e10vq
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2006
Or
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR
15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 0-21863
EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
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Delaware
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04-3030815 |
(State of incorporation)
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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4 Maguire Road, Lexington, Massachusetts
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02421 |
(Address of principal executive offices)
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(Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (781) 761-7600
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
(Title of Class)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer þ Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
As of November 1, 2006, 29,157,147 shares of the registrants Common Stock, $0.01 par value per
share, were issued and outstanding.
EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
INDEX
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FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
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Financial Statements. |
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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (Unaudited) |
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Three and Nine Months Ended September 30,
2006 and 2005 (Unaudited) |
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Three and Nine Months Ended September 30,
2006 and 2005 (Unaudited) |
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
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Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. |
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Controls and Procedures. |
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OTHER INFORMATION |
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Legal Proceedings. |
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Risk Factors. |
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Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders. |
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Exhibits. |
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Signatures |
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Exhibit Index |
Ex-3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation |
Ex-4.1 Specimen certificate for Shares of Common Stock |
Ex-4.3 Warrant issued to RRD International, LLC |
Ex-4.4 Warrant issued to General Electric Capital Corporation |
Ex-4.5 Warrant issued to Oxford BioScience Management Partners II |
Ex-10.1 Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2003 Stock Incentive Plan |
Ex-10.2 Physiome Sciences, Inc. 1997 Stock Option Plan |
Ex-10.3 Amended and Restated License Agreement |
Ex-10.4 Research Development and Commercialization Agreement |
Ex-10.5 License Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Amgen Inc. |
Ex-10.6 Lease by and between Trustees of 4 Maguire Road Realty Trust and the Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. |
Ex-10.7 Lease Agreement |
Ex-10.8 Sublease Agreement |
Ex-10.9 Unprotected Lease Agreement |
Ex-10.10 Employment Agreement, Michael G. Kauffman, M.D., Ph.D. |
Ex-10.11 Employment Agreement, Silvia Noiman, Ph.D. |
Ex-10.12 Employment Agreement, Kimberlee C. Drapkin |
Ex-10.13 Employment Agreement, Chen Schor |
Ex-10.14 Employment Agreement, Oren Becker, Ph.D. |
Ex-10.15 Employment Agreement, Stephen R. Donahue, M.D. |
Ex-31.1 Section 302 Certification of CEO |
Ex-31.2 Section 302 Certification of CFO |
Ex-32.1 Section 906 Certification of CEO & CFO |
2
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Financial Statements.
EPIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
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September 30, |
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December 31, |
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2006 |
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2005 |
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(unaudited) |
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ASSETS
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Current assets: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
66,825,143 |
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$ |
72,502,906 |
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Available-for-sale marketable securities |
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46,270,036 |
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52,225,590 |
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Accounts receivable |
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149,287 |
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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1,817,866 |
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346,919 |
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Total current assets |
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114,913,045 |
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125,224,702 |
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Property and equipment, net |
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2,951,882 |
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2,517,859 |
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Other assets |
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4,309,797 |
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2,973,155 |
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Goodwill |
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3,506,274 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
125,680,998 |
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$ |
130,715,716 |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (DEFICIT)
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Current liabilities: |
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Accounts payable |
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$ |
5,389,737 |
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$ |
1,268,325 |
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Milestone payable |
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20,000,000 |
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Accrued expenses |
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8,236,974 |
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4,310,003 |
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Contract advances |
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4,506,710 |
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6,112,549 |
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Current portion of capital lease obligation |
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42,801 |
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Other current liabilities |
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380,387 |
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Deferred revenue |
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3,699,119 |
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435,861 |
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Total current liabilities |
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42,255,728 |
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12,126,738 |
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Deferred revenue |
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947,779 |
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755,647 |
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Milestone payable |
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15,000,000 |
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Capital lease obligation |
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79,705 |
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Other liabilities |
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1,845,108 |
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Convertible debt |
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100,000,000 |
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100,000,000 |
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Total liabilities |
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160,128,320 |
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112,882,385 |
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Commitments and contingencies |
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Stockholders equity (deficit): |
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Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized;
no shares issued |
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Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 and 40,000,000 shares
authorized at September 30, 2006 and Decebmer 31, 2005, respectively;
29,152,830 and 15,523,207 shares issued and outstanding
at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively |
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291,528 |
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232,848 |
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Additional paid-in-capital |
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285,668,130 |
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197,311,313 |
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Accumulated deficit |
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(320,418,569 |
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(179,644,632 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
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11,589 |
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(66,198 |
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Total stockholders equity (deficit) |
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(34,447,322 |
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17,833,331 |
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Total liabilities and stockholders equity (deficit) |
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$ |
125,680,998 |
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$ |
130,715,716 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
EPIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited)
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Three Months Ended
September 30, |
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Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
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2006 |
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2005 |
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2006 |
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2005 |
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Revenues: |
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Product development revenue |
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$ |
569,378 |
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$ |
1,297,720 |
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$ |
2,383,436 |
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$ |
3,087,565 |
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Royalty revenue |
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362,449 |
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798,484 |
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1,282,945 |
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1,821,094 |
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License fee revenue |
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413,802 |
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165,894 |
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736,996 |
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497,686 |
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Total revenues |
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1,345,629 |
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2,262,098 |
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4,403,377 |
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5,406,345 |
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Operating expenses: |
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Research and development |
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8,150,935 |
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5,498,385 |
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15,383,596 |
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16,668,962 |
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Acquisition of in-process research and development |
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123,500,000 |
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123,500,000 |
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General and administrative |
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2,908,520 |
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2,617,410 |
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6,948,760 |
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7,931,650 |
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Restructuring costs |
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282,133 |
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633,238 |
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Total operating expenses |
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134,841,588 |
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8,115,795 |
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146,465,594 |
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24,600,612 |
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Operating loss |
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(133,495,959 |
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(5,853,697 |
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(142,062,217 |
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(19,194,267 |
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Interest income |
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1,519,338 |
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1,104,448 |
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4,234,840 |
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2,900,959 |
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Interest expense |
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(1,082,380 |
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(910,508 |
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(2,827,375 |
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(2,718,088 |
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Loss before provision for income taxes |
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(133,059,001 |
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(5,659,757 |
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(140,654,752 |
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(19,011,396 |
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Provision for income taxes |
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31,551 |
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119,185 |
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Net loss |
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$ |
(133,090,552 |
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$ |
(5,659,757 |
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$ |
(140,773,937 |
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$ |
(19,011,396 |
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Weighted average shares: |
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Basic and diluted |
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22,193,441 |
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15,515,383 |
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17,771,051 |
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15,501,657 |
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Net loss per share, basic and diluted |
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$ |
(6.00 |
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$ |
(0.36 |
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$ |
(7.92 |
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$ |
(1.23 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
EPIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)
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Nine Months Ended Sepetember 30, |
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2006 |
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2005 |
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Operating activities: |
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Net loss |
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$ |
(140,773,937 |
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$ |
(19,011,396 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities: |
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Depreciation, amortization and loss on disposal |
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965,496 |
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828,803 |
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Write-off of acquired in-process research and development |
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123,500,000 |
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Stock compensation expense |
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2,327,093 |
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3,419 |
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Amortization of deferred financing costs |
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365,268 |
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352,409 |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities, exclusive
of amounts aquired from merger with Predix: |
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Accounts receivable |
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899,287 |
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70,800 |
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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403,355 |
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(109,236 |
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Other assets and liabilities |
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931,657 |
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Accounts payable |
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2,511,772 |
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212,576 |
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Accrued expenses |
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(3,741,507 |
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1,341,736 |
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Contract advances |
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(1,605,839 |
) |
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460,606 |
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Deferred revenue |
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(378,149 |
) |
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(2,182,361 |
) |
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Net cash used in operating activities |
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(14,595,504 |
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(18,032,644 |
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Investing activities: |
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Cash acquired from merger with Predix, net |
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12,792,435 |
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Purchases of marketable securities |
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(71,492,308 |
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(71,385,618 |
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Sale or redemption of marketable securities |
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77,525,649 |
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98,192,180 |
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Restricted cash |
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(233,531 |
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Purchases of fixed assets |
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(187,260 |
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(1,180,160 |
) |
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Net cash provided by investing activities |
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18,404,985 |
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25,626,402 |
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Financing activities: |
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Proceeds from loan payable from strategic partner |
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45,000,000 |
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Repayment of loan payable to strategic partner |
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(45,000,000 |
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Principal payments of notes payable |
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(9,516,380 |
) |
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Principal payments of capital leases |
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(12,241 |
) |
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Proceeds from stock options |
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847 |
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474,115 |
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Proceeds from Employee Stock Purchase Plan |
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40,530 |
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70,295 |
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Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
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(9,487,244 |
) |
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544,410 |
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Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
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(5,677,763 |
) |
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8,138,168 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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72,502,906 |
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73,364,538 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
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$ |
66,825,143 |
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$ |
81,502,706 |
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Supplemental cash flow information: |
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Cash paid for interest |
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$ |
1,880,664 |
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$ |
1,620,014 |
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Cash paid for taxes |
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$ |
119,185 |
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$ |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
EPIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
1. Nature of Business
On August 16, 2006, EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (EPIX or the Company) completed its
acquisition of Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. ( Predix ) pursuant to the terms of that
certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 3, 2006, by and among EPIX, EPIX Delaware,
Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of EPIX, and Predix, as amended (the Merger Agreement ). The EPIX
and Predix boards of directors approved the transaction on April 2, 2006 and the stockholders of
EPIX and Predix approved the transaction on August 15, 2006. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement,
Predix merged with and into EPIX Delaware, Inc. and became a wholly-owned subsidiary of EPIX (the
Merger). The Merger with Predix was primarily a stock transaction valued at approximately $125 million,
including the assumption of net debt at closing. The purchase price includes a milestone payment
of $35 million in cash, stock or a combination of both based on Predix having achieved a certain
strategic milestone. As part of the Merger, the Company also assumed
all outstanding options and warrants to purchase capital stock of
Predix. In addition, in connection with the Merger, the Company effected a 1-for-1.5
reverse stock split of its outstanding common stock.
Following
the merger, EPIX is a biopharmaceutical company focused on
discovering, developing and commercializing novel pharmaceutical products through the use of
proprietary technologies to better diagnose, treat and manage patients. EPIX has a blood-pool
imaging agent (Vasovist) approved in the European Union, Canada,
Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Australia, and five
internally-discovered therapeutic and imaging drug candidates
currently in clinical trials. Vasovist is currently being marketed in
Europe. These
drug candidates are targeting conditions such as depression, Alzheimers disease, cardiovascular
disease and obesity. The focus of the Companys therapeutic drug
development efforts is on the two classes of drug
targets known as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and ion channels. GPCRs and ion channels are
classes of proteins embedded in the surface membrane of all cells and are responsible for mediating
much of the biological signaling at the cellular level. EPIX also has
collaborations with leading organizations, including Amgen Inc. (Amgen), Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics (CFFT), and Schering AG
(Germany).
2. Basis of Presentation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of EPIX have been prepared in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S.) for interim
financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and the rules of the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the SEC or the Commission). Accordingly, they do not include all of the
information and footnotes required to be presented for complete financial statements. The
accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments
(consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management,
necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The results of the
interim period ended September 30, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for
the full fiscal year.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures have been
prepared with the assumption that users of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements have read or have access to the audited financial statements for the preceding fiscal
year. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in
conjunction with the audited financial statements and the related notes thereto included in the
Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year ended December 31, 2005. This
information should also be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto of
Predix contained in the registration statement on Form S-4 (No. 333-133513) filed by the Company
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 25, 2006, as amended, and Form 8-K filed on
August 17, 2006, as amended pursuant to Forms 8-K/A filed on August 18, 2006 and on October 27, 2006.
Certain items in the prior years consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to
conform to the current presentation of the financial statements.
6
3. Significant Accounting Policies
Principles
of Consolidation
The
condensed consolidated financial statements include our financial statements and those of our wholly owned subsidiary. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue relating to collaborations in accordance with the SECs Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue Recognition in
Financial Statements, (SAB 104). Revenue under collaborations may include the receipt of
non-refundable license fees, milestone payments, research and development payments and royalties.
The Company recognizes nonrefundable upfront license fees and guaranteed, time-based payments
that require continuing involvement in the form of research and development as revenue:
|
|
|
ratably over the development period; or |
|
|
|
|
based upon the level of research services performed during the period of the research contract . |
When the period of deferral cannot be specifically identified from the contract,
management estimates the period based upon other critical factors contained within the contract.
EPIX continually reviews such estimates which could result in a change in the deferral period and
might impact the timing and amount of revenue recognized.
Milestone payments are recognized as revenue when the performance obligations, as defined in
the contract, are achieved. Performance obligations typically consist of significant milestones in
the development life cycle of the related technology, such as initiation of clinical trials, filing
for approval with regulatory agencies and approvals by regulatory agencies.
Royalties are recognized as revenue when earned and are reasonably estimable, which is typically
upon receipt of royalty reports from the licensee or cash.
Reimbursements of research and development costs are recognized as revenue as the related
costs are incurred.
Product development revenue
In June 2000, the Company entered into a strategic collaboration agreement with Schering AG, whereby each party to the agreement shares equally in Vasovist development
costs and U.S. operating profits and the Company will receive royalties related to non-U.S. sales.
The Company recognizes as revenue the cash consideration received from Schering AG for amounts
expended by the Company in excess of the Companys obligation under the agreement to expend 50% of
the costs to develop Vasovist. This revenue is recognized in the same period in which the costs are
incurred. With respect to payments due to Schering AG, if any, in connection with the Vasovist
development program, the Company would recognize such amounts as a reduction in revenue at the time
Schering AG performs the research and development activities for which the Company is obligated to pay
Schering AG.
On a monthly basis, the Company calculates the revenue or reduction in revenue, as the case
may be, with respect to the collaboration with Schering AG for Vasovist as follows:
|
|
|
The Company calculates its development costs directly related to Vasovist. |
|
|
|
|
The Company obtains cost reports, or an estimate of costs, from Schering AG for costs
incurred by Schering AG related to the development of Vasovist during the same period. Where
estimates are used, the Company reviews the estimates and records, as necessary,
adjustments in the subsequent quarter when the Company receives actual results from
Schering AG. To date, there have been no material adjustments. |
|
|
|
|
The Company multiplies its and Schering AGs development costs by approximately 50% based
on the contractual allocation of work contemplated under the agreement. |
7
|
|
|
The Company then records the net difference as development revenue if the balance
results in a payment to the Company and negative revenue if the balance results in a
payment to Schering AG. |
The result of this calculation is that the Company records revenue only for amounts it is owed
by Schering AG in excess of 50% of development expenses of the project in the particular period. The
Company would record a reduction in revenue for any amounts owed to Schering AG in the particular
period. To date, the Company has not been required to make any payments to Schering AG.
The additional payments made by Schering AG to the Company represent revenue to the Company
because the Company is providing additional services to Schering AG which Schering AG was contractually
obligated to perform itself. For example, the Company performed substantial amounts of the work on
behalf of Schering required to prepare the regulatory submission to the European regulatory
authorities for Vasovist which would otherwise have been Schering AGs responsibility under the
agreement. Had the Company not performed these and other additional services, Schering AG would have
had to contract with a third party to perform the work or Schering AG would have had to perform the
work itself.
In May 2003, the Company entered into a development agreement with Schering AG for EP-2104R and a
collaboration agreement with Schering for MRI research. Under the EP-2104R development agreement,
Schering AG agreed to make fixed payments totaling approximately $9.0 million to the Company over a
two year period, which began in the second quarter of 2003 and ended in the fourth quarter of 2004,
to cover a portion of the Companys expenditures for the EP-2104R feasibility program. The Company
recognized revenue from Schering AG for the feasibility program in proportion to actual cost incurred
relative to the estimated total program costs. During the third quarter of 2006, the Company
completed its work on the feasibility program. On July 13, 2006, Schering AG determined not to
exercise its option for the development of EP-2104R. Under the terms of the agreement, EPIX will
retain full rights to the EP-2104R program. Revenue under the MRI research collaboration was
recognized at the time services were provided. The MRI research program was completed in the
second quarter of 2006.
In connection with the acquisition of Predix, the Company is a party to a collaboration
agreement with CFFT. Under the agreement,
EPIX is entitled to continued cost reimbursements and research funding and may earn milestone
payments in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Any additional revenue that EPIX may
receive in the future is expected to consist primarily of milestone payments and payments for
reimbursements of research and development costs. The reimbursements of research and development
costs are being recognized as revenue as the related costs are incurred. As EPIX is the party
responsible for providing the research services, EPIX is recognizing the reimbursement of the costs
associated with EPIXs research efforts as revenue, not as a net research expense. EPIX will
recognize any milestone payments as revenue when the related performance obligation, as defined in
the agreement, is achieved.
In connection with the acquisition of Predix, the Company is a party to a collaboration
agreement with Amgen. Under the agreement, EPIX may earn milestone payments in accordance
with the terms of the agreement and would be entitled to royalties upon the sale of products
developed under this agreement. EPIX will recognize any milestone payments as revenue when the
related performance obligation, as defined in the agreement, is achieved.
Payments received by the Company from collaboration partners in advance of EPIX performing
research and development activities are recorded as contract advances.
Royalty revenue
The Company earns royalty revenue pursuant to its sub-license on certain of its patents to
Bracco Imaging S.p.A. (Bracco). Royalty revenue is recognized based on actual revenues as
reported by Bracco to the Company in the period in which royalty reports are received. With the
expiration in 2006 of certain patents related to the sublicense with Bracco, the Company expects to
receive reduced royalty payments from Bracco throughout the second half of 2006, and it expects
such payments to end in the first quarter of 2007.
Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) owns the patents that are subject to the Companys
agreement with Bracco and has exclusively licensed those patents to the Company, which has in turn
sub-licensed the patents to Bracco. The Company owes MGH a percentage of all royalties received
from its sub-licenses.
The Company is also entitled to receive a royalty on sales of Vasovist outside of the United
States by Schering AG. Commercial launch of Vasovist in the European
Union began on a
country-by-country basis in the second quarter of 2006. Vasovist has also received regulatory
approval in Canada, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Australia. The Company recognizes royalty revenue from sales of
Vasovist outside the United States in the quarter when Schering AG reports those sales to the Company.
8
License fee revenue
The Company records license fee revenue in accordance with SAB 104. Pursuant to SAB 104, the
Company recognizes revenue from non-refundable license fees and milestone payments, not specifically tied to a separate
earnings process, ratably over the period during which the Company has a substantial continuing
obligation to perform services under the contract. When milestone payments are specifically tied to
a separate earnings process, revenue is recognized when the specific performance obligations
associated with the payment are completed.
