary
impairments recorded in earnings
  Without other-than-temporary
impairments recorded in earnings
   
 
 
  Ba   B   Caa or
lower
  Total   Ba   B   Caa or
lower
  Total   Total  

Trust-level

                                                       
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date (1)

    0.5 %   0.7 %   8.1 %   8.0 %   0.1 %   3.1 %   3.7 %   3.0 %   n/a  
 

Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred (2)

    9.9 %   22.5 %   24.6 %   24.5 %   4.8 %   16.6 %   17.8 %   15.4 %   n/a  

Class-level

                                                       
 

Average remaining credit enhancement (3)

    9.9 %   19.0 %   6.8 %   6.9 %   5.3 %   27.1 %   23.9 %   20.7 %   n/a  

Security-specific

                                                       
 

Number of positions

    1     1     27     29     2     2     8     12     41  
 

Par value

  $ 4   $ 3   $ 439   $ 446   $ 16   $ 4   $ 68   $ 88   $ 534  
 

Amortized cost

  $ 4   $ 2   $ 316   $ 322   $ 16   $ 4   $ 62   $ 82   $ 404  
 

Fair value

  $ 1   $ 1   $ 220   $ 222   $ 13   $ 2   $ 51   $ 66   $ 288  
 

Gross unrealized losses

                                                       
   

Total

  $ (3 ) $ (1 ) $ (96 ) $ (100 ) $ (3 ) $ (2 ) $ (11 ) $ (16 ) $ (116 )
   

12-24 months (4)

  $   $   $   $   $   $   $   $   $  
   

Over 24 months (5)

  $ (3 ) $ (1 ) $ (90 ) $ (94 ) $ (3 ) $ (2 ) $ (10 ) $ (15 ) $ (109 )
 

Cumulative write-downs recognized (6)

  $   $ (1 ) $ (92 ) $ (93 ) $   $   $   $   $ (93 )
 

Principal payments received during the period (7)

  $   $   $ 59   $ 59   $ 1   $ 1   $ 6   $ 8   $ 67  

 

 
  December 31, 2009  
 
  With other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings   Without other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings    
 
 
  Ba   B   Caa or
lower
  Total   Ba   B   Caa or
lower
  Total   Total  

Trust-level

                                                       
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date (1)

    0.2 %   4.3 %   4.2 %   4.2 %   0.8 %   1.4 %   2.5 %   1.6 %   n/a  
 

Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred (2)

    12.1 %   26.1 %   25.7 %   25.6 %   3.9 %   23.8 %   16.1 %   10.6 %   n/a  

Class-level

                                                       
 

Average remaining credit enhancement (3)

    11.3 %   24.7 %   7.6 %   9.7 %   7.1 %   29.2 %   16.6 %   12.8 %   n/a  

Security-specific

                                                       
 

Number of positions

    1     4     24     29     6     5     5     16     45  
 

Par value

  $ 4   $ 56   $ 413   $ 473   $ 90   $ 12   $ 79   $ 181   $ 654  
 

Amortized cost

  $ 4   $ 52   $ 289   $ 345   $ 88   $ 12   $ 78   $ 178   $ 523  
 

Fair value

  $ 1   $ 32   $ 158   $ 191   $ 62   $ 5   $ 53   $ 120   $ 311  
 

Gross unrealized losses

                                                       
   

Total

  $ (3 ) $ (20 ) $ (131 ) $ (154 ) $ (26 ) $ (7 ) $ (25 ) $ (58 ) $ (212 )
   

12-24 months (4)

  $ (3 ) $ (4 ) $ (33 ) $ (40 ) $ (20 ) $   $ (24 ) $ (44 ) $ (84 )
   

Over 24 months (5)

  $   $ (16 ) $ (98 ) $ (114 ) $ (6 ) $ (7 ) $ (1 ) $ (14 ) $ (128 )
 

Cumulative write-downs recognized (6)

  $   $ (4 ) $ (92 ) $ (96 ) $   $   $   $   $ (96 )
 

Principal payments received during the period (7)

  $   $ 5   $ 43   $ 48   $ 9   $ 2   $ 23   $ 34   $ 82  

(1)
Weighted average actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date as of period end are based on the actual principal losses incurred as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security. Actual losses on the securities we hold are less than the losses on the underlying collateral as presented in this table. Actual cumulative realized principal losses on the below investment grade Alt-A securities we own, as reported by the trust servicers, were $3 million as of December 31, 2010.

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(2)
Weighted average projected additional collateral losses to be incurred as of period end are based on our projections of future losses to be incurred by the trust, taking into consideration the actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date, as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust. Our projections are developed internally and customized to our specific holdings and are informed by and benchmarked against credit opinions obtained from third parties, such as industry analysts, nationally recognized credit rating agencies and an RMBS loss modeling advisory service. Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred are compared to average remaining credit enhancement for each security. For securities where the projected additional collateral losses exceed remaining credit enhancement, a recovery value is calculated to determine whether impairment losses should be recorded in earnings. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security.
(3)
Weighted average remaining credit enhancement as of period end is based on structural subordination and the expected impact of other structural features existing in the securitization trust beneficial to our class and reflects our projection of future principal losses that can occur as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust before the class of the security we own will incur its first dollar of principal loss. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security.
(4)
Includes total gross unrealized losses on securities in an unrealized loss position for a period of 12 to 24 consecutive months.
(5)
Includes total gross unrealized losses on securities in an unrealized loss position for a period more than 24 consecutive months. As of December 31, 2010, $70 million of unrealized losses on securities with other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings and $11 million of unrealized losses on securities without other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings have been greater than or equal to 20% of those securities' amortized cost for a period of more than 24 consecutive months. As of December 31, 2009, there were no Alt-A securities with gross unrealized losses greater than or equal to 20% for a period of more than 24 consecutive months.
(6)
Includes cumulative write-downs recorded in accordance with GAAP.
(7)
Reflects principal payments for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       The above tables include information about our below investment grade Alt-A securities with gross unrealized losses as of each period presented. The par value and composition of securities included can vary significantly from period to period due to changes in variables such as credit ratings, principal payments, sales, purchases and realized principal losses.

       As of December 31, 2010, our below investment grade Alt-A securities with gross unrealized losses and without other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings had incurred actual cumulative collateral losses of 3.0%. Our impairment evaluation forecasts more severe assumptions than the trusts are actually experiencing, including a projected weighted average underlying default rate of 33.7% and a projected weighted average loss severity of 47.4%, which resulted in projected additional collateral losses of 15.4%. As the average remaining credit enhancement for these securities of 20.7% exceeds the projected additional collateral losses of 15.4%, these securities have not been impaired.

       As of December 31, 2010, our below investment grade Alt-A securities with gross unrealized losses and with other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings had incurred actual cumulative collateral losses of 8.0%. Our impairment evaluation forecasts more severe assumptions than the trusts are actually experiencing, including a projected weighted average underlying default rate of 43.5% and a projected weighted average loss severity of 55.3%, which resulted in projected additional collateral losses of 24.5%. As the average remaining credit enhancement for these securities of 6.9% is insufficient to withstand the projected additional collateral losses, we have recognized cumulative write-downs in earnings on these securities as reflected in the table above using our calculated recovery value at the time of impairment. The current average recovery value of these securities as a percentage of par was 74.0% and exceeded these securities' current average amortized cost as a percentage of par of 72.1%, which demonstrates our conclusion that the nature of the remaining unrealized loss on these securities is temporary and will reverse over time. The comparison indicates that recovery value exceeds amortized cost based on a comprehensive evaluation of financial, economic and capital markets assumptions developed for this reporting period.

       The following table shows actual trust-level key metrics specific to the trusts from which our below investment grade Alt-A securities with gross unrealized losses were issued, as reported by the trust servicers.

 
  December 31,
2010
  September 30,
2010
  June 30,
2010
  March 31,
2010
  December 31,
2009
 

Trust-level statistics

                               
 

Delinquency rates

    29.4 %   28.0 %   27.9 %   28.1 %   25.9 %
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date

    7.2 %   6.5 %   5.5 %   4.3 %   3.5 %

       We believe the unrealized losses on our Alt-A securities, including those over 24 months, result from the current risk premium on these securities, which should continue to reverse over the securities' remaining lives, as demonstrated by improved valuations in 2010. We expect to receive our estimated share of contractual principal and interest collections used to determine the securities' recovery value. As of December 31, 2010, we do not have the intent to sell and it is not more likely than not we will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of their amortized cost basis. We believe that our valuation and impairment processes are comprehensive, employ the most current views about

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collateral and securitization trust financial positions, and demonstrate our recorded impairments and that the remaining unrealized losses on these positions are temporary.

       The following tables show trust-level, class-level and security-specific detailed information for our below investment grade Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses that are not reliably insured, by credit rating.

($ in millions)
  December 31, 2010  
 
  With other-than-temporary
impairments recorded in earnings
  Without other-than-temporary
impairments recorded in earnings
   
 
 
  Ba   B   Caa or lower   Total   Ba   B   Caa or lower   Total   Total  

Trust-level

                                                       
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date (1)

    %   12.0 %   16.1 %   16.0 %   13.2 %   12.5 %   12.6 %   12.7 %   n/a  
 

Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred (2)

    %   38.2 %   43.2 %   43.0 %   46.5 %   42.7 %   40.8 %   42.1 %   n/a  

Class-level

                                                       
 

Average remaining credit enhancement (3)

    %   26.0 %   22.6 %   22.8 %   72.7 %   63.6 %   50.5 %   56.7 %   n/a  

Security-specific

                                                       
 

Number of positions

        5     81     86     11     10     35     56     142  
 

Par value

  $   $ 42   $ 952   $ 994   $ 73   $ 69   $ 265   $ 407   $ 1,401  
 

Amortized cost

  $   $ 33   $ 650   $ 683   $ 73   $ 69   $ 265   $ 407   $ 1,090  
 

Fair value

  $   $ 21   $ 425   $ 446   $ 62   $ 54   $ 158   $ 274   $ 720  
 

Gross unrealized losses

                                                       
   

Total

  $   $ (12 ) $ (225 ) $ (237 ) $ (11 ) $ (15 ) $ (107 ) $ (133 ) $ (370 )
   

12-24 months (4)

  $   $   $ (9 ) $ (9 ) $   $   $   $   $ (9 )
   

Over 24 months (5)

  $   $ (12 ) $ (216 ) $ (228 ) $ (11 ) $ (15 ) $ (107 ) $ (133 ) $ (361 )
 

Cumulative write-downs recognized (6)

  $   $ (9 ) $ (293 ) $ (302 ) $   $   $   $   $ (302 )
 

Principal payments received during the period (7)

  $   $ 4   $ 62   $ 66   $ 18   $ 4   $ 11   $ 33   $ 99  

 

 
  December 31, 2009  
 
  With other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings   Without other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings    
 
 
  Ba   B   Caa or lower   Total   Ba   B   Caa or lower   Total   Total  

Trust-level

                                                       
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date (1)

    15.0 %   13.8 %   17.2 %   16.9 %   8.8 %   8.1 %   9.5 %   9.1 %   n/a  
 

Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred (2)

    41.2 %   33.5 %   46.2 %   45.2 %   36.5 %   35.3 %   40.0 %   38.2 %   n/a  

Class-level

                                                       
 

Average remaining credit enhancement (3)

    38.1 %   30.1 %   38.6 %   38.0 %   49.6 %   45.4 %   42.6 %   45.4 %   n/a  

Security-specific

                                                       
 

Number of positions

    1     4     53     58     20     13     37     70     128  
 

Par value

  $ 30   $ 52   $ 798   $ 880   $ 213   $ 59   $ 315   $ 587   $ 1,467  
 

Amortized cost

  $ 24   $ 48   $ 581   $ 653   $ 213   $ 59   $ 314   $ 586   $ 1,239  
 

Fair value

  $ 10   $ 28   $ 230   $ 268   $ 112   $ 32   $ 144   $ 288   $ 556  
 

Gross unrealized losses

                                                       
   

Total

  $ (14 ) $ (20 ) $ (351 ) $ (385 ) $ (101 ) $ (27 ) $ (170 ) $ (298 ) $ (683 )
   

12-24 months (4)

  $   $ (4 ) $ (53 ) $ (57 ) $ (2 ) $ (1 ) $   $ (3 ) $ (60 )
   

Over 24 months (5)

  $ (14 ) $ (12 ) $ (294 ) $ (320 ) $ (99 ) $ (26 ) $ (170 ) $ (295 ) $ (615 )
 

Cumulative write-downs recognized (6)

  $ (6 ) $ (4 ) $ (217 ) $ (227 ) $   $   $   $   $ (227 )
 

Principal payments received during the period (7)

  $   $ 13   $ 40   $ 53   $ 17   $ 11   $ 33   $ 61   $ 114  

(1)
Weighted average actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date as of period end are based on the actual principal losses incurred as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security. Actual

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losses on the securities we hold are less than the losses on the underlying collateral as presented in this table. Actual cumulative realized principal losses on the below investment grade Subprime securities we own, as reported by the trust servicers, were $20 million as of December 31, 2010.

(2)
Weighted average projected additional collateral losses to be incurred as of period end are based on our projections of future losses to be incurred by the trust, taking into consideration the actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date, as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust. Our projections are developed internally and customized to our specific holdings and are informed by and benchmarked against credit opinions obtained from third parties, such as industry analysts, nationally recognized credit rating agencies and an RMBS loss modeling advisory service. Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred are compared to average remaining credit enhancement for each security. For securities where the projected additional collateral losses exceed remaining credit enhancement, a recovery value is calculated to determine whether impairment losses should be recorded in earnings. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security.
(3)
Weighted average remaining credit enhancement as of period end is based on structural subordination and the expected impact of other structural features existing in the securitization trust beneficial to our class and reflects our projection of future principal losses that can occur as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust before the class of the security we own will incur its first dollar of principal loss. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security.
(4)
Includes total gross unrealized losses on securities in an unrealized loss position for a period of 12 to 24 consecutive months.
(5)
Includes total gross unrealized losses on securities in an unrealized loss position for a period more than 24 consecutive months. As of December 31, 2010, $188 million of unrealized losses on securities with other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings and $108 million of unrealized losses on securities without other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings have been greater than or equal to 20% of those securities' amortized cost for a period of more than 24 consecutive months. As of December 31, 2009, $95 million of unrealized losses on securities with other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings and $50 million of unrealized losses on securities without other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings had been greater than or equal to 20% of those securities' amortized cost for a period of more than 24 consecutive months.
(6)
Includes cumulative write-downs recorded in accordance with GAAP.
(7)
Reflects principal payments for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       The above tables include information only about below investment grade Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses that are not reliably insured as of each period presented. As such, the par value and composition of securities included can vary significantly from period to period due to changes in variables such as credit ratings, principal payments, sales, purchases and realized principal losses.

       As of December 31, 2010, our Subprime securities that are reliably insured include 10 below investment grade Subprime securities with a total fair value of $76 million and aggregate gross unrealized losses of $68 million, all of which are rated B. These securities are insured by one bond insurer rated B that we estimate has sufficient claims paying capacity to service its obligations on these securities. The securitization trusts from which our securities were issued are currently receiving contractual payments from the bond insurer and considering the combination of expected future payments from the bond insurer and cash flows available from the underlying collateral, we expect the trust to have adequate cash flows to make all contractual payments due to the class of securities we own. As a result, our security-specific estimates of future cash flows indicate that these securities' estimated recovery values equal or exceed their amortized cost. Accordingly, no other-than-temporary impairments have been recognized on these securities. As of December 31, 2009, our Subprime securities that were reliably insured by two bond insurers included 23 below investment grade securities with a total fair value of $166 million and aggregate gross unrealized losses of $166 million.

       As of December 31, 2010, our below investment grade Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses that are not reliably insured and without other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings had incurred actual cumulative collateral losses of 12.7%. Our impairment evaluation forecasts more severe assumptions than the trusts are actually experiencing, including a projected weighted average underlying default rate of 60.8% and a projected weighted average loss severity of 70.0%, which resulted in projected additional collateral losses of 42.1%. As the average remaining credit enhancement for these securities of 56.7% exceeds the projected additional collateral losses of 42.1%, these securities have not been impaired.

       As of December 31, 2010, our below investment grade Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses that are not reliably insured and with other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings had incurred actual cumulative collateral losses of 16.0%. Our impairment evaluation forecasts more severe assumptions than the trusts are actually experiencing, including a projected weighted average underlying default rate of 57.1% and a projected weighted average loss severity of 77.0%, which resulted in projected additional collateral losses of 43.0%. As the average remaining credit enhancement for these securities of 22.8% is insufficient to withstand the projected additional collateral losses, we have recognized cumulative write-downs in earnings on the securities as reflected in the table above using our calculated recovery value at the time of impairment. The current average recovery value of these securities as a percentage of par was 71.2% and exceeded these securities' current average amortized cost as a percentage of par of 68.7%, which demonstrates our conclusion that the nature of the remaining unrealized loss on these securities is temporary and will reverse over time. The comparison indicates that recovery value exceeds amortized cost based on a comprehensive evaluation of financial, economic and capital markets assumptions developed for this reporting period.

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       The following table shows actual trust-level key metrics specific to the trusts from which our below investment grade Subprime securities with gross unrealized losses were issued, as reported by the trust servicers.

 
  December 31,
2010
  September 30,
2010
  June 30,
2010
  March 31,
2010
  December 31,
2009
 

Trust-level statistics

                               
 

Delinquency rates

    28.8 %   28.6 %   29.3 %   31.7 %   30.9 %
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date

    16.5 %   15.4 %   14.7 %   14.4 %   13.5 %

       We believe the unrealized losses on our Subprime securities, including those over 24 months, result from the current risk premium on these securities, which should continue to reverse over the securities' remaining lives, as demonstrated by improved valuations in 2010. We expect to receive our estimated share of contractual principal and interest collections used to determine the securities' recovery value. As of December 31, 2010, we do not have the intent to sell and it is not more likely than not we will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of their amortized cost basis. We believe that our valuation and impairment processes are comprehensive, employ the most current views about collateral and securitization trust financial positions, and demonstrate our recorded impairments and that the remaining unrealized losses on these positions are temporary.

Other-than-temporary impairment assessment for below investment grade CMBS

       As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of our below investment grade CMBS with gross unrealized losses totaled $135 million compared to $67 million as of December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2010, gross unrealized losses for our below investment grade CMBS portfolio totaled $134 million, an increase of 9.8% compared to $122 million as of December 31, 2009. The increase over prior year was primarily due to downgrades of certain CMBS to below investment grade during 2010, partially offset by improved valuations and sales during 2010 in anticipation of negative capital treatment by certain regulatory and rating agencies. There were no gross unrealized gains for this portfolio as of December 31, 2010.

       The credit loss evaluation for CMBS with gross unrealized losses is performed in two phases. The first phase estimates the future cash flows of the entire securitization trust from which our security was issued. A critical part of this estimate involves forecasting the collateral losses of the commercial mortgage loans that collateralize the securitization trust. Factors affecting these estimates include, but are not limited to, estimates of current and future commercial property prices, current and projected rental incomes, the propensity of the mortgage loans to default under these assumptions and loss severities in cases of default. Estimates of future property prices and rental incomes consider specific property-type and geographic economic trends such as employment, property vacancy and rental rates, and forecasts of new supply in the commercial real estate markets. Estimates of default rates and loss severities consider factors such as borrower payment history, the origination practices of the transaction sponsor, overall collateral quality and diversification, transaction vintage year, maturity date, overall transaction structure and other factors that may influence performance. Realized losses in the CMBS market have historically been low and, we believe, are not predictive of future losses. Therefore, our projections of collateral performance rely on probability-weighted scenarios informed by credit opinions obtained from third parties, such as nationally recognized credit rating agencies, industry analysts and CMBS loss modeling advisory services.

       We then analyze the actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date by the securitization trust, our projected additional collateral losses expected to be incurred and the position of the class of securities we own in the securitization trust relative to the trust's other classes to determine whether any of the collateral losses will be applied to our class. If our class has remaining credit enhancement sufficient to withstand the projected additional collateral losses, no collateral losses will be realized by our class and we expect to collect all contractual principal and interest of the security we own. Remaining credit enhancement is measured in terms of subordination from other classes of securities in the trust being contractually obligated to absorb losses before the class of security we own.

       For securities where there is insufficient remaining credit enhancement for the class of securities we own, a recovery value is calculated based on our best estimate of future cash flows specific to that security. This estimate is based on the contractual principal payments and current interest payments of the securities we own, adjusted for actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date and the projected additional collateral losses expected to be incurred. In instances where the recovery value of the security is less than its amortized cost, a credit loss is recorded in earnings.

       26.6%, 60.9% and 9.4% of the fair value of our below investment grade CMBS with gross unrealized losses were issued with Aaa, Aa and A original ratings and capital structure classifications, respectively. As described previously,

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CMBS with higher original ratings typically have priority in receiving the principal repayments on the underlying collateral compared to those with lower original ratings. Tight credit markets and conservative underwriting standards continue to stress commercial mortgage borrowers' ability to refinance obligations. While the projected cash flow assumptions for our below investment grade CMBS with gross unrealized losses have deteriorated since the securities were originated, as reflected by their current credit ratings, these securities continue to retain the payment priority features that existed at the origination of the securitization trust.

       The following tables show trust-level, class-level and security-specific detailed information for our below investment grade CMBS with gross unrealized losses, by credit rating.

($ in millions)
  December 31, 2010  
 
  With other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings   Without other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings    
 
 
  Ba   B   Caa or lower   Total   Ba   B   Caa or lower   Total   Total  

Trust-level

                                                       
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date (1)

    0.6 %   3.2 %   2.5 %   2.3 %   1.1 %   0.3 %   0.4 %   0.9 %   n/a  
 

Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred (2)

    12.2 %   7.0 %   38.1 %   29.2 %   7.0 %   4.4 %   7.2 %   6.4 %   n/a  

Class-level

                                                       
 

Average remaining credit enhancement (3)

    12.5 %   7.0 %   25.5 %   20.7 %   9.1 %   7.5 %   9.0 %   8.7 %   n/a  

Security-specific

                                                       
 

Number of positions

    2     1     5     8     14     5     2     21     29  
 

Par value

  $ 22   $ 16   $ 79   $ 117   $ 138   $ 46   $ 7   $ 191   $ 308  
 

Amortized cost

  $ 17   $ 15   $ 39   $ 71   $ 143   $ 47   $ 8   $ 198   $ 269  
 

Fair value

  $ 13   $ 6   $ 13   $ 32   $ 75   $ 25   $ 3   $ 103   $ 135  
 

Gross unrealized losses

                                                       
   

Total

  $ (4 ) $ (9 ) $ (26 ) $ (39 ) $ (68 ) $ (22 ) $ (5 ) $ (95 ) $ (134 )
   

12-24 months (4)

  $   $   $   $   $   $   $   $   $  
   

Over 24 months (5)

  $ (4 ) $ (9 ) $ (26 ) $ (39 ) $ (68 ) $ (22 ) $ (5 ) $ (95 ) $ (134 )
 

Cumulative write-downs recognized (6)

  $ (5 ) $ (2 ) $ (41 ) $ (48 ) $   $   $   $   $ (48 )
 

Principal payments received during the period (7)

  $   $   $ 1   $ 1   $   $ 1   $   $ 1   $ 2  

97



 
  December 31, 2009  
 
  With other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings   Without other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings    
 
 
  Ba   B   Caa or lower   Total   Ba   B   Caa or lower   Total   Total  

Trust-level

                                                       
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date (1)

    1.4 %   0.6 %   %   0.8 %   %   %   %   %   n/a  
 

Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred (2)

    20.1 %   13.5 %   %   15.0 %   6.1 %   7.7 %   %   6.7 %   n/a  

Class-level

                                                       
 

Average remaining credit enhancement (3)

    17.4 %   9.8 %   %   11.5 %   9.1 %   8.5 %   %   8.9 %   n/a  

Security-specific

                                                       
 

Number of positions

    1     5         6     6     6         12     18  
 

Par value

  $ 20   $ 69   $   $ 89   $ 87   $ 49   $   $ 136   $ 225  
 

Amortized cost

  $ 14   $ 41   $   $ 55   $ 84   $ 50   $   $ 134   $ 189  
 

Fair value

  $ 9   $ 16   $   $ 25   $ 29   $ 13   $   $ 42   $ 67  
 

Gross unrealized losses

                                                       
   

Total

  $ (5 ) $ (25 ) $   $ (30 ) $ (55 ) $ (37 ) $   $ (92 ) $ (122 )
   

12-24 months (4)

  $   $   $   $   $ (13 ) $   $   $ (13 ) $ (13 )
   

Over 24 months (5)

  $ (5 ) $ (25 ) $   $ (30 ) $ (42 ) $ (37 ) $   $ (79 ) $ (109 )
 

Cumulative write-downs recognized (6)

  $ (7 ) $ (34 ) $   $ (41 ) $   $   $   $   $ (41 )
 

Principal payments received during the period (7)

  $ 1   $   $   $ 1   $ 1   $   $   $ 1   $ 2  

(1)
Weighted average actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date as of period end are based on the actual principal losses incurred as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security. Actual losses on the securities we hold are less than the losses on the underlying collateral as presented in this table. There were no actual cumulative realized principal losses on the below investment grade CMBS we own, as reported by the trust servicers, as of December 31, 2010.
(2)
Weighted average projected additional collateral losses to be incurred as of period end are based on our projections of future losses to be incurred by the trust, taking into consideration the actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date, as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust. Our projections are developed internally and customized to our specific holdings and are informed by and benchmarked against credit opinions obtained from third parties, such as industry analysts, nationally recognized credit rating agencies and CMBS loss modeling advisory services. Projected additional collateral losses to be incurred are compared to average remaining credit enhancement for each security. For securities where the projected additional collateral losses exceed remaining credit enhancement, a recovery value is calculated to determine whether impairment losses should be recorded in earnings. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security.
(3)
Weighted average remaining credit enhancement as of period end is based on structural subordination and reflects our projection of future principal losses that can occur as a percentage of the remaining principal amount of the loans in the trust before the class of the security we own will incur its first dollar of principal loss. The weighting calculation is based on the par value of each security.
(4)
Includes total gross unrealized losses on securities in an unrealized loss position for a period of 12 to 24 consecutive months.
(5)
Includes total gross unrealized losses on securities in an unrealized loss position for a period more than 24 consecutive months. As of December 31, 2010, $39 million of unrealized losses on securities with other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings and $93 million of unrealized losses on securities without other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings have been greater than or equal to 20% of those securities' amortized cost for a period of more than 24 consecutive months. As of December 31, 2009, there were no CMBS with gross unrealized losses greater than or equal to 20% for a period of more than 24 consecutive months.
(6)
Includes cumulative write-downs recorded in accordance with GAAP.
(7)
Reflects principal payments for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       The above tables include information about below investment grade CMBS with gross unrealized losses as of each period presented. The par value and composition of securities included can vary significantly from period to period due to changes in variables such as credit ratings, principal payments, sales and purchases.

       Our impairment evaluation for CMBS forecasts more severe assumptions than the trusts are actually experiencing. We assume that all loans delinquent 60 days or more default and project default rates on otherwise performing loans. Projected loss severities are then applied against the resulting default rates, arriving at our projected additional collateral loss rates. The projected additional collateral loss rates by vintage year of our CMBS portfolio range from a low of 1.5% for holdings with a vintage year of 2001 to a high of 11.1% for holdings with a vintage year of 2005.

       As of December 31, 2010, our below investment grade CMBS with gross unrealized losses and without other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings had incurred actual cumulative collateral losses of 0.9%, and the projected additional collateral loss rate for these securities as of December 31, 2010 was 6.4%. As the average remaining credit enhancement for these securities of 8.7% exceeds the projected additional collateral losses of 6.4%, these securities have not been impaired.

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       As of December 31, 2010, our below investment grade CMBS with gross unrealized losses and with other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings had incurred actual cumulative collateral losses of 2.3%. The projected additional collateral loss rate for these securities as of December 31, 2010 was 29.2%. As the average remaining credit enhancement for these securities of 20.7% is insufficient to withstand the projected additional collateral losses, we have recognized cumulative write-downs in earnings on these securities as reflected in the table above using our calculated recovery value at the time of impairment. The current average recovery value of these securities as a percentage of par was 61.3% and exceeded these securities' current average amortized cost as a percentage of par of 61.2%, which demonstrates our conclusion that the nature of the remaining unrealized loss on these securities is temporary and will reverse over time. The comparison indicates that recovery value is in line with amortized cost as impairment write-downs were recorded in the reporting period based on a comprehensive evaluation of financial, economic and capital markets assumptions developed for this reporting period.

       The following table shows actual trust-level key metrics specific to the trusts from which our below investment grade CMBS with gross unrealized losses were issued, as reported by the trust servicers.

 
  December 31,
2010
  September 30,
2010
  June 30,
2010
  March 31,
2010
  December 31,
2009
 

Trust-level statistics

                               
 

Delinquency rates

    7.2 %   8.3 %   8.5 %   8.6 %   5.2 %
 

Actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date

    1.4 %   2.9 %   1.6 %   0.8 %   0.3 %

       We believe the unrealized losses on our CMBS, including those over 24 months, result from the current risk premium on these securities, which should continue to reverse over the securities' remaining lives, as demonstrated by improved valuations during 2010. We expect to receive our estimated share of contractual principal and interest collections used to determine the securities' recovery value. As of December 31, 2010, we do not have the intent to sell and it is not more likely than not we will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of their amortized cost basis. We believe that our valuation and impairment processes are comprehensive, employ the most current views about collateral and securitization trust financial positions, and demonstrate our recorded impairments and that the remaining unrealized losses on these positions are temporary.

Other-than-temporary impairment assessment for below investment grade cash flow CLO ABS

       As of December 31, 2010, the fair value for our below investment grade cash flow CLO portfolio with gross unrealized losses totaled $169 million compared to $188 million as of December 31, 2009. The gross unrealized losses for these securities totaled $48 million as of December 31, 2010, a decrease of 51.5%, compared to $99 million as of December 31, 2009, primarily due to higher valuations resulting from lower risk premiums and upgrades of certain cash flow CLO to investment grade during 2010. Gross unrealized gains for these securities were $53 million as of December 31, 2010. For below investment grade cash flow CLO with gross unrealized gains, we have recognized cumulative write-downs in earnings totaling $85 million.

       As of December 31, 2010, none of our below investment grade cash flow CLO portfolio with gross unrealized losses have other-than-temporary impairments recorded in earnings and all of the gross unrealized losses are aged over 24 months.

       Cash flow CLO are collateralized primarily by below investment grade senior secured corporate loans and are structured with overcollateralization which serves as credit enhancement for the class of securities we own. Overcollateralization ratios are based on the par value of the collateral in the underlying portfolio as a percentage of the notes issued as cash flow CLO securities. The performance of these securities is impacted primarily by defaults and recoveries of the underlying collateral within the structures, which reduce overcollateralization ratios over time. A violation of the senior overcollateralization test could result in an event of default of the structure which would give the controlling class, generally defined as the majority of the senior lenders, certain rights, including the ability to divert cash flows or liquidate the underlying portfolio to pay off the senior liabilities.

       The credit loss evaluation for cash flow CLO is performed in two phases. The first phase evaluates the overcollateralization that exists for the class of securities we own. A critical part of this estimate involves projections of future losses formulated through our assessment of the corporate loan markets, and considers opinions from third parties, such as industry analysts and strategists, credit rating agencies, our own participation in these markets, as well as our overall economic outlook for indicators such as unemployment and GDP. The expected performance of each security considers anticipated collateral losses and credit enhancement levels, as well as factors including default rates,

99



anticipated recoveries, prepayment rates, changes in interest rates and other characteristics. In addition, the performance of collateral underlying certain of our securities is actively monitored by external managers, allowing for enhanced collateral management actions which help mitigate the risk of loss. If the overcollateralization that exists for our class exceeds 100%, our class has remaining credit enhancement sufficient to withstand the projected future losses, and we expect to collect all contractual principal and interest of the security we own.

       For securities where there is insufficient remaining credit enhancement for the class of securities we own, a recovery value is calculated based on our best estimate of future cash flows specific to that security. This estimate is based on the contractual principal payments and current interest payments of the securities we own, adjusted for actual cumulative collateral losses incurred to date and the projected future losses expected to be incurred. If we do not expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security, a credit loss is recorded to the extent amortized cost exceeds recovery value.

       The weighted average overcollateralization ratio as reported by the trust servicers for our below investment grade cash flow CLO securities with gross unrealized losses was 117.0% as of December 31, 2010, compared to 117.5% at original issuance. As of December 31, 2009, the weighted average overcollateralization ratio for our below investment grade cash flow CLO securities with gross unrealized losses was 113.6%. As the average overcollateralization ratios exceed 100%, this indicates that projected future collateral losses will be absorbed by lower classes and we expect the structures to have adequate cash flows to make all contractual payments due to the class of securities we own. Our comprehensive evaluation of financial, economic and capital markets assumptions developed for this reporting period, supported by the applicable overcollateralization ratios, indicates that the nature of the unrealized loss on these securities is temporary.

       We believe the unrealized losses on our cash flow CLO securities, including those over 24 months, result from the current risk premium on these securities, which should continue to reverse over the securities' remaining lives, as demonstrated by improved valuations in 2010. We expect to receive our estimated share of contractual principal and interest collections used to determine the securities' recovery value. As of December 31, 2010, we do not have the intent to sell and it is not more likely than not we will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of their amortized cost basis. We believe that our valuation and impairment processes are comprehensive, employ the most current views about collateral and securitization trust financial positions, and demonstrate our recorded impairments and that the remaining unrealized losses on these positions are temporary.

Problem, restructured, or potential problem securities

       We also monitor the quality of our fixed income and bank loan portfolios by categorizing certain investments as "problem," "restructured," or "potential problem." Problem fixed income securities and bank loans are in default with respect to principal or interest and/or are investments issued by companies that have gone into bankruptcy subsequent to our acquisition or loan. Fixed income and bank loan investments are categorized as restructured when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and we grant a concession. Potential problem fixed income or bank loan investments are current with respect to contractual principal and/or interest, but because of other facts and circumstances, we have concerns regarding the borrower's ability to pay future principal and interest according to the original terms, which causes us to believe these investments may be classified as problem or restructured in the future.

       The following table summarizes problem, restructured and potential problem fixed income securities and bank loans, which are reported in other investments, as of December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010  
 
  Par value (1)   Amortized
cost 
(1)
  Amortized
cost as a
percent of
par value
  Fair
value 
(2)
  Fair value as
a percent of
par value
  Percent of
total fixed
income and
bank loan
portfolios
 

Restructured

  $ 99   $ 83     83.8 % $ 79     79.8 %   0.1 %

Problem

    665     214     32.2     188     28.3     0.2  

Potential problem

    3,441     1,485     43.2     1,171     34.0     1.5  
                               

Total

  $ 4,205   $ 1,782     42.4   $ 1,438     34.2     1.8 %
                               

Cumulative write- downs recognized (3)

        $ 1,005                          
                                     

100



 
  2009  
 
  Par
value 
(1)
  Amortized
cost 
(1)
  Amortized
cost as a
percent of
par value
  Fair
value 
(2)
  Fair value as
a percent of
par value
  Percent of
total fixed
income and
bank loan
portfolios
 

Restructured

  $ 107   $ 85     79.4 % $ 75     70.1 %   0.1 %

Problem

    823     321     39.0     221     26.9     0.3  

Potential problem

    2,630     1,651     62.8     977     37.1     1.2  
                               

Total

  $ 3,560   $ 2,057     57.8   $ 1,273     35.8     1.6 %
                               

Cumulative write- downs recognized (3)

        $ 1,188                          
                                     

(1)
The difference between par value and amortized cost of $2.42 billion as of December 31, 2010 is primarily attributable to write-downs and a deep discount zero-coupon security. The difference between par value and amortized cost of $1.50 billion as of December 31, 2009 is primarily attributable to write-downs. Par value has been reduced by principal payments.
(2)
Bank loans are reflected at amortized cost.
(3)
Cumulative write-downs recognized only reflect impairment write-downs related to investments within the problem, potential problem and restructured categories.

       As of December 31, 2010, amortized cost for the problem category was $214 million and comprised $90 million of Subprime, $70 million of municipal bonds, $40 million of Alt-A, $6 million of corporates (primarily privately placed), $5 million of CDO and $3 million of Consumer and other ABS.

       As of December 31, 2010, amortized cost for the potential problem category was $1.49 billion and comprised $606 million of Subprime, $331 million of Alt-A, $213 million of Prime, $125 million of municipal bonds, $79 million of CDO, $71 million of CMBS, $41 million of corporates (primarily privately placed), $10 million of bank loans and $9 million of Consumer and other ABS.

       Net investment income    The following table presents net investment income for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Fixed income securities

  $ 3,737   $ 3,998   $ 4,783  

Equity securities

    90     80     120  

Mortgage loans

    385     498     618  

Limited partnership interests

    40     17     62  

Short-term investments

    8     27     195  

Other

    19     (10 )   54  
               

Investment income, before expense

    4,279     4,610     5,832  

Investment expense

    (177 )   (166 )   (210 )
               

Net investment income

  $ 4,102   $ 4,444   $ 5,622  
               

       Net investment income decreased 7.7% or $342 million in 2010 compared to 2009, after decreasing 21.0% or $1.18 billion in 2009 compared to 2008. The 2010 decrease was primarily due to lower interest rates, risk reduction actions related to municipal bonds and commercial real estate, duration shortening actions taken to protect the portfolio from rising interest rates and lower average investment balances. The 2009 decrease was primarily due to lower yields, actions to shorten duration and maintain additional liquidity in the portfolio, along with reduced average investment balances. Also contributing to the decline in 2009 was lower income on limited partnership interests and decreased dividends on equity securities.

101


       Realized capital gains and losses    The following table presents the components of realized capital gains and losses and the related tax effect for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Impairment write-downs

  $ (797 ) $ (1,562 ) $ (1,983 )

Change in intent write-downs

    (204 )   (357 )   (1,752 )
               
 

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings

    (1,001 )   (1,919 )   (3,735 )

Sales

    686     1,272     (464 )

Valuation of derivative instruments

    (427 )   367     (1,280 )

Settlements of derivative instruments

    (174 )   (162 )   486  

EMA limited partnership income

    89     (141 )   (97 )
               

Realized capital gains and losses, pre-tax

    (827 )   (583 )   (5,090 )

Income tax benefit (expense)

    290     (45 )   1,779  
               

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

  $ (537 ) $ (628 ) $ (3,311 )
               

       Impairment write-downs for the years ended December 31 are presented in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Fixed income securities

  $ (626 ) $ (886 ) $ (1,507 )

Equity securities

    (57 )   (237 )   (328 )

Mortgage loans

    (65 )   (97 )   (4 )

Limited partnership interests

    (46 )   (308 )   (112 )

Other investments

    (3 )   (34 )   (32 )
               

Impairment write-downs

  $ (797 ) $ (1,562 ) $ (1,983 )
               

       Impairment write-downs in 2010 were primarily driven by RMBS, which experienced deterioration in expected cash flows; investments with commercial real estate exposure, including CMBS, mortgage loans, limited partnership interests and certain housing related municipal bonds, which were impacted by lower real estate valuations or experienced deterioration in expected cash flows; and privately placed corporate bonds and municipal bonds impacted by issuer specific circumstances. Impairment write-downs on below investment grade RMBS, CMBS and ABS in 2010 were $332 million, $118 million and $29 million, respectively.

       Impairment write-downs that were related primarily to securities subsequently disposed were $99 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. Of the remaining write-downs in 2010, $386 million or 73.2% of the fixed income security write-downs related to impaired securities that were performing in line with anticipated or contractual cash flows but were written down primarily because of expected deterioration in the performance of the underlying collateral or our assessment of the probability of future default. For these securities, as of December 31, 2010, there were either no defaults or defaults only impacted classes lower than our position in the capital structure. $138 million of the fixed income security write-downs in 2010 related to securities experiencing a significant departure from anticipated cash flows; however, we believe they retain economic value. $3 million in 2010 related to fixed income securities for which future cash flows are not anticipated.

       Equity securities were written down primarily due to the length of time and extent to which fair value was below cost, considering our assessment of the financial condition and near-term and long-term prospects of the issuer, including relevant industry conditions and trends.

       Limited partnership impairment write-downs primarily related to Cost limited partnerships, which experienced declines in portfolio valuations and we could not assert the recovery period would be temporary. To determine if an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred related to a Cost limited partnership, we evaluate whether an impairment indicator has occurred in the period that may have a significant adverse effect on the carrying value of the investment. Impairment indicators may include: significantly reduced valuations of the investments held by the limited partnerships; actual recent cash flows received being significantly less than expected cash flows; reduced valuations based on financing completed at a lower value; completed sale of a material underlying investment at a price significantly lower than expected; or any other adverse events since the last financial statements received that might affect the fair value of the investee's capital.

102


       Impairment write-downs in 2009 were primarily the result of recovery assessments related to investments with commercial real estate exposure, including limited partnership interests, equity securities, mortgage loans and CMBS; RMBS which experienced deterioration in expected cash flows; ABS, including CDO squared, cash flow CDO and synthetic CDO, and hybrid corporate fixed income securities.

       Change in intent write-downs for the years ended December 31 are presented in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Fixed income securities

  $ (198 ) $ (318 ) $ (1,555 )

Equity securities

        (27 )   (120 )

Mortgage loans

    (6 )   (6 )   (74 )

Other investments

        (6 )   (3 )
               
 

Change in intent write-downs

  $ (204 ) $ (357 ) $ (1,752 )
               

       The change in intent write-downs in 2010 and 2009 were primarily a result of ongoing comprehensive reviews of our portfolios resulting in write-downs of individually identified investments, primarily municipal bonds and RMBS.

       Sales generated $686 million of net realized gains in 2010 primarily due to $595 million of net gains on sales of corporate, U.S. government, foreign government and municipal fixed income securities and $210 million of net gains on sales of equity securities, partially offset by $139 million of net losses on sales of CMBS and ABS. Net realized gains from sales of $1.27 billion in 2009 were primarily due to $445 million and $636 million of gains on sales of equity and U.S. and foreign government fixed income securities, respectively. Sales of equity securities in 2009 were primarily in connection with a change in strategy that uses a more passive portfolio management approach with a greater emphasis on asset allocation decisions.

       Valuation and settlement of derivative instruments recorded as net realized capital losses totaling $601 million in 2010 included $427 million of losses on the valuation of derivative instruments and $174 million of losses on the settlement of derivative instruments. In 2009, net realized capital gains on the valuation and settlement of derivative instruments totaled $205 million.

       Net realized capital gains and losses from our risk management derivative programs are primarily driven by changes in risk-free interest rates, equity market valuations, volatility and credit spreads during a given period. Net realized capital gains and losses from our income generation derivative programs are primarily driven by changes in the fair value of the reference entities or indices underlying the derivative instruments.

       A changing interest rate environment will drive changes in our portfolio duration targets. A duration target and range is established with an economic view of liabilities relative to a long-term investment portfolio view. Tactical duration management is accomplished through both cash market transactions, sales and new purchases, and derivative activities that generate realized gains and losses. As a component of our approach to managing portfolio duration, realized gains and losses on certain derivative instruments are most appropriately considered in conjunction with the unrealized gains and losses on the fixed income portfolio. This approach mitigates the impacts of general interest rate changes to our overall financial condition.

       As of December 31, 2010, our securities with embedded derivatives totaled $1.26 billion, a decrease in fair value of $152 million from December 31, 2009, comprising realized capital losses on valuation of $3 million, net sales activity of $320 million, unrealized net capital gains reported in OCI of $123 million for the host securities and an increase of $48 million due to the adoption of new accounting guidance. Unrealized net capital gains were further decreased by $30 million due to amortization of the host securities. The change in fair value of embedded derivatives is bifurcated from the host securities, separately valued and reported in realized capital gains and losses, while the change in the difference between the fair value and the amortized cost of the host securities is reported in OCI. Total fair value exceeded total amortized cost by $41 million as of December 31, 2010. Valuation gains and losses for securities with embedded derivatives are converted into cash upon our election to sell these securities. In the event the economic value of the embedded options is not realized, we will recover the par value if held to maturity unless the issuer of the security defaults. In the event there are defaults by the referenced credit entities of the embedded credit default swap, our loss is limited to the par value of the combined fixed income security, net of applicable recoveries. Total par value exceeded fair value by $45 million as of December 31, 2010.

103


       The table below presents the realized capital gains and losses (pre-tax) on the valuation and settlement of derivative instruments shown by underlying exposure and derivative strategy for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008   2010 Explanations  
 
  Valuation   Settlements   Total   Total   Total    
   
   
   
   
 

Risk management
    
Property–Liability
        Portfolio duration
            management (1)

 

$
 
 
(96


)


$
  
  
(78


)


$
  
  
(174


)


$
 
 
33
 

$
 
  
(10


)
Interest rate swaps, municipal interest rate swaps and short interest rate futures are used to offset the effects of changing interest rates on a portion of the Property-Liability fixed income portfolio that is reported in unrealized net capital gains or losses in OCI. The futures contracts are exchange traded, daily cash settled and can be exited at any time for minimal additional cost. The 2010 losses, resulting from decreasing interest rates are offset in unrealized net capital gains and losses in OCI to the extent it relates to changes in risk-free rates.  
   

