e424b5
The information in
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is
not complete and may be changed. This prospectus supplement and
the accompanying prospectus are not an offer to sell these
securities and are not soliciting an offer to buy these
securities in any state where this offer or sale is not
permitted.
|
Filed Pursuant to
Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-121615
Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus Supplement dated
April 11, 2005
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To prospectus dated January 14, 2005)
$220,000,000
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2013
We will pay interest on the notes
on and of
each year,
beginning ,
2005. The notes will mature
on ,
2013. We may redeem some or all of the notes at any time on or
after ,
2009, at redemption prices described in this prospectus
supplement. In addition,
before ,
2008, we may redeem up to 35% of the notes with the net proceeds
of an equity offering. If we experience specific kinds of
changes of control, we must offer to repurchase the notes.
The notes will be unsecured and subordinated to our senior debt.
The notes will rank equally with our outstanding
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012 and with any senior subordinated
debt we may incur in the future and will rank senior to any
subordinated debt we may incur in the future. The notes will be
guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries on a senior
subordinated basis. The notes will only be issued in
denominations of $1,000.
We do not intend to apply for listing of the notes on any
securities exchange or for the inclusion of the notes on any
automated dealer quotation system. Our common stock is traded on
the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol WLL.
Investing in the notes involves risks that are described in
the Risk Factors section beginning on page S-14
of this prospectus supplement.
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Per Note |
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Total |
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Public offering price(1)
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% |
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$ |
Underwriting discount
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% |
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$ |
Proceeds, before expenses, to us
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% |
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$ |
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(1) |
Plus accrued interest, if any,
from ,
2005, if settlement occurs after that date |
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the
accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any
representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The notes will be ready for delivery in book-entry form through
The Depository Trust Company on or about
April , 2005.
Joint Book-Running Managers
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Merrill Lynch & Co. |
Lehman Brothers |
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Banc of America Securities LLC |
JPMorgan |
Wachovia Securities |
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A.G. Edwards |
KeyBanc Capital Markets |
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Petrie Parkman & Co. |
Raymond James |
The date of this prospectus supplement is
April , 2005.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Supplement
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S-2 |
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S-3 |
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S-4 |
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S-14 |
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S-26 |
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S-26 |
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S-27 |
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S-69 |
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S-72 |
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S-72 |
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Prospectus
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus
supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering.
The second part, the accompanying prospectus, gives more general
information, some of which may not apply to this offering. You
should read the entire prospectus supplement, as well as the
accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by
reference that are described under Where You Can Find More
Information in the accompanying prospectus. In the event
that the description of this offering varies between this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you
should rely on the information contained in this prospectus
supplement.
You should rely only on the information contained in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have
not, and the underwriters have not, authorized any other person
to provide you with different information. If anyone provides
you with different or inconsistent information, you should not
rely on it. You should assume that the information appearing in
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is
accurate only as of the date on their respective front covers.
Our business, financial condition, results of operations and
prospects may have changed since those dates.
In this prospectus supplement, we, us,
our or ours refer to Whiting Petroleum
Corporation.
S-1
GLOSSARY OF CERTAIN OIL AND NATURAL GAS TERMS
We have included below the definitions for certain oil and
natural gas terms used in this prospectus supplement:
3-D seismic Geophysical data that depict the
subsurface strata in three dimensions. 3-D seismic typically
provides a more detailed and accurate interpretation of the
subsurface strata than 2-D, or two-dimensional, seismic.
Bbl One stock tank barrel, or
42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in this prospectus
supplement in reference to oil and other liquid hydrocarbons.
Bcf One billion cubic feet of natural gas.
Bcfe One billion cubic feet equivalent,
determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl
of crude oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
completion The installation of permanent
equipment for the production of oil or natural gas, or in the
case of a dry hole, the reporting of abandonment to the
appropriate agency.
Mcf One thousand cubic feet of natural gas.
Mcf/d One Mcf per day.
Mcfe One thousand cubic feet equivalent,
determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl
of crude oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
Mcfe/d One Mcfe per day.
MMbbls Millions of barrels of oil or other
liquid hydrocarbons.
MMbtu One million British Thermal Units.
MMcf One million cubic feet of natural gas.
MMcf/d One MMcf per day.
MMcfe One million cubic feet equivalent,
determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl
of crude oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
MMcfe/d One MMcfe per day.
PDNP Proved developed nonproducing.
PDP Proved developed producing.
plugging and abandonment Refers to the
sealing off of fluids in the strata penetrated by a well so that
the fluids from one stratum will not escape into another or to
the surface. Regulations of many states require plugging of
abandoned wells.
pre-tax PV10% The present value of estimated
future revenues to be generated from the production of proved
reserves calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines, net of
estimated lease operating expense, production taxes and future
development costs, using price and costs as of the date of
estimation without future escalation, without giving effect to
non-property related expenses such as general and administrative
expenses, debt service and depreciation, depletion and
amortization, or Federal income taxes and discounted using an
annual discount rate of 10%.
reservoir A porous and permeable underground
formation containing a natural accumulation of producible oil
and/or natural gas that is confined by impermeable rock or water
barriers and is individual and separate from other reservoirs.
working interest The interest in an oil and
natural gas property (normally a leasehold interest) that gives
the owner the right to drill, produce and conduct operations on
the property and a share of
S-2
production, subject to all royalties, overriding royalties and
other burdens and to all costs of exploration, development and
operations and all risks in connection therewith.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the
documents incorporated by reference contain statements that we
believe to be forward-looking statements within the
meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
All statements other than historical facts, including, without
limitation, statements regarding our future financial position,
business strategy, projected revenues, earnings, costs, capital
expenditures and debt levels, and plans and objectives of
management for future operations, are forward-looking
statements. When used in this prospectus supplement, the
accompanying prospectus or the documents incorporated by
reference, words such as we expect,
intend, plan, estimate,
anticipate, believe or
should or the negative thereof or variations thereon
or similar terminology are generally intended to identify
forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are
subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual
results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied
by, such statements. Some, but not all, of the risks and
uncertainties include:
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declines in oil or natural gas prices; |
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our level of success in exploitation, exploration, development
and production activities; |
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our ability to obtain external capital to finance acquisitions; |
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our ability to identify and complete acquisitions and to
successfully integrate acquired businesses, including our
ability to realize cost savings from completed acquisitions; |
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unforeseen underperformance of or liabilities associated with
acquired properties; |
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inaccuracies of our reserve estimates or our assumptions
underlying them; |
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failure of our properties to yield oil or natural gas in
commercially viable quantities; |
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uninsured or underinsured losses resulting from our oil and
natural gas operations; |
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our inability to access oil and natural gas markets due to
market conditions or operational impediments; |
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the impact and costs of compliance with laws and regulations
governing our oil and natural gas operations; |
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risks related to our level of indebtedness; |
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our ability to replace our oil and natural gas reserves; |
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any loss of our senior management or technical personnel; |
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competition in the oil and natural gas industry; |
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risks arising out of our hedging transactions; and |
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other risks described in documents we incorporate by reference. |
We assume no obligation, and disclaim any duty, to update the
forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement, the
accompanying prospectus or the documents we incorporate by
reference.
S-3
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This
summary may not contain all of the information that may be
important to you. You should read the entire prospectus
supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents we
incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus carefully before making a decision to
invest in our senior subordinated notes.
About Our Company
We are engaged in oil and natural gas exploitation, acquisition,
exploration and production activities primarily in the Rocky
Mountains, Permian Basin, Gulf Coast, Michigan, Mid-Continent
and California regions of the United States. Our focus is on
pursuing growth projects that we believe will generate
attractive rates of return and maintaining a balanced portfolio
of lower risk, long-lived oil and natural gas properties that
provide stable cash flows.
Since our inception in 1980, we have built a strong asset base
and achieved steady growth through both property acquisitions
and exploitation activities. As of January 1, 2005, our
estimated proved reserves totaled 865.4 Bcfe, of which
70.1% were classified as proved developed. These estimated
reserves had a pre-tax PV10% value of approximately
$1.85 billion, of which approximately 70% came from
properties located in three states: Texas, North Dakota and
Michigan. During 2004, we invested $606.9 million in
acquisition, exploration and development activities, including
$79.4 million for the drilling of 169 gross
(79 net) wells. Of these new wells, 160 resulted in
productive completions and 9 were unsuccessful, yielding a 95%
success rate. We have budgeted approximately $130 million
to $150 million for development drilling expenditures in
2005. Although we have no specific budget for acquisitions, we
will also seek property acquisition opportunities that meet our
rate of return criteria and complement our existing core
properties.
As of January 1, 2005, we had a balanced portfolio of oil
and natural gas reserves, with approximately 39.3% of our proved
reserves consisting of natural gas and approximately 60.7%
consisting of oil. Our properties generally have long reserve
lives and reasonably stable and predictable well production
characteristics with a ratio of proved reserves to annual
production (based on December 2004 production) of approximately
12.6 years.
The following table summarizes our estimated proved reserves and
pre-tax PV10% value within our core areas as of January 1,
2005 and our estimated December 2004 average daily production.
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Proved Reserves |
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Pre-Tax |
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PV10% |
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December 2004 |
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Oil |
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Natural |
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Total |
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% Natural |
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Value |
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Average Daily |
Core Area |
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(MMbbl) |
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Gas (Bcf) |
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(Bcfe) |
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Gas |
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(In millions) |
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Production (MMcfe) |
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Rocky Mountains(1)
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42.9 |
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62.9 |
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320.4 |
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19.6% |
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$ |
604.5 |
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70.5 |
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Permian Basin
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36.8 |
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55.3 |
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276.3 |
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20.0% |
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$ |
603.1 |
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41.6 |
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Gulf Coast
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4.0 |
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107.9 |
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131.5 |
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82.0% |
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$ |
364.1 |
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47.2 |
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Michigan
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1.8 |
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85.7 |
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96.7 |
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88.7% |
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$ |
198.5 |
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20.0 |
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Mid-Continent
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2.1 |
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17.0 |
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29.4 |
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57.7% |
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$ |
53.1 |
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5.4 |
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California
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0.0 |
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11.1 |
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11.1 |
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100.0% |
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$ |
28.3 |
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3.3 |
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Total
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87.6 |
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339.9 |
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865.4 |
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39.3% |
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$ |
1,851.6 |
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188.0 |
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(1) |
Includes one field in Canada with total estimated proved
reserves of 5.8 Bcfe and a pre-tax PV10% value of
$13.2 million. |
S-4
Business Strategy
Our goal is to generate significant free cash flow by investing
in oil and gas projects with attractive rates of return on
capital employed. We plan to achieve this goal by exploiting and
developing our existing oil and natural gas properties and
pursuing acquisitions of additional properties. Specifically, we
have focused, and plan to continue to focus, on the following:
Developing and Exploiting Existing Properties. We believe
that there is significant value to be created by drilling the
numerous identified undeveloped opportunities on our properties.
As of January 1, 2005, we owned interests in approximately
752,000 gross (300,400 net) developed acres and
approximately 608,800 gross (315,700 net) undeveloped
acres that contain many exploitation opportunities. During 2004,
we invested $79.4 million to drill 169 gross
(79 net) wells. Of these new wells, 95% resulted in
productive completions. For 2005, we have budgeted
$130 million to $150 million for the further
exploration and development of our properties.
Pursuing Profitable Acquisitions. We have pursued and
intend to continue to pursue acquisitions of properties that we
believe to have exploitation and development potential
comparable to our existing inventory of drilling locations. Our
experienced team of management, engineering and geoscience
professionals has developed and refined an acquisition program
designed to increase reserves and complement our existing core
properties, including identifying and evaluating acquisition
opportunities, negotiating and closing purchases and managing
acquired properties. To secure attractive realized commodity
prices on a portion of our producing volumes, we periodically
enter into derivative contracts, typically no-cost collars. We
have funded our acquisition activity through a combination of
internally generated cash flow and equity and debt issuances to
maintain our strong financial position.
During 2004, we completed seven separate acquisitions of
producing properties with a combined purchase price of
$535.1 million for estimated proved reserves as of the
effective dates of the acquisitions of approximately
436.1 Bcfe, resulting in an aggregate cost of
$1.23 per Mcfe of estimated proved reserves. Additionally,
on March 31, 2005, we completed our acquisition of operated
interests in five producing gas fields in the Green River Basin
of Wyoming.
Focusing on High Return Operated and Non-Operated
Properties. We have historically acquired operated as well
as non-operated properties that meet or exceed our rate of
return criteria. For acquisitions of properties with additional
development, exploitation and exploration potential, our focus
has been on acquiring operated properties so that we can better
control the timing and implementation of capital spending. In
some instances, we have been able to acquire non-operated
property interests at attractive rates of return that provided a
foothold in a new area of interest or complemented our existing
operations. We intend to continue to acquire both operated and
non-operated interests to the extent they meet our return
criteria and further our growth strategy.
Competitive Strengths
We believe that our key competitive strengths lie in our
diversified asset base, our experienced management and technical
team and our commitment to efficient utilization of new
technologies.
Diversified Asset Base. As of January 1, 2005, we
had interests in 6,970 productive wells across our six core
geographical areas. This property base, as well as our
continuing business strategy of acquiring and developing
properties in our core operating areas, presents us with a large
number of opportunities for successful development and
exploitation and additional acquisitions. In addition, we
maintain a balanced commodity mix with approximately 39.3% of
our proved reserves consisting of natural gas and approximately
60.7% consisting of oil.
Experienced Management Team. Our management team averages
over 25 years of experience in the oil and natural gas
industry. Our personnel have extensive experience in each of our
core geographical areas and in all of our operational
disciplines. In addition, each of our acquisition professionals
has at least 20 years of experience in the evaluation,
acquisition and operational assimilation of oil and natural gas
properties.
S-5
Commitment to Technology. In each of our core operating
areas, we have accumulated detailed geologic and geophysical
knowledge and have developed significant technical and
operational expertise. In recent years, we have developed
considerable expertise in conventional and 3-D seismic imaging
and interpretation. Our technical team has access to
approximately 961 square miles of 3-D seismic data, digital
well logs and other subsurface information. This data is
analyzed with state of the art geophysical and geological
computer resources dedicated to the accurate and efficient
characterization of the subsurface oil and gas reservoirs that
comprise our asset base. Computer applications, such as the
WellView® software system, enable us to quickly generate
reports and schematics on our wells. In addition, our
information systems enable us to update our production databases
through daily uploads from hand held computers in the field.
This commitment to technology has increased the productivity and
efficiency of our field operations development activities.
Resignation and Appointment of Chief Financial Officer
Effective March 1, 2005, James R. Casperson resigned as our
Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer
to pursue other interests. Also effective March 1, 2005,
our Board of Directors appointed Michael J. Stevens, formerly
our Controller and Treasurer, as our Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer.
Green River Basin Acquisition
On March 31, 2005, we completed our acquisition of operated
interests in five producing gas fields in the Green River Basin
of Wyoming. The purchase price was $65.0 million for
estimated proved reserves as of the effective date of the
acquisition of approximately 50.5 Bcfe, resulting in a cost
of $1.29 per Mcfe of estimated proved reserves. We operate
approximately 95% of the net daily production from the
properties, which is currently 6.3 MMcfe/d. We funded the
acquisition through borrowings under our wholly-owned subsidiary
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement.
Revised Outlook for 2005
On April 11, 2005, Whiting Petroleum Corporation announced
preliminary first quarter 2005 production and updated guidance.
Based on preliminary operating results for the first quarter of
2005, we revised our outlook for the first quarter as well as
fiscal year 2005. Total production for the first quarter is
expected to be 16.315 Bcfe versus 16.7 Bcfe in our
prior guidance. This reduction is due to the impact of temporary
pipeline shutdowns for repairs by a gas purchaser in our Yoakum
and Word North Fields in South Texas as well as downtime for
workover activity in the Big Stick Field in Billings County,
North Dakota. These impacts reduced first quarter average daily
production by approximately 7 MMcfe per day versus our
December 2004 average daily production rate of 188 MMcfe
per day. As a result of these production interruptions and
increased operating expenses, our operating costs on a per-unit
basis are expected to be higher than previously forecast.
For the full year 2005, we revised our total production guidance
to 65 Bcfe to 67 Bcfe from our original estimate of
69 Bcfe to 71 Bcfe. These estimates do not include
production from the acquisition of Green River Basin properties
for $65 million which closed on March 31, 2005, or any
other acquisitions which may take place during the year.
Including the Green River Basin acquisition, Whiting expects
2005 total production in the range of 67 Bcfe to
69 Bcfe.
Our 2005 non-acquisition capital budget remains unchanged in the
range of $130 million to $150 million.
S-6
Based on these revised production estimates, per-unit operating
expenses for the first quarter and fiscal year are expected to
fall within the ranges summarized below:
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Operating Costs Per Mcfe: |
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Lease operating expenses
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$1.25 - $1.28 |
General and administrative expense
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$0.40 - $0.42 |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
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$1.25 - $1.28 |
Production taxes (% of oil and gas revenues)
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6.0% - 6.5% |
The projections presented above are based on current financial
and operational information. We expect to release our complete
results for the first quarter on April 25, 2005.
Corporate Information
Whiting Petroleum Corporation was incorporated in Delaware on
July 18, 2003 for the sole purpose of becoming a holding
company of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation in connection with
our initial public offering. Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation was
incorporated in Delaware in 1983.
Our principal executive offices are located at 1700 Broadway,
Suite 2300, Denver, Colorado 80290-2300, and our telephone
number is (303) 837-1661.
S-7
The Offering
The following is a brief summary of some of the terms of this
offering. For a more complete description of the terms of the
senior subordinated notes, see Description of Notes
in this prospectus supplement and Description of Debt
Securities in the accompanying prospectus.
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Issuer |
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Whiting Petroleum Corporation |
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Notes offered |
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$220,000,000 aggregate principal amount
of % senior subordinated
notes due 2013. |
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Maturity date |
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2013. |
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Interest payment dates |
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and ,
beginning ,
2005. |
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Ranking |
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The notes will be unsecured senior subordinated obligations and
will be subordinated to all of our senior debt. The notes will
rank equally with our outstanding
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012 and any senior subordinated debt we
may incur in the future and will rank senior to any subordinated
debt we may incur in the future. |
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As of March 31, 2005, after giving effect to this offering
and the application of the net proceeds thereof as described
under Use of Proceeds, we would have had total
senior debt of approximately $3.2 million (excluding our
guarantee of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement), senior subordinated debt of approximately
$369.3 million consisting of the notes and our outstanding
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012, no debt subordinated to the notes,
and our operating subsidiary, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation,
would have had senior debt of approximately $0.2 million
consisting of borrowings under its credit agreement and no other
debt. |
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Optional redemption |
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We will have the option to redeem the notes, in whole or in
part, at any time on or
after ,
2009, at the redemption prices described in this prospectus
supplement under the heading Description of
Notes Optional Redemption, together with any
accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. |
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Equity offering optional redemption. |
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Before ,
2008, we may, at any time or from time to time, redeem up to 35%
of the aggregate principal amount of the notes with the net
proceeds of a public or private equity offering
at % of the principal amount of
the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, if at least 65%
of the aggregate principal amount of the notes issued under the
indenture remains outstanding after such redemption and the
redemption occurs within 120 days of the date of the
closing of such equity offering. |
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Change of control |
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When a change of control event occurs, each holder of notes may
require us to repurchase all or a portion of its notes at a
price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the notes, plus
any accrued and unpaid interest. |
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Guarantees |
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The notes will be unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and
severally, by certain of our subsidiaries on a senior
subordinated basis. All of our existing subsidiaries are
restricted subsidiaries. |
S-8
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Certain covenants |
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The indenture governing the notes will contain covenants that,
among other things, will limit our ability and the ability of
our restricted subsidiaries to: |
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pay dividends on, redeem or repurchase our capital stock or
redeem or repurchase our subordinated debt, |
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make investments, |
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incur additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock, |
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create certain liens, |
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sell assets, |
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enter into agreements that restrict dividends or other payments
from our restricted subsidiaries to us, |
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|
consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the
assets of us and our restricted subsidiaries taken as a whole, |
|
|
|
engage in transactions with affiliates, |
|
|
|
create unrestricted subsidiaries, and |
|
|
|
enter into sale and leaseback transactions. |
|
|
|
|
|
These covenants are subject to important exceptions and
qualifications that are described under the heading
Description of Notes in this prospectus supplement. |
|
Use of proceeds |
|
We estimate that the net proceeds from the offering will be
approximately $214.8 million. We intend to apply all of the
net proceeds from the sale of the notes to borrowings under
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations revolving credit
agreement. See Use of Proceeds. |
|
Absence of a public market for the notes |
|
The notes are new securities and there is currently no
established market for the notes. Accordingly, we cannot assure
you as to the development or liquidity of any market for the
notes. The underwriters have advised us that they currently
intend to make a market in the notes. However, they are not
obligated to do so, and they may discontinue any market making
with respect to the notes without notice. We do not intend to
apply for a listing of the notes on any securities exchange or
for the inclusion of the notes on any automated dealer quotation
system. |
|
Risk factors |
|
See Risk Factors and the other information in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus for a
discussion of factors you should carefully consider before
deciding to invest in the notes. |
S-9
Summary Historical Financial Information
The consolidated income statement information for the years
ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and the balance
sheet information at December 31, 2004 and 2003 are derived
from, and are qualified by reference to, our audited
consolidated financial statements incorporated by reference into
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2002 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(dollars in millions) | |
Consolidated Income Statement Information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas sales
|
|
$ |
281.1 |
|
|
$ |
175.7 |
|
|
$ |
122.7 |
|
|
Loss on oil and gas hedging activities
|
|
|
(4.9 |
) |
|
|
(8.7 |
) |
|
|
(3.2 |
) |
|
Gain on sale of oil and gas properties
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
Gain on sale of marketable securities
|
|
|
4.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income and other
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
$ |
282.1 |
|
|
$ |
167.3 |
|
|
$ |
120.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs and expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating
|
|
$ |
54.2 |
|
|
$ |
43.2 |
|
|
$ |
32.9 |
|
|
Production taxes
|
|
|
16.8 |
|
|
|
10.7 |
|
|
|
7.4 |
|
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
|
|
|
54.0 |
|
|
|
41.2 |
|
|
|
43.6 |
|
|
Exploration and impairment
|
|
|
6.3 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
Phantom equity plan(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
20.9 |
|
|
|
12.8 |
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
15.9 |
|
|
|
9.2 |
|
|
|
10.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total costs and expenses
|
|
$ |
168.1 |
|
|
$ |
131.2 |
|
|
$ |
108.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes and cumulative change in accounting
principle
|
|
$ |
114.0 |
|
|
$ |
36.1 |
|
|
$ |
11.9 |
|
Income tax expense(2)
|
|
|
44.0 |
|
|
|
13.9 |
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative change in accounting principle
|
|
|
70.0 |
|
|
|
22.2 |
|
|
|
7.7 |
|
Cumulative change in accounting principle(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$ |
70.0 |
|
|
$ |
18.3 |
|
|
$ |
7.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Financial Information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
$ |
135.5 |
|
|
$ |
96.4 |
|
|
$ |
62.6 |
|
Capital expenditures(4)
|
|
$ |
532.3 |
|
|
$ |
52.0 |
|
|
$ |
165.4 |
|
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(5)
|
|
|
7.92 |
x |
|
|
4.85 |
x |
|
|
2.08 |
x |
EBITDA(6)
|
|
$ |
183.9 |
|
|
$ |
82.6 |
|
|
$ |
66.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2002 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(dollars in millions) | |
Balance Sheet Information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$ |
1,092.2 |
|
|
$ |
536.3 |
|
|
$ |
448.5 |
|
Long-term debt
|
|
$ |
325.3 |
|
|
$ |
188.0 |
|
|
$ |
265.5 |
|
Stockholders equity
|
|
$ |
612.4 |
|
|
$ |
259.6 |
|
|
$ |
122.8 |
|
S-10
|
|
(1) |
The completion of our initial public offering in November 2003
constituted a triggering event under our phantom equity plan,
pursuant to which our employees received payments valued at
$10.9 million in the form of shares of our common stock
valued at approximately $6.5 million after withholding of
shares for payroll and income taxes. As a result, in the fourth
quarter of 2003, we recorded a one-time non-cash charge of
$6.5 million and a one-time cash charge of
$4.4 million, of which Alliant Energy Corporation, our
former parent company, funded the substantial majority. The
phantom equity plan is now terminated. |
|
(2) |
We generated Section 29 tax credits of $5.4 million in
2002. Section 29 tax credit provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code expired as of December 31, 2002. In 2002, we
were able to use our $5.4 million of Section 29 tax
credits in the consolidated federal income tax return filed by
Alliant Energy, but since these credits would not have been used
in a stand-alone filing, they were recorded as additional
paid-in capital as opposed to a reduction in income tax expense. |
|
(3) |
In 2003, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement
Obligations. The adoption of SFAS 143 included a
one-time cumulative effect adjustment to net income. |
|
(4) |
In 2003, we acquired the limited partnership interests in three
partnerships in which our wholly owned subsidiary is the general
partner. Though disclosed as acquisitions of limited partnership
interests in our consolidated statements of cash flows, these
amounts are recorded as oil and natural gas properties on our
consolidated balance sheets and are included in capital
expenditures in this summary historical financial information. |
|
(5) |
For purposes of calculating the ratios of consolidated earnings
to fixed charges, earnings consist of income before income
taxes, fixed charges and amortization of capitalized interest,
less capitalized interest. Fixed charges consist of interest
expensed, interest capitalized, amortized premiums, discounts
and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness and an estimate
of interest within rental expense. The ratio of earnings to
fixed charges for the years ended December 31, 2001 and
2000 were 6.10x and 6.93x, respectively. |
|
(6) |
We define EBITDA as earnings before interest, taxes,
depreciation, depletion and amortization. EBITDA is not a
measure of performance calculated in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP.
Although not prescribed under GAAP, we believe the presentation
of EBITDA is relevant and useful because it helps our investors
to understand our operating performance and makes it easier to
compare our results with other companies that have different
financing and capital structures or tax rates. EBITDA should not
be considered in isolation of, or as a substitute for, net
income as an indicator of operating performance or cash flows
from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. EBITDA, as
we calculate it, may not be comparable to EBITDA measures
reported by other companies. In addition, EBITDA does not
represent funds available for discretionary use. |
The following table presents a reconciliation of our
consolidated net income to our consolidated EBITDA for the
periods presented:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2002 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(dollars in millions) | |
Net income
|
|
$ |
70.0 |
|
|
$ |
18.3 |
|
|
$ |
7.7 |
|
Income tax expense
|
|
|
44.0 |
|
|
|
13.9 |
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
15.9 |
|
|
|
9.2 |
|
|
|
10.9 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
|
|
|
54.0 |
|
|
|
41.2 |
|
|
|
43.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EBITDA
|
|
$ |
183.9 |
|
|
$ |
82.6 |
|
|
$ |
66.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S-11
Summary Historical Reserve and Operating Information
The following tables present summary information regarding our
estimated net proved oil and natural gas reserves as of
December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and our historical
operating data for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003
and 2002. All calculations of estimated net proved reserves have
been made in accordance with the rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission and, except as otherwise
indicated, give no effect to federal or state income taxes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2002 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Reserve Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total estimated net proved reserves:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas (Bcf)
|
|
|
339.9 |
|
|
|
231.0 |
|
|
|
236.0 |
|
|
Oil (MMbbls)
|
|
|
87.6 |
|
|
|
34.6 |
|
|
|
29.5 |
|
|
|
Total (Bcfe)
|
|
|
865.4 |
|
|
|
438.8 |
|
|
|
412.7 |
|
Estimated net proved developed reserves:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas (Bcf)
|
|
|
242.6 |
|
|
|
171.9 |
|
|
|
167.6 |
|
|
Oil (MMbbls)
|
|
|
60.6 |
|
|
|
26.2 |
|
|
|
23.8 |
|
|
|
Total (Bcfe)
|
|
|
606.4 |
|
|
|
328.9 |
|
|
|
310.4 |
|
Estimated future net revenues before income taxes
(in millions)
|
|
$ |
3,424.8 |
|
|
$ |
1,352.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,112.4 |
|
Present value of estimated future net revenues before income
taxes (in millions)(1)(2)
|
|
$ |
1,851.6 |
|
|
$ |
784.6 |
|
|
$ |
638.6 |
|
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
(in millions)(3)
|
|
$ |
1,312.1 |
|
|
$ |
589.6 |
|
|
$ |
476.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2002 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Operating Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Production:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas (Bcf)
|
|
|
25.1 |
|
|
|
21.6 |
|
|
|
21.4 |
|
|
Oil (MMbbls)
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
2.3 |
|
|
|
Total (Bcfe)
|
|
|
47.0 |
|
|
|
37.2 |
|
|
|
35.2 |
|
Net sales (in millions)(4):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas
|
|
$ |
139.4 |
|
|
$ |
104.4 |
|
|
$ |
68.6 |
|
|
Oil
|
|
$ |
141.7 |
|
|
$ |
71.3 |
|
|
$ |
54.1 |
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
281.1 |
|
|
$ |
175.7 |
|
|
$ |
122.7 |
|
Average sales prices:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas (per Mcf)
|
|
$ |
5.56 |
|
|
$ |
4.78 |
|
|
$ |
3.21 |
|
|
Effect of natural gas hedges on average price (per Mcf)
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(0.30 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas net of hedging (per Mcf)
|
|
$ |
5.56 |
|
|
$ |
4.48 |
|
|
$ |
3.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (per Bbl)
|
|
$ |
38.72 |
|
|
$ |
27.50 |
|
|
$ |
23.35 |
|
|
Effect of oil hedges on average price (per Bbl)
|
|
$ |
(1.33 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.37 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.27 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil net of hedging (per Bbl)
|
|
$ |
37.39 |
|
|
$ |
27.13 |
|
|
$ |
22.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average (per Mcfe):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating expenses
|
|
$ |
1.15 |
|
|
$ |
1.16 |
|
|
$ |
0.93 |
|
|
Production taxes
|
|
$ |
0.36 |
|
|
$ |
0.29 |
|
|
$ |
0.21 |
|
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expenses
|
|
$ |
1.15 |
|
|
$ |
1.11 |
|
|
$ |
1.24 |
|
|
General and administrative expenses, net of reimbursements
|
|
$ |
0.45 |
|
|
$ |
0.34 |
|
|
$ |
0.34 |
|
S-12
|
|
(1) |
The present value of estimated future net revenues attributable
to our reserves was prepared using constant prices, as of the
calculation date, discounted at 10% per year on a pre-tax
basis. |
|
(2) |
The December 31, 2004 amount was calculated using a period
end average realized oil price of $40.58 per barrel and a
period end average realized natural gas price of $5.56 per
Mcf, the December 31, 2003 amount was calculated using a
period end average realized oil price of $29.43 per barrel
and a period end average realized natural gas price of
$5.52 per Mcf, and the December 31, 2002 amount was
calculated using a period end average realized oil price of
$28.21 per barrel and a period end average realized natural
gas price of $4.39 per Mcf. |
|
(3) |
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
represents the present value of future cash flows after income
taxes discounted at 10%. |
|
(4) |
Before consideration of hedging transactions. |
S-13
RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider each of the risks described below,
together with all of the other information contained in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, before
deciding to invest in the notes. If any of the following risks
develop into actual events, our business, financial condition or
results of operations could be materially adversely affected and
you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Relating to the Notes
Our debt level and the covenants in the agreements governing
our debt could negatively impact our financial condition,
results of operations and business prospects and prevent us from
fulfilling our obligations under the notes.
