e10vq
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2009
OR
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the Transition Period from to
Commission File Number: 001-33217
GLG PARTNERS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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20-5009693 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
incorporation or organization) |
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399 Park Avenue, 38th Floor
New York, New York 10022
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
(212) 224-7200
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period
that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated
filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
(Check one):
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Large accelerated filer þ | |
Accelerated filer o | |
Non-accelerated filer o | |
Smaller reporting company o |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
As of
November 6, 2009, there were 250,384,657 shares of the registrants
common stock outstanding.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
In addition to historical information, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains statements
relating to our future results (including certain projections and business trends) that are
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and are subject to the safe harbor created by such
section. Our actual results may differ materially from those projected as a result of certain risks
and uncertainties. Our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements
regarding our expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In
addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future
events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The
words anticipates believe, continue, could, estimate, expect, intend, may, might,
plan, possible, potential, predict, project, should, would and similar expressions
may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a
statement is not forward-looking.
The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based on
our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on
us and speak only as of the date of such statement. There can be no assurance that future
developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements
involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other
assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those
expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include,
but are not limited to, those factors described under Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors of this
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the following:
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the volatility in the financial markets; |
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our financial performance; |
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market conditions for the investment funds we manage, which we refer to as the GLG
Funds; |
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performance of GLG Funds, the related performance fees and the associated impacts on
revenues, net income, cash flows and fund inflows and outflows; |
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the impact of net inflows on our mix of assets under management and the associated
impacts on revenues; |
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the cost of retaining our key investment and other personnel or the loss of such key
personnel; |
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risks associated with the expansion of our business in size and geographically; |
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operational risk, including counterparty risk; |
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litigation and regulatory enforcement risks, including the diversion of management
time and attention and the additional costs and demands on our resources; and |
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risks associated with the use of leverage, investment in derivatives, availability
of credit, interest rates and currency fluctuations, |
as well as other risks and uncertainties, including those set forth herein and those detailed from
time to time in our other Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings. These forward-looking
statements are made only as of the date hereof, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise
the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise,
except as otherwise required by law.
Available Information
We maintain a website at www.glgpartners.com and routinely post important information on our
website for investors. Effective on or after February 1, 2010, we intend to use our website as a
means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure
obligations under Regulation FD promulgated by the SEC. These disclosures will be included on our
website under the heading Investor Relations Overview Recent News. Accordingly, investors
should monitor this portion of our website, in addition to following our press releases, SEC
filings and public conference calls and webcasts.
i
GLG PARTNERS, INC.
INDEX
ii
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
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September 30, |
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December 31, |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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ASSETS |
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Current Assets |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
274,431 |
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$ |
316,195 |
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Restricted cash |
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13,395 |
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13,315 |
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Fees receivable |
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39,224 |
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42,106 |
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Prepaid expenses and other assets |
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60,987 |
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32,751 |
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Total Current Assets |
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388,037 |
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404,367 |
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Non-Current Assets |
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Investments at fair value |
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21,834 |
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65,484 |
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Goodwill |
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587 |
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587 |
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Intangible assets (net of amortization of $1,834 and $0, respectively) |
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34,739 |
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Property and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation and
amortization of $14,544 and $11,505 respectively) |
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12,562 |
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14,076 |
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Other non-current assets |
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8,821 |
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3,868 |
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Total Non-Current Assets |
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78,543 |
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84,015 |
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Total Assets |
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$ |
466,580 |
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$ |
488,382 |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT |
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Current Liabilities |
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Rebates and sub-administration fees payable |
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$ |
22,864 |
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$ |
26,234 |
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Accrued compensation, benefits and profit share |
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65,801 |
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148,531 |
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Income taxes payable |
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17,353 |
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15,633 |
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Distributions payable |
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9,679 |
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7,592 |
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Accounts payable and other accruals |
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67,973 |
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47,176 |
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Revolving credit facility |
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12,281 |
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40,000 |
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Other liabilities |
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23,759 |
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50,765 |
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Total Current Liabilities |
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219,710 |
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335,931 |
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Non-Current Liabilities |
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Loan payable (including unamortized gain on modification of $22,287
and $0, respectively) |
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295,506 |
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530,000 |
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Convertible notes |
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228,500 |
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Total Non-Current Liabilities |
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524,006 |
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530,000 |
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Total Liabilities |
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743,716 |
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865,931 |
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Stockholders Deficit: |
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Common stock, $.0001 par value per share; 1,000,000,000 authorized,
2009: 249,625,633 issued and outstanding (2008: 245,784,390 issued
and outstanding) |
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24 |
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24 |
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Series A voting preferred stock, $.0001 par value per share;
150,000,000 authorized, 2009: 58,904,993 issued and outstanding
(2008: 58,904,993 issued and outstanding) |
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6 |
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6 |
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Additional paid in capital |
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1,423,300 |
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1,176,054 |
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Treasury stock, 2009: 17,433,220 shares of common stock (2008: 21,418,568) |
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(238,834 |
) |
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(293,434 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
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7,413 |
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(17,141 |
) |
Accumulated deficit |
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(1,486,711 |
) |
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(1,243,058 |
) |
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Total Controlling Stockholders Deficit |
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(294,802 |
) |
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(377,549 |
) |
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Non-controlling interest |
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17,666 |
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Total Stockholders Deficit |
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(277,136 |
) |
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(377,549 |
) |
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Total Liabilities and Stockholders Deficit |
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$ |
466,580 |
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$ |
488,382 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements.
1
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
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Three Months Ended |
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Nine Months Ended |
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September 30, |
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September 30, |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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Net revenues and other income |
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Management fees, net |
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$ |
39,543 |
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$ |
80,307 |
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$ |
110,001 |
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$ |
269,663 |
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Performance fees, net |
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1,945 |
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6,833 |
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50,704 |
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89,762 |
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Administration, service, and distribution fees, net |
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6,407 |
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17,751 |
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17,817 |
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60,448 |
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Other |
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326 |
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(2,796 |
) |
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7,555 |
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2,412 |
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Total net revenues and other income |
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48,221 |
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102,095 |
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186,077 |
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422,285 |
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Expenses |
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Compensation, benefits and profit share |
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(136,631 |
) |
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(227,387 |
) |
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(455,217 |
) |
|
|
(777,130 |
) |
General, administrative and other |
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(23,709 |
) |
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(30,283 |
) |
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(71,452 |
) |
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(90,816 |
) |
Amortization of intangible assets |
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(1,001 |
) |
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|
|
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(1,834 |
) |
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Third party distribution, administration and
service fees |
|
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(935 |
) |
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(1,600 |
) |
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Total expenses |
|
|
(162,276 |
) |
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|
(257,670 |
) |
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(530,103 |
) |
|
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(867,946 |
) |
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Loss from operations |
|
|
(114,055 |
) |
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(155,575 |
) |
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|
(344,026 |
) |
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(445,661 |
) |
Realized gain / (loss) on available-for-sale
investments |
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1,029 |
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(20,188 |
) |
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Gain on debt extinguishment |
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84,821 |
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Gain on business combination negative goodwill |
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21,122 |
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Interest income |
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|
196 |
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|
2,043 |
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|
845 |
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6,685 |
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Interest expense |
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(3,051 |
) |
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(6,028 |
) |
|
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(9,618 |
) |
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(18,795 |
) |
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Loss before income taxes |
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(115,881 |
) |
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(159,560 |
) |
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(267,044 |
) |
|
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(457,771 |
) |
Income tax benefit/(expense) |
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1,300 |
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(3,160 |
) |
|
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(1,252 |
) |
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(12,656 |
) |
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Net loss |
|
|
(114,581 |
) |
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|
(162,720 |
) |
|
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(268,296 |
) |
|
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(470,427 |
) |
Less non-controlling interests: |
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Share of loss |
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15,634 |
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35,861 |
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Cumulative dividends on exchangeable shares |
|
|
(71 |
) |
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(2,896 |
) |
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|
(11,218 |
) |
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(12,194 |
) |
Exchangeable shares dividend |
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(1,472 |
) |
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(4,418 |
) |
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Net loss attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(99,018 |
) |
|
$ |
(167,088 |
) |
|
$ |
(243,653 |
) |
|
$ |
(487,039 |
) |
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Net loss per share basic and diluted |
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$ |
(0.45 |
) |
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$ |
(0.79 |
) |
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$ |
(1.12 |
) |
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$ |
(2.30 |
) |
Weighted average common stock outstanding basic
and diluted (in thousands) |
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220,614 |
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211,417 |
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|
218,078 |
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|
211,357 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements.
2
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT
(US Dollars in thousands)
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Accumulated Other |
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Additional |
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Comprehensive |
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Total |
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Paid in |
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Preferred |
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Income/(Deficit) |
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Accumulated |
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Non-controlling |
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shareholders |
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Treasury Stock |
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Common Stock |
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Capital |
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Stock |
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** |
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Income/(Deficit) |
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Interest |
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Equity/(Deficit) |
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Balance as of December 31, 2008 |
|
$ |
(293,434 |
) |
|
$ |
24 |
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|
$ |
1,176,054 |
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$ |
6 |
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|
$ |
(17,141 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,241,758 |
) |
|
$ |
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|
$ |
(376,249 |
) |
Effect of adoption of FAS 141(R) (primarily
codified into FASB ASC Topic 805) (note 2) |
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(1,300 |
) |
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|
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(1,300 |
) |
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Balance as of December 31, 2008 restated |
|
$ |
(293,434 |
) |
|
$ |
24 |
|
|
$ |
1,176,054 |
|
|
$ |
6 |
|
|
$ |
(17,141 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,243,058 |
) |
|
$ |
|
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|
$ |
(377,549 |
) |
|
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Comprehensive loss |
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Net loss |
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|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
(243,653 |
) |
|
|
(35,861 |
) |
|
|
(279,514 |
) |
Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges (nil
tax applicable) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
513 |
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|
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|
123 |
|
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|
636 |
|
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale
investments (nil tax applicable) |
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|
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
1,475 |
|
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|
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|
1,475 |
|
Transfer to realized loss on
available-for-sale investments on disposal
(nil tax applicable) |
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|
9,368 |
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|
|
|
|
|
9,368 |
|
Transfer to realized loss on
available-for-sale investments on other
than temporary impairment (nil tax
applicable) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
10,872 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,872 |
|
Foreign currency translation (nil tax applicable) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,326 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
556 |
|
|
|
2,882 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,554 |
|
|
|
(243,653 |
) |
|
|
(35,182 |
) |
|
|
(254,281 |
) |
Share based compensation (net of non-controlling interest) |
|
|
54,600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
250,131 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52,833 |
|
|
|
357,564 |
|
Capital contributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(91 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
(76 |
) |
Issue of new shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64,220 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64,220 |
|
Shares repurchased |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(67,014 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(67,014 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of September 30, 2009 |
|
$ |
(238,834 |
) |
|
$ |
24 |
|
|
$ |
1,423,300 |
|
|
$ |
6 |
|
|
$ |
7,413 |
|
|
$ |
(1,486,711 |
) |
|
$ |
17,666 |
|
|
$ |
(277,136 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
** |
|
Comprised of: unrealized gain/(loss) on available-for-sale investments of $920 at September 30,
2009 and of $(20,795) at December 31, 2008; foreign currency translation of $5,980 at September
30, 2009 and of $3,654 at December 31, 2008; unrealized gains on cashflow hedges of $513 at
September 30, 2009 and of $0 at December 31, 2008. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements.
3
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(US Dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
Cash Flows From Operating Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(268,296 |
) |
|
$ |
(470,427 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on business combination negative goodwill |
|
|
(21,122 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Gain on debt extinguishment |
|
|
(84,821 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
4,535 |
|
|
|
2,019 |
|
Share based compensation |
|
|
357,564 |
|
|
|
574,355 |
|
Cumulative dividend |
|
|
(11,218 |
) |
|
|
(12,194 |
) |
Foreign exchange movements on foreign currency bank accounts |
|
|
(4,294 |
) |
|
|
10,786 |
|
Realized loss on available-for-sale investments |
|
|
20,188 |
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows (net of assets and liabilities acquired in SGAM UK acquisition) due to
changes in: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees receivable |
|
|
10,130 |
|
|
|
348,348 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
|
|
(21,393 |
) |
|
|
(3,625 |
) |
Rebates and sub-administration fees payable |
|
|
(5,090 |
) |
|
|
(135 |
) |
Accrued compensation, benefits and profit share |
|
|
(21,948 |
) |
|
|
(282,643 |
) |
Income taxes payable |
|
|
1,804 |
|
|
|
(16,635 |
) |
Distributions payable |
|
|
2,087 |
|
|
|
(27,919 |
) |
Accounts payable and other accruals |
|
|
(2,724 |
) |
|
|
10,492 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
(33,151 |
) |
|
|
14,488 |
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in)/ provided by operating activities |
|
|
(77,749 |
) |
|
|
146,910 |
|
Cash Flows From Investing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redemption of available-for-sale securities |
|
|
51,943 |
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of trading securities |
|
|
(4,589 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of subsidiary |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,500 |
) |
Cash acquired (net of purchase consideration) of subsidiary |
|
|
7,337 |
|
|
|
|
|
Transfer to restricted cash |
|
|
(80 |
) |
|
|
(297 |
) |
Purchase of property and equipment |
|
|
(1,256 |
) |
|
|
(7,091 |
) |
|
|
|
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities |
|
|
53,355 |
|
|
|
(9,888 |
) |
Cash Flows From Financing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issue of convertible notes |
|
|
228,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
Loan repayment |
|
|
(170,700 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Debt issue costs |
|
|
(12,495 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Warrant exercises |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,568 |
|
Warrant repurchases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(37,582 |
) |
Share repurchases |
|
|
(67,014 |
) |
|
|
(3,987 |
) |
Capital contributions |
|
|
(76 |
) |
|
|
525 |
|
Dividends paid |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10,652 |
) |
Acquisition-related transaction costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(308 |
) |
Distribution to principals and trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(118,354 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities |
|
|
(21,785 |
) |
|
|
(167,790 |
) |
|
|
|
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
(46,179 |
) |
|
|
(30,768 |
) |
Effect of foreign currency translation on cash |
|
|
4,415 |
|
|
|
(10,967 |
) |
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
|
|
316,195 |
|
|
|
429,422 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
|
$ |
274,431 |
|
|
$ |
387,687 |
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements.
4
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
GLG Partners, Inc. (the Company) was incorporated in the state of Delaware on June 8, 2006
under the name Freedom Acquisition Holdings, Inc (Freedom). The Company was formed to acquire an
operating business through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase or
other similar business combination. On November 2, 2007 the Company completed the acquisition (the
Acquisition) of GLG Partners LP and its affiliated entities (collectively, GLG).
