CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
(Mark One)
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
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þ |
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
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SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report _______________
For the transition period from ___________ to __________.
Commission file number: 000-50975
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Not Applicable
(Translation of Registrants name into English)
Hong Kong
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
9th Floor of Tower C, Corporate Square
NO.35 Financial Street, Xicheng District
Beijing 100032, China
(Address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.
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Title of each class |
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Name of each exchange on which registered |
None
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None |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.
American Depositary Shares, each representing 5 ordinary shares,
par value HK$0.001 per share *
(Title of Class)
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* |
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Not for trading, but only in connection with the listing on the Nasdaq Global Market of American
Depository Shares each representing 5 ordinary shares pursuant to the requirements of the
Securities and Exchange Commission |
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
None
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuers classes of capital or common
stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report: 109,754,433 ordinary shares, par
value HK$0.001 per share.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of
the Securities Act.
oYes þ No
If this report is an annual or transaction report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not
required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
oYes þ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
or a non-accelerated filer.
Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer þ Non-accelerated filer o
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as
defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
oYes þ No
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:
o Item 17 þ Item 18
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
INTRODUCTION
Except where the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this annual report only:
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we, us, our company and our refer to China Finance Online Co. Limited, or CFO
Hong Kong, its principle subsidiaries, China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd., or CFO
Beijing, Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd., or CFO Software, Stockstar Information
Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., or CFO Stockstar, Shenzhen Genius Information Technology
Co., Ltd., or CFO Genius, Jujin Software (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. or CFO Jujin, Zhengning
Information Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., or CFO Zhengning, Fortune (Beijing) Wisdom
Technology Co., Ltd. or CFO Wisdom, Fortune (Beijing) Success Technology Co., Ltd. or CFO
Success, Daily Growth Securities Limited, or Daily Growth Securities, which we acquired in
November 2007 and subsequently renamed from Daily Growth Investment Company Limited to
Daily Growth Securities, and, in the context of describing our operations, also include
our PRC-incorporated affiliates, Fuhua Innovation Technology Development Co., Ltd., or CFO
Fuhua, Shanghai Meining Computer Software Co., Ltd., or CFO Meining, CFO Fuhuas wholly
owned subsidiary, Beijing CFO Glory Co., Ltd., or CFO Glory, and Beijing CFO Premium
Technology Co., Ltd., or CFO Premium. |
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shares and ordinary shares refer to our ordinary shares, preferred shares refers
to our preferred shares, all of which were converted into our ordinary shares upon the
completion of our initial public offering on October 20, 2004, ADSs refers to our
American depositary shares, each of which represents five ordinary shares, and ADRs
refers to the American depositary receipts which evidence our ADSs; |
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China or PRC refers to the Peoples Republic of China, excluding Taiwan, Hong Kong
and Macau; |
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Hong Kong refers to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the Peoples
Republic of China; and |
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all references to Renminbi, RMB or yuan are to the legal currency of China, all
references to U.S. dollars, dollars, $ or US$ are to the legal currency of the
United States and all references to Hong Kong dollars or HK$ are to the legal currency
of Hong Kong. Any discrepancies in any table between totals and sums of the amounts listed
are due to rounding. |
We and certain selling shareholders of our company completed the initial public offering of
6,200,000 American Depositary Shares, each representing five of our ordinary shares, par value
HK$0.001 per share on October 20, 2004. On October 15, 2004, we listed our ADSs on the Nasdaq
Global Market (known as the Nasdaq National Market prior to July 1, 2006), or Nasdaq, under the
symbol JRJC.
FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
This annual report on Form 20-F contains forward-looking statements that are based on our current
expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about us and our industry. All statements
other than statements of historical fact in this annual report are forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements can be identified by words or phrases such as may, will,
expect, anticipate, estimate, plan, believe, is /are likely to or other and similar
expressions. The forward-looking statements included in this annual report relate to, among others:
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our goals and strategies, including how we effect our goals and strategies; |
3
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our future business developments, business prospects, financial condition and results
of operations; |
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our future pricing strategies or policies; |
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our plans to expand our service offerings; |
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our plans to use acquisitions and strategic investments as part of our corporate
strategy; |
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competition in the PRC financial data and information services industry; |
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performance of Chinas securities markets; |
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performance of Hong Kongs securities markets; |
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growth in our subscriber base; |
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PRC governmental policies relating to taxes and how they will impact our business; |
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PRC governmental policies relating to the Internet and Internet content providers; |
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PRC governmental policies relating to the distribution of content, especially the
distribution of financial content over the Internet; and |
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PRC governmental policies relating to mobile value-added services. |
These forward-looking statements involve various risks, assumptions and uncertainties. Although we
believe that our expectations expressed in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we
cannot assure you that our expectations will turn out to be correct. Our actual results could be
materially different from and worse than our expectations. Important risks and factors that could
cause our actual results to be materially different from our expectations are generally set forth
in Item 3.D of this annual report, Key information Risk Factors and elsewhere in this annual
report.
This annual report on Form 20-F also contains data related to the online financial data and
information services market and the Internet. This market data includes projections that are based
on a number of assumptions. The online financial data and information services market may not grow
at the rates projected by market data, or at all. The failure of these markets to grow at the
projected rates may have a material adverse effect on our business and the market price of our
ADSs. In addition, the relatively new and rapidly changing nature of the online financial data and
information services industry subjects any projections or estimates relating to the growth
prospects or future condition of our markets to significant uncertainties. Furthermore, if any one
or more of the assumptions underlying the market data turns out to be incorrect, actual results may
differ from the projections based on these assumptions.
The forward-looking statements made in this annual report relate only to events or information as
of the date on which the statements are made in this annual report. You should not place undue
reliance on these forward-looking statements and you should read these statements in conjunction
with the risk factors disclosed in Item 3.D of this annual report, Key Information Risk
Factors. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or
circumstances after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of
unanticipated events.
4
PART I
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not Applicable.
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not Applicable.
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION
A. Selected financial data.
The selected consolidated financial data presented below have been derived from our consolidated
financial statement. This data may not be indicative of our future condition or results of
operations and should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements and
accompanying notes.
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For the year ended December 31, |
(in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share or per ADS data)(1) |
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2003 |
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2004 |
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2005 |
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2006 (4) |
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2007 |
Consolidated statement of operations and
comprehensive income (loss) data: |
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Net revenues |
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2,271 |
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6,016 |
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7,482 |
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7,128 |
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25,903 |
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Cost of revenues |
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(298 |
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(393 |
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(482 |
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(1,468 |
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(4,427 |
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Gross profit |
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1,973 |
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5,623 |
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7,000 |
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5,660 |
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21,476 |
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Operating expenses: |
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General and administrative |
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(400 |
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(730 |
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(1,740 |
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(2,956 |
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(7,784 |
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Product development |
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(149 |
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(172 |
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(236 |
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(742 |
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(2,269 |
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Sales and marketing |
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(284 |
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(800 |
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(1,795 |
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(2,666 |
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(6,924 |
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Total operating expenses |
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(833 |
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(1,702 |
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(3,771 |
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(6,364 |
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(16,977 |
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Subsidy income |
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136 |
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Income (loss) from operations |
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1,140 |
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3,921 |
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3,229 |
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(704 |
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4,635 |
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Interest income |
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51 |
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294 |
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1,486 |
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1,003 |
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1,105 |
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Other income (expense) |
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(1 |
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(2 |
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115 |
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9 |
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Exchange gain (net) |
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366 |
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267 |
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424 |
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Loss from impairment of cost method investment |
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(1,322 |
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(11,127 |
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Income (loss) before income taxes |
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1,190 |
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4,213 |
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5,081 |
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(641 |
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(4,954 |
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Income tax benefit (provision) |
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384 |
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(457 |
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41 |
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809 |
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Minority interests in net income of consolidated
subsidiary |
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15 |
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Net income (loss) |
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$ |
1,190 |
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$ |
4,597 |
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$ |
4,624 |
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$ |
(600 |
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$ |
(4,130 |
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Dividends on preference shares |
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(352 |
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Income (loss) attributable to
ordinary shareholders |
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$ |
838 |
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$ |
4,597 |
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$ |
4,624 |
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$ |
(600 |
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$ |
(4,130 |
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Income (loss) per share-basic |
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$ |
0.04 |
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$ |
0.12 |
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$ |
0.05 |
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$ |
(0.01 |
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$ |
(0.04 |
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Income (loss) per share-diluted |
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$ |
0.01 |
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$ |
0.05 |
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$ |
0.04 |
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$ |
(0.01 |
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$ |
(0.04 |
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Income per ADS equivalent-basic(2) |
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$ |
0.21 |
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$ |
0.59 |
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$ |
0.25 |
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$ |
(0.03 |
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$ |
(0.22 |
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Income per ADS equivalent-diluted(2) |
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$ |
0.06 |
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$ |
0.26 |
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$ |
0.22 |
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$ |
(0.03 |
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$ |
(0.22 |
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Dividends declared per ordinary share
or preference shares |
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$ |
0.01 |
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For the year ended December 31, |
(in thousands of U.S. dollars)(1) |
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2003 |
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2004 |
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2005 |
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2006 |
|
2007 |
Consolidated balance sheet data: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
5,806 |
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$ |
70,596 |
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$ |
46,168 |
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$ |
44,956 |
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$ |
74,729 |
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Current working capital(3) |
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4,306 |
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67,590 |
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45,227 |
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38,011 |
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53,811 |
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Total assets |
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6,606 |
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71,861 |
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63,113 |
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71,119 |
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103,885 |
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Deferred revenue, current |
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1,278 |
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3,487 |
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1,859 |
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6,419 |
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20,457 |
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Total current liabilities |
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1,875 |
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3,773 |
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2,282 |
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8,521 |
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31,009 |
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Deferred revenue, non-current |
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4,665 |
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Total shareholders equity |
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$ |
4,731 |
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$ |
68,088 |
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$ |
60,831 |
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$ |
62,453 |
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$ |
67,362 |
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(1) |
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For the results of operations for a specified period, all translations from Renminbi to U.S.
dollars were calculated by using the average of the exchange rates on each day during the
period. All translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were calculated for the periods listed
below at the corresponding rates |
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For the years ended December 31, |
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RMB per US$1.00 |
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2003 |
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8.2770 |
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2004 |
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8.2780 |
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2005 |
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8.1472 |
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2006 |
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7.9693 |
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2007 |
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7.6072 |
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For consolidated balance sheet data, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were calculated
at the exchange rate at the end of that year. The exchange rates were as set forth below as of the
corresponding dates:
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As at December 31, |
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RMB per US$1.00 |
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2003 |
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8.2769 |
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2004 |
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8.2765 |
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2005 |
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8.0702 |
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2006 |
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7.8087 |
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2007 |
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7.2946 |
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(2) |
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Each ADS represents five ordinary shares. |
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(3) |
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Current working capital is the difference between total current assets and total current
liabilities. |
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(4) |
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In 2006, the Company changed its method of accounting for stock-based compensation to conform
to Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment,
effective on January 1, 2006. In 2007, the Company adopted the recognition and measurement
methods under Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48 Accounting for
Uncertainty in Income Taxes-An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. |
6
Exchange Rate Information
We have published our financial statements in U.S. dollars. Our business is primarily conducted in
China and denominated in Renminbi. Periodic reports will be made to shareholders and will be
expressed in U.S. dollars using the then-current exchange rates. The conversion of Renminbi into
U.S. dollars in this annual report is based on the noon buying rate in The City of New York for
cable transfers of Renminbi as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars in this annual report
were made at $1.00 to RMB7.2946, which was the prevailing rate on December 31, 2007. The prevailing
rate on March 31, 2008 was $1.00 to RMB7.0120. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S.
dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or Renminbi, as the case
may be, at any particular rate, the rates stated below, or at all. The PRC government imposes
controls over its foreign currency reserves in part through direct regulation of the conversion of
Renminbi into foreign exchange and through restrictions on foreign trade.
The Peoples Bank of China sets and publishes daily a base exchange rate. Until July 21, 2005, the
Peoples Bank of China set this rate with reference primarily to the supply and demand of Renminbi
against the U.S. dollar in the market during the prior day. Beginning on July 21, 2005, the
Peoples Bank of China has set this rate with reference primarily to the supply and demand of
Renminbi against a basket of currencies in the market during the prior day. The Peoples Bank of
China also takes into account other factors such as the general conditions existing in the
international foreign exchange markets. Although governmental policies were introduced in the PRC
in 1996 to reduce restrictions on the convertibility of Renminbi into foreign currency for current
account items, conversion of Renminbi into foreign exchange for capital items, such as foreign
direct investment, loans or security, requires the approval of the State Administration for Foreign
Exchange and other relevant authorities.
The following table sets forth various information concerning exchange rates between the Renminbi
and the U.S. dollar for the periods indicated. These rates are provided solely for your convenience
and are not necessarily the exchange rates that we used in this annual report or will use in the
preparation of our periodic reports or any other information to be provided to you. The source of
these rates is the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
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Average(1) |
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High |
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Low |
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Period-end |
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(RMB per U.S.$1.00) |
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2003 |
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8.2770 |
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8.2800 |
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8.2765 |
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8.2769 |
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2004 |
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8.2768 |
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8.2774 |
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8.2764 |
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8.2765 |
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2005 |
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8.1472 |
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8.2765 |
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8.0702 |
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8.0702 |
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2006 |
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7.9693 |
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8.0705 |
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7.8051 |
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7.8087 |
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2007 |
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7.5806 |
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7.8127 |
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7.2946 |
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7.2946 |
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2008 (through May 15, 2008) |
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7.0731 |
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7.2946 |
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6.9815 |
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6.9943 |
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(1) |
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Averages are calculated from month-end rates. |
B. Capitalization and indebtedness.
Not Applicable.
C. Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds.
Not Applicable.
7
D. Risk factors.
Risks relating to our business
Negative changes in Chinas securities markets, economic conditions, inflation, regulatory
policies, interests rates and other factors that could affect investors interests in investing in
Chinas securities markets could have an adverse effect on our business.
We believe that the level of public interest in investing in Chinas securities market could
significantly influence the demand for market intelligence on Chinas securities markets and our
products. Such demand could be affected by the level of trading activity in Chinas securities
markets. During the past several years, Chinas securities markets have experienced significant
volatility. The benchmark Shanghai Stock Exchange A-Share Index declined 44.80%, from January, 2001
to December, 2005 and surged 124.33% between the start of 2006 and the market peak in October,
2007, despite of the severe corrections on February 27, 2007 and May 30, 2007, when China stock
market declined approximately 9% and 7% on a single trading day, respectively. Then the Shanghai
Stock Exchange A-Share Index declined 43% from late October, 2007 till the end of March, 2008. Any
factors that lead to prolonged weakness or intensified volatility in Chinas securities markets in
the future may diminish investors interest in Chinas securities markets, and our business could
be adversely affected accordingly.
Chinas securities market is further limited by a lack of hedging instruments that would assist
investors in hedging against market volatility. For example, investors are not permitted to sell
short in Chinas securities markets. Because our business is dependent on investors interest in
Chinas securities markets, our business could be materially and adversely affected if market
volatility and the lack of hedging instruments continue to affect Chinas securities markets and
dampen investors interest in Chinas securities markets.
In response to the increased inflation rate during 2004, the Chinese government announced measures
to restrict lending and investment in China in order to reduce inflationary pressure on Chinas
economy. In 2006 and 2007, the Peoples Bank of China announced a series of basic interest rate
increases and other measures to reduce inflationary pressure. If China experiences increased
inflation in future, the Chinese government may introduce further measures intended to reduce the
inflation rate in China. Any such measures adopted by the Chinese central bank may have an adverse
effect on Chinas securities markets, which could adversely impact our business.
Downturns, disruptions and volatility in Hong Kong securities markets and negative developments in
the business, economic, and market conditions that could affect investors interests in investing
in Hong Kong securities markets could have adverse impact on our business in the future.
Following the acquisition of Daily Growth Securities, we expect to provide a diversified portfolio
of brokerage and informational service to our clients in connection with their investment in Hong
Kong securities market. Lower trading volumes and price levels of securities transactions in Hong
Kong securities market may affect investors interests in investing in Hong Kong securities markets
and have adverse impact on our business in the future. Historically, securities trading volume in
Hong Kong has fluctuated considerably. These fluctuations may result from regional and global
economic, political and market conditions, broad trends in business and finance that are out of our
control.
Our securities brokerage business in Hong Kong operates in a highly regulated industry and
compliance failures could adversely affect our business.
With the acquisition of Daily Growth Securities, a licensed securities brokerage firm incorporated
in Hong Kong, we provide a diversified portfolio brokerage and other related services to our
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customers who invest in stocks listed on Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The securities brokerage
business and operations in Hong Kong are subject to extensive regulations by Hong Kong Securities
and Futures Commission and Hong Kong Stock Exchange, which may increase our cost of doing business
and may be a limiting factor on the operations and development of our securities brokerage
business. The regulation on securities broker-dealer business is also an ever-changing area of law
and is subject to modification by government, regulatory and judicial actions. As our business
grows with the acquisition of Daily Growth Securities, we may devote more time to regulatory
matters. Failure to comply with any of the laws, rules or regulations applicable to our securities
brokerage business could lead to adverse consequences including, without limitation,
investigations, fines, law suits and other penalties from regulatory agencies. Any of these
consequences could adversely affect our securities broker-dealer business.
Our business could be materially and adversely affected if new features and new research tools are
not accepted by users.
We currently offer to our subscribers a limited number of service packages with different features
and functionalities. If we introduce a new feature or a new research tool that is not favorably
received, our current subscribers may not continue to use our service as frequently as before. New
subscribers could also choose a competitive or different service offering over ours. We may also
experience difficulties that could delay or prevent us from introducing new research tools or
features. Furthermore, these research tools or features may contain errors that are discovered
after the services are introduced. We may need to significantly modify the design of these research
tools or features to correct these errors. Our business could be materially and adversely affected
if we experience difficulties or delays in introducing new features and research tools or if these
new features and research tools are not accepted by users.
We have a limited operating history, which may make it difficult for you to evaluate our business.
Our service offerings have only been commercially available since April 2001. Our senior management
and employees have worked together at our company for only a relatively short period of time.
Furthermore, the acquisition of CFO Genius, a financial information database provider mainly
serving Chinese domestic institutional customers, in September 2006, our October 2006 acquisition
of CFO Stockstar, a finance and securities website in China and November 2007 acquisition of Daily
Growth Securities, a licensed securities brokerage firm incorporated in Hong Kong have altered the
overall composition of company. Accordingly, we have a limited operating history upon which you can
evaluate our business and prospects.
We may not be able to successfully implement our growth strategies, which could materially and
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are pursuing a number of growth strategies, which will require us to expand our data and
information content and service offerings through internal development efforts and through
partnerships, joint ventures and acquisitions. Some of these strategies relate to new service
offerings for which there are no established markets in China, or relate to service offerings in
which we lack experience and expertise. We cannot assure you that we will be able to deliver new
service offerings on a commercially viable basis or in a timely manner, or at all.
In addition, online advertising business strategies may be developed in addition to our
subscription-based service offerings. However, since we regard subscription-based services as our
current core business and allocate a significant portion of the advertising inventories of our
websites, namely, www.jrj.com and www.stockstar.com, to promote our subscription-based service
offerings, to date, our current online advertising business has been limited. We cannot assure you
that we will be able to efficiently or effectively implement and grow our online advertising
business, or that online advertising on our websites will not detract from our users
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experience and thereby adversely affect our brand name or our subscription-based service offerings.
If we are unable to successfully implement our growth strategies, our revenue and profitability
will not grow as we expect, if at all, and our competitiveness may be materially and adversely
affected.
We face significant competition which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
The online financial data and information services market in China is relatively new, has few
substantial barriers to entry and is competitive and rapidly changing. More broadly, the number of
financial news and information sources competing for consumers attention and spending has
increased since we commenced operations and we expect that competition will continue to intensify.
We currently compete, directly and indirectly, for paying subscribers and viewers with companies in
the business of providing financial data and information services, including publishers and
distributors of traditional media, Internet portals providing information on business, finance and
investing, dedicated financial information websites, personal stock research software vendors and
stock brokerage companies, especially stock brokerage companies with online trading capabilities.
Some of the sponsors with whom we currently maintain sponsorship arrangements could also become our
competitors in the future.
Many of our existing competitors, as well as a number of potential new competitors, have longer
operating histories, greater name recognition, larger customer bases and significantly greater
financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. This may allow them to adopt our business
model and devote greater resources than we can to the development and promotion of service
offerings similar to or more advanced than our own. These competitors may also engage in more
extensive research and development, undertake more far-reaching marketing campaigns, adopt more
aggressive pricing policies and offer products and services that achieve greater market acceptance
than ours. They may also undercut us by making more attractive offers to our existing and potential
employees, content providers and sponsors. New and increased competition could result in price
reductions for our research tools, reduced margin or loss of market share, any of which could
materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
In addition to us, many companies in China offer stock quotes, economic and company-specific news,
historical stock performance statistics, online chatting regarding individual securities and other
features for free over the Internet. If users determine that the information available for free
over the Internet is sufficient for their investing needs, they would be unlikely to pay for
subscription to our services, thus reducing our revenues and net income and forcing us to develop a
new business model. Furthermore, the amount and quality of information available for free over the
Internet may expand in the future, reducing the attractiveness of our services and forcing us to
spend additional money to develop more sophisticated services in order to compete. There can be no
assurance that we would be successful in developing a new business model or more advanced services
in response to either of the above challenges. Failure to do so would lead to significant declines
in our number of subscribers, revenues and net income.
Our business could be materially and adversely affected if the stock exchanges from which we
receive data and information fail to deliver us reliable data and price quotes or other trading
related information, or if we cannot maintain our current business relationships with our
historical data providers on commercially reasonable terms.
We depend on two securities data providers associated with the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock
Exchanges to provide us with real-time stock, bond and mutual fund quotes and other trading related
information. We primarily rely on contractual arrangements with Shanghai Stock
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Exchange Information Network Co., Ltd., which is associated with the Shanghai Stock Exchange, and
with Shenzhen Securities Information Co., Ltd., which is associated with the Shenzhen Stock
Exchange, pursuant to which we pay fixed service fees in exchange for receiving real-time price
quotes and other trading related information through satellite communication. In June 2006, we are
certified by Shanghai Stock Exchange Information Network Co., Ltd. to develop service packages
based on Level II quotes (which provide insight into stock price movements and provide faster and
more comprehensive trading data), and upgrade the features and functions of our current products.
The definitive agreement is contemplated to continue through July 31, 2009. In January 2008, we
entered into a license agreement with Shanghai Stock Exchange Information Network Co., Ltd. to
distribute TopView (which reveals valuable statistics, such as trading volume and prices of various
types of trading accounts). The agreement authorizes us to use TopView to enhance features and
functionalities of our existing products and develop new product offerings. The definitive
agreement is contemplated to continue through December 12, 2008. Our contract with Shenzhen
Securities Information Co., Ltd. is in the process of being renewed. Any disruption in our ability
to secure data, price quotes or other trading related information on timely basis either through
technical issues or through our inability to maintain and renew our contracts with the Shanghai and
Shenzhen Stock Exchanges will have a material adverse effect on our business.
We have also transitioned the primary source of historical data and information on listed
companies, bonds and mutual funds to Shenzhen Genius Information Technology Co. Ltd., or CFO
Genius, which we acquired in September 2006. Starting from May 2007, CFO Genius has become our
primary provider of historical data and information, thereby mitigating our reliance on third-party
backup providers of such historical data and information. Though we maintain raw data provision
contracts with Financial China Information & Technology Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Gildata Service Co.,
Ltd. as alternative sources of historical data and information, any problems arising in or any
disruption to CFO Genius as the primary provider of historical data and information will have a
material adverse effect on our business.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to enter into business arrangements with either of the
two securities data providers associated with the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges on
commercially reasonable terms, or at all, after our current contracts expire. We cannot assure you
that the two securities data providers will not charge us service fees substantially higher than
the service fees we are currently paying. Our business, financial condition and results of
operations could be materially and adversely affected if either of our two securities data
providers imposes on us service fees substantially higher than the service fees we are currently
paying. Even if we are able to maintain our current business arrangements for data on commercially
reasonable terms, either of the two securities data providers may fail to deliver us reliable price
quotes or other trading related information. In either case, it would be difficult for us to
receive reliable real-time price quotes and other trading related information from a different
source, which could materially and adversely affect our business.
Additionally, we cannot assure you that we will be able to enter into or maintain our business
arrangements with our current data providers on commercially reasonable terms or at all. In this
case, it could take time for us to locate alternative providers of comprehensive historical data
and information on commercially reasonable terms, which could cause disruptions to our operations
and adversely affect our business. Even if we are able to find alternative data providers, they may
fail to deliver to us reliable and comprehensive data and information in accordance with our
specifications and requirements, which could materially and adversely affect our business.
Our business would be adversely affected if we do not continue to expand and maintain an effective
telemarketing and customer support force.
We market our service offerings through our websites, as well as through our telemarketing and
customer service centers in Beijing and Shanghai. In addition to sales and marketing functions,
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we depend on our customer support force to explain our service offerings to our existing and
potential subscribers and resolve our subscribers technical problems. Many of our telemarketing
and customer support personnel have only worked for us for a short period of time, and some of them
may not have received sufficient training or gained sufficient experience to effectively serve our
customers. In addition, we will need to further increase the size of our customer support force as
our business continues to grow. We may not be able to hire, retain, integrate or motivate
additional customer support personnel without any short-term disruptions of our operations. As a
result, our business could be adversely affected if we do not continue to expand and maintain an
effective customer support force.
Acquisitions present many risks, and we may not realize the financial and strategic goals that were
contemplated at the time of any transaction.
An active acquisition program is an important element of our corporate strategy. For example, we
acquired CFO Genius, a financial information database provider mainly serving Chinese domestic
institutional customers, in September 2006. In October 2006, we acquired CFO Stockstar, a leading
finance and securities website in China. In November 2007, we acquired Daily Growth
Securities, a licensed securities brokerage firm incorporated in Hong Kong. We may not be able to
achieve all of the benefits of the business combination or to successfully integrate CFO
Stockstars, CFO Geniuss and Daily Growth Securities operations into ours. While CFO Stockstar,
CFO Genius and Daily Growth Securities contributed positive operating cash flows on a collective
basis in 2007, we cannot assure you that they will continue to do so. Moreover, we expect to
continue to acquire companies, products, services and technologies. Risks we may encounter in
acquisitions include:
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the acquisition may not further our business strategy, or we may pay more than it is
worth; |
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we may not realize the anticipated increase in our revenues if we are unable to sell
the acquired companys products to our customer base, or the acquired contract models of
acquired contract models companies; |
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we may have difficulty identifying suitable acquisition opportunities and integrating
acquired companies with our existing operations or their products and services with our
existing products and services; |
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we may have higher than anticipated costs in continuing support and development of
acquired products; |
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we may have multiple and overlapping product lines that are offered, priced and
supported differently, which could cause customer confusion and delays; |
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our due diligence process may fail to identify problems, such as issues with unlicensed
use of intellectual property; |
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we may have legal and tax exposures or lose anticipated tax benefits as a result of
unforeseen difficulties in our legal entity integration activities; |
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we may face contingencies related to intellectual property, financial disclosures and
accounting practices or internal controls; |
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our ongoing business may be disrupted and our managements attention may be diverted by
transition or integration issues; and |
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to the extent that we issue a significant amount of equity securities in connection
with future acquisitions, existing ADS holders and shareholders may be diluted and
earnings per share may decrease. |
These factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations,
financial condition or cash flows, particularly in the case of a larger acquisition or multiple
concurrent acquisitions.
Our plan to make strategic investments may negatively affect our business due to the poor financial
condition and operating performance of those companies we invest in and other risks.
As part of our business strategy, we may also make strategic investments intended to facilitate the
introduction of new service offerings as well as to add capabilities that we do not currently have.
For example, we invested in Moloon International, Inc., or Moloon, a Chinese wireless technology
and service provider, in December 2005. However, the financial condition and operating results of
companies we invest in such as Moloon could negatively affect our business and financial condition.
Government regulations may adversely affect the business of companies we invest in, which could
have a material and adverse impact on our business. For example, following an independent valuation
of our cost method investment in Moloon, it was determined that a decline in value had occurred and
we recorded a non-cash investment impairment of $11.13 million in 2007, reducing the carrying
balance of such investment from $12.61 million to $1.48 million, 88% off the book value. In the
future, we may also consider further strategic investments and partnerships with companies that
specialize in non-exchange traded financial products in order to acquire their expertise in that
area which we believe are difficult to obtain otherwise.
Our ability to successfully make strategic investments will depend on the availability of suitable
candidates at an acceptable cost, our ability to compete effectively to attract and reach agreement
with strategic partners on commercially reasonable terms, the availability of financing to complete
larger acquisitions or joint ventures, as well as our ability to obtain any required governmental
approvals. In addition, the benefits of a partnership or joint venture transaction may take
considerable time to develop, and we cannot assure you that any particular partnership or joint
venture will produce the intended benefits. For example, we may experience difficulties in
integrating acquisitions with our existing operations and personnel. The identification and
completion of these transactions may require significant management time and resources. Moreover,
the partnership and joint venture strategies we pursue could also cause earnings or ownership
dilution to our shareholders interests, which could result in losses to investors.
Our business could be materially and adversely affected if increased usage strains our server
systems or if we suffer from other system malfunctions.
In the past, our websites have experienced significant increases in traffic when there are
significant business developments, financial news and activities, or stock market trading
activities. In addition, the number of our users has continued to increase over time and we are
seeking to further increase our user base. Therefore, our website must accommodate a high volume of
traffic to meet peak user demand and deliver frequently updated information. Our websites have in
the past experienced and may in the future experience slower response time or login delays for a
variety of reasons. It is essential to our success that our websites are able to accommodate our
users in an efficient manner so that our users experience with us is viewed favorably and without
frequent delays.
We also depend on other Internet content providers, such as other financial information websites,
to provide data and information to our website on a timely basis. Our websites could experience
disruptions or interruptions in service due to the failure or delay in the transmission or receipt
of this information. In addition, our users depend on Internet service providers, online service
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providers and other website operators for access to our website. Each of them has experienced
significant outages in the past, and could experience outages, delays and other difficulties due to
system failures unrelated to our systems. These types of occurrences could cause users to perceive
our website as not functioning properly and therefore cause them to use other methods to obtain the
financial data and information services they need.
If we are not able to respond successfully to technological or industry developments, our business
may be materially and adversely affected.
The online financial data and information services market is characterized by rapid advancements in
technology, evolving industry standards and changes in customer needs. New services or technologies
may render our existing services or technologies less competitive or obsolete. Responding and
adapting to technological developments and standard changes in our industry, the integration of new
technologies or industry standards or the upgrading of our networks may require substantial time,
effort and capital investment. In the event that we are unable to respond successfully to
technological industry developments, this may materially and adversely affect our business, results
of operations and competitiveness.
We may be subject to, and may expend significant resources in defending against claims based on the
content and services we provide through our website and our research tools.
Due to the manner in which we obtain, collect, categorize and integrate content for our website,
and because our services, including our online bulletin boards and discussion forums, may be used
for the distribution of information and expression of opinions, claims may be filed against us for
defamation, subversion, negligence, copyright or trademark infringement or other violations due to
the nature and content of such information. For example, our bulletin boards and online forums
reflect the statements and views of persons we do not control and we cannot be assured that such
information is true and correct and is not misleading. These persons may also have conflicts of
interest in relation to their statements or views regarding securities or other financial matters.
Liability insurance for these types of claims is not currently available in the PRC. While we do
not take responsibility for statements or views presented on our website, we may incur significant
costs investigating and defending these types of claims even if they do not result in liability.
Any such claim may also damage our reputation if our users and subscribers do not view this content
as reliable or accurate, which could adversely affect our business.
We may be subject to intellectual property infringement claims, which may force us to incur
substantial legal expenses and, if determined adversely against us, may materially disrupt our
business.
We cannot be certain that our website content, online services and our research tools do not or
will not infringe upon patents, valid copyrights or other intellectual property rights held by
third parties. We may become subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time relating to
the intellectual property of others in the ordinary course of our business. If we are found to have
violated the intellectual property rights of others, we may be enjoined from using such
intellectual property, and we may incur licensing fees or be forced to develop alternatives. In
addition, we may incur substantial expenses in defending against these third party infringement
claims, regardless of their merit. Successful infringement or licensing claims against us may
result in substantial monetary liabilities, which may materially and adversely affect our business.
Unauthorized use of our intellectual property by third parties, and the expenses incurred in
protecting our intellectual property rights, may adversely affect our business.
We regard our copyrights, trademarks, trade secret and other intellectual property as critical to
our success. Unauthorized use of the intellectual property used in our business may adversely
affect our business and reputation. We rely on trademark and copyright law, trade secret protection
and
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confidentiality agreements with our employees, customers, business partners and others to protect
our intellectual property rights. Despite our precautions, it may be possible for third parties to
obtain and use our intellectual property without authorization. The validity, enforceability and
scope of protection of intellectual property in Internet-related industries are uncertain and still
evolving. In particular, the laws and enforcement procedures in the PRC do not protect intellectual
property rights to the same extent as do the laws and enforcement procedures in the United States.
Moreover, litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights.
Future litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources, and could
disrupt our business, as well as have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and
results of operations.
We depend on our key personnel and our business and growth prospects may be severely disrupted if
we lose their services.
Our future success is dependent upon the continued service of our key executives and employees. We
rely on their expertise in our business operations. If one or more of our key executives were
unable or unwilling to continue in their present positions, or if they joined a competitor or
formed a competing company in violation of their employment agreements, we may not be able to
replace them easily. As a result, our business may be significantly disrupted and our financial
condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
Furthermore, since our industry is characterized by high demand and intense competition for talent,
we may need to offer higher compensation and other benefits in order to attract and retain key
personnel in the future. Prior to January 1, 2008, our employees were required to enter into
one-year employment agreements with us. Starting from January 1, 2008, our employees are required
to enter into at a minimum two-year employment agreements with us to be in compliance with the PRC
Labor Contract Law becoming effective January 1, 2008. We seek to enter into employment and
non-competition agreements with our senior executives for longer terms. We cannot assure you that
we will be able to attract or retain the key personnel that we will need to achieve our business
objectives. We do not maintain key-man life insurance for any of our key personnel.
Recent changes in the PRCs labor law restrict our ability to reduce our workforce in the PRC in
the event of an economic downturn and may increase our labor costs.
In June 2007, the National Peoples Congress of the PRC enacted new labor law legislation called
the Labor Contract Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008. It formalizes workers rights
concerning overtime hours, pensions, layoffs, employment contracts and the role of trade unions.
Considered one of the strictest labor laws in the world, among other things, this new law provides
for specific standards and procedures for the termination of an employment contract and places the
burden of proof on the employer. In addition, the law requires the payment of a statutory severance
pay upon the termination of an employment contract in most cases, including the case of the
expiration of a fixed-term employment contract. Further, the law requires an employer to conclude
an employment contract without a fixed-term with any employee who either has worked for the same
employer for 10 consecutive years or more or has had two consecutive fixed term contracts with the
same employer. An employment contract without a fixed term can no longer be terminated on the
ground of the expiration of the contract, although it can still be terminated pursuant to the
standards and procedures set forth under the new law. Because of the lack of implementing rules for
the new law and the precedents for the enforcement of such a law, the standards and procedures set
forth under the law in relation to the termination of an employment contract have raised concerns
among foreign investment enterprises in the PRC that such employment contract without a fixed
term might in fact become a lifetime, permanent employment contract. Finally, under the new law,
downsizing of either more than 20 people or more than 10% of the workforce may occur only under
specified circumstances, such as a restructuring undertaken pursuant to the PRCs Enterprise
Bankruptcy Law, or where a company
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suffers serious difficulties in business operations, or where there has been a material change in
the objective economic circumstances relied upon by the parties at the time of the conclusion of
the employment contract, thereby making the performance of such employment contract not possible.
Again, there has been very little guidance and precedents as to how such specified circumstances
for downsizing will be interpreted and enforced by the relevant PRC authorities. All of our
employees working for us exclusively within the PRC are covered by the new law and thus, our
ability to adjust the size of our operations when necessary in periods of recession or less severe
economic downturns may be curtailed. Accordingly, if we face future periods of decline in business
activity generally or adverse economic periods specific to our business, this new law can be
expected to exacerbate the adverse effect of the economic environment on our results of operations
and financial condition.
Undetected programming errors or defects in our research tools could materially and adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our research tools may contain programming errors or other defects that our internal testing did
not detect, which are commonly referred to as programming bugs. The occurrence of undetected errors
or defects in our research tools could disrupt our operations, damage our reputation and detract
from the experience of our users. As a result, such errors and defects could materially and
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If tax benefits currently available to us in PRC were no longer available under the new Enterprise
Income Taxes (EIT) law which became effective on January 1, 2008, our effective income tax rates
for our PRC operations could increase.
Our operating subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC are governed by the PRC income tax law, which
included until December 31, 2007, the Income Tax Law of the Peoples Republic of China for
Enterprises with Foreign Investment and Foreign Enterprises and the Provisional Regulations of the
Peoples Republic of China on Enterprises Income Tax, and, prior to January 1, 2008, were generally
subject to the PRC enterprise income tax rate of 33%. Some of our operating subsidiaries
incorporated in the PRC enjoy preferential tax treatments, including reduced tax rates, tax
holidays or tax refunds, provided by either the PRC government or its local agencies or bureaus.
For example, as a foreign invested Software Enterprise, CFO Beijing was granted by the Beijing
branch of the PRC tax bureau two tax incentives that have the effect of:
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Exempting the company from state income tax for 2003 and 2004; and |
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Providing the company a preferential state income tax rate of 12% from 2005 to 2007, the
rate currently applicable to wholly foreign-owned enterprises based in Beijing and not
subject to other tax holidays. |
Similarly, in December 2004, we established our subsidiary CFO Software in Beijing that was
classified by the Beijing local government as a foreign invested high-technology company. With the
classification of a foreign invested high-technology company, CFO Software expects to receive tax
incentives provided to such companies from the Beijing branch of the PRC tax bureau that have the
effect of:
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Exempting the company from enterprise income tax from 2005 to 2007; and |
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Providing the company a preferential enterprise income tax rate of 7.5% from 2008 to
2010, and 15% for taxable years thereafter, the rate currently applicable to companies
classified as high-technology companies based in Beijing and not subject to other tax
holidays, provided that the company continues to be qualified as a high and new technology
enterprise under the newly enacted PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law taking effect as of
January 1, 2008. |
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Furthermore, prior to January 1, 2008 CFO Stockstar, CFO Zhengning CFO Genius , and CFO Jujin ,
each enjoys a preferential enterprise income tax rate of 15% rather than the enterprise income tax
rate of 33% applicable to domestic PRC companies generally and is not subject to other tax
holidays.
In the absence of these incentives, our operating subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC would be
subject to the enterprise income tax rate of 33% applicable to domestic PRC companies generally
prior to January 1, 2008. If our PRC incorporated subsidiaries had not received these preferential
tax treatments and were required to pay enterprise income tax at the same rate as domestic PRC
companies, our business would be adversely affected.
The newly enacted PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the EIT Law, and the implementation regulations
to the EIT Law issued by the PRC State Council, became effective as of January 1, 2008. Under the
EIT Law, China adopted a uniform tax rate of 25% for all enterprises (including domestically-owned
enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises) and revoked the previous tax exemption, reduction and
preferential treatments applicable to foreign-invested enterprises. However, there is a
transitional period for certain enterprises, whether foreign-invested or domestic, during which
they are allowed to continue to enjoy their existing preferential tax treatments provided by the
then applicable tax laws and administrative regulations. Enterprises that were subject to an
enterprise income tax rate lower than 25% prior to January 1, 2008 may continue to enjoy the lower
rate and gradually transition to the new tax rate within five years after the effective date of the
EIT Law. Enterprises that were entitled to exemptions or reductions from the standard income tax
rate for a fixed term prior to January 1, 2008 may continue to enjoy such treatment until the fixed
term expires. Preferential tax treatments may continue to be granted to industries and projects
that are strongly supported and encouraged by the state, and enterprises otherwise classified as
new and high technology enterprises strongly supported by the state are entitled to a 15%
enterprise income tax rate. Most of our operating subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC are
classified as Software Enterprise and their qualifications to continue to be entitled to the tax
incentives granted to Software Enterprise prior to January 1, 2008 are being reviewed by relevant
tax authorities .
The status of certain of our PRC subsidiaries as a high and new technology enterprise will be
subject to review on regular basis. Certain of our other PRC subsidiaries qualified as a high and
new technology enterprise under the definition promulgated by the prior enterprise income tax law
in effect before January 1, 2008. Under the EIT Law, the qualifications for high and new
technology enterprise status have not yet been defined. We cannot assure you that certain of our
other PRC subsidiaries will continue to qualify as a high and new technology enterprise in future
periods. If any of our PRC subsidiaries fails to qualify as a high and new technology enterprise,
our income tax expenses would increase, which would have a material and adverse effect on our net
income and results of operations.
In addition, with respect to revenue generated from the sale of certain online subscription ,
including our service packages, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Zhengning, CFO Meining, CFO Genius
and CFO Jujin all obtain value-added-tax, or VAT, refunds that reduce their effective VAT rates
from 17% to 3%. We cannot assure you that we will continue to enjoy any of these preferential tax
treatments in the future. The discontinuation of any of these preferential tax treatments could
materially and adversely affect our financial condition.
Any significant increase in our income tax expenses may have a material adverse effect on our
profit for the year. Reduction or elimination of the financial subsidies or preferential tax
treatments we enjoyed prior to January 1, 2008 or imposition of additional taxes on us or our
combined entities in China may significantly increase our income tax expenses and materially reduce
our net income, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of
operations and financial condition.
17
Dividends we receive from our operating subsidiaries located in the PRC may be subject to PRC
withholding tax.
The newly enacted PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the EIT Law, and the implementation regulations
for the EIT Law issued by the PRC State Council, became effective as of January 1, 2008. The EIT
Law provides that a maximum income tax rate of 20% may be applicable to dividends payable to
non-PRC investors that are non-resident enterprises, to the extent such dividends are derived
from sources within the PRC, and the State Council has reduced such rate to 10% through the
implementation regulations unless any such non-PRC investors jurisdiction of incorporation has a
tax treaty with China that provides for a different withholding arrangement. We are a Hong Kong
incorporated company and substantially all of our income may be derived from dividends we receive
from our operating subsidiaries located in the PRC. According to Mainland and Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region Arrangement on Avoiding Double Taxation or Evasion of Taxation on Income
agreed between the Mainland and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in August 2006, dividends
payable by subsidiary located in the PRC to the company in Hong Kong who directly holds at least
25% of the equity interests in the subsidiary will be subject to a no more than 5% withholding tax.
Since the preferential withholding tax is subject to the approval from competent taxation
authorities in PRC, it remains uncertain whether our company in Hong Kong actually would be able to
enjoy preferential withholding taxes for dividends distributed by our subsidiaries in China. Thus,
dividends paid to us by our subsidiaries in China may be subject to the 5% income tax if we are
considered as a non-resident enterprise under the EIT Law. If we are required under the EIT Law
to pay income tax for any dividends we receive from our subsidiaries, it will materially and
adversely affect the amount of dividends, if any, we may pay to our shareholders and ADS holders.
We may be deemed a PRC resident enterprise under the EIT Law and be subject to the PRC taxation on
our worldwide income.
The EIT Law also provides that enterprises established outside of China whose de facto management
bodies are located in China are considered resident enterprises and are generally subject to the
uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate as to their worldwide income. Under the implementation
regulations for the EIT Law issued by the PRC State Council, de facto management body is defined
as a body that has material and overall management and control over the manufacturing and business
operations, personnel and human resources, finances and treasury, and acquisition and disposition
of properties and other assets of an enterprise. Although substantially all of our operational
management is currently based in the PRC, it is unclear whether PRC tax authorities would require
(or permit) us to be treated as a PRC resident enterprise. If we are treated as a resident
enterprise for PRC tax purposes, we will be subject to PRC tax on our worldwide income at the 25%
uniform tax rate, which could have an impact on our effective tax rate and an adverse effect on our
net income and results of operations, although dividends distributed from our PRC subsidiaries to
us could be exempt from Chinese dividend withholding tax, since such income is exempted under the
new EIT Law to a PRC resident recipient.
Dividends payable by us to our foreign investors and gain on the sale of our ADSs or ordinary
shares may become subject to taxes under PRC tax laws.
Under the EIT Law and implementation regulations issued by the State Council, PRC income tax at the
rate of 10% is applicable to dividends on post 2007 earnings payable to investors that are
non-resident enterprises, which do not have an establishment or place of business in the PRC, or
which have such establishment or place of business but the relevant income is not effectively
connected with the establishment or place of business, to the extent such dividends have their
sources within the PRC. Similarly, any gain realized on the transfer of ADSs or shares by such
investors is also subject to 10% PRC income tax if such gain is regarded as income derived from
sources within the PRC. If we are considered a PRC resident enterprise, it is unclear whether
18
dividends we pay with respect to our ordinary shares or ADSs, or the gain you may realize from the
transfer of our ordinary shares or ADSs, would be treated as income derived from sources within the
PRC and be subject to PRC tax. If we are required under the EIT Law to withhold PRC income tax on
dividends payable to our non-PRC investors that are non-resident enterprises, or if you are
required to pay PRC income tax on the transfer of our ordinary shares or ADSs, the value of your
investment in our ordinary shares or ADSs may be materially and adversely affected.