As of March 31, 2005, after giving effect to this offering
and the application of the net proceeds therefrom, we would have
had approximately $372.8 million in outstanding
consolidated indebtedness and $479.8 million of available
borrowing capacity under Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations
credit agreement. Following this offering, we will be permitted
to incur additional indebtedness, provided we meet certain
requirements in the indentures governing the notes and our
outstanding
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012 and Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporations credit agreement.
Our level of indebtedness, and the covenants contained in the
agreements governing our debt, could have important consequences
for our operations, including:
|
|
|
making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under
the notes or other debt and increasing the risk that we may
default on our debt obligations; |
|
|
requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow
from operations to required payments on debt, thereby reducing
the availability of cash flow for working capital, capital
expenditures and other general business activities; |
|
|
limiting our ability to obtain additional financing in the
future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions
and general corporate and other activities; |
|
|
limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to,
changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; |
|
|
detracting from our ability to withstand successfully a downturn
in our business or the economy generally; |
|
|
placing us at a competitive disadvantage relative to other less
leveraged competitors; and |
|
|
making us vulnerable to increases in interest rates, because
debt under Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement may be at variable rates. |
We may be required to repay all or a portion of our debt on an
accelerated basis in certain circumstances. If we fail to comply
with the covenants and other restrictions in the agreements
governing our debt, it could lead to an event of default and the
acceleration of our repayment of outstanding debt. Our ability
to comply with these covenants and other restrictions may be
affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing
economic and financial conditions. Moreover, the borrowing base
limitation on Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement is periodically redetermined based on an evaluation of
our reserves. Upon a redetermination, if borrowings in excess of
the revised borrowing capacity were outstanding, we could be
forced to repay a portion of our bank debt.
We may not have sufficient funds to make such repayments. If we
are unable to repay our debt out of cash on hand, we could
attempt to refinance such debt, sell assets or repay such debt
with the proceeds from an equity offering. We cannot assure you
that we will be able to generate sufficient cash flow to pay the
interest on our debt or that future borrowings, equity
financings or proceeds from the sale of assets will be available
to pay or refinance such debt. The terms of our debt, including
Whiting Oil and
S-14
Gas Corporations credit agreement, may also prohibit us
from taking such actions. Factors that will affect our ability
to raise cash through an offering of our capital stock, a
refinancing of our debt or a sale of assets include financial
market conditions and our market value and operating performance
at the time of such offering or other financing. We cannot
assure you that any such offering, refinancing or sale of assets
can be successfully completed.
The instruments governing our indebtedness contain various
covenants limiting the discretion of our management in operating
our business.
The indentures governing the notes and our outstanding
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012 and Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporations credit agreement contain various restrictive
covenants that limit our managements discretion in
operating our business. In particular, these agreements will
limit our and our subsidiaries ability to, among other
things:
|
|
|
pay dividends on, redeem or repurchase our capital stock or
redeem or repurchase our subordinated debt; |
|
|
make loans to others; |
|
|
make investments; |
|
|
incur additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock; |
|
|
create certain liens; |
|
|
sell assets; |
|
|
enter into agreements that restrict dividends or other payments
from our restricted subsidiaries to us; |
|
|
consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the
assets of us and our restricted subsidiaries taken as a whole; |
|
|
engage in transactions with affiliates; |
|
|
enter into hedging contracts; |
|
|
create unrestricted subsidiaries; and |
|
|
enter into sale and leaseback transactions. |
In addition, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement also requires us to maintain a certain working capital
ratio and a certain debt to EBITDAX (as defined in the credit
agreement) ratio.
If we fail to comply with the restrictions in the indentures
governing the notes and our outstanding
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012 or Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporations credit agreement or any other subsequent
financing agreements, a default may allow the creditors, if the
agreements so provide, to accelerate the related indebtedness as
well as any other indebtedness to which a cross-acceleration or
cross-default provision applies. In addition, lenders may be
able to terminate any commitments they had made to make
available further funds.
As a holding company, we rely on payments from our operating
subsidiaries in order for us to make payments on the notes.
Whiting Petroleum Corporation is a holding company with no
significant operations of its own. Because our operations are
conducted through our operating subsidiaries, we depend on
dividends, advances and other payments from our subsidiaries in
order to allow us to satisfy our financial obligations. Our
subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have
no obligation to pay any amounts to us, whether by dividends,
advances or other payments. The ability of our subsidiaries to
pay dividends and make other payments to us depends on their
earnings, capital requirements and general financial conditions
and is restricted by, among other things, Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporations credit agreement, applicable
S-15
corporate and other laws and regulations as well as agreements
to which our subsidiaries may be a party. Specifically, Whiting
Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement allows it to
make payments to us so that we may pay interest on the notes,
but does not allow for payments from it to us to pay principal
on the notes. Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement also prohibits Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation from
allowing us to make any principal payments on the notes.
Although our subsidiary guarantors are guaranteeing the notes,
each guarantee is subordinated to all senior debt of the
relevant subsidiary guarantor.
We may not be able to repurchase the notes upon a change of
control.
Upon the occurrence of certain change of control events, holders
of the notes may require us to repurchase all or any part of
their notes. The occurrence of these same change of control
events would also obligate us to offer to repurchase our
outstanding
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012. We may not have sufficient funds at
the time of the change of control to make the required
repurchases of the notes. Additionally, certain events that
would constitute a change of control (as defined in
the indenture) would constitute an event of default under
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement that
would, if it should occur, permit the lenders to accelerate the
debt outstanding under such credit agreement and that, in turn,
would cause an event of default under the indenture. We would
not be permitted to repurchase the notes prior to termination of
and payment in full of the obligations under Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporations credit agreement.
The source of funds for any repurchase required as a result of
any change of control will be our available cash or cash
generated from oil and gas operations or other sources,
including borrowings, sales of assets, sales of equity or funds
provided by a new controlling entity. We cannot assure you,
however, that sufficient funds would be available at the time of
any change of control to make any required repurchases of the
notes and the
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012 tendered and to repay debt under
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement.
Furthermore, using available cash to fund the potential
consequences of a change of control may impair our ability to
obtain additional financing in the future. Any future credit
agreements or other agreements relating to debt to which we may
become a party will most likely contain similar restrictions and
provisions.
The notes and the subsidiary guarantees are subordinated to
the senior debt of us and the subsidiary guarantors,
respectively, and are effectively subordinated to our and the
subsidiary guarantors secured debt.
The notes will be our senior subordinated obligations.
Accordingly, the notes will be subordinated to all of our
existing and future senior debt, including our guarantee of
borrowings under Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement. We and our subsidiaries expect to incur additional
senior debt from time to time in the future, whether under
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement or
otherwise. The indenture governing the notes will limit, but not
prohibit, the incurrence of any other debt by us or our
subsidiaries, including senior debt. As a result of such
subordination, upon any distribution to our creditors in a
liquidation, dissolution, bankruptcy, reorganization or any
similar proceeding by or relating to us or our property, the
holders of our senior debt would be entitled to receive payment
in full before the holders of the notes would be entitled to
receive any payment. In addition, all payments on the notes
could be blocked in the event of a default on our senior debt.
See Description of Notes Subordination.
The notes will not be secured. The borrowings under Whiting Oil
and Gas Corporations credit agreement are secured by liens
on Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations and Equity Oil
Companys assets, and the guarantees of those borrowings by
Equity Oil Company and us are secured by liens on each
guarantors assets. If we, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation
or any of our other subsidiary guarantors liquidates, dissolves
or declares bankruptcy, or if payment under the credit agreement
or any of our other secured debt is accelerated, our secured
lenders would be entitled to exercise the remedies available to
a secured lender under applicable law and will have a claim on
those assets before the holders of the notes. As a result, the
notes and the subsidiary guarantees are effectively subordinated
to our and the subsidiary
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guarantors secured debt to the extent of the value of the
assets securing that debt, and the holders of the notes would in
all likelihood recover ratably less than the lenders of such
secured debt in the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation or
dissolution. As of March 31, 2005, after giving effect to
this offering and the use of proceeds therefrom, we and the
subsidiary guarantors would have had no secured debt outstanding
to which the notes and the subsidiary guarantees would have been
effectively subordinated, except for approximately
$0.2 million of secured debt under Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporations credit agreement. Approximately
$479.8 million of secured debt would have been available
for borrowing under the credit agreement.
The notes will also be effectively subordinated to claims of
creditors (other than us) of any of our subsidiaries that are
not subsidiary guarantors of the notes, including lessors, trade
creditors, taxing authorities, creditors holding guarantees and
tort claimants. In the event of a liquidation, reorganization or
similar proceeding relating to a subsidiary that is not a
guarantor of the notes, these persons generally will have
priority as to the assets of that subsidiary over our claims and
equity interest and, thereby indirectly, holders of our debt,
including the notes.
Your ability to transfer the notes may be limited by the
absence of an active trading market, and there is no assurance
that any active trading market will develop for the notes.
The notes are a new issue of securities for which there is no
established public market. We do not intend to have the notes
listed on a national securities exchange or included on any
automated dealer quotation system. The underwriters have advised
us that they intend to make a market in the notes as permitted
by applicable laws and regulations; however, the underwriters
are not obligated to make a market in the notes, and they may
discontinue their market-making activities at any time without
notice. Therefore, we cannot assure you that an active market
for the notes will develop or, if developed, that it will
continue. Historically, the market for noninvestment grade debt
has been subject to disruptions that have caused substantial
volatility in the prices of securities similar to the notes. We
cannot assure you that the market, if any, for the notes will be
free from similar disruptions or that any such disruptions may
not adversely affect the prices at which you may sell your
notes. In addition, subsequent to their initial issuance, the
notes may trade at a discount from their initial offering price,
depending upon prevailing interest rates, the market for similar
notes, our performance and other factors.
Any subsidiary guarantees of the notes may be further
subordinated or avoided by a court.
Certain of our subsidiaries will jointly and severally guarantee
the notes on a senior subordinated basis. Various applicable
fraudulent conveyance laws have been enacted for the protection
of creditors. A court may use those laws to further subordinate
or avoid any guarantee of the notes issued by any of our
subsidiaries.
A court could avoid or further subordinate the guarantee of the
notes by any of our subsidiaries in favor of that
subsidiarys other debts or liabilities to the extent that
the court determined either of the following were true at the
time the subsidiary issued the guarantee:
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that subsidiary incurred the guarantee with the intent to
hinder, delay or defraud any of its present or future creditors
or that such subsidiary contemplated insolvency with a design to
favor one or more creditors to the total or partial exclusion of
others; or |
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that subsidiary did not receive fair consideration or reasonably
equivalent value for issuing the guarantee and, at the time it
issued the guarantee, that subsidiary: |
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was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of the issuance of
the guarantee; |
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was engaged or about to engage in a business or transaction for
which the remaining assets of that subsidiary constituted
unreasonably small capital; or |
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intended to incur, or believed that it would incur, debts beyond
its ability to pay such debts as they matured. |
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Among other things, a legal challenge of a subsidiarys
guarantee of the notes on fraudulent conveyance grounds may
focus on the benefits, if any, realized by that subsidiary as a
result of our issuance of the notes. To the extent a
subsidiarys guarantee of the notes is avoided as a result
of fraudulent conveyance or held unenforceable for any other
reason, the note holders would cease to have any claim in
respect of that guarantee and would be creditors solely of ours.
Risks Relating to the Oil and Natural Gas Industry and Our
Business
A substantial or extended decline in oil and natural gas
prices may adversely affect our business, financial condition or
results of operation.
The price we receive for our oil and natural gas production
heavily influences our revenue, profitability, access to capital
and future rate of growth. Oil and natural gas are commodities
and, therefore, their prices are subject to wide fluctuations in
response to relatively minor changes in supply and demand.
Historically, the markets for oil and natural gas have been
volatile. These markets will likely continue to be volatile in
the future. The prices we receive for our production, and the
levels of our production, depend on numerous factors beyond our
control. These factors include the following:
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changes in global supply and demand for oil and natural gas; |
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the actions of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; |
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the price and quantity of imports of foreign oil and natural gas; |
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political conditions, including embargoes, in or affecting other
oil-producing activity; |
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the level of global oil and natural gas exploration and
production activity; |
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the level of global oil and natural gas inventories; |
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weather conditions; |
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technological advances affecting energy consumption; and |
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the price and availability of alternative fuels. |
Lower oil and natural gas prices may not only decrease our
revenues on a per unit basis but also may reduce the amount of
oil and natural gas that we can produce economically. A
substantial or extended decline in oil or natural gas prices may
materially and adversely affect our future business, financial
condition, results of operations, liquidity or ability to
finance planned capital expenditures. Lower oil and natural gas
prices may also reduce the amount of our borrowing base under
our credit agreement, which is determined in the discretion of
the lenders based on the collateral value of our proved reserves
that have been mortgaged to the lenders.
Drilling for and producing oil and natural gas are high risk
activities with many uncertainties that could adversely affect
our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our future success will depend on the success of our
exploitation, exploration, development and production
activities. Our oil and natural gas exploration and production
activities are subject to numerous risks beyond our control,
including the risk that drilling will not result in commercially
viable oil or natural gas production. Our decisions to purchase,
explore, develop or otherwise exploit prospects or properties
will depend in part on the evaluation of data obtained through
geophysical and geological analyses, production data and
engineering studies, the results of which are often inconclusive
or subject to varying interpretations. Please read
Reserve estimates depend on many assumptions
that may turn out to be inaccurate ... for a discussion of
the uncertainty involved in these processes. Our cost of
drilling, completing and operating wells is often uncertain
before drilling commences. Overruns in budgeted
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expenditures are common risks that can make a particular project
uneconomical. Further, many factors may curtail, delay or cancel
drilling, including the following:
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delays imposed by or resulting from compliance with regulatory
requirements; |
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pressure or irregularities in geological formations; |
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shortages of or delays in obtaining equipment and qualified
personnel; |
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equipment failures or accidents; |
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adverse weather conditions, such as hurricanes and tropical
storms; |
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reductions in oil and natural gas prices; |
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title problems; and |
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limitations in the market for oil and natural gas. |
Our acquisition activities may not be successful.
As part of our growth strategy, we have made and may continue to
make acquisitions of businesses and properties. However,
suitable acquisition candidates may not continue to be available
on terms and conditions we find acceptable, and acquisitions
pose substantial risks to our business, financial condition and
results of operations. In pursuing acquisitions, we compete with
other companies, many of which have greater financial and other
resources to acquire attractive companies and properties. The
following are some of the risks associated with acquisitions,
including any future acquisitions and our recently completed
acquisitions:
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some of the acquired businesses or properties may not produce
revenues, reserves, earnings or cash flow at anticipated levels; |
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we may assume liabilities that were not disclosed to us or that
exceed our estimates; |
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we may be unable to integrate acquired businesses successfully
and realize anticipated economic, operational and other benefits
in a timely manner, which could result in substantial costs and
delays or other operational, technical or financial problems; |
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acquisitions could disrupt our ongoing business, distract
management, divert resources and make it difficult to maintain
our current business standards, controls and procedures; and |
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we may incur additional debt related to future acquisitions. |
Substantial acquisitions or other transactions could require
significant external capital and could change our risk and
property profile.
In order to finance acquisitions of additional producing
properties, we may need to alter or increase our capitalization
substantially through the issuance of debt or equity securities,
the sale of production payments or other means. These changes in
capitalization may significantly affect our risk profile.
Additionally, significant acquisitions or other transactions can
change the character of our operations and business. The
character of the new properties may be substantially different
in operating or geological characteristics or geographic
location than our existing properties. Furthermore, we may not
be able to obtain external funding for future acquisitions or
other transactions or to obtain external funding on terms
acceptable to us.
Properties that we acquire may not produce as projected, and
we may be unable to identify liabilities associated with the
properties or obtain protection from sellers against them.
Our business strategy includes a continuing acquisition program.
During 2004, we completed seven separate acquisitions of
producing properties with a combined purchase price of
$535.1 million for estimated proved reserves as of the
effective dates of the acquisitions of approximately
436.1 Bcfe,
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resulting in an aggregate cost of $1.23 per Mcfe of
estimated proved reserves. The successful acquisition of
producing properties requires assessments of many factors, which
are inherently inexact and may be inaccurate, including the
following:
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the amount of recoverable reserves; |
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future oil and natural gas prices; |
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estimates of operating costs; |
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estimates of future development costs; |
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estimates of the costs and timing of plugging and
abandonment; and |
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potential environmental and other liabilities. |
Our assessment will not reveal all existing or potential
problems, nor will it permit us to become familiar enough with
the properties to assess fully their capabilities and
deficiencies. In the course of our due diligence, we may not
inspect every well, platform or pipeline. Inspections may not
reveal structural and environmental problems, such as pipeline
corrosion or groundwater contamination, when they are made. We
may not be able to obtain contractual indemnities from the
seller for liabilities that it created. We may be required to
assume the risk of the physical condition of the properties in
addition to the risk that the properties may not perform in
accordance with our expectations.
If oil and natural gas prices decrease, we may be required to
take write-downs of the carrying values of our oil and natural
gas properties.
Accounting rules require that we review periodically the
carrying value of our oil and natural gas properties for
possible impairment. Based on specific market factors and
circumstances at the time of prospective impairment reviews, and
the continuing evaluation of development plans, production data,
economics and other factors, we may be required to write down
the carrying value of our oil and natural gas properties. A
write-down constitutes a non-cash charge to earnings. We may
incur impairment charges in the future, which could have a
material adverse effect on our results of operations in the
period taken.
Our development and exploration operations require
substantial capital and we may be unable to obtain needed
capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which could lead to
a loss of properties and a decline in our natural gas and oil
reserves.
The oil and natural gas industry is capital intensive. We make
and expect to continue to make substantial capital expenditures
in our business and operations for the exploration for and
development, production and acquisition of oil and natural gas
reserves. To date, we have financed capital expenditures
primarily with bank borrowings and cash generated by operations.
We intend to finance our future capital expenditures with cash
flow from operations and our existing financing arrangements.
Our cash flow from operations and access to capital are subject
to a number of variables, including:
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our proved reserves; |
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the level of oil and natural gas we are able to produce from
existing wells; |
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the prices at which oil and natural gas are sold; and |
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our ability to acquire, locate and produce new reserves. |
If our revenues or the borrowing base under our bank credit
agreement decreases as a result of lower oil and natural gas
prices, operating difficulties, declines in reserves or for any
other reason, then we may have limited ability to obtain the
capital necessary to sustain our operations at current levels.
We may, from time to time, need to seek additional financing.
There can be no assurance as to the availability or terms of any
additional financing.
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If additional capital is needed, then we may not be able to
obtain debt or equity financing on terms favorable to us, or at
all. If cash generated by operations or available under our
revolving credit facility is not sufficient to meet our capital
requirements, the failure to obtain additional financing could
result in a curtailment of our operations relating to
exploration and development of our prospects, which in turn
could lead to a possible loss of properties and a decline in our
natural gas and oil reserves.
Reserve estimates depend on many assumptions that may turn
out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in these reserve
estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the
quantities and present value of our reserves.
The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves is
complex. It requires interpretations of available technical data
and many assumptions, including assumptions relating to economic
factors. Any significant inaccuracies in these interpretations
or assumptions could materially affect the estimated quantities
and present value of reserves shown or incorporated by reference
in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.
In order to prepare our estimates, we must project production
rates and timing of development expenditures. We must also
analyze available geological, geophysical, production and
engineering data. The extent, quality and reliability of this
data can vary. The process also requires economic assumptions
about matters such as oil and natural gas prices, drilling and
operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and availability
of funds. Therefore, estimates of oil and natural gas reserves
are inherently imprecise.
Actual future production, oil and natural gas prices, revenues,
taxes, development expenditures, operating expenses and
quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves most
likely will vary from our estimates. Any significant variance
could materially affect the estimated quantities and present
value of reserves shown or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. In
addition, we may adjust estimates of proved reserves to reflect
production history, results of exploration and development,
prevailing oil and natural gas prices and other factors, many of
which are beyond our control.
You should not assume that the present value of future net
revenues from our proved reserves referred to in this prospectus
supplement is the current market value of our estimated oil and
natural gas reserves. In accordance with SEC requirements, we
generally base the estimated discounted future net cash flows
from our proved reserves on prices and costs on the date of the
estimate. Actual future prices and costs may differ materially
from those used in the present value estimate. If natural gas
prices decline by $0.10 per Mcf, then the pre-tax PV10%
value of our proved reserves as of January 1, 2005 would
decrease from $1,851.6 million to $1,829.3 million. If
oil prices decline by $1.00 per barrel, then the pre-tax
PV10% value of our proved reserves as of January 1, 2005
would decrease from $1,851.6 million to
$1,809.0 million.
Seasonal weather conditions and lease stipulations adversely
affect our ability to conduct drilling activities in some of the
areas where we operate.
Oil and natural gas operations in the Rocky Mountains are
adversely affected by seasonal weather conditions and lease
stipulations designed to protect various wildlife. In certain
areas drilling and other oil and natural gas activities can only
be conducted during the spring and summer months. This limits
our ability to operate in those areas and can intensify
competition during those months for drilling rigs, oil field
equipment, services, supplies and qualified personnel, which may
lead to periodic shortages. Resulting shortages or high costs
could delay our operations and materially increase our operating
and capital costs.
Prospects that we decide to drill may not yield oil or
natural gas in commercially viable quantities.
We describe some of our current prospects and our plans to
explore those prospects in our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2004, which is incorporated
by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus. A prospect is a property on which we have identified
what our geoscientists believe, based on available seismic and
geological information, to be
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indications of oil or natural gas. Our prospects are in various
stages of evaluation, ranging from a prospect which is ready to
drill to a prospect that will require substantial additional
seismic data processing and interpretation. There is no way to
predict in advance of drilling and testing whether any
particular prospect will yield oil or natural gas in sufficient
quantities to recover drilling or completion costs or to be
economically viable. The use of seismic data and other
technologies and the study of producing fields in the same area
will not enable us to know conclusively prior to drilling
whether oil or natural gas will be present or, if present,
whether oil or natural gas will be present in commercial
quantities. We cannot assure you that the analogies we draw from
available data from other wells, more fully explored prospects
or producing fields will be applicable to our drilling prospects.
We may incur substantial losses and be subject to substantial
liability claims as a result of our oil and natural gas
operations.
We are not insured against all risks. Losses and liabilities
arising from uninsured and underinsured events could materially
and adversely affect our business, financial condition or
results of operations. Our oil and natural gas exploration and
production activities are subject to all of the operating risks
associated with drilling for and producing oil and natural gas,
including the possibility of:
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environmental hazards, such as uncontrollable flows of oil,
natural gas, brine, well fluids, toxic gas or other pollution
into the environment, including groundwater and shoreline
contamination; |
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abnormally pressured formations; |
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mechanical difficulties, such as stuck oil field drilling and
service tools and casing collapse; |
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fires and explosions; |
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personal injuries and death; and |
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natural disasters. |
Any of these risks could adversely affect our ability to conduct
operations or result in substantial losses to our company. We
may elect not to obtain insurance if we believe that the cost of
available insurance is excessive relative to the risks
presented. In addition, pollution and environmental risks
generally are not fully insurable. If a significant accident or
other event occurs and is not fully covered by insurance, then
it could adversely affect us.
We have limited control over activities on properties we do
not operate, which could reduce our production and revenues.
If we do not operate the properties in which we own an interest,
we do not have control over normal operating procedures,
expenditures or future development of underlying properties. The
failure of an operator of our wells to adequately perform
operations, or an operators breach of the applicable
agreements, could reduce our production and revenues. The
success and timing of our drilling and development activities on
properties operated by others therefore depends upon a number of
factors outside of our control, including the operators
timing and amount of capital expenditures, expertise and
financial resources, inclusion of other participants in drilling
wells, and use of technology. Because we do not have a majority
interest in most wells we do not operate, we may not be in a
position to remove the operator in the event of poor performance.
Our use of 3-D seismic data is subject to interpretation and
may not accurately identify the presence of natural gas and oil,
which could adversely affect the results of our drilling
operations.
Even when properly used and interpreted, 3-D seismic data and
visualization techniques are only tools used to assist
geoscientists in identifying subsurface structures and
hydrocarbon indicators and do not enable the interpreter to know
whether hydrocarbons are, in fact, present in those structures.
In addition, the use of 3-D seismic and other advanced
technologies requires greater predrilling expenditures than
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traditional drilling strategies, and we could incur losses as a
result of such expenditures. As a result, some of our drilling
activities may not be successful or economical and our overall
drilling success rate or our drilling success rate for
activities in a particular area could decline. We often gather
3-D seismic over large areas. Our interpretation of seismic data
delineates for us those portions of an area that we believe are
desirable for drilling. Therefore, we may chose not to acquire
option or lease rights prior to acquiring seismic data and, in
many cases, we may identify hydrocarbon indicators before
seeking option or lease rights in the location. If we are not
able to lease those locations on acceptable terms, it would
result in our having made substantial expenditures to acquire
and analyze 3-D data without having an opportunity to attempt to
benefit from those expenditures.
Market conditions or operational impediments may hinder our
access to oil and natural gas markets or delay our
production.
Market conditions or the unavailability of satisfactory oil and
natural gas transportation arrangements may hinder our access to
oil and natural gas markets or delay our production. The
availability of a ready market for our oil and natural gas
production depends on a number of factors, including the demand
for and supply of oil and natural gas and the proximity of
reserves to pipelines and terminal facilities. Our ability to
market our production depends in substantial part on the
availability and capacity of gathering systems, pipelines and
processing facilities owned and operated by third parties. Our
failure to obtain such services on acceptable terms could
materially harm our business. We may be required to shut in
wells for a lack of a market or because of inadequacy or
unavailability of natural gas pipeline or gathering system
capacity. If that were to occur, then we would be unable to
realize revenue from those wells until production arrangements
were made to deliver to market.
We are subject to complex laws that can affect the cost,
manner or feasibility of doing business.
Exploration, development, production and sale of oil and natural
gas are subject to extensive federal, state, local and
international regulation. We may be required to make large
expenditures to comply with governmental regulations. Matters
subject to regulation include:
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discharge permits for drilling operations; |
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drilling bonds; |
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reports concerning operations; |
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the spacing of wells; |
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unitization and pooling of properties; and |
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taxation. |
Under these laws, we could be liable for personal injuries,
property damage and other damages. Failure to comply with these
laws also may result in the suspension or termination of our
operations and subject us to administrative, civil and criminal
penalties. Moreover, these laws could change in ways that
substantially increase our costs. Any such liabilities,
penalties, suspensions, terminations or regulatory changes could
materially adversely affect our financial condition and results
of operations.
Our operations may incur substantial liabilities to comply
with the environmental laws and regulations.
