SYK 10K 12.31.2012

 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-K
_______________________________________________________________________
ý
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012
OR
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number: 000-09165
_______________________________________________________________________
 
STRYKER CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_______________________________________________________________________
Michigan
 
38-1239739
(State of incorporation)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2825 Airview Boulevard, Kalamazoo, Michigan
 
49002
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (269) 385-2600
_______________________________________________________________________
 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.10 par value
 
New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    YES  ý      NO  ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.    YES  ¨       NO  ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  ý       NO  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     YES  ý       NO  ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of large “accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer  x
  
Accelerated filer  o
Non-accelerated filer  o
  
Smaller reporting company  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    YES  ¨       NO  ý
Based on the closing sales price of June 30, 2012, the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $19,179,042,425. The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $.10 par value, was 380,512,172 at January 31, 2013.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the proxy statement to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission relating to the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the 2013 proxy statement) are incorporated by reference into Part III.
 






TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
PART I
 
Item 1.
Business
1

Item 1A.
Risk Factors
5

Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
7

Item 2.
Properties
8

Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
8

Item 4.
Mine Safety
8

 
 
PART II
 
Item 5.
Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
9

Item 6.
Selected Financial Data
10

Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
11

Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
20

Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
21

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Consolidated Financial Statements
21

 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings
22

 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
22

 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
23

 
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
24

 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
25

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
26

Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
41

Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
42

Item 9B.
Other Information
43

 
 
PART III
 
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
43

Item 11.
Executive Compensation
43

Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
43

Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
44

Item 14.
Principal Accounting Fees and Services
44

 
 
PART IV
 
Item 15.
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
44

 












PART I
ITEM 1.
BUSINESS.

General

Stryker Corporation is one of the world's leading medical technology companies with 2012 revenues of $8,657 and net earnings of $1,298. Stryker's products include implants used in joint replacement and trauma surgeries; surgical equipment and surgical navigation systems; endoscopic and communications systems; patient handling and emergency medical equipment; neurosurgical, neurovascular and spinal devices; as well as other medical device products used in a variety of medical specialties.

Stryker was incorporated in Michigan in 1946 as the successor company to a business founded in 1941 by Dr. Homer H. Stryker, a prominent orthopaedic surgeon and the inventor of several orthopaedic products. In the United States, most of our products are marketed directly to doctors, hospitals and other healthcare facilities. Internationally, our products are sold in over 100 countries through Company-owned sales subsidiaries and branches as well as third-party dealers and distributors.

As used herein, and except where the context otherwise requires, "Stryker," "we," "us," and "our" refer to Stryker Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Business Segments and Geographic Information

We segregate our reporting into three reportable business segments: Reconstructive, MedSurg, and Neurotechnology and Spine. Financial information regarding our reportable business segments and certain geographic information is included under "Results of Operations" in Item 7 of this report and Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report.

The net sales for each reportable segment over the last three years were:
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Reconstructive
$
3,823

44
%
 
$
3,710

45
%
 
$
3,549

48
%
MedSurg
3,265

38
%
 
3,160

38
%
 
2,803

38
%
Neurotechnology and Spine
1,569

18
%
 
1,437

17
%
 
968

14
%
Total
$
8,657

100
%
 
$
8,307

100
%
 
$
7,320

100
%

Reconstructive

Reconstructive products consist primarily of implants used in hip and knee joint replacements and trauma and extremities surgeries. We bring patients and physicians advanced implant designs and specialized instrumentation that make orthopaedic surgery and recovery simpler, faster and more effective. We support surgeons with the technology and services they need as they develop new surgical techniques.

The net sales of Reconstructive products over the last three years were:
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Knees
$
1,356

35
%
 
$
1,316

35
%
 
$
1,306

37
%
Hips
1,233

32
%
 
1,228

33
%
 
1,154

33
%
Trauma and Extremities
989

26
%
 
931

25
%
 
845

24
%
Other
245

7
%
 
235

7
%
 
244

6
%
Total
$
3,823

100
%
 
$
3,710

100
%
 
$
3,549

100
%

In 2012 we launched Accolade II, the first hip stem with a Morphometric Wedge design, an evolution of the tapered wedge stem. We also launched the GetAroundKnee direct to consumer advertising campaign to convey the benefits of the single radius design of our Triathlon Knee System.

In 2011 we acquired Memometal Technologies, which develops, manufactures and markets products for extremity (hand and foot) indications that enhance the offerings in our trauma product line.

Stryker is one of five leading competitors in the United States for joint replacement and trauma products; the other four are Zimmer Holdings, Inc. (Zimmer), DePuy Synthes Company (DePuy Synthes, a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson), Biomet, Inc. and Smith & Nephew plc. We are also a leading player in the international markets, with these same companies as our principal competitors.

1
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified



MedSurg

MedSurg products include surgical equipment and surgical navigation systems (Instruments); endoscopic and communications systems (Endoscopy); patient handling and emergency medical equipment (Medical); and reprocessed and remanufactured medical devices as well as other medical device products used in a variety of medical specialties.

The net sales of MedSurg products over the last three years were:
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Instruments
$
1,261

39
%
 
$
1,187

38
%
 
$
1,085

39
%
Endoscopy
1,111

34
%
 
1,080

34
%
 
985

35
%
Medical
691

21
%
 
722

23
%
 
583

21
%
Other
202

6
%
 
171

5
%
 
150

5
%
Total
$
3,265

100
%
 
$
3,160

100
%
 
$
2,803

100
%

In 2012 we launched System 7, the next generation of heavy duty surgical power tools. These tools are used in total joint procedures, such as hip and knee replacements, and offer the latest in advanced cutting technology. We also launched the 1488 HD 3-Chip Endoscopic Camera System, which utilizes advanced CMOS technology and premium optics to provide a clear bright image designed to enhance patient outcomes. In addition, we launched Power-LOADTM, our cot fastener system that lifts and lowers the cot into and out of ambulances, thereby reducing spinal loads and the risk of cumulative trauma injuries to emergency responders.

In 2010 we acquired the assets used to produce the Sonopet Ultrasonic Aspirator control consoles, handpieces and accessories, which are used by surgeons to fragment soft and hard tissue for tumor removal and bone cutting and have applications in our Instruments product line.

In 2010 we acquired Gaymar Industries (Gaymar), which specializes in support surfaces and pressure ulcer management solutions as well as the temperature management segment of the healthcare industry. Gaymar enhances the offerings in our Medical product line.

Stryker is one of three market leaders in Instruments, competing principally with Medtronic, Inc. and Conmed Linvatec, Inc. (a subsidiary of CONMED Corporation) globally; internationally, we also compete with Aesculap-Werke AG (a division of B. Braun Melsungen AG). In Endoscopy, we compete with Smith & Nephew Endoscopy (a division of Smith & Nephew plc), ConMed Linvatec, Inc., Arthrex, Inc., Karl Storz GmbH & Co. and Olympus Optical Co. Ltd. Our primary competitors in Medical are Hill-Rom Holdings, Inc. and Kinetic Concepts, Inc.

Neurotechnology and Spine

Our Neurotechnology and Spine products include a comprehensive portfolio of products including both neurosurgical and neurovascular devices. Our neurotechnology offering includes products used for minimally invasive endovascular techniques, as well as a comprehensive line of products for traditional brain and open skull base surgical procedures, orthobiologic and biosurgery products including synthetic bone grafts and vertebral augmentation products, as well as minimally invasive products for the treatment of acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. We also develop, manufacture and market spinal implant products including cervical, thoracolumbar and interbody systems used in spinal injury, deformity and degenerative therapies.

The net sales of Neurotechnology and Spine products over the last three years were:
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Neurotechnology
$
842

54
%
 
$
750

52
%
 
$
320

33
%
Spine
727

46
%
 
687

48
%
 
648

67
%
Total
$
1,569

100
%
 
$
1,437

100
%
 
$
968

100
%

In 2012 we received 510(k) approval to market the Trevo® Pro Retriever, our next generation clot removal technology that utilizes proprietary Stentriever® Technology for optimized clot integration and retrieval in patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke.

In 2012 we received 510(k) approval to market our Trevo® ProVEUTM Retriever, the first clot removal device fully visible during the procedure for precise positioning within the clot and optimized clot retrieval in patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke.


2
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


In 2012 we completed the acquisition of Surpass Medical, Ltd. (Surpass). Surpass is developing and commercializing next-generation flow diversion stent technology to treat brain aneurysms using a unique mesh design and delivery system. The acquisition of Surpass enhances the product offerings within our Neurotechnology product line.

In 2011 we acquired the assets of the Neurovascular division of Boston Scientific Corporation (Neurovascular), as well as Concentric Medical, Inc., a manufacturer of minimally invasive products for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. These acquisitions significantly expanded our product offerings within our Neurotechnology product line.

In 2011 we completed the acquisition of Orthovita, Inc. (Orthovita), a developer of orthobiologic and biosurgery products, including synthetic bone grafts and vertebral augmentation products. The acquisition of Orthovita complements our existing product offerings, primarily within our Spine product line.

Our primary competitors in Neurotechnology are Covidien and Micrus Endovascular, LLC (a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson). We are one of three market leaders in spine products, along with Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Inc. (a subsidiary of Medtronic, Inc.) and DePuy Synthes.

Geographic Areas

In 2012 approximately 65.4% of our revenues were generated from customers in the United States. Internationally our products are sold in over 100 countries through local dealers and direct sales efforts. Additional geographic information is included under "Results of Operations" in Item 7 of this report and Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report.

Raw Materials and Inventory

Raw materials essential to our business are generally readily available from multiple sources. Substantially all products we manufacture are stocked in inventory, while certain MedSurg products are assembled to order. A substantial amount of our neurovascular finished goods are currently sourced from Boston Scientific Corporation; the manufacture of these products will transfer to Stryker during 2013. The dollar amount of backlog orders at any given time is not considered to be significant.

Patents and Trademarks

Patents and trademarks are significant to our business to the extent that a product or an attribute of a product represents a unique design or process. Patent protection of such products restricts competitors from duplicating these unique designs and features. We seek to obtain patent protection on our products whenever appropriate for protecting our competitive advantage. As of December 31, 2012, we own approximately 1,687 United States patents and 3,081 international patents.

Seasonality

Our business is generally not seasonal in nature; however, the number of reconstructive implant surgeries is generally lower during the summer months.

Competition

In all of our product lines we compete with local and global companies located throughout the world. Competition exists in all product lines without regard to the number and size of the competing companies involved. The development of new and innovative products is important to our success in all areas of our business and competition in research, involving the development and the improvement of new and existing products and processes, is particularly significant. The competitive environment requires substantial investments in continuing research and in maintaining sales forces.

The principal factors that we believe differentiate us in the highly competitive product categories in which we operate and enable us to compete effectively include our commitment to innovation and quality, service and reputation. We believe that our competitive position in the future will depend to a large degree on our ability to develop new products and make improvements to existing products.

Product Development

Most of our products and product improvements, with the exception of our neurotechnology products, have been developed internally at research facilities located in manufacturing locations in the United States, Ireland, Puerto Rico, Germany, Switzerland, India and

3
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


France. We also invest through acquisitions in technologies developed by third parties that have the potential to expand the markets in which we operate. We maintain close working relationships with physicians and medical personnel in hospitals and universities who assist us in product development efforts. The total costs of worldwide Company-sponsored research, development and engineering activities relating to the development of new products, improvement of existing products, technical support of products and compliance with governmental regulations for the protection of customers and patients were $471, $462 and $394 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Research, development and engineering expenses as a percentage of sales were 5.4%, 5.6% and 5.4% in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The spending level in 2012 as a percentage of sales decreased primarily due to the termination of all development of the OP-1 molecule in late 2011.

Regulation

Our businesses are subject to varying degrees of governmental regulation in the countries in which operations are conducted, and the general trend is toward increasingly stringent regulation.

In the United States, the Medical Device Amendments of 1976 to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and its subsequent amendments, and the regulations issued or proposed thereunder, provide for regulation by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the design, manufacture and marketing of medical devices, including most of our products. Many of our new products fall into FDA classifications that require notification of and review by the FDA before marketing, submitted as a 510(k). Certain of our products require extensive clinical testing, consisting of safety and efficacy studies, followed by pre-market approval (PMA) applications for specific surgical indications.

The FDA's Quality System regulations set forth standards for our product design and manufacturing processes, require the maintenance of certain records and provide for inspections of our facilities by the FDA. There are also certain requirements of state, local and foreign governments that must be complied with in the manufacture and marketing of our products.

The member states of the European Union (EU) have adopted the European Medical Device Directives that form a single set of medical device regulations for all EU member countries. These regulations require companies that wish to manufacture and distribute medical devices in EU member countries to meet certain quality system requirements and obtain CE Marking for their products. We have authorization to apply the CE Marking to substantially all of our products. In addition, we comply with the unique regulatory requirements of each of the countries in which we market our products.

Initiatives sponsored by government agencies, legislative bodies and the private sector to limit the growth of healthcare expenses generally and hospital costs in particular, including price regulation and competitive pricing, are ongoing in markets where we do business. It is not possible to predict at this time the long-term impact of such cost containment measures on our future business.

In addition, business practices in the healthcare industry have come under increased scrutiny, particularly in the United States, by government agencies and state attorneys general, and resulting investigations and prosecutions carry the risk of significant civil and criminal penalties.

Employees

At December 31, 2012, we had approximately 22,010 employees worldwide. Certain international employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. We believe that we maintain positive relationships with our employees worldwide.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

Information regarding our executive officers appears under the caption "Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance" in Item 10 of this Report.    

Available Information

Our main corporate website address is www.stryker.com. Copies of our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Annual Reports on Form 10-K and Current Reports on Form 8-K filed or furnished to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) will be provided without charge to any shareholder submitting a written request to our Corporate Secretary at our principal executive offices. All of our SEC filings are also available free of charge on our website within the "Investor-SEC Filings & Ownership Reports" link as soon as reasonably practicable after having been electronically filed or furnished to the SEC. All SEC filings are also available at the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.


4
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified



ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS.

This report contains statements referring to us that are not historical facts and are considered "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements, which are intended to take advantage of the "safe harbor" provisions of the Reform Act, are based on current projections about operations, industry conditions, financial condition and liquidity. Words that identify forward-looking statements include words such as "may," "could," "will," "should," "possible," "plan," "predict," "forecast," "potential," "anticipate," "estimate," "expect," "project," "intend," "believe," "may impact," "on track," and words and terms of similar substance used in connection with any discussion of future operating or financial performance, an acquisition or our businesses. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. Those statements are not guarantees and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual results could differ materially and adversely from these forward-looking statements. Some important factors that could cause our actual results to differ from our expectations in any forward-looking statements include those risks discussed below.

Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business, cash flows, financial condition or results of operations.

Legal & Regulatory Risks

The impact of United States healthcare reform legislation on us remains uncertain. In 2010 federal legislation to reform the United States healthcare system was enacted into law. The law was upheld by a Supreme Court decision that was announced on June 28, 2012. The legislation is far-reaching and is intended to expand access to health insurance coverage, improve quality and reduce costs over time. We expect the new law will have a significant impact upon various aspects of our business operations. Among other things, the new law imposes a 2.3 percent excise tax on Class I, II and III medical devices beginning January 2013 that will apply to United States sales of a majority of our medical device products. Other provisions of this legislation, including Medicare provisions aimed at improving quality and decreasing costs, comparative effectiveness research, an independent payment advisory board, and pilot programs to evaluate alternative payment methodologies, could meaningfully change the way healthcare is developed and delivered. Further, we cannot predict what other healthcare programs and regulations will be ultimately implemented at the federal or state level, the effect of any future legislation or regulation in the United States or internationally or whether any changes will lower reimbursements for our products or reduce medical procedure volumes.

Cost containment measures in the United States and other countries resulting in pricing pressures could have a negative impact on our future operating results. Initiatives sponsored by government agencies, legislative bodies and the private sector to limit the growth of healthcare costs, including price regulation and competitive pricing, are ongoing in markets where we do business. Pricing pressure has also increased in our markets due to continued consolidation among healthcare providers, trends toward managed care, the shift towards governments becoming the primary payers of healthcare expenses, and government laws and regulations relating to reimbursement and pricing generally. Reductions in reimbursement levels or coverage or other cost containment measures could unfavorably affect our future operating results.

We may be adversely affected by product liability claims, unfavorable court decisions or legal settlements. We are defendants in various proceedings, legal actions and claims arising in the normal course of business, including product liability and other matters. These matters are subject to many uncertainties and outcomes are not predictable. In addition, we may incur significant legal expenses regardless of whether we are found to be liable. To partially mitigate losses arising from unfavorable outcomes in such matters, we purchase third-party insurance coverage subject to certain retentions, deductibles and loss limitations. We may be adversely impacted by any settlement payments or losses beyond the amounts of insurance carried or for which coverage is otherwise not available. In addition, even if covered by insurance, such losses may negatively impact our ability to obtain third-party insurance coverage in future periods on a cost effective basis or at all.

Intellectual property litigation and infringement claims could cause us to incur significant expenses or prevent us from selling certain of our products.  The medical device industry is characterized by extensive intellectual property litigation and, from time to time, we are the subject of claims by third parties of potential infringement or misappropriation.  Regardless of outcome, such claims are expensive to defend and divert the time and effort of our management and operating personnel from other business issues.  A successful claim or claims of patent or other intellectual property infringement against us could result in our payment of significant monetary damages and/or royalty payments or negatively impact our ability to sell current or future products in the affected category.


5
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Dependence on patent and other proprietary rights and failing to protect such rights or to be successful in litigation related to such rights may impact offerings in our product portfolios. Our long-term success largely depends on our ability to market technologically competitive products. If we fail to obtain or maintain adequate intellectual property protection, we may not be able to prevent third parties from using our proprietary technologies or may lose access to technologies critical to our products. Also, our currently pending or future patent applications may not result in issued patents, and issued patents are subject to claims concerning priority, scope and other issues.

We are subject to extensive governmental regulations relating to the manufacturing, labeling and marketing of our products. Substantially all of our products are subject to regulation by the FDA and other governmental authorities in the United States and internationally. The process of obtaining regulatory approvals to market a medical device can be costly and time consuming and approvals might not be granted for future products timely, if at all. In addition, if we fail to comply with applicable regulatory requirements, we may be subject to a range of sanctions including warning letters, monetary fines, product recalls and the suspension of product manufacturing and criminal prosecution.