Interest rate spike exposure (1)

   
(173

)
 
(11

)
 
(184

)
 
(58

)
 
(97

)

Interest rate swaption contracts, with terms of less than one year, and exchange traded options on interest rate futures, with three to six month terms, provide an offset to declines in fixed income market values resulting from potential rising interest rates. As of December 31, 2010, the notional amount of our over-the-counter ("OTC") swaption positions totaled $7.81 billion and the notional amount of our exchange traded options totaled $800 million. Exchange traded options on interest rate futures are utilized to supplement the protection provided by swaption contracts without increasing the counterparty risk associated with OTC contracts. The 2010 losses on swaptions and options on interest rate futures contracts relates to a decrease in interest rates and a decline in volatility. Volatility represents the measure of variation of average value over a specified time period. If interest rates do not increase above the strike rate, the maximum loss on swaptions and options on interest rate futures is limited to the amount of the premium paid. The program is routinely monitored and revised as capital market conditions change.

 
   

Hedging unrealized gains on equity securities (1)

   
(56

)
 
(35

)
 
(91

)
 
(226

)
 
420
 

Exchange traded put options and short equity index futures provide an offset to significant declines in our equity portfolio from equity market declines below a targeted level. Options can expire, terminate early or the option can be exercised. If the price level of the equity index does not fall below the put's strike price, the maximum loss on purchased puts is limited to the amount of the premium paid. The futures contracts are exchange traded, daily cash settled and can be exited at any time for minimal additional cost. The 2010 losses on futures and options were primarily the result of an increase in the price levels of the equity indices and a decrease in volatility and were partially offset by unrealized net capital gains and losses of our equity portfolio to the degree they reflect the changes in price levels of the equity indices, which is reflected in OCI.

 
   

Foreign currency contracts

   
6
   
(20

)
 
(14

)
 
4
   
(27

)

Currency forwards are used to protect our foreign bond and equity portfolios from changes in currency rates. The 2010 losses on foreign currency contracts are primary driven by the weakening of the U.S. currency versus the foreign currency.

 
   

Credit risk reduction (1)

   
(7

)
 
(10

)
 
(17

)
 
(45

)
 
48
 

Valuation loss is the result of tightening credit spreads on referenced credit entities.

 
   

Other

   
1
   
1
   
2
   
2
   
(29

)

                         

104


($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008   2010 Explanations  
 
  Valuation   Settlements   Total   Total   Total    
   
   
   
   
 
 

Allstate Financial

                                                           
   

Duration gap management

    (111 )   (43 )   (154 )   288     (503 ) Interest rate caps, floors, swaptions and swaps are used by Allstate Financial to balance interest-rate sensitivities of its assets and liabilities. The contracts settle based on differences between current market rates and a contractually specified fixed rate through expiration. The contracts can be terminated and settled at any time with minimal additional cost. The maximum loss on caps, floors and swaptions is limited to the amount of premiums paid. The change in valuation reflects the changing value of expected future settlements from changing interest rates, which may vary over the period of the contracts. The 2010 losses, resulting from decreasing interest rates, are offset in unrealized capital gains and losses of our fixed income securities in OCI to the extent it relates to changes in risk-free rates.  
   

Anticipatory hedging

   
24
   
8
   
32
   
(18

)
 
153
 

Futures and interest rate swaps are used to protect investment spread from interest rate changes during mismatches in the timing of cash flows between product sales and the related investment activity. The futures contracts are exchange traded, daily cash settled and can be exited at any time for minimal additional cost. If the cash flow mismatches are such that a positive net investment position is being hedged, there is an offset for the related investment's unrealized loss in OCI. The 2010 gains resulted from a decrease in risk-free interest rates over the life of the net short position as liability issuances exceeded asset acquisitions.

 
   

Hedging of interest rate exposure in annuity contracts

   
(16

)
 
   
(16

)
 
10
   
(29

)

Value of expected future settlements on interest rate caps and the associated value of future credited interest, which is reportable in future periods when incurred, decreased due to a decrease in interest rates.

 
   

Hedging unrealized gains on equity indexed notes

   
   
   
   
   
7
                             
   

Hedge ineffectiveness

   
7
   
   
7
   
(1

)
 
(4

)

The hedge ineffectiveness of $7 million includes $74 million in realized capital losses on swaps that were offset by $81 million in realized capital gains on the hedged risk.

 
   

Foreign currency contracts

   
(2

)
 
6
   
4
   
3
   
(1

)

Currency forwards are used to protect our foreign bond portfolio from changes in currency rates.

 
   

Credit risk reduction (1)

   
6
   
(13

)
 
(7

)
 
(50

)
 
17
 

Valuation gain is the result of widening credit spreads on referenced credit entities.

 
   

Other

   
   
   
   
   
1
                             
                                                   
   

Total Risk management

 
$

(417

)

$

(195

)

$

(612

)

$

(58

)

$

(54

)
                           

Income generation
                                                           

                                The 2010 changes in valuation on the Property-Liability segment are due to the tightening of credit spreads on referenced credit entities. The gains are primarily on single name credit default swaps ("CDS"). The 2010 changes in valuation on the Allstate Financial segment are due to the widening credit spreads on referenced credit entities. The losses are primarily on first-to-default CDS and credit derivative index CDS. The changes in valuation would only be converted to cash upon disposition, which can be done at any time, or if the credit event specified in the contract occurs. For further discussion on CDS, see Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements.  
 

Asset replication — credit exposure

                                                           
     

Property-Liability

  $ 5   $ 10   $ 15   $ 13   $ (41 )                            
     

Allstate Financial

    (10 )   11     1     64     (62 )                            
                                                   
       

Total

    (5 )   21     16     77     (103 )                            

                                                           

    Asset replication —
        equity exposure
            Property–Liability

   
   
   
   
66
   
(84

)
                           
 

Commodity derivatives —

                                                           
     

Property–Liability

                    (44 )                            
                                                   
   

Total Income generation

  $ (5 ) $ 21   $ 16   $ 143   $ (231 )                            
                                                   

105


($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008   2010 Explanations  
 
  Valuation   Settlements   Total   Total   Total    
   
   
   
   
 

Accounting
                                                           
 

Equity indexed notes — Allstate Financial

 
$

(17

)

$

 
$

(17

)

$

28
 
$

(290

)
Equity-indexed notes are fixed income securities that contain embedded options. The changes in valuation of the embedded equity indexed call options are reported in realized capital gains and losses. The results generally track the performance of underlying equity indices. Valuation gains and losses are converted into cash upon sale or maturity. In the event the economic value of the options is not realized, we will recover the par value of the host fixed income security if held to maturity unless the issuer of the note defaults. Par value exceeded fair value by $21 million as of December 31, 2010. Equity-indexed notes are subject to our comprehensive portfolio monitoring and watchlist processes to identify and evaluate when the carrying value may be other-than-temporarily impaired. The following table compares the December 31, 2010 and 2009 holdings, respectively.  

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

($ in millions)

 

December 31,
2010

 

Change
in fair
value

 

Change due
to net sale
activity

 

December 31,
2009

 

                                Par value   $ 300   $   $ (175 ) $ 475  
                                                     

                               

Amortized cost of host contract

  $ 224   $ 15   $ (135 ) $ 344  

                               

Fair value of equity-indexed call option

    47     (17 )   (25 )   89  
                                                     

                               

Total amortized cost

  $ 271   $ (2 ) $ (160 ) $ 433  
                                                     

                                Total fair value   $ 279   $ 22   $ (173 ) $ 430  
                                                     

                                Unrealized gain/loss   $ 8   $ 24   $ (13 ) $ (3 )
                                                     
 

Conversion options in fixed income securities

                                                           
     

Property–Liability

    (11 )       (11 )   60     (143 )                            
     

Allstate Financial

    (11 )       (11 )   32     (77 )                            
                                                   
       

Total

    (22 )       (22 )   92     (220 )                            

                                Convertible bonds are fixed income securities that contain embedded options. Changes in valuation of the embedded option are reported in realized capital gains and losses. The results generally track the performance of underlying equities. Valuation gains and losses are converted into cash upon our election to sell these securities. In the event the economic value of the options is not realized, we will recover the par value of the host fixed income security if held to maturity unless the issuer of the note defaults. Fair value exceeded par value by $80 million as of December 31, 2010. Convertible bonds are subject to our comprehensive portfolio monitoring and watchlist processes to identify and evaluate when the carrying value may be other-than-temporarily impaired. The following table compares the December 31, 2010 and 2009 holdings, respectively.  

                                                           

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

($ in millions)

 

December 31,
2010

 

Change
in fair
value

 

Change due
to net sale
activity

 

December 31,
2009

 

                                Par value   $ 820   $   $ (116 ) $ 936  
                                                     

                               

Amortized cost of host contract

  $ 619   $ 19   $ (64 ) $ 664  

                               

Fair value of conversion option

    236     (22 )   (54 )   312  
                                                     
 

                               

Total amortized cost

  $ 855   $ (3 ) $ (118 ) $ 976  
                                                     

                                Total fair value   $ 900   $ 69   $ (147 ) $ 978  
                                                     

                                Unrealized gain/loss   $ 45   $ 72   $ (29 ) $ 2  
                                                     

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($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008   2010 Explanations  
 
  Valuation   Settlements   Total   Total   Total    
   
   
   
   
 

CDS in fixed income securities

                                                           
   

Property–Liability

                                                 
   

Allstate Financial

    36         36                                      
                                                   
     

Total

    36         36                                      

                                Synthetic CDO's are fixed income securities that contain embedded CDS. Effective July 1, 2010, when new accounting guidance requiring bifurcation of these derivatives was adopted, changes in valuation of the embedded credit default swap are reported in realized capital gains and losses. The embedded credit default swap increases or decreases in value as referenced credit entities' credit spreads tighten or widen, respectively. Credit events, changes in interest rates, correlations of the referenced entities and assumed recovery rates are among some of the other factors affecting the value of the embedded credit default swap. In the event a referenced credit entity experiences a credit event, our loss is limited to the par value of the fixed income security. Losses on credit events are net of recovery. Par value exceeded fair value by $104 million as of December 31, 2010. Synthetic CDO's are subject to our comprehensive portfolio monitoring and watchlist processes to identify and evaluate when the carrying value may be other-than-temporarily impaired. The following table compares the December 31, 2010 and July 1, 2010 holdings, respectively.  

                                                           

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

 


 

($ in millions)

 

December 31,
2010

 

Change
in fair
value

 

Change due
to net sale
activity

 

July 1,
2010

 

                                Par value   $ 181   $   $   $ 181  
                                                     

                               

Amortized cost of host contract

  $ 177   $ (4 ) $   $ 181  

                               

Fair value of credit default swap

    (88 )   36         (124 )
                                                     
 

                               

Total amortized cost

  $ 89   $ 32   $   $ 57  
                                                     

                                Total fair value   $ 77   $ 29   $   $ 48  
                                                     

                                Unrealized gain/loss   $ (12 ) $ (3 ) $   $ (9 )
                                                     
                                                   
   

Total Accounting

  $ (3 ) $   $ (3 ) $ 120   $ (510 )                            
                                                   

Other

    (2 )       (2 )       1                              
                                                   
   

Total

  $ (427 ) $ (174 ) $ (601) (2) $ 205 (2) $ (794 )                            
                                                   
 

Total Property-Liability

  $ (331 ) $ (143 ) $ (474 ) $ (151 ) $ (7 )                            
 

Total Allstate Financial

    (94 )   (31 )   (125 )   356     (788 )                            
 

Other

    (2 )       (2 )       1                              
                                                   
   

Total

  $ (427 ) $ (174 ) $ (601) (2) $ 205 (2) $ (794 )                            
                                                   

(1)
A portion of the risk mitigation ("macro hedge") program is contained within this line item.
(2)
For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, does not include $1 million of derivative gains related to the termination of fair value and cash flow hedges which are included in sales and reported with the hedged risk.

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       Included in the risk management section of the table above are net realized capital gains and losses on the valuation and settlement of derivative instruments related to our macro hedge program. Additional information regarding our macro hedge program, including these realized capital gains and losses, is included in the following table.

($ in millions)
  Fair value
as of
December 31,
2009
  Net cash
paid
(received)
for
premiums
  Net cash
paid
(received)
for
settlement
  Gain (loss) on
valuation (1)
  Gain (loss) on
settlement (2)
  Fair value
as of
December 31,
2010
 

Premium based instruments

                                     
 

Interest rate hedges

                                     
   

Swaptions

  $ 114   $ 166   $ (57 ) $ (147 ) $ (12 ) $ 64  
   

Options on interest rate futures

    12     23     (7 )   (26 )   1     3  
 

Equity hedges

                                     
   

Equity index options

    50     83     (26 )   (47 )   (29 )   31  
                           

    176     272     (90 )   (220 )   (40 )   98  

Non-premium based instruments

                                     
 

Interest rate hedges

                                     
   

Futures

            40         (42 )   (2 )
   

Interest rate swaps

    (12 )       (8 )   21     (1 )    
 

Credit hedges

                                     
   

Purchased CDS

    (40 )       32     7     (6 )   (7 )
                           

    (52 )       64     28     (49 )   (9 )
                           
 

Total

  $ 124   $ 272   $ (26 ) $ (192 ) $ (89 ) $ 89  
                           

(1)
In general, for premium based instruments, valuation gains and losses represent changes in fair value on open contracts and contracts that expired by their contractual terms during the period. If a premium based instrument terminates prior to expiration, the inception to date change in fair value is reversed out of valuation and reclassified to settlement gain or loss. For non-premium based instruments, valuation gains and losses represent changes in fair value that occurred while the contract was open but do not include gains and losses on termination (represented by the change in fair value of a terminated contract since its last month-end valuation).
(2)
In general, for premium based instruments, settlement gains and losses represent the inception to date change in fair value for early-terminated contracts. For non-premium based instruments, settlement gains and losses represent the net realized capital gain or loss resulting from periodic payments required by the contracts during the period, as well as any gain or loss on contract termination (represented by the change in fair value of a terminated contract since its last month-end valuation).

       Our current macro hedge program consists of derivatives for which we pay a premium at inception and others that do not require an up front premium payment. The premium payment component includes over-the-counter interest rate swaptions, exchange traded options on interest rate futures, and options on equity indices. These programs are designed to protect against the "tail risk" associated with both interest rate spikes above, and equity market declines below, targeted thresholds, so that derivative valuation gains will be realized to partially offset corresponding declines in value for our fixed income and equity portfolios, respectively.

       Premiums paid are reflected in realized capital losses as changes in valuation over the life of the derivative. The maximum loss on our premium based instruments is limited to the remaining fair value as of December 31, 2010. Scheduled expirations for our premium based instruments are $89 million in 2011 and $9 million in 2012.

       The derivatives in our current macro hedge program that do not require an up front premium payment are related to interest rate and credit risk hedging. These positions currently include municipal interest rate swaps, eurodollar futures, and purchased CDS. Although interest rate swaps and purchased CDS typically do not require up front premiums, they do involve periodic payments throughout the life of the contract. The fair value and resulting gains and losses from these instruments are dependent on the size of the notional amounts and direction of our positions relative to the performance of the underlying markets and credit-referenced entities. As of December 31, 2010, our non-premium based interest rate hedges had aggregate outstanding notional amounts of $125 million, decreasing from $200 million as of December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2010, our non-premium based credit hedges had aggregate outstanding notional amounts of $125 million, decreasing from $678 million as of December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2010, we had 15,000 eurodollar futures contracts outstanding. Futures contracts were not utilized in our macro hedge program in 2009.

       The macro hedge program is routinely monitored and revised as capital market conditions change.

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MARKET RISK

       Market risk is the risk that we will incur losses due to adverse changes in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, commodity prices, or currency exchange rates. Adverse changes to these rates and prices may occur due to changes in the liquidity of a market or market segment, insolvency or financial distress of key market makers or participants or changes in market perceptions of credit worthiness and/or risk tolerance. Our primary market risk exposures are to changes in interest rates, credit spreads and equity prices.

       The active management of market risk is integral to our results of operations. We may use the following approaches to manage exposure to market risk within defined tolerance ranges: 1) rebalancing existing asset or liability portfolios, 2) changing the character of investments purchased in the future and 3) using derivative instruments to modify the market risk characteristics of existing assets and liabilities or assets expected to be purchased. For a more detailed discussion of our use of derivative financial instruments, see Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements.

       Overview    In formulating and implementing guidelines for investing funds, we seek to earn returns that enhance our ability to offer competitive rates and prices to customers while contributing to attractive and stable profits and long-term capital growth. Accordingly, our investment decisions and objectives are a function of the underlying risks and product profiles of each business.

       Investment policies define the overall framework for managing market and other investment risks, including accountability and controls over risk management activities. Subsidiaries that conduct investment activities follow policies that have been approved by their respective boards of directors. These investment policies specify the investment limits and strategies that are appropriate given the liquidity, surplus, product profile and regulatory requirements of the subsidiary. Executive oversight of investment activities is conducted primarily through subsidiaries' boards of directors and investment committees. For Allstate Financial, its asset-liability management ("ALM") policies further define the overall framework for managing market and investment risks. ALM focuses on strategies to enhance yields, mitigate market risks and optimize capital to improve profitability and returns for Allstate Financial. Allstate Financial ALM activities follow asset-liability policies that have been approved by their respective boards of directors. These ALM policies specify limits, ranges and/or targets for investments that best meet Allstate Financial's business objectives in light of its product liabilities.

       We manage our exposure to market risk through the use of asset allocation, duration, simulation, and as appropriate, through the use of stress tests. We have asset allocation limits that place restrictions on the total funds that may be invested within an asset class. We have duration limits on the Property-Liability and Allstate Financial investment portfolios and, as appropriate, on individual components of these portfolios. These duration limits place restrictions on the amount of interest rate risk that may be taken. Comprehensive day-to-day management of market risk within defined tolerance ranges occurs as portfolio managers buy and sell within their respective markets based upon the acceptable boundaries established by investment policies. For Allstate Financial, this day-to-day management is integrated with and informed by the activities of the ALM organization. This integration is intended to result in a prudent, methodical and effective adjudication of market risk and return, conditioned by the unique demands and dynamics of Allstate Financial's product liabilities and supported by the continuous application of advanced risk technology and analytics.

       Although we apply a similar overall philosophy to market risk, the underlying business frameworks and the accounting and regulatory environments differ considerably between the Property-Liability and Allstate Financial businesses affecting investment decisions and risk parameters.

       Interest rate risk is the risk that we will incur a loss due to adverse changes in interest rates relative to the interest rate characteristics of our interest bearing assets and liabilities. This risk arises from many of our primary activities, as we invest substantial funds in interest-sensitive assets and issue interest-sensitive liabilities. Interest rate risk includes risks related to changes in U.S. Treasury yields and other key risk-free reference yields.

       We manage the interest rate risk in our assets relative to the interest rate risk in our liabilities. One of the measures used to quantify this exposure is duration. Duration measures the price sensitivity of the assets and liabilities to changes in interest rates. For example, if interest rates increase 100 basis points, the fair value of an asset with a duration of 5 is expected to decrease in value by 5%. As of December 31, 2010, the difference between our asset and liability duration was (0.64) gap, compared to a (0.24) gap as of December 31, 2009. A negative duration gap indicates that the fair value of our liabilities is more sensitive to interest rate movements than the fair value of our assets. The Property-Liability segment generally maintains a positive duration gap between its assets and liabilities due to the relatively short duration of auto and homeowners claims, which are its primary liabilities. The Allstate Financial segment may have a positive or

109



negative duration gap, as the duration of its assets and liabilities vary with its product mix and investing activity. As of December 31, 2010, Property-Liability had a positive duration gap while Allstate Financial had a negative duration gap.

       In the management of investments supporting the Property-Liability business, we adhere to an objective of emphasizing safety of principal and consistency of income within a total return framework. This approach is designed to ensure our financial strength and stability for paying claims, while maximizing economic value and surplus growth.

       For the Allstate Financial business, we seek to invest premiums, contract charges and deposits to generate future cash flows that will fund future claims, benefits and expenses, and that will earn stable spreads across a wide variety of interest rate and economic scenarios. To achieve this objective and limit interest rate risk for Allstate Financial, we adhere to a philosophy of managing the duration of assets and related liabilities within predetermined tolerance levels. This philosophy is executed using duration targets for fixed income investments in addition to interest rate swaps, futures, forwards, caps, floors and swaptions to reduce the interest rate risk resulting from mismatches between existing assets and liabilities, and financial futures and other derivative instruments to hedge the interest rate risk of anticipated purchases and sales of investments and product sales to customers.

       We pledge and receive collateral on certain types of derivative contracts. For futures and option contracts traded on exchanges, we have pledged securities and cash as margin deposits totaling $37 million as of December 31, 2010. For OTC derivative transactions including interest rate swaps, foreign currency swaps, interest rate caps, interest rate floors, CDS, forwards and certain options (including swaptions), master netting agreements are used. These agreements allow us to net payments due for transactions covered by the agreements and, when applicable, we are required to post collateral. As of December 31, 2010, we held $58 million of cash and securities pledged by counterparties as collateral for OTC instruments, and we pledged $193 million of cash and securities as collateral to counterparties.

       We performed a sensitivity analysis on OTC derivative collateral by assuming a hypothetical 100 basis point decline in interest rates. The analysis indicated that we would have to post an estimated $194 million in additional collateral with 55% attributable to Allstate Financial. The selection of these hypothetical scenarios should not be construed as our prediction of future events, but only as an illustration of the estimated potential effect of such events. We also actively manage our counterparty credit risk exposure by monitoring the level of collateral posted by our counterparties with respect to our receivable positions.

       To calculate the duration gap between assets and liabilities, we project asset and liability cash flows and calculate their net present value using a risk-free market interest rate adjusted for credit quality, sector attributes, liquidity and other specific risks. Duration is calculated by revaluing these cash flows at alternative interest rates and determining the percentage change in aggregate fair value. The cash flows used in this calculation include the expected maturity and repricing characteristics of our derivative financial instruments, all other financial instruments, and certain other items including unearned premiums, property-liability insurance claims and claims expense reserves, annuity liabilities and other interest-sensitive liabilities. The projections include assumptions (based upon historical market experience and our experience) that reflect the effect of changing interest rates on the prepayment, lapse, leverage and/or option features of instruments, where applicable. The preceding assumptions relate primarily to mortgage-backed securities, municipal housing bonds, callable municipal and corporate obligations, and fixed rate single and flexible premium deferred annuities. Additionally, the calculations include assumptions regarding the renewal of property-liability policies.

       Based upon the information and assumptions used in the duration calculation, and interest rates in effect as of December 31, 2010, we estimate that a 100 basis point immediate, parallel increase in interest rates ("rate shock") would decrease the net fair value of the assets and liabilities by $1 million, compared to $378 million as of December 31, 2009, reflecting year to year changes in duration. Reflected in the duration calculation are the effects of a program that uses swaps, eurodollar futures, options on Treasury futures and interest rate swaptions to manage interest rate risk. In calculating the impact of a 100 basis point increase on the value of the derivatives, we have assumed interest rate volatility remains constant. Based on the swaps, eurodollar futures, options on Treasury futures and interest rate swaptions in place as of December 31, 2010, we would recognize realized capital gains totaling $327 million in the event of a 100 basis point immediate, parallel interest rate increase and $126 million in realized capital losses in the event of a 100 basis point immediate, parallel interest rate decrease on these derivatives. The selection of a 100 basis point immediate parallel change in interest rates should not be construed as our prediction of future market events, but only as an illustration of the potential effect of such an event. There are $8.71 billion of assets supporting life insurance products such as traditional and interest-sensitive life that are not financial instruments. These assets and the associated liabilities have not been included in the above estimate. The $8.71 billion of assets excluded from the calculation has increased from $8.12 billion as of December 31, 2009, due to an increase in interest-sensitive life contractholder funds and improved fixed income valuations as a result of declining risk-free interest rates and

110



tightening of credit spreads in certain sectors. Based on assumptions described above, in the event of a 100 basis point immediate increase in interest rates, the assets supporting life insurance products would decrease in value by $549 million, compared to a decrease of $459 million as of December 31, 2009.

       To the extent that conditions differ from the assumptions we used in these calculations, duration and rate shock measures could be significantly impacted. Additionally, our calculations assume that the current relationship between short-term and long-term interest rates (the term structure of interest rates) will remain constant over time. As a result, these calculations may not fully capture the effect of non-parallel changes in the term structure of interest rates and/or large changes in interest rates.

       Credit spread risk is the risk that we will incur a loss due to adverse changes in credit spreads ("spreads"). This risk arises from many of our primary activities, as we invest substantial funds in spread-sensitive fixed income assets.

       We manage the spread risk in our assets. One of the measures used to quantify this exposure is spread duration. Spread duration measures the price sensitivity of the assets to changes in spreads. For example, if spreads increase 100 basis points, the fair value of an asset exhibiting a spread duration of 5 is expected to decrease in value by 5%.

       Spread duration is calculated similarly to interest rate duration. As of December 31, 2010, the spread duration of Property-Liability assets was 4.45, compared to 5.02 as of December 31, 2009 and the spread duration of Allstate Financial assets was 4.97, compared to 4.79 as of December 31, 2009. Based upon the information and assumptions we use in this spread duration calculation, and spreads in effect as of December 31, 2010, we estimate that a 100 basis point immediate, parallel increase in spreads across all asset classes, industry sectors and credit ratings ("spread shock") would decrease the net fair value of the assets by $3.61 billion, compared to $3.85 billion as of December 31, 2009. Reflected in the duration calculation are the effects of our risk mitigation actions that use CDS to manage spread risk. Based on contracts in place as of December 31, 2010, we would recognize realized capital gains totaling $64 million in the event of a 100 basis point immediate, parallel spread increase and $64 million in realized capital losses in the event of a 100 basis point immediate, parallel spread decrease. The selection of a 100 basis point immediate parallel change in spreads should not be construed as our prediction of future market events, but only as an illustration of the potential effect of such an event.

       Equity price risk is the risk that we will incur losses due to adverse changes in the general levels of the equity markets. As of December 31, 2010, we held $4.67 billion in common stocks and Exchange Traded Funds ("ETFs") and $4.88 billion in other securities with equity risk (including primarily convertible securities, limited partnership interests, non-redeemable preferred securities and equity-linked notes), compared to $4.77 billion and $3.86 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2009. 95.5% and 63.1% of these totals, respectively, represented assets of the Property-Liability operations as of December 31, 2010, compared to 97.3% and 57.1%, respectively, as of December 31, 2009. Additionally, we had 18,000 contracts in long Standard & Poor's 500 Composite Price Index ("S&P 500") puts as of December 31, 2010 with a fair value of $34 million.

       As of December 31, 2010, our portfolio of common stocks and other securities with equity risk had a cash market portfolio beta of 0.74, compared to a beta of 0.73 as of December 31, 2009. Beta represents a widely used methodology to describe, quantitatively, an investment's market risk characteristics relative to an index such as the S&P 500. Based on the beta analysis, we estimate that if the S&P 500 increases or decreases by 10%, the fair value of our equity investments will increase or decrease by 7.4%, respectively. Based upon the information and assumptions we used to calculate beta as of December 31, 2010, including the effect of the S&P 500 puts, we estimate that an immediate decrease in the S&P 500 of 10% would decrease the net fair value of our equity investments identified above by $695 million, compared to $605 million as of December 31, 2009, and an immediate increase in the S&P 500 of 10% would increase the net fair value by $708 million compared to $615 million as of December 31, 2009. In calculating the impact of a 10% S&P index perturbation on the value of the puts, we have assumed index volatility remains constant. Based on the S&P 500 index put options in place as of December 31, 2010, we would recognize losses totaling $14 million in the event of a 10% increase in the S&P 500 index and $22 million in gains in the event of a 10% decrease. The selection of a 10% immediate decrease or increase in the S&P 500 should not be construed as our prediction of future market events, but only as an illustration of the potential effect of such an event.

       The beta of our common stocks and other securities with equity risk was determined by calculating the change in the fair value of the portfolio resulting from stressing the equity market up and down 10%. The illustrations noted above may not reflect our actual experience if the future composition of the portfolio (hence its beta) and correlation relationships differ from the historical relationships.

       As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, we had separate accounts assets related to variable annuity and variable life contracts with account values totaling $8.68 billion and $9.07 billion, respectively. Equity risk exists for contract charges

111



based on separate account balances and guarantees for death and/or income benefits provided by our variable products. In 2006, we disposed of substantially all of the variable annuity business through reinsurance agreements with The Prudential Insurance Company of America, a subsidiary of Prudential Financial Inc. and therefore mitigated this aspect of our risk. Equity risk for our variable life business relates to contract charges and policyholder benefits. Total variable life contract charges for 2010 and 2009 were $80 million and $85 million, respectively. Separate account liabilities related to variable life contracts were $775 million and $708 million in December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       As of December 31, 2010 and 2009 we had $4.70 billion and $4.47 billion, respectively, in equity-indexed annuity liabilities that provide customers with interest crediting rates based on the performance of the S&P 500. We hedge the risk associated with these liabilities using equity-indexed options and futures, interest rate swaps, and eurodollar futures, maintaining risk within specified value-at-risk limits.

       Foreign currency exchange rate risk is the risk that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates. This risk primarily arises from our foreign equity investments, including real estate funds and private equity funds, and our Canadian and Northern Ireland operations. We also have certain funding agreement liabilities and fixed income securities that are denominated in foreign currencies; however, derivatives are used to hedge the foreign currency risk of these funding agreements and approximately 77% of the fixed income securities. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, we had $435 million and $713 million, respectively, in funding agreements denominated in foreign currencies.

       As of December 31, 2010, we had $1.70 billion in foreign currency denominated equity investments, $773 million net investment in our foreign subsidiaries, and $91 million in unhedged non-dollar pay fixed income securities. These amounts were $1.38 billion, $686 million, and $148 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2009. 90.5% of the foreign currency exposure is in the Property-Liability business.

       Based upon the information and assumptions used as of December 31, 2010, we estimate that a 10% immediate unfavorable change in each of the foreign currency exchange rates to which we are exposed would decrease the value of our foreign currency denominated instruments by $257 million, compared with an estimated $222 million decrease as of December 31, 2009. The selection of a 10% immediate decrease in all currency exchange rates should not be construed as our prediction of future market events, but only as an illustration of the potential effect of such an event. Our currency exposure is diversified across 32 currencies as of December 31, 2010, compared to 39 currencies as of December 31, 2009. Our largest individual foreign currency exposures as of December 31, 2010 were to the Canadian dollar (37.0%) and the British Pound (13.3%). The largest individual foreign currency exposures as of December 31, 2009 were to the Canadian dollar (35.5%) and the Euro (22.9%). Our primary regional exposure is to Canada, with 37.0% as of December 31, 2010, compared to Western Europe, with 40.5% as of December 31, 2009.

       The modeling technique we use to report our currency exposure does not take into account correlation among foreign currency exchange rates. Even though we believe it is very unlikely that all of the foreign currency exchange rates that we are exposed to would simultaneously decrease by 10%, we nonetheless stress test our portfolio under this and other hypothetical extreme adverse market scenarios. Our actual experience may differ from these results because of assumptions we have used or because significant liquidity and market events could occur that we did not foresee.

       Commodity price risk is the risk that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in the prices of commodities. This risk arises from commodity linked investments, such as the Dow Jones AIG Commodity Index and Goldman Sachs Commodity Index which is a broad based, oil dominated index. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, we had no exposure to the indices.

PENSION PLANS

       We have defined benefit pension plans, which cover most full-time and certain part-time employees and employee-agents. See Note 16 of the consolidated financial statements for a complete discussion of these plans and their effect on the consolidated financial statements. The pension and other postretirement plans may be amended or terminated at any time. Any revisions could result in significant changes to our obligations and our obligation to fund the plans.

       We report unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity. It represents differences between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation for pension plans and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for other postretirement plans that have not yet been recognized as a component of net periodic cost. The measurement of the unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost can vary based upon the fluctuations in the fair value of the plan assets and the actuarial assumptions used for the plans as discussed

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below. The unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost as of December 31, 2010 was $1.19 billion, a decrease of $94 million from $1.28 billion as of December 31, 2009. The decrease was the result of the recognition of a portion of unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost through pension expense during 2010, which was partially offset by actuarial losses incurred during the year.

       The market-related value component of expected returns recognizes plan losses and gains on equity securities over a five-year period, which we believe is consistent with the long-term nature of pension obligations. As a result, the effect of changes in fair value of equity securities on our net periodic pension cost may be experienced in periods subsequent to those in which the fluctuations actually occur.

       Net periodic pension cost in 2011 is estimated to be $293 million based on current assumptions, including settlement charges. This represents a decrease compared to 2010 due to favorable asset performance during 2010 and lower than expected salary increases. Net periodic pension cost increased in 2010 due to the effect of equity losses during the 2008 fiscal year and the decrease in discount rates experienced at the end of 2009. Net periodic pension cost decreased in 2009 due to the increase in discount rate for each pension plan, which resulted in lower amortization of net actuarial loss. In 2010 and 2008, net pension cost included non-cash settlement charges primarily resulting from lump sum distributions made to agents. Settlement charges also occurred during 2010, 2009 and 2008 related to the Supplemental Retirement Income Plan as a result of lump sum payments made from the plan. Settlement charges are likely to continue for some period in the future as we settle our remaining agent pension obligations by making lump sum distributions to agents.

       Amounts recorded for pension cost and accumulated other comprehensive income are significantly affected by fluctuations in the returns on plan assets and the amortization of unrecognized actuarial gains and losses. Plan assets sustained net losses in prior periods primarily due to declines in equity and credit markets. These asset losses, combined with all other unrecognized actuarial gains and losses, resulted in amortization of net actuarial loss (and additional net periodic pension cost) of $160 million in 2010 and $15 million in 2009. We anticipate that the unrealized loss for our pension plans will exceed 10% of the greater of the projected benefit obligations or the market-related value of assets in 2011 and into the foreseeable future, resulting in additional amortization and net periodic pension cost.

       Amounts recorded for net periodic pension cost and accumulated other comprehensive income are also significantly affected by changes in the assumptions used to determine the weighted average discount rate and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. The weighted average discount rate is based on rates at which expected pension benefits attributable to past employee service could effectively be settled on a present value basis at the measurement date. We develop the assumed weighted average discount rate by utilizing the weighted average yield of a theoretical dedicated portfolio derived from non-callable bonds available in the Barclays corporate bond universe having ratings of at least "AA" by S&P or at least "Aa" by Moody's on the measurement date with cash flows that match expected plan benefit requirements. Significant changes in discount rates, such as those caused by changes in the credit spreads, yield curve, the mix of bonds available in the market, the duration of selected bonds and expected benefit payments, may result in volatility in pension cost and accumulated other comprehensive income.

       Holding other assumptions constant, a hypothetical decrease of 100 basis points in the weighted average discount rate would result in an increase of $43 million in net periodic pension cost and a $392 million increase in the unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost liability of our pension plans recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2010, compared to an increase of $43 million in net periodic pension cost and a $373 million increase in the unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost liability as of December 31, 2009. A hypothetical increase of 100 basis points in the weighted average discount rate would decrease net periodic pension cost by $38 million and would decrease the unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost liability of our pension plans recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income by $331 million as of December 31, 2010, compared to a decrease in net periodic pension cost of $38 million and a $317 million decrease in the unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost liability of our pension plans recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2009. This non-symmetrical range results from the non-linear relationship between discount rates and pension obligations, and changes in the amortization of unrealized net actuarial gains and losses.

       The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets reflects the average rate of earnings expected on plan assets. While this rate reflects long-term assumptions and is consistent with long-term historical returns, sustained changes in the market or changes in the mix of plan assets may lead to revisions in the assumed long-term rate of return on plan assets that may result in variability of pension cost. Differences between the actual return on plan assets and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets are a component of unrecognized gains or losses, which may be amortized as a component of net actuarial gains and losses and recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income.

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As a result, the effect of changes in fair value on our pension cost may be experienced in results of operations in periods subsequent to those in which the fluctuations actually occur.

       Holding other assumptions constant, a hypothetical decrease of 100 basis points in the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets would result in an increase of $44 million in pension cost as of December 31, 2010, compared to $39 million as of December 31, 2009. A hypothetical increase of 100 basis points in the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets would result in a decrease in net periodic pension cost of $44 million as of December 31, 2010, compared to $39 million as of December 31, 2009.

       We target funding levels that do not restrict the payment of plan benefits in our domestic plans and were within our targeted range as of December 31, 2010. In 2010, we contributed $443 million to our pension plans. We expect to contribute $263 million for the 2011 plan year to maintain the plans' funded status. This estimate could change significantly following either a dramatic improvement or decline in investment markets.

Other post employment benefits

       In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed into law. One aspect of this legislation is the introduction of an excise tax, effective in 2018, on "high cost" plans. The liabilities as of December 31, 2010 for the postretirement medical plans include an estimate of this additional liability, which amounts to $3 million.

DEFERRED TAXES

       The total deferred tax valuation allowance was $6 million as of December 31, 2010 compared to $11 million as of December 31, 2009. We evaluate whether a valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets is required each reporting period. A valuation allowance is established if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax asset will not be realized. In determining whether a valuation allowance is needed, all available evidence is considered. This includes the potential for capital and ordinary loss carryback, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies that we may employ to avoid a tax benefit from expiring unused and future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences.

       With respect to our evaluation of the need for a valuation allowance related to the deferred tax asset on capital losses that have been realized but have not yet been recognized for tax purposes, we utilize prudent and feasible tax planning strategies that optimize the ability to carry back capital losses as well as the ability to offset future capital losses with unrealized capital gains that could be recognized for tax purposes. We have remaining capital loss carryback capacity of $439 million and $9 million from 2009 and 2010, respectively.

       With respect to our evaluation of the need for a valuation allowance related to the deferred tax asset on unrealized capital losses on fixed income and equity securities, our tax planning strategies first consider the availability of unrealized capital gains to offset future capital losses and then we rely on our assertion that we have the intent and ability to hold certain securities with unrealized losses to recovery. As a result, the unrealized losses on these securities would not be expected to materialize and no valuation allowance on the associated deferred tax asset is needed.

CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY 2010 HIGHLIGHTS

Shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2010 was $19.02 billion, an increase of 13.9% from $16.69 billion as of December 31, 2009.
On January 5, 2010, April 1, 2010, July 1, 2010 and October 1, 2010, we paid a quarterly shareholder dividend of $0.20, respectively. On November 9, 2010, we declared a quarterly shareholder dividend of $0.20 payable on January 3, 2011.
In November 2010, we commenced a $1.00 billion share repurchase program. As of December 31, 2010, this program had $840 million remaining and is expected to be completed by March 31, 2012.

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CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY

       Capital resources consist of shareholders' equity and debt, representing funds deployed or available to be deployed to support business operations or for general corporate purposes. The following table summarizes our capital resources as of December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Common stock, retained income and other shareholders' equity items

  $ 19,200   $ 18,798   $ 17,442  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

    (184 )   (2,106 )   (4,801 )
               
 

Total shareholders' equity

    19,016     16,692     12,641  

Debt

    5,908     5,910     5,659  
               
 

Total capital resources

  $ 24,924   $ 22,602   $ 18,300  
               

Ratio of debt to shareholders' equity

   
31.1%
   
35.4%
   
44.8%
 

Ratio of debt to capital resources

    23.7%     26.1%     30.9%  

       Shareholders' equity increased in 2010, primarily due to unrealized net capital gains on investments and net income, partially offset by dividends paid to shareholders and share repurchases. Shareholders' equity increased in 2009, due primarily to decreases in unrealized net capital losses on investments and net income, partially offset by dividends paid to shareholders.

       Debt decreased $2 million in 2010 due to decreases in long-term debt. Debt increased $251 million in 2009 due to net increases in long-term debt. In May 2009, we issued $300 million of 6.20% Senior Notes due 2014 and $700 million of 7.45% Senior Notes due 2019. The proceeds of this issuance were used for general corporate purposes, including to facilitate the repayment of the $750 million of 7.20% Senior Notes that matured on December 1, 2009. Except for $42 million in long-term debt related to the synthetic leases scheduled to mature in 2011, we do not have any required principal payments until 2012 when $350 million of 6.125% Senior Notes are due. For further information on debt issuances, see Note 11 of the consolidated financial statements.

       As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, there were no outstanding commercial paper borrowings.

       Share repurchases    In November 2010, we commenced a $1.00 billion share repurchase program. As of December 31, 2010, this program had $840 million remaining and is expected to be completed by March 31, 2012.

       Since 1995, we have acquired 463 million shares of our common stock at a cost of $19.25 billion, primarily as part of various stock repurchase programs. We have reissued 97 million shares since 1995, primarily associated with our equity incentive plans, the 1999 acquisition of American Heritage Life Investment Corporation and the 2001 redemption of certain mandatorily redeemable preferred securities. Since 1995, total shares outstanding has decreased by 363 million shares or 40.5%, primarily due to our repurchase programs.

       Financial ratings and strength    The following table summarizes our debt, commercial paper and insurance financial strength ratings as of December 31, 2010.

 
  Moody's   Standard
& Poor's
  A.M. Best

The Allstate Corporation (senior long-term debt)

  A3   A-   a-

The Allstate Corporation (commercial paper)

  P-2   A-2   AMB-1

Allstate Insurance Company (insurance financial strength)

  Aa3   AA-   A+

Allstate Life Insurance Company (insurance financial strength)

  A1   A+   A+

       Our ratings are influenced by many factors including our operating and financial performance, asset quality, liquidity, asset/liability management, overall portfolio mix, financial leverage (i.e., debt), exposure to risks such as catastrophes and the current level of operating leverage.

       On January 24, 2011, Moody's affirmed The Allstate Corporation's debt and commercial paper ratings of A3, and P-2, respectively, AIC's financial strength rating of Aa3 and ALIC's financial strength rating of A1. The outlook for the Moody's ratings remained stable. On December 15, 2010, A.M. Best affirmed The Allstate Corporation's debt and commercial paper ratings of a- and AMB-1, respectively, as well as the A+ financial strength ratings of AIC and ALIC. The outlook for The Allstate Corporation and AIC remained stable while the outlook for ALIC remained negative. On November 17, 2010, S&P affirmed The Allstate Corporation's debt and commercial paper ratings of A- and A-2,

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respectively, as well as the AA- financial strength rating of AIC. S&P downgraded the financial strength rating for ALIC to A+ from AA-. The outlook for all S&P ratings was revised to stable from negative.

       We have distinct and separately capitalized groups of subsidiaries licensed to sell property and casualty insurance in New Jersey and Florida that maintain separate group ratings. The ratings of these groups are influenced by the risks that relate specifically to each group. Many mortgage companies require property owners to have insurance from an insurance carrier with a secure financial strength rating from an accredited rating agency. Allstate New Jersey Insurance Company and Encompass Insurance Company of New Jersey, which write auto and homeowners insurance, are rated A- by A.M. Best. Allstate New Jersey Insurance Company also has a Financial Stability Rating® of A" from Demotech. The outlook for these ratings is stable. Castle Key Insurance Company and its subsidiaries, which underwrite personal lines property insurance in Florida, are rated B- by A.M. Best. The outlook for the ratings of Castle Key Insurance Company and its subsidiaries is negative. Castle Key Insurance Company and its subsidiaries also have Financial Stability Ratings® of A' from Demotech.

       ALIC, AIC and the Corporation are party to the Amended and Restated Intercompany Liquidity Agreement ("Liquidity Agreement") which allows for short-term advances of funds to be made between parties for liquidity and other general corporate purposes. The Liquidity Agreement does not establish a commitment to advance funds on the part of any party. ALIC and AIC each serve as a lender and borrower and the Corporation serves only as a lender. AIC also has a capital support agreement with ALIC. Under the capital support agreement, AIC is committed to provide capital to ALIC to maintain an adequate capital level. The maximum amount of potential funding under each of these agreements is $1.00 billion.

       In addition to the Liquidity Agreement, the Corporation also has an intercompany loan agreement with certain of its subsidiaries, which include, but are not limited to, AIC and ALIC. The amount of intercompany loans available to the Corporation's subsidiaries is at the discretion of the Corporation. The maximum amount of loans the Corporation will have outstanding to all its eligible subsidiaries at any given point in time is limited to $1.00 billion. The Corporation may use commercial paper borrowings, bank lines of credit and repurchase agreements to fund intercompany borrowings.

       Allstate's domestic property-liability and life insurance subsidiaries prepare their statutory-basis financial statements in conformity with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the insurance department of the applicable state of domicile. Statutory surplus is a measure that is often used as a basis for determining dividend paying capacity, operating leverage and premium growth capacity, and it is also reviewed by rating agencies in determining their ratings. As of December 31, 2010, AIC's statutory surplus is approximately $15.38 billion compared to $15.03 billion as of December 31, 2009. These amounts include ALIC's statutory surplus of approximately $3.34 billion as of December 31, 2010, compared to $3.47 billion as of December 31, 2009.