The Company is a U.S.-listed asset management company offering its clients a diverse range of
alternative and traditional investment products and account management services. The Companys
primary business is to provide investment management advisory services for various investment funds
and companies (the GLG Funds) and accounts it manages. The Companys revenues are primarily
derived from management fees and administration fees charged to the GLG Funds and accounts it
manages based on the value of assets in and performance of those funds and accounts. The unaudited
condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). Certain information and footnote
disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with US generally
accepted accounting principles (US GAAP) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the SECs
rules and regulations.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with
the consolidated and combined financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Companys
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in US Dollars ($) and
prepared under US GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal
recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position,
results of operations and cash flows of the Company have been included. The unaudited condensed
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All
intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
The Company operates in one business segment, the management of global funds and accounts. The
Company uses a multi-strategy approach, offering a range of funds across, among other things,
equity, credit, macro, convertible and emerging markets products. The Company does not own a
substantive controlling interest in any of the GLG Funds it manages and as a result none of the GLG
Funds are combined or consolidated by the Company.
5
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Included below are excerpts of GLG Partners Incs significant accounting policies, including those
that have been revised in 2009. For a complete listing of GLG Partners Incs significant accounting
policies, please refer to GLG Partners Incs Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2008.
Principals of Consolidation
Upon consummation of the Acquisition, the GLG Entities became wholly owned subsidiaries of the
Company and from that date the financial statements have been prepared on a consolidated basis and
consolidate those entities over which the legal parent, the Company, has control over significant
operating, financial or investing decisions.
The Company consolidates certain entities it controls through a majority voting interest or
otherwise in which the Company is presumed to have control. All intercompany transactions and
balances have been eliminated.
The Company has determined that majority of the GLG Funds that it manages are Variable
Interest Entities in that the management contract cannot be terminated by a simple majority of
unrelated investors. The Company has determined that it is not the Primary Beneficiary and so does
not consolidate any of the GLG Funds. The Company earns substantially all of its revenue from the
GLG Funds and managed accounts. In addition, the Acquisition related cash compensation has been
invested in two GLG Funds, and the Companys results are exposed to changes in the fair value of
these funds as disclosed in Note 4.
Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries
FA Sub 2 Limited Exchangeable Shares
Upon consummation of the Acquisition, Noam Gottesman and the Gottesman GLG Trust received, in
exchange for their interests in GLG Entities, 58,904,993 exchangeable Class B ordinary shares of FA
Sub 2 Limited (the Exchangeable Shares) and 58,904,993 shares of the Companys Series A voting
preferred stock (the Series A preferred stock), in addition to their proportionate share of the
cash consideration.
The Exchangeable Shares are exchangeable for an equal number of shares of the Companys common
stock at any time for no cash consideration at the holders option. Upon exchange of the
Exchangeable Shares, an equivalent number of shares of the Companys Series A preferred stock will
be concurrently redeemed. The shares of Series A preferred stock are entitled to one vote per share
and to vote with the common stockholders as a single class but have no economic rights. The
Exchangeable Shares carry dividend rights but no voting rights except with respect to certain
limited matters which will require the majority vote or written consent of the holders of
Exchangeable Shares. The combined ownership of the Exchangeable Shares and the Series A preferred
stock provides the holders of these shares with voting rights that are equivalent to those of the
Companys common stockholders.
The holders of the Exchangeable Shares receive a cumulative dividend based on the Companys
estimate of the net taxable income of FA Sub 2 Limited allocable to such holders multiplied by an
assumed tax rate of 44.38%. The cumulative dividend rights of the holders of the Exchangeable
Shares are in excess of those of the Companys common stockholders, and these rights are presented
as an expense within non-controlling interest in the condensed consolidated statements of
operations. The amount recorded in respect of the cumulative dividends for the nine months ended
September 30, 2009 was $11,218.
At the FA Sub 2 Limited level, the Exchangeable Shares have the same liquidation and income
rights as other ordinary shareholders of FA Sub 2 Limited, and consequently the non-controlling
interest is calculated as the Exchangeable Shareholders proportionate share of net assets
prospectively from January 1, 2009. Prior to this date, the non-controlling interest only shared in
losses to the extent that they have available equity to absorb losses.
6
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
Revenue Recognition
Management fees are calculated as a percentage of net assets under management based upon the
contractual terms of investment advisory and related agreements and recognized as earned as the
related services are performed. These fees are generally payable monthly in arrears.
Performance fees are calculated as a percentage of investment gains (which includes both
realized and unrealized gains) less management and administration fees, subject in certain cases to
performance hurdles, over a measurement period, generally six months. The Company has elected to
not recognize performance fee revenues and related compensation until the end of the measurement
period when the amounts are contractually payable, or crystallized.
The majority of the investment funds and accounts managed by the Company have contractual
measurement periods that end on each of June 30 and December 31. As a result, the performance fee
revenues for the first and third fiscal quarters do not reflect revenues from uncrystallized
performance fees during these three-month periods and will be reflected instead at the end of the
fiscal quarter in which such fees crystallize.
In certain cases, the Company may rebate a portion of its gross management and performance
fees in order to compensate third-party institutional distributors for marketing its products and,
in a limited number of cases, in order to incentivize clients to invest in GLG Funds managed by the
Company. Such arrangements are generally priced at a portion of the Companys management and
performance fees paid by the fund. The Company has recorded its revenues net of rebates.
Administration fees are calculated on a similar basis as management fees and are recognized as
the related services are performed. From its gross administration fees, the Company pays
sub-administration fees to third-party administrators and custodians. Administration fees are
recognized net of sub-administration fees. In addition, most funds managed by the Company have
share classes with distribution fees that are paid to third party institutional distributors.
Rebates and sub-administration fees on the balance sheet represent amounts payable under the
rebate and sub-administration fee arrangements described above.
Where a single-manager alternative strategy fund or internal Fund of Funds (FoF) managed by
the Company invests in an underlying single-manager alternative strategy fund managed by the
Company, the investing fund is the top-level GLG Fund into which a client invests and the
investee fund is the underlying GLG Fund into which the investing fund allocates funds for
investment. When one of the single-manager alternative strategy funds or internal FoFs managed by
the Company invests in an underlying single-manager alternative strategy fund managed by the
Company:
|
|
|
management fees are charged at the investee fund level, except in the case of (1) an
investment by the GLG Emerging Markets Fund in the GLG Emerging Markets (Special
Assets) Fund where management fees are charged only at the investing fund level, (2)
the GLG Multi Strategy Fund where management fees are charged at both the investee and
investing fund levels and (3) the GLG Balanced Managed Fund and the GLG Stockmarket
Managed Fund where management fees are charged only at the investing fund level; |
|
|
|
|
performance fees are charged at the investee fund level, except in the case of (1)
an investment by the GLG Emerging Markets Fund in the GLG Emerging Markets (Special
Assets) Fund where performance fees are charged only at the investing fund level and
(2) the GLG Global Aggressive Fund where performance fees are charged at both the
investee and investing fund levels, to the extent, if any, that the performance fee
charged at the investing fund level is greater than the performance fee charged at the
investee fund level; and |
|
|
|
|
administration fees, where applicable, are charged at both the investing and
investee fund levels. |
7
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
Due to the impact of foreign currency exposures on management and performance fees, the
Company has elected to utilize cash flow hedge accounting to hedge a portion of its anticipated
foreign currency denominated revenue. The effective portion of the hedge is recorded as a component
of other comprehensive income and is released into management or performance fee income,
respectively, when the hedged revenues impact the income statement. The ineffective portion of the
hedge is recorded each period as derivative gain or loss in other income or other expense,
respectively. See Derivatives and Hedging below for a further discussion of the Companys
foreign exchange hedging activities.
Third Party Distribution, Administration and Service Fees
Included in third party distribution, administration and service fees are sub-transfer agency
fees that are paid to third parties for processing client share purchases and redemptions, call
center support and client reporting.
Derivatives and Hedging
The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risks relating to performance and management fees
denominated in foreign currencies and also to general, administration and other costs denominated
in foreign currencies. Forward foreign exchange contracts on various foreign currencies are entered
into to manage those risks. These contracts are designated as cash flow hedges, with changes in
fair value attributable to changes in the relevant spot rates recorded in other comprehensive
income and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged
forecasted transaction affects earnings. Changes in the fair value of the hedge attributable to the
spot-forward differential are recorded directly in the income statement.
For those derivatives that are designated as hedges and for which hedge accounting is desired,
the hedging relationship is formally designated and documented at its inception. The document
identifies the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge, the hedging
instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of risk being hedged and how effectiveness
will be measured throughout its duration. Such hedges are expected at inception to be highly
effective in offsetting changes in cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine
that they actually have been highly effective throughout the reporting period for which they were
designated.
The Company has hedged £12,000,000 of monthly operating expenditure from October to December
2009 with a final settlement date of January 15, 2010.
Change in Accounting Policy
On January 1, 2009, the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting
Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 805, Business Combinations, (formerly Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 141R, Business Combinations (SFAS 141R)), became applicable.
The Company had previously recognized transaction costs relating to the acquisition of Société
Générale Asset Management UK (SGAM UK) as a prepaid expense and other asset as at December 31,
2008. Under the new provisions, the Company is required to expense transaction costs relating to an
acquisition in the period to which the cost relates.
The change in the accounting policy has the following effect on the financial statements:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
Adjusted(1) |
|
As filed |
|
Change |
Balance sheet |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
|
$ |
32,751 |
|
|
$ |
34,051 |
|
|
$ |
(1,300 |
) |
Stockholders Deficit: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
$ |
(1,243,058 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,241,758 |
) |
|
$ |
1,300 |
|
Statement of Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated net loss |
|
$ |
(630,997 |
) |
|
$ |
(629,697 |
) |
|
$ |
1,300 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The December 31, 2008 amounts were adjusted for comparability purposes to adjust for
acquisition costs related to the acquisition of SGAM UK which was agreed to in December 2008 and
completed in April 2009. Certain acquisition related costs were incurred in 2008. |
8
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
SFAS 141(R)/Topic 805 - In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No 141(R), Business
Combinations (FAS 141(R)), which was primarily codified in Topic 805 in the ASC. The standard
replaces SFAS No. 141 and establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer of a
business recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the
liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree. SFAS 141(R) also provides
guidance for recognizing and measuring the goodwill acquired in the business combination and
determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the
nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141(R) applied prospectively to
business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first
annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. As at December 31, 2008 the
Company had capitalized $1,300 for acquisition costs arising from in-progress acquisitions. On
transition to SFAS 141(R) in the period ended September 30, 2009, these costs have been
retrospectively taken to the statement of operations.
FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1/Topic 825- FASB Final Staff Position No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1
(FSP FAS-107-1 and APB-28-1), which were primarily codified into Topic 825 Financial Instruments
in the ASC. This standard amends SFAS No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial
Instruments , to require disclosures about fair value of financial instruments for interim
reporting periods as well as in annual financial statements. FSP FAS-107-1 and APB-28-1 also amend
APB Opinion No. 28, Interim Financial Reporting to require those disclosures in summarized
financial information at interim reporting periods. FSP FAS-107-1 and APB-28-1 was issued in April
2009 and is effective prospectively for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. The
application of FSP FAS-107-1 and APB-28-1 has expanded the Companys disclosures regarding the use
of fair value in interim periods.
SFAS 165/Topic 855 - Effective June 30, 2009, the Company adopted SFAS No. 165, Subsequent
Events, (SFAS 165), which was primarily codified in Topic 855 Subsequent Events in the ASC. This
standard is based upon the same principles that exist within the auditing standards and formally
establishes accounting standards for disclosing those events occurring after the balance sheet date
but before financial statements are issued or available to be issued. SFAS 165 requires public
entities to evaluate subsequent events through the date that financial statements are issued, while
all other entities should evaluate subsequent events through the date that financial statements are
available to be issued. SFAS 165 categorizes subsequent events into recognized subsequent events
(or historically Type I events) and non-recognized subsequent events (or historically Type II
events). SFAS 165 also enhances disclosure requirements for subsequent events. SFAS 165 was
effective upon issuance. The adoption of SFAS 165 did not have a material impact on the Companys
financial position or results of operations.
SFAS 167 - In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, Amendments to FASB Interpretation
No. 46(R) (SFAS 167), which has not yet been codified in the ASC. SFAS 167, which amends FIN
46(R), prescribes a qualitative model for identifying whether a company has a controlling financial
interest in a variable interest entity (VIE) and eliminates the quantitative model prescribed by
FIN 46(R). The new model identifies two primary characteristics of a controlling financial
interest: (1) provides a company with the power to direct significant activities of the VIE, and
(2) obligates a company to absorb losses of and/or provides rights to receive benefits from the
VIE. SFAS 167 requires a company to reassess on an ongoing basis whether it holds a controlling
financial interest in a VIE. A company that holds a controlling financial interest is deemed to be
the primary beneficiary of the VIE and is required to consolidate the VIE. This statement is
effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009. As such, the Company plans to adopt
SFAS 167 effective January 1, 2010. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this
standard, which
9
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
may result in the consolidation of a number of GLG Funds, but is not expected to
have a material impact on the net income available to the Companys common stockholders.
SFAS 168/Topic 105 - In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, The FASB Accounting
Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (SFAS 168),
which was primarily codified into Topic 105 Generally Accepted Accounting Standards. SFAS 168
establishes the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (The Codification), which was officially
launched on July 1, 2009, and became the primary source of authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by
the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC
under the authority of Federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC
registrants. The subsequent issuances of new standards will be in the form of Accounting Standards
Updates that will be included in the Codification. SFAS 168 is effective for financial statements
issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. As the Codification is
neither expected nor intended to change GAAP, the adoption of SFAS 168 did not have a material
impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
3. BUSINESS COMBINATION
On April 3, 2009, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of SGAM UKs long-only asset
management business for £4,500,000 ($6,450) in cash. The asset purchase was accounted for as an
acquisition of a business. The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets and
liabilities acquired at closing.
The purchase price allocations were:
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible asset customer-related management contracts (10 year life)1 |
|
$ |
33,338 |
|
Cash |
|
|
13,787 |
|
Investments |
|
|
2,016 |
|
Fixed assets |
|
|
164 |
|
Deferred tax liability |
|
|
(9,334 |
) |
Other net liabilities |
|
|
(12,399 |
) |
Fair Value of Net Assets acquired |
|
$ |
27,572 |
|
The excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over consideration price was recognized in
the six months ended June 30, 2009 statement of operations as a separate line item. The Company
has considered the recognition of the gain as a bargain purchase as being reflective of industry
conditions at the time of the negotiation of the acquisition and the business strategy of the
seller. The Company expects to achieve synergies in respect of ongoing operating costs and
expansion of its distribution channels.