Market Risks

Macroeconomic developments, such as the recent recessions in Europe and the debt crises in certain countries in the European Union, could negatively affect our ability to conduct business in those geographies. The continuing debt crises in certain European Union countries could cause the value of the euro to deteriorate, reducing the purchasing power of our European Union customers. Financial difficulties experienced by our suppliers and customers, including distributors, could result in product delays and inventory issues; risks to accounts receivable could also include delays in collection and greater bad debt expense.

Exposure to exchange rate fluctuations on cross border transactions and translation of local currency results into United States dollars. Cross border transactions, both with external parties and intercompany relationships, result in increased exposure to foreign exchange effects. In addition, our sales are translated into United States dollars for reporting purposes. The strengthening or weakening of the United States dollar could result in favorable or unfavorable translation effects as the results of foreign locations are translated into United States dollars.

Business and Operational Risks

We may be unable to effectively develop and market products against the products of our competitors in a highly competitive industry. Our present or future products could be rendered obsolete or uneconomical by technological advances by our competitors. Competitive factors include price, customer service, technology, innovation, quality, reputation and reliability. Our competition may respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies, undertake more extensive marketing campaigns, have greater financial, marketing and other resources than us or may be more successful in attracting potential customers, employees and strategic partners. Given these factors, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to continue our level of success in the industry.

Competition in research, involving the development and improvement of new and existing products, is particularly significant and results from time to time in product obsolescence. The markets in which we operate are highly competitive, and new products and surgical procedures are introduced on an ongoing basis. Such marketplace changes may cause some of our products to become obsolete. If actual product life cycles, product demand or acceptance of new product introductions are less favorable than projected by management, a higher level of inventory write downs may result.

We may be unable to maintain adequate working relationships with healthcare professionals. We seek to maintain close working relationships with respected physicians and medical personnel in hospitals and universities who assist in product research and development. We rely on these professionals to assist us in the development of proprietary products and product improvements to complement and expand our existing product lines. If we are unable to maintain these relationships, our ability to develop, market and sell new and improved products could decrease.

We are subject to additional risks associated with our extensive international operations. We develop, manufacture and distribute our products throughout the world. Our international operations are, and will continue to be, subject to a number of additional risks and potential costs, including changes in foreign medical reimbursement policies and programs, unexpected changes in foreign regulatory requirements, differing local product preferences and product requirements, diminished protection of intellectual property in some countries outside of the United States, trade protection measures and import or export licensing requirements, extraterritorial effects of United States laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations and political and economic instability.


6
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


We may be unable to capitalize on previous or future acquisitions. In addition to internally developed products, we rely upon investment in new technologies through acquisitions. Investments in medical technology are inherently risky, and we cannot guarantee that any acquisition will be successful or will not have a material unfavorable impact on us. These risks include the activities required by us to integrate new businesses, which may result in the need to allocate more resources to integration and product development activities than originally anticipated, diversion of management's time, which could adversely affect management's ability to focus on other projects, the inability to realize the expected benefits, savings or synergies from the acquisition, the loss of key personnel of the acquired company, and exposure to unexpected liabilities of the acquired company. In addition, we cannot be certain that the businesses we acquire will become profitable or remain so, which may result in unexpected impairment charges.

We may record future goodwill impairment charges related to one or more of our business units, which could materially adversely impact our results of operations. We perform our annual impairment test for goodwill in the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently if indicators are present or changes in circumstances suggest that impairment may exist. In evaluating the potential
for impairment we make assumptions regarding revenue projections, growth rates, cash flows, tax rates, and discount rates. These assumptions are uncertain and by nature may vary from actual results. A significant reduction in the estimated fair values could result in impairment charges that could materially affect our results of operations.

Our results of operations could be negatively impacted by future changes in the allocation of income to each of the income tax jurisdictions in which we operate. We operate in multiple income tax jurisdictions both in the United States and internationally. Accordingly, our management must determine the appropriate allocation of income to each jurisdiction based on current interpretations of complex income tax regulations. Income tax authorities regularly perform audits of our income tax filings. Income tax audits associated with the allocation of income and other complex issues, including inventory transfer pricing and cost sharing, product royalty and foreign branch arrangements, may require an extended period of time to resolve and may result in significant income tax adjustments. If changes to the income allocation are required between jurisdictions with different income tax rates, the related adjustments could have a material unfavorable impact on our results of operations.

Failure of a key information technology system, process or site could have a material adverse impact on our business. We rely extensively on information technology systems to conduct business. These systems include, but are not limited to, ordering and managing materials from suppliers, converting materials to finished products, shipping products to customers, processing transactions, summarizing and reporting results of operations, complying with regulatory, legal or tax requirements, providing data security and other processes necessary to manage our business. If our systems are damaged or cease to function properly due to any number of causes, ranging from catastrophic events to power outages to security breaches, and our business continuity plans do not effectively compensate timely, we may suffer interruptions in our ability to manage operations.

We may be unable to attract and retain key employees. Our sales, technical and other key personnel play an integral role in the development, marketing and selling of new and existing products. If we are unable to recruit, hire, develop and retain a talented, competitive work force, we may not be able to meet our strategic business objectives.

ITEM 1B.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.



7
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


ITEM 2.
PROPERTIES.

The following are our principal manufacturing locations as of December 31, 2012: 
Location
 
Segment
 
Square
Feet
 
Owned/
Leased
Mahwah, New Jersey
 
Reconstructive
 
531,000

 
Owned
Kiel, Germany
 
Reconstructive
 
173,000

 
Owned
Suzhou, China
 
Reconstructive, Neurotechnology and Spine
 
158,000

 
Owned
Selzach, Switzerland
 
Reconstructive
 
137,000

 
Owned
Freiburg, Germany
 
Reconstructive
 
119,000

 
Owned
Malvern, Pennsylvania
 
Reconstructive
 
88,000

 
Leased
Carrigtwohill, Ireland
 
Reconstructive
 
72,000

 
Owned
Freiburg, Germany
 
Reconstructive, MedSurg
 
68,000

 
Leased
Limerick, Ireland
 
Reconstructive
 
58,000

 
Owned
Stetten, Germany
 
Reconstructive
 
33,000

 
Owned
Rennes, France
 
Reconstructive
 
31,000

 
Leased
Portage, Michigan
 
MedSurg
 
1,034,000

 
Owned
Arroyo, Puerto Rico
 
MedSurg
 
220,000

 
Leased
San Jose, California
 
MedSurg
 
185,000

 
Leased
Lakeland, Florida
 
MedSurg
 
125,000

 
Leased
Flower Mound, Texas
 
MedSurg
 
114,000

 
Leased
Phoenix, Arizona
 
MedSurg
 
93,000

 
Leased
Guayama, Puerto Rico
 
MedSurg
 
46,000

 
Leased
Neuchâtel, Switzerland
 
Neurotechnology and Spine
 
88,000

 
Owned
Cestas, France
 
Neurotechnology and Spine
 
79,000

 
Owned
Mountain View, California
 
Neurotechnology and Spine
 
62,000

 
Owned
Cestas, France
 
Neurotechnology and Spine
 
35,000

 
Leased
West Valley, Utah
 
Neurotechnology and Spine
 
29,000

 
Leased

In addition, we maintain corporate, administrative and sales offices and warehousing and distribution facilities in multiple countries. We believe that our properties are suitable and adequate for the manufacture and distribution of our products.

ITEM 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are involved in various proceedings, legal actions and claims arising in the normal course of business, including proceedings related to product, labor and intellectual property, and other matters that are more fully described in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report; this information is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY.

Not applicable.

8
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified



PART II

ITEM 5.
MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol SYK. Quarterly stock price and dividend information for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
 
 
2012 Quarter Ended
 
2011 Quarter Ended
 
 
Mar. 31
 
June 30
 
Sept. 30
 
Dec. 31
 
Mar. 31
 
June 30
 
Sept. 30
 
Dec. 31
Dividends declared per share of common stock
 
$
0.2125

 
$
0.2125

 
$
0.2125

 
$
0.265

 
$
0.18

 
$
0.18

 
$
0.18

 
$
0.2125

Market price of common stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
High
 
55.90

 
57.14

 
56.79

 
56.75

 
65.20

 
64.61

 
60.64

 
51.13

Low
 
50.41

 
49.43

 
50.05

 
51.60

 
53.50

 
56.58

 
43.73

 
44.56


Our Board of Directors considers payment of cash dividends at each of its quarterly meetings. On January 31, 2013, there were 4,236 shareholders of record of our common stock.

In December 2012, 2011 and 2010, we announced that our Board of Directors had authorized us to purchase up to $405, $500 and $500, respectively, of our common stock (the 2012, 2011 and 2010 Repurchase Programs, respectively). Purchases are to be made from time to time in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Under the 2010 Repurchase Program, we repurchased 2.1 million shares at a cost of $108 during 2012. We had not made any repurchases pursuant to the 2012 or 2011 Repurchase Programs at December 31, 2012. At December 31, 2012, the maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the the authorized Repurchase Programs was $1,000.

The following graph compares our total returns (including reinvestments of dividends) against the Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500 Composite Stock Price Index and the S&P Health Care (Medical Products and Supplies) Index. The graph assumes $100 (not in millions) invested on December 31, 2007 in our Common Stock and each of the indices.
Company / Index
 
2007
 
2008
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
Stryker Corporation
 
100.00

 
54.01

 
68.44

 
73.84

 
69.32

 
77.71

S&P 500 Index
 
100.00

 
63.00

 
79.68

 
91.68

 
93.61

 
108.59

S&P 500 Health Care Index
 
100.00

 
77.19

 
92.40

 
95.08

 
107.18

 
126.35


9
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified



ITEM 6.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.

Selected financial data for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2012 is as follows: 
CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
2008
Net sales
 
$
8,657

 
$
8,307

 
$
7,320

 
$
6,723

 
$
6,718

Cost of sales
 
2,781

 
2,811

 
2,286

 
2,184

 
2,131

Gross profit
 
5,876

 
5,496

 
5,034

 
4,539

 
4,587

Research, development and engineering expenses
 
471

 
462

 
394

 
336

 
368

Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
3,466

 
3,150

 
2,707

 
2,506

 
2,625

Intangibles amortization
 
123

 
122

 
58

 
36

 
40

Other (a)
 
75

 
76

 
124

 
67

 
35

 
 
4,135

 
3,810

 
3,283

 
2,945

 
3,068

Operating income
 
1,741

 
1,686

 
1,751

 
1,594

 
1,519

Other income (expense)
 
(36
)
 

 
(22
)
 
30

 
61

Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes
 
1,705

 
1,686

 
1,729

 
1,624

 
1,580

Income taxes
 
407

 
341

 
456

 
517

 
432

Net earnings
 
$
1,298

 
$
1,345

 
$
1,273

 
$
1,107

 
$
1,148

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PER SHARE DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings per share of common stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
3.41

 
$
3.48

 
$
3.21

 
$
2.79

 
$
2.81

Diluted
 
$
3.39

 
$
3.45

 
$
3.19

 
$
2.77

 
$
2.78

Dividends per share of common stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Declared
 
$
0.9025

 
$
0.7525

 
$
0.63

 
$
0.25

 
$
0.40

Paid
 
$
0.85

 
$
0.72

 
$
0.60

 
$
0.50

 
$
0.33

Average number of shares outstanding—in millions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
380.6

 
386.5

 
396.4

 
397.4

 
408.1

Diluted
 
383.0

 
389.5

 
399.5

 
399.4

 
413.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL POSITION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash, cash equivalents and current marketable securities
 
$
4,285

 
$
3,418

 
$
4,380

 
$
2,955

 
$
2,196

Accounts receivable—net
 
1,430

 
1,417

 
1,252

 
1,147

 
1,130

Inventory—net
 
1,265

 
1,283

 
1,057

 
943

 
953

Property, plant and equipment—net
 
948

 
888

 
798

 
948

 
964

Capital expenditures
 
210

 
226

 
182

 
131

 
155

Depreciation and amortization
 
486

 
481

 
410

 
385

 
388

Total assets
 
13,206

 
12,146

 
10,895

 
9,071

 
7,603

Accounts payable—net
 
288

 
345

 
292

 
200

 
274

Long-term debt, including current maturities
 
1,762

 
1,768

 
1,021

 
18

 
21

Shareholders’ equity
 
8,597

 
7,683

 
7,174

 
6,595

 
5,407

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
1,657

 
1,434

 
1,547

 
1,461

 
1,176

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of shareholders of record
 
4,258

 
4,508

 
4,586

 
4,607

 
4,500

Number of employees
 
22,010

 
21,241

 
20,036

 
18,582

 
17,594


(a) Includes restructuring and asset impairment charges.



10
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


ITEM 7.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
We supplement the reporting of our financial information determined under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) with certain non-GAAP financial measures, including percentage sales growth in constant currency, adjusted net earnings and adjusted diluted net earnings per share. We believe that these non-GAAP measures provide meaningful information to assist shareholders in understanding our financial results and assessing our prospects for future performance. Management believes percentage sales growth in constant currency, adjusted net earnings and adjusted net earnings per diluted share are important indicators of our operations because they exclude items that may not be indicative of or are unrelated to our core operating results and provide a baseline for analyzing trends in our underlying businesses. Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures for reviewing the operating results of reportable business segments and analyzing potential future business trends in connection with our budget process and bases certain annual bonus plans on these non-GAAP financial measures. To measure percentage sales growth in constant currency, we remove the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates that affect the comparability and trend of sales. Percentage sales growth in constant currency is calculated by translating current year results at prior year average foreign currency exchange rates. To measure earnings performance on a consistent and comparable basis, we exclude certain items that affect the comparability of operating results and the trend of earnings. Because non-GAAP financial measures are not standardized, it may not be possible to compare these financial measures with other companies' non-GAAP financial measures having the same or similar names. These adjusted financial measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for reported sales growth, net earnings and diluted net earnings per share, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures are an additional way of viewing aspects of our operations that, when viewed with our GAAP results and the reconciliations to corresponding GAAP financial measures at the end of the discussion of Results of Operations below, provide a more complete understanding of our business. We strongly encourage investors and shareholders to review our financial statements and publicly-filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure.
ABOUT STRYKER
Stryker is one of the world's leading medical technology companies, with 2012 revenues of $8,657 and net earnings of $1,298. We are dedicated to helping healthcare professionals perform their jobs more efficiently while enhancing patient care. We offer a diverse array of innovative medical technologies, including reconstructive, medical and surgical, and neurotechnology and spine products, to help people lead more active and more satisfying lives.
In the United States, most of our products are marketed directly to doctors, hospitals and other healthcare facilities. In general, we maintain separate dedicated sales forces for each of our principal product lines to provide focus and a high level of expertise to each medical specialty served. Internationally our products are sold in over 100 countries through company-owned sales subsidiaries and branches as well as third-party dealers and distributors. Our business is generally not seasonal in nature; however, the number of reconstructive surgeries is generally lower during the summer months.
Recent Business Developments
In February 2013 we made a voluntary general offer to acquire all the shares of Trauson Holdings Company Limited for HK$7.50 per ordinary share for a total consideration of $764 in an all cash transaction. With this acquisition, which is expected to close before the end of the second quarter of 2013, we will expand our presence in a key emerging market with a product portfolio and pipeline that is targeted at the large and fast growing value segment of the Chinese orthopaedic market.
In December 2012 we recorded a charge of $174 ($133 net of taxes), or approximately $0.35 per share, related to the previously disclosed voluntary recall of our Rejuvenate and ABG II modular-neck hip stems.
In November 2012 we completed the acquisition of Surpass Medical, Ltd. (Surpass). Surpass is developing and commercializing next-generation flow diversion stent technology to treat brain aneurysms using a unique mesh design and delivery system. The acquisition of Surpass enhances the product offerings within our Neurotechnology product line.
In October 2012 Kevin A. Lobo was named our President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Lobo replaced Curt R. Hartman, who had served as Interim Chief Executive Officer since the resignation of Stephen P. MacMillan.
In August 2012 we refinanced our credit facility with a new $1,000 Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility due August 2017 (2012 Facility). The 2012 Facility replaced the previously outstanding $1,000 Unsecured Credit Facility due in August 2013.
In 2012 we recorded $40 in severance and related costs in connection with focused reductions of our global workforce and other restructuring activities that are expected to reduce our global workforce by approximately 5%. The targeted reductions and other restructuring activities were initiated to provide efficiencies and realign resources in advance of the Medical Device Excise Tax, as well as to allow for continued investment in strategic areas and drive growth. In addition, we recorded $7 in intangible asset impairments, $3 in agent conversion and $25 in contractual and other obligations, as certain of our restructuring actions resulted in the discontinued use of specific assets and the exit of certain lease and other commitments.