In connection with the acquisition of Predix, the Company is recognizing license fee revenue
for arrangements that Predix had with both Amgen and CFFT. The $3.4 million and $0.2 million value
of these arrangements, respectively, was recorded on the date of acquisition based upon the fair
value of the remaining services to be provided by the Company. The deferred revenue is being
recognized ratably over the period in which the Company is required to provide services.
In September 2001, the Company sub-licensed certain patents to Bracco and received a $2.0
million license fee from Bracco. This license fee was included in deferred revenue and is being
recorded as revenue ratably from the time of the payment until the expiration of MGHs patents,
which occurred in the European Union in May 2006 and is expected to occur in the United States in
November 2006.
As part of the Companys strategic collaboration agreement with Schering AG for Vasovist entered
into in 2000, the Company granted Schering AG an exclusive license to co-develop and market Vasovist
worldwide, exclusive of Japan. Later in 2000, the Company amended this strategic collaboration
agreement to grant Schering AG exclusive rights to develop and market Vasovist in Japan. The Company
received a $3.0 million license fee from Schering AG in connection with that amendment. This license
fee is included in deferred revenue and is being recorded as revenue ratably from the time of the
payment until anticipated approval in Japan. The Company will continue to review this estimate and
make appropriate adjustments as information becomes available.
Pursuant to an earlier collaboration agreement with Mallinckrodt, Inc., a subsidiary of
Tyco/Mallinckrodt, the Company recorded $4.4 million of deferred
revenue that is being recognized as
revenue ratably from the time of payment until anticipated approval of Vasovist in the United
States. The Company suspended recognition of this license fee in September 2006 due to the
uncertainty of the timing of approval in United States based upon recent communications with the
FDA. The Company will continue to review this estimate and make appropriate adjustments as
information becomes available.
Research and Development Expenses
The Company
accounts for research and development costs in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 2,
Accounting for Research and Development Costs, which requires that expenditures be expensed to
operations as incurred. Research and development expenses primarily include employee salaries and
related costs, third party service costs, the cost of preclinical and clinical trials, supplies,
consulting expenses, facility costs and certain overhead costs.
Loss per Share
The Company computes
loss per share in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. Basic net loss per share is
based upon the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and excludes the effect of
dilutive common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options and convertible debt. Diluted net
loss per share includes the effect of dilutive common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options
and convertible debt using the treasury stock method. In computing diluted loss per share, only
potential common shares that are dilutive, or those that reduce earnings per share, are included.
The exercise of options or convertible debt is not assumed if the result is anti-dilutive, such as
when a loss is reported.
In June 2004, the Company completed a sale, pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of
1933, of $100.0 million of 3.0% convertible senior notes due 2024 for net proceeds of approximately
$96.4 million. Each $1,000 of senior notes is convertible into 22.39 shares of the Companys common
stock representing a conversion price of approximately $44.66 per share if (1) the price of the
Companys common stock trades above 120% of the conversion price for a specified time period, (2)
the trading price of the senior notes is below a certain threshold, (3) the senior notes have been
called for redemption, or (4) specified corporate transactions have occurred. None of these
conversion triggers has occurred as of September 30, 2006.
Common stock potentially issuable, but excluded from the calculation of dilutive net loss per
share for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 because their
inclusion would have been antidilutive, consisted of the following:
9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Stock options and awards |
|
|
3,900,105 |
|
|
|
2,282,646 |
|
Shares issuable on conversion of 3% Convertible Senior
Notes |
|
|
2,239,393 |
|
|
|
2,239,393 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
6,139,498 |
|
|
|
4,522,039 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill
Goodwill is not amortized however it is reviewed for impairment and would be written down with
a resulting charge to the results of operations in the period in which the recorded value of
goodwill exceeds its fair value. The Company will perform an annual test for indications of
impairment as of July 1 of each year.
Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss and unrealized gains or losses on the Companys
available-for-sale marketable securities. The Companys comprehensive loss for the three months
ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 amounted to $133.1 million and $5.7 million, respectively, and
for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 amounted to $140.8 million and $18.8 million,
respectively.
Translation of Foreign Currencies
The
functional currency of our foreign subsidiary is the U.S. dollar.
The subsidiary financial statements are remeasured into U.S. dollars using current rates of exchange for monetary assets and
liabilities and historical rates of exchange for nonmonetary assets.
Employee Stock Compensation
The
Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment An Amendment of FASB Statements No. 123 and 95 (SFAS 123(R)), beginning
January 1, 2006, using the modified prospective transition method. Under the modified prospective
transition method, financial statements for periods prior to the adoption date are not adjusted for
the change in accounting. Compensation expense is now recognized, based on the requirements of SFAS
123(R), for (a) all share-based payments granted after the effective date and (b) all awards
granted to employees prior to the effective date that remain unvested on the effective date.
Prior to adopting SFAS 123(R), the Company used the intrinsic value method to account for
stock-based compensation under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock
Issued to Employees. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 123(R), the Company is amortizing the
unamortized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested option grants issued prior to the
adoption of SFAS 123(R). The Company has elected to continue to use the Black-Scholes option
pricing model to determine the fair value of options. SFAS 123(R) also requires companies to
utilize an estimated forfeiture rate when calculating the expense for the period, whereas SFAS 123
permitted companies to record forfeitures based on actual forfeitures, which was the Companys
historical policy under disclosure requirements of SFAS 123. As a result, the Company has applied
an estimated forfeiture rate to remaining unvested awards based on historical experience in
determining the expense recorded in the Companys consolidated statement of operations. This
estimate will be evaluated quarterly and the forfeiture rate will be adjusted as necessary. The
actual expense recognized over the vesting period will only be for those shares that vest during
that period. The Company has also elected to recognize compensation cost for awards with pro-rata
vesting using the straight-line method.
The
Company assumed options to purchase 1,891,721 shares of Predix common
stock as part of the Merger. The value of the unvested portion of the
options assumed amounted to $5.4
million and is being recognized as compensation expense over the remaining vesting term of the
options.
The Company has recorded $0.9 million and $2.3 million of stock-based compensation expense,
which includes a charge for the shares issued under the Companys Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the
ESPP), for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. The stock-based
compensation expense included $0.5 million in research and development and $0.4 million in
general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2006, and $1.5 million
in research and development and $0.8 million in general and administrative expense for the nine
months ended September 30, 2006. The compensation expense increased both basic and diluted net loss
per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 by $0.04 and $0.13, respectively.
As of September 30, 2006, there was $13.8 million of unrecognized
compensation expense related to non-vested awards that is expected to be
recognized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.
The following table illustrates the effect on net loss and net loss per share for the three
and nine months ended September 30, 2005 if the Company had applied the fair value provisions of
SFAS 123 to options granted under the Companys stock option plans.
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, 2005 |
|
|
September 30, 2005 |
|
Net loss as reported |
|
$ |
(5,659,757 |
) |
|
$ |
(19,011,396 |
) |
Add:
employee stock-based compensation included in net loss as reported |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deduct: pro forma adjustment for stock-based compensation |
|
|
(767,442 |
) |
|
|
(3,303,290 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss pro forma |
|
$ |
(6,427,199 |
) |
|
$ |
(22,314,686 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per share, basic and diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As reported |
|
$ |
(0.36 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.23 |
) |
Pro forma |
|
|
(0.41 |
) |
|
|
(1.44 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of pro forma adjustment |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.21 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The fair value
of each stock option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
option pricing model using the assumptions noted in the following table. The risk-free interest
rate is based on a treasury instrument whose term is consistent with the expected life of the stock
options. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility data of the Companys stock and
comparable companies to the expected option term. The Company used the simplified method, as prescribed
by the SECs SAB No. 107, to calculate the expected term, or life, of these
options.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options |
|
ESPP |
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
Expected stock price volatility |
|
|
70 |
% |
|
|
83 |
% |
|
|
70 |
% |
|
|
83 |
% |
Weighted average risk-free interest rate |
|
|
4.70 |
% |
|
|
3.52 |
% |
|
|
4.81 |
% |
|
|
3.12 |
% |
Expected life of option (years) |
|
|
6.3 |
|
|
|
7.2 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
Expected stock price volatility |
|
|
70 |
% |
|
|
84 |
% |
|
|
70 |
% |
|
|
83 |
% |
Weighted average risk-free interest rate |
|
|
4.69 |
% |
|
|
3.74 |
% |
|
|
4.83 |
% |
|
|
3.12 |
% |
Expected life of option (years) |
|
|
6.3 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
The weighted average fair value of options granted during the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2006 was $4.58 per share for both periods.
The following is a summary of the status of the Companys stock option plans as of September
30, 2006 and the stock option activity for all stock option plans during the nine months ended
September 30, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
of Stock |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
Intrinsic |
|
|
|
Options |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Term |
|
|
Value |
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2005 |
|
|
2,181,184 |
|
|
$ |
17.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted |
|
|
1,190,253 |
|
|
|
6.82 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exchanged in Predix merger |
|
|
1,891,721 |
|
|
|
1.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
(801 |
) |
|
|
1.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cancelled |
|
|
(1,362,252 |
) |
|
|
16.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at September 30, 2006 |
|
|
3,900,105 |
|
|
$ |
6.70 |
|
|
|
8.25 |
|
|
$ |
5,048,433 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable at September 30, 2006 |
|
|
1,614,743 |
|
|
$ |
6.91 |
|
|
|
7.07 |
|
|
$ |
3,004,364 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11
4. Acquisition of Predix
On August 16, 2006, EPIX completed its acquisition of Predix pursuant to the terms of Merger
Agreement. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Predix merged with and into EPIX Delaware, Inc. and
became a wholly-owned subsidiary of EPIX. The Merger with Predix was primarily
a stock transaction valued at
approximately $125 million, including the assumption of net debt
at closing. As part of the Merger, the Company also assumed all
outstanding options and warrants to purchase capital stock of Predix. The purchase price
includes a milestone payment of $35 million in cash, stock or a combination of both based on Predix
having achieved a strategic milestone under the Merger Agreement. Specifically, on July 31, 2006,
Predix entered into an exclusive worldwide license agreement with Amgen Inc. (Amgen) to develop
and commercialize products based on Predixs compounds which modulate the GPCR known as
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1, or S1P1, and compounds and products that may be identified by
or acquired by Amgen and that are active against the S1P1 receptor. Pursuant to the terms of the
Merger Agreement, the Company paid $20 million of the milestone payment in cash on October 29,
2006. The remaining $15 million of the milestone payment will be paid in shares of EPIX common
stock on October 29, 2007, except to the extent that such shares would exceed 49.99% of EPIXs
outstanding shares immediately after such milestone payment when combined with all shares of EPIX
common stock issued in the Merger and issuable upon exercise of all Predix options and warrants
that the Company assumed in the Merger. The portion of the remaining
milestone payment that can not be paid in EPIX common stock will be
paid in cash with interest accrued at a rate of 10%. The results of Predix have been included in the statement
of operations from August 16, 2006.
The following table summarizes the purchase price as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value of EPIX shares issued |
|
$ |
80,349,487 |
|
Fair value of vested Predix stock options exchanged for EPIX options |
|
|
5,697,540 |
|
Milestone payment due to Predix stockholders |
|
|
35,000,000 |
|
Cash paid in lieu of fractional shares |
|
|
1,389 |
|
Direct acquisition costs |
|
|
3,633,576 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total purchase price |
|
$ |
124,681,992 |
|
|
|
|
|
The value of the 13,621,300 shares of EPIX common stock issued in the Merger was $5.97 per
share, which represents the five-day average closing price of EPIX common stock beginning two days
immediately preceding the public announcement of the Merger on April 3, 2006. The aggregate value
of the common stock issued was reduced by approximately $970,000, representing the costs to
register the EPIX shares. The fair value of the stock options assumed
in the Merger was determined by
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: stock price of $5.97,
which is the value ascribed to the EPIX common stock in determining the purchase price; volatility
of 70%; risk-free interest rate of 4.62%; and an expected life of 4.9 years.
The following table summarizes the allocation of purchase price to the estimated fair values
of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of August 16,
2006, the date of the Merger, in
accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. The amount allocated to goodwill is non-deductible for tax purposes.
12
|
|
|
|
|
In-process research and development |
|
$ |
123,500,000 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
16,426,010 |
|
Other current assets |
|
|
2,624,303 |
|
Property and equipment |
|
|
1,212,257 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
1,468,574 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
3,506,274 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets acquired |
|
|
148,737,418 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities |
|
|
12,580,476 |
|
Notes payable |
|
|
9,516,380 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
1,958,570 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities assumed |
|
|
24,055,426 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets acquired |
|
$ |
124,681,992 |
|
|
|
|
|
The estimated fair value attributed to in-process research and development represents an estimate
of the fair value of purchased in-process technology for research projects that, as of the closing
date of the Merger, have not reached technological feasibility and have no alternative future use. Only
those research projects that had advanced to a stage of development where the Company believed
reasonable net future cash flow forecasts could be prepared and a reasonable likelihood of
technical success existed were included in the estimated fair value. Accordingly, the in-process
research and development primarily represents the estimated fair value of the following drug
candidates: PRX-00023, Predixs drug candidate that, as of the date of the Merger, was in Phase
3 clinical trials for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder; PRX-03140, Predixs drug
candidate that had completed Phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of Alzheimers disease as of
the date of the Merger; PRX-08066, Predixs drug candidate that had entered Phase 2 clinical
trials for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in association
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as of the date of the Merger; and PRX-07034,
Predixs drug candidate that had entered Phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of obesity at
the time of the Merger. The estimated fair value of the in-process research and development was
determined based on a discounted forecast of the estimated net future cash flows for each project,
adjusted for the estimated probability (for these purposes) of technical success and U.S. Food and
Drug Administration or European Agency for Evaluation of Medicinal Products approval for each
research project. In-process research and development has been expensed as of the merger date.
In determining the fair value to attribute to intangible assets, the Company considered
several categories of intangible assets including the contract-based and technology-based
intangible assets described below. In accordance with paragraph 39 and Appendix A of SFAS 141,
identifiable intangible assets will be recognized if they arise from contractual or legal rights or
if they are otherwise separable. Intangible assets that are not specifically identifiable, have
indeterminate lives or are inherent in continuing business and related to the enterprise as a whole
will be classified as goodwill.
|
|
|
Contract-based intangible assets (licensing arrangements): Predixs contractual
relationship with Amgen and CFFT. The terms of the agreements were considered to be
ostensibly fair to both parties thus having no value separable from goodwill. |
|
|
|
|
Technology-based intangible assets (technology platform, existing product candidates and
patents, in-process research and development): Existing clinical compounds and related and
patents were determined to be separable from goodwill and were valued as in-process
research and development. The technology platforms value in the development of future yet
to be identified compounds was not considered reliably quantifiable. |
In identifying the acquired in-process research and development, the developmental projects
were evaluated in the context of interpretation 4 and paragraph 11 of SFAS No. 2, Accounting for
Research and Development Costs, along with reference to the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants Guide, Assets Acquired in a Business Combination to be Used in Research and Development
Activities: A Focus on Software, Electronic Devices and Pharmaceutical Industries.
The following pro forma financial information presents the results of operations as if the Merger
had occurred at the beginning of 2005 and 2006. All periods exclude the write-off
of in-process research and development of $123,500,000 as it has no
continuing impact after the Merger. The pro forma information does not purport
to indicate the results that would have actually been obtained had the Merger been completed on the
assumed dates or which may be realized in the future.
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
September 30, |
|
September 30, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
Revenue |
|
$ |
3,796,749 |
|
|
$ |
2,967,714 |
|
|
$ |
8,804,354 |
|
|
$ |
6,898,915 |
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(18,399,006 |
) |
|
$ |
(15,022,901 |
) |
|
$ |
(41,541,626 |
) |
|
$ |
(42,997,966 |
) |
Net loss per share, basic and diluted |
|
$ |
(0.63 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.52 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.43 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.48 |
) |
5. Restructuring Charges
During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, the Company incurred charges related to
actions announced prior to the Merger with Predix to control costs and improve the focus of the
Companys operations to reduce losses and conserve cash. In addition, during the third quarter of 2006 the Company incurred additional restructuring charges
in conjunction with the Merger for the consolidation of the Companys former headquarters into the
former Predix headquarter location in Lexington, Massachusetts. These charges were for vacated lease space and fixed asset
write-offs.
The Company is accounting for the restructuring costs in accordance with SFAS No.
146, Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities.
The following table displays the restructuring activity and liability balances:
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2005 |
|
$ |
971,828 |
|
Restructuring charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 |
|
|
633,238 |
|
Cash payments |
|
|
(1,128,577 |
) |
Impairment charges related to vacated space and fixed asset write-offs |
|
|
(193,313 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Balance at September 30, 2006 |
|
$ |
283,176 |
|
|
|
|
|
6. Convertible Debt
In June 2004, the Company completed a sale, pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of
1933, of $100.0 million of 3.0% convertible senior notes due 2024 for net proceeds of approximately
$96.4 million. Each $1,000 of senior notes is convertible into 22.39 shares of the Companys common
stock representing a conversion price of approximately $44.66 per share if (1) the price of the
Companys common stock trades above 120% of the conversion price for a specified time period, (2)
the trading price of the senior notes is below a certain threshold, (3) the senior notes have been
called for redemption, or (4) specified corporate transactions have occurred. None of these
conversion triggers has occurred as of September 30, 2006. Each of the senior notes is also
convertible into the Companys common stock in certain other circumstances. The senior notes bear
an interest rate of 3.0%, payable semiannually on June 15 and December 15 of each year. The senior
notes are unsecured and are subordinated to secured debt.
The Company has the right to redeem the notes on or after June 15, 2009 at an initial
redemption price of 100.85%, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Note holders may require the Company
to repurchase the notes at par, plus accrued and unpaid interest, on June 15, 2011, 2014 and 2019
and upon certain other events, including a change of control and termination of trading, each as
defined in the indenture governing the senior notes.
In connection with the issuance of the senior notes, the Company incurred $3.65 million of
issuance costs, which primarily consisted of investment banker fees and legal and other
professional fees. The costs are being amortized as interest expense using the effective interest
method over the term from issuance through the first date that the holders are entitled to require
repurchase of the senior notes (June 2011). Amortization of the issuance costs for the three
months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was $121,291 and $116,966, respectively, and for the nine
months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was $365,268 and $352,409, respectively.
7. Equity
EPIX
stockholders approved a 1-for-1.5 reverse split of its common stock.
The reverse split occurred immediately prior to the completion of the
merger. All
references in the financial statements and notes to the number of shares outstanding, per share
amounts, and stock options have been restated to reflect the effect of the reverse stock split for
all periods presented.
Stockholders deficit as of September 30, 2006 reflects the reverse stock split by
reclassifying from Common stock to Additional paid-in-capital an amount equal to the par value
of the reduction in shares arising from the reverse split. Stockholders equity as of December 31,
2005 reflects historical dollar values of common stock and additional paid-in-capital, while the
number of shares issued and outstanding has been updated to reflect post reverse split shares in
order to calculate per share values.