Our oil and natural gas operations are subject to stringent
federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the
release or disposal of materials into the environment or
otherwise relating to environmental protection. These laws and
regulations may require the acquisition of a permit before
drilling commences, restrict the types, quantities, and
concentration of materials that can be released into the
environment in connection with drilling and production
activities, limit or prohibit drilling activities on certain
lands lying within wilderness, wetlands, and other protected
areas, and impose substantial liabilities for pollution
resulting from our operations. Failure to comply with these laws
and regulations may result in the assessment of administrative,
civil, and criminal penalties, incurrence of investigatory or
remedial
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obligations, or the imposition of injunctive relief. Changes in
environmental laws and regulations occur frequently, and any
changes that result in more stringent or costly material
handling, storage, transport, disposal or cleanup requirements
could require us to make significant expenditures to maintain
compliance, and may otherwise have a material adverse effect on
our results of operations, competitive position, or financial
condition as well as those of the oil and natural gas industry
in general. Under these environmental laws and regulations, we
could be held strictly liable for the removal or remediation of
previously released materials or property contamination
regardless of whether we were responsible for the release or if
our operations were standard in the industry at the time they
were performed. Federal law and some state laws also allow the
government to place a lien on real property for costs incurred
by the government to address contamination on the property.
Unless we replace our oil and natural gas reserves, our
reserves and production will decline, which would adversely
affect our cash flows and income.
Unless we conduct successful development, exploitation and
exploration activities or acquire properties containing proved
reserves, our proved reserves will decline as those reserves are
produced. Producing oil and natural gas reservoirs generally are
characterized by declining production rates that vary depending
upon reservoir characteristics and other factors. Our future oil
and natural gas reserves and production, and, therefore our cash
flow and income, are highly dependent on our success in
efficiently developing and exploiting our current reserves and
economically finding or acquiring additional recoverable
reserves. We may not be able to develop, exploit, find or
acquire additional reserves to replace our current and future
production.
The loss of senior management or technical personnel could
adversely affect us.
To a large extent, we depend on the services of our senior
management and technical personnel. The loss of the services of
our senior management or technical personnel, including James J.
Volker, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer,
James T. Brown, our Vice President, Operations, J. Douglas
Lang, our Vice President, Reservoir Engineering/ Acquisitions,
David M. Seery, our Vice President of Land, Michael J. Stevens,
our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, or Mark R.
Williams, our Vice President, Exploration and Development, could
have a material adverse effect on our operations. We do not
maintain, nor do we plan to obtain, any insurance against the
loss of any of these individuals.
The unavailability or high cost of additional drilling rigs,
equipment, supplies, personnel and oil field services could
adversely affect our ability to execute on a timely basis our
exploration and development plans within our budget.
Shortages or the high cost of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies
or personnel could delay or adversely affect our development and
exploration operations, which could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition or results of
operations.
Competition in the oil and natural gas industry is intense,
which may adversely affect our ability to compete.
We operate in a highly competitive environment for acquiring
properties, marketing oil and natural gas and securing trained
personnel. Many of our competitors possess and employ financial,
technical and personnel resources substantially greater than
ours, which can be particularly important in the areas in which
we operate. Those companies may be able to pay more for
productive oil and natural gas properties and exploratory
prospects and to evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number
of properties and prospects than our financial or personnel
resources permit. Our ability to acquire additional prospects
and to find and develop reserves in the future will depend on
our ability to evaluate and select suitable properties and to
consummate transactions in a highly competitive environment.
Also, there is substantial competition for capital available for
investment in the oil and natural gas industry. We may not be
able to
S-24
compete successfully in the future in acquiring prospective
reserves, developing reserves, marketing hydrocarbons,
attracting and retaining quality personnel and raising
additional capital.
Our use of oil and natural gas price hedging contracts
involves credit risk and may limit future revenues from price
increases and result in significant fluctuations in our net
income.
We enter into hedging transactions for our oil and natural gas
production to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in the price
of oil and natural gas. Our hedging transactions have to date
consisted of financially settled crude oil and natural gas
forward sales contracts with major financial institutions. We
have contracts maturing in 2005 covering the sale of
6,000,000 MMbtu of natural gas and 1,094,000 barrels
of oil and contracts maturing in 2006 covering the sale of
750,000 MMbtu of natural gas and 250,000 barrels of
oil. Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit agreement
requires us to hedge at least 60% of our total forecasted PDP
production for the period from November 1, 2004 through
December 31, 2005. See Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure
about Market Risk in our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2004, which is incorporated
by reference into this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus, for pricing and a more detailed
discussion of our hedging transactions.
We may in the future enter into these and other types of hedging
arrangements to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in the
market prices of oil and natural gas. Hedging transactions
expose us to risk of financial loss in some circumstances,
including if production is less than expected, the other party
to the contract defaults on its obligations or there is a change
in the expected differential between the underlying price in the
hedging agreement and actual prices received. Hedging
transactions may limit the benefit we would have otherwise
received from increases in the price for oil and natural gas.
Furthermore, if we do not engage in hedging transactions, then
we may be more adversely affected by declines in oil and natural
gas prices than our competitors who engage in hedging
transactions. Additionally, hedging transactions may expose us
to cash margin requirements.
S-25
USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering will be
approximately $214.8 million after deducting the
underwriting discount and commissions and estimated offering
expenses payable by us. We intend to apply all of the net
proceeds from the sale of the notes to repay debt currently
outstanding under Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement that we incurred in connection with the following
recent acquisitions of oil and natural gas producing properties:
our March 31, 2005 acquisition of interests in five fields
in the Green River Basin of Wyoming for $65.0 million, our
December 31, 2004 acquisitions of interests in the Would
Have Field in Texas and in the Lake Como Field in Mississippi
for a total of $19.0 million, our September 30, 2004
acquisition of interests in three fields in Wyoming and Utah for
$35.0 million, and our September 23, 2004 acquisition
of interests in 17 fields in the Permian Basin of West Texas and
Southeast New Mexico for $345.0 million. Borrowings under
the credit agreement currently bear interest at the rate of
3.73% and mature in September 2008.
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our capitalization as of
March 31, 2005, on an actual basis and as adjusted to give
effect to this offering and the anticipated application of the
estimated net proceeds of this offering.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
Actual | |
|
As Adjusted | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(dollars in thousands) | |
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
16,337 |
|
|
$ |
16,337 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation credit agreement
|
|
$ |
215,000 |
|
|
$ |
240 |
|
|
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012(1)
|
|
|
149,321 |
|
|
|
149,321 |
|
|
% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013
offered hereby
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
220,000 |
|
|
Note payable to Alliant Energy Corporation
|
|
|
3,205 |
|
|
|
3,205 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
367,526 |
|
|
|
372,766 |
|
|
Current portion of long-term debt
|
|
|
(3,205 |
) |
|
|
(3,205 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt
|
|
$ |
364,321 |
|
|
$ |
369,561 |
|
Stockholders equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock: $0.001 par value, 75,000,000 shares
authorized, 29,791,922 shares issued and outstanding
|
|
$ |
30 |
|
|
$ |
30 |
|
|
Preferred stock: $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares
authorized, no shares issued or outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
458,800 |
|
|
|
458,800 |
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
185,516 |
|
|
|
185,516 |
|
Deferred compensation
|
|
|
(4,685 |
) |
|
|
(4,685 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
(16,965 |
) |
|
|
(16,965 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity
|
|
$ |
622,696 |
|
|
$ |
622,696 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization
|
|
$ |
987,017 |
|
|
$ |
992,257 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
Represents $150.0 million of
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012 issued May 11, 2004. |
S-26
DESCRIPTION OF NOTES
You can find the definitions of certain terms used in this
description under the subheading Certain
Definitions. In this description, the term
Company, us or we refers
only to Whiting Petroleum Corporation and not to any of its
subsidiaries. The term notes refers to the
Companys notes being offered hereby.
The Company will issue the notes under a subordinated indenture
among itself, the Guarantors and J.P. Morgan Trust Company,
National Association, as trustee, as supplemented by an
indenture supplement creating the notes. We refer to the
subordinated indenture, as so supplemented, as the
indenture. The terms of the notes include those
stated in the indenture and those made part of the indenture by
reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.
The following description and the description in the
accompanying prospectus are summaries of the material provisions
of the notes and the indenture. These descriptions do not
restate the indenture in its entirety. We urge you to read the
indenture because it, and not these descriptions, define your
rights as holders of the notes. We have filed copies of the
subordinated indenture and the indenture supplement that make up
the indenture as exhibits to the registration statement that
includes the accompanying prospectus. Certain defined terms used
in this description but not defined below under
Certain Definitions have the meanings
assigned to them in the indenture.
This Description of Notes replaces the description
of the general provisions of the notes and the indenture in the
accompanying prospectus to the extent that it is inconsistent
with the accompanying prospectus. The notes are an issue of
Subordinated Debt Securities as that term is used in
the accompanying prospectus.
The registered Holder of a note will be treated as the owner of
it for all purposes. Only registered Holders will have rights
under the indenture.
Brief Description of the Notes and the Subsidiary
Guarantees
The Notes. The notes:
|
|
|
are general unsecured obligations of the Company; |
|
|
are subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future
Senior Debt (as defined below) of the Company; |
|
|
are pari passu in right of payment with the outstanding 2012
Notes and any future senior subordinated Indebtedness of the
Company; and |
|
|
are unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantors on a senior
subordinated basis. |
The Subsidiary Guarantees. Initially, the notes are
guaranteed by the Companys only operating subsidiaries,
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, which we call
Whiting in this description, and Equity Oil Company,
as well as by one of the Companys other existing
subsidiaries.
Each guarantee of the notes:
|
|
|
is a general unsecured obligation of the Guarantor; |
|
|
is subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future
Senior Debt of that Guarantor; and |
|
|
is pari passu in right of payment with the guarantee of the 2012
Notes and any future senior subordinated Indebtedness of that
Guarantor. |
S-27
As of March 31, 2005, after giving effect to this offering
and the application of the net proceeds thereof as set forth
under Use of Proceeds, the Company (excluding its
subsidiaries) would have had:
|
|
|
total Senior Debt of approximately $3.2 million (excluding
its guarantee of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations credit
agreement), consisting of a note payable; |
|
|
except for the $150.0 million aggregate principal amount of
our outstanding 2012 Notes, no other senior subordinated
Indebtedness; and |
|
|
no Indebtedness contractually subordinated to the notes. |
On the same basis, the Guarantors would have had:
|
|
|
total Senior Debt of approximately $0.2 million consisting
of borrowings under Whitings credit agreement; |
|
|
except for their guarantees of the 2012 Notes, no other senior
subordinated Indebtedness; and |
|
|
no Indebtedness contractually subordinated to their guarantees
of the notes. |
As indicated above and as discussed in detail below under the
caption Subordination, payments on the
notes and under these guarantees will be subordinated to the
payment of Senior Debt. The indenture will permit us and the
Guarantors to incur additional Indebtedness, including
additional Senior Debt.
Initially, not all of our existing subsidiaries will guarantee
the notes. Furthermore, under the circumstances described below
under the subheading Certain
Covenants Additional Subsidiary Guarantees, in
the future one or more of our newly created or acquired
subsidiaries may not guarantee the notes. In the event of a
bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of any of these
non-guarantor subsidiaries, the non-guarantor subsidiaries will
pay the holders of their debt and their trade creditors before
they will be able to distribute any of their assets to us. The
non-guarantor subsidiaries have no outstanding Indebtedness
(other than intercompany Indebtedness). They generated none of
our consolidated revenues in the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2004 and held less than 1% of our consolidated
assets as of December 31, 2004.
As of the date of the indenture, all of our subsidiaries will be
Restricted Subsidiaries. However, under the
circumstances described below under the subheading
Certain Covenants Designation of
Restricted and Unrestricted Subsidiaries, we will be
permitted to designate certain of our subsidiaries as
Unrestricted Subsidiaries. Our Unrestricted
Subsidiaries will not be subject to many of the restrictive
covenants in the indenture. Our Unrestricted Subsidiaries will
not guarantee the notes.
Principal, Maturity and Interest
The Company will issue notes with an initial maximum aggregate
principal amount of $220 million. The Company may issue
additional notes from time to time after this offering. Any
offering of additional notes is subject to the covenant
described below under the caption Certain
Covenants Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of
Preferred Stock. The notes and any additional notes
subsequently issued under the indenture will be treated as a
single class for all purposes under the indenture, including,
without limitation, waivers, amendments, redemptions and offers
to purchase. The Company will issue notes in denominations of
$1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000. The notes will mature
on ,
2013.
Interest on the notes will accrue at the rate
of % per annum and will be
payable semi-annually in arrears
on and ,
commencing
on ,
2005. The Company will make each interest payment to the Holders
of record on the immediately
preceding and .
S-28
Interest on the notes will accrue from the date of original
issuance or, if interest has already been paid, from the date it
was most recently paid. Interest will be computed on the basis
of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months.
Methods of Receiving Payments on the Notes
If a Holder has given wire transfer instructions to the Company,
the Company will pay all principal, interest and premium, if
any, on that Holders notes in accordance with those
instructions. All other payments on notes will be made at the
office or agency of the paying agent within the City and State
of New York unless the Company elects to make interest payments
by check mailed to the Holders at their address set forth in the
register of Holders.
Paying Agent and Registrar for the Notes
The trustee will initially act as paying agent and registrar.
The Company may change the paying agent or registrar without
prior notice to the Holders of the notes, and the Company or any
Guarantor may act as paying agent.
Transfer and Exchange
A Holder may transfer or exchange notes in accordance with the
indenture. The Company or the trustee may require a Holder to
furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents in
connection with a transfer of notes. No service charge will be
imposed for any registration of transfer or exchange of notes,
but the Company may require Holders to pay all taxes due on
transfer. The Company is not required to transfer or exchange
any note selected for redemption. Also, the Company is not
required to transfer or exchange any note for a period of
15 days before mailing a notice of partial redemption of
the notes.
Subsidiary Guarantees
Initially, our wholly-owned Subsidiaries Whiting, Equity Oil
Company and Whiting Programs, Inc. will guarantee the notes. In
the future, the notes will be guaranteed by each of the
Companys newly created or acquired Material Domestic
Subsidiaries and by any other Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company that guarantees its other Indebtedness. See
Certain Covenants Additional
Subsidiary Guarantees. These Subsidiary Guarantees will be
joint and several obligations of the Guarantors. Each Subsidiary
Guarantee will be subordinated to the prior payment in full of
all Senior Debt of that Guarantor. The obligations of each
Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee will be limited as
necessary to prevent that Subsidiary Guarantee from constituting
a fraudulent conveyance under applicable law. See Risk
Factors Risks Relating to the Notes Any
subsidiary guarantees of the notes may be further subordinated
or avoided by a court.
A Guarantor may not sell or otherwise dispose of all or
substantially all of its properties or assets to, or consolidate
with or merge with or into (whether or not such Guarantor is the
surviving Person), another Person, other than the Company or
another Guarantor, unless:
|
|
|
(1) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no
Default or Event of Default exists; and |
|
|
(2) either: |
|
|
|
(a) the Person acquiring the properties or assets in any
such sale or other disposition or the Person formed by or
surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the
Guarantor) unconditionally assumes all the obligations of that
Guarantor, pursuant to a supplemental indenture substantially in
the form specified in the indenture, under the notes, the
indenture and its Subsidiary Guarantee on terms set forth
therein; or |
S-29
|
|
|
(b) the Net Proceeds of such sale or other disposition are
applied in accordance with the Asset Sale provisions
of the indenture. |
The Subsidiary Guarantee of a Guarantor will be released:
|
|
|
(1) in connection with any sale or
other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties
or assets of that Guarantor (including by way of merger or
consolidation) to a Person that is not (either before or after
giving effect to such transaction) a Subsidiary of the Company,
if the sale or other disposition complies with the Asset
Sale provisions of the indenture; or |
|
|
(2) in connection with any sale or
other disposition of all of the Capital Stock of that Guarantor
to a Person that is not (either before or after giving effect to
such transaction) a Subsidiary of the Company, if the sale or
other disposition complies with the Asset Sale
provisions of the indenture; or |
|
|
(3) if the Company designates any
Restricted Subsidiary that is a Guarantor as an Unrestricted
Subsidiary in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
indenture; or |
|
|
(4) upon Legal Defeasance or
Covenant Defeasance as described below under the caption
Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance
or upon satisfaction and discharge of the indenture as described
below under the caption Satisfaction and
Discharge. |
See Repurchase at the Option of
Holders Asset Sales.
Subordination
The payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on
the notes will be subordinated in right of payment, as set forth
in the indenture, to the prior payment in full in cash of all
Obligations in respect of Senior Debt of the Company, whether
outstanding on the date of the indenture or thereafter incurred.
Upon any distribution to creditors of the Company:
|
|
|
(1) in a liquidation or dissolution
of the Company; |
|
|
(2) in a bankruptcy,
reorganization, insolvency, receivership or similar proceeding
relating to the Company or its property; |
|
|
(3) in an assignment for the
benefit of creditors; or |
|
|
(4) in any marshaling of the
Companys assets and liabilities, |
the holders of Senior Debt of the Company will be entitled to
receive payment in full in cash of all Obligations due in
respect of such Senior Debt (including interest after the
commencement of any bankruptcy proceeding at the rate specified
in the applicable Senior Debt, whether or not an allowable claim
in any such proceeding) before the Holders of notes will be
entitled to receive any payment with respect to the notes, and
until all Obligations with respect to such Senior Debt are paid
in full in cash, any distribution to which the Holders of notes
would be entitled shall be made to the holders of such Senior
Debt (except, in each case, that Holders of notes may receive
and retain Permitted Junior Securities and payments made from a
trust described under Legal Defeasance and
Covenant Defeasance or Satisfaction and
Discharge).
The Company also may not make any payment with respect to the
notes (other than Permitted Junior Securities or from a trust
described under Legal Defeasance and Covenant
Defeasance or Satisfaction and
Discharge) if:
|
|
|
(1) a default in the payment of the
principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, or any other
Obligation in respect of, any Designated Senior Debt occurs and
is continuing beyond any applicable grace period; or |
S-30
|
|
|
(2) any other default occurs and is
continuing with respect to any Designated Senior Debt that
permits holders of such Designated Senior Debt to accelerate its
maturity (or that would permit such holders to accelerate with
the giving of notice or the passage of time or both) and the
trustee receives a notice of such default (a Payment
Blockage Notice) from the Company or the holders of such
Designated Senior Debt. |
Except as provided in the second preceding paragraph, payments
on the notes may and will be resumed:
|
|
|
(1) in the case of a payment
default, upon the date on which such default is cured or
waived; and |
|
|
(2) in the case of a nonpayment
default, upon the earlier of the date on which such nonpayment
default is cured or waived or 179 days after the date on
which the applicable Payment Blockage Notice is received, unless
the maturity of any Designated Senior Debt has been accelerated. |
No new Payment Blockage Notice may be delivered unless and until
360 days have elapsed since the delivery of the immediately
prior Payment Blockage Notice.
No nonpayment default that existed or was continuing with
respect to any Designated Senior Debt on the date of delivery of
any Payment Blockage Notice to the trustee with respect to such
Designated Senior Debt will be, or be made, the basis for a
subsequent Payment Blockage Notice unless such default has been
cured or waived for a period of not less than 90 days.
In the event that the trustee or any Holder receives any payment
of any Obligations with respect to the notes (other than
Permitted Junior Securities or from a trust described under
Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance
or Satisfaction and Discharge) at a time
when such payment is prohibited by these subordination
provisions, such payment shall be held by the trustee or such
Holder, in trust for the benefit of, and will be paid over and
delivered, as provided in the indenture, to the holders of
Senior Debt or their proper representative.
The indenture further requires the Company to promptly notify
holders of Designated Senior Debt if payment of the notes is
accelerated because of an Event of Default.
The Subsidiary Guarantee of each Guarantor will be subordinated
to the Senior Debt of such Guarantor generally to the same
extent and in the same manner as the notes are subordinated to
the Senior Debt of the Company.
As a result of the subordination provisions described above, in
the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization or
similar proceeding of the Company, Holders of notes may recover
less ratably than creditors of the Company who are holders of
its Senior Debt. See Risk Factors Risks
Relating to the Notes The notes and the subsidiary
guarantees are subordinated to the senior debt of us and the
subsidiary guarantors, respectively, and are effectively
subordinated to our and the subsidiary guarantors secured
debt.
Optional Redemption
At any time prior
to ,
2008, the Company may on any one or more occasions redeem up to
35% of the aggregate principal amount of notes issued under the
indenture at a redemption price
of % of the principal amount, plus
accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date
(subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant
record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date
that is on or prior to the redemption date), with the net cash
proceeds of one or more Equity Offerings by the Company,
provided that:
|
|
|
(1) at least 65% of the aggregate
principal amount of notes issued under the indenture remains
outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption
(excluding notes held by the Company and its
Subsidiaries); and |
S-31
|
|
|
(2) the redemption occurs within
120 days of the date of the closing of such Equity Offering. |
Except pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the notes will not
be redeemable at the Companys option prior
to ,
2009.
On and
after ,
2009, the Company may redeem all or a part of the notes upon not
less than 30 nor more than 60 days notice, at the
redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount)
set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on
the notes redeemed to the applicable redemption date (subject to
the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to
receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or
prior to the redemption date), if redeemed during the
twelve-month period beginning
on of
the years indicated below:
|
|
|
|
|
Year |
|
Percentage | |
|
|
| |
2009
|
|
|
% |
|
2010
|
|
|
% |
|
2011 and thereafter
|
|
|
100.0000% |
|
If less than all of the notes are to be redeemed at any time,
the trustee will select notes for redemption as follows:
|
|
|
(1) if the notes are listed on any
national securities exchange, in compliance with the
requirements of the principal national securities exchange on
which the notes are listed; or |
|
|
(2) if the notes are not listed on
any national securities exchange, on a pro rata basis. |
No notes of $1,000 or less can be redeemed in part. Notices of
redemption will be mailed by first class mail at least 30 but
not more than 60 days before the redemption date to each
Holder of notes to be redeemed at its registered address, except
that redemption notices may be mailed more than 60 days
prior to a redemption date if the notice is issued in connection
with a defeasance of the notes or a satisfaction and discharge
of the indenture. Notices of redemption may not be conditional.
If any note is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of
redemption that relates to that note will state the portion of
the principal amount of that note that is to be redeemed. A new
note in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the
original note will be issued in the name of the Holder of notes
upon cancellation of the original note. Notes called for
redemption become due on the date fixed for redemption. On and
after the redemption date, interest ceases to accrue on notes or
portions of them called for redemption.
Mandatory Redemption
Except as set forth below under Repurchase at
the Option of Holders, the Company is not required to make
mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to
the notes or to repurchase the notes at the option of the
Holders.
Repurchase at the Option of Holders
If a Change of Control occurs, each Holder of notes will have
the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part
(equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000) of that
Holders notes pursuant to a Change of Control Offer on the
terms set forth in the indenture. In the Change of Control
Offer, the Company will offer a Change of Control Payment in
cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of notes
repurchased plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the
notes repurchased, to the date of settlement (the Change
of Control Settlement Date), subject to the right of
Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive
interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to
S-32
the Change of Control Settlement Date. Within 30 days
following any Change of Control, the Company will mail a notice
to each Holder and the Trustee describing the transaction or
transactions that constitute the Change of Control and offering
to repurchase notes as of the Change of Control Purchase Date
specified in the notice, which date will be no earlier than
30 days and no later than 60 days from the date such
notice is mailed, pursuant to the procedures required by the
indenture and described in such notice.
The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1
under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and
regulations thereunder to the extent those laws and regulations
are applicable in connection with the repurchase of the notes as
a result of a Change of Control. To the extent that the
provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with
the Change of Control provisions of the indenture, the Company
will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations
and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under
the Change of Control provisions of the indenture by virtue of
such conflict.
On the Change of Control Purchase Date, the Company will, to the
extent lawful, accept for payment all notes or portions of notes
properly tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer.
Promptly thereafter on the Change of Control Settlement Date the
Company will:
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(1) deposit with the paying agent
an amount equal to the Change of Control Payment in respect of
all notes or portions of notes properly tendered; and |
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(2) deliver or cause to be
delivered to the trustee the notes properly accepted together
with an officers certificate stating the aggregate
principal amount of notes or portions of notes being purchased
by the Company. |
On the Change of Control Settlement Date, the paying agent will
mail to each Holder of notes properly tendered the Change of
Control Payment for such notes (or, if all the notes are then in
global form, make such payment through the facilities of DTC),
and the trustee will authenticate and mail (or cause to be
transferred by book entry) to each Holder a new note equal in
principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the notes
surrendered, if any; provided that each new note will be
in a principal amount of $1,000 or an integral multiple of
$1,000. The Company will publicly announce the results of the
Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the
Change of Control Payment Date.
Prior to complying with any of the provisions of this
Change of Control covenant, but in any event no
later than the Change of Control Purchase Date, the Company will
either repay all outstanding Senior Debt or obtain the requisite
consents, if any, under all agreements governing outstanding
Senior Debt to permit the repurchase of notes required by this
covenant.
The provisions described above that require the Company to make
a Change of Control Offer following a Change of Control will be
applicable whether or not any other provisions of the indenture
are applicable. Except as described above with respect to a
Change of Control, the indenture does not contain provisions
that permit the Holders of the notes to require that the Company
repurchase or redeem the notes in the event of a takeover,
recapitalization or similar transaction.
The Company will not be required to make a Change of Control
Offer upon a Change of Control if a third party makes the Change
of Control Offer in the manner, at the time and otherwise in
compliance with the requirements set forth in the indenture
applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by the Company and
purchases all notes properly tendered and not withdrawn under
the Change of Control Offer.
The definition of Change of Control includes a phrase relating
to the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or
other disposition of all or substantially all of the
properties or assets of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Although there is a limited body
of case law interpreting the phrase substantially
all, there is no precise established definition of the
phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, the ability of a
Holder of notes to require the Company to repurchase its notes
as a result of a sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other
disposition of less than all of the assets of the Company and
its Subsidiaries taken as a whole to another Person or group may
be uncertain.
S-33
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, consummate an Asset Sale unless:
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(1) the Company (or the Restricted
Subsidiary, as the case may be) receives consideration at the
time of the Asset Sale at least equal to the fair market value
of the assets or Equity Interests issued or sold or otherwise
disposed of; |
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(2) the fair market value is
determined by the Companys Board of Directors and
evidenced by a resolution of the Board of Directors set forth in
an officers certificate delivered to the trustee; and |
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(3) at least 75% of the
consideration received in the Asset Sale by the Company or such
Restricted Subsidiary is in the form of cash. For purposes of
this provision, each of the following will be deemed to be cash: |
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(a) any liabilities, as shown on
the Companys or such Restricted Subsidiarys most
recent balance sheet, of the Company or any Subsidiary (other
than contingent liabilities and liabilities that are by their
terms subordinated to the notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee)
that are assumed by the transferee of any such assets pursuant
to a customary novation agreement that releases the Company or
such Subsidiary from further liability; and |
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(b) any securities, notes or other
obligations received by the Company or any such Restricted
Subsidiary from such transferee that are contemporaneously,
subject to ordinary settlement periods, converted by the Company
or such Subsidiary into cash, to the extent of the cash received
in that conversion. |
Within 360 days after the receipt of any Net Proceeds from
an Asset Sale, the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary may
apply those Net Proceeds at its option to any combination of the
following:
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(I) to repay Senior Debt and, if
the Senior Debt repaid is revolving credit Indebtedness, to
correspondingly reduce commitments with respect thereto; |
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(II) to acquire all or
substantially all of the properties or assets of one or more
other Persons primarily engaged in the Oil and Gas Business,
and, for this purpose, a division or line of business of a
Person shall be treated as a separate Person; |
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(III) to acquire a majority of the
Voting Stock of one or more other Persons primarily engaged in
the Oil and Gas Business; |
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(IV) to make one or more capital
expenditures; or |
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(V) to acquire other long-term
assets that are used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business. |
Pending the final application of any Net Proceeds, the Company
or any such Restricted Subsidiary may temporarily reduce
revolving credit borrowings or otherwise invest the Net Proceeds
in any manner that is not prohibited by the indenture. Any Net
Proceeds from Asset Sales that are not applied or invested as
provided in the preceding paragraph will constitute Excess
Proceeds.
On the 361st day after the Asset Sale (or, at the
Companys option, any earlier date), if the aggregate
amount of Excess Proceeds then exceeds $20.0 million, the
Company will make an Asset Sale Offer to all Holders of notes,
and all holders of other Indebtedness that is pari passu with
the notes containing provisions similar to those set forth in
the indenture with respect to offers to purchase or redeem with
the proceeds of sales of assets, to purchase the maximum
principal amount of notes and such other pari passu Indebtedness
that may be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds. The offer
price in any Asset Sale Offer will be equal to 100% of principal
amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of
settlement, subject to the right of Holders of record on the
relevant record date to receive interest
S-34
due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the date
of settlement, and will be payable in cash. If any Excess
Proceeds remain after consummation of an Asset Sale Offer, the
Company may use those Excess Proceeds for any purpose not
otherwise prohibited by the indenture. If the aggregate
principal amount of notes and other pari passu Indebtedness
tendered into such Asset Sale Offer exceeds the amount of Excess
Proceeds, the trustee will select the notes and such other pari
passu Indebtedness to be purchased on a pro rata basis. Upon
completion of each Asset Sale Offer, the amount of Excess
Proceeds will be reset at zero.
The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1
under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and
regulations thereunder to the extent those laws and regulations
are applicable in connection with each repurchase of notes
pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer. To the extent that the
provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with
the Asset Sale provisions of the indenture, the Company will
comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and
will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under the
Asset Sale provisions of the indenture by virtue of such
conflict.