       The ratio of net premiums written to statutory surplus is a common measure of operating leverage used in the property-casualty insurance industry and serves as an indicator of a company's premium growth capacity. Ratios in excess of 3 to 1 are typically considered outside the usual range by insurance regulators and rating agencies. AIC's premium to surplus ratio was 1.6x on December 31, 2010 compared to 1.7x in the prior year.

       State laws specify regulatory actions if an insurer's risk-based capital ("RBC"), a measure of an insurer's solvency, falls below certain levels. The NAIC has a standard formula for annually assessing RBC. The formula for calculating RBC for property-liability companies takes into account asset and credit risks but places more emphasis on underwriting factors for reserving and pricing. The formula for calculating RBC for life insurance companies takes into account factors relating to insurance, business, asset and interest rate risks. As of December 31, 2010, the RBC for each of our domestic insurance companies was within the range that we target.

       The NAIC has also developed a set of financial relationships or tests known as the Insurance Regulatory Information System to assist state regulators in monitoring the financial condition of insurance companies and identifying companies that require special attention or actions by insurance regulatory authorities. The NAIC analyzes financial data provided by insurance companies using prescribed ratios, each with defined "usual ranges". Generally, regulators will begin to monitor an insurance company if its ratios fall outside the usual ranges for four or more of the ratios. If an insurance company has insufficient capital, regulators may act to reduce the amount of insurance it can issue. The ratios of our domestic insurance companies are within these ranges.

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       Liquidity sources and uses    Our potential sources of funds principally include activities shown in the following table.

 
  Property-
Liability
  Allstate
Financial
  Corporate
and Other

Receipt of insurance premiums

  X   X    

Contractholder fund deposits

      X    

Reinsurance recoveries

  X   X    

Receipts of principal, interest and dividends on investments

  X   X   X

Sales of investments

  X   X   X

Funds from securities lending, commercial paper and line of credit agreements

  X   X   X

Intercompany loans

  X   X   X

Capital contributions from parent

  X   X    

Dividends from subsidiaries

  X       X

Tax refunds/settlements

  X   X   X

Funds from periodic issuance of additional securities

          X

Funds from the settlement of our benefit plans

          X

       Our potential uses of funds principally include activities shown in the following table.

 
  Property-
Liability
  Allstate
Financial
  Corporate
and Other

Payment of claims and related expenses

  X        

Payment of contract benefits, maturities, surrenders and withdrawals

      X    

Reinsurance cessions and payments

  X   X    

Operating costs and expenses

  X   X   X

Purchase of investments

  X   X   X

Repayment of securities lending, commercial paper and line of credit agreements

  X   X   X

Payment or repayment of intercompany loans

  X   X   X

Capital contributions to subsidiaries

  X       X

Dividends to shareholders/parent company

  X   X   X

Tax payments/settlements

  X   X    

Share repurchases

          X

Debt service expenses and repayment

  X   X   X

Settlement payments of employee and agent benefit plans

  X   X   X

       We actively manage our financial position and liquidity levels in light of changing market, economic, and business conditions. Liquidity is managed at both the entity and enterprise level across the Company, and is assessed on both base and stressed level liquidity needs. We believe we have sufficient liquidity to meet these needs. Additionally, we have existing intercompany agreements in place that facilitate liquidity management across the Company to enhance flexibility.

       Parent company capital capacity    At the parent holding company level, we have deployable invested assets totaling $3.84 billion as of December 31, 2010. These assets include investments that are generally saleable within one quarter totaling $3.43 billion. The substantial earnings capacity of the operating subsidiaries is the primary source of capital generation for the Corporation. In 2011, AIC will have the capacity to pay dividends currently estimated at $1.54 billion without prior regulatory approval. We do not anticipate that ALIC will pay dividends to AIC in 2011. In addition, we have access to $1.00 billion of funds from either commercial paper issuance or an unsecured revolving credit facility. This provides funds for the parent company's relatively low fixed charges.

       In 2010, dividends totaling $1.30 billion were paid by AIC to its parent, the Corporation. There were no dividends paid by AIC to the Corporation in 2009. In 2008, dividends totaling $3.40 billion were paid by AIC to the Corporation. There were no capital contributions paid by the Corporation to AIC in both 2010 and 2009. In 2008, capital contributions paid by the Corporation to AIC totaled $1.00 billion.

       In 2010 and 2009, a return of capital by American Heritage Life Investment Corporation to the Corporation totaled $24 million and $13 million, respectively. There were no dividends paid by Allstate Financial in 2008.

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       There were no capital contributions by AIC to ALIC in 2010. In 2009, capital contributions were paid in cash by AIC to ALIC totaling $250 million. 2009 also included capital contributions to ALIC comprising the transfer to ALIC from AIC of non-cash assets totaling $448 million and the transfer of a $25 million surplus note to Kennett Capital Inc. from ALIC in exchange for a note receivable with a principal sum equal to that of the surplus note, which was originally issued to ALIC by a subsidiary of ALIC. In 2008, funds paid by AIC to ALIC totaled $1.41 billion. The $1.41 billion includes capital contributions paid in cash totaling $607 million and the issuance of two surplus notes, each with a principal sum of $400 million, to AIC in exchange for cash totaling $800 million. 2008 also included capital contributions to ALIC comprising the transfer to ALIC from AIC of non-cash assets totaling $342 million and the transfer of a $50 million surplus note to Kennett Capital Inc. from ALIC in exchange for a note receivable with a principal sum equal to that of the surplus note, which was originally issued to ALIC by a subsidiary of ALIC. One of the surplus notes issued to AIC in 2008 was subsequently canceled and forgiven by AIC resulting in the recognition of a capital contribution equal to the outstanding principal balance of the surplus note of $400 million.

       The Corporation has access to additional borrowing to support liquidity as follows:

A commercial paper facility with a borrowing limit of $1.00 billion to cover short-term cash needs. As of December 31, 2010, there were no balances outstanding and therefore the remaining borrowing capacity was $1.00 billion; however, the outstanding balance can fluctuate daily.
Our primary credit facility is available for short-term liquidity requirements and backs our commercial paper facility. Our $1.00 billion unsecured revolving credit facility has an initial term of five years expiring in 2012 with two optional one-year extensions that can be exercised at the end of any of the remaining anniversary years of the facility upon approval of existing or replacement lenders providing more than two-thirds of the commitments to lend. The program is fully subscribed among 11 lenders with the largest commitment being $185 million. The commitments of the lenders are several and no lender is responsible for any other lender's commitment if such lender fails to make a loan under the facility. This facility contains an increase provision that would allow up to an additional $500 million of borrowing provided the increased portion could be fully syndicated at a later date among existing or new lenders. This facility has a financial covenant requiring that we not exceed a 37.5% debt to capital resources ratio as defined in the agreement. This ratio as of December 31, 2010 was 19.4%. Although the right to borrow under the facility is not subject to a minimum rating requirement, the costs of maintaining the facility and borrowing under it are based on the ratings of our senior, unsecured, nonguaranteed long-term debt. There were no borrowings under the credit facility during 2010. The total amount outstanding at any point in time under the combination of the commercial paper program and the credit facility cannot exceed the amount that can be borrowed under the credit facility.
A universal shelf registration statement was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 8, 2009. We can use this shelf registration to issue an unspecified amount of debt securities, common stock (including 367 million shares of treasury stock as of December 31, 2010), preferred stock, depositary shares, warrants, stock purchase contracts, stock purchase units and securities of trust subsidiaries. The specific terms of any securities we issue under this registration statement will be provided in the applicable prospectus supplements.

       Liquidity exposure    Contractholder funds as of December 31, 2010 were $48.20 billion. The following table summarizes contractholder funds by their contractual withdrawal provisions as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)
   
  Percent to
total
 

Not subject to discretionary withdrawal

  $ 6,998     14.5 %

Subject to discretionary withdrawal with adjustments:

             
 

Specified surrender charges (1)

    19,815     41.1  
 

Market value adjustments (2)

    7,805     16.2  

Subject to discretionary withdrawal without adjustments (3)

    13,577     28.2  
           

Total contractholder funds (4)

  $ 48,195     100.0 %
           

(1)
Includes $9.80 billion of liabilities with a contractual surrender charge of less than 5% of the account balance.
(2)
$6.50 billion of the contracts with market value adjusted surrenders have a 30-45 day period at the end of their initial and subsequent interest rate guarantee periods (which are typically 5 or 6 years) during which there is no surrender charge or market value adjustment.
(3)
67% of these contracts have a minimum interest crediting rate guarantee of 3% or higher.
(4)
Includes $1.23 billion of contractholder funds on variable annuities reinsured to The Prudential Insurance Company of America, a subsidiary of Prudential Financial Inc., in 2006.

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       While we are able to quantify remaining scheduled maturities for our institutional products, anticipating retail product surrenders is less precise. Retail life and annuity products may be surrendered by customers for a variety of reasons. Reasons unique to individual customers include a current or unexpected need for cash or a change in life insurance coverage needs. Other key factors that may impact the likelihood of customer surrender include the level of the contract surrender charge, the length of time the contract has been in force, distribution channel, market interest rates, equity market conditions and potential tax implications. In addition, the propensity for retail life insurance policies to lapse is lower than it is for fixed annuities because of the need for the insured to be re-underwritten upon policy replacement. Surrenders and partial withdrawals for our retail annuities increased 2.2% in 2010 compared to 2009. The annualized surrender and partial withdrawal rate on deferred annuities, interest-sensitive life insurance and Allstate Bank products, based on the beginning of year contractholder funds, was 12.2% and 11.8% in 2010 and 2009, respectively. Allstate Financial strives to promptly pay customers who request cash surrenders; however, statutory regulations generally provide up to six months in most states to fulfill surrender requests.

       Our institutional products are primarily funding agreements sold to unaffiliated trusts used to back medium-term notes. As of December 31, 2010, total institutional products outstanding were $2.64 billion. The following table presents the remaining scheduled maturities for our institutional products outstanding as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)
   
 

2011

  $ 760  

2012

    40  

2013

    1,750  

2016

    85  
       

  $ 2,635  
       

       Our asset-liability management practices limit the differences between the cash flows generated by our investment portfolio and the expected cash flow requirements of our life insurance, annuity and institutional product obligations.

       Certain remote events and circumstances could constrain our liquidity. Those events and circumstances include, for example, a catastrophe resulting in extraordinary losses, a downgrade in our long-term debt rating of A3, A- and a- (from Moody's, S&P and A.M. Best, respectively) to non-investment grade status of below Baa3/BBB-/bb, a downgrade in AIC's financial strength rating from Aa3, AA- and A+ (from Moody's, S&P and A.M. Best, respectively) to below Baa2/BBB/A-, or a downgrade in ALIC's financial strength ratings from A1, A+ and A+ (from Moody's, S&P and A.M. Best, respectively) to below A3/A-/A-. The rating agencies also consider the interdependence of our individually rated entities; therefore, a rating change in one entity could potentially affect the ratings of other related entities.

       The following table summarizes consolidated cash flow activities by business segment.

($ in millions)
  Property-Liability (1)   Allstate Financial (1)   Corporate and Other (1)   Consolidated  
 
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

Net cash provided by (used in):

                                                                         

Operating activities

  $ 1,373   $ 2,183   $ 1,746   $ 2,407   $ 2,196   $ 2,203   $ (91 ) $ (78 ) $ (39 ) $ 3,689   $ 4,301   $ 3,910  

Investing activities

    (44 )   (1,919 )   2,012     3,096     4,755     2,779     (720 )   604     (1,003 )   2,332     3,440     3,788  

Financing activities

    (8 )   (6 )   (16 )   (5,510 )   (7,246 )   (5,510 )   (553 )   (292 )   (2,179 )   (6,071 )   (7,544 )   (7,705 )
                                                                     

Net (decrease) increase in consolidated cash

                                                        $ (50 ) $ 197   $ (7 )
                                                                     

(1)
Business unit cash flows reflect the elimination of intersegment dividends, contributions and borrowings.

       Property-Liability    Lower cash provided by operating activities for Property-Liability in 2010 compared to 2009 was primarily due to income tax payments in 2010 compared to income tax refunds in 2009 and lower claim payments. Higher cash provided by operating activities for Property-Liability in 2009 compared to 2008 was primarily due to income tax refunds in 2009 compared to tax payments in 2008 and lower claim payments.

       Lower cash used in investing activities in 2010 compared to 2009 was primarily due to decreased net purchases of fixed income and equity securities and higher net sales of fixed income and equity securities, partially offset by net change in short-term investments. Cash used in investing activities in 2009 compared to cash provided by investing activities in 2008 was primarily due to increased net purchases of fixed income and equity securities, partially offset by net change in short-term investments.

119


       Allstate Financial    Operating cash flows for Allstate Financial in 2010 were higher than 2009 as higher premiums and tax refunds received were partially offset by lower investment income and higher contract benefits paid. Operating cash flows for Allstate Financial in 2009 were consistent with 2008 as higher income tax refunds and lower expenses were offset by lower net investment income. The increase in income tax refunds received in 2009 was related to the carryback of 2008 ordinary losses to prior tax years.

       Cash flows provided by investing activities in 2010 and 2009 were impacted by reductions of investments to fund reductions in contractholder fund liabilities.

       Lower cash flows used in financing activities in 2010 compared to 2009 were primarily due to decreased maturities and retirements of institutional products, partially offset by lower deposits on fixed annuities. Higher cash flows used in financing activities in 2009 compared to 2008 were primarily due to the absence of issuances of institutional products in 2009 compared to $4.16 billion in 2008 and lower deposits on fixed annuities, partially offset by lower maturities and retirements of institutional products. For quantification of the changes in contractholder funds, see the Allstate Financial Segment section of the MD&A.

       Corporate and Other    Fluctuations in the Corporate and Other operating cash flows were primarily due to the timing of intercompany settlements. Investing activities primarily relate to investments in the portfolios of Kennett Capital Holdings, LLC. Financing cash flows of the Corporate and Other segment reflect actions such as fluctuations in short-term debt, repayment of debt, proceeds from the issuance of debt, dividends to shareholders of The Allstate Corporation and share repurchases; therefore, financing cash flows are affected when we increase or decrease the level of these activities.

       Contractual obligations and commitments    Our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2010 and the payments due by period are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  Total   Less than
1 year
  1-3 years   4-5 years   Over
5 years
 

Liabilities for collateral (1)

  $ 484   $ 484   $   $   $  

Contractholder funds (2)

    57,525     8,761     14,232     9,310     25,222  

Reserve for life-contingent contract benefits (2)

    38,070     1,413     2,711     2,587     31,359  

Long-term debt (3)

    12,443     403     1,280     1,530     9,230  

Capital lease obligations (3)

    45     7     15     8     15  

Operating leases (3)

    632     199     260     109     64  

Unconditional purchase obligations (3)

    322     118     157     40     7  

Defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans (3)(4)

    3,035     299     266     274     2,196  

Reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense (5)

    19,468     8,388     5,886     2,224     2,970  

Other liabilities and accrued expenses (6)(7)

    3,351     3,076     202     43     30  

Net unrecognized tax benefits (8)

    25     25              
                       

Total contractual cash obligations

  $ 135,400   $ 23,173   $ 25,009   $ 16,125   $ 71,093  
                       

(1)
Liabilities for collateral are typically fully secured with cash or short-term investments. We manage our short-term liquidity position to ensure the availability of a sufficient amount of liquid assets to extinguish short-term liabilities as they come due in the normal course of business, including utilizing potential sources of liquidity as disclosed previously.
(2)
Contractholder funds represent interest-bearing liabilities arising from the sale of products such as interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities, including immediate annuities without life contingencies, bank deposits and institutional products. The reserve for life-contingent contract benefits relates primarily to traditional life insurance, immediate annuities with life contingencies and voluntary accident and health insurance. These amounts reflect the present value of estimated cash payments to be made to contractholders and policyholders. Certain of these contracts, such as immediate annuities without life contingencies and institutional products, involve payment obligations where the amount and timing of the payment is essentially fixed and determinable. These amounts relate to (i) policies or contracts where we are currently making payments and will continue to do so and (ii) contracts where the timing of a portion or all of the payments has been determined by the contract. Other contracts, such as interest-sensitive life, fixed deferred annuities, traditional life insurance, immediate annuities with life contingencies and voluntary accident and health insurance, involve payment obligations where a portion or all of the amount and timing of future payments is uncertain. For these contracts and bank deposits, we are not currently making payments and will not make payments until (i) the occurrence of an insurable event such as death or illness or (ii) the occurrence of a payment triggering event such as the surrender or partial withdrawal on a policy or deposit contract, which is outside of our control. We have estimated the timing of payments related to these contracts based on historical experience and our expectation of future payment patterns. Uncertainties relating to these liabilities include mortality, morbidity, expenses, customer lapse and withdrawal activity, estimated additional deposits for interest-sensitive life contracts, and renewal premium for life policies, which may significantly impact both the

120


(3)
Our payment obligations relating to long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating leases, unconditional purchase obligations and pension and other post employment benefits ("OPEB") contributions are managed within the structure of our intermediate to long-term liquidity management program. Amount differs from the balance presented on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2010 because the long-term debt amount above includes interest.
(4)
The pension plans' obligations in the next 12 months represent our planned contributions, and the remaining years' contributions are projected based on the average remaining service period using the current underfunded status of the plans. The OPEB plans' obligations are estimated based on the expected benefits to be paid. These liabilities are discounted with respect to interest, and as a result the sum of the cash outflows shown for all years in the table exceeds the corresponding liability amount of $1.57 billion included in other liabilities and accrued expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
(5)
Reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense is an estimate of amounts necessary to settle all outstanding claims, including claims that have been IBNR as of the balance sheet date. We have estimated the timing of these payments based on our historical experience and our expectation of future payment patterns. However, the timing of these payments may vary significantly from the amounts shown above, especially for IBNR claims. The ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded amounts which are our best estimates. The reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense includes loss reserves related to asbestos and environmental claims as of December 31, 2010, of $1.66 billion and $248 million, respectively.
(6)
Other liabilities primarily include accrued expenses and certain benefit obligations and claim payments and other checks outstanding. Certain of these long-term liabilities are discounted with respect to interest, as a result the sum of the cash outflows shown for all years in the table exceeds the corresponding liability amount of $3.34 billion.
(7)
Balance sheet liabilities not included in the table above include unearned and advance premiums of $10.59 billion and deferred tax liabilities of $1.71 billion netted in the net deferred tax asset of $784 million. These items were excluded as they do not meet the definition of a contractual liability as we are not contractually obligated to pay these amounts to third parties. Rather, they represent an accounting mechanism that allows us to present our financial statements on an accrual basis. In addition, other liabilities of $461 million were not included in the table above because they did not represent a contractual obligation or the amount and timing of their eventual payment was sufficiently uncertain.
(8)
Net unrecognized tax benefits represent our potential future obligation to the taxing authority for a tax position that was not recognized in the consolidated financial statements. We believe it is reasonably possible that the liability balance will be reduced by $25 million within the next twelve months upon the resolution of an outstanding issue resulting from the 2005-2006 Internal Revenue Service examination. The resolution of this obligation may be for an amount different than what we have accrued.

       Our contractual commitments as of December 31, 2010 and the periods in which the commitments expire are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  Total   Less than
1 year
  1-3 years   4-5 years   Over
5 years
 

Other commitments – conditional

  $ 196   $ 144   $ 1   $ 3   $ 48  

Other commitments – unconditional

    1,472     215     665     449     143  
                       

Total commitments

  $ 1,668   $ 359   $ 666   $ 452   $ 191  
                       

       Contractual commitments represent investment commitments such as private placements, limited partnership interests and other loans.

       We have agreements in place for services we conduct, generally at cost, between subsidiaries relating to insurance, reinsurance, loans and capitalization. All material intercompany transactions have appropriately been eliminated in consolidation. Intercompany transactions among insurance subsidiaries and affiliates have been approved by the appropriate departments of insurance as required.

       For a more detailed discussion of our off-balance sheet arrangements, see Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements.

ENTERPRISE RISK AND RETURN MANAGEMENT

       Enterprise Risk and Return Management's ("ERRM") role is to support Allstate's continued financial health and success. ERRM is a disciplined, holistic, integrated and interactive approach to risk that:

       At Allstate, we have ERRM programs, risk committees and control structures to manage our enterprise portfolio of risk and return. These programs include governance policies with established tolerances and risk limits, Board and

121



senior management involvement, enterprise modeling, risk-return analytics and communication and reporting. Our perspective of risk, return and capital needs promotes capital and financial management.

       Allstate's senior management risk committee, the Enterprise Risk & Return Council, drives ERRM by establishing enterprise risk tolerance and risk-return requirements and directing integrated strategies and actions from a holistic enterprise perspective. Allstate's Board of Directors and Audit Committee provide ERRM oversight by reviewing enterprise principles, guidelines and limits for Allstate's significant risks and by monitoring strategies and actions management has taken to control these risks.

       Managers, risk professionals and chief risk officers in the various business units design and execute individual risk-return strategies that align with our overall enterprise standards. These include managing exposure to hurricanes and other severe weather events; managing impacts to invested assets and liabilities related to changes in risk-free interest rates, credit spreads, and equity markets; optimizing liquidity levels in light of changing market, economic and business conditions; and implementing practices to effectively identify, monitor and control operational and strategic risks.

       Our comprehensive enterprise stochastic model captures the unique and specific nature and interaction of risks inherent in our various businesses and serves as the foundation of our economic capital framework. We determine an appropriate level of enterprise economic capital to hold considering a broad range of risk perspectives, including capital stress scenarios, risks of financial distress and insolvency, volatility, shareholder value, rating agency constraints and regulatory RBC requirements. Strategic allocation of economic capital to lines of business is based on contribution to enterprise risk, expected return and diversification benefit, and is used for ongoing evaluation of business units and products.

       We adapt our ERRM processes to be fluid and dynamic in changing business and market environments and evolve our risk strategies to target return opportunities as they arise. For continuous ERRM validation and improvement, we benchmark and secure external perspectives on our processes.

REGULATION AND LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

       We are subject to extensive regulation and we are involved in various legal and regulatory actions, all of which have an effect on specific aspects of our business. For a detailed discussion of the legal and regulatory actions in which we are involved, see Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements.

PENDING ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

       There are several pending accounting standards that we have not implemented either because the standard has not been finalized or the implementation date has not yet occurred. For a discussion of these pending standards, see Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements.

       The effect of implementing certain accounting standards on our financial results and financial condition is often based in part on market conditions at the time of implementation of the standard and other factors we are unable to determine prior to implementation. For this reason, we are sometimes unable to estimate the effect of certain pending accounting standards until the relevant authoritative body finalizes these standards or until we implement them.

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

       Information required for Item 7A is incorporated by reference to the material under the caption "Market Risk" in Part II, Item 7 of this report.

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 
  Page

Consolidated Statements of Operations

  123

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

  124

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

  125

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity

  126

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

  127

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Notes)

 
128

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 
207

122



THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

($ in millions, except per share data)
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Revenues

                   
 

Property-liability insurance premiums (net of reinsurance ceded of $1,092, $1,056 and $1,139)

  $ 25,957   $ 26,194   $ 26,967  
 

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges (net of reinsurance ceded of $804, $838 and $900)

    2,168     1,958     1,895  
 

Net investment income

    4,102     4,444     5,622  
 

Realized capital gains and losses:

                   
   

Total other-than-temporary impairment losses

    (937 )   (2,376 )   (3,735 )
   

Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income

    (64 )   457      
               
     

Net other-than-temporary impairment loss recognized in earnings

    (1,001 )   (1,919 )   (3,735 )
   

Sales and other realized capital gains and losses

    174     1,336     (1,355 )
               
     

Total realized capital gains and losses

    (827 )   (583 )   (5,090 )
               

    31,400     32,013     29,394  
               

Costs and expenses

                   
 

Property-liability insurance claims and claims expense (net of reinsurance ceded of $271, $415 and $620)

    18,951     18,746     20,064  
 

Life and annuity contract benefits (net of reinsurance ceded of $702, $642 and $1,150)

    1,815     1,617     1,612  
 

Interest credited to contractholder funds (net of reinsurance ceded of $32, $32 and $43)

    1,807     2,126     2,411  
 

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs

    4,034     4,754     4,679  
 

Operating costs and expenses

    3,281     3,007     3,273  
 

Restructuring and related charges

    30     130     23  
 

Interest expense

    367     392     351  
               

    30,285     30,772     32,413  
               

Gain (loss) on disposition of operations

    11     7     (6 )
               

Income (loss) from operations before income tax expense (benefit)

   
1,126
   
1,248
   
(3,025

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

   
198
   
394
   
(1,346

)
               

Net income (loss)

 
$

928
 
$

854
 
$

(1,679

)
               

Earnings per share:

                   

Net income (loss) per share – Basic

  $ 1.72   $ 1.58   $ (3.06 )
               

Weighted average shares – Basic

    540.3     539.6     548.3  
               

Net income (loss) per share – Diluted

  $ 1.71   $ 1.58   $ (3.06 )
               

Weighted average shares – Diluted

    542.5     540.9     548.3  
               

Cash dividends declared per share

  $ 0.80   $ 0.80   $ 1.64  
               

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

123



THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

($ in millions)
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Net income (loss)

  $ 928   $ 854   $ (1,679 )

Other comprehensive income (loss), after-tax

                   

Changes in:

                   
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses

   
1,785
   
3,446
   
(4,626

)
 

Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments

   
23
   
41
   
(74

)
 

Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost

   
94
   
(214

)
 
(724

)
               

Other comprehensive income (loss), after-tax

   
1,902
   
3,273
   
(5,424

)
               

Comprehensive income (loss)

 
$

2,830
 
$

4,127
 
$

(7,103

)
               

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

124



THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

($ in millions, except par value data)
  December 31,  
 
  2010   2009  

Assets

             

Investments

             
 

Fixed income securities, at fair value (amortized cost $78,786 and $81,243)

  $ 79,612   $ 78,766  
 

Equity securities, at fair value (cost $4,228 and $4,845)

    4,811     5,024  
 

Mortgage loans

    6,679     7,935  
 

Limited partnership interests

    3,816     2,744  
 

Short-term, at fair value (amortized cost $3,279 and $3,056)

    3,279     3,056  
 

Other

    2,286     2,308  
           
   

Total investments

    100,483     99,833  

Cash

   
562
   
612
 

Premium installment receivables, net

    4,839     4,839  

Deferred policy acquisition costs

    4,769     5,470  

Reinsurance recoverables, net

    6,552     6,355  

Accrued investment income

    809     864  

Deferred income taxes

    784     1,870  

Property and equipment, net

    921     990  

Goodwill

    874     875  

Other assets

    1,605     1,872  

Separate Accounts

    8,676     9,072  
           
     

Total assets

  $ 130,874   $ 132,652  
           

Liabilities

             

Reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense

  $ 19,468   $ 19,167  

Reserve for life-contingent contract benefits

    13,482     12,910  

Contractholder funds

    48,195     52,582  

Unearned premiums

    9,800     9,822  

Claim payments outstanding

    737     742  

Other liabilities and accrued expenses

    5,564     5,726  

Long-term debt

    5,908     5,910  

Separate Accounts

    8,676     9,072  
           
     

Total liabilities

    111,830     115,931  
           

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities (Note 6, 7 and 13)

             

Equity

             

Preferred stock, $1 par value, 25 million shares authorized, none issued

         

Common stock, $.01 par value, 2.0 billion shares authorized and 900 million issued, 533 million and 537 million shares outstanding

    9     9  

Additional capital paid-in

    3,176     3,172  

Retained income

    31,969     31,492  

Deferred ESOP expense

    (44 )   (47 )

Treasury stock, at cost (367 million and 363 million shares)

    (15,910 )   (15,828 )

Accumulated other comprehensive income:

             
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses:

             
   

Unrealized net capital losses on fixed income securities with OTTI

    (190 )   (441 )
   

Other unrealized net capital gains and losses

    1,089     (1,072 )
   

Unrealized adjustment to DAC, DSI and insurance reserves

    36     643  
           
     

Total unrealized net capital gains and losses

    935     (870 )
 

Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments

    69     46  
 

Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost

    (1,188 )   (1,282 )
           
     

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss

    (184 )   (2,106 )
           
     

Total shareholders' equity

    19,016     16,692  

Noncontrolling interest

    28     29  
           
     

Total equity

    19,044     16,721  
           
     

Total liabilities and equity

  $ 130,874   $ 132,652  
           

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

125



THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

($ in millions, except per share data)
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock

  $ 9   $ 9   $ 9  
               

Additional capital paid-in

                   

Balance, beginning of year

    3,172     3,130     3,052  

Equity incentive plans activity

    4     42     78  
               

Balance, end of year

    3,176     3,172     3,130  
               

Retained income

                   

Balance, beginning of year

    31,492     30,207     32,796  

Net income (loss)

    928     854     (1,679 )

Dividends ($0.80, $0.80 and $1.64 per share)

    (433 )   (432 )   (897 )

Effects of changing pension plan measurement date

            (13 )

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

    (18 )   863      
               

Balance, end of year

    31,969     31,492     30,207  
               

Deferred ESOP expense

                   

Balance, beginning of year

    (47 )   (49 )   (55 )

Payments

    3     2     6  
               

Balance, end of year

    (44 )   (47 )   (49 )
               

Treasury stock

                   

Balance, beginning of year

    (15,828 )   (15,855 )   (14,574 )

Shares acquired

    (166 )   (3 )   (1,323 )

Shares reissued under equity incentive plans, net

    84     30     42  
               

Balance, end of year

    (15,910 )   (15,828 )   (15,855 )
               

Accumulated other comprehensive income

                   

Balance, beginning of year

    (2,106 )   (4,801 )   623  

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

    20     (578 )    

Change in unrealized net capital gains and losses

    1,785     3,446     (4,626 )

Change in unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments

    23     41     (74 )

Change in unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost

    94     (214 )   (724 )
               

Balance, end of year

    (184 )   (2,106 )   (4,801 )
               

Total shareholders' equity

    19,016     16,692     12,641  
               

Noncontrolling interest

                   

Balance, beginning of year

    29     32     51  

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

    10          

Change in noncontrolling interest ownership

    (14 )   (3 )   (19 )

Noncontrolling gain

    3          
               

Balance, end of year

    28     29     32  
               

                   

Total Equity

  $ 19,044   $ 16,721   $ 12,673  
               

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

126



THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

($ in millions)
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Cash flows from operating activities

                   

Net income (loss)

  $ 928   $ 854   $ (1,679 )

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

                   
 

Depreciation, amortization and other non-cash items

    94     (91 )   (376 )
 

Realized capital gains and losses

    827     583     5,090  
 

(Gain) loss on disposition of operations

    (11 )   (7 )   6  
 

Interest credited to contractholder funds

    1,807     2,126     2,411  
 

Changes in:

                   
   

Policy benefits and other insurance reserves

    238     (577 )   626  
   

Unearned premiums

    (40 )   (247 )   (359 )
   

Deferred policy acquisition costs

    (94 )   514     141  
   

Premium installment receivables, net

    10     26     18  
   

Reinsurance recoverables, net

    (265 )   (85 )   (269 )
   

Income taxes

    200     1,660     (1,864 )
   

Other operating assets and liabilities

    (5 )   (455 )   165  
               
     

Net cash provided by operating activities

    3,689     4,301     3,910  
               

Cash flows from investing activities

                   

Proceeds from sales

                   
 

Fixed income securities

    22,881     21,359     22,936  
 

Equity securities

    4,349     6,894     9,535  
 

Limited partnership interests

    505     369     371  
 

Mortgage loans

    124     340     279  
 

Other investments

    121     520     171  

Investment collections

                   
 

Fixed income securities

    5,147     5,556     4,269  
 

Mortgage loans

    1,076     1,764     844  
 

Other investments

    137     117     98  

Investment purchases

                   
 

Fixed income securities

    (25,745 )   (29,573 )   (14,448 )
 

Equity securities

    (3,564 )   (8,496 )   (9,477 )
 

Limited partnership interests

    (1,342 )   (784 )   (982 )
 

Mortgage loans

    (120 )   (26 )   (500 )
 

Other investments

    (181 )   (64 )   (140 )

Change in short-term investments, net

    (382 )   5,981     (8,283 )

Change in other investments, net

    (519 )   (340 )   (474 )

Disposition (acquisition) of operations

    7     12     (120 )

Purchases of property and equipment, net

    (162 )   (189 )   (291 )
               
     

Net cash provided by investing activities

    2,332     3,440     3,788  
               

Cash flows from financing activities

                   

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt

        1,003     20  

Repayment of long-term debt

    (2 )   (752 )   (1 )

Contractholder fund deposits

    2,980     4,150     9,984  

Contractholder fund withdrawals

    (8,470 )   (11,406 )   (15,480 )

Dividends paid

    (430 )   (542 )   (889 )

Treasury stock purchases

    (152 )   (4 )   (1,323 )

Shares reissued under equity incentive plans, net

    28     3     33  

Excess tax benefits on share-based payment arrangements

    (7 )   (5 )   3  

Other

    (18 )   9     (52 )
               
     

Net cash used in financing activities

    (6,071 )   (7,544 )   (7,705 )
               

Net (decrease) increase in cash

    (50 )   197     (7 )

Cash at beginning of year

    612     415     422  
               

Cash at end of year

  $ 562   $ 612   $ 415  
               

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.    General

Basis of presentation

       The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The Allstate Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries, primarily Allstate Insurance Company ("AIC"), a property-liability insurance company with various property-liability and life and investment subsidiaries, including Allstate Life Insurance Company ("ALIC") (collectively referred to as the "Company" or "Allstate"). These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

       To conform to the current year presentation, certain amounts in the prior years' consolidated financial statements and notes have been reclassified.

       The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Nature of operations

       Allstate is engaged, principally in the United States, in the property-liability insurance, life insurance, retirement and investment product business. Allstate's primary business is the sale of private passenger auto and homeowners insurance. The Company also sells several other personal property and casualty insurance products, life insurance, annuities, voluntary accident and health insurance, funding agreements, and select commercial property and casualty coverages. Allstate primarily distributes its products through exclusive agencies, financial specialists and independent agencies. Certain products are also sold through call centers and the internet.

       The Allstate Protection segment principally sells private passenger auto and homeowners insurance, with earned premiums accounting for 83% of Allstate's 2010 consolidated revenues. Allstate was the country's second largest insurer for both private passenger auto and homeowners insurance as of December 31, 2009. Allstate Protection, through several companies, is authorized to sell certain property-liability products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. The Company is also authorized to sell certain insurance products in Canada. For 2010, the top geographic locations for premiums earned by the Allstate Protection segment were New York, California, Texas, Florida and Pennsylvania. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5% of premiums earned for Allstate Protection.

       Allstate has exposure to catastrophes, an inherent risk of the property-liability insurance business, which have contributed, and will continue to contribute, to material year-to-year fluctuations in the Company's results of operations and financial position (see Note 7). The nature and level of catastrophic loss caused by natural events (high winds, winter storms, tornadoes, hailstorms, wildfires, tropical storms, hurricanes, earthquakes and volcanoes) and man-made events (terrorism and industrial accidents) experienced in any period cannot be predicted and could be material to results of operations and financial position. The Company considers the greatest areas of potential catastrophe losses due to hurricanes to generally be major metropolitan centers in counties along the eastern and gulf coasts of the United States. The Company considers the greatest areas of potential catastrophe losses due to earthquakes and fires following earthquakes to be major metropolitan areas near fault lines in the states of California, Oregon, Washington, South Carolina, Missouri, Kentucky and Tennessee. The Company also has exposure to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims (see Note 13).

       The Allstate Financial segment sells life insurance, retirement and investment products and voluntary accident and health insurance. The principal individual products are interest-sensitive, traditional and variable life insurance; fixed annuities; and voluntary accident and health insurance. The institutional product line, which the Company offers on an opportunistic basis, consists primarily of funding agreements sold to unaffiliated trusts that use them to back medium-term notes issued to institutional and individual investors. Banking products and services have been offered to customers through the Allstate Bank. On February 8, 2011, the Company announced that they reached an agreement to sell substantially all of the deposits of Allstate Bank to Discover Bank and plan to enter into a multi-year distribution and marketing agreement whereby Discover Bank will provide banking products and services to Allstate customers in the future. Allstate Financial does not intend to originate banking products or services after the transaction closes, which is expected to be by mid-year 2011, pending regulatory approval.

       Allstate Financial, through several companies, is authorized to sell life insurance and retirement products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam. For 2010, the top geographic locations for statutory premiums and annuity considerations for the Allstate Financial segment were California, Florida, Texas, New York and Nebraska. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5% of statutory premiums and annuity considerations for Allstate Financial. Allstate Financial distributes its products to individuals through multiple

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distribution channels, including Allstate exclusive agencies, which include exclusive financial specialists, independent agents (including master brokerage agencies and workplace enrolling agents), and specialized structured settlement brokers.

       Allstate has exposure to market risk as a result of its investment portfolio. Market risk is the risk that the Company will incur realized and unrealized net capital losses due to adverse changes in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, commodity prices, or currency exchange rates. The Company's primary market risk exposures are to changes in interest rates, credit spreads and equity prices. Interest rate risk is the risk that the Company will incur a loss due to adverse changes in interest rates relative to the interest rate characteristics of its interest bearing assets and liabilities. This risk arises from many of the Company's primary activities, as it invests substantial funds in interest-sensitive assets and issues interest-sensitive liabilities. Interest rate risk includes risks related to changes in U.S. Treasury yields and other key risk-free reference yields. Credit spread risk is the risk that the Company will incur a loss due to adverse changes in credit spreads. This risk arises from many of the Company's primary activities, as the Company invests substantial funds in spread-sensitive fixed income assets. Equity price risk is the risk that the Company will incur losses due to adverse changes in the general levels of the equity markets.

       The Company monitors economic and regulatory developments that have the potential to impact its business. The ability of banks to affiliate with insurers may have a material adverse effect on all of the Company's product lines by substantially increasing the number, size and financial strength of potential competitors. Furthermore, federal and state laws and regulations affect the taxation of insurance companies and life insurance and annuity products. Congress from time to time considers legislation that would reduce or eliminate the favorable policyholder tax treatment currently applicable to life insurance and annuities. Congress also considers proposals to reduce the taxation of certain products or investments that may compete with life insurance or annuities. Legislation that increases the taxation on insurance products or reduces the taxation on competing products could lessen the advantage or create a disadvantage for certain of the Company's products making them less competitive. Such proposals, if adopted, could have an adverse effect on the Company's financial position or Allstate Financial's ability to sell such products and could result in the surrender of some existing contracts and policies. In addition, changes in the federal estate tax laws could negatively affect the demand for the types of life insurance used in estate planning.

2.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Investments

       Fixed income securities include bonds, residential mortgage-backed securities ("RMBS"), commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS"), asset-backed securities ("ABS") and redeemable preferred stocks. Fixed income securities, which may be sold prior to their contractual maturity, are designated as available for sale and are carried at fair value. The difference between amortized cost and fair value, net of deferred income taxes, certain life and annuity deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC"), certain deferred sales inducement costs ("DSI") and certain reserves for life-contingent contract benefits, is reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Cash received from calls, principal payments and make-whole payments is reflected as a component of proceeds from sales and cash received from maturities and pay-downs is reflected as a component of investment collections within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

       Equity securities primarily include common stocks, exchange traded funds, non-redeemable preferred stocks and real estate investment trust equity investments. Equity securities are designated as available for sale and are carried at fair value. The difference between cost and fair value, net of deferred income taxes, is reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.

       Mortgage loans are carried at outstanding principal balances, net of unamortized premium or discount and valuation allowances. Valuation allowances are established for impaired loans when it is probable that contractual principal and interest will not be collected. Valuation allowances for impaired loans reduce the carrying value to the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell or the present value of the loan's expected future repayment cash flows discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate.

       Investments in limited partnership interests, including interests in private equity/debt funds, real estate funds, hedge funds and tax credit funds, where the Company's interest is so minor that it exercises virtually no influence over operating and financial policies, are accounted for in accordance with the cost method of accounting; otherwise, investments in limited partnership interests are accounted for in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

       Short-term investments, including money market funds, commercial paper and other short-term investments, are carried at fair value. Other investments consist primarily of policy loans, derivatives and bank loans. Policy loans are carried at the unpaid principal balances and were $1.14 billion and $1.13 billion as of December 31, 2010 and 2009,

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respectively. Derivatives are carried at fair value. Bank loans are primarily senior secured corporate loans and are carried at amortized cost.

       Investment income consists primarily of interest, dividends, income from certain limited partnership interests and income from certain derivative transactions. Interest is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective yield method and dividends are recorded at the ex-dividend date. Interest income for certain RMBS, CMBS and ABS is determined considering estimated principal repayments obtained from third party data sources and internal estimates. Actual prepayment experience is periodically reviewed and effective yields are recalculated when differences arise between the prepayments originally anticipated and the actual prepayments received and currently anticipated. For beneficial interests in securitized financial assets not of high credit quality, the effective yield is recalculated on a prospective basis. For all other RMBS, CMBS and ABS, the effective yield is recalculated on a retrospective basis. For other-than-temporarily impaired fixed income securities, the effective yield method utilizes the difference between the amortized cost basis at impairment and the cash flows expected to be collected. Accrual of income is suspended for other-than-temporarily impaired fixed income securities when the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be received is not reasonably estimable. Accrual of income is suspended for mortgage loans and bank loans that are in default or when full and timely collection of principal and interest payments is not probable. Cash receipts on investments on nonaccrual status are generally recorded as a reduction of carrying value. Income from investments in limited partnership interests accounted for utilizing the cost method of accounting is recognized upon receipt of amounts distributed by the partnerships as investment income. Subsequent to October 1, 2008, income from investments in limited partnership interests accounted for utilizing the equity method of accounting ("EMA limited partnerships") is reported in realized capital gains and losses.

       Realized capital gains and losses include gains and losses on investment sales, write-downs in value due to other-than-temporary declines in fair value, adjustments to valuation allowances on mortgage loans, periodic changes in the fair value and settlements of certain derivatives including hedge ineffectiveness, and income from EMA limited partnerships. Realized capital gains and losses on investment sales include calls and prepayments and are determined on a specific identification basis. Income from EMA limited partnerships is recognized based on the financial results of the partnership and the Company's proportionate investment interest, and is recognized on a delay due to the availability of the related financial statements. Income recognition on hedge funds is generally on a one month delay and income recognition on private equity/debt funds, real estate funds and tax credit funds is generally on a three month delay.

       The Company recognizes other-than-temporary impairment losses on fixed income securities in earnings when a security's fair value is less than its amortized cost and the Company has made the decision to sell or it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the fixed income security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Additionally, if the Company does not expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of a fixed income security, the credit loss component of the impairment is recorded in earnings, with the remaining amount of the unrealized loss related to other factors recognized in other comprehensive income ("OCI"). The Company recognizes other-than-temporary impairment losses on equity securities in earnings when the decline in fair value is considered other than temporary including when the Company does not have the intent and ability to hold the equity security for a period of time sufficient to recover its cost basis.

Derivative and embedded derivative financial instruments

       Derivative financial instruments include interest rate swaps, credit default swaps, futures (interest rate, equity and commodity), options (including swaptions), interest rate caps and floors, warrants and rights, forward contracts to hedge foreign currency risk, certain investment risk transfer reinsurance agreements, forward sale commitments and certain bond forward purchase commitments. Derivatives required to be separated from the host instrument and accounted for as derivative financial instruments ("subject to bifurcation") are embedded in certain fixed income securities, equity-indexed life and annuity contracts, reinsured variable annuity contracts and certain funding agreements (see Note 6).

       All derivatives are accounted for on a fair value basis and reported as other investments, other assets, other liabilities and accrued expenses or contractholder funds. Embedded derivative instruments subject to bifurcation are also accounted for on a fair value basis and are reported together with the host contract. The change in fair value of derivatives embedded in certain fixed income securities and subject to bifurcation is reported in realized capital gains and losses. The change in fair value of derivatives embedded in life and annuity product contracts and subject to bifurcation is reported in life and annuity contract benefits or interest credited to contractholder funds. Cash flows from embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation and derivatives receiving hedge accounting are reported consistently with the host contracts and hedged risks, respectively, within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Cash flows from other derivatives are reported in cash flows from investing activities within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

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       When derivatives meet specific criteria, they may be designated as accounting hedges and accounted for as fair value, cash flow, foreign currency fair value or foreign currency cash flow hedges. The hedged item may be either all or a specific portion of a recognized asset, liability or an unrecognized firm commitment attributable to a particular risk for fair value hedges. At the inception of the hedge, the Company formally documents the hedging relationship and risk management objective and strategy. The documentation identifies the hedging instrument, the hedged item, the nature of the risk being hedged and the methodology used to assess the effectiveness of the hedging instrument in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item's fair value attributable to the hedged risk. For a cash flow hedge, this documentation includes the exposure to changes in the variability in cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. The Company does not exclude any component of the change in fair value of the hedging instrument from the effectiveness assessment. At each reporting date, the Company confirms that the hedging instrument continues to be highly effective in offsetting the hedged risk. Ineffectiveness in fair value hedges and cash flow hedges, if any, is reported in realized capital gains and losses.