In conjunction with the Merger, the Company assumed the Predix Pharmaceuticals
Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2003 Stock Incentive Plan (the 2003 Plan). The 2003 Plan
provides for the grant of stock options (incentive and non-statutory), restricted stock and other
stock awards having such terms and conditions as the Board may determine. Under the 2003 Plan,
stock awards may be granted to employees and to consultants of the Company. The options may be
granted at a price not less than fair value of the common stock on the date of grant. At September
30, 2006, approximately 1.1 million shares of common stock were available for grant under the 2003
Plan.
8. Commitments
14
Leases
The Company leases its facilities in Lexington, MA, Cambridge, MA and Princeton, NJ and facilities
and vehicles in Ramat Gan, Israel under agreements that are accounted for as operating leases. The
facility leases generally provide for a base rent plus real estate taxes and certain operating
expenses related to the leases. Certain of the Companys leases contain renewal options and
escalating payments over the life of the lease. The Company has vacated its Princeton, NJ facility
and one of its locations in Cambridge, MA.
At September 30, 2006, future minimum commitments under all noncancellable capital and operating
leases with initial or remaining terms of more than one year are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital |
|
|
Operating |
|
|
|
Leases |
|
|
Leases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 (remainder of year) |
|
$ |
16,280 |
|
|
$ |
695,552 |
|
2007 |
|
|
50,557 |
|
|
|
3,478,278 |
|
2008 |
|
|
38,494 |
|
|
|
2,502,010 |
|
2009 |
|
|
29,906 |
|
|
|
2,476,072 |
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,466,642 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,668,542 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total minimum lease payments |
|
|
135,237 |
|
|
|
19,287,096 |
|
Less aggregate future sublease income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,753,733 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
135,237 |
|
|
$ |
16,533,363 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less amount representing interest |
|
|
(12,731 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Present value of minimum lease payments |
|
|
122,506 |
|
|
|
|
|
Less current portion of capital lease obligation |
|
|
(42,801 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion |
|
$ |
79,705 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Commitments
In
November 2003, the Company entered into an intellectual property agreement with Dr. Martin R.
Prince (the Prince Agreement). Under the terms of the Prince Agreement, Dr. Prince granted the
Company certain discharges, licenses and releases in connection with the historic and future use of
Vasovist by the Company and agreed not to sue the Company for intellectual property infringement
related to the use of Vasovist. In consideration for Dr. Prince entering into this agreement, the
Company paid him an upfront fee of $850,000, issued him 132,000 shares of common stock valued at
$2.3 million (at the date of the agreement), agreed to pay him future royalties on sales of
Vasovist and agreed to provide him with $140,000 worth of Vasovist
annually for the life of the agreement.
The Company recorded a $3.2 million charge to research and development expense in the fourth
quarter of 2003 for the value of the cash and common stock consideration paid to Dr. Prince.
During the third quarter of 2006, the obligation to provide Dr. Prince with $140,000 of Vasovist
annually was triggered and the Company recorded a $0.9 million charge to research and development
expense representing the present value of this obligation. Under the terms of the Prince
Agreement, Dr. Prince may decide to defer delivery of all or a portion of the amount of Vasovist
due to him in any given year to future years. The Prince Agreement expires based upon the last to
expire patent or patent application as listed in the agreement, which is currently estimated to be
in 2026.
9. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
On July 13, 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation
No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,
(FIN 48), which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial
statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax
return. FIN 48 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company
does not believe the adoption of FIN 48 will have a material impact on its overall financial
position or results of operations.
On September 15,
2006, the FASB issued FAS No. 157 Fair Value Measurements (FAS 157). FAS
157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expand disclosures
about fair value measurements. FAS 157 is effective for the Company as of January 1, 2008. The
Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting FAS 157.
15
ITEM 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations
should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and
related notes that appear elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition to
historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking
statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section
21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are intended to be covered by the
safe harbor created by those sections. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain
assumptions and reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs, can generally be identified by the use of
forward-looking terms such as believes, expects, may, will, should, could, seek,
intends, plans, estimates, anticipates or other comparable terms. Our actual results could
differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause
or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q. We urge you to consider the risks and uncertainties described in Item 1A of
this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in evaluating our forward-looking statements. We caution
readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as
of the date made. Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we disclaim any
obligation or undertaking to publicly release any updates or revisions to any forward-looking
statement contained herein (or elsewhere) to reflect any change in our expectations with regard
thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.
OVERVIEW
On August 16, 2006, EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (EPIX or the Company) completed its
acquisition of Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. (Predix) pursuant to the terms of an
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 3, 2006, by and among EPIX, EPIX Delaware, Inc., a
wholly-owned subsidiary of EPIX, and Predix, as amended. Pursuant to the
merger agreement, Predix merged with and into EPIX Delaware, Inc. and became a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Company (the Merger). The merger with
Predix was primarily a stock transaction valued at
approximately $125 million, including the assumption of net debt
at closing. As part of the merger, we also assumed all outstanding
options and warrants to purchase capital stock of Predix. The
purchase price includes a $35 million milestone payment to the holders of Predix
stock, options and warrants prior to the merger, payable in cash, stock or a combination of both, based on Predixs achievement of a strategic
milestone under the merger agreement. Specifically, on July 31, 2006, Predix entered into an
exclusive worldwide license agreement with Amgen Inc. to develop and commercialize products based
on Predixs compounds which modulate the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) known as
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1, or S1P1, and compounds and products that may be identified by
or acquired by Amgen the S1P1 receptor. Pursuant to the terms of the
merger agreement, $20 million
of the milestone was paid in cash in October 2006. The remaining $15 million of the milestone
payment will be paid in shares of EPIX common stock on October 29, 2007, except to the extent that
such shares would exceed 49.99% of outstanding shares immediately after such milestone payment when
combined with all shares of EPIX common stock issued in the merger and issuable upon exercise of
all Predix options and warrants that we assumed in the merger. The
portion of the remaining milestone payment that can not be paid in
EPIX common stock will be paid in cash with interest accrued at a
rate of 10%. In addition, in connection with the
merger, we effected a 1-for-1.5 reverse stock split of our outstanding common stock. All
information in this report relating to the number of shares, price per share, and per share amounts
of common stock are presented on a post-split basis.
Following
the merger, EPIX is a biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering, developing and
commercializing novel pharmaceutical products through the use of proprietary technologies to better
diagnose, treat and manage patients. We have a blood-pool imaging agent (Vasovist) approved in
the European Union, Canada, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Australia, and five internally-discovered therapeutic and imaging drug
candidates currently in clinical trials. Vasovist is currently being
marketed in Europe. These drug candidates are targeting conditions such as
depression, Alzheimers disease, cardiovascular disease and obesity. We also have collaborations
with leading organizations including Amgen Inc. (Amgen), Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics (CFFT), and Schering AG
(Germany).
The focus of our therapeutic drug discovery and development efforts is on the two classes of
drug targets known as GPCRs and ion channels. GPCRs and ion channels are classes of proteins
embedded in the surface membrane of all cells and are responsible for mediating much of the
biological signaling at the cellular level. We believe that our proprietary drug discovery
technology and approach addresses many of the inefficiencies associated with traditional GPCR and
ion channel-targeted drug discovery. By integrating computer-based, or in silico, technology with
in-house medicinal chemistry, we believe that we can rapidly identify and optimize highly selective
drug candidates. We focus on GPCR and ion channel drug targets whose role in disease has already
been demonstrated in clinical trials or in preclinical studies. In each of our four clinical-stage
therapeutic programs, we used our drug discovery technology and approach to optimize a lead
compound into a clinical drug candidate in less than ten months, synthesizing fewer than 80
compounds per program. We moved each of these drug candidates into clinical trials in less than 18
months from lead identification. We believe our drug discovery technology and approach enables us
to efficiently and cost-effectively discover and develop GPCR and ion channel-targeted drugs.
16
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on
our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us
to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported assets and liabilities, revenues and
expenses, and other financial information. Actual results may differ significantly from the
estimates under different assumptions and conditions.
Our
significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 of our financial
statements for the year ended December 31, 2005. Not all significant accounting policies require
management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments or estimates. We believe that our
accounting policies related to revenue recognition, research and development and employee stock
compensation, as described below, require critical accounting estimates and judgments.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue relating to collaborations in accordance with the Securities and
Exchange Commissions (SEC) Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue Recognition in Financial
Statements, (SAB 104). Revenue under collaborations may include the receipt of non-refundable
license fees, milestone payments, research and development
payments and royalties.
We recognize nonrefundable upfront license fees and guaranteed, time-based payments that
require continuing involvement in the form of research and development as revenue:
|
|
|
ratably over the development period; or |
|
|
|
|
based upon the level of research services performed during the period of the research contract. |
When the period of deferral cannot be specifically identified from the contract,
management estimates the period based upon other critical factors contained within the contract.
We continually review such estimates which could result in a change in the deferral period and
might impact the timing and amount of revenue recognized.
Milestone payments are recognized as revenue when the performance obligations, as defined in
the contract, are achieved. Performance obligations typically consist of significant milestones in
the development life cycle of the related technology, such as initiation of clinical trials, filing
for approval with regulatory agencies and approvals by regulatory agencies.
Royalties
are recognized as revenue when earned and reasonably estimable, which
is typically upon receipt of royalty reports from the licensee or cash.
Reimbursements of research and development costs are recognized as revenue as the related
costs are incurred.
We
recognize as revenue the cash consideration received from Schering AG for efforts provided by
us in excess of our obligation under the agreement to expend 50% of the costs to developing
Vasovist. This revenue is recognized in the same period in which the costs are incurred. With
respect to payments due to Schering AG, if any, in connection with the Vasovist development program,
we would recognize such amounts as a reduction to revenue at the time
Schering AG performs the
research and development activities for which we are obligated to pay
Schering AG.
On a monthly basis, we calculate the revenue or reduction to revenue, as the case may be, with
respect to the collaboration with Schering AG for Vasovist as follows:
|
|
|
We calculate our development costs directly related to Vasovist. |
|
|
|
|
We obtain cost reports, or an estimate of costs, from
Schering AG for costs incurred by
them related to the development of Vasovist during the same period. Where estimates are
used, we review the estimates and record, as necessary, adjustments in the subsequent
quarter when we receive actual results from Schering AG. To date, there have been no material
adjustments. |
|
|
|
|
We multiply our and Schering AGs development costs by approximately 50% based on the
contractual allocation of work contemplated under the agreement. |
|
|
|
|
We then record the net difference as development revenue if the balance results in a
payment to us and negative revenue if the balance results in a
payment to Schering AG. |
17
The result of this calculation is that we record revenue only for amounts we are owed by
Schering AG in excess of 50% of development expenses of the project in the particular period. We
would record a reduction to revenue for any amounts owed to Schering AG in the particular period. To
date, we have not been required to make any payments to Schering AG.
In connection with the acquisition of Predix, we are recognizing license fee revenue
for arrangements that Predix had with both Amgen and CFFT. The value of these
arrangements of $3.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively, was recorded on the date of
acquisition as deferred revenue based upon the fair value of the remaining services to be provided
by the Company. The deferred revenue is recognized over the period of continuing involvement in
ongoing research efforts by the Company.
Royalty revenue is recognized based on actual revenues reported to us by Bracco Imaging S.p.A.
(Bracco) and Schering AG in the period in which royalty reports are received, typically one quarter
in arrears.
Research and Development
The Company accounts for research and development costs in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 2,
Accounting for Research and Development Costs, which requires
that expenditures be expensed to
operations as incurred. Research and development expenses primarily include employee salaries and
related costs, third party service costs, the cost of preclinical and clinical trials, supplies,
consulting expenses, facility costs and certain overhead costs.
In order to conduct research and development activities and compile regulatory submissions, we
enter into contracts with vendors who render services over extended periods of time. Typically, we enter into three types of vendor contracts: time-based, patient-based
or a combination thereof. Under a time-based contract, using critical factors contained within the
contract, usually the stated duration of the contract and the timing of services provided, we
record the contractual expense for each service provided under the contract ratably over the period
during which we estimate the service will be performed. Under a patient-based contract, we first
determine an appropriate per patient cost using critical factors contained within the contract,
which include the estimated number of patients and the total dollar value of the contract. We then
record expense based upon the total number of patients enrolled during the period. On a quarterly
basis, we review both the timetable of services to be rendered and the timing of services actually
rendered. Based upon this review, revisions may be made to the forecasted timetable or to the
extent of services performed, or both, in order to reflect our most current estimate of the
contract. Adjustments are recorded in the period in which the revisions are estimable. These
adjustments could have a material effect on our results of operations.
Employee Stock Compensation
We have adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment An Amendment of FASB Statements No. 123 and 95 (SFAS 123(R)), beginning
January 1, 2006, using the modified prospective transition method. Under the modified prospective
transition method, financial statements for periods prior to the adoption date are not adjusted for
the change in accounting. However, compensation expense is recognized, based on the requirements of
SFAS 123(R), for (a) all share-based payments granted after the effective date and (b) all awards
granted to employees prior to the effective date that remain unvested on the effective date.
Determining the appropriate fair value model and calculating the fair value of share-based
awards requires us to make various judgments, including estimating the expected life of the
share-based award, the expected stock price volatility over the expected life of the share-based
award and forfeiture rates. In order to determine the fair value of share-based awards on the date
of grant, we use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Inherent in this model are assumptions
related to stock price volatility, option life, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield. The
risk-free interest rate is a less subjective assumption as it is based on treasury instruments
whose term is consistent with the expected life of options. We use a dividend yield of zero as we
have never paid cash dividends and have no intention to pay cash dividends in the immediate future.
The stock price volatility and option life assumptions require a greater level of judgment.
Estimating forfeitures also requires significant
judgment. Our stock-price volatility assumption is based on trends in both our current and
historical volatilities of our stock and those of comparable companies. We use the simplified
method, as prescribed by the SECs SAB
No. 107, to calculate the expected term of options. We estimate forfeitures based on our historical
experience of cancellations of share-based compensation prior to vesting. We believe that our
estimates are based on outcomes that are reasonably likely to occur. To the extent actual
forfeitures differ from our estimates, we will record an adjustment in the period the estimates are
revised. See Note 3 to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) included herein.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
18
Revenues
The following table presents revenue and revenue growth (decline) for the three and nine month
periods ending September 30, 2006 and 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth |
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
|
(Decline) |
|
|
Revenue |
|
|
(Decline) |
|
Product development revenue |
|
$ |
569,378 |
|
|
|
(56 |
%) |
|
$ |
1,297,720 |
|
|
|
(43 |
%) |
Royalty revenue |
|
|
362,449 |
|
|
|
(55 |
%) |
|
|
798,484 |
|
|
|
14 |
% |
License fee revenue |
|
|
413,802 |
|
|
|
149 |
% |
|
|
165,894 |
|
|
|
(37 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,345,629 |
|
|
|
(41 |
%) |
|
$ |
2,262,098 |
|
|
|
(30 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Growth |
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
|
(Decline) |
|
|
Revenue |
|
|
(Decline) |
|
Product development revenue |
|
$ |
2,383,436 |
|
|
|
(23 |
%) |
|
$ |
3,087,565 |
|
|
|
(55 |
%) |
Royalty revenue |
|
|
1,282,945 |
|
|
|
(30 |
%) |
|
|
1,821,094 |
|
|
|
(24 |
%) |
License fee revenue |
|
|
736,996 |
|
|
|
48 |
% |
|
|
497,686 |
|
|
|
(39 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
4,403,377 |
|
|
|
(19 |
%) |
|
$ |
5,406,345 |
|
|
|
(47 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our
current revenues have arisen principally from our collaboration
agreements with Schering AG
(for Vasovist, EP-2104R and MRI discovery research) and CFFT; from license fee revenues relating to
our agreements with Amgen, Schering AG, CFFT, Tyco/Mallinckrodt and Bracco; and from royalties related
to our agreements with Bracco and Schering AG. Our MRI discovery research collaboration with Schering
concluded in May 2006 and our development agreement for EP-2104R with Schering concluded in August
2006.
Product development revenue decreased 56% and 23% in the three and nine months ended September
30, 2006, respectively, compared to the comparable prior year periods, primarily as a result of the
completion of the MRI program in May 2006 and the EP-2104R program in August 2006, and a reduction
in development work for Vasovist. This decrease was partially offset by revenue of approximately
$266,000 from the CFFT program.
The decrease in royalty revenue of 55% and 30% for the three and nine months ended September
2006, respectively, compared to the comparable prior year periods resulted from a reduction in the
royalty rate on sales of MultiHance® by Bracco once total qualified sales of MultiHance exceeded a
level established in the agreement and lower overall royalty-eligible sales due to expiration of
certain patents related to the sublicense with Bracco. Due to the continuing expiration of
patents, we expect royalty revenue from Bracco to end in the first quarter of 2007. Royalties from
sales of Vasovist in Europe, which were first received in the third quarter of 2006, were minimal
and are expected to gradually increase as the product is introduced in additional markets where it
has been approved.
License fee revenue increased 149% and 48% in the three and nine months ended September 30,
2006, respectively, compared to the comparable prior year periods primarily as a result of the
recognition of deferred revenue from the Amgen agreement. Partially offsetting this increase was a
decrease in revenue from the recognition of the Bracco license fee as this fee was fully recognized
by June 2006.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses of $8.2 million and $15.4 million for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2006, reflects an increase of 48% and a decrease of 8% from the
comparable periods in 2005. The increase in research and development expenses during the three
months ended September 30, 2006 is due to expenses associated with the clinical and pre-clinical
development
19
programs, as well as internal costs, of the Predix acquisition that was completed on August
16, 2006. Clinical program costs incurred since the acquisition included completion of a Phase 3
clinical trial for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) with PRX-00023; costs incurred for the
preparation of a Phase 2a clinical trial of PRX-03140 for the treatment of Alzheimers disease,
which is expected to begin in the fourth quarter of 2006; costs incurred for an ongoing Phase 2a clinical trial of PRX-08066 for the treatment of pulmonary
hypertension in association with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), and costs incurred for completion of a
single ascending dose study and the preparation of a Phase 1 multiple ascending dose clinical trial
of PRX-07034 for the treatment of obesity and cognitive impairment. Results from the Phase 3
clinical trial of PRX-00023 demonstrated that PRX-00023 did not achieve a statistically significant
improvement over placebo for the primary endpoint of efficacy with respect to GAD. Based on the
Phase 3 trial results, we have discontinued clinical development of PRX-00023 in GAD and instead
are focusing our development for this drug candidate in depression as the trial demonstrated a
statistically significant improvement in a pre-specified secondary end-point measuring depressive
symptoms. In addition, we recorded a charge of approximately $0.9 million in the current
quarter for our obligation under the settlement agreement reached with Dr. Prince in 2003 to
provide him with Vasovist product for the life of the agreement. The increased costs associated
with the Predix acquisition and the charge related to the Dr. Prince settlement were partially
offset by lower levels of spending on our Vasovist and EP-2104R development programs and from lower
expenditures on our MRI research programs. In addition, we are no longer conducting pre-clinical or
clinical studies on any imaging product candidates. Spending during the third quarter of 2006 for
Vasovist primarily involved costs related to our appeal to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) regarding the FDAs decision to require an additional clinical trial and/or conducting one
or more additional clinical trials. In August 2006, we received a letter from the FDA denying our
formal appeal to approve Vasovist and our request for an advisory committee to review Vasovist. We
are currently in dialogue with the FDA regarding an NDA for Vasovist in the United States. With the
completion of enrollment on our Phase 2 clinical trial for EP-2104R in early 2006 and the overall
completion of the trial costs in August 2006, the rate of spending during the current quarter for
this development program also decreased. Lastly, a reduction-in-force, which was announced in the
fourth quarter of 2005 and implemented in the first quarter of 2006, significantly reduced our
spending activities for both our MRI and therapeutics projects. The decrease in research and
development costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 is attributable to the decrease
spending on Vasovist, EP-2104R and lower expenditures on MRI research programs as described above,
which were partially offset by the increase costs from the Predix acquisition, the Dr. Prince
settlement and non-cash expense of approximately $1.5 million resulting from our recognition of
stock compensation related to the implementation of SFAS 123(R).