The Companys Credit Agreement will prohibit the Company
from purchasing any notes, and also provides that certain change
of control or asset sale events with respect to the Company
would constitute a default or require repayment of the Senior
Debt. Any future credit agreements or other agreements relating
to Senior Debt to which the Company becomes a party may contain
similar restrictions and provisions. In the event a Change of
Control or Asset Sale occurs at a time when the Company is
prohibited from purchasing notes, the Company could seek the
consent of its senior lenders to the purchase of notes or could
attempt to refinance the borrowings that contain such
prohibition. If the Company does not obtain such a consent or
repay such borrowings, the Company will remain prohibited from
purchasing notes. In such case, the Companys failure to
purchase tendered notes would constitute an Event of Default
under the indenture which would, in turn, constitute a default
under such Senior Debt. In such circumstances, the subordination
provisions in the indenture would likely restrict payments to
the Holders of notes.
Certain Covenants
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:
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(1) declare or pay any dividend or
make any other payment or distribution on account of the
Companys or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries
Equity Interests (including, without limitation, any payment in
connection with any merger or consolidation involving the
Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) or to the direct
or indirect holders of the Companys or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries Equity Interests in their capacity
as such (other than dividends or distributions payable in Equity
Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company or
payable to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company); |
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(2) purchase, redeem or otherwise
acquire or retire for value (including, without limitation, in
connection with any merger or consolidation involving the
Company) any Equity Interests of the Company or any direct or
indirect parent of the Company; |
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(3) make any payment on or with
respect to, or purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or
retire for value any Indebtedness that is subordinated to the
notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, except a payment of interest
or principal at the Stated Maturity thereof; or |
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(4) make any Restricted Investment
(all such payments and other actions set forth in these
clauses (1) through (4) above being collectively referred
to as Restricted Payments), |
unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such
Restricted Payment:
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(1) no Default or Event of Default
has occurred and is continuing or would occur as a consequence
of such Restricted Payment; |
S-35
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(2) the Company would, at the time
of such Restricted Payment and after giving pro forma effect
thereto as if such Restricted Payment had been made at the
beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, have been
permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness
pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in
the first paragraph of the covenant described below under the
caption Incurrence of Indebtedness and
Issuance of Preferred Stock; and |
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(3) such Restricted Payment,
together with the aggregate amount of all other Restricted
Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries
after the date of the indenture for the 2012 Notes, May 11,
2004 (excluding Restricted Payments permitted by
clauses (2), (3), (4), (6) and (7) of the next
succeeding paragraph), is less than the sum, without
duplication, of: |
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(a) 50% of the Consolidated Net
Income of the Company for the period (taken as one accounting
period) from April 1, 2004 to the end of the Companys
most recently ended fiscal quarter for which internal financial
statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment
(or, if such Consolidated Net Income for such period is a
deficit, less 100% of such deficit), plus |
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(b) 100% of the aggregate net cash
proceeds received by the Company (including the fair market
value of any Additional Assets to the extent acquired in
consideration of Equity Interests of the Company (other than
Disqualified Stock)) since May 11, 2004 as a contribution
to its common equity capital or from the issue or sale of Equity
Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock) or from
the issue or sale of convertible or exchangeable Disqualified
Stock or convertible or exchangeable debt securities of the
Company that have been converted into or exchanged for such
Equity Interests (other than Equity Interests (or Disqualified
Stock or debt securities) sold to a Subsidiary of the Company),
plus |
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(c) to the extent that any
Restricted Investment that was made after the date of the
indenture for the 2012 Notes is sold for cash or otherwise
liquidated or repaid for cash, the lesser of (i) the cash
return of capital with respect to such Restricted Investment
(less the cost of disposition, if any) and (ii) the initial
amount of such Restricted Investment, plus |
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(d) to the extent that any
Unrestricted Subsidiary of the Company is redesignated as a
Restricted Subsidiary after the date of the indenture for the
2012 Notes, the lesser of (i) the fair market value of the
Companys Investment in such Subsidiary as of the date of
such redesignation or (ii) such fair market value as of the
date on which such Subsidiary was originally designated as an
Unrestricted Subsidiary. |
So long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is
continuing or would be caused thereby, the preceding provisions
will not prohibit:
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(1) the payment of any dividend
within 60 days after the date of declaration of the
dividend, if at the date of declaration the dividend payment
would have complied with the provisions of the indenture; |
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(2) the redemption, repurchase,
retirement, defeasance or other acquisition of any subordinated
Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor or of any Equity
Interests of the Company in exchange for, or out of the net cash
proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale (other than to a
Subsidiary of the Company) of, Equity Interests of the Company
(other than Disqualified Stock); provided that the amount
of any such net cash proceeds that are utilized for any such
redemption, repurchase, retirement, defeasance or other
acquisition will be excluded from clause (3)(b) of the
preceding paragraph; |
S-36
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(3) the defeasance, redemption,
repurchase, retirement or other acquisition of subordinated
Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor with the net cash
proceeds from an incurrence of, or in exchange for, Permitted
Refinancing Indebtedness; |
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(4) the payment of any dividend by
a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to the holders of its
Equity Interests on a pro rata basis; |
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(5) the repurchase, redemption or
other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity
Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company held by any current or former director or employee of
the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to
any director or employee equity subscription agreement or plan,
stock option agreement or similar agreement or plan; provided
that the aggregate price paid for all such repurchased,
redeemed, acquired or retired Equity Interests may not exceed
$1.0 million in any twelve-month period; |
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(6) the acquisition of Equity
Interests by the Company in connection with the exercise of
stock options or stock appreciation rights by way of cashless
exercise; |
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(7) the payment of cash in lieu of
fractional shares of Capital Stock in connection with any
transaction otherwise permitted under this covenant; or |
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(8) other Restricted Payments in an
aggregate amount since the date of the indenture for the 2012
Notes not to exceed $10.0 million. |
The amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) will be
the fair market value on the date of the Restricted Payment of
the asset(s) or securities proposed to be transferred or issued
by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may
be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment. The fair market value of
any assets or securities that are required to be valued by this
covenant will be determined by the Board of Directors, whose
determination shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution. The
Board of Directors determination must be based upon an
opinion or appraisal issued by an accounting, appraisal or
investment banking firm of national standing if the fair market
value exceeds $10.0 million. Not later than the date of
making any Restricted Payment (excluding any Restricted Payment
described in the preceding clause (2), (3), (4),
(6) or (7)) the Company will deliver to the trustee an
officers certificate stating that such Restricted Payment
is permitted and setting forth the basis upon which the
calculations required by this Restricted Payments
covenant were computed, together with a copy of any fairness
opinion or appraisal required by the indenture. For purposes of
determining compliance with this Restricted Payments
covenant, in the event that a Restricted Payment meets the
criteria of more than one of the categories of Restricted
Payments described in the preceding clauses (1) (8),
the Company will be permitted to classify (or later classify or
reclassify in whole or in part in its sole discretion) such
Restricted Payment in any manner that complies with this
covenant.
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Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred
Stock |
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, issue,
assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly
liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to
(collectively, incur) any Indebtedness (including
Acquired Debt), neither the Company nor any Guarantor will issue
any Disqualified Stock, and the Company will not permit any of
its other Restricted Subsidiaries to issue any shares of
preferred stock; provided, however, that the Company and
any Guarantor may incur Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt)
or issue Disqualified Stock, if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio
for the Companys most recently ended four full fiscal
quarters for which internal financial statements are available
immediately preceding the date on which such additional
Indebtedness is incurred or such Disqualified Stock is issued
would have been at least 2.0 to 1.0, determined on a pro forma
basis (including a pro forma application of the net proceeds
therefrom), as if the additional Indebtedness had been incurred
or Disqualified Stock had been issued, as the case may be, at
the beginning of such four-quarter period.
S-37
The first paragraph of this covenant will not prohibit the
incurrence of any of the following items of Indebtedness
(collectively, Permitted Debt):
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(1) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of additional Indebtedness
(including letters of credit) under one or more Credit
Facilities in an aggregate principal amount at any one time
outstanding under this clause (1) (with letters of credit
being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the maximum
potential liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries
thereunder) not to exceed an amount equal to the greater of
(a) $210.0 million and (b) 15% of ACNTA as of the
date of such incurrence; |
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(2) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of the Existing
Indebtedness; |
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(3) the incurrence by the Company
and the Guarantors of Indebtedness represented by the notes
issued and sold in this offering and the related Subsidiary
Guarantees to be issued on the date of the indenture; |
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(4) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness
represented by Capital Lease Obligations, mortgage financings or
purchase money obligations, in each case, incurred for the
purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price or
cost of construction or improvement of property, plant or
equipment used in the business of the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary, in an aggregate principal amount, including all
Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness incurred to refund, refinance
or replace any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this
clause (4), not to exceed $10.0 million at any time
outstanding; |
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(5) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Permitted Refinancing
Indebtedness in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are
used to refund, refinance or replace Indebtedness (other than
intercompany Indebtedness) that was permitted by the indenture
to be incurred under the first paragraph of this covenant or
clause (2) or (3) of this paragraph or this
clause (5); |
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(6) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of intercompany
Indebtedness between or among the Company and any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, however, that: |
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(a) if the Company is the obligor
on such Indebtedness and a Guarantor is not the obligee, such
Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment
in full in cash of all Obligations with respect to the notes, or
if a Guarantor is the obligor on such Indebtedness and neither
the Company nor another Guarantor is the obligee, such
Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment
in full in cash of all Obligations with respect to the
Subsidiary Guarantee of such Guarantor; and |
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(b) (i) any subsequent
issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any
such Indebtedness being held by a Person other than the Company
or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company and (ii) any sale
or other transfer of any such Indebtedness to a Person that is
neither the Company nor a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company
will be deemed, in each case, to constitute an incurrence of
such Indebtedness by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary,
as the case may be, that was not permitted by this
clause (6); |
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(7) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Hedging Obligations; |
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(8) the guarantee by the Company or
any of the Guarantors of Indebtedness of the Company or any
Guarantor that was permitted to be incurred by another provision
of this covenant; |
S-38
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(9) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of obligations relating to
net gas balancing positions arising in the ordinary course of
business and consistent with past practice; |
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(10) the incurrence by the
Companys Unrestricted Subsidiaries of Non-Recourse Debt;
provided, however, that if any such Indebtedness ceases
to be Non-Recourse Debt of an Unrestricted Subsidiary, such
event will be deemed to constitute an incurrence of Indebtedness
by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that was not permitted
by this clause (10); |
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(11) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness in respect
of bid, performance, surety and similar bonds issued for the
account of the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in
the ordinary course of business, including guarantees and
obligations of the Company and any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries with respect to letters of credit supporting such
obligations (in each other than an obligation for money
borrowed); |
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(12) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness arising
from agreements of the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries providing for indemnification, adjustment of
purchase price or similar obligations, in each case, incurred or
assumed in connection with the disposition of any business,
assets or Capital Stock of a Subsidiary, provided that
the maximum aggregate liability in respect of all such
Indebtedness shall at no time exceed the gross proceeds actually
received by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in
connection with such disposition; and |
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(13) the incurrence by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of additional Indebtedness
in an aggregate principal amount (or accreted value, as
applicable) at any time outstanding, not to exceed
$25.0 million. |
For purposes of determining compliance with this
Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred
Stock covenant, in the event that an item of Indebtedness
(including Acquired Debt) meets the criteria of more than one of
the categories of Permitted Debt described in clauses (1)
through (13) above, or is entitled to be incurred pursuant to
the first paragraph of this covenant, the Company will be
permitted to classify (or later classify or reclassify in whole
or in part in its sole discretion) such item of Indebtedness in
any manner that complies with this covenant. Any indebtedness
under Credit Facilities on the date of the indenture shall be
considered incurred under the first paragraph of this covenant.
The accrual of interest, the accretion or amortization of
original issue discount, the payment of interest on any
Indebtedness in the form of additional Indebtedness with the
same terms, and the payment of dividends on Disqualified Stock
in the form of additional shares of the same class of
Disqualified Stock will not be deemed to be an incurrence of
Indebtedness or an issuance of Disqualified Stock for purposes
of this covenant; provided, in each such case, that the
amount thereof is included in Fixed Charges of the Company as
accrued.
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No Senior Subordinated Debt |
The Company will not incur, create, issue, assume, guarantee or
otherwise become liable for any Indebtedness that is subordinate
or junior in right of payment to any Senior Debt of the Company
and senior in any respect in right of payment to the notes. No
Guarantor will incur, create, issue, assume, guarantee or
otherwise become liable for any Indebtedness that is subordinate
or junior in right of payment to the Senior Debt of such
Guarantor and senior in any respect in right of payment to such
Guarantors Subsidiary Guarantee.
The Company will not and will not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, create, incur, assume or otherwise cause or
suffer to exist or become effective any Lien of any kind (other
than Permitted Liens) securing Indebtedness or Attributable Debt
upon any of their property or assets, now
S-39
owned or hereafter acquired, unless the notes or any Subsidiary
Guarantee of such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, is
secured on an equal and ratable basis (or on a senior basis to,
in the case of obligations subordinated in right of payment to
the notes or such Subsidiary Guarantee, as the case may be) with
the obligations so secured until such time as such obligations
are no longer secured by a Lien.
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Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting
Subsidiaries |
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create or permit to
exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or
restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to:
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(1) pay dividends or make any other distributions on its
Capital Stock to the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries, or pay any Indebtedness or other obligations owed
to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; |
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(2) make loans or advances to the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries; or |
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(3) transfer any of its properties or assets to the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. |
However, the preceding restrictions will not apply to
encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of:
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(1) agreements governing Existing Indebtedness and Credit
Facilities as in effect on the date of the indenture and any
amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases,
supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings of those
agreements, provided that the amendments, modifications,
restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings,
replacement or refinancings are not materially more restrictive,
taken as a whole, with respect to such dividend and other
payment restrictions than those contained in those agreements on
the date of the indenture; |
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(2) the indenture, the notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees; |
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(3) applicable law; |
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(4) any instrument governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock
of a Person acquired by the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of such acquisition, which
encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or
the properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person,
or the property or assets of the Person, so acquired,
provided that, in the case of Indebtedness, such
Indebtedness was permitted by the terms of the indenture to be
incurred; |
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(5) customary non-assignment provisions in leases entered
into in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past
practices; |
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(6) purchase money obligations for property acquired in the
ordinary course of business that impose restrictions on that
property of the nature described in clause (3) of the
preceding paragraph; |
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(7) any agreement for the sale or other disposition of a
Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that restricts
distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary pending its sale or
other disposition; |
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(8) Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness, provided
that the restrictions contained in the agreements governing
such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness are not materially more
restrictive, taken as a whole, than those contained in the
agreements governing the Indebtedness being refinanced; |
S-40
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(9) Liens securing Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be
incurred under the provisions of the covenant described above
under the caption Liens that limit the
right of the debtor to dispose of the assets subject to such
Liens; |
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(10) provisions with respect to the disposition or
distribution of assets or property in joint venture agreements,
asset sale agreements, stock sale agreements, agreements
respecting Permitted Business Investments and other similar
agreements entered into in the ordinary course of
business; and |
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(11) restrictions on cash or other deposits or net worth
imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the
ordinary course of business. |
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Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets |
The Company may not, directly or indirectly:
(1) consolidate or merge with or into another Person
(whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation); or
(2) sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise
dispose of all or substantially all of the properties or assets
of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole,
in one or more related transactions, to another Person, unless:
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(1) either: (a) the Company is the surviving
corporation; or (b) the Person formed by or surviving any
such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or to
which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or
other disposition has been made is a corporation organized or
existing under the laws of the United States, any state of the
United States or the District of Columbia; |
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(2) the Person formed by or surviving any such
consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or the
Person to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease,
conveyance or other disposition has been made assumes all the
obligations of the Company under the notes and the indenture
pursuant to agreements reasonably satisfactory to the trustee; |
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(3) immediately after such transaction no Default or Event
of Default exists; |
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(4) the Company or the Person formed by or surviving any
such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company), or to
which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or
other disposition has been made will, on the date of such
transaction after giving pro forma effect thereto and any
related financing transactions as if the same had occurred at
the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, be
permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness
pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in
the first paragraph of the covenant described above under the
caption Incurrence of Indebtedness and
Issuance of Preferred Stock; and |
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(5) the Company shall have delivered to the trustee an
officers certificate and an opinion of counsel, each
stating that such consolidation, merger or disposition and such
supplemental indenture (if any) comply with the indenture. |
Although there is a limited body of case law interpreting the
phrase substantially all, there is no precise
established definition of the phrase under applicable law.
Accordingly, in certain circumstances there may be a degree of
uncertainty as to whether a particular transaction would involve
all or substantially all of the properties or assets
of a Person.
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Transactions with Affiliates |
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, make any payment to, or sell, lease, transfer
or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets to, or
purchase any property or assets from, or enter into or make or
amend any transaction, contract, agreement,
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understanding, loan, advance or guarantee with, or for the
benefit of, any Affiliate (each, an Affiliate
Transaction), unless:
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(1) the Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are no less
favorable to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary
than those that would have been obtained in a comparable
transaction by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary with an
unrelated Person; and |
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(2) the Company delivers to the trustee: |
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(a) with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of
related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration
in excess of $15.0 million, a resolution of the Board of
Directors set forth in an officers certificate certifying
that such Affiliate Transaction complies with this covenant and
that such Affiliate Transaction has been approved by a majority
of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors; and |
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(b) with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of
related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration
in excess of $25.0 million, a written opinion as to the
fairness to the Holders of such Affiliate Transaction from a
financial point of view issued by an accounting, appraisal or
investment banking firm of national standing. |
The following items will not be deemed to be Affiliate
Transactions and, therefore, will not be subject to the
provisions of the prior paragraph:
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(1) any employment or severance agreement or other employee
compensation agreement, arrangement or plan, or any amendment
thereto, entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business; |
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(2) transactions between or among any of the Company and
its Restricted Subsidiaries; |
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(3) transactions with a Person that is an Affiliate of the
Company solely because the Company owns an Equity Interest in
such Person; |
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(4) payment of reasonable directors fees and other
benefits to persons who are not otherwise Affiliates of the
Company; |
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(5) provision of officers and directors
indemnification and insurance in the ordinary course of business
to the extent permitted by law; |
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(6) transactions with any Income Fund Partnership in
the ordinary course of business and consistent with past
practices; |
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(7) sales of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified
Stock) to Affiliates of the Company; and |
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(8) Restricted Payments that are permitted by the
provisions of the indenture described above under the caption
Restricted Payments. |
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Designation of Restricted and Unrestricted
Subsidiaries |
The Board of Directors of the Company may designate any
Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to be an Unrestricted
Subsidiary if that designation would not cause a Default. If a
Restricted Subsidiary of the Company is designated as an
Unrestricted Subsidiary, the aggregate fair market value of all
outstanding Investments owned by the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries in the Subsidiary properly designated will be
deemed to be an Investment made as of the time of the
designation and will reduce the amount available for Restricted
Payments under the first paragraph of the covenant described
above under the caption Restricted
Payments or represent Permitted Investments, as determined
by the Company. That designation will only be permitted if the
Investment would be permitted at that time and if the Subsidiary
so designated otherwise meets the definition of an Unrestricted
Subsidiary.
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The Board of Directors of the Company may at any time designate
any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company; provided that such designation will be deemed to
be an incurrence of Indebtedness by a Restricted Subsidiary of
the Company of any outstanding Indebtedness of such Unrestricted
Subsidiary and such designation will only be permitted if
(1) such Indebtedness is permitted under the covenant
described above under the caption Incurrence
of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock,
calculated on a pro forma basis as if such designation had
occurred at the beginning of the four-quarter reference period,
and (2) no Default or Event of Default would be in
existence following such designation.
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Additional Subsidiary Guarantees |
If the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries acquires or
creates another Material Domestic Subsidiary after the date of
the indenture, or if any Restricted Subsidiary that is not
already a Guarantor guarantees any other Indebtedness of the
Company after such date, then in either case that Subsidiary
will become a Guarantor by executing a supplemental indenture
and delivering it to the trustee within 20 Business Days of the
date on which it was acquired or created or guaranteed
Indebtedness of the Company, as the case may be; provided,
however, that the foregoing shall not apply to Subsidiaries
of the Company that have properly been designated as
Unrestricted Subsidiaries in accordance with the indenture for
so long as they continue to constitute Unrestricted Subsidiaries.
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Sale and Leaseback Transactions |
The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to, enter into any sale and leaseback transaction;
provided that the Company or any Guarantor may enter into
a sale and leaseback transaction if:
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(1) the Company or that Guarantor, as applicable, could
have (a) incurred Indebtedness in an amount equal to the
Attributable Debt relating to such sale and leaseback
transaction under the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test in the
first paragraph of the covenant described above under the
caption Incurrence of Indebtedness and
Issuance of Preferred Stock and (b) incurred a Lien
to secure such Indebtedness pursuant to the covenant described
above under the caption Liens; |
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(2) the gross cash proceeds of that sale and leaseback
transaction are at least equal to the fair market value, as
determined in good faith by the Board of Directors and set forth
in an officers certificate delivered to the trustee, of
the property that is the subject of that sale and leaseback
transaction; and |
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(3) the transfer of assets in that sale and leaseback
transaction is permitted by, and the Company applies the
proceeds of such transaction in compliance with, the covenant
described above under the caption Repurchase
at the Option of Holders Asset Sales. |
The Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted
Subsidiary to, engage in any business other than the Oil and Gas
Business, except to such extent as would not be material to the
Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
Whether or not required by the Commission, so long as any notes
are outstanding, the Company will file with the Commission for
public availability within the time periods specified in the
Commissions rules and regulations (unless the Commission
will not accept such a filing), and the Company will furnish
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to the trustee and, upon its request, to any of the Holders of
notes, within five Business Days of filing, or attempting to
file, the same with the Commission:
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(1) all quarterly and annual financial and other
information with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries
that would be required to be contained in a filing with the
Commission on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company were
required to file such Forms, including a Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations and, with respect to the annual information
only, a report on the annual financial statements by the
Companys certified independent accountants; and |
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(2) all current reports that would be required to be filed
with the Commission on Form 8-K if the Company were
required to file such reports. |
If the Company has designated any of its Subsidiaries as
Unrestricted Subsidiaries, then the quarterly and annual
financial information required by the preceding paragraph will
include a reasonably detailed presentation, either on the face
of the financial statements or in the footnotes thereto, and in
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations, of the financial condition and
results of operations of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries separate from the financial condition and results
of operations of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries of the Company.
Events of Default and Remedies
In lieu of the Events of Default described in the accompanying
prospectus under Description of Debt
Securities Events of Default, each of the
following is an Event of Default with respect to the notes:
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(1) default for 30 days in the payment when due of
interest on the notes, whether or not prohibited by the
subordination provisions of the indenture; |
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(2) default in payment when due of the principal of, or
premium, if any, on the notes, whether or not prohibited by the
subordination provisions of the indenture; |
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(3) failure by the Company to comply with the provisions
described under the captions Certain
Covenants Restricted Payments,
Certain Covenants Incurrence of
Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock or
Certain Covenants Merger,
Consolidation or Sale of Assets; |
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(4) failure by the Company to comply with the provisions
described under the captions Repurchase at the
Option of Holders Asset Sales or
Repurchase at the Option of
Holders Change of Control; |
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(5) failure by the Company for 60 days after notice to
comply with any of the other agreements in the indenture; |
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(6) default under any mortgage, indenture or instrument
under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured
or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or the payment of which
is guaranteed by the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries), whether such Indebtedness or guarantee now
exists, or is created after the date of the indenture, if that
default: |
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(a) is caused by a failure to pay principal of, or interest
or premium, if any, on such Indebtedness prior to the expiration
of the grace period provided in such Indebtedness (a
Payment Default); or |
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(b) results in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior
to its Stated Maturity, |
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and, in each case, the principal amount of any such
Indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other
such Indebtedness under which there has been a Payment Default
or the maturity of which has been so accelerated, aggregates
$15.0 million or more; |
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(7) failure by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
pay final judgments aggregating in excess of $15.0 million,
which judgments are not paid, discharged or stayed (including a
stay pending appeal) for a period of 60 days after the date
of such final judgment (or, if later, the date when payment is
due pursuant to such judgment); |
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(8) except as permitted by the indenture, any Subsidiary
Guarantee shall be held in any judicial proceeding to be
unenforceable or invalid or shall cease for any reason to be in
full force and effect or any Guarantor, or any Person acting on
behalf of any Guarantor, shall deny or disaffirm its obligations
under its Subsidiary Guarantee; and |
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(9) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or
reorganization described in the indenture with respect to the
Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries or any group of
Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken as a whole, would
constitute a Significant Subsidiary. |
In the case of an Event of Default arising from certain events
of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, with respect to the
Company, any Subsidiary of the Company that is a Significant
Subsidiary or any group of Subsidiaries of the Company that,
taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary, all
outstanding notes will become due and payable immediately
without further action or notice. If any other Event of Default
occurs and is continuing, the trustee or the Holders of at least
25% in principal amount of the then outstanding notes may
declare all the notes to be due and payable immediately. An
Event of Default for the notes will not necessarily constitute
an Event of Default for any other series of debt securities that
may be issued under the indenture in the future and vice versa.
Holders of the notes may not enforce the indenture or the notes
except as provided in the indenture. Subject to certain
limitations, Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
then outstanding notes may direct the trustee in its exercise of
any trust or power. The trustee may withhold from Holders notice
of any continuing Default or Event of Default with respect to
the notes if it determines that withholding notice is in their
interest, except a Default or Event of Default relating to the
payment of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the
notes.
The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the notes then
outstanding by notice to the trustee may on behalf of the
Holders of all of the notes waive any past Default or Event of
Default with respect to the notes and its consequences under the
indenture except a continuing Default or Event of Default in the
payment of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on the
notes or in respect of a covenant that cannot be amended without
the consent of each Holder.
In the case of any Event of Default with respect to the notes
occurring by reason of any willful action or inaction taken or
not taken by or on behalf of the Company with the intention of
avoiding payment of the premium that the Company would have had
to pay if the Company then had elected to redeem the notes on or
after ,
2009 pursuant to the optional redemption provisions of the
indenture, an equivalent premium will also become and be
immediately due and payable to the extent permitted by law upon
the acceleration of the notes. If an Event of Default with
respect to the notes occurs prior
to ,
2009 by reason of any willful action (or inaction) taken (or not
taken) by or on behalf of the Company with the intention of
avoiding the prohibition on redemption of the notes prior to
that date, then the premium specified in the indenture with
respect to the first year that the notes may be redeemed at the
Companys option (other than with the net cash proceeds of
an Equity Offering) will also become immediately due and payable
to the extent permitted by law upon the acceleration of the
notes.
The Company is required to deliver to the trustee annually a
statement regarding compliance with the indenture. Upon becoming
aware of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the
notes, the Company is required to deliver to the trustee a
statement specifying such Default or Event of Default.
No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and
Stockholders
No director, officer, employee, incorporator or stockholder or
other owner of Capital Stock of the Company or any Guarantor, as
such, will have any liability for any obligations of the Company
or any Guarantor under the notes, the indenture or the
Subsidiary Guarantees, or for any claim based on, in
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respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation.
Each Holder of notes by accepting a note waives and releases all
such liability. The waiver and release are part of the
consideration for issuance of the notes. The waiver may not be
effective to waive liabilities under the federal securities laws.
Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance
The Company may, at its option and at any time, elect to have
all of its obligations discharged with respect to the
outstanding notes and all obligations of the Guarantors
discharged with respect to their Subsidiary Guarantees
(Legal Defeasance) except for:
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(1) the rights of Holders of outstanding notes to receive
payments in respect of the principal of, and interest or
premium, if any, on such notes when such payments are due from
the trust referred to below; |
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(2) the Companys obligations with respect to the
notes concerning issuing temporary notes, registration of notes,
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen notes and the maintenance
of an office or agency for payment and money for security
payments held in trust; |
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(3) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of
the trustee, and the Companys obligations in connection
therewith; and |
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(4) the Legal Defeasance provisions of the indenture. |
In addition, the Company may, at its option and at any time,
elect to have its obligations released with respect to certain
covenants that are described in the indenture (Covenant
Defeasance) and thereafter any omission to comply with
those covenants will not constitute a Default or Event of
Default with respect to the notes. In the event Covenant
Defeasance occurs, certain events (not including non-payment,
bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization events) described under
Events of Default and Remedies will no
longer constitute an Event of Default with respect to the notes.
If the Company exercises either its Legal Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance option, each Guarantor will be released and relieved
of any obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee and any
security for the notes (other than the trust) will be released.