We may become a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, which could result in adverse U.S. tax
consequences to U.S. investors.
Depending upon the value of our shares and ADSs and the nature of our assets and income over time,
we could be classified as a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, by the United States
Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If we are classified as a
PFIC in any taxable year in which you hold our ADSs and you are a U.S. investor, you would
generally be taxed at higher ordinary income, rather than lower capital gain rates, if you dispose
of ADSs at a gain in a later year, even if we are not a PFIC in that year. In addition, a portion
of the tax imposed on your gain would be increased by an interest charge. Moreover, if we were
classified as a PFIC in any taxable year, you would not be able to benefit from any preferential
tax rate with respect to any dividend distribution that you may receive from us in that year or in
the following year. Finally, you would also be subject to special U.S. tax reporting requirements.
We believe that we were not a PFIC for the taxable year 2007. However, there can be no assurance
that we will not be a PFIC for the taxable year 2008 and/or later taxable years, as PFIC status is
re-tested each year and depends on the facts in such year. For example, we would be a PFIC for the
taxable year 2008 if the sum of our average market capitalization, which is our share price
multiplied by the total amount of our outstanding shares, and our liabilities over that taxable
year is not more than twice the value of our cash, cash equivalents, and other assets that are
readily converted into cash. We could also be a PFIC for any taxable year if the gross income that
we and our subsidiaries earn from investing the portion of the cash raised in our initial public
offering in 2004 that exceeds the immediate capital needs of our active business is substantial in
comparison with the gross income from our business operations.
While we will continue to examine our results under the PFIC tests, we cannot assure you that we
will not be a PFIC for any future taxable year. For more information on the U.S. tax consequences
to you that would result from our classification as a PFIC please see Taxation United States
federal income taxation U.S. Holders Passive Foreign Investment Company.
Because there is limited business insurance coverage in China, any business disruption or
litigation we experience might result in our incurring substantial costs and the diversion of
resources.
The insurance industry in China is still at an early stage of development. Insurance companies in
China offer limited business insurance products and do not, to our knowledge, offer business
liability insurance. While business disruption insurance is available to a limited extent in China,
we have determined that the risks of disruption, cost of such insurance and the difficulties
associated with acquiring such insurance make having such insurance impractical for us.
Risks relating to our industry
The Internet infrastructure in China, which is not as well developed as in the United States or
other more developed countries, may limit our growth.
19
The Internet infrastructure in China is not as well developed as in the United States or other more
developed countries. In particular, we depend significantly on the PRC government and fixed line
telecommunications operators in China to establish and maintain a reliable Internet infrastructure
to reach a growing base of Internet users in China. We cannot assure you that the Internet
infrastructure in China will support the demands associated with the continued growth of the
Internet industry in China. If the necessary infrastructure standards or protocols, or
complementary products, services or facilities are not developed in China on a timely basis or at
all by these enterprises, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be
materially adversely affected.
The limited use of personal computers in China and the relatively high cost of Internet access with
respect to per capita gross domestic product may limit the development of the Internet in China and
impede our growth.
Although the use of personal computers in China has increased in recent years, the penetration rate
for personal computers in China is much lower than in the United States. In addition, despite a
decrease in the cost of Internet access in China due to a decrease in the cost of personal
computers and the introduction and expansion of broadband access, the cost of Internet access
remains relatively high in comparison to the average per capita income in China. The limited use of
personal computers in China and the relatively high cost of Internet access may limit the growth of
our business. Furthermore, any Internet access or telecommunications fee increase could reduce the
number of users that use our online services. Any fee or tariff increase could further decrease our
user traffic and our ability to derive revenues from transactions over the Internet, which could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We depend largely on the infrastructure of the telecommunications operators in China, and any
interruption of their network infrastructure may result in severe disruptions to our business.
Although private Internet service providers exist in China, substantially all access to the
Internet in China is maintained through the telecommunications operators, under the administrative
control and regulatory supervision of the Ministry of Industry and Information, or MII. In
addition, local networks connect to the Internet through a government-owned international gateway.
We rely on this infrastructure and to a lesser extent, certain other Internet data centers in China
to provide data communications capacity primarily through local telecommunications lines. In the
event of a large-scale infrastructure disruption or failure, we may not have access to alternative
networks and services, on a timely basis or at all.
We may not be able to lease additional bandwidth from the telecommunications operators in China on
acceptable terms, on a timely basis or at all. In addition, we may not have means of getting access
to alternative networks and services on a timely basis or at all in the event of any disruption or
failure of the network.
Unexpected network interruptions, security breaches or computer virus attacks could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We have limited backup systems and have previously experienced system failures, which have
disrupted our operations. Any failure to maintain the satisfactory performance, reliability,
security and availability of our network infrastructure may cause significant harm to our
reputation and our ability to attract and maintain users. Major risks involved in such network
infrastructure include:
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Any break-downs or system failures resulting in a sustained shutdown of all or a
material portion of our servers, including failures which may be attributable to sustained
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shutdowns, or efforts to gain unauthorized access to our systems causing loss or corruption
of data or malfunctions of software or hardware; and |
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Any disruption or failure in the national backbone network, which would prevent our
users from logging on to our website or accessing our services. |
Our network systems are also vulnerable to damage from fire, flood, power loss, telecommunications
failures, computer virus, hackings and similar events. Any network interruption or inadequacy that
causes interruptions in the availability of our services or deterioration in the quality of access
to our services could reduce our user satisfaction and competitiveness. In addition, any security
breach caused by hackings, which involve efforts to gain unauthorized access to information or
systems, or to cause intentional malfunctions or loss or corruption of data, software, hardware or
other computer equipment, and the inadvertent transmission of computer viruses could cause our
users to question the safety or reliability of our website and our services and could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In
addition, unauthorized access by third parties to our network could result in theft of personal
user information, which could have an adverse effect on our reputation.
Concerns about the security and confidentiality of information on the Internet may increase our
costs, reduce the use of our website and impede our growth.
A significant barrier to confidential communications over the Internet has been the need for
security. To date, there have been several well-publicized compromises of security as a result of
global virus outbreaks. We may incur significant costs to protect against the threat of security
breaches or to alleviate problems caused by these breaches. If unauthorized persons are able to
penetrate our network security, they could misappropriate proprietary information, including
personal information regarding our subscribers, or cause interruptions in our services. As a
result, we may be required to incur substantial costs and divert our other resources to protect
against or to alleviate these problems. Security breaches could have a material adverse effect on
our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks relating to regulation of our business and to our structure
We rely on contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua, CFO Glory and CFO Premium, our PRC-incorporated
affiliates, and their shareholders for our China operations, which may not be as effective in
providing operational control as direct ownership. If the affiliates fail to perform its
obligations under these contractual arrangements or PRC laws impair the enforceability of these
contracts, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and
adversely affected.
Because PRC regulations restrict our ability to provide Internet content directly in China, we rely
on contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua, our PRC-incorporated affiliate over which we have no
direct ownership, and its shareholders for operating our website and conducting our advertising
business. These contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing us with control over
CFO Fuhua as direct ownership.
If we had direct ownership of CFO Fuhua, we would be able to exercise our rights as shareholders to
effect changes in the board of directors, which in turn could effect changes, subject to any
applicable fiduciary obligations, at the management level. However, under the current contractual
arrangements, as a legal matter, if CFO Fuhua fails to perform its obligations under these
contractual arrangements, we may have to (i) incur substantial costs and resources to enforce such
arrangements, and (ii) rely on legal remedies under PRC law, which we cannot be sure would be
effective. In addition, we cannot be certain that the individual equity owners of CFO Fuhua will
always act in the best interests of China Finance Online, especially if they leave the company.
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In 2007, we entered into contractual arrangements with CFO Glory and CFO Premium, our
PRC-incorporated affiliates over which we have no direct ownership, with the intention of using
these two companies as vehicles to acquire PRC domestic companies to operate business, which we are
restricted from conducting directly by PRC regulations. Under the contractual arrangements, CFO
Glory and CFO Premium will pay us service fees in return for our strategic consulting and
technology support services. Currently CFO Glory and CFO Premium have no substantive business
operation. These contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing us with control over
CFO Glory and CFO Premium as direct ownership.
These contractual arrangements are governed by PRC law and provide for the resolution of disputes
through either arbitration or litigation in the PRC. Accordingly, these contracts would be
interpreted in accordance with PRC law and any disputes would be resolved in accordance with PRC
legal procedures. If CFO Fuhua, CFO Glory or CFO Premium fails to perform its obligations under
these contractual arrangements, we may have to rely on legal remedies under PRC law, including
seeking specific performance or injunctive relief, and claiming damages, which we cannot be sure
would be effective. In addition, the legal environment in the PRC is not as developed as in other
jurisdictions, such as the United States. As a result, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could
limit our ability to enforce these contractual arrangements. In the event that we are unable to
enforce these contractual arrangements, our business, financial condition and results of operations
could be materially and adversely affected.
If the PRC government finds that the financial data and information services we provide do not
comply with Chinese laws and regulations relating to the provision of securities investment
advisory services, we may suffer severe disruption to our business operations and lose
substantially all of our revenue.
PRC laws require entities providing securities investment advisory services to the public to obtain
a securities advisory business permit from the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or the CSRC.
On May 30, 2002, we received a notice from the CSRC requesting that we stop promotional activities
of our service offerings involving investment advisory content and alter the relevant content of
our website and offerings so that we are no longer deemed to be providing investment advisory
related offerings. Promptly after receipt of such notice, we entered into a business cooperation
agreement with a securities advisory company licensed to provide securities advisory services,
pursuant to which we receive modeling advice and data processing advice for the development of all
of our research tools. We subsequently filed a written report with the CSRC on July 18, 2002,
explaining our business arrangements with the securities advisory company. Since that time, we have
entered into similar business cooperation agreements with five other licensed securities advisory
companies. We have not received any further notices from the CSRC since the filing and have been
providing financial data and information services under this business framework since that time. We
cannot assure you that the CSRC will not revisit this issue and take a position contrary to our
interests.
If we are found to be in violation of Chinese laws and regulations relating to the provision of
securities investment advisory services, the relevant PRC regulatory authorities would have broad
discretion in dealing with such violations, including imposing monetary penalties on us, ordering
us to shut down our websites or forcing us to pursue alternative business objectives other than
offering financial data and information services. We may alternatively seek to apply for a
securities advisory permit, but we cannot assure that we will be able to secure one. As a result of
the possible penalties imposed on us, if the CSRC were to conclude that we provide securities
investment advisory services, we could suffer severe disruption to our business operations and lose
substantially all of our revenue.
If the PRC government finds that the agreements that establish the structure for operating our
China business do not comply with PRC government restrictions on foreign investment in the online
financial data and information service industry, we could be subject to severe penalties.
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PRC regulations currently limit foreign ownership of companies that provide Internet content
services, which include operating financial data and information services through the Internet, to
be no more than 50%. Accordingly, foreign and wholly foreign-owned enterprises are currently not
able to apply for the required licenses for operating such services in China. We are a Hong Kong
company. We conducted our operations in China solely through CFO Beijing, our wholly owned
subsidiary from April 2000 to December 2004. In late 2006, we acquired CFO Stockstar and CFO
Genius, and currently conduct our operations in China primarily through CFO Beijing, CFO Software,
CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO Success.
We are a foreign enterprise and each of our subsidiaries, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar
CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO Success is a wholly foreign-owned
enterprise under PRC law, and accordingly, neither we, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar,
CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO Success is eligible to apply for licenses
to operate our website. In order to comply with foreign ownership restrictions, we operate our
website in China through CFO Fuhua and its wholly owned subsidiary CFO Meining, both of which hold
the licenses required to be an Internet information content provider under the relevant PRC laws.
Zhiwei Zhao, our chief executive officer, and Jun Wang, our chief financial officer, hold 45% and
55% of the equity interests in CFO Fuhua, respectively. We have been and are expected to continue
to be dependent on CFO Fuhua and its wholly owned subsidiary CFO Meining to host our websites,
www.jrj.com and www.stockstar.com. We have entered into contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua,
pursuant to which we provide operational support to CFO Fuhua. In addition, we have entered into
agreements with CFO Fuhua and Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang, the shareholders of CFO Fuhua, which
provide us with the substantial ability to control CFO Fuhua. Wu Chen, a financial manager at
International Data Group China Ltd., a PRC company affiliated with IDG Technology Venture
Investment, Inc. and IDG Technology Venture Investments, LP, two of our principal shareholders,
transferred his holdings in CFO Fuhua to Jun Wang, our current chief financial officer, in October
2007. As a result, Jun Wang replaced Wu Chen as a party to all of the agreements we entered into
with Wu Chen in connection with his holdings in CFO Fuhua and the operation of CFO Fuhua.
There are, however, substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of
current or future PRC laws and regulations. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the PRC
regulatory authorities will not ultimately take a view that our arrangements with CFO Fuhua comply
with PRC law.
If we, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom,
CFO Success, CFO Fuhua, and CFO Meining are found to be in violation of any existing or future PRC
laws or regulations or fail to obtain or maintain any of the required permits or approvals, the
relevant PRC regulatory authorities would have broad discretion in dealing with such violations,
including:
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Revoking business and operating licenses of CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar,
CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom, CFO Success, CFO Fuhua or CFO Meining; |
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Discontinuing or restricting our operations or those of CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO
Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom, CFO Success, CFO Fuhua or
CFO Meining; |
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Imposing conditions or requirements with which we, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO
Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom, CFO Success, CFO Fuhua or
CFO Meining; |
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Requiring us, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO
Zhengning, CFO Wisdom, CFO Success, CFO Fuhua or CFO Meining to restructure the relevant
ownership structure or operations; |
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Restricting or prohibiting our use of the proceeds of our initial public offering in
2004 to finance our business and operations in China; or |
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Taking other regulatory or enforcement actions, including levying fines that could be
harmful to our business. |
Any of these actions could cause our business, financial condition and results of operations to
suffer and the price of our ADSs to decline.
Our contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua may be subject to scrutiny by the PRC tax authorities
and create a potential double layer of taxation for our revenue-generating services conducted by
CFO Fuhua.
We could face material and adverse tax consequences if the PRC tax authorities determine that the
contracts between CFO Beijing and CFO Fuhua were not entered into based on arms-length
negotiations. Although we based these contractual arrangements on those of similar businesses, if
the PRC tax authorities determine that these contracts were not entered into on an arms-length
basis, they may adjust our income and expenses for PRC tax purposes in the form of a transfer
pricing adjustment. A transfer pricing adjustment could, among other things, result in a reduction,
for PRC tax purposes, of expense deductions recorded by CFO Beijing or CFO Stockstar, which could
adversely affect us by increasing the tax liabilities of CFO Beijing or CFO Stockstar without
reducing the tax liabilities of CFO Fuhua, because CFO Fuhua currently does not operate profitably.
These increased tax liabilities could further result in late payment fees and other penalties to
CFO Beijing and CFO Fuhua for under-paid taxes.
We rely principally on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our wholly owned
operating subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have.
We are a holding company, and we rely principally on dividends and other distributions on equity
paid by CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom
and CFO Success for our cash requirements, including the funds necessary to service any debt we may
incur. If any of CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar , CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning,
CFO Wisdom or CFO Success incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing
the debt may restrict such entitys ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. In
addition, PRC tax authorities may require us to amend the contractual arrangements CFO Beijing
currently has in place with CFO Fuhua in a manner that would materially and adversely affect CFO
Beijings ability to pay dividends and other distributions to us. Furthermore, PRC legal
restrictions permit payments of dividends by CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius,
CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom or CFO Success only out of their net income, if any,
determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Under PRC law, CFO Beijing,
CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO Success are
also required to set aside a portion of their net income each year to fund specified reserve funds.
These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. Any limitation on the ability of CFO
Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO
Success to make dividends to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make
investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our businesses, pay dividends, or otherwise
fund and conduct our business.
The PRC government may prevent us from distributing, and we may be subject to liability for,
content that it believes is inappropriate.
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China has enacted laws and regulations governing Internet access and the distribution of news,
information or other content, as well as products and services, through the Internet. In the past,
the PRC government has stopped the distribution of information through the Internet that it
believes violates PRC law. The Ministry of Industry and Information, or MII, the General
Administration of Press and Publication and the Ministry of Culture has promulgated regulations
which prohibit information from being distributed through the Internet if it contains content that
is found to, among other things, propagate obscenity, gambling or violence, instigate crimes,
undermine public morality or the cultural traditions of the PRC, or compromise State security or
secrets.
In addition, the MII has published regulations that subject website operators to potential
liability for content included on their websites and the actions of users and others using their
systems, including liability for violations of PRC laws prohibiting the distribution of content
deemed to be socially destabilizing. The PRCs Ministry of Public Security has the authority to
order any local Internet service provider, or ISP, to block any Internet website maintained outside
China at its sole discretion. Periodically, the Ministry of Public Security has stopped the
distribution over the Internet of information which it believes to be socially destabilizing. The
PRCs State Secrecy Bureau, which is directly responsible for the protection of State secrets of
the PRC government, is authorized to block any website it deems to be leaking State secrets or
failing to meet the relevant regulations relating to the protection of State secrets in the
distribution of online information.
Under applicable PRC regulation, we may be held liable for any content we offer or will offer
through our website, including information posted on bulletin boards and online forums which we
host and maintain on our website. Furthermore, we are required to delete any content we transmit
through our website if such content clearly violates PRC laws and regulations. Where any content is
considered suspicious, we are required to report such content to PRC governmental authorities.
It may be difficult to determine the type of content that may result in liability for us. If any
financial data and information services we offer or will offer through our website were deemed to
have violated any of such content restrictions, we would not be able to continue such offerings and
could be subject to penalties, including confiscation of income, fines, suspension of business and
revocation of licenses for operating online financial data and information services, which would
materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Moreover, if any information posted on our bulletin boards or online forums were deemed to have
violated any of the content restrictions, we could be subject to similar penalties that materially
and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks relating to the Peoples Republic of China
Substantially all of our assets are located in China and substantially all of our revenues are
derived from our operations in China. Accordingly, our business, financial condition, results of
operations and prospects are subject, to a significant extent, to economic, political and legal
developments in China.
The PRCs economic, political and social conditions, as well as government policies, could affect
the financial markets in China and our business.
The PRC economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including
the amount of government involvement, level of development, growth rate, control of foreign
exchange and allocation of resources. While the PRC economy has experienced significant growth in
the past twenty years, growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the
economy. The PRC government has implemented various measures to encourage economic growth and guide
the allocation of resources. Some of these measures benefit the overall PRC economy, but may also
have a negative effect on us. For example, our financial condition and results of operations may be
adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations
that are applicable to us.
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The PRC economy has been transitioning from a planned economy to a more market-oriented economy.
Although the PRC government has implemented measures since the late 1970s emphasizing the
utilization of market forces for economic reform, the reduction of state ownership of productive
assets and the establishment of improved corporate governance in business enterprises, a
substantial portion of productive assets in China is still owned by the PRC government. In
addition, the PRC government continues to play a significant role in regulating industry
development by imposing industrial policies. The PRC government also exercises significant control
over Chinas economic growth through the allocation of resources, controlling payment of foreign
currency-denominated obligations, setting monetary policy and providing preferential treatment to
particular industries or companies. These actions, as well as future actions and policies of the
PRC government, could materially affect the financial markets in China and our business and
operations.
The PRC legal system embodies uncertainties which could limit the legal protections available to
you and us.
The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike common law systems, it
is a system in which decided legal cases have little precedential value. In 1979, the PRC
government began to promulgate a comprehensive system of laws and regulations governing economic
matters in general. The overall effect of legislation over the past 28 years has significantly
enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investment in China. Our PRC
operating subsidiaries, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar , CFO Genius, CFO Jujing, CFO
Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO Success, respectively, are wholly foreign-owned enterprises, which
are enterprises incorporated in China and wholly owned by foreign investors. Our wholly
foreign-owned enterprises are subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in
China in general and laws and regulations applicable to wholly foreign-owned enterprises in
particular. However, these laws, regulations and legal requirements are constantly changing, and
their interpretation and enforcement involve uncertainties. These uncertainties could limit the
legal protections available to us and other foreign investors, including you. In addition, we
cannot predict the effect of future developments in the PRC legal system, particularly with regard
to the Internet, including the promulgation of new laws, changes to existing laws or the
interpretation or enforcement thereof, or the preemption of local regulations by national laws.
Restrictions on currency exchange may limit our ability to utilize our revenues effectively.
Substantially all of our revenues and operating expenses are denominated in Renminbi. Renminbi is
currently convertible under the current account, which includes dividends, trade and service
related foreign exchange transactions, but not under the capital account, which includes foreign
direct investment and loans. Currently, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar and , CFO Genius,
CFO Jujing, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO Success, may purchase foreign exchange for settlement
of current account transactions, including payment of dividends to us and payment of license fees
and service fees to foreign licensors and service providers, without the approval of the State
Administration for Foreign Exchange. CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO
Jujing, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO Success may also retain foreign exchange in their current
accounts to satisfy foreign exchange liabilities or to pay dividends. However, we cannot assure you
that the relevant PRC governmental authorities will not limit or eliminate our ability to purchase
and retain foreign currencies in the future. Since a significant amount of our future revenues will
be in the form of Renminbi, the existing and any future restrictions on currency exchange may limit
our ability to utilize revenues generated in Renminbi to fund our business activities outside
China, if any, or expenditures denominated in foreign currencies.
Fluctuations in exchange rates could result in foreign currency exchange losses.
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Because our earnings and cash from operations are denominated in Renminbi, fluctuations in exchange
rates between U.S. dollars and Renminbi will affect our balance sheet and earnings per share in
U.S. dollars. In addition, appreciation or depreciation in the value of the Renminbi relative to
the U.S. dollar would affect our financial results reported in U.S. dollar terms without giving
effect to any underlying change in our business or results of operations. The Peoples Bank of
China sets and publishes daily a base exchange rate. Until July 21, 2005, the Peoples Bank of
China allowed this rate to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band with reference primarily to
the supply and demand of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar in the market during the prior day;
beginning on July 21, 2005, the Peoples Bank of China has allowed this rate to fluctuate within a
narrow and managed band with reference primarily to the supply and demand of Renminbi against a
basket of currencies in the market during the prior day, and the Peoples Bank of China also takes
into account other factors such as the general conditions existing in the international foreign
exchange markets. As a result of this policy change, Renminbi appreciated approximately 3.2% and
6.4 % against the U.S. dollar in 2006 and 2007, respectively. It is possible that the Chinese
government could adopt a more flexible currency policy, which could result in more significant
fluctuation of Chinese Renminbi against the U.S. dollar. We can offer no assurance that Renminbi
will be stable against the U.S. dollar or any other foreign currency.
Our statements of operations of our international operations are translated into U.S. dollars at
the average exchange rates in each applicable period. To the extent the U.S. dollar strengthens
against foreign currencies, the translation of these foreign currencies denominated transactions
results in reduced revenues, operating expenses and net income for our international operations.
Similarly, to the extent the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies, the translation of
these foreign currency denominated transactions results in increased revenues, operating expenses
and net income for our international operations. We are also exposed to foreign exchange rate
fluctuations as we convert the financial statements of our operations into U.S. dollars. Very
limited hedging transactions are available in China to reduce our exposure to exchange rate
fluctuations. To date, we have not entered into any hedging transactions in an effort to reduce our
exposure to foreign currency exchange risk. While we may decide to enter into hedging transactions
in the future, the availability and effectiveness of these hedges may be limited and we may not be
able to successfully hedge our exposure at all. In addition, our currency exchange losses may be
magnified by PRC exchange control regulations that restrict our ability to convert Renminbi into
foreign currency.
Risks relating to our shares and ADSs
Stock prices of Internet-related companies, particularly companies with business operations
primarily in China, have fluctuated widely in recent years, and the trading prices of our ADSs are
likely to be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to investors.
The trading prices of our ADSs have been volatile and could fluctuate widely in response to factors
beyond our control. Since the completion of our initial public offering in October 2004, the
trading prices of our ADSs have ranged between a high of $47.68 per ADS to a low of $3.95 per ADS.
During the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2007, the price of our ADSs on the NASDAQ Global
Market has ranged from a low of $4.53 to a high of $47.68 per ADS. The market prices of the
securities of Internet-related companies have generally been especially volatile.
In particular, the performance and fluctuation of the market prices of other technology companies
with business operations mainly in China that have listed their securities in the U.S. may affect
the volatility in the price of and trading volumes for our ADSs. Recently, a number of PRC
companies have listed their securities, or are in the process of preparing for listing their
securities, on U.S. stock markets. Some of these companies have experienced significant volatility,
including significant price declines in connection with their initial public offerings. The trading
performances of these Chinese companies securities at the time of or after their offerings may
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affect the overall investor sentiment towards PRC companies listed in the U.S. and consequently may
impact the trading performance of our ADSs. Changes in the US stock market generally or as it
concerns the Companys industry, as well as geopolitical, economic, and business factors unrelated
to the Company, may also affect the market price and volatility of our ADSs, regardless of our
actual operating performance.
In addition to market and industry factors, the price and trading volume for our ADSs may be highly
volatile for business specific reasons. Factors such as variations in our revenue, earnings and
cash flow, announcements of new investments, cooperation arrangements or acquisitions, and
fluctuations in market prices for our services could cause the market price for our ADSs to change
substantially. Any of these factors may result in large and sudden changes in the volume and price
at which our ADSs will trade. We cannot give any assurance that these factors will not occur in the
future.
If we grant employee share options and other share-based compensation in the future, our net income
could be materially and adversely affected.
We adopted the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, or the Plan, in January 2004, and amended the Plan in
September 2004 and August 2006. As of December 31, 2007, we had granted options under the Plan with
the right to purchase a total of 15,239,488 ordinary shares, of which 1,560,640 unvested options
had been returned to the pool of our ungranted options as a result of resignation from employment
by a few former employees. We had also granted share options to purchase up to 6,829,500 ordinary
shares in January 2004, under option agreements that were independent of the Plan, to other
consultants and business advisors of the company. In July, 2007, we granted restricted stock awards
covering 10,558,493 ordinary shares of the Company under our 2007 Equity Incentive Plan to our
employees who are eligible for the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan. Until December 31, 2005 we accounted
for options granted to our directors and employees and restricted stock granted to our employees in
accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees, or APB 25, and its related interpretations, which require us to recognize compensation
expenses for share options we grant where the exercise price is less than the deemed fair value of
our ordinary shares on the date of the grant. However, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or
the FASB, has issued Statement No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payments, or SFAS 123(R),
which requires all companies to recognize, as an expense, the fair value of share options and other
share-based compensation to employees at the beginning of the first annual or interim period after
June 15, 2005. As a result, beginning on January 1, 2006, we account for compensation costs for all
share options including share options granted to our directors and employees and restricted shares
granted to our employees using a fair-value based method and recognize expenses in our consolidated
statement of operations in accordance with the relevant rules under U.S. GAAP, which may have a
material and adverse effect on our reported earnings. Moreover, the additional expenses associated
with share-based compensation may reduce the attractiveness of such incentive plan to us. However,
if we reduce the scope of the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan and 2007 Equity Incentive Plan, we may not
be able to attract and retain key personnel, as share options and restricted shares are an
important employee recruitment and retention tool. If we grant employee share options or other
share-based compensation in the future, our net income could be adversely affected.
The sale or availability for sale of substantial amounts of our ADSs could adversely affect their
market price.
Sales of substantial amounts of our ADSs in the public market in the future, or the perception that
these sales could occur, could adversely affect the market price of our ADSs and could materially
impair our future ability to raise capital through offerings of our ADSs.
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There were 109,754,433 of our ordinary shares including 15,656,231 ADSs (representing 78,281,155 of
those ordinary shares) outstanding as of March 31, 2008. In addition, there are outstanding options
to purchase an additional 8,985,708 ordinary shares, including options to purchase 1,405,000
ordinary shares that are vested and immediately exercisable. Their ordinary shares, once issued,
are exchangeable for our ADSs for trading in the public market. The 82,837,921 ordinary shares that
were outstanding prior to our initial public offering are restricted securities as defined in
Rule 144 and may not be sold in the absence of registration other than in accordance with Rule 144
under the Securities Act or another exemption from registration. These restricted securities are
available for sale subject to volume and other restrictions as applicable under Rule 144 of the
Securities Act. To the extent ordinary shares are sold to the market, the market price of our ADSs
could decline.
A significant percentage of our outstanding ordinary shares are held by a small number of our
shareholders, and these shareholders may have significantly greater influence on us and our
corporate actions by nature of the size of their shareholdings relative to our public shareholders.
As of March 31, 2008, six of our existing shareholders, including IDG Technology Venture
Investments, LP, IDG Technology Venture Investment, Inc., Vertex Technology Fund (III) Ltd., C&F
International Holdings Limited, Ling Zhang and Jianping Lu, beneficially owned, collectively,
approximately 59.55% of our outstanding ordinary shares. As of March 31, 2008, IDG Technology
Venture Investments, LP and IDG Technology Venture Investment, Inc. together have one board
representative on our five-director board, and beneficially own, collectively, approximately 24.88%
of our outstanding ordinary shares. Accordingly, these shareholders have had, and may continue to
have, significant influence in determining the outcome of any corporate transaction or other matter
submitted to the shareholders for approval, including mergers, consolidations and the sale of all
or substantially all of our assets, election of directors and other significant corporate actions.
In addition, without the consent of these shareholders, we could be prevented from entering into
transactions that could be beneficial to us.
Provisions in our charter documents and Hong Kong law, and change in control agreements we have
entered into with each of our each of our executive officers, may discourage our acquisition by a
third party, which could limit your opportunity to sell your shares at a premium.
Our constituent documents and Hong Kong law include provisions that could limit the ability of
others to acquire control of us, modify our structure or cause us to engage in change in control
transactions, including, among other things, the following:
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Our articles of association provide for a staggered board, which means that our
directors, excluding our chief executive officer, are divided into two classes, with half
of our board, excluding our chief executive officer, standing for election every two
years. Our chief executive officer will at all times serve as a director, and will not
retire as a director, so long as he remains our chief executive officer. This means that,
with our staggered board, at least two annual shareholders meetings, instead of one, are
generally required in order to effect a change in a majority of our directors. Our
staggered board can discourage proxy contests for the election of our directors and
purchases of substantial blocks of our shares by making it more difficult for a potential
acquirer to take control of our board in a relatively short period of time. |
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Hong Kong law permits shareholders of a company to remove directors by a shareholders
resolution. Our articles of association require any shareholder who wishes to remove a
director in this way to give us at least 120 days notice of the resolution, making it
more difficult and time consuming for a potential acquirer who has |
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accumulated a substantial voting position to obtain control of our board by removing
opposing directors. |
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Our articles of association provide that our board can have no less than five and no
more than nine directors. Our board currently has five directors. Any increase in the
maximum number of directors on our board beyond nine directors can only be accomplished by
amending our articles of association, which under Hong Kong law requires a shareholders
supermajority vote of 75% and at least 21 days notice. These restrictions can make it
more difficult for a potential acquirer who has accumulated a majority of our shares to
take control of us by promptly increasing the size of our board and appointing new
directors that are its nominees. |
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Hong Kong does not have merger laws that permit Hong Kong companies to merge in the
same way as U.S. companies could in the U.S. However, the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance
has provisions that facilitate arrangements for the reconstruction and amalgamation of
companies. The arrangement must be approved by a majority in number of each class of
shareholders and creditors with whom the arrangement is to be made, representing
three-fourths in value of each such class of shareholders or creditors that are present
and voting either in person or by proxy at meetings convened by the High Court of Hong
Kong. The arrangements must be sanctioned by the High Court of Hong Kong after
shareholders or creditors approve it at the court-convened meeting. |
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Our shareholders have authorized our board of directors, without any further action by
shareholders, to issue additional shares. Under Hong Kong law, the authority granted by
our shareholders will remain valid until the conclusion of our next annual general
meeting, or the time when our next annual general meeting is required to be held. For as
long as this approval remains effective, or is renewed, our board of directors will have
the power to issue additional ordinary shares (including ordinary shares represented by
ADSs) and preference shares without any further action by shareholders. |
We are a Hong Kong company and because the legal and procedural protections afforded minority
shareholders under Hong Kong law differ from those under U.S. law, you may have difficulty
protecting your interests as our shareholder relative to shareholders of corporations organized in
the U.S.
We are a Hong Kong company and are subject to the laws of Hong Kong. The fiduciary responsibilities
of our directors, and the ability of minority shareholders to take successful legal action in Hong
Kong against us or our directors, are governed by the laws and court procedures of Hong Kong.
Shareholders of a Hong Kong company would not be able to bring class action lawsuits against that
company or its directors in a Hong Kong court in the same way that shareholders of a U.S.
corporation might be able to bring such lawsuits in a U.S. court. In addition, professional conduct
rules applicable to Hong Kong lawyers generally prohibit Hong Kong lawyers from accepting
contingency fee arrangements, where a lawyer representing the plaintiffs is paid a fee only if the
lawsuit is successful. Without contingency fee arrangements or the ability to bring class action
lawsuits, our shareholders may find it more costly and difficult to take legal action against us or
our directors in the Hong Kong courts. The Hong Kong courts are also unlikely:
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to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts of the United States based on
the civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws; or |
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to allow original actions brought in Hong Kong, based on the civil liability provisions
of U.S. securities laws that are penal in nature. |
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In addition, there is no automatic statutory recognition in Hong Kong of judgments obtained in the
United States. Moreover, Hong Kong companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder
derivative action in a federal court of the United States.
As a result of all of the above, minority public shareholders may have more difficulty in
protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, directors or controlling
shareholders than they would as minority public shareholders of a U.S. corporation. Moreover,
substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States and all of our current
operations are conducted in the PRC. In addition, most of our directors and officers are nationals
and residents of countries other than the United States. All or a substantial portion of the assets
of these persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to
effect service of process within the United States upon these persons.
The voting rights of holders of ADSs must be exercised in accordance with the terms of the deposit
agreement, the American depositary receipts, and the procedures established by the depositary. The
process of voting through the depositary may involve delays that limit the time available to you to
consider proposed shareholders actions and also may restrict your ability to subsequently revise
your voting instructions.
A holder of ADSs may exercise its voting rights with respect to the underlying ordinary shares only
in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement and the American depositary shares. We
do not recognize holders of ADSs representing our ordinary shares as our shareholders, and instead
we recognize the ADS depositary as our shareholder.
When the depositary receives from us notice of any shareholders meeting, it will distribute the
information in the meeting notice and any proxy solicitation materials to you. The depositary will
determine the record date for distributing these materials, and only ADS holders registered with
the depositary on that record data will, subject to applicable laws, be entitled to instruct the
depositary to vote the underlying ordinary shares. The depositary will also determine and inform
you of the manner for you to give your voting instructions, including instructions to give
discretionary proxies to a person designated by us. Upon receipt of voting instructions of a holder
of ADSs, the depositary will endeavor to vote the underlying ordinary shares in accordance with
these instructions. Although Hong Kong law requires us to call annual shareholders meetings by not
less than 21 days notice in writing, and all other shareholders meeting by not less than 14 days
notice in writing, these minimum notice requirements can be shortened or completely waived by the
consent of all holders of our ordinary shares entitled to attend and vote (in the case of annual
shareholders meetings) or a majority in number of the holders of our ordinary shares representing
at least 95% in nominal value of the shares giving the right to attend and vote (in the case of all
other shareholders meetings). If the minimum notice periods are shortened or waived, you may not
receive sufficient notice of a shareholders meeting for you to withdraw your ordinary shares and
cast your vote with respect to any proposed resolution, as a holder of our ordinary shares. In
addition, the depositary and its agents may not be able to send materials relating to the meeting
and voting instruction forms to you, or to carry out your voting instructions, in a timely manner.
We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can
instruct the depositary to vote your shares. The additional time required for the depositary to
receive from us and distribute to you meeting notices and materials, and for you to give voting
instructions to the depositary with respect to the underlying ordinary shares, will result in your
having less time to consider meeting notices and materials than holders of ordinary shares who
receive such notices and materials directly from us and who vote their ordinary shares directly. If
you have given your voting instructions to the depositary and subsequently decide to change those
instructions, you may not be able to do so in time for the depositary to vote in accordance with
your revised instructions.
Furthermore, the depositary has deemed any holders who do not send in voting instructions at all or
in time as having instructed the depository to give a discretionary voting proxy to the person(s)
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designated by us to receive voting proxies, with full power to exercise such holders (or holders)
voting rights under the ADSs underlying ordinary shares in the manner as the proxy holder deems
fit. Accordingly, matters that favor the incumbent board of directors and management will have a
higher likelihood of passing than would otherwise be the case.
The depositary and its agents will not be responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions
to vote, for the manner in which any vote is cast or for the effect of any such vote.
You may not receive distributions on our ordinary shares or any value for them if such distribution
is illegal or if any required government approval cannot be obtained in order to make such
distribution available to you.
The depositary of our ADSs has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions
(which may include securities or rights distributions) it or the custodian for our ADSs receives on
our ordinary shares or other deposited securities after deducting its fees and expenses. You will
receive these distributions in proportion to the number of our ordinary shares your ADSs represent.
However, the depositary is not responsible to make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs
if it decides that it is unlawful to make such distribution. For example, it would be unlawful to
make a distribution to holder of ADSs if it consisted of securities that required registration
under the Securities Act but that were not properly registered or distributed pursuant to an
applicable exemption from registration. The depositary is not responsible for making a distribution
available to any holders of ADSs if any government approval or registration required for such
distribution cannot be obtained after reasonable efforts made by the depositary. We have no
obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of our ADSs, ordinary shares, rights
or anything else to holders of our ADSs. This means that you may not receive the distributions we
make on our ordinary shares or any value for them if it is unlawful or unreasonable from a
regulatory perspective for us to make them available to you. These restrictions may have a material
adverse effect on the value of your ADSs.
You may be subject to limitations on transfer of your ADSs.
Your ADSs represented by American Depositary Shares are transferable on the books of the
depositary. However, the depositary may close its books at any time or from time to time when it
deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. The depositary may close its
books from time to time for a number of reasons, including in connection with corporate events such
as a rights offering, during which time the depositary needs to maintain an exact number of ADS
holders on its books for a specified period. The depositary may also close its books in
emergencies, and on weekends and public holidays. The depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or
register transfers of our ADSs generally when the books of the depositary are closed, or at any
time if we or the depositary thinks it is advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or
any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any
other reason.
Your right as a holder of ADSs to participate in any future rights offerings may be limited, which
may cause dilution to your holdings.
We may from time to time distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire our
securities. However, we cannot make rights available to our ADS holders in the United States unless
we register the rights and the securities to which the rights relate under the Securities Act or an
exemption from the registration requirements is available. In addition, the deposit agreement
provides that the depositary bank will not make rights available to you unless the distribution to
ADS holders of both the rights and any related securities are either registered under the
Securities Act or exempted from registration under the Securities Act. We are under no obligation
to file a registration statement with respect to any such rights or securities or to endeavor to
cause such a registration statement to be declared effective. Moreover, we may not be
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able to establish an exemption from registration under the Securities Act. Accordingly, ADS holders
may be unable to participate in our rights offerings and may experience dilution in their holdings.
In addition, if the depositary is unable to sell rights that are not exercised or not distributed
or if the sale is not lawful or reasonably practicable, it will allow the rights to lapse, in which
case you will receive no value for these rights.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
A. History and development of the company.
China Finance Online Co., Ltd. was incorporated in Hong Kong in November 1998. Prior to April 2000,
we did not conduct any business operations. In April 2000, we purchased all of the equity interests
of Fortune Software (Beijing) Limited and renamed it China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd., or
CFO Beijing, whereby we acquired our website, www.jrj.com.cn, and commenced our online financial
and listed company data and information operations. In October 2004, we purchased another domain
name, www.jrj.com, and commenced operating our business under this domain name in March 2005. We
maintain the same content under both domain names.
Since we commercially launched our service offerings in April 2001, we have conducted substantially
all of our operations in China through our wholly owned subsidiary, CFO Beijing until December
2004. In December 2004, we incorporated a new wholly foreign-owned enterprise, Fortune Software
(Beijing) Co., Ltd., or CFO Software. As wholly foreign-owned enterprises, CFO Beijing and CFO
Software are not permitted under PRC law to provide Internet information content, which requires
special licenses from the Ministry of Industry and Information or its local branches. In order to
comply with foreign ownership restrictions, we operate our website in China through Beijing Fuhua
Innovation Technology Development Co., Ltd., or CFO Fuhua, which holds the licenses required to be
an Internet information content provider under the relevant PRC laws. Zhiwei Zhao, our chief
executive officer, and Jun Wang, our chief financial officer, hold 45% and 55% of the equity
interests in CFO Fuhua, respectively.
In October 2004, we completed the initial public offering of our ADSs, each of which represents
five of our ordinary shares, and listed our ADSs on Nasdaq.
On September 21, 2006 China Finance Online entered into an agreement to acquire all the equity
interest in CFO Genius, CFO Genius engages in the business of constructing and maintaining
financial information databases and providing networked information solution. It was the first
company of its kind in China to build databases and to provide electronic information networks for
domestic securities and investment firms at the time of its establishment in 1994. The acquisition
is expected to strengthen the Companys position in the industry and provide future opportunities
to develop database products. CFO Genius is a financial information database provider primarily
serving domestic securities and investment firms, for a total cash consideration of $1,040,081,
including $40,081 in transaction costs.
In October 2006, we closed the acquisition of CFO Stockstar and CFO Meining, a related company of
CFO Stockstar that operates www.stockstar.com. Under the definitive agreements, we and one of our
affiliates paid US$6.5 million and RMB12 million, respectively, for an aggregate consideration of
approximately US$8 million, in exchange for 100% of the equity of CFO Stockstar and 100% of the
equity of CFO Meining. Established in 1996, www.stockstar.com is one of the leading finance and
securities websites in China.
In October 2007, we formed a strategic alliance with China Center for Financial Research (CCFR)
of Tsinghua University, one of the most reputable universities in China, primarily in the area of
financial database development. We receive exclusive technical advice and support
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from CCFR on the development of financial database and analytics. We also cooperate with CCFR on
other areas including training, product development, investor education, etc. This collaboration
enables us to further solidify our leading position in providing financial information, data and
analytics in China.
In November 2007, we successfully completed the acquisition of Daily Growth Securities
(formerly known as Daily Growth Investment Company Limited), a licensed securities brokerage
firm incorporated in Hong Kong with a history of over 35 years. Under the definitive agreement,
China Finance Online acquired 85% equity interest of Daily Growth Securities for approximately $3.6
million. In March 2008, we raised the authorized and issued share capital of Daily Growth
Securities; consequently, the total percentage of beneficial ownership by CFO Hong Kong increased
from 85% to 98.5%. By acquiring and fully integrating Daily Growth Securities with our existing
resources, particularly the vast investor base of our premium websites jrj.com and stockstar.com,
our goal in the long run is to provide a diversified portfolio of brokerage and informational
services to our users and improve the monetization rate of our website user base by capitalizing
our users growing interest in investing in Hong Kong-listed securities.
In January 2008, we entered into an alliance agreement with China Telecom, the largest wireline
telecommunications and broadband services provider in China, with a purpose to deliver a variety of
financial information services to China Telecoms more than 40 millions of broadband users. Under
the alliance agreement, the two parties will establish and maintain a co-branded financial channel
on China Telecoms broadband portal Vnet.cn, a website owned by China Telecom that also serves as
the payment platform for its broadband subscribers for various internet value-added services. China
Telecom will distribute our products through the Vnet portal as well as its business halls in
China, and the two parties will split the revenues according to the agreed-upon scheme under the
alliance agreement. We believe that this strategic move will further solidify our leading position
in providing financial information, data and analytics in China and also bring us a unique
opportunity to further enhance our brand awareness among internet users.
Our principal executive offices are currently located at 9th Floor of Tower C, Corporate Square,
No. 35 Financial Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100032, Peoples Republic of China and our
telephone number is (8610) 5832-5288.
B. Business overview.
We are one of the leading companies that specialize in providing online financial and listed
company data and information in China. We offer subscription-based services on a single information
platform that integrates data and information from multiple sources with features and functions
such as data and information search, retrieval, delivery, storage and analysis. We deliver these
features and functions using software tools that we have developed, which we refer to as research
tools. Our research tools combine:
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financial analysis tools that permit users to calculate and analyze quantitatively
financial data; |
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current and historical financial data and information for Chinas listed company
stocks, bonds and mutual funds; |
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categorized news and research reports; and |
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online forums and bulletin boards. |
With our screen layout and menu options, we display our research tools in a manner designed for
ease of use. The content and technology comprising our integrated information platform is also
designed to be adaptable so that as we develop new research tools and adopt new content and
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features, these new research tools, content and features can be easily integrated with our existing
platform.
Our service offerings permit users to subscribe to several of the service packages that we offer.