In-Process Research and Development Charge
The
charge of $123.5 million for in-process research and development in the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2006 represents the fair value of purchased in-process technology of
Predix for research projects that, as of the closing date of the
merger, had not reached technological
feasibility and have no alternative future use. This is a
non-recurring charge. The in-process
research and development primarily represents the estimated fair value of the following drug
candidates: PRX-00023, Predixs drug candidate that, as of the
date of the merger, was in Phase
3 clinical trials for the treatment of GAD; PRX-03140, Predixs drug
candidate that had completed Phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of Alzheimers disease as of
the date of the merger; PRX-08066, Predixs drug candidate that had entered Phase 2 clinical
trials for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in association
with COPD as of the date of
the merger; and PRX-07034,
Predixs drug candidate that had entered Phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of obesity at
the time of the merger. We anticipate that we will continue to spend a significant portion of our research and development
budget on advancing these four drug candidates through additional clinical trials. However, as
discussed above, the focus of the development of PRX-00023 will be in depression instead of
GAD.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses of $2.9 million and $6.9 million for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2006, reflects an increase of 11% and a decrease of 12% from the
comparable periods in 2005. The increase in general and administrative expenses during the three
months ended September 30, 2006 is due to the inclusion of the Predix business that was acquired on
August 16, 2006. In addition, we recognized non-cash expense of approximately $0.4 million
resulting from our recognition of stock compensation related to the implementation of SFAS 123(R).
This increase in costs was partially offset by lower marketing, non-merger related legal and
consulting costs and to lower staff levels resulting from the reduction in force that took place in
January 2006. The decrease in general and administrative expenses during the nine months ended
September 30, 2006 is due primarily to the lower marketing, non-merger related legal and consulting
costs and to lower staff levels resulting from the reduction in force that took place in January
2006, partially offset by increased costs due to the Merger with Predix and stock compensation
expense of $0.8 million. General and administrative expenses also include royalties expense of
approximately $32,000 and $104,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and
$32,000 and $78,000 for the three and nine months ended September 2005, respectively.
Restructuring Costs
Restructuring costs amounted to $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2006, respectively. Costs incurred in the current quarter are for facility
exit costs related to the consolidation of our Cambridge, MA headquarters into the Predix
headquarters in Lexington, MA. The exit costs primarily consist of future lease payments through
the end of 2007 and the write off of leasehold improvements. Additional restructuring costs are
expected to be incurred in 2007 for the consolidation of our leased laboratory facility in
Cambridge to our Lexington location. The timing and amount of the additional restructuring costs
will depend upon the completion of laboratory construction at our Lexington facility, which is
currently anticipated to be completed in mid-2007. Costs incurred for the nine-month period also include
costs related to the plan announced in the fourth quarter of 2005 to reduce our workforce by 48
employees, or approximately 50%, in response to the FDAs second approvable letter regarding
20
Vasovist. The reductions, which were completed in January 2006, affected both our research and
development and the general and administrative areas.
Interest Income and Interest Expense
Interest income of $1.5 million and $4.2 million for the three and nine months ended September
30, 2006, represents and increase of 38% and 46% from the comparable periods in 2005. The increase
in interest income was due to higher interest rates on our invested cash, cash equivalents and
marketable securities during the period.
Interest expense of $1.1 million and $2.8 million for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2006, represents an increase of 19% and 4% from the comparable periods in 2005. The
increase in interest expense is the result of interest accruing on the $15 million milestone
payment that is due to the former Predix stockholders on October 29, 2007. Under the terms of the
merger agreement, if the milestone cannot be paid in shares of our common stock due to terms of the
agreement, the payment will be made in cash and will accrue interest at a rate of 10%. The
increase in interest expense was partially offset by lower interest
expense on our prior loan
facility with Schering AG as that facility was terminated by both parties in January 2006.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes represents Italian income taxes related to the Bracco
agreement. Because the remaining balance of prepaid royalties from Bracco has been fully offset
and we are receiving cash remittances from Bracco, Italian income taxes are being withheld on
Bracco royalties on sales of MultiHance. We expect to have Italian income taxes withheld on all
Bracco royalties for the remainder of the term of the agreement, which is expected to end when the
final royalty payment is made to us by Bracco in early 2007.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our principal sources of liquidity consist of cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale
marketable securities of $113.1 million at September 30, 2006 as compared to $124.7 million at
December 31, 2005. The decrease in cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable
securities was primarily attributed to funding of ongoing operations.
We used approximately $14.6 million of cash to fund operating activities for the nine months
ended September 30, 2006, which compares to $18.0 million for the same period in 2005. The net use
of cash to fund operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 resulted from the net
loss of $140.8 million, which after subtracting the non-cash charge for the write-off of
in-process research and development of $123.5 million and other non-cash expenses of $3.7 million,
amounted to a $13.6 million net loss. Significant changes in working capital for the nine months
ended September 30, 2006 included the following: an increase in
accounts payable of $2.5 million
primarily due to the fact that Predix had a minimal amount of accounts payable as of the closing of
the merger and payment terms returned to standard terms as of September 30, 2006; a decrease in
accrued expenses of $3.7 million which was primarily due to the payment of accrued merger-related
liabilities that were assumed in the merger; and a decrease in contract advances of $1.6 million
resulting from the offset of funds previously received from Schering for the Vasovist and EP-2104R
programs and from the MRI research collaboration. The net cash used during the nine months ended
September 30, 2005 was primarily due to the net loss incurred of $19.0 million reduced by $1.2
million of non-cash charges for depreciation, amortization and stock compensation.
Our investing activities provided $18.4 million of cash during the nine months ended September
30, 2006 as compared to $25.6 million of cash provided for the same period last year. The primary
sources of cash from investing activities in 2006 was the cash acquired in the Predix merger (net
of cash acquisition costs) and the net redemption of marketable securities of $6.0 million. The
primary source of cash from investing activities in 2005 was the net redemption of marketable
securities of $26.8 million which was partially offset by $1.2 million of capital spending.
We used $9.5 million in cash from financing activities during the nine months ended September
30, 2006, which was attributable to the payment of $9.5 million of bridge loans assumed in the
Predix merger. Financing activities in 2005 provided $0.5 million from proceeds of employee stock
option exercises and our Employee Stock Purchase Plan. During the nine months ended September 30,
2005 we borrowed and repaid $45.0 million from the loan facility
with Schering AG. The loan facility
with Schering AG was terminated in January 2006.
Our primary sources of cash include quarterly payments for CFFT for research services,
quarterly royalty payments from Bracco from the sales of MultiHance and monthly interest income on
our cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable securities. With the expiration in
2006 of certain patents related to the sublicense with Bracco, we expect royalty payment from
Bracco to end in
21
the first quarter of 2007. In the third quarter of 2006, we received our first
royalty payment (approximately $30,000) from sales of Vasovist by
Schering AG following the commercial
launch of the product in the European Union, which began on a country-by-country basis in the second quarter of 2006. We expect royalty payments from sales of Vasovist to
slowly increase as the product is introduced in other countries where it has been approved. Other
potential cash inflows include milestone payments from our current strategic collaborators, Amgen,
CFFT and Schering AG, including: a milestone payment of
$1.3 million from Schering AG, which is dependent
on the FDAs approval of Vasovist, and up to $22.0 million in additional milestone payments from
Schering AG as well as our share of the profits earned on sales of Vasovist worldwide.
Known outflows, in addition to our ongoing research and development and general and
administrative expenses, include the following: $35 million milestone payment to the former Predix
shareholders, of which $20 million was paid on October 29, 2006 and the remaining $15 million is
due on October 29, 2007 payable in shares of our stock if certain conditions are met or otherwise
payable in cash; interest on our $100 million convertible notes at a rate of 3% payable
semi-annually on June 15 and December 15; semi-annual royalties that we owe to MGH on sales by
Bracco of MultiHance; a milestone payment of $2.5 million owed to Tyco/Mallinckrodt, which is
dependent on the FDAs approval of Vasovist; a share of profits due Tyco/Mallinckrodt on sales of
Vasovist worldwide; and a royalty due MGH on our share of the profits of Vasovist worldwide.
We estimate that cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities on hand as of September 30,
2006 will fund our operations at least through 2007. If holders of our convertible senior notes
require redemption of the notes, we may be required to repay $100.0 million, plus accrued and
unpaid interest, on June 15, 2011, 2014 and 2019 and upon certain other designated events under the
notes, which include a change of control of us or termination of trading of our common stock on The
NASDAQ Global Market. Our future liquidity and capital requirements will depend on numerous
factors, including the following: the progress and scope of clinical and pre-clinical trials; the
timing and costs of filing future regulatory submissions; the timing and costs required to receive
both U.S. and foreign governmental approvals; the cost of filing, prosecuting, defending and
enforcing patent claims and other intellectual property rights; the extent to which our products,
if any, gain market acceptance; the timing and costs of product introductions; the extent of our
ongoing and new research and development programs; the costs of training physicians to become
proficient with the use of our potential products; and, if necessary, once regulatory approvals are
received, the costs of developing marketing and distribution capabilities.
Because of anticipated spending for the continued development of our pre-clinical and clinical
compounds, we do not expect positive cash flow from operating activities for at least the next
several years.
The following table, which has been adjusted to reflect changes since the filing of our
contractual obligations table as set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2005, represents payments due under contractual obligations as of September 30, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments due by period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than |
|
|
1-3 |
|
|
3-5 |
|
|
More than |
|
Contractual Obligations |
|
Total |
|
|
1 year |
|
|
years |
|
|
years |
|
|
5 years |
|
Long-term debt obligations, including
interest payments |
|
$ |
115,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
3,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
6,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
106,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Operating lease obligations |
|
|
19,287,000 |
|
|
|
3,308,000 |
|
|
|
7,691,000 |
|
|
|
4,034,000 |
|
|
|
4,254,000 |
|
Capital lease obligations |
|
|
135,000 |
|
|
|
54,000 |
|
|
|
81,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unconditional purchase obligations |
|
|
930,000 |
|
|
|
930,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
2,905,000 |
|
|
|
245,000 |
|
|
|
420,000 |
|
|
|
280,000 |
|
|
|
1,960,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
138,257,000 |
|
|
$ |
7,537,000 |
|
|
$ |
14,192,000 |
|
|
$ |
110,314,000 |
|
|
$ |
6,214,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
The objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal, while at the same time
maximizing yields without significantly
22
increasing risk. To achieve this objective, in accordance with our investment policy, we
invest our cash in a variety of financial instruments, principally restricted to U.S. government
issues, high-grade bank obligations, high-grade corporate bonds and certain money market funds.
These investments are denominated in U.S. dollars.
Investments in both fixed rate and floating rate interest earning instruments carry a degree
of interest rate risk. Fixed rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted
due to a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than
expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may
fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or we may suffer losses in principal if
forced to sell securities that have seen a decline in market value due to changes in interest
rates. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in interest rates
would result in a decrease or increase in the
fair market value of our total portfolio of approximately $85,000, respectively, at September 30, 2006.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures.
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule
13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that
evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report were effective in
ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under
the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified
in the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms. We believe that a control system, no
matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the
control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all
control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected.
There
was no significant change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule
13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this report that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time and in the ordinary course of business, we are subject to various claims, charges
and litigation. The outcome of litigation cannot be predicted with certainty and some lawsuits,
claims or proceedings may be disposed of unfavorably to us, which could materially affect our
financial condition or results of operations..
23
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors.
In analyzing our company, you should consider carefully the following risk factors, together
with all of the other information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Factors that
could cause or contribute to differences in our actual results include those discussed in the
following subsection, as well as those discussed above in Managements Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere throughout this quarterly report on
Form 10-Q. Each of the following risk factors, either alone or taken together, could adversely
affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as adversely affect the
value of an investment in our common stock.
As
a result of the consumation of our acquisition of Predix
in August 2006, the risk factors below represent material
changes from those presented in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2006, which represented only risk factors associated with
EPIXs business. We are subject to the following significant risks, among others:
Risks Related to our Business
Integrating our organization with Predix may divert managements attention away from our operations
and, if we are unsuccessful in integrating our companies, we may not be able to operate efficiently
after the merger.
Achieving the benefits of our merger with Predix will depend in part on the successful
integration of our operations and personnel in a timely and efficient manner. The integration
process requires coordination of different development, regulatory, administrative and commercial
teams, and involves the integration of systems, applications, policies, procedures, business
processes and operations. This may be difficult and unpredictable because of possible cultural
conflicts and different opinions on scientific and regulatory matters. Problems in integrating
financial reporting could result in control issues, including unplanned costs. Delays in
successfully integrating and managing employee benefits could lead to dissatisfaction and employee
turnover. In addition, the combination of our organizations may result in greater competition for
resources and elimination of research and development programs that might otherwise be successfully
completed, especially in light of the difference in our current imaging business and therapeutic
business. If we cannot successfully integrate our operations and personnel, we may not realize the
expected benefits of the merger. Moreover, the diversion of managements attention and any
difficulties encountered in the transition and integration process could result in delays in the
companies clinical trial programs and could otherwise harm our business, financial condition and
operating results.
We anticipate future losses and may never become profitable.
Our future financial results are uncertain. We have experienced significant losses since we
commenced operations in 1992. Our accumulated net losses as of September 30, 2006 were
approximately $320.4 million. These losses have primarily resulted from expenses associated with
our research and development activities, including pre-clinical studies and clinical trials,
acquired in-process research and development from the merger with Predix and general and
administrative expenses. We anticipate that our research and development expenses will remain
significant in the future and we expect to incur losses over at least the next several years as we
continue our research and development efforts, pre-clinical testing and clinical trials. In
particular, we believe that we will be required to conduct additional clinical trials to
obtain approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) for any of our product candidates, including Vasovist, which trials would be
expensive and which could contribute to our continuing to incur losses.
In addition, as a result of our merger with Predix, our expenses may increase significantly as
a result of the addition of our newly acquired therapeutic research and development and
commercialization efforts. We expect to incur significant costs integrating our operations,
product candidates and personnel with those of Predix, which cannot be estimated accurately at this
time. These costs may include costs for:
|
|
|
conversion of information systems; |
|
|
|
|
combining development, regulatory, manufacturing and commercial teams and processes; |
|
|
|
|
reorganization of facilities; and |
|
|
|
|
relocation or disposition of excess equipment. |
As a result, we cannot predict when we will become profitable, if at all, and if we do, we may
not remain profitable for any substantial period of time. If we fail to achieve profitability
within the timeframe expected by investors our results of operations, the market price of our
common stock may decline and consequently our business may not be sustainable.
We have never had a commercially available product in the United States and we may never succeed in
developing marketable products.
We have never had any product candidates receive regulatory approval for commercial sale in
the United States and do not expect to have any commercial therapeutic products available in the
United States for at least the next several years, if at all. In September 2006, results from our
pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial of our PRX-00023 product candidate for generalized anxiety disorder
demonstrated that PRX-00023 did not achieve a statistically significant improvement over placebo
for the primary endpoint with respect to generalized anxiety disorder. Prior to obtaining results
from this trial, PRX-00023 was our most advanced therapeutic drug candidate. Based on these trial
results, however, we have discontinued our development efforts with respect to PRX-00023 in anxiety
and currently are focusing our development efforts for this product candidate in depression.
PRX-00023 has not been tested in patients with a primary diagnosis of major depression and will
require significant further additional clinical testing for that indication. In addition, although
our Vasovist imaging product has been approved for commercial sale in European Union, Australia,
Switzerland, Iceland, Norway and Canada, and is currently being marketed in Europe by
Schering AG (Germany), we have not obtained approval of Vasovist in the United States
and do not expect any significant income or royalties as a result of sales of Vasovist for the
foreseeable future. In August 2006, the FDA denied our formal appeal to approve Vasovist and
suggested that that the safest path forward would be to conduct two new clinical trials for
Vasovist. Accordingly, the approval of Vasovist by the FDA is subject to significant uncertainty
and we may never obtain regulatory approval to market Vasovist in the United States.
24
In addition to PRX-00023 and Vasovist, we have four other clinical-stage drug candidates in
the United States: PRX-08066 for the treatment of two types of pulmonary hypertension, which are
pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in which we initiated
a Phase 2 clinical trial in August 2006, and pulmonary arterial hypertension; PRX-03140 for the
treatment of Alzheimers disease, which is expected to enter Phase 2 clinical trials in the fourth
quarter of 2006; PRX-07034 for the treatment of obesity and cognitive impairment, which commenced
Phase 1 clinical trials in June 2006; and EP-2104R, a contrast agent designed to enable the
identification of blood clots using MRI, which completed a Phase 2a clinical trial in June 2006.
Prior to the initiation of our Phase 2 clinical trial, PRX-08066 had never been tested in patients
with pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and has never
been tested in patients with primary pulmonary arterial hypertension. PRX-07034 has never been tested in
patients with obesity or cognitive impairment. A number of companies in the pharmaceutical and
biotechnology industries have suffered significant setbacks in late-stage clinical trials even
after achieving promising results in early-stage clinical development. For example, Sanofi-Aventis
recently discontinued the development of its product candidate for the treatment of Alzheimers
disease designed to target the 5-HT4 protein receptor due to lack of efficacy. This compound is
believed to have the same mechanism of action as PRX-03140, was more advanced in clinical
development and was more potent in in vitro assays. Accordingly, the results from the completed
and ongoing studies and trials for our product candidates may not be predictive of the results we
may obtain in later-stage clinical trials. In addition, Schering declined to exercise an option to
exclusively license EP-2104R and, as a result, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the
future clinical development plan of EP-2104R and depends upon many factors, including our ability
to enter into a collaboration to continue the development of EP-2104R. If we are unable to find a
new collaborative partner, we may bear the expenses of further clinical development ourselves,
which expenses would be significant. If we are unable to develop one or more marketable products
in the United States, or elsewhere, our results of operations, business and future prospects would
be materially harmed.