In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance:
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(1) the Company must irrevocably deposit with the trustee,
in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of the notes, cash in
U.S. dollars, non-callable Government Securities, or a
combination of cash in U.S. dollars and non-callable
Government Securities, in amounts as will be sufficient, in the
opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public
accountants, to pay the principal of, and interest and premium,
if any, on the outstanding notes on the date of fixed maturity
or on the applicable redemption date, as the case may be, and
the Company must specify whether the notes are being defeased to
the date of fixed maturity or to a particular redemption date; |
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(2) in the case of Legal Defeasance, the Company has
delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel reasonably
acceptable to the trustee confirming that: |
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(a) the Company has received from, or there has been
published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling; or |
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(b) since the date of the indenture, there has been a
change in the applicable federal income tax law, |
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in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such
opinion of counsel will confirm that, the Holders of the
outstanding notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for
federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance
and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts,
in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the
case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred; |
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(3) in the case of Covenant Defeasance, the Company has
delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel reasonably
acceptable to the trustee confirming that the Holders of the
outstanding notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for
federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant
Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same
amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have
been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred; |
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(4) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is
continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or
Event of Default resulting from the borrowing of funds to be
applied to such deposit) or insofar as Events of Default from
bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization events are concerned,
at any time in the period ending on the 91st day after the
day of deposit; |
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(5) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance will not
result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default
under, any material agreement or instrument (other than the
indenture) to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a
party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is
bound; |
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(6) the Company must have delivered to the trustee an
opinion of counsel to the effect that after the 91st day
following the deposit (or, if any Holder or Beneficial Owner of
notes is an insider of the Company, such later date as counsel
may specify in such opinion), the trust funds will not be
subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors rights
generally; |
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(7) the Company must deliver to the trustee an
officers certificate stating that the deposit was not made
by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of
notes over the other creditors of the Company with the intent of
defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors of the
Company or others; and |
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(8) the Company must deliver to the trustee an
officers certificate and an opinion of counsel, each
stating that all conditions precedent relating to the Legal
Defeasance or the Covenant Defeasance have been complied with. |
Amendment, Supplement and Waiver
Except as provided in the next three succeeding paragraphs, the
indenture or the notes may be amended or supplemented with the
consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal
amount of the notes then outstanding (including, without
limitation, consents obtained in connection with a purchase of,
or tender offer or exchange offer for, notes), and any existing
default or compliance with any provision of the indenture or the
notes may be waived with the consent of the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the then outstanding notes
(including, without limitation, consents obtained in connection
with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for,
notes).
Without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment,
supplement or waiver may not (with respect to any notes held by
a non-consenting Holder):
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(1) reduce the principal amount of notes whose Holders must
consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver; |
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(2) reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of
any note or alter the provisions with respect to the redemption
or repurchase of the notes (other than provisions relating to
the covenants described above under the caption
Repurchase at the Option of Holders); |
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(3) reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of
interest on any note; |
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(4) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of
principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on the notes
(except a rescission of acceleration of the notes by the Holders
of |
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at least a majority in principal amount of the notes and a
waiver of the payment default that resulted from such
acceleration); |
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(5) make any note payable in currency other than that
stated in the notes; |
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(6) make any change in the provisions of the indenture
relating to waivers of past Defaults or the rights of Holders of
notes to receive payments of principal of, or interest or
premium, if any, on the notes (other than as permitted in
clause (7) below); |
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(7) waive a redemption or repurchase payment with respect
to any note (other than a payment required by one of the
covenants described above under the caption
Repurchase at the Option of Holders); |
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(8) release any Guarantor from any of its obligations under
its Subsidiary Guarantee or the indenture, except in accordance
with the terms of the indenture; or |
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(9) make any change in the preceding amendment, supplement
and waiver provisions. |
In addition, any amendment or supplement to, or waiver of, the
provisions of the indenture relating to subordination that
adversely affects the rights of the Holders of the notes will
require the consent of the Holders of at least 75% in principal
amount of notes then outstanding.
Notwithstanding the preceding, without the consent of any Holder
of notes, the Company, the Guarantors and the trustee may amend
or supplement the indenture or the notes:
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(1) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency; |
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(2) to provide for uncertificated notes in addition to or
in place of certificated notes; |
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(3) to provide for the assumption of the Companys
obligations to Holders of notes in the case of a merger or
consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of the
Companys properties or assets; |
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(4) to make any change that would provide any additional
rights or benefits to the Holders of notes or that does not
adversely affect the legal rights under the indenture of any
Holder, provided that any change to conform the indenture
to this offering memorandum will not be deemed to adversely
affect the legal rights under the indenture of any holder; |
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(5) to secure the notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees
pursuant to the requirements of the covenant described above
under the subheading Certain
Covenants Liens; |
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(6) to provide for the issuance of additional notes in
accordance with the limitations set forth in the indenture; |
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(7) to add any additional Guarantor or to evidence the
release of any Guarantor from its Subsidiary Guarantee, in each
case as provided in the indenture; |
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(8) to comply with requirements of the Commission in order
to effect or maintain the qualification of the indenture under
the Trust Indenture Act; |
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(9) to evidence or provide for the acceptance of
appointment under the indenture of a successor trustee; |
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(10) to add to, change or eliminate any provisions of the
indenture in respect of one or more other series of debt
securities; or |
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(11) to establish the forms or terms of debt securities of
any other series as permitted by the indenture. |
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall, directly
or indirectly, pay or cause to be paid any consideration,
whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, to any Beneficial
Owner or Holder of any notes for or as an inducement to any
consent to any waiver, supplement or amendment of any terms
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or provisions of the indenture or the notes, unless such
consideration is offered to be paid or agreed to be paid to all
Beneficial Owners and Holders of the notes which so consent in
the time frame set forth in solicitation documents relating to
such consent.
Satisfaction and Discharge
The indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further
effect as to all notes issued thereunder (except as to surviving
rights of registration of transfer or exchange of the notes and
as otherwise specified in the indenture), under the
circumstances, and subject to the conditions, described in the
accompanying prospectus under Description of Debt
Securities Satisfaction and Discharge.
Concerning the Trustee
The trustee, J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National
Association, also acts as trustee under the indenture for our
2012 Notes.
If the trustee becomes a creditor of the Company or any
Guarantor, the indenture limits its right to obtain payment of
claims in certain cases, or to realize on certain property
received in respect of any such claim as security or otherwise.
The trustee will be permitted to engage in other transactions;
however, if it acquires any conflicting interest (as defined in
the Trust Indenture Act) after a Default has occurred and
is continuing, it must eliminate such conflict within
90 days, apply to the Commission for permission to continue
or resign.
The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then
outstanding notes will have the right to direct the time, method
and place of conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy
available to the trustee with respect to the notes, subject to
certain exceptions. The indenture provides (by reference to the
Trust Indenture Act) that in case an Event of Default occurs and
is continuing, the trustee will be required, in the exercise of
its power, to use the degree of care of a prudent man in the
conduct of his own affairs. Subject to such provisions, the
trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its
rights or powers under the indenture at the request of any
Holder of notes, unless such Holder has offered to the trustee
reasonable security or indemnity against any cost, expense or
liability the trustee might incur.
Governing Law
The indenture, the notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees will be
governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the
State of New York.
Book-Entry, Delivery and Form
Except as set forth below, notes will be issued only in
registered, global form. Notes will be issued at the closing of
this offering only against payment in immediately available
funds.
Initially, the notes will be represented by one or more
permanent global notes in registered form without interest
coupons (collectively, the Global Notes). The Global
Notes will be deposited upon issuance with the trustee as
custodian for The Depository Trust Company (DTC), in
New York, New York, and registered in the name of DTCs
nominee, Cede & Co., in each case for credit to an
account of a direct or indirect participant in DTC as described
below. Beneficial interests in the Global Notes may be held
through the Euroclear System (Euroclear) and
Clearstream Banking, S.A. (Clearstream) (as indirect
participants in DTC).
Except as set forth below, the Global Notes may be transferred,
in whole but not in part, only to another nominee of DTC or to a
successor of DTC or its nominee. Beneficial interests in the
Global Notes may not be exchanged for definitive notes in
registered, certificated form (Certificated Notes),
except in the limited circumstances described below. See
Exchange of Global Notes for Certificated
Notes. In addition, transfers of beneficial interests in
the Global Notes will be subject to the applicable rules and
procedures of DTC and its direct or indirect participants
(including, if applicable, those of Euroclear and Clearstream),
which may change from time to time.
S-49
Depository Procedures
The following description of the operations and procedures of
DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream are provided solely as a matter
of convenience. These operations and procedures are solely
within the control of the respective settlement systems and are
subject to changes by them. We take no responsibility for these
operations and procedures and urge investors to contact the
system or their participants directly to discuss these matters.
DTC has advised us that DTC is a limited-purpose trust company
created to hold securities for its participating organizations
(collectively, the Participants) and to facilitate
the clearance and settlement of transactions in those securities
between Participants through electronic book-entry changes in
accounts of its Participants. The Participants include
securities brokers and dealers (including the underwriters),
banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other
organizations. Access to DTCs system is also available to
other entities such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust
companies that clear through or maintain a custodial
relationship with a Participant, either directly or indirectly
(collectively, the Indirect Participants). Persons
who are not Participants may beneficially own securities held by
or on behalf of DTC only through the Participants or the
Indirect Participants. The ownership interests in, and transfers
of ownership interests in, each security held by or on behalf of
DTC are recorded on the records of the Participants and Indirect
Participants.
DTC has also advised us that, pursuant to procedures established
by it:
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(1) upon deposit of the Global Notes, DTC will credit the
accounts of Participants designated by the underwriters with
portions of the principal amount of the Global Notes; and |
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(2) ownership of these interests in the Global Notes will
be shown on, and the transfer of ownership of these interests
will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with
respect to the Participants) or by the Participants and the
Indirect Participants (with respect to other owners of
beneficial interests in the Global Notes). |
Investors in the Global Notes who are Participants in DTCs
system may hold their interests therein directly through DTC.
Investors in the Global Notes who are not Participants may hold
their interests therein indirectly through organizations
(including Euroclear and Clearstream) which are Participants in
such system. Euroclear and Clearstream may hold interests in the
Global Notes on behalf of their participants through
customers securities accounts in their respective names on
the books of their respective depositories, which are Euroclear
Bank S.A./ N.V., as operator of Euroclear, and Citibank, N.A.,
as operator of Clearstream. All interests in a Global Note,
including those held through Euroclear or Clearstream, may be
subject to the procedures and requirements of DTC. Those
interests held through Euroclear or Clearstream may also be
subject to the procedures and requirements of such systems.
The laws of some states require that certain Persons take
physical delivery in definitive form of securities that they
own. Consequently, the ability to transfer beneficial interests
in a Global Note to such Persons will be limited to that extent.
Because DTC can act only on behalf of Participants, which in
turn act on behalf of Indirect Participants, the ability of a
Person having beneficial interests in a Global Note to pledge
such interests to Persons that do not participate in the DTC
system, or otherwise take actions in respect of such interests,
may be affected by the lack of a physical certificate evidencing
such interests.
Except as described below, owners of an interest in the
Global Notes will not have notes registered in their names, will
not receive physical delivery of Certificated Notes and will not
be considered the registered owners or Holders
thereof under the indenture for any purpose.
Payments in respect of the principal of, and interest and
premium, if any, on a Global Note registered in the name of DTC
or its nominee will be payable to DTC in its capacity as the
registered Holder under the indenture. Under the terms of the
indenture, the Company and the trustee will treat the Persons in
whose names the notes, including the Global Notes, are
registered as the owners of the notes
S-50
for the purpose of receiving payments and for all other
purposes. Consequently, neither the Company, the trustee nor any
agent of the Company or the trustee has or will have any
responsibility or liability for:
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(1) any aspect of DTCs records or any
Participants or Indirect Participants records
relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests in the Global Notes or for maintaining, supervising or
reviewing any of DTCs records or any Participants or
Indirect Participants records relating to the beneficial
ownership interests in the Global Notes; or |
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(2) any other matter relating to the actions and practices
of DTC or any of its Participants or Indirect Participants. |
DTC has advised us that its current practice, at the due date of
any payment in respect of securities such as the notes, is to
credit the accounts of the relevant Participants with the
payment on the payment date unless DTC has reason to believe it
will not receive payment on such payment date. Each relevant
Participant is credited with an amount proportionate to its
beneficial ownership of an interest in the principal amount of
the notes as shown on the records of DTC. Payments by the
Participants and the Indirect Participants to the beneficial
owners of notes will be governed by standing instructions and
customary practices and will be the responsibility of the
Participants or the Indirect Participants and will not be the
responsibility of DTC, the trustee or the Company. Neither the
Company nor the trustee will be liable for any delay by DTC or
any of its Participants in identifying the beneficial owners of
the notes, and the Company and the trustee may conclusively rely
on and will be protected in relying on instructions from DTC or
its nominee for all purposes.
Transfers between Participants in DTC will be effected in
accordance with DTCs procedures, and will be settled in
same-day funds, and transfers between participants in Euroclear
and Clearstream will be effected in accordance with their
respective rules and operating procedures.
Cross-market transfers between the Participants in DTC, on the
one hand, and Euroclear or Clearstream participants, on the
other hand, will be effected through DTC in accordance with
DTCs rules on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, as the
case may be, by its depositary; however, such cross-market
transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear
or Clearstream, as the case may be, by the counterparty in such
system in accordance with the rules and procedures and within
the established deadlines (Brussels time) of such system.
Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will, if the
transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver
instructions to its respective depositary to take action to
effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving
interests in the relevant Global Note in DTC, and making or
receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for
same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Euroclear
participants and Clearstream participants may not deliver
instructions directly to the depositories for Euroclear or
Clearstream.
DTC has advised us that it will take any action permitted to be
taken by a Holder of notes only at the direction of one or more
Participants to whose account DTC has credited the
interests in the Global Notes and only in respect of such
portion of the aggregate principal amount of the notes as to
which such Participant or Participants has or have given such
direction. However, if there is an Event of Default under the
notes, DTC reserves the right to exchange the Global Notes for
Certificated Notes and to distribute such notes to its
Participants.
Although DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream have agreed to the
foregoing procedures to facilitate transfers of interests in the
Global Notes among participants in DTC, Euroclear and
Clearstream, they are under no obligation to perform or to
continue to perform such procedures, and may discontinue such
procedures at any time. None of the Company, the trustee or any
of their respective agents will have any responsibility for the
performance by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or their respective
participants or indirect participants of their respective
obligations under the rules and procedures governing their
operations.
S-51
Exchange of Global Notes for Certificated Notes
A Global Note is exchangeable for Certificated Notes in minimum
denominations of $1,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000, if:
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(1) DTC (a) notifies us that it is unwilling or unable
to continue as depositary for the Global Notes or (b) has
ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act
and in either event the Company fails to appoint a successor
depositary within 90 days; or |
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(2) there has occurred and is continuing an Event of
Default and DTC notifies the trustee of its decision to exchange
the Global Note for Certificated Notes. |
Certificated Notes delivered in exchange for any Global Note or
beneficial interests in Global Notes will be registered in the
names, and issued in any approved denominations, requested by or
on behalf of the depositary (in accordance with its customary
procedures).
Same Day Settlement and Payment
The Company will make payments in respect of the notes
represented by the Global Notes (including principal, premium,
if any, and interest) by wire transfer of immediately available
funds to the accounts specified by the Global Note Holder.
The Company will make all payments of principal, interest and
premium, if any, with respect to Certificated Notes by wire
transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts
specified by the Holders of the Certificated Notes or, if no
such account is specified, by mailing a check to each such
Holders registered address. The notes represented by the
Global Notes are expected to trade in DTCs Same-Day Funds
Settlement System, and any permitted secondary market trading
activity in such notes will, therefore, be required by DTC to be
settled in immediately available funds. The Company expects that
secondary trading in any Certificated Notes will also be settled
in immediately available funds.
Because of time zone differences, the securities account of a
Euroclear or Clearstream participant purchasing an interest in a
Global Note from a Participant in DTC will be credited, and any
such crediting will be reported to the relevant Euroclear or
Clearstream participant, during the securities settlement
processing day (which must be a business day for Euroclear and
Clearstream) immediately following the settlement date of DTC.
DTC has advised us that cash received in Euroclear or
Clearstream as a result of sales of interests in a Global Note
by or through a Euroclear or Clearstream participant to a
Participant in DTC will be received with value on the settlement
date of DTC but will be available in the relevant Euroclear or
Clearstream cash account only as of the business day for
Euroclear or Clearstream following DTCs settlement date.
Certain Definitions
Set forth below are certain defined terms used in the indenture.
Reference is made to the indenture for a full disclosure of all
such terms, as well as any other capitalized terms used herein
for which no definition is provided.
ACNTA (Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible
Assets) means (without duplication), as of the date of
determination:
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(a) discounted future net revenue from proved crude oil and
natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines before
any state or federal income taxes, as estimated in a reserve
report prepared as of the end of the Companys most
recently completed fiscal year, which reserve report is prepared
or reviewed by independent petroleum engineers as to reserves
accounting for at least 80% of all such discounted future net
revenue and by the Companys petroleum engineers with
respect to any other such reserves covered by such |
S-52
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report, as increased by, as of the date of determination, the
discounted future net revenue from: |
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(i) estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of
the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to
acquisitions consummated since the date of such year-end reserve
report, and |
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(ii) estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves of the
Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to
extensions, discoveries and other additions and upward
determinations of estimates of proved crude oil and natural gas
reserves (including previously estimated development costs
incurred during the period and the accretion of discount since
the prior year end) due to exploration, development or
exploitation, production or other activities which reserves were
not reflected in such year-end reserve report, |
in each case calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines
(utilizing the prices utilized in such year-end reserve report),
and decreased by, as of the date of determination, the
discounted future net revenue attributable to
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(iii) estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves
of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such
year-end reserve report produced or disposed of since the date
of such year-end reserve report and |
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(iv) reductions in the estimated proved crude oil and
natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries reflected in such year-end reserve report since the
date of such year-end reserve report attributable to downward
determinations of estimates of proved crude oil and natural gas
reserves due to exploration, development or exploitation,
production or other activities conducted or otherwise occurring
since the date of such year-end reserve report, |
in each case calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines
(utilizing the prices utilized in such year-end reserve report);
provided, however, that, in the case of each of the
determinations made pursuant to clauses (i) through (iv),
such increases and decreases shall be as estimated by the
Companys engineers, except that if as a result of such
acquisitions, dispositions, discoveries, extensions or
revisions, there is a Material Change, then such increases and
decreases in the discounted future net revenue shall be
confirmed in writing by an independent petroleum engineer;
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(b) the capitalized costs that are attributable to crude
oil and natural gas properties of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries to which no proved crude oil and natural gas
reserves are attributed, based on the Companys books and
records as of a date no earlier than the date of the
Companys latest annual or quarterly financial statements; |
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(c) the Net Working Capital on a date no earlier than the
date of the Companys latest annual or quarterly financial
statements; and |
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(d) the greater of (I) the net book value on a date no
earlier than the date of the Companys latest annual or
quarterly financial statements and (II) the appraised
value, as estimated by independent appraisers, of other tangible
assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of a
date no earlier than the date of the Companys latest
audited financial statements; |
S-53
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(2) minus, to the extent not otherwise taken into account
in the immediately preceding clause (1), the sum of: |
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(a) minority interests; |
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(b) any net gas balancing liabilities of the Company and
its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in the Companys
latest audited financial statements; |
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(c) the discounted future net revenue, calculated in
accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the same prices
utilized in the Companys year-end reserve report),
attributable to reserves subject to participation interests,
overriding royalty interests or other interests of third
parties, pursuant to participation, partnership, vendor
financing or other agreements then in effect, or which otherwise
are required to be delivered to third parties; |
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(d) the discounted future net revenue, calculated in
accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the same prices
utilized in the Companys year-end reserve report),
attributable to reserves that are required to be delivered to
third parties to fully satisfy the obligations of the Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Volumetric
Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect
thereto; and |
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(e) the discounted future net revenue, calculated in
accordance with SEC guidelines, attributable to reserves subject
to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments that, based on the
estimates of production included in determining the discounted
future net revenue specified in the immediately preceding
clause (1)(a) (utilizing the same prices utilized in the
Companys year-end reserve report), would be necessary to
satisfy fully the obligations of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries with respect to Dollar-Denominated Production
Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto. |
If the Company changes its method of accounting for its oil and
gas properties from the successful efforts method to the full
cost method or a similar method of accounting, ACNTA will
continue to be calculated as if the Company were still using the
successful efforts method of accounting.
Acquired Debt means, with respect to any
specified Person:
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(1) Indebtedness of any other Person existing at the time
such other Person was merged with or into or became a Subsidiary
of such specified Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is
incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such other
Person merging with or into, or becoming a Subsidiary of, such
specified Person; and |
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(2) Indebtedness secured by a Lien encumbering any asset
acquired by such specified Person. |
Additional Assets means:
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(1) any assets used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business; |
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(2) the Capital Stock of a Person that becomes a Restricted
Subsidiary as a result of the acquisition of such Capital Stock
by the Company or another Restricted Subsidiary; or |
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(3) Capital Stock constituting a minority in any Person
that at such time is a Restricted Subsidiary; |
provided, however, that any such Restricted Subsidiary
described in clause (2) or (3) is primarily engaged in
the Oil and Gas Business.
Affiliate of any specified Person means any
other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by
or under direct or indirect common control with such specified
Person. For purposes of this definition, control, as
used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly
or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of
the management or policies of such Person, whether through the
S-54
ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise;
provided that beneficial ownership of 10% or more of the
Voting Stock of a Person will be deemed to be control. For
purposes of this definition, the terms controlling,
controlled by and under common control
with have correlative meanings.
Asset Sale means:
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(1) the sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of any
properties or assets (including by way of a Production Payment
or sale and leaseback transaction); provided that the
disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or
assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a
whole will be governed by the provisions of the indenture
described above under the caption Repurchase
at the Option of Holders Change of Control
and/or the provisions described above under the caption
Certain Covenants Merger,
Consolidation or Sale of Assets and not by the provisions
of the Asset Sale covenant; and |
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(2) the issuance of Equity Interests in any of the
Companys Restricted Subsidiaries or the sale of Equity
Interests in any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. |
Notwithstanding the preceding, the following items will not be
deemed to be Asset Sales:
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(1) any single transaction or series of related
transactions that involves properties or assets having a fair
market value of less than $2.5 million; |
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(2) a transfer of assets between or among any of the
Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries; |
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(3) an issuance or sale of Equity Interests by a Restricted
Subsidiary to the Company or to another Restricted Subsidiary; |
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(4) the sale, lease or other disposition of equipment,
inventory, accounts receivable or other properties or assets in
the ordinary course of business, including, without limitation,
any abandonment, farm-in, farm-out, lease or sublease of any oil
and gas properties or the forfeiture or other disposition of
such properties pursuant to standard form operating agreements,
in each case in the ordinary course of business in a manner
customary in the Oil and Gas Business; |
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(5) the sale or other disposition of cash or Cash
Equivalents; |
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(6) a Restricted Payment that is permitted by the covenant
described above under the caption Certain
Covenants Restricted Payments or a Permitted
Investment; |
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(7) any trade or exchange by the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary of oil and gas properties or other properties or
assets for oil and gas properties or other properties or assets
owned or held by another Person, provided that the fair
market value of the properties or assets traded or exchanged by
the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (together with any
cash) is reasonably equivalent to the fair market value of the
properties or assets (together with any cash) to be received by
the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, and provided
further that any net cash received must be applied in
accordance with the provisions described above under the caption
Repurchase at the Option of
Holders Asset Sales; |
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(8) the creation or perfection of a Lien (but not the sale
or other disposition of the properties or assets subject to such
Lien); and |
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(9) surrender or waiver of contract rights or the
settlement, release or surrender of contract, tort or other
claims of any kind. |
Attributable Debt in respect of a sale and
leaseback transaction means, at the time of determination, the
present value of the obligation of the lessee for net rental
payments during the remaining term of the lease included in such
sale and leaseback transaction including any period for which
such lease has been extended or may, at the option of the
lessor, be extended. Such present value shall be calculated
using a discount rate equal to the rate of interest implicit in
such transaction, determined in accordance with GAAP.
S-55
Beneficial Owner has the meaning assigned to
such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the
Exchange Act, except that in calculating the beneficial
ownership of any particular person (as that term is
used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), such
person will be deemed to have beneficial ownership
of all securities that such person has the right to
acquire by conversion or exercise of other securities, whether
such right is currently exercisable or is exercisable only upon
the occurrence of a subsequent condition. The terms
Beneficially Owns and Beneficially Owned
have correlative meanings.
Board of Directors means:
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(1) with respect to a corporation, the board of directors
of the corporation; |
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(2) with respect to a partnership, the board of directors
of the general partner of the partnership; and |
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(3) with respect to any other Person, the board or
committee of such Person serving a similar function. |
Board Resolution means a copy of a resolution
certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the
applicable Person to have been duly adopted by the Board of
Directors of such Person and to be in full force and effect on
the date of such certification, and delivered to the trustee.
Business Day means each day that is not a
Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in
Denver, Colorado or in New York, New York or another place of
payment are authorized or required by law to close.
Capital Lease Obligation means, at the time
any determination is to be made, the amount of the liability in
respect of a capital lease that would at that time be required
to be capitalized on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP.
Capital Stock means:
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(1) in the case of a corporation, corporate stock; |
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(2) in the case of an association or business entity, any
and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other
equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock; |
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(3) in the case of a partnership or limited liability
company, partnership or membership interests (whether general or
limited); and |
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(4) any other interest or participation that confers on a
Person the right to receive a share of the profits and losses
of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person. |
Cash Equivalents means:
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(1) United States dollars; |
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(2) securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or
insured by the United States government or any agency or
instrumentality of the United States government (provided
that the full faith and credit of the United States is
pledged in support of those securities) having maturities of not
more than six months from the date of acquisition; |
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(3) certificates of deposit and eurodollar time deposits
with maturities of six months or less from the date of
acquisition, bankers acceptances with maturities not
exceeding six months and overnight bank deposits, in each case,
with any lender party to the Credit Agreement or with any
domestic commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of
$500.0 million and a Thomson Bank Watch Rating of
B or better; |
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(4) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than
seven days for underlying securities of the types described in
clauses (2) and (3) above entered into with any
financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in
clause (3) above; |
S-56
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(5) commercial paper having the highest rating obtainable
from Moodys Investors Service, Inc. or Standard &
Poors Ratings Services and in each case maturing within
six months after the date of acquisition; and |
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(6) money market funds at least 95% of the assets of which
constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in
clauses (1) through (5) of this definition. |
Change of Control means the occurrence of any
of the following:
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(1) the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer,
conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or
consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of
all or substantially all of the properties or assets (including
Capital Stock of the Restricted Subsidiaries) of the Company and
its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole, to any
person (as that term is used in
Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act); |
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(2) the adoption of a plan relating to the liquidation or
dissolution of the Company; |
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(3) the consummation of any transaction (including, without
limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is
that any person (as that term is used in
Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) becomes the
Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of
the Voting Stock of the Company, measured by voting power rather
than number of shares; or |
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(4) the first day on which a majority of the members of the
Board of Directors of the Company are not Continuing Directors. |
Commission or SEC means
the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Consolidated Cash Flow means, with respect to
any specified Person for any period, the Consolidated Net Income
of such Person for such period plus:
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(1) an amount equal to any extraordinary loss plus any net
loss realized by such Person or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries in connection with an Asset Sale, to the extent
such losses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net
Income; plus |
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(2) provision for taxes based on income or profits of such
Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, to the
extent that such provision for taxes was deducted in computing
such Consolidated Net Income; plus |
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(3) consolidated interest expense of such Person and its
Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or accrued
and whether or not capitalized (excluding any interest
attributable to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments but
including, without limitation, amortization of debt issuance
costs and original issue discount, non-cash interest payments,
the interest component of any deferred payment obligations, the
interest component of all payments associated with Capital Lease
Obligations, imputed interest with respect to Attributable Debt,
commissions, discounts and other fees and charges incurred in
respect of letter of credit or bankers acceptance
financings), and net of the effect of all payments made or
received pursuant to Hedging Obligations, to the extent that any
such expense was deducted in computing such Consolidated Net
Income; plus |
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(4) depreciation, depletion and amortization (including
amortization of intangibles but excluding amortization of
prepaid cash expenses that were paid in a prior period),
impairment and other non-cash expenses (excluding any such
non-cash expense to the extent that it represents an accrual of
or reserve for cash expenses in any future period or
amortization of a prepaid cash expense that was paid in a prior
period) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such
period to the extent that such depreciation, depletion and
amortization, impairment and other non-cash expenses were
deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus |
S-57
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(5) unrealized non-cash losses resulting from foreign
currency balance sheet adjustments required by GAAP to the
extent such losses were deducted in computing such Consolidated
Net Income; minus |
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(6) non-cash items increasing such Consolidated Net Income
for such period, other than items that were accrued in the
ordinary course of business; minus (to the extent included in
determining Consolidated Net Income); |
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(7) the sum of (x) the amount of deferred revenues
that are amortized during such period and are attributable to
reserves that are subject to Volumetric Production Payments and
(y) amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments
of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated
Production Payments, |
in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in
accordance with GAAP.