Intangible assets have been recognized in respect of acquired management contracts. To arrive
at a fair value, management determined that the highest and best use of the management contracts
was to value them as part of a going concern business. This valuation method presumes the continued
utilization of the assets as a component of the business in connection with all other assets. This
concept is known as value in use. This value is not intended to represent the amount that might
be realized from piecemeal disposition of the assets or from some other use of the assets.
In connection with post-acquisition restructuring, the Company has recorded approximately
$3,300 in employment termination costs. The costs were substantially incurred in the second quarter
of 2009.
|
|
|
1 |
|
Management considers the management
contracts to have an expected average useful life of 10 years and consequently
the contracts will be amortized on a straight line basis over the remaining
average useful life. The expected amortization amount for the year ending
December 31, 2009 is $2,499 and $3,334 for each of the years ending December
31, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. |
10
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
4. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The
Company utilizes ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and
Disclosures, in relation to
accounting for assets and liabilities carried at fair value. This standard defines fair value as
the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The standard also establishes a
fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of inputs used in valuation methodologies into the
following three levels:
|
|
|
Level 1: Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices, unadjusted, for
identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted price in an active market
provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair
value whenever available. |
|
|
|
|
Level 2: Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar
assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs to the valuation methodology include
quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not
active; or inputs to the valuation methodology that are derived principally from or can
be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. |
|
|
|
|
Level 3: Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the
fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments
whose value is determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as
instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management
judgment or estimates. |
a) Assets and Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
The following table presents fair value measurements for major categories of the Companys
financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2009 |
|
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
Level 1 |
|
|
Level 2 |
|
|
Level 3 |
|
|
Level 1 |
|
|
Level 2 |
|
|
Level 3 |
|
Foreign exchange derivatives
(presented in other assets) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
970 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
42 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Trading investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,589 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Available-for-sale investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,245 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
65,484 |
|
Foreign exchange derivatives
(presented in other
liabilities) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(242 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
728 |
|
|
$ |
21,834 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
42 |
|
|
$ |
65,484 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange derivatives
Other assets and other liabilities include the fair value of foreign exchange derivatives,
which are valued at quoted forward prices from foreign exchange counterparties and discounted to
present value using prevailing risk free rates for the Companys functional currency.
11
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
Investments
Investments
at fair value include available-for-sale and trading securities held
in the following GLG
Funds:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GLG Multi-Strategy Coupon Fund
|
|
Available-for-sale |
|
|
GLG Global Opportunity (Special Assets) Fund
|
|
Available-for-sale |
|
|
GLG Treasury Fund
|
|
Available-for-sale |
|
|
GLG European Opportunity (Lehman Recovery)
|
|
Trading |
|
|
GLG Technology (Lehman Recovery)
|
|
Trading |
These investments are valued at the final Net Asset Value (NAV) as calculated by the GLG
Funds administrator. As these funds have limited liquidity, the Company has determined its
investments in these GLG Funds to be Level 3 assets. These NAVs, and the associated fair values of
underlying investments, have been reviewed by the GLG Funds Independent Pricing Committee.
A reconciliation of the movements in Level 3 assets is presented below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair Value Measurements |
|
|
|
Quoted Prices in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Active Markets for |
|
Significant Other |
|
Significant |
|
|
|
Identical Assets |
|
Observable Inputs |
|
Unobservable Inputs |
|
|
|
(Level 1) |
|
(Level 2) |
|
(Level 3) |
|
Movements in Level 3 assets for the
nine-month period were as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments in GLG Funds |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Opening Balance January 1, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
65,484 |
|
Change in fair value recorded in
other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
Change in fair value recorded in
other comprehensive income
currency translation adjustment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
219 |
|
Change in unrealized losses recorded
in other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,475 |
|
Investments acquired in business
combination |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,016 |
|
Purchase of investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,589 |
|
Redemption proceeds |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(51,943 |
) |
Closing Balance September 30, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
21,834 |
|
Total unrealized gains in investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
920 |
|
During the quarter ended March 31, 2009, the Company redeemed a portion of its investment in
the GLG Global Opportunity Fund, realizing a loss on disposal of $10,345. At March 31, 2009 the
Company had impairments of $6,025 in the GLG Global Opportunity Fund (through its successor, the
GLG Global Opportunity (Special Assets) Fund) and $4,847 in the GLG Multi-Strategy Fund. Due to a
change arising in that quarter in managements ability and intent to hold the equity investments
for a sufficient period to recover the impairment, $10,872 was realized as an other than temporary
impairment to the statement of operations. Both the realized loss on disposal and other than
temporary impairment charge of $10,872 have been recorded in the statement of operations as a
realized loss on available-for-sale investments of $21,217 in the three months ended March 31,
2009.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2009, the Company redeemed $5,322 of its investment in
the GLG Global Opportunity (Special Assets) Fund and $12,581 of its investments in the GLG
Multi-Strategy Fund, realizing a
12
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
total gain on disposal of $977. The Company also transferred its remaining underlying assets
in the GLG Multi-Strategy Fund to the GLG Multi-Strategy Coupon Fund.
In August and September 2009, the Company purchased investments totaling $4,589 in the GLG
European Opportunity (Lehman Recovery) and the GLG Technology (Lehman Recovery) Funds which are
being accounted for at fair value.
b) Fair value measurements of Other financial instruments recorded at other than fair value:
Loan payable
There are no active or inactive markets for the Companys term loan or quoted prices for
similar liabilities traded as assets in markets that are active. To arrive at a fair value for the
loan payable, the Company has adopted a market based approach based on the amount the Company would
receive if it were to enter into an identical liability at the reporting date. The Company
considers that this is reflected in the par value of the loan.
Convertible notes
There are no active markets for the Companys convertible notes. The Company has determined
the fair value of the convertible note to $282,000 by comparing inactive market broker quotes to
internal models.
c) Fair value measurements of Other assets and liabilities recorded at other than fair value:
The carrying value of other financial assets and liabilities approximates fair value.
5. CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
The Companys receivables relate to investment management, administration and performance fees
receivable from GLG Funds and managed accounts. These fees are due upon determination by the
administrator, and the fees are in preference to other creditors in the event of liquidation.
Consequently, the Company does not have any material concentrations of credit risk.
6. DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING
The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risks relating to performance and management fees
denominated in foreign currencies and also general, administration and other costs denominated in
foreign currencies. Forward foreign exchange contracts on various foreign currencies are entered
into to manage those risks. These contracts are designated as cash flow hedges with changes in fair
value attributable to changes in the relevant spot rates recorded in other comprehensive income and
reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted
transaction affects earnings. Changes in the fair value of the hedge attributable to the
spot-forward differential are recorded directly in the income statement.
For those derivatives that are designated as hedges and for which hedge accounting is desired,
the hedging relationship is formally designated and documented at its inception. The document
identifies the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge, the hedging
instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of risk being hedged and how effectiveness
will be measured throughout its duration. Such hedges are expected at inception to be highly
effective in offsetting changes in cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine
whether they actually have been highly effective throughout the reporting period for which they
were designated.
13
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2009, the fair value of financial
instruments has been recorded as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
September 30, 2009 |
|
|
September 30, 2009 |
|
Total Fair Value of Derivative Financial Instruments (included in
Other Assets) |
|
$ |
970 |
|
|
$ |
970 |
|
Total Fair Value of Derivative Financial Instruments (included in
Other Liabilities) |
|
|
(242 |
) |
|
|
(242 |
) |
Total Fair Value of Derivative Financial Instruments at September 30,
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(all designated in a cash flow hedge) |
|
$ |
728 |
|
|
$ |
728 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less: Fair value of Derivative Financial Instruments at start of period |
|
|
(2,856 |
) |
|
|
(42 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Movement in Fair Value of Derivative Financial Instruments during the
period |
|
$ |
(2,128 |
) |
|
$ |
686 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in Fair Values are allocated as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statement of Changes in Equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) / gain recorded in other comprehensive income in period
cash flow hedges |
|
$ |
(948 |
) |
|
$ |
2,937 |
|
Gain reclassified from other comprehensive income to income |
|
|
(805 |
) |
|
|
(2,301 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total (loss)/gain in Other Comprehensive Income |
|
$ |
(1,753 |
) |
|
$ |
636 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statement of Operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in General, Administrative & Other expenses effective
portion of hedge reclassified from other comprehensive income |
|
$ |
817 |
|
|
$ |
1,612 |
|
Decrease in Compensation, benefits and profit share effective
portion of hedge reclassified from other comprehensive income |
|
|
673 |
|
|
|
1,423 |
|
Decrease in Management Fees effective portion of hedge reclassified
from other comprehensive income |
|
|
(686 |
) |
|
|
(734 |
) |
Decrease in Other income (ineffective portion of hedge and excluded
from effectiveness assessment) |
|
|
(1,179 |
) |
|
|
(2,251 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total impact on Statement of Operations |
|
$ |
(375 |
) |
|
$ |
50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total impact on Comprehensive Income |
|
$ |
(2,128 |
) |
|
$ |
686 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
7. DEBT
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average interest |
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
rate |
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
Revolving credit facility
|
|
|
2.29% |
|
|
$ |
12,281 |
|
|
$ |
40,000 |
|
Term loans
|
|
|
2.29% |
|
|
|
295,506 |
|
|
|
530,000 |
|
Convertible Note
|
|
|
5.00% |
|
|
|
228,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
536,287 |
|
|
$ |
570,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restructuring of debt
On May 15, 2009, the Company restructured its syndicated term loan and revolving loan
facilities, with $284,500 ($27,720 of the revolving credit facility and $256,780 of the term loan)
being repurchased by a consolidated subsidiary at 60% of par value.
The discount of $113,800 arising from the restructuring, together with the unamortized costs
from the original Acquisition financing of $4,778 and the direct finance costs relating to the
refinancing of $5,967 were allocated to each syndicate lender. The loan and revolving credit
facility for each lender was evaluated under ASC Topic 470-50, Modifications and Extinguishments,
as to whether the loan or facility had been extinguished, reduced or remained unchanged.
The outcome of the evaluation of the revolving credit facility and term loan was that $84,821
of the discount on repurchase was recognized in the statement of operations as a gain on
extinguishment, $26,467 was added to the amortized cost of the continuing term loan, to be
amortized against interest expense over the remaining period of the loan under the effective yield
basis ($22,287 remaining at September 30, 2009), and $6,910 remaining costs were deferred and will
be amortized over the term of the debt.
Amendment of the credit agreement
In connection with the debt restructuring, the terms of the existing credit agreement were
amended. The amendments included the cancellation of the financial covenants (minimum AUM and
average ratio), the spread payable over LIBOR was amended to 250 basis points from the previous
matrix (based on a trailing twelve month leverage ratio) and the principal repayment provisions
were accelerated based on excess cash flow as defined in the amended credit agreement.
Issuance of Convertible Notes
On May 15, 2009 in connection with the restructuring of the credit agreement, the Company
issued $214,000 principal amount of convertible notes, due 2014, in a private offering to qualified
institutional buyers under SEC Rule 144A. On June 8, 2009 a further $14,500 principal amount of
convertible notes were issued in respect of an over-allotment option. The convertible notes were
issued at par and carry an interest rate of 5.00% per annum. Interest is payable semi-annually in
arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning November 15, 2009.
Subject to restrictions on ownership of common stock, holders may convert their notes into
shares of common stock at any time on or prior to the business day immediately preceding the
maturity date of the notes. The initial conversion rate for the notes is 268.8172 shares of common
stock per $1 initial principal amount of notes (which represents an initial conversion price of
approximately $3.72 per share).
15
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
Upon conversion of a note, a holder will not receive any cash payment of interest and the
conversion rate will not be adjusted for accrued or unpaid interest. Delivery of common stock is
deemed to satisfy all obligations with respect to notes tendered for conversion. Notes can only be
converted in denominations of $1 and multiples thereof. Cash will be paid in lieu of any fractional
shares only.
Conversion rate adjustments will be made if there is an event which dilutes the value of
common stock (e.g., Share split, issuing common stock as a dividend or share combination). The
conversion rate will be increased if there is a designated event which is a change of control or in
connection with the conversion of notes at a time when the Company
is in default of its obligations to file, have declared effective or maintain the
effectiveness of a shelf registration statement for the resale of the notes.
If at any time after the third anniversary of the original issuance date of the notes the
volume-weighted average price of the Companys common stock exceeds 150% of the conversion price on
at least 20 of the 30 consecutive trading days, the conversion rights may be withdrawn upon notice
given between 30 and 60 days prior to the withdrawal.
The holders of notes have the option to require the Company to repurchase the notes if there
is a designated event. A designated event is if the Companys common stock ceases to be listed on
the securities exchange or there is a change of control involving the Company.
In the event of a written request from holders of notes representing at least 10% of the then
outstanding principal amount of the notes, the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to
file a shelf registration statement relating to resales of the notes and shares of common stock
issuable on conversion of the notes.
The notes are subordinated in right of payment to the prior payment of senior indebtedness,
currently consisting of the revolving credit facility and the term loan discussed above.
The Company incurred $6,524 of direct costs in connection with the issuance of the notes.
These have been deferred and will be recognized over the term of the notes as an adjustment to
interest expense.
8. INCOME TAXES
The Company calculates its effective tax rate on profit before tax and certain non-tax
deductible expenses and non-taxable income. For the three months ended September 30, 2009, $110,115
of the Companys compensation expense related to acquisition-related share based compensation,
$102,974 of which is not tax deductible, compared to $188,005 for the three months ended September
30, 2008, $180,833 of which was non tax deductible. For the third quarter of 2009, the Company also
recognized amortization of intangibles of $1,001 which is non-tax
deductible and a realized gain on available-for-sale investments of $1,029 which is non-taxable. The Companys (loss)
/profit before tax and before these expenses was $(12,935) and $21,273 for the three months ended
September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Companys effective tax rate based on this measure
was 10.1% and 14.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. These
rates differ from the U.S. Federal rate of tax of 35% as the Companys profits are predominantly
earned outside the United States where lower rates of tax apply.
For the first nine months of 2009, $365,703 of the Companys compensation expense related to
acquisition-related share based compensation, $339,540 of which is not tax deductible, compared to
$588,508 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, $541,398 of which was non-tax deductible.
For the first nine months of 2009, the Company also recognized amortization of intangibles of
$1,834 and a realized loss on available-for-sale investments of $20,188, which are both non-tax
deductible and negative goodwill arising on business combination of $21,122 which is non-taxable.