If we are unable to obtain required regulatory approval of our product candidates, will be unable
to market and sell our product candidates and our business will be materially harmed.
Our existing product candidates and any other product candidates we may discover or acquire
and seek to commercialize are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA and similar regulatory
agencies in other countries relating to development, clinical trials, manufacturing and
commercialization. In the United States and in many foreign jurisdictions, rigorous pre-clinical
testing and clinical trials and an extensive regulatory review process must be successfully
completed before a new product candidate can be sold. Satisfaction of these and other regulatory
requirements is costly, time consuming, uncertain and subject to unanticipated delays. The time
required to obtain approval by the FDA is unpredictable but typically exceeds five years following
the commencement of clinical trials, depending upon many factors, including
the complexity of the product candidate. We initiated clinical trials for PRX-08066,
PRX-00023, PRX-03140 and PRX-07034 in May 2005, February 2004, December 2004 and June 2006,
respectively, and thus far, these therapeutic product candidates have been studied in only a small
number of patients. Early-stage clinical trials in small numbers of patients are often not
predictive of results in later-stage clinical trials with a larger and more diverse patient
population. Even product candidates with favorable results in late-stage pivotal clinical trials
may fail to get approved for commercialization for many reasons, including:
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Our failure to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the FDA or comparable foreign
regulatory authorities that a product candidate is safe and effective for a particular
indication; |
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Our inability to demonstrate that a product candidates benefits outweigh its risks; |
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Our inability to demonstrate that the product candidate presents a significant
advantage over existing therapies; |
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the FDAs or comparable foreign regulatory authorities disagreement with the manner
in which we and our collaborators interpret the data from pre-clinical studies or
clinical trials; |
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the FDAs or comparable foreign regulatory authorities failure to approve our
manufacturing processes or facilities or the processes or facilities of our
collaborators; or |
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a change in the approval policies or regulations of the FDA or comparable foreign
regulatory authorities. |
25
In
addition, although Vasovist has been approved for use in various
foreign countries, Vasovist has not
been approved in the United States. In connection with a new drug application, or NDA, that we
submitted for Vasovist in December 2003, we received an approvable letter from the FDA in January
2005 in which the FDA requested additional clinical trials prior to approval. In May 2005, we
submitted a response to the FDA approvable letter, which was accepted by the FDA as a complete
response in June 2005. In November 2005, the FDA provided us with a second approvable letter.
Although no safety or manufacturing issues were raised in the second approvable letter, the second
approvable letter indicated that at least one additional clinical trial and a re-read of images
obtained in certain previously completed Phase 3 trials will be necessary before the FDA could
approve Vasovist. We believe that these trials would require a substantial period of time to
complete. We have had three meetings with the FDA since receiving the second approvable letter to
discuss the path forward for Vasovist in the United States. After considering the parameters of the
additional clinical trials requested by the FDA, we filed a formal appeal with the FDA asking the
FDA to approve Vasovist and to utilize an advisory committee as part of the appeal process. In
August 2006, the FDA denied our appeal and suggested that that the safest path forward would be to
conduct two new clinical trials for Vasovist. We are currently evaluating several options with
respect to next steps for Vasovist, including the option to appeal the FDAs decision. The
approval, timeliness of approval or labeling of Vasovist are subject to significant uncertainties
related to a number of factors, including the process of reaching agreement with the FDA on the
clinical data and on any clinical trial protocol required for regulatory approval of Vasovist, a
re-read, or reanalysis, of images obtained from completed Phase 3 trials by a new group of
radiologists, the timing and process of conducting any clinical trials that may be ultimately
required if the appeal process ultimately ends in denial of our suggested path forward, obtaining
the desired outcomes of any required clinical trials and the FDAs review process and conclusions
regarding any additional Vasovist regulatory submissions. We cannot assure you that the appeal
process, including any appeal of the FDAs August 2006 decision we may undertake, will be
successful or that we will be able to reach agreement with the FDA on the design or clinical
endpoints required for additional clinical trials or re-read of images from the completed Phase 3
trials that may be required if the appeal process ultimately ends in the denial of our suggested
path forward. Further, we cannot assure you that any such agreed upon clinical trials will be
feasible for us to conduct or whether such trials will be completed in a commercially reasonable
timeframe, if at all. Any further clinical trials that are required could take several years to
complete. If the FDA does not approve Vasovist, then we will not receive revenues based on sales
of Vasovist in the United States. Even if ultimately approved, we do not expect revenues from the
commercial sales of any of our product candidates, other than Vasovist, for at least several years.
The relevant regulatory authorities may not approve any of our applications for marketing
authorization relating to any of our product candidates, or
additional applications for or variations to marketing authorizations that we may make in the
future as to these or other product candidates. Among other things, we have had only limited
experience in preparing applications and obtaining regulatory approvals. If approval is granted,
it may be subject to limitations on the indicated uses for which the product candidate may be
marketed or contain requirements for costly post-marketing testing and surveillance to monitor
safety or efficacy of the product candidate. If approval of an application to market product
candidates is not granted on a timely basis or at all, or if we are unable to maintain our
approval, our business may be materially harmed. It is possible that none of our product
candidates or any other product candidates we may seek to develop in the future will ever obtain
the appropriate regulatory approvals necessary for us to begin selling them, which would materially
harm our business.
Our clinical trials may not yield results that will enable us to obtain regulatory approval for our
product candidates.
We will only receive regulatory approval to commercialize a product candidate if we can
demonstrate to the satisfaction of the FDA or the applicable foreign regulatory agency, in
well-designed and conducted clinical trials, that the product candidate is safe and effective and
otherwise meets the appropriate standards required for approval for a particular indication.
Clinical trials are lengthy, complex and extremely expensive processes with uncertain results. For
example, results from our recently completed Phase 3 clinical trial of PRX-00023 in generalized
anxiety disorder, which was designed to evaluate the efficacy of PRX-00023 as measured by the
change from baseline in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety compared to placebo, demonstrated
that PRX-00023 did not achieve a statistically significant improvement over placebo for the primary
endpoint with respect to generalized anxiety disorder. Based on these results, we have
discontinued our development efforts of PRX-00023 in anxiety. We have limited experience in
conducting and managing the clinical trials necessary to obtain regulatory approvals for our
product candidates, including filing and prosecuting the applications necessary to gain approval by
the FDA. Our NDA for Vasovist has not been, and may never be, approved by the FDA and we have not
submitted an NDA to the FDA for any of our other product candidates. This limited experience may
result in longer regulatory processes in connection with our efforts to obtain approval of our
product candidates. With respect to both our current product candidates in human clinical trials
and our research product candidates which may be suitable for testing in human clinical trials at
some point in the future, we face risks including that:
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the product candidate may not prove to be safe and efficacious; |
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the dosage form of the product candidate may not deliver reproducible amounts of
product to patients; |
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patients may die or suffer other adverse effects for reasons that may or may not be
related to the product candidate being tested; |
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the results of later-stage clinical trials may not confirm the positive results of
earlier trials; |
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the results may not meet the level of statistical significance required by the FDA or
other regulatory agencies for approval; and |
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the FDA or other regulatory agencies may require additional or expanded trials. |
26
Of the large number of product candidates in development, only a small percentage result in
the submission of an NDA to the FDA and even fewer are approved for commercialization. For
example, we have received two approvable letters from the FDA and have had three meetings with the
FDA to discuss the path forward for Vasovist in the United States and we have filed a formal appeal
of the FDAs decision not to approve Vasovist without data from additional clinical trials. In
August 2006, the FDA denied our appeal and suggested that that the safest path forward would be to
conduct two new clinical trials for Vasovist. We are currently evaluating several options with
respect to next steps for Vasovist, including the
option to appeal the FDAs decision. We cannot predict whether the entire appeals process or
additional trials would be completed timely or successfully. If we fail to demonstrate the safety
and efficacy of our product candidates, we will not be able to obtain the required regulatory
approvals to commercialize these product candidates. The results from pre-clinical testing of a
product candidate that is under development may not be predictive of results that will be obtained
in human clinical trials. In addition, the results of early human clinical trials may not be
predictive of results that will be obtained in larger scale, advanced-stage clinical trials. Our
current product candidates and any other product candidates we may seek to develop in the future
may never complete the clinical testing necessary to obtain the appropriate regulatory approvals
for us to begin selling them.
If clinical trials for our product candidates are prolonged or delayed, we may be unable to
commercialize our product candidates on a timely basis, which would require us to incur additional
costs and delay our receipt of any revenue from potential product sales.
We may encounter problems with our completed, ongoing or planned clinical trials for our
product candidates that will cause us or any regulatory authority to delay or suspend those
clinical trials or delay the analysis of data derived from them. A number of events, including any
of the following, could delay the completion of our ongoing and planned clinical trials for our
product candidates and negatively impact our ability to obtain regulatory approval for, and to
enter into collaborations, market and/or sell, a particular product
candidate, including our current
clinical-stage product candidates:
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conditions imposed on us by the FDA or any foreign regulatory authority regarding the
scope or design of our clinical trials; |
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delays in obtaining, or our inability to obtain, required approvals from
institutional review boards or other reviewing entities at clinical sites selected for
participation in our clinical trials; |
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delay in developing a clinical dosage form, insufficient supply or deficient quality
of our product candidates or other materials necessary to conduct our clinical trials; |
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negative or inconclusive results from clinical trials, or results that are
inconsistent with earlier results, that necessitate additional clinical study; |
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serious and/or unexpected product-related side effects experienced by subjects in
clinical trials; or |
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failure of our third-party contractors or our investigators to comply with regulatory
requirements or otherwise meet their contractual obligations to us in a timely manner. |
Regulatory authorities, clinical investigators, institutional review boards, data safety
monitoring boards and the hospitals at which our clinical trials are conducted all have the power
to stop our clinical trials prior to completion. In addition, the number and complexity of
clinical trials needed to achieve regulatory approval for our therapeutic drug candidates,
including but not limited to PRX-00023, our product candidate for the treatment of depression, and
PRX-03140, our product candidate for the treatment of Alzheimers disease, could be significant.
Achieving primary efficacy endpoints in depression and anxiety trials is difficult due to the
significant placebo effect commonly observed in trials in these patient populations. For example,
results from our recently completed Phase 3 clinical trial of PRX-00023 demonstrated that the
product candidate did not achieve a statistically significant improvement over placebo for the
primary endpoint with respect to generalized anxiety disorder. Based on these results, we have
discontinued our development efforts with respect to PRX-00023 in anxiety and expect to focus our
efforts with respect to PRX-00023 in depression. In addition, we must also submit the results of a
two-year carcinogenicity study of PRX-00023 prior to its approval. We have not yet initiated this
study and intend to conduct this study prior to submitting an NDA to the FDA. If the clinical
development of PRX-00023 is delayed as a result of these matters, additional requirements set forth
by the FDA, including requirements related to confirming the correct dose for PRX-00023, or
otherwise, the time and cost of the development of PRX-00023 could increase significantly.
27
Our clinical trials for our product candidates may not begin as planned, may need to be
restructured,
and may not be completed on schedule, if at all. For example, in September 2001, after
discussions with the FDA, we expanded our initial target indication for Vasovist from one specific
body region, the aortoiliac region, to a broader indication that included the entire bodys
vascular system, except for the heart. This expansion required us to add two new clinical trials
to our then existing Phase 3 clinical trial program. This change to the Phase 3 clinical trial
program and the associated delay in the startup of new clinical centers resulted in an approximate
15-month delay in our NDA submission and an increase in costs associated with the program. In
addition, because Schering AG decided not to exercise its option to exclusively license EP-2104R,
which recently completed a Phase 2a clinical trial, we intend to pursue a collaboration for the
continued development of EP-2104R with other potential partners. If we are unable to find a new
collaborative partner, we will discontinue further clinical development of EP-2104R. Delays in
clinical trials may result in increased development costs for our product candidates. In addition,
if our clinical trials for our product candidates are delayed, our competitors may be able to bring
product candidates to market before we do and the commercial viability of our product candidates
could be significantly reduced.
If we encounter difficulties enrolling subjects in our clinical trials for our product candidates,
or subjects drop out of trials in progress for our product candidates, our trials could be delayed
or otherwise adversely affected.
The timing of completion of clinical trials is dependent in part upon the rate of enrollment
of patients. Patient accrual is a function of many factors, including the size of the patient
population, the proximity of patients to clinical sites, the eligibility criteria for the trial,
the existence of competitive clinical trials, and the availability of alternative treatments.
Delays in planned patient enrollment may result in increased costs and prolonged clinical
development. In addition, patients may withdraw from a clinical trial for a variety of reasons.
If we fail to accrue and maintain the number of patients into one of our clinical trials for which
the clinical trial was designed, the statistical power of that clinical trial may be reduced which
would make it harder to demonstrate that the product candidates being tested in such clinical trial
are safe and effective. We may not be able to enroll a sufficient number of qualified patients in
a timely or cost-effective manner. For example, we experienced difficulty in enrolling healthy
elderly volunteers in our Phase 1 clinical trial for PRX-03140. Any future delays in patient
enrollment could result in increased costs and longer development times. Enrollment of patients in
our clinical trials for our product candidates is affected by many factors, including:
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the limited size of the patient population and the availability of commercial
products for certain target indications, including pulmonary arterial hypertension and
pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; |
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the nature and design of the trial protocol; |
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the proximity of patients to clinical sites; |
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the availability of other effective treatments for the relevant disease (whether
approved or experimental); |
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the eligibility criteria for enrollment in our clinical trials; |
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perceived risks and benefits of the product candidate under study; and |
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competing studies or trials. |
In addition, the FDA could require us to conduct clinical trials with a larger number of
subjects than we have projected for any of our product candidates. If we have difficulty enrolling
or retaining a sufficient number of patients to participate and complete our clinical trials for
our product candidates as planned, we may need to delay or terminate ongoing or planned clinical
trials. Delays in enrolling patients in these clinical trials or the withdrawal of subjects
enrolled in these clinical trials would adversely affect our ability to develop and seek approval
for our product candidates, could delay or eliminate our ability to generate product candidates and
revenue and could impose significant additional costs on us.
28
Our therapeutic product candidates are currently unformulated.
All of our therapeutic product candidates, including PRX-08066, PRX-00023, PRX-03140 and
PRX-07034, are currently unformulated. The lack of an optimized and commercially-viable
formulation during clinical trials may have a significant impact in the overall development and
commercialization of these therapeutic product candidates, including:
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the current dosage may not provide reproducible amounts of product; |
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the pharmaceutical development of a commercially viable formulation may add
significant cost and time to our clinical development programs for therapeutics; |
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additional trials may be required if the new formulation is not bioequivalent to
formulations already used in clinical trials; |
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future clinical trials may be delayed in order to identify, develop, optimize,
manufacture and certify a commercially viable formulation; and |
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regulatory filings, and/or commercial launch may be delayed due to the lack of a
commercial process for cGMP manufacturing of the new formulation. |
The occurrence of any of the foregoing could materially harm our business.
Failure to comply with foreign regulatory requirements governing human clinical trials and
marketing approval for our product candidates could prevent us from selling our product candidates
in foreign markets, which may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
The requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and
reimbursement for marketing our product candidates outside the United States vary greatly from
country to country and may require additional testing. Although the use of Vasovist has been
approved in the European Union, as well as Canada, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Australia, we
have no experience in obtaining foreign regulatory approvals for our other product candidates. The
time required to obtain approvals outside the United States may differ from that required to obtain
FDA approval. We may not obtain foreign regulatory approvals on a timely basis, if at all. Approval
by the FDA does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries, and approval by
one foreign regulatory authority does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other
countries or by the FDA. Failure to comply with these regulatory requirements or obtain required
approvals could impair our ability to develop foreign markets for our product candidates.
Our product candidates will remain subject to ongoing regulatory requirements even if they receive
marketing approval, and if we fail to comply with requirements, we could lose these approvals and
the sale of any approved commercial products could be temporarily or permanently suspended.
Even if we receive regulatory approval to market a particular product candidate, the product
will remain subject to extensive regulatory requirements, including requirements relating to
manufacturing, labeling, packaging, adverse event reporting, storage, advertising, promotion and
record keeping. In addition, as clinical experience with a product expands after approval because
it is typically used by a greater number of patients after approval than during clinical trials,
side effects and other problems may be observed after approval that were not seen or anticipated
during pre-approval clinical trials. We are required to maintain pharmacovigilance systems for
collecting and reporting information concerning suspected adverse reactions to our product
candidates. In response to pharmacovigilance reports, regulatory authorities may initiate
proceedings to revise the prescribing information for our product candidates or to suspend or
revoke our marketing authorizations. Procedural safeguards are often limited, and marketing
authorizations can be suspended with little or no advance notice. Both before and after approval
of a product, quality control and manufacturing procedures must conform to cGMP. Regulatory
authorities, including the EMEA and the FDA, periodically inspect manufacturing facilities to
assess compliance with cGMP. Accordingly, we and our contract manufacturers will need to continue
to expend time, funds, and effort in the area of production and quality control to maintain cGMP
compliance. If we fail to comply with the regulatory requirements of the FDA, the EMEA and other
applicable U.S. and foreign regulatory authorities or previously unknown problems with any approved
commercial products, manufacturers or
manufacturing processes are discovered, we could be subject to administrative or judicially
imposed sanctions or other setbacks, including:
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restrictions on the products, manufacturers or manufacturing processes; |
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warning letters; |
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civil or criminal penalties; |
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fines; |
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injunctions; |
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product seizures or detentions; |
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import bans; |
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product recalls and related publicity requirements; |
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unanticipated expenditures; |
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total or partial suspension of production; and |
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refusal to approve pending applications for marketing approval of new products or
supplements to approved applications. |
29
The imposition on us of any of the foregoing could materially harm our results of operations.
In addition to regulations adopted by the EMEA, the FDA, and other foreign regulatory authorities,
we are also subject to regulation under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Toxic
Substances Control Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and other federal, state, and
local regulations.
We are focusing our therapeutic product discovery and development efforts on G-Protein Coupled
Receptor and ion channel-targeted product candidates, which have historically had a high incidence
of adverse side effects.