These offerings are broadly divided into three categories: Securities Market Information, Technical
Analysis, and Fundamental Analysis. Each service package contains one or more research tools. Our
research tools include a number of features and functions that, we believe, are innovative and are
not widely available in the Chinese financial markets. Our service offerings can be accessed using
our research tools and through our websites at www.jrj.com or www.stockstar.com. JRJ is the
abbreviation of Jin Rong Jie, which means financial industry in Chinese. As of December 31, 2007,
we had a total of approximately 9.0 million registered user accounts, and approximately 56,200
active paying individual subscribers. Our registered users are Internet users who maintain a
registered account with either www.jrj.com or www.stockstar.com. Active paying individual
subscribers refer to registered user who subscribe to a fee to one of our subscription-based
services offered by either www.jrj.com or www.stockstar.com by download or through mobile devices.
Our service offerings to users are used by and targeted at a broad range of investors in China,
including individual investors managing their own money, professional investors such as
institutional investors managing large sums of money on behalf of their clients and high net worth
individuals, other financial professionals such as investment bankers, stock analysts and financial
reporters, and middle class individuals. Most, if not all, all of our research tools are designed
for and tailored toward investors in China, allowing them to make informed investment decisions
with respect to all of Chinas listed company stocks, bonds and mutual funds according to
specifications and analyses determined by the investors.
Our website users are not charged for visiting our websites and obtaining basic financial
information such as real-time quotes and historical financial information for all of Chinas listed
company stocks, bonds and mutual funds, and financial news. Our integrated information platform,
which allows users to select from a range of downloadable and web-based research tools, is
available only through subscription. We categorize, process and, through our subscription-based
research tools and our website content, present data and research results to our subscribers,
allowing them to make informed investment decisions. Our service offerings are designed to enhance
our users and subscribers experience due to the following characteristics:
Comprehensive.
We offer a broad range of data and information regarding Chinas listed company stocks, bonds and
mutual funds. We offer more than basic financial data such as price and trading information and
provide our subscribers with breaking economic and financial news, detailed historical data and
information, financial analysis tools, market coverage and listed company analysis and online
forums that facilitate our subscribers own investment analysis efforts. We believe we have built a
comprehensive database of historical financial data and information on Chinas listed companies,
bonds and mutual funds with data and information dating back to December 1990, when the Shanghai
and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges first opened for trading.
Integrated.
Our information platform integrates data and information from multiple sources with features and
functions such as data and information search, retrieval, delivery, storage and analysis. Our
platform integrates all of the research tools, data and other information we have developed or
gathered and, together with our screen layout and menu options, displays them in a manner designed
for ease of use. The content and technology comprising our integrated information platform is also
designed to be adaptable so that as we develop new research tools, content and features, these new
research tools, content and features can be easily integrated with our existing
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platform. Depending on the service package chosen by the subscriber, a subscriber can have
different levels of access privileges to financial analysis tools, real-time and historical data,
news, research reports and online forums.
Interactive.
We have established online bulletin boards and discussion forums where users can share with each
other views on stocks and trends in the financial markets in China. In addition, we have introduced
stock alert services that send messages to our users mobile phones alerting them of changes in
stock prices and other trading related information of their interest, according to their pre-set
query parameters, allowing them to extend their experience with our services beyond the Internet.
Timely.
We provide our subscribers and users access to real-time stock quotes, breaking news and updated
research reports to allow them to stay current with the latest market developments. We receive
real-time stock, bond and mutual fund quotes and other trading related information directly from
the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. During an average trading day, we update our research
tools within three seconds of receipt of new data and information from the stock exchanges. We
also receive current news headlines from financial news websites and publishers and distributors of
traditional media. We also have provided our subscribers and users with up-to-date personal finance
news and wealth management products that we received from banks, trust companies, insurance
companies and other financial institutions.
Unbiased.
Our website presents third-party content, analysis and commentary, and computer generated
quantitative analysis to provide our subscribers and users with a broad view of the financial
markets in China. We do not formulate or publish views on this content, analysis or commentary.
Because we are not motivated to convince them to buy or sell any securities or to invest in any
specific investments, we believe our subscribers and users view us as an unbiased provider of
financial information.
Easy to use.
Our research tools and our website are designed with a screen layout, menu options and displays
that we believe any user familiar with a computer will find easy to use. From our basic web page,
our users can choose a variety of financial data and information topics that interest them. Through
our research tools, our subscribers have access to a large pool of historical financial data and
information, which they can categorize and analyze as they determine. We have a product development
team directed at working closely with our customer support personnel to update and develop
information and presentation formats that our subscribers view as enhancing ease of use and
increasing the informative power of our research tools and our website. Our website is also
designed to accommodate low bandwidth access to the Internet.
To assist us in the delivery of comprehensive, timely and easy to use service offerings, we have
developed a technology platform that utilizes the capabilities of the Internet. Our technology
platform allows us to retrieve real-time stock quotes from both the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock
Exchanges, historical financial data and information on listed companies, bonds and mutual funds
from data providers, research reports from securities advisory companies, futures companies and
securities brokerage companies licensed to provide securities advisory services, commentaries from
licensed individual securities advisors and news feeds from news publishers and media companies.
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A substantial portion of our revenue is derived from annual subscription fees for our service
offerings. For subscription services provided to individual investors, our current core business,
we receive subscription fees at the beginning of the subscribers subscription periods. Revenues
from the subscription fees are deferred and recognized ratably over the service period.
Growth Strategy
We are combing our own capability of organic growth with strategic acquisition and partnership.
Our own organic growth is achieved from:
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increase our sales force scale and improve efficiency by recruiting more telemarketing
sales personnel and training them with better sales skills; |
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increase our subscriber base by expanding distribution channels such as banks, mutual
funds and brokerage firms; |
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build our customer database by better understanding and in depth mining registered
users; |
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upgrade our existing service offerings and expand our present service offerings to
include data and information relating to other financial instruments such as mutual funds,
currencies, futures and commodities; and |
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continue to encourage our subscribers to migrate to newer, more comprehensive and
higher priced service offerings. |
On the other hand, strategic acquisition and partnership is achieved by:
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acquire strategic resources and capabilities in order to strength entry barriers,
expand business scale, diverse revenue resources and monetize registered user base; and |
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get access to complementary resources and capabilities through strategic partnership
that enables to penetrate into a bigger market in order to solidify our leading position
and enhance our brand awareness. |
Our Subscription Services
We collect, process and, through our research tools and our website content, provide to our
subscribers financial analysis tools, real-time and historical data, news, research reports and
online forums in one integrated information platform, allowing them to make informed investment
decisions with respect to all of Chinas listed company stocks, bonds and mutual funds according to
specifications and analyses determined by them.
Our features
Through our integrated information platform, our subscribers have access to and can make use of
each of our main content features: financial analysis tools, real-time and historical data, news,
research reports and online forums.
Financial analysis tools.
Our financial analysis tools are research tools that provide subscribers with the ability to
quantitatively calculate and analyze financial data, which include:
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Fundamental analysis tools, which are designed to enable investors to analyze data
based on company fundamentals; and |
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Technical analysis tools, which are designed to enable investors to analyze data based
on trends formulated by historical trading data. |
These tools allow our subscribers to perform fundamental and technical analysis on companies, bonds
and mutual funds listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, based on current and
historical financial data and information, trading volumes and other user specifications.
Real-time and historical data.
Our integrated information platform offers subscribers interactive charts, quotes, reports and
indicators on over 2,000 securities, including company stocks, bonds, warrants and mutual funds,
listed on Chinas Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. Users can search by company name or ticker
symbol for real-time stock quotes of these securities. Trading data is provided to us on a
real-time basis by each of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. We collect, categorize,
organize and index trading data provided to us to allow searches, sorting and analysis by user
specification and allow our subscribers to access and analyze the data, using our financial
analysis tools and other research tools.
We also offer our subscribers detailed historical data and information on listed companies, mutual
funds and bonds. This information is available for our subscribers to download from our website and
is available on compact diskettes but are not accessible to general viewers. We collect historical
data and information, process this information and, through our research tools, allow our
subscribers to retrieve critical data and information they select.
News.
Our news feature allows users to search and view breaking economic and financial news and
information from China and around the world. We do not report news ourselves. We have a team of
editorial staff who compile on daily basis economic and financial news and information reported by
other public sources that are relevant to Chinas financial markets. Our editorial staff further
indexes them according to topics and categories for the convenience of our users. Through our
research tools and website content, our subscribers can access timely and customized financial
information and reports, categorized and integrated into topics and sub-topics that they select,
based on their investment and analysis needs. The financial data and information presented on our
website or through our research tools is gathered from other financial information content
providers and intermediaries with whom we have contractual arrangements.
Research reports.
Through our integrated information platform, our users can view financial news letters and
analytical reports from a number of Chinas prominent securities professionals. We draw market
research reports and commentaries from securities advisory companies, futures companies and
securities brokerage companies licensed to provide securities advisory services, commentaries from
licensed individual securities advisors. For our subscribers, we categorize these reports and
commentaries based on topics, industry sector and other customary categorizations.
Online forums.
We host several online bulletin boards on our websites by which Chinese licensed securities
advisors offer their views on a variety of topics ranging from macroeconomic conditions to
performance of individual stocks, bonds and mutual funds. We do not support, comment on or advocate
any views presented by any such securities advisors. We also maintain several online
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forums on our website, enabling our users to participate in the discussions on specific financial
topics we believe will be of interest to them. The online forums are moderated by third party
moderators approved by us. We believe the online bulletin boards and discussion forums enhance our
users experience and, through our active monitoring, allow us to better understand our users
behavior and needs.
Our websites
Our website content and our research tools are the key components of our information platform. Our
websites have four primary functions:
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to attract visitors and market our subscription based service offerings; |
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to store content and serve as an integral part of our information platform; |
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to serve as download platforms for our service offerings; and |
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to display online advertisements. |
In order to attract visitors to our websites, we offer a significant portion of our website content
free of charge. This free content includes real-time stock quotes, trading volumes, pricing
indicators for listed companies in China and market news from the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock
Exchanges. Through our websites, users can also participate in online forum discussions and
bulletin boards. Our websites also have an important marketing function for our subscription based
service offerings. We provide examples to our visitors on our websites of the various premium
content and features they can access and receive by becoming a subscriber to our service offerings.
Our premium content and features are accessible through our research tools, some of which are
web-based and others are computer-based. Subscribers to our web-based research tools are required
to register and maintain personal accounts with our websites. These subscribers can store important
information they viewed and analytical results they obtained in their personal accounts maintained
at our websites, and later review that information and results using the same screen layouts and
menu options our websites provide.
Subscribers to computer-based research tools can download from our website the packages they
selected to their computers.
We believe our websites are designed for ease of use and accommodate low bandwidth access to the
Internet. In addition, we have also historically derived some revenue from online advertising.
Our research tools
Through our research tools we have developed, our subscribers can access and analyze our content,
including our real-time and historical data, news and research reports, in one integrated platform,
allowing our subscribers to make informed investment decisions with respect to all of Chinas
listed company stocks, bonds and mutual funds according to specifications and analyses determined
by them. Some of our research tools are web-based and others require download from our website and
are computer-based. Our subscribers pay us a subscription fee for the use of our subscription
services over a specified period of time, typically 12 months. .
We offer subscribers a variety of research tools designed to provide information and analysis,
including financial analysis, as well as the ability to search and sort out data and information,
based on subscribers needs and preferences. For example, we make available services that permit
subscribers to analyze our content using some or all of the following research tools:
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Categorized macro information. This feature allows subscribers to search and sort
up-to-date and comprehensive news and information relating to the broader financial
markets or a specific financial topic or industry sector. We have a dedicated team of
professional editors who collect, organize, categorize and index macro-economic and
financial market information on a daily basis, according to user feedback and
classification methods that we believe are accepted practice in securities markets in
China. |
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Industry sector analysis. Many investors in China seek to distinguish between listed
companies with investment potential and those prone to financial trouble by analyzing
listed companies financial data published in their financial statements and comparing
such data among companies within the same industry sector. We collect and process listed
company financial data and information according to classification methods set by relevant
PRC regulatory authorities, and allow subscribers to view the relative standings of listed
companies in the same industry sector or geographical locations based on market accepted
performance parameters such as price-to-earnings ratios and profit margins. |
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Fundamental analysis. Historical and real-time financial information are important to
investors because they provide insight into company fundamentals. This research tool
integrates the historical and real-time trading information we maintain in our database,
as well as fundamental financial information such as earnings-per-share, shareholdings and
other related data and information. Our subscribers can receive fundamental financial and
trading information organized by their specifications and display these results on a
graphical interface that we designed to be easy to visualize and navigate. |
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Mutual fund analysis. Our mutual fund research tool focuses on categorizing information
relating to the portfolio holdings of mutual funds. This feature allows subscribers to
study the collective effect of large market players on individual stocks. This feature
also offers information relating to the performance of individual mutual funds, allowing
subscribers to assess the risks and rewards of investing in mutual funds. |
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Technical analysis. This feature allows investors interested in trends formulated by
historical trading data to perform technical analysis on listed companies. With over 60
markets accepted technical indicators and a complete database of historical data and
information on all of Chinas listed company stocks, our subscribers can perform extensive
chart analysis and pattern recognition on any stock listed on Chinas stock exchanges. |
We currently offer different service packages incorporating some or all of our research tools to
our users. Our service packages provide research tools focused around three main areas: securities
market data, technical analysis, and fundamental analysis. We expect that as we introduce data and
information on commodities, we would include a separate research tool for that purpose. We view the
migration of existing subscribers and the attraction of new subscribers to our service offerings
with more comprehensive research tools as one of our most important growth strategies.
Our securities service packages. Our service packages focus on the following three main areas:
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Securities Market Data. Our Securities Market Data service packages are developed on
the basis of Level II quotes and TopView data licensed from Shanghai Stock Exchange. On June 15,
2006, we entered into an agreement with Shanghai Stock Exchange Information Network Co., Ltd.,
(SSEINC) which is associated with the Shanghai Stock Exchange, or SSE. Under the definitive
agreement, we are certified by SSE to develop service packages based on Level II quotes, and
upgrade the features and functions of our current products. The definitive agreement is
contemplated to continue through April 30, 2009. |
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Level II quotes give investors unique insight into a stocks price movement, which, we believe, is
of great value to Chinese investors. In addition, Level II quotes provide faster and more
comprehensive trading data and statistical information on market transactions.
In January 2008, once again we are certified by SSEINC to distribute TopView, a series of trading
data and statistics for stocks listed on SSE. Among other things, TopView reveals valuable
statistics, such as trading volume and price patterns of various types of trading accounts, which
give investors unique insight to identify and analyze major market participants trading activities
in specific stocks and thereby help investors make informed decisions. In addition, we are also
authorized to use TopView data to enhance and upgrade features and functionalities of our existing
products and develop new products.
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Technical Analysis. Technical Analysis involves researching historical price and
volume data, patterns and trends to predict the performance of a given stock. This type of analysis
focuses on chart formations and formulas to identify major and minor trends to recognize buying
opportunities and exit points. |
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Fundamental Analysis. Fundamental Analysis involves examining the companys
financials and operations, especially sales, earnings, growth potential, assets, debt, management,
products, and competition. Fundamental Analysis takes into consideration only those variables that
are directly related to the company itself, rather than the overall state of the market or
technical analysis data. |
Pricing policy
We price our service packages based on the research tools included and their level of
comprehensiveness, as well as on market demand. Each of the securities service packages has
multiple versions ranging from low end to high end with different levels of comprehensiveness in
terms of features and functionality which target various levels of customer demand for fundamental
analysis. Therefore, we focus on enhancing and upgrading the available features and functions of
our research tools and continue to introduce updated versions of our service packages. We encourage
all of our users to upgrade to newer versions of our service packages or more comprehensive service
packages.
We may, from time to time, offer discounts or promotions, depending on our perceived need in
accordance with our pricing policy. Any of such discounts or promotions could apply to new or
repeat subscribers as we may determine.
Our brokerage services
With the acquisition of Daily Growth Securities in November 2007, a licensed securities brokerage
firm with a history of 36 years, we provide a diversified portfolio of brokerage and other related
services to our customers who invest in stocks listed on Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Daily Growth
Securities is regulated by Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission and Hong Kong Stock
Exchange. In 2007, brokerage and related services provided by Daily Growth Securities represented
less than 1% of our total net revenues, and such services were not part of our core business in
2007.
Our online advertisement services
Our websites www.jrj.com and www.stockstar.com are among the most popular financial information
websites in China. Although we believe our internet community is an attractive demographic target
for advertisers because it represents an affluent, educated and technically sophisticated market,
in 2007, we continued to allocate most of our advertising inventory to promote our
subscription-based software offerings. In 2007, revenues from advertising-related
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services represented approximately 6% of our total net revenues, and online advertising was not
part of our core business in 2007.
Customer support
Our customer support center provides our subscribers real-time and personal support. Our customer
support center currently operates from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. on weekdays and 9:30 a.m. to 8:30
p.m. on weekends and holidays. Our customer support personnel, in addition to their sales and
marketing functions, help our existing and prospective subscribers to resolve any technical
problems they may have. We have an in-house training program for our customer support personnel,
which include training courses on Chinas securities markets, our service features and
functionalities, technical problem solving skills in respect of our research tools and general
customer service guidelines.
Our content providers
We draw content from the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, which provide us with real-time
stock, bond and mutual fund pricing and other information, and our data providers, which provide us
with historical financial data and information on listed companies, bonds and mutual funds,
according to our parameters, specifications and requirements. We also draw content from securities
advisory companies, futures companies and securities brokerage companies licensed to provide
securities advisory services, licensed individual securities advisors, and news publishers and
media companies, as well as financial institutions, such as banks, trust companies and insurance
companies.
Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges
We receive real-time stock, bond and mutual fund quotes and other trading related information
directly from the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. We have entered into an information
service agreement with each of the stock exchanges pursuant to which we pay the stock exchanges
fixed service fees in exchange for receiving real-time price quotes and other trading related
information through satellite communication. We also have cable links to both exchanges to serve as
back-ups to satellite communication data feeds. During an average trading day, we update our web
pages within five seconds of receipt of new data and information from the stock exchanges.
Our agreement with Shanghai Stock Exchange Information Network Co., Ltd., which is associated with
the Shanghai Stock Exchange, allows us to develop service packages based on Level II quotes and
upgrade the features and functions of our current products. Level II quotes give investors unique
insight into a stock prices movement and provide faster and more comprehensive trading data. We
also have an agreement with Shanghai Stock Exchange Information Network Co., Ltd. to distribute
TopView. Among other things, TopView reveals valuable statistics, such as trading volume and prices
of various types of trading accounts, which give investors unique insight to identify and analyze
major market participants trading activities in specific stocks and help investors make more
informed investment decisions. In addition, we are also authorized to use TopView to enhance and
upgrade features and functionalities of our existing products and develop new products.
Our agreement with Shenzhen Securities Information Co., Ltd., associated with the Shenzhen Stock
Exchange, is in the process of being renewed. Under these agreements, we may distribute the
financial data and information we receive to our users, but not to other vendors or distributors.
Each of these two data providers can terminate its respective agreement with us if we breach the
terms of the relevant agreement, such as fail to pay or delay our payment of fees to these
providers.
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Data providers
We acquired CFO Genius in September 2006. Starting from May 2007, CFO Genius has become our
primary provider of historical data and information on listed companies, bonds and mutual funds
for input into our information platform. We are able to obtain information in accordance with
designated parameters, specifications and requirements. This information includes historical
financial information for listed companies, significant corporate events such as mergers and
acquisitions and significant changes in the shareholdings of listed companies, information
concerning major shareholders of listed companies, biographical information for directors and
management of listed companies, as well as financial news and other data and information. The
updates provided by CFO Genius range from several times a day to once a month depending on the type
of information. In addition, we have raw data provision contracts with Financial China Information
& Technology Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Gildata Service Co., Ltd as alternative sources of historical
data and information.
Financial Institutions, securities advisors and stock brokerages
We have entered into cooperation contracts with various financial institutions, including banks,
insurance and trust companies. According to these contracts, they will provide the personal finance
information and product updates directly to us. We have also entered into cooperation arrangements
with securities advisory companies, futures companies and securities brokerage companies, each
licensed to provide securities advisory services. Under these arrangements, we have the right to
extract market commentary and research notes taken from their websites, and to store, reproduce,
market and deliver such information to our customers by means of our information platforms. We
upload financial content from these websites on a regular basis. In addition, we have entered into
cooperation arrangements with licensed individual securities advisors to receive through email and
other means their published articles and commentaries covering a range of topics from macroeconomic
conditions to performance of individual stocks, bonds and mutual funds. Many of these individual
securities advisors have dedicated columns or bulletin boards maintained on our website for which
they are responsible for maintenance.
News and media conglomerates
We also draw content in the form of breaking headlines and other news information from publishers
and distributors of traditional media.
Chinese news publishers and media companies
We are permitted under these arrangements to extract financial news, reports and information taken
from their print publication channels, and to store, reproduce, market and deliver such information
to our users through our website. We rely on our editorial staff to compile, for publication on our
website, publicly available financial news, reports and information received from these sources
that are relevant to Chinas financial markets.
Sales and marketing
We market our service offerings through our websites, as well as through customer support personnel
at our telemarketing and customer service centers. Our websites provide detailed descriptions of
our service offerings while our customer support personnel are available to explain to callers the
various features of our offerings and to resolve our subscribers technical problems. We also
market our service offerings through banks, mutual funds and stock brokerage firms.
We charge our subscribers a subscription fee for the use of our service packages over an agree-upon
service period, typically one year. Our subscribers either pay us by cash, by money
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order via post, by online bank transfer or by direct wiring of cash. Upon receipt of payment, we
promptly activate our subscribers accounts with us. Since we accept cash as the only payment
method, we do not take any credit risk of our subscribers. We have a refund policy, and refunds in
2007 represented approximately 1% of cash revenues received from individual subscribers.
Product development
We place significant emphasis on refining and upgrading our information platform, and on creating
new and innovative features to meet the changing needs of our customers and utilizing the latest in
technology and innovation. We believe that we are one of the few online financial information
service providers in China that have solid in-house software development capabilities. Our ability
to develop software internally allows us to broaden our service offerings and enhance our
competitiveness, while keeping development costs at a minimum.
Our product development team works as an integral part of our overall service offering efforts. For
example, we require our product development team to conduct frequent meetings with our sales and
marketing team to discuss the feasibility of new service offerings and the progress of existing
product development efforts. Our product development team also works closely with our customer
support team to develop features and content that is based on feedback we received from our
subscribers and users.
We expect product development to remain an important part of our business as the online financial
data and information services industry in China becomes increasingly sophisticated. In order to
remain competitive, we expect to continue to expand our product development efforts:
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to increase the breadth of our service offerings through the addition of new features
and functions to our service packages; |
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to enhance our subscribers experience by improving the quality of our research tools
and website; |
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to develop additional research tools, features and content specifically targeting the
high-end subscribers; and |
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to design and build new financial instrument service products that fit our strategies. |
Technology and infrastructure
Our internally developed technology infrastructure is designed to maximize the number of concurrent
users we can serve, while minimizing information retrieval time for our users. We deliver
electronically real-time and historical financial data and analysis tools to our users through our
internally developed technology platform, which is designed specifically for our web-based and
computer-based software services. Our technology platform, which consists of web server technology,
database technology and a data aggregation engine, enables us to enhance performance, reliability
and scalability in handling bursts of high-volume data requests during peak time, allowing users to
quickly retrieve the information that they search for even during periods of high concurrent use.
We own all of our servers. Our servers are capable of accommodating three times the number of
peak-hour concurrent users and four times our required bandwidth as measured during peak hours for
the twelve months ended December 31, 2007
Web server technology.
Our web server technology enables us to quickly develop and deploy information services
dynamically. Our web server technology includes features that are designed to optimize the
performance of our online services. For example, we developed a special feature that maximizes
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the time during which client-server connections are kept open, based on current server load,
thereby increasing user navigation and website access speed.
Database technology.
We have developed database technology to address the specific requirements of our information
services. Our database design and search techniques allow for efficient data retrieval within the
unique operating parameters of the Internet. For example, our dynamic index traversal technology
utilizes users inputted search parameters to determine the appropriate database index (from among
multiple indices) in parallel, thereby efficiently locating the data requested. Further, we use an
index compression mechanism to achieve an efficient balance between disk space and
compression/decompression for various database activities.
Remote data aggregation engine.
Our remote data aggregation engine allows us to retrieve, process and present data as a single
virtual database result from a variety of sources, either in real-time or at predetermined
intervals. We developed a template-driven profiling system that catalogs the data on each source
site. We also store data results internally in order to reduce network traffic and deliver the
results to our users as quickly as possible.
Competition
The online financial data and information service market in China is relatively new, has few
substantial barriers to entry and is competitive and rapidly changing. The number of online
financial news and information sources competing for users attention and spending has increased
since we commenced operations and we expect that competition will continue to intensify. More
broadly, we also compete, directly and indirectly, for users and subscribers with companies in the
business of providing financial data and information services, including:
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publishers and distributors of traditional media, including print, radio and
television, such as China Securities News, Shanghai Securities News, International
Financial Times, 21st Century Economic Reports, as well as radio and television programs
and news focused on financial news and information; |
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internet portals providing information on business, finance and investing, such as
sina.com.cn and sohu.com; |
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financial information web pages offered by websites such as hexun.com; |
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personal stock research software vendors, such as Shanghai Qian Long High Tech
Corporation, that develop and market stock research software through stock brokerage
companies; and |
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stock brokerage companies, especially stock brokerage companies with online trading
capabilities, such as Haitong Securities. |
Our ability to compete depends on many factors, including the comprehensiveness, timeliness and
trustworthiness of our content, the market acceptance, pricing and sophistication of our analytical
tools, the ease of use of our information platform and the effectiveness of our sales and marketing
efforts.
Many of our existing competitors, as well as a number of potential new competitors, have longer
operating histories, greater name recognition, larger customer bases and significantly greater
financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. This may allow them to adopt our
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business model and devote greater resources than we can to the development and promotion of
products and services similar to or better than our own. These competitors may also engage in more
extensive research and development, undertake more far-reaching marketing campaigns, and adopt more
aggressive pricing policies and offer products and services that achieve greater market acceptance
than ours. They may also undercut us by making more attractive offers to our existing and potential
employees, content providers and sponsors. New and increased competition could result in price
reductions for our service packages, reduced margin or loss of market share, any of which could
materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Intellectual property
Our intellectual property is an essential element of our business operations. We rely on copyright,
trademark, trade secret and other intellectual property law, as well as non-competition,
confidentiality and license agreements with our employees, suppliers, business partners and others
to protect our intellectual property rights. Our employees are generally required to sign
agreements to acknowledge that all inventions, trade secrets, works of authorship, developments and
other processes generated by them on our behalf are our property, and to assign to us any ownership
rights that they may claim in those works. Despite our precautions, it may be possible for third
parties to obtain and use intellectual property that we own or license without consent.
Our PRC subsidiaries, CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Wisdom, CFO
Success, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning and CFO Meining, are the registered owners of 47 software
copyrights, each of which has been registered with the National Copyright Administration of the
PRC.
We have registered two key domain names relating to our websites, www.jrj.com and
www.stockstar.com, with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN, an
internationally organized, non-profit corporation. We have also registered one domain name relating
to our website, www.jrj.com.cn, with the China Internet Network Information Center, a domain name
registration service in the PRC. We currently have 11 trademarks registered with the China
Trademark Office, owned by CFO Meining and CFO Genius. Our applications for trademark registration
of Financial Street Fuhua in Chinese and three other Chinese variations of Financial Street
Fuhua with the Trademark Bureau of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce of China are
still in the approval process.
Regulation
We operate our business primarily in the Peoples Republic of China under a legal regime that
consists of the State Council, which is the highest authority of the executive branch of the PRC
central government, and several ministries and agencies under its leadership, including:
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Ministry of Industry and Information; |
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the China Securities Regulatory Commission; |
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the Ministry of Culture; |
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the General Administration of Press and Publication (National Copyright
Administration); |
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the State Administration of Industry and Commerce; |
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the Ministry of Public Security; and |
46
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the Ministry of Commerce. |
The State Council and these ministries and agencies have issued a series of rules that regulate a
number of different substantive areas of our business, which are discussed below.
Foreign ownership restriction on Internet content provision businesses
PRC regulations currently limit foreign ownership of companies that provide Internet content
services, including our business of providing financial information and data to Internet users, to
50%. In order to comply with this foreign ownership restriction, we operate our website in China
through CFO Fuhua, which is wholly owned by Zhiwei Zhao, our chief executive officer, and Jun Wang,
our chief financial officer, who are both PRC citizens. Under PRC law, we cannot hold the licenses
and approvals necessary to operate our website because those licenses and approvals can not be held
by foreign entities or majority foreign-owned entities. We, as a company incorporated in Hong Kong,
SAR, are a foreign entity for this purpose.
There are, however, substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of
current or future PRC laws and regulations. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the PRC
regulatory authorities will not ultimately take a view that is contrary to the opinion of our PRC
legal counsel. If the PRC government finds that the agreements that establish the structure of our
operations in China do not comply with PRC government restrictions on foreign investment in our
industry, we could be subject to severe penalties.
Licenses and permits
There are a number of aspects of our business which require us to obtain licenses from a variety of
PRC regulatory authorities.
In order to host our website, CFO Fuhua and CFO Meining are required to hold an Internet content
provider, or ICP, license issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information or its local offices.
CFO Fuhua currently holds an ICP license issued respectively by Beijing Communications
Administration and Shanghai Communications Administration, local offices of the Ministry of
Industry and Information.
Each ICP license holder that engages in supply of analysis and research information relating to
stocks and other securities must obtain a securities advisory permit from China Securities
Regulatory Commission, or the CSRC. We currently do not hold a securities advisory permit. We
receive securities analysis and research information from licensed securities advisors that hold
securities advisory permits, and we have clearly stated on our websites and in our software the
source of such information as required by the CSRC.
A recent regulation issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information requires short message, or
SMS, content providers to obtain an SMS license from the Ministry of Industry and Information or
its local offices. We have obtained the required SMS license for the delivery of our financial
short message content.
Furthermore, the Ministry of Industry and Information has promulgated rules requiring ICP license
holders that provide online bulletin board services to register with, or obtain an approval from,
the relevant telecommunications authorities. CFO Fuhua and CFO Meining have obtained such approval
from Beijing Communications Administration and Shanghai Communications Administration,
respectively, the government agency in charge of this matter.
Regulation of Internet content
47
The PRC government has promulgated measures relating to Internet content through a number of
ministries and agencies, including the Ministry of Industry and Information, the Ministry of
Culture and the General Administration of Press and Publication. These measures specifically
prohibit Internet activities, which include provision of financial information through the
Internet, that result in the publication of any content which is found to, among other things,
propagate obscenity, gambling or violence, instigate crimes, undermine public morality or the
cultural traditions of the PRC, or compromise State security or secrets. If an ICP license holder
violates these measures, the PRC government may revoke its ICP license and shut down its websites.
CFO Fuhua and CFO Meinings ICP licenses expressly state that, in relation to their Internet
content provision and among other things, they are not allowed to publish general news on politics,
society or culture, or establish a news column, of provide such information under express heading
of news. Specifically, the Press Office of Beijing Peoples Government, the government authority
regulating news publication, confirmed with us that so long as we do not provide general news, we
are not required to obtain a license to publish financial or economic related news content.
However, on September 25, 2005, the Press Office of the State Council and the Ministry of Industry
and Information jointly promulgated the Provisions for the Administration of Internet News
Information Services, in which the authorities provided an applicable definition of internet news
information services and require that internet content providers that provide internet news
information services within such definition must apply for a license. CFO Fuhua and CFO Meining are
planning to procure such a license.
Regulation of information security
Internet content in China is also regulated and restricted by the PRC government to protect State
security. The National Peoples Congress, Chinas national legislative body, has enacted a law that
may subject to criminal punishment in China any effort to: (1) gain improper entry into a computer
or system of strategic importance; (2) disseminate politically disruptive information; (3) leak
State secrets; (4) spread false commercial information; or (5) infringe intellectual property
rights.
The Ministry of Public Security has promulgated measures that prohibit use of the Internet in ways
which, among other things, result in a leakage of State secrets or a spread of socially
destabilizing content. The Ministry of Public Security has supervision and inspection rights in
this regard, and we may be subject to the jurisdiction of the local security bureaus. If an ICP
license holder violates these measures, the PRC government may revoke its ICP license and shut down
its websites.
Intellectual property rights
The State Council and the National Copyright Administration have promulgated various regulations
and rules relating to protection of software in China. Under these regulations and rules, software
owners, licensees and transferees should register their rights in software with the National
Copyright Administration or its local offices and obtain software copyright registration
certificates. Although such registration is not mandatory under PRC law, software owners, licensees
and transferees are encouraged to go through the registration process and registered software
rights may receive better protections. We have registered all of our self-developed software with
the National Copyright Administration.
PRC law requires owners of Internet domain names to register their domain names with qualified
domain name registration agencies approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information and obtain a
registration certificate from such registration agencies. A registered domain name owner has an
exclusive use right over its domain name.
48
Unregistered domain names may not receive proper legal protections and may be misappropriated by
unauthorized third parties. We have registered our domain names, www.jrj.com and www.stockstar.com,
with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN, and obtained a certificate
for this domain name. ICANN is an internationally organized, non-profit corporation that has
responsibility for Internet Protocol (IP) address space allocation, protocol identifier assignment,
generic (gTLD) and country code (ccTLD) Top-Level Domain name system management, and root server
system management functions.
Website name
A PRC law published in September 2000 requires entities and individuals operating commercial
websites to register their website names with the Beijing Municipal Administration of Industry and
Commerce, or Beijing AIC, which is authorized by the State Administration of Industry and Commerce,
or the SAIC, as the only official registration authority in China during trial period. If any
entity or individual operates a commercial website without obtaining such certificate, it may be
charged a fine or imposed other penalties by the Beijing AIC. We have registered our website name,
JRJ Investment and Finance Network and Stockstar with, and received commercial website name
registration certificates from Beijing AIC.
Privacy protection
PRC law does not prohibit Internet content providers from collecting and analyzing personal
information from their users. We require our users to accept a user agreement whereby they agree to
provide certain personal information to us. PRC law prohibits Internet content providers from
disclosing to any third parties any information transmitted by users through their networks unless
otherwise permitted by law. If an Internet content provider violates these regulations, the
Ministry of Industry and Information or its local offices may impose penalties and the Internet
content provider may be liable for damages caused to its users.
Advertising regulation
PRC law requires entities conducting advertising activities to obtain an advertising permit from
the SAICs local offices. Entities conducting advertising activities without such permit may be
charged a fine or imposed other penalties by the SAICs local offices. We hold our advertising
permits through CFO Fuhua, a PRC domestic company wholly owned by Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang, and CFO
Meining, a subsidiary wholly owned by CFO Fuhua.
Brokerage regulations in Hong Kong
Daily Growth Securities, which operates in Hong Kong, is regulated by the Securities and Futures
Commission (SFC) of Hong Kong, SAR and Hong Kong Stock Exchange.
C. Organizational structure.
We conduct substantially our business through our wholly owned subsidiaries in China, which are CFO
Beijing, CFO Software, CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, CFO Jujin, CFO Zhengning, CFO Wisdom and CFO
Success. We are dependent on CFO Fuhua and CFO Meining, a wholly owned subsidiary of CFO Fuhua, to
host our websites. In 2007, we acquired Daily Growth Securities (formerly known as Daily Growth
Investment Company Limited) to provide securities brokerage services for stocks listed on Hong Kong
Stock Exchange. In March 2008, we raised the authorized and issued share capital of Daily Growth
Securities so the total percentage of beneficial ownership by CFO Hong Kong increases from 85% to
98.5%. In addition, in August and September 2007, we established CFO Glory and CFO Premium in
anticipation of using these two companies to acquire PRC domestic companies whose business are
those which we are restricted from conducting directly by PRC regulations.
49
The following table sets forth the details of our principle subsidiaries and PRC-incorporated
affiliates:
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Percentage of |
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Jurisdiction |
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Beneficial |
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of |
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Ownership |
Name |
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Incorporation |
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Interest |
Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd |
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PRC |
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100 |
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China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Beijing Fuhua Innovation Technology Development
Co., Ltd. * |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Stockstar Information Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Shanghai Meining Computer Software Co., Ltd.* |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Zhengning Information & Technology (Shanghai) Co.,
Ltd. |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Shenzhen Genius Information Technology Co., Ltd. |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Jujin Software (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Fortune (Beijing) Wisdom Technology Co., Ltd. |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Fortune (Beijing) Success Technology Co., Ltd. |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Beijing CFO Glory Co., Ltd* |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Beijing CFO Premium Technology Co., Ltd* |
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PRC |
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100 |
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Daily Growth Securities Limited |
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Hong Kong |
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98.5 |
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* |
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Denotes variable interest entity |
50
The following diagram illustrates our material entities involved in the operation of those
businesses and excludes dormant entities and entities, which aside from holding existing contracts
or conducting any operations as of March 31, 2008:
(1) |
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Zhiwei Zhao is our chief executive officer and director. |
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(2) |
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Jun Wang is our chief financial officer. |
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(3) |
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Zhenfei Fan is our financial manager. |
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(4) |
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Wei Xiong is our director of Human Resource and Administrative Department. |
PRC regulations currently limit foreign ownership of companies that provide Internet content
provider services, or ICP services, which include our business of providing financial information
and data to Internet users, to 50%. We are a Hong Kong company and we conduct our operations
51
solely in China through our wholly owned subsidiaries. We are a foreign enterprise and the wholly
owned subsidiaries are all foreign invested enterprises under PRC law and accordingly, neither we,
or wholly owned subsidiaries is eligible for a license to operate ICP services or provide online
advertising services. In order to comply with foreign ownership restrictions, in December 2000, we
formed our affiliated Chinese entity, CFO Fuhua, with Wu Chen and Xinzheng Wang, who later
transferred his holdings in CFO Fuhua to Jun Ning, our former chairman and chief executive officer.
Both Wu Chen and Jun Ning are PRC citizens and own 55% and 45% of the equity interest in CFO Fuhua,
respectively. Jun Ning resigned from his positions with us and transferred his holdings in CFO
Fuhua to Zhiwei Zhao, our current chief executive officer and a member of our board of directors in
November 2006. Wu Chen transferred his holdings in CFO Fuhua to Jun Wang, our current chief
financial officer in October 2007. CFO Fuhua holds the licenses and approvals that are required to
operate our website, as well as our domain names www.jrj.com.cn and www.jrj.com. CFO Fuhua also
holds the licenses and approvals required to operate our online advertising business. We and CFO
Beijing have entered into a series of contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua and its shareholders.
Zhiwei Zhao replaced Jun Ning as a party to these contractual arrangements when he received Jun
Nings holdings in CFO Fuhua in November 2006. Jun Wang replaced Wu Chen as a party to these
contractual arrangements in October 2007. As a result of these contractual arrangements, we are
considered the primary beneficiary of CFO Fuhua and accordingly, we consolidate CFO Fuhuas results
of operations in our financial statements.
Pursuant to our contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua, we provide equipment, services and domain
name licenses to CFO Fuhua in exchange for fees. The principal equipment lease, services and domain
name license agreements that we have entered into with CFO Fuhua include:
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an equipment leasing agreement, pursuant to which CFO Fuhua leases a substantial
majority of its operating assets from CFO Beijing; |
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a technical support agreement, pursuant to which CFO Beijing provides technical support
for CFO Fuhuas operations; |
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an amended and restated strategic consulting agreement, pursuant to which CFO Beijing
provides strategic consulting services to CFO Fuhua, including consulting services in
relation to CFO Fuhuas online advertising business; |
We made a loan to each of the shareholders of CFO Fuhua, Wu Chen and Jun Ning, solely for the
purposes of capitalizing CFO Fuhua. Pursuant to the loan agreements, Wu Chen and Jun Ning can only
repay the loans by transferring all of their interest in CFO Fuhua to us or a third party
designated by us. Zhiwei Zhao replaced Jun Ning as a party to the loan agreements when he received
Jun Nings holdings in CFO Fuhua in November 2006. Jun Wang replaced Wu Chen as a party to the loan
agreements when he received Wu Chens holdings in CFO Fuhua in October 2007. While Hong Kong law
limits the maximum interest payment chargeable under a loan to 60% of the total principal amount
per annum, we do not believe this limitation will have a material adverse effect on our business
and operations, or will result in a material amount being paid to the shareholders of CFO Fuhua if
and when they are permitted to transfer their interest in CFO Fuhua to us. In addition, we have
entered into agreements with CFO Fuhua and its shareholders that provide us with the substantial
ability to control CFO Fuhua. Pursuant to these contractual arrangements:
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the shareholders of CFO Fuhua have granted us or individuals designated by us an
irrevocable proxy to exercise all their voting rights as shareholders of CFO Fuhua,
including the right to appoint directors, the general manager and other senior management
of CFO Fuhua; |
52
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CFO Fuhua will not enter into any transaction that may materially affect its assets,
liabilities, equity or operations without our prior written consent; |
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CFO Fuhua will not distribute any dividends; |
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we may purchase the entire equity interest in, or all the assets of, CFO Fuhua when and
if such purchase is permitted by PRC law or the current shareholders of CFO Fuhua cease to
be directors or employees of CFO Fuhua; |
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the shareholders of CFO Fuhua have pledged their equity interest in CFO Fuhua to CFO
Beijing to secure the payment obligations of CFO Fuhua under the equipment leasing
agreement, the technical support agreement and the amended and restated strategic
consulting agreement between CFO Beijing and CFO Fuhua; and |
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the shareholders of CFO Fuhua will not transfer, sell, pledge, dispose of or create any
encumbrance on their equity interest in CFO Fuhua without the prior written consent of CFO
Beijing. |
On March 3, 2008, Jun Wang, Zhiwei Zhao and CFO Fuhua entered into a capital increase agreement,
under which Jun Wang and Zhiwei Zhao will increase their capital contribution in CFO Fuhua by
$449,000 and $549,000 respectively. As a result, the registered capital of CFO Fuhua will be
increased from $428,000 to approximately $1,426,000 . In connection with the capital increase
agreement, we entered into a loan agreement with Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang to extend each of Zhiwei
Zhao and Jun Wang a loan with the amount of 449,000 and $549,000, respectively, for the sole
purpose of financing their increase of capital contribution in CFO Fuhua. Under the loan agreement,
as conditions precedent to the extension of loans, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang shall have entered into
a share pledge agreement, purchase option and cooperation agreement with CFO (Beijing).
On March 3, 2008, Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang and CFO (Being) entered into a share pledge agreement,
under which Jun Wang and Zhiwei Zhao have pledged all of their equity interest in Fuhua to CFO
Beijing to secure the payment obligations of Fuhua under the equipment leasing agreement, the
technical support agreement and the amended and restated strategic consulting agreement between CFO
Beijing and CFO Fuhua. Under the share pledge agreement, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang have agreed not
to transfer, assign, pledge or in any other manner dispose of their interest in Fuhua or create any
other encumbrance on their interest in Fuhua which may have a material effect on CFO Beijings
interest without the written consent of CFO Beijing, except the transfer of their interest in CFO
Fuhua to us or the third party assignee designated by us according to the purchase option.
On March 3, 2008, CFO Beijing, Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang, CFO Fuhua and CFO entered into a purchase
option and cooperation agreement, or the purchase option agreement, pursuant to which, Zhiwei Zhao
and Jun Wang jointly granted us an exclusive option to purchase all or any portion of their equity
interest in CFO Fuhua, and CFO Fuhua granted us an exclusive option to purchase all of its assets
if and when (1) such purchase is permitted under applicable PRC law, and (2) to the extent
permitted by law, when Zhiwei Zhao and/or Jun Wang ceases to be a director or employee of CFO
Fuhua, or either Zhiwei Zhao or Jun Wang desires to transfer his equity interest in CFO Fuhua to a
party other than the existing shareholders of CFO Fuhua. We may purchase such interest or assets
ourselves or designate another party to purchase such interest or assets. The exercise price of the
option will equal the total principal amount of the loan lent by us to Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang
under their loan agreements to purchase their respective equity interest in CFO Fuhua, or the price
required by relevant PRC law or government approval authority if such required price is higher than
the total principal amount of the loans lent by us to Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang. We may choose to
pay the purchase price payable to Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang by canceling our loans to Zhiwei Zhao
and Jun Wang.
53
Following any exercise of the option, the parties will enter into a definitive share or asset
purchase agreement and other related transfer documents within 30 days after written notice of
exercise is delivered by us. Pursuant to the purchase option agreement, at all times before we or
any party designated by us acquire 100% of CFO Fuhuas shares or assets, CFO Fuhua may not (1)
sell, transfer, assign, dispose of in any manner or create any encumbrance in any form on any of
its assets unless such sale, transfer, assignment, disposal or encumbrance is related to the daily
operation of CFO Fuhua or has been disclosed to and consented to in writing by us; (2) enter into
any transaction which may have a material effect on CFO Fuhuas assets, liabilities, operations,
equity or other legal interest unless such transaction relates to the daily operation of CFO Fuhua
or has been disclosed to and consented to in writing by us; or (3) distribute any dividends to its
shareholders in any manner, and Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang may not cause CFO Fuhua to amend its
articles of association to the extent such amendment may have a material effect on CFO Fuhuas
assets, liabilities, operations, equity or other legal interest except for pro rata increases of
registered capital required by law.