The Companys profit before tax and before these expenses was $73,395 and $83,628 for the nine
months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Companys effective tax rate based on
this measure was 1.7% and 15.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008,
respectively. These rates differ from the U.S. Federal rate of tax of 35% as the Companys profits
are predominantly earned outside the United States where lower rates of tax apply.
16
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
9. STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT
The following transactions occurred in the common stock of the Company during the first nine
months of 2009:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Shares |
|
Common stock outstanding at December 31, 2008 |
|
|
245,784,390 |
|
Shares issued as compensation |
|
|
28,290,535 |
|
Shares repurchased |
|
|
(28,991,258 |
) |
Shares issued under share plan awards |
|
|
5,195,216 |
|
Stock forfeited and cancelled under share-based compensation arrangements |
|
|
(653,250 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Common Stock outstanding at September 30, 2009 |
|
|
249,625,633 |
|
|
|
|
|
No dividends have been declared in 2009. On October 26, 2008 a dividend of $0.025 per share of
common stock was declared payable on October 21, 2008 to holders of record on October 10, 2008. A
dividend of $0.025 per share was also declared payable on October 21, 2008 to holders of the FA Sub
2 Limited Exchangeable Shares.
10. NET LOSS PER SHARE OF COMMON STOCK
The Company calculates net income per share of common stock in accordance with ASC Topic 260,
Earnings Per Share. The Company calculated diluted earnings per share for all periods using the
if-converted method for all participating securities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009
and 2008 the FA Sub 2 Limited Exchangeable Shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted
earnings per share as they were anti-dilutive.
The Company applied the two-class method for determining basic earnings per share for the
post-Acquisition period. The Exchangeable Shares and the unvested shares issued in connection with
share-based compensation, and determined to be participating securities, were excluded from the
calculation as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. In addition, the holders of the Exchangeable
Shares participate equally with ordinary shareholders in the liquidation preferences of FA Sub 2
Limited, but have neither a liquidation interest in GLG Partners, Inc. nor any obligation to fund
losses in either FA Sub 2 Limited or GLG Partners, Inc. Consequently, the Company believes it is
appropriate to exclude the Exchangeable Shares from the calculation of basic earnings per share.
Undistributed earnings have not been allocated to the unvested shares as they do not have a
contractual obligation to fund the losses of the Company.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
Net loss applicable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(99,018 |
) |
|
$ |
(167,088 |
) |
|
$ |
(243,653 |
) |
|
$ |
(487,039 |
) |
Weighted-average common stock outstanding
(in thousands) basic and diluted |
|
|
220,614 |
|
|
|
211,417 |
|
|
|
218,078 |
|
|
|
211,357 |
|
Net loss per share applicable to common
stockholders basic and diluted |
|
$ |
(0.45 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.79 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.12 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.30 |
) |
The following common stock equivalents have been excluded from the computation of the
weighted-average stock outstanding used for computing diluted earnings per share as of September
30, 2009 and 2008 as they would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
17
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
Common stock held in Treasury |
|
|
18,509 |
|
|
|
25,382 |
|
|
|
20,438 |
|
|
|
25,382 |
|
FA Sub 2 Limited Exchangeable Shares |
|
|
58,905 |
|
|
|
58,905 |
|
|
|
58,905 |
|
|
|
58,905 |
|
Convertible Notes |
|
|
61,425 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30,707 |
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock awarded in connection
with share-based compensation
arrangements |
|
|
10,493 |
|
|
|
8,882 |
|
|
|
10,493 |
|
|
|
8,882 |
|
Public warrants |
|
|
32,985 |
|
|
|
32,985 |
|
|
|
32,985 |
|
|
|
32,985 |
|
Co-investment warrants |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
5,000 |
|
Sponsors warrants |
|
|
4,500 |
|
|
|
4,500 |
|
|
|
4,500 |
|
|
|
4,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
191,817 |
|
|
|
135,654 |
|
|
|
163,028 |
|
|
|
135,654 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In addition to the above, there were 12,000,003 Founders warrants that are only exercisable if
and when the last sales price of the Companys common stock exceeds $14.25 per share for any 20
trading days within a 30-trading day period beginning 90 days after November 2, 2007.
11. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ending September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attributed to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attributed to |
|
|
non- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attributed to |
|
|
|
controlling |
|
|
controlling |
|
|
Total |
|
|
controlling |
|
Net Loss |
|
$ |
(99,018 |
) |
|
$ |
(15,634 |
) |
|
$ |
(114,652 |
) |
|
$ |
(167,088 |
) |
Gains on cash flow hedges released
to statement of operations |
|
|
(650 |
) |
|
|
(155 |
) |
|
|
(805 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges |
|
|
(765 |
) |
|
|
(183 |
) |
|
|
(948 |
) |
|
|
(9,527 |
) |
Change in unrealized gains on
available-for-sale investments |
|
|
807 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
807 |
|
|
|
(127 |
) |
Release of unrealized gain on
available-for-sale investments to
statement of operations |
|
|
(977 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(977 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation |
|
|
1,713 |
|
|
|
410 |
|
|
|
2,123 |
|
|
|
2,490 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive loss |
|
$ |
(98,890 |
) |
|
$ |
(15,562 |
) |
|
$ |
(114,452 |
) |
|
$ |
(174,252 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ending September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attributed to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attributed to |
|
|
non- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attributed to |
|
|
|
controlling |
|
|
controlling |
|
|
Total |
|
|
controlling |
|
Net Loss |
|
$ |
(243,653 |
) |
|
$ |
(35,861 |
) |
|
$ |
(279,514 |
) |
|
$ |
(487,039 |
) |
Gains on cash flow hedges released
to statement of operations |
|
|
(1,857 |
) |
|
|
(444 |
) |
|
|
(2,301 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges |
|
|
2,370 |
|
|
|
567 |
|
|
|
2,937 |
|
|
|
(13,472 |
) |
Change in unrealized gains on
available-for-sale investments |
|
|
1,475 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,475 |
|
|
|
1,695 |
|
Release of unrealized loss on
available-for-sale investments to
statement of operations |
|
|
20,240 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,240 |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation |
|
|
2,326 |
|
|
|
556 |
|
|
|
2,882 |
|
|
|
(259 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive loss |
|
$ |
(219,099 |
) |
|
$ |
(35,182 |
) |
|
$ |
(254,281 |
) |
|
$ |
(499,075 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. PROFORMA STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS IMPACT OF ADOPTION OF SFAS 160 (ASC Topic 810-10-65)
As required under the transitional provisions of ASC Topic 810-10-65, Transition Related to
FASB Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statementsan amendment
of ARB No. 51, the following pro forma statement of operations is presented to show the Companys
results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 and the nine months
ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 under the rules relating to non-controlling interests before the
adoption of the standard.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
September 30, |
|
September 30, |
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Net revenues and other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management fees, net |
|
$ |
39,543 |
|
|
$ |
80,307 |
|
|
$ |
110,001 |
|
|
$ |
269,663 |
|
Performance fees, net |
|
|
1,945 |
|
|
|
6,833 |
|
|
|
50,704 |
|
|
|
89,762 |
|
Administration, service, and distribution fees, net |
|
|
6,407 |
|
|
|
17,751 |
|
|
|
17,817 |
|
|
|
60,448 |
|
Other |
|
|
326 |
|
|
|
(2,796 |
) |
|
|
7,555 |
|
|
|
2,412 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues and other income |
|
|
48,221 |
|
|
|
102,095 |
|
|
|
186,077 |
|
|
|
422,285 |
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation, benefits and profit share |
|
|
(136,631 |
) |
|
|
(227,387 |
) |
|
|
(455,217 |
) |
|
|
(777,130 |
) |
General, administrative and other |
|
|
(23,709 |
) |
|
|
(30,283 |
) |
|
|
(71,452 |
) |
|
|
(90,816 |
) |
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
(1,001 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,834 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Third party distribution, administration and
service fees |
|
|
(935 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,600 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses |
|
|
(162,276 |
) |
|
|
(257,670 |
) |
|
|
(530,103 |
) |
|
|
(867,946 |
) |
Loss from operations |
|
|
(114,055 |
) |
|
|
(155,575 |
) |
|
|
(344,026 |
) |
|
|
(445,661 |
) |
Realized gain / (loss) on available-for-sale
investments |
|
|
1,029 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20,188 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Gain on debt extinguishment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
84,821 |
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on business combination negative goodwill |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,122 |
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
196 |
|
|
|
2,043 |
|
|
|
845 |
|
|
|
6,685 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(3,051 |
) |
|
|
(6,028 |
) |
|
|
(9,618 |
) |
|
|
(18,795 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss before income taxes |
|
|
(115,881 |
) |
|
|
(159,560 |
) |
|
|
(267,044 |
) |
|
|
(457,771 |
) |
Income taxes |
|
|
1,300 |
|
|
|
(3,160 |
) |
|
|
(1,252 |
) |
|
|
(12,656 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
(114,581 |
) |
|
|
(162,720 |
) |
|
|
(268,296 |
) |
|
|
(470,427 |
) |
Less non-controlling interests: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative dividends on exchangeable shares |
|
|
(71 |
) |
|
|
(2,896 |
) |
|
|
(11,218 |
) |
|
|
(12,194 |
) |
Exchangeable shares dividend |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,472 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,418 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(114,652 |
) |
|
$ |
(167,088 |
) |
|
$ |
(279,514 |
) |
|
$ |
(487,039 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per share basic and diluted |
|
$ |
(0.53 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.79 |
) |
|
|
(1.29 |
) |
|
$ |
(2.30 |
) |
Weighted average common stock outstanding basic
and diluted (in thousands) |
|
|
220,614 |
|
|
|
211,417 |
|
|
|
218,078 |
|
|
|
211,357 |
|
19
GLG PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(US Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) (contd)
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company, in the ordinary course, responds to a variety of regulatory inquiries. The
Company and its subsidiaries are involved in the following regulatory investigations:
On January 25, 2008, the Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF) notified the Company of
proceedings relating to its trading in the shares of Infogrames Entertainment (Infogrames) on
February 8 and 9, 2006, prior to the issuance by Infogrames on February 9, 2006 of a press release
announcing poor financial results. The AMFs decision to initiate an investigation into the
Companys trades in Infogrames was based on a November 19, 2007 report prepared by the AMFs
Department of Market Investigation and Supervision (the Infogrames Report). According to the
Infogrames Report, the trades challenged by the AMF generated an unrealized capital gain for the
Company as of the opening on February 10, 2006 of 179,000. The AMF investigation relates solely to
the conduct of a former employee; however, the Company was named as the respondent. If sustained,
the charge against the Company could give rise to an administrative fine under French securities
laws. The Company filed its response to the Infogrames Report on May 23, 2008. On September 24,
2009, the Rapporteur issued a written report, concluding that the Company did not engage in any
wrongdoing and recommending that the AMF dismiss the case against the Company. A hearing before
the Commission des Sanctions of the AMF is scheduled for November 12, 2009.
The Company has provided for the above within accounts payable and other accruals within
Current Liabilities.
Indemnifications
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into operating contracts that contain a
variety of representations and warranties and that provide general indemnifications. The Companys
maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may
be made against the Company that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience, the Company
expects the risk of material loss to be remote.
14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
There were no subsequent events through to managements assessment on November 9, 2009, which is
the date these financial statements were issued.
20
|
|
|
Item 2. |
|
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our unaudited
condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in or incorporated into
Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and our audited combined and consolidated
financial statements and related notes and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2008. The information contained in this section contains forward-looking statements.
Our actual results may differ significantly from the results suggested by these forward-looking
statements and our historical results as a result of certain risks and uncertainties which are
described in Risk Factors referred to in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
General
Our Business
We are a U.S.-listed asset management company offering our clients a diverse range of
alternative and traditional investment products and account management services. Our primary
business is to provide investment management advisory services for various investment funds and
companies (the GLG Funds) and accounts we manage. We currently derive our revenues primarily from
management fees and administration fees charged to the GLG Funds and accounts we manage based on
the value of the assets in these funds and accounts, and performance fees charged to the GLG Funds
and accounts we manage based on the performance of these funds and accounts. Substantially all of
our assets under management, or AUM, are attributable to third-party investors, and the funds and
accounts we manage are not consolidated into our financial statements. As of September 30, 2009,
our net AUM (net of assets invested in other GLG Funds) were approximately $21.6 billion, as
compared to approximately $19.1 billion as of June 30, 2009 and $17.3 billion as of September 30,
2008. As of September 30, 2009, our gross AUM (including assets invested in other GLG Funds) were
approximately $24.0 billion, as compared to approximately $21.6 billion as of June 30, 2009 and
$21.2 billion as of September 30, 2008.
On December 19, 2008, we entered into (i) an agreement with Société Générale Asset Management
to acquire Société Générale Asset Management UK (SGAM UK), Société Générales UK long-only asset
management business, for £4.5 million (approximately $6.5 million) in cash and (ii) a sub-advisory
agreement with SGAM UK related to approximately $3.0 billion of AUM. On April 3, 2009, we completed
the acquisition of SGAM UKs operations, which had approximately $7.0 billion of AUM as of that
date, and its investment and support staff, based primarily in London, and the sub-advisory
agreement terminated.
On November 2, 2007, we completed the acquisition (the Acquisition) of GLG Partners Limited,
GLG Holdings Limited, Mount Granite Limited, Albacrest Corporation, Liberty Peak Ltd., GLG Partners
Services Limited, Mount Garnet Limited, Betapoint Corporation, Knox Pines Ltd., GLG Partners Asset
Management Limited and GLG Partners (Cayman) Limited (each, an Acquired Company and collectively,
the Acquired Companies) pursuant to a Purchase Agreement dated as of June 22, 2007 (the Purchase
Agreement) among us, our wholly owned subsidiaries, FA Sub 1 Limited, FA Sub 2 Limited and FA Sub
3 Limited, Jared Bluestein, as the buyers representative, Noam Gottesman, as the sellers
representative, and the equity holders of the Acquired Companies (the GLG Shareowners).
Effective upon the consummation of the Acquisition, (1) each Acquired Company became a
subsidiary of ours, (2) the business and assets of the Acquired Companies and certain affiliated
entities (collectively, the GLG Entities) became our only operations and (3) we changed our name
to GLG Partners, Inc.