11
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our consolidated results of operations were:
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage Change
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012/2011
2011/2010
Net Sales
$8,657
$8,307
$7,320
 
4.2

13.5

Gross Profit
5,876
5,496
5,034
 
6.9

9.2

Research, development & engineering expenses
471
462
394
 
1.9

17.3

Selling, general & administrative expenses
3,466
3,150
2,707
 
10.0

16.4

Intangible amortization
123
122
58
 
0.8

110.3

Property, plant and equipment impairment


124
 

(100.0
)
Restructuring charges
75
76

 
(1.3
)

Other income (expense)
(36
)

(22)
 

(100.0
)
Income taxes
407
341
456
 
19.4

(25.2
)
Net Earnings
$1,298
$1,345
$1,273
 
(3.5
)
5.7

Diluted Net Earnings per share
$3.39
$3.45
$3.19
 
(1.7
)
8.2

Our geographic and segment net sales were:
 
 
 
 
Percentage Change
 
 
 
 
2012/2011
 
2011/2010
 
 
Net Sales
 
 
 
Constant
Currency
 
 
 
Constant
Currency
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
Reported
 
 
Reported
 
Geographic sales:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States
 
$
5,658

 
$
5,269

 
$
4,793

 
7.4

 
7.4

 
9.9
 
9.9

International
 
2,999

 
3,038

 
2,527

 
(1.3
)
 
1.9

 
20.2
 
13.4

Total net sales
 
$
8,657

 
$
8,307

 
$
7,320

 
4.2

 
5.4

 
13.5
 
11.1

Segment sales:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconstructive
 
$
3,823

 
$
3,710

 
$
3,549

 
3.1

 
4.4

 
4.5
 
1.5

MedSurg
 
3,265

 
3,160

 
2,803

 
3.3

 
4.2

 
12.7
 
11.2

Neurotechnology and Spine
 
1,569

 
1,437

 
968

 
9.2

 
10.5

 
48.5
 
46.4

Total net sales
 
$
8,657

 
$
8,307

 
$
7,320

 
4.2

 
5.4

 
13.5
 
11.1

Net sales increased 4.2% in 2012 after increasing 13.5% in 2011. In 2012 net sales grew by 5.6% as a result of increased unit volume and changes in product mix and 1.2% due to acquisitions, and were negatively impacted by 1.4% due to changes in price and 1.2% due to the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates on net sales. In constant currency, net sales in 2012 increased by 5.4%. In 2011 net sales grew by 6.1% as a result of increased unit volume and changes in product mix, 2.4% due to the favorable impact of foreign currency and 6.8% due to acquisitions, and were negatively impacted by 1.8% due to changes in price. In constant currency, net sales in 2011 increased by 11.1%.
The increase in consolidated net sales for 2012 was primarily due to higher shipments of Neurotechnology, Instruments, Trauma and Extremities, Spine and reprocessed and remanufactured medical devices; these gains were partially offset by slowness in the European markets. The increase in consolidated net sales for 2011 was primarily due to sales growth through acquisitions, higher United States shipments of MedSurg products and higher international shipments of MedSurg products and Neurotechnology and Spine products. In the United States net sales increased 7.4% in 2012 after increasing 9.9% in 2011. In constant currency, international sales increased 1.9% in 2012, compared to 13.4% in 2011.
The following geographical sales growth information by segment is provided to supplement the net sales information presented above:
 
Year Ended December 31, 2012
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
 
 
Percentage Change
 
 
 
Percentage Change
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
International
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
International
 
2012
2011
As Reported
Constant Currency
As Reported
As Reported
Constant Currency
 
2011
2010
As Reported
Constant Currency
As Reported
As Reported
Constant Currency
Reconstructive
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hips
$
1,233

$
1,228

0.4

1.5

5.2

(4.5
)
(2.3
)
 
$
1,228

$
1,154

6.4
2.9

2.1

11.2
3.8
Knees
1,356

1,316

3.0

4.0

6.0

(2.4
)
0.4

 
1,316

1,306

0.8
(1.5
)
(2.3
)
6.8
0.1
Trauma and Extremities
989

931

6.2

8.4

18.0

(3.5
)
0.4

 
931

845

10.2
6.5

10.2

10.2
3.4
Total Reconstructive
3,823

3,710

3.1

4.4

9.2

(4.3
)
(1.4
)
 
3,710

3,549

4.5
1.5

0.9

9.3
2.3
MedSurg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Instruments
1,261

1,187

6.2

7.3

9.1

(0.4
)
3.1

 
1,187

1,085

9.4
7.4

9.4

9.5
2.9
Endoscopy
1,111

1,080

2.9

3.9

2.6

3.7

7.1

 
1,080

985

9.6
7.9

7.5

15.4
9.1
Medical
691

722

(4.3
)
(3.7
)
(7.8
)
11.1

14.8

 
722

583

23.8
22.8

25.5

16.7
11.5
Total MedSurg
3,265

3,160

3.3

4.2

3.4

3.0

6.5

 
3,160

2,803

12.7
11.2

12.6

13.2
6.9
Neurotechnology and Spine
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Spine
727

687

5.8

6.9

9.2

(1.7
)
1.7

 
687

648

6.0
4.0

2.5

14.4
7.6
Neurotechnology
842

750

12.3

13.9

19.0

3.9

7.6

 
750

320

134.4
132.3

78.6

283.6
275.7
Total Neurotechnology and Spine
1,569

1,437

9.2

10.5

13.8

1.7

5.3

 
1,437

968

48.5
46.4

28.1

99.6
92.4
Reconstructive net sales in 2012 increased 3.1% from 2011, primarily due to a 5.6% increase in unit volume and changes in product mix and 0.9% due to acquisitions. Net sales were negatively impacted by 2.2% due to changes in price and 1.3% due to the

12
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates on net sales. In constant currency, Reconstructive net sales increased by 4.4% in 2012, primarily due to increases in Trauma and Extremities and market share gains in part as a result of a competitor's product recall, offset in part by slowness in the European markets. Reconstructive net sales in 2011 increased 4.5% from 2010, primarily due to a 3.4% increase in unit volume and changes in product mix, a 3.0% favorable foreign currency impact and 0.8% due to acquisitions. The increase in units sold was due to higher industry demand. In addition, net sales were negatively impacted by 2.8% due to changes in price. In constant currency, Reconstructive net sales increased by 1.5% in 2011.
MedSurg net sales in 2012 increased 3.3% from 2011, primarily due to a 4.1% increase in unit volume and changes in product mix and 0.1% due to acquisitions, and were negatively impacted by 0.1% due to changes in price and 0.9% due to the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates on net sales. In constant currency, MedSurg net sales in 2012 increased 4.2%, led by higher shipments of Instruments and reprocessed and remanufactured medical devices; these higher shipments were partially offset by challenging global market conditions for capital equipment. MedSurg net sales in 2011 increased 12.7% from 2010, led by Medical while Endoscopy and Instruments also increased, primarily due to a 9.5% increase in unit volume and changes in product mix, 1.6% due to the favorable impact of foreign currency and 1.9% due to acquisitions. The effect of pricing on net sales was not significant. In constant currency MedSurg net sales increased by 11.2% in 2011.
Neurotechnology and Spine net sales in 2012 increased 9.2% from 2011, primarily due to an 8.5% increase in unit volume and changes in product mix and 4.2% due to acquisitions, and were negatively impacted by 2.2% due to changes in price and 1.3% due to the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates on net sales. In constant currency Neurotechnology and Spine net sales in 2012 increased 10.5%. Neurotechnology and Spine net sales in 2011 increased 48.5% from 2010, primarily due to the acquisition of Neurovascular. Sales growth from acquisitions was 42.6%. The remainder of the increase included 6.3% due to increases in unit volume and changes in product mix and 2.0% due to the favorable impact of foreign currency, and the negative impact of changes in price of 2.5%. In constant currency, Neurotechnology and Spine net sales in 2011 increased by 46.4%.
Consolidated Cost of Sales
Cost of sales decreased 1.1% from 2011 to 32.1% of sales compared to 33.8% in 2011. Cost of sales in 2012 and 2011 includes an additional cost of $18 and $143, respectively, related to inventory that was "stepped up" to fair value following acquisitions. Cost of sales for 2012 also included $5 in other restructuring related costs. Aside from these factors, the decrease in the cost of sales percentage in 2012 was primarily due to efficiencies in our manufacturing and distribution network, a favorable product mix and a favorable impact from the effect of foreign currency on costs from our euro-based manufacturing operations. Cost of sales in 2011 increased 23.0% from 2010 to 33.8% of sales compared to 31.2% in 2010. The increase in the cost of sales percentage in 2011 was primarily due to the impact of inventory "step up" and lower pricing on sales resulting in an increase in cost of sales as a percentage of sales, the impact of changes in product mix and of a weaker United States dollar on purchases from international manufacturing operations.
Research, Development and Engineering Expenses
Research, development and engineering expenses represented 5.4% of sales compared to 5.6% in 2011 and 5.4% in 2010. The spending level in 2012 decreased as a percentage of sales primarily due to the termination of all development of the OP-1 molecule in late 2011. The higher spending level in 2011 compared to 2010 was the result of our focus on new product development for anticipated future product launches and continued investments in new technologies.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 10.0% and represented 40.0% of sales compared to 37.9% in 2011 and 37.0% in 2010. In 2012 we recorded $37 in acquisition and integration-related charges compared to $66 in 2011. In addition, general and administrative costs in 2012 included $174 related to the previously disclosed voluntary recall of our Rejuvenate and ABG II modular-neck hip stems, $33 offered to the DOJ to settle the subpoena received in 2010 related to the sales and marketing of the OtisKnee device and $8 in separation costs associated with our former Chief Executive Officer. In 2011 general and administrative expenses included the payment of an intellectual property infringement claim, offset by a favorable resolution of a value added tax issue. In 2010 we sold a manufacturing facility in France and recorded a gain of $24 that is included in general and administrative expenses.
Restructuring Charges
In 2012 and 2011 we recorded $75 and $76, respectively, in restructuring charges related to focused reductions of our global workforce and other restructuring, expected to reduce our global workforce by approximately 5% and be complete by the end of 2013 at a total cost of approximately $225. The targeted reductions and other restructuring activities were initiated to provide efficiencies and realign resources in advance of the Medical Device Excise Tax, as well as to allow for continued investment in strategic areas and drive growth.
Other Income (Expense)
Other expense in 2012 increased $36 from 2011 after decreasing $22 from 2010. The increase in expense in 2012 from 2011 and the reduction in expense from 2010 to 2011 are primarily due to reductions of accrued interest expense in 2011 resulting from settlements

13
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


reached with the United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS). In 2011 we reached a favorable settlement regarding an IRS proposed adjustment to our previously filed 2003 through 2007 income tax returns related to the income tax positions we had taken for our Irish cost sharing arrangements. We also reached a settlement with the IRS with respect to the allocation of income with a wholly owned subsidiary operating in Puerto Rico for the years 2006 through 2009. The higher interest expense in 2012 due to the effect of the 2011 tax settlements was partially offset by higher interest income on our investments, due to higher cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities balances compared to 2011.
Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rate on earnings was 23.9%, 20.2% and 26.4% in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The effective income tax rate for 2012 includes the net impact of effective settlement of all tax matters through 2004 relating to two German subsidiaries, and adjustment of the estimate of foreign tax credits to the amount shown on the tax return as filed. The effective income tax rate for 2011 includes the net impact of the settlements with the IRS as described above. The effective income tax rate for 2010 includes the impact of a property, plant and equipment impairment charge, the gain on sale of a manufacturing facility and the favorable income tax expense adjustment associated with the repatriation of foreign earnings to the United States completed in 2009.
The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (the Act) was signed on January 2, 2013.  The Act provided numerous tax provisions for corporations including an extension of the research tax credit and an extension of certain provisions for companies with significant international operations.   These provisions originally expired at December 31, 2011 but were retroactively extended through December 31, 2013. In 2013 we will record tax benefits of approximately $13 related to the 2012 research tax credit and other provisions of the Act.
Net Earnings
Net earnings in 2012 decreased 3.5% from 2011 to $1,298. Basic net earnings per share in 2012 decreased 2.0% from 2011 to $3.41, and diluted net earnings per share in 2012 decreased 1.7% from 2011 to $3.39. Net earnings in 2011 increased 5.7% from 2010 to $1,345. Basic net earnings per share in 2011 increased 8.4% from 2010 to $3.48, and diluted net earnings per share in 2011 increased 8.2% from 2010 to $3.45.
Reported net earnings includes the benefits from settlements and other adjustments related to uncertain tax positions, restructuring and related charges and acquisition and integration related charges, including transaction costs, integration related costs and additional cost of sales for inventory sold in the year that was "stepped up" to fair value. In addition, 2012 net earnings includes a charge of $133 (net of taxes) related to the previously disclosed voluntary recall of our Rejuvenate and ABG II modular-neck hip stems, and $33 offered to the United States Department of Justice to resolve the matter related to the sales and marketing of our OtisKnee device for which we have recorded a corresponding non-tax deductible charge. Excluding the impact of these items, adjusted net earnings in 2012 increased 7.7% to $1,560 after increasing 9.0% in 2011. Adjusted diluted net earnings per share in 2012 increased 9.4% to $4.07 after increasing 11.7% in 2011.
The following reconciles the non-GAAP financial measures adjusted net earnings and adjusted diluted net earnings per share with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, reported net earnings and diluted net earnings per share:
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Reported net earnings
 
$
1,298

 
$
1,345

 
$
1,273

Acquisition and integration-related charges, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inventory stepped up to fair value
 
13

 
97

 

Acquisition and integration-related charges
 
24

 
45

 

Restructuring and related charges
 
59

 
60

 

Uncertain income tax position adjustments
 

 
(99
)
 

OtisKnee matter
 
33

 

 

Rejuvenate and ABG II recall
 
133

 

 

Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment
 

 

 
(13
)
Income taxes on repatriation of foreign earnings
 

 

 
(7
)
Impairment of property, plant and equipment
 

 

 
76

Adjusted net earnings
 
$
1,560

 
$
1,448

 
$
1,329

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted net earnings per share of common stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reported diluted net earnings per share
 
$
3.39

 
$
3.45

 
$
3.19

Acquisition and integration-related charges, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inventory stepped up to fair value
 
0.03

 
0.25

 

Acquisition and integration-related charges
 
0.06

 
0.12

 

Restructuring and related charges
 
0.15

 
0.16

 

Uncertain income tax position adjustments
 

 
(0.26
)
 

OtisKnee matter
 
0.09

 

 

Rejuvenate and ABG II recall
 
0.35

 

 

Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment
 

 

 
(0.03
)
Income taxes on repatriation of foreign earnings
 

 

 
(0.02
)
Impairment of property, plant and equipment
 

 

 
0.19

Adjusted diluted net earnings per share
 
$
4.07

 
$
3.72

 
$
3.33

Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding
 
383.0

 
389.5

 
399.5


14
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


The weighted-average basic and diluted shares outstanding used in the calculation of these non-GAAP financial measures are the same as the weighted-average shares outstanding used in the calculation of the reported per share amounts.

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Operating Activities
Operating cash flow was $1,657 in 2012, an increase of 15.6% from 2011. Operating cash flow resulted primarily from net earnings adjusted for non-cash items (depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation, sale of inventory "stepped up" to fair value at acquisition and deferred income taxes). The net of accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable consumed $50 of operating cash flow in 2012. Inventory contributed $18 of operating cash flow as inventory days on hand decreased by 5 days due to lower inventory levels driven primarily by improved inventory management. Accounts receivable used $20 primarily to support business growth, while accounts receivable days sales outstanding decreased by 3 days due to timing of sales.
Operating cash flow was $1,434 in 2011, a decrease of 7.3% from 2010. Operating cash flow resulted primarily from net earnings adjusted for non-cash items (depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation, sale of inventory "stepped up" to fair value at acquisition and deferred income taxes). The net of accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable consumed $274 of operating cash flow in 2011. Inventory consumed $166 of operating cash flow primarily due to the building of inventory related to acquisitions and other business growth, increased stock levels in advance of new product introductions and higher inventory levels in support of anticipated 2012 sales growth. Inventory days on hand increased by 4 days due to the impact of the above. Accounts receivable used $143, primarily due to the building of accounts receivable related to acquisitions and other business growth. Accounts receivable days sales outstanding increased by 2 days due to timing of sales.
Investing Activities
Net investing activities consumed $736 of cash in 2012 and $2,135 in 2011, primarily due to acquisitions and capital spending.
Acquisitions. Acquisitions used $154 of cash in 2012 and $2,066 in 2011. Cash used in 2012 was primarily for the acquisition of Surpass Medical for $99 as well as for milestone payments associated with previous acquisitions. Cash used in 2011 was primarily for the acquisitions of Neurovascular for $1,450; Orthovita for $316; Memometal for $150; and Concentric for $135.
Capital Spending. We manage capital spending to support our business growth. Capital expenditures, primarily to support integration of acquisitions, capacity expansion, new product introductions, innovation and cost savings, were $210 in 2012 and $226 in 2011.
Proceeds from Asset Sales. Proceeds from asset sales contributed $67 to cash in 2011, primarily due to the sale of certain assets related to the OP-1 product family.
Financing Activities
Dividend Payments. Dividends paid per common share increased 18.1% to $0.85 per share in 2012. Total dividend payments to common shareholders were $324 in 2012 and $279 in 2011. The increase in dividend payments resulted from increases in our quarterly dividend from $0.18 per share in 2011 to $0.2125 per share in 2012.
Long-Term and Short-Term Debt. We maintain debt levels we consider appropriate after evaluating a number of factors, including cash flow expectations, cash requirements for ongoing operations, investment and financing plans (including acquisitions and share repurchase activities) and overall cost of capital.
In September 2011 we sold $750 of unsecured notes due September 2016. The net proceeds from the offerings have been and will continue to be available for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including acquisitions, stock repurchases and other business opportunities. Total debt was $1,762 in 2012 and $1,768 in 2011.
Share Repurchases. The total use of cash for share repurchases was $108 in 2012 and $622 in 2011.
Liquidity
Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were $4,285 at December 31, 2012 and $3,418 at December 31, 2011 and our current assets exceeded current liabilities by $6,272 at December 31, 2012 and $5,367 at December 31, 2011. We anticipate being able to support our short-term liquidity and operating needs largely through cash generated from operations. We have also raised funds in the past in the capital markets and may continue to do so from time to time. We have strong short- and long-term debt ratings that we believe should enable us to refinance our debt as it becomes due.

In August 2012 we refinanced our credit facility with a new $1,000 Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility due August 2017 (2012 Facility). The 2012 Facility replaced the previously outstanding $1,000 Unsecured Credit Facility that would have become due in August 2013. The 2012 Facility includes an increase option permitting us to increase the size of the facility up to an additional $500, a $500 multicurrency sublimit (with no sublimit for euro borrowings) and a $100 letter of credit sublimit. The 2012 Facility has an

15
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


annual facility fee ranging from 5 to 22.5 basis points and bears interest at LIBOR, as defined in the 2012 Facility agreement, plus an applicable margin ranging from 57.5 to 127.5 basis points, both of which are dependent on our credit ratings.

Should additional funds be required we had approximately $1,063 of borrowing capacity available under all of our existing credit facilities at December 31, 2012, including the 2012 Facility. In February of 2013 we made a voluntary general offer to acquire Trauson Holdings Company Limited, a leading manufacturer of trauma and spine products in China. In connection with this offer, we have restricted $800 of our available borrowing capacity until the completion of the tender offer. The transaction is expected to close by the end of the second quarter of 2013.

At December 31, 2012, approximately 60% of our consolidated cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were held outside of the United States. These funds are considered indefinitely reinvested to be used to expand operations either organically or through acquisitions outside the United States.

Several European countries, including Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece (the Southern European Region), have been subject to credit deterioration due to weaknesses in their economic and fiscal conditions.  We continuously monitor our investment portfolio for exposures to the European debt crisis.  We currently do not have any investments in the sovereign debt instruments of the Southern European Region.  Any non-sovereign exposure in these countries in our investment portfolio is considered immaterial. 