Consolidated Net Income means, with respect
to any specified Person for any period, the aggregate of the Net
Income of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such
period, on a consolidated basis, determined in accordance with
GAAP; provided that:
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(1) the Net Income (but not loss) of any Person that is not
a Restricted Subsidiary or that is accounted for by the equity
method of accounting will be included, but only to the extent of
the amount of dividends or distributions paid in cash to the
specified Person or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Person; |
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(2) the Net Income of any Restricted Subsidiary will be
excluded to the extent that the declaration or payment of
dividends or similar distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary
of that Net Income is not at the date of determination permitted
without any prior governmental approval (that has not been
obtained) or, directly or indirectly, by operation of the terms
of its charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree,
order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to
that Restricted Subsidiary or its stockholders, partners or
members; |
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(3) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principles will be excluded; |
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(4) income resulting from transfers of assets (other than
cash) between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries,
on the one hand, and an Unrestricted Subsidiary, on the other
hand, will be excluded; |
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(5) any write-downs of non-current assets will be excluded;
provided that any ceiling limitation write-downs under
Commission guidelines shall be treated as capitalized costs, as
if such write-downs had not occurred; and |
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(6) any unrealized non-cash gains or losses or charges in
respect of hedge or non-hedge derivatives (including those
resulting from the application of FAS 133) will be excluded. |
In addition, notwithstanding the preceding, for the purposes of
the covenant described under Certain
Covenants Restricted Payments only, there
shall be excluded from Consolidated Net Income any nonrecurring
charges relating to any premium or penalty paid, write off of
deferred finance costs or other charges in connection with
redeeming or retiring any Indebtedness prior to its Stated
Maturity.
Continuing Directors means, as of any date of
determination, any member of the Board of Directors of the
Company who:
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(1) was a member of such Board of Directors on the date of
the indenture; or |
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(2) was nominated for election or elected to such Board of
Directors with the approval of a majority of the Continuing
Directors who were members of such Board at the time of such
nomination or election. |
Credit Agreement means that certain Second
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of
September 23, 2004, among Whiting, the Company, the
financial institutions parties thereto, and
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JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, providing
for revolving credit borrowings, including any related notes,
guarantees, collateral documents, instruments and agreements
executed in connection therewith, and in each case as amended,
restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced
from time to time.
Credit Facilities means one or more debt
facilities (including, without limitation, the Credit
Agreement), commercial paper facilities or secured capital
markets financings, in each case with banks or other
institutional lenders or institutional investors providing for
revolving credit loans, term loans, receivables financing
(including through the sale of receivables to such lenders or to
special purpose entities formed to borrow from (or sell
receivables to) such lenders against such receivables), letters
of credit or secured capital markets financings, in each case,
as amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or
refinanced (including refinancing with any capital markets
transaction) in whole or in part from time to time.
Default means any event that is, or with the
passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an
Event of Default.
Designated Senior Debt means:
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(1) any Indebtedness outstanding from time to time under
the Credit Facilities; and |
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(2) any other Senior Debt permitted under the indenture the
principal amount of which is $25.0 million or more and that
is from time to time designated by the Company as
Designated Senior Debt. |
Disqualified Stock means any Capital Stock
that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which
it is convertible, or for which it is exchangeable, in each case
at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock), or upon the
happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable,
pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or
redeemable at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock, in
whole or in part, on or prior to the date that is 91 days
after the date on which the notes mature. Notwithstanding the
preceding sentence, any Capital Stock that would constitute
Disqualified Stock solely because the holders of the Capital
Stock have the right to require the Company to repurchase or
redeem such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of a change of
control or an asset sale will not constitute Disqualified Stock
if the terms of such Capital Stock provide that the Company may
not repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock pursuant to such
provisions unless such repurchase or redemption complies with
the covenant described above under the caption
Certain Covenants Restricted
Payments.
Dollar-Denominated Production Payments means
production payment obligations recorded as liabilities in
accordance with GAAP, together with all undertakings and
obligations in connection therewith.
Domestic Subsidiary means any Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company other than a Foreign Subsidiary.
Equity Interests means Capital Stock and all
warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but
excluding any debt security that is convertible into, or
exchangeable for, Capital Stock).
Equity Offering means any public or private
sale of Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) made for
cash on a primary basis by the Company after the date of the
indenture.
Existing Indebtedness means the aggregate
principal amount of Indebtedness of the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries (other than Indebtedness under the
Credit Agreement which is considered incurred under the first
paragraph under the covenant entitled Incurrence of
Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock) in existence
on the date of the indenture, until such amounts are repaid.
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio means with
respect to any specified Person for any four-quarter reference
period, the ratio of the Consolidated Cash Flow of such Person
for such period to the Fixed Charges of such Person for such
period. In the event that the specified Person or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries incurs, assumes, guarantees, repays,
repurchases or redeems any Indebtedness (other than
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ordinary working capital borrowings) or issues, repurchases or
redeems preferred stock subsequent to the commencement of the
applicable four-quarter reference period and on or prior to the
date on which the event for which the calculation of the Fixed
Charge Coverage Ratio is made (the Calculation
Date), then the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio will be
calculated giving pro forma effect to such incurrence,
assumption, guarantee, repayment, repurchase or redemption of
Indebtedness, or such issuance, repurchase or redemption of
preferred stock, and the use of the proceeds therefrom as if the
same had occurred at the beginning of such period.
In addition, for purposes of calculating the Fixed Charge
Coverage Ratio:
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(1) acquisitions that have been made by the specified
Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including through
mergers or consolidations and including any related financing
transactions, subsequent to the commencement of the applicable
four-quarter reference period and on or prior to the Calculation
Date will be given pro forma effect as if they had occurred on
the first day of such period, including any Consolidated Cash
Flow and any pro forma expense and cost reductions that have
occurred or are reasonably expected to occur, in the reasonable
judgment of the chief financial or accounting officer of the
Company (regardless of whether those cost savings or operating
improvements could then be reflected in pro forma financial
statements in accordance with Regulation S-X promulgated
under the Securities Act or any other regulation or policy of
the Commission related thereto); |
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(2) the Consolidated Cash Flow attributable to discontinued
operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and
operations or businesses disposed of prior to the Calculation
Date, will be excluded; and |
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(3) the Fixed Charges attributable to discontinued
operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and
operations or businesses disposed of prior to the Calculation
Date, will be excluded, but only to the extent that the
obligations giving rise to such Fixed Charges will not be
obligations of the specified Person or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries following the Calculation Date. |
Fixed Charges means, with respect to any
specified Person for any period, the sum, without duplication,
of:
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(1) the consolidated interest expense of such Person and
its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or
accrued (excluding any interest attributable to
Dollar-Denominated Production Payments but including, without
limitation, amortization of debt issuance costs and original
issue discount, non-cash interest payments, the interest
component of any deferred payment obligations, the interest
component of all payments associated with Capital Lease
Obligations, imputed interest with respect to Attributable Debt,
commissions, discounts and other fees and charges incurred in
respect of letter of credit or bankers acceptance
financings), and net of the effect of all payments made or
received pursuant to Hedging Obligations; plus |
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(2) the consolidated interest expense of such Person and
its Restricted Subsidiaries that was capitalized during such
period; plus |
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(3) any interest expense on Indebtedness of another Person
that is guaranteed by such Person or one of its Restricted
Subsidiaries or secured by a Lien on assets of such Person or
one of its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether or not such
guarantee or Lien is called upon; plus |
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(4) the product of (a) all dividends, whether paid or
accrued and whether or not in cash, on any series of preferred
stock of such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries,
other than dividends on Equity Interests payable solely in
Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock)
or to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company,
times (b) a fraction, the numerator of which is one and the
denominator of which is one minus the then current combined
federal, state and local statutory tax rate of such Person,
expressed as a decimal, |
in each case, on a consolidated basis and in accordance with
GAAP.
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Foreign Subsidiary means any Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company that was not formed under the laws of
the United States or any state of the United States or the
District of Columbia and that conducts substantially all of its
operations outside the United States.
GAAP means generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States, which are in effect on the date
of the indenture.
The term guarantee means a guarantee other
than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in
the ordinary course of business, direct or indirect, in any
manner including, without limitation, by way of a pledge of
assets or through letters of credit or reimbursement agreements
in respect thereof, of all or any part of any Indebtedness. When
used as a verb, guarantee has a correlative meaning.
Guarantors means each of:
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(1) Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and Whiting Programs,
Inc., each a Delaware corporation, and Equity Oil Company, a
Colorado corporation; and |
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(2) any other Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that
becomes a Guarantor in accordance with the provisions of the
indenture; |
and their respective successors and assigns.
Hedging Obligations means, with respect to
any specified Person, the obligations of such Person incurred in
the normal course of business and consistent with past practices
and not for speculative purposes under:
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(1) interest rate swap agreements, interest rate cap
agreements and interest rate collar agreements entered into with
one of more financial institutions and designed to protect the
Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries entering into the
agreement against fluctuations in interest rates with respect to
Indebtedness incurred and not for purposes of speculation; |
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(2) foreign exchange contracts and currency protection
agreements entered into with one of more financial institutions
and designed to protect the Person or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries entering into the agreement against fluctuations in
currency exchanges rates with respect to Indebtedness incurred
and not for purposes of speculation; |
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(3) any commodity futures contract, commodity option or
other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect
against fluctuations in the price of oil, natural gas or other
commodities used, produced, processed or sold by that Person or
any of its Restricted Subsidiaries at the time; and |
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(4) other agreements or arrangements designed to protect
such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries against
fluctuations in interest rates, commodity prices or currency
exchange rates. |
Holder means a Person in whose name a Note is
registered.
Income Fund Partnerships means
Whiting-Park Production Partnership, Ltd., Whiting-Madison
Production Partnership, Ltd. and Whiting 1988 Production Limited
Partnership, Ltd., each a Texas limited partnership.
Indebtedness means, with respect to any
specified Person, any indebtedness of such Person, whether or
not contingent:
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(1) in respect of borrowed money; |
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(2) evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar
instruments or letters of credit (or reimbursement agreements in
respect thereof); |
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(3) in respect of bankers acceptances; |
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(4) representing Capital Lease Obligations; |
S-61
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(5) representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the
purchase price of any property, except any such balance that
constitutes an accrued expense or trade payable; or |
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(6) representing any Hedging Obligations, |
if and to the extent any of the preceding items (other than
letters of credit and Hedging Obligations) would appear as a
liability upon a balance sheet of the specified Person prepared
in accordance with GAAP. In addition, the term
Indebtedness includes all Indebtedness of others
secured by a Lien on any asset of the specified Person (whether
or not such Indebtedness is assumed by the specified Person)
and, to the extent not otherwise included, the guarantee by the
specified Person of any Indebtedness of any other Person
(including, with respect to any Production Payment, any
warranties or guarantees of production or payment by such Person
with respect to such Production Payment, but excluding other
contractual obligations of such Person with respect to such
Production Payment). Subject to the preceding sentence, neither
Dollar-Denominated Production Payments nor Volumetric Production
Payments shall be deemed to be Indebtedness.
The amount of any Indebtedness outstanding as of any date will
be:
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(1) the accreted value of the Indebtedness, in the case of
any Indebtedness issued with original issue discount; |
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(2) in the case of any Hedging Obligation, the termination
value of the agreement or arrangement giving rise to such
Hedging Obligation that would be payable by such Person at such
date; and |
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(3) the principal amount of the Indebtedness, together with
any interest on the Indebtedness that is more than 30 days
past due, in the case of any other Indebtedness. |
Investments means, with respect to any
Person, all direct or indirect investments by such Person in
other Persons (including Affiliates) in the forms of loans
(including guarantees or other obligations), advances or capital
contributions (excluding commission, travel and similar advances
to officers and employees made in the ordinary course of
business), purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of
Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities, together
with all items that are or would be classified as investments on
a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP. If the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company sells or otherwise
disposes of any Equity Interests of any direct or indirect
Restricted Subsidiary of the Company such that, after giving
effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer
a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, the Company will be
deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale
or disposition in an amount equal to the fair market value of
the Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary not sold or
disposed of in an amount determined as provided in the final
paragraph of the covenant described above under the caption
Certain Covenants Restricted
Payments. The acquisition by the Company or any Subsidiary
of the Company of a Person that holds an Investment in a third
Person will be deemed to be an Investment made by the Company or
such Subsidiary in such third Person in an amount equal to the
fair market value of the Investment held by the acquired Person
in such third Person on the date of any such acquisition in an
amount determined as provided in the final paragraph of the
covenant described above under the caption
Certain Covenants Restricted
Payments.
Lien means, with respect to any asset, any
mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance
of any kind in respect of such asset, whether or not filed,
recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law, including
any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any
lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to
sell or give a security interest in and any filing of or
agreement to give any financing statement under the Uniform
Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction
other than a precautionary financing statement not intended as a
security agreement.
Material Change means an increase or decrease
(excluding changes that result solely from changes in prices and
changes resulting from the incurrence of previously estimated
future development costs) of more than 25% during a fiscal
quarter in the discounted future net revenues from proved crude
S-62
oil and natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries, calculated in accordance with clause (1)(a)
of the definition of ACNTA; provided, however, that the
following will be excluded from the calculation of Material
Change:
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(1) any acquisitions during the fiscal quarter of oil and
gas reserves that have been estimated by independent petroleum
engineers and with respect to which a report or reports of such
engineers exist; and |
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(2) any disposition of properties existing at the beginning
of such fiscal quarter that have been disposed of in compliance
with the covenant described under Repurchase
of the Option of Holders Assets Sales. |
Material Domestic Subsidiary means any one
Domestic Subsidiary, or any group of two or more Domestic
Subsidiaries, that is not a Guarantor at the time of
determination and that at such time has either assets or
quarterly revenues in excess of 3.0% of the consolidated assets
or quarterly revenues of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries, in each case based upon the most recent quarterly
financial statements available to the Company.
Net Income means, with respect to any
specified Person, the net income (loss) of such Person,
determined in accordance with GAAP and before any reduction in
respect of preferred stock dividends, excluding, however:
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(1) any gain (but not loss), together with any related
provision for taxes on such gain (but not loss), realized in
connection with: (a) any Asset Sale; or (b) the
disposition of any securities by such Person or any of its
Subsidiaries or the extinguishment of any Indebtedness of such
Person or any of its Subsidiaries; and |
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(2) any extraordinary gain (but not loss), together with
any related provision for taxes on such extraordinary gain (but
not loss). |
Net Proceeds means the aggregate cash
proceeds received by the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries in respect of any Asset Sale (including, without
limitation, any cash received upon the sale or other disposition
of any non-cash consideration received in any Asset Sale), net
of:
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(1) the direct costs relating to such Asset Sale,
including, without limitation, legal, accounting and investment
banking fees, and sales commissions, and any relocation expenses
incurred as a result of the Asset Sale, |
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(2) taxes paid or payable as a result of the Asset Sale, in
each case, after taking into account any available tax credits
or deductions and any tax sharing arrangements, |
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(3) amounts required to be applied to the repayment of
Indebtedness, other than under the Credit Facilities, secured by
a Lien on the properties or assets that were the subject of such
Asset Sale, and |
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(4) any reserve for adjustment in respect of the sale price
of such properties or assets established in accordance with GAAP. |
Net Working Capital means:
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(1) all current assets of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries, minus |
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(2) all current liabilities of the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries, except current liabilities included in
Indebtedness; |
in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in
accordance with GAAP.
Non-Recourse Debt means Indebtedness:
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(1) as to which neither the Company nor any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries (a) provides credit support of any
kind (including any undertaking, agreement or instrument that
would |
S-63
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constitute Indebtedness), (b) is directly or indirectly
liable as a guarantor or otherwise, or (c) is the lender; |
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(2) no default with respect to which (including any rights
that the holders of the Indebtedness may have to take
enforcement action against an Unrestricted Subsidiary) would
permit upon notice, lapse of time or both any holder of any
other Indebtedness (other than the notes) of the Company or any
of its Restricted Subsidiaries to declare a default on such
other Indebtedness or cause the payment of the Indebtedness to
be accelerated or payable prior to its Stated Maturity; and |
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(3) as to which the lenders have been notified in writing
that they will not have any recourse to the stock or assets of
the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. |
Obligations means any principal, premium, if
any, interest (including interest accruing on or after the
filing of any petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization,
whether or not a claim for post-filing interest is allowed in
such proceeding), penalties, fees, charges, expenses,
indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages,
guarantees, and other liabilities or amounts payable under the
documentation governing any Indebtedness or in respect thereto.
Oil and Gas Business means:
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(1) the acquisition, exploration, development, operation
and disposition of interests in oil, natural gas and other
hydrocarbon properties; |
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(2) the gathering, marketing, treating, processing (but not
refining), storage, selling and transporting of any production
from those interests; and |
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(3) any activity necessary, appropriate or incidental to
the activities described above. |
Permitted Business Investments means
Investments made in the ordinary course of, and of a nature that
is or shall have become customary in, the Oil and Gas Business,
including through agreements, transactions, interests or
arrangements that permit one to share risk or costs, comply with
regulatory requirements regarding local ownership or satisfy
other objectives customarily achieved through the conduct of the
Oil and Gas Business jointly with third parties, including
without limitation:
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(1) direct or indirect ownership of crude oil, natural gas,
other related hydrocarbon and mineral properties or any interest
therein or gathering, transportation, processing, storage or
related systems; and |
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(2) the entry into operating agreements, joint ventures,
processing agreements, working interests, royalty interests,
mineral leases, farm-in agreements, farm-out agreements,
development agreements, production sharing agreements, area of
mutual interest agreements, contracts for the sale,
transportation or exchange of crude oil and natural gas and
related hydrocarbons and minerals, unitization agreements,
pooling arrangements, joint bidding agreements, service
contracts, partnership agreements (whether general or limited),
or other similar or customary agreements, transactions,
properties, interests or arrangements and Investments and
expenditures in connection therewith or pursuant thereto, in
each case made or entered into in the ordinary course of the Oil
and Gas Business, excluding, however, Investments in
corporations and publicly-traded limited partnerships. |
Permitted Investments means:
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(1) any Investment in the Company or in a Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company; |
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(2) any Investment in Cash Equivalents; |
S-64
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(3) any Investment by the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company in a Person, if as a result of such
Investment: |
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(a) such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of the
Company; or |
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(b) such Person is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with
or into, or transfers or conveys substantially all of its
properties or assets to, or is liquidated into, the Company or a
Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; |
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(4) any Investment made as a result of the receipt of
non-cash consideration from an Asset Sale that was made pursuant
to and in compliance with the covenant described above under the
caption Repurchase at the Option of
Holders Asset Sales; |
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(5) any Investment in any Person solely in exchange for the
issuance of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of
the Company; |
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(6) any Investments received in compromise of obligations
of trade creditors or customers that were incurred in the
ordinary course of business, including pursuant to any plan of
reorganization or similar arrangement upon the bankruptcy or
insolvency of any trade creditor or customer; |
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(7) Hedging Obligations permitted to be incurred under the
Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred
Stock covenant; |
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(8) Permitted Business Investments; and |
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(9) other Investments in any Person having an aggregate
fair market value (measured on the date each such Investment was
made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value),
when taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to
this clause (9) that are at the time outstanding, not to
exceed the greater of $20.0 million and 2.5% of ACNTA. |
Permitted Junior Securities means:
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(1) Equity Interests in the Company or any
Guarantor; or |
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(2) debt securities that are subordinated to all Senior
Debt and any debt securities issued in exchange for Senior Debt
to substantially the same extent as, or to a greater extent
than, the notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees are subordinated
to Senior Debt pursuant to the indenture. |
Permitted Liens means:
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(1) Liens securing any Indebtedness under any of the Credit
Facilities or any other Senior Debt; |
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(2) Liens in favor of the Company or the Guarantors; |
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(3) Liens on property of a Person existing at the time such
Person is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided
that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation
of such merger or consolidation and do not extend to any assets
other than those of the Person merged into or consolidated with
the Company or the Restricted Subsidiary; |
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(4) Liens on property existing at the time of acquisition
of the property by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of
the Company, provided that such Liens were in existence
prior to the contemplation of such acquisition; |
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(5) Liens to secure Indebtedness (including Capital Lease
Obligations) permitted by clause (4) of the second
paragraph of the covenant entitled Certain
Covenants Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of
Preferred Stock covering only the assets acquired with
such Indebtedness and proceeds and products thereof; |
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(6) Liens existing on the date of the indenture; and |
S-65
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(7) Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business of
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company with
respect to obligations that do not exceed $10.0 million at
any one time outstanding. |
Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness means any
Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries issued in exchange for, or the net proceeds of
which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or
refund other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries (other than intercompany Indebtedness);
provided that:
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(1) the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable)
of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the
principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the
Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced,
defeased or refunded (plus all accrued interest on the
Indebtedness and the amount of all expenses and premiums
incurred in connection therewith); |
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(2) such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a final
maturity date later than the final maturity date of, and has a
Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the
Weighted Average Life to Maturity of, the Indebtedness being
extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded; |
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(3) if the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced,
renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded is subordinated in right
of payment to the notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, such
Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated in right of
payment to the notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees on terms at
least as favorable to the Holders of notes as those contained in
the documentation governing the Indebtedness being extended,
refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded; and |
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(4) such Indebtedness is not incurred by a Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company if the Company is the obligor on the
Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced,
defeased or refunded; provided, however, that a
Restricted Subsidiary that is also a Guarantor may guarantee
Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness incurred by the Company,
whether or not such Restricted Subsidiary was an obligor or
guarantor of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced,
renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded. |
Notwithstanding the preceding, any Indebtedness incurred under
Credit Facilities pursuant to the covenant Incurrence of
Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock shall be
subject only to the refinancing provision in the definition of
Credit Facilities and not pursuant to the requirements set forth
in the definition of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness.
Person means any individual, corporation,
partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company,
trust, unincorporated organization, limited liability company or
government or other entity.
Production Payments means, collectively,
Dollar-Denominated Production Payments and Volumetric Production
Payments.
Restricted Investment means an Investment
other than a Permitted Investment.
Restricted Subsidiary of a Person means any
Subsidiary of the referent Person that is not an Unrestricted
Subsidiary.
Senior Debt means
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(1) all Indebtedness of the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding under Credit Facilities and
all Hedging Obligations with respect thereto; |
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(2) any other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries permitted to be incurred under the terms
of the indenture, unless the instrument under which such
Indebtedness is incurred expressly provides that it is on a
parity with or subordinated in right of payment to the notes or
any Subsidiary Guarantee; and |
S-66
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(3) all Obligations with respect to the items listed in the
preceding clauses (1) and (2). |
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding
sentence, Senior Debt will not include:
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(a) any intercompany Indebtedness of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries to the Company or any of its Affiliates; |
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(b) the 2012 Notes; or |
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(c) any Indebtedness that is incurred in violation of the
indenture. |
For the avoidance of doubt, Senior Debt will not
include any trade payables or taxes owed or owing by the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary.
Significant Subsidiary means any Subsidiary
that would be a significant subsidiary as defined in
Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X,
promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation
is in effect on the date of the indenture.
Stated Maturity means, with respect to any
installment of interest or principal on any series of
Indebtedness, the date on which the payment of interest or
principal was scheduled to be paid in the original documentation
governing such Indebtedness, and will not include any contingent
obligations to repay, redeem or repurchase any such interest or
principal prior to the date originally scheduled for the payment
thereof.
Subsidiary means, with respect to any
specified Person:
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(1) any corporation, association or other business entity
(other than a partnership) of which more than 50% of the total
voting power of Voting Stock is at the time owned or controlled,
directly or through another Subsidiary, by that Person or one or
more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person (or a combination
thereof); and |
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(2) any partnership (a) the sole general partner or
the managing general partner of which is such Person or a
Subsidiary of such Person or (b) the only general partners
of which are that Person or one or more Subsidiaries of that
Person (or any combination thereof), but only if such Person and
its Subsidiaries are entitled to receive more than 20% of the
assets of such partnership upon its dissolution. |
Subsidiary Guarantee means any guarantee by a
Guarantor of the Companys payment Obligations under the
indenture and on the notes.
2012 Notes means the Companys
71/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012.
Unrestricted Subsidiary means any Subsidiary
of the Company (other than Whiting) that is designated by the
Board of Directors as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to a
Board Resolution, but only to the extent that such Subsidiary:
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(1) has no Indebtedness other than Non-Recourse Debt; |
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(2) is not party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or
understanding with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of
the Company unless the terms of any such agreement, contract,
arrangement or understanding are no less favorable to the
Company or such Restricted Subsidiary than those that might be
obtained at the time from Persons who are not Affiliates of the
Company; |
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(3) is a Person with respect to which neither the Company
nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has any direct or
indirect obligation (a) to subscribe for additional Equity
Interests or (b) to maintain or preserve such Persons
financial condition or to cause such Person to achieve any
specified levels of operating results; and |
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(4) has not guaranteed or otherwise directly or indirectly
provided credit support for any Indebtedness of the Company or
any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. |
S-67
Any designation of a Subsidiary of the Company as an
Unrestricted Subsidiary will be evidenced to the trustee by
filing with the trustee the Board Resolution giving effect to
such designation and an officers certificate certifying
that such designation complied with the preceding conditions and
was permitted by the covenant described above under the caption
Certain Covenants Restricted
Payments. If, at any time, any Unrestricted Subsidiary
would fail to meet the preceding requirements as an Unrestricted
Subsidiary, it will thereafter cease to be an Unrestricted
Subsidiary for purposes of the indenture and any Indebtedness of
such Subsidiary will be deemed to be incurred by a Restricted
Subsidiary of the Company as of such date and, if such
Indebtedness is not permitted to be incurred as of such date
under the covenant described under the caption
Certain Covenants Incurrence of
Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock, the Company
will be in default of such covenant.
Volumetric Production Payments means
production payment obligations recorded as deferred revenue in
accordance with GAAP, together with all related undertakings and
obligations.
Voting Stock of any Person as of any date
means the Capital Stock of such Person that is at the time
entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency)
to vote in the election of the Board of Directors of such Person.
Weighted Average Life to Maturity means, when
applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years
obtained by dividing:
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(1) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying
(a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking
fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal,
including payment at final maturity, in respect of the
Indebtedness, by (b) the number of years (calculated to the
nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the
making of such payment; by |
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(2) the then outstanding principal amount of such
Indebtedness. |
S-68
UNDERWRITING
We intend to offer the notes through the underwriters. Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and Lehman
Brothers Inc. are acting as the representatives of the
underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions
described in a purchase agreement among us and the underwriters,
we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and the underwriters
severally have agreed to purchase from us, the principal amount
of the notes listed opposite their names below.
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Principal | |
Underwriters |
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Amount | |
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Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated
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$ |
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Lehman Brothers Inc.
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Banc of America Securities LLC
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J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
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Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC
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A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc.
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KeyBanc Capital Markets, a Division of McDonald Investments
Inc.
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Petrie Parkman & Co., Inc.
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Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
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Total
|
|
$ |
220,000,000 |
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The underwriters have agreed to purchase all of the notes sold
under the purchase agreement if any of these notes are
purchased. If an underwriter defaults, the purchase agreement
provides that the purchase commitments of the nondefaulting
underwriters may be increased or the purchase agreement may be
terminated.
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain
liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or
to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to
make in respect of those liabilities.
The underwriters are offering the notes, subject to prior sale,
when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to
approval of legal matters by their counsel, including the
validity of the notes, and other conditions contained in the
purchase agreement, such as the receipt by the underwriters of
officers certificates and legal opinions. The underwriters
reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the
public and to reject orders in whole or part.
Commissions and Discounts
The representatives have advised us that the underwriters
propose initially to offer the notes to the public at the public
offering price on the cover page of this prospectus supplement
and to dealers at that price less a concession not in excess
of %
of the principal amount of the notes. The underwriters may
allow, and the dealers may reallow, a discount not in excess
of %
of the principal amount of the notes to other dealers. After the
initial public offering, the public offering price, concession
and discount may be changed.
The expenses of the offering, not including the underwriting
discount, are estimated at $290,000 and are payable by us.
S-69
No Sale of Similar Securities
We have agreed, with exceptions, not to sell or transfer any
debt securities (other than the notes) for 90 days after
the date of this prospectus supplement without first obtaining
the written consent of Merrill Lynch. Specifically, we have
agreed not to directly or indirectly:
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offer, pledge, sell, or contract to sell any debt securities, |
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sell any option or contract to purchase any debt securities, |
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purchase any option or contract to sell any debt securities, |
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grant any option, right or warrant for the sale of any debt
securities, |
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file a registration statement for any debt securities other than
the notes, or |
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lend or otherwise dispose of or transfer any debt securities. |
This lockup provision applies to debt securities or any
securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for
debt securities.
New Issue of Notes
The notes are a new issue of securities with no established
trading market. We do not intend to apply for listing of the
notes on any national securities exchange or for quotation of
the notes on any automated dealer quotation system. The
underwriters have advised us that they presently intend to make
a market in the notes after completion of this offering.
However, they are under no obligation to do so and may
discontinue any market-making activities at any time without any
notice. We cannot assure the liquidity of the trading market for
the notes or that an active public market for the notes will
develop. If an active public trading market for the notes does
not develop, the market price and liquidity of the notes may be
adversely affected.
Price Stabilization and Short Positions
In connection with the offering, the underwriters may engage in
transactions that stabilize the market price of the notes. Such
transactions consist of bids or purchases to peg, fix or
maintain the price of the notes. If the underwriters create a
short position in the notes in connection with the offering,
i.e., if they sell more notes than are listed on the
cover page of this prospectus supplement, then the underwriters
may reduce that short position by purchasing notes in the open
market. Purchases of a security to stabilize the price or to
reduce a short position may cause the price of the security to
be higher than it might be in the absence of such purchases.