In exchange for their equity interests in the Acquired Companies, the GLG Shareowners
received:
|
|
|
$976,107,300 in cash; |
|
|
|
|
$23,892,700 in promissory notes in lieu of all of the cash consideration payable to
electing GLG Shareowners; |
|
|
|
|
230,000,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share which consists
of: |
21
|
|
|
138,095,007 shares of our common stock, including 10,000,000 shares of
our common stock issued for the benefit of our employees, service providers
and certain key personnel under our 2007 Restricted Stock Plan (the
Restricted Stock Plan); |
|
|
|
|
33,000,000 shares of our common stock payable by us upon exercise of
certain put or call rights with respect to 33,000,000 ordinary shares issued
by FA Sub 1 Limited to certain GLG Shareowners. Each of the ordinary shares
issued by FA Sub 1 Limited to these GLG Shareowners has been put by the
holder to us in exchange for one share of our common stock; and |
|
|
|
|
58,904,993 shares of our common stock to be issued upon the exchange of
58,904,993 Exchangeable Shares (the Exchangeable Shares) issued by FA Sub
2 Limited to certain GLG Shareowners. Each Exchangeable Share is
exchangeable at any time at the election of the holder for one share of our
common stock; and |
|
|
|
58,904,993 shares of our Series A preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share
issued with the corresponding Exchangeable Shares which carry only voting rights and
nominal economic rights and which will automatically be redeemed on a share-for-share
basis as Exchangeable Shares are exchanged for shares of our common stock. |
The aggregate of $1.0 billion in cash and promissory notes necessary to pay the cash portion
of the purchase price to the GLG Shareowners was financed through a combination of (1)
approximately $571.1 million of proceeds raised in our initial public offering and the
co-investment by the sponsors of Freedom Acquisition Holdings, Inc., Berggruen Holdings North
America Ltd. and Marlin Equities II, LLC, immediately prior to the consummation of the Acquisition
and (2) bank debt financing of $530.0 million of the $570.0 million available under the credit
facilities. The remaining capacity under the credit facilities was drawn down for working capital
and general corporate purposes.
The Acquisition was accounted for as a reverse acquisition. The combined group composed of the
Acquired Companies has been treated as the acquiring entity and the continuing reporting entity for
accounting purposes. Upon completion of the Acquisition, our assets and liabilities were recorded
at historical cost and added to those of the Acquired Companies. Because we had no active business
operations prior to consummation of the Acquisition, the Acquisition was accounted for as a
recapitalization of the Acquired Companies.
In this Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,
references to GLG should be taken to refer to the combined business of the GLG Entities prior to
November 2, 2007, and references to we, us, our and the Company shall be taken to refer to
the business of GLG Partners, Inc. and its subsidiaries from and after November 2, 2007.
Factors Affecting Our Business
Our business and results of operations are impacted by the following factors:
|
|
|
Assets under management. Our revenues from management and administration fees are
directly linked to AUM. As a result, our future performance will depend on, among other
things, our ability to retain AUM, the mix of our AUM between different products and
associated fee rates and to grow AUM from existing and new products. |
|
|
|
|
Fund and managed account performance. Our revenues from performance fees are linked
to the performance of the GLG Funds and accounts we manage. Performance also affects
AUM because it influences investors decisions to invest assets in, or withdraw assets
from, the GLG Funds and accounts managed by us. |
|
|
|
|
Currency exchange rates. The GLG Funds typically offer share classes denominated in
multiple currencies and as a result, earn fees in those currencies based on the AUM
denominated in those currencies. Consequently, our fee revenues are affected by
exchange rate movements. |
22
|
|
|
Personnel, systems, controls and infrastructure. We depend on our ability to
attract, retain and motivate leading investment and other professionals. Our business
requires significant investment in our fund management platform, including
infrastructure and back-office personnel. We have in the past paid, and expect to
continue in the future to pay, these professionals significant compensation, even
during periods we are not profitable, as well as a share of our profits. |
|
|
|
|
Fee rates. Our management and administration, service and distribution fee revenues
are linked to the fee rates we charge the GLG Funds and accounts we manage as a
percentage of their AUM. Our performance fees are linked to the rates we charge the GLG
Funds and accounts we manage as a percentage of their performance-driven asset growth,
subject to high water marks, whereby performance fees are earned by us only to the
extent that the net asset value of an investors shares in a GLG Fund or the net asset
value of an account we manage at the end of a measurement period exceeds the highest
net asset value on a preceding measurement period end for which we earned performance
fees, and/or subject, in some cases, to performance hurdles. |
In addition, our business and results of operations may be affected by a number of external
market factors. These include global asset allocation trends, regulatory developments and overall
macroeconomic activity. Due to these and other factors, our operating results may reflect
significant volatility from period to period.
We operate in only one business segment, the management of global investment funds and
accounts.
Critical Accounting Policies
For the period from and after November 2, 2007, our accounts are presented based on the
consolidated financial statements of GLG Partners, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the use of estimates
and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues, expenses and other income.
Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. The following is a summary of our
critical accounting policies that are most affected by judgments, estimates and assumptions.
Combination and Consolidation Criteria
Upon consummation of the Acquisition, the GLG Entities became our wholly owned subsidiaries
and from that date the financial statements have been prepared on a consolidated basis and
consolidate those entities over which the legal parent, GLG Partners, Inc., has control over
significant operating, financial or investing decisions.
We consolidate certain entities we control through a majority voting interest or otherwise in
which we are presumed to have control. All intercompany transactions and balances have been
eliminated.
We have determined that the majority of GLG Funds that we manage are Variable Interest
Entities in that the management contract cannot be terminated by a simple majority of unrelated
investors. We have determined that we are not the Primary Beneficiary and, accordingly, we do not
consolidate any of the GLG Funds. We earn substantially all of our revenue from the GLG Funds and
managed accounts. In addition, the Acquisition-related cash compensation has been invested in two
GLG Funds, and our results are exposed to changes in the fair value of these funds.
Assets Under Management
Our assets under management, AUM, are comprised of cash balances, discretionary managed
accounts and fund assets. The net asset value (NAV) of AUM related to discretionary managed
accounts is determined by the third party custodian of those accounts. Our related management,
administration and performance fees are determined pursuant to the terms of the respective clients
investment management agreement, which in turn refer to the NAV of those accounts as determined by
the custodian. The NAV of fund assets in the GLG Funds is determined by the third party
administrator of the GLG Funds. The administrators
23
of the GLG Funds utilize the fair value
methodology described below in determining the NAV of the respective fund assets.
Management, administration and performance fees depend on, among other things, the fair value
of AUM. The fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets (such as publicly traded
derivatives and trading securities) is based on closing quoted market prices at the balance sheet
date. The quoted value of financial assets and liabilities not traded in an active market that are
held by the funds is the current mid price based on prices from multiple broker quotes and/or
prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. When a fund holds OTC derivatives
it uses mid-market prices as a basis for establishing fair values. Futures and options are valued
based on closing market prices. Forward and swap contracts are valued based on current observable
market inputs and/or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers.
For investments that do not have a readily ascertainable market value, such as private
placements of equity and debt securities, the most recent transaction price is utilized as the best
available information related to the fair value of the investment. Events and developments related
to the underlying portfolio companies are continuously monitored and carefully considered to
determine if a change to the current carrying value is warranted. For investments where it is
determined that the most recent transaction price is not the best indicator of fair value, fair
value is determined by using a number of methodologies and procedures, including but not limited
to: (1) performing comparisons with prices of comparable or similar securities; (2) obtaining
valuation-related information from issuers; (3) discounted cash flow models; (4) related
transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment; and/or (5) consulting other
analytical data and indicators of value. The methodologies and processes used will be based on the
specific attributes related to an investment and available market data and comparative information,
depending on the most reliable information at the time.
The prospectus for each GLG Fund sets out the procedure shareholders of the GLG Funds are
required to follow in order to redeem their investment, which includes the notice period. Investors
are required to provide the relevant GLG Fund with written notice of a redemption request prior to
the specified deadline for the requested redemption date (defined as a Dealing Day). The table
below sets forth the typical range of notice periods which apply to the GLG Funds. Such redemption
request is irrevocable but may, with the approval of any director of the relevant GLG Fund, be
cancelled at any point prior to the business day prior to the relevant Dealing Day (defined as the
Valuation Day).
|
|
|
Product |
|
General Range of Redemption Request Advance Notice Periods* |
Single-manager alternative strategy funds
|
|
5-60 days |
Long-only funds
|
|
1-5 days |
Internal FoF
|
|
1-30 days |
External FoF
|
|
45-90 days |
|
|
|
* |
|
Days are defined in the prospectus of each GLG Fund and the definition may be
business days or calendar days depending on the GLG Fund |
Revenue Recognition
Performance Fees
Performance fee rates are calculated where applicable as a percentage of investment gains less
management and administration fees, subject to high water marks and in some cases performance
hurdles with a measurement period of generally six months. Funds subject to performance hurdles
are: most long-only funds, four external FoFs, seven single-manager
alternative strategy funds, four 130/30 funds, and certain managed accounts.
We do not recognize performance fee revenues until the end of the measurement period when the
amounts are contractually payable, or crystallized.
The majority of the GLG Funds and accounts managed by us have contractual measurement periods
that end on each of June 30 and December 31. As a result, the performance fee revenues for our
first fiscal quarter and third fiscal
24
quarter results generally, do not reflect revenues from
uncrystallized performance fees during these three-month periods. These revenues will be reflected
instead at the end of the fiscal quarter in which such fees crystallize.
Compensation and Limited Partner Profit Share
Compensation expense related to performance fees is accrued during the period for which the
related performance fee revenue is recognized and is adjusted as appropriate based on year-to-date
profitability and revenues recognized on a year-to-date basis.
We also have a limited partner profit share arrangement which remunerates certain individuals
through distributions of profits from two of our subsidiaries, GLG Partners LP and GLG Partners
Services LP, paid either to two limited liability partnerships in which those individuals are
members or directly to certain individuals who are limited partners of GLG Partners Services LP.
Through these partnership interests and under the terms of services agreements between the
subsidiaries and the limited liability partnerships, these individuals are entitled to priority
draws and an additional discretionary share of the profits earned by the subsidiaries. These
partnership draws and profit share distributions are referred to as limited partner profit shares
and are discussed further under Expenses Compensation, Benefits and Partner Profit Share
below. Charges related to the limited partner profit share arrangement are recognized as operating
expenses as the related revenues are recognized and associated services provided.
Equity-Based Compensation
Prior to December 31, 2006, GLG had not granted any equity-based awards. In March 2007, GLG
established the equity participation plan to provide certain key individuals, limited partnership
interests in two limited partnerships, Sage Summit LP and Lavender Heights Capital LP, with the
right to receive a percentage of the proceeds derived from an initial public offering relating to
the Acquired Companies or a third-party sale of the Acquired Companies. Upon consummation of the
Acquisition, Sage Summit LP and Lavender Heights Capital LP received collectively 15% of the total
consideration of cash and our capital stock payable to the owners of the Acquired Companies in the
Acquisition. The equity participation plan is subdivided into an A Sub-Plan and a B Sub-Plan.
These limited partnerships distributed to A Sub-Plan limited partners an aggregate of 25% of such
amounts upon consummation of the Acquisition, and the remaining 75% are distributable to the
limited partners in three equal installments upon vesting over a three-year period on the first,
second and third anniversaries of the consummation of the Acquisition, subject to the ability of
the general partners of the limited partnerships, whose respective boards of directors consist of
the Trustees, to accelerate vesting. B Sub-Plan member entitlements vest in equal installments on
the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the consummation of the Acquisition subject to
the ability of the general partners of the limited partnerships, whose respective boards of
directors consist of the Trustees, to accelerate vesting. The unvested portion of such amounts will
be subject to forfeiture back to Sage Summit LP and Lavender Heights Capital LP (and not to us) in
the event of termination of the individual as a limited partner prior to each vesting date, unless
such termination is without cause after there has been a change in control of our company or due to
death or disability. To the extent awards granted under the equity participation plan are
forfeited, these amounts may be reallocated by Sage Summit LP and Lavender Heights Capital LP to
their then existing or future limited partners (i.e., participants in the plan) subject to vesting
over specified periods. Because forfeited awards are returned to the limited partnerships, and not
to us, the forfeited shares remain issued and outstanding and the cash and shares held by the
limited partnerships may be reallocated without further dilution to our shareholders. The equity
instruments issued under this plan are recorded at their fair value on the measurement date, which
date is typically upon the inception of the services that will be performed, remeasured at
subsequent dates to the extent the awards are unvested, and amortized into expense over the vesting
period on an accelerated basis.
Ten million shares of our common stock, which were part of the purchase price in respect of
the Acquisition, were reserved for allocation under the Restricted Stock Plan. Of these shares,
9,877,000 shares were allocated to our
employees, service providers and certain key personnel in November 2007. As of September 30,
2009, 2,198,000 shares under the Restricted Stock Plan were unallocated following forfeitures (net
of new allocations). These awards are subject to vesting, typically over four years, which may be
accelerated. In 2007, we also adopted the 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the 2007 LTIP) under
which we were authorized to issue up to 40,000,000 shares and which, other than with respect to
outstanding awards, was terminated and replaced in its entirety by the 2009 Long-Term Incentive
Plan (the 2009 LTIP), adopted by our board of directors and approved by our shareholders on May
11, 2009. The 2009 LTIP authorizes the delivery of a maximum of 40,000,000 shares, in addition to
the approximately 6,100,000 shares that
25
remained available for awards under the 2007 LTIP as of May
11, 2009. In addition, to the extent that any outstanding awards under our 2007 LTIP are canceled,
forfeited or otherwise lapse unexercised pursuant to the terms of that plan, the shares underlying
those awards will be available for awards under the 2009 LTIP.
References herein to the LTIP shall in context be to the 2007 LTIP and the 2009 LTIP. As of
September 30, 2009, there were a total of 43,293,245 shares available for awards under the LTIP.
The LTIP provides for the grants of incentive and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation
rights, common stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units and performance
shares to employees, service providers, non-employee directors and certain key personnel who hold
direct or indirect limited partnership interests in certain GLG entities. Shares of restricted
stock awarded under the Restricted Stock Plan and the LTIP are issued and outstanding shares,
except in the case of awards under these plans to personnel who are members of the limited partner
profit share arrangement in which case shares are issued and become outstanding only as the awards
vest. Unvested awards under the LTIP and Restricted Stock Plan which are forfeited, to the extent
shares are issued, are returned to us and canceled.
In addition, the Principals and the Trustees have entered into an agreement among principals
and trustees which provides that, in the event a Principal voluntarily terminates his employment
with us for any reason prior to the fifth anniversary of the closing of the Acquisition, a portion
of the equity interests held by that Principal and his related Trustee as of the closing of the
Acquisition will be forfeited to the Principals who are still employed by us and their related
Trustees. The agreement provides for vesting of 17.5% on the consummation of the Acquisition, and
16.5% on each of the first through fifth anniversaries of the Acquisition.
All of these arrangements will be amortized into expense over the applicable vesting period
using the accelerated method. As a result, following the completion of the Acquisition,
compensation and benefits reflect the amortization of significant non-cash equity-based
compensation expenses associated with the vesting of these equity-based awards, which under GAAP
acts to reduce our net income and may result in net losses.