Despite commercial success, many G-Protein Coupled Receptor, or GPCR, and ion channel-targeted
products have been associated with a high incidence of adverse side effects due in part to poor
selectivity in binding to their target protein, resulting in also binding to other off-target
proteins. We believe we are designing our therapeutic product candidates to be highly selective and
as a result to have a favorable side-effect profile. However, all of our therapeutic product
candidates are in early stages of development, and although our clinical therapeutic product
candidates have to date exhibited acceptable side-effect profiles in clinical trials in a limited
number of subjects, we cannot assure you that these results will be repeated in larger-scale
trials. If serious side effects occur in later-stage clinical trials of our therapeutic product
candidates, we may not receive regulatory approval to commercialize them. Even if any of our
therapeutic product candidates receive regulatory approval, if they do not exhibit a more favorable
side-effect profile than existing therapies, our competitive position could be substantially
diminished.
The application of our in silico therapeutic product discovery technology and approach may be
limited to a subset of therapeutically useful proteins, which may reduce the opportunities to
develop and commercialize product candidates against other important therapeutic targets.
To date, our technology and approach has generated clinical therapeutic product candidates,
including PRX-00023, PRX-03140, PRX-08066 and PRX-07034, which mimic the activity of a small
molecule, serotonin, within a class of GPCR proteins known as serotonergic receptors. The activity
is achieved through binding of the ligand, serotonin, to a particular region of the protein that
spans the cell membrane. These GPCRs and mechanisms of interaction represent a small subset of all
known therapeutically-relevant GPCRs. The application of our in silico technology to other known
therapeutically-relevant GPCR targets based on large molecule ligands and other interactions is
unknown. Ion channels can consist of multiple protein subunits that have complex and subtle
mechanisms of activation and inactivation. Therefore, it may be difficult to apply our proprietary
product discovery technology to small-molecule ion channel targets.
Although we believe that the in silico technology platform can be utilized and developed to
discover such small molecules, we cannot ensure that our in silico technology and approach will
generate clinical candidates for all GPCRs and ion channels that are important targets for
therapeutic intervention.
We expect that our agreement with Amgen Inc. will provide us with a substantial portion of our
future revenues.
We expect that a substantial portion of our future revenues will be generated from our
collaboration agreement with Amgen, Inc. If Amgen were to terminate this agreement, fail to meet
its obligations or otherwise decrease its commitment thereunder, our future revenues could be
materially adversely affected and the development and commercialization of our S1P1 therapeutic
drug candidates would be interrupted. In addition, if we and Amgen do not achieve some or any of
the development and regulatory milestones, or Amgen does not achieve certain net sales thresholds
as set forth in the agreement, we will not fully realize the expected benefits of the agreement.
Further, the achievement of the various milestones under the agreement depend on factors that are
outside of our control and most are not expected for several years, if at all. Our receipt of
revenues under our agreement with Amgen will be directly affected by the level of efforts of Amgen
and we cannot control whether Amgen will devote sufficient resources to development or
commercialization of the technology under the agreement or whether Amgen will elect to pursue the
development or commercialization of alternative products or services. Disagreements with Amgen
could delay or terminate the continued development and commercialization of the licensed products
by Amgen or result in litigation, any of which could have a material adverse affect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations overall. If our agreement with Amgen is
terminated prior to expiration, we would be required to enter into other strategic relationships or
find alternative ways of continuing our S1P1 program. We cannot assure you that we would be able to
enter into a similar agreement with another company with sufficient product development
capabilities to commercialize this technology, and its failure to do so could materially and
adversely affect our ability to generate revenues.
30
We depend on our strategic collaborators for support in product development and the regulatory
approval process for our product candidates and, if approved, product marketing.
Our product development programs and potential regulatory approval and commercialization of
our product candidates will require substantial additional cash to fund expenses. Our strategy
includes collaborating with a leading pharmaceutical, biotechnology or other companies to assist us
in further developing and potentially commercializing our product candidates requiring large
commercial sales and marketing infrastructures. We may also seek to enter into such collaborations
for our other product candidates, especially for target indications in which the potential
collaborator has particular expertise or that involve a large, primary care market that must be
served by large sales and marketing organizations. We face significant competition in seeking
appropriate collaborators and these collaborations are complex and time-consuming to negotiate and
document. We may not be able to enter into any such collaboration on terms that are acceptable to
us, or at all. If that were to occur, we may have to curtail the development of a particular
product candidate, reduce or delay one or more of our development programs or potential
commercialization, or increase our expenditures and undertake development or commercialization
activities at our own expense. If we elect to increase our expenditures to fund development,
potential regulatory approval or commercialization activities on our own, we will need to obtain
additional capital, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we do not
obtain sufficient funds, we will not be able to complete clinical development of our product
candidates or bring our product candidates to market. For instance, in May 2006, we concluded a
research collaboration with Schering AG for the development of certain potential imaging product
candidates. We are in discussions, and expect to continue discussions, with Schering AG regarding the
disposition of the research products under this research collaboration. While the research
agreement is separate from our agreement with Schering AG relating to Vasovist, we cannot predict how
the disposition or winding down of the individual research programs will occur, or whether we will
be able to take forward any of these research programs ourselves or find alternative partners for
these programs. In addition, on July 12, 2006, Schering AG notified us that it decided not to
exercise its option to exclusively license EP-2104R. As a result, we intend to pursue a
collaboration for the continued development of EP-2104R with new potential partners, who may
negotiate provisions that allow them to terminate their agreements with us prior to the expiration
of the negotiated term under certain
circumstances.
In addition, we depend, and expect to continue to depend, on strategic collaborators for
support in a variety of other activities including manufacturing, marketing and distribution of our
product candidates in the United States and abroad, when, and if, the FDA and corresponding foreign
agencies approve our product candidates for marketing. Further, our receipt of revenues from
strategic alliances is affected by the level of efforts of our collaborators. Our collaborators may
not devote the resources necessary to complete development and commence marketing of a product
candidate in their respective territories, or they may not successfully market product candidates.
We are substantially dependent upon Schering AG to commercialize Vasovist, our lead imaging product
candidate, in the United States and Europe, and Tyco/Mallinckrodt to manufacture Vasovist.
Schering and Tyco/Mallinckrodt currently manufacture imaging agents for other technologies that
will compete against Vasovist, and Schering AG will be responsible for setting the price of the
product candidate worldwide. Accordingly, Schering AG may not set prices in a manner that maximizes
revenues for us. In addition, Bayer AG recently extended an offer to acquire all of the
outstanding shares of Schering AG. If the strategy of Bayer AG and Schering AG after the acquisition
differs from that of Schering AGs current strategy with respect to the marketing of Vasovist, our
expectations regarding the marketing of Vasovist could be negatively impacted which could have a
material adverse effect on our imaging business. If Schering AG or any other third-party collaborator
were to terminate its agreements with us or any third-party collaborator otherwise fails to perform
its obligations under our collaboration or to complete them in a timely manner, we could lose
significant revenue.
Our competitors may develop products that are less expensive, safer or more effective, which may
diminish or eliminate the commercial success of any future products that we may commercialize.
Competition in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries is intense and expected to
increase. We face competition from pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, as well as numerous
academic and research institutions and governmental agencies engaged in product discovery
activities or funding, both in the United States and abroad. Some of these competitors have
therapeutic products or are pursuing the development of therapeutic product candidates that target
the same diseases and conditions that are the focus of our clinical-stage therapeutic product
candidates, including the following:
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PRX-00023. If approved, PRX-00023, the product candidate we are developing for the
treatment of depression, will compete with approved products from such pharmaceutical
companies as Forest Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer and Wyeth, and may compete
with several therapeutic product candidates in clinical development from other
companies, including Eli Lilly and MediciNova. We believe that there are over 45
therapeutic product candidates in clinical trials or that have been submitted for
approval for the treatment of depression. |
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PRX-03140. If approved, PRX-03140, the product candidate we are developing for the
treatment of Alzheimers disease, will compete with approved products from such
pharmaceutical companies as Forest Laboratories, Johnson & Johnson, Novartis and Pfizer,
and may compete with several therapeutic product candidates in clinical development from
other companies, including Myriad Genetics and Neurochem. We believe that there are over
50 therapeutic product candidates in clinical trials for the treatment of Alzheimers
disease. |
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PRX-08066. If approved, PRX-08066, the product candidate we are developing for the
treatment of pulmonary hypertension, will compete with approved products from such
pharmaceutical companies as Actelion, CoTherix, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer and United
Therapeutics, and may compete with several therapeutic product candidates in clinical
development by other companies such as Encysive Pharmaceuticals and Myogen. We believe
that there are approximately ten therapeutic product candidates in clinical trials or
that have been submitted for approval for the treatment of pulmonary arterial
hypertension and/or pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. |
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PRX-07034. If approved for the treatment of obesity, PRX-07034 will compete with
approved products from such pharmaceutical companies as Abbott Laboratories and Roche,
and may compete with several therapeutic product candidates in clinical development by
other companies,
such as Sanofi-Aventis and Arena Pharmaceuticals. We believe that
there are over 30
therapeutic product candidates in clinical trials for the treatment of obesity. If approved
for the treatment of cognitive impairment (associated with Alzheimers disease or
schizophrenia), PRX-07034 will compete with approved products from such pharmaceutical
companies as Forest Laboratories, Johnson & Johnson, Novartis and Pfizer, and may compete
with several therapeutic product candidates in clinical development from other companies,
including GlaxoSmithKline and Saegis Pharmaceuticals. We believe that
there are over 50
therapeutic product candidates in clinical trials for the treatment of cognitive impairment
associated with Alzheimers disease or schizophrenia. |
31
Many patents covering commercial therapeutic products for these indications will expire within
the next four to nine years, which will result in greater competition in these indications
resulting from companies producing generic versions of the commercial products. Many of our
competitors have therapeutic products that have been approved or are in advanced development and
may develop superior technologies or methods to identify and validate therapeutic product targets
and to discover novel small-molecule products. Our competitors may also develop alternative
therapies that could further limit the market for any therapeutic products that we may develop.
In addition, there are a number of general use MRI agents approved for marketing in the United
States, and in certain foreign markets that, if used or developed for magnetic resonance
angiography, are likely to compete with Vasovist. Such products include Magnevist and Gadovist by
Schering AG, Dotarem by Guerbet, S.A., Omniscan by GE Healthcare, ProHance and MultiHance by Bracco
and OptiMARK by Tyco/Mallinckrodt. We are aware of five agents under clinical development that
have been or are being evaluated for use in magnetic resonance
angiography: Schering AGs Gadomer and
SHU555C, Guerbets Vistarem, Braccos B-22956/1, Ferropharms Code VSOP-C184, and Advanced
Magnetics Ferumoxytol. Moreover, there are several well-established medical imaging methods that
currently compete and will continue to compete with MRI, including digital subtraction angiography,
which is an improved form of X-ray angiography, computed tomography angiography, nuclear medicine
and ultrasound, and there are companies that are actively developing the capabilities of these
competing methods to enhance their effectiveness in vascular system imaging.
We cannot assure you that our competitors will not succeed in the future in developing
therapeutic or imaging products that are more effective than any that we are developing. We believe
that our ability to compete in developing commercial products depends on a number of factors,
including the success and timeliness with which we complete FDA trials, the breadth of
applications, if any, for which our product candidates receive approval, and the effectiveness,
cost, safety and ease of use of our product candidates in comparison to the products of our
competitors. In addition, these companies may be more successful than we are in developing,
manufacturing and marketing their imaging products. In addition, many of our competitors and their
collaborators have substantially greater capital, research and development resources,
manufacturing, sales and marketing experience and capabilities. Smaller companies also may prove to
be significant competitors, particularly through proprietary research discoveries and collaboration
arrangements with large pharmaceutical and established biotechnology companies. Our competitors,
either alone or with their collaborators, may succeed in developing products that are more
effective, safer, more affordable or more easily administered than our product candidates and may
achieve patent protection or commercialize product candidates sooner than us. Any inability to
compete successfully on our part will have a materially adverse impact on our business and
operating results.
If the market does not accept our technology and product candidates, we may not generate sufficient
revenues to achieve or maintain profitability.
The commercial success of our product candidates, even if approved for marketing by the FDA
and corresponding foreign agencies, depends on their acceptance by the medical community and
third-party payors as clinically useful, cost-effective and safe. Market acceptance, and thus sales
of our products, will depend on several factors, including:
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safety; |
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cost-effectiveness relative to alternative therapies, methods or products; |
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availability of third-party reimbursement; |
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ease of administration; |
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clinical efficacy; and |
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availability of competitive products. |
If any of our product candidates, when and if commercialized, do not achieve market
acceptance, we may not generate sufficient revenues to achieve or maintain profitability.
32
In addition, market acceptance of our imaging product candidates will also depend on our
ability and that of our strategic partners to educate the medical community and third-party payors
about the benefits of diagnostic imaging with Vasovist-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography
compared to imaging with other technologies. While contrast agents are currently used in an
estimated 25% to 35% of all MRI exams, there are no MRI agents approved by the FDA for vascular
imaging. Furthermore, clinical use of magnetic resonance angiography has been limited and use of
magnetic resonance angiography for some vascular disease imaging has occurred mainly in research
and academic centers. Vasovist represents a new approach to imaging the non-coronary vascular
system, and market acceptance both of magnetic resonance angiography as an appropriate imaging
technique for the non-coronary vascular system, and of Vasovist, is critical to our success.
We may not be able to keep up with the rapid technological change in the biotechnology and
pharmaceutical industries, which could make any of our future approved therapeutic products
obsolete and reduce our revenue.
Biotechnology and related pharmaceutical technologies have undergone and continue to be
subject to rapid and significant change. Our future will depend in large part on our ability to
maintain a competitive position with respect to these technologies. We believe that our proprietary
therapeutic product discovery technology and approach enables structure-based discovery and
optimization of certain GPCR and ion channel-targeted drug candidates. However, our competitors may
render our technologies obsolete by advances in existing GPCR and ion channel-targeted drug
discovery approaches or the development of new or different approaches. In addition, any future
therapeutic products that we develop, including our clinical-stage therapeutic product candidates,
PRX-08066, PRX-00023, PRX-03140 and PRX-07034, may become obsolete before we recover expenses
incurred in developing those therapeutic product candidates, which may require that us to raise additional
funds to continue our operations.
We are currently focusing our imaging development efforts primarily on Vasovist and will have
limited prospects for successful imaging operations if it does not prove successful.
Since the merger with Predix, we are focusing our imaging development efforts on our lead
imaging product candidate, Vasovist. Accordingly, we have decided to cease work on our research
projects related to imaging and are seeking a partner to continue development of EP-2104R. We are
no longer allocating resources to any imaging research or clinical programs other than the efforts
required to continue to pursue FDA approval of Vasovist. Our efforts may not lead to commercially
successful imaging products for a number of reasons, including the inability to be proven safe and
effective in clinical trials, the lack of regulatory approvals or obtaining regulatory approvals
that are narrower than we seek, inadequate financial resources to complete the development and
commercialization of our imaging product candidates or their lack of acceptance in the marketplace.
Our product candidates require significant biological testing, pre-clinical testing, manufacturing
and pharmaceutical development expertise and investment. We rely primarily on external partners to
complete these activities.
We have limited in-house biological and pre-clinical testing capabilities. Therefore, we rely
heavily on third parties to perform in vitro potency, in vivo functional efficacy, animal
toxicology and
pharmacokinetics testing prior to advancing our product candidates into clinical trials. We
also do not have internal expertise to formulate our therapeutic product candidates. In addition,
we do not have, nor do we currently have plans to develop, full-scale manufacturing capability for
any of our products candidates, including Vasovist. We currently rely solely on Johnson Matthey
Pharma Services for our therapeutic product substance manufacturing and testing, and solely on
Aptuit, Inc. for our therapeutic product manufacturing and testing. Although we believe that we
could replace these suppliers on commercially reasonable terms, if any of these third parties fail
to fulfill their obligations to us or do not successfully compete the testing in a timely or
acceptable manner, our therapeutic product development efforts could be negatively impacted and/or
delayed. We rely on, and we intend to continue to rely on, Tyco/Mallinckrodt as the primary
manufacturer of Vasovist for any future human clinical trials and commercial use. Together with
Schering AG, we are considering alternative manufacturing arrangements for Vasovist for commercial
use, including the transfer of manufacturing to Schering AG. In the event that Tyco/Mallinckrodt
fails to fulfill its manufacturing responsibilities satisfactorily,
Schering AG has the right to
purchase Vasovist from a third party or to manufacture the compound itself. However, either course
of action could materially delay the manufacture and development of
Vasovist. Schering AG may not be
able to find an alternative manufacturer. In addition, Schering AG may not be able to manufacture
Vasovist itself in a timely manner or in sufficient quantities. If we experience a delay in
manufacturing of Vasovist or any of our product candidates, it could result in a delay in their
clinical testing, approval or commercialization and have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Operational Risks
We have never generated positive cash flow, and if we fail to generate revenue, it will have a
material adverse effect on our business.
To date, we have received revenues from payments made under licensing, royalty arrangements
and product development and marketing agreements with strategic collaborators. In particular, our
revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was $4.4 million and consisted of $2.4 million
of product development revenue from Schering AG and CFFT, $1.3 million of royalty revenue related to
the Bracco and Schering AG agreements, and $0.7 million of license fee revenue related to the
Schering AG, Amgen, Tyco/Mallinckrodt and CFFT strategic collaborations and Bracco agreements. In
addition to these sources of revenue, we have financed our operations to date through public stock
and debt offerings, private sales of equity securities and equipment lease financings.
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Although we believe that we are currently in compliance with the terms of our collaboration
and licensing agreements, the revenues derived from them are subject to fluctuation in timing and
amount. We may not receive anticipated revenue under our existing collaboration or licensing
agreements, these agreements may be subject to disputes and, additionally, these agreements may be
terminated upon certain circumstances. Therefore, to achieve profitable and sustainable operations,
we, alone or with others, must successfully develop, obtain regulatory approval for, introduce,
market and sell products. We may not receive revenue from the sale of any of our product candidates
for the next several years because we, and our partners, may not:
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successfully complete our product development efforts; |
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obtain required regulatory approvals in a timely manner, if at all; |
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manufacture our product candidates at an acceptable cost and with acceptable quality; or |
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successfully market any approved products. |
As a result, we may never generate revenues from sales of our product candidates and our
failure to generate positive cash flow could cause our business to fail.
We may need to raise additional funds necessary to fund our operations, and if we do not do so, we
may not be able to implement our business plan.