Each of the contractual arrangement with CFO Fuhua and its shareholders can only be amended with
the approval of our audit committee or another independent body of our board of directors. The
shareholders of CFO Fuhua are not deriving any material personal benefits from these arrangements
and are not expected to receive any consideration, other than cancellation of the existing loans,
upon future transfer of their entire equity interest in, or all of the assets of, CFO Fuhua to us.
In 2007, we formed our affiliated Chinese entities, CFO Premium and CFO Glory, in anticipation
of using these two companies as the vehicles to acquire PRC companies to operate business which we
are restricted from conducting directly by PRC regulations. We formed CFO Premium with Wei Xiong,
our director of the department of human resource and administration and Zhifei Fan, our financial
manager in August 2007. Both Wei Xiong and Zhifei Fan are PRC citizens and own 55% and 45% of
equity interest in CFO Premium respectively. We have entered into a series of contractual
arrangements with CFO Premium and its shareholders including contracts relating to provision of
strategic consulting, technical and operational support services and certain shareholders rights.
As a result of these contractual arrangements, we are considered the primary beneficiary of CFO
Premium and accordingly, we could consolidate CFO Premiums results of operations in our financial
statements.
We entered into a loan agreement with Wei Xiong, and Zhenfei Fan,to extend them a loan with the
amount of $77,000 and $63,000 , respectively, for the sole purpose of financing their investments
in CFO Premium as CFO Premiums registered capital. The initial term of these loans in each case is
10 years which may be extended upon the parties agreement. Wei Xiong and Zhifei Fan can only repay
the loans by transferring all of their interest in CFO Premium to us or a third party designated by
us. When Wei Xiong or Zhifei Fan transfer their interest in CFO Premium to us or our designee, if
the actual transfer price is higher than the principal amount of the loans, the amount exceeding
the principal amount of the loans will be deemed as interest accrued on such loans and repaid by
Wei Xiong and Zhifei Fan to us. In addition, we have entered into with CFO Premium and its
shareholders agreements that provide us with substantial ability to control CFO Premium. Pursuant
to these contractual arrangements:
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the shareholders of CFO Premium have granted us or individuals designated by us an
irrevocable proxy to exercise all their voting rights as shareholders of CFO Premium,
including the right to appoint directors, the general manager and other senior management
of CFO Premium; |
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CFO Premium will not enter into any transaction that may materially affect its assets,
liabilities, equity or operations without our prior written consent; |
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CFO Premium will not distribute any dividends; |
54
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we may purchase the entire equity interest in, or all the assets of, CFO Premium when
and if such purchase is permitted by PRC law or the current shareholders of CFO Premium
cease to be employees of CFO Premium; |
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the shareholders of CFO Premium will not transfer, sell, pledge, dispose of or create
any encumbrance on their equity interest in CFO Premium without our prior written consent. |
We formed CFO Glory with Wu Chen and Zhiwei Zhao in September, 2007. Wei Chen and Zhiwie Zhao own
55% and 45% of equity interest in CFO Glory respectively. Wei Chen transferred his holdings in CFO
Glory to Jun Wang on September 1, 2007. W have entered into a series of contractual arrangements
with CFO Glory and its shareholders including contracts relating to provision of strategic
consulting, technical and operational support services and certain shareholders rights. As a result
of these contractual arrangements, we are considered the primary beneficiary of CFO Glory and
accordingly, we could consolidate CFO Glorys results of operations in our financial statements.
On September 1, 2007, we entered into a loan agreement with Wu Chen and Zhiwei Zhao, the
shareholders of CFO Glory to extend each of Wu Chen and Zhiwei Zhao a loan with the amount of
$77,000 and $63,000, respectively, for the sole purpose of financing their investments in CFO Glory
as CFO Glorys registered capital. The initial term of these loans in each case is 10 years which
may be extended upon the parties agreement. Wu Chen and Zhiwei Zhao can only repay the loans by
transferring all of their interest in CFO Glory to us or a third party designated by us. When Wu
Chen or Zhiwei Zhao transfer their interest in CFO Glory to us or our designee, if the actual
transfer price is higher than the principal amount of the loans, the amount exceeding the principal
amount of the loans will be deemed as interest accrued on such loans and repaid by Wu Chen and
Zhiwei Zhao to us. On September 10, 2007, we entered into a loan agreement with Jun Wang to extend
Jun Wang a loan in the amount of $77,000 on the same term as described above, for the sole purpose
of financing Jun Wang to acquire from Wu Chen the whole of Wu Chens holdings in CFO Glory. Upon
transferring all his holdings in CFO Glory to Jun Wang, Wu Chen has repaid his loans in full. In
addition, we have entered into with CFO Glory and its shareholders same agreements as those we
entered into with CFO Premium and its shareholders described above that provide us with substantial
ability to control CFO Glory.
D. Property and equipment.
Our principal executive offices as well as our subsidiaries, CFO Beijing and CFO Software, CFO
Fuhua, CFO Wisdom, CFO Success, CFO Glory and CFO Premium are currently located in Beijing, leasing
approximately 3,200 square meters. CFO Stockstar, CFO Meining and CFO Zhengning are located in
Shanghai, leasing approximately 3,300 square meters. CFO Genius and Jujin both are located in
Shenzhen, leasing approximately 900 square meters. Daily Growth Securities, located in Hong Kong,
leases approximately 500 square meters. We intend to seek additional office space as required for
our operations as needed on commercially reasonable terms. We believe that we will be able to
obtain adequate facilities, principally through the leasing of appropriate properties, to
accommodate our future expansion plans.
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon and
should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and their related notes
included in this annual report on Form 20-F. This report contains forward-looking statements within
the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, including, without limitation, statements regarding our expectations, beliefs,
intentions or future strategies that are signified by the words expect, anticipate, intend,
believe, or similar language. All forward-looking statements included in this annual report are
based on information available to us on the date hereof, and we assume no obligation
55
to update any such forward looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those
projected in the forward looking statements. In evaluating our business, you should carefully
consider the information provided under the caption Risk Factors in this annual report on Form
20-F. We caution you that our businesses and financial performance are subject to substantial risks
and uncertainties.
A. Operating Results
We are one of the leading companies that specialize in providing online financial and listed
company data and information in China. We offer subscription-based services based on a single
integrated information platform that combines financial analysis tools, real-time and historical
data, news, research reports and online forums. Our service offerings can be accessed using our
research tools and through our websites www.jrj.com and stockstar.com. Our service offerings are
used by and targeted at a broad range of investors in China, including individual investors
managing their own money, professional investors such as institutional investors managing large
sums of money on behalf of their clients and high net worth individuals, other financial
professionals such as investment bankers, stock analysts and financial reporters, and middle class
individuals.
Our net revenues increased by 263% to $25.9 million in 2007 from $7.1 million in 2006. Our net
loss was $4.1 million in 2007. For subscription services provided to individual investors, we
receive subscription fees at the beginning of the subscribers subscription periods. Revenues from
the subscription fees are deferred and recognized ratably over the twelve month period. Our
deferred revenues were $25.1 million as of December 31, 2007, compared to $6.4 million as of
December 31, 2006.
Our principal capital expenditures for 2005, 2006 and 2007 consisted of primarily purchases of
servers, workstations, computers, computer software, and other items related to our network
infrastructure for a total of approximately $235,000, $1.0 million and $3.8 million, respectively.
Key factors affecting our operating results and financial condition
Some of the key factors affecting our operating results and financial condition include the
following:
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performance of Chinas securities markets, and user demand for market intelligence on
Chinas securities markets, as well as the overall performance of Chinas economy; |
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contribution of alternative revenue resources such as revenues from online advertising; |
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|
|
seasonality associated with the level of activity of our users and subscribers and the
trading activities of Chinas securities markets; |
|
|
|
|
tax refund from the PRC tax authorities for value-added-taxes we are required to pay on
the sale of subscriptions to our service packages; |
|
|
|
|
other tax incentives we receive from PRC tax authorities resulting from CFO Beijing
being a foreign invested software development company and CFO Software being a foreign
invested high-technology company; |
|
|
|
|
our cost structure, including, in particular, our cost for raw data; |
|
|
|
|
the desirability of our service packages relative to other products and offerings
available in the market; |
56
|
|
|
our ability to benefit from the acquisition of CFO Stockstar, CFO Genius, and Daily
Growth Securities; and |
|
|
|
|
PRC telecommunication and regulatory policies. |
We derive revenues primarily from annual subscription fees from subscribers to our financial data
and information services. The level of public interests in investing in Chinas securities market
could significantly influence the demand for market intelligence on Chinas securities markets and
our products. Such demand could be affected by the level of trading activity in Chinas securities
markets. During the past several years, Chinas securities markets have experienced sizable
volatility.
To a lesser extent, we also derive revenues through advertisement sales on our website, which
contributed $1.6 million in 2007, representing a 17% increase from the $1.3 million contributed in
2006. Revenues from advertising accounted for 6.0% of our net revenues in 2007. We allocated most
of our advertising inventories to promote our subscription-based software offerings, and hence
online advertising was not considered a core service line of our business in 2007.
Our gross revenues also include the benefit of a refund from the PRC tax authorities for
value-added-taxes, or VAT, we are required to pay on the sale of subscriptions to our service
packages. We receive these refunds from the PRC tax authorities as part of the PRC governments
policy of encouraging software development in the PRC. There is generally a one-month lapse between
the time we complete a sale and pay the VAT on that sale and the time we receive the refund. We
recognized approximately $2.2million in revenue for VAT refunds in 2007.
Gross revenues
We generate subscription fee revenues mostly from the sales of the service packages we currently
offer, which are comprised of downloadable and web-based research tools. In general, a subscription
permits the subscriber to use the selected service package for a one-year period.
The most significant factors that affect our subscription revenues are:
|
|
|
the number of registered user accounts on our websites; |
|
|
|
|
the number of active paying individual subscribers; and |
|
|
|
|
the service packages selected by our subscribers. |
Although users of our website are not charged for visiting our website and obtaining basic
financial information, such as real-time stock quotes and historical financial information for all
of Chinas listed company stocks, bonds and mutual funds, financial news and research reports,
these users are our primary source of existing and potential subscribers. As users frequent our
website and rely on our offerings, we expect that a number of them will opt to purchase our
subscription services. A substantial portion of our revenues are currently derived from our
subscription services. Registered user accounts refer to user accounts registered by individuals
with either www.jrj.com or www.stockstar.com. Active paying individual subscribers refer to
registered users who subscribe for a fee to one of our subscription-based services offered by
either www.jrj.com or www.stockstar.com by download or through the mobile devices. We view
increase in the number of active paying individual subscribers as a measure of market acceptance
and customer loyalty to our service offerings.
We generally encourage our subscribers to migrate to newer, more comprehensive and higher priced
service offerings. We price our service packages based on the research tools included and their
level of comprehensiveness, as well as on market demand. From time to time, we may offer
57
discounts to and promotional rates for our service packages, which may be offered to new
subscribers or repeat subscribers.
Net revenues
Our net revenues reflect a deduction from our gross revenues for business taxes and related
surcharges incurred in connection with our China operations. Because CFO Beijing, CFO Software, CFO
Fuhua, CFO Wisdom, CFO Success, CFO Glory, CFO Premium, CFO Stockstar, CFO Meining, CFO Genius and
CFO Jujin operate in China, their gross revenues from sales that are not subject to VAT are subject
to a business tax at a rate ranging from 3% to 5%. We expect to pay business tax in the PRC on
revenues from advertising-related business and from mobile value added services we expect to
generate in the future.
We derives revenue from external customers for each of the following services during the years
presented:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subscription fees |
|
$ |
5,811,395 |
|
|
$ |
5,075,830 |
|
|
$ |
22,712,043 |
|
Advertising revenue |
|
|
996,311 |
|
|
|
1,337,630 |
|
|
|
1,560,194 |
|
SMS revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
298,232 |
|
|
|
1,339,321 |
|
Brokerage service revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
80,896 |
|
Others |
|
|
674,460 |
|
|
|
416,386 |
|
|
|
210,620 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
7,482,166 |
|
|
$ |
7,128,078 |
|
|
$ |
25,903,074 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue recognition
We charge our subscribers a subscription fee for the right to use our service packages for, in
general, a one-year period. For subscription services provided to individual investors, our
subscription fee is paid in full prior to the delivery of our service packages. Therefore, we do
not take any credit risk with respect to our individual subscribers. Upon receipt of payment in
full, we activate our subscribers account, marking the start of the subscription period, and
promptly provide the subscriber with an account access code. We begin to recognize subscription
fees as revenue upon activation of the subscribers account and then ratably over the service
period. Subscription fees that have been paid but not yet recognized are accounted for as deferred
revenue on our balance sheets. Deferred revenue is reduced proportionately as revenue is recognized
ratably over the service period.
We derive advertising fees from advertising sales on our website principally for fixed periods of
time, which are generally less than one year. We recognize advertising fees ratably over the
periods during which the advertisements are displayed on our website.
We also derive commission from brokerage services provided by the newly acquired subsidiary, Daily
Growth Securities, which buys or sells securities on their customers behalf. The commission
income is recognized on a trade date basis as securities transactions occur.
Cost of revenues
Our cost of revenues consists of expenses directly related to the offering of our software
subscription services. Our cost of revenues primarily consists of cost of raw data, cost of
bandwidth, salary and compensation, depreciation and rent. Cost of revenues accounted for 21% and
17% of our net revenues in 2006 and 2007 respectively, although the absolute amount of cost
58
of revenue experienced a sizable increase in 2007 compared with that of 2006. The decrease in the
ratio of cost of revenues to net revenues in 2007 is primarily due to the increase in net revenues
greater than the increase in cost of revenues. We believe the absolute increase will partly be
attributable to contribution from increase in website maintenance and development expenses of $2.9
million in 2007, compared to $943,000 from 2006, which consists of rent, cost of raw data, salary
and compensation, server depreciation expenses, bandwidth costs, and content expenses for our
jrj.com and stockstar.com websites. We expect our cost of revenues will increase in absolute amount
of our net revenues in 2008.
Rent. Rent attributable to cost of revenues reflects that portion of our rent expense that we
believe is directly used in the provision of our web content and database services. We allocate
rent to cost of revenues to the extent the space is occupied by our web content and database
personnel. Our rent is the largest component of our cost of revenues, constituting 26% of our cost
of revenues in 2007.
Cost of raw data. Our cost of raw data consists of bandwidth fees, which we pay to Internet Data
Center (IDC) and fees we pay to the stock exchanges and our other data providers pursuant to our
commercial agreements with those parties. These contracts are typically for a fixed rate, without
regard to the level of use, for a term, typically between one and three years, depending on the
provider. Our cost of raw data is likely to be our most variable element of cost of revenues. Our
cost of raw data is expected to increase:
|
|
|
if we enter into additional commercial agreements for purchasing data from new sources
or if we obtain different or additional data from existing sources or |
|
|
|
|
due to rate increases we may experience in the future upon renewal of our existing
agreements. |
Salary and compensation. Salary and compensation expenses include wages, bonuses and other
benefits, including welfare benefits. Salary and compensation included in our cost of revenues
relate to our web content and database personnel. We expect that our salary and compensation
expenses will increase in the future as we intend to increase our customer service performance as
our business further grows and expands.
Depreciation. Depreciation consists of depreciation of property and equipment, primarily our
network and servers. We include depreciation within cost of revenues when the relevant assets are
directly related to the provision of our web content and database services.
Operating expenses
Our operating expenses consist of general and administrative expenses, product development
expenses, and sales and marketing expenses. Stock-based compensation expenses are reported within
each of the cost of revenue and operating expense financial statement line items, as appropriate.
The decrease in the ratio of operating expenses to net revenues in 2007 is primarily due to the
increase in net revenues greater than the increase in operating expenses. The increase in absolute
amount of operating expenses is primarily due to the expansion of our business scale and the
increase in the salary and compensation for our personnel, stock-based compensation, cost of
professional services and other related costs associated with our being publicly listed in the U.S.
The most significant factors affecting our operating expenses are:
|
|
|
salary and compensation for our employees, particularly our sales and marketing
personnel and our management team; |
|
|
|
|
stock- based compensation expenses for the grant of the performance-based restricted
stock and for new grants issued in 2007; |
59
|
|
|
professional services and other related costs associated with being publicly listed in
the U.S; and |
|
|
|
|
expansion in operating scale associated with the acquisition of CFO Stockstar, CFO
Genius and Daily Growth Securities. |
We expect our operating expenses will continue to increase for the foreseeable future, but the rate
of such increase will depend primarily on our personnel needs, our advertising needs and our
computer, network and server capacity, including efforts we may undertake to expand our online
advertising business.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses primarily consist of
salary and compensation for our general management, finance and administrative personnel,
stock-based compensation expenses, rent, professional expenses and other expenses, including travel
and other general business expenses, office supplies and depreciation for general office furniture
and equipment. We expect our general and administrative expenses to increase in 2008 and for the
foreseeable future.
Product development expenses. Our product development expenses primarily consist of salary and
compensation expenses of personnel engaged in the research, development and implementation of our
new service offerings, rent and depreciation of equipment attributable to our product development
efforts. We expect that our product development expenditures will increase for the next twelve
months.
Sales and marketing expenses. Our sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of salary and
compensation for our sales and marketing personnel, as well as the marketing promotion fees. The
increase is largely due to compensation expenses as a result of increased sales force. We expect to
continue to increase our sales and marketing efforts in the foreseeable future.
Stock option plan and option agreements
We adopted the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, or the Plan, in January 2004. The Plan is intended to
promote our success and to increase shareholder value by providing an additional means to attract,
motivate, retain and reward selected directors, officers, employees and other eligible persons. An
aggregate of 5,688,488 ordinary shares were reserved for issuance under the Plan in January 2004.
We amended the Plan in September 2004 to increase the total number of ordinary shares issuable
under the Plan by 5,000,000. We granted options under the Plan with the right to purchase up to
5,688,488 ordinary shares (including 90,000 options to eligible individual consultants and
advisors) in 2004, of which 623,000 unvested options had been returned to the pool of our ungranted
options as a result of resignation from employment by a few former employees as of March 31,2008.
In 2005, we granted to selected directors, officers, employees, individual consultants and advisors
under the Plan options with the right to purchase up to 5,003,000 ordinary shares, of which
899,640 unvested options had been returned to the pool of our ungranted options as a result of
resignation from employment by a few former employees. In July 2006, we granted options to purchase
up to 700,000 ordinary shares to selected officers under the Plan. We amended the Plan again in
December 2006 to increase the total number of ordinary shares reserved for issuance under the Plan
to 15,688,488. In 2007, we granted to selected directors, officers, employees, individual
consultants and advisors under the Plan options with the right to purchase up to 3,848,000 ordinary
shares, of which 40,560 unvested options had been returned to the pool of our ungranted options as
a result of resignation from employment by a few former employees. As of March 31, 2008 we may
grant options to purchase up to an additional 2,012,200 ordinary shares under the Plan.
The options we granted in January and February of 2004 have an exercise price of $0.16 per share
and will expire on March 5, 2009. The options we granted in June 2004 have an exercise price of
60
$1.04 per share and will expire on March 5, 2009. The options we granted in February 2005 have an
exercise price of $1.31 per share and will expire on February 18, 2015. The exercise price for the
400,000 and 200,000 options we granted in November 2005 were $1.12 and $1.16 per share
respectively. The 700,000 options we granted in July 2006 have an exercise prices of $1.07 per
share and will expire on July 4, 2016.The 3,272,000 options we granted in January 2007 under the
Plan have an exercise price of $0.96 per share and will expire on January 17, 2017. The 100,000 and
150,000 options we granted in April and May, 2007 have exercise prices of $1.25 and $1.318 per
share respectively, and will expire on April 4, 2017 and May 9, 2017 respectively. The 323,000 and
3,000 options we granted in August and September 2007 have exercise prices of $2.03 and 2.188 per
share, respectively, and will expire on August 26, 2017 and September 3, 2017 respectively.
Options granted under the Plan generally do not vest unless the grantee remains under our
employment or in service with us on the given vesting date. However, in circumstances where there
is a death or disability of the grantee, or a change in the control of our company, the vesting of
options will be accelerated to permit immediate exercise of all options granted to a grantee.
Generally, to the extent an outstanding option granted under the Plan has not vested by the date
the grantees employment or service with us terminates, the option will terminate and become
unexercisable. Our board of directors may amend, alter, suspend, or terminate the Plan at any time,
provided, however, that our board of directors must first seek the approval of our shareholders
and, if such amendment, alteration, suspension or termination would adversely affect the rights of
an optionee under any option granted prior to that date, the approval of such optionee. Under the
Plan, as of March 31, 2008, we have a total number of 7,294,388 options that are currently vested
and exercisable for ordinary shares.
We also granted share options to purchase up to 6,829,500 ordinary shares in January 2004, under
option agreements that were independent of the Plan, to other consultants and business advisors of
the company, 5,424,500 ordinary shares have been exercised as of March 31, 2008.
On
July 2, 2007, we granted restricted stock awards covering 10,558,493 ordinary shares of the
company under our 2007 Equity Incentive Plan to our employees who are eligible for the 2007 Equity
Incentive Plan. The vesting of the restrictive stock are subject to us achieving certain financial
performance targets stated in the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan. In order to bind the employees
together in achieving the common goal, the ordinary shares are held by C&F International Holdings
Limited for the benefit whole group of eligible employees. Pursuant to the 2007 Equity Incentive
Plan and the restricted stock issuance and allocation agreement effective as of July, 2, 2007, we
issued 10,558,493 ordinary shares to C&F International Holdings Limited, a company incorporated in
British Virgin Islands, which holds the ordinary shares on behalf of and exclusively for the
benefit of the group of employees eligible for the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan. C&F International
Holdings Limited is 100% owned by C&F Global Limited, a British Virgin Islands Company, which is in
turn owned by the grantees. As of December 31, 2007, 10,558,493 ordinary shares have been issued
and allotted to selected employees pursuant to the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan.
Critical accounting policies
We prepare our financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts
of revenues and expenses during the financial reporting period. We continually evaluate these
estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, our own historical
experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the
circumstances. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting
process, actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of our accounting policies require
higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. We consider the policies discussed
61
below to be critical to an understanding of our financial statements as their application places
the most significant demands on our managements judgment.
Income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the tax basis
of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements, net operating
loss carry forwards and credits by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years.
Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is
more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing
authorities.
Stock-based compensation. Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004),
Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123(R)), using the modified prospective transition method. Under
this method, stock-based compensation expense recognized beginning January 1, 2006 includes: (a)
compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted prior to, but not yet vested
as of January 1, 2006 based on the fair market value as of the grant date, measured in accordance
with SFAS 123, and (b) compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted on or
subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on grant-date fair vale estimated in accordance with the
provisions of SFAS 123(R). We recognize stock-based compensation costs on a graded-vesting
attribution method over the requisite service period which is generally the vesting period.
For options vested prior to January 1, 2006, we accounted for share-based compensation plans in
accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees, as amended (APB 25). Accordingly, we recognized compensation expense only when
options were granted with a discounted exercise price. The compensation expense was recognized
ratably over the requisite service period, which was generally the vesting period of the options.
Cost method investment. In December 2005, we purchased 9,800,000 Series B preferred shares in a
private company, Moloon International Inc., (Moloon) for $15,000,000, which represents a 25%
interest in Moloon on an if-converted basis. The investment in these preferred shares is not
in-substance common stock, and accordingly, the investment has been recorded as a cost method
investment. As Moloon does not have readily determinable fair value, we carry the investment at
cost and only adjusted for other-than-temporary declines in fair value and distributions of
earnings. The management regularly evaluates the impairment of the cost method investment based on
performance and the financial position of the investee as well as other evidence of market value.
Such evaluation includes, but is not limited to, reviewing the investees cash position, recent
financings, projected and historical financial performance, cash flow forecasts and financing
needs. An impairment loss is recognized in earnings equal to the difference between the
investments cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for which
the assessment is made. The fair value of the investment would then become the new cost basis of
the investment. We recorded an other-than-temporary impairment charge totaling $1,322,000 during
the year ended December 31, 2006, and $11,127,000 during the year ended December 31, 2007. No
impairment charges were recorded during the year ended December 31, 2005.
Goodwill. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded
on the consolidated balance sheet as goodwill.
We test goodwill annually following a two-step process in accordance with SFAS No. 142. The first
step compares the fair values of each reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill.
If the fair value of each reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered to
be impaired and the second step will not be required. If the carrying amount of a
62
reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step compares the implied fair value of goodwill
to the carrying value of a reporting units goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is
determined in a manner similar to accounting for a business combination with the allocation of the
assessed fair value determined in the first step to the assets and liabilities of the reporting
unit. The excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the amounts assigned to the assets
and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss is recognized for any
excess in the carrying value of goodwill over the implied fair value of goodwill.
We perform goodwill impairment tests annually on December 31 by comparing the book value to the
fair value of each reporting unit. Based on the our assessment, there was no impairment of
goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007.
Impairment of long-lived assets. We review our long-lived assets for impairment whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may no longer be
recoverable. When these events occur, we measure impairment by comparing the carrying value of the
long-lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use
of the assets and our eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flow is
less than the carrying amount of the assets, we would recognize an impairment loss based on the
fair value of the assets. There were no impairment losses in the years ended December 31, 2005,
2006 and 2007.
Results of operations
The following table sets forth certain information relating to our results of operations, and our
consolidated statements of operations as a percentage of net revenues, for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31, |
(in thousands of U.S. dollars, except as % of net revenues)(1) |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
Consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income
(loss) data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross revenues(2) |
|
$ |
7,627 |
|
|
|
101.9 |
% |
|
$ |
7,337 |
|
|
|
102.9 |
% |
|
$ |
26,570 |
|
|
|
102.6 |
% |
Business tax |
|
|
(145 |
) |
|
|
(1.9 |
) |
|
|
(209 |
) |
|
|
(2.9 |
) |
|
|
(667 |
) |
|
|
(2.6 |
) |
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
|
7,482 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
7,128 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
25,903 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
Cost of revenues |
|
|
(482 |
) |
|
|
(6.4 |
) |
|
|
(1,468 |
) |
|
|
(20.6 |
) |
|
|
(4,427 |
) |
|
|
(17.1 |
) |
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
|
7,000 |
|
|
|
93.6 |
|
|
|
5,660 |
|
|
|
79.4 |
|
|
|
21,476 |
|
|
|
82.9 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative |
|
|
(1,740 |
) |
|
|
(23.3 |
) |
|
|
(2,956 |
) |
|
|
(41.5 |
) |
|
|
(7,784 |
) |
|
|
(30.1 |
) |
Product development |
|
|
(236 |
) |
|
|
(3.2 |
) |
|
|
(742 |
) |
|
|
(10.4 |
) |
|
|
(2,269 |
) |
|
|
(8.8 |
) |
Sales and marketing |
|
|
(1,795 |
) |
|
|
(24.0 |
) |
|
|
(2,666 |
) |
|
|
(37.4 |
) |
|
|
(6,924 |
) |
|
|
(26.7 |
) |
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
(3,771 |
) |
|
|
(50.5 |
) |
|
|
(6,364 |
) |
|
|
(89.3 |
) |
|
|
(16,977 |
) |
|
|
(65.5 |
) |
Subsidy income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
Income from operations |
|
|
3,229 |
|
|
|
43.2 |
|
|
|
(704 |
) |
|
|
(9.9 |
) |
|
|
4,635 |
|
|
|
17.9 |
|
Interest income |
|
|
1,486 |
|
|
|
19.9 |
|
|
|
1,003 |
|
|
|
14.1 |
|
|
|
1,105 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
Exchange gain (net) |
|
|
366 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
267 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
424 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
Other expense, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
115 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
0.03 |
|
Loss from impairment of cost method investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,322 |
) |
|
|
(18.5 |
) |
|
|
(11,127 |
) |
|
|
(43.0 |
) |
Income before income taxes benefit (provision) |
|
|
5,081 |
|
|
|
67.9 |
|
|
|
(641 |
) |
|
|
(9.0 |
) |
|
|
(4,954 |
) |
|
|
(19.1 |
) |
Minority interests in net income of consolidated subsidiary |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
0.06 |
|
Income tax benefit (provision) |
|
|
(457 |
) |
|
|
(6.1 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
(0.58 |
) |
|
|
809 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
4,624 |
|
|
|
61.8 |
% |
|
$ |
(600 |
) |
|
|
(8.4 |
%) |
|
$ |
(4,130 |
) |
|
|
(15.9 |
%) |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
For the results of operations for a specified period, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were calculated at the average exchange rate for that period. For the years
ended |
63
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were calculated at RMB8.1472, RMB7.9693 and RMB7.6072 per US$1.00, respectively. |
|
(2) |
|
For subscriptions provided to individual investors, we receive subscription fees at the beginning of the subscribers subscription periods. Revenues from the
subscription fees are deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period, typically twelve months. |
Year ended December 31, 2007 compared to year ended December 31, 2006
Revenues
Our gross revenues increased by 264% from $7.3 million in 2006 to $26.6 million in 2007. For our
subscription business, individual customers pay the entire subscription fee upfront in cash for
services to be received over a specified period of time, typically 12 months. Such subscription
fees are recognized as net revenues ratably over the service period, and those that have not been
rendered at the end of a reporting period are recorded as deferred revenue in the balance sheet.
Deferred revenue at the end of 2007 is $25.1 million, compared to $6.4 million at the end of 2006,
The significant increase in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2007 is [due to our
strong performance in the subscription business and such increase in deferred revenue will be
recorded as net revenues over the next several quarters.]
Our revenues derived from online advertising sales, which were not a sizable business of the
Company in 2007, increased to $1.6 million in 2007 from $1.3 million in 2006.
Our revenues derived from brokerage income were $81,000 in 2007, representing 0.3% of total
revenues for the year.
Our business taxes attributable to our gross revenues increased from $209,000 in 2006 to $667,000
in 2007, primarily due to increase in business taxes associated with our increase in subscription
and advertising businesses. After taking into account business taxes attributable to our gross
revenues, our net revenues increased by 265% to $25.9 million in 2007 from $7.1 million in 2006.
Cost of revenues
Our cost of revenues in 2007 increased by 193% to $4.4 million from $1.5 million in 2006 primarily
because [our website maintenance and development expenses increased to $2.9 million in 2007 from
$943,000 in 2006, which consists of bandwidth costs, salary and compensation, server depreciation
expenses, rent, cost of raw data and content expenses for our jrj.com and stockstar.com websites.]
Gross profit
As a result of the foregoing, our gross profit increased by 277% to $21.5 million in 2007 from $5.7
million in 2006.
Operating expenses
Our operating expenses increased by 166% to $17.0 million in 2007 from $6.4 million in 2006. The
increase in our operating expenses was primarily due to expansion in operating scale, including
headcount, operation locations, associated with the acquisitions of CFO Stockstar and CFO Genius
and Daily Growth Securities, as well as increase in commission and bonus expenses in line with
strong core business results, stock-based compensation expenses and the increase in professional
service fees as a result of being a U.S. listed public company. Operating expenses as
64
a percentage of net revenues decreased to 65.5% in 2007 from 89.3% in 2005 because our net revenues
grew at a faster rate than the rate of increase in our operating expenses.
General and administrative. Our general and administrative expenses increased by 160% to $7.8
million in 2007 from $3.0 million in 2006 due primarily to an increase in our employee headcount,
an increase in stock-based compensation of $1.8 million primary due to the performance-based
restricted stock awards granted in the third quarter of 2007, the increase in compensation expenses
of $1.0 million, and the increase in professional service fees with the amount of $717,000. Our
general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 30.1% in 2007 from
41.5% in 2006.
Product development. Our product development expenses increased by 210% to $2.3 million in 2007
from $743,000 in 2006 due primarily to increase in headcount, particularly through the acquisition
of CFO Genius. Our product development expenses decreased as a percentage of net revenues to 8.8%
in 2007 from 10.4% in 2006.
Sales and marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses increased by 156% to $6.9 million in 2007
from $2.7 million in 2006. This primarily due to an increase in compensation expenses, particularly
commissions and bonus, to our sales and marketing personal by 336% to $4.9 million in 2007 from
$1.1 million in 2006. Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of net revenues decreased to
26.7% in 2007 from 37.4% in 2006.
Income/(Loss) from operations
Our income from operations was $4.6 million compared to operating loss of $704,000 in 2006, and our
operating margin improved to 17.9% in 2007 from -9.9% in 2006.
Interest income
Our interest income increased by 10% to $1.1 million in 2007 from $1.0 million in 2006 due to an
increase in our cash balances derived primarily from the increase in our subscription fees in 2007.
Loss from impairment of cost method investment
In December 2005, we purchased 9,800,000 Series B preferred shares in Moloon International Inc.
(Moloon) for $15,000,000, which represents a 25% interest in Moloon on an if-converted basis. We
do not exert significant influence over the operating and financial activities of Moloon, and
accordingly, the investment has been recorded as a cost method investment.
Moloon is a Chinese wireless technology and service provider. During the second half of 2006, China
Mobile Communication Corporation announced policy changes which, among others, required mobile
value added service, or MVAS, providers to extend free trial periods for customers prior to
subscriptions and to send reminders to customers confirming new and existing subscriptions. These
policy changes had a substantial negative impact on Moloons MVAS business. Consequently,
following an independent valuation, we determined that its investment in Moloon was impaired and
recorded an impairment loss of $1,322,000 in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations
for 2006.
Since late 2006 Moloon has taken measures to become a leading provider of mobile gaming services in
China. However, despite the new strategies Moloons financial conditions deteriorated and,
following an independent valuation of the our cost method investment in Moloon, it was determined
that we should record a non-cash investment impairment of $11,127,000 in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations for 2007, reducing the carrying balance of such investment
from $12.61 million to $1.48 million, 88% off the book value.
65
The Company does not expect the impairment charge against its investment in Moloon, or disposal of
this investment in the future if possible, to have any adverse impact on its core business.
Income tax benefit
Our wholly owned subsidiary, CFO Beijing, enjoys preferential tax treatments in China, including
exemption from enterprise income tax for 2003 and 2004 and a preferential enterprise income tax
rate of 12% from 2005 to 2007. CFO Software enjoys preferential tax treatments in China, including
exemption from enterprise income tax from 2005 to 2007. CFO Meining, CFO Stockstar and CFO
Zhengning, which are wholly foreign owned enterprise registered in Shanghai enjoy preferential tax
treatment, preferential enterprise income tax rate of 15%. CFO Genius and CFO Jujin, which are
wholly foreign owned enterprise registered in Shenzhen enjoy preferential tax treatment and a
preferential enterprise income tax rate of 15%. [In addition, deferred tax assets and liabilities
are recognized for expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial
reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and tax credit carryforwards. ] Accordingly we
recognized an income tax benefit of $809,000 for 2007.
Net income/(loss)
As a result of the $12.61 million non-cash impairment in Moloon, our net loss was $4.1 million in
2007 compared to net loss $600,000 in 2006, and our net margin decreased to -15.9% in 2007
from-8.4% in 2006.
Year ended December 31, 2006 compared to year ended December 31, 2005
Revenues
Our gross revenues decreased by 3.9% from $7.6 million in 2005 to $7.3 million in 2006. The slight
decrease is because more revenue was deferred in 2006 than that in 2005, which results in slightly
less revenue recognized in 2006 than that of 2005. A large part of net operating cash will be
realized as revenue in 2007. For our subscription business, individual customers pay the entire
subscription fee upfront in cash for services to be received over a specified period of time,
typically 12 months. Such subscription fees are recognized as net revenues ratably over the
service period, and those that have not been rendered at the end of a reporting period are recorded
as deferred revenue in the balance sheet. Deferred revenue at the end of 2006 is $6.4 million, an
increase of 245% compared $1.9 million of 2005, The significant increase in deferred revenue as of
31 December 2006 is due to our strong performance in the subscription business and such increase in
deferred revenue will be recorded as net revenues over the next several quarters.
Our revenues derived from online advertising sales increased to $1.3 million in 2006 from $1.0
million in 2005. This increase primarily resulted from the fact that online advertising was no
longer a core service line in 2006 nor will it be in the foreseeable future. In 2006 we allocated
most of our advertising space on our websites to promote our own subscription-based online service
offerings.
Our business taxes attributable to our gross revenues increased from $145,000 in 2005 to $209,000
in 2006, primarily due to increase in business taxes associated with our increase in advertising
and related businesses. After taking into account business taxes attributable to our gross
revenues, our net revenues decreased by 5% to $7.1 million in 2006 from $7.5 million in 2005.
Cost of revenues
66
Our cost of revenues in 2006 increased by 204.6% to $1.5 million from $482,000 in 2005 primarily
because our cost of raw data increased by 177% to $694,000 in 2006 from $251,000 in 2005, as we
increased the number of our content and data providers to increase the amount of data and
information available to our subscribers and users.
Gross profit
As a result of the foregoing, our gross profit decreased by 19% to $5.7 million in 2006 from $7.0
million in 2005.
Operating expenses
Our operating expenses increased by 68.4% to $6.4 million in 2006 from $3.8 million in 2005. The
increase in our operating expenses was primarily the result of expansion in operating scale
associated with the acquisitions of CFO Stockstar and CFO Genius, as well as increase in
compensation expenses as a result of increased sales force and product development headcounts in
the fourth quarter of 2006. Operating expenses as a percentage of net revenues increased to 89.3%
in 2006 from 50.4% in 2005 because our operating expenses grew at a faster rate than the rate of
increase in our net revenues.
General and administrative. Our general and administrative expenses increased by 74.1% to $3.0
million in 2006 from $1.7 million in 2005 due primarily to an increase in our employee headcount,
which resulted in an increase in salary and compensation expenses of $242,000, professional service
with the amount of $351,000, an increase in stock-based compensation of $461,000 as the result of
adopting SFAS 123(R), as well as an increase in bank charges for online payments made by some of
our subscribers in the amount of $49,000, other office expenses decreased $59,000, partially offset
by reductions in other general office expenses. Our general and administrative expenses as a
percentage of net revenues increased to 41.5% in 2006 from 23.3% in 2005.
Product development. Our product development expenses increased by 214.8% to $743,000 in 2006 from
$236,000 in 2005 due primarily to increase in employee salaries. Our product development expenses
increased as a percentage of net revenues to 10.4% in 2006 from 3.2% in 2005.
Sales and marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses increased by 50% to $2.7 million in 2006 from
$1.8 million in 2005. This increase is largely attributable to an increase in our advertising
expenditures and an increase in our customer service and sales personnel to address increased
subscription demand. Our marketing fee increased substantially to $101,000 in 2006 from Nil in
2005, primarily reflecting increases in our sponsorship arrangements with portals, search engines
and other websites and, to a lesser extent, an increase in the advertising fee we pay to one of our
sponsors. Salary and compensation expenses attributable to our sales and marketing personnel
increased by 375% to $1.1 million in 2006 from $240,000 in 2005 reflecting an increase in
headcount. Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of net revenues increased to 37.4% in
2006 from 24.0% in 2005. This increased cost is primarily due to higher sales and marketing
expenses associated with our expanded advertising efforts, the increase of customer support
headcount, and decreases in the number of new subscribers from 2005 to 2006.
Income/(Loss) from operations
As a result of the foregoing, we suffered losses from operations of $704,000 in 2006, a decrease by
122% compared to income from operations of $3.2 million in 2005, and our operating margin decreased
to -9.9% in 2006 from 43.2% in 2005.
Interest income
67
Our interest income decreased by 33.3% to $1.0 million in 2006 from $1.5 million in 2005 due to a
significant decrease in our cash balances derived primarily from the acquisition of CFO Stockstar
and CFO Genius in 2006.
Loss from impairment of cost method investment
In December 2005, we purchased 9,800,000 Series B preferred shares in Moloon International Inc.
(Moloon) for $15,000,000, which represents a 25% interest in Moloon on an if-converted basis. We
do not exert significant influence over the operating and financial activities of Moloon, and
accordingly, the investment has been recorded as a cost method investment.
Moloon is a Chinese wireless technology and service provider. During the second half of 2006,
China Mobile Communication Corporation announced policy changes which, among others, required
mobile value added service, or MVAS, providers to extend free trial periods for customers prior to
subscriptions and to send reminders to customers confirming new and existing subscriptions. These
policy changes had a substantial negative impact on Moloons MVAS business. Consequently,
following an independent valuation, we determined that its investment in Moloon was impaired and
recorded an impairment loss of $1,322,000 in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations
for 2006.
Income tax benefit
Our wholly owned subsidiary, CFO Beijing, enjoys preferential tax treatments in China, including
exemption from enterprise income tax for 2003 and 2004 and a preferential enterprise income tax
rate of 12% from 2005 to 2007. CFO Software, enjoys preferential tax treatments in China, including
exemption from enterprise income tax from 2005 to 2007 and a preferential enterprise income tax
rate of 7.5% from 2008 to 2010. CFO Meining and CFO Stockstar enjoy preferential tax treatment,
preferential enterprise income tax rate of 15%. CFO Genius enjoys preferential tax treatment and a
preferential enterprise income tax rate of 15%. Accordingly we recognized an income tax benefit of
$41,000 for 2006.
Net income/(loss)
As a result of the foregoing, our net income decreased by 113% to $600,000 in net loss in 2006 from
$4.6 million in 2005. Our net margin decreased to -8.4% in 2006 from 61.8% in 2005.
B. Liquidity and capital resources.
Cash flows and working capital
As of December 31, 2007, we had approximately $74.7 million in cash and cash equivalents. As of the
same date, we did not have any outstanding debt. Our cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of
cash on hand and liquid investments with remaining maturities of three months or less when
purchased that are deposited with banks and other financial institutions. We generally deposit our
excess cash in interest bearing bank accounts.
The following table shows our cash flows with respect to operating activities, investing activities
and financing activities in 2005, 2006 and 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31 |
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
$ |
3,059 |
|
|
$ |
5,892 |
|
|
$ |
28,426 |
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(15,235 |
) |
|
|
(8,202 |
) |
|
|
(4,830 |
) |
68
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31 |
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
|
|
(12,923 |
) |
|
|
(76 |
) |
|
|
3,226 |
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
(24,428 |
) |
|
|
(1,213 |
) |
|
|
29,773 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
|
|
70,596 |
|
|
|
46,168 |
|
|
|
44,956 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
|
$ |
46,168 |
|
|
$ |
44,956 |
|
|
$ |
74,729 |
|
Net cash provided by operating activities was $28.4 million in 2007 compared to $5.9 million in
2006. This increase was primarily due to significant increase in cash revenues generated from our
subscription service fees from individual customers. Net cash provided by operating activities was
$5.9 million in 2006 compared to $3.1 million for 2005.
Net cash used in investing activities and the acquisition of Daily Growth Securities, was $4.8
million in 2007, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $8.2 million in 2006.
Net cash provided in financing activities was $3.2 million, mainly due to the proceeds from
exercise of stock options by our employees and consultants. Net cash used by financing activities
in 2006 was $76,000. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings for
use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends
on our ordinary shares, or indirectly on our ADSs, for the foreseeable future.
Capital resources
Our principal capital expenditures for 2005, 2006 and 2007 consisted of primarily purchases of
servers, workstations, computers, computer software, and other items related to our network
infrastructure for a total of approximately $235,000, $1.0 million and $3.8 million, respectively.
Capital expenditures in 2006 and 2007 have been, and our 2008 capital expenditures are expected to
continue to be, funded through operating cash flows and through our existing capital resources. We
believe that our current cash and cash equivalents, and cash flow from operations will be
sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs, including for our working capital and capital
expenditure needs, for the foreseeable future. We may, however, require additional cash resources
due to changes in business conditions or other future developments. If these sources are
insufficient to satisfy our cash requirements, we may seek to sell debt securities or additional
equity securities or obtain a credit facility. The sale of convertible debt securities or
additional equity securities could result in additional dilution to our shareholders. The
incurrence of indebtedness would result in debt service obligations and could result in operating
and financial covenants that would restrict our operations. We cannot assure you that financing
will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.
From time to time, we also evaluate possible investments, acquisitions or divestments and may, if a
suitable opportunity arises, make an investment or acquisition or conduct a divestment.
Restricted net assets
Relevant PRC laws and regulations permit payments of dividends by our PRC subsidiary and affiliate
only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting
standards and regulations. In addition, the statutory general reserve fund, which requires annual
appropriations of 10% of net after-tax income should be set aside prior to payment of any
dividends. As a result of these and other restrictions under PRC laws and regulations, our PRC
subsidiary and affiliate are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets
to us either in the form of dividends, loans or advances, restricted portion amounted to
approximately $46 million, or 67.9%, of our total consolidated net assets as of December 31, 2007.
69
Even though we currently do not require any such dividends, loans or advances from our PRC
subsidiary and affiliate, we may in the future require additional cash resources from our PRC
subsidiary and affiliate due to changes in business conditions, to fund future acquisitions or
developments, or merely to declare and pay dividends or distributions to our shareholders, although
we currently have no intention to do so.