GAAP requires a company to estimate the cost of share-based payment awards based on estimated
fair values. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is
recognized as expense over the requisite service period. For awards with performance conditions, we
will make an evaluation at the grant date and future periods as to the likelihood of the
performance targets being met. Compensation expense is adjusted in future periods for subsequent
changes in the expected outcome of the performance conditions until the vesting date. GAAP requires
forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods
if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
At the initial grant date of our equity awards on November 2, 2007, management made the
following assumptions with respect to forfeiture rates:
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|
|
The size of the awards to employees, service providers and key personnel under the
equity participation plan and 2007 LTIP was considered to be a substantial retention
incentive; |
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|
Incentives for the awards to employees, service providers and key personnel under
the equity participation plan and 2007 LTIP were considered sufficiently large that a
zero percent forfeiture rate was estimated, subject to review as actual forfeitures
occur; |
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|
|
Disincentives for forfeiture related to the agreement among principals and trustees
were considered to be so punitive that the probability of forfeiture was estimated as
zero; and |
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|
For awards under the Restricted Stock Plan, we used different forfeiture rates for
individual employees, service providers and key personnel. |
Over the course of 2008, we revised our forfeiture assumptions with respect to forfeitures
among our stock awards under the Restricted Stock Plan, equity participation plan and LTIP to an
assumed rate of 10% per annum. The forfeiture assumption for the agreement among the principals and
trustees remains at zero. In the third quarter of 2008, we also changed our forfeiture assumption
with respect to forfeitures of the cash component of the equity participation plan to align with
the equity component to an assumed rate of 10% per annum.
26
Income Tax
We earn profits through a number of subsidiaries located in a number of different
jurisdictions, each of which has its own tax system.
Prior to the Acquisition, the only GLG entity earning significant profits subject to
company-level income taxes was GLG Holdings Limited, which was subject to U.K. corporate income
tax. Most of the balance of the profit was earned by pass-through or other entities that did not
incur significant company-level income taxes.
Following the Acquisition in addition to a portion of our income being subject to U.K.
taxation, U.S. taxation will be imposed on our profits earned within the United States as well as
on our profits earned outside the United States that are repatriated back to the United States in
the form of dividends or that are classified as Subpart F income for U.S. income tax purposes (e.g, dividends and interest). We expect to repatriate some of our profits in this manner and
experience U.S. taxation on those repatriated profits. In connection with the Acquisition, we
recognized for U.S. income tax purposes the value of goodwill and certain other intangibles which
we are amortizing and deducting for U.S. income tax purposes over a 15-year period. This
amortization deduction is taken into account in determining how much of the repatriated profits and
Subpart F income is subject to U.S. taxation. Depending on the amount of profits earned outside the
United States, including the amount of Subpart F income, and the amount of profits repatriated,
this tax amortization deduction will effectively reduce U.S. tax expense on repatriated profits and
Subpart F income. Allocation of income among business activities and entities is subject to
detailed and complex rules applied to facts and circumstances that generally are not readily
determinable at the date financial statements are prepared. Accordingly, estimates are made of
income allocations in computing financial statement effective tax rates that may differ from actual
allocations determined when tax returns are prepared or after examination by tax authorities.
We account for taxes using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and
liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the
financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax
bases. A valuation allowance is established when we believe it is more likely than not that a
deferred tax asset will not be realized.
Net Revenues
All fee revenues are presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q net of any applicable
rebates or sub-administration fees.
Where a single-manager alternative strategy fund or internal FoF managed by us invests in an
underlying single-manager alternative strategy fund managed by us, the investing fund is the
top-level GLG Fund into which a client invests and the investee fund is the underlying GLG Fund
into which the investing fund invests. For example, if the GLG European Long-Short Fund invests in
the GLG Utilities Fund, the GLG European Long-Short Fund is the investing fund and the GLG
Utilities Fund is the investee fund.
Management Fees
Our gross management fee rates to GLG Funds are set as a percentage of fund AUM. Management
fee rates vary depending on the product, as set forth in the table below (subject to fee treatment
of fund-in-fund reinvestments as described below):
|
|
|
|
|
General Range of Gross Fee Rates (% of AUM) |
Product |
|
As of September 30, 2009 |
Single-manager alternative strategy funds*
|
|
1.50% 2.50%** |
Long-only funds
|
|
0.30% 2.25% |
Internal FoF
|
|
0.25% 1.50%** (at the investing fund level) |
External FoF ***
|
|
1.00% 1.95% |
27
|
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|
* |
|
Excludes the GLG European Long-Short (Special Assets) Fund, the GLG Emerging
Markets (Special Assets) II Fund and the GLG North American Opportunity
(Special Assets) Fund established during November 2008 into which certain
private placements and other not readily realizable investments were
contributed by the GLG European Long-Short Fund, the GLG Emerging Markets Fund
and the GLG North American Opportunity Fund, respectively, for the purpose of
liquidating them, where the management fee is 0.50%. |
|
** |
|
When one of the single-manager alternative strategy funds or internal FoFs
managed by us invests in an underlying single-manager alternative strategy fund
managed by us, management fees are charged at the investee fund level, except
in the case of (1) an investment by the GLG Emerging Markets Fund in the GLG
Emerging Markets (Special Assets) Fund where management fees are charged only
at the investing fund level, (2) the GLG Multi-Strategy Fund where management
fees are charged at both the investee and investing fund levels and (3) the GLG
Balanced Managed Fund and the GLG Stock Market Managed Fund where management
fees are charged only at the investing fund level. |
|
*** |
|
Excludes GLG Global Opportunity (Special Assets) Fund. |
Management fees are generally paid monthly, one month in arrears. Most GLG Funds managed by us
have share classes with distribution fees that are paid to third-party institutional distributors
with no net economic impact to us. In certain cases, we may rebate a portion of our gross
management fees in order to compensate third-party institutional distributors for marketing our
products and, in a limited number of historical cases, in order to incentivize clients to invest in
funds managed by us.
The mix of our AUM has changed significantly from September 30, 2008 through September 30,
2009. The effect of this changing mix from our higher fee yielding single-manager alternative
strategy products into lower fee yielding long-only and managed account products has had the effect
of reducing our management fee yields when measured as a percentage of our overall AUM. This trend
continued during 2009 due to the acquisition of SGAM UK which consisted of long-only funds and
managed accounts which have lower management fee yields than our single-manager alternative
strategy products. The management fee yield in future periods will be dependent on specific
inflows, outflows and other related factors.
Performance Fees
Our gross performance fees where applicable for GLG Funds are set as a percentage of fund
performance, calculated as investment gains (both realized and unrealized), less management and
administration fees, subject to high water marks and, in the case of most long-only funds, four
external FoFs, seven single-manager alternative strategy funds, four 130/30 funds and certain managed accounts, to
performance hurdles. As a result, even when a GLG Fund has positive fund performance, we may not
earn a performance fee due to negative fund performance in prior measurement periods and in some
cases due to a failure to reach a hurdle rate. High water marks and performance hurdles,are
determined on a fund by fund and investor by investor basis and performance fees are not netted
across funds, other than in the case of the special assets funds related to the GLG Emerging
Markets Fund, the GLG European Long-Short Fund and the GLG
North American Opportunity Fund. The special assets funds do not earn a performance fee until
an investors high water mark across both the special assets fund and its original fund is
exceeded. Accordingly, any funds above high water marks and applicable performance hurdles at the
end of the relevant measurement period will contribute to performance fee revenue. As of September
30, 2009, approximately two-thirds of the AUM in our long-only funds and less than half of the AUM
in our single-manager alternative strategy funds subject to high-water marks were below their
respective high-water marks. Fund performance through September 30, 2009 has generally reduced the
additional performance necessary to reachieve the high-water marks for many GLG Funds, however, for
some funds significant high-water marks remain. Accordingly, even if our funds that are below high
water marks have positive performance in subsequent performance periods, our ability to earn
performance fees during those periods will be adversely impacted due to the number of funds subject
to high water marks and the amounts to be recovered.
Performance fee rates vary depending on the product, as set forth in the table below (subject
to fee treatment of fund-in-fund investments as described below):
28
|
|
|
|
|
General Range of Gross Fee Rates (% of |
Product |
|
Investment Gains) As of September 30, 2009 |
Single-manager alternative strategy funds
|
|
10% 30%* |
Long-only funds
|
|
0% 20% (may be subject to performance hurdle) |
Internal FoF
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0% 20%* (at the investing fund level) |
External FoF **
|
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5% 10% (may be subject to performance hurdle) |
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* |
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When one of the single-manager alternative strategy funds or internal FoFs
managed by us invests in an underlying single-manager alternative strategy fund
managed by us, performance fees are charged at the investee fund level, except
in the case of (1) an investment by the GLG Emerging Markets Fund in the GLG
Emerging Markets (Special Assets) fund where performance fees are charged only
at the investing fund level and (2) the GLG Global Aggressive Fund where
performance fees are charged at both the investee and investing fund levels to
the extent, if any, that the performance fee charged at the investing fund level
is greater than the performance fee charged at the investee fund level. |
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** |
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We have adopted Method 1 for recognizing performance fee revenues and under
Method 1 we do not recognize performance fee revenues until the end of the
measurement period when the amounts are crystallized, which for the majority of
the investment funds and accounts managed by us is on June 30 and December 31. |
Due to the impact of foreign currency exposures on management and performance fees, we have
elected to utilize cash flow hedge accounting to hedge a portion of our anticipated foreign
currency denominated revenue. The effective portion of the hedge is recorded as a component of
other comprehensive income and is released into management or performance fee income, respectively,
when the hedged revenues impact the income statement. The ineffective portion of the hedge is
recorded each period as derivative gain or loss in other income or other expense, respectively. See
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Exchange Rate Risk in Part I, Item
3 of this Quarterly Report for a further discussion of our foreign exchange and hedging activities.
Administration Fees
Our gross administration fee rates to GLG Funds are set as a percentage of the fund AUM.
Administration fee rates vary depending on the product. From our gross administration fees, we pay
sub-administration fees to third-party administrators and custodians, with the residual fees
recognized as our net administration fee. Administration fees are generally paid monthly, one month
in arrears.
When one of the single-manager alternative strategy funds or internal FoFs managed by us
invests in an underlying single-manager alternative strategy fund managed by us, administration
fees are charged at both the investing and investee fund levels.
Fees on Managed Accounts
Managed account fee structures are negotiated on an account-by-account basis and may be more
complex than for the GLG Funds. Across the managed account portfolio, fee rates vary according to
the underlying mandate and, excluding one material managed account, in the aggregate are generally
within the performance (subject, in some cases, to a performance hurdle) and management fee ranges
charged with respect to comparable fund products. In October 2008, we received a new material
managed account mandate which provided for a management fee at institutional rates and a
performance fee based on exceeding certain benchmarks even in a scenario with negative performance.
We signed a sub-advisory agreement with SGAM UK in December 2008 which earned a management fee at
an institutional rate. This agreement terminated on April 3, 2009 upon completion of the
acquisition of SGAM UK.
29
Expenses
Compensation, Benefits and Profit Share
To attract, retain and motivate the highest quality investment and other professionals, we
provide significant remuneration through salary, discretionary bonuses, profit sharing and other
benefits. We have built an experienced and highly-regarded investment management team of 132
investment professionals.
The largest component of expenses is compensation, benefits and profit share payable to our
investment and other professionals. This includes significant fixed annual salary, limited partner
profit share and other compensation based on individual, team and company performance and
profitability.
Beginning in mid-2006, GLG entered into partnership with a number of our key personnel in
recognition of their importance in creating and maintaining the long-term value of our business.
These individuals ceased to be employees and either became holders of direct or indirect limited
partnership interests in one of two of our subsidiaries, GLG Partners LP and GLG Partners Services
LP, or formed two limited liability partnerships, Laurel Heights LLP and Lavender Heights Capital
LLP (the LLPs), through which they provided services to the GLG entities. Through these
partnership interests, these key individuals are entitled to partnership draws as priority
distributions, which are recognized in the period in which they are payable. There is an additional
limited partner profit share distribution, which is recognized in the period in which the related
revenues are recognized and associated services provided. This additional distribution represents a
substantial majority of the limited partner profit share for the year and is typically paid at the
beginning of the following year. Key personnel that are participants in the limited partner profit
share arrangement do not receive any salaries or discretionary bonuses from us, except for the
salary paid by GLG Partners, Inc. to our Chief Operating Officer.
Under GAAP, limited partner profit share is treated as an operating expense in the period the
limited partner provides services.
Following the Acquisition, our GAAP employee compensation expense reflects share-based and
other compensation recognized in respect of (a) the equity participation plan, the 10,000,000
shares allocated for the benefit of employees, service providers and certain key personnel under
the Restricted Stock Plan, and the agreement among the principals and trustees (collectively, the
Acquisition-related compensation expense) and (b) share-based compensation recognized in respect
of the shares awarded post-Acquisition under the LTIP.
Under GAAP, there is a charge to compensation expense for Acquisition-related compensation
expense based on certain service conditions. However, management believes that this charge does not
reflect our ongoing core business operations and compensation expense and excludes such amounts for
purposes of assessing our ongoing core business performance. In the case of the Acquisition-related
compensation expense associated with Sage Summit LP and
Lavender Heights Capital LP, because (1) awards forfeited by participants in the equity
participation plan who terminated their service with us and who are no longer limited partners are
returned to Sage Summit LP and Lavender Heights Capital LP, and not us, (2) the cash and stock held
by the limited partnerships may be reallocated to then existing or future participants in the plan
without further dilution to our shareholders, (3) the amount of consideration received by the
entities in the Acquisition was awarded prior to the Acquisition based on the contributions of the
participants in the equity participation plan prior to the Acquisition and (4) the amount reduced
the number of shares which would otherwise have been paid to the former GLG Shareowners in the
Acquisition, management measures ongoing business performance by excluding these amounts. In the
case of the Acquisition-related compensation expense associated with the Restricted Stock Plan,
because the amount allocated to the Restricted Stock Plan was designed to recognize employees,
service providers and key personnel for their contribution to GLG prior to the Acquisition and
because the shares allocated to the Restricted Stock Plan reduced the number of shares which would
otherwise have been paid to the former GLG Shareowners in the Acquisition, management measures
ongoing business performance by excluding these amounts. In the case of the Acquisition-related
compensation expense associated with the agreement
30
among principals and trustees, because,
notwithstanding the service requirement, neither the vesting nor forfeiture provisions of that
agreement would be accretive or dilutive to our present or future shareholders, management measures
ongoing business performance by excluding these amounts.