We continually evaluate our receivables, particularly in the Southern European Region. The total net receivables from the Southern European Region were approximately $198 and $257 at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, including approximately $103 and $170, respectively, of sovereign receivables. We believe that our current reserves related to receivables are adequate and any additional credit risk associated with the European debt crisis is not expected to have a material adverse impact on our financial position or liquidity.
Guarantees and Other Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have guarantees or other off-balance sheet financing arrangements, including variable interest entities, of a magnitude that we believe could have a material impact on our financial condition or liquidity.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND FORWARD-LOOKING CASH REQUIREMENTS
As further described in Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, as of December 31, 2012 our defined benefit pension plans were underfunded by $193, of which approximately $183 related to plans outside the United States. Due to the rules affecting tax-deductible contributions in the jurisdictions the plans are offered and the impact of future plan asset performance, changes in interest rates and the potential for changes in legislation in the United States and other foreign jurisdictions, we are not able to reasonably estimate the future periods, beyond 2013, in which contributions to fund defined benefit pension plans will be made.
As further described in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, as of December 31, 2012 we have recorded a liability for uncertain income tax positions of $227. Due to uncertainties regarding the ultimate resolution of income tax audits, we are not able to reasonably estimate the future periods in which income tax payments to settle these uncertain income tax positions will be made.
Our future contractual obligations for agreements with initial terms greater than one year, including agreements to purchase materials in the normal course of business, are:
 
Payment Period
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
After 2017
 
Total
Short-term and Long-term debt
$
16

 
$

 
$
500

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,246

 
$
1,762

Unconditional purchase obligations
454

 
119

 
53

 
8

 
1

 
2

 
637

Operating leases
47

 
37

 
32

 
26

 
23

 
37

 
202

Contributions to defined benefit plans
19

 

 

 

 

 

 
19

Other
4

 
3

 
2

 
2

 
2

 
49

 
62

 
$
540

 
$
159

 
$
587

 
$
36

 
$
26

 
$
1,334

 
$
2,682


CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

In preparing our financial statements in accordance with GAAP, there are certain accounting policies that may require a choice between acceptable accounting methods or may require substantial judgment or estimation in their application. These include allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, income taxes, acquisitions, goodwill and intangible assets, and legal and other contingencies. We believe these accounting policies and the others set forth in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements should be reviewed as they are integral to understanding our results of operations and financial condition.

16
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified



Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses in the collection of accounts receivable. We make estimates regarding the future ability of our customers to make required payments based on historical credit experience and expected future trends. If actual customer financial conditions are less favorable than projected by management, additional accounts receivable write offs may be necessary, which could unfavorably affect future operating results.

Inventory Reserves

We maintain reserves for excess and obsolete inventory resulting from the potential inability to sell certain products at prices in excess of current carrying costs. We make estimates regarding the future recoverability of the costs of these products and record provisions based on historical experience, expiration of sterilization dates and expected future trends. If actual product life cycles, product demand or acceptance of new product introductions are less favorable than projected by management, additional inventory write downs may be required, which could unfavorably affect future operating results.

Income Taxes

Our annual tax rate is determined based on our income, statutory tax rates and the tax impacts of items treated differently for tax purposes than for financial reporting purposes. Tax law requires certain items be included in the tax return at different times than the items are recorded in the financial statements. Some of these differences are permanent, such as expenses that are not deductible in our tax return, and some differences are temporary and reverse over time, such as depreciation expense. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets generally represent the tax effect of items that can be used as a tax deduction or credit in future years for which we have already recorded the tax benefit in our financial statements. Deferred tax liabilities generally represent tax expense recognized in our financial statements for which payment has been deferred, the tax effect of expenditures for which a deduction has already been taken in our tax return but has not yet been recognized in our financial statements or assets recorded at fair value in business combinations for which there was no corresponding tax basis adjustment.

Inherent in determining our annual tax rate are judgments regarding business plans, tax planning opportunities and expectations about future outcomes. Realization of certain deferred tax assets is dependent upon generating sufficient taxable income in the appropriate jurisdiction prior to the expiration of the carryforward periods. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that our deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances, will be realized.

We operate in multiple jurisdictions with complex tax policy and regulatory environments. In certain of these jurisdictions, we may take tax positions that management believes are supportable but are potentially subject to successful challenge by the applicable taxing authority. These differences of interpretation with the respective governmental taxing authorities can be impacted by the local economic and fiscal environment. We evaluate our tax positions and establish liabilities in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance on uncertainty in income taxes. We review these tax uncertainties in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the progress of tax audits, and adjust them accordingly. We have a number of audits in process in various jurisdictions. Although the resolution of these tax positions is uncertain, based on currently available information, we believe that it is more likely than not that the ultimate outcomes will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Because there are a number of estimates and assumptions inherent in calculating the various components of our tax provision, certain changes or future events, such as changes in tax legislation, geographic mix of earnings, completion of tax audits or earnings repatriation plans, could have an impact on those estimates and our effective tax rate.

Acquisitions, Goodwill and Intangibles, and Long-Lived Assets

We account for acquired businesses using the purchase method of accounting. Under the purchase method, our financial statements include the operations of an acquired business starting from the completion of the acquisition. In addition, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at the date of acquisition at their respective estimated fair values, with any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired recorded as goodwill.

Significant judgment is required in estimating the fair value of intangible assets and in assigning their respective useful lives. Accordingly, we typically obtain the assistance of third-party valuation specialists for significant items. The fair value estimates are

17
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


based on available historical information and on future expectations and assumptions deemed reasonable by management but are inherently uncertain.

We typically use an income method to estimate the fair value of intangible assets, which is based on forecasts of the expected future cash flows attributable to the respective assets. Significant estimates and assumptions inherent in the valuations reflect a consideration of other marketplace participants and include the amount and timing of future cash flows (including expected growth rates and profitability), the underlying product or technology life cycles, the economic barriers to entry and the discount rate applied to the cash flows. Unanticipated market or macroeconomic events and circumstances may occur that could affect the accuracy or validity of the estimates and assumptions.

Determining the useful life of an intangible asset also requires judgment. The majority of our acquired intangible assets (e.g., certain trademarks or brands, customer relationships, patents and technologies) are expected to have determinable useful lives. Our assessment as to the useful lives of these intangible assets is based on a number of factors including competitive environment, market share, trademark and/or brand history, underlying product life cycles, operating plans and the macroeconomic environment of the countries in which the trademarks or brands are sold. Our estimates of the useful lives of determinable-lived intangibles are primarily based on these same factors. Determinable-lived intangible assets are amortized to expense over their estimated useful life.

In certain of our acquisitions, we acquire in-process research and development (IPRD) intangible assets. IPRD is considered to be an indefinite-lived intangible asset until such time as the research is completed (at which time it becomes a determinable-lived intangible asset) or determined to have no future use (at which time it is impaired).

The value of indefinite-lived intangible assets and residual goodwill is not amortized but is tested at least annually for impairment. Our impairment testing for goodwill is performed separately from our impairment testing of indefinite-lived intangibles. We perform our annual impairment test for goodwill in the fourth quarter of each year. We have adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2011-08, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Testing Goodwill for Impairment, which permits us to consider qualitative indicators of the fair value of a reporting unit when it is unlikely that a reporting unit has impaired goodwill. In certain circumstances, we may also utilize a discounted cash flow analysis that requires certain assumptions and estimates be made regarding market conditions and our future profitability. In those circumstances we test goodwill for impairment by reviewing the book value compared to the fair value at the reporting unit level. We test individual indefinite-lived intangibles by reviewing the individual book values compared to the fair value.

We determine the fair value of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets based on the income approach. Under the income approach, we calculate the fair value of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Considerable management judgment is necessary to evaluate the impact of operating and macroeconomic changes and to estimate future cash flows to measure fair value. Assumptions used in our impairment evaluations, such as forecasted growth rates and cost of capital, are consistent with internal projections and operating plans. We believe such assumptions and estimates are also comparable to those that would be used by other marketplace participants.

We did not recognize any material impairment charges for goodwill during the years presented, as our annual impairment testing indicated that all reporting unit goodwill fair values exceeded their respective recorded values. Future changes in the judgments, assumptions and estimates that are used in our impairment testing for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, including discount and tax rates or future cash flow projections, could result in significantly different estimates of the fair values. A significant reduction in the estimated fair values could result in impairment charges that could materially affect our financial statements.

We review long-lived assets for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The evaluation is performed at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows, which is at the individual asset level or the asset group level. The undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the related assets are estimated over their useful life based on updated projections. If the evaluation indicates that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable, any potential impairment is measured based upon the fair value of the related assets or asset group as determined by an appropriate market appraisal or other valuation technique. Assets classified as held for sale, if any, are recorded at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

Legal and Other Contingencies

We are involved in various ongoing proceedings, legal actions and claims arising in the normal course of business, including proceedings related to product, labor and intellectual property, and other matters that are more fully described in "Other Information" below and in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The outcomes of these matters will generally not be known for prolonged periods of time. In certain of the legal proceedings, the claimants seek damages, as well as other compensatory and

18
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


equitable relief, that could result in the payment of significant claims and settlements and/or the imposition of injunctions or other equitable relief. For legal matters for which management has sufficient information to reasonably estimate our future obligations, a liability representing management's best estimate of the probable loss, or the minimum of the range of probable losses when a best estimate within the range is not known, for the resolution of these legal matters is recorded. The estimates are based on consultation with legal counsel, previous settlement experience and settlement strategies. If actual outcomes are less favorable than those projected by management, additional expense may be incurred, which could unfavorably affect future operating results.

To partially mitigate losses arising from unfavorable outcomes in such matters, we purchase third-party insurance coverage subject to certain deductibles and loss limitations. Future operating results may be unfavorably impacted by any settlement payments or losses beyond the amounts of insurance carried. In addition, such matters may negatively impact our ability to obtain cost effective third-party insurance coverage in future periods.

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
No accounting pronouncements that were issued or became effective during the year have had or are expected to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements. For a discussion of new accounting pronouncements, see Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
OTHER INFORMATION
Hedging and Derivative Financial Instruments
We sell our products throughout the world. As a result, our financial results could be significantly affected by factors such as weak economic conditions or changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our operating results are primarily exposed to changes in exchange rates among the United States dollar, European currencies, in particular the euro, Swiss franc and the British pound, the Japanese yen, the Australian dollar and the Canadian dollar. We develop and manufacture products in the United States, China, France, Germany, Ireland, Puerto Rico and Switzerland and incur costs in the applicable local currencies. This worldwide deployment of facilities serves to partially mitigate the impact of currency exchange rate changes on our cost of sales.
We enter into forward currency exchange contracts to mitigate the impact of currency fluctuations on transactions denominated in nonfunctional currencies, thereby limiting risk that would otherwise result from changes in exchange rates. These nonfunctional currency exposures principally relate to intercompany receivables and payables arising from intercompany purchases of manufactured products. The periods of the forward currency exchange contracts correspond to the periods of the exposed transactions, with realized gains and losses included in the measurement and recording of transactions denominated in the nonfunctional currencies. All forward currency exchange contracts are recorded at their fair value each period, with resulting gains (losses) included in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
The estimated fair value of forward currency exchange contracts represents the measurement of the contracts at month-end spot rates as adjusted by current forward points. A hypothetical 10% change in foreign currencies relative to the United States dollar would change the December 31, 2012 fair value by approximately $10. We are exposed to credit loss in the event of non performance by counterparties on our outstanding forward currency exchange contracts, but we do not anticipate nonperformance by any of our counterparties.
We have certain investments in net assets in international locations that are not hedged. These investments are subject to translation gains and losses due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. For 2012 the strengthening of foreign currencies relative to the United States dollar increased the value of these investments in net assets and the related foreign currency translation adjustment gain in shareholders' equity by $50, to $226 from $176 as of December 31, 2011.
Legal and Regulatory Matters
On June 28, 2012 we voluntarily recalled our Rejuvenate and ABG II modular-neck hip stems and terminated global distribution of these hip products. We notified healthcare professionals and regulatory bodies of this recall, which was taken due to potential risks associated with fretting and/or corrosion that may lead to adverse local tissue reactions. Product liability lawsuits relating to this voluntary recall have been filed against us. As previously announced, we intend to reimburse implanted patients for reasonable and customary costs of testing and treatment services, including any necessary revision surgeries. We continue to work with the medical community to evaluate the data and further understand this matter and the associated costs. The ultimate total cost with respect to this matter will depend on many factors that are difficult to predict with the limited information received to date and may vary materially based on the number of and actual costs of patients seeking testing and treatment services, the number of and actual costs of patients requiring revision surgeries, the number of and actual costs to settle lawsuits filed against us, and the amount of third-party insurance recoveries.  Based on the information that has been received, we estimate the probable loss to resolve this matter to be in the range of approximately $190 to $390, before third-party insurance recoveries.  Accordingly, in December 2012 we recorded a charge to earnings of $174 representing the excess of the $190 minimum of the range over the previously recorded reserves. No contingent gain

19
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


for third-party recoveries was recorded as of December 31, 2012. As noted above, the final outcome of this matter is dependent on many variables that are difficult to predict.  The ultimate cost to entirely resolve this matter may be materially different than the amount of the current estimate and accruals and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In 2010 we received a subpoena from the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) related to the sales and marketing of the OtisKnee device.  The subpoena concerns allegations of violations of Federal laws related to sales of a device not cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).  We entered into discussions with the DOJ regarding the potential resolution of this matter and, in the second quarter of 2012 we recorded a non-tax deductible charge of $33 for this matter.  We continue to discuss this matter with the DOJ, but there can be no assurance that we will reach a consensual resolution rather than seeking a resolution through the courts.  While we believe we have strong arguments to defend against these allegations, if our defense is ultimately unsuccessful we estimate that it is reasonably possible that the total cost to resolve this matter may be approximately two times greater than the amount we have accrued.  The final outcome of this matter is difficult to predict, and the ultimate cost to resolve this matter may be materially different than the amount of the current estimate and accruals and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In 2010 a shareholders' derivative action complaint against certain of our current and former Directors and Officers was filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan Southern Division. This lawsuit was brought by the Westchester Putnam Counties Heavy and Highway Laborers Local 60 Benefit Funds and Laborers Local 235 Benefit Funds. The complaint alleged claims for breach of fiduciary duties and gross mismanagement in connection with certain product recalls, FDA warning letters, government investigations relating to physician compensation and the criminal proceeding brought against our Biotech division. We recently entered into a settlement agreement that requires changes to certain of Stryker's corporate governance practices.
For each of the following legal matters the final outcome is dependent on many variables and cannot be predicted. Accordingly, it is not possible at this time for us to estimate any material loss or range of losses. However, the ultimate cost to resolve these matters could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In April 2011 lawsuits brought by Hill-Rom Company, Inc. and affiliated entities (Hill-Rom) against us were filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin and the United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana.  The Wisconsin lawsuit was subsequently transferred to the United States District Court in Indiana. The suits allege infringement under United States patent laws with respect to certain patient handling equipment we manufactured and sold and seek damages and permanent injunctions. The first lawsuit involved ten patents related to the use of a motorized wheel for hospital beds and stretchers. We recently entered into an agreement settling that lawsuit. This agreement included a payment to Hill-Rom of $3.75, a covenant not to sue and a cross-license. The second lawsuit involves nine patents related to electrical network communications for hospital beds. The case has been stayed with respect to six of the patents, which are currently under reexamination by the United States Patent Office. With respect to the suit and the three remaining patents, we continue to vigorously defend ourselves. The ultimate resolution of the second suit may have no relation to the resolution of the first suit and cannot be predicted; however, the ultimate cost could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In 2010 we received a subpoena from the DOJ related to sales, marketing and regulatory matters related to the Stryker PainPump. We recently received requests for certain documents in connection with this investigation. The investigation is ongoing and we are fully cooperating with the DOJ regarding this matter.
In 2007 we disclosed that the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) made an inquiry of us regarding possible violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in connection with the sale of medical devices in certain foreign countries. Subsequently, in 2008, we received a subpoena from the United States DOJ, Criminal Division, requesting certain documents for the period since January 1, 2000 in connection with the SEC inquiry. We are fully cooperating with the DOJ and the SEC regarding these matters.
In 2007 the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General (HHS) issued us a civil subpoena seeking to determine whether we violated various laws by paying consulting fees and providing other things of value to orthopedic surgeons and healthcare and educational institutions as inducements to use Stryker's orthopedic medical devices in procedures paid for in whole or in part by Medicare. We have produced numerous documents and other materials to HHS in response to the subpoena.
ITEM 7A.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We consider our material area of market risk exposure to be exchange rate risk. Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about exchange rate risk are included in the "Other Information" section of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition in Item 7, under the caption "Hedging and Derivative Financial Instruments" on page 19.

20
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified



ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Stryker Corporation:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Stryker Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Stryker Corporation and subsidiaries at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Stryker Corporation's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 27, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.