C. Research and development.
Our research and development efforts consist of continuing to:
|
|
|
increase the breadth of our service offerings through the addition of new features and
functions to our service packages; |
|
|
|
|
enhance our subscribers experience by improving the quality of our research tools and
website; and |
|
|
|
|
develop additional research tools, features and content specifically targeting the
high-end subscribers. |
D. Trend information.
Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we are not aware of any trends,
uncertainties, demands, commitments or events for the period from January 1, 2007 to December 31,
2007 that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our net revenues, income,
profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that caused the disclosed financial information
to be not necessarily indicative of future operating results or financial conditions.
E. Off-balance sheet arrangements.
We do not have any outstanding derivative financial instruments, off-balance sheet guarantees,
interest rate swap transactions or foreign currency forward contracts. We do not engage in trading
activities involving non-exchange traded contracts.
F. Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations.
We have entered into arrangements relating to office premises leasing and data purchase agreement.
The following sets forth our known contractual obligations as of December 31, 2007 and as of the
types that are specified below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office Premises |
|
Data Purchase |
|
Total |
|
|
(in U.S. dollars) |
Less than 1 year |
|
|
1,521,127 |
|
|
|
486,673 |
|
|
|
2,007,800 |
|
1 3 years |
|
|
2,845,844 |
|
|
|
21,934 |
|
|
|
2,867,778 |
|
3 5 years |
|
|
22,128 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,128 |
|
Apart from such premises, as of December 31, 2007, we did not have any long-term debt obligations,
capital (finance) lease obligations, purchase obligations or any other long-term liabilities
reflected on our balance sheets with durations to maturity as are set forth in the chart directly
above.
G.
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk.
70
Interest rate risk
Our exposure to market rate risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to the interest
income generated by excess cash invested in short term money market accounts and certificates of
deposit. We have not used derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio. Interest
earning instruments carry a degree of interest rate risk. We have not been exposed nor do we
anticipate being exposed to material risks due to changes in interest rates. However, our future
interest income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates.
Foreign currency risk
Substantially all our revenues and expenses are denominated in Renminbi and a substantial portion
of our cash is kept in Renminbi, but as noted above, a portion of our cash is also kept in U.S.
dollars. Although we believe that, in general, our exposure to foreign exchange risks should be
limited, the value of our American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, will be affected by the foreign
exchange rate between U.S. dollars and Renminbi. For example, to the extent that we need to convert
U.S. dollars into Renminbi for our operational needs and the Renminbi appreciates against the U.S.
dollar at that time, our financial position and the price of our ADSs may be adversely affected.
Conversely, if we decide to convert our Renminbi into U.S. dollars for the purpose of declaring
dividends on our ADSs or otherwise and the U.S. dollar appreciates against the Renminbi, the U.S.
dollar equivalent of our earnings from our subsidiaries and controlled entities in China would be
reduced.
We have recorded foreign exchange gains of $424,000 in net income in year 2007, due to the recent
revaluation of RMB against the U.S. dollar by Chinese government. On July 21, 2005, the Chinese
government changed its policy of pegging the value of the Renminbi to that of U.S. dollar. Under
the new policy, the Renminbi has fluctuated within a narrow and managed band against a basket of
certain foreign currencies. As a result, the Renminbi appreciated approximately 3.4% and 6.6%
against the U.S. dollar in 2006 and 2007, respectively, and may appreciate or depreciate
significantly in value against the US dollar or other foreign currencies in the long term. Since
we have not engaged in any hedging activities, we may experience economic loss as a result of any
foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
H. Recent accounting standards.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets an amendment of
APB Opinion No. 29, which amends Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 29, Accounting for
Nonmonetary Transactions, to eliminate the exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar
productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that
do not have commercial substance. The Company adopted SFAS No. 153 on January 1, 2006 and the
adoption of SFAS No. 153 did not have a material effect on its consolidated financial position or
results of operations.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, which
replaces Accounting Principles Board Opinions No. 20 Accounting Changes and SFAS No. 3,
Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements An Amendment of APB Opinion No.
28. SFAS No. 154 provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting changes and
error corrections. It establishes retrospective application, or the latest practicable date, as
the required method for reporting a change in accounting principle and the reporting of a
correction of an error. The Company adopted SFAS No. 154 on January 1, 2006 and the adoption of
SFAS No. 154 did not have a material effect on its consolidated financial position or results of
operations.
In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes -
an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48). FIN 48 clarifies the
71
accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entitys financial statements in
accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, and prescribes a recognition threshold
and measurement attribute for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to
be taken on a tax return. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance on derecognition, classification,
interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is in the process of
implementing FIN 48 and has not yet determined the effect, if any, on its consolidated financial
statements as a result of adopting FIN 48.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements which provides enhanced
guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 also responds to
investors requests for expanded information about the extent to which companies measure assets and
liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value
measurements on earnings. SFAS No. 157 applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets
or liabilities to be measured at fair value. SFAS No. 157 does not expand the use of fair value in
any new circumstances. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007 (fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for all
nonrecurring fair value measurements of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities)and
interim periods within those fiscal years. The Group is currently evaluating whether the adoption
of SFAS No. 157 will have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and
Financial Liabilities, Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115. SFAS No. 159 provides
companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. SFAS
No. 159 requires companies to provide additional information that will help investors and other
users of financial statements to more easily understand the effect of the Groups choice to use
fair value on its earnings. It also requires entities to display the fair value of those assets
and liabilities for which a Group has chosen to use fair value on the face of the balance sheet.
SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning of an entitys first fiscal year beginning after
November 15, 2007. The Group is currently evaluating whether the adoption of SFAS No. 159 will
have a significant effect on its consolidated results of operations and financial position.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, Business Combination, to improve reporting
creating greater consistency in the accounting and financial reporting of business combinations.
The standard requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all (and only)
the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction; establishes the acquisition-date
fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed; and
requires the acquirer to disclose to investors and other users all of the information they need to
evaluate and understand the nature and financial effect of the business combination. SFAS No. 141R
applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the
beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity
may not apply it before that date. The Group is currently evaluating whether the adoption of SFAS
No. 141R will have a significant effect on its consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial
Statements to improves the relevance, comparability, and transparency of financial information
provided to investors by requiring all entities to report noncontrolling (minority) interests in
subsidiaries in the same way as required in the consolidated financial statements. Moreover, SFAS
No. 160 eliminates the diversify that currently exists in accounting for transactions between an
entity and noncontrolling interests by requiring they be treated as equity transaction. SFAS No.
160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or
after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. The Group is
72
currently evaluating whether the adoption of SFAS No. 160 will have a significant effect on its
consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In March 2008, The FASB issued FASB Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments
and Hedging Activities. The new standard is intended to improve financial reporting about
derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors
to better understand their effects on an entitys financial position, financial performance, and
cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods
beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Group has not yet begun
the process of assessing the potential impact of the adoption of FASB No. 161 may have on its
consolidated financial position or results of operations.
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. Directors and senior management.
The following table sets forth the name, age and position of each director and executive officer of
our company as of March 31, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Age |
|
Position |
Zhiwei Zhao
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors |
Hugo Shong
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
Chairman of the Board of Directors |
Kheng Nam Lee(1)
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
Director |
Ling Wang(1)(2)(3)
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
Director |
Fansheng Guo(1)(2)(3)
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
Director |
Jun (Jeff) Wang
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
Caogang Li
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
Chief Operating Officer |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Member, audit committee |
|
(2) |
|
Member, compensation committee |
|
(3) |
|
Member, nominations committee |
The address of each of our executive officers and directors is 9th Floor of Tower C, Corporate
Square, No. 35 Financial Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China 100032.
Dr. Caogang Li, who used to be the Companys Vice President of Sales and Marketing since August
2005, was named Chief Operating Officer with effect from March 3, 2008.
Biographical Information
Hugo Shong has served as our director since May 2004. He was elected as the Chairman of our Board
of Directors as of July 25, 2005 and has been in that position since then. Mr. Shong has been an
executive vice president of International Data Group, Inc., or IDG, since 2001, the president of
IDG Asia since 1995, a director of IDG Technology Venture Investment, Inc., or IDGVC Partners,
since 1994, and a member of IDG Technology Venture Investments, LLC, the general partner of IDG
Technology Venture Investments, LP, since 2000. Mr. Shong has headed a number of operations for IDG
including in information technology, publishing, market research and tradeshows in the Asia Pacific
region. Mr. Shong graduated from Hunan University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English,
followed by a Master of Science degree from the Boston University College of Communications.
Zhiwei Zhao has served as our Chief Executive Officer since June 21, 2005 and our director since
July 25, 2005. Mr. Zhao was the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Abitcool Inc before joining
us. Abitcool is a company that provides broadband internet services in China. It boasts the largest
private Internet Data Center in China. From 1998 to 2005, he served as the General
73
Manager of Huatong International Development Limited in Hong Kong. Mr. Zhao graduated with a
Bachelor of Science degree from Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Kheng Nam Lee has served as our director since May 2004. Mr. Lee was the president of Vertex
Management (II) Pte Ltd, a management company for a venture capital fund, from March 1995 to
February 2004 and was also a director of Vertex Venture Holdings Ltd., both of which are affiliates
of Vertex Technology Fund (III) Ltd. Mr. Lee is a director of Creative Technology Ltd and has
served as a director of ActivCard Corp, Centillium Communications Inc., Creative Lab Inc., GRIC
Communications Inc., Gemplus International SA and Semiconductor Manufacturing International
Corporation. Mr. Lee holds a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering, with first class
honors, from Queens University, Canada and a Master of Science degree in operations research and
systems analysis from the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School.
Ling Wang has served as our director since May 2004. Mr. Wang is the chairman and chief executive
officer of GCTech Company Limited, a company that provides systems integration and software
development services to the telecommunications industry, which he founded in 1994. Since 2003, he
has been a director of Tiantian Online Co., Ltd., a provider of broadband Internet audio-visual
programs (or Internet TV) in the PRC. Mr. Wang graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in
Mathematics from the University of Science and Technology of China, and also has a Master of
Science degree in automation control from the Beijing Institute of Information Control.
Fansheng Guo has served as our director since May 2004. Mr. Guo is the chairman, chief executive
officer and president of HC International, Inc., a Hong Kong listed company that provides business
information services in the PRC, which he founded in 1990. Mr. Guo obtained a Bachelor of Arts
degree in Industrial Economics from Renmin University of China.
Jun (Jeff) Wang has served as our Chief Financial Officer since August 15, 2006, and joined our
company as Vice President of Finance in May 2006. Mr. Wang was a Senior Manager in the Tax and
Business Advisory Services at Deloitte Beijing Office before joining us. From 2002 to 2005 Jun Wang
was founder and president of Miracle Professional Services Inc., a company that provided training
and consulting services to finance professionals. Prior to that Mr. Wang worked in Deloittes
Beijing, London and New York offices, providing tax and business advisory and management consulting
services. Mr. Wang obtained his Master of Business Administration from New York Universitys
Leonard N. Stern School of Business, his Master of Economics in accounting from Beijing Technology
and Business University and his B.A. degree from Shandong University. Mr. Wang is a CFA
charterholder, and a Certified Management Accountant.
Dr. Caogang Li has served as the companys Chief Operating Officer since March 3, 2008, and joined
our company as Vice President of Sales and Marketing in August 2005. Before joining us, Dr. Li was
the corporate vice president of China Asset Management Co., Ltd., the largest mutual fund
management firm in China in terms of asset under management. Prior to that, Dr. Li was in charge of
the brokerage business at China Securities Ltd., which, now merged with CITIC Securities, was one
of the leading securities firms in China. Dr. Li holds an MBA from University of Missouri, a Ph. D.
in Management and a Masters degree in Economics from Nanjing University.
B. Compensation of directors and executive officers.
In 2007, we paid aggregate cash compensation of approximately $401,410 to our directors and
executive officers as a group. In 2007, we granted to selected
directors and officers to acquire 2,200,000 and 10,558,493 ordinary
shares under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan and the performance based
2007 Equity Incentive Plan, respectively. We have no service contracts with any of our directors or
executive officers that provide benefits to them upon termination, except for change in control
agreements we entered into with each of our executive officers. The change in control agreements
provide that if after a change-of-control of our company has occurred, the executive is terminated
74
without cause or resigns for good reason, we are obligated to provide severance benefits to that
executive.
All of our current directors and executive officers have entered into indemnification agreements
in which we agree to indemnify, to the fullest extent allowed by Hong Kong law, our charter
documents or other applicable law, our directors and executive officers from any liability or
expenses, unless the liability or expense arises from the director or executive officers own
willful negligence, intentional malfeasance, bad faith act, or other transactions from which the
director or executive officer may not be relieved of liability under applicable law. The
indemnification agreements also specify the procedures to be followed with respect to
indemnification.
Directors and officers liability insurance
We have renewed directors and officers liability insurance on behalf of our directors and
officers that will expire in January 2009.
Employees stock option plan
We adopted the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, or the Plan, in January 2004. The Plan is intended to
promote our success and to increase shareholder value by providing an additional means to attract,
motivate, retain and reward selected directors, officers, employees and other eligible persons. An
aggregate of 5,688,488 ordinary shares were reserved for issuance under the Plan in January 2004.
We amended the Plan in September 2004 to increase the total number of ordinary shares issuable
under the Plan by 5,000,000. We granted options under the Plan with the right to purchase up to
5,688,488 ordinary shares (including 90,000 options to eligible individual consultants and
advisors) in 2004, of which 623,000 unvested options had been returned to the pool of our ungranted
options as a result of resignation from employment by a few former employees as of March 31,2008.
In 2005, we granted to selected directors, officers, employees, individual consultants and advisors
under the Plan options with the right to purchase up to 5,003,000 ordinary shares, of which
899,640 unvested options had been returned to the pool of our ungranted options as a result of
resignation from employment by a few former employees. In July 2006, we granted options to purchase
up to 7,000,000 ordinary shares to selected officers under the Plan. We amended the Plan again in
September 2006 to increase the total number of ordinary shares reserved for issuance under the
Plan to 15,688,488. In 2007, we granted to selected directors, officers, employees, individual
consultants and advisors under the Plan options with the right to purchase up to 3,848,000 ordinary
shares, of which 40,560 unvested options had been returned to the pool of our ungranted options as
a result of resignation from employment by a few former employees. As of March 31, 2008 we may
grant options to purchase up to an additional 2,012,200 ordinary shares under the Plan.
The options we granted in January and February of 2004 have an exercise price of $0.16 per share
and will expire on March 5, 2009. The options we granted in June 2004 have an exercise price of
$1.04 per share and will expire on March 5, 2009. The options we granted in February 2005 have an
exercise price of $1.31 per share and will expire on February 18, 2015. The exercise price for the
400,000 and 200,000 options we granted in November 2005 were $1.12 and $1.16 per share
respectively. The 700,000 options we granted in July 2006 have an exercise prices of $1.07 per
share and will expire on July 4, 2016.The 3,272,000 options we granted in January 2007 under the
Plan have an exercise price of $0.96 per share and will expire on January 17, 2017. The 100,000 and
150,000 options we granted in April and May, 2007 have exercise prices of $1.25 and $1.318 per
share respectively, and will expire on April 4, 2017 and May 9, 2017 respectively. The 323,000 and
3,000 options we granted in August and September 2007 have exercise prices of $2.03 and 2.188 per
share, respectively, and will expire on August 26, 2017 and September 3, 2017 respectively.
75
Options granted under the Plan generally do not vest unless the grantee remains under our
employment or in service with us on the given vesting date. However, in circumstances where there
is a death or disability of the grantee, or a change in the control of our company, the vesting of
options will be accelerated to permit immediate exercise of all options granted to a grantee.
Generally, to the extent an outstanding option granted under the Plan has not vested by the date
the grantees employment or service with us terminates, the option will terminate and become
unexercisable. Our board of directors may amend, alter, suspend, or terminate the Plan at any time,
provided, however, that our board of directors must first seek the approval of our shareholders
and, if such amendment, alteration, suspension or termination would adversely affect the rights of
an optionee under any option granted prior to that date, the approval of such optionee. Under the
Plan, as of March 31, 2008, we have a total number of 7,294,388 options that are currently vested
and exercisable for ordinary shares.
The table below sets forth the option grants made to our directors and executive officers pursuant
to the Plan:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ordinary Shares to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
be issued upon |
|
Exercise price per |
|
|
|
|
|
|
exercise of options |
|
ordinary share |
|
Date of grant |
|
Date of expiration |
Zhiwei Zhao |
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.120 |
|
|
November 15, 2005 |
|
November 15, 2015 |
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.070 |
|
|
July 5, 2006 |
|
July 5, 2016 |
|
|
|
800,000 |
|
|
$ |
0.960 |
|
|
January 18, 2007 |
|
January 17, 2017 |
Hugo Shong |
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.160 |
|
|
January 5, 2004 |
|
March 5, 2009 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.040 |
|
|
June 15, 2004 |
|
March 5, 2009 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.314 |
|
|
February 18, 2005 |
|
February 18, 2015 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.960 |
|
|
January 18, 2007 |
|
January 17, 2017 |
Kheng Nam Lee |
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.160 |
|
|
February 18, 2004 |
|
March 5, 2009 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.040 |
|
|
June 15, 2004 |
|
March 5, 2009 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.314 |
|
|
February 18, 2005 |
|
February 18, 2015 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.960 |
|
|
January 18, 2007 |
|
January 17, 2017 |
Fansheng Guo |
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.160 |
|
|
January 5, 2004 |
|
March 5, 2009 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.040 |
|
|
June 15, 2004 |
|
March 5, 2009 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.314 |
|
|
February 18, 2005 |
|
February 18, 2015 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.960 |
|
|
January 18, 2007 |
|
January 17, 2017 |
Ling Wang |
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.160 |
|
|
January 5, 2004 |
|
March 5, 2009 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.040 |
|
|
June 15, 2004 |
|
March 5, 2009 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.314 |
|
|
February 18, 2005 |
|
February 18, 2015 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.960 |
|
|
January 18, 2007 |
|
January 17, 2017 |
Jun (Jeff) Wang |
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.070 |
|
|
July 5, 2006 |
|
July 5, 2016 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.960 |
|
|
January 18, 2007 |
|
January 17, 2017 |
Caogang Li |
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
1.158 |
|
|
November 30, 2005 |
|
November 30, 2015 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
$ |
0.96 |
|
|
January 18, 2007 |
|
January 17, 2017 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Upon exercise of all options granted, would beneficially own less than
1% of our outstanding ordinary shares. |
Equity Incentive Plan
On July 2, 2007, we granted restricted stock awards covering 10,558,493 ordinary shares of the
company under our 2007 Equity Incentive Plan to our employees who are eligible for the 2007 Equity
Incentive Plan. The vesting of the restrictive stock are subject to us achieving certain financial
performance targets stated in the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan. In order to bind the employees
together in achieving the common goal, the ordinary shares are held by C&F International Holdings
Limited for the benefit whole group of eligible employees. Pursuant to the 2007 Equity Incentive
Plan and the restricted stock issuance and allocation agreement effective as of July, 2, 2007, we
issued 10,558,493 ordinary shares to C&F International Holdings Limited, a
76
company incorporated in British Virgin Islands, which holds the ordinary shares on behalf of and
exclusively for the benefit of the group of employees eligible for the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan.
C&F International Holdings Limited is 100% owned by C&F Global Limited, a British Virgin Islands
Company, which is in turn owned by the grantees. As of December 31, 2007, 10,558,493 ordinary
shares have been issued and allotted to selected employees pursuant to the 2007 Equity Incentive
Plan.
The table below sets forth the restricted shares issued and allotted to selected employees pursuant
to the Plan:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Number |
|
Percent |
Selected Employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zhiwei Zhao |
|
|
8,958,493 |
|
|
|
8.16 |
% |
Jun (Jeff) Wang |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Caogang Li |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
All executive officers as a group (3 persons) |
|
|
10,558,493 |
|
|
|
9.62 |
% |
C. Board practices.
In 2007, our directors met in person or passed resolutions by unanimous written consent eight
times. No director attended fewer than 75% of all the meetings of our board and its committees on
which he served after becoming a member of our board. No director is entitled to any severance
benefits upon termination of his directorship with us. Our board of directors has also concluded
that Mr. Kheng Nam Lee meets the criteria for an audit committee financial expert as established
by the SEC.
Board committees
Our board of directors has established an audit committee, a compensation committee and a
nominations committee.
Audit committee. Our audit committee currently consists of Kheng Nam Lee, Ling Wang and Fansheng
Guo. Our board of directors has determined that all of our audit committee members are independent
directors within the meaning of Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4200(a)(15) and meet the criteria for
independence set forth in Section 10A(m)(3) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the
Exchange Act. Our audit committee is responsible for, among other things:
|
|
|
recommending to our shareholders, if appropriate, the annual re-appointment of our
independent registered public accounting firm and pre-approving all auditing and
non-auditing service fees permitted to be performed by the independent registered public
accounting firm; |
|
|
|
|
annually reviewing an independent registered public accounting firms report describing
the independent registered public accounting firms internal quality-control procedures,
any material issues raised by the most recent internal quality control review, or peer
review, of the independent registered public accounting firm and all relationships between
the independent registered public accounting firm and our company; |
|
|
|
|
setting clear hiring policies for employees or former employees of the independent
registered public accounting firm; |
|
|
|
|
reviewing with the independent registered public accounting firm any audit problems or
difficulties and managements response; |
77
|
|
|
reviewing and approving all proposed related-party transactions, as defined in Item 404
of Regulation S-K under the U.S. securities laws; |
|
|
|
|
discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent
registered public accounting firm; |
|
|
|
|
discussing with management and the independent registered public accounting firm major
issues regarding accounting principles and financial statement presentations; reviewing
reports prepared by management or the independent auditors relating to significant
financial reporting issues and judgments; |
|
|
|
|
reviewing reports prepared by management or the independent registered public
accounting firm relating to significant financial reporting issues and judgments; |
|
|
|
|
discussing earnings press releases, as well as financial information and earnings
guidance provided to analysts and rating agencies; |
|
|
|
|
reviewing with management and the independent registered public accounting firm the
effect of regulatory and accounting initiatives, as well as off-balance sheet structures
on our financial statements; |
|
|
|
|
discussing policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management; |
|
|
|
|
reviewing major issues as to the adequacy of our internal controls and any special
audit steps adopted in light of material control deficiencies; |
|
|
|
|
timely reviewing annual reports from the independent registered public accounting firm
regarding all critical accounting policies and practices to be adopted by our company, all
alternative treatments of financial information within U.S. GAAP that have been discussed
with management and all other material written communications between the independent
registered public accounting firm and management; |
|
|
|
|
establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received
from our employees regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters
and the confidential, anonymous submission by our employees of concerns regarding
questionable accounting or auditing matters; |
|
|
|
|
annually reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter; |
|
|
|
|
such other matters that are specifically delegated to our audit committee by our board
of directors from time to time; |
|
|
|
|
meeting separately, periodically, with management and the independent registered public
accounting firm; and |
|
|
|
|
reporting regularly to the full board of directors. |
Compensation committee. Our current compensation committee consists of Ling Wang and Fansheng Guo.
Our board of directors has determined that all of our compensation committee members are
independent directors within the meaning of Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4200(a)(15). Our compensation
committee is responsible for:
|
|
|
determining and recommending the compensation of our senior management; |
78
|
|
|
reviewing and making recommendations to our board of directors regarding our
compensation policies and forms of compensation provided to our directors and officers; |
|
|
|
|
reviewing and determining bonuses for our officers and other employees; |
|
|
|
|
reviewing and determining stock-based compensation for our directors, officers,
employees and consultants; |
|
|
|
|
administering our equity incentive plans in accordance with the terms thereof; and |
|
|
|
|
such other matters that are specifically delegated to the compensation committee by our
board of directors from time to time. |
Nominations committee. Our current nominations committee consists of Ling Wang and Fansheng Guo.
Our board of directors has determined that all of our nominations committee members are
independent directors within the meaning of Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 4200(a)(15). Our nominations
committee is responsible for, among other things, selecting and recommending the appointment of new
directors to our board of directors.
Corporate governance
Our board of directors has adopted a code of ethics, which is applicable to our senior executive
and financial officers. In addition, our board of directors has adopted a code of conduct, which is
applicable to all of our directors, officers and employees. Our code of ethics and our code of
conduct are publicly available on our website.
In addition, our board of directors has adopted a set of corporate governance guidelines. The
guidelines reflect certain guiding principles with respect to our boards structure, procedures and
committees. The guidelines are not intended to change or interpret any law, or our memorandum and
articles of association.
Duties of directors
Under Hong Kong law, our directors have a duty of loyalty to act honestly in good faith with a view
to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the care, diligence and skills
that a reasonable person with that directors qualifications and experience would exercise in
comparable circumstances. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure
compliance with our memorandum and articles of association.
The functions and powers of our board of directors include, among others:
|
|
|
convening shareholders meetings and reporting its work to shareholders at such
meetings; |
|
|
|
|
implementing shareholders resolutions; |
|
|
|
|
determining our business plans and investment proposals; |
|
|
|
|
formulating our profit distribution plans and loss recovery plans; |
|
|
|
|
determining our debt and finance policies and recommending proposals for the increase
or decrease in our share capital and the issuance of debentures; |
|
|
|
|
formulating our major acquisition and disposition plans, and plans for consolidation,
division or dissolution; |
79
|
|
|
proposing amendments to our articles of association; and |
|
|
|
|
exercising any other powers conferred at shareholders meetings or under our memorandum
and articles of association. |
Terms of directors and executive officers
We have a staggered board, which means our directors, excluding our chief executive officer, are
divided into two classes, with half of our board, excluding our chief executive officer, standing
for election every two years. Our chief executive officer will at all times be a director, and will
not retire as a director, so long as he remains as the chief executive officer. Accordingly, our
directors, excluding our chief executive officer, hold office until the second annual meeting of
shareholders following their election, or until their successors have been duly elected and
qualified. Our board has adopted a policy providing that no director may be nominated for
re-election or re-appointment to our board after reaching 70 years of age, unless our board
concludes that such persons continued service as our director is in our best interest. Officers
are elected by and serve at the discretion of the board of directors.
D. Employees. Most of our full-time employees are located in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen
and Hong Kong with the remainder in miscellaneous locations.
We believe we maintain a good working relationship with our employees.
China enacted a new Labor Contract Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008. The Company has
updated its employment contracts and employee handbook and is in compliance with the new law. The
Company will work with the employees to insure that the employees obtain the full benefit of the
new Labor Contract Law. The Company does not anticipate that changes in the law will materially
impact the Company balance sheet or cash flow.
E. Share ownership.
As of March 31, 2008, 109,754,433 of our ordinary shares were outstanding, excluding shares
issuable upon exercise of outstanding options. On that date, a total of 15,656,231 of our ADSs were
outstanding.
The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership, within the
meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the
Exchange Act, of our ordinary shares by:
|
|
|
each person known to us to own beneficially more than 5% of our ordinary shares; and |
|
|
|
|
each of our directors and executive officers who beneficially own any of our ordinary shares. |
Beneficial ownership includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. Except as
indicated below, and subject to applicable community property laws, the persons named in the table
have sole voting and investment power with respect to all ordinary shares shown as beneficially
owned by them. Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on 109,754,433 ordinary shares
outstanding.
Number of Shares Beneficially Owned
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Number |
|
Percent |
5% Shareholder |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IDG Technology Venture Investment, Inc.(1) |
|
|
20,580,652 |
|
|
|
18.75 |
% |
IDG Technology Venture Investments, LP (2) |
|
|
6,723,115 |
|
|
|
6.13 |
% |
80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Number |
|
Percent |
Vertex Technology Fund (III) Ltd. (3) |
|
|
11,595,569 |
|
|
|
10.57 |
% |
Jianping Lu (4) |
|
|
7,156,121 |
|
|
|
6.52 |
% |
Ling Zhang (5) |
|
|
8,746,370 |
|
|
|
7.97 |
% |
C&F International Holdings Limited (6) |
|
|
10,558,493 |
|
|
|
9.62 |
% |
Directors and executive officers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hugo Shong |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Kheng Nam Lee |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Ling Wang |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Fansheng Guo |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Zhiwei Zhao |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Jun (Jeff) Wang |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Caogang Li |
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
All current directors and executive officers as
a group (7 persons) |
|
|
2,815,200 |
|
|
|
2.56 |
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
Upon exercise of all options currently exercisable
or vesting within 60 days of the date of this
annual report, would beneficially own less than 1%
of our ordinary shares. |
|
(1) |
|
Includes 20,580,652 ordinary shares held by IDG
Technology Venture Investment, Inc. IDG Technology
Venture Investment, Inc. is the limited partner of
IDG Technology Venture Investments, LP and does not
control IDG Technology Venture Investments, LP. IDG
Technology Venture Investment, Inc., a
Massachusetts corporation, is wholly owned by
International Data Group Inc., a Massachusetts
corporation, which is controlled by Patrick
McGovern, the majority shareholder, founder and
chairman of International Data Group Inc. IDG
Technology Venture Investment, Inc. disclaims
beneficial ownership of all of the ordinary shares
owned by IDG Technology Venture Investments, LP.
The registered address of IDG Technology Venture
Investment, Inc. is 5 Speen Street, Framingham, MA
01701, U.S.A. |
|
(2) |
|
Includes 6,723,115 ordinary shares held by IDG
Technology Venture Investments, LP. The general
partner of IDG Technology Venture Investments, LP
is IDG Technology Venture Investments, LLC. Messrs.
Patrick McGovern and Quan Zhou are managing members
of IDG Technology Venture Investments, LLC, both of
whom disclaim beneficial ownership of our shares
held by IDG Technology Venture Investments, LLC.
IDG Technology Venture Investment, Inc. is a
limited partner of IDG Technology Venture
Investments, LP, and does not control IDG
Technology Venture Investments, LP. IDG Technology
Venture Investments, LP disclaims beneficial
ownership of all of the ordinary shares owned by
IDG Technology Venture Investment, Inc. The
registered address of IDG Technology Venture
Investments, LP is Corporation Service Company,
1013 Centre Road, Wilmington, County of New Castle,
Delaware 19805-1297, U.S.A. |
|
(3) |
|
Includes 11,595,569 ordinary shares held by Vertex
Technology Fund (III) Ltd as of 31 March 2008 in
the form of 2,319,113 ADS and 4 ordinary shares.
Vertex Management (II) Pte Ltd is the fund manager
of Vertex Technology Fund (III) Ltd, and may be
deemed to have power to vote and dispose of the
shares held of record by Vertex Technology Fund
(III) Ltd. Vertex Venture Holdings Ltd, as the sole
shareholder of Vertex Technology Fund (III) Ltd,
and as the sole shareholder of Vickers Capital
Limited, which is the sole shareholder of Vertex
Management (II) Pte Ltd, may also be deemed to have
the power to vote and dispose of these shares. The
address of Vertex Technology Fund (III) Ltd is 51
Cuppage Road, #10-03 Starhub Centre, Singapore
229469. |
|
(4) |
|
Includes (i) 4,028,156 ordinary shares held by Cast
Technology, Inc.; and (ii) 3,127,965 ordinary
shares held by Fanasia Capital Limited. Both Cast
Technology, Inc. and Fanasia Capital Limited are
held 45% and 55% by Jianping Lu and Ling Zhang,
respectively. |
|
(5) |
|
Includes (i)4,923,302 ordinary shares held by Cast
Technology, Inc.; and (ii) 3,823,068 ordinary
shares held by Fanasia |
81
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Limited. Both Cast
Technology, Inc. and Fanasia Capital Limited are
held 45% and 55% by Jianping Lu and Ling Zhang,
respectively. |
|
(6) |
|
Includes 10,558,493 ordinary shares held by C&F
International Holdings Limited, a company
incorporated in British Virgin Islands. C&F
International Holdings Limited holds the ordinary
shares on behalf of and exclusively for the benefit
of the group of employees eligible for the 2007
Equity Incentive Plan. C&F International Holdings
Limited is 100% owned by C&F Global Limited, a
British Virgin Islands Company, which is in turn
owned by the selected employees. |
None of our existing shareholders has voting rights that differ from the voting rights of other
shareholders. We are not aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a
change in control of our company.
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A. Major shareholders.
Please refer to Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees Share Ownership
B. Related party transactions.
CFO Beijing/CFO Fuhua arrangements
In order to comply with PRC regulations, we operate our online business in China through CFO Fuhua,
a company initially wholly owned by Wu Chen, a financial manager at International Data Group China,
Ltd., a PRC company affiliated with IDG Technology Venture Investment Inc., and IDG Technology
Venture Investments, LP, two of our principal shareholders, and Jun Ning, our former chairman and
Chief Executive Officer, who are both PRC citizens. Jun Ning transferred his holdings in CFO Fuhua
to Zhiwei Zhao, a PRC citizen and our current Chief Executive Officer and a member of our board of
directors, on November 30, 2006. Wu Chen transferred his holdings in CFO Fuhua to Jun Wang, a PRC
citizen and our Chief Financial Officer on October 18, 2007. We have entered into a series of
contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua and its shareholders, including contracts relating to the
leasing of equipment, the licensing of our domain name, the provision of services and certain
shareholder rights and corporate governance matters. Upon their receipt of Jun Nings and Wu Chens
holdings in CFO Fuhua, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang replaced Jun Ning and Wu Chen respectively as a
party to each of the contractual arrangements we have entered into with Jun Ning and Wu Chen with
respect to their holdings in CFO Fuhua and the operation of CFO Fuhua.
Each of our contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua and its shareholders may only be amended with
the approval of our audit committee or another independent body of our board of directors. The
following is a summary of the material provisions of these agreements.
Leasing of equipment
Equipment Leasing Agreement, dated May 27, 2004, between CFO Beijing and CFO Fuhua.
CFO Beijing leases to CFO Fuhua equipment necessary for CFO Fuhuas operation and requested by CFO
Fuhua from time to time for a monthly lease payment calculated based on the actual value of the
leased equipment. Without CFO Beijings written consent, CFO Fuhua may not lease any equipment from
any other parties. The term of the lease is ten years, which will be automatically renewed for
another one year term upon the expiration of each term unless CFO Beijing notifies CFO Fuhua of its
intention not to renew 30 days before the relevant term expires.
Provision of services
82
Technical Support Agreement, dated May 27, 2004, between CFO Beijing and CFO Fuhua.
CFO Beijing provides CFO Fuhua with exclusive technical support services for the maintenance of CFO
Fuhuas servers, networks and other equipment, software and systems. CFO Fuhua pays a quarterly
service fee to CFO Beijing which is based on the actual labor cost of CFO Beijing during the
relevant period. In addition, CFO Fuhua reimburses CFO Beijing for out of pocket costs CFO Beijing
incurs in connection with providing the services under this agreement. The term of this agreement
is ten years, which will be automatically renewed for another one year term upon the expiration of
each term unless CFO Beijing notifies CFO Fuhua of its intention not to renew 30 days before the
relevant term expires.
Amended and Restated Strategic Consulting Service Agreement, dated May 27, 2004, between CFO
Beijing and CFO Fuhua.
CFO Beijing provides CFO Fuhua with strategic consulting and related services for CFO Fuhuas
business, including (1) valuation of new products; (2) industry investigation and survey; (3)
marketing and promotion strategies; and (4) other services relating to CFO Fuhuas business,
including its online advertising business. The fee for these services will be calculated quarterly
based on the actual time of services provided by CFO Beijing. The term of this agreement is 20
years, which will be automatically renewed for another one year term upon the expiration of each
term unless CFO Beijing notifies CFO Fuhua of its intention not to renew 30 days before the
relevant term expires.
CFO Software/CFO Glory and CFO Software/CFO Premium arrangements
We have entered into a series of contractual arrangements with CFO Premium and CFO Glory and their
shareholders, including contracts relating to provision of strategic consulting, technical and
operational support services and certain shareholders rights.
Each of our contractual arrangements with CFO Glory or CFO Premium and its shareholders may only be
amended with the approval of our audit committee or another independent body of our board of
directors. The following is a summary of the material provisions of these agreements.
Strategic Consulting Service Agreement, dated August 21, 2007, between CFO Software and CFO
Premium.
CFO Software provides CFO Premium exclusive strategic consulting and related services for CFO
Premiums business, including (1) valuation of new products/services; (2) industry investigation
and survey; (3) marketing and promotion strategies; (4) staff training; and (5) other services
relating to CFO Premiums business. The term of this agreement is 20 years. As consideration for
the foregoing services provided by CFO Software, CFO Premium pays CFO Software annual service fees
in the amount equivalent to 30% of CFO Premiums profit for the respective year, which will be
determined by CFO Software and CFO Premium on quarterly basis in writing and paid by CFO Premium
within three months after the accounting date.
Technical Support Agreement, dated August 21, 2007, between CFO Software and CFO Premium.
CFO Software provides CFO Premium with exclusive technical support services for the maintenance of
CFO Premiums servers, networks and other equipment, software and systems. As consideration for the
foregoing services provided by CFO Software, CFO Premium pays CFO Software annual service fees in
the amount equivalent to 30% of CFO Premiums profit for the respective year, which will be
determined by CFO Software and CFO Premium on quarterly basis in writing and paid by CFO Premium
within three months after the accounting date.
83
Operation Agreement, dated August 21, 2007, between CFO Software and CFO Premium.
CFO Software will, according to operational needs of CFO Premium provide support for the business
operation of CFO Premium, including (1) acting as the guarantor to guarantee CFO Premiums
performance of its obligations under the contracts, agreements or transactions entered into between
CFO Premium and third parties in relation to the business operation of CFO Premium; (2) making
recommendations to CFO Premium individuals to be appointed as directors or senior management
personnel of CFO Premium; and (3) provision of guidance and recommendations on the policy daily
operation, financial management and human resource. Without obtaining the written consent of CFO
Software in advance, CFO Premium shall not engage in any activities that could seriously affect the
assets, rights, obligations or operations of CFO Premium, including without limitation (i)
borrowing loans from a third party or undertake any debt liability; (ii) selling to or receiving
from a third party any assets or rights; and (iii)pledging its own assets to provide guarantees for
a third party. As consideration for the foregoing operation support provided by CFO Software, CFO
Premium will pay CFO Software annual service fees in the amount equivalent to 40% of CFO Premiums
profit for the respective year, which will be determined by CFO Software and CFO Premium on
quarterly basis in writing and paid by CFO Premium within three months after the accounting date.
CFO Premium shall not, without the written consent of CFO Software, transfer its rights and
obligations under the agreement to a third party, whereas, CFO Software, if necessary, may transfer
its rights and obligations under the agreement to a third party without the consent of CFO Premium.
The terms of the agreement is 10 years.
On September 10, 2007, CFO Software entered into a technical support agreement, strategic
consulting service agreement and operation agreement with CFO Glory on the same terms as described
above.
Loans to Zhiwei Zhao, Wu Chen and Jun Wang
We entered into a loan agreement with each of Jun Ning and Wu Chen, the shareholders of CFO Fuhua,
on May 27, 2004 to extend each of Jun Ning and Wu Chen a loan with the amount of $163,000 and
$199,000, respectively, for the sole purpose of investing in CFO Fuhua as CFO Fuhuas registered
capital. The initial term of these loans in each case is 10 years which may be extended upon the
parties agreement. Jun Ning and Wu Chen can only repay the loans by transferring all of their
interest in CFO Fuhua to us or a third party designated by us. When Jun Ning and Wu Chen transfer
their interest in CFO Fuhua to us or our designee, if the actual transfer price is higher than the
principal amount of the loans, the amount exceeding the principal amount of the loans will be
deemed as interest accrued on such loans and repaid by Jun Ning and Wu Chen to us. While Hong Kong
law limits the maximum interest payment chargeable under a loan to 60% of the outstanding principal
amount per annum, this limitation would only be relevant if, at the time of a future transfer to us
of the interest in CFO Fuhua held by Jun Ning and Wu Chen, the actual value of CFO Fuhua were to
have increased at an average annual rate greater than 60%. CFO Fuhuas assets currently consist
primarily of registered capital and licenses to provide Internet content and advertising related
services, and its operations are primarily limited to operating our free website and providing
advertising related services on behalf of CFO Beijing. In addition, we do not expect CFO Fuhua to
continue to provide advertising related services once CFO Beijing obtains necessary permits to do
so. Accordingly, we do not believe this limitation will have a material effect on our business and
operations, or will result in a material amount being paid to the shareholders of CFO Fuhua if and
when they are permitted to transfer their interest in CFO Fuhua to us.
As Zhiwei Zhao was appointed to replace Jun Ning as a shareholder of CFO Fuhua, in November 2006,
accordingly the loans to Jun Ning as described above were transferred to Zhiwei Zhao by contractual
arrangements on the same term. On October 18, 2007, we entered into a loan agreement with Jun Wang
to extend Jun Wang a loan in the amount of $199,000 on the same term
84
as described above, for the sole purpose of financing Jun Wang to acquire from Wu Chen the whole of
his holdings in CFO Fuhua. Upon transferring all his holdings in CFO Fuhua to Jun Wang, Wu Chen has
repaid his loans in full.
In May 2004, we repaid $60,000 to Jun Ning and Wu Chen for funds advanced by Jun Ning and Wu Chen,
on our behalf, to capitalize CFO Fuhua when CFO Fuhua was initially incorporated in December 2000.
On September 1, 2007, we entered into a loan agreement with Wu Chen and Zhiwei Zhao, the
shareholders of CFO Glory to extend each of Wu Chen and Zhiwei Zhao a loan with the amount of
$77,000 and $63,000 , respectively, for the sole purpose of financing their investments in CFO
Glory as CFO Glorys registered capital. The initial term of these loans in each case is 10 years
which may be extended upon the parties agreement. Wu Chen and Zhiwei Zhao can only repay the loans
by transferring all of their interest in CFO Glory to us or a third party designated by us. When Wu
Chen or Zhiwei Zhao transfer their interest in CFO Glory to us or our designee, if the actual
transfer price is higher than the principal amount of the loans, the amount exceeding the principal
amount of the loans will be deemed as interest accrued on such loans and repaid by Wu Chen and
Zhiwei Zhao to us. On September 10, 2007, we entered into a loan agreement with Jun Wang to extend
Jun Wang a loan in the amount of $77,000 on the same term as described above, for the sole purpose
of financing Jun Wang to acquire from Wu Chen the whole of Wu Chens holdings in CFO Glory. Upon
transferring all his holdings in CFO Glory to Jun Wang, Wu Chen has repaid his loans in full.
On March 3, 2008, Jun Wang, Zhiwei Zhao and CFO Fuhua entered into a capital increase agreement,
under which Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang will increase their capital contribution in CFO Fuhua by
$449,000 and $549,000 respectively. As a result, the registered capital of CFO Fuhua is increased
from $428,000 to $1,426,000. In connection with the capital increase agreement, we entered into a
loan agreement with Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang to extend each of Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang a loan with
the amount of $549,000 and $449,000, respectively, for the sole purpose of financing their increase
of capital contribution in CFO Fuhua. The initial term of these loans in each case is 10 years
which may be extended upon the parties agreement. Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang can only repay the
loans by transferring all of their interest in CFO Fuhua to us or a third party designated by us.
When Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang transfer their interest in CFO Fuhua to us or our designee, if the
actual transfer price is higher than the principal amount of the loans, the amount exceeding the
principal amount of the loans will be deemed as interest accrued on such loans and repaid by Zhiwei
Zhao and Jun Wang to us. While Hong Kong law limits the maximum interest payment chargeable under a
loan to 60% of the outstanding principal amount per annum, for the reasons discussed above, we do
not believe this limitation will have a material effect on our business and operations, or will
result in a material amount being paid to the shareholders of CFO Fuhua if and when they are
permitted to transfer their interest in CFO Fuhua to us.
To satisfy the conditions precedent to the extension of loans, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang have
entered into a share pledge agreement and purchase option and cooperation agreement with CFO
(Beijing) n March 3, 2008.
Loans to Wei Xiong and Zhenfei Fan
On August 21, 2007, we entered into a loan agreement with Wei Xiong, our director of the department
of human resource and administration and Zhenfei Fan, our financial manager, to extend each of Wei
Xiong and Zhifei Fan a loan with the amount of $77,000 and $63,000, respectively, for the sole
purpose of financing their investments in CFO Premium as CFO Premiums registered capital. The
initial term of these loans in each case is 10 years which may be extended upon the parties
agreement. Wei Xiong and Zhifei Fan can only repay the loans by transferring all of their interest
in CFO Premium to us or a third party designated by us. When Wei
85
Xiong or Zhifei Fan transfer their interest in CFO Premium to us or our designee, if the actual
transfer price is higher than the principal amount of the loans, the amount exceeding the principal
amount of the loans will be deemed as interest accrued on such loans and repaid by Wei Xiong and
Zhifei Fan to us.
Loans to CFO Beijing and CFO Software
In March 2005, we have made additional capital contributions of $9 million and $11.5 million to CFO
Beijing and CFO Software, respectively. In April 2005, we further made shareholder loans of $16.8
million and $18.0 million to CFO Beijing and CFO Software, respectively. We made these additional
capital contributions and shareholder loans solely for purposes of capitalizing CFO Beijing and CFO
Software. Funding for these additional capital contributions and shareholder loans came from net
proceeds of our initial public offering in October 2004. In August, October and December 2005, CFO
Software repaid $5.0 million, $5.0 million, $5.0 million respectively. In July 2006, CFO Software
paid off the remaining $3.0 million. In July 2006, CFO Beijing re-paid $7.0 million.