As a result of our view on the Acquisition-related compensation expense, we present the
measure non-GAAP CBP, which is a non-GAAP financial measure used to calculate adjusted net income,
as described below under Assessing Business Performance, and which deducts Acquisition-related
compensation expense from GAAP compensation, benefits and profit share expense, to show the total
ongoing cost of the services provided to us by both participants in the limited partner profit
share arrangement and employees in relation to services rendered during the periods under
consideration.
The components of non-GAAP CBP are:
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Base compensation contractual compensation paid to employees in the form of base
salary, which is expensed as incurred. |
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Variable compensation payments that arise from the contractual entitlements of
personnel to a fixed percentage of certain variable fee revenues attributable to such
personnel with respect to GLG Funds and managed accounts. Variable compensation expense
is recognized at the same time as the underlying fee revenue is crystallized, which may
be monthly, quarterly, annually or semi-annually (on June 30 and December 31),
depending on the fee revenue source. |
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|
|
Discretionary compensation payments that are determined by our management in its
sole discretion and are generally linked to performance. In determining such payments,
our management considers, among other factors, the ratio of total discretionary
compensation to total revenues; however, this ratio may vary between periods and, in
particular, significant discretionary bonuses may still be paid in a period of low
performance for retention and incentivization purposes. This discretionary compensation
is paid to employees in the form of a discretionary cash bonus or share-based
compensation. Discretionary compensation is generally declared and paid following the
end of each calendar year. However, the estimated discretionary compensation charge is
adjusted as appropriate based on the year-to-date profitability and revenues recognized
on a year-to-date basis. As the majority of the GLG Funds crystallize their performance
fees at June 30 and December 31, the majority of discretionary compensation expense
crystallizes at year end and is typically paid in January and February following the
year end. |
|
|
|
|
Limited partner profit share distributions of limited partner profit share under
the limited partner profit share arrangement described below. |
|
|
|
|
Post-Acquisition LTIP post-Acquisition share based compensation awarded to
employees and limited partners under the LTIP. |
Limited Partner Profit Share
The key personnel who are participants in the limited partner profit share arrangement,
provide services to us through two limited liability partnerships, Laurel Heights LLP and Lavender
Heights LLP, which are limited partners in GLG Partners LP and GLG Partners Services LP,
respectively. The amount of profits (or limited partner profit share) attributable to each of the
LLPs is determined at our discretion based upon the profitability of our business and our view of
the contribution to revenues and profitability from the services provided by each limited
partnership during that period. These profit shares are recorded as operating expenses matching the
period in which the related revenues are accrued and services provided. A portion of the
partnership distribution is advanced monthly as a draw against final determination of profit share.
Once the final profit allocation is determined typically in January and February following each
year end, it is paid to the LLPs, as limited partners, less any amounts paid as advance drawings
during the year. See Allocation of Profit Shares to Individual Members of LLPs below for a
further discussion of the allocations. In addition, as shares of restricted stock awarded under our
Restricted Stock Plan or LTIP to members of the LLPs vest or as we pay cash dividends on the
unvested shares of restricted stock awarded under these plans to members of the LLPs, we allocate
additional profits to the LLPs sufficient for the LLP to acquire from us the shares that are
vesting or to pay
31
the relevant dividend. These additional profit shares are recorded as operating
expense. Other limited partners of GLG Partners Services LP who receive profit allocations include
four investment professionals who are not members of Lavender Heights LLP, but whose profit
distributions from GLG Partners Services LP are determined in the same manner as the allocation of
profit shares to individual members of the LLP described below and included in the limited partner
profit measure, as described below.
Allocation of Profit Shares to Individual Members of LLPs
Profit allocations made to the LLPs by GLG Partners LP and GLG Partners Services LP make up
substantially all of the LLPs net profits for each period. Members are entitled to a base limited
partner profit share priority drawing, which is a fixed amount and paid as a partnership draw.
Certain members are also entitled to a variable limited partner profit share priority drawing based
on a fixed percentage of certain variable fee revenues attributable to such personnel with respect
to GLG Funds and managed accounts, which are paid as a partnership draw. After year end, the
managing members of the LLPs will declare discretionary allocations to the key personnel who
participate in the limited partner profit share arrangement and who are LLP members from the
remaining balance of the LLPs net profits, after taking into account the base and variable limited
partnership profit share priority drawings, based on their view of those individuals contribution
to the generation of these profits. This process will typically take into account the nature of the
services provided to us by each key personnel, his or her seniority and the performance of the
individual during the period. These profit shares are recorded as operating expenses matching the
period in which the related revenues are recognized and associated services provided. Profit
allocations, net of any amounts paid during the year as priority partnership drawings, will
typically be paid to the members in January and February following each year end.
As our investment performance improves, our compensation costs and performance-related limited
partner profit share distributions are expected generally to rise correspondingly. In addition,
equity-based compensation costs may vary significantly from period to period depending on the
market price of our common stock, among other things. In order to retain our investment
professionals during periods of poor performance, we may have to pay our investment professionals
significant amounts, even if we earn low or no performance fees. In these circumstances these
payments may represent a larger proportion of our revenues than historically.
Acquisition-Related Compensation Expense
Following the Acquisition, our GAAP compensation, benefits and profit share expense reflects
share-based and other compensation recognized with respect to (a) the 15% of the total
consideration of cash and capital stock received collectively by Sage Summit LP and Lavender
Heights Capital LP in connection with the Acquisition (including with respect to the cash portion
of the awards under the equity participation plan in the aggregate amounts of $91 million, $45
million, and $5 million for the three 12-month periods beginning with the consummation of the
Acquisition), the 10,000,000 shares allocated for the benefit of employees, service providers and
certain key personnel under the Restricted Stock Plan, and the agreement among the principals and
trustees and (b) dividends paid on unvested shares that are ultimately not expected to vest.
General and Administrative
Our non-personnel cost base represents the expenditure required to provide an effective
investment infrastructure and marketing operation. Key elements of the cost base are, among other
things, professional services fees, temporary and contract employees, travel, information
technology and communications, business development, marketing, occupancy, facilities and
insurance.
Assessing Business Performance
As discussed above under Expenses Compensation, Benefits and Profit Share, we assess
our personnel-related expenses based on the measure non-GAAP CBP. Non-GAAP CBP reflects GAAP
compensation, benefits and profit share expense, adjusted to exclude the Acquisition-related
compensation expense described above under Expenses Compensation, Benefits and Profit Share
and assess our expenses based on the measure non-GAAP total expenses, which adjusts GAAP total
expenses for the same Acquisition-related compensation expense as non-GAAP CBP.
32
In addition, we assess the underlying performance of our business based on the measure
non-GAAP adjusted net income, which adjusts GAAP net (loss)/income before non-controlling
interest for Acquisition-related compensation expense, realized gain/(loss) on available-for-sale
investments, gain on business combination negative goodwill, amortization of intangible assets,
the related tax effects of the foregoing and cumulative dividends accrued for the holders of FA Sub
2 Limited Exchangeable Shares. See Results of Operations Adjusted Net Income for this
reconciliation for the periods presented. We have added realized loss on available-for-sale
investments, gain on business combination negative goodwill, amortization of intangible assets,
the related tax effects of the foregoing to our definition of non-GAAP adjusted net income. We
believe that excluding the impact of the above enhances the comparisons to our core results of
operations with historical periods and provides a better measure of our economic income.
Non-GAAP CBP and non-GAAP total expenses are not measures of financial performance under GAAP
and should not be considered as an alternative to GAAP compensation, benefits and profit share
expense or GAAP total expense, respectively. Further, adjusted net income is not a measure of
financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to GAAP net income
as an indicator of our operating performance or any other measures of performance derived in
accordance with GAAP.
The non-GAAP financial measures we present may be different from non-GAAP financial measures
used by other companies.
We are providing these non-GAAP financial measures to enable investors, securities analysts
and other interested parties to perform additional financial analysis of our personnel-related
costs and our earnings from operations and because we believe that they will be helpful to
investors in understanding all components of the personnel-related costs of our business. We
believe that the non-GAAP financial measures also enhance comparisons of our core results of
operations with historical periods. In particular, we believe that the non-GAAP adjusted net income
measure better represents economic income than does GAAP net income primarily because of the
adjustments described above. In addition, we use these non-GAAP financial measures in our
evaluation of our core results of operations and trends between fiscal periods and believe these
measures are an important component of our internal performance measurement process. We also
prepare forecasts for future periods on a basis consistent with these non-GAAP financial measures.
Non- GAAP adjusted net income has certain limitations in that it may overcompensate for certain
costs and expenditures related to our business.
Under the agreement governing our revolving credit and term loan facilities, we were required
to maintain compliance with certain financial covenants based on adjusted earnings before interest
expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, or adjusted EBITDA, which is
calculated based on the non-GAAP adjusted net income measure, further adjusted to add back interest
expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization. Our amended revolving credit
and term loan agreements eliminated the related financial covenants.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, which was primarily codified into Topic 810,
Consolidations, in the ASC. SFAS 160 states that accounting and reporting for minority interests
will be recharacterized as non-controlling interests and classified as a component of equity. SFAS
160 applies to all entities that prepare consolidated financial statements, except not-for-profit
organizations, but will affect only those entities that have an outstanding non-controlling
interest in one or more subsidiaries or that deconsolidate a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is effective
prospectively, except for certain presentation disclosure requirements, for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2008. As described above, the primary impact of the statement was the
reclassification of minority interests from liabilities to stockholders equity and their
re-labeling as non-controlling interests. In addition, under ARB No. 51, non-controlling
interests only shared in losses to the extent that they had available equity to absorb losses.
Under SFAS 160 the non-controlling interests prospectively fully share in losses as well as
profits, even if there is no contractual obligation to fund losses.
Assets Under Management
The mix of our AUM has changed significantly from September 30, 2008 through September 30,
2009. The effect of this changing mix from our higher fee yielding single-manager alternative
strategy products into lower fee yielding long-only and managed account products has had the effect
of reducing our management fee yields when measured as a percentage of our overall AUM. This trend
continued during 2009 due to the acquisition of SGAM UK
33
which consisted of long-only funds and
managed accounts that have lower management fee yields than our single-manager alternative strategy
products. The management fee yield in future periods will be dependent on specific inflows,
outflows and other related factors.
Assets Under Management
Change in AUM between September 30, 2009, June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of Sept. |
|
|
As of Jun. |
|
|
3-Month |
|
|
As of Dec. |
|
|
9-Month |
|
|
As of Sept. |
|
|
12-Month |
|
|
|
30, 2009 |
|
|
30, 2009 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
31, 2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
|
30, 2008 |
|
| Change |
|
Alternative strategies
(1) |
|
$ |
10,924 |
|
|
$ |
10,441 |
|
|
$ |
483 |
|
|
$ |
12,518 |
|
|
$ |
(1,594 |
) |
|
$ |
16,740 |
|
|
$ |
(5,816 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-only strategies
(2) |
|
|
13,069 |
|
|
|
11,131 |
|
|
|
1,938 |
|
|
|
4,026 |
|
|
|
9,043 |
|
|
|
4,412 |
|
|
|
8,657 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross AUM |
|
|
23,993 |
|
|
|
21,572 |
|
|
|
2,421 |
|
|
|
16,544 |
|
|
|
7,449 |
|
|
|
21,152 |
|
|
|
2,841 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less: alternative strategy
investments in GLG Funds |
|
|
(1,266 |
) |
|
|
(1,456 |
) |
|
|
190 |
|
|
|
(1,503 |
) |
|
|
237 |
|
|
|
(3,867 |
) |
|
|
2,601 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less: long only strategy
investments in GFLG Funds |
|
|
(1,099 |
) |
|
|
(1,022 |
) |
|
|
(77 |
) |
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
(1,097 |
) |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(1,094 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net AUM |
|
$ |
21,628 |
|
|
$ |
19,094 |
|
|
$ |
2,534 |
|
|
$ |
15,039 |
|
|
$ |
6,589 |
|
|
$ |
17,280 |
|
|
$ |
4,348 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarterly average gross AUM |
|
$ |
22,782 |
|
|
$ |
18,495 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
18,848 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
24,524 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarterly average net
AUM(3) |
|
|
20,361 |
|
|
|
18,840 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,160 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,474 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Opening net AUM |
|
$ |
19,094 |
|
|
$ |
14,031 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
17,280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
23,668 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inflows |
|
|
3,338 |
|
|
|
5,634 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,970 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,904 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outflows |
|
|
(3,122 |
) |
|
|
(3,408 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,199 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,086 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inflows (net of
redemptions)(4) |
|
|
216 |
|
|
|
2,226 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
771 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,182 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Performance (gains net of losses
and fees) |
|
|
1,883 |
|
|
|
1,797 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,649 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,139 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Currency translation impact |
|
|
435 |
|
|
|
1,040 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(363 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,068 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Closing net AUM |
|
$ |
21,628 |
|
|
$ |
19,094 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
15,039 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
17,280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Alternative strategies includes managed accounts based on alternative
strategies and 130/30 funds |
|
(2) |
|
Long-only strategies includes managed accounts based on long-only strategies
and all SGAM UK net AUM acquired on April 3, 2009. |
|
(3) |
|
Quarterly average net AUM for a given period is calculated as a 2-point
(quarter open and close) average.Q2 2009 average net AUM excludes the approximately $3
billion mandated in December 2008 pursuant to a sub- |
34
|
|
|
|
|
advisory arrangement with SGAM UK
which terminated upon the completion of its acquisition on April 3, 2009 and includes the
approximately $7 billion of net AUM acquired from SGAM UK as if the assets were acquired
at the opening of Q2 2009. |
|
(4) |
|
Inflows for Q2 2009 include SGAM UK net inflows of approximately $2.6 billion
and inflows for Q4 2008 include the approximately $3 billion mandated in December 2008
pursuant to a sub-advisory arrangement with SGAM UK which terminated upon the completion
of its acquisition on April 3, 2009. |
During the three months ended September 30, 2009, our net AUM increased by 13.3% to $21.6
billion and our gross AUM increased by 11.2% to $24.0 billion. The increase in AUM was
attributable to the following:
|
|
|
Positive fund and managed account performance during the three months ended
September 30, 2009, resulting in performance gains (net of losses and fees) of $1.9
billion, |
|
|
|
Inflows (net of redemptions) of $0.2 billion in AUM for the three months ended
September 30, 2009, were driven by: |
|
|
|
Long-only strategy net inflows of $0.5 billion, composed of subscriptions
of $1.7 billion offset by redemptions of $1.2 billion. related primarily to
the SGAM UK products and |
|
|
|
Alternative strategy net outflows of $0.3 billion, composed of
subscriptions of $1.6 billion offset by redemptions of $1.9 billion. |
|
|
|
A weakening of the U.S. dollar against other currencies in which a portion of our
funds and managed accounts are denominated, resulting in positive foreign exchange
impact on AUM of $0.4 billion during the three months ended September 30, 2009. |
The ratio between net and gross AUM increased during the third quarter of 2009 as compared to
the second quarter of 2009, reflecting decreased relative levels of fund-in-fund investments, with
respect to investments by our FoF products in certain funds managed by us and investments by
certain single-manager alternative strategy funds managed by us in other single-manager alternative
strategy funds managed by us.