Since inception, we have funded our operations primarily through our public offerings of
common stock, private sales of equity securities, debt financing, equipment lease financings,
product development revenue, and royalty and license payments from our strategic partners. Although
we believe that we have adequate funding to fund our operations through 2007, we may need to raise
substantial additional funds for research, development and other expenses through equity or debt
financings, strategic alliances or otherwise. Our future liquidity and capital requirements will
depend upon numerous factors, including the following:
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the progress and scope of clinical trials; |
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the timing and costs of filing future regulatory submissions; |
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the timing and costs required to receive both U.S. and foreign governmental approvals; |
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the cost of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing patent claims and other
intellectual property rights; |
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the extent to which our product candidates gain market acceptance; |
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the timing and costs of product introductions; |
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the extent of our ongoing and any new research and development programs; |
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the costs of training physicians to become proficient with the use of our product candidates; and |
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the costs of developing marketing and distribution capabilities. |
Based on our current plans, expense rates, targeted timelines and our view regarding
acceptance of Vasovist in the marketplace, we estimate that cash, cash equivalents and marketable
securities on hand as of September 30, 2006 will fund our operations through March 31, 2008. If,
however, we consider other opportunities, change our planned activities or are required to pay the
remaining $15.0 portion of the milestone payment in connection with the Predix merger to Predix
security holders in cash, we will require additional funding before currently expected.
If we are unable to attract and retain key management and other personnel, it would hurt our
ability to compete.
Our future business and operating results depend in significant part upon our ability to
attract and retain qualified directors, senior management and key technical personnel. Michael G.
Kauffman, M.D., Ph.D., Andrew C.G. Uprichard, M.D. and Kimberlee C. Drapkin, C.P.A., our Chief
Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer, respectively, are expected to play key
roles moving forward. There can be no assurance that we will be able to retain Dr. Kauffman, Dr.
Uprichard, Ms. Drapkin or any of our other key management and scientific personnel. For example,
effective October 23, 2006, Silvia Noiman, our Senior Vice President of Pipeline Management and
General Manager Israel, resigned, and Oren Becker, our Chief Scientific Officer, has been appointed
to oversee Israeli operations until such time as we can identify a successor. Our inability to
attract and retain qualified individuals to these positions and others, the loss of any of our key
management and other personnel, or their failure to perform their current positions could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and our
ability to achieve our business objectives or to operate or compete in our industry may be
seriously impaired. Competition for personnel is intense and we may not be successful in attracting
or retaining such personnel. If we were to lose these employees to our competition, we could spend
a significant amount of time and resources to replace them, which would impair our research and
development or commercialization efforts.
Gadolinium-based imaging agents, such as Vasovist and EP-2104R, may cause adverse side effects
which could limit our ability to receive approval for these product candidates and our ability to
effectively market these product candidates, if approved.
Vasovist and EP-2104R, both MRI contrast drugs, contain gadolinium. In May 2006, the Danish
Medicines Agency announced that it was investigating a possible link between the use of Omniscan,
an imaging agent containing gadolinium, and the development of a very rare skin disease in 25
patients with
severely impaired renal function who had been administered the imaging agent. Although the
Danish Medicines Agency stated that a causal relationship between Omniscan and the skin changes had
not been documented, they are conducting further investigations with respect to all MRI contrast
media containing gadolinium. Although we have reviewed our safety databases for Vasovist and
EP-2104R and have found no instances of this rare skin disease, our databases may be too small to
show such an effect, if it exists. In the event gadolinium-based imaging agents such as Vasovist
and EP-2104R are linked to this very rare skin disease or other unanticipated side effects, such
safety concerns could have a material adverse effect on our ability to obtain marketing approval
for Vasovist and/or EP-2104R or any such approval for use may be revoked. Any safety concerns could
also materially harm our and our partners ability to successfully market Vasovist and/or EP-2104R.
34
Our research and development efforts may not result in product candidates appropriate for testing
in human clinical trials.
We have historically spent significant resources on research and development and pre-clinical
studies of product candidates. However, these efforts may not result in the development of product
candidates appropriate for testing in human clinical trials. For example, our research may result
in product candidates that are not expected to be effective in treating diseases or may reveal
safety concerns with respect to product candidates. In connection with our recent restructuring, we
postponed or terminated several research and development programs, and we may postpone or terminate
research and development of a product candidate or a program at any time for any reason such as the
safety or effectiveness of the potential product, allocation of resources or unavailability of
qualified research and development personnel. The failure to generate high-quality research and
development candidates would negatively impact our ability to advance product candidates into human
clinical testing and ultimately, negatively impact our ability to market and sell products.
We rely on third parties to conduct our clinical trials, and those third-parties may not perform
satisfactorily, including failing to meet established deadlines for the completion of such trials.
We do not have the ability to independently conduct clinical trials for our product
candidates, and we rely on third parties such as contract research organizations, medical
institutions and clinical investigators to enroll qualified patients and conduct our clinical
trials. Our reliance on these third parties for clinical development activities reduces our control
over these activities. Accordingly, these third-party contractors may not complete activities on
schedule, or may not conduct our clinical trials in accordance with regulatory requirements or our
trial design. To date, we believe our contract research organizations and other similar entities
with which we are working have performed well. However, if these third parties do not successfully
carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may be required to replace them.
Although we believe that there are other third-party contractors we could engage to continue these
activities, it may result in a delay of the affected trial. Accordingly, our efforts to obtain
regulatory approvals for and commercialize our product candidates may be delayed.
If we fail to get adequate levels of reimbursement from third-party payors for our product
candidates after they are approved in the United States and abroad, we may have difficulty
commercializing our product candidates.
We believe that reimbursement in the future will be subject to increased restrictions, both in
the United States and in foreign markets. We believe that the overall escalating cost of medical
products and services has led to, and will continue to lead to, increased pressures on the health
care industry, both foreign and domestic, to reduce the cost of products and services, including
products offered by us. These third-party payors are increasingly attempting to contain healthcare
costs by demanding price discounts or rebates and limiting both coverage on which drugs they will
pay for and the amounts that they will pay for new products. As a result, they may not cover or
provide adequate payment for our products. We might need to conduct post-marketing studies in order
to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of any future products to such payors satisfaction. Such
studies might require us to commit a significant amount of management time and financial and other
resources. Our future products might not ultimately be considered cost-effective. There can be no
assurance, in either the United States or foreign markets, that third-party reimbursement will be
available or adequate, that current reimbursement amounts will not be decreased in the future
or that future legislation, regulation, or reimbursement policies of third-party payors will not
otherwise adversely affect the demand for our product candidates or our ability to sell our product
candidates on a profitable basis. The unavailability or inadequacy of third-party payor coverage or
reimbursement could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations.
35
Failure by physicians, hospitals and other users of our product candidate to obtain sufficient
reimbursement from third-party payors for the procedures in which our product candidate would be
used or adverse changes in governmental and private third-party payors policies toward
reimbursement for such procedures may have a material adverse effect on our ability to market our
product candidate and, consequently, it could have an adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations. If we obtain the necessary foreign regulatory approvals,
market acceptance of our product candidates in international markets would be dependent, in part,
upon the availability of reimbursement within prevailing healthcare payment systems. Reimbursement
and healthcare payment systems in international markets vary significantly by country, and include
both government sponsored health care and private insurance. We and our strategic partners intend
to seek international reimbursement approvals, although we cannot assure you that any such
approvals will be obtained in a timely manner, if at all, and failure to receive international
reimbursement approvals could have an adverse effect on market acceptance of our product candidate
in the international markets in which such approvals are sought.
We could be adversely affected by changes in reimbursement policies of governmental or private
healthcare payors, particularly to the extent any such changes affect reimbursement for procedures
in which our product candidates would be used. U.S. and foreign governments continue to propose and
pass legislation designed to reduce the cost of healthcare. For example, in some foreign markets,
the government controls the pricing of prescription pharmaceuticals. In the United States, we
expect that there will continue to be federal and state proposals to implement similar governmental
controls. In addition, recent changes in the Medicare program and increasing emphasis on managed
care in the United States will continue to put pressure on pharmaceutical product pricing. Cost
control initiatives could decrease the price that we would receive for any products in the future,
which would limit our revenue and profitability. Accordingly, legislation and regulations affecting
the pricing of pharmaceuticals might change before our product candidates are approved for
marketing. Adoption of such legislation could further limit reimbursement for pharmaceuticals.
We deal with hazardous materials and must comply with environmental laws and regulations, which can
be expensive and restrict how we do business.
The nature of our research and development processes requires the use of hazardous substances
and testing on certain laboratory animals. Accordingly, we are subject to extensive federal, state
and local laws, rules, regulations and policies governing the use, generation, manufacture,
storage, air emission, effluent discharge, handling and disposal of certain materials and wastes as
well as the use of and care for laboratory animals. Although we are not currently, nor have we
been, the subject of any investigations by a regulatory authority, we cannot assure you that we
will not become the subject of any such investigation. Although we believe that our safety
procedures for handling and disposing of these materials comply with the standards prescribed by
these laws and regulations, we cannot eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or injury from
these materials.
In the event of an accident, state or federal authorities may curtail our use of these
materials and interrupt our business operations. In addition, we could be liable for any civil
damages that result, which may exceed our financial resources and may seriously harm our business.
Due to the small amount of hazardous materials that we generate, we have determined that the cost
to secure insurance coverage for environmental liability and toxic tort claims far exceeds the
benefits. Accordingly, we do not maintain any insurance to cover pollution conditions or other
extraordinary or unanticipated events relating to our use and disposal of hazardous materials.
Additionally, an accident could damage, or force us to shut down, our operations. In addition, if
we develop a manufacturing capacity, we may incur substantial costs to comply with environmental
regulations and would be subject to the risk of accidental contamination or injury from the use of
hazardous materials in our manufacturing process. Furthermore, current laws could change and
new laws could be passed that may force us to change our policies and procedures, an event
which could impose significant costs on us.
Product liability claims could increase our costs and adversely affect our results of operations.
The clinical testing of our products and the manufacturing and marketing of any approved
products may expose us to product liability claims and we may experience material product liability
losses in the future. We currently have limited product liability insurance for the use of our
approved products and product candidates in clinical research, which is capped at $10.0 million,
but our coverage may not continue to be available on terms acceptable to us or adequate for
liabilities we actually incur. We do not have product liability insurance coverage for the
commercial sale of our product candidates, but intend to obtain such coverage when and if we
commercialize our product candidates. However, we may not be able to obtain adequate additional
product liability insurance coverage on acceptable terms, if at all. A successful claim brought
against us in excess of available insurance coverage, or any claim or product recall that results
in significant adverse publicity against us, may have a material adverse effect on our business and
results of operations.
36
Political and military instability and other factors may adversely affect our operations in Israel.
We have significant operations in Israel and regional instability, military conditions,
terrorist attacks, security concerns and other factors in Israel may directly affect these
operations. Our employees in Israel are primarily computational chemists and are responsible for
the computational chemistry for all of our therapeutic discovery stage programs. Accordingly, any
disruption in our Israeli operations could adversely affect our ability to advance our therapeutic
discovery stage programs into clinical trials. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in
1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its Arab neighbors. A state
of hostility, varying in degree and intensity, has led to security and economic problems for
Israel, and in particular since 2000, there has been an increased level of violence between Israel
and the Palestinians. Any armed conflicts or political instability in the region could harm our
operations in Israel. In addition, many of our employees in Israel are obligated to perform annual
military reserve duty, and, in the event of a war, military or other conflict, our employees could
be required to serve in the military for extended periods of time. Our operations could be
disrupted by the absence for a significant period of time of one or more of our key employees or a
significant number of our other employees due to military service. Furthermore, several countries
restrict business with Israel and Israeli companies, and these restrictive laws and policies could
harm our business.
We depend on exclusively licensed technology from Ramot at Tel Aviv University Ltd. and the
Massachusetts General Hospital and, if we lose either of these licenses, it is unlikely we could
obtain such technology
elsewhere, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our proprietary drug discovery technology and approach is in part embodied in technology that
we license from Ramot at Tel Aviv University Ltd., the technology transfer company of Tel Aviv
University. All of our current clinical-stage therapeutic drug candidates, PRX-00023, PRX-03140,
PRX-08066 and PRX-07034, were, at least in part, identified, characterized or developed using the
licensed technology. We are required to make various payments to Ramot, as and when
rights to any such drug candidates are ever sublicensed or any such drug candidates are
commercialized. Because we have an ongoing obligation to pay annual minimum royalties to Ramot
and the license expires upon the expiration of such obligation, the license may not expire.
The license may, however, be terminated upon a breach by us or our bankruptcy. In addition,
two of our employees, Oren Becker, Chief Scientific Officer, and Sharon Shacham, Vice President,
Product Leader, were inventors of the technology that we license from Ramot. We believe that
Ramot shares a portion of any royalty income received with the respective inventors and,
accordingly, these employees receive a portion of the amounts we pay Ramot. In addition, under
the terms of a license agreement that we have with MGH, we are the exclusive licensee to certain
imaging technology, which relates to royalties we receive and to Vasovist. The license agreement
imposes various commercialization, sublicensing, royalty and other obligations on us. The license
agreement expires on a country-by-country basis when the patents covered by the license agreement
expire. For example, the patents covered by this license agreement are currently expected to
expire in November 2006, although the life of these patents may be extended. One of these
patents has been extended through Supplementary Protection Certificates for Primovist through
May 2011 in certain European countries. The license agreement does not contain a renewal
provision. If we fail to comply with our obligations under either of these license agreements,
the respective license could convert from exclusive to nonexclusive, or terminate entirely.
It is unlikely that we would be able to obtain the technology licensed under either of these
agreements elsewhere. Any such event would also mean that, with respect to our MGH license,
we would not receive royalties from Bracco for MultiHance or Schering AG for Primovist and that
we or Schering AG could not sell Vasovist and, with respect to our Ramot license, that we would
not be able to sublicense or commercialize any of our current clinical- stage therapeutic drug
candidate, either of which would have a material adverse effect on our business and our financial
condition and results of operations.
Intellectual Property Risks
We depend on patents and other proprietary rights, and if they fail to protect our business, we may
not be able to compete effectively.
The protection of our proprietary technologies is material to our business prospects. We
pursue patents for our product candidates in the United States and in other countries where we
believe that significant market opportunities exist. We own or have an exclusive license to patents
and patent applications on aspects of our core technology as well as many specific applications of
this technology. These patents relate to MRI signal generation technology, Vasovist, EP-2104R and
our other research projects and include method of use patents. Some of our patents related to
Vasovist will expire in 2006. Other patents related to Vasovist will not expire until 2015.
Protection for Vasovist manufacturing processes in the United States will not expire until 2017.
Patents related to certain methods of using Vasovist will not expire until 2021. A patent related
to EP-2104R will not expire until 2022. If all of our pending patent applications issue with claims
substantially similar to those currently set forth in such applications, further patent protection
for EP-2104R may not expire until 2022. As of October 27, 2006, our patent portfolio
included a total of 17 issued U.S. patents, 113 issued
foreign patents, one allowed U.S. patent
awaiting issuance, and 245 pending patent applications in the U.S. and other
countries with claims covering the composition of matter and methods of use for all of our
clinical-stage product candidates. We also exclusively license technology embodied in patent
applications from Ramot at Tel Aviv University Ltd., the technology transfer company of Tel Aviv
University. Physiome Sciences, Inc., a predecessor of Predix, received U.S. Patent
5,947,899, which covers a computational system and method for modeling the heart. This patent
expires in 2016. Even though we hold numerous patents and have made numerous patent applications,
because the patent positions of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical firms, including our patent
positions, generally include complex legal and factual questions, our patent positions remain
uncertain. For example, because most patent applications are maintained in secrecy for a period
after filing, we cannot be certain that the named applicants or inventors of the subject matter
covered by our patent applications or patents, whether directly owned or licensed to us, were the
first to invent or the first to file patent applications for such inventions. Third parties may
oppose, challenge, infringe upon, circumvent or seek to invalidate existing or future patents owned
by or licensed to us. A court or other agency with jurisdiction may find our patents invalid, not
infringed or unenforceable and we cannot be sure that patents will be granted with respect to any
of our pending patent applications or with respect to any patent applications filed by us in the
future. Even if we have valid patents, these patents still may not provide sufficient protection
against competing products or processes. If we are unable to successfully protect our proprietary
methods and technologies, or if our patent applications do not result in issued patents, we may not
be able to prevent other companies from practicing our technology and, as a result, our competitive
position may be harmed.
We may need to initiate lawsuits to protect or enforce our patents and other intellectual property
rights, which could result in our incurrence of substantial costs and which could result in the
forfeiture of these rights.
We may need to bring costly and time-consuming litigation against third parties in order to
enforce our issued patents, protect our trade secrets and know how, or to determine the
enforceability, scope and validity of proprietary rights of others. In addition to being costly and
time-consuming, such lawsuits could divert managements attention from other business concerns.
These lawsuits could also result in the invalidation or a limitation in the scope of our patents or
forfeiture of the rights associated with our patents
or pending patent applications. We may not prevail and a court may find damages or award other
remedies in favor of an opposing party in any such lawsuits. During the course of these suits,
there may be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions and other interim proceedings
or developments in the litigation. Securities analysts or investors may perceive these
announcements to be negative, which could cause the market price of our stock to decline. In
addition, the cost of such litigation could have a material adverse effect on our business and
financial condition.
37
Other rights and measures that we rely upon to protect our intellectual property may not be
adequate to protect our products and services and could reduce our ability to compete in the
market.
In addition to patents, we rely on a combination of trade secrets, copyright and trademark
laws, non-disclosure agreements and other contractual provisions and technical measures to protect
our intellectual property rights. While we require employees, collaborators, consultants and other
third parties to enter into confidentiality and/or non-disclosure agreements, where appropriate,
any of the following could still occur:
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the agreements may be breached; |
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we may have inadequate remedies for any breach; |
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proprietary information could be disclosed to our competitors; or |
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others may independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and
techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets or disclose such technologies. |
If, as a result of the foregoing or otherwise, our intellectual property is disclosed or
misappropriated, it would harm our ability to protect our rights and our competitive position.
Moreover, several of our management and scientific personnel were formerly associated with other
pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies and academic institutions. In some cases, these
individuals are conducting research in similar areas with which they were involved prior to joining
us. As a result, we, as well as these individuals, could be subject to claims of violation of trade
secrets and similar claims.
Our success will depend partly on our ability to operate without infringing the intellectual
property rights of others, and if we are unable to do so, we may not be able to sell our products.