/s/    ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Grand Rapids, Michigan
February 27, 2013

21
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified



Stryker Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
 
 
Years Ended December 31
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Net sales
 
$
8,657

 
$
8,307

 
$
7,320

Cost of sales
 
2,781

 
2,811

 
2,286

Gross profit
 
5,876

 
5,496

 
5,034

Research, development and engineering expenses
 
471

 
462

 
394

Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
3,466

 
3,150

 
2,707

Intangible asset amortization
 
123

 
122

 
58

Property, plant and equipment impairment
 

 

 
124

Restructuring charges
 
75

 
76

 

Total operating expenses
 
4,135

 
3,810

 
3,283

Operating income
 
1,741

 
1,686

 
1,751

Other income (expense), net
 
(36
)
 

 
(22
)
Earnings before income taxes
 
1,705

 
1,686

 
1,729

Income taxes
 
407

 
341

 
456

Net earnings
 
$
1,298

 
$
1,345

 
$
1,273

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings per share of common stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Basic net earnings per share of common stock
 
$
3.41

 
$
3.48

 
$
3.21

    Diluted net earnings per share of common stock
 
$
3.39

 
$
3.45

 
$
3.19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average shares outstanding—in millions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
380.6

 
386.5

 
396.4

Net effect of dilutive employee stock options
 
2.4

 
3.0

 
3.1

Diluted
 
383.0

 
389.5

 
399.5

Anti-dilutive shares excluded from the calculation of net effect of dilutive employee stock options
 
6.4

 
7.8

 
7.5


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
 
 
Years Ended December 31
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Net earnings
 
$
1,298

 
$
1,345

 
$
1,273

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net of income tax benefit (expense) [($1) in 2012, $1 in 2011, $0 in 2010)]
 
4

 
(2
)
 
(2
)
Unfunded pension gains (losses), net of income tax benefit (expense) [$25 in 2012, $8 in 2011, $14 in 2010]
 
(69
)
 
12

 
(21
)
Foreign currency translation adjustments
 
50

 
(20
)
 
(81
)
Total other comprehensive loss
 
(15
)
 
(10
)
 
(104
)
Comprehensive income
 
$
1,283

 
$
1,335

 
$
1,169


See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

22
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Stryker Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
 
December 31
 
2012
 
2011
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
1,395

 
$
905

Marketable securities
 
2,890

 
2,513

Accounts receivable, less allowance of $58 ($56 in 2011)
 
1,430

 
1,417

Inventories
 
 
 
 
Materials and supplies
 
202

 
185

Work in process
 
71

 
46

Finished goods
 
992

 
1,052

Total inventories
 
1,265

 
1,283

Deferred income taxes
 
811

 
777

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
357

 
312

Total current assets
 
8,148

 
7,207

Property, plant and equipment
 
 
 
 
Land, buildings and improvements
 
625

 
600

Machinery and equipment
 
1,607

 
1,455

Total property, plant and equipment
 
2,232

 
2,055

Less allowance for depreciation
 
1,284

 
1,167

Net property, plant and equipment
 
948

 
888

Other assets
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
 
2,142

 
2,072

Other intangibles, net
 
1,424

 
1,442

Other
 
544

 
537

Total assets
 
$
13,206

 
$
12,146

 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
 
288

 
345

Accrued compensation

467

 
444

Income taxes

70

 
155

Dividend payable

101

 
81

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

934

 
798

Current maturities of debt

16

 
17

Total current liabilities

1,876

 
1,840

Long-term debt, excluding current maturities
 
1,746

 
1,751

Other liabilities

987

 
872

Shareholders' equity
 
 
 
 
Common stock, $0.10 par value:
 
 
 
 
Authorized: 1 billion shares, outstanding: 380 million shares (381 million in 2011)
 
38

 
38

Additional paid-in capital
 
1,098

 
1,022

Retained earnings
 
7,332

 
6,479

Accumulated other comprehensive income
 
129

 
144

Total shareholders' equity
 
8,597

 
7,683

Total liabilities & shareholders' equity
 
$
13,206

 
$
12,146


See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

23
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Stryker Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
 
Total
Balances at January 1, 2010
 
$
40

 
$
900

 
$
5,398

 
$
258

 
$
6,596

Net earnings
 
 
 
 
 
1,273

 
 
 
1,273

Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(104
)
 
(104
)
Issuance of 1.5 million shares of common stock under stock option and benefit plans, including $11 excess income tax benefit
 
 
 
15

 
 
 
 
 
15

Repurchase and retirement of 8.3 million shares of common stock
 
(1
)
 
(20
)
 
(405
)
 
 
 
(426
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
69

 
 
 
 
 
69

Cash dividends declared of $0.63 per share of common stock
 
 
 
 
 
(249
)
 
 
 
(249
)
Balances at December 31, 2010
 
39

 
964

 
6,017

 
154

 
7,174

Net earnings
 
 
 
 
 
1,345

 
 
 
1,345

Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(10
)
 
(10
)
Issuance of 1.6 million shares of common stock under stock option and benefit plans, including $6 excess income tax benefit
 
 
 
13

 
 
 
 
 
13

Repurchase and retirement of 11.8 million shares of common stock
 
(1
)
 
(30
)
 
(591
)
 
 
 
(622
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
75

 
 
 
 
 
75

Cash dividends declared of $0.7525 per share of common stock
 
 
 
 
 
(292
)
 
 
 
(292
)
Balances at December 31, 2011
 
38

 
1,022

 
6,479

 
144

 
7,683

Net earnings
 
 
 
 
 
1,298

 
 
 
1,298

Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(15
)
 
(15
)
Issuance of 1.5 million shares of common stock under stock option and benefit plans, including $1 excess income tax benefit
 
 
 
7

 
 
 
 
 
7

Repurchase and retirement of 2.1 million shares of common stock
 
 
 
(6
)
 
(102
)
 
 
 
(108
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
75

 
 
 
 
 
75

Cash dividends declared of $0.9025 per share of common stock
 
 
 
 
 
(343
)
 
 
 
(343
)
Balances at December 31, 2012
 
$
38

 
$
1,098

 
$
7,332

 
$
129

 
$
8,597


See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

24
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Stryker Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
 
Years Ended December 31
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings
 
$
1,298

 
$
1,345

 
$
1,273

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation
 
154

 
160

 
165

Intangibles amortization
 
123

 
122

 
58

Share-based compensation
 
75

 
75

 
69

Restructuring charges
 
75

 
76

 

Property, plant and equipment impairment
 

 

 
124

Sale of inventory stepped up to fair value at acquisition
 
18

 
143

 
7

Deferred income tax credit
 
(39
)
 
(164
)
 
(104
)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
 
(20
)
 
(152
)
 
(121
)
Inventories
 
18

 
(166
)
 
(131
)
Accounts payable
 
(48
)
 
44

 
96

Accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
180

 
158

 
91

Income taxes
 
(159
)
 
(95
)
 
(24
)
Other
 
(18
)
 
(112
)
 
44

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
1,657

 
1,434

 
1,547

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
 
(154
)
 
(2,066
)
 
(265
)
Purchases of marketable securities
 
(3,480
)
 
(6,779
)
 
(5,619
)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities
 
3,108

 
6,869

 
5,210

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
 
(210
)
 
(226
)
 
(182
)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment
 

 
67

 
61

Net cash used in investing activities
 
(736
)
 
(2,135
)
 
(795
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings
 
178

 
178

 
100

Payments on borrowings
 
(182
)
 
(190
)
 
(81
)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net
 

 
749

 
996

Dividends paid
 
(324
)
 
(279
)
 
(238
)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock
 
(108
)
 
(622
)
 
(426
)
Other
 
(13
)
 
3

 
59

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
 
(449
)
 
(161
)
 
410

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
 
18

 
9

 
(63
)
Change in cash and cash equivalents
 
490

 
(853
)
 
1,099

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
 
905

 
1,758

 
659

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
 
$
1,395

 
$
905

 
$
1,758

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental cash flow disclosure:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds
 
$
599

 
$
574

 
$
579


See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


25
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Stryker Corporation and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2012
NOTE 1 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of Operations: Stryker Corporation (the "Company," "we," "us," or "our") is one of the world's leading medical technology companies. Our products include implants used in joint replacement and trauma surgeries; surgical equipment and surgical navigation systems; endoscopic and communications systems; patient handling and emergency medical equipment; neurosurgical, neurovascular and spinal devices; as well as other medical device products used in a variety of medical specialties.
Basis of Presentation: The Consolidated Financial Statements include the Company and its subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions are eliminated.
Use of Estimates: Preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying disclosures. These estimates are based on management's best knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future. Estimates are used in accounting for, among other items, pensions, stock options, valuation of acquired intangible assets, useful lives for depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets, future cash flows associated with impairment testing for goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets and other long-lived assets, deferred tax assets and liabilities, uncertain income tax positions and contingencies. Actual results may ultimately differ from estimates.
Revenue Recognition: Sales are recognized when revenue is realized or realizable and has been earned. Our policy is to recognize revenue when title to the product, ownership and risk of loss transfer to the customer, which can be on the date of shipment, the date of receipt by the customer or, for most reconstructive products, when we receive appropriate notification that the product has been used or implanted. A provision for estimated sales returns, discounts, rebates and other sales incentives is recorded as a reduction of net sales in the same period that the revenue is recognized. Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are included in net sales.
Cost of Sales: Cost of sales is primarily comprised of direct materials and supplies consumed in the manufacture of product, as well as manufacturing labor, depreciation expense and direct overhead expense necessary to acquire and convert the purchased materials and supplies into finished product. Cost of sales also includes the cost to distribute products to customers, inbound freight costs, warehousing costs and other shipping and handling activity.
Research, Development and Engineering Expenses: Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Costs include expenditures for new product and manufacturing process innovation and improvements to existing products and processes. Costs primarily consist of salaries, wages, consulting and depreciation and maintenance of research facilities and equipment.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses: Selling, general and administrative expense is primarily comprised of selling expenses, marketing expenses, administrative and other indirect overhead costs, amortization of loaner instrumentation, depreciation and amortization expense of non-manufacturing assets and other miscellaneous operating items.
Currency Translation: Financial statements of subsidiaries outside the United States generally are measured using the local currency as the functional currency. Adjustments to translate those statements into United States dollars are recorded in other comprehensive income (OCI). Transactional exchange gains and losses are included in earnings.
Cash Equivalents: Highly liquid investments with remaining stated maturities of three months or less when purchased are considered cash equivalents and recorded at cost.
Marketable Securities: Marketable securities consist of marketable debt securities and certificates of deposit and mutual funds. Mutual funds are acquired to offset changes in certain liabilities related to deferred compensation arrangements and are expected to be used to settle these liabilities. Pursuant to our investment policy, all individual marketable security investments must have a minimum credit quality of single A (per Standard & Poor’s and Fitch) and A2 (per Moody’s Corporation) at the time of acquisition, while the overall portfolio of marketable securities must maintain a minimum average credit quality of double A (per Standard & Poor’s and Fitch) or Aa (per Moody’s Corporation). In the event of a rating downgrade below the minimum credit quality subsequent to purchase, the marketable security investment is evaluated to determine the appropriate action to take to minimize the overall risk to our marketable security investment portfolio. As of December 31, 2012, less than 1% of our investments in marketable securities had a credit quality rating of less than single A (per Standard & Poor’s and Fitch) and A2 (per Moody’s Corporation). Our marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and trading securities.
Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable consists of trade and other miscellaneous receivables. An allowance is maintained for doubtful accounts for estimated losses in the collection of accounts receivable. Estimates are made regarding the ability of customers to make required payments based on historical credit experience and expected future trends. Accounts receivable are written off when all reasonable collection efforts are exhausted.

26
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost generally determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) cost method. For excess and obsolete inventory resulting from the potential inability to sell specific products at prices in excess of current carrying costs, reserves are maintained to reduce current carrying cost to market prices.
Financial Instruments: Our financial instruments consist of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, other investments, accounts payable, debt and foreign currency exchange contracts. With the exception of our long-term debt, which is discussed in further detail in Note 7, our estimates of fair value for financial instruments approximate their carrying amounts as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
All marketable securities are recognized at fair value. Adjustments to the fair value of marketable securities that are classified as available-for-sale are recorded as increases or decreases, net of income taxes, within accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity and adjustments to the fair value of marketable securities that are classified as trading are recorded in earnings. The amortized cost of marketable debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and discounts to maturity computed under the effective interest method. Such amortization is included in other income (expense) along with interest and realized gains and losses. The cost of securities sold is determined by the specific identification method.
We review declines in the fair value of our investments classified as available-for-sale for impairment to determine whether the decline in fair value is an other-than-temporary impairment. The resulting losses from other-than-temporary impairments of available-for-sale marketable securities are included in earnings.
All derivatives are recognized at fair value. We enter into forward currency exchange contracts to mitigate the impact of currency fluctuations on transactions denominated in nonfunctional currencies, thereby limiting our risk that would otherwise result from changes in exchange rates. These nonfunctional currency exposures principally relate to intercompany receivables and payables arising from intercompany purchases of manufactured products. The periods of the forward currency exchange contracts correspond to the periods of the exposed transactions, with realized gains and losses included in the measurement and recording of transactions denominated in the nonfunctional currencies. All forward currency exchange contracts are recorded at their fair value each period, with resulting gains (losses) included in earnings.
Property, Plant and Equipment: Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed by either the straight-line or declining-balance method over the estimated useful lives of 3 to 30 years for buildings and improvements and 3 to 10 years for machinery and equipment.
During the fourth quarter of 2010, we announced a definitive agreement to sell our OP-1 product family for use in orthopaedic bone applications and the related manufacturing facility in West Lebanon, NH. As a result of the announcement we recorded a $76 (net of taxes) impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of the associated assets to their fair value. At December 31, 2010 the assets held for sale included in current assets in our Consolidated Balance sheet totaled $62 ($29 net property, plant and equipment, $25 inventories and $8 other). On February 1, 2011, we completed the sale for total consideration of $60. No material gain or loss was recorded upon the completion of the transaction.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over fair value of tangible net assets of acquired businesses at the acquisition date, after amounts allocated to other identifiable intangible assets. Factors that contribute to the recognition of goodwill include securing synergies that are specific to our business and not available to other market participants and are expected to increase revenues and profits; acquisition of a talented workforce; cost savings opportunities; the strategic benefit of expanding our presence in core and adjacent markets; and diversifying our product portfolio.
The fair values of other identifiable intangible assets are primarily determined using the income approach. Other intangible assets include, but are not limited to, developed technology, customer relationships (which reflect expected continued customer patronage) and trademarks and patents. Intangible assets with determinable useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 4 to 40 years. In certain of our acquisitions, we acquire in-process research and development (IPRD) intangible assets. IPRD is considered to be an indefinite-lived intangible asset until such time as the research is completed (at which time it becomes a determinable-lived intangible asset) or determined to have no future use (at which time it is impaired).
Goodwill, Intangibles and Long-Lived Asset Impairment Tests: We perform our annual impairment test for goodwill in the fourth quarter of each year. We have adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2011-08, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Testing Goodwill for Impairment, which permits us to consider qualitative indicators of the fair value of a reporting unit when it is unlikely that a reporting unit has impaired goodwill. In certain circumstances, we may also utilize a discounted cash flow analysis that requires certain assumptions and estimates be made regarding market conditions and our future profitability. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are also tested at least annually for impairment by comparing the individual carrying values to the fair value.
We review long-lived assets for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The evaluation is performed at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows. Undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the related assets are estimated over the asset's useful life based on updated projections. If the evaluation

27
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


indicates that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable, any potential impairment is measured based upon the fair value of the related asset or asset group as determined by an appropriate market appraisal or other valuation technique. Assets classified as held for sale are recorded at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
Stock Options: At December 31, 2012, we had long-term incentive plans that are described more fully in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, under which stock options are granted to key employees and non-employee directors. We measure the cost of employee stock options based on the grant-date fair value and recognize that cost using the straight-line method over the period during which a recipient is required to provide services in exchange for the options, typically the vesting period. The weighted-average fair value per share of options granted during 2012, 2011 and 2010, estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, was $13.36, $17.14 and $15.87, respectively. The fair value of options granted was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions: 
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Risk-free interest rate
 
1.3
%
 
2.9
%
 
3.0
%
Expected dividend yield
 
1.5
%
 
1.4
%
 
1.4
%
Expected stock price volatility
 
27.6
%
 
26.9
%
 
28.6
%
Expected option life
 
7.1 years

 
6.9 years

 
6.8 years

The risk-free interest rate for periods within the expected life of options granted is based on the United States Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. Expected stock price volatility is based on the historical volatility of our stock. The expected option life, representing the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, is based on historical option exercise and employee termination data.
Income Taxes: Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted income tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred income tax benefits generally represent the change in net deferred income tax assets and liabilities during the year. Other amounts result from adjustments related to acquisitions as appropriate.
We operate in multiple income tax jurisdictions both within the United States and internationally. Accordingly, management must determine the appropriate allocation of income to each of these jurisdictions based on current interpretations of complex income tax regulations. Income tax authorities in these jurisdictions regularly perform audits of our income tax filings. Income tax audits associated with the allocation of this income and other complex issues, including inventory transfer pricing and cost sharing, product royalty and foreign branch arrangements, may require an extended period of time to resolve and may result in significant income tax adjustments if changes to the income allocation are required between jurisdictions with different income tax rates.
Legal and Other Contingencies: We are involved in various proceedings, legal actions and claims arising in the normal course of business, including proceedings related to product, labor and intellectual property and other matters that are more fully described in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The outcomes of these matters will generally not be known for prolonged periods of time. In certain of the legal proceedings, the claimants seek damages, as well as other compensatory and equitable relief, that could result in the payment of significant claims and settlements and/or the imposition of injunctions or other equitable relief. For legal matters for which management has sufficient information to reasonably estimate our future obligations, a liability representing management’s best estimate of the probable loss, or the minimum of the range of probable losses when a best estimate within the range is not known, for the resolution of these legal matters is recorded. The estimates are based on consultation with legal counsel, previous settlement experience and settlement strategies.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income: The components of accumulated other comprehensive income are as follows: 
 
 
Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on Securities
 
Unfunded
Pension
Gains (Losses)
 
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
Balances at January 1, 2011
 
$
2

 
$
(44
)
 
$
196

 
$
154

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(2
)
 
12

 
(20
)
 
(10
)
Balances at December 31, 2011
 

 
(32
)
 
176

 
144

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
4

 
(69
)
 
50

 
(15
)
Balances at December 31, 2012
 
$
4

 
$
(101
)
 
$
226

 
$
129

Recently Issued Accounting Standards: In 2013 the FASB issued ASU 2013-02, Presentation of Comprehensive Income: Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. The guidance requires an entity to present, either on the face of the statement where net income is presented or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income if the amount is reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. For other amounts not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income in the same reporting period, a cross reference to other disclosures that provide additional detail about the reclassification amounts is required. These provisions are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012, applied prospectively. We do not expect this amendment to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

28
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


In 2012 the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. This update amended the procedures for testing the impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets by permitting an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events and circumstances indicates that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible assets are impaired. An entity’s assessment of the totality of events and circumstances and their impact on the entity’s indefinite-lived intangible assets will then be used as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test as described in ASC 350-30, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – General Intangibles Other than Goodwill. ASU 2012-02 is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect this amendment to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Reclassifications: Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with the presentation used in 2012, primarily with respect to correct the classification of non-current deferred income taxes.
NOTE 2 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Accounting guidance on fair value measurements for certain financial assets and liabilities requires that financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1:    Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2:    Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.
Level 3:    Unobservable inputs reflecting the reporting entity's own assumptions or external inputs from active markets. 
When applying fair value principles in the valuation of assets and liabilities, we are required to maximize the use of quoted market prices and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. We calculate the fair value of our Level 1 and Level 2 instruments based on the exchange traded price of similar or identical instruments, where available, or based on other observable inputs. There were no significant transfers into or out of Level 1 or Level 2 that occurred between December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2012. The fair value of our Level 3 assets and liabilities are calculated as the net present value of expected cash flows based on externally provided or obtained inputs. Certain Level 3 assets may also be based on sale prices of similar assets. Our fair value calculations take into consideration our credit risk and that of our counterparties. Should a counterparty default, our maximum exposure to loss is the asset balance of the instrument. We did not change our valuation techniques used in measuring the fair value of any financial assets and liabilities during the year.
Our valuation of our assets and liabilities measured at fair value:
 
Total
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,395

$
905

 
$
1,395

$
905

 
$

$

 
$

$

Available-for-sale marketable securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and asset-backed debt securities
1,280

1,350

 


 
1,280

1,349

 

1

Foreign government debt securities
848

747

 


 
848

747

 


United States agency debt securities
288

241

 


 
288

241

 


Certificates of deposit
114

36

 


 
114

36

 