Shareholder rights and corporate governance
Transfer of ownership when permitted by law
Pursuant to a purchase option and cooperation agreement, or the purchase option agreement, entered
into among us, CFO Beijing, Jun Ning, Wu Chen and CFO Fuhua on May 27, 2004, its subsequent
amendments on November 20, 2006 upon the transfer of shares by Jun Ning to Zhiwei Zhao, and a
purchase option and cooperation agreement entered into among us, CFO Beijing, Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang
and CFO Fuhua on October 18, 2007 upon the transfer of shares by Wu Chen to Jun Wang, Zhiwei Zhao
and Jun Wang jointly granted us an exclusive option to purchase all or any portion of their equity
interest in CFO Fuhua, and CFO Fuhua granted us an exclusive option to purchase all of its assets
if and when (1) such purchase is permitted under applicable PRC law, and (2) to the extent
permitted by law, when Zhiwei Zhao and/or Jun Wang ceases to be a director or employee of CFO
Fuhua, or either Zhiwei Zhao or Jun Wang desires to transfer his equity interest in CFO Fuhua to a
party other than the existing shareholders of CFO Fuhua. We may purchase such interest or assets
ourselves or designate another party to purchase such interest or assets.
The exercise price of the option will equal the total principal amount of the loan lent by us to
Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang under their loan agreements to purchase their respective equity interest
in CFO Fuhua, or the price required by relevant PRC law or government approval authority if such
required price is higher than the total principal amount of the loans lent by us to Zhiwei Zhao and
Jun Wang. We may choose to pay the purchase price payable to Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang by canceling
our loans to Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang.
Following any exercise of the option, the parties will enter into a definitive share or asset
purchase agreement and other related transfer documents within 30 days after written notice of
exercise is delivered by us. Pursuant to the purchase option agreement, at all times before we or
any party designated by us acquire 100% of CFO Fuhuas shares or assets, CFO Fuhua may not (1)
sell, transfer, assign, dispose of in any manner or create any encumbrance in any form on any of
its assets unless such sale, transfer, assignment, disposal or encumbrance is related to the daily
operation of CFO Fuhua or has been disclosed to and consented to in writing by us; (2) enter into
any transaction which may have a material effect on CFO Fuhuas assets, liabilities, operations,
equity or other legal interest unless such transaction relates to the daily operation of CFO Fuhua
or has been disclosed to and consented to in writing by us; or (3) distribute any dividends to its
shareholders in any manner, and Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang may not cause CFO Fuhua to amend its
articles of association to the extent such amendment may have a material effect on CFO
86
Fuhuas assets, liabilities, operations, equity or other legal interest except for pro rata
increases of registered capital required by law.
We entered into a purchase option agreements with Wei Xiong, Zhifei Fan and CFO Premium and with
Jun Wang, Zhiwei Zhao and CFO Glory on the same terms as described above on August 21, 2007 and
September 10, 2007 respectively.
On March 3, 2008, CFO (Beijing), Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang, CFO Fuhua and CFO entered into a purchase
option and cooperation agreement on the same terms as described above.
Voting arrangement
Pursuant to two proxies executed and delivered by Jun Ning and Wu Chen to Ling Hai Ma and Jian
Feng, respectively, each an employee of CFO Beijing, on May 27, 2004, Jun Ning and Wu Chen have
granted Ling Hai Ma and Jian Feng the power to exercise all their voting rights as shareholders of
CFO Fuhua, including the right to appoint directors, the general manager and other senior managers
of CFO Fuhua. The term of the proxies is 20 years which will be automatically renewed for another
one year term upon the expiration of each term unless we notify Jun Ning and Wu Chen of our
intention not to renew 30 days before the relevant term expires. Under the purchase option
agreement, Jun Ning and Wu Chen have agreed that (1) they will only revoke the proxies granted to
Ling Hai Ma and Jian Feng when either Ling Hai Ma or Jian Feng ceases to be an employee of CFO
Beijing or we deliver a written notice to Jun Ning and Wu Chen requesting such revocation, and (2)
they, or either of them, as the case may be, will execute and deliver another proxy in the same
format as the one dated May 27, 2004 to any other individuals as instructed by us. Upon Zhiwei
Zhaos receipt of Jun Nings holdings in CFO Fuhua on November 20, 2006, and Jun Wangs receipt of
Wu Chens holdings in CFO Fuhua on October 18, 2007, each of Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang executed and
delivered a proxy substantially identical to the proxy executed by Jun Ning and Wu Chen
respectively, with respect to his voting rights as a shareholders of CFO Fuhua.
Pursuant to two proxies executed and delivered by Wei Xiong and Zhifei Fan to CFO Software on
August 21, 2007, Wei Xiong and Zhifei Fan have granted CFO Software the power to exercise all their
voting rights as shareholders of CFO Premium, including the right to appoint directors, the general
manager and other senior managers of CFO Premium. The term of the proxies is 20 years which will be
automatically renewed for another one year term upon the expiration of each term unless we notify
Wei Xiong and Zhifei Fan of our intention not to renew 30 days before the relevant term expires.
Under the purchase option agreement, Wei Xiong and Zhifei Fan have agreed that they will only
revoke the proxies granted to CFO Software when CFO Software deliver a written notice to Wei Xiong
and Zhifei Fan requesting such revocation.
Pursuant to two proxies executed and delivered by Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang to CFO Software on
September 10, 2007, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang have granted CFO Software the power to exercise all
their voting rights as shareholders of CFO Glory, including the right to appoint directors, the
general manager and other senior managers of CFO Glory. The term of the proxies is 20 years which
will be automatically renewed for another one year term upon the expiration of each term unless we
notify Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang of our intention not to renew 30 days before the relevant term
expires. Under the purchase option agreement, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang have agreed that they will
only revoke the proxies granted to CFO Software when CFO Software deliver a written notice to
Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang requesting such revocation.
Share Pledge Agreement
Pursuant to a share pledge agreement, dated May 27, 2004, Jun Ning and Wu Chen have pledged all of
their equity interest in CFO Fuhua to CFO Beijing to secure the payment obligations of CFO Fuhua
under the equipment leasing agreement, the technical support agreement and the amended
87
and restated strategic consulting agreement between CFO Beijing and CFO Fuhua. Upon Zhiwei Zhaos
receipt of Jun Nings holdings in CFO Fuhua on November 20, 2006, and Jun Wangs receipt of Wu
Chens holdings in CFO Fuhua on October 18, 2007, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang replaced Jun Ning and
Wu Chen respectively as a party to the share pledge agreement. Under this agreement entered into by
and among Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang and CFO Beijing, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang have agreed not to
transfer, assign, pledge or in any other manner dispose of their interest in CFO Fuhua or create
any other encumbrance on their interest in CFO Fuhua which may have a material effect on CFO
Beijings interest without the written consent of CFO Beijing, except the transfer of their
interest in CFO Fuhua to us or the third party assignee designated by us according to the purchase
option agreement.
Pursuant to a share pledge agreement, dated March 3, 2008, Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang have pledged
all of their equity interest in CFO Fuhua to CFO Beijing on the same terms as described above.
Financing support
Pursuant to the purchase option agreement, we have agreed to provide or designate one of our
affiliates to provide financing to CFO Fuhua in a way permitted by relevant laws in case CFO Fuhua
needs such financing. If CFO Fuhua is unable to repay the financing due to its losses, we agree to
waive or cause other relevant parties to waive all recourse against CFO Fuhua with respect to the
financing.
Indemnifications
Pursuant to the purchase option agreement, CFO Beijing has agreed to provide necessary support to
and to indemnify Zhiwei Zhao and Jun Wang to the extent that they are subject to any legal or
economic liabilities as a result of performing their obligations pursuant to their agreements with
us or CFO Beijing.
2007 Equity Incentive Plan
On July 2, 2007, we granted restricted stock awards covering 10,558,493 ordinary shares of the
Company under our 2007 Equity Incentive Plan to our employees who are eligible for the 2007 Equity
Incentive Plan. The vesting of the restrictive stock are subject to us achieving certain financial
performance targets stated in the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan. In order to bind the employees
together in achieving the common goal, the ordinary shares are held by C&F International Holdings
Limited for the benefit whole group of selected employees. Pursuant to the 2007 Equity Incentive
Plan and the restricted stock issuance and allocation agreement effective as of July 2, 2007, we
issued 10,558,493 ordinary shares to C&F International Holdings Limited, a company incorporated in
British Virgin Islands, which holds the ordinary shares on behalf of and exclusively for the
benefit of the group of employees eligible for the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan. C&F International
Holdings Limited is 100% owned by C&F Global Limited, a British Virgin Islands Company, which is in
turn owned by the selected employees. As of December 31, 2007, 10,558,493 ordinary shares have been
issued and allotted to selected employees pursuant to the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan.
Other related party transactions
Shareholders Agreement
Our investors under the shareholders agreement are IDG Technology Venture Investment, Inc. and
Vertex Technology Fund (III) Ltd. Investors to the shareholders agreement or their permitted
assignees that hold at least 15% of our registrable securities may require us to effect a
registration statement on Form F-3 (or any successor form or any comparable form for a registration
in a
88
jurisdiction other than the United States) for a public offering of registrable securities so long
as the reasonably anticipated aggregate price to the public (net of selling expenses) would be at
least $1 million and we are entitled to use Form F-3 (or a comparable form) for such offering.
Holders of registrable securities may demand a registration on Form F-3 on unlimited occasions,
although we are not obligated to affect more than two such registration in any twelve month period.
Holders of registrable securities are also entitled to
piggyback registration rights, which may
require us to register all or any part of the registrable securities then held by such holders when
we register any of our ordinary shares.
Registrable securities are ordinary shares not previously sold to the public and issued or issuable
to IDG Technology Venture Investment, Inc. and Vertex Technology Fund (III) Ltd., who are holders
of our preference shares, including (1) ordinary shares issued upon conversion of our preferred
shares, (2) ordinary shares issued or issuable upon exercise of their options or warrants to
purchase ordinary shares, and (3) ordinary shares issued pursuant to stock splits, stock dividends
and similar distributions to holders of our preference shares. Under certain circumstances, such
demand registration may also include ordinary shares other than registrable securities.
If any of the offerings involves an underwriting, the managing underwriter of any such offering has
certain rights to limit the number of shares included in such registration. However, the number of
registrable securities included in an underwritten public offering subsequent to our initial public
offering pursuant to piggyback registration rights may not be reduced to less than 10% of the
aggregate securities included in such offering without the consent of a majority of the holders of
registrable securities who have requested their shares to be included in the registration and
underwriting. We are generally required to bear all of the registration expenses incurred in
connection with one demand registration on a form other than Form F-3, and unlimited Form F-3 and
piggyback registrations. The foregoing demand, Form F-3 and piggyback registration rights will
terminate, with respect to any holder of registrable securities, on the earliest of:
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the fifth anniversary of the consummation of our initial public offering; |
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upon such holder holding less than 1% of our outstanding ordinary shares after our
initial public offering; and |
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upon such holder becoming eligible to sell all of such holders registrable securities
pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act within any three-month period without volume
limitations, under Rule 144(k), or under any comparable securities law of a jurisdiction
other than the United States for sale of registrable securities in such jurisdiction. |
C. Interests of experts and counsel.
Not applicable
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A. Consolidated financial statements and other financial information.
We have appended consolidated financial statements filed as part of this annual report.
Legal Proceedings
On December 10, 2007, Mr. Fei Ruan, our employee, filed a complaint against CFO Meijing at the
Shanghai No.1 Intermediate Peoples Court alleging copyright violation. The plaintiff sought
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indictment and compensation of approximately $141,000). We filed the answer to the complaint on
March, 2008 . The case is currently pending in the court. Although we cannot predict with certainty
the result of this litigation, we believe that the final outcome will not have a material adverse
effect on our business and results of operations.
Dividend Policy
We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation
and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our ordinary
shares, or indirectly on our ADSs, for the foreseeable future. Investors seeking cash dividends
should not purchase our ADSs. Future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board
of directors and will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and
surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors as our board of
directors may deem relevant. In addition, we can pay dividends only out of our profit or other
distributable reserves. Any dividend we declare will be paid to the holders of ADSs, subject to the
terms of the deposit agreement, to the same extent as holders of our ordinary shares, less the fees
and expenses payable under the deposit agreement. Other distributions, if any, will be paid by the
depositary to holders of our ADSs in any means it deems legal, fair and practical. Any dividend
will be distributed by the depositary, in the form of cash or additional ADSs, to the holders of
our ADSs. Cash dividends on our ADSs, if any, will be paid in U.S. dollars.
B. Significant changes since December 31, 2007.
None.
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
A. Offering and listing details.
Our ADSs, each representing five of our ordinary shares, have been listed on the Nasdaq Global
Market (known as the Nasdaq National Market prior to July 1, 2006) since October 15, 2004. Our ADSs
trade under the symbol JRJC.
The following table provides the high and low trading prices for our ADSs on Nasdaq for (1) the
years 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007 (2) each of the quarters since the first quarter in 2006 and (3)
each of the months since November 2007.
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Sales Price |
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High |
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Low |
Yearly highs and lows |
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Year 2004 (from October 15, 2004) |
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15.99 |
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8.30 |
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Year 2005 |
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11.14 |
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5.22 |
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Year 2006 |
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9.68 |
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3.95 |
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Year 2007 |
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47.68 |
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4.53 |
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Quarterly highs and lows |
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First Quarter 2006 |
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9.68 |
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5.66 |
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Second Quarter 2006 |
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7.37 |
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4.74 |
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Third Quarter 2006 |
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6.60 |
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4.95 |
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Fourth Quarter 2006 |
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5.60 |
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3.95 |
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First Quarter 2007 |
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7.27 |
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4.53 |
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Second Quarter 2007 |
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10.18 |
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6.04 |
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Sales Price |
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High |
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Low |
Third Quarter 2007 |
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44.48 |
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8.17 |
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Fourth Quarter 2007 |
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47.68 |
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16.55 |
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First Quarter 2008 |
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22.43 |
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10.02 |
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Monthly highs and lows |
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November 2007 |
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39.99 |
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16.55 |
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December 2007 |
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27.74 |
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19.3 |
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January 2008 |
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22.43 |
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10.02 |
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February 2008 |
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21.85 |
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14.6 |
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March 2008 |
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21.35 |
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12.8 |
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B. Plan of distribution.
Not applicable
C. Markets.
See Item 9.A. above.
D. Selling shareholders.
Not applicable
E. Dilution.
Not applicable
F. Expenses of the issue.
Not applicable
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A. Share capital.
Not applicable.
B. Memorandum and articles of association.
We incorporate by reference into this Annual Report the description of our amended and restated
memorandum of association contained in our registration statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-119166)
filed with the Commission on October 14, 2004. Our shareholders adopted our amended and restated
memorandum and articles of association at an extraordinary shareholder meeting on October 14, 2004.
C. Material contracts.
We have not entered into any material contracts other than in the ordinary course of business and
other than those described in Item 4, Information on the Company or elsewhere in this annual
report on Form 20-F.
D. Exchange controls.
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Chinas government imposes control over the convertibility of RMB into foreign currencies. Under
the current unified floating exchange rate system, the Peoples Bank of China publishes a daily
exchange rate for RMB, or the PBOC Exchange Rate, based on the previous days dealings in the
inter-bank foreign exchange market. Financial institutions authorized to deal in foreign currency
may enter into foreign exchange transactions at exchange rates within an authorized range above or
below the PBOC Exchange Rate according to market conditions.
Pursuant to the Foreign Exchange Control Regulations issued by the State Council on January 29,
1996 and effective as of April 1, 1996 (and amended on January 14, 1997) and the Administration of
Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange Regulations which came into effect on July 1, 1996
regarding foreign exchange control, or the Regulations, conversion of Renminbi into foreign
exchange by foreign investment enterprises for current account items, including the distribution of
dividends and profits to foreign investors of joint ventures, is permissible upon the proper
production of qualified commercial vouchers or legal documents as required by the Regulations.
Foreign investment enterprises are permitted to remit foreign exchange from their foreign exchange
bank account in China upon the proper production of, inter alia, the board resolutions declaring
the distribution of the dividend and payment of profits. Conversion of RMB into foreign currencies
and remittance of foreign currencies for capital account items, including direct investment, loans,
security investment, is still subject to the approval of the State Administration of Foreign
Exchange, or SAFE, in each such transaction. On January 14, 1997, the State Council amended the
Foreign Exchange Control Regulations and added, among other things, an important provision, as
Article 5 provides that the State shall not impose restrictions on recurring international payments
and transfers under current accounts.
Under the Regulations, foreign investment enterprises are required to open and maintain separate
foreign exchange accounts for capital account items (but not for other items). In addition, foreign
investment enterprises may only buy, sell and/or remit foreign currencies at those banks authorized
to conduct foreign exchange business upon the production of valid commercial documents and, in the
case of capital account item transactions, document approval from SAFE.
Currently, foreign investment enterprises are required to apply to SAFE for foreign exchange
registration certificates for foreign investment enterprises. With such foreign exchange
registration certificates (which are granted to foreign investment enterprises, upon fulfilling
specified conditions and which are subject to review and renewal by SAFE on an annual basis) or
with the foreign exchange sales notices from the SAFE (which are obtained on a
transaction-by-transaction basis), foreign-invested enterprises may open foreign exchange bank
accounts and enter into foreign exchange transactions at banks authorized to conduct foreign
exchange business to obtain foreign exchange for their needs.
E. Taxation.
Hong Kong taxation
Profits tax. No tax is imposed in Hong Kong in respect of capital gains from the sale of property,
such as the ordinary shares underlying our ADSs. However, trading gains from the sale of property
by persons carrying on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong where such gains are derived
from or arise in Hong Kong from such trade, profession or business will be chargeable to Hong Kong
profit tax. Liability for Hong Kong profits tax would therefore arise in respect of trading gains
from the sale of ADSs or the underlying ordinary shares realized by persons in the course of
carrying on a business of trading or dealing in securities in Hong Kong. For the current year of
assessment 2006/2007, the charging rate for profits tax is 17.5% for corporations and 16% for
unincorporated businesses.
In addition, Hong Kong does not impose withholding tax on gains derived from the sale of stock in
Hong Kong companies and does not impose withholding tax on dividends paid outside of Hong
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Kong by Hong Kong companies. Accordingly, investors will not be subject to Hong Kong withholding
tax with respect to a disposition of their ADSs or with respect to the receipt of dividends on
their ADSs, if any. No income tax treaty relevant to the acquiring, withholding or dealing in the
ADSs or the ordinary shares underlying our ADSs exists between Hong Kong and the U.S.
Estate duty. Estate duties are imposed upon the value of properties situated or deemed to be
situated in Hong Kong that pass to a persons estate upon his or her death. Our ordinary shares are
Hong Kong property under Hong Kong law, and accordingly may be subject to estate duty on the death
of the beneficial owner of such ordinary shares, regardless of the place of the owners residence,
citizenship or domicile. We cannot assure you that the Hong Kong Inland Revenue Department will not
treat the ADSs as Hong Kong property that may be subject to estate duty on the death of the
beneficial owner of the ADSs, notwithstanding that the ADRs representing such ADSs may be situated
outside Hong Kong at the date of such death. Hong Kong estate duty is currently imposed on a
progressive scale from 5% to 15%, which rate and threshold has been adjusted on a fairly regular
basis in the past. No estate duty is payable when the aggregate value of the dutiable estate does
not exceed HK$7.5 million, and the maximum rate of 15% applies when the aggregate value of the
dutiable estate exceeds HK$10.5 million. The Hong Kong Financial Secretary proposed in his
2005/2006 Budget to abolish estate duty, but the necessary legislative changes have not yet been
made as at the date of this document.
Stamp duty. Hong Kong stamp duty is generally payable on the transfer of shares in companies
incorporated in Hong Kong. The stamp duty is payable both by the purchaser on every purchase and by
the seller on every sale of such shares at the ad valorem rate of HK$1.00 per HK$1,000 or part
thereof, on the higher of the consideration for or the value of the shares transferred. In
addition, a fixed duty, currently of HK$5, is payable on an instrument of transfer of such shares.
Where one party to the sale is a non-resident of Hong Kong and does not pay the required stamp
duty, the stamp duty not paid will be assessed on the instrument of transfer of such shares (if
any), and the purchaser will be liable for payment of such stamp duty. A withdrawal of ordinary
shares upon the surrender of ADSs, and the issuance of ADSs upon the deposit of ordinary shares,
will also require payment of Hong Kong stamp duty at the rate described above for sale and purchase
transactions, unless such withdrawal or deposit does not result in a change in the beneficial
ownership of shares under Hong Kong law. The issuance of the ADSs upon the deposit of ordinary
shares issued directly to the depositary or for the account of the depositary does not require
payment of stamp duty. In addition, no Hong Kong stamp duty is payable upon the transfer of ADSs
effected outside Hong Kong.
United States federal income taxation
This discussion describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase,
ownership and disposition of our ADSs. This discussion does not address any aspect of U.S. federal
gift or estate tax, or the state, local or foreign tax consequences of an investment in our ADSs.
This discussion applies to you only if you hold and beneficially own our ADSs as capital assets for
tax purposes. This discussion does not apply to you if you are a member of a class of holders
subject to special rules, such as:
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dealers in securities or currencies; |
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traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for
securities holdings; |
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banks or other financial institutions; |
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insurance companies; |
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tax-exempt organizations; |
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partnerships and other entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax
purposes or persons holding ADSs through any such entities; |
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persons that hold ADSs as part of a hedge, straddle, constructive sale, conversion
transaction or other integrated investment; |
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U.S. Holders (as defined below) whose functional currency for tax purposes is not the
U.S. dollar; |
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persons liable for alternative minimum tax; or |
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persons who actually or constructively own 10% or more of the total combined voting
power of all classes of our shares (including ADSs) entitled to vote. |
This discussion is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which we refer to
in this discussion as the Code, its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations
promulgated thereunder, published rulings and court decisions, all as currently in effect. These
laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. In addition, this discussion relies on
our assumptions regarding the value of our shares and the nature of our business over time.
Finally, this discussion is based in part upon the representations of the depositary and the
assumption that each obligation in the deposit agreement and any related agreement will be
performed in accordance with its terms. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, as a holder of ADSs,
you are treated as the owner of the underlying ordinary shares represented by such ADSs.
You should consult your own tax advisor concerning the particular U.S. federal income tax
consequences to you of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our ADSs, as well as the
consequences to you arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.
For purposes of the U.S. federal income tax discussion below, you are a U.S. Holder if you
beneficially own ADSs and are:
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a citizen or resident of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes; |
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a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, that was created or
organized in or under the laws of the United States or any political
subdivision thereof; |
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an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless
of its source; or |
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a trust if (a) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary
supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the
authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (b) the trust
has a valid election in effect to be treated as a U.S. person. |
If you are not a U.S. person, please refer to the discussion below under Non-U.S. Holders.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, income earned through a foreign or domestic partnership or
other flow-through entity is attributed to its owners. Accordingly, if a partnership or other
flow-through entity holds ADSs, the tax treatment of the holder will generally depend on the status
of the partner or other owner and the activities of the partnership or other flow-through entity.
U.S. Holders
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Dividends on ADSs
We do not anticipate paying dividends on our ordinary shares or indirectly on our ADSs, in the
foreseeable future. See Dividend policy.
Subject to the Passive Foreign Investment Company discussion below, if we do make distributions
and you are a U.S. Holder, the gross amount of any distributions you receive on your ADSs will
generally be treated as dividend income if the distributions are made from our current or
accumulated earnings and profits, calculated according to U.S. federal income tax principles.
Dividends will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax as ordinary income on the day you
actually or constructively receive such income. However, if you are an individual and have held
your ADSs for a sufficient period of time, dividend distributions on our ADSs will generally
constitute qualified dividend income taxed at a preferential rate (generally 15% for dividend
distributions before January 1, 2009) as long as our ADSs continue to be readily tradable on Nasdaq
and certain other conditions apply. You should consult your own tax adviser as to the rate of tax
that will apply to you with respect to dividend distributions, if any, you receive from us.
We do not intend to calculate our earnings and profits according to U.S. tax accounting principles.
Accordingly, distributions on our ADSs, if any, will generally be taxed to you as dividend
distributions for U.S. tax purposes. Even if you are a corporation, you will not be entitled to
claim a dividends-received deduction with respect to distributions you receive from us. Dividends
generally will constitute foreign source passive income for U.S. foreign tax credit limitation
purposes.
Sales and other dispositions of ADSs
Subject to the Passive Foreign Investment Company discussion below, when you sell or otherwise
dispose of ADSs, you will generally recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the
difference between the amounts realized on the sale or other disposition and your adjusted tax
basis in the ADSs, both as determined in U.S. dollars. Your adjusted tax basis will generally equal
the amount you paid for the ADSs. Any gain or loss you recognize will be long-term capital gain or
loss if your holding period in our ADSs is more than one year at the time of disposition. If you
are an individual, any such long-term capital gain will be taxed at preferential rates. Your
ability to deduct capital losses will be subject to various limitations.
Passive Foreign Investment Company
If we were a Passive Foreign Investment Company or PFIC in any taxable year in which you hold our
ADSs, as a U.S. Holder, you would generally be subject to adverse U.S. tax consequences, in the
form of increased tax liabilities and special U.S. tax reporting requirements.
We will be classified as a PFIC in any taxable year if either: (1) the average percentage value of
our gross assets during the taxable year that produce passive income or are held for the production
of passive income is at least 50% of the value of our total gross assets or (2) 75% or more of our
gross income for the taxable year is passive income (such as certain dividends, interest or
royalties). For purposes of the first test: (1) any cash, cash equivalents, and cash invested in
short-term, interest bearing, debt instruments, or bank deposits that is readily convertible into
cash, will generally count as producing passive income or held for the production of passive income
and (2) the average value of our gross assets is calculated based on our market capitalization.
We believe that we were not a PFIC for the taxable year 2007. However, there can be no assurance
that we will not be a PFIC for the taxable year 2007 and/or later taxable years, as PFIC status is
re-tested each year and depends on the facts in such year. For example, we would be a PFIC for the
taxable year 2008 if the sum of our average market capitalization, which is our share
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price multiplied by the total amount of our outstanding shares, and our liabilities over that
taxable year is not more than twice the value of our cash, cash equivalents, and other assets that
are readily converted into cash. In particular, we currently deposit a substantial portion of our
net proceeds from our initial public offering in interest bearing bank accounts, as well as the
substantial portion of cash generated from our core business, both of which we book as cash and
cash equivalents, but the value of our ADSs have declined to a high of $47.68 per ADS on October 3,
2007 from a lowest achieved of $4.53 per ADS during 2007. If the value of our outstanding stock
were to adversely decrease for an extended period of time in which we hold substantial cash and
cash equivalents, we would likely become a PFIC. We could also be a PFIC for any taxable year if
the gross income that we and our subsidiaries earn from investing the portion of the cash raised in
our initial public offering in 2004 that exceeds the immediate capital needs of our active online
business is substantial in comparison with the gross income from our business operations.
If we were a PFIC, you would generally be subject to additional taxes and interest charges on
certain excess distributions we make and on any gain realized on the disposition or deemed
disposition of your ADSs, regardless of whether we continue to be a PFIC in the year in which you
receive an excess distribution or dispose of or are deemed to dispose of your ADSs. Distributions
in respect of your ADSs during a taxable year would generally constitute excess distributions if,
in the aggregate, they exceed 125% of the average amount of distributions in respect of your ADSs
over the three preceding taxable years or, if shorter, the portion of your holding period before
such taxable year.
To compute the tax on excess distributions or any gain, (1) the excess distribution or the gain
would be allocated ratably to each day in your holding period, (2) the amount allocated to the
current year and any tax year before we became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income in the
current year, (3) the amount allocated to other taxable years would be taxable at the highest
applicable marginal rate in effect for that year, and (4) an interest charge at the rate for
underpayment of taxes for any period described under (3) above would be imposed with respect to any
portion of the excess distribution or gain that is allocated to such period. In addition, if we
were a PFIC, no distribution that you receive from us would qualify for taxation at the
preferential rate discussed in the Dividends on ADSs section above.
If we were a PFIC in any year, as a U.S. Holder, you would be required to make an annual return on
IRS Form 8621 regarding your ADSs. However, we do not intend to generate, or share with you,
information that you might need to properly complete IRS Form 8621. You should consult with your
own tax adviser regarding reporting requirements with regard to your ADSs.
If we were a PFIC in any year, you would generally be able to avoid the excess distribution rules
described above by making a timely so-called mark-to-market election with respect to your ADSs
provided our ADSs are marketable. Our ADSs will be marketable as long as they remain regularly
traded on a national securities exchange, such as Nasdaq. If you made this election in a timely
fashion, you would generally recognize as ordinary income or ordinary loss the difference between
the fair market value of your ADSs on the first day of any taxable year and their value on the last
day of that taxable year. Any ordinary income resulting from this election would generally be taxed
at ordinary income rates and would not be eligible for the reduced rate of tax applicable to
qualified dividend income. Any ordinary losses would be limited to the extent of the net amount of
previously included income as a result of the mark-to-market election, if any. Your basis in the
ADSs would be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss. You should consult with your own tax
adviser regarding potential advantages and disadvantages to you of making a mark-to-market
election with respect to your ADSs. Separately, if we were a PFIC in any year, you would be able to
avoid the excess distribution rules by making a timely election to treat us as a so-called
Qualified Electing Fund or QEF. You would then generally be required to include in gross income
for any taxable year (1) as ordinary income, your pro rata share of our ordinary earnings for the
taxable year, and (2) as long-term capital gain, your pro rata share of our
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net capital gain for the taxable year. However, we do not intend to provide you with the
information you would need to make or maintain a QEF election and you will, therefore, not be
able to make or maintain such an election with respect to your ADSs.
Non-U.S. Holders
If you beneficially own ADSs and are not a U.S. Holder for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a
Non-U.S. Holder), you generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding on
dividends received from us with respect to ADSs unless that income is considered effectively
connected with your conduct of a U.S. trade or business and, if an applicable income tax treaty so
requires as a condition for you to be subject to U.S. federal income tax with respect to income
from your ADSs, such dividends are attributable to a permanent establishment that you maintain in
the United States. You generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, including
withholding tax, on any gain realized upon the sale or exchange of ADSs, unless:
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that gain is effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or
business and, if an applicable income tax treaty so requires as a
condition for you to be subject to U.S. federal income tax with
respect to income from your ADSs, such gain is attributable to a
permanent establishment that you maintain in the United States; or |
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you are a nonresident alien individual and are present in the United
States for at least 183 days in the taxable year of the sale or other
disposition and either (1) your gain is attributable to an office or
other fixed place of business that you maintain in the United States
or (2) you have a tax home in the United States. |
If you are engaged in a U.S. trade or business, unless an applicable tax treaty provides otherwise,
the income from your ADSs, including dividends and the gain from the disposition of ADSs, that is
effectively connected with the conduct of that trade or business will generally be subject to the
rules applicable to U.S. Holders discussed above. In addition, if you are a corporation, you may be
subject to an additional branch profits tax at a rate of 30% or any lower rate under an applicable
tax treaty.
U.S. information reporting and backup withholding rules
In general, dividend payments with respect to the ADSs and the proceeds received on the sale or
other disposition of those ADSs may be subject to information reporting to the IRS and to backup
withholding (currently imposed at a rate of 28%). Backup withholding will not apply, however, if
you (1) are a corporation or come within certain other exempt categories and, when required, can
demonstrate that fact or (2) provide a taxpayer identification number, certify as to no loss of
exemption from backup withholding and otherwise comply with the applicable backup withholding
rules. To establish your status as an exempt person, you will generally be required to provide
certification on IRS Form W-9, W-8BEN or W-8ECI, as applicable. Any amounts withheld from payments
to you under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against your U.S.
federal income tax liability, provide that you furnish the required information to the IRS.
HOLDERS OF OUR ADSs SHOULD CONSULT WITH THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE
APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AS WELL AS ANY TAX
CONSEQUENCES RESULTING FROM PURCHASING, HOLDING OR DISPOSING OF THE ADSs, INCLUDING THE
APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF THE TAX LAWS OF ANY STATE, LOCAL OR FOREIGN JURISDICTION AND INCLUDING
ESTATE, GIFT, AND INHERITANCE LAWS.
F. Dividends and paying agents.
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Not applicable.
G. Statement by experts.
Not applicable.
H. Documents on display.
We have previously filed with the Commission our registration statement on Form F-1, as amended,
and our prospectus under the Securities Act of 1933, with respect to our ordinary shares.
We are subject to the periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Under the Exchange Act, we are required to
file reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Specifically, we
are required to file annually a Form 20-F no later than six months after the close of each fiscal
year, which is December 31. Copies of reports and other information, when so filed, may be
inspected without charge and may be obtained at prescribed rates at the public reference facilities
maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commission at Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20549, and at the regional office of the Securities and Exchange Commission
located at Citicorp Center, 500 West Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661. The
public may obtain information regarding the Washington, D.C. Public Reference Room by calling the
Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a Web site at www.sec.gov that contains
reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding registrants that make
electronic filings with the SEC using its EDGAR system. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt
from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of quarterly reports
and proxy statements, and officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the
reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
We will furnish our shareholders with annual reports, which will include a review of operations and
annual audited consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP.
I. Subsidiaries information.
Not Applicable.
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Please refer to Item 5, Operating and Financial Review and Prospects; Quantitative and qualitative
disclosures about market risk.
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not Applicable.
PART II
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
Not Applicable.
98
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
We received net proceeds of approximately US$58.5 million from our initial public offering and have
previously disclosed the application of all the offering proceeds.
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of Zhiwei Zhao, our chief executive officer, and Jun Wang,
our chief financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and
procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, or Exchange Act, as of the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.
Based on such evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded
that, as of the end of the fiscal year covered by this report, our disclosure controls and
procedures were effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis,
information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange
Act.
There have not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal year covered by
this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our
internal control over financial reporting.
Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The management of China Finance Online Co. Limited, or the Company, is responsible for establishing
and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f)
and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or
detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject
to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the
degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
The Companys management, with the participation of the Companys principal executive and principal
financial officers, assessed the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial
reporting as of end of the most recent fiscal year, December 31, 2007. In making this assessment,
the Companys management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on its
assessment, management concluded that, as of the end of the Companys most recent fiscal year,
December 31, 2007, the Companys internal control over financial reporting is effective based on
those criteria. The assessment excluded the internal controls over financial reporting relating to
Daily Growth Securities because the entity was acquired on November 23, 2007, as described in note
3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Key sub-totals that result from the financial statements of Daily Growth Securities, whose internal
controls have not been assessed, are set out below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007(USD) |
|
Total assets |
|
|
8,109,972 |
|
Net assets |
|
|
3,999,090 |
|
Revenue |
|
|
80,896 |
|
Loss for the financial year |
|
|
(103,180 |
) |
|
99
The Companys independent registered public accounting firm, who audited the financial statements
included in Form 20-F, has issued an attestation report on managements assessment of the
effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the board of directors and shareholders of China Finance Online Co. Limited
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of China Finance Online Co. Limited
and its subsidiaries and variable interest entities (the Group) as of December 31, 2007, based on
the criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Groups management is responsible for
maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying
Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on the Groups internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
As described in Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management
excluded from its assessment the internal control over financial reporting at Daily Growth
Securities Limited, which was acquired on November 23, 2007 and whose financial statements
constitute 5.9 percent and 7.8 percent of net and total assets, respectively, 0.3 percent of
revenues, and 2.5 percent of net loss of the consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for
the year ended December 31, 2007. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over
financial reporting at Daily Growth Securities Limited.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk,
and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the
supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons
performing similar functions, and effected by the companys board of directors, management, and
other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes
those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the
possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to
error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any
100
evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods
are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions,
or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Group maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal
ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the Groups consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2007 and
the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders equity and comprehensive income,
and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, and the related
financial statement schedule included in Schedule I and our report dated May 30, 2008 expressed
an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and included an explanatory paragraph
regarding the Groups adoption of the recognition and measurement methods under Financial
Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 and change of its method of accounting for
stock-based compensation to conform to FASB Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based
Payment.
Deloitte
Touche Tohmatsu CPA Ltd.
Beijing, the Peoples Republic of
China
May 30, 2008
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
See Item 6.C. of this annual report, Directors, Senior Management and Employees Board
Practices.
Our board of directors has concluded that Mr. Kheng Nam Lee, a member of our audit committee, meets
the criteria for an audit committee financial expert as established by the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission.
Mr. Kheng Nam Lee will not be deemed an expert for any purpose, including, without limitation,
for purposes of section 11 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as a result of being
designated or identified as an audit committee financial expert. The designation or identification
of Mr. Kheng Nam Lee as an audit committee financial expert does not impose on him any duties,
obligations or liability that are greater than the duties, obligations and liability imposed on him
as a member of the audit committee and board of directors in the absence of such designation or
identification. The designation or identification of Mr. Kheng Nam Lee as an audit committee
financial expert does not affect the duties, obligations or liability of any other member of the
audit committee or board of directors.
ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS
See Item 6.C. of this annual report, Directors, Senior Management and Employees Board
Practices.
Our board of directors has adopted a code of ethics, which is applicable to our senior executive
and financial officers and any other persons who perform similar functions for us. We have posted
the text of our code of ethics on our Internet website at
www.chinafinanceonline.com/investor/governance.asp.
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The following table sets forth the aggregate fees by category specified below in connection with
certain professional services rendered by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CPA Ltd., our independent
101
registered public accounting firm, for the periods indicated. We did not pay any other fees to our
independent registered public accounting firm during the periods indicated below.
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
Audit Fees(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
US$ |
635,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
US$ |
257,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
US$ |
192,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax Fees(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,278 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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(1) |
|
Audit Fees means the aggregate fees in each of the fiscal years listed for
professional services rendered by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CPA Ltd. for the audit of our annual
financial statements, review of interim financial statements and attestation services that are
provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. |
|
(2) |
|
Tax Fees means the aggregate fees billed in each of the fiscal years listed for
professional tax services rendered by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CPA Ltd. |
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTION FROM THE LISTING STANDARD FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
Not Applicable.
ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
NONE
PART III
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENT
We have elected to provide financial statements pursuant to Item 18.
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The consolidated financial statements for China Finance Online Co. Limited and its subsidiaries
are included at the end of this annual report.
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS
Index to exhibits
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of
Association of China Finance Online Co. Limited
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 from our
Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No.
333-119166) filed with the |
102
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
|
Securities and Exchange
Commission on October 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
Specimen ordinary share certificate (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 from our Registration
Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-119166) filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
September 21, 2004) |
|
|
|
2.2
|
|
Specimen American depositary receipt of China
Finance Online Co. Limited (Incorporated by
reference to the Registration Statement on Form F-6
(File No. 333-119530) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission with respect to American
depositary shares representing ordinary shares on
October 5, 2004 |
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
Shareholders Agreement of China Finance Online Co.
Limited dated June 2000 among China Finance Online
Co., Ltd. and certain of its shareholders
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 from our
Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No.
333-119166) filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2004) |
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
2004 Incentive Stock Option Plan and form of option
agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1
from our 2006 Annual Report on Form 20-F (File
No.000-50975) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Restricted Stock Issuance and Allocation
Agreement-2007 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 99.1 on Form 6-K (File No.
000-50975) filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on August 24, 2007 |
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
Form of Option Agreement with outside consultants
and strategic advisors (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.2 from our Registration Statement on
Form F-1 (File No. 333-119166) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21,
2004) |
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Purchase Option and Cooperation Agreement dated May
27, 2004 among China Finance Online Co. Limited,
Jun Ning, Wu Chen and CFO Fuhua Innovation
Technology Development Co., Ltd. (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 from our Registration
Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-119166) filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
September 21, 2004) |
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
Share Pledge Agreement dated May 27, 2004 among Jun
Ning, Wu Chen and China Finance Online (Beijing)
Co., Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.4 from our Registration Statement on Form F-1
(File No. 333-119166) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on September 21, 2004) |
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
Proxy from Wu Chen to Jian Feng dated May 27, 2004
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 from our
Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No.
333-119166) filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2004) |
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
Framework Agreement on Exercising Purchase Option
dated November 20, 2006 by and among Jun Ning, Wu
Chen, Zhiwei Zhao, CFO Fuhua Innovation Technology
Development Co., Ltd. and China Finance Online
(Beijing) Co., Ltd. (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.7 from our 2006 Annual Report on Form
20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on May 29, 2007) |
103
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
4.8
|
|
Share Transfer Contract (related to shares of
Beijing Fuhua Innovation Technology Development
Co., Ltd.) dated November 20, 2006 by and between
Jun Ning and Zhiwei Zhao (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 4.8 from our 2006 Annual Report on Form
20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
Loan Agreement dated November 20, 2006 by and
between China Finance Online Co. Limited by and
Zhiwei Zhao (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.9 from our 2006 Annual Report on Form 20-F (File
No.000-50975 ) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.10
|
|
Purchase Option and Cooperation Agreement dated
November 20, 2006 among China Finance Online Co.
Limited, Zhiwei Zhao, Wu Chen, Fuhua Innovation
Technology Development Co., Ltd. and China Finance
Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.10 from our 2006 Annual
Report on Form 20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 29,
2007) |
|
|
|
4.11
|
|
Share Pledge Agreement dated November 20, 2006
among Zhiwei Zhao, Wu Chen, Fuhua Innovation
Technology Development Co., Ltd. and China Finance
Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.11 from our 2006 Annual
Report on Form 20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 29,
2007) |
|
|
|
4.12
|
|
Equipment Lease Agreement between China Finance
Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Fuhua Innovative
Technology Development Co., Ltd. dated May 27, 2004
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 from our
Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No.
333-119166) filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2004) |
|
|
|
4.13
|
|
Technical Support Agreement between China Finance
Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Fuhua Innovative
Technology Development Co., Ltd. dated May 27, 2004
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 from our
Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No.
333-119166) filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2004) |
|
|
|
4.14
|
|
Amended and Restated Strategic Consulting Agreement
between China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
and Fuhua Innovative Technology Development Co.,
Ltd. dated May 27, 2004 (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.9 from our Registration Statement on
Form F-1 (File No. 333-119166) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21,
2004) |
|
|
|
4.15*
|
|
Framework Agreement on Exercising Purchase Option
dated October 18, 2007 by and among China Finance
Online Co. Limited, Wu Chen, Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang,
CFO Fuhua Innovation Technology Development Co.,
Ltd and China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.16*
|
|
Loan Agreement between China Finance Online Co.
Limited and Jun Wang dated October 18, 2007 |
|
|
|
4.17*
|
|
Share Transfer Contract (related to shares of
Beijing Fuhua Innovation Technology Development
Co., Ltd.) dated October 18, 2007 by and between Wu
Chen and Jun Wang |
104
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
4.18*
|
|
Share Pledge Agreement dated October 18, 2007 among
Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang, Fuhua Innovation Technology
Development Co., Ltd. and China Finance Online
(Beijing) Co., Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.19*
|
|
Purchase Option and Cooperation Agreement dated
October 18, 2007 among China Finance Online Co.
Limited, Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang and CFO Fuhua
Innovation Technology Development Co., Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.20*
|
|
Purchase Option and Coopration Agreement dated
March 3, 2008 among China Finance Online Co.