       Fair value hedges    For hedging instruments used in fair value hedges, when the hedged items are investment assets or a portion thereof, the change in fair value of the derivatives is reported in net investment income, together with the change in the fair value of the hedged items. The change in fair value of hedging instruments used in fair value hedges of contractholder funds liabilities or a portion thereof is reported in interest credited to contractholder funds, together with the change in the fair value of the hedged items. Accrued periodic settlements on swaps are reported together with the changes in fair value of the swaps in net investment income or interest credited to contractholder funds. The amortized cost for fixed income securities, the carrying value for mortgage loans or the carrying value of the hedged liability is adjusted for the change in the fair value of the hedged risk.

       Cash flow hedges    For hedging instruments used in cash flow hedges, the changes in fair value of the derivatives representing the effective portion of the hedge are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income. Amounts are reclassified to net investment income, realized capital gains and losses or interest expense as the hedged or forecasted transaction affects net income. Accrued periodic settlements on derivatives used in cash flow hedges are reported in net investment income. The amount reported in accumulated other comprehensive income for a hedged transaction is limited to the lesser of the cumulative gain or loss on the derivative less the amount reclassified to net income, or the cumulative gain or loss on the derivative needed to offset the cumulative change in the expected future cash flows on the hedged transaction from inception of the hedge less the derivative gain or loss previously reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to net income. If the Company expects at any time that the loss reported in accumulated other comprehensive income would lead to a net loss on the combination of the hedging instrument and the hedged transaction which may not be recoverable, a loss is recognized immediately in realized capital gains and losses. If an impairment loss is recognized on an asset or an additional obligation is incurred on a liability involved in a hedge transaction, any offsetting gain in accumulated other comprehensive income is reclassified and reported together with the impairment loss or recognition of the obligation.

       Termination of hedge accounting    If, subsequent to entering into a hedge transaction, the derivative becomes ineffective (including if the hedged item is sold or otherwise extinguished, the occurrence of a hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable or the hedged asset becomes other-than-temporarily impaired), the Company may terminate the derivative position. The Company may also terminate derivative instruments or redesignate them as non-hedge as a result of other events or circumstances. If the derivative instrument is not terminated when a fair value hedge is no longer effective, the future gains and losses recognized on the derivative are reported in realized capital gains and losses. When a fair value hedge is no longer effective, is redesignated as non-hedge or when the derivative has been terminated, the fair value gain or loss on the hedged asset, liability or portion thereof which has already been recognized in income while the hedge was in place and used to adjust the amortized cost for fixed income securities, the carrying value for mortgage loans or the carrying value of the hedged liability, is amortized over the remaining life of the hedged asset, liability or portion thereof, and reflected in net investment income or interest credited to contractholder funds beginning in the period that hedge accounting is no longer applied. If the hedged item in a fair value hedge is an asset which has become other-than-temporarily impaired, the adjustment made to the amortized cost for fixed income securities or the carrying value for mortgage loans is subject to the accounting policies applied to other-than-temporarily impaired assets.

       When a derivative instrument used in a cash flow hedge of an existing asset or liability is no longer effective or is terminated, the gain or loss recognized on the derivative is reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to net income as the hedged risk impacts net income. If the derivative instrument is not terminated when a cash flow hedge is no longer effective, the future gains and losses recognized on the derivative are reported in realized capital gains and losses. When a derivative instrument used in a cash flow hedge of a forecasted transaction is terminated because it is probable the forecasted transaction will not occur, the gain or loss recognized on the derivative is

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immediately reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to realized capital gains and losses in the period that hedge accounting is no longer applied.

       Non-hedge derivative financial instruments    The Company has certain derivatives for which hedge accounting is not applied. The income statement effects, including fair value gains and losses and accrued periodic settlements, of these derivatives are reported on the Consolidated Statements of Operations either in realized capital gains and losses or in a single line item together with the results of the associated asset or liability for which risks are being managed.

Securities loaned

       The Company's business activities include securities lending transactions, which are used primarily to generate net investment income. The proceeds received in conjunction with securities lending transactions are reinvested in short-term investments or fixed income securities. These transactions are short-term in nature, usually 30 days or less.

       The Company receives cash collateral for securities loaned in an amount generally equal to 102% and 105% of the fair value of domestic and foreign securities, respectively, and records the related obligations to return the collateral in other liabilities and accrued expenses. The carrying value of these obligations approximates fair value because of their relatively short-term nature. The Company monitors the market value of securities loaned on a daily basis and obtains additional collateral as necessary under the terms of the agreements to mitigate counterparty credit risk. The Company maintains the right and ability to redeem the securities loaned on short notice. Substantially all of the Company's securities loaned are placed with large banks.

Recognition of premium revenues and contract charges, and related benefits and interest credited

       Property-liability premiums are deferred and earned on a pro-rata basis over the terms of the policies, typically periods of six or twelve months. The portion of premiums written applicable to the unexpired terms of the policies is recorded as unearned premiums. Premium installment receivables, net, represent premiums written and not yet collected, net of an allowance for uncollectible premiums. The Company regularly evaluates premium installment receivables and adjusts its valuation allowance as appropriate. The valuation allowance for uncollectible premium installment receivables was $75 million and $77 million as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       Traditional life insurance products consist principally of products with fixed and guaranteed premiums and benefits, primarily term and whole life insurance products. Premiums from these products are recognized as revenue when due from policyholders. Benefits are reflected in life and annuity contract benefits and recognized in relation to premiums, so that profits are recognized over the life of the policy.

       Immediate annuities with life contingencies, including certain structured settlement annuities, provide insurance protection over a period that extends beyond the period during which premiums are collected. Premiums from these products are recognized as revenue when received at the inception of the contract. Benefits and expenses are recognized in relation to premiums. Profits from these policies come from investment income, which is recognized over the life of the contract.

       Interest-sensitive life contracts, such as universal life and single premium life, are insurance contracts whose terms are not fixed and guaranteed. The terms that may be changed include premiums paid by the contractholder, interest credited to the contractholder account balance and contract charges assessed against the contractholder account balance. Premiums from these contracts are reported as contractholder fund deposits. Contract charges consist of fees assessed against the contractholder account balance for the cost of insurance (mortality risk), contract administration and surrender of the contract prior to contractually specified dates. These contract charges are recognized as revenue when assessed against the contractholder account balance. Life and annuity contract benefits include life-contingent benefit payments in excess of the contractholder account balance.

       Contracts that do not subject the Company to significant risk arising from mortality or morbidity are referred to as investment contracts. Fixed annuities, including market value adjusted annuities, equity-indexed annuities and immediate annuities without life contingencies, and funding agreements (primarily backing medium-term notes) are considered investment contracts. Consideration received for such contracts is reported as contractholder fund deposits. Contract charges for investment contracts consist of fees assessed against the contractholder account balance for maintenance, administration and surrender of the contract prior to contractually specified dates, and are recognized when assessed against the contractholder account balance.

       Interest credited to contractholder funds represents interest accrued or paid on interest-sensitive life contracts and investment contracts. Crediting rates for certain fixed annuities and interest-sensitive life contracts are adjusted periodically by the Company to reflect current market conditions subject to contractually guaranteed minimum rates. Crediting rates for indexed annuities and indexed funding agreements are generally based on a specified interest rate index, such as LIBOR, or an equity index, such as the Standard & Poor's ("S&P") 500 Index. Interest credited also

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includes amortization of DSI expenses. DSI is amortized into interest credited using the same method used to amortize DAC.

       Contract charges for variable life and variable annuity products consist of fees assessed against the contractholder account balances for contract maintenance, administration, mortality, expense and surrender of the contract prior to contractually specified dates. Contract benefits incurred for variable annuity products include guaranteed minimum death, income, withdrawal and accumulation benefits. Substantially all of the Company's variable annuity business is ceded through reinsurance agreements and the contract charges and contract benefits related thereto are reported net of reinsurance ceded.

Deferred policy acquisition and sales inducement costs

       Costs that vary with and are primarily related to acquiring property-liability insurance, life insurance and investment contracts are deferred and recorded as DAC. These costs are principally agents' and brokers' remuneration, premium taxes, inspection costs, and certain underwriting and direct mail solicitation expenses. DSI costs, which are deferred and recorded as other assets, relate to sales inducements offered on sales to new customers, principally on annuity and interest-sensitive life contracts. These sales inducements are primarily in the form of additional credits to the customer's account balance or enhancements to interest credited for a specified period which are in excess of the rates currently being credited to similar contracts without sales inducements. All other acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and included in operating costs and expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. DAC associated with property-liability insurance is amortized into income as premiums are earned, typically over periods of six or twelve months, and is included in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Future investment income is considered in determining the recoverability of DAC. Amortization of DAC associated with life insurance and investment contracts is included in amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and is described in more detail below. DSI is amortized into income using the same methodology and assumptions as DAC and is included in interest credited to contractholder funds on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. DAC and DSI are periodically reviewed for recoverability and adjusted if necessary.

       For traditional life insurance, DAC is amortized over the premium paying period of the related policies in proportion to the estimated revenues on such business. Assumptions used in the amortization of DAC and reserve calculations are established at the time the policy is issued and are generally not revised during the life of the policy. Any deviations from projected business in force resulting from actual policy terminations differing from expected levels and any estimated premium deficiencies may result in a change to the rate of amortization in the period such events occur. Generally, the amortization periods for these policies approximates the estimated lives of the policies.

       For interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment contracts, DAC and DSI are amortized in proportion to the incidence of the total present value of gross profits, which includes both actual historical gross profits ("AGP") and estimated future gross profits ("EGP") expected to be earned over the estimated lives of the contracts. The amortization is net of interest on the prior period DAC balance using rates established at the inception of the contracts. Actual amortization periods generally range from 15-30 years; however, incorporating estimates of the rate of customer surrenders, partial withdrawals and deaths generally results in the majority of the DAC being amortized during the surrender charge period, which is typically 10-20 years for interest-sensitive life and 5-10 years for fixed annuities. The cumulative DAC and DSI amortization is reestimated and adjusted by a cumulative charge or credit to results of operations when there is a difference between the incidence of actual versus expected gross profits in a reporting period or when there is a change in total EGP. When DAC or DSI amortization or a component of gross profits for a quarterly period is potentially negative (which would result in an increase of the DAC or DSI balance) as a result of negative AGP, the specific facts and circumstances surrounding the potential negative amortization are considered to determine whether it is appropriate for recognition in the consolidated financial statements. Negative amortization is only recorded when the increased DAC or DSI balance is determined to be recoverable based on facts and circumstances. Recapitalization of DAC and DSI is limited to the originally deferred costs plus interest.

       AGP and EGP consist primarily of the following components: contract charges for the cost of insurance less mortality costs and other benefits; investment income and realized capital gains and losses less interest credited; and surrender and other contract charges less maintenance expenses. The principal assumptions for determining the amount of EGP are investment returns, including capital gains and losses on assets supporting contract liabilities, interest crediting rates to contractholders, and the effects of persistency, mortality, expenses, and hedges if applicable. For products whose supporting investments are exposed to capital losses in excess of the Company's expectations which may cause periodic AGP to become temporarily negative, EGP and AGP utilized in DAC and DSI amortization may be modified to exclude the excess capital losses.

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       The Company performs quarterly reviews of DAC and DSI recoverability for interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment contracts in the aggregate using current assumptions. If a change in the amount of EGP is significant, it could result in the unamortized DAC and DSI not being recoverable, resulting in a charge which is included as a component of amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs or interest credited to contractholder funds, respectively.

       The DAC and DSI balances presented include adjustments to reflect the amount by which the amortization of DAC and DSI would increase or decrease if the unrealized capital gains or losses in the respective product investment portfolios were actually realized. The adjustments are recorded net of tax in accumulated other comprehensive income. DAC, DSI and deferred income taxes determined on unrealized capital gains and losses and reported in accumulated other comprehensive income recognize the impact on shareholders' equity consistently with the amounts that would be recognized in the income statement on realized capital gains and losses.

       Customers of the Company may exchange one insurance policy or investment contract for another offered by the Company, or make modifications to an existing investment, life or property-liability contract issued by the Company. These transactions are identified as internal replacements for accounting purposes. Internal replacement transactions determined to result in replacement contracts that are substantially unchanged from the replaced contracts are accounted for as continuations of the replaced contracts. Unamortized DAC and DSI related to the replaced contracts continue to be deferred and amortized in connection with the replacement contracts. For interest-sensitive life insurance and investment contracts, the EGP of the replacement contracts are treated as a revision to the EGP of the replaced contracts in the determination of amortization of DAC and DSI. For traditional life and property-liability insurance policies, any changes to unamortized DAC that result from replacement contracts are treated as prospective revisions. Any costs associated with the issuance of replacement contracts are characterized as maintenance costs and expensed as incurred.

       Internal replacement transactions determined to result in a substantial change to the replaced contracts are accounted for as an extinguishment of the replaced contracts, and any unamortized DAC and DSI related to the replaced contracts are eliminated with a corresponding charge to amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs or interest credited to contractholder funds, respectively.

       The costs assigned to the right to receive future cash flows from certain business purchased from other insurers are also classified as DAC in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The costs capitalized represent the present value of future profits expected to be earned over the lives of the contracts acquired. These costs are amortized as profits emerge over the lives of the acquired business and are periodically evaluated for recoverability. The present value of future profits was $133 million and $158 million as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Amortization expense of the present value of future profits was $23 million, $28 million and $21 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Reinsurance

       In the normal course of business, the Company seeks to limit aggregate and single exposure to losses on large risks by purchasing reinsurance (see Note 9). The Company has also used reinsurance to effect the acquisition or disposition of certain blocks of business. The amounts reported in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as reinsurance recoverables include amounts billed to reinsurers on losses paid as well as estimates of amounts expected to be recovered from reinsurers on insurance liabilities and contractholder funds that have not yet been paid. Reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses are estimated based upon assumptions consistent with those used in establishing the liabilities related to the underlying reinsured contracts. Insurance liabilities are reported gross of reinsurance recoverables. Reinsurance premiums are generally reflected in income in a manner consistent with the recognition of premiums on the reinsured contracts. For catastrophe coverage, the cost of reinsurance premiums is recognized ratably over the contract period to the extent coverage remains available. Reinsurance does not extinguish the Company's primary liability under the policies written. Therefore, the Company regularly evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers including their activities with respect to claim settlement practices and commutations, and establishes allowances for uncollectible reinsurance as appropriate.

Goodwill

       Goodwill represents the excess of amounts paid for acquiring businesses over the fair value of the net assets acquired. The goodwill balances were $456 million and $418 million as of December 31, 2010 and $457 million and $418 million as of December 31, 2009 for the Allstate Protection segment and the Allstate Financial segment, respectively. The Company annually evaluates goodwill for impairment using a trading multiple analysis, which is a widely accepted valuation technique to estimate the fair value of its reporting units. If conditions warrant, a discounted cash flow analysis may also be used. The Company also reviews its goodwill for impairment whenever events or

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changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the carrying amount of goodwill may exceed its implied fair value. Goodwill impairment evaluations indicated no impairment as of December 31, 2010 or 2009.

Property and equipment

       Property and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Included in property and equipment are capitalized costs related to computer software licenses and software developed for internal use. These costs generally consist of certain external payroll and payroll related costs. Certain facilities and equipment held under capital leases are also classified as property and equipment with the related lease obligations recorded as liabilities. Property and equipment depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally 3 to 10 years for equipment and 40 years for real property. Depreciation expense is reported in operating costs and expenses. Accumulated depreciation on property and equipment was $2.41 billion and $2.32 billion as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Depreciation expense on property and equipment was $239 million, $256 million and $240 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Company reviews its property and equipment for impairment at least annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Income taxes

       The income tax provision is calculated under the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities at the enacted tax rates. The principal assets and liabilities giving rise to such differences are unrealized capital gains and losses on certain investments, differences in tax bases of invested assets, insurance reserves, unearned premiums, DAC, accrued compensation and other postretirement benefits. A deferred tax asset valuation allowance is established when there is uncertainty that such assets will be realized (see Note 14).

Reserves for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense and life-contingent contract benefits

       The reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense is the estimate of amounts necessary to settle all reported and unreported claims for the ultimate cost of insured property-liability losses, based upon the facts of each case and the Company's experience with similar cases. Estimated amounts of salvage and subrogation are deducted from the reserve for claims and claims expense. The establishment of appropriate reserves, including reserves for catastrophes, is an inherently uncertain and complex process. Reserve estimates are regularly reviewed and updated, using the most current information available. Any resulting reestimates are reflected in current results of operations (see Note 7).

       The reserve for life-contingent contract benefits payable under insurance policies, including traditional life insurance, life-contingent immediate annuities and voluntary accident and health products, is computed on the basis of long-term actuarial assumptions of future investment yields, mortality, morbidity, policy terminations and expenses (see Note 8). These assumptions, which for traditional life insurance are applied using the net level premium method, include provisions for adverse deviation and generally vary by characteristics such as type of coverage, year of issue and policy duration. To the extent that unrealized gains on fixed income securities would result in a premium deficiency if those gains were realized, the related increase in reserves for certain immediate annuities with life contingencies is recorded net of tax as a reduction of unrealized net capital gains included in accumulated other comprehensive income.

Contractholder funds

       Contractholder funds represent interest-bearing liabilities arising from the sale of products such as interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities, bank deposits and funding agreements. Contractholder funds are comprised primarily of deposits received and interest credited to the benefit of the contractholder less surrenders and withdrawals, mortality charges and administrative expenses (see Note 8). Contractholder funds also include reserves for secondary guarantees on interest-sensitive life insurance and certain fixed annuity contracts and reserves for certain guarantees on reinsured variable annuity contracts.

Separate accounts

       Separate accounts assets are carried at fair value. The assets of the separate accounts are legally segregated and available only to settle separate account contract obligations. Separate accounts liabilities represent the contractholders' claims to the related assets and are carried at an amount equal to the separate accounts assets. Investment income and realized capital gains and losses of the separate accounts accrue directly to the contractholders and therefore, are not included in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations. Deposits to and surrenders and withdrawals from the separate accounts are reflected in separate accounts liabilities and are not included in consolidated cash flows.

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       Absent any contract provision wherein the Company provides a guarantee, variable annuity and variable life insurance contractholders bear the investment risk that the separate accounts' funds may not meet their stated investment objectives. Substantially all of the Company's variable annuity business was reinsured beginning in 2006.

Deferred Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP") expense

       Deferred ESOP expense represents the remaining unrecognized cost of shares acquired by the Allstate ESOP to pre-fund a portion of the Company's contribution to the Allstate 401(k) Savings Plan (see Note 16).

Equity incentive plans

       The Company currently has equity incentive plans that permit the Company to grant nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted or unrestricted shares of the Company's stock and restricted stock units ("equity awards") to certain employees and directors of the Company (see Note 17). The Company recognizes the fair value of equity awards computed at the award date over the period in which the requisite service is rendered. The Company uses a binomial lattice model to determine the fair value of employee stock options.

Off-balance-sheet financial instruments

       Commitments to invest, commitments to purchase private placement securities, commitments to extend loans, financial guarantees and credit guarantees have off-balance-sheet risk because their contractual amounts are not recorded in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (see Note 6 and Note 13).

Consolidation of variable interest entities ("VIEs")

       The Company consolidates VIEs when it is the primary beneficiary. A primary beneficiary is the entity with both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses, or the right to receive benefits, that could potentially be significant to the VIE (see Note 11).

Foreign currency translation

       The local currency of the Company's foreign subsidiaries is deemed to be the functional currency of the country in which these subsidiaries operate. The financial statements of the Company's foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the end of a reporting period for assets and liabilities and at average exchange rates during the period for results of operations. The unrealized gains and losses from the translation of the net assets are recorded as unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments and included in accumulated other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Changes in unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments are included in other comprehensive income. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are reported in operating costs and expenses and have not been material.

Earnings per share

       Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, including unvested participating restricted stock units. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding. For the Company, dilutive potential common shares consist of outstanding stock options and unvested non-participating restricted stock units.

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       The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31 is presented in the following table.

($ in millions, except per share data)
  2010   2009   2008  

Numerator:

                   
 

Net income (loss)

  $ 928   $ 854   $ (1,679 )
               

Denominator:

                   
 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

    540.3     539.6     548.3  
 

Effect of dilutive potential common shares:

                   
   

Stock options

    2.0     1.3      
   

Restricted stock units (non-participating)

    0.2          
               
 

Weighted average common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding

    542.5     540.9     548.3  
               

Earnings per share – Basic

 
$

1.72
 
$

1.58
 
$

(3.06

)

Earnings per share – Diluted

  $ 1.71   $ 1.58   $ (3.06 )

       The effect of dilutive potential common shares does not include the effect of options with an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share because their exercise prices exceed the average market price of Allstate common shares during the period or for which the unrecognized compensation cost would have an anti-dilutive effect. Options to purchase 26.7 million, 25.9 million and 27.1 million Allstate common shares, with exercise prices ranging from $27.36 to $64.53, $23.13 to $65.38 and $28.41 to $65.38, were outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share in those years.

       As a result of the net loss for the year ended December 31, 2008, weighted average dilutive potential common shares outstanding resulting from stock options of 1.3 million were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share since inclusion of these securities would have an anti-dilutive effect. In the absence of the net loss, weighted average common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding would have totaled 549.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

Adopted accounting standards

Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements

       In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued new accounting guidance which expands disclosure requirements relating to fair value measurements. The guidance adds requirements for disclosing amounts of and reasons for significant transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 and requires gross rather than net disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements relating to Level 3 measurements. The guidance also provides clarification that fair value measurement disclosures are required for each class of assets and liabilities. Disclosures about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for measurements that fall in either Level 2 or Level 3 are also required. The Company adopted the provisions of the new guidance as of March 31, 2010, except for disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements, which are required for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. Disclosures are not required for earlier periods presented for comparative purposes. The new guidance affects disclosures only; and therefore, the adoption had no impact on the Company's results of operations or financial position.

Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities

       In June 2009, the FASB issued new accounting guidance which requires an entity to perform a qualitative analysis to determine whether it holds a controlling financial interest (i.e., is a primary beneficiary) in a VIE. The analysis identifies the primary beneficiary of a VIE as the entity that has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses, or the right to receive benefits, that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company adopted the new guidance as of January 1, 2010. The adoption resulted in the consolidation of four VIEs for which the Company concluded it is the primary beneficiary as of January 1, 2010.

       Two of the consolidated VIEs hold investments managed by Allstate Investment Management Company ("AIMCO"), a subsidiary of the Company. Consolidation as of January 1, 2010 resulted in an increase in total assets of $696 million, an increase in total liabilities of $679 million, an increase in retained income of $7 million and an increase in noncontrolling interest of $10 million. During the first quarter of 2010, the Company sold substantially all its variable

137



interests in these two VIEs. As a result, the Company deconsolidated the VIEs as of March 26, 2010. The Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2010 reflects the effect of the consolidation for the portion of the year the Company was the primary beneficiary, which was not material.

       The adoption also resulted in the consolidation of two insurance company affiliates, Allstate Texas Lloyds and Allstate County Mutual Insurance Company, that underwrite homeowners and auto insurance policies, respectively, and reinsure all of their net business to AIC. Consolidation as of January 1, 2010 resulted in an increase in total assets of $38 million, an increase in total liabilities of $34 million, an increase in retained income of $3 million and an increase in unrealized net capital gains and losses of $1 million.

       In the normal course of investing activities, the Company invests in variable interests issued by VIEs. These variable interests include structured investments such as RMBS, CMBS and ABS as well as limited partnerships, special purpose entities and trusts. For these variable interests, the Company concluded it is not the primary beneficiary due to the amount of the Company's interest in the VIEs and the Company's lack of power to direct the activities that are most significant to the economic performance of the VIEs. The Company's maximum exposure to loss on these interests is limited to the amount of the Company's investment, including future funding commitments, as applicable.

Embedded Credit Derivatives Scope Exception

       In March 2010, the FASB issued accounting guidance clarifying the scope exception for embedded credit derivative features, including those in certain collateralized debt obligations and synthetic collateralized debt obligations. Embedded credit derivative features related to the transfer of credit risk that is only in the form of subordination of one financial instrument to another continue to qualify for the scope exception. Other embedded credit derivative features must be analyzed for potential bifurcation and separate accounting as a derivative, with periodic changes in fair value recorded in net income. The adoption of the new guidance as of July 1, 2010 resulted in the bifurcation of the credit default swaps embedded in synthetic collateralized debt obligations purchased after January 1, 2007, and the related net unrealized capital losses were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained income. The cumulative effect of adoption, net of related DAC, DSI and tax adjustments, was a $19 million increase in unrealized net capital gains and losses, a $9 million decrease in total assets and a $28 million decrease in retained income.

Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses

       In July 2010, the FASB issued guidance requiring expanded disclosures relating to the credit quality of financing receivables and the related allowances for credit losses. The new guidance requires a greater level of disaggregated information, as well as additional disclosures about credit quality indicators, past due information and modifications of its financing receivables. The new guidance is effective for reporting periods ending after December 15, 2010, except for disclosures related to troubled debt restructurings which have been deferred until reporting periods ending after December 15, 2011. The new guidance affects disclosures only; and therefore, the adoption as of December 31, 2010 had no impact on the Company's results of operations or financial position.

Pending accounting standards

Consolidation Analysis Considering Investments Held through Separate Accounts

       In April 2010, the FASB issued guidance clarifying that an insurer is not required to combine interests in investments held in a qualifying separate account with its interests in the same investments held in the general account when performing a consolidation evaluation. The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2010 with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's results of operations or financial position.

Accounting for Costs Associated with Acquiring or Renewing Insurance Contracts

       In October 2010, the FASB issued guidance modifying the definition of the types of costs incurred by insurance entities that can be capitalized in the acquisition of new and renewal contracts. The guidance specifies that the costs must be based on successful efforts. The guidance also specifies that advertising costs only should be included as deferred acquisition costs if the direct-response advertising accounting criteria are met. The new guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and should be applied prospectively, with retrospective application permitted. The Company is in process of evaluating the impact of adoption on the Company's results of operations and financial position.

138


Disclosure of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations

       In December 2010, the FASB issued disclosure guidance for entities that enter into business combinations that are material. The guidance specifies that if an entity presents comparative financial statements, the entity should disclose proforma revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. The guidance expands the supplemental pro forma disclosures to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination. The guidance is effective prospectively for business combinations entered into on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. The Company will adopt the guidance for any business combinations entered into on or after January 1, 2011.

3.    Supplemental Cash Flow Information

       Non-cash investment exchanges, including modifications of certain mortgage loans, fixed income securities, limited partnerships and other investments, as well as mergers completed with equity securities, totaled $664 million, $485 million and $37 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       Liabilities for collateral received in conjunction with the Company's securities lending activities were $461 million, $449 million and $320 million as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and are reported in other liabilities and accrued expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Obligations to return cash collateral for over-the-counter ("OTC") derivatives were $23 million, $209 million and $20 million as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and are reported in other liabilities and accrued expenses or other investments. The accompanying cash flows are included in cash flows from operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows along with the activities resulting from management of the proceeds, which for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Net change in proceeds managed

                   

Net change in fixed income securities

  $   $   $ 559  

Net change in short-term investments

    171     (316 )   2,562  
               
 

Operating cash flow provided (used)

    171     (316 )   3,121  

Net change in cash

    3     (2 )    
               
 

Net change in proceeds managed

 
$

174
 
$

(318

)

$

3,121
 
               

Net change in liabilities

                   

Liabilities for collateral, beginning of year

  $ (658 ) $ (340 ) $ (3,461 )

Liabilities for collateral, end of year

    (484 )   (658 )   (340 )
               
 

Operating cash flow (used) provided

  $ (174 ) $ 318   $ (3,121 )
               

4.    Investments

Fair values

       The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value for fixed income securities are as follows:

($ in millions)
 

   
  Gross unrealized    
 
  Amortized
cost
  Fair
value
 
 
  Gains   Losses  

December 31, 2010

                         

U.S. government and agencies

  $ 8,320   $ 327   $ (51 ) $ 8,596  

Municipal

    16,201     379     (646 )   15,934  

Corporate

    36,260     1,816     (421 )   37,655  

Foreign government

    2,821     347     (10 )   3,158  

RMBS

    8,509     216     (732 )   7,993  

CMBS

    2,213     58     (277 )   1,994  

ABS

    4,425     113     (294 )   4,244  

Redeemable preferred stock

    37     1         38  
                   
 

Total fixed income securities

  $ 78,786   $ 3,257   $ (2,431 ) $ 79,612  
                   

139


($ in millions)
 

   
  Gross unrealized    
 
  Amortized
cost
  Fair
value
 
 
  Gains   Losses  

December 31, 2009

                         

U.S. government and agencies

  $ 7,333   $ 219   $ (16 ) $ 7,536  

Municipal

    21,683     537     (940 )   21,280  

Corporate

    32,770     1,192     (847 )   33,115  

Foreign government

    2,906     306     (15 )   3,197  

RMBS

    9,487     130     (1,630 )   7,987  

CMBS

    3,511     30     (955 )   2,586  

ABS

    3,514     62     (550 )   3,026  

Redeemable preferred stock

    39     1     (1 )   39  
                   
 

Total fixed income securities

  $ 81,243   $ 2,477   $ (4,954 ) $ 78,766  
                   

Scheduled maturities

       The scheduled maturities for fixed income securities are as follows as of December 31, 2010:

($ in millions)
 

  Amortized
cost
  Fair
value
 

Due in one year or less

  $ 3,147   $ 3,185  

Due after one year through five years

    23,905     24,688  

Due after five years through ten years

    16,551     17,484  

Due after ten years

    22,249     22,018  
           

    65,852     67,375  

RMBS and ABS

    12,934     12,237  
           
 

Total

  $ 78,786   $ 79,612  
           

       Actual maturities may differ from those scheduled as a result of prepayments by the issuers. Because of the potential for prepayment on RMBS and ABS, they are not categorized by contractual maturity. CMBS are categorized by contractual maturity because they generally are not subject to prepayment risk.

Net investment income

       Net investment income for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Fixed income securities

  $ 3,737   $ 3,998   $ 4,783  

Equity securities

    90     80     120  

Mortgage loans

    385     498     618  

Limited partnership interests

    40     17     62  

Short-term investments

    8     27     195  

Other

    19     (10 )   54  
               
 

Investment income, before expense

    4,279     4,610     5,832  
 

Investment expense

    (177 )   (166 )   (210 )
               
   

Net investment income

  $ 4,102   $ 4,444   $ 5,622  
               

140


Realized capital gains and losses

       Realized capital gains and losses by asset type for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Fixed income securities

  $ (366 ) $ (302 ) $ (2,781 )

Equity securities

    153     181     (1,149 )

Mortgage loans

    (71 )   (144 )   (94 )

Limited partnership interests

    57     (446 )   (194 )

Derivatives

    (600 )   206     (821 )

Other

        (78 )   (51 )
               
 

Realized capital gains and losses

  $ (827 ) $ (583 ) $ (5,090 )
               

       Realized capital gains and losses by transaction type for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Impairment write-downs

  $ (797 ) $ (1,562 ) $ (1,983 )

Change in intent write-downs

    (204 )   (357 )   (1,752 )
               
 

Net other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") losses recognized in earnings

    (1,001 )   (1,919 )   (3,735 )

Sales

    686     1,272     (464 )

Valuation of derivative instruments

    (427 )   367     (1,280 )

Settlements of derivative instruments

    (174 )   (162 )   486  

EMA limited partnership income

    89     (141 )   (97 )
               
 

Realized capital gains and losses

  $ (827 ) $ (583 ) $ (5,090 )
               

       Gross gains of $819 million, $1.21 billion and $718 million and gross losses of $435 million, $373 million and $485 million were realized on sales of fixed income securities during 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       Other-than-temporary impairment losses by asset type for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  
 
  Gross   Included
in OCI
  Net   Gross   Included
in OCI
  Net  

Fixed income securities:

                                     
 

Municipal

  $ (203 ) $ 24   $ (179 ) $ (140 ) $ 10   $ (130 )
 

Corporate

    (68 )   2     (66 )   (213 )   (13 )   (226 )
 

Foreign government

                (17 )       (17 )
 

RMBS

    (381 )   (47 )   (428 )   (672 )   384     (288 )
 

CMBS

    (94 )   (27 )   (121 )   (411 )   102     (309 )
 

ABS

    (14 )   (16 )   (30 )   (208 )   (26 )   (234 )
                           
   

Total fixed income securities

    (760 )   (64 )   (824 )   (1,661 )   457     (1,204 )

Equity securities

    (57 )       (57 )   (264 )       (264 )

Mortgage loans

    (71 )       (71 )   (103 )       (103 )

Limited partnership interests

    (46 )       (46 )   (308 )       (308 )

Other

    (3 )       (3 )   (40 )       (40 )
                           
   

Other-than-temporary impairment losses

  $ (937 ) $ (64 ) $ (1,001 ) $ (2,376 ) $ 457   $ (1,919 )
                           

       The total amount of other-than-temporary impairment losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income at the time of impairment for fixed income securities as of December 31, which were not included in earnings, are presented in the following table. The amount excludes $322 million and $192 million as of December 31, 2010 and

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2009, respectively, of net unrealized gains related to changes in valuation of the fixed income securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Municipal

  $ (27 ) $ (10 )

Corporate

    (31 )   (51 )

RMBS

    (467 )   (594 )

CMBS

    (49 )   (127 )

ABS

    (41 )   (89 )
           
 

Total

  $ (615 ) $ (871 )
           

       Rollforwards of the cumulative credit losses recognized in earnings for fixed income securities held as of December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Beginning balance

  $ (1,187 ) $  

Beginning balance of cumulative credit loss for securities held as of April 1, 2009

        (1,357 )

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

    81      

Additional credit loss for securities previously other-than-temporarily impaired

    (314 )   (136 )

Additional credit loss for securities not previously other-than-temporarily impaired

    (312 )   (518 )

Reduction in credit loss for securities disposed or collected

    638     824  

Reduction in credit loss for securities the Company has made the decision to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell

    43      

Change in credit loss due to accretion of increase in cash flows

    5      
           

Ending balance

  $ (1,046 ) $ (1,187 )
           

       The Company uses its best estimate of future cash flows expected to be collected from the fixed income security, discounted at the security's original or current effective rate, as appropriate, to calculate a recovery value and determine whether a credit loss exists. The determination of cash flow estimates is inherently subjective and methodologies may vary depending on facts and circumstances specific to the security. All reasonably available information relevant to the collectability of the security, including past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable assumptions and forecasts, are considered when developing the estimate of cash flows expected to be collected. That information generally includes, but is not limited to, the remaining payment terms of the security, prepayment speeds, foreign exchange rates, the financial condition and future earnings potential of the issue or issuer, expected defaults, expected recoveries, the value of underlying collateral, vintage, geographic concentration, available reserves or escrows, current subordination levels, third party guarantees and other credit enhancements. Other information, such as industry analyst reports and forecasts, sector credit ratings, financial condition of the bond insurer for insured fixed income securities, and other market data relevant to the realizability of contractual cash flows, may also be considered. The estimated fair value of collateral will be used to estimate recovery value if the Company determines that the security is dependent on the liquidation of collateral for ultimate settlement. If the estimated recovery value is less than the amortized cost of the security, a credit loss exists and an other-than-temporary impairment for the difference between the estimated recovery value and amortized cost is recorded in earnings. The portion of the unrealized loss related to factors other than credit remains classified in accumulated other comprehensive income. If the Company determines that the fixed income security does not have sufficient cash flow or other information to estimate a recovery value for the security, the Company may conclude that the entire decline in fair value is deemed to be credit related and the loss is recorded in earnings.

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Unrealized net capital gains and losses

       Unrealized net capital gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income are as follows:

 
   
  Gross unrealized    
 
 
  Fair
value
  Unrealized net
gains (losses)
 
($ in millions)
December 31, 2010
  Gains   Losses  

Fixed income securities (1)

  $ 79,612   $ 3,257   $ (2,431 ) $ 826  

Equity securities

    4,811     646     (63 )   583  

Short-term investments

    3,279              

Derivative instruments (2)

    (17 )   2     (24 )   (22 )
                         
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses, pre-tax

                      1,387  

Amounts recognized for:

                         
 

Insurance reserves (3)

                      (41 )
 

DAC and DSI (4)

                      97  
                         
   

Amounts recognized

                      56  
 

Deferred income taxes

                      (508 )
                         
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses, after-tax

                    $ 935  
                         

(1)
Unrealized net capital gains and losses for fixed income securities as of December 31, 2010 comprises $(293) million related to unrealized net capital losses on fixed income securities with OTTI and $1.12 billion related to other unrealized net capital gains and losses.
(2)
Included in the fair value of derivative instruments are $2 million classified as assets and $19 million classified as liabilities.
(3)
The insurance reserves adjustment represents the amount by which the reserve balance would increase if the net unrealized gains in the applicable product portfolios were realized and reinvested at current lower interest rates, resulting in a premium deficiency. Although the Company evaluates premium deficiencies on the combined performance of life insurance and immediate annuities with life contingencies, the adjustment primarily relates to structured settlement annuities with life contingencies, in addition to annuity buy-outs and certain payout annuities with life contingencies.
(4)
The DAC and DSI adjustment balance represents the amount by which the amortization of DAC and DSI would increase or decrease if the unrealized gains or losses in the respective product portfolios were realized.

 
   
  Gross unrealized    
 
 
  Fair
value
  Unrealized net
gains (losses)
 
December 31, 2009
  Gains   Losses  

Fixed income securities (1)

  $ 78,766   $ 2,477   $ (4,954 ) $ (2,477 )

Equity securities

    5,024     381     (202 )   179  

Short-term investments

    3,056              

Derivative instruments (2)

    (20 )   2     (25 )   (23 )
                         
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses, pre-tax

                      (2,321 )

Amounts recognized for:

                         
 

Insurance reserves

                       
 

DAC and DSI

                      990  
                         
   

Amounts recognized

                      990  
 

Deferred income taxes

                      461  
                         
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses, after-tax

                    $ (870 )
                         

(1)
Unrealized net capital gains and losses for fixed income securities as of December 31, 2009 comprises $(679) million related to unrealized net capital losses on fixed income securities with OTTI and $(1.80) billion related to other unrealized net capital gains and losses.
(2)
Included in the fair value of derivative instruments are $(2) million classified as assets and $18 million classified as liabilities.

143


Change in unrealized net capital gains and losses

       The change in unrealized net capital gains and losses for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Fixed income securities

  $ 3,303   $ 6,019   $ (9,452 )

Equity securities

    404     511     (1,322 )

Short-term investments

        (3 )   3  

Derivative instruments

    1     (34 )   44  
               
   

Total

    3,708     6,493     (10,727 )

Amounts recognized for:

                   
 

Insurance reserves

    (41 )   378     681  
 

DAC and DSI

    (893 )   (2,510 )   2,988  
               
   

(Decrease) increase in amounts recognized

    (934 )   (2,132 )   3,669  
 

Deferred income taxes

    (969 )   (1,493 )   2,432  
               
 

Increase (decrease) in unrealized net capital gains and losses

  $ 1,805   $ 2,868   $ (4,626 )
               

Portfolio monitoring

       The Company has a comprehensive portfolio monitoring process to identify and evaluate each fixed income and equity security whose carrying value may be other-than-temporarily impaired.

       For each fixed income security in an unrealized loss position, the Company assesses whether management with the appropriate authority has made the decision to sell or whether it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of the amortized cost basis for reasons such as liquidity, contractual or regulatory purposes. If a security meets either of these criteria, the security's decline in fair value is considered other than temporary and is recorded in earnings.

       If the Company has not made the decision to sell the fixed income security and it is not more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the fixed income security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the Company evaluates whether it expects to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. The Company calculates the estimated recovery value by discounting the best estimate of future cash flows at the security's original or current effective rate, as appropriate, and compares this to the amortized cost of the security. If the Company does not expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the fixed income security, the credit loss component of the impairment is recorded in earnings, with the remaining amount of the unrealized loss related to other factors recognized in other comprehensive income.

       For equity securities, the Company considers various factors, including whether it has the intent and ability to hold the equity security for a period of time sufficient to recover its cost basis. Where the Company lacks the intent and ability to hold to recovery, or believes the recovery period is extended, the equity security's decline in fair value is considered other than temporary and is recorded in earnings. For equity securities managed by a third party, the Company has contractually retained its decision making authority as it pertains to selling equity securities that are in an unrealized loss position.

       The Company's portfolio monitoring process includes a quarterly review of all securities to identify instances where the fair value of a security compared to its amortized cost (for fixed income securities) or cost (for equity securities) is below established thresholds. The process also includes the monitoring of other impairment indicators such as ratings, ratings downgrades and payment defaults. The securities identified, in addition to other securities for which the Company may have a concern, are evaluated for potential other-than-temporary impairment using all reasonably available information relevant to the collectability or recovery of the security. Inherent in the Company's evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment for these fixed income and equity securities are assumptions and estimates about the financial condition and future earnings potential of the issue or issuer. Some of the factors considered in evaluating whether a decline in fair value is other than temporary are: 1) the financial condition, near-term and long-term prospects of the issue or issuer, including relevant industry specific market conditions and trends, geographic location and implications of rating agency actions and offering prices; 2) the specific reasons that a security is in an unrealized loss position, including overall market conditions which could affect liquidity; and 3) the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than amortized cost or cost.

144


       The following table summarizes the gross unrealized losses and fair value of fixed income and equity securities by the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.

($ in millions)
  Less than 12 months   12 months or more    
 
 
  Number
of issues
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
losses
  Number
of issues
  Fair
value
  Unrealized
losses
  Total
unrealized
losses
 

December 31, 2010

                                           

Fixed income securities

                                           
 

U.S. government and agencies

    32   $ 2,081   $ (51 )     $   $   $ (51 )
 

Municipal

    847     4,130     (175 )   411     2,715     (471 )   (646 )
 

Corporate

    438     5,994     (186 )   150     1,992     (235 )   (421 )
 

Foreign government

    33     277     (9 )   1     10     (1 )   (10 )
 

RMBS

    280     583     (12 )   422     1,939     (720 )   (732 )
 

CMBS

    14     158     (3 )   114     835     (274 )   (277 )
 

ABS

    68     762     (8 )   133     1,313     (286 )   (294 )
                               
   

Total fixed income securities (1)

    1,712     13,985     (444 )   1,231     8,804     (1,987 )   (2,431 )

Equity securities

    773     610     (48 )   44     91     (15 )   (63 )
                               
   

Total fixed income and equity securities

    2,485   $ 14,595   $ (492 )   1,275   $ 8,895   $ (2,002 ) $ (2,494 )
                               

Investment grade fixed income securities

    1,607   $ 13,280   $ (408 )   857   $ 6,217   $ (943 ) $ (1,351 )

Below investment grade fixed income securities

    105     705     (36 )   374     2,587     (1,044 )   (1,080 )
                               
   

Total fixed income securities

    1,712   $ 13,985   $ (444 )   1,231   $ 8,804   $ (1,987 ) $ (2,431 )
                               

December 31, 2009

                                           

Fixed income securities

                                           
 

U.S. government and agencies

    38   $ 3,523   $ (16 )     $   $   $ (16 )
 

Municipal

    761     3,646     (123 )   747     5,024     (817 )   (940 )
 

Corporate

    399     5,072     (178 )   421     5,140     (669 )   (847 )
 

Foreign government

    50     505     (15 )   1     1         (15 )
 

RMBS

    387     1,092     (23 )   453     2,611     (1,607 )   (1,630 )
 

CMBS

    25     232     (4 )   259     1,790     (951 )   (955 )
 

ABS

    39     352     (20 )   173     1,519     (530 )   (550 )
 

Redeemable preferred stock

    1             1     21     (1 )   (1 )
                               
   

Total fixed income securities (1)

    1,700     14,422     (379 )   2,055     16,106     (4,575 )   (4,954 )

Equity securities

    1,665     1,349     (113 )   28     450     (89 )   (202 )
                               
   

Total fixed income and equity securities

    3,365   $ 15,771   $ (492 )   2,083   $ 16,556   $ (4,664 ) $ (5,156 )
                               

Investment grade fixed income securities

    1,587   $ 13,891   $ (293 )   1,561   $ 13,127   $ (2,848 ) $ (3,141 )

Below investment grade fixed income securities

    113     531     (86 )   494     2,979     (1,727 )   (1,813 )
                               
   

Total fixed income securities

    1,700   $ 14,422   $ (379 )   2,055   $ 16,106   $ (4,575 ) $ (4,954 )
                               

(1)
Gross unrealized losses resulting from factors other than credit on fixed income securities with other-than-temporary impairments for which the Company has recorded a credit loss in earnings total $10 million for the less than 12 month category and $408 million for the 12 months or greater category as of December 31, 2010 and $20 million for the less than 12 month category and $729 million for the 12 months or greater category as of December 31, 2009.