Other
360

140

 


 
360

140

 


Total available-for-sale marketable securities
2,890

2,514

 


 
2,890

2,513

 

1

Trading marketable securities
57

50

 
57

50

 


 


Foreign currency exchange contracts
3

1

 


 
3

1

 


 
$
4,345

$
3,470

 
$
1,452

$
955

 
$
2,893

$
2,514

 
$

$
1

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred compensation arrangements
$
57

$
50

 
$
57

$
50

 
$

$

 
$

$

Contingent consideration
103

115

 


 


 
103

115

Foreign currency exchange contracts
1

9

 


 
1

9

 


 
$
161

$
174

 
$
57

$
50

 
$
1

$
9

 
$
103

$
115

The following is a rollforward of our assets and liabilities measured at fair value using unobservable inputs (Level 3):
 
Total
 
Corporate and Asset-Backed Debt Securities
 
Foreign Government Debt Securities
 
Contingent Consideration
 
 
 
 
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
Balance at the beginning of the period
$
(114
)
$
(113
)
 
$
1

$
1

 
$

$
1

 
$
(115
)
$
(115
)
Transfers into Level 3


 


 


 


Transfers out of Level 3

(1
)
 


 

(1
)
 


Gains or (losses) included in earnings
6


 


 


 
6


Sales
(1
)

 
(1
)

 


 


Settlements
39


 


 


 
39


Other
(33
)

 


 


 
(33
)

Balance at the end of the period
$
(103
)
$
(114
)
 
$

$
1

 
$

$

 
$
(103
)
$
(115
)

29
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


The estimated fair value of the liability for contingent consideration represents milestone payments for acquisitions. The fair value of the liability was estimated using a discounted cash flow technique. Significant inputs to this technique included our probability assessments of occurrence of triggering events, appropriately discounted considering the uncertainties associated with the obligation. We remeasure this liability each reporting period and record the changes in the fair value in general and administrative expense (for probability of occurrence) and other income (expense) (for changes in time value of money) in earnings.
The following table presents quantitative information about the inputs and valuation methodologies we use for material fair value measurements classified in Level 3:
 
 
 
 
Range (Weighted Average)
 
Fair Value
Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input
Minimum
Maximum
Weighted Average
Contingent consideration
$103
Discounted cash flow
Probability of occurrence
47
100
91
The following is a summary of our marketable securities:
 
Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Gains
 
Gross Unrealized (Losses)
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
Available-for-sale marketable securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Corporate and asset-backed debt securities
$
1,277

$
1,353

 
$
4

$
2

 
$
(1
)
$
(5
)
 
$
1,280

$
1,350

  Foreign government debt securities
846

745

 
2

3

 

(1
)
 
848

747

  United States agency debt securities
288

241

 


 


 
288

241

  Certificates of deposit
114

36

 


 


 
114

36

  Other
360

140

 


 


 
360

140

  Total available-for-sale marketable securities
$
2,885

$
2,515

 
$
6

$
5

 
$
(1
)
$
(6
)
 
2,890

2,514

Trading marketable securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
57

50

Total marketable securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
2,947

$
2,564

Reported as:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Current assets-marketable securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
2,890

$
2,513

  Noncurrent assets-other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
57

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
2,947

$
2,564

The unrealized losses on our available-for-sale marketable securities were primarily caused by increases in yields as a result of changing conditions in the global credit markets. While some of these investments have been downgraded by rating agencies since their initial purchase, less than 1% of our investments in available-for-sale marketable securities had a credit quality rating of less than single A (per Standard & Poors and Fitch) and A2 (per Moody's). Because we do not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity, we do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2012. The cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale marketable securities at December 31, 2012 by contractual maturity are: 
 
 
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
 
$
470

 
$
470

Due after one year through three years
 
2,324

 
2,328

Due after three years
 
91

 
92

 
 
$
2,885

 
$
2,890

The gross unrealized losses and fair value of our investments with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2012, are as follows:
 
 
  Corporate and Asset-Backed Debt Securities
 
  Foreign Government Debt Securities
 
  U.S. Agency Debt Securities
 
  Other
 
  Total
 
 
Less Than 12 Months
Total
 
Less Than 12 Months
Total
 
Less Than 12 Months
Total
 
Less Than 12 Months
Total
 
Less Than 12 Months
Total
Number of investments
2012
216

216

 
67

67

 
27

27

 
15

15

 
325

325

2011
266

266

 
58

58

 
60

60

 
33

33

 
417

417

Fair value
2012
$
425

$
425

 
$
324

$
324

 
$
87

$
87

 
$
27

$
27

 
$
863

$
863

2011
573

573

 
285

285

 
145

145

 
88

88

 
1,091

1,091

Unrealized losses
2012
1

1

 


 


 


 
1

1

2011
5

5

 
1

1

 


 


 
6

6

Interest and marketable securities income totaled $47, $34, and $49 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and is included in Other Income (Expense).


30
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


NOTE 3 - DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING STRATEGIES
The estimated fair value of our forward currency exchange contracts represents the measurement of the contracts at month-end spot rates as adjusted by current forward points. We are exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties on our outstanding forward currency exchange contracts but do not anticipate nonperformance by any of our counterparties. Should a counterparty default, our maximum exposure to loss is the asset balance of the instrument.
For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, recognized foreign currency transaction gains (losses) included in other income (expense) in earnings were ($7), ($3) and $7, respectively.
The outstanding derivative contracts and their effects on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were:
 
 
Notional Amount
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Maximum Term (Days)
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Forward currency exchange contracts
 
$
1,352

 
$
1,577

 
$
3

 
$
1

 
$
1

 
$
9

 
183
 
119
NOTE 4 - ACQUISITIONS
In November 2012 we acquired Surpass Medical, Ltd. (Surpass) in an all cash transaction for $100, with an additional $35 to be paid upon the completion of certain milestones. Surpass develops and commercializes next-generation flow diversion stent technology to treat brain aneurysms using a unique mesh design and delivery system. The acquisition of Surpass enhances our product offerings within our Neurotechnology and Spine segment.
In October 2011 we acquired Concentric Medical, Inc. (Concentric), which manufactures and markets minimally invasive products for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, in an all cash transaction for $135. The acquisition of Concentric enhances our product offerings within our Neurotechnology and Spine segment.
In July 2011 we acquired Memometal Technologies (Memometal) in an all cash transaction for $150, including assumed debt of $9, and an additional $12 to be paid upon the completion of certain milestones. Memometal develops, manufactures and markets products for extremity (hand and foot) indications. The acquisition of Memometal enhances our product offerings within our Reconstructive segment.
In June 2011 we acquired Orthovita, Inc. (Orthovita), a developer and manufacturer of orthobiologic and biosurgery products, in an all cash transaction for $316. The acquisition of Orthovita complements our existing product offerings, primarily within our Neurotechnology and Spine segment.
In January 2011 we acquired the assets of the Neurovascular division of Boston Scientific Corporation (Neurovascular) in an all cash transaction for $1,450, with an additional $50 payment to be made upon completion of certain milestones. The acquisition of Neurovascular substantially enhances our presence in the neurotechnology market, allowing us to offer a comprehensive portfolio of products in both neurosurgical and neurovascular devices.
The effects of all the acquisitions described above are included in our Consolidated Financial Statements prospectively from the date of acquisition. Pro forma consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 would not differ significantly as a result of these acquisitions. The purchase price allocations are based upon preliminary valuations, and our estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period as valuations are finalized. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the acquired net assets of the acquisitions described above are as follows:
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Surpass
 
Concentric
 
Memometal
 
Orthovita
 
Neurovascular
Purchase price paid
 
$
100

 
$
135

 
$
141

 
$
316

 
$
1,450

Contingent consideration
 
33

 

 
11

 

 
49

Net debt assumed
 

 

 
9

 

 

Total purchase consideration
 
$
133

 
$
135

 
$
161

 
$
316

 
$
1,499

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tangible assets acquired:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inventory
 
2

 
7

 
16

 
39

 
145

Other assets
 
1

 
17

 
20

 
105

 
31

Other liabilities
 
(44
)
 
(27
)
 
(43
)
 
(73
)
 

Identifiable intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationship
 

 
10

 
4

 
26

 
100

In-process research and development
 
62

 
17

 
4

 
8

 
19

Developed technology
 
45

 
7

 
57

 
66

 
479

Other
 

 
12

 
30

 
5

 
29

Goodwill
 
67

 
92

 
73

 
140

 
696

 
 
$
133

 
$
135

 
$
161

 
$
316

 
$
1,499


31
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


The measurement periods for each of the 2011 acquisitions were finalized in 2012 and did not differ materially from the preliminary allocations.
NOTE 5 - GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
We completed our annual impairment tests of goodwill and concluded that no impairments exist. The changes in the net carrying value of goodwill by segment are as follows:
 
 
Reconstructive
 
MedSurg
 
Neurotechnology and Spine
 
Total
Balance as of January 1, 2011
 
$
464

 
$
508

 
$
100

 
$
1,072

Goodwill acquired
 
225

 
11

 
788

 
1,024

Foreign currency translation effects and other
 
(4
)
 
(9
)
 
(11
)
 
(24
)
Balance as of December 31, 2011
 
685

 
510

 
877

 
2,072

Goodwill acquired
 
8

 

 
67

 
75

Foreign currency translation effects and other
 
(2
)
 
3

 
(6
)
 
(5
)
Balance as of December 31, 2012
 
$
691

 
$
513

 
$
938

 
$
2,142

The following is a summary of our other intangible assets: 
 
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Less
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
Intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Developed technologies
 
$
1,069

990

 
$
282

222

 
$
787

768

Customer relationships
 
563

562

 
147

115

 
416

447

Patents
 
230

224

 
182

169

 
48

55

Trademarks
 
69

69

 
31

32

 
38

37

In-process research and development
 
86

47

 


 
86

47

Other
 
105

127

 
56

39

 
49

88

 
 
$
2,122

$
2,019

 
$
698

$
577

 
$
1,424

$
1,442

The estimated amortization expense for each of the next five years is as follows: 
 
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Estimated amortization expense
$
117

$
116

$
114

$
114

$
113

NOTE 6 - CONTINGENCIES AND COMMITMENTS
We are involved in various ongoing proceedings, legal actions and claims arising in the normal course of business, including proceedings related to product, labor and intellectual property and other matters. The outcomes of certain of these matters will not be known for prolonged periods of time. In certain of the legal proceedings, the claimants seek damages, as well as other compensatory and equitable relief, that could result in the payment of significant claims and settlements and/or the imposition of injunctions or other equitable relief. For legal matters for which management has sufficient information to reasonably estimate our future obligations, a liability representing management's best estimate of the probable loss, or the minimum of the range of probable losses when a best estimate within the range is not known, for the resolution of these legal matters is recorded. Estimates are based on consultation with legal counsel, previous settlement experience and settlement strategies. If actual outcomes are less favorable than those projected by management, additional expense may be incurred, which could unfavorably affect future operating results.
To partially mitigate losses arising from unfavorable outcomes in such matters, we purchase third-party insurance coverage subject to certain deductibles and loss limitations. Future operating results may be unfavorably impacted by any settlement payments or losses beyond the amounts of insurance carried. In addition, such matters may negatively impact our ability to obtain cost effective third-party insurance coverage in future periods.
On June 28, 2012 we voluntarily recalled our Rejuvenate and ABG II modular-neck hip stems and terminated global distribution of these hip products. We notified healthcare professionals and regulatory bodies of this recall, which was undertaken due to potential risks associated with fretting and/or corrosion that may lead to adverse local tissue reactions. Product liability lawsuits relating to this voluntary recall have been filed against us. As previously announced, we intend to reimburse implanted patients for reasonable and customary costs of testing and treatment services, including any necessary revision surgeries. We continue to work with the medical community to evaluate the data and further understand this matter and the associated costs. The ultimate total cost with respect to this matter will depend on many factors that are difficult to predict with the limited information received to date and may vary materially based on the number of and actual costs of patients seeking testing and treatment services, the number of and actual costs of patients requiring revision surgeries, the number of and actual costs to settle lawsuits filed against us, and the amount of third-party insurance recoveries.  Based on the information that has been received, we estimate the probable loss to resolve this matter to be in the range of approximately $190 to $390, before third-party insurance recoveries.  Accordingly, in December 2012 we recorded a charge to earnings of $174 representing the excess of the $190 minimum of the range over the previously recorded reserves. No contingent gain

32
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


for third-party recoveries was recorded as of December 31, 2012. As noted above, the final outcome of this matter is dependent on many variables that are difficult to predict.  The ultimate cost to entirely resolve this matter may be materially different than the amount of the current estimate and accruals and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In 2010 we received a subpoena from the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) related to the sales and marketing of the OtisKnee device. The subpoena concerns allegations of violations of Federal laws related to sales of a device not cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We entered into discussions with the DOJ regarding the potential resolution of this matter and, in the second quarter of 2012, we recorded a non-tax deductible charge of $33 for this matter. We continue to discuss this matter with the DOJ, but there can be no assurance that we will reach a consensual resolution rather than seeking a resolution through the courts.  While we believe we have strong arguments to defend against these allegations, if our defense is ultimately unsuccessful we estimate that it is reasonably possible that the total cost to resolve this matter may be approximately two times greater than the amount we have accrued. The final outcome of this matter is difficult to predict, and the ultimate cost to resolve this matter may be materially different than the amount of the current estimate and accruals and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In 2010 a shareholders' derivative action complaint against certain of our current and former Directors and Officers was filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan Southern Division. This lawsuit was brought by the Westchester Putnam Counties Heavy and Highway Laborers Local 60 Benefit Funds and Laborers Local 235 Benefit Funds. The complaint alleged claims for breach of fiduciary duties and gross mismanagement in connection with certain product recalls, FDA warning letters, government investigations relating to physician compensation and the criminal proceeding brought against our Biotech division. We recently entered into a settlement agreement that requires changes to certain of Stryker's corporate governance practices.
For each of the following legal matters the final outcome is dependent on many variables and cannot be predicted. Accordingly, it is not possible at this time for us to estimate any material loss or range of losses. However, the ultimate cost to resolve these matters could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In April 2011 lawsuits brought by Hill-Rom Company, Inc. and affiliated entities (Hill-Rom) against us were filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin and the United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana.  The Wisconsin lawsuit was subsequently transferred to the United States District Court in Indiana. The suits allege infringement under United States patent laws with respect to certain patient handling equipment we manufactured and sold and seek damages and permanent injunctions. The first lawsuit involved ten patents related to the use of a motorized wheel for hospital beds and stretchers. We recently entered into an agreement settling that lawsuit. This agreement included a payment to Hill-Rom of $3.75, a covenant not to sue and a cross-license. The second lawsuit involves nine patents related to electrical network communications for hospital beds. The case has been stayed with respect to six of the patents, which are currently under reexamination by the United States Patent Office. With respect to the suit and the three remaining patents, we continue to vigorously defend ourselves. The ultimate resolution of the second suit may have no relation to the resolution of the first suit and cannot be predicted; however, the ultimate cost could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In 2010 we received a subpoena from the DOJ related to sales, marketing and regulatory matters related to the Stryker PainPump. The DOJ has recently requested certain documents related to this matter. We are fully cooperating with the DOJ regarding this matter and the investigation is ongoing.
In 2007 we disclosed that the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) made an inquiry of us regarding possible violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in connection with the sale of medical devices in certain foreign countries. Subsequently, in 2008, we received a subpoena from the United States DOJ, Criminal Division, requesting certain documents for the period since January 1, 2000 in connection with the SEC inquiry. We are fully cooperating with the DOJ and the SEC regarding these matters.
In 2007 the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General (HHS) issued us a civil subpoena seeking to determine whether we violated various laws by paying consulting fees and providing other things of value to orthopedic surgeons and healthcare and educational institutions as inducements to use Stryker's orthopedic medical devices in procedures paid for in whole or in part by Medicare. We have produced numerous documents and other materials to HHS in response to the subpoena.
Purchase Commitments and Operating Leases
We have purchase commitments for materials, supplies, services and property, plant and equipment as part of the normal course of business. In addition, we lease various manufacturing, warehousing and distribution facilities, administrative and sales offices as well as equipment under operating leases. Future commitments under these obligations and minimum lease commitments under these leases are:
 
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Thereafter
Purchase obligations
$
454

$
119

$
53

$
8

$
1

$
2

Minimum lease payments
47

37

32

26

23

37


33
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Rent expense totaled $98, $96, and $81 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
NOTE 7 - LONG-TERM DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES
Our debt is summarized as follows:
 
 
December 31
 
 
2012
 
2011
3.00% senior unsecured notes, due January 15, 2015
 
$
500

 
$
500

4.375% senior unsecured notes, due January 15, 2020
 
497

 
497

2.00% senior unsecured notes, due September 30, 2016
 
749

 
749

Other
 
16

 
22

Total debt
 
1,762

 
1,768

Less current maturities
 
(16
)
 
(17
)
Long-term debt
 
$
1,746

 
$
1,751

In August 2012 we refinanced our credit facility with a new $1,000 Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility due August 2017 (2012 Facility). The 2012 Facility replaced the previously outstanding $1,000 Unsecured Credit Facility due in August 2013. The 2012 Facility includes an increase option permitting us to increase the size of the facility up to an additional $500, a $500 multicurrency sublimit (with no sublimit for euro borrowings) and a $100 letter of credit sublimit. The 2012 Facility has an annual facility fee ranging from 5 to 22.5 basis points and bears interest at LIBOR, as defined in the 2012 Facility agreement, plus an applicable margin ranging from 57.5 to 127.5 basis points, both of which are dependent on our credit ratings. The 2012 Facility requires us to comply with certain financial and other covenants. We were in compliance with all covenants at December 31, 2012.
In September 2011 we sold $750 of unsecured notes due September 2016 (the 2016 Notes). The 2016 Notes bear interest at 2.00% per year and, unless previously redeemed, will mature on September 30, 2016. We received net proceeds of $749, net of an offering discount of $1.
On July 15, 2011, we entered into a commercial paper program (the Program) under which we may issue, on a private placement basis, unsecured commercial paper notes (the Notes) up to a maximum aggregate amount outstanding at any time of $500.  We may issue the Notes under the Program from time to time. The net proceeds from the sale of the Notes will be used for general corporate purposes. The Program contains customary representations, warranties, covenants and indemnification provisions. The maturities of the Notes will vary but may not exceed 397 days, and the Notes must be in a minimum denomination of $0.25. The Notes will be sold at a discount from par or, alternatively, will be sold at par and bear interest at either a fixed or floating rate that will vary based upon market conditions at the time of the issuance of the Notes. The interest on a floating rate Note may be (a) the CD rate, (b) the commercial paper rate, (c) the federal funds rate, (d) the LIBOR rate, (e) the prime rate, (f) the treasury rate or (g) such other base rate as may be specified at the time of issuance.   The Notes will not be redeemable prior to maturity or be subject to voluntary prepayment. As of December 31, 2012, no Notes had been issued under the Program.
In addition, we have lines of credit, issued by various financial institutions, available to fund our day-to-day operating needs. At December 31, 2012, we had $1,063 of borrowing capacity available under all of our existing credit facilities.
The weighted-average interest rate, excluding required fees, for all borrowings was 3.0% at December 31, 2012. At December 31, 2012, total unamortized debt issuance costs incurred in connection with our unsecured notes were $10. The fair value of long-term debt (including current maturities) at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 was $1,866 and $1,837, respectively, based on the quoted interest rates for similar types and amounts of borrowing agreements.
Interest expense, including required fees incurred on outstanding debt and credit facilities, which is included in other income (expense), totaled $63, $56, and $53 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Interest paid on debt, including required fees, was $55, $39 and $39 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
NOTE 8 - CAPITAL STOCK
In December of 2012, 2011 and 2010, we announced that our Board of Directors had authorized us to purchase up to $405, $500 and $500, respectively, of our common stock (the 2012, 2011 and 2010 Repurchase Programs, respectively). The manner, timing and amount of purchases is determined by management based on an evaluation of market conditions, stock price and other factors and is subject to regulatory considerations. Purchases are to be made from time to time in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise.
Under the 2010 Repurchase Program, we repurchased 2.1 million shares at a cost of $108 during 2012. At December 31, 2012, the maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the authorized Repurchase Programs was $1,000. We had not made any repurchases pursuant to the 2012 or 2011 Repurchase Programs at December 31, 2012. Shares repurchased under the share repurchase programs are available for general corporate purposes, including offsetting dilution associated with stock option and other equity-based employee benefit plans.