Neither we nor any of the underwriters makes any representation
or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect
that the transactions describe above may have on the price of
the notes. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters
makes any representation that the underwriters will engage in
these transactions or that these transactions, once commenced,
will not be discontinued without notice.
Electronic Distribution
Merrill Lynch will be facilitating Internet distribution for
this offering to certain of its Internet subscription customers.
Merrill Lynch intends to allocate a limited principal amount of
the notes for sale to its online brokerage customers. An
electronic prospectus supplement is available on the Internet
Web site maintained by Merrill Lynch.
A prospectus supplement in electronic format may be made
available on the Internet sites or through other online services
maintained by one or more of the other underwriters and/or
selling group members participating in this offering, or by
their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view
offering terms online and, depending upon the particular
underwriter or selling group member, prospective investors may
be allowed to place orders online. Certain underwriters may
agree with us to allocate a
S-70
specific principal amount of the notes for sale to online
brokerage account holders. Any such allocation for online
distributions will be made by the underwriters on the same basis
as other allocations.
Other than the prospectus supplement in electronic format, the
information on any underwriters or selling group
members web site and any information contained in any
other web site maintained by an underwriter or selling group
member is not part of the registration statement of which this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus forms a
part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or any
underwriter or selling group member in its capacity as
underwriter or selling group member and should not be relied
upon by investors.
Other Relationships
Some of the underwriters and their affiliates have engaged in,
and may in the future engage in, investment banking, commercial
banking and other commercial dealings with us in the ordinary
course of business. In addition, the trustee for the notes is an
affiliate of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Affiliates of Banc
of America Securities LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.,
KeyBanc Capital Markets, a Division of McDonald Investments Inc.
and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC are lenders under Whiting Oil
and Gas Corporations bank credit facility and each will
receive its proportionate share of the net proceeds of the
offering used to repay a portion of the outstanding balance
under the credit facility.
S-71
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters relating to this offering will be passed
upon for us by the law firm of Foley & Lardner LLP.
Welborn Sullivan Meck & Tooley, P.C. will pass on
certain legal matters for us relating to us and our subsidiaries
in connection with this offering. Certain legal matters relating
to this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by the
law firm of Vinson & Elkins L.L.P.
EXPERTS
The financial statements, the related financial statement
schedule, and managements report on the effectiveness of
internal control over financial reporting incorporated in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus by
reference from Whiting Petroleum Corporations Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2004 have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP,
an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in
their reports, which are incorporated herein by reference (which
report expresses an unqualified opinion and contains an
explanatory paragraph that describes a change in the method of
accounting for asset retirement obligations effective
January 1, 2003), and have been so incorporated in reliance
upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as
experts in accounting and auditing.
Certain information with respect to our oil and natural gas
reserves derived from the reports of Cawley Gillespie &
Associates, Inc., R.A. Lenser & Associates, Inc.
and Ryder Scott Company, L.P., each independent petroleum
engineering consultants, has been incorporated in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus by
reference from Whiting Petroleum Corporations Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2004 on the authority of said firms as experts in petroleum
engineering.
S-72
PROSPECTUS
$500,000,000
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
Debt Securities
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants
Stock Purchase Contracts
Stock Purchase Units
We may offer and sell from time to time up to an aggregate
initial offering price of $500,000,000 of our securities in one
or more classes or series and in amounts, at prices and on terms
that we will determine at the times of the offerings. Our
subsidiaries may guarantee any debt securities that we issue
under this prospectus.
We will provide specific terms of the securities, including the
offering prices, in one or more supplements to this prospectus.
The supplements may also add, update or change information
contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus
and the prospectus supplement relating to the specific issue of
securities carefully before you invest.
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under
the symbol WLL.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
The date of this prospectus is January 14, 2005.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
In this prospectus, we, us,
our or ours refer to Whiting Petroleum
Corporation.
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC,
utilizing a shelf registration process. Under this
shelf process, we may, from time to time, sell the securities or
combinations of the securities described in this prospectus in
one or more offerings with a maximum aggregate offering price of
up to $500,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general
description of the securities that we may offer. Each time we
offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that
will contain specific information about the terms of that
offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or
change information contained in this prospectus. You should read
both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with
additional information described under the heading Where
You Can Find More Information.
You should rely only on the information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus and in any
prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any other person
to provide you with different information. If anyone provides
you with different or inconsistent information, you should not
rely on it. We are not making offers to sell or solicitations to
buy the securities in any jurisdiction in which an offer or
solicitation is not authorized or in which the person making
that offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so or to
anyone to whom it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation.
You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or
any prospectus supplement, as well as the information we
previously filed with the SEC that we incorporate by reference
in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, is accurate as
of any date other than its respective date. Our business,
financial condition, results of operations and prospects may
have changed since those dates.
2
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference
contain statements that we believe to be forward looking
statements within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than
historical facts, including, without limitation, statements
regarding our future financial position, business strategy,
projected revenues, earnings, costs, capital expenditures and
debt levels, and plans and objectives of management for future
operations, are forward looking statements. When used in this
prospectus, words such as we expect,
intend, plan, estimate,
anticipate, believe or
should or the negative thereof or variations thereon
or similar terminology are generally intended to identify
forward looking statements. Such forward looking statements are
subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual
results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied
by, such statements. Some, but not all, of the risks and
uncertainties include:
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declines in oil or natural gas prices; |
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our level of success in exploitation, exploration, development
and production activities; |
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our ability to obtain external capital to finance acquisitions; |
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our ability to identify and complete acquisitions and to
successfully integrate acquired businesses, including our
ability to realize cost savings from completed acquisitions; |
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unforeseen underperformance of or liabilities associated with
acquired properties; |
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inaccuracies of our reserve estimates or our assumptions
underlying them; |
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failure of our properties to yield oil or natural gas in
commercially viable quantities; |
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uninsured or underinsured losses resulting from our oil and
natural gas operations; |
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our inability to access oil and natural gas markets due to
market conditions or operational impediments; |
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the impact and costs of compliance with laws and regulations
governing our oil and natural gas operations; |
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risks related to our level of indebtedness; |
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our ability to replace our oil and natural gas reserves; |
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any loss of our senior management or technical personnel; |
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competition in the oil and natural gas industry; |
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risks arising out of our hedging transactions; and |
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other risks described in documents we incorporate by reference. |
We assume no obligation, and disclaim any duty, to update the
forward looking statements in this prospectus or in the
documents we incorporate by reference.
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
We are engaged in oil and natural gas exploitation, acquisition,
exploration and production activities primarily in the Permian
Basin, Rocky Mountains, Gulf Coast, Michigan, Mid-Continent and
California regions of the United States. Our focus is on
pursuing growth projects that we believe will generate
attractive rates of return and maintaining a balanced portfolio
of lower risk, long-lived oil and natural gas properties that
provide stable cash flows. Since our inception in 1980, we have
built a strong asset base and achieved steady growth through
both property acquisitions and exploitation activities.
Our principal executive offices are located at 1700 Broadway,
Suite 2300, Denver, Colorado 80290-2300, and our telephone
number is (303) 837-1661.
3
USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus
supplement, we expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of
the securities for general corporate purposes, which may include
reduction or refinancing of debt or other corporate obligations,
the financing of capital expenditures, acquisitions and
additions to our working capital. Until we use the net proceeds
from the sale of the securities for these purposes, we may place
the net proceeds in temporary investments.
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
The following table presents our ratios of consolidated earnings
to fixed charges for the periods presented.
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Nine Months |
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Ended |
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Years Ended December 31, |
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September 30, |
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2004 |
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2003 |
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2002 |
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2001 |
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2000 |
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1999 |
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Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(1)
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7.27x |
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4.85x |
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2.08x |
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6.10x |
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6.93x |
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3.32x |
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(1) |
For purposes of calculating the ratios of consolidated earnings
to fixed charges, earnings consist of income before income
taxes, fixed charges and amortization of capitalized interest,
less capitalized interest. Fixed charges consist of interest
expensed, interest capitalized, amortized premiums, discounts
and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness and an estimate
of interest within rental expense. |
We did not have any preferred stock outstanding and we did not
pay or accrue any preferred stock dividends during the periods
presented above.
4
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
This section describes the general terms and provisions of the
debt securities that we may issue separately, upon exercise of a
debt warrant, in connection with a stock purchase contract or as
part of a stock purchase unit from time to time in the form of
one or more series of debt securities. The applicable prospectus
supplement will describe the specific terms of the debt
securities offered through that prospectus supplement as well as
any general terms described in this section that will not apply
to those debt securities.
Any debt securities issued using this prospectus (Debt
Securities) will be our direct unsecured general
obligations. The Debt Securities will be either our senior debt
securities (Senior Debt Securities) or our
subordinated debt securities (Subordinated Debt
Securities). The Senior Debt Securities and the
Subordinated Debt Securities will be issued under separate
Indentures among us, certain of our domestic subsidiaries, if
our domestic subsidiaries are guarantors of the Debt Securities,
and a U.S. banking institution (a Trustee). The
Trustee for each series of Debt Securities will be identified in
the applicable prospectus supplement. Senior Debt Securities
will be issued under a Senior Indenture and
Subordinated Debt Securities will be issued under a
Subordinated Indenture. Together, the Senior
Indenture and the Subordinated Indenture are called
Indentures.
We are a holding company, and we primarily conduct our
operations through subsidiaries. Unless the Debt Securities are
guaranteed by our subsidiaries as described below, the rights of
our company and our creditors, including holders of the Debt
Securities, to participate in the assets of any subsidiary upon
the latters liquidation or reorganization, will be subject
to the prior claims of the subsidiarys creditors, except
to the extent that we may ourself be a creditor with recognized
claims against such subsidiary.
We have summarized selected provisions of the Indentures below.
The summary is not complete. The form of each Indenture has been
filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement
of which this prospectus is a part, and you should read the
Indentures for provisions that may be important to you. In the
summary below we have included references to article or section
numbers of the applicable Indenture so that you can easily
locate these provisions. Whenever we refer in this prospectus or
in the prospectus supplement to particular article or sections
or defined terms of the Indentures, those article or sections or
defined terms are incorporated by reference herein or therein,
as applicable. Capitalized terms used in the summary have the
meanings specified in the Indentures.
General
The Indentures provide that Debt Securities in separate series
may be issued thereunder from time to time without limitation as
to aggregate principal amount. We may specify a maximum
aggregate principal amount for the Debt Securities of any series
(Section 301). We will determine the terms and conditions
of the Debt Securities, including the maturity, principal and
interest, but those terms must be consistent with the Indenture.
The Senior Debt Securities will rank equally with all of our
other senior unsecured and unsubordinated debt (Senior
Debt). The Subordinated Debt Securities will be
subordinated in right of payment to the prior payment in full of
all of our Senior Debt (as defined) as described under
Subordination of Subordinated Debt
Securities and in the prospectus supplement applicable to
any Subordinated Debt Securities.
If specified in the prospectus supplement, certain of our
domestic subsidiaries (the Subsidiary Guarantors)
will fully and unconditionally guarantee (the Subsidiary
Guarantees) on a joint and several basis the Debt
Securities as described under Subsidiary
Guarantees and in the prospectus supplement. The
Subsidiary Guarantees will be unsecured obligations of each
Subsidiary Guarantor. Subsidiary Guarantees of Subordinated Debt
Securities will be subordinated to the Senior Debt of the
Subsidiary Guarantors on the same basis as the Subordinated Debt
Securities are subordinated to our Senior Debt
(Article Thirteen).
5
The applicable prospectus supplement will set forth the price or
prices at which the Debt Securities to be offered will be issued
and will describe the following terms of such Debt Securities:
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(1) the title of the Debt Securities; |
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(2) whether the Debt Securities are Senior Debt Securities
or Subordinated Debt Securities and, if Subordinated Debt
Securities, the related subordination terms; |
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(3) whether any of the Subsidiary Guarantors will provide
Subsidiary Guarantees of the Debt Securities; |
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(4) any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the Debt
Securities; |
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(5) the dates on which the principal of the Debt Securities
will be payable; |
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(6) the interest rate that the Debt Securities will bear
and the interest payment dates for the Debt Securities; |
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(7) the places where payments on the Debt Securities will
be payable; |
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(8) any terms upon which the Debt Securities may be
redeemed, in whole or in part, at our option; |
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(9) any sinking fund or other provisions that would
obligate us to repurchase or otherwise redeem the Debt
Securities; |
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(10) the portion of the principal amount, if less than all,
of the Debt Securities that will be payable upon declaration of
acceleration of the Maturity of the Debt Securities; |
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(11) whether the Debt Securities are defeasible; |
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(12) any addition to or change in the Events of Default; |
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(13) whether the Debt Securities are convertible into our
common stock and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which
conversion will be effected, including the initial conversion
price or conversion rate and any adjustments thereto and the
conversion period; |
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(14) if convertible into our common stock or any of our
other securities, the terms on which such Debt Securities are
convertible; |
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(15) any addition to or change in the covenants in the
Indenture applicable to the Debt Securities; and |
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(16) any other terms of the Debt Securities not
inconsistent with the provisions of the Indenture
(Section 301). |
The Indentures do not limit the amount of Debt Securities that
may be issued. Each Indenture allows Debt Securities to be
issued up to the principal amount that may be authorized by our
company and may be in any currency or currency unit designated
by us.
Debt Securities, including Original Issue Discount Securities,
may be sold at a substantial discount below their principal
amount. Special United States federal income tax considerations
applicable to Debt Securities sold at an original issue discount
may be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. In
addition, special United States federal income tax or other
considerations applicable to any Debt Securities that are
denominated in a currency or currency unit other than United
States dollars may be described in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Senior Debt Securities
The Senior Debt Securities will be unsecured senior obligations
and will rank equally with all other senior unsecured and
unsubordinated debt. The Senior Debt Securities will, however,
be subordinated in right of payment to all our secured
indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets
6
securing such indebtedness. Except as provided in the applicable
Senior Indenture or specified in any authorizing resolution or
supplemental indenture relating to a series of Senior Debt
Securities to be issued, no Senior Indenture will limit the
amount of additional indebtedness that may rank equally with the
Senior Debt Securities or the amount of indebtedness, secured or
otherwise, that may be incurred or preferred stock that may be
issued by any of our subsidiaries.
Subordination of Subordinated Debt Securities
The indebtedness evidenced by the Subordinated Debt Securities
will, to the extent set forth in the Subordinated Indenture with
respect to each series of Subordinated Debt Securities, be
subordinate in right of payment to the prior payment in full of
all of our Senior Debt, including the Senior Debt Securities,
and it may also be senior in right of payment to all of our
Subordinated Debt (Article Twelve of the Subordinated
Indenture). The prospectus supplement relating to any
Subordinated Debt Securities will summarize the subordination
provisions of the Subordinated Indenture applicable to that
series including:
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the applicability and effect of such provisions upon any payment
or distribution respecting that series following any
liquidation, dissolution or other winding-up, or any assignment
for the benefit of creditors or other marshaling of assets or
any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceedings; |
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the applicability and effect of such provisions in the event of
specified defaults with respect to any Senior Debt, including
the circumstances under which and the periods in which we will
be prohibited from making payments on the Subordinated Debt
Securities; and |
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the definition of Senior Debt applicable to the Subordinated
Debt Securities of that series and, if the series is issued on a
senior subordinated basis, the definition of Subordinated Debt
applicable to that series. |
The prospectus supplement will also describe as of a recent date
the approximate amount of Senior Debt to which the Subordinated
Debt Securities of that series will be subordinated.
The failure to make any payment on any of the Subordinated Debt
Securities by reason of the subordination provisions of the
Subordinated Indenture described in the prospectus supplement
will not be construed as preventing the occurrence of an Event
of Default with respect to the Subordinated Debt Securities
arising from any such failure to make payment.
The subordination provisions described above will not be
applicable to payments in respect of the Subordinated Debt
Securities from a defeasance trust established in connection
with any legal defeasance or covenant defeasance of the
Subordinated Debt Securities as described under
Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance.
Subsidiary Guarantees
If specified in the prospectus supplement, the Subsidiary
Guarantors will guarantee the Debt Securities of a series.
Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the
following provisions will apply to the Subsidiary Guarantees of
the Subsidiary Guarantors.
Subject to the limitations described below and in the prospectus
supplement, the Subsidiary Guarantors will, jointly and
severally, fully and unconditionally guarantee the prompt
payment when due, whether at Stated Maturity, by acceleration or
otherwise, of all our payment obligations under the Indentures
and the Debt Securities of a series, whether for principal of,
premium, if any, or interest on the Debt Securities or otherwise
(all such obligations guaranteed by a Subsidiary Guarantor being
herein called the Guaranteed Obligations). The
Subsidiary Guarantors will also pay all expenses (including
reasonable counsel fees and expenses) incurred by the applicable
Trustee in enforcing any rights under a Subsidiary Guarantee
with respect to a Subsidiary Guarantor (Section 1302).
7
In the case of Subordinated Debt Securities, a Subsidiary
Guarantors Subsidiary Guarantee will be subordinated in
right of payment to the Senior Debt of such Subsidiary Guarantor
on the same basis as the Subordinated Debt Securities are
subordinated to our Senior Debt. No payment will be made by any
Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee during any
period in which payments by us on the Subordinated Debt
Securities are suspended by the subordination provisions of the
Subordinated Indenture (Article Fourteen of the
Subordinated Indenture).
Each Subsidiary Guarantee will be limited in amount to an amount
not to exceed the maximum amount that can be guaranteed by the
relevant Subsidiary Guarantor without rendering such Subsidiary
Guarantee voidable under applicable law relating to fraudulent
conveyance or fraudulent transfer or similar laws affecting the
rights of creditors generally (Section 1306).
Each Subsidiary Guarantee will be a continuing guarantee and
will:
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(1) remain in full force and effect
until either (a) payment in full of all the applicable Debt
Securities (or such Debt Securities are otherwise satisfied and
discharged in accordance with the provisions of the applicable
Indenture) or (b) released as described in the following
paragraph; |
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(2) be binding upon each Subsidiary
Guarantor; and |
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(3) inure to the benefit of and be
enforceable by the applicable Trustee, the Holders and their
successors, transferees and assigns. |
In the event that a Subsidiary Guarantor ceases to be a
Subsidiary, either legal defeasance or covenant defeasance
occurs with respect to the series or all or substantially all of
the assets or all of the Capital Stock of such Subsidiary
Guarantor is sold, including by way of sale, merger,
consolidation or otherwise, such Subsidiary Guarantor will be
released and discharged of its obligations under its Subsidiary
Guarantee without any further action required on the part of the
Trustee or any Holder, and no other person acquiring or owning
the assets or Capital Stock of such Subsidiary Guarantor will be
required to enter into a Subsidiary Guarantee
(Section 1304). In addition, the prospectus supplement may
specify additional circumstances under which a Subsidiary
Guarantor can be released from its Subsidiary Guarantee.
Conversion Rights
The Debt Securities may be converted into other securities of
our company, if at all, according to the terms and conditions of
an applicable prospectus supplement. Such terms will include the
conversion price, the conversion period, provisions as to
whether conversion will be at the option of the holders of such
series of Debt Securities or at the option of our company, the
events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price and
provisions affecting conversion in the event of the redemption
of such series of Debt Securities.
Form, Exchange and Transfer
The Debt Securities of each series will be issuable only in
fully registered form, without coupons, and, unless otherwise
specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, only in
denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof
(Section 302).
At the option of the Holder, subject to the terms of the
applicable Indenture and the limitations applicable to Global
Securities, Debt Securities of each series will be exchangeable
for other Debt Securities of the same series of any authorized
denomination and of a like tenor and aggregate principal amount
(Section 305).
Subject to the terms of the applicable Indenture and the
limitations applicable to Global Securities, Debt Securities may
be presented for exchange as provided above or for registration
of transfer (duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed
thereon duly executed) at the office of the Security Registrar
or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for such
purpose. No service charge will be
8
made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Debt
Securities, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in that
connection. Such transfer or exchange will be effected upon the
Security Registrar or such transfer agent, as the case may be,
being satisfied with the documents of title and identity of the
person making the request. The Security Registrar and any other
transfer agent initially designated by us for any Debt
Securities will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement
(Section 305). We may at any time designate additional
transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent
or approve a change in the office through which any transfer
agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a
transfer agent in each Place of Payment for the Debt Securities
of each series (Section 1002).
If the Debt Securities of any series (or of any series and
specified tenor) are to be redeemed in part, we will not be
required to (1) issue, register the transfer of or exchange
any Debt Security of that series (or of that series and
specified tenor, as the case may be) during a period beginning
at the opening of business 15 days before the day of
mailing of a notice of redemption of any such Debt Security that
may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of
business on the day of such mailing or (2) register the
transfer of or exchange any Debt Security so selected for
redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion
of any such Debt Security being redeemed in part
(Section 305).
Global Securities
Some or all of the Debt Securities of any series may be
represented, in whole or in part, by one or more Global
Securities that will have an aggregate principal amount equal to
that of the Debt Securities they represent. Each Global Security
will be registered in the name of a Depositary or its nominee
identified in the applicable prospectus supplement, will be
deposited with such Depositary or nominee or its custodian and
will bear a legend regarding the restrictions on exchanges and
registration of transfer thereof referred to below and any such
other matters as may be provided for pursuant to the applicable
Indenture.
Notwithstanding any provision of the Indentures or any Debt
Security described in this prospectus, no Global Security may be
exchanged in whole or in part for Debt Securities registered,
and no transfer of a Global Security in whole or in part may be
registered, in the name of any person other than the Depositary
for such Global Security or any nominee of such Depositary
unless:
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(1) the Depositary has notified us
that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for
such Global Security or has ceased to be qualified to act as
such as required by the applicable Indenture, and in either case
we fail to appoint a successor Depositary within 90 days; |
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(2) an Event of Default with
respect to the Debt Securities represented by such Global
Security has occurred and is continuing and the Trustee has
received a written request from the Depositary to issue
certificated Debt Securities; or |
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(3) other circumstances exist, in
addition to or in lieu of those described above, as may be
described in the applicable prospectus supplement. |
All Debt Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security or
any portion thereof will be registered in such names as the
Depositary may direct (Sections 205 and 305).
As long as the Depositary, or its nominee, is the registered
holder of a Global Security, the Depositary or such nominee, as
the case may be, will be considered the sole owner and Holder of
such Global Security and the Debt Securities that it represents
for all purposes under the Debt Securities and the applicable
Indenture (Section 308). Except in the limited
circumstances referred to above, owners of beneficial interests
in a Global Security will not be entitled to have such Global
Security or any Debt Securities that it represents registered in
their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical
delivery of certificated Debt Securities in exchange for those
interests and will not be considered to be the owners or Holders
of such Global Security or any Debt Securities that is
represents for any purpose under the Debt Securities or the
applicable Indenture. All payments on a Global Security will be
made to the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as
the Holder of the security. The laws of some
9
jurisdictions require that some purchasers of Debt Securities
take physical delivery of such Debt Securities in definitive
form. These laws may impair the ability to transfer beneficial
interests in a Global Security.
Ownership of beneficial interests in a Global Security will be
limited to institutions that have accounts with the Depositary
or its nominee (participants) and to persons that
may hold beneficial interests through participants. In
connection with the issuance of any Global Security, the
Depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and
transfer system, the respective principal amounts of Debt
Securities represented by the Global Security to the accounts of
its participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in a Global
Security will be shown only on, and the transfer of those
ownership interests will be effected only through, records
maintained by the Depositary (with respect to participants
interests) or any such participant (with respect to interests of
persons held by such participants on their behalf). Payments,
transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to beneficial
interests in a Global Security may be subject to various
policies and procedures adopted by the Depositary from time to
time. None of us, the Subsidiary Guarantors, any Trustee or the
agents of ourself, the Subsidiary Guarantors or any Trustee will
have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the
Depositarys or any participants records relating to,
or for payments made on account of, beneficial interests in a
Global Security, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing
any records relating to such beneficial interests.
Payment and Paying Agents
Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus
supplement, payment of interest on a Debt Security on any
Interest Payment Date will be made to the Person in whose name
such Debt Security (or one or more Predecessor Debt Securities)
is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record
Date for such interest (Section 307).
Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus
supplement, principal of and any premium and interest on the
Debt Securities of a particular series will be payable at the
office of such Paying Agent or Paying Agents as we may designate
for such purpose from time to time, except that at our option
payment of any interest on Debt Securities in certificated form
may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person
entitled thereto as such address appears in the Security
Register. Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable
prospectus supplement, the corporate trust office of the Trustee
under the Senior Indenture in The City of New York will be
designated as sole Paying Agent for payments with respect to
Senior Debt Securities of each series, and the corporate trust
office of the Trustee under the Subordinated Indenture in The
City of New York will be designated as the sole Paying Agent for
payment with respect to Subordinated Debt Securities of each
series. Any other Paying Agents initially designated by us for
the Debt Securities of a particular series will be named in the
applicable prospectus supplement. We may at any time designate
additional Paying Agents or rescind the designation of any
Paying Agent or approve a change in the office through which any
Paying Agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a
Paying Agent in each Place of Payment for the Debt Securities of
a particular series (Section 1002).
All money paid by us to a Paying Agent for the payment of the
principal of or any premium or interest on any Debt Security
which remain unclaimed at the end of two years after such
principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will
be repaid to us, and the Holder of such Debt Security thereafter
may look only to us for payment (Section 1003).
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
We may not consolidate with or merge into, or transfer, lease or
otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets to,
any Person (a successor Person), and may not permit
any Person to consolidate with or merge into us, unless:
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(1) the successor Person (if any)
is a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity organized
and validly existing under the laws of any domestic jurisdiction
and assumes our obligations on the Debt Securities and under the
Indentures; |
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(2) immediately before and after
giving pro forma effect to the transaction, no Event of Default,
and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would
become an Event of Default, has occurred and is
continuing; and |
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(3) several other conditions,
including any additional conditions with respect to any
particular Debt Securities specified in the applicable
prospectus supplement, are met (Section 801). |
Events of Default
Unless otherwise specified in the prospectus supplement, each of
the following will constitute an Event of Default under the
applicable Indenture with respect to Debt Securities of any
series:
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(1) failure to pay principal of or
any premium on any Debt Security of that series when due,
whether or not, in the case of Subordinated Debt Securities,
such payment is prohibited by the subordination provisions of
the Subordinated Indenture; |
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(2) failure to pay any interest on
any Debt Securities of that series when due, continued for
30 days, whether or not, in the case of Subordinated Debt
Securities, such payment is prohibited by the subordination
provisions of the Subordinated Indenture; |
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(3) failure to deposit any sinking
fund payment, when due, in respect of any Debt Security of that
series, whether or not, in the case of Subordinated Debt
Securities, such deposit is prohibited by the subordination
provisions of the Subordinated Indenture; |
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(4) failure to perform or comply
with the provisions described under
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets; |
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(5) failure to perform any of our
other covenants in such Indenture (other than a covenant
included in such Indenture solely for the benefit of a series
other than that series), continued for 60 days after
written notice has been given by the applicable Trustee, or the
Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding
Debt Securities of that series, as provided in such Indenture; |
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(6) Indebtedness of ourself, any
Significant Subsidiary or, if a Subsidiary Guarantor has
guaranteed the series, such Subsidiary Guarantor, is not paid
within any applicable grace period after final maturity or is
accelerated by its holders because of a default and the total
amount of such Indebtedness unpaid or accelerated exceeds
$20.0 million; |
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(7) any judgment or decree for the
payment of money in excess of $20.0 million is entered
against us, any Significant Subsidiary or, if a Subsidiary
Guarantor has guaranteed the series, such Subsidiary Guarantor,
remains outstanding for a period of 60 consecutive days
following entry of such judgment and is not discharged, waived
or stayed; |
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(8) certain events of bankruptcy,
insolvency or reorganization affecting us, any Significant
Subsidiary or, if a Subsidiary Guarantor has guaranteed the
series, such Subsidiary Guarantor; and |
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(9) if any Subsidiary Guarantor has
guaranteed such series, the Subsidiary Guarantee of any such
Subsidiary Guarantor is held by a final non-appealable order or
judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction to be
unenforceable or invalid or ceases for any reason to be in full
force and effect (other than in accordance with the terms of the
applicable Indenture) or any Subsidiary Guarantor or any Person
acting on behalf of any Subsidiary Guarantor denies or
disaffirms such Subsidiary Guarantors obligations under
its Subsidiary Guarantee (other than by reason of a release of
such Subsidiary Guarantor from its Subsidiary Guarantee in
accordance with the terms of the applicable Indenture)
(Section 501). |
If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default with
respect to Whiting Petroleum Corporation described in
clause (8) above) with respect to the Debt Securities of
any series at the time
11
Outstanding occurs and is continuing, either the applicable
Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of
the Outstanding Debt Securities of that series by notice as
provided in the Indenture may declare the principal amount of
the Debt Securities of that series (or, in the case of any Debt
Security that is an Original Issue Discount Debt Security, such
portion of the principal amount of such Debt Security as may be
specified in the terms of such Debt Security) to be due and
payable immediately. If an Event of Default with respect to
Whiting Petroleum Corporation described in clause (8) above
with respect to the Debt Securities of any series at the time
Outstanding occurs, the principal amount of all the Debt
Securities of that series (or, in the case of any such Original
Issue Discount Security, such specified amount) will
automatically, and without any action by the applicable Trustee
or any Holder, become immediately due and payable. After any
such acceleration, but before a judgment or decree based on
acceleration, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of
the Outstanding Debt Securities of that series may, under
certain circumstances, rescind and annul such acceleration if
all Events of Default, other than the non-payment of accelerated
principal (or other specified amount), have been cured or waived
as provided in the applicable Indenture (Section 502). For
information as to waiver of defaults, see
Modification and Waiver below.