       As of December 31, 2010, $1.12 billion of unrealized losses are related to securities with an unrealized loss position less than 20% of amortized cost or cost, the degree of which suggests that these securities do not pose a high risk of being other-than-temporarily impaired. Of the $1.12 billion, $853 million are related to unrealized losses on investment grade fixed income securities. Investment grade is defined as a security having a rating of Aaa, Aa, A or Baa from Moody's, a rating of AAA, AA, A or BBB from Standard & Poor's ("S&P"), Fitch, Dominion or Realpoint, a rating of aaa, aa, a or bbb from A.M. Best, or a comparable internal rating if an externally provided rating is not available. Unrealized losses on investment grade securities are principally related to widening credit spreads or rising interest rates since the time of initial purchase.

       As of December 31, 2010, the remaining $1.37 billion of unrealized losses are related to securities in unrealized loss positions greater than or equal to 20% of amortized cost or cost. Investment grade fixed income securities comprising $498 million of these unrealized losses were evaluated based on factors such as expected cash flows and the financial

145



condition and near-term and long-term prospects of the issue or issuer and were determined to have adequate resources to fulfill contractual obligations. Of the $1.37 billion, $868 million are related to below investment grade fixed income securities and $11 million are related to equity securities. Of these amounts, $794 million of the below investment grade fixed income securities had been in an unrealized loss position for a period of twelve or more consecutive months as of December 31, 2010. Unrealized losses on below investment grade securities are principally related to RMBS, CMBS and ABS and were the result of wider credit spreads resulting from higher risk premiums since the time of initial purchase, largely due to macroeconomic conditions and credit market deterioration, including the impact of lower real estate valuations.

       RMBS, CMBS and ABS in an unrealized loss position were evaluated based on actual and projected collateral losses relative to the securities' positions in the respective securitization trusts, security specific expectations of cash flows, and credit ratings. This evaluation also takes into consideration credit enhancement, measured in terms of (i) subordination from other classes of securities in the trust that are contractually obligated to absorb losses before the class of security the Company owns, (ii) the expected impact of other structural features embedded in the securitization trust beneficial to the class of securities the Company owns, such as overcollateralization and excess spread, and (iii) for RMBS and ABS in an unrealized loss position, credit enhancements from reliable bond insurers, where applicable. Municipal bonds in an unrealized loss position were evaluated based on the quality of the underlying securities, taking into consideration credit enhancements from reliable bond insurers, where applicable. Unrealized losses on equity securities are primarily related to equity market fluctuations.

       As of December 31, 2010, the Company has not made the decision to sell and it is not more likely than not the Company will be required to sell fixed income securities with unrealized losses before recovery of the amortized cost basis. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had the intent and ability to hold equity securities with unrealized losses for a period of time sufficient for them to recover.

Limited partnerships

       As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the carrying value of equity method limited partnership interests totaled $2.47 billion and $1.64 billion, respectively. The Company recognizes an impairment loss for equity method investments when evidence demonstrates that the loss is other than temporary. Evidence of a loss in value that is other than temporary may include the absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or the inability of the investee to sustain a level of earnings that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. In 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company had write-downs related to equity method limited partnership interests of $1 million, $11 million and $29 million, respectively.

       As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the carrying value for cost method limited partnership interests was $1.35 billion and $1.10 billion, respectively. To determine if an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, the Company evaluates whether an impairment indicator has occurred in the period that may have a significant adverse effect on the carrying value of the investment. Impairment indicators may include: significantly reduced valuations of the investments held by the limited partnerships; actual recent cash flows received being significantly less than expected cash flows; reduced valuations based on financing completed at a lower value; completed sale of a material underlying investment at a price significantly lower than expected; or any other adverse events since the last financial statements received that might affect the fair value of the investee's capital. Additionally, the Company's portfolio monitoring process includes a quarterly review of all cost method limited partnerships to identify instances where the net asset value is below established thresholds for certain periods of time, as well as investments that are performing below expectations, for further impairment consideration. If a cost method limited partnership is other-than-temporarily impaired, the carrying value is written down to fair value, generally estimated to be equivalent to the reported net asset value of the underlying funds. The Company had write-downs related to cost method investments in 2010, 2009 and 2008 of $45 million, $297 million and $83 million, respectively.

Mortgage loans

       The Company's mortgage loans are commercial mortgage loans collateralized by a variety of commercial real estate property types located throughout the United States and totaled, net of valuation allowance, $6.68 billion and $7.94 billion as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Substantially all of the commercial mortgage loans are non-recourse to the borrower. The following table shows the principal geographic distribution of commercial real estate

146



represented in the Company's mortgage portfolio. No other state represented more than 5% of the portfolio as of December 31.

(% of mortgage portfolio carrying value)
  2010   2009  

California

    23.2 %   22.6 %

Illinois

    9.4     9.4  

New York

    6.6     6.3  

New Jersey

    6.5     5.9  

Pennsylvania

    5.6     6.0  

Texas

    5.3     5.0  

       The types of properties collateralizing the mortgage loans as of December 31 are as follows:

(% of mortgage portfolio carrying value)
  2010   2009  

Office buildings

    32.1 %   35.3 %

Retail

    27.3     24.2  

Warehouse

    21.9     23.2  

Apartment complex

    12.8     11.9  

Other

    5.9     5.4  
           
 

Total

    100.0 %   100.0 %
           

       The contractual maturities of the mortgage loan portfolio as of December 31, 2010, excluding $62 million of mortgage loans in the process of foreclosure, are as follows:

($ in millions)
 

  Number of
loans
  Carrying
value
  Percent  

2011

    55   $ 624     9.4 %

2012

    85     806     12.2  

2013

    76     655     9.9  

2014

    77     1,029     15.5  

Thereafter

    347     3,503     53.0  
               
 

Total

    640   $ 6,617     100.0 %
               

       Mortgage loans are evaluated for impairment on a specific loan basis through a quarterly credit monitoring process and review of key credit quality indicators. Mortgage loans are considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will not collect the contractual principal and interest. Valuation allowances are established for impaired loans to reduce the carrying value to the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell or the present value of the loan's expected future repayment cash flows discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate. Impaired mortgage loans may not have a valuation allowance when the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell is higher than the carrying value. Mortgage loan valuation allowances are charged off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.

       Accrual of income is suspended for mortgage loans that are in default or when full and timely collection of principal and interest payments is not probable. Cash receipts on mortgage loans on nonaccrual status are generally recorded as a reduction of carrying value.

       Debt service coverage ratio is considered a key credit quality indicator when mortgage loans are evaluated for impairment. Debt service coverage ratio represents the amount of estimated cash flows from the property available to the borrower to meet principal and interest payment obligations. Debt service coverage ratio estimates are updated annually or more frequently if conditions are warranted based on the Company's credit monitoring process. The

147



following table reflects the carrying value of non-impaired fixed rate and variable rate mortgage loans as of December 31, 2010, summarized by debt service coverage ratio distribution:

($ in millions)
Debt service coverage ratio distribution

  Fixed rate
mortgage loans
  Variable rate
mortgage loans
  Total  

Below 1.0

  $ 280   $   $ 280  

1.0 - 1.25

    1,583     16     1,599  

1.26 - 1.50

    1,520     5     1,525  

Above 1.50

    2,540     546     3,086  
               
 

Total non-impaired mortgage loans

  $ 5,923   $ 567   $ 6,490  
               

       Mortgage loans with a debt service coverage ratio below 1.0 that are not considered impaired primarily relate to instances where the borrower has the financial capacity to fund the revenue shortfalls from the properties for the foreseeable term, the decrease in cash flows from the properties is considered temporary, or there are other risk mitigating circumstances such as additional collateral, escrow balances or borrower guarantees.

       The net carrying value of impaired mortgage loans as of December 31 is as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Impaired mortgage loans with a valuation allowance

  $ 168   $ 367  

Impaired loans without a valuation allowance

    21     16  
           

Total impaired mortgage loans

  $ 189   $ 383  
           

Valuation allowance on impaired mortgage loans

  $ 84   $ 95  

       The average balance of impaired loans was $278 million, $327 million and $44 million during 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       The rollforward of the valuation allowance on impaired mortgage loans for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Beginning balance

  $ 95   $ 4   $  

Net increase in valuation allowance

    65     97     4  

Charge offs

    (76 )   (6 )    
               

Ending balance

  $ 84   $ 95   $ 4  
               

       Past due mortgage loans carrying value as of December 31, 2010 is as follows:

($ in millions)
   
 

Less than 90 days past due

  $ 12  

90 days or greater past due

    78  
       
 

Total past due

    90  
 

Current loans

    6,589  
       
   

Total mortgage loans

  $ 6,679  
       

Municipal bonds

       The Company maintains a diversified portfolio of municipal bonds. The following table shows the principal geographic distribution of municipal bond issuers represented in the Company's portfolio as of December 31. No other state represents more than 5% of the portfolio.

(% of municipal bond portfolio carrying value)
  2010   2009  

California

    12.3 %   13.3 %

Texas

    10.1     8.9  

Florida

    5.8     5.9  

Illinois

    4.4     5.3  

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Concentration of credit risk

       As of December 31, 2010, the Company is not exposed to any credit concentration risk of a single issuer and its affiliates greater than 10% of the Company's shareholders' equity.

Securities loaned

       The Company's business activities include securities lending programs with third parties, mostly large banks. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, fixed income securities with a carrying value of $448 million and $434 million, respectively, were on loan under these agreements. In return, the Company receives cash that it invests and includes in short-term investments and fixed income securities, with an offsetting liability recorded in other liabilities and accrued expenses to account for the Company's obligation to return the collateral. Interest income on collateral, net of fees, was $2 million in both 2010 and 2009 and $48 million in 2008.

Other investment information

       Included in fixed income securities are below investment grade assets totaling $6.66 billion and $4.98 billion as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       As of December 31, 2010, fixed income securities and short-term investments with a carrying value of $281 million were on deposit with regulatory authorities as required by law.

       As of December 31, 2010, the carrying value of fixed income securities that were non-income producing was $35 million.

5. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

       Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The hierarchy for inputs used in determining fair value maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Assets and liabilities recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at fair value are categorized in the fair value hierarchy based on the observability of inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:

Level 1:   Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that the Company can access.

Level 2:

 

Assets and liabilities whose values are based on the following:

 

 

(a)

 

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;

 

 

(b)

 

Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or

 

 

(c)

 

Valuation models whose inputs are observable, directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.


Level 3:


 


Assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company's estimates of the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the assets and liabilities.

       The availability of observable inputs varies by instrument. In situations where fair value is based on internally developed pricing models or inputs that are unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. The degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is typically greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. In many instances, valuation inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. The category level in the fair value hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company uses prices and inputs that are current as of the measurement date, including during periods of market disruption. In periods of market disruption, the ability to observe prices and inputs may be reduced for many instruments.

       The Company has two types of situations where investments are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The first is where quotes continue to be received from independent third-party valuation service providers and all significant inputs are market observable; however, there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset when compared to normal market activity such that the degree of market observability has declined to a point where categorization as a Level 3 measurement is considered appropriate. The indicators considered in determining

149



whether a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for a specific asset has occurred include the level of new issuances in the primary market, trading volume in the secondary market, the level of credit spreads over historical levels, applicable bid-ask spreads, and price consensus among market participants and other pricing sources.

       The second situation where the Company classifies securities in Level 3 is where specific inputs significant to the fair value estimation models are not market observable. This occurs in two primary instances. The first relates to the Company's use of broker quotes. The second relates to auction rate securities ("ARS") backed by student loans for which a key input, the anticipated date liquidity will return to this market, is not market observable.

       Certain assets are not carried at fair value on a recurring basis, including investments such as mortgage loans, limited partnership interests, bank loans and policy loans. Accordingly, such investments are only included in the fair value hierarchy disclosure when the investment is subject to remeasurement at fair value after initial recognition and the resulting remeasurement is reflected in the consolidated financial statements. In addition, derivatives embedded in fixed income securities are not disclosed in the hierarchy as free-standing derivatives since they are presented with the host contracts in fixed income securities. As of December 31, 2010, 74.1% of total assets are measured at fair value and 0.9% of total liabilities are measured at fair value.

       In determining fair value, the Company principally uses the market approach which generally utilizes market transaction data for the same or similar instruments. To a lesser extent, the Company uses the income approach which involves determining fair values from discounted cash flow methodologies. For the majority of Level 2 and Level 3 valuations, a combination of the market and income approaches is used.

Summary of significant valuation techniques for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis

Level 1 measurements

Level 2 measurements

150


Level 3 measurements

151


Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis

       Mortgage loans written-down to fair value in connection with recognizing impairments are valued based on the fair value of the underlying collateral less costs to sell. Limited partnership interests written-down to fair value in connection with recognizing other-than-temporary impairments are valued using net asset values.

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       The following table summarizes the Company's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2010:

($ in millions)





  Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)
  Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
  Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
  Counterparty
and cash
collateral
netting
  Balance
as of
December 31,
2010
 

Assets

                               
 

Fixed income securities:

                               
   

U.S. government and agencies

  $ 4,976   $ 3,620   $         $ 8,596  
   

Municipal

        13,918     2,016           15,934  
   

Corporate

        35,747     1,908           37,655  
   

Foreign government

        3,158               3,158  
   

RMBS

        6,199     1,794           7,993  
   

CMBS

        1,071     923           1,994  
   

ABS

        1,827     2,417           4,244  
   

Redeemable preferred stock

        37     1           38  
                         
       

Total fixed income securities

    4,976     65,577     9,059           79,612  
 

Equity securities

    4,316     432     63           4,811  
 

Short-term investments

    174     3,105               3,279  
 

Other investments:

                               
   

Free-standing derivatives

        651     74   $ (286 )   439  
 

Separate account assets

    8,676                   8,676  
 

Other assets

            1           1  
                       
     

Total recurring basis assets

    18,142     69,765     9,197     (286 )   96,818  
 

Non-recurring basis (1)

            120           120  
                       

Total assets at fair value

  $ 18,142   $ 69,765   $ 9,317   $ (286 ) $ 96,938  
                       

% of total assets at fair value

    18.7 %   72.0 %   9.6 %   (0.3 )%   100.0 %

Liabilities

                               
 

Contractholder funds:

                               
   

Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts

  $   $   $ (653 )     $ (653 )
 

Other liabilities:

                               
   

Free-standing derivatives

    (2 )   (529 )   (95 ) $ 263     (363 )
                       

Total liabilities at fair value

  $ (2 ) $ (529 ) $ (748 ) $ 263   $ (1,016 )
                       

% of total liabilities at fair value

    0.2 %   52.1 %   73.6 %   (25.9 )%   100.0 %

(1)
Includes $111 million of mortgage loans and $9 million of limited partnership interests written-down to fair value in connection with recognizing other-than-temporary impairments.

153


       The following table summarizes the Company's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2009:

($ in millions)





  Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)
  Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
  Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
  Counterparty
and cash
collateral
netting
  Balance
as of
December 31,
2009
 

Assets

                               
 

Fixed income securities:

                               
   

U.S. government and agencies

  $ 4,415   $ 3,121   $         $ 7,536  
   

Municipal

        18,574     2,706           21,280  
   

Corporate

        30,874     2,241           33,115  
   

Foreign government

        3,177     20           3,197  
   

RMBS

        6,316     1,671           7,987  
   

CMBS

        1,182     1,404           2,586  
   

ABS

        1,025     2,001           3,026  
   

Redeemable preferred stock

        37     2           39  
                         
       

Total fixed income securities

    4,415     64,306     10,045           78,766  
 

Equity securities

    4,821     134     69           5,024  
 

Short-term investments

    278     2,778               3,056  
 

Other investments:

                               
   

Free-standing derivatives

        882     146   $ (482 )   546  
 

Separate account assets

    9,072                   9,072  
 

Other assets

            2           2  
                       
     

Total recurring basis assets

    18,586     68,100     10,262     (482 )   96,466  
 

Non-recurring basis (1)

            235           235  
                       

Total assets at fair value

  $ 18,586   $ 68,100   $ 10,497   $ (482 ) $ 96,701  
                       

% of total assets at fair value

    19.2 %   70.4 %   10.9 %   (0.5 )%   100.0 %

Liabilities

                               
 

Contractholder funds:

                               
   

Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts

  $   $ (217 ) $ (110 )       $ (327 )
 

Other liabilities:

                               
   

Free-standing derivatives

    (2 )   (596 )   (91 ) $ 276     (413 )
                       

Total liabilities at fair value

  $ (2 ) $ (813 ) $ (201 ) $ 276   $ (740 )
                       

% of total liabilities at fair value

    0.3 %   109.9 %   27.1 %   (37.3 )%   100.0 %

(1)
Includes $211 million of mortgage loans and $24 million of limited partnership interests written-down to fair value in connection with recognizing other-than-temporary impairments.

154


       The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 assets and liabilities held at fair value on a recurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2010.

 
   
  Total realized and
unrealized gains (losses)
included in:
   
   
   
   
 
($ in millions)

 

   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
  OCI on
Statement of
Financial
Position
   
   
   
   
 
 
  Balance as of
December 31,
2009
  Net
income 
(1)
  Purchases, sales,
issuances and
settlements, net
  Transfers
into
Level 3
  Transfers
out of
Level 3
  Balance as of
December 31,
2010
 

Assets

                                           
 

Fixed income securities:

                                           
   

Municipal

  $ 2,706   $ (40 ) $ 46   $ (588 ) $ 38   $ (146 ) $ 2,016  
   

Corporate

    2,241     5     115     (167 )   444     (730 )   1,908  
   

Foreign government

    20             (20 )            
   

RMBS

    1,671     (421 )   736     (135 )       (57 )   1,794  
   

CMBS

    1,404     (233 )   592     (526 )   107     (421 )   923  
   

ABS

    2,001     55     275     553         (467 )   2,417  
   

Redeemable preferred stock

    2             (1 )           1  
                               
     

Total fixed income securities

    10,045     (634 )   1,764     (884 )   589     (1,821 )   9,059  
 

Equity securities

    69     8     5     (12 )       (7 )   63  
 

Other investments:

                                           
   

Free-standing derivatives, net

    55     (202 )       126             (21 (2)
 

Other assets

    2     (1 )                   1  
                               
   

Total recurring
Level 3 assets

  $ 10,171   $ (829 ) $ 1,769   $ (770 ) $ 589   $ (1,828 ) $ 9,102  
                               

Liabilities

                                           
 

Contractholder funds:

                                           
   

Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts

  $ (110 ) $ (31 ) $   $ 3   $ (515 ) $   $ (653 )
                               
   

Total recurring
Level 3 liabilities

  $ (110 ) $ (31 ) $   $ 3   $ (515 ) $   $ (653 )
                               

(1)
The effect to net income totals $(860) million and is reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows: $(901) million in realized capital gains and losses, $73 million in net investment income, $1 million in interest credited to contractholder funds and $31 million in life and annuity contract benefits.
(2)
Comprises $74 million of assets and $95 million of liabilities.

       Transfers between level categorizations may occur due to changes in the availability of market observable inputs, which generally are caused by changes in market conditions such as liquidity, trading volume or bid-ask spreads. Transfers between level categorizations may also occur due to changes in the valuation source. For example, in situations where a fair value quote is not provided by the Company's independent third-party valuation service provider and as a result the price is stale or has been replaced with a broker quote, the security is transferred into Level 3. Transfers in and out of level categorizations are reported as having occurred at the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred. Therefore, for all transfers into Level 3, all realized and changes in unrealized gains and losses in the quarter of transfer are reflected in the Level 3 rollforward table.

       There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during 2010.

       During 2010, certain CMBS and ABS were transferred into Level 2 from Level 3 as a result of increased liquidity in the market and the availability of market observable quoted prices for similar assets. When transferring these securities into Level 2, the Company did not change the source of fair value estimates or modify the estimates received from independent third-party valuation service providers or the internal valuation approach. Accordingly, for securities included within this group, there was no change in fair value in conjunction with the transfer resulting in a realized or unrealized gain or loss.

       Transfers into Level 3 during 2010, including those related to Corporate fixed income securities, included situations where a fair value quote was not provided by the Company's independent third-party valuation service provider and as a result the price was stale or had been replaced with a broker quote resulting in the security being classified as Level 3. Transfers out of Level 3 during 2010, including those related to Corporate fixed income securities, included situations where a broker quote was used in the prior period and a fair value quote became available from the Company's independent third-party valuation service provider in the current period. A quote utilizing the new pricing source was

155



not available as of the prior period, and any gains or losses related to the change in valuation source for individual securities were not significant.

       Transfers into Level 3 during 2010 also included derivatives embedded in equity-indexed life and annuity contracts due to refinements in the valuation modeling resulting in an increase in significance of non-market observable inputs.

       The following table provides the total gains and (losses) included in net income during 2010 for Level 3 assets and liabilities still held as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)
   
 

Assets

       
 

Fixed income securities:

       
   

Municipal

  $ (33 )
   

Corporate

    40  
   

RMBS

    (292 )
   

CMBS

    (28 )
   

ABS

    60  
       
     

Total fixed income securities

    (253 )
 

Equity securities

       
 

Other investments:

    (3 )
   

Free-standing derivatives, net

    (61 )
   

Other assets

    (1 )
       
     

Total recurring Level 3 assets

  $ (318 )
       

Liabilities

       
 

Contractholder funds:

       
   

Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts

  $ (31 )
       
     

Total recurring Level 3 liabilities

  $ (31 )
       

       The amounts in the table above represent gains and losses included in net income during 2010 for the period of time that the asset or liability was determined to be in Level 3. These gains and losses total $(349) million in 2010 and are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows: $(402) million in realized capital gains and losses, $86 million in net investment income, $2 million in interest credited to contractholder funds and $31 million in life and annuity contract benefits.

156


       The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 assets and liabilities held at fair value on a recurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2009.

($ in millions)

 

   
  Total realized and
unrealized gains (losses)
included in:
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
  Total
gains (losses)
included in
net income
for financial
instruments still
held as of
December 31,
2009 
(3)
 
 
  Balance as of
December 31,
2008
  Net
income 
(1)
  OCI on
Statement of
Financial
Position
  Purchases,
sales,
issuances
and
settlements,
net
  Net
transfers in
and/or (out)
of Level 3
  Balance as of
December 31,
2009
 

Assets

                                           
 

Fixed income securities:

                                           
   

Municipal

  $ 2,463   $ (34 ) $ 191   $ (202 ) $ 288   $ 2,706   $ (34 )
   

Corporate

    10,195     (20 )   1,216     (1,411 )   (7,739 )   2,241     53  
   

Foreign government

                80     (60 )   20      
   

RMBS

    2,988     (179 )   283     (470 )   (951 )   1,671     (128 )
   

CMBS

    457     (399 )   804     (42 )   584     1,404     (318 )
   

ABS

    1,714     (202 )   918     21     (450 )   2,001     (122 )
   

Redeemable preferred stock

    2                     2     (1 )
                               
     

Total fixed income securities

    17,819     (834 )   3,412     (2,024 )   (8,328 )   10,045     (550 )
 

Equity securities

    74     (4 )   1     1     (3 )   69     (5 )
 

Other investments:

                                           
   

Free-standing derivatives, net

    (101 )   62         94         55  (2)   180  
 

Other assets

    1     1                 2     1  
                               
   

Total recurring
Level 3 assets

  $ 17,793   $ (775 ) $ 3,413   $ (1,929 ) $ (8,331 ) $ 10,171   $ (374 )
                               

Liabilities

                                           
 

Contractholder funds:

                                           
   

Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts

  $ (265 ) $ 148   $   $ 7   $   $ (110 ) $ 148  
                               
   

Total recurring
Level 3 liabilities

  $ (265 ) $ 148   $   $ 7   $   $ (110 ) $ 148  
                               

(1)
The effect to net income totals $(627) million and is reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows: $(889) million in realized capital gains and losses, $111 million in net investment income, $(3) million in interest credited to contractholder funds and $(148) million in life and annuity contract benefits.
(2)
Comprises $146 million of assets and $91 million of liabilities.
(3)
The amounts represent gains and losses included in net income for the period of time that the asset or liability was determined to be in Level 3. These gains and losses total $(226) million and are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows: $(486) million in realized capital gains and losses, $106 million in net investment income, $(6) million in interest credited to contractholder funds and $(148) million in life and annuity contract benefits.

157


       The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 assets and liabilities held at fair value on a recurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2008.

($ in millions)

 

   
  Total realized and
unrealized gains (losses)
included in:
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
  Total
gains (losses)
included in
net income
for financial
instruments still
held as of
December 31,
2008 (3)
 
 
  Balance as of
January 1,
2008
  Net
income 
(1)
  OCI on
Statement of
Financial
Position
  Purchases,
sales,
issuances
and
settlements,
net
  Net
transfers in
and/or (out)
of Level 3
  Balance as of
December 31,
2008
 

Assets

                                           
 

Fixed income securities:

                                           
   

Municipal

  $ 1,477   $ 3   $ (385 ) $ (205 ) $ 1,573   $ 2,463   $ (5 )
   

Corporate

    12,868     (426 )   (1,402 )   (1,371 )   526     10,195     (379 )
   

Foreign government

    19     1         (6 )   (14 )        
   

RMBS

    5,405     (971 )   (731 )   (1,058 )   343     2,988     (708 )
   

CMBS

    833     (479 )   (291 )   (383 )   777     457     (202 )
   

ABS

    3,769     (316 )   (1,106 )   (853 )   220     1,714     (300 )
   

Redeemable preferred stock

    1     1                 2      
                               
     

Total fixed income securities

    24,372     (2,187 )   (3,915 )   (3,876 )   3,425     17,819     (1,594 )
 

Equity securities

    129     (102 )   5     20     22     74     (5 )
 

Other investments:

                                           
   

Free-standing derivatives, net

    10     (235 )       124         (101 (2)   (106 )
 

Other assets

    2     (1 )               1     (1 )
                               
   

Total recurring
Level 3 assets

  $ 24,513   $ (2,525 ) $ (3,910 ) $ (3,732 ) $ 3,447   $ 17,793   $ (1,706 )
                               

Liabilities

                                           
 

Contractholder funds:

                                           
   

Derivatives embedded in life and annuity contracts

  $ 4   $ (270 ) $   $ 1   $   $ (265 ) $ (270 )
                               
   

Total recurring
Level 3 liabilities

  $ 4   $ (270 ) $   $ 1   $   $ (265 ) $ (270 )
                               

(1)
The effect to net income totals $(2.79) billion and is reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows: $(2.65) billion in realized capital gains and losses, $134 million in net investment income, $6 million in interest credited to contractholder funds and $270 million in life and annuity contract benefits.
(2)
Comprises $13 million of assets and $114 million of liabilities.
(3)
The amounts represent gains and losses included in net income for the period of time that the asset or liability was determined to be in Level 3. These gains and losses total $(1.98) billion and are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows: $(1.81) billion in realized capital gains and losses, $103 million in net investment income, $1 million in interest credited to contractholder funds and $270 million in life and annuity contract benefits.

       Presented below are the carrying values and fair value estimates of financial instruments not carried at fair value.

($ in millions)
  December 31, 2010   December 31, 2009  
 
  Carrying
value
  Fair
value
  Carrying
value
  Fair
value
 

Mortgage loans

  $ 6,679   $ 6,439   $ 7,935   $ 6,336  

Limited partnership interests – cost basis

    1,348     1,481     1,103     1,098  

Bank loans

    363     355     420     391  

       The fair value of mortgage loans is based on discounted contractual cash flows or, if the loans are impaired due to credit reasons, the fair value of collateral less costs to sell. Risk adjusted discount rates are selected using current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar characteristics, using similar types of properties as

158



collateral. The fair value of limited partnership interests accounted for on the cost basis is determined using reported net asset values of the underlying funds. The fair value of bank loans, which are reported in other investments on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, are based on broker quotes from brokers familiar with the loans and current market conditions.

Financial liabilities

($ in millions)
  December 31, 2010   December 31, 2009  
 
  Carrying
value
  Fair
value
  Carrying
value
  Fair
value
 

Contractholder funds on investment contracts

  $ 36,163   $ 35,194   $ 40,943   $ 39,328  

Long-term debt

    5,908     6,325     5,910     6,016  

Liability for collateral

    484     484     658     658  

       The fair value of contractholder funds on investment contracts is based on the terms of the underlying contracts utilizing prevailing market rates for similar contracts adjusted for the Company's own credit risk. Deferred annuities included in contractholder funds are valued using discounted cash flow models which incorporate market value margins, which are based on the cost of holding economic capital, and the Company's own credit risk. Immediate annuities without life contingencies and fixed rate funding agreements are valued at the present value of future benefits using market implied interest rates which include the Company's own credit risk.

       The fair value of long-term debt is based on market observable data (such as the fair value of the debt when traded as an asset) or, in certain cases, is determined using discounted cash flow calculations based on current interest rates for instruments with comparable terms and considers the Company's own credit risk. The liability for collateral is valued at carrying value due to its short-term nature.

6. Derivative Financial Instruments and Off-balance-sheet Financial Instruments

       The Company primarily uses derivatives for risk management, to partially mitigate potential adverse impacts from changes in risk-free interest rates, negative equity market valuations and increases in credit spreads, and asset replication. In addition, the Company has derivatives embedded in non-derivative host contracts that are required to be separated from the host contracts and accounted for at fair value. With the exception of non-hedge derivatives used for asset replication and non-hedge embedded derivatives, all of the Company's derivatives are evaluated for their ongoing effectiveness as either accounting hedge or non-hedge derivative financial instruments on at least a quarterly basis. The Company does not use derivatives for trading purposes. Non-hedge accounting is generally used for "portfolio" level hedging strategies where the terms of the individual hedged items do not meet the strict homogeneity requirements to permit the application of hedge accounting.

       Property-Liability uses interest rate swaption contracts and exchange traded options on interest rate futures to offset potential declining fixed income market values resulting from potential rising interest rates. Property-Liability also uses interest rate swaps to mitigate municipal bond interest rate risk within the municipal bond portfolio. Exchange traded equity put options are utilized by Property-Liability for overall equity portfolio protection from significant declines in equity market values below a targeted level. Equity index futures are used by Property-Liability to offset valuation losses in the equity portfolio during periods of declining equity market values. Credit default swaps are typically used to mitigate the credit risk within the Property-Liability fixed income portfolio.

       Portfolio duration management is a risk management strategy that is principally employed by Property-Liability wherein, depending on the current portfolio duration relative to a designated target and the expectations of future interest rate movements, financial futures and interest rate swaps are utilized to change the duration of the portfolio in order to offset the economic effect that interest rates would otherwise have on the fair value of its fixed income securities.

       Property-Liability uses futures to hedge the market risk related to deferred compensation liability contracts and forward contracts to hedge foreign currency risk associated with holding foreign currency denominated investments and foreign operations.

       Allstate Financial uses foreign currency swaps primarily to reduce the foreign currency risk associated with issuing foreign currency denominated funding agreements and holding foreign currency denominated investments. Credit default swaps are also typically used to mitigate the credit risk within the Allstate Financial fixed income portfolio.

159


       Asset-liability management is a risk management strategy that is principally employed by Allstate Financial to balance the respective interest-rate sensitivities of its assets and liabilities. Depending upon the attributes of the assets acquired and liabilities issued, derivative instruments such as interest rate swaps, caps, floors, swaptions and futures are utilized to change the interest rate characteristics of existing assets and liabilities to ensure the relationship is maintained within specified ranges and to reduce exposure to rising or falling interest rates. Allstate Financial uses financial futures and interest rate swaps to hedge anticipated asset purchases and liability issuances and futures and options for hedging the equity exposure contained in its equity indexed life and annuity product contracts that offer equity returns to contractholders. In addition, Allstate Financial uses interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate risk inherent in funding agreements.

       When derivatives meet specific criteria, they may be designated as accounting hedges and accounted for as fair value, cash flow, foreign currency fair value or foreign currency cash flow hedges. Allstate Financial designates certain of its interest rate and foreign currency swap contracts and certain investment risk transfer reinsurance agreements as fair value hedges when the hedging instrument is highly effective in offsetting the risk of changes in the fair value of the hedged item. Allstate Financial designates certain of its foreign currency swap contracts as cash flow hedges when the hedging instrument is highly effective in offsetting the exposure of variations in cash flows for the hedged risk that could affect net income. Amounts are reclassified to net investment income or realized capital gains and losses as the hedged item affects net income.

       Asset replication refers to the "synthetic" creation of assets through the use of derivatives and primarily investment grade host bonds to replicate securities that are either unavailable in the cash markets or more economical to acquire in synthetic form. The Company replicates fixed income securities using a combination of a credit default swap and one or more highly rated fixed income securities to synthetically replicate the economic characteristics of one or more cash market securities. The Company also creates "synthetic" exposure to equity markets through the use of exchange traded equity index future contracts and an investment grade host bond.

       The Company's primary embedded derivatives are conversion options in fixed income securities, which provide the Company with the right to convert the instrument into a predetermined number of shares of common stock; equity options in Allstate Financial life and annuity product contracts, which provide equity returns to contractholders; equity-indexed notes containing equity call options, which provide a coupon payout that is determined using one or more equity-based indices; and credit default swaps in synthetic collateralized debt obligations, which provide enhanced coupon rates as a result of selling credit protection.

       The notional amounts specified in the contracts are used to calculate the exchange of contractual payments under the agreements and are generally not representative of the potential for gain or loss on these agreements. However, the notional amounts specified in credit default swaps where the Company has sold credit protection represent the maximum amount of potential loss, assuming no recoveries.

       Fair value, which is equal to the carrying value, is the estimated amount that the Company would receive or pay to terminate the derivative contracts at the reporting date. The carrying value amounts for OTC derivatives are further adjusted for the effects, if any, of legally enforceable master netting agreements and are presented on a net basis, by counterparty agreement, in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. For certain exchange traded derivatives, the exchange requires margin deposits as well as daily cash settlements of margin accounts. As of December 31, 2010, the Company pledged $37 million of securities and cash in the form of margin deposits.

       For those derivatives which qualify for fair value hedge accounting, net income includes the changes in the fair value of both the derivative instrument and the hedged risk, and therefore reflects any hedging ineffectiveness. For cash flow hedges, gains and losses are amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income and are reported in net income in the same period the forecasted transactions being hedged impact net income. For embedded derivatives in fixed income securities, net income includes the change in fair value of the embedded derivative and accretion income related to the host instrument. For non-hedge derivatives, net income includes changes in fair value and accrued periodic settlements, when applicable.

160


       The following table provides a summary of the volume and fair value positions of derivative instruments as well as their reporting location in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions, except number of contracts)
  Asset derivatives  
 
   
  Volume (1)    
   
   
 
 
  Balance sheet location   Notional
amount
  Number
of
contracts
  Fair
value,
net
  Gross
asset
  Gross
liability
 

Derivatives designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                   
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Other investments   $ 156     n/a   $ (18 ) $   $ (18 )
   

Foreign currency swap agreements

  Other investments     64     n/a     2     3     (1 )
                           
     

Total

      $ 220     n/a   $ (16 ) $ 3   $ (19 )
                           

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                   
 

Interest rate contracts

                                   
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Other investments   $ 1,469     n/a   $ 65   $ 81   $ (16 )
   

Interest rate swaption agreements

  Other investments     4,161     n/a     50     50      
   

Interest rate cap and floor agreements

  Other investments     226     n/a     (2 )   1     (3 )
   

Financial futures contracts and options

  Other investments     n/a     8,000     3     3      
   

Financial futures contracts and options

  Other assets     n/a     1,420              
 

Equity and index contracts

                                   
   

Options, futures and warrants (2)

  Other investments     64     38,451     359     359      
   

Options, futures and warrants

  Other assets     n/a     292              
 

Foreign currency contracts

                                   
   

Foreign currency swap agreements

  Other investments     90     n/a     6     6      
   

Foreign currency forwards and options

  Other investments     257     n/a     6     7     (1 )
 

Embedded derivative financial instruments

                                   
   

Conversion options

  Fixed income securities     820     n/a     236     238     (2 )
   

Equity-indexed call options

  Fixed income securities     300     n/a     47     47      
   

Credit default swaps

  Fixed income securities     181     n/a     (88 )       (88 )
   

Other embedded derivative financial instruments

  Other investments     1,000     n/a              
 

Credit default contracts

                                   
   

Credit default swaps – buying protection

  Other investments     299     n/a     (5 )   2     (7 )
   

Credit default swaps – selling protection

  Other investments     150     n/a     (8 )   2     (10 )
 

Other contracts

                                   
   

Other contracts

  Other investments     13     n/a              
   

Other contracts

  Other assets     5     n/a     1     1      
                           
     

Total

      $ 9,035     48,163   $ 670   $ 797   $ (127 )
                           

Total asset derivatives

      $ 9,255     48,163   $ 654   $ 800   $ (146 )
                           

(1)
Volume for OTC derivative contracts is represented by their notional amounts. Volume for exchange traded derivatives is represented by the number of contracts, which is the basis on which they are traded. (n/a = not applicable)

(2)
In addition to the number of contracts presented in the table, the Company held 2,768 stock rights and 1,379,932 stock warrants. Stock warrants can be converted to cash upon sale of those instruments or exercised for shares of common stock.

161


 
  Liability derivatives  
 
   
  Volume (1)    
   
   
 
 
  Balance sheet location   Notional
amount
  Number
of
contracts
  Fair
value,
net
  Gross
asset
  Gross
liability
 

Derivatives designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                   
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses   $ 3,345     n/a   $ (181 ) $ 20   $ (201 )
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Contractholder funds         n/a     2     2      
   

Foreign currency swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     138     n/a     (20 )       (20 )
   

Foreign currency and interest rate swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     435     n/a     34     34      
   

Foreign currency and interest rate swap agreements

  Contractholder funds         n/a     28     28      
                           
     

Total

      $ 3,918     n/a   $ (137 ) $ 84   $ (221 )
                           

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                   
 

Interest rate contracts

                                   
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses   $ 4,543     n/a   $ 29   $ 97   $ (68 )
   

Interest rate swaption agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     4,400     n/a     18     18      
   

Interest rate cap and floor agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     3,216     n/a     (22 )   1     (23 )
   

Financial futures contracts and options

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     n/a     15,150     (1 )       (1 )
 

Equity and index contracts

                                   
   

Options and futures

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     64     21,585     (168 )   2     (170 )
 

Foreign currency contracts

                                   
   

Foreign currency forwards and options

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     316     n/a     1     2     (1 )
 

Embedded derivative financial instruments

                                   
   

Guaranteed accumulation benefits

  Contractholder funds     1,067     n/a     (88 )       (88 )
   

Guaranteed withdrawal benefits

  Contractholder funds     739     n/a     (47 )       (47 )
   

Equity-indexed and forward starting options in life and annuity product contracts

  Contractholder funds     4,694     n/a     (515 )       (515 )
   

Other embedded derivative financial instruments

  Contractholder funds     85     n/a     (3 )       (3 )
 

Credit default contracts

                                   
   

Credit default swaps – buying protection

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     1,127     n/a     (13 )   6     (19 )
   

Credit default swaps – selling protection

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     482     n/a     (66 )   1     (67 )
                           
     

Total

      $ 20,733     36,735   $ (875 ) $ 127   $ (1,002 )
                           

Total liability derivatives

      $ 24,651     36,735   $ (1,012 ) $ 211   $ (1,223 )
                           

Total derivatives

      $ 33,906     84,898   $ (358 )            
                               

(1)
Volume for OTC derivative contracts is represented by their notional amounts. Volume for exchange traded derivatives is represented by the number of contracts, which is the basis on which they are traded. (n/a = not applicable)

162


       The following table provides a summary of the volume and fair value positions of derivative instruments as well as their reporting location in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2009.

($ in millions, except number of contracts)
  Asset derivatives  
 
   
  Volume (1)    
   
   
 
 
  Balance sheet location   Notional
amount
  Number
of
contracts
  Fair
value,
net
  Gross
asset
  Gross
liability
 

Derivatives designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                   
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Other investments   $ 45     n/a   $ (3 ) $   $ (3 )
   

Foreign currency swap agreements

  Other investments     23     n/a     (2 )       (2 )
                           
     

Total

      $ 68     n/a   $ (5 ) $   $ (5 )
                           

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                   
 

Interest rate contracts

                                   
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Other investments   $ 1,206     n/a   $ 49   $ 62   $ (13 )
   

Interest rate swaption agreements

  Other investments     8,500     n/a     95     95      
   

Interest rate cap and floor agreements

  Other investments     52     n/a     2     2      
   

Financial futures contracts and options

  Other investments     n/a     30,000     12     12      
   

Financial futures contracts and options

  Other assets     n/a     404              
 

Equity and index contracts

                                   
   

Options, futures and warrants (2)

  Other investments     62     43,850     435     435      
   

Options, futures and warrants

  Other assets     n/a     102              
 

Foreign currency contracts

                                   
   

Foreign currency swap agreements

  Other investments     53     n/a     1     1      
   

Foreign currency forwards and options

  Other investments     476     n/a     5     8     (3 )
 

Embedded derivative financial instruments

                                   
   

Conversion options

  Fixed income securities     936     n/a     312     316     (4 )
   

Equity-indexed call options

  Fixed income securities     475     n/a     89     89      
   

Other embedded derivative financial instruments

  Other investments     1,000     n/a     2     2      
 

Credit default contracts

                                   
   

Credit default swaps – buying protection

  Other investments     329     n/a     (6 )   2     (8 )
   

Credit default swaps – selling protection

  Other investments     93     n/a     (8 )   2     (10 )
 

Other contracts

                                   
   

Other contracts

  Other investments     75     n/a              
   

Other contracts

  Other assets     6     n/a     2     2      
                           
     

Total

      $ 13,263     74,356   $ 990   $ 1,028   $ (38 )
                           

Total asset derivatives

      $ 13,331     74,356   $ 985   $ 1,028   $ (43 )
                           

(1)
Volume for OTC derivative contracts is represented by their notional amounts. Volume for exchange traded derivatives is represented by the number of contracts, which is the basis on which they are traded. (n/a = not applicable)

(2)
In addition to the number of contracts presented in the table, the Company held 101,255 stock rights and 1,352,432 stock warrants. Stock rights and stock warrants can be converted to cash upon sale of those instruments or exercised for shares of common stock.

163


 
  Liability derivatives  
 
   
  Volume (1)    
   
   
 
 
  Balance sheet location   Notional
amount
  Number
of
contracts
  Fair
value,
net
  Gross
asset
  Gross
liability
 

Derivatives designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                   
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses   $ 2,443     n/a   $ (230 ) $   $ (230 )
   

Foreign currency swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     179     n/a     (18 )   3     (21 )
   

Foreign currency and interest rate swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     870     n/a     231     231      
   

Foreign currency and interest rate swap agreements

  Contractholder funds         n/a     44     44      
                           
     

Total

      $ 3,492     n/a   $ 27   $ 278   $ (251 )
                           

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                   
 

Interest rate contracts

                                   
   

Interest rate swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses   $ 6,187     n/a   $ 28   $ 68   $ (40 )
   

Interest rate swaption agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     2,000     n/a     34     34      
   

Interest rate cap and floor agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     3,896     n/a     (16 )   9     (25 )

Equity and index contracts

                                   
   

Options, futures and warrants

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     45     21,098     (214 )   3     (217 )
 

Foreign currency contracts

                                   
   

Foreign currency swap agreements

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     54     n/a     3     3      
   

Foreign currency forwards and options

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     185     n/a     2     2      
 

Embedded derivative financial instruments

                                   
   

Guaranteed accumulation benefits

  Contractholder funds     1,113     n/a     (66 )       (66 )
   

Guaranteed withdrawal benefits

  Contractholder funds     810     n/a     (41 )       (41 )
   

Equity-indexed and forward starting options in life and annuity product contracts

  Contractholder funds     4,321     n/a     (217 )       (217 )
   

Other embedded derivative financial instruments

  Contractholder funds     85     n/a     (3 )       (3 )
 

Credit default contracts

                                   
   

Credit default swaps – buying protection

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     839     n/a     (40 )   5     (45 )
   

Credit default swaps – selling protection

  Other liabilities & accrued expenses     1,195     n/a     (65 )   7     (72 )
                           
     

Total

      $ 20,730     21,098   $ (595 ) $ 131   $ (726 )
                           

Total liability derivatives

      $ 24,222     21,098   $ (568 ) $ 409   $ (977 )
                           

Total derivatives

      $ 37,553     95,454   $ 417              
                               

(1)
Volume for OTC derivative contracts is represented by their notional amounts. Volume for exchange traded derivatives is represented by the number of contracts, which is the basis on which they are traded. (n/a = not applicable)

164


       The following table provides a summary of the impacts of the Company's foreign currency contracts in cash flow hedging relationships in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position for the years ended December 31. Amortization of net gains from accumulated other comprehensive income related to cash flow hedges is expected to be $2 million during the next twelve months.