Our commercial success will depend, to a significant degree, on our ability to operate without
infringing upon the patents of others in the United States and abroad. There may be pending or
issued patents held by parties not affiliated with us relating to technologies we use in the
development or use of certain of our contrast agents. If any judicial or administrative proceeding
upholds these or any third-party patents as valid and enforceable, we could be prevented from
practicing the subject matter claimed in such patents, or would be required to obtain licenses from
the owners of each such patent, or to redesign our product candidates or processes to avoid
infringement. For example, in November 2003, we entered into an intellectual property agreement
with Dr. Martin R. Prince, an early innovator in the field of magnetic resonance angiography,
relating to dynamic magnetic resonance angiography, which involves capturing magnetic resonance
angiography images during the limited time, typically 30 to 60 seconds, available for imaging with
extracellular agents. Under the terms of the intellectual property agreement, Dr. Prince granted us
certain discharges, licenses and releases in connection with the historic and future use of
Vasovist by us and agreed not to sue us for intellectual property infringement related to the use
of Vasovist. In consideration of Dr. Prince entering into the agreement, we agreed to pay him an
upfront fee of $850,000 and royalties on sales of Vasovist consistent with a non-exclusive early
stage academic license and agreed to deliver to him approximately 88,000 shares of our common
stock, with a value of approximately $2.3 million based on the closing price of our common stock on
the date of the agreement. In addition, we agreed to supply Dr. Prince with approximately $140,000
worth of Vasovist annually. This obligation to provide $140,000 of Vasovist annually to Dr. Prince
continues throughout the patent life of Vasovist. If we are unable to obtain a required license on
acceptable terms, or are unable to design around these or any third-party patents, we may be unable
to sell our products, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.
If MRI manufacturers are not able to enhance their hardware and software sufficiently, we will not
be able to complete development of our contrast agent for the evaluation of cardiac indications.
Although MRI hardware and software is sufficient for the evaluation of non-coronary vascular
disease, which is our initial target indication, we believe that the technology is not as advanced
for cardiac applications. Our initial NDA filing for Vasovist is related to non-coronary vascular
disease. Based on feasibility studies we completed in 2001, however, the imaging technology
available for cardiac applications, including coronary angiography and cardiac perfusion imaging,
was not developed to the point where there was clear visualization of the cardiac region due to the
effects of motion from breathing and from the beating of the heart. In 2004, we initiated Phase 2
feasibility trials of Vasovist for cardiac indications using available software and hardware that
can be adapted for coronary and cardiac perfusion data acquisition, and preliminary review of the
data indicates that we have not resolved the technical issues related to this use of Vasovist. We
have collaborated with a number of leading academic institutions and with GE Healthcare, Siemens
Medical Systems and Philips Medical Systems to help optimize cardiac imaging with Vasovist. We do
not know when, or if, these techniques will enable Vasovist to provide clinically relevant images
in cardiac indications. If MRI device manufacturers are not able to enhance their scanners to
perform clinically useful cardiac imaging, we will not be able to complete our development
activities of Vasovist for that application, thereby reducing the potential market for a product in
this area.
38
Risks Related to our Securities
Our stock price is volatile. It is possible that you may lose all or part of your investment.
The market prices of the capital stock of medical technology companies have historically been
very volatile and the market price of the shares of our common stock fluctuates. The market price
of our common stock is affected by numerous factors, including:
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actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results; |
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announcements of technological innovation or new commercial products by us or our
competitors; |
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new collaborations entered into by us or our competitors; |
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developments with respect to proprietary rights, including patent and litigation matters; |
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results of pre-clinical studies and clinical trials; |
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the timing of our achievement of regulatory milestones; |
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conditions and trends in the pharmaceutical and other technology industries; |
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adoption of new accounting standards affecting such industries; |
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changes in financial estimates by securities analysts; |
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perceptions of the value of corporate transactions; and |
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degree of trading liquidity in our common stock and general market conditions. |
Since the closing of our merger with Predix and our 1 for 1.5 share reverse stock split on
August 16, 2006, the closing price of our common stock ranged from $7.58 to $3.80 per share. The
last reported closing price for our common stock on November 1, 2006 was $4.22. Significant
declines in the price of our common stock could impede our ability to obtain additional capital,
attract and retain qualified employees and reduce the liquidity of our common stock.
In addition, the stock market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume
fluctuations that have particularly affected the market prices for the common stock of similarly
staged companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our
common stock. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a particular
companys securities, shareholders have often brought class action securities litigation against
that company. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and a diversion of managements
attention and resources. For example, in January 2005, a securities class action was filed in U.S.
District Court for the District of Massachusetts
against us and certain of our officers on behalf of persons who purchased our common stock
between July 10, 2003 and January 14, 2005. The complaint alleged that we and the other defendants
violated the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, by issuing a series of materially false
and misleading statements to the market throughout the class period, which statements had the
effect of artificially inflating the market price of our securities. In January 2006, the U.S.
District Court for the District of Massachusetts granted our Motion to Dismiss for Failure to
Prosecute the shareholder class action lawsuit against us. The dismissal was issued without
prejudice after a hearing, which dismissal does not prevent another suit to be brought based on the
same claims.
39
We significantly increased our leverage as a result of the sale of 3.0% Convertible Senior Notes
due 2024, and may be unable to repay, repurchase or redeem these notes if, and when, required.
In connection with the sale of 3.0% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024, we have incurred
indebtedness of $100.0 million. Our ability to meet our debt service obligations will depend upon
our future performance, which will be subject to regulatory approvals and sales of our products, as
well as other financial and business factors affecting our operations, many of which are beyond our
control. The amount of our indebtedness could, among other things:
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make it difficult for us to make payments on the notes; |
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make it difficult for us to obtain financing for working capital, acquisitions or
other purposes on favorable terms, if at all; |
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make us more vulnerable to industry downturns and competitive pressures; and |
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limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to changes in, our business. |
In addition, although our 3.0% Convertible Senior Notes do not mature until 2024, noteholders
may require us to repurchase these notes at par, plus accrued and unpaid interest, on June 15,
2011, 2014 and 2019 and upon certain other designated events under the notes, which include a
change of control of us or termination of trading of our common stock on The NASDAQ Global Market.
The definition of change in control set forth in the indenture governing the notes does not include
certain mergers and similar transactions that are not deemed a change in control. While we believe
that our merger with Predix did not constitute a change of control of us under the indenture, we
cannot assure you that we will not become obligated to repurchase these notes, in whole or in part,
as a result of the merger. Based on the current trading price of our common stock, we anticipate
that in such event most, if not all, of the noteholders would tender their notes for repurchase.
We may not have enough funds or be able to arrange for additional financing to repurchase the notes
tendered by the holders upon a designated event or otherwise. Any failure to repurchase tendered
notes would constitute an event of default under the indenture, which might also constitute a
default under the terms of our other debt. If we are required to repurchase or redeem these notes
prior to their maturity, whether as a result of the merger or otherwise, the financial position of
the combined company would be materially adversely affected and the anticipated benefits of the
merger would be significantly diminished.
Future sales of common stock by our existing stockholders and former security holders of Predix may
cause the stock price of our common stock to fall.
The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales by our existing
stockholders and former Predix stockholders in the market, or the perception that these sales could
occur. These sales might also make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities at an
appropriate time and price.
Certain anti-takeover clauses in our charter and by-laws and in Delaware law may make an
acquisition of us more difficult.
Our restated certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to issue, without
stockholder approval, up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with voting, conversion and other
rights and preferences that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders
of our common stock. The issuance of preferred stock or of rights to purchase preferred stock could
be used to discourage an unsolicited acquisition proposal. In addition, the possible issuance of
preferred stock could discourage a
proxy contest, make more difficult the acquisition of a substantial block of our common stock
or limit the price that investors might be willing to pay for shares of our common stock. Our
restated certificate of incorporation provides for staggered terms for the members of our board of
directors. A staggered board of directors and certain provisions of our by-laws and of the state of
Delaware law applicable to us could delay or make more difficult a merger, tender offer or proxy
contest involving us. We are subject to Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware, which, subject to certain exceptions, restricts certain transactions and business
combinations between a corporation and a stockholder owning 15% or more of the corporations
outstanding voting stock for a period of three years from the date the stockholder becomes an
interested stockholder. These provisions may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in
control of us without action by the stockholders and, therefore, could adversely affect the price
of our stock.
40
ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
On August 15, 2006, the annual meeting of stockholders was held and the shares present voted
on the following matters:
1. A proposal to consider and vote upon the issuance of shares of our common stock in the merger
contemplated by the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 3, 2006, as amended, by and
among EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., EPIX Delaware, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of EPIX, and
Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., and approve the merger of Predix Pharmaceuticals
Holdings, inc. with and into EPIX Delaware, Inc. was approved with 12,498,153 votes FOR, 173,512
votes AGAINST, and 26,040 votes ABSTAINING.
2. A proposal to approve an amendment to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation
to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 40,000,000 shares to
100,000,000 shares was approved with 12,439,613 votes FOR, 235,362 votes AGAINST, and 22,730
votes ABSTAINING.
3. A proposal to authorize the board of directors to amend in its discretion our restated
certificate of incorporation to effect a reverse stock split of the Companys issued and
outstanding shares of common stock, at such ratio between 1:1.25 to 1:4 to be determined by the
board of directors was approved with 12,194,085 votes FOR, 476,100 votes AGAINST, and 27,520
votes ABSTAINING.
4. The stockholders elected as Class I directors, each to serve for a three-year term, the
following individuals: Mark Leuchtenberger (19,867,368shares FOR; 844,443 shares WITHHELD) and
Michael Gilman, Ph.D. (19,856,277 shares FOR; 855,534 shares WITHHELD). The stockholders
elected Robert J. Perez with 19,868,647 shares FOR and 843,164 shares WITHHELD as a Class II
director, to serve for a one-year term.
5. A proposal to ratify Ernst & Young LLP as the Companys independent auditors for fiscal year
2006 was approved with 19,944,696 votes FOR, 61,014 votes AGAINST, and 706,101 votes ABSTAINING.
41
ITEM 6. Exhibits.
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Exhibit |
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number |
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Description |
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2.1 |
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Agreement and Plan Merger dated as of April 3, 2006 by and among EPIX
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., EPIX Delaware, Inc. and Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings,
Inc. (filed as Exhibit 2.1 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report on Form
8-K dated April 3, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). |
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2.2 |
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Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among EPIX Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., EPIX Delaware, Inc. and Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., dated July 10,
2006 (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report on Form
8-K dated July 12, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). |
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3.1 |
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Restated Certificate of Incorporation of EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., as amended to
date. |
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3.2 |
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Form of Amended and Restated By-Laws of EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (filed as
Exhibit 4.2 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Registration Statement on Form S-8
(File No. 333-30531) dated July 1,1997 and incorporated herein by reference). |
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4.1 |
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Specimen certificate for shares of Common Stock of EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
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4.2 |
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Indenture, dated as of June 7, 2004, between EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and U.S.
Bank National Association as Trustee, relating to 3% Convertible Senior Notes due
June 15, 2024 (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report
on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference). |
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4.3 |
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Warrant issued to RRD International, LLC, dated as of October 30, 2003, as amended
on July 7, 2005. |
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4.4 |
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Warrant issued to General Electric Capital Corporation, dated as of January 8, 2004. |
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4.5 |
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Warrant issued to Oxford BioScience Management Partners II, dated as of November 7,
1997. |
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10.1 |
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Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2003 Stock Incentive
Plan together with forms of option agreements. |
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10.2 |
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Physiome Sciences, Inc. 1997 Stock Option Plan, as amended together with forms of
option agreement. |
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10.3 ** |
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Amended and Restated License Agreement between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings,
Inc. and Ramot at Tel Aviv University dated May 20, 2004. |
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10.4** |
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Research Development and Commercialization Agreement between
Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics
Incorporated dated March 7, 2005 (the CFFT Agreement), together with the First
Amendment and the Second Amendment to the CFFT Agreement. |
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10.5** |
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License Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Amgen
Inc. dated July 31, 2006. |
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10.6 |
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Lease by and between Trustees of 4 Maguire Road Realty Trust and the Predix
Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., dated as of January 25, 2005 (the Lease),
together with the Amendment to the Lease dated August 31, 2006. |
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10.7 |
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Lease Agreement by and between the Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and 150
College Road, LLC, dated as of December 21, 2000, as amended by the First Amendment
to the Lease Agreement, dated as of January 7, 2002, the Second Amendment to the
Lease Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2003, as amended by the Letter Agreement,
dated as of September 30, 2004 and the Third Amendment to the Lease Agreement,
dated as of October 14, 2004. |
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10.8 |
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Sublease Agreement by and between the Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and
Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals, Inc., dated as of December 12, 2003, as amended by
the First Amendment to Sublease, dated January 14, 2004, the Second Amendment to
Sublease, dated August, 2004 and supplemented by the Letter Agreement, dated
September 30, 2004. |
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10.9 |
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Unprotected Lease Agreement by and between Emed Real Estate Development and
Investments Company Ltd. and Predix Pharmaceuticals Ltd., dated as of September 26,
2004. |
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10.10 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and
Michael G. Kauffman, M.D., Ph.D., dated as of August 8, 2003. |
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10.11 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and Silvia Noiman,
Ph.D., dated as of October 31, 2000, as amended by the Amended Employment
Agreement, dated as of April 3, 2001, the Second Amendment to Employment Agreement,
dated as of August 29, 2001, the Third Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as
of May 12, 2003, the Fourth Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of August
8, 2003, the Letter, dated June 18, 2004 and the Letter, dated June 9, 2005. |
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10.12 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and
Kimberlee C. Drapkin, dated as of February 8, 2005, as amended by the First
Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2005. |
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10.13 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Chen
Schor, dated as of November 23, 2003. |
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10.14 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and Oren Becker,
Ph.D. dated as of October 31, 2000, as amended by the Amended Employment Agreement,
dated as of April 3, 2001, the Second Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as
of August 29, 2001, the Third Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of May
12, 2003, the Fourth Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2003
and the Letter, dated June 9, 2005. |
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10.15 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and
Stephen R. Donahue, M.D., dated as of September 27, 2004. |
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10.16 |
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Retention Agreement between EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Robert Pelletier dated
July 25, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report
on Form 8-K dated July 25, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). |
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10.17 |
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Consulting Agreement between EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Robert Pelletier dated
July 25, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report
on Form 8-K dated July 25, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). |
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31.1 |
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Certification Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. |
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31.2 |
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Certification Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. |
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32.1 |
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Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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Indicates a management contract or any compensatory plan,
contract or arrangement. |
** |
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Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of
this exhibit. |
42
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
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Date: November 9 , 2006
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By:
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/s/ Kim C. Drapkin |
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Kim C. Drapkin |
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Chief Financial Officer |
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(Authorized Officer and Principal
Accounting Officer) |
43
Exhibit Index
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|
Exhibit |
|
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number |
|
Description |
|
2.1 |
|
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Agreement and Plan Merger dated as of April 3, 2006 by and among EPIX
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., EPIX Delaware, Inc. and Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings,
Inc. (filed as Exhibit 2.1 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report on Form
8-K dated April 3, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). |
|
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|
|
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|
2.2 |
|
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Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among EPIX Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., EPIX Delaware, Inc. and Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., dated July 10,
2006 (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report on Form
8-K dated July 12, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
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Restated Certificate of Incorporation of EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., as amended to
date. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.2 |
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Form of Amended and Restated By-Laws of EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (filed as
Exhibit 4.2 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Registration Statement on Form S-8
(File No. 333-30531) dated July 1,1997 and incorporated herein by reference). |
|
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|
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
Specimen certificate for shares of Common Stock of EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
|
|
|
|
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4.2 |
|
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Indenture, dated as of June 7, 2004, between EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and U.S.
Bank National Association as Trustee, relating to 3% Convertible Senior Notes due
June 15, 2024 (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report
on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference). |
|
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4.3 |
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Warrant issued to RRD International, LLC, dated as of October 30, 2003, as amended
on July 7, 2005. |
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4.4 |
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Warrant issued to General Electric Capital Corporation, dated as of January 8, 2004. |
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4.5 |
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Warrant issued to Oxford BioScience Management Partners II, dated as of November 7,
1997. |
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10.1 |
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Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2003 Stock Incentive
Plan together with forms of option agreements. |
|
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10.2 |
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Physiome Sciences, Inc. 1997 Stock Option Plan, as amended together with forms of
option agreement. |
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10.3** |
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Amended and Restated License Agreement between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings,
Inc. and Ramot at Tel Aviv University dated May 20, 2004. |
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10.4** |
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Research Development and Commercialization Agreement between
Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics
Incorporated dated March 7, 2005 (the CFFT Agreement), together with the First
Amendment and the Second Amendment to the CFFT Agreement. |
|
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10.5** |
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License Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Amgen
Inc. dated July 31, 2006. |
|
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10.6 |
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Lease by and between Trustees of 4 Maguire Road Realty Trust and the Predix
Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., dated as of January 25, 2005 (the Lease),
together with the Amendment to the Lease dated August 31, 2006. |
|
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10.7 |
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Lease Agreement by and between the Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and 150
College Road, LLC, dated as of December 21, 2000, as amended by the First Amendment
to the Lease Agreement, dated as of January 7, 2002, the Second Amendment to the
Lease Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2003, as amended by the Letter Agreement,
dated as of September 30, 2004 and the Third Amendment to the Lease Agreement,
dated as of October 14, 2004. |
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10.8 |
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Sublease Agreement by and between the Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and
Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals, Inc., dated as of December 12, 2003, as amended by
the First Amendment to Sublease, dated January 14, 2004, the Second Amendment to
Sublease, dated August, 2004 and supplemented by the Letter Agreement, dated
September 30, 2004. |
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10.9 |
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Unprotected Lease Agreement by and between Emed Real Estate Development and
Investments Company Ltd. and Predix Pharmaceuticals Ltd., dated as of September 26,
2004. |
|
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10.10 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and
Michael G. Kauffman, M.D., Ph.D., dated as of August 8, 2003. |
|
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10.11 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and Silvia Noiman,
Ph.D., dated as of October 31, 2000, as amended by the Amended Employment
Agreement, dated as of April 3, 2001, the Second Amendment to Employment Agreement,
dated as of August 29, 2001, the Third Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as
of May 12, 2003, the Fourth Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of August
8, 2003, the Letter, dated June 18, 2004 and the Letter, dated June 9, 2005. |
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10.12 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and
Kimberlee C. Drapkin, dated as of February 8, 2005, as amended by the First
Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2005. |
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10.13 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Chen
Schor, dated as of November 23, 2003. |
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10.14 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and Oren Becker,
Ph.D. dated as of October 31, 2000, as amended by the Amended Employment Agreement,
dated as of April 3, 2001, the Second Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as
of August 29, 2001, the Third Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of May
12, 2003, the Fourth Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2003
and the Letter, dated June 9, 2005. |
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10.15 |
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Employment Agreement by and between Predix Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and
Stephen R. Donahue, M.D., dated as of September 27 2004. |
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10.16 |
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Retention Agreement between EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Robert Pelletier dated
July 25, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report
on Form 8-K dated July 25, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). |
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10.17 |
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Consulting Agreement between EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Robert Pelletier dated
July 25, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Current Report
on Form 8-K dated July 25, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference). |
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31.1 |
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Certification Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. |
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31.2 |
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Certification Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. |
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32.1 |
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Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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Indicates a management contract or any compensatory plan,
contract or arrangement. |
** |
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Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of
this exhibit. |
44