34
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Shares reserved for future compensation grants of Stryker common stock were 29 million at December 31, 2012 and 32 million at December 31, 2011.
We have 0.5 million authorized shares of $1 par value preferred stock, none of which is outstanding.
Stock Options
We have long-term incentive plans from which we grant stock options to certain key employees and non-employee directors at an exercise price not less than the fair market value of the underlying common stock, which is the closing quoted price of our common stock on the day prior to the date of grant. The options are granted for periods of up to 10 years and become exercisable in varying installments.
A summary of stock option activity follows: 
 
 
Shares (in millions)
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding at January 1, 2012
 
22.8

 
$
50.32

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
2.6

 
53.71

 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
(3.7
)
 
40.07

 
 
 
 
Cancelled
 
(2.0
)
 
54.71

 
 
 
 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2012
 
19.7

 
$
52.23

 
5.2
 
$
105.2

Exercisable at December 31, 2012
 
12.9

 
$
51.72

 
3.9
 
$
81.3

Options expected to vest
 
6.4

 
$
53.13

 
7.7
 
$
23.0

The aggregate intrinsic value, which represents the cumulative difference between the fair market value of the underlying common stock and the option exercise prices, of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $52, $69 and $73, respectively. Exercise prices for options outstanding at December 31, 2012 ranged from $37.86 to $67.80. At December 31, 2012, there was $64 of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options granted under the long-term incentive plans; that cost is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average period of 1.5 years.
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) and Performance Stock Units (PSUs)
We grant RSUs to key employees and non-employee directors and PSUs to key employees under our long-term incentive plans. The fair value of RSUs is determined based on the number of shares granted and the closing quoted price of our common stock on the day prior to the date of grant less anticipated dividends. RSUs generally vest in one-third increments over a three-year period and are settled in stock. PSU's are earned over a three-year performance cycle and vest in March of the year following the end of that performance cycle. The number of PSUs that will ultimately be earned is based on our performance relative to pre-established goals during that three-year performance cycle. The fair value of PSUs is determined based on the closing quoted price of our common stock on the day prior to the date of grant. A summary of RSU and PSU activity follows: 
 
 
Shares
(in millions)
 
Weighted
Average
Grant date
Fair value
 
 
RSUs
 
PSUs
 
RSUs
 
PSUs
Nonvested at January 1, 2012
 
1.2

 
0.1

 
$
54.17

 
$
59.70

  Granted
 
1.0

 
0.1

 
50.90

 
54.13

  Vested
 
(0.5
)
 

 
53.17

 

  Cancelled
 
(0.2
)
 

 
52.69

 
58.07

Nonvested at December 31, 2012
 
1.5

 
0.2

 
$
52.53

 
$
54.78

At December 31, 2012, there was $51 of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested RSUs; that cost is expected to be recognized as expense over the weighted-average period of 1.0 year. The weighted-average grant date fair value per share of RSUs granted in 2012 and 2011 was $50.90 and $56.49, respectively. The fair value of RSUs vested in 2012 was $25. At December 31, 2012, there was $5 of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested PSUs; that cost is expected to be recognized as expense over the weighted-average period of 1.0 year.
Employee Stock Purchase Plans (ESPP)
Full-time and part-time employees may participate in our ESPP provided they meet certain eligibility requirements. The purchase price for our common stock under the terms of the ESPP is defined as 95% of the closing stock price on the last trading day of a purchase period. During 2012 and 2011, we issued 196,267 and 185,529 shares, respectively, under the ESPP.



35
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


NOTE 9 - RESTRUCTURING CHARGES
In 2012 and 2011 we recorded $40 and $38, respectively, in severance and related costs in connection with a focused reduction of our global workforce and other restructuring activities expected to reduce our global workforce by approximately 5%. The targeted reductions and other restructuring activities were initiated to provide efficiencies and realign resources in advance of the Medical Device Excise Tax, as well as to allow for continued investment in strategic areas and drive growth. In addition, in 2012 and 2011 we recorded $7 and $25, respectively, in asset impairment, $3 and $6, respectively, in agent conversion and $25 and $7, respectively, in contractual and other obligations, as certain of our restructuring actions resulted in the discontinued use of specific assets and the exit of certain lease and other commitments. We expect our current restructuring actions and related cash payments will be completed by the end of 2013.
A summary of our restructuring liability balance and full-year restructuring activity is as follows: 
 
 
Total
 
Agent Conversion
 
Asset Impairment
 
Severance and Related Costs
 
Contractual Obligations and Other
 
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
January 1 Balance
 
$
28

$
3

$
12

 
$
9

$

$
6

 
$

$

$

 
$
10

$
1

$
3

 
$
9

$
2

$
3

Charges to earnings
 
75

76


 
3

6


 
7

25


 
40

38


 
25

7


Cash paid
 
(59
)
(29
)
(9
)
 
(7
)

(6
)
 



 
(32
)
(29
)
(2
)
 
(20
)

(1
)
Other adjustments
 
(4
)
(22
)

 

3


 
(7
)
(25
)

 
2



 
1



December 31 Balance
 
$
40

$
28

$
3

 
$
5

$
9

$

 
$

$

$

 
$
20

$
10

$
1

 
$
15

$
9

$
2

NOTE 10 - INCOME TAXES
Earnings before income taxes consisted of: 
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
United States
 
$
591

 
$
613

 
$
566

International
 
1,114

 
1,073

 
1,163

 
 
$
1,705

 
$
1,686

 
$
1,729

Income taxes consisted of: 
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Current income tax expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States federal
 
$
227

 
$
100

 
$
308

United States state and local
 
41

 
33

 
21

International
 
178

 
372

 
231

Total current income tax expense
 
446

 
505

 
560

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States federal
 
(12
)
 
(16
)
 
(81
)
United States state and local
 
(9
)
 
(9
)
 
(2
)
International
 
(18
)
 
(139
)
 
(21
)
Total deferred income tax benefit
 
(39
)
 
(164
)
 
(104
)
Total income tax expense
 
407

 
341

 
456

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense and penalties included in other income (expense)
 
$
(4
)
 
$
36

 
$
(24
)
In 2011 we recorded an income tax benefit related to a favorable settlement with the United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS) regarding its proposed adjustment to our previously filed 2003 through 2007 income tax returns related to income tax positions we had taken for our cost sharing arrangements with two wholly-owned entities operating in Ireland, and we recorded charges for other uncertain tax positions related to the outcome of the IRS settlements. The net income tax benefit of these adjustments was $82.
Reconciliation of the United States federal statutory income tax rate to our effective income tax rate: 
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
United States federal statutory income tax rate
 
35.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
Add (deduct):
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States state and local income taxes, less federal deduction
 
1.7

 
0.9

 
0.9

International operations
 
(12.1
)
 
(13.7
)
 
(12.1
)
Repatriation of foreign earnings
 
(0.4
)
 
1.1

 
(0.4
)
Other
 
(0.3
)
 
(3.1
)
 
3.0

 
 
23.9
 %
 
20.2
 %
 
26.4
 %



36
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Deferred income tax assets and liabilities were comprised of: 
 
 
December 31
 
 
2012
 
2011
Deferred income tax assets:
 
 
 
 
Inventories
 
$
623

 
$
652

Other accrued expenses
 
212

 
185

Depreciation and amortization
 
41

 
46

State income taxes
 
54

 
39

Share-based compensation
 
115

 
115

Net operating loss carryforwards
 
90

 
72

Other
 
77

 
54

Total deferred income tax assets
 
1,212

 
1,163

Less valuation allowances
 
(13
)
 
(26
)
Total deferred income tax assets after valuation allowances
 
1,199

 
1,137

Deferred income tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
(450
)
 
(444
)
Other
 
(57
)
 
(34
)
Total deferred income tax liabilities
 
(507
)
 
(478
)
Net deferred income tax assets
 
$
692

 
$
659

Reported as:
 
 
 
 
Current assets—Deferred income taxes
 
$
811

 
$
777

Noncurrent assets—Deferred income taxes
 
63

 
62

Current liabilities—Accrued expenses and other liabilities
 

 

Noncurrent liabilities—Other liabilities
 
(182
)
 
(180
)
 
 
$
692

 
$
659

 
 
 
 
 
Accrued interest and penalties reported as accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
$
49

 
$
50

Net operating loss carryforwards totaling $284 at December 31, 2012 are available to reduce future taxable earnings of certain domestic and foreign subsidiaries. United States loss carryforwards of $146 expire between 2012 and 2021. International loss carryforwards of $138 expire beginning in 2013; however, some have no expiration. Of these carryforwards, $51 are subject to a full valuation allowance.
No provision has been made for United States federal and state income taxes or international income taxes that may result from future remittances of the undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries that are determined to be indefinitely reinvested ($6,232 at December 31, 2012). Determination of the amount of any unrecognized deferred income tax liability on these is not practicable.
The changes in the amounts recorded for uncertain income tax positions are as follows:
 
 
December 31
 
 
2012
 
2011
Balance at beginning of year
 
$
249

 
$
366

Increases related to current year income tax positions
 
17

 
25

Increases related to prior year income tax positions
 
3

 
66

Decreases related to prior year income tax positions:
 
 
 
 
Settlements and resolutions of income tax audits
 
(19
)
 
(155
)
Statute of limitations expirations
 
(23
)
 
(53
)
Balance at end of year
 
$
227

 
$
249

Reported as:
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities—Income taxes
 
$
11

 
$
21

Noncurrent liabilities—Other liabilities
 
216

 
228

 
 
$
227

 
$
249

Our income tax expense could have been reduced by $216 and $235 at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, had these uncertain income tax positions been favorably resolved. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change due to one or more of the following events in the next twelve months: expiring statutes, audit activity, tax payments, competent authority proceedings related to transfer pricing or final decisions in matters that are the subject of controversy in various taxing jurisdictions in which we operate, including inventory transfer pricing and cost sharing, product royalty and foreign branch arrangements. We are not able to reasonably estimate the amount or the future periods in which changes in unrecognized tax benefits may be resolved. Interest expense and penalties incurred associated with uncertain tax positions are included in other income (expense).
In the normal course of business, income tax authorities in various income tax jurisdictions both within the United States and internationally conduct routine audits of our income tax returns filed in prior years.  These audits are generally designed to determine if individual income tax authorities are in agreement with our interpretations of complex income tax regulations regarding the allocation of income to the various income tax jurisdictions. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to audits by income tax authorities for tax years prior to 2008. Income tax years subsequent to 2008 are open to examination in many of the income tax jurisdictions in which we operate.

37
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


NOTE 11 - RETIREMENT PLANS
We provide certain employees with defined contribution plans. A portion of our retirement plan expense under the defined contribution plans is funded with Stryker common stock. The use of Stryker common stock represents a non-cash operating activity that is not reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Defined contribution retirement plan expense
 
$
112

 
$
106

 
$
102

Defined contribution plan expense funded with Stryker common stock
 
15

 
12

 
11

Stryker common stock held by defined contribution plan
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollar amount
 
104

 
91

 
96

Shares (in millions of shares)
 
1.9

 
1.8

 
1.8

Value as a percentage of total plan assets
 
9
%
 
9
%
 
10
%
Certain of our subsidiaries have both funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans covering some or all of their employees. Substantially all of the defined benefit pension plans have projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets.
Obligations and Funded Status
 
 
December 31
 
 
2012
 
2011
Funded status
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets
 
$
254

 
$
210

Benefit obligations
 
447

 
316

Funded status
 
$
(193
)
 
$
(106
)
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
 
 
 
Noncurrent assets—other
 
$

 
$

Current liabilities—accrued compensation
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Noncurrent liabilities—other liabilities
 
(192
)
 
(105
)
Pre-tax amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
Unrecognized net actuarial loss
 
$
(150
)
 
$
(68
)
Unrecognized prior service cost
 
12

 
12

Unrecognized transition amount
 

 

 
 
$
(138
)
 
$
(56
)
The estimated net actuarial loss for the defined benefit pension plans to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost in the year ended December 31, 2013 is ($7). We estimate that an immaterial amount of amortization of prior service cost and transition amount for the defined benefit pension plans will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost in the year ended December 31, 2013.
Pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets had projected benefit obligations, accumulated benefit obligations and fair value of plan assets of $447, $417 and $254, respectively, at December 31, 2012 and $298, $292 and $195, respectively, at December 31, 2011.
Change in Benefit Obligation and Plan Assets
 
 
December 31
2012
 
2011
Change in projected benefit obligations:
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligations at beginning of year
 
$
316

 
$
308

Service cost
 
21

 
20

Interest cost
 
13

 
13

Foreign exchange impact
 
2

 
3

Employee contributions
 
6

 
4

Actuarial (gains) losses
 
110

 
(7
)
Plan amendments
 
(1
)
 
(13
)
Benefits paid
 
(20
)
 
(12
)
Projected benefit obligations at end of year
 
$
447

 
$
316

Accumulated benefit obligations at end of year
 
417

 
$
305

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31
2012
 
2011
Change in plan assets:
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
 
210

 
200

Actual return
 
33

 
(4
)
Employer contributions
 
21

 
18

Employee contributions
 
6

 
5

Foreign exchange impact
 
2

 
2

Benefits paid
 
(18
)
 
(11
)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
 
$
254

 
$
210


38
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Net periodic benefit cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
 
$
(21
)
 
$
(20
)
 
$
(16
)
Interest cost
 
(13
)
 
(13
)
 
(12
)
Expected return on plan assets
 
9

 
10

 
9

Amortization of prior service cost and transition amount
 
1

 

 

Recognized actuarial loss
 
(5
)
 
(2
)
 
(1
)
Net periodic benefit cost
 
(29
)
 
(25
)
 
(20
)
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations, recognized in other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net actuarial gain (loss)
 
(87
)
 
(10
)
 
(37
)
Recognized net actuarial loss
 
5

 
2

 
1

Prior service cost and transition amount
 

 
12

 
1

Total recognized in other comprehensive income
 
(82
)
 
4

 
(35
)
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income
 
$
(111
)
 
$
(21
)
 
$
(55
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assumptions
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average rates used in the determination of net periodic benefit cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 
4.2
%
 
4.2
%
 
4.9
%
Expected return on plan assets
 
4.2
%
 
4.6
%
 
5.2
%
Rate of compensation increase
 
3.0
%
 
1.5
%
 
2.8
%
Weighted-average discount rate used in the determination of the projected benefit obligations
 
2.9
%
 
4.2
%
 
4.2
%
Discount rate
The discount rates were selected using a hypothetical portfolio of high quality bonds at December 31 that would provide the necessary cash flows to match our projected benefit payments.
Expected return on plan assets
The expected return on plan assets is determined by applying the target allocation in each asset category of plan investments to the anticipated return for each asset category based on historical and projected returns.
Investment strategy
The investment strategy for our defined benefit pension plans is to meet the liabilities of the plans as they fall due and to maximize the return on invested assets within appropriate risk tolerances. The weighted-average target and actual allocation of plan assets by asset category is as follows:
 
Target
 
December 31
 
2012
 
2012
 
2011
Equity securities
31.8
%
 
31.2
%
 
39.0
%
Debt securities
50.0

 
47.9

 
48.0

Other
18.2

 
20.9

 
13.0

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
Valuation of Our Pension Plan Assets by Pricing Categories
 
 
Total
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
 
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
 
2012
2011
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
5

5

 
$
5

$
5

 
$

$

 
$

$

United States companies equity securities
 
77

71

 
77

71

 


 


International companies equity securities
 
23

10

 
23

10

 


 


Corporate debt securities
 
93

102

 
93

100

 

2

 


Other
 
56

22

 
22

5

 
11


 
23

17

Total
 
$
254

$
210

 
$
220

$
191

 
$
11

$
2

 
$
23

$
17

Our Level 3 pension plan assets (See Note 2 for an explanation of our fair value hierarchy) consist primarily of guaranteed investment contracts with insurance companies. The insurance contracts guarantee us principal repayment and a fixed rate of return. Our valuation of Level 3 assets is based on third-party actuarial valuations that are an estimation of the surrender value of the guaranteed investment contract between us and the insurance company. The surrender value equals the actuarial value of the notional investments underlying the guaranteed investment contract, using the actuarial assumptions as stated in the guaranteed investment contract.