($ in millions)
Effective portion
  2010   2009  

Gain (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives during the period

  $ 3   $ (35 )

Loss recognized in OCI on derivatives during the term of the hedging relationship

    (22 )   (23 )

Gain reclassified from AOCI into income (net investment income)

        2  

Gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income (realized capital gains and losses)

    2     (3 )

Ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing

             

Gain recognized in income on derivatives (realized capital gains and losses)

         

       For cash flow hedges, unrealized net pre-tax gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income were $(22) million and $(23) million as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The net pre-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive income due to cash flow hedges were $1 million, $(34) million and $44 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       The following tables present gains and losses from valuation, settlements and hedge ineffectiveness reported on derivatives used in fair value hedging relationships and derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010  
 
  Net
investment
income
  Realized
capital
gains and
losses
  Life and
annuity
contract
benefits
  Interest
credited to
contractholder
funds
  Operating
costs and
expenses
  Total gain
(loss)
recognized
in net
income on
derivatives
 

Derivatives in fair value accounting hedging relationships

                                     
 

Interest rate contracts

  $ (139 ) $ 9   $   $ 11   $   $ (119 )
 

Foreign currency and interest rate contracts

        (2 )       (18 )       (20 )
                           
   

Subtotal

    (139 )   7         (7 )       (139 )
                           

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                     
 

Interest rate contracts

        (496 )               (496 )
 

Equity and index contracts

        (91 )       113     18     40  
 

Embedded derivative financial instruments

        (3 )   (28 )   34         3  
 

Foreign currency contracts

        (10 )           (3 )   (13 )
 

Credit default contracts

        (8 )               (8 )
 

Other contracts

                3         3  
                           
   

Subtotal

        (608 )   (28 )   150     15     (471 )
                           
   

Total

  $ (139 ) $ (601 ) $ (28 ) $ 143   $ 15   $ (610 )
                           

165


 

 
  2009  
 
  Net
investment
income
  Realized
capital
gains and
losses
  Life and
annuity
contract
benefits
  Interest
credited to
contractholder
funds
  Operating
costs and
expenses
  Total gain
(loss)
recognized
in net
income on
derivatives
 

Derivatives in fair value accounting hedging relationships

                                     
 

Interest rate contracts

  $ 30   $ 12   $   $ (13 ) $   $ 29  
 

Foreign currency and interest rate contracts

        (9 )       77         68  
                           
   

Subtotal

    30     3         64         97  
                           

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedging instruments

                                     
 

Interest rate contracts

        255                 255  
 

Equity and index contracts

        (160 )       115     24     (21 )
 

Embedded derivative financial instruments

        122     158     (184 )       96  
 

Foreign currency contracts

        7             (10 )   (3 )
 

Credit default contracts

        (18 )               (18 )
 

Other contracts

    (1 )           3         2  
                           
   

Subtotal

    (1 )   206     158     (66 )   14     311  
                           
   

Total

  $ 29   $ 209   $ 158   $ (2 ) $ 14   $ 408  
                           

       The hedge ineffectiveness reported in realized capital gains and losses amounted to gains of $7 million in 2010 and losses of $1 million and $4 million in 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       The following tables provide a summary of the changes in fair value of the Company's fair value hedging relationships in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2010  
 
  Gain (loss) on derivatives   Gain (loss) on hedged risk  
Location of gain or (loss) recognized
    in net income on derivatives
  Interest
rate
contracts
  Foreign
currency &
interest rate
contracts
  Contractholder
funds
  Investments  

Interest credited to contractholder funds

  $   $ (48 ) $ 48   $  

Net investment income

    (33 )           33  

Realized capital gains and losses

    9     (2 )        
                   
 

Total

  $ (24 ) $ (50 ) $ 48   $ 33  
                   

 

 
  2009  
 
  Gain (loss) on derivatives   Gain (loss) on hedged risk  
Location of gain or (loss) recognized
    in net income on derivatives
  Interest
rate
contracts
  Foreign
currency &
interest rate
contracts
  Contractholder
funds
  Investments  

Interest credited to contractholder funds

  $ (26 ) $ 39   $ (13 ) $  

Net investment income

    164             (164 )

Realized capital gains and losses

    12     (9 )        
                   
 

Total

  $ 150   $ 30   $ (13 ) $ (164 )
                   

       The Company manages its exposure to credit risk by utilizing highly rated counterparties, establishing risk control limits, executing legally enforceable master netting agreements ("MNAs") and obtaining collateral where appropriate.

166



The Company uses MNAs for OTC derivative transactions, including interest rate swap, foreign currency swap, interest rate cap, interest rate floor, credit default swap, forward and certain option agreements (including swaptions). These agreements permit either party to net payments due for transactions covered by the agreements. Under the provisions of the agreements, collateral is either pledged or obtained when certain predetermined exposure limits are exceeded. As of December 31, 2010, counterparties pledged $58 million in cash and securities to the Company, and the Company pledged $193 million in cash and securities to counterparties which includes $171 million of collateral posted under MNAs for contracts containing credit-risk-contingent provisions that are in a liability position and $22 million of collateral posted under MNAs for contracts without credit-risk-contingent liabilities. The Company has not incurred any losses on derivative financial instruments due to counterparty nonperformance. Other derivatives, including futures and certain option contracts, are traded on organized exchanges which require margin deposits and guarantee the execution of trades, thereby mitigating any potential credit risk.

       Counterparty credit exposure represents the Company's potential loss if all of the counterparties concurrently fail to perform under the contractual terms of the contracts and all collateral, if any, becomes worthless. This exposure is measured by the fair value of OTC derivative contracts with a positive fair value at the reporting date reduced by the effect, if any, of legally enforceable master netting agreements.

       The following table summarizes the counterparty credit exposure as of December 31 by counterparty credit rating as it relates to interest rate swap, foreign currency swap, interest rate cap, interest rate floor, free-standing credit default swap, forward and certain option agreements (including swaptions).

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  
Rating (1)
  Number
of
counter-
parties
  Notional
amount (2)
  Credit
exposure (2)
  Exposure,
net of
collateral (2)
  Number
of
counter-
parties
  Notional
amount (2)
  Credit
exposure (2)
  Exposure,
net of
collateral (2)
 

AA-

    2   $ 2,322   $ 43   $ 16     2   $ 3,269   $ 26   $ 1  

A+

    5     3,189     16     10     5     12,359     204     57  

A

    3     3,479     17     17     3     2,551     62     30  

A-

    1     89     31     31     1     145     23     23  
                                   

Total

    11   $ 9,079   $ 107   $ 74     11   $ 18,324   $ 315   $ 111  
                                   

(1)
Rating is the lower of S&P or Moody's ratings.
(2)
Only OTC derivatives with a net positive fair value are included for each counterparty.

       Market risk is the risk that the Company will incur losses due to adverse changes in market rates and prices. Market risk exists for all of the derivative financial instruments the Company currently holds, as these instruments may become less valuable due to adverse changes in market conditions. To limit this risk, the Company's senior management has established risk control limits. In addition, changes in fair value of the derivative financial instruments that the Company uses for risk management purposes are generally offset by the change in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged risk component of the related assets, liabilities or forecasted transactions.

       Certain of the Company's derivative instruments contain credit-risk-contingent termination events, cross-default provisions and credit support annex agreements. Credit-risk-contingent termination events allow the counterparties to terminate the derivative on certain dates if AIC's, ALIC's or Allstate Life Insurance Company of New York's ("ALNY") financial strength credit ratings by Moody's or S&P fall below a certain level or in the event AIC, ALIC or ALNY are no longer rated by both Moody's and S&P. Credit-risk-contingent cross-default provisions allow the counterparties to terminate the derivative instruments if the Company defaults by pre-determined threshold amounts on certain debt instruments. Credit-risk-contingent credit support annex agreements specify the amount of collateral the Company must post to counterparties based on AIC's, ALIC's or ALNY's financial strength credit ratings by Moody's or S&P, or in the event AIC, ALIC or ALNY are no longer rated by both Moody's and S&P.

167


       The following summarizes the fair value of derivative instruments with termination, cross-default or collateral credit-risk-contingent features that are in a liability position as of December 31, as well as the fair value of assets and collateral that are netted against the liability in accordance with provisions within legally enforceable MNAs.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Gross liability fair value of contracts containing credit-risk-contingent features

  $ 448   $ 429  

Gross asset fair value of contracts containing credit-risk-contingent features and subject to MNAs

    (255 )   (265 )

Collateral posted under MNAs for contracts containing credit-risk-contingent features

    (171 )   (122 )
           

Maximum amount of additional exposure for contracts with credit-risk-contingent features if all features were triggered concurrently

  $ 22   $ 42  
           

Credit derivatives – selling protection

       Free-standing credit default swaps ("CDS") are utilized for selling credit protection against a specified credit event. A credit default swap is a derivative instrument, representing an agreement between two parties to exchange the credit risk of a specified entity (or a group of entities), or an index based on the credit risk of a group of entities (all commonly referred to as the "reference entity" or a portfolio of "reference entities"), in return for a periodic premium. In selling protection, CDS are used to replicate fixed income securities and to complement the cash market when credit exposure to certain issuers is not available or when the derivative alternative is less expensive than the cash market alternative. CDS typically have a five-year term.

       The following table shows the CDS notional amounts by credit rating and fair value of protection sold as of December 31, 2010:

($ in millions)
    

  Notional amount    
 
 
  AA   A   BBB   BB and
lower
  Total   Fair
value
 

Single name

                                     
 

Investment grade corporate debt

  $ 50   $ 148   $ 103   $ 25   $ 326   $ (4 )
 

High yield debt

                6     6      
 

Municipal

    135                 135     (14 )
                           
   

Subtotal

    185     148     103     31     467     (18 )

Baskets

                                     
 

Tranche

                                     
 

Investment grade corporate debt

                65     65     (19 )
 

First-to-default

                                     
 

Municipal

        100             100     (37 )
                           
   

Subtotal

        100         65     165     (56 )
                           

Total

  $ 185   $ 248   $ 103   $ 96   $ 632   $ (74 )
                           

168


       The following table shows the CDS notional amounts by credit rating and fair value of protection sold as of December 31, 2009:

($ in millions)
    

  Notional amount    
 
 
  AA   A   BBB   BB and
lower
  Total   Fair
value
 

Single name

                                     
 

Investment grade corporate debt

  $ 63   $ 86   $ 84   $ 30   $ 263   $ (12 )
 

High yield debt

                10     10      
 

Municipal

    135                 135     (10 )
                           
   

Subtotal

    198     86     84     40     408     (22 )

Baskets

                                     
 

Tranche

                                     
 

Investment grade corporate debt

                65     65     (27 )
 

First-to-default

                                     
 

Investment grade corporate debt

        45     15         60      
 

Municipal

    20     135             155     (28 )
                           
   

Subtotal

    20     180     15     65     280     (55 )

Index

                                     
 

Investment grade corporate debt

    14     159     408     19     600     4  
                           

Total

  $ 232   $ 425   $ 507   $ 124   $ 1,288   $ (73 )
                           

       In selling protection with CDS, the Company sells credit protection on an identified single name, a basket of names in a first-to-default ("FTD") structure or a specific tranche of a basket, or credit derivative index ("CDX") that is generally investment grade, and in return receives periodic premiums through expiration or termination of the agreement. With single name CDS, this premium or credit spread generally corresponds to the difference between the yield on the reference entity's public fixed maturity cash instruments and swap rates at the time the agreement is executed. With a FTD basket or a tranche of a basket, because of the additional credit risk inherent in a basket of named reference entities, the premium generally corresponds to a high proportion of the sum of the credit spreads of the names in the basket and the correlation between the names. CDX index is utilized to take a position on multiple (generally 125) reference entities. Credit events are typically defined as bankruptcy, failure to pay, or restructuring, depending on the nature of the reference entities. If a credit event occurs, the Company settles with the counterparty, either through physical settlement or cash settlement. In a physical settlement, a reference asset is delivered by the buyer of protection to the Company, in exchange for cash payment at par, whereas in a cash settlement, the Company pays the difference between par and the prescribed value of the reference asset. When a credit event occurs in a single name or FTD basket (for FTD, the first credit event occurring for any one name in the basket), the contract terminates at the time of settlement. When a credit event occurs in a tranche of a basket, there is no immediate impact to the Company until cumulative losses in the basket exceed the contractual subordination. To date, realized losses have not exceeded the subordination. For CDX index, the reference entity's name incurring the credit event is removed from the index while the contract continues until expiration. The maximum payout on a CDS is the contract notional amount. A physical settlement may afford the Company with recovery rights as the new owner of the asset.

       The Company monitors risk associated with credit derivatives through individual name credit limits at both a credit derivative and a combined cash instrument/credit derivative level. The ratings of individual names for which protection has been sold are also monitored.

       In addition to the CDS described above, the Company's synthetic collateralized debt obligations contain embedded credit default swaps which sell protection on a basket of reference entities. The synthetic collateralized debt obligations are fully funded; therefore, the Company is not obligated to contribute additional funds when credit events occur related to the reference entities named in the embedded credit default swaps. The Company's maximum amount at risk equals the amount of its aggregate initial investment in the synthetic collateralized debt obligations.

Off-balance-sheet financial instruments

       The contractual amounts of off-balance-sheet financial instruments as of December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Commitments to invest in limited partnership interests

  $ $1,471   $ $1,432  

Private placement commitments

    159     7  

Other loan commitments

    38     19  

169


       In the preceding table, the contractual amounts represent the amount at risk if the contract is fully drawn upon, the counterparty defaults and the value of any underlying security becomes worthless. Unless noted otherwise, the Company does not require collateral or other security to support off-balance-sheet financial instruments with credit risk.

       Commitments to invest generally represent commitments to acquire financial interests or instruments. The Company enters into these agreements to allow for additional participation in certain limited partnership investments. Because the equity investments in the limited partnerships are not actively traded, it is not practical to estimate the fair value of these commitments.

       Private placement commitments represent conditional commitments to purchase private placement debt and equity securities at a specified future date. The Company regularly enters into these agreements in the normal course of business. The fair value of these commitments generally cannot be estimated on the date the commitment is made as the terms and conditions of the underlying private placement securities are not yet final.

       Other loan commitments are agreements to lend to a borrower provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. The Company enters into these agreements to commit to future loan fundings at predetermined interest rates. Commitments generally have fixed or varying expiration dates or other termination clauses. The fair value of these commitments is insignificant.

7.    Reserve for Property-Liability Insurance Claims and Claims Expense

       As described in Note 2, the Company establishes reserves for claims and claims expense ("loss") on reported and unreported claims of insured losses. The Company's reserving process takes into account known facts and interpretations of circumstances and factors including the Company's experience with similar cases, actual claims paid, historical trends involving claim payment patterns and pending levels of unpaid claims, loss management programs, product mix and contractual terms, changes in law and regulation, judicial decisions, and economic conditions. In the normal course of business, the Company may also supplement its claims processes by utilizing third party adjusters, appraisers, engineers, inspectors, and other professionals and information sources to assess and settle catastrophe and non-catastrophe related claims. The effects of inflation are implicitly considered in the reserving process.

       Because reserves are estimates of unpaid portions of losses that have occurred, including incurred but not reported ("IBNR") losses, the establishment of appropriate reserves, including reserves for catastrophes, is an inherently uncertain and complex process. The ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded amounts, which are based on management's best estimates. The highest degree of uncertainty is associated with reserves for losses incurred in the current reporting period as it contains the greatest proportion of losses that have not been reported or settled. The Company regularly updates its reserve estimates as new information becomes available and as events unfold that may affect the resolution of unsettled claims. Changes in prior year reserve estimates, which may be material, are reported in property-liability insurance claims and claims expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period such changes are determined.

       Activity in the reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense is summarized as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Balance as of January 1

  $ 19,167   $ 19,456   $ 18,865  
 

Less reinsurance recoverables

    2,139     2,274     2,205  
               

Net balance as of January 1

    17,028     17,182     16,660  
               

Incurred claims and claims expense related to:

                   
 

Current year

    19,110     18,858     19,894  
 

Prior years

    (159 )   (112 )   170  
               
   

Total incurred

    18,951     18,746     20,064  
               

Claims and claims expense paid related to:

                   
 

Current year

    12,012     11,905     12,658  
 

Prior years

    6,571     6,995     6,884  
               
   

Total paid

    18,583     18,900     19,542  
               

Net balance as of December 31

    17,396     17,028     17,182  
 

Plus reinsurance recoverables

    2,072     2,139     2,274  
               

Balance as of December 31

  $ 19,468   $ 19,167   $ 19,456  
               

170


       Incurred claims and claims expense represents the sum of paid losses and reserve changes in the calendar year. This expense includes losses from catastrophes of $2.21 billion, $2.07 billion and $3.34 billion in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, net of reinsurance and other recoveries (see Note 9). In 2008, losses from catastrophes included $1.31 billion, net of recoveries, related to Hurricanes Ike and Gustav. These estimates include net losses in personal lines auto and property policies and net losses on commercial policies. Included in 2008 losses from catastrophes are accruals for assessments from the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association ("TWIA") (see Note 13).

       Catastrophes are an inherent risk of the property-liability insurance business that have contributed to, and will continue to contribute to, material year-to-year fluctuations in the Company's results of operations and financial position.

       The Company calculates and records a single best reserve estimate for losses from catastrophes, in conformance with generally accepted actuarial standards. As a result, management believes that no other estimate is better than the recorded amount. Due to the uncertainties involved, including the factors described above, the ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded amounts, which are based on management's best estimates. Accordingly, management believes that it is not practical to develop a meaningful range for any such changes in losses incurred.

       During 2010, incurred claims and claims expense related to prior years was primarily composed of net decreases in auto reserves of $179 million primarily due to claim severity development that was better than expected partially offset by a litigation settlement, net decreases in homeowners reserves of $23 million due to favorable catastrophe reserve reestimates partially offset by a litigation settlement, and net increases in other reserves of $15 million. Incurred claims and claims expense includes favorable catastrophe loss reestimates of $163 million, net of reinsurance and other recoveries.

       During 2009, incurred claims and claims expense related to prior years was primarily composed of net decreases in homeowners and auto reserves of $168 million and $57 million, respectively, partially offset by increases in other reserves of $89 million. Incurred claims and claims expense includes favorable catastrophe loss reestimates of $169 million, net of reinsurance and other recoveries, primarily attributable to favorable reserve reestimates from Hurricanes Ike and Gustav and a catastrophe related subrogation recovery.

       During 2008, incurred claims and claims expense related to prior years was primarily composed of net decreases in auto reserves of $27 million offset by increases in homeowners reserves of $124 million due to catastrophe loss reestimates, and increases in other reserves of $55 million. The $27 million favorable decreases in auto reserves and $55 million unfavorable increases in other reserves includes $45 million of IBNR losses reclassified from auto reserves to other reserves to be consistent with the recording of excess liability policy premiums and losses. Incurred claims and claims expense includes unfavorable catastrophe loss reestimates of $125 million, net of reinsurance and other recoveries, primarily attributable to increased claim loss and expense reserves for litigation filed in conjunction with a Louisiana deadline for filing suits related to Hurricane Katrina.

       Management believes that the reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense, net of reinsurance recoverables, is appropriately established in the aggregate and adequate to cover the ultimate net cost of reported and unreported claims arising from losses which had occurred by the date of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position based on available facts, technology, laws and regulations.

       For further discussion of asbestos and environmental reserves, see Note 13.

8.    Reserve for Life-Contingent Contract Benefits and Contractholder Funds

       As of December 31, the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits consists of the following:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Immediate fixed annuities:

             
 

Structured settlement annuities

  $ 6,522   $ 6,406  
 

Other immediate fixed annuities

    2,215     2,048  

Traditional life insurance

    2,938     2,850  

Accident and health insurance

    1,720     1,514  

Other

    87     92  
           
   

Total reserve for life-contingent contract benefits

  $ 13,482   $ 12,910  
           

171


       The following table highlights the key assumptions generally used in calculating the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits:

Product   Mortality   Interest rate   Estimation method

Structured settlement annuities

  U.S. population with projected calendar year improvements; mortality rates adjusted for each impaired life based on reduction in life expectancy   Interest rate assumptions range from 1.6% to 9.9%   Present value of contractually specified future benefits

Other immediate fixed annuities

  1983 group annuity mortality table with internal modifications; 1983 individual annuity mortality table; Annuity 2000 mortality table with internal modifications; 1983 individual annuity mortality table with internal modifications   Interest rate assumptions range from 0.9% to 11.5%   Present value of expected future benefits based on historical experience

Traditional life insurance

  Actual company experience
plus loading
  Interest rate assumptions range from 4.0% to 11.3%   Net level premium reserve method using the Company's withdrawal experience rates

Accident and health insurance

  Actual company experience
plus loading
      Unearned premium; additional contract reserves for mortality risk

Other:

           
 

Variable annuity
guaranteed minimum
death benefits (1)

  100% of Annuity 2000 mortality table   Interest rate assumptions range from 4.2% to 5.2%   Projected benefit ratio applied to cumulative assessments

(1)
In 2006, the Company disposed of substantially all of its variable annuity business through reinsurance agreements with The Prudential Insurance Company of America, a subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc. (collectively "Prudential").

       To the extent that unrealized gains on fixed income securities would result in a premium deficiency had those gains actually been realized, a premium deficiency reserve is recorded for certain immediate annuities with life contingencies. A liability of $41 million is included in the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits with respect to this deficiency as of December 31, 2010. The offset to this liability is recorded as a reduction of the unrealized net capital gains included in accumulated other comprehensive income. The liability was zero as of December 31, 2009.

       As of December 31, contractholder funds consist of the following:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Interest-sensitive life insurance

  $ 10,675   $ 10,276  

Investment contracts:

             
 

Fixed annuities

    33,166     36,063  
 

Funding agreements backing medium-term notes

    2,749     4,699  
 

Other investment contracts

    514     459  

Allstate Bank deposits

    1,091     1,085  
           
   

Total contractholder funds

  $ 48,195   $ 52,582  
           

172


       The following table highlights the key contract provisions relating to contractholder funds:

Product   Interest rate   Withdrawal/surrender charges
Interest-sensitive life insurance   Interest rates credited range from 0% to 11.5% for equity-indexed life (whose returns are indexed to the S&P 500) and 2.0% to 6.0% for all other products   Either a percentage of account balance or dollar amount grading off generally over 20 years
Fixed annuities   Interest rates credited range from 0% to 9.9% for immediate annuities; (8.0)% to 14.0% for equity-indexed annuities (whose returns are indexed to the S&P 500); and 0.2% to 8.5% for all other products   Either a declining or a level percentage charge generally over nine years or less. Additionally, approximately 26.5% of fixed annuities are subject to market value adjustment for discretionary withdrawals
Funding agreements backing medium-term notes   Interest rates credited range from 0% to 6.5% (excluding currency-swapped medium-term notes)   Not applicable
Other investment contracts:        
  Guaranteed minimum income, accumulation and withdrawal benefits on variable annuities (1) and secondary guarantees on interest-sensitive life insurance and fixed annuities   Interest rates used in establishing reserves range from 1.8% to 10.3%   Withdrawal and surrender charges are based on the terms of the related interest-sensitive life insurance or fixed annuity contract
Allstate Bank deposits   Interest rates credited range from 0% to 5.5%   A percentage of principal balance for time deposits withdrawn prior to maturity

(1)
In 2006, the Company disposed of substantially all of its variable annuity business through reinsurance agreements with Prudential.

       Contractholder funds include funding agreements held by VIEs issuing medium-term notes. The VIEs are Allstate Life Funding, LLC, Allstate Financial Global Funding, LLC, Allstate Life Global Funding and Allstate Life Global Funding II, and their primary assets are funding agreements used exclusively to back medium-term note programs.

       Contractholder funds activity for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 52,582   $ 58,413  

Deposits

    3,438     4,580  

Interest credited

    1,794     2,025  

Benefits

    (1,552 )   (1,588 )

Surrenders and partial withdrawals

    (5,203 )   (5,172 )

Maturities and retirements of institutional products

    (1,833 )   (4,773 )

Contract charges

    (983 )   (918 )

Net transfers from separate accounts

    11     11  

Fair value hedge adjustments for institutional products

    (196 )   25  

Other adjustments

    137     (21 )
           

Balance, end of year

  $ 48,195   $ 52,582  
           

       The Company offered various guarantees to variable annuity contractholders. Liabilities for variable contract guarantees related to death benefits are included in the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits and the liabilities related to the income, withdrawal and accumulation benefits are included in contractholder funds in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. All liabilities for variable contract guarantees are reported on a gross basis on the balance sheet with a corresponding reinsurance recoverable asset for those contracts subject to reinsurance. In 2006, the Company disposed of substantially all of its variable annuity business through reinsurance agreements with Prudential.

173


       Absent any contract provision wherein the Company guarantees either a minimum return or account value upon death, a specified contract anniversary date, partial withdrawal or annuitization, variable annuity and variable life insurance contractholders bear the investment risk that the separate accounts' funds may not meet their stated investment objectives. The account balances of variable annuities contracts' separate accounts with guarantees included $6.94 billion and $7.93 billion of equity, fixed income and balanced mutual funds and $1.09 billion and $568 million of money market mutual funds as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       The table below presents information regarding the Company's variable annuity contracts with guarantees. The Company's variable annuity contracts may offer more than one type of guarantee in each contract; therefore, the sum of amounts listed exceeds the total account balances of variable annuity contracts' separate accounts with guarantees.

($ in millions)
  December 31,  
 
  2010   2009  

In the event of death

             
 

Separate account value

  $ 8,029   $ 8,496  
 

Net amount at risk (1)

  $ 1,402   $ 2,153  
 

Average attained age of contractholders

    66 years     65 years  

At annuitization (includes income benefit guarantees)

             
 

Separate account value

  $ 1,945   $ 2,101  
 

Net amount at risk (2)

  $ 580   $ 906  
 

Weighted average waiting period until annuitization options available

    2 years     3 years  

For cumulative periodic withdrawals

             
 

Separate account value

  $ 735   $ 786  
 

Net amount at risk (3)

  $ 21   $ 42  

Accumulation at specified dates

             
 

Separate account value

  $ 1,100   $ 1,113  
 

Net amount at risk (4)

  $ 64   $ 97  
 

Weighted average waiting period until guarantee date

    7 years     8 years  

(1)
Defined as the estimated current guaranteed minimum death benefit in excess of the current account balance as of the balance sheet date.
(2)
Defined as the estimated present value of the guaranteed minimum annuity payments in excess of the current account balance.
(3)
Defined as the estimated current guaranteed minimum withdrawal balance (initial deposit) in excess of the current account balance as of the balance sheet date.
(4)
Defined as the estimated present value of the guaranteed minimum accumulation balance in excess of the current account balance.

       The liability for death and income benefit guarantees is equal to a benefit ratio multiplied by the cumulative contract charges earned, plus accrued interest less contract benefit payments. The benefit ratio is calculated as the estimated present value of all expected contract benefits divided by the present value of all expected contract charges. The establishment of reserves for these guarantees requires the projection of future separate account fund performance, mortality, persistency and customer benefit utilization rates. These assumptions are periodically reviewed and updated. For guarantees related to death benefits, benefits represent the current guaranteed minimum death benefit payments in excess of the current account balance. For guarantees related to income benefits, benefits represent the present value of the minimum guaranteed annuitization benefits in excess of the current account balance.

       Projected benefits and contract charges used in determining the liability for certain guarantees are developed using models and stochastic scenarios that are also used in the development of estimated expected gross profits. Underlying assumptions for the liability related to income benefits include assumed future annuitization elections based on factors such as the extent of benefit to the potential annuitant, eligibility conditions and the annuitant's attained age. The liability for guarantees is re-evaluated periodically, and adjustments are made to the liability balance through a charge or credit to life and annuity contract benefits.

       Guarantees related to withdrawal and accumulation benefits are considered to be derivative financial instruments; therefore, the liability for these benefits is established based on its fair value.

174


       The following table summarizes the liabilities for guarantees:

($ in millions)





 

  Liability for
guarantees
related to
death benefits
and interest-
sensitive life
products
  Liability for
guarantees
related to
income
benefits
  Liability for
guarantees
related to
accumulation
and withdrawal
benefits
  Total  

Balance, December 31, 2009 (1)

  $ 155   $ 287   $ 108   $ 550  
 

Less reinsurance recoverables

    109     268     107     484  
                   

Net balance as of December 31, 2009

    46     19     1     66  

Incurred guaranteed benefits

    97     (2 )       95  

Paid guarantee benefits

                 
                   
 

Net change

    97     (2 )       95  

Net balance as of December 31, 2010

    143     17     1     161  
 

Plus reinsurance recoverables

    93     210     135     438  
                   

Balance, December 31, 2010 (2)

  $ 236   $ 227   $ 136   $ 599  
                   

Balance, December 31, 2008 (3)

 
$

115
 
$

220
 
$

266
 
$

601
 
 

Less reinsurance recoverables

    81     201     266     548  
                   

Net balance as of December 31, 2008

    34     19         53  

Incurred guaranteed benefits

    13         1     14  

Paid guarantee benefits

    (1 )           (1 )
                   
 

Net change

    12         1     13  

Net balance as of December 31, 2009

    46     19     1     66  
 

Plus reinsurance recoverables

    109     268     107     484  
                   

Balance, December 31, 2009 (1)

  $ 155   $ 287   $ 108   $ 550  
                   

(1)
Included in the total liability balance as of December 31, 2009 are reserves for variable annuity death benefits of $92 million, variable annuity income benefits of $269 million, variable annuity accumulation benefits of $66 million, variable annuity withdrawal benefits of $41 million and other guarantees of $82 million.
(2)
Included in the total liability balance as of December 31, 2010 are reserves for variable annuity death benefits of $85 million, variable annuity income benefits of $211 million, variable annuity accumulation benefits of $88 million, variable annuity withdrawal benefits of $47 million and other guarantees of $168 million.
(3)
Included in the total liability balance as of December 31, 2008 are reserves for variable annuity death benefits of $67 million, variable annuity income benefits of $201 million, variable annuity accumulation benefits of $147 million, variable annuity withdrawal benefits of $119 million and other guarantees of $67 million.

175


9.    Reinsurance

       The effects of reinsurance on property-liability insurance premiums written and earned and life and annuity premiums and contract charges for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Property-liability insurance premiums written

                   

Direct

  $ 26,984   $ 26,980   $ 27,667  

Assumed

    29     41     85  

Ceded

    (1,106 )   (1,050 )   (1,168 )
               
 

Property-liability insurance premiums written, net of reinsurance

  $ 25,907   $ 25,971   $ 26,584  
               

Property-liability insurance premiums earned

                   

Direct

  $ 27,015   $ 27,200   $ 28,021  

Assumed

    34     50     85  

Ceded

    (1,092 )   (1,056 )   (1,139 )
               
 

Property-liability insurance premiums earned, net of reinsurance

  $ 25,957   $ 26,194   $ 26,967  
               

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges

                   

Direct

  $ 2,935   $ 2,757   $ 2,754  

Assumed

    37     39     41  

Ceded

    (804 )   (838 )   (900 )
               
 

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges, net of reinsurance

  $ 2,168   $ 1,958   $ 1,895  
               

Property-Liability

       The Company purchases reinsurance after evaluating the financial condition of the reinsurer, as well as the terms and price of coverage. Developments in the insurance and reinsurance industries have fostered a movement to segregate asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines exposures into separate legal entities with dedicated capital. Regulatory bodies in certain cases have supported these actions. The Company is unable to determine the impact, if any, that these developments will have on the collectability of reinsurance recoverables in the future.

Property-Liability reinsurance recoverable

       Total amounts recoverable from reinsurers as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 were $2.15 billion and $2.21 billion, respectively, including $81 million and $72 million, respectively, related to property-liability losses paid by the Company and billed to reinsurers, and $2.07 billion and $2.14 billion, respectively, estimated by the Company with respect to ceded unpaid losses (including IBNR), which are not billable until the losses are paid.

       With the exception of the recoverable balances from the Michigan Catastrophic Claim Association ("MCCA"), Lloyd's of London and other industry pools and facilities, the largest reinsurance recoverable balance the Company had outstanding was $56 million and $77 million from Westport Insurance Corporation (formerly Employers' Reinsurance Company) as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. No other amount due or estimated to be due from any single property-liability reinsurer was in excess of $37 million as of both December 31, 2010 and 2009.

       The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance was $142 million as of both December 31, 2010 and 2009, and is related to the Company's Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment. In 2010 there were no net recoveries and in 2009 there were $26 million of net recoveries.

Industry pools and facilities

       Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid claims including IBNR as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 includes $1.24 billion and $1.17 billion, respectively, from the MCCA. The MCCA is a mandatory reinsurance mechanism for personal injury protection losses over a retention level that increases each MCCA fiscal year. The retention levels are $480 thousand per claim and $460 thousand per claim for the fiscal years ending June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The MCCA is funded by assessments from member companies who, in turn, can recover assessments from policyholders.

       Ceded premiums earned under the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund ("FHCF") agreement were $15 million, $13 million and $26 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Ceded losses incurred include $10 million, $47 million and $28 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Company has access to reimbursement provided by the FHCF

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for 90% of qualifying personal property losses that exceed its current retention of $70 million for the two largest hurricanes and $23 million for other hurricanes, up to a maximum total of $272 million effective from June 1, 2010 to May 31, 2011. Reinsurance recoverables include $41 million and $53 million recoverable from the FHCF for qualifying property losses as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       Allstate sells and administers policies as a participant in the National Flood Insurance Program ("NFIP"). The total amounts recoverable as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 were $10 million and $43 million, respectively. Ceded premiums earned include $306 million, $298 million and $257 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Ceded losses incurred include $50 million, $111 million and $344 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Under the arrangement, the Federal Government is obligated to pay all claims.

Catastrophe reinsurance

       The Company has the following catastrophe reinsurance treaties in effect as of December 31, 2010:

       The Company ceded premiums earned of $582 million, $616 million and $679 million under catastrophe reinsurance agreements in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Asbestos, environmental and other

       Reinsurance recoverables include $183 million and $190 million from Lloyd's of London as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Lloyd's of London, through the creation of Equitas Limited, implemented a restructuring plan in 1996 to solidify its capital base and to segregate claims for years prior to 1993.

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Allstate Financial

       The Company's Allstate Financial segment reinsures certain of its risks to other insurers primarily under yearly renewable term, coinsurance, modified coinsurance and coinsurance with funds withheld agreements. These agreements result in a passing of the agreed-upon percentage of risk to the reinsurer in exchange for negotiated reinsurance premium payments. Modified coinsurance and coinsurance with funds withheld are similar to coinsurance, except that the cash and investments that support the liability for contract benefits are not transferred to the assuming company and settlements are made on a net basis between the companies. Allstate Financial cedes 100% of the morbidity risk on substantially all of its long-term care contracts.

       For certain term life insurance policies issued prior to October 2009, Allstate Financial ceded up to 90% of the mortality risk depending on the year of policy issuance under coinsurance agreements to a pool of fourteen unaffiliated reinsurers. Effective October 2009, mortality risk on term business is ceded under yearly renewable term agreements under which Allstate Financial cedes mortality in excess of its retention, which is consistent with how Allstate Financial generally reinsures its permanent life insurance business. The following table summarizes those retention limits by period of policy issuance.

Period   Retention limits
July 2007 through current   $5 million per life, $3 million age 70 and over, and $10 million for contracts that meet specific criteria

September 1998 through June 2007

 

$2 million per life, in 2006 the limit was increased to $5 million for instances when specific criteria were met

August 1998 and prior

 

Up to $1 million per life

       In addition, Allstate Financial has used reinsurance to effect the acquisition or disposition of certain blocks of business. Allstate Financial had reinsurance recoverables of $1.63 billion and $1.51 billion as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, due from Prudential related to the disposal of substantially all of its variable annuity business that was effected through reinsurance agreements. In 2010, life and annuity premiums and contract charges of $171 million, contract benefits of $152 million, interest credited to contractholder funds of $29 million, and operating costs and expenses of $31 million were ceded to Prudential. In 2009, life and annuity premiums and contract charges of $170 million, contract benefits of $44 million, interest credited to contractholder funds of $27 million, and operating costs and expenses of $28 million were ceded to Prudential. In 2008, life and annuity premiums and contract charges of $238 million, contract benefits of $467 million, interest credited to contractholder funds of $36 million, and operating costs and expenses of $47 million were ceded to Prudential. In addition, as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 Allstate Financial had reinsurance recoverables of $170 million and $175 million, respectively, due from subsidiaries of Citigroup (Triton Insurance and American Health and Life Insurance), and Scottish Re (U.S.) Inc. in connection with the disposition of substantially all of the direct response distribution business in 2003.

       As of December 31, 2010, the gross life insurance in force was $532.89 billion of which $238.75 billion was ceded to the unaffiliated reinsurers.

       Allstate Financial's reinsurance recoverables on paid and unpaid benefits as of December 31 are summarized in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Annuities

  $ 1,785   $ 1,667  

Life insurance

    1,569     1,535  

Long-term care insurance

    957     851  

Other

    89     90  
           
 

Total Allstate Financial

  $ 4,400   $ 4,143  
           

       As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, approximately 94% and 93%, respectively, of Allstate Financial's reinsurance recoverables are due from companies rated A- or better by S&P.

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10.  Deferred Policy Acquisition and Sales Inducement Costs

       Deferred policy acquisition costs for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

 
  2010  
($ in millions)
  Allstate
Financial
  Property-
Liability
  Total  

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 4,060   $ 1,410   $ 5,470  

Acquisition costs deferred

    483     3,645     4,128  

Amortization charged to income

    (356 )   (3,678 )   (4,034 )

Effect of unrealized gains and losses

    (795 )       (795 )
               

Balance, end of year

  $ 3,392   $ 1,377   $ 4,769  
               

 

 
  2009  
 
  Allstate
Financial
  Property-
Liability
  Total  

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 7,089   $ 1,453   $ 8,542  

Impact of adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance before unrealized impact (1)

    (176 )       (176 )

Impact of adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance effect of unrealized capital gains and losses (2)

    176         176  

Acquisition costs deferred

    495     3,746     4,241  

Amortization charged to income

    (965 )   (3,789 )   (4,754 )

Effect of unrealized gains and losses

    (2,559 )       (2,559 )
               

Balance, end of year

  $ 4,060   $ 1,410   $ 5,470  
               

 

 
  2008  
 
  Allstate
Financial
  Property-
Liability
  Total  

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 4,291   $ 1,477   $ 5,768  

Acquisition costs deferred

    684     3,951     4,635  

Amortization charged to income

    (704 )   (3,975 )   (4,679 )

Effect of unrealized gains and losses

    2,818         2,818  
               

Balance, end of year

  $ 7,089   $ 1,453   $ 8,542  
               

(1)
The adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance on April 1, 2009 resulted in an adjustment to DAC to reverse previously recorded DAC accretion related to realized capital losses that were reclassified to other comprehensive income upon adoption.
(2)
The adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance resulted in an adjustment to DAC due to the change in unrealized capital gains and losses that occurred upon adoption on April 1, 2009 when previously recorded realized capital losses were reclassified to other comprehensive income. The adjustment was recorded as an increase of the DAC balance and unrealized capital gains and losses.

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       DSI activity for Allstate Financial, which primarily relates to fixed annuities and interest-sensitive life contracts, for the years ended December 31 was as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Balance, beginning of year

  $ 195   $ 453   $ 295  

Impact of adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance before unrealized impact (1)

        (35 )    

Impact of adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance effect of unrealized capital gains and losses (2)

        35      

Sales inducements deferred

    14     28     47  

Amortization charged to income

    (27 )   (129 )   (53 )

Effect of unrealized gains and losses

    (96 )   (157 )   164  
               

Balance, end of year

  $ 86   $ 195   $ 453  
               

(1)
The adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance on April 1, 2009 resulted in an adjustment to DSI to reverse previously recorded DSI accretion related to realized capital losses that were reclassified to other comprehensive income upon adoption.
(2)
The adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance resulted in an adjustment to DSI due to the change in unrealized capital gains and losses that occurred upon adoption on April 1, 2009 when previously recorded realized capital losses were reclassified to other comprehensive income. The adjustment was recorded as an increase of the DSI balance and unrealized capital gains and losses.

11.  Capital Structure

Debt outstanding

       Total debt outstanding as of December 31 consisted of the following:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

6.125% Senior Notes, due 2012 (1)

  $ 350   $ 350  

7.50% Debentures, due 2013

    250     250  

5.00% Senior Notes, due 2014 (1)

    650     650  

6.20% Senior Notes, due 2014 (1)

    300     300  

6.75% Senior Debentures, due 2018

    250     250  

7.45% Senior Notes, due 2019 (1)

    700     700  

6.125% Senior Notes, due 2032 (1)

    250     250  

5.350% Senior Notes due 2033 (1)

    400     400  

5.55% Senior Notes due 2035 (1)

    800     800  

5.95% Senior Notes, due 2036 (1)

    650     650  

6.90% Senior Debentures, due 2038

    250     250  

6.125% Junior Subordinated Debentures, due 2067

    500     500  

6.50% Junior Subordinated Debentures, due 2067

    500     500  

Synthetic lease VIE obligations, floating rates, due 2011

    42     42  

Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") advances, due 2018

    16     18  
           
 

Total long-term debt

    5,908     5,910  

Short-term debt (2)

         
           
 

Total debt

  $ 5,908   $ 5,910  
           

(1)
Senior Notes are subject to redemption at the Company's option in whole or in part at any time at the greater of either 100% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date or the discounted sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
(2)
The Company classifies any borrowings which have a maturity of twelve months or less at inception as short-term debt.

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       Total debt outstanding by maturity as of December 31 consisted of the following:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Due within one year or less

  $ 42   $  

Due after one year through 5 years

    1,550     1,592  

Due after 5 years through 10 years

    966     968  

Due after 10 years through 20 years

         

Due after 20 years

    3,350     3,350  
           
 

Total debt

  $ 5,908   $ 5,910  
           

       In May 2009, the Company issued $300 million of 6.20% Senior Notes due 2014 and $700 million of 7.45% Senior Notes due 2019. The proceeds of this issuance were used for general corporate purposes, including to facilitate the repayment of the $750 million of 7.20% Senior Notes that matured on December 1, 2009.

       The Company has outstanding $500 million of Series A 6.50% and $500 million of Series B 6.125% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Debentures (together the "Debentures"). The scheduled maturity dates for the Debentures are May 15, 2057 and May 15, 2037 for Series A and Series B, respectively, with a final maturity date of May 15, 2067. The Debentures may be redeemed (i) in whole or in part, at any time on or after May 15, 2037 or May 15, 2017 for Series A and Series B, respectively, at their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, or (ii) in certain circumstances, in whole or in part, prior to May 15, 2037 and May 15, 2017 for Series A and Series B, respectively, at their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption or, if greater, a make-whole price.

       Interest on the Debentures is payable semi-annually at the stated fixed annual rate to May 15, 2037 and May 15, 2017 for Series A and Series B, respectively, and then payable quarterly at an annual rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 2.12% and 1.935% for Series A and Series B, respectively. The Company may elect at one or more times to defer payment of interest on the Debentures for one or more consecutive interest periods that do not exceed 10 years. Interest compounds during such deferral periods at the rate in effect for each period. The interest deferral feature obligates the Company in certain circumstances to issue common stock or certain other types of securities if it cannot otherwise raise sufficient funds to make the required interest payments. The Company has reserved 75 million shares of its authorized and unissued common stock to satisfy this obligation.

       In connection with the issuance of the Debentures, the Company entered into replacement capital covenants. These covenants are not intended for the benefit of the holders of the Debentures and may not be enforced by them. Rather, they are for the benefit of holders of one or more other designated series of the Company's indebtedness, initially the 6.90% Senior Debentures due 2038. Pursuant to these covenants, the Company has agreed that it will not repay, redeem, or purchase the Debentures on or before May 15, 2067 and May 15, 2047 for Series A and Series B, respectively, unless, subject to certain limitations, the Company has received proceeds in specified amounts from the issuance of specified securities. These covenants terminate in 2067 and 2047 for Series A and Series B, respectively, or earlier upon the occurrence of certain events, including an acceleration of the Debentures of the particular series due to the occurrence of an event of default. An event of default, as defined by the supplemental indentures, includes default in the payment of interest or principal and bankruptcy proceedings.

       The Company is the primary beneficiary of a consolidated VIE used to acquire up to 38 automotive collision repair stores ("synthetic lease"). In 2006, the Company renewed the synthetic lease for a five-year term at a floating rate due 2011. The Company's Consolidated Statements of Financial Position include $42 million of property and equipment, net, and long-term debt as of both December 31, 2010 and 2009.

       The Allstate Bank received a $10 million long-term advance from the FHLB in April 2008, and another $10 million advance in September 2008. The FHLB advances are secured with fixed income securities pledged to the FHLB. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, $2 million, $1 million and $1 million was repaid on the advances, respectively.