Limited, Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang and CFO Fuhua
Innovation Technology Development Co., Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.21*
|
|
Capital Increase Agreement relating to CFO Fuhua
Innovation Technology Development Co., Ltd. dated
March 3, 2008 among CFO Fuhua Innovation Technology
Development Co., Ltd. , Jun Wang and Zhiwei Zhao |
|
|
|
4.22*
|
|
Loan Agreement dated March 3,
2008 among China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Jun Wang and
Zhiwei Zhao |
|
|
|
4.23*
|
|
Share Pledge Agreement dated March 3, 2008 among
Zhiwei Zhao, Jun Wang, Fuhua Innovation Technology
Development Co., Ltd. and China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.24*
|
|
Loan Agreement dated
August 21, 2007 among Fortune Software (Beijing)
Co., Ltd., Wei Xiong and
Zhenfei Fan |
|
|
|
4.25*
|
|
Operation Agreement among dated
August 21, 2007 by
and between Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
and Beijing CFO Premium Technology Co., Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.26*
|
|
Technical Support Agreement between
Fortune Software (Beijing)
Co., Ltd. and Beijing CFO Premium
Technology Co., Ltd. dated August 21, 2007 |
|
|
|
4.27*
|
|
Strategic Consulting and Service Agreement between
Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and
Beijing Premium Technology Co., Ltd. dated August
21, 2007 |
|
|
|
4.28*
|
|
Purchase Option Agreement dated August 21, 2007
among Fortune Software (Beijing) Co. Limited, Wei Xiong,
Zhenfei Fan and Beijing Premium Technology Co.,
Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.29*
|
|
Framework Agreement among Fortune
Software (Beijing)
Co., Ltd., Wu Chen, Jun Wang and Beijing
Glory Co., Ltd. dated September 10, 2007 |
|
|
|
4.30*
|
|
Loan Agreement dated September 1, 2007 among Fortune Software (Beijing)
Co., Ltd., Wu Chen and
Zhiwei Zhao |
|
|
|
4.31*
|
|
Share Transfer Contract (related to shares of
Beijing Glory Co., Ltd.) dated September 10, 2007
by and between Wu Chen and Jun Wang |
|
|
|
4.32*
|
|
Operation Agreement among dated
September 10, 2007
by and between Fortune Software (Beijing)
Co.,Ltd. and Beijing Glory Co., Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.33*
|
|
Technical Support Agreement between
Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Beijing CFO Glory
Co., Ltd. dated September 10, 2007 |
105
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
4.34*
|
|
Strategic Consulting and Service Agreement between
Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and
Beijing Glory Co., Ltd. dated September 10, 2007 |
|
|
|
4.35*
|
|
Purchase Option Agreement dated September 10, 2007
among China Finance Online Co. Limited, Jun Wang,
Zhiwei Zhao and Beijing Glory Co., Ltd. |
|
|
|
4.36
|
|
Shanghai Stock Exchange Level-II Quotations License
Agreement dated June 15, 2006 between SSE Infonet
Ltd. and Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.15 from our
2006 Annual Report on Form 20-F (File No.000-50975
) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.37*
|
|
License Agreement relating to the distribution of
TopView between Fortune Software (Beijing) Co.,
Ltd. and Shanghai Stock Exchange Information
Network Co., Ltd. dated December 26, 2007 |
|
|
|
4.38
|
|
Shenzhen Stock Exchange Proprietary Information
License Agreement dated March 20, 2007 between
Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Shenzhen
Securities Information Co., Ltd. (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.16 from our 2006 Annual
Report on Form 20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 29,
2007) |
|
|
|
4.39
|
|
Domain Name Transfer Agreement dated October 30,
2006 by and among China Finance Online Co., Ltd.,
China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Being
Fuhua Innovation Technology Development Co.,
Ltd.(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.17 from
our 2006 Annual Report on Form 20-F (File
No.000-50975 ) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.40
|
|
Domain Name Transfer Agreement dated October 30,
2006 between Stockstar Information Technology
(Shanghai) Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Meining Computer
Software Company Limited (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 4.18 from our 2006 Annual Report on Form
20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.41
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated January 19, 2006 between Fortune Software
(Beijing) Co. Ltd. and China Galaxy Securities
Company Limited (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.20 from our Annual Report on Form 20-F
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on May 23, 2006) |
|
|
|
4.42
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated January 19, 2006 between Beijing Fuhua
Innovation Technology Co., Ltd. and China Galaxy
Securities Company Limited (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.20 from our Annual Report on
Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on May 23, 2006) |
|
|
|
4.43
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated January 19, 2006 between China Finance Online
Co., Ltd. and China Galaxy Securities Company
Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.20
from our Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on May 23, 2006) |
106
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
4.44
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated December 29, 2006 between Beijing Fuhua
Innovation Technology Co., Ltd. and China Galaxy
Securities Company Limited (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.22 from our 2006 Annual
Report on Form 20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 29,
2007) |
|
|
|
4.45
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated December 29, 2006 between Fortune Software
(Beijing) Co. Ltd. and China Galaxy Securities
Company Limited (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.23 from our 2006 Annual Report on Form
20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.46*
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated August 9, 2007 between Fortune Software
(Beijing) Co. Ltd. and China Galaxy Securities
Company Limited |
|
|
|
4.47*
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated August 9, 2007 between Beijing Fuhua
Innovation Technology Co., Ltd. and China Galaxy
Securities Company Limited |
|
|
|
4.48*
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated August 1, 2007 between China Finance Online
(Beijing) Co., Ltd. and China Galaxy Securities
Company Limited |
|
|
|
4.49*
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated August 1, 2007 between Beijing Fuhua
Innovation Technology Co., Ltd. and China Galaxy
Securities Company Limited |
|
|
|
4.50*
|
|
Lease Contract for Housing Unit of Corporate Square
dated August 1, 2007 between Fortune Software
(Beijing) Co. Ltd. and China Galaxy Securities
Company Limited |
|
|
|
4.51*
|
|
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Shares in
Daily Growth Investment Company Limited dated
September 7, 2007 among William Wang, FNG
International Holdings Limited and China Finance
Online Co. Limited |
|
|
|
4.52*
|
|
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Shares in
Daily Growth Investment Company Limited dated
September 7, 2007 among Tsang Kin-Woo, FNG
International Holdings Limited and China Finance
Online Co., Limited |
|
|
|
4.53*
|
|
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Shares in
Daily Growth Investment Company Limited dated
September 7, 2007 among Wong Chan Miu-Wan Stella,
FNG International Holdings Limited and China
Finance Online Co. Limited |
|
|
|
4.54*
|
|
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Shares in
Daily Growth Investment Company Limited dated
September 7, 2007 among Shun Kin Enterprises
Limited, FNG International Holdings Limited and
China Finance Online Co. Limited |
|
|
|
4.55*
|
|
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Shares in
Daily Growth Investment Company Limited dated
September 7, 2007 among Midopa Enterprises Limited,
FNG International Holdings Limited and China
Finance Online Co. Limited |
107
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
4.56*
|
|
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Shares in
Daily Growth Investment Company Limited dated
September 7, 2007 among Hung Yung, FNG
International Holdings Limited and China Finance
Online Co. Limited |
|
|
|
4.57*
|
|
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Shares in
Daily Growth Investment Company Limited dated
September 7, 2007 among Chu Ping-Im, FNG
International Holdings Limited and China Finance
Online Co. Limited |
|
|
|
4.58*
|
|
Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Shares in
Daily Growth Investment Company Limited dated
September 7, 2007 among Eternal Growth Investment
Limited, FNG International Holdings Limited and
China Finance Online Co. Limited |
|
|
|
4.59
|
|
Form of indemnification agreement for directors and
officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.18 from our Registration Statement on Form F-1
(File No. 333-119166) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on September 21, 2004) |
|
|
|
4.60
|
|
Labor Contract of Jeff Wang dated May 24, 2006
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.25 from our
2006 Annual Report on Form 20-F (File No.000-50975
) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.61
|
|
Labor Contract of Zhao Zhiwei dated June 21, 2005
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.26 from our
Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on May 23, 2006) |
|
|
|
4.62
|
|
[Intentionally Omitted] |
|
|
|
4.63
|
|
[Intentionally Omitted] |
|
|
|
4.64
|
|
Form of Change in Control Agreement (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 from our Registration
Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-119166) filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
October 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
4.65
|
|
Shanghai Meining Computer Software Company Limited
Share Transfer Agreement dated August 15, 2006
among Shanghai Kemei Taidi Telecommunication
Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing Fuhua Innovation
Technology Development Co., Ltd., China Finance
Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd.(incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.30 from our 2006 Annual
Report on Form 20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 29,
2007) |
|
|
|
4.66
|
|
Stockstar Information Technology (Shanghai) Co.,
Ltd. Share Transfer Agreement dated August 15, 2006
by and among Stockstar.com, Inc. and China Finance
Online Co., Ltd.(incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.31 from our 2006 Annual Report on Form
20-F (File No.000-50975 ) filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on May 29, 2007) |
|
|
|
4.67*
|
|
Engagement Letter between China Finance Online Co.,
Ltd. and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CPA. Ltd dated
February 26, 2008 |
|
|
|
8.1*
|
|
List of subsidiaries |
|
|
|
10.1*
|
|
Consent of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CPA Ltd. |
108
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
12.1*
|
|
CEO Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) (17
CFR 240.13a-14(a)) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(a)) or Rule
15d-1(a) (17 CFR 240.15d-14(a)) |
|
|
|
12.2*
|
|
CFO Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) (17
CFR 240.13a-14(a)) or Rule 15d-1(a) (17 CFR
240.15d-14(a)) |
|
|
|
13.1*
|
|
CEO Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
|
|
|
13.2*
|
|
CFO Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
109
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
SIGNATURE
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and
that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
|
|
|
|
|
Date: June 4, 2008 |
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO.
LIMITED
|
|
|
/s/ Jeff Wang
|
|
|
Name: |
Jeff Wang |
|
|
Title: |
Chief Financial Officer |
|
110
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
|
|
|
|
CONTENTS |
|
PAGE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
F - 2 |
|
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|
|
F - 3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F - 4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F - 5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F - 6 |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
F - 7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F - 42 |
|
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS OF
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of China Finance Online Co.
Limited and its subsidiaries and variable interest entities (the Group) as of December 31,
2006 and 2007 and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders equity
and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2007, and the related financial statement schedule included in Schedule I.
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Groups management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts
and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide
a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of China Finance Online Co. Limited and its subsidiaries
and variable interest entities as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
As described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, 1) effective on January 1,
2007, the Group adopted the recognition and measurement methods under Financial Accounting
Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes An
Interpretation of FASB Statement No.109; 2) effective on January 1, 2006, the Group changed
its method of accounting for stock-based compensation to conform to Statement of Financial
Accounting Standard No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the Groups internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and
our report dated May 30, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Groups internal
control over financial reporting.
Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CPA Ltd.
Beijing, the Peoples Republic of China
May 30, 2008
F-2
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In U.S. dollars, except share-related data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
44,955,553 |
|
|
$ |
74,729,033 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
927,697 |
|
|
|
2,947,054 |
|
Trust bank balances held on behalf of customers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,850,541 |
|
Advances to employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,672,575 |
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
477,778 |
|
|
|
1,491,454 |
|
Deferred tax assets |
|
|
170,478 |
|
|
|
1,129,515 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
46,531,506 |
|
|
|
84,820,172 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
1,697,481 |
|
|
|
5,454,858 |
|
Acquired intangible assets, net |
|
|
2,045,224 |
|
|
|
1,938,177 |
|
Cost method investment |
|
|
12,606,571 |
|
|
|
1,479,571 |
|
Rental deposits |
|
|
86,216 |
|
|
|
500,222 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
8,151,851 |
|
|
|
9,651,719 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
25,647 |
|
Deferred tax assets, non-current |
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,382 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
71,118,849 |
|
|
$ |
103,884,748 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities and shareholders equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue |
|
$ |
6,418,502 |
|
|
$ |
20,457,316 |
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
|
2,086,017 |
|
|
|
6,950,254 |
|
Amounts due to customers for the trust bank balances held on their behalf |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,850,541 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
|
10,535 |
|
|
|
763,458 |
|
Income taxes payable |
|
|
5,483 |
|
|
|
11,968 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
8,520,537 |
|
|
|
31,033,537 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue, non-current |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,665,112 |
|
Deferred tax liabilities, non-current |
|
|
145,533 |
|
|
|
352,273 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
8,666,070 |
|
|
|
36,050,922 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments (Note 15) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority interests |
|
|
|
|
|
|
471,431 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ordinary shares ($0.00013 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; shares
issued and outstanding 104,384,933 in 2006 and 109,754,433 in 2007) |
|
|
13,474 |
|
|
|
14,172 |
|
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
52,555,919 |
|
|
|
58,727,378 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
|
1,634,269 |
|
|
|
4,501,432 |
|
Retained earnings |
|
|
8,249,117 |
|
|
|
4,119,413 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity |
|
|
62,452,779 |
|
|
|
67,362,395 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities, minority interests and shareholders equity |
|
$ |
71,118,849 |
|
|
$ |
103,884,748 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-3
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In U.S. dollars, except share-related data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
7,482,166 |
|
|
$ |
7,128,078 |
|
|
$ |
25,903,074 |
|
Cost of revenues (including stock-based compensation
of $740, $111,612 and $16,192, respectively) |
|
|
482,068 |
|
|
|
1,467,745 |
|
|
|
4,426,602 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
|
7,000,098 |
|
|
|
5,660,333 |
|
|
|
21,476,472 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative (including stock-based
compensation of $365,949, $833,685 and $2,667,613
respectively) |
|
|
1,740,117 |
|
|
|
2,955,948 |
|
|
|
7,783,668 |
|
Product development (including stock-based
compensation of $1,610, $131,134 and $123,461
respectively) |
|
|
236,438 |
|
|
|
742,728 |
|
|
|
2,268,878 |
|
Sales and marketing (including stock-based compensation
of $2,482, $107,231 and $139,074, respectively) |
|
|
1,794,569 |
|
|
|
2,665,847 |
|
|
|
6,924,336 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
3,771,124 |
|
|
|
6,364,523 |
|
|
|
16,976,882 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Government subsidies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
135,834 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from operations |
|
|
3,228,974 |
|
|
|
(704,190 |
) |
|
|
4,635,424 |
|
Interest income |
|
|
1,486,276 |
|
|
|
1,002,975 |
|
|
|
1,104,701 |
|
Other income, net |
|
|
365,965 |
|
|
|
381,875 |
|
|
|
433,069 |
|
Loss from impairment of cost method investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,322,000 |
) |
|
|
(11,127,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income tax (provision) benefit |
|
|
5,081,215 |
|
|
|
(641,340 |
) |
|
|
(4,953,806 |
) |
Income tax (provision) benefit |
|
|
(457,028 |
) |
|
|
40,707 |
|
|
|
808,625 |
|
Minority interest in net loss of consolidated subsidiary |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,477 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
4,624,187 |
|
|
$ |
(600,633 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.04 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.04 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.04 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares used in calculating
net income (loss) per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
94,341,061 |
|
|
|
93,650,653 |
|
|
|
94,500,529 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted |
|
|
104,781,492 |
|
|
|
93,650,653 |
|
|
|
94,500,529 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In U.S. dollars, except share-related data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
Deferred |
|
|
comprehensive |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ordinary shares |
|
|
paid-in |
|
|
stock-based |
|
|
income |
|
|
Retained |
|
|
shareholders |
|
|
Comprehensive |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
capital |
|
|
compensation |
|
|
(loss) |
|
|
earnings |
|
|
equity |
|
|
income |
|
Balances as of January 1, 2005 |
|
|
99,329,933 |
|
|
$ |
12,814 |
|
|
$ |
64,175,132 |
|
|
$ |
(325,221 |
) |
|
$ |
(11 |
) |
|
$ |
4,225,563 |
|
|
$ |
68,088,277 |
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase of ordinary shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13,200,394 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13,200,394 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Issuance of ordinary shares to employees |
|
|
2,000,000 |
|
|
|
263 |
|
|
|
276,713 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
276,976 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock options issued to non-employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
112,689 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
112,689 |
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
258,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
258,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
671,133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
671,133 |
|
|
$ |
671,133 |
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,624,187 |
|
|
|
4,624,187 |
|
|
|
4,624,187 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2005 |
|
|
101,329,933 |
|
|
|
13,077 |
|
|
|
51,364,140 |
|
|
|
(67,129 |
) |
|
|
671,122 |
|
|
|
8,849,750 |
|
|
|
60,830,960 |
|
|
$ |
5,295,320 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(67,129 |
) |
|
|
67,129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of ordinary shares for exercise of
stock option by employees |
|
|
3,000,000 |
|
|
|
390 |
|
|
|
66,453 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66,843 |
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise of share options by non-employees |
|
|
55,000 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
8,793 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,800 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,183,662 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,183,662 |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
963,147 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
963,147 |
|
|
$ |
963,147 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(600,633 |
) |
|
|
(600,633 |
) |
|
|
(600,633 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2006 |
|
|
104,384,933 |
|
|
|
13,474 |
|
|
|
52,555,919 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,634,269 |
|
|
|
8,249,117 |
|
|
|
62,452,779 |
|
|
$ |
362,514 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise of stock option by employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,366,697 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,366,697 |
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise of share options by non-employees |
|
|
5,369,500 |
|
|
|
698 |
|
|
|
858,422 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
859,120 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,946,340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,946,340 |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,867,163 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,867,163 |
|
|
$ |
2,867,163 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2007 |
|
|
109,754,433 |
|
|
$ |
14,172 |
|
|
$ |
58,727,378 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4,501,432 |
|
|
$ |
4,119,413 |
|
|
$ |
67,362,395 |
|
|
$ |
(1,262,541 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In U.S. dollars)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
4,624,187 |
|
|
$ |
(600,633 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,129,704 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash
provided by operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
370,781 |
|
|
|
1,183,662 |
|
|
|
2,946,340 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
129,833 |
|
|
|
301,941 |
|
|
|
973,953 |
|
Deferred taxes |
|
|
322,289 |
|
|
|
(40,081 |
) |
|
|
(737,712 |
) |
Loss on disposal of property and equipment |
|
|
9,686 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
84,796 |
|
Loss from impairment of cost method investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,322,000 |
|
|
|
11,127,000 |
|
Gain from disposal of cost method investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(116,071 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Minority interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15,477 |
) |
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
(110,773 |
) |
|
|
122,363 |
|
|
|
37,377 |
|
Income taxes recoverable |
|
|
14,573 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
(799,572 |
) |
|
|
334,687 |
|
|
|
(1,786,912 |
) |
Advances to employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,672,575 |
) |
Trust bank balances held on behalf of customers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(465,101 |
) |
Rental deposits |
|
|
(10,657 |
) |
|
|
(31,955 |
) |
|
|
(403,912 |
) |
Deferred revenue |
|
|
(1,627,937 |
) |
|
|
3,840,892 |
|
|
|
17,509,161 |
|
Account payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30,297 |
) |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
|
95,997 |
|
|
|
(388,662 |
) |
|
|
4,566,829 |
|
Amounts due to customers for the trust bank balance
held on their behalf |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
465,101 |
|
Income taxes payable |
|
|
40,762 |
|
|
|
(36,041 |
) |
|
|
(43,267 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
3,059,169 |
|
|
|
5,892,102 |
|
|
|
28,425,600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of property and equipment |
|
|
(234,696 |
) |
|
|
(1,042,423 |
) |
|
|
(3,836,412 |
) |
Acquisition of businesses (net of cash acquired of $828,494,
for the year ended December 31, 2006, and $2,631,008
for the year ended December 31, 2007) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8,346,856 |
) |
|
|
(993,845 |
) |
Proceeds from partial sale of cost method investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,187,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition of cost investment |
|
|
(15,000,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(15,234,696 |
) |
|
|
(8,201,779 |
) |
|
|
(4,830,257 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from stock options exercised by employees |
|
|
276,976 |
|
|
|
66,843 |
|
|
|
2,366,697 |
|
Proceeds from exercise of options granted to non-employee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,800 |
|
|
|
859,120 |
|
Repurchase of ordinary shares |
|
|
(13,200,394 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
|
|
(12,923,418 |
) |
|
|
75,643 |
|
|
|
3,225,817 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of exchange rate changes |
|
|
671,133 |
|
|
|
1,021,202 |
|
|
|
2,952,320 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
(24,427,812 |
) |
|
|
(1,212,832 |
) |
|
|
29,773,480 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year |
|
|
70,596,197 |
|
|
|
46,168,385 |
|
|
|
44,955,553 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year |
|
$ |
46,168,385 |
|
|
|
44,955,553 |
|
|
|
74,729,033 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Income taxes paid |
|
$ |
93,977 |
|
|
$ |
36,089 |
|
|
$ |
38,761 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-6
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
China Finance Online Co. Limited (China Finance Online or the Company) was incorporated
in Hong Kong on November 2, 1998. China Finance Online and its subsidiaries including its
variable interest entities (collectively, the Group) are principally engaged in the sale
of online financial services analyzing financial and listed company information in the
Peoples Republic of China (PRC). The services are provided through proprietary research
tools on their website www.jrj.com and www.stockstar.com.
Details of China Finance Onlines subsidiaries and variable interest entities as of December
31, 2007 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Date of |
|
Beneficial |
|
|
Place of |
|
incorporation or |
|
ownership |
Company name |
|
incorporation |
|
establishment |
|
interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
China Finance Online (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (CFO Beijing) |
|
Beijing, PRC |
|
Jul.9, 1998 |
|
100% |
Fortune Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (CFO Software) |
|
Beijing, PRC |
|
Dec.7, 2004 |
|
100% |
Beijing Fuhua Innovation Technology Investment Co., Ltd. (CFO Fuhua)* |
|
Beijing, PRC |
|
Dec.31, 2000 |
|
100% |
Beijing CFO Premium Technology Co., Ltd. (CFO Premium)* |
|
Beijing, PRC |
|
Aug.31, 2007 |
|
100% |
Beijing CFO Glory Technology Co., Ltd. (CFO Glory)* |
|
Beijing, PRC |
|
Sep.11, 2007 |
|
100% |
Fortune (Beijing) Wisdom Technology Co., Ltd. (CFO Wisdom) |
|
Beijing, PRC |
|
Oct.16, 2007 |
|
100% |
Fortune (Beijing) Success Technology Co., Ltd. (CFO Success) |
|
Beijing, PRC |
|
Oct.16, 2007 |
|
100% |
Shenzhen Genius Information Technology Co., Ltd. (CFO Genius) (Note 3) |
|
Shenzhen, PRC |
|
Sep.21, 2006 |
|
100% |
Jujin Software (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (CFO Jujin) |
|
Shenzhen, PRC |
|
Mar.9, 2007 |
|
100% |
Shanghai Meining Computer Software Co., Ltd. (CFO Meining) (Note 3) |
|
Shanghai, PRC |
|
Oct.1, 2006 |
|
100% |
Stockstar Information Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (CFO Stockstar) (Note 3) |
|
Shanghai, PRC |
|
Oct.1, 2006 |
|
100% |
Zhengning Information & Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (CFO Zhengning) |
|
Shanghai, PRC |
|
Jan.31, 2007 |
|
100% |
FNG International Holdings Limited (CFO FNG) |
|
BVI |
|
Jul.16, 2007 |
|
100% |
Giant Bright International Holdings Limited (CFO Giant Bright) |
|
BVI |
|
Jul.16, 2007 |
|
100% |
Mount First Investments Limited (CFO Mount First) |
|
BVI |
|
Jul.23, 2007 |
|
100% |
Team Gear Limited (CFO Team Gear) |
|
HongKong, PRC |
|
Oct.22, 2007 |
|
100% |
Kinco Limited (CFO Kinco) |
|
HongKong, PRC |
|
Oct.22, 2007 |
|
100% |
Danford (H.K) Limited (CFO Danford) |
|
HongKong, PRC |
|
Nov.30, 2007 |
|
100% |
Daily Growth Securities Limited (CFO Daily Growth) (Note 3) |
|
HongKong, PRC |
|
Nov.23, 2007 |
|
85% |
|
|
|
* |
|
Represents variable interest entity (VIE) |
PRC regulations prohibit direct foreign ownership of business entities providing certain
services in PRC, such as internet content service. China Finance Online and its wholly owned
subsidiaries, CFO Beijing and CFO software are foreign or foreign invested enterprise under
PRC law and accordingly are ineligible for certain operations. In order to comply with
these regulations, the Group established CFO Fuhua, CFO Premium and CFO Glory three variable
interest entities, (the VIEs), as VIE is defined by the Financial Accounting Standards
Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 46 (revised) (FIN 46(R)) through designated equity
owners who are PRC citizens and legally own the VIEs.
F-7
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES continued
CFO Fuhua
In 2000, the Company established CFO Fuhua, through two equity owners who are PRC citizens
designated by the Company and legally own CFO Fuhua.
In 2004, China Finance Online signed a series of agreements with CFO Fuhua and its
shareholders that provide the Group with the substantial ability to control CFO Fuhua.
Pursuant to these contractual arrangements with CFO Fuhua, China Finance Online provides
equipment, services and a domain name license to CFO Fuhua in exchange for fees. China
Finance Online has the right to determine the amount of these fee and they are intended to
transfer substantially all of the economic benefits of CFO Fuhua to the Company. The
principal equipment lease, services and domain name license agreements that the Group has
entered into with CFO Fuhua include:
|
|
|
an equipment leasing agreement, pursuant to which CFO Fuhua leases a substantial
majority of its operating assets from CFO Beijing; |
|
|
|
|
a technical support agreement, pursuant to which CFO Beijing provides technical
support for CFO Fuhuas operations; |
|
|
|
|
an amended and restated strategic consulting agreement, pursuant to which CFO
Beijing provides strategic consulting services to CFO Fuhua, including consulting
services in relation to CFO Fuhuas online advertising business; and |
|
|
|
|
a domain name licensing agreement, pursuant to which CFO Beijing licenses to CFO
Fuhua its domain name, www.jrj.com.cn. |
As a result of a Ministry of Information Industry circular issued in 2006 regulating among
other things the ownership of domain names by foreign invested value-added
telecommunications businesses (including Internet and wireless content providers), China
Finance Online and CFO Beijing transferred ownership of the domain names, www.jrj.com and
www.jrj.com.cn, to CFO Fuhua and terminated its licensing arrangements regarding
www.jrj.com.cn.
China Finance Online has the right to determine the amount of these fees and they are
intended to transfer substantially all of the economic benefits of CFO Fuhua to the
Company.
In addition, China Finance Online has entered into agreements with CFO Fuhua and its
shareholders that provide CFO Beijing with the substantial ability to control CFO Fuhua.
Pursuant to these contractual arrangements:
|
|
|
the shareholders of CFO Fuhua have granted China Finance Online or individuals
designated by China Finance Online an irrevocable proxy to exercise all their voting
rights as shareholders of CFO Fuhua, including the right to appoint directors, the
general manager and other senior management of CFO Fuhua; |
F-8
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES continued
CFO Fuhua continued
|
|
|
CFO Fuhua will not enter into any transaction that may materially affect its
assets, liabilities, equity or operations without China Finance Onlines prior written
consent; |
|
|
|
|
CFO Fuhua will not distribute any dividends; |
|
|
|
|
China Finance Online may purchase the entire equity interest in, or all the assets
of, CFO Fuhua at a price equal to the total principal amount of the loan lent by the
Company to the owners of CFO Fuhua when and if such purchase is permitted by PRC law
or the current shareholders of CFO Fuhua cease to be directors or employees of CFO
Fuhua; |
|
|
|
|
the shareholders of CFO Fuhua have pledged their equity interest in CFO Fuhua to
CFO Beijing to secure the payment obligations of CFO Fuhua under the equipment leasing
agreement, the technical support agreement and the amended and restated strategic
consulting agreement between CFO Beijing and CFO Fuhua; and |
|
|
|
|
the shareholders of CFO Fuhua will not transfer, sell, pledge, dispose of or create
any encumbrance on their equity interest in CFO Fuhua without the prior written
consent of CFO Beijing. |
Each of the contractual arrangement with CFO Fuhua and its shareholders can only be amended
with the approval of our audit committee or another independent body of China Finance
Onlines board of directors.
China Finance Online made a loan to each of two owners of CFO Fuhua solely for the purposes
of capitalizing CFO Fuhua. Pursuant to the loan agreements, these loans can only be repaid
by transferring all of their interests in CFO Fuhua to China Finance Online or a third
party designated by China Finance Online. While Hong Kong law limits the maximum interest
payment chargeable under a loan to 60% of the outstanding principal amount per annum, China
Finance Online does not believe this limitation will have a material adverse effect on its
business and operations, or will result in a material amount being paid to the shareholders
of CFO Fuhua if and when they are permitted to transfer their interests in CFO Fuhua to
China Finance Online. China Finance Online does not regard the shareholders of CFO Fuhua
as having any interest in CFO Fuhua.
China Finance Online made a loan to CFO Fuhua in 2006 to finance its acquisition of
RMB12,000,000.
F-9
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES continued
CFO Premium and CFO Glory
In 2007, the Group established CFO Premium and CFO Glory through equity owners who are PRC
citizens designated by the Company and own CFO Premium and CFO Glory.
CFO Software signed a series of agreements with CFO Premium and CFO Glory and its
shareholders that provide the Group with the substantial ability to control CFO Premium and
CFO Glory. Pursuant to these contractual arrangements with, CFO Software provides services
to CFO Premium and CFO Glory in exchange for fees. The principal services agreements that
CFO Software has entered into with CFO Premium and CFO Glory include:
|
|
|
strategic consulting services agreement, pursuant to which the amount of the fee to
be charged is 30% of CFO Premium and CFO Glorys income before tax ; |
|
|
|
|
technical support services agreement, pursuant to which the amount of the fee to be
charged is 30% of CFO Premium and CFO Glorys income before tax; |
|
|
|
|
operating support services agreement, pursuant to which the amount of the fee to be
charged is 40% of CFO Premium and CFO Glorys income before tax; |
CFO Software has the right to receive substantially all of the economic benefits of CFO
Premium and CFO Glory to the Group.
In addition, CFO Software has entered into agreements with CFO Premium and CFO Glory and
its shareholders that provide CFO Software with the substantial ability to control CFO
Premium and CFO Glory. Pursuant to these contractual arrangements:
|
|
|
the shareholders of CFO Premium and CFO Glory have granted CFO Software or
individuals designated by CFO Software an irrevocable proxy to exercise all their
voting rights as shareholders of CFO Premium and CFO Glory, including the right to
appoint directors, the general manager and other senior management of CFO Premium and
CFO Glory; |
|
|
|
|
CFO Premium and CFO Glory will not enter into any transaction that may materially
affect its assets, liabilities, equity or operations without CFO Softwares prior
written consent; |
|
|
|
|
CFO Premium and CFO Glory will not distribute any dividends; |
|
|
|
|
CFO Premium and CFO Glory may purchase the entire equity interest in, or all the
assets of, CFO Premium and CFO Glory at a price equal to the total principal amount of
the loan lent by the Company to the owners of CFO Premium and CFO Glory when and if
such purchase is permitted by PRC law or the current shareholders of CFO Premium and
CFO Glory cease to be directors or employees of CFO Premium and CFO Glory; |
F-10
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES continued
CFO Premium and CFO Glory continued
|
|
|
the shareholders of CFO Premium and CFO Glory will not transfer, sell, pledge,
dispose of or create any encumbrance on their equity interest in CFO Premium and CFO
Glory without the prior written consent of CFO Software. |
CFO Software also made loans to the shareholders of CFO Premium and CFO Glory solely for
the purposes of capitalizing CFO Premium and CFO Glory. Pursuant to the loan agreements,
these loans can only be repaid by transferring all of their interests in CFO Premium and
CFO Glory to CFO Software or a third party designated by CFO Software.
Through the contractual agreements described above, CFO Fuhua, CFO Premium and CFO Glory
are VIEs in accordance with FIN 46R because the equity owners (1) lack the right to receive
the expected residual returns of the VIEs, (2) lack the ability to make decisions about the
VIEs activities that have a significant effect on their success, and (3) substantially all
of the VIEs businesses are conducted on behalf of the Group. The Group is the primary
beneficiary of the VIEs because it holds all the variable interests in the VIEs. As a
result, the accounts and operations of the VIEs are included in the accompanying
consolidated financial statements effective as of the date of the above agreements.
Because the Company and the VIEs are under common control by the same shareholders, the
VIEs are accounted for as common control transfer and are consolidated on a carryover
basis.
The VIEs and the following financial statement amounts and balances were included in the
accompanying consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31,
2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
CFO Fuhua |
|
|
CFO Fuhua |
|
|
CFO Premium |
|
|
CFO Glory |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
3,294,204 |
|
|
$ |
3,215,556 |
|
|
$ |
617,495 |
|
|
$ |
13,838,596 |
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
2,915,166 |
|
|
|
3,865,930 |
|
|
|
480,708 |
|
|
|
13,709,484 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
|
CFO Fuhua |
|
CFO Fuhua |
|
CFO Fuhua |
|
CFO Premium |
|
CFO Glory |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenue |
|
|
1,222,747 |
|
|
|
1,286,614 |
|
|
|
1,022,735 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
|
435 |
|
|
|
(4,999 |
) |
|
|
(1,013,166 |
) |
|
|
(296 |
) |
|
|
(7,828 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-11
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP).
Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of China Finance
Online, its subsidiaries and its variable interest entities All inter-company transactions
and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments which are
unrestricted as to withdrawal or use, and which have remaining maturities of three months
or less when purchased.
Trust bank balances held on behalf of customers
CFO Daily Growth receives fund from customers for purpose of buying or selling securities
on behalf of its customers and deposits the fund in its interest-bearing bank account.
Such bank balance represents an asset of the Company and is recorded as amounts due to
customers for the trust bank balance held on their behalf and payable to customers on
demand. The Company recognizes a corresponding liability.
Advance to employees
The Group has made advances to certain individuals to enable them to participate in stock
trading in the Stock Exchange Campaign which was launched by the Group for marketing
purposes. The balances represent $nil and $1,672,575 as of December 31, 2006 and 2007,
respectively, and are repayable to the Group on demand.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and revenue and expenses in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant
accounting estimates reflected in the Groups financial statements include collectibility
of account receivable, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, fair value of stock
option and non-vested shares, useful lives and impairment of property and equipment, and
impairment of cost method investment and goodwill. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
F-12
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment, net are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation.
Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful
lives:
|
|
|
Technology infrastructure
|
|
5 years |
Computer equipment
|
|
5 years |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
|
|
5 years |
Motor vehicle
|
|
5 years |
Leasehold improvements
|
|
Shorter of the lease term or 5 years |
Acquired intangible assets, net
Acquired intangible assets consists of intangible assets other than goodwill acquired
through various acquisitions as described in note 3 and are amortized on a straight-line
basis over their expected useful economic lives.
If an intangible asset is determined to have an indefinite useful life, it is should not be
amortized until its useful life is determined to be no longer indefinite. The Group
reviews intangible assets remaining useful lives in each reporting period. If such an
asset is later determined to have a finite useful life, the asset will be tested for
impairment. That asset will then be amortized prospectively over its estimated remaining
useful life and accounted for in the same way as intangible assets subject to amortization.
The Group evaluates the recoverability of identifiable intangible assets with determinable
useful lives whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an intangible
assets carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Group measures the carrying amount of
an intangible asset against the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with
it. Impairment exists when the sum of the expected future net cash flows is less than the
carrying value of the asset being evaluated. Impairment loss is calculated as the amount
by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. Fair value is estimated
based on various valuation techniques, including the discounted value of estimated future
cash flows. The evaluation of asset impairment requires the Group to make assumptions
about future cash flows over the life of the asset being evaluated. These assumptions
require significant judgment and actual results may differ from assumed and estimated
amounts. During the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, the Group did not record
any impairment losses associated with intangible assets.
An intangible asset that is not subject to amortization is tested for impairment at least
annually if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.
Such impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair values of the assets with their
carrying amounts and an impairment loss is recognized if and when the carrying amounts
exceed the fair values. The estimates of fair values of intangible assets not subject to
amortization are determined using various discounted cash flow valuation methodologies.
Significant assumptions are inherent in this process, including estimates of discount
rates. Discount rate assumptions are based on an assessment of the risk inherent in the
respective intangible assets. During the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, the
Group did not record any impairment losses associated with intangible assets.
F-13
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Impairment of long-lived assets
The Group reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may no longer be recoverable.
When these events occur, the Group measures impairment by comparing the carrying value of
the long-lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result
from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected
undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the Group would
recognize an impairment loss based on the fair value of the assets. There were no
impairment losses in the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007.
Goodwill
The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded on
the consolidated balance sheet as goodwill.
The Group tests goodwill annually following a two-step process in accordance with SFAS No.
142. The first step compares the fair values of each reporting unit to its carrying
amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of each reporting unit exceeds its carrying
amount, goodwill is not considered to be impaired and the second step will not be required.
If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step
compares the implied fair value of goodwill to the carrying value of a reporting units
goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in a manner similar to
accounting for a business combination with the allocation of the assessed fair value
determined in the first step to the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. The
excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the amounts assigned to the assets and
liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss is recognized for
any excess in the carrying value of goodwill over the implied fair value of goodwill.
The Group performs goodwill impairment tests annually on December 31 by comparing the book
value to the fair value of each reporting unit. Based on the Groups assessment, there was
no impairment of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007.
F-14
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Revenue recognition
The Group generates revenue primarily from annual subscription fees from subscribers to
their financial data and information services including their downloadable proprietary
research tools. The Group recognizes revenues when all of the following criteria are met:
(1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) delivery has occurred, (3) the fee is
fixed or determinable and (4) collectibility is probable. Upon receipt of the upfront cash
payments from the subscriber, the Group will activate the subscribers account and provide
the subscriber the access code. This will commence a certain subscription period according
to the customer demand and the full payment will be deferred and recognized ratably over
the one-year subscription period. Since the Group does not have sufficient vendor specific
objective evidence to allocate revenue to the various elements of the arrangement, the
Group recognizes revenue ratably over the life of the arrangement.
The Group provides short messaging services (SMS) which are delivered primarily through
intermediary companies licensed to provide SMS services on behalf of mobile phone service
providers. The Group evaluates the criteria outlined in EITF No. 99-19, Reporting Revenue
Gross as Principal Versus Net as an Agent, in determining whether it is appropriate to
record the gross amount of revenues and related costs or the net amount earned after
deducting service and network fees paid to the mobile phone service providers. The Group
records the gross amounts billed to its customers when the Group is the primary obligor in
these transactions as it has latitude in establishing prices, is involved in the
determination of the service specifications and has the right to select suppliers. When
recording the gross revenue, the Group measures its revenues based on the total amount paid
by its customers, for which the mobile phone service provider bills and collects on the
Groups behalf. Accordingly, the 15-35% service fee paid to the mobile phone service
provider is included in the cost of revenues.
The Group generally derives its advertising fees from advertising sales on their Website
principally for a fixed period of time, generally less than one year. Revenues from
advertising arrangements are recognized ratably over the period the advertising is
displayed.
The Group also derives its commission from its brokerage services provided by the newly
acquired subsidiary, CFO Daily Growth, which buys or sells securities on their customers
behalf. The commission income is recognized on a trade date basis as securities
transactions occur.
F-15
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Business taxes and value added taxes
Revenue is recorded net of business taxes when incurred. The Group is subject to business
taxes of approximately 5% on taxable services provided to its customers. During the years
ended December 31, 2005, 2006, and 2007, business taxes totaled $144,590, $208,559, and
$667,400 respectively.
The Groups PRC subsidiaries are subject to value added tax at a rate of 17% on
subscription-based revenue. Value added tax payable on subscription-based revenue is
computed net of value added tax paid on purchases. In respect of subscription-based
revenue, however, if the net amount of value added tax payable exceeds 3% of
subscription-based revenue, the excess portion of value added tax can be refunded
immediately. The Group therefore is subject to an effective net value added tax burden of
3% from subscription-based revenue and records value added tax on a net basis. Net amount
of value added tax is recorded either in the line item of other current liabilities or
prepaid expenses and other current assets on the face of consolidated balance sheet.
Subscription-based revenue includes the benefit of the rebate of value added taxes on sale
of the downloadable software received from the Chinese tax authorities as part of the PRC
government policy of encouraging software development in the PRC. In 2005, 2006 and 2007,
the Group recognized $708,613, $516,773, and $2,233,528, respectively, in value added tax
refunds.
Government subsidies
The Group records government subsidies when received from local government authority and
are not subject to future return or reimbursement. Government subsidies received totaled
$nil, $nil and $135,834 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
Deferred revenue
Payments receive in advance of service are recorded as deferred revenue until earned and
when the relevant revenue recognition requirements have been met.
Cost method investment
In December 2005, the Group purchased 9,800,000 Series B preferred shares in a private
company, Moloon International Inc., (Moloon) for $15,000,000, which represents a 25%
interest in Moloon on an if-converted basis. China Finance Onlines investment in these
preferred shares is not in-substance common stock, and accordingly, the investment has been
recorded as a cost method investment. As Moloon does not have readily determinable fair
value, the Group carries the investment at cost and only adjusted for other-than-temporary
declines in fair value and distributions of earnings. The management regularly evaluates
the impairment of the cost method investment based on performance and the financial
position of the investee as well as other evidence of market value. Such evaluation
includes, but is not limited to, reviewing the investees cash position, recent financings,
projected and historical financial performance, cash flow forecasts and financing needs.
An impairment loss is recognized in earnings equal to the difference between the
investments cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for
which the assessment is made. The fair value of the investment would then become the new
cost basis of the investment. The Group recorded an other-than-temporary impairment charge
totaling $1,322,000 during the year ended December 31, 2006, and $11,127,000 during the
year ended December 31, 2007. No impairment charges were recorded during the year ended
December 31, 2005.
F-16
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Foreign currency translation
The functional currency of China Finance Onlines subsidiaries and variable interest
entities is Renminbi (RMB) except CFO Daily Growth, of which the functional currency is
Hong Kong dollar. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in other currencies are
translated into the applicable functional currencies at rates of exchange in effect at the
balance sheet date. Nonmonetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into the applicable
functional currencies at historical exchange rates and transactions denominated in other
currencies are translated using the average rate for the year. Exchange gains and losses
are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations.
China Finance Online uses the U.S. dollar as its functional and reporting currency.
Accordingly assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rates in effect on the
balance sheet date. Transactions in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated
using the average exchange rate prevailing in the period when transactions occurred.
Translation adjustments are reported as cumulative transition adjustments and are shown as
a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) in the accompanying consolidated
statements of shareholders equity and comprehensive income (loss).
Foreign currency risk
The RMB is not a freely convertible currency. The State Administration for Foreign
Exchange, under the authority of the Peoples Bank of China, controls the conversion of
Renminbi into foreign currencies. The value of the RMB is subject to changes in central
government policies and to international economic and political developments affecting
supply and demand in the China Foreign Exchange Trading System market. Cash and cash
equivalents of the Group included aggregate amounts of $39,197,490 and $51,150,706 at
December 31, 2006 and 2007 which were denominated in RMB.
Cost of raw data
Cost of raw data is expensed as incurred and is recorded in cost of revenues.
Product development expenses
Costs of product development, including database technology, are expensed as incurred until
technological feasibility has been established, at which time any additional costs would be
capitalized. To date, the Group has essentially completed its development concurrently
with the establishment of technological feasibility, and, accordingly, no costs have been
capitalized.
F-17
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Advertising costs
The Group expenses advertising costs as incurred. Total advertising expenses were
$1,389,899, $921,365, and $158,631 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007,
respectively, and have been included as part of sales and marketing expenses.
Income taxes
Deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the tax basis of
assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements, net operating
loss carry forwards and credits by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future
years. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of
management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets
will not be realized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of
the relevant taxing authorities.
In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Interpretation No. 48
(FIN 48), Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB
Statement No. 109. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for
the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to
be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2006, with early adoption permitted. The Group adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007, the
adoption of FIN 48 did not result in a cumulative adjustment on January 1, 2007 and had no
significant impact on the Groups accounting for income taxes for the year ended December
31, 2007. The Group did not incur any interest and penalties related to potential underpaid
income tax expenses. The management does not expect to have a significant increase or
decrease on the unrecognized tax benefits within 12 months from December 31, 2007.
Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income includes net income (loss) and foreign currency translation
adjustments. Comprehensive income is reported as a component of the consolidated statements
of shareholders equity and comprehensive income.
Fair value of financial instruments
Financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable and accounts
payable. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable
approximate their fair value due to their short-term maturities. The Group does not use
derivative instruments to manage risks.
F-18
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Concentrations of credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially expose the Group to concentrations of credit risk
consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Group places
its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions with high-credit ratings and
quality.
The Group conducts ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not
require collateral or other security from its customers. The Group manages its credit risk
by collecting up-front retainers from its customers and billing at regular intervals during
the contract period. The Group assesses the adequacy of allowance for doubtful accounts
primarily based upon the age of the receivables and factors surrounding the credit risk of
specific customers.
There were no customers with 10% or more of the Groups revenues and accounts receivable
during 2005, 2006, or 2007.
Stock-based compensation
Effective January 1, 2006, the Group adopted the fair value recognition provisions of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based
Payment (SFAS 123(R)), using the modified prospective transition method. Under this
method, stock-based compensation expense recognized beginning January 1, 2006 includes: (a)
compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted prior to, but not yet
vested as of January 1, 2006 based on the fair market value as of the grant date, measured
in accordance with SFAS 123, and (b) compensation expense for all stock-based compensation
awards granted on or subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on grant-date fair vale estimated
in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R). The Group recognizes stock-based
compensation costs on an accelerated method over the requisite service period which is
generally the vesting period.
For options vested prior to January 1, 2006, the Group accounted for share-based
compensation plans in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, as amended (APB 25). Accordingly, the Group
recognized compensation expense only when options were granted with a discounted exercise
price. The compensation expense was recognized ratably over the requisite service period,
which was generally the vesting period of the options.
Income (loss) per share
Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted
average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income (loss) per
ordinary share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other
contracts to issue ordinary shares were exercised or converted into ordinary shares.
F-19
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Recent accounting standards
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements which provides
enhanced guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 also
responds to investors requests for expanded information about the extent to which companies
measure assets and liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value,
and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings. SFAS No. 157 applies whenever other
standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. SFAS No.