39
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


Rollforward of Level 3 Pension Plan Assets
 
 
2012
 
2011
Balance at January 1
 
$
17

 
$
18

Actual return on plan assets held at the reporting date
 

 

Purchases, sales, and settlements
 
6

 
(1
)
Balance at December 31
 
$
23

 
$
17

We expect to contribute $19 to our defined benefit pension plans in 2013. The estimated future benefit payments by year based on expected future service as appropriate are: 
 
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018-2022
Expected benefit payments
 
$
14

 
$
14

 
$
14

 
$
14

 
$
14

 
$
76

NOTE 12 - SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC DATA
We segregate our operations into three reportable business segments: Reconstructive, MedSurg, and Neurotechnology and Spine. The Reconstructive segment includes orthopaedic reconstructive (hip and knee) and trauma implant systems as well as other related products. The MedSurg segment includes surgical equipment and surgical navigation systems (Instruments); endoscopic and communications systems (Endoscopy); patient handling and emergency medical equipment (Medical); and other related products. The Neurotechnology and Spine segment includes neurovascular products, spinal implant systems and other related products. The Other category shown in the table below includes corporate and global operations administration, central research and development initiatives, interest expense, interest and marketable securities income and share-based compensation, which includes compensation related to both employee and director stock option, restricted stock unit and performance stock unit grants.
Our reportable segments are business units that offer different products and services and are managed separately because each business requires different manufacturing, technology and marketing strategies. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We measure the financial results of our reportable segments using an internal performance measure that excludes acquisition and integration-related charges, restructuring and related charges, reserves for certain legal matters, certain impairments and gains on property, plant and equipment, and certain income tax adjustments associated with the repatriation of foreign earnings. Identifiable assets are those assets used exclusively in the operations of each business segment or allocated when used jointly. Corporate assets are principally cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and property, plant and equipment.
 
Reconstructive
 
MedSurg
 
Neurotechnology and Spine
 
Other
 
Total
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
Net sales
$
3,823

$
3,710

$
3,549

 
$
3,265

$
3,160

$
2,803

 
$
1,569

$
1,437

$
968

 
$

$

$

 
$
8,657

$
8,307

$
7,320

Depreciation and amortization
271

267

250

 
85

84

77

 
122

119

61

 
8

11

22

 
486

481

410

Income taxes (credit)
344

375

332

 
177

165

178

 
76

63

60

 
(110
)
(106
)
(71
)
 
487

497

499

Segment net earnings (loss)
936

926

818

 
603

535

481

 
267

221

188

 
(246
)
(234
)
(158
)
 
1,560

1,448

1,329

Other (net of income taxes):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Less acquisition and integration-related charges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(37
)
(142
)

Less restructuring charges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(59
)
(60
)

Add income tax adjustments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

99

7

Less legal matters
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(166
)


Property, plant and equipment (impairments) / gains
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


(63
)
Net earnings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,298

1,345

1,273

Total assets
3,654

3,758

3,098

 
2,996

2,358

2,287

 
2,600

2,245

764

 
3,956

3,785

4,509

 
13,206

12,146

10,658

Capital spending
87

119

106

 
51

56

47

 
53

27

13

 
19

24

16

 
210

226

182

The countries in which we have local revenue generating operations have been combined into the following geographic areas: the United States (including Puerto Rico); Europe, Middle East, Africa (EMEA); Asia Pacific; and other foreign countries, which include Canada and countries in the Latin American region. Sales are attributable to a geographic area based upon the customer’s country of domicile. Net property, plant and equipment are based upon physical location of the assets. Geographic information follows: 
 
 
Net Sales
 
Net Property, Plant & Equipment
 
 
2012
2011
2010
 
2012
2011
2010
United States
 
$
5,658

$
5,269

$
4,793

 
$
473

$
434

$
396

Europe, Middle East, Africa
 
1,266

1,382

1,228

 
410

390

350

Asia Pacific
 
1,336

1,285

991

 
58

57

42

Other foreign countries
 
397

371

308

 
7

7

10

 
 
$
8,657

$
8,307

$
7,320

 
$
948

$
888

$
798


40
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


NOTE 13 - SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY DATA (UNAUDITED)
 
 
2012 Quarter Ended
 
2011 Quarter Ended
 
 
Mar. 31
 
June 30
 
Sept. 30
 
Dec. 31
 
Mar. 31
 
June 30
 
Sept. 30
 
Dec. 31
Net sales
 
$
2,161

 
$
2,106

 
$
2,052

 
$
2,337

 
$
2,015

 
$
2,046

 
$
2,031

 
$
2,215

Gross profit
 
1,452

 
1,434

 
1,397

 
1,593

 
1,326

 
1,333

 
1,362

 
1,475

Earnings before income taxes
 
468

 
435

 
444

 
358

 
412

 
410

 
431

 
433

Net earnings
 
350

 
325

 
353

 
270

 
308

 
309

 
327

 
401

Net earnings per share of common stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
0.92

 
0.85

 
0.93

 
0.71

 
0.79

 
0.80

 
0.85

 
1.05

Diluted
 
0.91

 
0.85

 
0.92

 
0.71

 
0.78

 
0.79

 
0.84

 
1.05

Market price of common stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
High
 
55.90

 
57.14

 
56.79

 
56.75

 
65.20

 
64.61

 
60.64

 
51.13

Low
 
50.41

 
49.43

 
50.05

 
51.60

 
53.50

 
56.58

 
43.73

 
44.56

Dividends declared per share of common stock
 
$
0.2125

 
$
0.2125

 
$
0.2125

 
$
0.265

 
$
0.18

 
$
0.18

 
$
0.18

 
$
0.2125

The price quotations reported above were supplied by the New York Stock Exchange.
NOTE 14 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In February 2013 we made a voluntary general offer to acquire all the shares of Trauson Holdings Company Limited for HK$7.50 per ordinary share for a total consideration of $764 in an all cash transaction. This acquisition, which is expected to close before the end of the second quarter of 2013, will expand our presence in a key emerging market with a product portfolio and pipeline that is targeted at the value segment of the Chinese orthopaedic market.
In February 2013 we won a jury verdict of $70 in lost profits for infringement of three of our patents relating to pulsed lavage systems in a patent infringement suit that we filed in the Western District of Michigan against a competitor. It is expected that the defendant will file post-trial motions seeking to overturn the jury verdict and that it will appeal if unsuccessful in that regard. We will record this gain when all related contingencies are resolved.
ITEM 9.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
Not applicable. 
ITEM 9A.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures—An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2012 was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Interim Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Corporate Secretary (the Certifying Officers). Based on that evaluation, the Certifying Officers concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting—There was no change to our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2012 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting—The management of Stryker Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f). Stryker Corporation’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company's management and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.
Stryker Corporation’s management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on that assessment, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting is effective.
Stryker Corporation’s independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. This report appears on the following page.
Other Matters—We are in an ongoing process of implementing new Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems at certain of our divisions. An ERP system is a fully-integrated set of programs and databases that incorporate order processing, production planning and scheduling, purchasing, accounts receivable and inventory management and accounting. In connection with this ERP system implementation, we are updating our internal controls over financial reporting, as necessary, to accommodate modifications to our business processes and accounting procedures. We do not believe that this ERP system implementation will have an adverse effect on our internal control over financial reporting.

41
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified



REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS OF STRYKER CORPORATION:

We have audited Stryker Corporation and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Stryker Corporation and subsidiaries' management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Stryker Corporation and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Stryker Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the related consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive income, shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012 of Stryker Corporation and subsidiaries, and our report dated February 27, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.


/s/    ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Grand Rapids, Michigan
February 27, 2013

42
 
 



ITEM 9B.
OTHER INFORMATION.
Not applicable.

PART III

ITEM 10.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.
Information regarding our directors and certain corporate governance and other matters appearing under the captions "Information About the Board of Directors and Corporate Governance Matters," "Proposal 1—Election of Directors," "Audit Committee" and "Additional Information—Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the 2013 proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.
The names and ages of our executive officers as of January 31, 2013, the positions they held on that date and the year they first became an executive officer are:
Name
Age
Position
First Became an Executive Officer
Kevin A. Lobo
47
President and Chief Executive Officer
2011
Steven P. Benscoter
45
Vice President, Human Resources
2012
Dean H. Bergy
53
Interim Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Corporate Secretary
2003
Lonny J. Carpenter
51
Group President, Global Quality and Operations
2008
David K. Floyd
52
Group President, Orthopaedics
2012
Curtis E. Hall
56
Vice President and General Counsel
2004
Tony M. McKinney
43
Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer
2008
Katherine A. Owen
42
Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
2007
Timothy J. Scannell
48
Group President, MedSurg and Neurotechnology
2008
Ramesh Subrahmanian
51
Group President, International
2011
Each of our executive officers named above was elected by our Board of Directors to serve in the office indicated until the first meeting of the Board of Directors following the annual meeting of shareholders in 2013 or until a successor is chosen and qualified or until their resignation or removal. Each of our executive officers has held the position above or has served Stryker in various executive or administrative capacities for at least five years, except for Mr. Lobo, Mr. Floyd and Mr. Subrahmanian. Prior to joining Stryker in April 2011, Mr. Lobo held a variety of senior level leadership roles at Johnson & Johnson for the previous nine years, the most recent being Worldwide President of Ethicon Endo-Surgery. Mr. Subrahmanian, prior to joining Stryker in September 2011, held a variety of senior level leadership roles with Merck & Co. Inc., for the previous five years, most recently as Senior Vice President & President, Asia Pacific Human Health. Mr. Floyd, prior to joining Stryker in November 2012, held a variety of senior level leadership roles with DePuy (a division of Johnson & Johnson), Abbott Spine, AxioMed Spine, Centerpulse Orthopaedics and most recently was Chief Executive Officer for OrthoWorx.
The Corporate Governance Guidelines adopted by our Board of Directors, as well as the charters of each of the Audit Committee, the Finance Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee, the Compensation Committee and the Code of Ethics applicable to the principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions are available, free of charge, under the "Investors—Corporate Governance" section of our website at www.stryker.com. Print copies of such documents are available, free of charge, upon written request sent to the Corporate Secretary of Stryker Corporation at 2825 Airview Boulevard, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49002.
ITEM 11.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

Information regarding the compensation of our management appearing under the captions "Compensation Discussion and Analysis," "Compensation Committee Report," "Executive Compensation" and "Compensation of Directors" in the 2013 proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
The information under the caption "Stock Ownership" in the 2013 proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.
At December 31, 2012, we had equity compensation plans under which options are granted at a price not less than fair market value at the date of grant and under which awards of restricted stock units and performance stock units have been made. These equity

43
 
 


compensation plans were previously submitted to and approved by our shareholders. Additional information regarding our equity compensation plans appear in Note 1 and Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report. At December 31, 2012, we also had a stock performance incentive award program pursuant to which shares of our common stock have been and may be issued to certain employees with respect to performance. The status of these plans as of December 31, 2012 follows: 
Plan category
 
Number of shares of common
stock to be issued upon
exercise of outstanding options,
warrants and rights
 
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
 
Number of shares of common
stock remaining available for
future issuance under equity
compensation plans (excluding
shares reflected in the first column)
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders
 
21,552,922
 
$47.89
 
33,066,151
ITEM 13.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.
The information under the caption "Information About the Board of Directors and Corporate Governance Matters—Independent Directors" and "Information About the Board of Directors and Corporate Governance Matters—Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions" in the 2013 proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.
The information under the caption "Proposal 2—Ratification of Appointment of Our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm—Relationship with Ernst & Young LLP" in the 2013 proxy statement is incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

ITEM 15.
EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
 
(a) 1.
Financial Statements
 
 
The following Consolidated Financial Statements are set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this report.
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Financial Statements
21

 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the Years Ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
22

 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
22

 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011
23

 
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
24

 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
25

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
26

(a) 2.
Financial Statement Schedules
 
 
The consolidated financial statement schedule (Schedule II) of Stryker Corporation and its subsidiaries has been submitted as a separate section of this report following the signature page. All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulation of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable and, therefore, have been omitted.
 
(a) 3.
Exhibits
 
 
A list of exhibits required to be filed as part of this report is set forth in the Exhibit Index, which immediately precedes such exhibits, and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
(c)
Financial Statement Schedules
 

44
 
 


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
 
  
STRYKER CORPORATION
 
 
Date: February 27, 2013 
  
/s/ DEAN H. BERGY
 
  
Dean H. Bergy, Interim Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Corporate Secretary
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on the date indicated above on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated.
 
 
 
 
/s/ KEVIN A. LOBO
  
/s/ DEAN H. BERGY
Kevin A. Lobo, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
  
Dean H. Bergy, Interim Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Corporate Secretary (Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
/s/ TONY M. MCKINNEY
 
 
Tony M. McKinney, Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)
 
 
 
 
/s/ WILLIAM U. PARFET
  
/s/ RONDA E. STRYKER
William U. Parfet—Director, Non-Executive Chairman
  
Ronda E. Stryker—Director
 
 
/s/ ROCH DOLIVEUX
 
/s/ SRIKANT M. DATAR
Roch Doliveux—Director
 
Srikant M. Datar, Ph.D.—Director
 
 
/s/ LOUISE L. FRANCESCONI
  
/s/ ALLAN C. GOLSTON
Louise L. Francesconi—Director
  
Allan C. Golston—Director
 
 
/s/ HOWARD L. LANCE
  
/s/ HOWARD E. COX, JR.
Howard L. Lance—Director
  
Howard E. Cox, Jr.—Director
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 


45
 
 



SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
STRYKER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Column A
 
Column B
 
Column C
 
Column D
 
Column E
 
Column F
 
 
 
 
Additions
 
Deductions
 
 
Description
 
Balance at
Beginning
of Period
 
Charged to
Costs &
Expenses
 
Describe (a)
 
Describe (b)
 
Balance
at End
of Period
DEDUCTED FROM ASSET ACCOUNTS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2012
 
$
56

 
$
10

 
$
8

 
$

 
$
58

Year ended December 31, 2011
 
$
57

 
$
9

 
$
9

 
$
1

 
$
56

Year ended December 31, 2010
 
$
66

 
$
19

 
$
30

 
$
(2
)
 
$
57

 
(a)
Uncollectible amounts written off, net of recoveries.
(b)
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates.


46
 
Dollar amounts in millions except per share amounts or as otherwise specified


FORM 10-K—ITEM 15(a) 3. and ITEM 15(c)
STRYKER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
EXHIBIT INDEX 
 
 
 
Exhibit 3—
  
Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws
(i)
  
Restated Articles of Incorporation
(ii)
  
By-Laws — Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to our Form 8-K dated October 28, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
 
 
Exhibit 4—
  
Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including indentures—We agree to furnish to the Commission upon request a copy of each instrument pursuant to which long-term debt of Stryker Corporation and its subsidiaries not exceeding 10% of the total assets of Stryker Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries is authorized.
(i)
  
Credit Agreement, dated as of August 22, 2012, among Stryker Corporation and certain subsidiaries, as designated borrowers; the lenders party thereto; and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 8-K dated August 27, 2012 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(ii)
  
Indenture, dated January 15, 2010, between Stryker Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association.—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 8-K dated January 15, 2010 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(iii)
  
First Supplemental Indenture (including the form of 2015 note), dated January 15, 2010, between Stryker Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association.—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Form 8-K dated January 15, 2010 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(iv)
  
Second Supplemental Indenture (including the form of 2020 note), dated January 15, 2010, between Stryker Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association.—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to our Form 8-K dated January 15, 2010 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(v)
  
Third Supplemental Indenture (including the form of 2016 note), dated September 16, 2011, between Stryker Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association —Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Form 8-K dated September 16, 2011 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
 
  
 
Exhibit 10—
  
Material contracts
(i)*
  
2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan (as amended effective July 26, 2011)—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(i) to Amendment No. 1 to our Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-179142 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(ii)*
  
2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan (as amended effective February 8, 2011)—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(iii)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for stock options granted in 2013 under the 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
(iv)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for restricted stock units granted in 2013 under the 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
(v)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for performance stock units granted in 2013 under the 2011 Long-
Term Incentive Plan.

(vi)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for stock options granted in 2012 under the 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) to our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(vii)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for restricted stock units granted in 2012 under the 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ii) to our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(viii)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for performance stock units granted in 2012 under the 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(iii) to our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(ix)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for stock options granted in 2011 under the 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ii) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(x)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for restricted stock units granted in 2011 under the 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(iii) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xi)*
  
Form of grant notice and terms and conditions for performance stock units granted in 2011 under the 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(iv) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xii)*
  
Form of terms and conditions for restricted stock units granted in 2010 under the 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan.—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(iii) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 (Commission File No.000-09165).

47
 
 


(xiii)*
  
1998 Stock Option Plan (as amended effective July 23, 2008)—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ii) to our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xiv)*
  
Supplemental Savings and Retirement Plan (as amended effective January 1, 1995)—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(iii) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (Commission File No.000-09165).
(xv)*
 
Stryker Corporation Executive Bonus Plan—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K dated February 21, 2007 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
 (xvi)
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10 (xiv) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xvii)
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement for Certain Officers—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10 (xv) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xviii)
 
Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated January 3, 2011, between Boston Scientific Corporation and Stryker Corporation—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(xv) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xix)
 
Resignation Agreement and General Release dated February 21, 2012 by and between Stryker Corporation and Stephen P. MacMillan— Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K dated February 24, 2012 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xx)
 
Letter Agreement dated September 28, 2012 between Stryker Corporation and Kevin A. Lobo— Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K dated October 3, 2012 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xxi)
 
Letter Agreement dated October 1, 2012 between Stryker Corporation and Dean H. Bergy— Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Form 8-K dated October 3, 2012 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
(xxii)
 
Transition Services and Separation Agreement dated as of October 1, 2012 between Stryker Corporation and Curt R. Hartman— Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Amendment No. 1 to Form 8-K dated October 17, 2012 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
 
 
 
Exhibit 11—
  
Statement re: computation of per share earnings
(i)
  
Consolidated Statement of Earnings in Item 8 of this report.
 
 
Exhibit 21—
  
Subsidiaries of the registrant
(i)
  
List of Subsidiaries.
 
 
Exhibit 23—
  
Consent of experts and counsel
(i)
  
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
 
 
Exhibit 31—
  
Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications
(i)
  
Certification by Principal Executive Officer of Stryker Corporation.
(ii)
 
Certification by Principal Financial Officer of Stryker Corporation.
 
 
Exhibit 32—
  
18 U.S.C. Section 1350 Certifications
(i) †
  
Certification by Principal Executive Officer of Stryker Corporation.
(ii) †
 
Certification by Principal Financial Officer of Stryker Corporation.
 
 
Exhibit 99—
  
Additional exhibits
(i)*
  
2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as amended on February 10, 2009—Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99 (i) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 (Commission File No. 000-09165).
 
 
Exhibit 101—
  
XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) Documents
101.INS
  
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
  
XBRL Schema Document
101.CAL
  
XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
  
XBRL Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
  
XBRL Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
  
XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
*
compensation arrangement
furnished with this Form 10-K

48