       To manage short-term liquidity, the Company maintains a commercial paper program and a credit facility as a potential source of funds. These include a $1.00 billion unsecured revolving credit facility and a commercial paper program with a borrowing limit of $1.00 billion. The credit facility has an initial term of five years expiring in 2012 with two optional one-year extensions that can be exercised at the end of any of the remaining anniversary years of the facility upon approval of existing or replacement lenders providing more than two-thirds of the commitments to lend. This facility also contains an increase provision that would allow up to an additional $500 million of borrowing provided the increased portion could be fully syndicated at a later date among existing or new lenders. This facility has a financial

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covenant requiring the Company not to exceed a 37.5% debt to capital resources ratio as defined in the agreement. Although the right to borrow under the facility is not subject to a minimum rating requirement, the costs of maintaining the facility and borrowing under it are based on the ratings of the Company's senior, unsecured, nonguaranteed long-term debt. The total amount outstanding at any point in time under the combination of the commercial paper program and the credit facility cannot exceed the amount that can be borrowed under the credit facility. No amounts were outstanding under the credit facility as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. The Company had no commercial paper outstanding as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.

       The Company paid $363 million, $383 million and $347 million of interest on debt in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       During 2009, the Company filed a universal shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") that expires in 2012. The registration statement covers an unspecified amount of securities and can be used to issue debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, warrants, stock purchase contracts, stock purchase units and securities of trust subsidiaries.

Capital stock

       The Company had 900 million shares of issued common stock of which 533 million shares were outstanding and 367 million shares were held in treasury as of December 31, 2010. In 2010, the Company reacquired 5 million shares at an average cost of $30.59 and reissued 2 million shares under equity incentive plans.

12.  Company Restructuring

       The Company undertakes various programs to reduce expenses. These programs generally involve a reduction in staffing levels, and in certain cases, office closures. Restructuring and related charges include employee termination and relocation benefits, and post-exit rent expenses in connection with these programs, and non-cash charges resulting from pension benefit payments made to agents in connection with the 1999 reorganization of Allstate's multiple agency programs to a single exclusive agency program. In 2010, restructuring programs primarily relate to Allstate Protection's claim and field sales office consolidations and realignment of litigation services. The expenses related to these activities are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as restructuring and related charges, and totaled $30 million, $130 million and $23 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       The following table presents changes in the restructuring liability during the year ended December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)
  Employee
costs
  Exit
costs
  Total
liability
 

Balance as of December 31, 2009

  $ 45   $ 6   $ 51  

Expense incurred

    20     2     22  

Adjustments to liability

    (16 )   (1 )   (17 )

Payments applied against liability

    (36 )   (4 )   (40 )
               

Balance as of December 31, 2010

  $ 13   $ 3   $ 16  
               

       The payments applied against the liability for employee costs primarily reflect severance costs, and the payments for exit costs generally consist of post-exit rent expenses and contract termination penalties. As of December 31, 2010, the cumulative amount incurred to date for active programs totaled $161 million for employee costs and $45 million for exit costs.

13.  Commitments, Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities

Leases

       The Company leases certain office facilities and computer equipment. Total rent expense for all leases was $256 million, $267 million and $294 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

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       Minimum rental commitments under noncancelable capital and operating leases with an initial or remaining term of more than one year as of December 31, 2010 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  Capital
leases
  Operating
leases
 

2011

  $ 7   $ 199  

2012

    7     157  

2013

    8     103  

2014

    6     62  

2015

    2     47  

Thereafter

    15     64  
           

Total

  $ 45   $ 632  
           

Present value of minimum capital lease payments

  $ 35        
             

Shared markets and state facility assessments

       The Company is required to participate in assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities and joint underwriting associations in various states that provide insurance coverage to individuals or entities that otherwise are unable to purchase such coverage from private insurers. Underwriting results related to these arrangements, which tend to be adverse, have been immaterial to the Company's results of operations. Because of the Company's participation, it may be exposed to losses that surpass the capitalization of these facilities and/or assessments from these facilities.

       Castle Key is subject to assessments from Citizens Property Insurance Corporation in the state of Florida ("FL Citizens"), which was initially created by the state of Florida to provide insurance to property owners unable to obtain coverage in the private insurance market. FL Citizens, at the discretion and direction of its Board of Governors ("FL Citizens Board"), can levy a regular assessment on assessable insurers and assessable insureds for a deficit in any calendar year up to a maximum of the greater of 6% of the deficit or 6% of Florida property premiums industry-wide for the prior year. Prior to July 2008, the assessment rate was 10%. The base of assessable insurers includes all property and casualty premiums in the state, except workers' compensation, medical malpractice, accident and health insurance and policies written under the NFIP. An insurer may recoup a regular assessment through a surcharge to policyholders. In order to recoup this assessment, an insurer must file for a policy surcharge with the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation ("FL OIR") at least fifteen days prior to imposing the surcharge on policies. If a deficit remains after the regular assessment, FL Citizens can also levy emergency assessments in the current and subsequent years. Companies are required to collect the emergency assessments directly from residential property policyholders and remit to FL Citizens as collected.

       FL Citizens reported losses from Hurricane Wilma in 2005, which followed a deficit for the 2004 plan year. The FL Citizens Board certified the 2005 FL Citizens deficit at $1.73 billion of which $920 million was to be funded through a regular assessment. The Company paid its portion of the deficit assessment totaling $14 million during 2006 and has recouped $12 million as of December 31, 2010. The remainder of the deficit was funded by bonds issued in 2006.

       The Company is also subject to assessments from Louisiana Citizens Property Insurance Corporation ("LA Citizens"). LA Citizens can levy a regular assessment on participating companies for a deficit in any calendar year up to a maximum of the greater of 10% of the calendar year deficit or 10% of Louisiana direct property premiums industry-wide for the prior calendar year.

Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund

       Castle Key participates in the mandatory coverage provided by the FHCF and therefore has access to reimbursements on certain qualifying Florida hurricane losses from the FHCF (see Note 9), has exposure to assessments and pays annual premiums to the FHCF for this reimbursement protection. The FHCF has the authority to issue bonds to pay its obligations to insurers participating in the mandatory coverage in excess of its capital balances. Payment of these bonds is funded by emergency assessments on all property and casualty premiums in the state, except workers' compensation, medical malpractice, accident and health insurance and policies written under the NFIP. The FHCF emergency assessments are limited to 6% of premiums per year beginning the first year in which reimbursements require bonding, and up to a total of 10% of premiums per year for assessments in the second and subsequent years, if required to fund additional bonding. The FHCF issued $625 million in bonds in 2008, and the FL OIR ordered an emergency assessment of 1% of premiums collected for all policies renewed after January 1, 2007. The FHCF issued $676 million in bonds in 2010 and the FL OIR ordered an emergency assessment of 1.3% of premiums collected

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for all policies written or renewed after January 1, 2011. As required, companies will collect the FHCF emergency assessments directly from policyholders and remit them to the FHCF as they are collected.

       Facilities such as FL Citizens, LA Citizens and the FHCF are generally designed so that the ultimate cost is borne by policyholders; however, the exposure to assessments and the availability of recoupments or premium rate increases from these facilities may not offset each other in the Company's financial statements. Moreover, even if they do offset each other, they may not offset each other in financial statements for the same fiscal period due to the ultimate timing of the assessments and recoupments or premium rate increases, as well as the possibility of policies not being renewed in subsequent years.

California Earthquake Authority

       Exposure to certain potential losses from earthquakes in California is limited by the Company's participation in the California Earthquake Authority ("CEA"), which provides insurance for California earthquake losses. The CEA is a privately-financed, publicly-managed state agency created to provide insurance coverage for earthquake damage. Insurers selling homeowners insurance in California are required to offer earthquake insurance to their customers either through their company or by participation in the CEA. The Company's homeowners policies continue to include coverages for losses caused by explosions, theft, glass breakage and fires following an earthquake, which are not underwritten by the CEA.

       As of October 31, 2010, the CEA's capital balance was approximately $3.68 billion. Should losses arising from an earthquake cause a deficit in the CEA, additional funding would be obtained from the proceeds of revenue bonds the CEA may issue, an existing $3.12 billion reinsurance layer, and finally, if needed, assessments on participating insurance companies. The authority of the CEA to assess participating insurers extends through December 1, 2018. Participating insurers are required to pay an assessment, currently estimated not to exceed $1.56 billion, if the capital of the CEA falls below $350 million. Participating insurers are required to pay a second additional assessment, currently estimated not to exceed $1.09 billion, if aggregate CEA earthquake losses exceed $9.77 billion and the capital of the CEA falls below $350 million. Within the limits previously described, the assessment could be intended to restore the CEA's capital to a level of $350 million. There is no provision that allows insurers to recover assessments through a premium surcharge or other mechanism. The CEA's projected aggregate claim paying capacity is $9.77 billion as of October 31, 2010 and if an event were to result in claims greater than its capacity, affected policyholders would be paid a prorated portion of their covered losses.

       All future assessments on participating CEA insurers are based on their CEA insurance market share as of December 31 of the preceding year. As of April 1, 2010, the Company's share of the CEA was 17.2%. The Company does not expect its CEA market share to materially change. At this level, the Company's maximum possible CEA assessment would be $456 million during 2011. Accordingly, assessments from the CEA for a particular quarter or annual period may be material to the results of operations and cash flows, but not the financial position of the Company. Management believes the Company's exposure to earthquake losses in California has been significantly reduced as a result of its participation in the CEA.

Texas Windstorm Insurance Association

       The Company participates in the mandatory coverage provided by the TWIA, for losses relating to hurricane activity. Amounts assessed to each company are allocated based upon its proportion of business written. In September 2008, TWIA assessed the Company $66 million for losses relating to Hurricane Ike. The assessment was based on 2007 direct voluntary writings in the State of Texas. The Company expects to recoup $35 million of the assessment via premium tax offsets over a five year period. $7 million of the total recoupable amount was realized via premium tax offsets in both 2009 and 2010. The remaining $31 million of the assessment was eligible for cession under the Company's reinsurance program. The TWIA board has not indicated the likelihood of any possible future assessments to insurers at this time. However, assessments from the TWIA for a particular quarter or annual period may be material to the results of operations and cash flows, but not the financial position of the Company. Management believes the Company's exposure to losses in Texas has been significantly reduced as a result of its participation in the TWIA.

Guaranty funds

       Under state insurance guaranty fund laws, insurers doing business in a state can be assessed, up to prescribed limits, for certain obligations of insolvent insurance companies to policyholders and claimants. Amounts assessed to each company are typically related to its proportion of business written in each state. The Company's policy is to accrue assessments when the entity for which the insolvency relates has met its state of domicile's statutory definition of insolvency, the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable and the related premium upon which the assessment is based is written. In most states, the definition is met with a declaration of financial insolvency by a court of competent

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jurisdiction. In certain states there must also be a final order of liquidation. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the liability balance included in other liabilities and accrued expenses was $46 million and $106 million, respectively. The related premium tax offsets included in other assets were $25 million and $28 million as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

PMI runoff support agreement

       The Company has certain limited rights and obligations under a capital support agreement ("Runoff Support Agreement") with PMI Mortgage Insurance Company ("PMI"), the primary operating subsidiary of PMI Group, related to the Company's disposition of PMI in prior years. Under the Runoff Support Agreement, the Company would be required to pay claims on PMI policies written prior to October 28, 1994 if PMI fails certain financial covenants and fails to pay such claims. The agreement only covers these policies and not any policies issued on or after that date. In the event any amounts are so paid, the Company would receive a commensurate amount of preferred stock or subordinated debt of PMI Group or PMI. The Runoff Support Agreement also restricts PMI's ability to write new business and pay dividends under certain circumstances. Management does not believe this agreement will have a material adverse effect on results of operations, cash flows or financial position of the Company.

Guarantees

       The Company owns certain fixed income securities that obligate the Company to exchange credit risk or to forfeit principal due, depending on the nature or occurrence of specified credit events for the reference entities. In the event all such specified credit events were to occur, the Company's maximum amount at risk on these fixed income securities, as measured by the amount of the aggregate initial investment, was $64 million as of December 31, 2010. The obligations associated with these fixed income securities expire at various dates on or before July 26, 2016.

       Related to the disposal through reinsurance of substantially all of Allstate Financial's variable annuity business to Prudential in 2006, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, ALIC and ALNY, have agreed to indemnify Prudential for certain pre-closing contingent liabilities (including extra-contractual liabilities of ALIC and ALNY and liabilities specifically excluded from the transaction) that ALIC and ALNY have agreed to retain. In addition, the Company, ALIC and ALNY will each indemnify Prudential for certain post-closing liabilities that may arise from the acts of ALIC, ALNY and their agents, including in connection with ALIC's and ALNY's provision of transition services. The reinsurance agreements contain no limitations or indemnifications with regard to insurance risk transfer, and transferred all of the future risks and responsibilities for performance on the underlying variable annuity contracts to Prudential, including those related to benefit guarantees. Management does not believe this agreement will have a material adverse effect on results of operations, cash flows or financial position of the Company.

       The Company provides residual value guarantees on Company leased automobiles. If all outstanding leases were terminated effective December 31, 2010, the Company's maximum obligation pursuant to these guarantees, assuming the automobiles have no residual value, would be $10 million as of December 31, 2010. The remaining term of each residual value guarantee is equal to the term of the underlying lease that ranges from less than one year to three years. Historically, the Company has not made any material payments pursuant to these guarantees.

       In the normal course of business, the Company provides standard indemnifications to contractual counterparties in connection with numerous transactions, including acquisitions and divestitures. The types of indemnifications typically provided include indemnifications for breaches of representations and warranties, taxes and certain other liabilities, such as third party lawsuits. The indemnification clauses are often standard contractual terms and are entered into in the normal course of business based on an assessment that the risk of loss would be remote. The terms of the indemnifications vary in duration and nature. In many cases, the maximum obligation is not explicitly stated and the contingencies triggering the obligation to indemnify have not occurred and are not expected to occur. Consequently, the maximum amount of the obligation under such indemnifications is not determinable. Historically, the Company has not made any material payments pursuant to these obligations.

       The aggregate liability balance related to all guarantees was not material as of December 31, 2010.

Regulation and Compliance

       The Company is subject to changing social, economic and regulatory conditions. From time to time, regulatory authorities or legislative bodies seek to influence and restrict premium rates, require premium refunds to policyholders, require reinstatement of terminated policies, restrict the ability of insurers to cancel or non-renew policies, require insurers to continue to write new policies or limit their ability to write new policies, limit insurers' ability to change coverage terms or to impose underwriting standards, impose additional regulations regarding agent and broker compensation, regulate the nature of and amount of investments, and otherwise expand overall regulation of insurance products and the insurance industry. The Company has established procedures and policies to facilitate compliance

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with laws and regulations, to foster prudent business operations, and to support financial reporting. The Company routinely reviews its practices to validate compliance with laws and regulations and with internal procedures and policies. As a result of these reviews, from time to time the Company may decide to modify some of its procedures and policies. Such modifications, and the reviews that led to them, may be accompanied by payments being made and costs being incurred. The ultimate changes and eventual effects of these actions on the Company's business, if any, are uncertain.

Legal and regulatory proceedings and inquiries

Background

       The Company and certain subsidiaries are involved in a number of lawsuits, regulatory inquiries, and other legal proceedings arising out of various aspects of its business. As background to both the "Claims related proceedings" and "Other proceedings" subsections below, please note the following:

Claims related proceedings

       The Company is vigorously defending a number of matters in various stages of development filed in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, including individual lawsuits and a statewide putative class action in Louisiana. The Louisiana

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Attorney General filed a putative class action lawsuit in state court against Allstate and other insurers on behalf of Road Home fund recipients alleging that the insurers have failed to pay all damages owed under their policies. The insurers removed the matter to federal court. The district court denied plaintiffs' motion to remand the matter to state court and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ("Fifth Circuit") affirmed that ruling. The defendants filed a motion to dismiss and the plaintiffs filed a motion to remand the claims involving a Road Home subrogation agreement. In March 2009, the district court denied the State's request that its claims be remanded to state court. As for the defendant insurers' motion, the judge granted it in part and denied it in part. Dismissal of all of the extra-contractual claims, including the bad faith and breach of fiduciary duty claims, was granted. Dismissal also was granted of all claims based on the Valued Policy Law and all flood loss claims based on the levee breaches finding that the insurers flood exclusions precluded coverage. The remaining claims are for breach of contract and for declaratory relief on the alleged underpayment of claims by the insurers. The judge did not dismiss the class action allegations. The defendants also had moved to dismiss the complaint on grounds that the State had no standing to bring the lawsuit as an assignee of insureds because of anti-assignment language in the insurers' policies. The judge denied the defendants' motion for reconsideration on the assignment issue but found the matter was ripe for consideration by the federal appellate court. The defendants have filed a petition for permission to appeal to the Fifth Circuit. The Fifth Circuit has accepted review. After the Fifth Circuit accepted review, plaintiffs filed a motion to remand the case to state court, asserting that the class claims on which federal jurisdiction was premised have now effectively been dismissed as a result of a ruling in a related case. The Fifth Circuit has denied the motion for remand, without prejudice to plaintiffs' right to refile the motion for remand after the Fifth Circuit disposes of the pending appeal. On July 28, 2010, the Fifth Circuit issued an order stating that since there is no controlling Louisiana Supreme Court precedent on the issue of whether an insurance policy's anti-assignment clause prohibits post-loss assignments, the Fifth Circuit is certifying that issue to the Louisiana Supreme Court. The issue has been briefed to the Louisiana Supreme Court. That court will hold oral argument on the appeal on March 14, 2011.

       There are one nationwide and several statewide class action lawsuits pending against Allstate alleging that it failed to properly pay general contractors overhead and profit on many homeowner structural loss claims. Most of these lawsuits contain counts for breach of contract, as well as one or more counts asserting other theories of liability such as bad faith, fraud, unjust enrichment, or unfair claims practices. General contractors overhead and profit is an amount that is added to payments on claims where the services of a general contractor are reasonably likely to be required. To a large degree, these lawsuits mirror similar lawsuits filed against other carriers in the industry, some of which have settled. These lawsuits are pending in various state and federal courts, and they are in different stages of development. The Company has reached an agreement to settle on a 48-state basis the nationwide class action. This settlement received preliminary approval from the court on December 6, 2010, and the case was certified as a class for settlement purposes only. The settlement was accrued as a prior year reserve reestimate in property-liability insurance claims and claims expense in 2010. No other classes have been certified against Allstate on this issue. The hearing for final approval of the settlement is scheduled for May 6, 2011.            

       Allstate has been vigorously defending a lawsuit in regards to certain claims employees involving worker classification issues. This lawsuit is a certified class action challenging a state wage and hour law. In this case, plaintiffs sought monetary relief, such as penalties and liquidated damages, and non-monetary relief, such as injunctive relief. In December 2009, the liability phase of the case was tried, and, on July 6, 2010, the court issued its decision finding in favor of Allstate on all claims. The plaintiffs are appealing the decision.

Other proceedings

       The Company is defending certain matters relating to the Company's agency program reorganization announced in 1999. These matters are in various stages of development.

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       In these agency program reorganization matters, plaintiffs seek compensatory and punitive damages, and equitable relief. Allstate has been vigorously defending these lawsuits and other matters related to its agency program reorganization.

Other Matters

       Various other legal, governmental, and regulatory actions, including state market conduct exams, and other governmental and regulatory inquiries are currently pending that involve the Company and specific aspects of its conduct of business. Like other members of the insurance industry, the Company is the target of a number of class action lawsuits and other types of proceedings, some of which involve claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts. These actions are based on a variety of issues and target a range of the Company's practices. The outcome of these disputes is currently unpredictable.

       One or more of these matters could have an adverse effect on the Company's operating results or cash flows for a particular quarterly or annual period. However, based on information currently known to it, management believes that the ultimate outcome of all matters described in this "Other Matters" subsection, in excess of amounts currently reserved, if any, as they are resolved over time, is not likely to have a material effect on the operating results, cash flows or financial position of the Company.

Asbestos and environmental

       Allstate's reserves for asbestos claims were $1.10 billion and $1.18 billion, net of reinsurance recoverables of $555 million and $600 million, as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Reserves for environmental claims were $201 million and $198 million, net of reinsurance recoverables of $47 million and $49 million, as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Approximately 60% and 62% of the total net asbestos and environmental reserves as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, were for incurred but not reported estimated losses.

       Management believes its net loss reserves for asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines exposures are appropriately established based on available facts, technology, laws and regulations. However, establishing net loss reserves for asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims is subject to uncertainties that are much greater than those presented by other types of claims. The ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded amounts, which are based on management's best estimate. Among the complications are lack of historical data, long reporting delays, uncertainty as to the number and identity of insureds with potential exposure and unresolved legal issues regarding policy coverage; unresolved legal issues regarding the determination, availability and timing of exhaustion of policy limits; plaintiffs' evolving and expanding theories of liability; availability and collectability of recoveries from reinsurance; retrospectively determined premiums and other contractual agreements; estimates of the extent and timing of any contractual liability; the impact of bankruptcy protection sought by various asbestos producers and other asbestos defendants; and other uncertainties. There are also complex legal issues concerning the interpretation of various insurance policy provisions and whether those losses are covered, or were ever intended to be

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covered, and could be recoverable through retrospectively determined premium, reinsurance or other contractual agreements. Courts have reached different and sometimes inconsistent conclusions as to when losses are deemed to have occurred and which policies provide coverage; what types of losses are covered; whether there is an insurer obligation to defend; how policy limits are determined; how policy exclusions and conditions are applied and interpreted; and whether clean-up costs represent insured property damage. Management believes these issues are not likely to be resolved in the near future, and the ultimate costs may vary materially from the amounts currently recorded resulting in material changes in loss reserves. In addition, while the Company believes that improved actuarial techniques and databases have assisted in its ability to estimate asbestos, environmental, and other discontinued lines net loss reserves, these refinements may subsequently prove to be inadequate indicators of the extent of probable losses. Due to the uncertainties and factors described above, management believes it is not practicable to develop a meaningful range for any such additional net loss reserves that may be required.

14.  Income Taxes

       The Company and its domestic subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return. Tax liabilities and benefits realized by the consolidated group are allocated as generated by the respective entities.

       The Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") is currently examining the Company's 2007 and 2008 federal income tax returns. The IRS has completed its examination of the Company's federal income tax returns for 2005-2006 and the case is under consideration at the IRS Appeals Office. The Company's tax years prior to 2005 have been examined by the IRS and the statute of limitations has expired on those years. Any adjustments that may result from IRS examinations of tax returns are not expected to have a material effect on the results of operations, cash flows or financial position of the Company.

       The reconciliation of the change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Balance — beginning of year

  $ 22   $ 21   $ 76  

Increase for tax positions taken in a prior year

    1         1  

Decrease for tax positions taken in a prior year

             

Increase for tax positions taken in the current year

    2     1     4  

Decrease for tax positions taken in the current year

             

Increase (decrease) for settlements

            (60 )

Reductions due to lapse of statute of limitations

             
               

Balance — end of year

  $ 25   $ 22   $ 21  
               

       The Company believes it is reasonably possible that the liability balance will be reduced by $25 million within the next twelve months upon the resolution of an outstanding issue resulting from the 2005-2006 IRS examination. Because of the impact of deferred tax accounting, recognition of previously unrecognized tax benefits is not expected to impact the Company's effective tax rate.

       The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The Company did not record interest income or expense relating to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense in 2010. The Company recorded $0.1 million and $5 million of interest income relating to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense in 2009 and 2008, respectively. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, there was no interest accrued with respect to unrecognized tax benefits. No amounts have been accrued for penalties.

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       The components of the deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Deferred assets

             

Unearned premium reserves

  $ 637   $ 642  

Difference in tax bases of invested assets

    521     346  

Discount on loss reserves

    310     328  

Pension

    229     289  

Life and annuity reserves

    227     375  

Accrued compensation

    201     199  

Alternative minimum tax credit carryforward

    168     99  

Other postretirement benefits

    157     173  

Other assets

    50     128  

Unrealized net capital losses

        466  
           
 

Total deferred assets

    2,500     3,045  

Valuation allowance

    (6 )   (11 )
           
 

Net deferred assets

    2,494     3,034  

Deferred liabilities

             

DAC

    (1,139 )   (1,095 )

Unrealized net capital gains

    (504 )    

Other liabilities

    (67 )   (69 )
           
 

Total deferred liabilities

    (1,710 )   (1,164 )
           
   

Net deferred asset

  $ 784   $ 1,870  
           

       Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance, will be realized based on the Company's assessment that the deductions ultimately recognized for tax purposes will be fully utilized. The valuation allowance for deferred tax assets decreased by $5 million in 2010.

       The components of income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Current

  $ 133   $ (18 ) $ (874 )

Deferred (including $208 million tax benefit of operating loss carryforward in 2008)

    65     412     (472 )
               
 

Total income tax expense (benefit)

  $ 198   $ 394   $ (1,346 )
               

       As of December 31, 2010, the Company has tax credit carryforwards of $6 million which will be available to offset future tax liabilities. These carryforwards will expire at the end of 2029 and 2030. In addition, the Company has an alternative minimum tax credit carryforward of $168 million which will be available to offset future tax liabilities indefinitely.

       Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2009 includes expense of $254 million attributable to an increase in the valuation allowance relating to the deferred tax asset on capital losses recorded in the first quarter of 2009. This valuation allowance was released in connection with the adoption of new OTTI accounting guidance on April 1, 2009; however, the release was recorded as an increase to retained income and therefore did not reverse the amount recorded in income tax expense. The release of the valuation allowance is related to the reversal of previously recorded other-than-temporary impairment write-downs that would not have been recorded under the new OTTI accounting guidance.

       The Company received refunds of $8 million and $1.25 billion in 2010 and 2009, respectively, and paid income taxes of $511 million in 2008. The Company had a current income tax receivable of $129 million and $264 million as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

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       A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate on income from operations for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

 
  2010   2009   2008  

Statutory federal income tax rate – expense (benefit)

    35.0 %   35.0 %   (35.0 )%

Tax-exempt income

    (15.6 )   (20.2 )   (9.4 )

Adjustment to prior year tax liabilities

    (0.2 )   (2.7 )   (0.4 )

Other

    (1.6 )   (0.4 )   0.2  

Valuation allowance

        19.9     0.1  
               

Effective income tax rate — expense (benefit)

    17.6 %   31.6 %   (44.5 )%
               

15.  Statutory Financial Information

       Allstate's domestic property-liability and life insurance subsidiaries prepare their statutory-basis financial statements in conformity with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the insurance department of the applicable state of domicile. Prescribed statutory accounting practices include a variety of publications of the NAIC, as well as state laws, regulations and general administrative rules. Permitted statutory accounting practices encompass all accounting practices not so prescribed.

       All states require domiciled insurance companies to prepare statutory-basis financial statements in conformity with the NAIC Accounting Practices and Procedures Manual, subject to any deviations prescribed or permitted by the applicable insurance commissioner and/or director.

       Statutory accounting practices differ from GAAP primarily since they require charging policy acquisition and certain sales inducement costs to expense as incurred, establishing life insurance reserves based on different actuarial assumptions, and valuing certain investments and establishing deferred taxes on a different basis.

       Statutory net income and capital and surplus of Allstate's domestic insurance subsidiaries, determined in accordance with statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by insurance regulatory authorities are as follows:

($ in millions)
  Net income   Capital and surplus  
 
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009  

Amounts by major business type:

                               
 

Property-Liability (1)

  $ 1,064   $ 1,318   $ 624   $ 12,185   $ 11,679  
 

Allstate Financial

    (430 )   (911 )   (1,983 )   3,454     3,588  
                       

Amount per statutory accounting practices

  $ 634   $ 407   $ (1,359 ) $ 15,639   $ 15,267  
                       

(1)
The Property-Liability statutory capital and surplus balances exclude wholly-owned subsidiaries included in the Allstate Financial segment.

       There were no permitted practices utilized as of December 31, 2010 or 2009.

Dividends

       The ability of the Company to pay dividends is dependent on business conditions, income, cash requirements of the Company, receipt of dividends from AIC and other relevant factors. The payment of shareholder dividends by AIC without the prior approval of the state insurance regulator is limited to formula amounts based on net income and capital and surplus, determined in conformity with statutory accounting practices, as well as the timing and amount of dividends paid in the preceding twelve months. AIC paid dividends of $1.30 billion in 2010, which was less than the maximum amount allowed under Illinois insurance law without the prior approval of the Illinois Department of Insurance ("IL DOI") based on 2009 formula amounts. The maximum amount of dividends AIC will be able to pay without prior IL DOI approval at a given point in time during 2011 is $1.54 billion, less dividends paid during the preceding twelve months measured at that point in time.

       Notification and approval of intercompany lending activities is also required by the IL DOI for transactions that exceed a level that is based on a formula using statutory admitted assets and statutory surplus.

16.  Benefit Plans

Pension and other postretirement plans

       Defined benefit pension plans cover most full-time employees, certain part-time employees and employee-agents. Benefits under the pension plans are based upon the employee's length of service and eligible annual compensation. A

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cash balance formula was added to the Allstate Retirement Plan effective January 1, 2003. All eligible employees hired before August 1, 2002 were provided with a one-time opportunity to choose between the cash balance formula and the final average pay formula. The cash balance formula applies to all eligible employees hired after August 1, 2002.

       The Company also provides certain health care subsidies for eligible employees hired before January 1, 2003 when they retire and their eligible dependents and certain life insurance benefits for eligible employees hired before January 1, 2003 when they retire ("postretirement benefits"). Qualified employees may become eligible for these benefits if they retire in accordance with the Company's established retirement policy and are continuously insured under the Company's group plans or other approved plans in accordance with the plan's participation requirements. The Company shares the cost of retiree medical benefits with non Medicare-eligible retirees based on years of service, with the Company's share being subject to a 5% limit on annual medical cost inflation after retirement. During 2009, the Company decided to change its approach for delivering benefits to Medicare-eligible retirees. The Company no longer offers medical benefits for Medicare-eligible retirees but instead provides a fixed Company contribution (based on years of service and other factors), which is not subject to adjustments for inflation.

       The Company has reserved the right to modify or terminate its benefit plans at any time and for any reason.

Obligations and funded status

       The Company calculates benefit obligations based upon generally accepted actuarial methodologies using the projected benefit obligation ("PBO") for pension plans and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation ("APBO") for other postretirement plans. The determination of pension costs and other postretirement obligations as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 are determined using a December 31 measurement date. The benefit obligations represent the actuarial present value of all benefits attributed to employee service rendered as of the measurement date. The PBO is measured using the pension benefit formula and assumptions as to future compensation levels. A plan's funded status is calculated as the difference between the benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. The Company's funding policy for the pension plans is to make annual contributions at a level that is in accordance with regulations under the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") and generally accepted actuarial principles. The Company's postretirement benefit plans are not funded.

       The components of the plans' funded status that are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
 

  Pension
benefits
  Postretirement
benefits
 
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009  

Fair value of plan assets

  $ 4,669   $ 4,127   $   $  

Less: Benefit obligation

    5,545     5,233     628     666  
                   
 

Funded status

  $ (876 ) $ (1,106 ) $ (628 ) $ (666 )
                   

Items not yet recognized as a component of net periodic cost:

                         

Net actuarial loss (gain)

  $ 2,311   $ 2,442   $ (322 ) $ (286 )

Prior service credit

    (5 )   (8 )   (175 )   (197 )
                   

Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost, pre-tax

   
2,306
   
2,434
   
(497

)
 
(483

)

Deferred income tax

    (807 )   (852 )   186     183  
                   

Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost

  $ 1,499   $ 1,582   $ (311 ) $ (300 )
                   

       The decrease of $131 million in the pension net actuarial loss during 2010 is related to higher than expected returns and higher unrecognized loss amortization through pension expense, partially offset by a decrease in the discount rate. The majority of the $2.31 billion net actuarial pension benefit losses not yet recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost in 2010 reflects the effect of unfavorable equity market conditions on the value of the pension plan assets in prior years, and to a lesser extent decreases in the discount rate. The increase of $36 million in the OPEB net actuarial gain during 2010 is primarily related to a decrease in enrollment of Medicare-eligible retirees and lower claim costs of future retirees. The decrease of $22 million in the OPEB prior service credit is primarily related to amortization of prior service cost.

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       The change in 2010 in items not yet recognized as a component of net periodic cost, which is recorded in unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost, is shown in the table below.

($ in millions)
 

  Pension
benefits
  Postretirement
benefits
 

Items not yet recognized as a component of net periodic cost —
December 31, 2009

  $ 2,434   $ (483 )

Net actuarial loss (gain) arising during the period

    74     (58 )

Net actuarial (loss) gain amortized to net periodic benefit cost

    (208 )   22  

Prior service cost arising during the period

         

Prior service credit amortized to net periodic benefit cost

    2     22  

Translation adjustment and other

    4      
           

Items not yet recognized as a component of net periodic cost —
December 31, 2010

  $ 2,306   $ (497 )
           

       The net actuarial loss (gain) is recognized as a component of net periodic cost amortized over the average remaining service period of active employees expected to receive benefits. Estimates of the net actuarial loss (gain) and prior service credit expected to be recognized as a component of net periodic benefit cost during 2011 are shown in the table below.

($ in millions)
 

  Pension
benefits
  Postretirement
benefits
 

Net actuarial loss (gain)

  $ 154   $ (30 )

Prior service credit

    (2 )   (23 )

       The accumulated benefit obligation ("ABO") for all defined benefit pension plans was $4.82 billion and $4.50 billion as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The ABO is the actuarial present value of all benefits attributed by the pension benefit formula to employee service rendered at the measurement date. However, it differs from the PBO due to the exclusion of an assumption as to future compensation levels.

       The PBO, ABO and fair value of plan assets for the Company's pension plans with an ABO in excess of plan assets were $4.48 billion, $3.79 billion and $3.54 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2010 and $4.99 billion, $4.28 billion and $3.85 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2009. Included in the accrued benefit cost of the pension benefits are certain unfunded non-qualified plans with accrued benefit costs of $132 million and $156 million for 2010 and 2009, respectively.

       The changes in benefit obligations for all plans for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
 

  Pension benefits   Postretirement
benefits
 
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009  

Benefit obligation, beginning of year

  $ 5,233   $ 4,566   $ 666   $ 762  

Service cost

    150     125     12     13  

Interest cost

    320     331     40     52  

Participant contributions

    1     1     22     38  

Actuarial loss (gain)

    239     537     (58 )   105  

Benefits paid (1)

    (407 )   (356 )   (57 )   (77 )

Plan amendment (2)

                (232 )

Translation adjustment and other

    9     29     3     5  
                   

Benefit obligation, end of year

  $ 5,545   $ 5,233   $ 628   $ 666  
                   

(1)
Benefits paid include lump sum distributions, a portion of which may trigger settlement accounting treatment.

(2)
In 2009, the Company amended its postretirement benefits plan offering and financial subsidy for Medicare-eligible retiree medical benefits.

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Components of net periodic cost

       The components of net periodic cost for all plans for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

 
  Pension benefits   Postretirement benefits  
($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

Service cost

  $ 150   $ 125   $ 145   $ 12   $ 13   $ 18  

Interest cost

    320     331     313     40     52     58  

Expected return on plan assets

    (331 )   (398 )   (397 )            

Amortization of:

                                     
 

Prior service (credit) cost

    (2 )   (3 )   (2 )   (22 )   (6 )   2  
 

Net actuarial loss (gain)

    160     15     37     (22 )   (29 )   (24 )

Settlement loss

    48     22     57              
                           

Net periodic cost

  $ 345   $ 92   $ 153   $ 8   $ 30   $ 54  
                           

Assumptions

       Weighted average assumptions used to determine net pension cost and net postretirement benefit cost for the years ended December 31 are:

($ in millions)
  Pension benefits   Postretirement benefits  
 
  2010   2009   2008   2010   2009   2008  

Weighted average discount rate

    6.25 %   7.50 %   6.50 %   6.25 %   6.50 %   6.75 %

Rate of increase in compensation levels

    4.0-4.5     4.0-4.5     4.0-4.5     n/a     n/a     n/a  

Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets

    8.5     8.5     8.5     n/a     n/a     n/a  

       Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of December 31 are listed in the following table.

 
  Pension benefits   Postretirement benefits  
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009  

Discount rate

    6.00 %   6.25 %   6.00 %   6.25 %

Rate of increase in compensation levels

    4.0-4.5     4.0-4.5     n/a     n/a  

       The weighted average health care cost trend rate used in measuring the accumulated postretirement benefit cost is 7.40% for 2011, gradually declining to 4.5% in 2024 and remaining at that level thereafter.

       Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the postretirement health care plans. A one percentage-point increase in assumed health care cost trend rates would increase the total of the service and interest cost components of net periodic benefit cost of other postretirement benefits and the APBO by $3 million and $27 million, respectively. A one percentage-point decrease in assumed health care cost trend rates would decrease the total of the service and interest cost components of net periodic benefit cost of other postretirement benefits and the APBO by $2 million and $19 million, respectively.

Pension plan assets

       The change in pension plan assets for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year

  $ 4,127   $ 3,399  

Actual return on plan assets

    496     531  

Employer contribution

    443     526  

Benefits paid

    (407 )   (356 )

Translation adjustment and other

    10     27  
           

Fair value of plan assets, end of year

  $ 4,669   $ 4,127  
           

       In general, the Company's pension plan assets are managed in accordance with investment policies approved by pension investment committees. The purpose of the policies is to ensure the plans' long-term ability to meet benefit obligations by prudently investing plan assets and Company contributions, while taking into consideration regulatory and legal requirements and current market conditions. The investment policies are reviewed periodically and specify

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target plan asset allocation by asset category. In addition, the policies specify various asset allocation and other risk limits. The pension plans' asset exposure within each asset category is tracked against widely accepted established benchmarks for each asset class with limits on variation from the benchmark established in the investment policy. Pension plan assets are regularly monitored for compliance with these limits and other risk limits specified in the investment policies.

       The pension plans' target asset allocation and the actual percentage of plan assets, by asset category as of December 31 are as follows:

 
  Target asset
allocation
  Actual percentage
of plan assets
 
Asset category
  2010   2010   2009  

U.S. equity securities

    25 - 33 %   25 %   25 %

International equity securities

    17 - 23     18     16  

Fixed income securities

    35 - 48     38     34  

Real estate funds

    3 - 7     4     3  

Private equity funds

    3 - 7     3     4  

Hedge funds

    6 - 9     8     9  

Short-term investments and other

    1 - 3     4     9  
                 

Total (1)

          100 %   100 %
                 

(1)
Securities lending collateral reinvestment is excluded from target and actual percentage of plan assets.

       In general, exposures to an asset category may be achieved either through direct investment holdings or through replication using derivative instruments (e.g., futures or swaps). The notional amount of derivatives used for replication is targeted at 10% and limited to 15% of total assets.

       Outside the target asset allocation, the pension plans participate in a securities lending program to enhance returns. U.S. government fixed income securities and U.S. equity securities are lent out and cash collateral is invested 35% in fixed income securities and 65% in short-term investments.

195


       The following table presents the fair values of pension plan assets as of December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)





 

  Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)
  Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
  Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
  Balance
as of
December 31,
2010
 

Assets

                         
 

Equity securities:

                         
   

U.S. 

  $ 922   $ 216   $ 6   $ 1,144  
   

International

    688     154         842  
 

Fixed income securities:

                         
   

U.S. government and agencies

    722     71         793  
   

Foreign government

        14         14  
   

Municipal

            222     222  
   

Corporate

        836     10     846  
   

RMBS

        89     48     137  
 

Short-term investments

    89     574         663  
 

Limited partnership interests:

                         
   

Real estate funds (1)

            167     167  
   

Private equity funds (2)

            166     166  
   

Hedge funds (3)

            373     373  
 

Cash and cash equivalents

    33             33  
 

Free-standing derivatives:

                         
   

Assets

        9         9  
   

Liabilities

    (2 )           (2 )
                   

Total plan assets at fair value

  $ 2,452   $ 1,963   $ 992     5,407  
                     

% of total plan assets at fair value

    45.4 %   36.3 %   18.3 %   100.0 %

Securities lending obligation (4)

                     
(772

)

Other net plan assets (5)

                      34  
                         

Total reported plan assets

                    $ 4,669  
                         

(1)
Real estate funds held by the pension plans are primarily invested in U.S. commercial real estate.
(2)
Private equity funds held by the pension plans are primarily comprised of North American buyout funds.
(3)
Hedge funds held by the pension plans primarily comprise fund of funds investments in diversified pools of capital across funds with underlying strategies such as convertible arbitrage, equity market neutral, fixed income arbitrage, global macro, commodity trading advisors, long short equity, short biased equity, and event driven strategies.
(4)
The securities lending obligation represents the plan's obligation to return securities lending collateral received under a securities lending program. The terms of the program allow both the plan and the counterparty the right and ability to redeem/return the securities loaned on short notice. Due to its relatively short-term nature, the outstanding balance of the obligation approximates fair value.
(5)
Other net plan assets represent interest and dividends receivable and net receivables related to settlements of investment transactions, such as purchases and sales.

196


       The following table presents the fair values of pension plan assets as of December 31, 2009.

($ in millions)





 

  Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)
  Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
  Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
  Balance
as of
December 31,
2009
 

Assets

                         
 

Equity securities:

                         
   

U.S. 

  $ 888   $ 137   $ 4   $ 1,029  
   

International

    542     121         663  
 

Fixed income securities:

                         
   

U.S. government and agencies

    774     72         846  
   

Municipal

            344     344  
   

Corporate

        565     10     575  
   

RMBS

            61     61  
   

ABS

            32     32  
 

Short-term investments

    60     657         717  
 

Limited partnership interests:

                         
   

Real estate funds

            135     135  
   

Private equity funds

            149     149  
   

Hedge funds

            368     368  
 

Cash and cash equivalents

    10             10  
 

Free-standing derivatives:

                         
   

Assets

    13             13  
   

Liabilities

    (7 )           (7 )
                   

Total plan assets at fair value

  $ 2,280   $ 1,552   $ 1,103     4,935  
                     

% of total plan assets at fair value

    46.2 %   31.4 %   22.4 %   100.0 %

Securities lending obligation

                     
(840

)

Other net plan assets

                      32  
                         

Total reported plan assets

                    $ 4,127  
                         

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       The fair values of pension plan assets are estimated using the same methodologies and inputs as those used to determine the fair values for the respective asset category of the Company. These methodologies and inputs are disclosed in Note 5.

       The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 plan assets for the year ended December 31, 2010.

($ in millions)
   
  Actual return on plan assets:    
   
   
   
 
 
  Balance as of
December 31,
2009
  Relating to
assets sold
during the
period
  Relating to
assets still
held at the
reporting
date
  Purchases,
sales,
issuances and
settlements,
net
  Transfers
into
Level 3
  Transfers
out of
Level 3
  Balance as of
December 31,
2010
 

Assets

                                           
 

U. S. equity securities

  $ 4   $   $ 2   $   $   $   $ 6  
 

Fixed income securities:

                                           
   

Municipal

    344         (2 )   (114 )       (6 )   222  
   

Corporate

    10                         10  
   

RMBS

    61     (10 )   23     (26 )           48  
   

ABS

    32     (1 )       (31 )            
 

Limited partnership interests:

                                           
   

Real estate funds

    135     (4 )   3     33             167  
   

Private equity funds

    149         19     (2 )           166  
   

Hedge funds

    368     (58 )   73     (10 )           373  
                               
 

Total Level 3 plan assets

  $ 1,103   $ (73 ) $ 118   $ (150 ) $   $ (6 ) $ 992  
                               

       The following table presents the rollforward of Level 3 plan assets for the year ended December 31, 2009.

($ in millions)
   
  Actual return on plan assets:    
   
   
 
 
  Balance as of
January 1,
2009
  Relating to
assets sold
during the
period
  Relating to
assets still
held at the
reporting
date
  Purchases,
sales,
issuances and
settlements,
net
  Net
transfers in
and/or (out)
of Level 3
  Balance as of
December 31,
2009
 

Assets

                                     
 

U. S. equity securities

  $ 5   $   $ (3 ) $ 2   $   $ 4  
 

Fixed income securities:

                                     
   

Municipal

    408         22     (48 )   (38 )   344  
   

Corporate

    10     2         17     (19 )   10  
   

RMBS

    99         2     (40 )       61  
   

ABS

                32         32  
 

Limited partnership interests:

                                     
   

Real estate funds

    142         (47 )   40         135  
   

Private equity funds

    133         4     12         149  
   

Hedge funds

    341     10     37     (20 )       368  
                           
 

Total Level 3 plan assets

  $ 1,138   $ 12   $ 15   $ (5 ) $ (57 ) $ 1,103  
                           

       The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets reflects the average rate of earnings expected on plan assets. The Company's assumption for the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is reviewed annually giving consideration to appropriate financial data including, but not limited to, the plan asset allocation, forward-looking expected returns for the period over which benefits will be paid, historical returns on plan assets and other relevant market data. Given the long-term forward looking nature of this assumption, the actual returns in any one year do not immediately result in a change. In giving consideration to the targeted plan asset allocation, the Company evaluated returns using the same sources it has used historically which include: historical average asset class returns from an independent nationally recognized vendor of this type of data blended together using the asset allocation policy weights for the Company's pension plans; asset class return forecasts from a large global independent asset management firm that specializes in providing multi-asset class index fund products which were blended together using the asset allocation policy weights; and expected portfolio returns from a proprietary simulation methodology of a widely recognized external investment consulting firm that performs asset allocation and actuarial services for corporate pension plan sponsors. This same methodology has been applied on a consistent basis each year. All of these were consistent with the Company's long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption of 8.5% as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. As of the 2010 measurement date, the arithmetic average of the annual actual return on plan assets for the most recent 10 and 5 years was 3.5% and 6.0%, respectively.