157 does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. SFAS No. 157 is
effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007
(fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for all nonrecurring fair value measurements
of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities) and interim periods within those fiscal
years. The Group is currently evaluating whether the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have a
material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets
and Financial Liabilities, Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115. SFAS No. 159
provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at
fair value. SFAS No. 159 requires companies to provide additional information that will
help investors and other users of financial statements to more easily understand the effect
of the Groups choice to use fair value on its earnings. It also requires entities to
display the fair value of those assets and liabilities for which a Group has chosen to use
fair value on the face of the balance sheet. SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning
of an entitys first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. The Group is currently
evaluating whether the adoption of SFAS No. 159 will have a significant effect on its
consolidated results of operations and financial position.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, Business Combination, to improve
reporting creating greater consistency in the accounting and financial reporting of business
combinations. The standard requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to
recognize all (and only) the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction;
establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets
acquired and liabilities assumed; and requires the acquirer to disclose to investors and
other users all of the information they need to evaluate and understand the nature and
financial effect of the business combination. SFAS No. 141R applies prospectively to
business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the
first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not
apply it before that date. The Group is currently evaluating whether the adoption of SFAS
No. 141R will have a significant effect on its consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
F-20
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
Recent accounting standards continued
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated
Financial Statements to improves the relevance, comparability, and transparency of
financial information provided to investors by requiring all entities to report
noncontrolling (minority) interests in subsidiaries in the same way as required in the
consolidated financial statements. Moreover, SFAS No. 160 eliminates the diversify that
currently exists in accounting for transactions between an entity and noncontrolling
interests by requiring they be treated as equity transaction. SFAS No. 160 is effective for
fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December
15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. The Group is currently evaluating whether the
adoption of SFAS No. 160 will have a significant effect on its consolidated financial
position, results of operations or cash flows.
In March 2008, The FASB issued FASB Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities. The new standard is intended to improve financial
reporting about derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced
disclosures to enable investors to better understand their effects on an entitys financial
position, financial performance, and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements
issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early
application encouraged. The Group has not yet begun the process of assessing the potential
impact of the adoption of FASB No. 161 may have on its consolidated financial position or
results of operations.
3. ACQUISITIONS
To expand in markets during 2006 and 2007, China Finance Online made a number of
acquisitions of businesses. Each acquisition has been recorded using the purchase method of
accounting, and accordingly the acquired assets and liabilities were recorded at their fair
values on the dates of acquisitions and the results of their operations have been included
in the Groups results of operations since the dates of their acquisitions. The fair values
of the assets and liabilities acquired were estimated using a combination of valuation
methods, such as income approach, market approach and cost approach method,
considering, among other factors, forecasted financial performance of the acquired business,
market performance, and market potential of the acquired business in China.
F-21
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
3. ACQUISITIONS continued
Acquisition of CFO Daily Growth
On November 23, 2007, China Finance Online acquired 85% of the equity interest in CFO Daily
Growth, which is a licensed securities brokerage firm with a history of 36 years and
primarily engages in the business of providing brokerage services. With the acquisition of
CFO Daily Growth, the Group is able to provide a diversified portfolio of brokerage and
other related services to its customers. For the acquisition, the total cash consideration
was $3,624,853, including $706,371 in transaction costs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase Price allocation (preliminary): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
2,631,008 |
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
998,320 |
|
|
|
|
|
Trust bank balance held on behalf of customers |
|
|
2,391,925 |
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid and other current assets |
|
|
55,761 |
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
26,100 |
|
|
|
|
|
Account payable |
|
|
(350,261 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Amount due to customers for the trust bank balance
held on their behalf |
|
|
(2,391,925 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
|
(57,137 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Income tax payable |
|
|
(49,225 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities |
|
|
(9,562 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Minority interest |
|
|
(488,186 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Acquired intangible asset: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock Exchange Trading Right |
|
|
54,642 |
|
|
Indefinite |
Goodwill |
|
|
813,393 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
3,624,853 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Daily Growth has been identified as a reporting unit for goodwill allocation purposes
and the goodwill arising from this acquisition is fully allocated to this reporting unit.
F-22
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
3. ACQUISITIONS continued
Acquisition of CFO Genius
On September 21, 2006 China Finance Online entered into an agreement to acquire all the
equity interest in CFO Genius, CFO Genius engages in the business of constructing and
maintaining financial information databases and providing networked information solution.
It was the first company of its kind in China to build databases and to provide electronic
information networks for domestic securities and investment firms at the time of its
establishment in 1994. The acquisition is expected to strengthen the Groups position in
the industry and provide future opportunities to develop database products. CFO-Genius is a
financial information database provider primarily serving domestic securities and investment
firms, for a total cash consideration of $1,040,081, including $40,081 in transaction costs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase price allocation: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
35,802 |
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
14,174 |
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid and other current assets |
|
|
14,023 |
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
42,506 |
|
|
3-5 years |
Acquired intangible assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed technology |
|
|
332,545 |
|
|
5.3 years |
Trademark |
|
|
75,866 |
|
|
Indefinite |
Customer relationships |
|
|
117,592 |
|
|
5.3 years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets acquired |
|
|
632,508 |
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
(361,361 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
|
(231,904 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities related to acquired
intangible assets |
|
|
(67,520 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net liabilities |
|
|
(28,277 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
|
1,068,358 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,040,081 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Genius has been identified as a reporting unit for goodwill allocation purposes and the
goodwill arising from this acquisition is fully allocated to this reporting unit.
F-23
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
3. ACQUISITIONS continued
Acquisition of CFO Meining and CFO Stockstar
On October 1, 2006, China Finance Online acquired two companies to expand its business in
China. The Group acquired all the equity interests of CFO Stockstar and CFO Meining.
Stockstar is a leading finance and securities website in China, it will alter China Finance
Onlines overall composition. For the acquisition, total cash consideration was $8,135,269
including transaction costs of $117,953. The following table summarizes the estimated fair
values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase price allocation: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
792,692 |
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
432,753 |
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
78,298 |
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment |
|
|
297,024 |
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired intangible assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trademark |
|
|
652,446 |
|
|
Indefinite |
Completed technology |
|
|
402,089 |
|
|
5.3 years |
Agreements with mobile operators |
|
|
10,495 |
|
|
3 years |
Customer relationships |
|
|
475,426 |
|
|
4.3 years |
Value-added service license |
|
|
23,392 |
|
|
3.3 years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets acquired |
|
|
3,164,615 |
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
(222,868 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
|
(1,702,727 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities related to acquired
intangible assets |
|
|
(136,710 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net assets |
|
|
1,102,310 |
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
|
7,032,959 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
8,135,269 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Meining and CFO Stockstar have been identified as a single reporting unit for goodwill
allocation purposes and the goodwill arising from this acquisition is fully allocated to
this reporting unit.
F-24
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
3. ACQUISITIONS continued
The following summarized unaudited pro forma results of operations for the years ended
December 31,2005, 2006 and 2007 assuming that all significant acquisitions during the year
ended December 31,2005, 2006 and 2007 occurred as of January 1, 2005, 2006 and 2007
respectively. These pro forma results have been prepared for comparative purposes only and
do not purport to be indicative of the results of operations which actually would have
resulted had the significant acquisitions occurred as of January 1, 2005, 2006 and 2007, nor
is it indicative of future operating results.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
10,915,618 |
|
|
$ |
10,671,796 |
|
|
$ |
26,930,986 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
2,136,433 |
|
|
$ |
(2,891,544 |
) |
|
$ |
235,997 |
|
Income per share basic |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income per share diluted |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
VAT refund receivable |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
844,800 |
|
Advances to suppliers |
|
|
181,913 |
|
|
|
809,221 |
|
Prepaid capital to be injected in VIE (note 1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
685,439 |
|
Interest receivable (note 2) |
|
|
415,441 |
|
|
|
216,947 |
|
Other current assets |
|
|
330,343 |
|
|
|
390,647 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
927,697 |
|
|
$ |
2,947,054 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. |
|
As of December 31, 2007, $685,439 had been held by the CEO, who is the
designated owner of CFO Fuhua, for the additional capital to be injected to CFO Fuhua. |
|
2. |
|
Interest receivable is interest earned from the Groups bank deposits. |
F-25
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
5. COST METHOD INVESTMENT
In December 2005, the Group purchased 9,800,000 Series B preferred shares in Moloon for
$15,000,000, which represents a 25% interest in Moloon on an if-converted basis. China
Finance Onlines investment in these preferred shares is not in-substance common stock, and
accordingly, the investment has been recorded as a cost method investment.
In April 2006, the Group sold part of its investment in Moloon to a third party for a cash
consideration of $1,187,500, resulting in a gain of $116,071 which has been recorded as a
non operating income in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As a result
of this disposal, the Groups investment in Moloons preferred shares decreases to 9,100,000
shares.
Moloon is a Chinese wireless technology and service provider. During the second half of
2006, China Mobile Communication Corporation announced policy changes which, among others,
required mobile value added service, or MVAS, providers to extend free trial periods for
customers prior to subscriptions and to send reminders to customers confirming new and
existing subscriptions. These policy changes had a substantial negative impact on Moloons
MVAS business. Consequently, following an independent valuation, the Group determined that
its investment in Moloon was impaired and recorded an impairment loss of $1,322,000 in the
accompanying consolidated statements of operations for 2006.
Thereafter, Moloon adopted new strategies to transform itself into a provider of mobile
online gaming services in China. However, despite the new strategies Moloons financial
conditions have deteriorated and, following an independent valuation of the Groups cost
method investment in Moloon, the Group determined that its investment in Moloon was further
impaired and recorded an additional impairment loss of $11,127,000 in 2007, reducing the
carrying balance of such investment to $1,479,571.
6. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment, net consisted of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Technology infrastructure |
|
$ |
1,277,972 |
|
|
$ |
3,360,909 |
|
Computer equipment |
|
|
255,246 |
|
|
|
1,036,325 |
|
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
|
|
354,488 |
|
|
|
894,783 |
|
Motor vehicle |
|
|
64,374 |
|
|
|
129,636 |
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
354,399 |
|
|
|
1,268,731 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,306,479 |
|
|
|
6,690,384 |
|
Less: accumulated depreciation |
|
|
(608,998 |
) |
|
|
(1,235,526 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,697,481 |
|
|
$ |
5,454,858 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006, and 2007 were $129,833,
$230,552, and $680,702, respectively.
F-26
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
7. ACQUIRED INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
Acquired intangible assets, net arose from the acquisitions of CFO Genius, CFO Meining,
CFO-Stockstar and CFO Daily Growth during 2006 and 2007 and consisted of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Intangible assets not subject to amortization: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trademarks |
|
|
737,638 |
|
|
|
789,625 |
|
Stock exchange trading right |
|
|
|
|
|
|
54,498 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets subject to amortization: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed technology |
|
$ |
744,042 |
|
|
$ |
796,480 |
|
Customer relationship |
|
|
600,612 |
|
|
|
642,941 |
|
Value-added service license |
|
|
23,692 |
|
|
|
25,361 |
|
Agreement with mobile operators |
|
|
10,629 |
|
|
|
11,378 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,116,613 |
|
|
|
2,320,283 |
|
Less: Accumulated amortization |
|
|
(71,389 |
) |
|
|
(382,106 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,045,224 |
|
|
$ |
1,938,177 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 was $nil, $71,389
and $293,251, respectively. Future amortization expenses of acquired intangible assets in
the next 5 years with determinable lives are $305,685, $305,117, $300,201, $183,051 and $nil
for 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively.
8. GOODWILL
Changes in goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of January 1, 2006 |
|
|
50,534 |
|
Acquisitions (Note 3): |
|
|
|
|
CFO Genius |
|
|
1,068,358 |
|
CFO Meining and CFO Stockstar |
|
|
7,032,959 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2006 |
|
|
8,151,851 |
|
Acquisition of CFO Daily Growth (Note 3) |
|
|
813,393 |
|
Exchange difference |
|
|
686,475 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2007 |
|
|
9,651,719 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-27
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
9. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued bonus |
|
$ |
598,388 |
|
|
$ |
1,956,670 |
|
Accrued professional service fees |
|
|
200,706 |
|
|
|
1,188,163 |
|
Withholding individual income tax-option exercise |
|
|
13,268 |
|
|
|
1,139,110 |
|
Value added taxes payable |
|
|
386,806 |
|
|
|
936,625 |
|
Other taxes payable |
|
|
56,811 |
|
|
|
440,149 |
|
Accrued raw data cost |
|
|
303,474 |
|
|
|
425,076 |
|
Accrued rental |
|
|
120,538 |
|
|
|
130,820 |
|
Accrued welfare benefits |
|
|
18,891 |
|
|
|
81,406 |
|
Others |
|
|
387,135 |
|
|
|
652,235 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,086,017 |
|
|
$ |
6,950,254 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. STOCK OPTIONS AND NONVESTED SHARES
As of December 31, 2007, the Company has two share-based compensation plans, which are
described below. The compensation cost that has been charged against income for those plans
was $370,781, $1,183,662, and $2,946,340 for 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively.
2004 Stock incentive plan
In January 2004, the Company adopted the 2004 stock incentive plan (the 2004 Plan) which
allows the Company to offer a variety of incentive awards to employees, directors, officers
and other eligible persons in the Group. Options to purchase 5,688,488 ordinary shares are
authorized under the Plan. In September 2004 and December 2006, the Company increased the
total number of ordinary shares available for issuance under the Plan by an additional
5,000,000 shares, respectively, resulting in a total of 15,688,488 options to purchase
ordinary shares under the Plan. Options are generally granted at a price equal to the fair
market value of the Companys shares at the date of grant. Prior to the Companys initial
public offering the market value of the ordinary shares underlying the stock option was
determined by the Board of Directors. As of December 31, 2007, options to purchase
10,557,568 shares of ordinary shares were outstanding. All of the options granted under the
Plan to our directors and managers have vesting period of one to four years, while options
granted under the Plan to our other employees vest over a period of three to five years.
The options we granted to consultants and advisers vested immediately upon grant or from two
to three years after grant. A specified portion of the shares subject to each option vests
at the end of the first year and the balance vests each quarter thereafter. The
amortization of options granted is based on the graded vesting schedule.
F-28
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
10. STOCK OPTIONS AND NONVESTED SHARES continued
2004 Stock incentive plan continued
Options to employees
In February 2005, the Company granted 4,053,000 stock options to directors, officers and
employees at an exercise price that equaled the trading price of the stock upon the stock
option grant. In November 2005, the Company granted 400,000 stock options to the Companys
CEO and 200,000 stock options to the Companys Vice President. The Company accounted for
these options under APB 25.
In July 2006, the Company granted an additional 400,000 stock options to the Companys CEO
and 300,000 stock options to the Chief Financial Officer. The exercise prices equaled the
trading price of the stock at the grant date of the option. These options are vested over 2
years.
During 2007, the Company granted totaling 3,848,000 stock options to directors, officers and
employees at an exercise price that equaled the trading price of the stock upon the stock
option grant. These options are vested over 3 years except the 400,000 shares granted to
the four directors in January 2007 are vested over 2 years. The fair value of employee
options is estimated on the basis of the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model with the
following assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average risk free rate of return |
|
|
5.24 |
% |
|
|
4.71 |
% |
Weighted average expected option life |
|
5.75 years |
|
5.96 years |
Volatility rate |
|
|
58.84 |
% |
|
|
59.92 |
% |
Dividend yield |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options to non-employees
The Company granted stock options to purchase up to 6,829,500 ordinary shares outside of the
2004 Plan, which vested immediately and 90,000 options to purchase ordinary shares under the
Plan to consultants and strategic advisors, which vested over 2 years in 2004. The Company
also granted 350,000 options under the 2004 Plan to consultants and strategy advisors in
2005. The fair value of non-employee options is estimated using the Black-Scholes Option
Pricing model as such method provided a more accurate estimate of the fair value of services
provided by the consultants and strategic advisers. The fair value of the stock options is
remeasured as of the end of each reporting period until the services of these non-employees
are complete under the service contracts.
F-29
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
10. STOCK OPTIONS AND NONVESTED SHARES continued
2004 Stock incentive plan continued
Options to non-employees continued
The following assumptions were used in the option pricing model:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options to non-employees: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average risk-free rate of return |
|
|
3.48 |
% |
|
|
4.70 |
% |
|
|
3.26 |
% |
Weighted average expected option life |
|
2.14 years |
|
5.76 years |
|
3.73 years |
Volatility |
|
|
56.96 |
% |
|
|
53.33 |
% |
|
|
51.85 |
% |
Dividend yield |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Summary of stock options to employees and non-employees
A summary of the stock option activity is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
average |
|
|
Number |
|
|
average |
|
|
Number |
|
|
average |
|
|
|
of options |
|
|
exercise price |
|
|
of options |
|
|
exercise price |
|
|
of options |
|
|
exercise price |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at beginning of year |
|
|
12,492,988 |
|
|
$ |
0.18 |
|
|
|
15,250,488 |
|
|
$ |
0.52 |
|
|
|
14,843,688 |
|
|
$ |
0.56 |
|
Granted |
|
|
5,003,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.29 |
|
|
|
700,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.07 |
|
|
|
3,848,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.07 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(1,731,500 |
) |
|
$ |
0.16 |
|
|
|
(473,000 |
) |
|
$ |
0.17 |
|
|
|
(7,746,280 |
) |
|
$ |
0.42 |
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(514,000 |
) |
|
$ |
1.05 |
|
|
|
(633,800 |
) |
|
$ |
0.69 |
|
|
|
(387,840 |
) |
|
$ |
0.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at end of year |
|
|
15,250,488 |
|
|
$ |
0.52 |
|
|
|
14,843,688 |
|
|
$ |
0.56 |
|
|
|
10,557,568 |
|
|
$ |
0.84 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares exercisable at end of year |
|
|
9,986,488 |
|
|
$ |
0.29 |
|
|
|
11,705,508 |
|
|
$ |
0.43 |
|
|
|
5,939,888 |
|
|
$ |
0.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-30
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
10. STOCK OPTIONS AND NONVESTED SHARES continued
2004 Stock incentive plan continued
Summary of stock options to employees and non-employees continued
The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options outstanding at
December 31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding |
|
|
Option exercisable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
intrinsic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
intrinsic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
average |
|
|
average |
|
|
value as of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
average |
|
|
value as of |
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
remaining |
|
|
exercise |
|
|
December 31 |
|
|
Number |
|
|
exercise |
|
|
December 31 |
|
|
|
outstanding |
|
|
contractual life |
|
|
price |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
exercisable |
|
|
price |
|
|
2007 |
|
Ordinary shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.16 |
|
|
3,373,988 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,069,988 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1.04 |
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1.31 |
|
|
1,846,580 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,700,900 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1.32 |
|
|
27,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1.12 |
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1.16 |
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1.07 |
|
|
700,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
350,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.96 |
|
|
3,240,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1.25 |
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$1.32 |
|
|
150,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$2.03 |
|
|
317,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$2.19 |
|
|
3,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,557,568 |
|
|
5.97 years |
|
$ |
0.83 |
|
|
$ |
3.55 |
|
|
|
5,939,888 |
|
|
$ |
0.68 |
|
|
$ |
3.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years 2005, 2006
and 2007 was $0.75, $0.63 and $0.64, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options
exercised during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 was $1,797,394, $796,348
and $25,541,496, respectively.
As of December 31, 2007, options to purchase 2,009,640 ordinary shares were available for
future grant.
Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for share-based compensation plans under Accounting
Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB 25), and
related Interpretations, as permitted by Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, (SFAS
123). Accordingly, the Company recognized compensation expense only when options were granted
with an exercise price below the fair value of the underlying shares. The compensation expense was
recognized ratably over the requisite service period, which was generally the vesting period of the
options.
F-31
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
10. STOCK OPTIONS AND NONVESTED SHARES continued
2004 Stock incentive plan continued
Summary of stock options to employees and non-employees continued
Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company provided pro forma disclosure amounts in accordance
with SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure
(SFAS 148), as if the fair value method defined by SFAS 123 had been applied to its
stock-based compensation. For purpose of this reconciliation, the Company added back all
stock-based employee compensation expense recorded in accordance with APB 25 in the
statement of operations, then deducted the stock-based employee compensation expense
determined under SFAS 123. The following table summarizes the reconciliations for the year
ended December 31, 2005.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended |
|
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income attributable to ordinary shareholders as reported: |
|
|
4,624,187 |
|
Add: Stock-based compensation as reported |
|
|
13,589 |
|
Less: Stock-based compensation determined
using the fair value method |
|
|
(1,935,649 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Pro forma income attributable to ordinary shareholders |
|
|
2,702,127 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic net income per share: |
|
|
|
|
As reported |
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma |
|
$ |
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted net income per share: |
|
|
|
|
As reported |
|
$ |
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma |
|
$ |
0.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
The fair value of each option and share granted is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions used for grants during
the applicable period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended |
Option grants |
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average risk-free rate of return |
|
|
3.37 |
% |
Weighted average expected option life |
|
2.94 years |
Volatility |
|
|
65.08 |
% |
Dividend yield |
|
|
|
|
F-32
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
10. STOCK OPTIONS AND NONVESTED SHARES continued
2004 Stock incentive plan continued
Summary of stock options to employees and non-employees continued
The Company recognizes the compensation costs net of a forfeiture rate. The estimate of
forfeitures will be adjusted over the requisite service period to the extent that actual
forfeitures differ or are expected to differ, from such estimates. Changes in estimated
forfeitures will be recognized through a cumulative catch-up adjustment in the period of
change and will also impact the amount of stock compensation expense to be recognized in
the future periods.
The Company granted additional options under the 2004 Plan with the right to purchase
ordinary shares 390,000 in January 2008 and 100,000 in March 2008 to employees.
2007 Equity incentive plan
In July 2007, the Company adopted the 2007 Equity incentive plan (the 2007 Plan) and
granted non-vested shares covering 10,558,493 ordinary shares of the Company to the
employees who are eligible for the 2007 Plan. The vesting of the non-vested shares are
subject to achieving certain financial performance targets and rendering service to the
Company for the requisite service period stated in the 2007 Plan.
The grant date fair value of a non-vested share is measured at the quoted market price of
the Companys equity shares. The non-vested shares shall become vested during the three
years following the grant date based on the Companys certain annual operating performance
goals for the years 2008 and 2009. The Company recognized a compensation expense of
$1,143,233 for the non-vested shares in 2007.
A summary of the status of the non-vested shares as of December 31, 2007, and changes
during the year ended December 31, 2007 is presented below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
Weighted- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
average |
|
average |
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
exercise |
|
grant date |
|
intrinsic |
Non-vested shares |
|
Shares |
|
price |
|
fair value |
|
value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of year 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted |
|
|
10,558,493 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.84 |
|
|
|
|
|
Vested |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At end of year 2007 |
|
|
10,558,493 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.84 |
|
|
|
46,246,199 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2007, there was $5.7 million of total unrecognized compensation cost
related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the 2007 Plan.
That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years.
F-33
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
11. INCOME TAXES
China Finance Online, CFO Team Gear, CFO Kinco and CFO Danford have not recorded tax
provision for Hong Kong tax purposes as these companies have no assessable profits arising
in or derived from Hong Kong. CFO Daily Growth is subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax at a
rate of 17.5%. For the year ended 2007, income tax benefit $23,757 for CFO Daily Growth
has been made in consolidated financial statements.
CFO FNG, CFO Giant Bright and CFO Mount First are tax-exempted companies incorporated in
the British Virgin Islands.
A summary of the tax concessions available to the PRC entities for the year ended December
31, 2007 is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chinese state |
|
Chinese |
|
Concession from |
|
Concession from |
|
Year of |
|
|
income |
|
local income |
|
Chinese State |
|
Chinese local |
|
commencement |
PRC entities |
|
tax rate |
|
tax rate |
|
unified income tax* |
|
income tax |
|
of tax holiday |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Beijing
|
|
|
24 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
Full exemption for the year
2003and 2004; 50% tax
relief from 2005 to 2007
|
|
Full exemption from 2003
to 2007
|
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Software
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
Full exemption from
2005 to 2007
|
|
Full exemption from
2005 to 2007
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Fuhua
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Meining
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
15% in 2007
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Stockstar
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Same as CFO Meining
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Zhenning
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Same as CFO Meining
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Genius
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Same as CFO Meining
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Jujin
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Same as CFO Meining
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Wisdom
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Success
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Premium
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CFO Glory
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
N/A
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
* |
|
The concession from Chinese State unified income tax is shown on the
assumption that the subsidiary, VIE and the VIEs subsidiaries will not be qualified
as a high and new technology enterprise strongly supported by the state by the
authorities. |
Based on the recently issued tax regulation after 2007.
CFO Wisdom, CFO Success, CFO Premium and CFO Glory are subject to the standard 33% tax rate
in 2007, and no provision for PRC Enterprise Income Tax as these four subsidiaries or VIEs
do not have any assessable profit.
F-34
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
11. INCOME TAXES continued
Income tax (provision) benefit was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Income taxes expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current |
|
$ |
(134,739 |
) |
|
$ |
626 |
|
|
$ |
70,913 |
|
Deferred |
|
|
(322,289 |
) |
|
|
40,081 |
|
|
|
737,712 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
(457,028 |
) |
|
$ |
40,707 |
|
|
$ |
808,625 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The principal components of deferred income taxes were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Current deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue current |
|
$ |
135,658 |
|
|
$ |
841,315 |
|
Accrued expenses and other liability |
|
|
34,820 |
|
|
|
288,200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current deferred tax assets |
|
$ |
170,478 |
|
|
$ |
1,129,515 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-current deferred tax assets (liabilities): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss carry forwards |
|
$ |
802,010 |
|
|
$ |
1,136,729 |
|
Intangible assets |
|
|
(204,043 |
) |
|
|
(321,816 |
) |
Property and equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(30,457 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
597,967 |
|
|
|
784,456 |
|
Less: valuation allowance |
|
|
(743,500 |
) |
|
|
(1,136,729 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-current deferred tax liabilities, net |
|
$ |
(145,533 |
) |
|
$ |
(352,273 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-current deferred tax asset: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred revenue non-current |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
14,382 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A valuation allowance of $743,500 and $1,136,729 were established as of December 31, 2006
and 2007, respectively, for the entities that have incurred losses because the Group
believes that it is more likely than not that the related deferred tax assets will not be
realized in the future. At December 31, 2007, tax loss carry forwards amounting to
approximately $3.8 million which will expire by 2012, and $2 million which will carry
forward indefinitely.
During the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, if the China Finance Onlines
subsidiaries in the PRC were neither in the tax holiday period nor had they been
specifically allowed special tax concessions, they would have recorded additional income
tax expense of $1,448,866, $786,385 and $4,414,697 respectively, and both basic and diluted
income per share would have been $0.03, ($0.01) and ($0.09) for the years ended December
31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.
F-35
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
11. INCOME TAXES continued
A reconciliation between the statutory PRC enterprise income tax rate of 33% and the
effective tax rate is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
|
% |
|
% |
|
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statutory tax rate in PRC |
|
|
33.0 |
|
|
|
(33.0 |
) |
|
|
(33.0 |
) |
Effect of tax holiday |
|
|
(18.0 |
) |
|
|
(92.1 |
) |
|
|
(91.8 |
) |
Non-deductible expenses |
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
139.9 |
|
|
|
99.7 |
|
Non-taxable income |
|
|
(10.3 |
) |
|
|
(54.8 |
) |
|
|
(16.7 |
) |
Effect on deferred taxes due to changes in
tax rates under the new law for certain
subsidiaries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.5 |
|
Change in valuation allowance |
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
33.7 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective tax rate |
|
|
9.0 |
|
|
|
(6.3 |
) |
|
|
(16.3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On March 16th, 2007, the national Peoples Congress adopted the Enterprise Income Tax Law
(the New Income Tax Law), which will become effective from January 1, 2008 and will
replace the existing separate income tax laws for domestic enterprises and foreign-invested
enterprises, which are PRC subsidiaries of the Group, by adopting unified income tax rate of
25% for most enterprises. Due to the changes in the new tax law in March 2007, the Groups
deferred tax balances were calculated based on the newly enacted tax rate to be effective
January 1, 2008 in accordance with applicable transitional terms of the New Income Tax Law.
In accordance with the implementation rules of New Income Tax Law, the existing preferential
tax treatments granted to CFO Software, because it qualifies as a high and new technology
enterprise may not continue to qualify as a high and new technology enterprise strongly
supported by the State under the new rules, until these subsidiaries receive official
approval for this status.
Furthermore, under the New Income Tax Law, a resident enterprise, which includes an
enterprise established outside of the PRC with management located in the PRC, will be
subject to the PRC income tax. If the PRC tax authorities subsequently determine that the
Company and its subsidiaries registered outside the PRC are resident enterprises, the
Company and its subsidiaries registered outside the PRC will be subject to the PRC income
tax at a rate of 25%. The Company is still evaluating its resident status under the new law
and related guidance.
If the PRC tax authorities subsequently determine that the Company is non-resident
enterprises, the dividends paid by the Companys PRC subsidiaries to the Company, will be
subject to the withholding tax of 10% and in the case of subsidiary 25% or more directly
owned by the resident in Hong Kong, the withholding tax would be 5%. However, no such
withholding tax provision has been made by the Groups PRC subsidiaries as of December 31,
2007 because the aggregated undistributed earnings of the Groups PRC subsidiaries and VIEs
are considered to be indefinitely reinvested under APB opinion No. 23. The Chinese tax
authorities have also clarified that the distribution made out of pre January 1, 2008
retained earnings will not be subject to the withholding tax.
F-36
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
12. SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
In October 2005, the Group issued 2,000,000 ordinary shares to its American Depositary
Receipt bank and in exchange received 400,000 American Depositary Shares (ADSs) for
purposes of future exercise of share options by employees.
In 2006, all 400,000 ADSs had been issued to employees who exercised their options. In
January 2006, the Group issued 3,000,000 ordinary shares to its American Depositary Receipt
bank and in exchange received 600,000 ADSs for purposes of future exercise of share options
by employees.
As of December 31, 2007, 9,051,256 ADSs had been issued to employees and the remaining
94,744 ADSs continued to be held by the Group for future exercises. These 94,744 ADSs
represent 473,720 ordinary shares of the Group, which are considered as issued and
outstanding as of December 31, 2007.
Repurchased shares
In 2005, the Group repurchased 10,708,030 ordinary shares at prices ranging from $1.13 to
$1.41 per share, including brokerage commission, for a total consideration of $13,200,394.
In 2007, the Group granted 10,558,493 non-vested shares to BVI companies out of the
repurchased shares. Therefore the remaining is about 149,537 shares.
13. OTHER (EXPENSES) INCOME, NET
Other (expenses) income, net consisted of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exchange gain, net |
|
$ |
365,965 |
|
|
$ |
267,302 |
|
|
$ |
424,338 |
|
Gain on partial disposal of an
investment in Moloon (see Note 5) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
116,071 |
|
|
|
|
|
Others |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,498 |
) |
|
|
8,731 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
365,965 |
|
|
$ |
381,875 |
|
|
$ |
433,069 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exchange gain is primarily derived from intercompany transactions and cash and cash
equivalents in foreign currency.
F-37
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
14. INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share
for the years indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary
shareholders, basic and diluted |
|
$ |
4,624,187 |
|
|
$ |
(600,633 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average ordinary shares
outstanding used in computing
basic net income per share |
|
|
94,341,061 |
|
|
|
93,650,653 |
|
|
|
94,500,529 |
|
Plus: Incremental shares from assumed
conversions of stock options |
|
|
10,440,431 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average ordinary shares
outstanding used in computing
diluted net income per share (note) |
|
|
104,781,492 |
|
|
|
93,650,653 |
|
|
|
94,500,529 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per share-basic |
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.04 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per share-diluted |
|
$ |
0.04 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.04 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Actual ordinary shares issued and upon exercises of options are included when calculating
weighted average ordinary shares outstanding used in computing basic net income per share.
1. |
|
In 2006, the Company transferred 3,000,000 ordinary shares to its depositary
bank representing 750,000 ADSs to be issued to employees and non-employees upon the
exercise of their vested share options. As of December 31, 2007, shares out of such
2,526,280 shares had been issued to the employees and non-employees upon exercise of
their share options and 473,720 shares remained available for future issuances. As a
result, 473,720 ordinary shares were excluded in computing basic net income per share. |
|
2. |
|
In July 2007, the Company adopted granted non-vested shares covering 10,558,493
ordinary shares of the Company to the employees who are eligible for the 2007 Plan.
The vesting of the non-vested shares are subject to achieving certain financial
performance targets stated in the 2007 Plan. Nonvested shares have not be included in
the computation of basic earnings per share as such shares are considered contingently
returnable shares if the employee does not render the requisite service, the shares are
returned to the Company. |
|
3. |
|
The Group has options and non-vested shares outstanding which could potentially
dilute basic net income/(loss) per share, but which were excluded from the computation
of diluted net income/(loss) per share for the year end December 31, 2006 and 2007, as
their effects would have been auti-dilutive. Such outstanding options and non-vested
shares consist of 15,950,488 options for year end December 31, 2006, and 18,691,688
options and 10,558,493 non-vested shares for year end December 31, 2007. |
F-38
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
15. MAINLAND CHINA CONTRIBUTION PLAN AND PROFIT APPROPRIATION
Full time employees of the Group in the PRC participate in a government-mandated
multi-employer defined contribution plan pursuant to which certain pension benefits, medical
care, unemployment insurance, employee housing fund and other welfare benefits are provided
to employees. Chinese labor regulations require the Group to accrue for these benefits
based on certain percentages of the employees salaries. The total provisions for such
employee benefits were $107,552, $270,576 and $948,100 for the years ended December 31,
2005, 2006 and 2007 respectively.
16. COMMITMENTS
The Group leases certain office premises and purchases data under non-cancelable leases.
The office lease expires in 2012. Rent expense under operating leases for 2005, 2006 and
2007 were $242,765, $520,590 and $1,057,624, respectively.
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases and data purchase
agreements were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Year ending |
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
$ |
2,007,800 |
|
2009 |
|
|
1,496,496 |
|
2010 |
|
|
1,046,944 |
|
2011 |
|
|
324,338 |
|
2012 |
|
|
22,128 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
4,897,706 |
|
|
|
|
|
17. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
The Group has two principal operating segments (1) online financial data subscription
service and other related services, (2) brokerage service. These operating segments were
determined based on the nature of the services offered. Operating segments are defined as
components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is
evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate
resources and in assessing performance. The Groups chief executive officer and chief
operating officer have been identified as the chief operating decision makers. The Groups
chief operating decision makers direct the allocation of resources to operating segments
based on the profitability and cash flows of each respective segment.
F-39
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
17. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION continued
The Group evaluates performance based on several factors, including net revenue, cost of
revenue, operating expenses, income from operation. The accounting policies of the business
segments are the same as those described in Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies. The following tables show the operations of the Groups operating segments:
For the year ended December 31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subscription |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
services and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
other related |
|
|
Brokerage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
services |
|
|
services |
|
|
Consolidated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenue |
|
$ |
25,822,178 |
|
|
$ |
80,896 |
|
|
$ |
25,903,074 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
(4,403,605 |
) |
|
|
(22,997 |
) |
|
|
(4,426,602 |
) |
Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative |
|
|
(7,599,367 |
) |
|
|
(184,301 |
) |
|
|
(7,783,668 |
) |
Product development |
|
|
(2,268,878 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,268,878 |
) |
Sales and marketing |
|
|
(6,911,624 |
) |
|
|
(12,712 |
) |
|
|
(6,924,336 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
(16,779,869 |
) |
|
|
(197,013 |
) |
|
|
(16,976,882 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Government subsidies |
|
|
135,834 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
135,834 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from operations |
|
|
4,774,538 |
|
|
|
(139,114 |
) |
|
|
4,635,424 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
|
95,774,776 |
|
|
|
8,109,972 |
|
|
|
103,884,748 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Group started to provide brokerage service after the acquisition of CFO Daily Growth in
2007 and therefore only had one segment in 2005 and 2006.
The Group derives revenue from external customers for each of the following services during
the years presented:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subscription fees |
|
$ |
5,811,395 |
|
|
$ |
5,075,830 |
|
|
$ |
22,712,043 |
|
Advertising revenue |
|
|
996,311 |
|
|
|
1,337,630 |
|
|
|
1,560,194 |
|
SMS revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
298,232 |
|
|
|
1,339,321 |
|
Brokerage service revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
80,896 |
|
Others |
|
|
674,460 |
|
|
|
416,386 |
|
|
|
210,620 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
7,482,166 |
|
|
$ |
7,128,078 |
|
|
$ |
25,903,074 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-40
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS continued
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 AND 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
18. RESTRICTED NET ASSETS
PRC legal restrictions permit payments of dividends by China Finance Onlines PRC
subsidiaries only out of their retained earnings, if any, determined in accordance with PRC
accounting standards and regulations. The general reserve, which requires annual
appropriations of 10% of after-tax profit should be set aside prior to the payment of
dividends. As a result of these PRC laws and regulations, the Groups PRC subsidiaries and
variable interest entities are restricted in their abilities to transfer a portion of their
net assets to the Group. As of December 31, 2007, the amount of restricted net assets was
approximately $45,750,588.
Pursuant to the laws applicable to the PRCs Foreign Investment Enterprises, the Groups
subsidiaries in the PRC must make appropriations from after-tax profit to non-distributable
reserves as determined by the board of directors of the these subsidiaries. These reserves
include a (i) general reserve, (ii) enterprise expansion reserve, and (iii) staff bonus and
welfare reserve. Subject to certain cumulative limits, the general reserve requires annual
appropriations of 10% of after-tax profit (as determined under PRC GAAP at each year-end);
amounts to be appropriated for the other two reserves are determined at the board of
directors discretion. These reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not
distributable as cash dividends. Appropriations to the staff welfare and bonus reserve are
charged to general and administrative expenses and amounted to $26,889, $nil and $nil in
2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Appropriation to the general reserve amounted to
$268,891, $nil and $3,709,549 in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. There were no
appropriations to the staff welfare and bonus reserve or the general reserve during 2006.
19. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
In March 2008, the Group injected further capital of $11,565,000 (equivalent to
HK$90,000,000) in CFO Daily Growth; consequently, the Groups equity interest in CFO Daily
Growth increased from 85% to 98.5%.
F-41
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
Additional Information Financial Statement Schedule I
Financial information of Parent Company
Balance sheets
(In U.S. dollars, except share-related data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
5,758,063 |
|
|
$ |
19,374,617 |
|
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
|
|
64,172 |
|
|
|
4,408,362 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
93,618 |
|
|
|
133,572 |
|
Dividends receivable |
|
|
2,473,269 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
8,389,122 |
|
|
|
23,916,551 |
|
Investments in subsidiaries |
|
|
37,615,158 |
|
|
|
43,844,335 |
|
Cost-method investment |
|
|
12,606,571 |
|
|
|
1,479,571 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
50,534 |
|
|
|
50,534 |
|
Loans receivable from subsidiaries |
|
|
4,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
62,661,385 |
|
|
$ |
69,290,991 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities and shareholders equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
|
148,072 |
|
|
|
1,868,059 |
|
Amounts due to a subsidiary |
|
|
60,534 |
|
|
|
60,537 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
$ |
208,606 |
|
|
$ |
1,928,596 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ordinary shares ($0.00013 par value; 500,000,000 shares
authorized; shares issued and outstanding 104,384,933
in 2006 and 109,754,433 in 2007) |
|
|
13,474 |
|
|
|
14,172 |
|
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
52,555,919 |
|
|
|
58,727,378 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
|
1,634,269 |
|
|
|
4,501,432 |
|
Retained earnings |
|
|
8,249,117 |
|
|
|
4,119,413 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity |
|
|
62,452,779 |
|
|
|
67,362,395 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
|
$ |
62,661,385 |
|
|
$ |
69,290,991 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-42
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
Financial information of Parent Company
Statements of operations
(In U.S. dollars)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative |
|
$ |
692,453 |
|
|
$ |
873,496 |
|
|
$ |
975,931 |
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
370,781 |
|
|
|
1,183,662 |
|
|
|
2,946,340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
1,063,234 |
|
|
|
2,057,158 |
|
|
|
3,922,271 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
560,772 |
|
|
|
202,484 |
|
|
|
253,003 |
|
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries and VIEs |
|
|
5,126,649 |
|
|
|
2,395,622 |
|
|
|
10,299,974 |
|
Other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
180,419 |
|
|
|
366,590 |
|
Loss from impairment of cost method
investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,322,000 |
) |
|
|
(11,127,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
4,624,187 |
|
|
$ |
(600,633 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-43
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
Financial Information of Parent Company
Statement of Shareholders Equity and Other Comprehensive Income
(In U.S. dollars, except share-related data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
Deferred |
|
|
comprehensive |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ordinary shares |
|
|
paid-in |
|
|
stock-based |
|
|
income |
|
|
Retained |
|
|
shareholders |
|
|
Comprehensive |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
capital |
|
|
compensation |
|
|
(loss) |
|
|
earnings |
|
|
equity |
|
|
income |
|
Balances as of January 1, 2005 |
|
|
99,329,933 |
|
|
$ |
12,814 |
|
|
$ |
64,175,132 |
|
|
$ |
(325,221 |
) |
|
$ |
(11 |
) |
|
$ |
4,225,563 |
|
|
$ |
68,088,277 |
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase of ordinary shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13,200,394 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(13,200,394 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Issuance of ordinary shares to employees |
|
|
2,000,000 |
|
|
|
263 |
|
|
|
276,713 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
276,976 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock options issued to non-employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
112,689 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
112,689 |
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
258,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
258,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
671,133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
671,133 |
|
|
$ |
671,133 |
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,624,187 |
|
|
|
4,624,187 |
|
|
|
4,624,187 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2005 |
|
|
101,329,933 |
|
|
|
13,077 |
|
|
|
51,364,140 |
|
|
|
(67,129 |
) |
|
|
671,122 |
|
|
|
8,849,750 |
|
|
|
60,830,960 |
|
|
$ |
5,295,320 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(67,129 |
) |
|
|
67,129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of ordinary shares for exercise of
stock option by employees |
|
|
3,000,000 |
|
|
|
390 |
|
|
|
66,453 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66,843 |
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise of share options by non-employees |
|
|
55,000 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
8,793 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,800 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,183,662 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,183,662 |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
963,147 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
963,147 |
|
|
$ |
963,147 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(600,633 |
) |
|
|
(600,633 |
) |
|
|
(600,633 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2006 |
|
|
104,384,933 |
|
|
|
13,474 |
|
|
|
52,555,919 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,634,269 |
|
|
|
8,249,117 |
|
|
|
62,452,779 |
|
|
$ |
362,514 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise of stock option by employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,366,697 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,366,697 |
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise of share options by non-employees |
|
|
5,369,500 |
|
|
|
698 |
|
|
|
858,422 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
859,120 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,946,340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,946,340 |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,867,163 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,867,163 |
|
|
$ |
2,867,163 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
(4,129,704 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2007 |
|
|
109,754,433 |
|
|
$ |
14,172 |
|
|
$ |
58,727,378 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4,501,432 |
|
|
$ |
4,119,413 |
|
|
$ |
67,362,395 |
|
|
$ |
(1,262,541 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-44
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
Financial information of Parent Company
Statements of cash flows
(In U.S. dollars, except share-related data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
|
4,624,187 |
|
|
|
(600,633 |
) |
|
|
(4,129,704 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to
net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
370,781 |
|
|
|
1,183,662 |
|
|
|
2,946,340 |
|
Loss from impairment of cost method investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,322,000 |
|
|
|
11,127,000 |
|
Gain from disposal of cost method investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(116,071 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
|
|
(4,455,510 |
) |
|
|
(958,872 |
) |
|
|
(10,299,974 |
) |
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividend receivable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,473,269 |
) |
|
|
2,473,269 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
42,226 |
|
|
|
(56,221 |
) |
|
|
(39,954 |
) |
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(64,543 |
) |
|
|
(4,344,190 |
) |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
|
(27,234 |
) |
|
|
27,032 |
|
|
|
1,719,911 |
|
Amounts due to subsidiaries |
|
|
(477,841 |
) |
|
|
41,947 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
|
|
76,609 |
|
|
|
(1,694,968 |
) |
|
|
(547,299 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in loans to subsidiaries |
|
|
(13,990,000 |
) |
|
|
9,990,000 |
|
|
|
4,000,000 |
|
Proceeds from partial sale of cost method investment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,187,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition of businesses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,582,144 |
) |
|
|
(2,300,476 |
) |
Investments in subsidiaries |
|
|
(20,500,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition of cost investment |
|
|
(15,000,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
|
|
(49,490,000 |
) |
|
|
4,595,356 |
|
|
|
1,699,524 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from stock options exercised by employees |
|
|
276,976 |
|
|
|
66,843 |
|
|
|
2,366,697 |
|
Proceeds from exercise of options granted to non-employee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,800 |
|
|
|
859,120 |
|
Repurchase of treasury shares |
|
|
(13,200,394 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividend from a subsidiary |
|
|
5,373,182 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,238,436 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
|
|
(7,550,236 |
) |
|
|
75,643 |
|
|
|
12,464,253 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of exchange rate changes |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
76 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
(56,963,633 |
) |
|
|
2,976,036 |
|
|
|
13,616,554 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year |
|
|
59,745,660 |
|
|
|
2,782,027 |
|
|
|
5,758,063 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year |
|
$ |
2,782,027 |
|
|
$ |
5,758,063 |
|
|
$ |
19,374,617 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note:
Basis for preparation
CHINA FINANCE ONLINE CO. LIMITED
The parent-company only Financial Information of China Finance Online has been prepared using the
same accounting policies as set out in the Companys consolidated financial statements except that
China Finance Online has used equity method to account for its investments in its subsidiaries and
variable interest entities.