Subject to the provisions of the Indentures relating to the
duties of the Trustees in case an Event of Default has occurred
and is continuing, each Trustee will be under no obligation to
exercise any of its rights or powers under the applicable
Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders,
unless such Holders have offered to such Trustee reasonable
indemnity (Section 603). Subject to such provisions for the
indemnification of the Trustees, the Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of any
series will have the right to direct the time, method and place
of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the
Trustee with respect to the Debt Securities of that series
(Section 512).
No Holder of a Debt Security of any series will have any right
to institute any proceeding with respect to the applicable
Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or a trustee, or
for any other remedy thereunder, unless:
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(1) such Holder has previously
given to the Trustee under the applicable Indenture written
notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Debt
Securities of that series; |
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(2) the Holders of at least 25% in
principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of that
series have made written request, and such Holder or Holders
have offered reasonable indemnity, to the Trustee to institute
such proceeding as trustee; and |
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(3) the Trustee has failed to
institute such proceeding, and has not received from the Holders
of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Debt
Securities of that series a direction inconsistent with such
request, within 60 days after such notice, request and
offer (Section 507). |
However, such limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a
Holder of a Debt Security for the enforcement of payment of the
principal of or any premium or interest on such Debt Security on
or after the applicable due date specified in such Debt Security
or, if applicable, to convert such Debt Security
(Section 508).
We will be required to furnish to each Trustee annually a
statement by certain of our officers as to whether or not we, to
their knowledge, are in default in the performance or observance
of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of the applicable
Indenture and, if so, specifying all such known defaults
(Section 1004).
Modification and Waiver
Modifications and amendments of an Indenture may be made by us,
the Subsidiary Guarantors, if applicable, and the applicable
Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of each
series affected by such modification or amendment;
provided,
12
however, that no such modification or amendment may,
without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Debt
Security affected thereby:
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(1) change the Stated Maturity of
the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest
on, any Debt Security; |
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(2) reduce the principal amount of,
or any premium or interest on, any Debt Security; |
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(3) reduce the amount of principal
of an Original Issue Discount Security or any other Debt
Security payable upon acceleration of the Maturity thereof; |
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(4) change the place or currency of
payment of principal of, or any premium or interest on, any Debt
Security; |
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(5) impair the right to institute
suit for the enforcement of any payment due on or any conversion
right with respect to any Debt Security; |
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(6) modify the subordination
provisions in the case of Subordinated Debt Securities, or
modify any conversion provisions, in either case in a manner
adverse to the Holders of the Subordinated Debt Securities; |
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(7) except as provided in the
applicable Indenture, release the Subsidiary Guarantee of a
Subsidiary Guarantor; |
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(8) reduce the percentage in
principal amount of Outstanding Debt Securities of any series,
the consent of whose Holders is required for modification or
amendment of the Indenture; |
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(9) reduce the percentage in
principal amount of Outstanding Debt Securities of any series
necessary for waiver of compliance with certain provisions of
the Indenture or for waiver of certain defaults; or |
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(10) modify such provisions with
respect to modification, amendment or waiver (Section 902). |
The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding
Debt Securities of any series may waive compliance by us with
certain restrictive provisions of the applicable Indenture
(Section 1009). The Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of any series may
waive any past default under the applicable Indenture, except a
default in the payment of principal, premium or interest and
certain covenants and provisions of the Indenture which cannot
be amended without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding
Debt Security of such series (Section 513).
Each of the Indentures provides that in determining whether the
Holders of the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding
Debt Securities have given or taken any direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action under such Indenture as of any
date:
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(1) the principal amount of an
Original Issue Discount Security that will be deemed to be
Outstanding will be the amount of the principal that would be
due and payable as of such date upon acceleration of maturity to
such date; |
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(2) if, as of such date, the
principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of a Debt
Security is not determinable (for example, because it is based
on an index), the principal amount of such Debt Security deemed
to be Outstanding as of such date will be an amount determined
in the manner prescribed for such Debt Security; and |
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(3) the principal amount of a Debt
Security denominated in one or more foreign currencies or
currency units that will be deemed to be Outstanding will be the
United States-dollar equivalent, determined as of such date in
the manner prescribed for such Debt Security, of the principal
amount of such Debt Security (or, in the case of a Debt Security
described in clause (1) or (2) above, of the amount
described in such clause). |
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Certain Debt Securities, including those owned by us, any
Subsidiary Guarantor or any of our other Affiliates, will not be
deemed to be Outstanding (Section 101).
Except in certain limited circumstances, we will be entitled to
set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the
Holders of Outstanding Debt Securities of any series entitled to
give or take any direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
action under the applicable Indenture, in the manner and subject
to the limitations provided in the Indenture. In certain limited
circumstances, the Trustee will be entitled to set a record date
for action by Holders. If a record date is set for any action to
be taken by Holders of a particular series, only persons who are
Holders of Outstanding Debt Securities of that series on the
record date may take such action. To be effective, such action
must be taken by Holders of the requisite principal amount of
such Debt Securities within a specified period following the
record date. For any particular record date, this period will be
180 days or such other period as may be specified by us (or
the Trustee, if it set the record date), and may be shortened or
lengthened (but not beyond 180 days) from time to time
(Section 104).
Satisfaction and Discharge
Each Indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of
further effect as to all outstanding Debt Securities of any
series issued thereunder, when:
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(a) all outstanding Debt Securities
of that series that have been authenticated (except lost, stolen
or destroyed Debt Securities that have been replaced or paid and
Debt Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been
deposited in trust and thereafter repaid to us) have been
delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or |
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(b) all outstanding Debt Securities
of that series that have not been delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation have become due and payable or will become due and
payable at their Stated Maturity within one year or are to be
called for redemption within one year under arrangements
satisfactory to the Trustee and in any case we have irrevocably
deposited with the Trustee as trust funds money in an amount
sufficient, without consideration of any reinvestment of
interest, to pay the entire indebtedness of such Debt Securities
not delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal,
premium, if any, and accrued interest to the Stated Maturity or
redemption date; |
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(2) we have paid or caused to be
paid all other sums payable by us under the Indenture with
respect to the Debt Securities of that series; and |
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(3) we have delivered an
Officers Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the
Trustee stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction
and discharge of the Indenture with respect to the Debt
Securities of that series have been satisfied
(Article Four). |
Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance
If and to the extent indicated in the applicable prospectus
supplement, we may elect, at our option at any time, to have the
provisions of Section 1502, relating to defeasance and
discharge of indebtedness, which we call legal
defeasance or Section 1503, relating to defeasance of
certain restrictive covenants applied to the Debt Securities of
any series, or to any specified part of a series, which we call
covenant defeasance (Section 1501).
Legal Defeasance. The Indentures provide that, upon our
exercise of our option (if any) to have Section 1502
applied to any Debt Securities, we and, if applicable, each
Subsidiary Guarantor will be discharged from all our
obligations, and, if such Debt Securities are Subordinated Debt
Securities, the provisions of the Subordinated Indenture
relating to subordination will cease to be effective, with
respect to such Debt Securities (except for certain obligations
to convert, exchange or register the transfer of Debt
Securities, to replace stolen, lost or mutilated Debt
Securities, to maintain paying agencies and to hold
14
moneys for payment in trust) upon the deposit in trust for the
benefit of the Holders of such Debt Securities of money or
United States Government Obligations, or both, which, through
the payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in
accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount
sufficient to pay the principal of and any premium and interest
on such Debt Securities on the respective Stated Maturities in
accordance with the terms of the applicable Indenture and such
Debt Securities. Such defeasance or discharge may occur only if,
among other things:
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(1) we have delivered to the
applicable Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that we
have received from, or there has been published by, the United
States Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or there has been a
change in tax law, in either case to the effect that Holders of
such Debt Securities will not recognize gain or loss for federal
income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and legal
defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same
amount, in the same manner and at the same times as would have
been the case if such deposit and legal defeasance were not to
occur; |
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(2) no Event of Default or event
that with the passing of time or the giving of notice, or both,
shall constitute an Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing at the time of such deposit or, with respect to any
Event of Default described in clause (8) under
Events of Default, at any time until
121 days after such deposit; |
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(3) such deposit and legal
defeasance will not result in a breach or violation of, or
constitute a default under, any agreement or instrument to which
we are a party or by which we are bound; |
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(4) in the case of Subordinated
Debt Securities, at the time of such deposit, no default in the
payment of all or a portion of principal of (or premium, if any)
or interest on any of our Senior Debt shall have occurred and be
continuing, no event of default shall have resulted in the
acceleration of any of our Senior Debt and no other event of
default with respect to any of our Senior Debt shall have
occurred and be continuing permitting after notice or the lapse
of time, or both, the acceleration thereof; and |
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(5) we have delivered to the
Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such deposit
shall not cause the Trustee or the trust so created to be
subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940
(Sections 1502 and 1504). |
Covenant Defeasance. The Indentures provide that, upon
our exercise of our option (if any) to have Section 1503
applied to any Debt Securities, we may omit to comply with
certain restrictive covenants (but not to conversion, if
applicable), including those that may be described in the
applicable prospectus supplement, the occurrence of certain
Events of Default, which are described above in clause (5)
(with respect to such restrictive covenants) and
clauses (6), (7) and (9) under Events of
Default and any that may be described in the applicable
prospectus supplement, will not be deemed to either be or result
in an Event of Default and, if such Debt Securities are
Subordinated Debt Securities, the provisions of the Subordinated
Indenture relating to subordination will cease to be effective,
in each case with respect to such Debt Securities. In order to
exercise such option, we must deposit, in trust for the benefit
of the Holders of such Debt Securities, money or United States
Government Obligations, or both, which, through the payment of
principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with
their terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay
the principal of and any premium and interest on such Debt
Securities on the respective Stated Maturities in accordance
with the terms of the applicable Indenture and such Debt
Securities. Such covenant defeasance may occur only if we have
delivered to the applicable Trustee an Opinion of Counsel that
in effect says that Holders of such Debt Securities will not
recognize gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a
result of such deposit and covenant defeasance and will be
subject to federal income tax on the same amount, in the same
manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such
deposit and covenant defeasance were not to occur, and the
requirements set forth in clauses (2), (3), (4) and
(5) above are satisfied. If we exercise this option with respect
to any Debt Securities and such Debt Securities were declared
due and payable because of the occurrence of any Event of
Default, the amount of money and United States Government
Obligations so
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deposited in trust would be sufficient to pay amounts due on
such Debt Securities at the time of their respective Stated
Maturities but may not be sufficient to pay amounts due on such
Debt Securities upon any acceleration resulting from such Event
of Default. In such case, we would remain liable for such
payments (Sections 1503 and 1504).
If we exercise either our legal defeasance or covenant
defeasance option, any Subsidiary Guarantees will terminate
(Section 1304).
Notices
Notices to Holders of Debt Securities will be given by mail to
the addresses of such Holders as they may appear in the Security
Register (Sections 101 and 106).
Title
We, the Subsidiary Guarantors, the Trustees and any agent of us,
the Subsidiary Guarantors or a Trustee may treat the Person in
whose name a Debt Security is registered as the absolute owner
of the Debt Security (whether or not such Debt Security may be
overdue) for the purpose of making payment and for all other
purposes (Section 308).
Governing Law
The Indentures and the Debt Securities will be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, the law of the State of New York
(Section 112).
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
General
The authorized capital stock of Whiting Petroleum Corporation
consists of 75,000,000 shares of common stock,
$0.001 par value per share and 5,000,000 shares of
preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share.
The following description of our capital stock summarizes
general terms and provisions that apply to our capital stock.
Since this is only a summary it does not contain all of the
information that may be important to you. The summary is subject
to and qualified in its entirety by reference to our certificate
of incorporation and our by-laws, which are filed as exhibits to
the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part
and incorporated by reference into this prospectus. See
Where You Can Find More Information.
Common Stock
Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each
share held on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders
and do not have cumulative voting rights. Accordingly, holders
of a majority of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote
in any election of directors may elect all of the directors
standing for election. Holders of our common stock are entitled
to receive proportionately any dividends if and when such
dividends are declared by our board of directors, subject to any
preferential dividend rights of outstanding preferred stock.
Upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company,
the holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably
our net assets available after the payment of all debts and
other liabilities and subject to the prior rights of any
outstanding preferred stock. Holders of our common stock have no
preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. The
rights, preferences and privileges of holders of our common
stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the
rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock
that we may designate and issue in the future.
Preferred Stock
If we offer preferred stock, we will file the terms of the
preferred stock with the SEC and the prospectus supplement
relating to that offering will include a description of the
specific terms of the offering, including the following specific
terms:
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the series, the number of shares offered and the liquidation
value of the preferred stock; |
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the price at which the preferred stock will be issued; |
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the dividend rate, the dates on which the dividends will be
payable and other terms relating to the payment of dividends on
the preferred stock; |
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the liquidation preference of the preferred stock; |
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the voting rights of the preferred stock; |
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whether the preferred stock is redeemable or subject to a
sinking fund, and the terms of any such redemption or sinking
fund; |
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whether the preferred stock is convertible or exchangeable for
any other securities, and the terms of any such
conversion; and |
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any additional rights, preferences, qualifications, limitations
and restrictions of the preferred stock. |
Under the terms of our certificate of incorporation, our board
of directors is authorized to designate and issue shares of
preferred stock in one or more series without stockholder
approval. Our board of directors has discretion to determine the
rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including
voting
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rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption
privileges and liquidation preferences, of each series of
preferred stock.
It is not possible to state the actual effect of the issuance of
any shares of preferred stock upon the rights of holders of our
common stock until the board of directors determines the
specific rights of the holders of the preferred stock. However,
these effects might include:
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restricting dividends on the common stock; |
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diluting the voting power of the common stock; |
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impairing the liquidation rights of the common stock; and |
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delaying or preventing a change in control of our company. |
Delaware Anti-Takeover Law and Charter and By-law
Provisions
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the
Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, the statute
prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in
a business combination with an interested
stockholder for a period of three years after the date of
the transaction in which the person became an interested
stockholder, unless the business combination or the transaction
by which the person became an interested stockholder is approved
by the corporations board of directors and/or stockholders
in a prescribed manner or the person owns at least 85% of the
corporations outstanding voting stock after giving effect
to the transaction in which the person became an interested
stockholder. The term business combination includes
mergers, asset sales and other transactions resulting in a
financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Subject to
certain exceptions, an interested stockholder is a
person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or
within three years did own, 15% or more of the
corporations voting stock. A Delaware corporation may
opt out from the application of Section 203
through a provision in its certificate of incorporation or
by-laws. We have not opted out from the application
of Section 203.
Under our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, our board of
directors is divided into three classes, with staggered terms of
three years each. Each year the term of one class expires. Any
vacancies on the board of directors may be filled only by a
majority vote of the remaining directors. Our certificate of
incorporation and by-laws also provide that any director may be
removed from office, but only for cause and only by the
affirmative vote of the holders of at least 70% of the voting
power of our then outstanding capital stock entitled to vote
generally in the election of directors.
Our certificate of incorporation prohibits stockholders from
taking action by written consent without a meeting and provides
that meetings of stockholders may be called only by our chairman
of the board, our president or a majority of our board of
directors. Our by-laws further provide that nominations for the
election of directors and advance notice of other action to be
taken at meetings of stockholders must be given in the manner
provided in our by-laws, which contain detailed notice
requirements relating to nominations and other action.
The foregoing provisions of our certificate of incorporation and
by-laws and the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware
General Corporation Law could have the effect of delaying,
deferring or preventing a change of control of our company.
Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors
Our certificate of incorporation provides that our directors
will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for
monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director,
except for liability (1) for any breach of a
directors duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders,
(2) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which
involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law,
(3) under Section 174 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law, or (4) for any transaction from which the
director derives an improper personal benefit. Moreover, the
provisions do not apply to claims against a director for
violations of certain laws, including federal securities laws.
If the Delaware General Corporation Law is amended to
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authorize the further elimination or limitation of
directors liability, then the liability of our directors
will automatically be limited to the fullest extent provided by
law. Our certificate of incorporation and by-laws also contain
provisions to indemnify our directors and officers to the
fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation
Law. In addition, we may enter into indemnification agreements
with our directors and officers. These provisions and agreements
may have the practical effect in certain cases of eliminating
the ability of stockholders to collect monetary damages from our
directors and officers. We believe that these contractual
agreements and the provisions in our certificate of
incorporation and by-laws are necessary to attract and retain
qualified persons as directors and officers.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is
Computershare Trust Company, Inc.
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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
We may issue warrants for the purchase of debt securities,
preferred stock, common stock or other securities. Warrants may
be issued independently or together with debt securities,
preferred stock, or common stock offered by any prospectus
supplement and may be attached to or separate from any such
offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under
a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a
bank or trust company, as warrant agent, all as will be set
forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the particular
issue of warrants. The warrant agent will act solely as our
agent in connection with the warrants and will not assume any
obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any
holders of warrants or beneficial owners of warrants.
The following summary of certain provisions of the warrants does
not purport to be complete and is subject to, and is qualified
in its entirety by reference to, all provisions of the warrant
agreements.
Reference is made to the prospectus supplement relating to the
particular issue of warrants offered pursuant to such prospectus
supplement for the terms of and information relating to such
warrants, including, where applicable:
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the designation, aggregate principal amount, currencies,
denominations and terms of the series of debt securities
purchasable upon exercise of warrants to purchase debt
securities and the price at which such debt securities may be
purchased upon such exercise; |
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the number of shares of common stock purchasable upon the
exercise of warrants to purchase common stock and the price at
which such number of shares of common stock may be purchased
upon such exercise; |
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the number of shares and series of preferred stock purchasable
upon the exercise of warrants to purchase preferred stock and
the price at which such number of shares of such series of
preferred stock may be purchased upon such exercise; |
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the designation and number of units of other securities
purchasable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase other
securities and the price at which such number of units of such
other securities may be purchased upon such exercise; |
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the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall
commence and the date on which such right shall expire; |
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United States federal income tax consequences applicable to such
warrants; |
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the amount of warrants outstanding as of the most recent
practicable date; and |
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any other terms of such warrants. |
Warrants will be issued in registered form only. The exercise
price for warrants will be subject to adjustment in accordance
with the applicable prospectus supplement.
Each warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase such
principal amount of debt securities or such number of shares of
preferred stock, common stock or other securities at such
exercise price as shall in each case be set forth in, or
calculable from, the prospectus supplement relating to the
warrants, which exercise price may be subject to adjustment upon
the occurrence of certain events as set forth in such prospectus
supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date,
or such later date to which such expiration date may be extended
by us, unexercised warrants will become void. The place or
places where, and the manner in which, warrants may be exercised
shall be specified in the prospectus supplement relating to such
warrants.
Prior to the exercise of any warrants to purchase debt
securities, preferred stock, common stock or other securities,
holders of such warrants will not have any of the rights of
holders of debt securities, preferred stock, common stock or
other securities, as the case may be, purchasable upon such
exercise, including the right to receive payments of principal
of, premium, if any, or interest, if any, on the debt securities
purchasable upon such exercise or to enforce covenants in the
applicable Indenture, or to receive payments of dividends, if
any, on the preferred stock, or common stock purchasable upon
such exercise, or to exercise any applicable right to vote.
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DESCRIPTION OF STOCK PURCHASE CONTRACTS AND STOCK PURCHASE
UNITS
We may issue stock purchase contracts, including contracts
obligating holders to purchase from us, and obligating us to
sell to the holders, a specified number of shares of common
stock or other securities at a future date or dates, which we
refer to in this prospectus as stock purchase
contracts. The price per share of the securities and the
number of shares of the securities may be fixed at the time the
stock purchase contracts are issued or may be determined by
reference to a specific formula set forth in the stock purchase
contracts. The stock purchase contracts may be issued separately
or as part of units consisting of a stock purchase contract and
debt securities, preferred securities, warrants, other
securities or debt obligations of third parties, including
U.S. treasury securities, securing the holders
obligations to purchase the securities under the stock purchase
contracts, which we refer to herein as stock purchase
units. The stock purchase contracts may require holders to
secure their obligations under the stock purchase contracts in a
specified manner. The stock purchase contracts also may require
us to make periodic payments to the holders of the stock
purchase units or vice versa, and those payments may be
unsecured or refunded on some basis.
The stock purchase contracts, and, if applicable, collateral or
depositary arrangements, relating to the stock purchase
contracts or stock purchase units, will be filed with the SEC in
connection with the offering of stock purchase contracts or
stock purchase units. The prospectus supplement relating to a
particular issue of stock purchase contracts or stock purchase
units will describe the terms of those stock purchase contracts
or stock purchase units, including the following:
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if applicable, a discussion of material United States federal
income tax considerations; and |
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any other information we think is important about the stock
purchase contracts or the stock purchase units. |
21
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the offered securities in and outside the United
States (1) through underwriters or dealers,
(2) directly to purchasers, including our affiliates and
shareholders, or in a rights offering, (3) through agents
or (4) through a combination of any of these methods. The
prospectus supplement will include the following information:
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the terms of the offering; |
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the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents; |
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the name or names of any managing underwriter or underwriters; |
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the purchase price of the securities; |
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the net proceeds from the sale of the securities; |
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any delayed delivery arrangements; |
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any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items
constituting underwriters compensation; |
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any initial public offering price; |
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any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to
dealers; and |
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any commissions paid to agents. |
In addition, we may enter into derivative transactions with
third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus
to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the
applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with
those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered
by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement,
including in short sale transactions. If so, the third parties
may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others
to settle those sales or to close out any related open
borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in
settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open
borrowings of stock. The third parties in such sale transactions
will be underwriters and, if not identified in this prospectus,
will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a
post-effective amendment). We or one of our affiliates may loan
or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third
party that in turn may sell the securities using this
prospectus. Such financial institution or third party may
transfer its short position to investors in our securities or in
connection with a simultaneous offering of other securities
offered by this prospectus or otherwise.
Sale Through Underwriters or Dealers
If we use underwriters in the sale, the underwriters will
acquire the securities for their own account for resale to the
public. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to
time in one or more transactions, including negotiated
transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying
prices determined at the time of sale. Underwriters may offer
securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates
represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by
one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless we inform you
otherwise in the prospectus supplement, the obligations of the
underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to
certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to
purchase all of the offered securities if they purchase any of
them. The underwriters may change from time to time any initial
public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed
or reallowed or paid to dealers.
Representatives of the underwriters through whom the offered
securities are sold for public offering and sale may engage in
over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, syndicate short
covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with
Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Over-allotment involves syndicate sales in excess of the
offering size, which creates a syndicate short position.
Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the offered
securities so long as the stabilizing
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bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Syndicate covering
transactions involve purchases of the offered securities in the
open market after the distribution has been completed in order
to cover syndicate short positions. Penalty bids permit the
representative of the underwriters to reclaim a selling
concession from a syndicate member when the offered securities
originally sold by such syndicate member are purchased in a
syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short
positions. Such stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering
transactions and penalty bids may cause the price of the offered
securities to be higher than it would otherwise be in the
absence of such transactions. These transactions may be effected
on a national securities exchange and, if commenced, may be
discontinued at any time.
Some or all of the securities that we offer though this
prospectus may be new issues of securities with no established
trading market. Any underwriters to whom we sell our securities
for public offering and sale may make a market in those
securities, but they will not be obligated to do so and they may
discontinue any market making at any time without notice.
Accordingly, we cannot assure you of the liquidity of, or
continued trading markets for, any securities that we offer.
If we use dealers in the sale of securities, we will sell the
securities to them as principals. They may then resell those
securities to the public at varying prices determined by the
dealers at the time of resale. We will include in the prospectus
supplement the names of the dealers and the terms of the
transaction.
Direct Sales and Sales through Agents
We may sell the securities directly. In this case, no
underwriters or agents would be involved. We may also sell the
securities through agents designated from time to time. In the
prospectus supplement, we will name any agent involved in the
offer or sale of the offered securities, and we will describe
any commissions payable to the agent. Unless we inform you
otherwise in the prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to
use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the
period of its appointment.
We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors
or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the
meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 with respect to any sale
of those securities. We will describe the terms of any such
sales in the prospectus supplement.
We may also make direct sales through subscription rights
distributed to our existing shareholders on a pro rata basis
that may or may not be transferable. In any distribution of
subscription rights to our shareholders, if all of the
underlying securities are not subscribed for, we may then sell
the unsubscribed securities directly to third parties or we may
engage the services of one or more underwriters, dealers or
agents, including standby underwriters, to sell the unsubscribed
securities to third parties.
Remarketing Arrangements
Offered securities may also be offered and sold, if so indicated
in the applicable prospectus supplement, in connection with a
remarketing upon their purchase, in accordance with a redemption
or repayment pursuant to their terms, or otherwise, by one or
more remarketing firms, acting as principals for their own
accounts or as agents for us. Any remarketing firm will be
identified and the terms of its agreements, if any, with us and
its compensation will be described in the applicable prospectus
supplement. Remarketing firms may be deemed to be underwriters,
as that term is defined in the Securities Act of 1933, in
connection with the securities remarketed.
Delayed Delivery Arrangements
If we so indicate in the prospectus supplement, we may authorize
agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from certain
types of institutions to purchase securities from us at the
public offering price under delayed delivery contracts. These
contracts would provide for payment and delivery on a specified
date in the future. The contracts would be subject only to those
conditions described in the prospectus supplement. The
prospectus supplement will describe the commission payable for
solicitation of those contracts.
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General Information
We may have agreements with the underwriters, dealers and agents
to indemnify them against certain civil liabilities, including
liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute
with respect to payments that the underwriters, dealers or
agents may be required to make.
Underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions
with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of our
business.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements
and other information with the SEC. We also filed a registration
statement on Form S-3, including exhibits, under the
Securities Act of 1933 with respect to the securities offered by
this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of the registration
statement, but does not contain all of the information included
in the registration statement or the exhibits. You may read and
copy the registration statement and any other document that we
file at the SECs public reference room at 450 Fifth
Street, N.W., Washington D.C. You can call the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the
public reference room. You can also find our public filings with
the SEC on the internet at a web site maintained by the SEC
located at http://www.sec.gov.
We are incorporating by reference specified
documents that we file with the SEC, which means:
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incorporated documents are considered part of this prospectus; |
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we are disclosing important information to you by referring you
to those documents; and |
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information we file with the SEC will automatically update and
supersede information contained in this prospectus. |
We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any
future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a),
13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 after
the date of this prospectus and before the end of the offering
of the securities pursuant to this prospectus:
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our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2003; |
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our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended
March 31, 2004, June 30, 2004 and September 30,
2004; |
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our Current Reports on Form 8-K, dated February 2,
2004, April 22, 2004, April 26, 2004, May 6,
2004, June 3, 2004, July 20, 2004, September 1,
2004, September 23, 2004 (as amended by Amendment
No. 1 thereto on Form 8-K/ A filed on October 18,
2004), October 26, 2004 and November 16, 2004; and |
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the description of our common stock contained in our
Registration Statement on Form 8-A, dated November 14,
2003, and any amendment or report updating that description. |
You may request a copy of any of these filings, at no cost, by
request directed to us at the following address or telephone
number:
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Whiting Petroleum Corporation
1700 Broadway, Suite 2300
Denver, Colorado 80290
(303) 837-1661
Attention: Corporate Secretary |
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LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus will
be passed upon for us by Foley & Lardner LLP. Welborn
Sullivan Meck & Tooley, P.C. will pass on certain
legal matters relating to us and our subsidiaries for us in
connection with any offerings of the securities. Any
underwriters will be advised by Vinson & Elkins L.L.P.
about other issues relating to any offerings of the securities.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Whiting Petroleum
Corporation as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 and for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003,
incorporated in this prospectus by reference from our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2003 have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an
independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in
their report which is incorporated by reference herein (which
report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an
explanatory paragraph referring to a change in Whiting Petroleum
Corporations method of accounting for asset retirement
obligations effective January 1, 2003), and have been so
incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon
their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of the
Permian Basin Acquisition Properties for each of the three years
in the period ended December 31, 2003, incorporated in this
prospectus by reference from Amendment No. 1 to our Current
Report on Form 8-K dated September 23, 2004 have been
audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent
registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report,
which is incorporated by reference herein, and have been so
incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon
their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
Certain information with respect to our oil and natural gas
reserves derived from the reports of Cawley Gillespie &
Associates, Inc., R.A. Lenser & Associates, Inc. and
Ryder Scott Company, L.P., each independent petroleum
engineering consultants, has been incorporated in this
registration statement by reference on the authority of said
firms as experts in petroleum engineering.
26
$220,000,000
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2013
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Merrill Lynch & Co.
Lehman Brothers
Banc of America Securities LLC
JPMorgan
Wachovia Securities
A.G. Edwards
KeyBanc Capital Markets
Petrie Parkman & Co.
Raymond James
April , 2005