       Pension plan assets did not include any of the Company's common stock as of December 31, 2010 or 2009.

198


Cash flows

       There was no required cash contribution necessary to satisfy the minimum funding requirement under the IRC for the tax qualified pension plans as of December 31, 2010. The Company currently plans to contribute $263 million to its pension plans in 2011.

       The Company contributed $35 million and $39 million to the postretirement benefit plans in 2010 and 2009, respectively. Contributions by participants were $22 million and $38 million in 2010 and 2009.

Estimated future benefit payments

       Estimated future benefit payments expected to be paid in the next 10 years, based on the assumptions used to measure the Company's benefit obligation as of December 31, 2010 are presented in the table below. Effective January 1, 2010, the Company no longer participates in the Retiree Drug Subsidy program due to the change in the Company's retiree medical plan for Medicare-eligible retirees.

($ in millions)
  Postretirement benefits  
 
  Pension
benefits
  Gross
benefit
payments
 

2011

  $ 292   $ 36  

2012

    313     38  

2013

    321     39  

2014

    356     42  

2015

    375     43  

2016-2020

    2,408     247  
           
 

Total benefit payments

  $ 4,065   $ 445  
           

Allstate 401(k) Savings Plan

       Employees of the Company, with the exception of those employed by the Company's international subsidiaries and Sterling Collision Centers ("Sterling") subsidiary, are eligible to become members of the Allstate 401(k) Savings Plan ("Allstate Plan"). The Company's contributions are based on the Company's matching obligation and certain performance measures. The Company is responsible for funding its anticipated contribution to the Allstate Plan, and may, at the discretion of management, use the ESOP to pre-fund certain portions. In connection with the Allstate Plan, the Company has a note from the ESOP with a principal balance of $22 million as of December 31, 2010. The ESOP note has a fixed interest rate of 7.9% and matures in 2019. The Company records dividends on the ESOP shares in retained income and all the shares held by the ESOP are included in basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding.

       The Company's contribution to the Allstate Plan was $36 million, $78 million and $48 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. These amounts were reduced by the ESOP benefit computed for the years ended December 31 as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Interest expense recognized by ESOP

  $ 2   $ 2   $ 2  

Less: dividends accrued on ESOP shares

    (2 )   (2 )   (2 )

Cost of shares allocated

    2     2     2  
               

Compensation expense

    2     2     2  

Reduction of defined contribution due to ESOP

    11     22     12  
               

ESOP benefit

  $ (9 ) $ (20 ) $ (10 )
               

       The Company made no contributions to the ESOP in 2010 and 2009. The Company contributed $5 million to the ESOP in 2008. As of December 31, 2010, total committed to be released, allocated and unallocated ESOP shares were 0.2 million, 34 million and 5 million, respectively.

       Allstate has defined contribution plans for eligible employees of its Canadian insurance subsidiaries and Sterling. Expense for these plans was $5 million, $6 million and $2 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

17.  Equity Incentive Plans

       The Company currently has two equity incentive plans that permit it to grant nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted or unrestricted shares of the Company's stock and restricted stock units to certain employees

199



and directors of the Company. The total compensation expense related to equity awards was $68 million, $74 million and $85 million and the total income tax benefits were $23 million, $25 million and $29 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Total cash received from the exercise of options was $28 million, $3 million and $33 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Total tax benefit realized on options exercised and stock unrestricted was $11 million, $3 million and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       The Company records compensation expense related to awards under these plans over the vesting period of each grant. The Company records compensation expense for employees eligible for continued vesting upon retirement over the vesting period to the date that the employee is eligible for retirement. As of December 31, 2010, total unrecognized compensation cost related to all nonvested awards was $107 million, of which $63 million related to nonqualified stock options which are expected to be recognized over the weighted average vesting period of 2.36 years and $44 million is related to restricted stock units which are expected to be recognized over the weighted average vesting period of 2.47 years.

       Options are granted under the plans with exercise prices equal to the closing share price of the Company's common stock on the applicable grant date. Options granted to employees under the Allstate plan generally vest 50% on the second anniversary of the grant date and 25% on each of the third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Options granted prior to 2010 vest ratably over a four year period. Options may be exercised once vested and will expire ten years after the date of grant unless the employee retires. For a retirement, employee stock options vest as scheduled. When the options become vested, they may be exercised on or before the earlier of the option expiration date or the fifth anniversary of the employee's retirement. Restricted stock units generally vest and unrestrict 50% on the second anniversary of the grant date and 25% on each of the third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date, except for directors which vest immediately and unrestrict after leaving the board. Restricted stock and restricted stock units granted to employees prior to 2010 vest and unrestrict in full on the fourth anniversary of the grant date. Employee awards are subject to forfeiture upon termination. For terminations due to employee retirement, restricted stock units continue to unrestrict as provided for in the original grant.

       A total of 71.0 million shares of common stock were authorized to be used for awards under the plans, subject to adjustment in accordance with the plans' terms. As of December 31, 2010, 21.2 million shares were reserved and remained available for future issuance under these plans. The Company uses its treasury shares for these issuances.

       The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using a binomial lattice model. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and employee termination within the valuation model. In addition, separate groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. The expected term of options granted is derived from the output of the binominal lattice model and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The expected volatility of the price of the underlying shares is implied based on traded options and historical volatility of the Company's common stock. The expected dividends for 2010 were based on the current dividend yield of the Company's stock as of the date of the grant. The expected dividends for 2009 were based on a graded average of the current and historical long-term dividend yield of the Company's stock as of the date of the grant. The expected dividends for 2008 were based on the current dividend yield of the Company's stock as of the date of the grant. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The assumptions used are shown in the following table.

 
  2010   2009   2008  

Weighted average expected term

    7.8 years     8.1 years     8.1 years  

Expected volatility

    23.7 - 52.3%     26.3 - 79.2%     16.9 - 58.6%  

Weighted average volatility

    35.1%     38.3%     23.1%  

Expected dividends

    2.4 - 2.8%     2.6%     3.1 - 5.8%  

Weighted average expected dividends

    2.6%     2.6%     3.1%  

Risk-free rate

    0.1 - 3.9%     0.0 - 3.7%     0.2 - 4.1%  

200


       A summary of option activity for the year ended December 31, 2010 is shown in the following table.

 
  Number
(in 000s)
  Weighted
average
exercise
price
  Aggregate
intrinsic value
(in 000s)
  Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
 

Outstanding as of January 1, 2010

    34,910   $ 39.64              

Granted

    4,014     31.40              

Exercised

    (1,403 )   20.28              

Forfeited

    (949 )   28.68              

Expired

    (1,276 )   49.90              
                         

Outstanding as of December 31, 2010:

    35,296     39.39   $ 124,033     5.3  
                         

Outstanding, net of expected forfeitures

    34,968     39.51     121,995     5.3  

Outstanding, exercisable ("vested")

    21,470     45.92     22,910     3.7  

       The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted was $9.89, $5.74 and $9.98 during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The intrinsic value, which is the difference between the fair value and the exercise price, of options exercised was $16 million, $428 thousand and $9 million during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       The changes in restricted stock and restricted stock units are shown in the following table for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 
  Number
(in 000s)
  Weighted
average
grant date
fair value
 

Nonvested as of January 1, 2010

    3,368   $ 34.83  

Granted

    1,143     31.32  

Vested

    (527 )   52.65  

Forfeited

    (227 )   30.66  
             

Nonvested as of December 31, 2010

    3,757   $ 31.50  
             

       The fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock units is based on the market value of the Company's stock as of the date of the grant. The market value in part reflects the payment of future dividends expected. The weighted average grant date fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock units granted was $31.32, $17.47 and $48.00 during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The total fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock units vested was $16 million, $11 million and $25 million during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

       The tax benefit realized in 2010, 2009 and 2008 related to tax deductions from stock option exercises and included in shareholders' equity was $4 million, zero and $3 million, respectively. The tax benefit realized in 2010, 2009 and 2008 related to all stock-based compensation and credited directly to shareholders' equity was $0.5 million, $(6) million and $3 million, respectively.

18.  Business Segments

       Allstate management is organized around products and services, and this structure is considered in the identification of its four reportable segments. These segments and their respective operations are as follows:

       Allstate Protection sells principally private passenger auto and homeowners insurance in the United States and Canada. Revenues from external customers generated outside the United States were $741 million, $619 million and $665 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Company evaluates the results of this segment based upon underwriting results.

       Discontinued Lines and Coverages consists of business no longer written by Allstate, including results from asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims, and certain commercial and other businesses in run-off. This segment also includes the historical results of the commercial and reinsurance businesses sold in 1996. The Company evaluates the results of this segment based upon underwriting results.

201


       Allstate Financial sells life insurance, retirement and investment products and voluntary accident and health insurance. The principal individual products are interest-sensitive, traditional and variable life insurance; fixed annuities; and voluntary accident and health insurance. The institutional product line consists primarily of funding agreements sold to unaffiliated trusts that use them to back medium-term notes issued to institutional and individual investors. Banking products and services have been offered to customers through the Allstate Bank. Allstate Financial had no revenues from external customers generated outside the United States in 2010, 2009 and 2008. The Company evaluates the results of this segment based upon operating income.

       Corporate and Other comprises holding company activities and certain non-insurance operations.

       Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages comprise Property-Liability. The Company does not allocate Property-Liability investment income, realized capital gains and losses, or assets to the Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments. Management reviews assets at the Property-Liability, Allstate Financial, and Corporate and Other levels for decision-making purposes.

       The accounting policies of the business segments are the same as those described in Note 2. The effects of certain inter-segment transactions are excluded from segment performance evaluation and therefore are eliminated in the segment results.

Measuring segment profit or loss

       The measure of segment profit or loss used by Allstate's management in evaluating performance is underwriting income (loss) for the Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments and operating income for Allstate Financial and Corporate and Other segments. A reconciliation of these measures to net income (loss) is provided below.

       Underwriting income (loss) is calculated as premiums earned, less claims and claims expenses ("losses"), amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses, and restructuring and related charges as determined using GAAP.

       Operating income (loss) is net income (loss) excluding:

realized capital gains and losses, after-tax, except for periodic settlements and accruals on non-hedge derivative instruments, which are reported with realized capital gains and losses but included in operating income (loss),

(amortization) accretion of DAC and DSI, to the extent they resulted from the recognition of certain realized capital gains and losses,

gain (loss) on disposition of operations, after-tax, and

adjustments for other significant non-recurring, infrequent or unusual items, when (a) the nature of the charge or gain is such that it is reasonably unlikely to recur within two years, or (b) there has been no similar charge or gain within the prior two years.

202


       Summarized revenue data for each of the Company's business segments for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Revenues

                   

Property-Liability

                   

Property-liability insurance premiums

                   
 

Standard auto

  $ 16,530   $ 16,642   $ 17,048  
 

Non-standard auto

    905     966     1,100  
               
   

Total auto

    17,435     17,608     18,148  
 

Homeowners

    6,078     6,077     6,261  
 

Other personal lines

    2,442     2,510     2,558  
               
   

Allstate Protection

    25,955     26,195     26,967  
   

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    2     (1 )    
               
   

Total property-liability insurance premiums

    25,957     26,194     26,967  

Net investment income

    1,189     1,328     1,674  

Realized capital gains and losses

    (321 )   (168 )   (1,858 )
               
   

Total Property-Liability

    26,825     27,354     26,783  

Allstate Financial

                   

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges

                   
 

Traditional life insurance

    420     407     399  
 

Immediate annuities with life contingencies

    97     102     132  
 

Accident and health insurance

    621     460     412  
               
   

Total life and annuity premiums

    1,138     969     943  
 

Interest-sensitive life insurance

    991     944     896  
 

Fixed annuities

    39     45     56  
               
   

Total contract charges

    1,030     989     952  
               
   

Total life and annuity premiums and contract charges

    2,168     1,958     1,895  

Net investment income

    2,853     3,064     3,811  

Realized capital gains and losses

    (517 )   (431 )   (3,127 )
               
   

Total Allstate Financial

    4,504     4,591     2,579  

Corporate and Other

                   

Service fees

    11     9     10  

Net investment income

    60     52     137  

Realized capital gains and losses

    11     16     (105 )
               
 

Total Corporate and Other before reclassification of service fees

    82     77     42  
 

Reclassification of service fees (1)

    (11 )   (9 )   (10 )
               
   

Total Corporate and Other

    71     68     32  
               
   

Consolidated revenues

  $ 31,400   $ 32,013   $ 29,394  
               

(1)
For presentation in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, service fees of the Corporate and Other segment are reclassified to operating costs and expenses.

203


       Summarized financial performance data for each of the Company's reportable segments for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Net income

                   

Property-Liability

                   

Underwriting income (loss)

                   
 

Allstate Protection

  $ 526   $ 1,027   $ 189  
 

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    (31 )   (32 )   (25 )
               
   

Total underwriting income

    495     995     164  
 

Net investment income

    1,189     1,328     1,674  
 

Income tax expense on operations

    (426 )   (558 )   (401 )
 

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

    (207 )   (222 )   (1,209 )
 

Gain on disposition of operations, after-tax

    3          
               
   

Property-Liability net income

    1,054     1,543     228  

Allstate Financial

                   
 

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges

    2,168     1,958     1,895  
 

Net investment income

    2,853     3,064     3,811  
 

Periodic settlements and accruals on non-hedge derivative financial instruments

    51     14     20  
 

Contract benefits and interest credited to contractholder funds

    (3,613 )   (3,655 )   (4,029 )
 

Operating costs and expenses and amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs

    (755 )   (867 )   (1,051 )
 

Restructuring and related charges

    3     (25 )   (1 )
 

Income tax expense on operations

    (231 )   (149 )   (207 )
               
   

Operating income

    476     340     438  
 

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

    (337 )   (417 )   (2,034 )
 

DAC and DSI (amortization) accretion related to realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

    (34 )   (177 )   385  
 

DAC and DSI unlocking related to realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

    (18 )   (224 )   (274 )
 

Non-recurring items, after-tax (1)

            (219 )
 

Reclassification of periodic settlements and accruals on non-hedge financial instruments, after-tax

    (33 )   (9 )   (13 )
 

Gain (loss) on disposition of operations, after-tax

    4     4     (4 )
               
   

Allstate Financial net income (loss)

    58     (483 )   (1,721 )

Corporate and Other

                   
 

Service fees (2)

    11     9     10  
 

Net investment income

    60     52     137  
 

Operating costs and expenses (2)

    (390 )   (419 )   (372 )
 

Income tax benefit on operations

    128     141     107  
               
   

Operating loss

    (191 )   (217 )   (118 )
 

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

    7     11     (68 )
               
   

Corporate and Other net loss

    (184 )   (206 )   (186 )
               
   

Consolidated net income (loss)

  $ 928   $ 854   $ (1,679 )
               

(1)
During the fourth quarter of 2008, for traditional life insurance and immediate annuities with life contingencies, an aggregate premium deficiency of $336 million, pre-tax ($219 million, after-tax) resulted primarily from an experience study indicating that the annuitants on certain life-contingent contracts are projected to live longer than the Company anticipated when the contracts were issued, and, to a lesser degree, a reduction in the related investment portfolio yield. The deficiency was recorded through a reduction in DAC.
(2)
For presentation in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, service fees of the Corporate and Other segment are reclassified to operating costs and expenses.

204


       Additional significant financial performance data for each of the Company's reportable segments for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Amortization of DAC

                   

Property-Liability

  $ 3,678   $ 3,789   $ 3,975  

Allstate Financial

    356     965     704  
               
 

Consolidated

  $ 4,034   $ 4,754   $ 4,679  
               

Income tax expense (benefit)

                   

Property-Liability

  $ 314   $ 612   $ (248 )

Allstate Financial

    8     (82 )   (954 )

Corporate and Other

    (124 )   (136 )   (144 )
               
 

Consolidated

  $ 198   $ 394   $ (1,346 )
               

       Interest expense is primarily incurred in the Corporate and Other segment. Capital expenditures for long-lived assets are generally made in the Property-Liability segment. A portion of these long-lived assets are used by entities included in the Allstate Financial and Corporate and Other segments and, accordingly, are charged expenses in proportion to their use.

       Summarized data for total assets and investments for each of the Company's reportable segments as of December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  

Assets

                   

Property-Liability

  $ 47,573   $ 47,179   $ 45,967  

Allstate Financial

    79,069     81,968     84,929  

Corporate and Other

    4,232     3,505     3,902  
               
 

Consolidated

  $ 130,874   $ 132,652   $ 134,798  
               

Investments

                   

Property-Liability

  $ 35,048   $ 34,526   $ 30,837  

Allstate Financial

    61,582     62,216     61,499  

Corporate and Other

    3,853     3,091     3,662  
               
 

Consolidated

  $ 100,483   $ 99,833   $ 95,998  
               

       The balances above reflect the elimination of related party investments between segments.

205


19.  Other Comprehensive Income

       The components of other comprehensive income (loss) on a pre-tax and after-tax basis for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009   2008  
 
  Pre-
tax
  Tax   After-
tax
  Pre-
tax
  Tax   After-
tax
  Pre-
tax
  Tax   After-
tax
 

Unrealized net holding gains (losses) arising during the period, net of related offsets

  $ 2,523   $ (882 ) $ 1,641   $ 5,015   $ (1,754 ) $ 3,261   $ (10,567 ) $ 3,660   $ (6,907 )

Less: reclassification adjustment of realized capital gains and losses

    (221 )   77     (144 )   (284 )   99     (185 )   (3,509 )   1,228     (2,281 )
                                       

Unrealized net capital gains and losses

    2,744     (959 )   1,785     5,299     (1,853 )   3,446     (7,058 )   2,432     (4,626 )

Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments

    35     (12 )   23     63     (22 )   41     (114 )   40     (74 )

Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost

    142     (48 )   94     (292 )   78     (214 )   (1,103 )   379     (724 )
                                       

Other comprehensive income (loss)

  $ 2,921   $ (1,019 ) $ 1,902   $ 5,070   $ (1,797 ) $ 3,273   $ (8,275 ) $ 2,851   $ (5,424 )
                                       

20.  Quarterly Results (unaudited)

($ in millions, except per share data)
  First Quarter   Second Quarter   Third Quarter   Fourth Quarter  
 
  2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009   2010   2009  

Revenues

  $ 7,749   $ 7,883   $ 7,656   $ 8,490   $ 7,908   $ 7,582   $ 8,087   $ 8,058  

Net income (loss)

    120     (274 )   145     389     367     221     296     518  

Net income (loss) earnings per share — Basic

    0.22     (0.51 )   0.27     0.72     0.68     0.41     0.55     0.96  

Net income (loss) earnings per share — Diluted

    0.22     (0.51 )   0.27     0.72     0.68     0.41     0.55     0.96  

206


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
The Allstate Corporation
Northbrook, IL 60062

We have audited the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Position of The Allstate Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related Consolidated Statements of Operations, Comprehensive Income, Shareholders' Equity, and Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010. We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Item 9A. Controls and Procedures. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company's principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Allstate Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

In 2009, the Company changed its recognition and presentation for other-than-temporary impairments of debt securities.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Chicago, Illinois
February 24, 2011

207


Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures

       Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.    We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon this evaluation, the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that material information required to be disclosed in our reports filed with or submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities Exchange Act and made known to management, including the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

       Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.    Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

       Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010 based on the criteria related to internal control over financial reporting described in "Internal Control – Integrated Framework" issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2010.

       Deloitte & Touche LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K, has issued their attestation report on the Company's internal control over financial reporting, which is included herein.

       Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.    During the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2010, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B.  Other Information

       The following disclosures relate to actions taken by the Board of Directors of The Allstate Corporation and its committees on February 22, 2011 and would otherwise have been reported during the first fiscal quarter of 2011 on a Form 8-K under the heading "Item 5.02. Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers."

       On February 22, 2011, the Board of Directors approved the amendments to the 2009 Equity Incentive Plan to provide for a revised retirement vesting provision and for beneficiary designations by participants; and approved revisions to form of option and restricted stock unit (RSU) award agreements.

208


Part III

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

       Information regarding directors of The Allstate Corporation standing for election at the 2011 annual stockholders meeting is incorporated in this Item 10 by reference to the descriptions in the Proxy Statement under the captions "Management Proposals to be Voted On – Proposal 1. Election of Directors."

       Information regarding our audit committee and audit committee financial experts is incorporated in this Item 10 by reference to the first paragraph of the discussion under the captions "Corporate Governance Practices and Code of Ethics – Board Committees – Audit Committee" in the Proxy Statement.

       Information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is incorporated in this Item 10 by reference to "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the Proxy Statement.

       Information regarding executive officers of The Allstate Corporation is incorporated in this Item 10 by reference to Part I, Item 1 of this report under the caption "Executive Officers."

       We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to all of our employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and controller. The text of our code of ethics is posted on our Internet website, allstate.com.

Item 11.  Executive Compensation

       Information required for Item 11 is incorporated by reference to the sections of the Proxy Statement with the following captions:

209


Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

       Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is incorporated in this Item 12 by reference to the sections of the Proxy Statement with the following captions:

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table includes information as of December 31, 2010 with respect to The Allstate Corporation's equity compensation plans:

Plan Category
  Number of Securities to
be Issued upon Exercise
of Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights
  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights
  Number of Securities
Remaining Available for
Future Issuance under
Equity Compensation
Plans (Excluding
Securities Reflected in
Column (a))
 
 
  (a)
  (b)
  (c)
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders (1)

    39,052,350  (2) $ 35.60     21,028,660  (3)

Total

   
39,052,350

 (2)

$

35.60
   
21,028,660

 (3)
(1)
Consists of the Equity Incentive Plan; the 2009 Equity Incentive Plan, which amended and restated the 2001 Equity Incentive Plan; the Equity Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors; and the 2006 Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors.
(2)
Outstanding restricted stock units ("RSUs") convert to common stock without the payment of consideration. As of December 31, 2010, 3,756,637 RSUs were outstanding. The weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants, and rights excluding RSUs was $39.39.
(3)
Includes 20,899,641 shares that may be issued in the form of stock options, unrestricted stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance units, performance stock, and stock in lieu of cash under the 2009 Equity Incentive Plan; and 313,189 shares that may be issued in the form of stock options, unrestricted stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and stock in lieu of cash compensation under the 2006 Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors.

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

       Information required for Item 13 is incorporated by reference to the material in the Proxy Statement under the captions "Related Person Transactions" and "Corporate Governance Practices and Code of Ethics – Determinations of Independence of Nominees for Election."

Item 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services

       Information required for Item 14 is incorporated by reference to the material in the Proxy Statement under the captions "Management Proposals to be Voted On – Proposal 2. Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accountant."

210


Part IV

Item 15.  (a) (1) Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

       The following consolidated financial statements, notes thereto and related information of The Allstate Corporation (the "Company") are included in Item 8.

Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Quarterly Results
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Item 15.  (a) (2)

       The following additional financial statement schedules and independent auditors' report are furnished herewith pursuant to the requirements of Form 10-K.

The Allstate Corporation
  Page

 

 

 

 

 
Schedules required to be filed under the provisions of Regulation S-X Article 7:

Schedule I

 

Summary of Investments – Other than Investments in Related Parties

 

S-1
Schedule II   Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (The Allstate Corporation)   S-2
Schedule III   Supplementary Insurance Information   S-6
Schedule IV   Reinsurance   S-7
Schedule V   Valuation Allowances and Qualifying Accounts   S-8
Schedule VI   Supplementary Information Concerning Consolidated Property-Casualty Insurance Operations   S-9
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm   S-10

       All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, or not required, or because the required information is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or in notes thereto.

Item 15.  (a) (3)

       The following is a list of the exhibits filed as part of this Form 10-K. The exhibit numbers followed by an asterisk (*) indicate exhibits that are management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements. A dagger (†) indicates an award form first used under The Allstate Corporation 2001 Equity Incentive Plan, which was amended and restated as The Allstate Corporation 2009 Equity Incentive Plan. The SEC File Number for the exhibits incorporated by reference is 1-11840.

3(i)   Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware on May 17, 2007, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed May 18, 2007

3(ii)

 

Amended and Restated By-Laws of The Allstate Corporation effective September 15, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

4(iii)

 

The Allstate Corporation hereby agrees to furnish to the Commission, upon request, the instruments defining the rights of holders of each issue of long-term debt of it and its consolidated subsidiaries

10.1

 

Credit Agreement dated May 8, 2007, among The Allstate Corporation, Allstate Insurance Company and Allstate Life Insurance Company, as Borrowers; the Lenders party thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Syndication Agent; Bank of America, N.A. and Citibank, N.A., as Documentation Agents; Barclays Bank, PLC, Morgan Stanley Bank and William Street Commitment Corporation, as Co-Agents; and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent; incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed May 9, 2007

10.2

 

Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement dated as of May 22, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed May 27, 2008

211


10.3*   The Allstate Corporation Annual Executive Incentive Plan incorporated herein by reference to Appendix B of The Allstate Corporation's Proxy Statement filed April 1, 2009

10.4*

 

The Allstate Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended and restated as of January 1, 2011

10.5*

 

The Allstate Corporation 2009 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated effective February 22, 2011

10.6*

 

Form of Option Award Agreement for awards granted on or after February 22, 2011 under The Allstate Corporation 2009 Equity Incentive Plan

10.7*

 

Form of Option Award Agreement for awards granted on or after May 19, 2009 and prior to February 22, 2011 under The Allstate Corporation 2009 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K/A filed May 20, 2009

10.8* †

 

Form of Option Award Agreement for awards granted on or after September 13, 2008 and prior to May 19, 2009 under The Allstate Corporation 2001 Equity Incentive Plan incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

10.9* †

 

Form of Executive Officer Option Award Agreement for awards granted on or after July 18, 2006 and prior to September 13, 2008 under The Allstate Corporation 2001 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed July 20, 2006

10.10* †

 

Form of Executive Officer Option Award Agreement under The Allstate Corporation 2001 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to The Allstate Corporation annual report on Form 10-K for 2003

10.11* †

 

Form of Executive Officer Option Award Agreement for awards dated May 15, 2001 under The Allstate Corporation 2001 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to The Allstate Corporation quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001

10.12*

 

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for awards granted on or after February 22, 2011 under The Allstate Corporation 2009 Equity Incentive Plan

10.13*

 

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for awards granted on or after February 22, 2010 and prior to February 22, 2011 under The Allstate Corporation 2009 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to The Allstate Corporation annual report on Form 10-K for 2009

10.14* †

 

Form of amended and restated Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for certain retirement eligible/retired employees with regards to awards outstanding on September 13, 2008 under The Allstate Corporation 2001 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

10.15* †

 

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for awards granted on or after September 13, 2008 and prior to February 22, 2010 under The Allstate Corporation 2001 Equity Incentive Plan incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

10.16*

 

Allstate Insurance Company Supplemental Retirement Income Plan, as amended and restated effective December 31, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to The Allstate Corporation annual report on Form 10-K for 2008

10.17*

 

First Amendment to Allstate Insurance Company Supplemental Retirement Income Plan, effective as of November 30, 2009, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to The Allstate Corporation annual report on Form 10-K for 2009

10.18*

 

Form of Tier One Change of Control Employment Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to The Allstate Corporation annual report on Form 10-K for 2008

10.19*

 

Form of Amended and Restated Tier Two Change of Control Employment Agreement to be effective as of December 31, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to The Allstate Corporation annual report on Form 10-K for 2008

10.20*

 

Offer letter dated September 9, 2007 to Michele C. Mayes incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10 to The Allstate Corporation quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009

212


10.21*   The Allstate Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as amended and restated effective September 15, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

10.22*

 

The Allstate Corporation Equity Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors as amended and restated effective September 15, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

10.23*

 

The Allstate Corporation 2006 Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as amended and restated effective September 15, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

10.24*

 

Form of Option Award Agreement under The Allstate Corporation 2006 Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed May 19, 2006

10.25*

 

Form of amended and restated Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement with regards to awards outstanding on September 15, 2008 under The Allstate Corporation 2006 Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

10.26*

 

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for awards granted on or after September 15, 2008 under The Allstate Corporation 2006 Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to The Allstate Corporation current report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2008

10.27*

 

Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Director incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to The Allstate Corporation quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2007

10.28*

 

Resolutions regarding Non-Employee Director Compensation, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to The Allstate Corporation annual report on Form 10-K for 2009

10.29*

 

Resolutions regarding Non-Employee Director Compensation, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to The Allstate Corporation quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010

12

 

Computation of Earnings to Fixed Charges Ratio

21

 

Subsidiaries of The Allstate Corporation

23

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

31 (i)

 

Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer

31 (i)

 

Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer

32

 

Section 1350 Certifications

101.INS

 

XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

101.LAB

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

Item 15.  (b)

       The exhibits are listed in Item 15. (a)(3) above.

Item 15.  (c)

       The financial statement schedules are listed in Item 15. (a)(2) above.

213


SIGNATURES

       Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

    THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION
(Registrant)

 

 

/s/ Samuel H. Pilch

By: Samuel H. Pilch
(Controller)

 

 

February 22, 2011

       Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature
 
Title
 
Date

 

 

 

 

 
/s/ Thomas J. Wilson

Thomas J. Wilson
  Chairman of the Board, President, Chief Executive Officer and a
Director (Principal Executive Officer)
  February 22, 2011

/s/ Don Civgin

Don Civgin

 

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ F. Duane Ackerman

F. Duane Ackerman

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ Robert D. Beyer

Robert D. Beyer

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ W. James Farrell

W. James Farrell

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ Jack M. Greenberg

Jack M. Greenberg

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ Ronald T. LeMay

Ronald T. LeMay

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ Andrea Redmond

Andrea Redmond

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ H. John Riley, Jr.

H. John Riley, Jr.

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ Joshua I. Smith

Joshua I. Smith

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ Judith A. Sprieser

Judith A. Sprieser

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

/s/ Mary Alice Taylor

Mary Alice Taylor

 

Director

 

February 22, 2011

214


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE I — SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS
OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES
DECEMBER 31, 2010

($ in millions)


 

  Cost/
amortized
cost
  Fair
value
  Amount at
which shown
in the
Balance Sheet
 

Type of investment

                   

Fixed maturities:

                   
 

Bonds:

                   
     

United States government, government agencies and authorities

  $ 8,320   $ 8,596   $ 8,596  
     

States, municipalities and political subdivisions

    16,201     15,934     15,934  
     

Foreign governments

    2,821     3,158     3,158  
     

Public utilities

    6,184     6,560     6,560  
     

Convertibles and bonds with warrants attached

    1,058     954     954  
     

All other corporate bonds

    29,019     30,142     30,142  
 

Asset-backed securities

    4,425     4,244     4,244  
 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

    8,509     7,993     7,993  
 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

    2,213     1,994     1,994  
 

Redeemable preferred stocks

    36     37     37  
               
   

Total fixed maturities

    78,786   $ 79,612     79,612  
                   

Equity securities:

                   
 

Common stocks:

                   
   

Public utilities

    119   $ 122     122  
   

Banks, trusts and insurance companies

    578     633     633  
   

Industrial, miscellaneous and all other

    3,398     3,910     3,910  
 

Nonredeemable preferred stocks

    133     146     146  
               
   

Total equity securities

    4,228   $ 4,811     4,811  
                   

Mortgage loans on real estate

    6,679   $ 6,439     6,679  
                   

Real estate acquired in satisfaction of debt

    109           109  

Policy loans

    1,141           1,141  

Derivative instruments

    437   $ 439     439  
                   

Limited partnership interests

    3,816           3,816  

Other long-term investments

    597           597  

Short-term investments

    3,279   $ 3,279     3,279  
               
   

Total investments

  $ 99,072         $ 100,483  
                 

S-1


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II —
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

($ in millions)
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Revenues

                   
 

Investment income, less investment expense

  $ 14   $ 10   $ 42  
 

Realized capital gains and losses

    (1 )   1     1  
 

Other income

    11     21     11  
               

    24     32     54  

Expenses

                   
 

Interest expense

    365     389     347  
 

Other operating expenses

    22     18     16  
               

    387     407     363  
               

Loss from operations before income tax benefit and equity in net income (loss) of subsidiaries

   
(363

)
 
(375

)
 
(309

)

Income tax benefit

   
(135

)
 
(144

)
 
(120

)
               

Loss before equity in net income (loss) of subsidiaries

    (228 )   (231 )   (189 )

Equity in net income (loss) of subsidiaries

   
1,156
   
1,085
   
(1,490

)
               
 

Net income (loss)

    928     854     (1,679 )
               

Other comprehensive income (loss), after-tax

                   
 

Changes in:

                   
 

Unrealized net capital gains and losses

    1,785     3,446     (4,626 )
 

Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments

    23     41     (74 )
 

Unrecognized pension and other postretirement benefit cost

    94     (214 )   (724 )
               
   

Other comprehensive income (loss), after-tax

    1,902     3,273     (5,424 )
               
   

Comprehensive income (loss)

  $ 2,830   $ 4,127   $ (7,103 )
               

See accompanying notes to condensed financial information and notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

S-2


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II (CONTINUED) —
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

($ in millions, except par value data)
  December 31,  
 
  2010   2009  

Assets

             
 

Investments in subsidiaries

  $ 22,806   $ 21,152  
 

Fixed income securities, at fair value (amortized cost $809 and $807)

    824     808  
 

Short-term investments, at fair value (amortized cost $1,428 and $728)

    1,428     728  
 

Receivable from subsidiaries

    269     299  
 

Other assets

    335     356  
           
   

Total assets

  $ 25,662   $ 23,343  
           

Liabilities

             
 

Long-term debt

  $ 5,850   $ 5,850  
 

Postretirement benefit obligation

    376     404  
 

Deferred compensation

    232     219  
 

Dividends payable to shareholders

    109     108  
 

Other liabilities

    79     70  
           
   

Total liabilities

    6,646     6,651  
           

Shareholders' equity

             
 

Preferred stock, $1 par value, 25 million shares authorized, none issued

         
 

Common stock, $.01 par value, 2.0 billion shares authorized and 900 million issued, 533 million and 537 million shares outstanding

    9     9  
 

Additional capital paid-in

    3,176     3,172  
 

Retained income

    31,969     31,492  
 

Deferred ESOP expense

    (44 )   (47 )
 

Treasury stock, at cost (367 million and 363 million shares)

    (15,910 )   (15,828 )
 

Accumulated other comprehensive income:

             
     

Unrealized net capital gains and losses

    935     (870 )
     

Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments

    69     46  
     

Unrealized pension and other postretirement benefit cost

    (1,188 )   (1,282 )
           
       

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss

    (184 )   (2,106 )
           
       

Total shareholders' equity

    19,016     16,692  
           
       

Total liabilities and equity

  $ 25,662   $ 23,343  
           

See accompanying notes to condensed financial information and notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

S-3


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II (CONTINUED) —
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

($ in millions)
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Cash flows from operating activities

                   

Net income (loss)

  $ 928   $ 854   $ (1,679 )
 

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

                   
   

Equity in net (income) loss of subsidiaries

    (1,156 )   (1,085 )   1,490  
   

Dividends received from subsidiaries

    1,384     262     3,415  
   

Realized capital gains and losses

    1          
   

Other operating assets and liabilities

    102     133     (73 )
               
     

Net cash provided by operating activities

    1,259     164     3,153  
               

Cash flows from investing activities

                   
 

Proceeds from sales and collections of investments

    217     75     368  
 

Investment purchases

    (219 )   (858 )   (125 )
 

Capital contributions to subsidiaries

        (267 )    
 

Return of investment

        25      
 

Change in short-term investments, net

    (696 )   1,159     (1,231 )
               
     

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

    (698 )   134     (988 )
               

Cash flows from financing activities

                   
 

Repayment of long-term debt

        (750 )    
 

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt

        1,000      
 

Dividends paid to shareholders

    (430 )   (542 )   (889 )
 

Treasury stock purchases

    (152 )   (4 )   (1,323 )
 

Shares reissued under equity incentive plans, net

    28     3     33  
 

Excess tax benefits on share-based payment arrangements

    (7 )   (5 )   3  
               
     

Net cash used in financing activities

    (561 )   (298 )   (2,176 )
               

Net decrease in cash

   
   
   
(11

)

Cash at beginning of year

            11  
               

Cash at end of year

  $   $   $  
               

See accompanying notes to condensed financial information and notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

S-4


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II (CONTINUED) —
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

1.    General

       The financial statements of the Registrant should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in Item 8. The long-term debt presented in Note 11 "Capital Structure" are direct obligations of the Registrant, with the exception of the following obligations as of December 31:

($ in millions)
  2010   2009  

Long-term:

             

Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") advances, due 2018

  $ 16   $ 18  

Synthetic lease VIE obligations, floating rates, due 2011

    42     42  

       Effective September 30, 2009, the Registrant became the sponsor of the postretirement benefit plans presented in Note 16 "Benefit Plans". Prior to September 30, 2009, a subsidiary of the Registrant was the sponsor of the plans.

2.    Supplemental Disclosures of Non-Cash Investing Activity and Cash Flow Information

       The Registrant's assumption of the obligations associated with the postretirement benefit plans previously sponsored by a subsidiary of the Registrant resulted in a non-cash increase in the Registrant's investment in subsidiaries of $448 million.

       The Registrant paid $360 million, $380 million and $344 million of interest on debt in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

S-5


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE III — SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION

($ in millions)
  As of December 31,   For the year ended December 31,  
Segment   Deferred
policy
acquisition
costs
  Reserves
for claims and
claims expense,
contract
benefits and
contractholder
funds
  Unearned
premiums
  Premium
revenue
and
contract
charges
  Net
investment
income 
(1)
  Claims and
claims
expense, contract
benefits and
interest
credited to
contractholders
  Amortization
of deferred
policy
acquisition
costs
  Other
operating
costs
and
expenses
  Premiums
written
(excluding
life)
 

2010

                                                       

Property-Liability operations

                                                       
 

Allstate Protection

  $ 1,377   $ 17,046   $ 9,761   $ 25,955         $ 18,923   $ 3,678   $ 2,828   $ 25,906  
 

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

        2,422         2           28         5     1  
                                         
 

Total Property-Liability

    1,377     19,468     9,761     25,957   $ 1,189     18,951     3,678     2,833     25,907  

Allstate Financial operations

    3,392     61,677     39     2,168     2,853     3,622     356     466     624  

Corporate and Other

                    60             379      
                                       

Total

  $ 4,769   $ 81,145   $ 9,800   $ 28,125   $ 4,102   $ 22,573   $ 4,034   $ 3,678   $ 26,531  
                                       

2009

                                                       

Property-Liability operations

                                                       
 

Allstate Protection

  $ 1,410   $ 16,574   $ 9,780   $ 26,195         $ 18,722   $ 3,789   $ 2,657   $ 25,972  
 

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

        2,593         (1 )         24         7     (1 )
                                         
 

Total Property-Liability

    1,410     19,167     9,780     26,194   $ 1,328     18,746     3,789     2,664     25,971  

Allstate Financial operations

    4,060     65,492     42     1,958     3,064     3,743     965     455     465  

Corporate and Other

                    52             410      
                                       

Total

  $ 5,470   $ 84,659   $ 9,822   $ 28,152   $ 4,444   $ 22,489   $ 4,754   $ 3,529   $ 26,436  
                                       

2008

                                                       

Property-Liability operations

                                                       
 

Allstate Protection

  $ 1,453   $ 16,719   $ 9,980   $ 26,967         $ 20,046   $ 3,975   $ 2,757   $ 26,584  
 

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

        2,737                   18         7      
                                         
 

Total Property-Liability

    1,453     19,456     9,980     26,967   $ 1,674     20,064     3,975     2,764     26,584  

Allstate Financial operations

    7,089     71,294     44     1,895     3,811     4,023     704     521     419  

Corporate and Other

                    137             362      
                                       

Total

  $ 8,542   $ 90,750   $ 10,024   $ 28,862   $ 5,622   $ 24,087   $ 4,679   $ 3,647   $ 27,003  
                                       

(1)
A single investment portfolio supports both Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments.

S-6


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE IV – REINSURANCE

($ in millions)
 
 
  Gross
amount
  Ceded to
other
companies 
(1)
  Assumed
from other
companies
  Net
amount
  Percentage
of amount
assumed
to net
 

Year ended December 31, 2010

                               

Life insurance in force

  $ 523,214   $ 238,745   $ 9,680   $ 294,149     3.3 %
                         

Premiums and contract charges:

                               
 

Life insurance

  $ 2,170   $ 659   $ 36   $ 1,547     2.3 %
 

Accident-health insurance

    765     145     1     621     0.2 %
 

Property-liability insurance

    27,015     1,092     34     25,957     0.1 %
                         

Total premiums and contract charges

  $ 29,950   $ 1,896   $ 71   $ 28,125     0.3 %
                         

Year ended December 31, 2009

                               

Life insurance in force

  $ 525,381   $ 253,650   $ 10,230   $ 281,961     3.6 %
                         

Premiums and contract charges:

                               
 

Life insurance

  $ 2,142   $ 682   $ 38   $ 1,498     2.5 %
 

Accident-health insurance

    615     156     1     460     0.2 %
 

Property-liability insurance

    27,200     1,056     50     26,194     0.2 %
                         

Total premiums and contract charges

  $ 29,957   $ 1,894   $ 89   $ 28,152     0.3 %
                         

Year ended December 31, 2008

                               

Life insurance in force

  $ 520,762   $ 251,655   $ 10,935   $ 280,042     3.9 %
                         

Premiums and contract charges:

                               
 

Life insurance

  $ 2,184   $ 743   $ 41   $ 1,482     2.8 %
 

Accident-health insurance

    570     157         413     %
 

Property-liability insurance

    28,021     1,139     85     26,967     0.3 %
                         

Total premiums and contract charges

  $ 30,775   $ 2,039   $ 126   $ 28,862     0.4 %
                         

(1)
No reinsurance or coinsurance income was netted against premium ceded in 2010, 2009 or 2008.

S-7


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE V – VALUATION ALLOWANCES AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

($ in millions)
  Additions    
   
 
Description
  Balance at
beginning
of period
  Charged
to costs
and expenses
  Other
additions
  Deductions   Balance
at end
of period
 

Year ended December 31, 2010
                               

Allowance for reinsurance recoverables

  $ 142   $   $   $   $ 142  

Allowance for premium installment receivable

    77     86         88     75  

Allowance for deferred tax assets

    11             5     6  

Allowance for estimated losses on mortgage loans

    95     65         76     84  

Year ended December 31, 2009
                               

Allowance for reinsurance recoverables

  $ 168   $   $   $ 26   $ 142  

Allowance for premium installment receivable

    70     125         118     77  

Allowance for deferred tax assets

    49     250         288     11  

Allowance for estimated losses on mortgage loans

    4     97         6     95  

Year ended December 31, 2008
                               

Allowance for reinsurance recoverables

  $ 185   $   $   $ 17   $ 168  

Allowance for premium installment receivable

    68     89         87     70  

Allowance for deferred tax assets

    6     43             49  

Allowance for estimated losses on mortgage loans

        4             4  

S-8


THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE VI — SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION CONCERNING
CONSOLIDATED PROPERTY-CASUALTY INSURANCE OPERATIONS

($ in millions)
  As of December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred policy acquisition costs

  $ 1,377   $ 1,410   $ 1,453  

Reserves for insurance claims and claims expense

    19,468     19,167     19,456  

Unearned premiums

    9,761     9,780     9,980  

 

 
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2010   2009   2008  

Earned premiums

  $ 25,957   $ 26,194   $ 26,967  

Net investment income

    1,189     1,328     1,674  

Claims and claims adjustment expense incurred

                   
 

Current year

    19,110     18,858     19,894  
 

Prior years

    (159 )   (112 )   170  

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs

    3,678     3,789     3,975  

Paid claims and claims adjustment expense

    18,583     18,900     19,542  

Premiums written

    25,907     25,971     26,584  

S-9


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
The Allstate Corporation
Northbrook, IL 60062

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of The Allstate Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, and the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, and have issued our report thereon dated February 24, 2011 (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph relating to a change in the Company's recognition and presentation for other-than-temporary impairments of debt securities in 2009); such consolidated financial statements and report are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Our audits also included the consolidated financial statement schedules of the Company listed in the accompanying index at Item 15. These consolidated financial statement schedules are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion based on our audits. In our opinion, such consolidated financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Chicago, Illinois
February 24, 2011

S-10