As of September 30, 2009, approximately $0.3 billion of AUM were in GLG Funds for which the
related fund boards of directors had suspended redemptions. The funds included: The GLG MMI
Enhanced II Fund, GLG Global Utilities Fund, GLG Credit Fund, GLG MMI Enhanced Fund, and GLG Event
Driven Fund. We continue to receive full management and administration fees related to these funds.
On July 1, 2009, the GLG Market Neutral Fund was restructured to create a side pocket with
approximately $0.3 billion of AUM which will earn a reduced management fee of 0.5% and paid cash
redemptions of approximately $0.4 billion. The remaining AUM in the GLG Market Neutral Fund of
approximately $0.4 billion will continue to earn full management and administration fees.
In addition, as of September 30, 2009, we managed special assets funds which are principally
comprised of private placement and other not readily realizable investments that have been
transferred from other GLG funds totaling approximately $1.1 billion. These special assets funds
included GLG Emerging Markets (Special Assets) Fund, GLG Emerging Markets (Special Assets) II Fund,
GLG European Long-Short (Special Assets) Fund, GLG North American Opportunity (Special Assets)
Fund, GLG Global Opportunity (Special Assets) Fund, GLG MMI Diversified Special Assets Fund, GLG
European Opportunity (Lehman Recovery) Fund, GLG Technology (Lehman Recovery) Fund, and GLG MMI
Diversified (Special Assets II) Fund. The purpose of the special assets funds is to permit the
orderly sale of these investments. As investments held by the special assets funds are sold,
proceeds will be used to redeem investors from those funds. Other than GLG Emerging Markets
(Special Assets) Fund, which has a management fee of 2.0%, all of the above funds have reduced
management fees.
On September 15, 2008, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (the ultimate parent company of the UK
Lehman Brothers firms) filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in the United States and Lehman Brothers
International (Europe) (LBIE), the principal European broker-dealer for the Lehman Brothers
group, was placed into administration by order of the English court. Lehman Brothers prime
brokerage unit in the United Kingdom was one of the business groups
35
forming part of LBIE. Other
Lehman Brothers entities have also filed for or commenced insolvency-related proceedings, including
Lehman Brothers Inc. (LBI), Lehman Brothers U.S. broker-dealer.
Nearly all of the GLG Funds and several of the GLG institutional managed accounts at that time
utilized LBIE as a prime broker. All of the GLG Funds and managed accounts at that time had LBIE,
and a small number of GLG Funds and managed accounts had LBI, as a trading counterparty. In
addition, all of GLGs private client managed
accounts at that time used LBIE, and a small number of GLGs private clients additionally used
LBI, as a custodian and broker for their accounts.
As a consequence of LBIE being in administration, the GLG Funds and, to the best of our
knowledge, the managed accounts which used LBIE as a prime broker, have been unable to access their
assets, including all securities and cash, deposited with LBIE. The appointment of the joint
administrators in respect of LBIE triggered defaults under certain agreements between each GLG Fund
and LBIE, including certain trading agreements, resulting in either (i) automatic termination of
these agreements or (ii) the entitlement of the relevant GLG Fund to terminate the relevant
agreement. The GLG Funds have in general elected to terminate their agreements with LBIE to
quantify amounts owing to and from LBIE under trading agreements, reduce market risks, reduce
exposure to a net amount, limit LBIEs rights and/or crystallize rights and obligations between the
parties with a view to allowing LBIE to release assets, among other factors. In addition, in
certain limited cases, GLG Funds have established side pockets or otherwise restructured to
compartmentalize the potential impact of the LBIE administration on their investors.
The net direct exposure of each GLG Fund to LBIE and the other entities in the Lehman Brothers
group is reflected in the net asset value of each fund and carried at fair value. The fair value of
the exposure is determined on the basis of the best information available to us from time to time,
legal and professional advice obtained for the purpose of determining the rights and obligations of
each GLG Fund, and on the basis of a number of assumptions which we believe to be reasonable,
including that:
|
|
|
amounts which LBIE was required to treat as client money under the rules of the U.K.
Financial Services Authority and not use in the course of its business were and are, in
fact, so held, and that any shortfall in recoveries of client monies will not exceed
reserves established to date by the GLG Funds; |
|
|
|
|
even though LBIE or its affiliates may be entitled to withhold assets to satisfy any
net indebtedness owed to them, there will be no material shortfall in the recovery of
assets held on trust by LBIE as a custodian, or by LBI as a sub-custodian for LBIE, or
by any other sub-custodian appointed by LBIE with regard to the assets of a GLG Fund,
and, to the extent there is a shortfall, GLG Funds will be able to effect setoff
against and to the extent of any amount owing by a GLG Fund to LBIE; |
|
|
|
|
the information we have received to date from the administrators of LBIE in relation
to the re-hypothecation of GLG Fund assets by LBIE is true and accurate; |
|
|
|
|
unsettled transactions between GLG Funds and LBIE at the time LBIE entered into
administration proceedings will be determined on the basis of a cash settlement of
those trades, in accordance with contractual agreements between the affected GLG Fund
and LBIE, or cancelled, in each case, as determined by us; |
|
|
|
|
the cash settlement amounts for terminated over-the-counter derivatives and other
transactions will be as determined by us in accordance with contractual documentation; |
|
|
|
|
the recovery on amounts estimated to be unsecured claims against LBIE will not be
materially greater or lesser than currently estimated by the GLG Funds; and |
|
|
|
|
there are no other facts or factors, which if known to us,
would lead us to conclude that the business of LBIE was conducted
otherwise than in accordance with the contractual documentation or
that any of our assumptions is incorrect. |
36
The fair value of the exposure is reviewed regularly, including the assumptions, with the
relevant GLG Funds directors, independent fund administrator and independent auditors, and updated
as necessary.
In July 2009, the administrators of LBIE announced a plan for the return of assets held on trust by
LBIE. The plan envisioned asking the courts in the U.K. to sanction a scheme of arrangement
under the U.K. Companies Act that, if approved by the requisite majorities of trust creditors and
sanctioned by the courts, would be binding on all trust creditors, even those who voted against
it. The U.K. courts have determined that they would not have jurisdiction to sanction such a
scheme of arrangement. Accordingly, the administrators of LBIE have proposed as an alternative to
the scheme of arrangement, a voluntary contractual scheme which would be binding only on these who
choose to participate in it. We expect the voluntary scheme to be formally proposed before the end
of 2009. If approved by the requisite majorities of trust creditors, the voluntary scheme would
crystallize claims and permit the administrators to begin to return assets during the first half of
2010.
It is not possible to say with certainty if or when the voluntary scheme will be
approved, whether the above assumptions will be validated, or whether the size of the GLG Funds
apparent entitlement should be adjusted upwards or downwards and the extent to which the GLG Funds
claims will be accepted or disputed. It is possible that, in respect of some or all of the long
positions owned by GLG Funds, the GLG Funds will not receive the return of these assets from Lehman
Brothers and may instead be exposed as a general creditor of one or more of the insolvent Lehman
Brothers entities. Accordingly, until we are able to fully reconcile our information and
assumptions with the administrators of LBIE and/or resolve any outstanding commercial and legal
disagreement or uncertainties with LBIE, or until the voluntary scheme is approved, the GLG Funds claims
made final and accepted, and distributions under the voluntary scheme completed, these estimates could change
or the assumptions may prove to be incorrect, and the estimated exposure of the GLG Funds could be
materially greater or lesser.
We are unable to estimate the exposure our institutional managed accounts have to LBIE as a
prime broker because the clients in these cases maintain the relationships with their third party
service providers, such as prime brokers, custodians and administrators, nor do we have access to
the terms of their agreements with LBIE or know the extent of exposure these clients may have to
LBIE outside of their managed account with us.
As a consequence of the administration of LBIE and the liquidation proceedings under the
Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970, as amended, of LBI, our private clients have been
unable to access their assets, including all securities and cash, in their respective accounts with
LBIE or LBI managed by us. To the extent our private clients assets constitute securities held in
custody by LBIE or LBI, we believe the clients should recover these securities to the extent these
securities do not collateralize amounts owing by our clients to LBIE or LBI. To the extent our
private clients assets constitute cash held by LBIE as client money, we believe the clients should
recover in the same proportion as all LBIE clients recover client money, with any shortfall
possibly (but we cannot say with certainty) resulting in an unsecured claim against the LBIE
estate. To the extent private clients are owed amounts under trading contracts with LBIE or LBI, we
believe such amounts will constitute unsecured claims against LBIE or LBI, as the case may be.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the position of any individual private client will depend on the
facts and circumstances surrounding such private clients claims, as well as their particular legal
rights and obligations pursuant to their agreements with LBIE or LBI.
The GLG Funds and managed accounts have, in the aggregate, recognized losses as a result of
the foregoing and, the GLG Funds and managed accounts may incur additional losses if our estimates
change and/or the assumptions we have made or outside opinions we have obtained prove incorrect.
In any event, the GLG Funds and managed accounts will suffer substantial delay before there is a
final resolution as to exposure and the ultimate recovery. If our clients, including the GLG Funds
and managed accounts, do not fully recover their assets, suffer losses or substantial delays, they
might redeem their investments, lose confidence in us and or make claims against us, our affiliates
and/or the GLG Funds.
37
Results of Operations
Condensed Consolidated GAAP Statement of Operations Information
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
Net revenues and other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management fees, net |
|
$ |
39,543 |
|
|
$ |
80,307 |
|
|
$ |
110,001 |
|
|
$ |
269,663 |
|
Performance fees, net |
|
|
1,945 |
|
|
|
6,833 |
|
|
|
50,704 |
|
|
|
89,762 |
|
Administration, service, and distribution fees, net |
|
|
6,407 |
|
|
|
17,751 |
|
|
|
17,817 |
|
|
|
60,448 |
|
Other |
|
|
326 |
|
|
|
(2,796 |
) |
|
|
7,555 |
|
|
|
2,412 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues and other income |
|
|
48,221 |
|
|
|
102,095 |
|
|
|
186,077 |
|
|
|
422,285 |
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation, benefits and profit share |
|
|
(136,631 |
) |
|
|
(227,387 |
) |
|
|
(455,217 |
) |
|
|
(777,130 |
) |
General, administrative and other |
|
|
(23,709 |
) |
|
|
(30,283 |
) |
|
|
(71,452 |
) |
|
|
(90,816 |
) |
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
(1,001 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,834 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Third party distribution, administration and
service fees |
|
|
(935 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,600 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses |
|
|
(162,276 |
) |
|
|
(257,670 |
) |
|
|
(530,103 |
) |
|
|
(867,946 |
) |
Loss from operations |
|
|
(114,055 |
) |
|
|
(155,575 |
) |
|
|
(344,026 |
) |
|
|
(445,661 |
) |
Realized gain/ (loss) on available-for-sale
investments |
|
|
1,029 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(20,188 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Gain on debt extinguishment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
84,821 |
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on business combination negative goodwill |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,122 |
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
196 |
|
|
|
2,043 |
|
|
|
845 |
|
|
|
6,685 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(3,051 |
) |
|
|
(6,028 |
) |
|
|
(9,618 |
) |
|
|
(18,795 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss before income taxes |
|
|
(115,881 |
) |
|
|
(159,560 |
) |
|
|
(267,044 |
) |
|
|
(457,771 |
) |
Income taxes |
|
|
1,300 |
|
|
|
(3,160 |
) |
|
|
(1,252 |
) |
|
|
(12,656 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
(114,581 |
) |
|
|
(162,720 |
) |
|
|
(268,296 |
) |
|
|
(470,427 |
) |
Less non-controlling interests: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share of loss |
|
|
15,634 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
35,861 |
|
|
|
|
|
Cumulative dividends on exchangeable shares |
|
|
(71 |
) |
|
|
(2,896 |
) |
|
|
(11,218 |
) |
|
|
(12,194 |
) |
Exchangeable shares dividend |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,472 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,418 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(99,018 |
) |
|
$ |
(167,088 |
) |
|
$ |
(243,653 |
) |
|
$ |
(487,039 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
38
Net Revenues and Other Income
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in GAAP Net Revenues and Other Income between
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Net revenues and other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management fees, net |
|
$ |
39,543 |
|
|
$ |
80,307 |
|
|
$ |
(40,764 |
) |
Performance fees, net |
|
|
1,945 |
|
|
|
6,833 |
|
|
|
(4,888 |
) |
Administration, service and distribution fees, net |
|
|
6,407 |
|
|
|
17,751 |
|
|
|
(11,344 |
) |
Other |
|
|
326 |
|
|
|
(2,796 |
) |
|
|
3,122 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues and other income |
|
$ |
48,221 |
|
|
$ |
102,095 |
|
|
$ |
(53,874 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Key ratios |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues and other income/average
net AUM, annualized |
|
|
0.95 |
% |
|
|
1.99 |
% |
|
|
(1.04 |
)% |
Management fees/average net AUM, annualized |
|
|
0.78 |
% |
|
|
1.57 |
% |
|
|
(0.79 |
)% |
Administration, service, and distribution
fees/average net AUM, annualized |
|
|
0.13 |
% |
|
|
0.35 |
% |
|
|
(0.22 |
)% |
Total net revenues and other income decreased by $53.9 million, or 52.8%, to $48.2 million for
the three months ended September 30, 2009 versus the three months ended September 30, 2008. This
decrease was driven primarily by lower management, performance and administration, service and
distribution fee revenue.
For management and administration, service and distribution fee revenues, we use net fee yield
as a measure of our fees generated for every dollar of our net AUM. The net management and
administration fee yield is equal to the management fees and administration fees, respectively,
divided by average net AUM for the applicable period.
Net management fees decreased by $40.8 million, or 50.8%, to $39.5 million. This decline in
net management fees was driven primarily by the decrease in net AUM and by a decrease in management
fee yield resulting from the changing mix of our AUM towards lower fee yielding products and the
impact of the SGAM UK acquisition-related long-only assets.
Net performance fees decreased by $4.9 million, or 71.5%, to $1.9 million. The decrease in
fees was driven by:
|
|
|
The generally lower levels of performance fee eligible AUM compared to September 30,
2008; |
|
|
|
|
The impact of the crystallization of performance fees in the three months ended
September 30, 2008 from certain managed accounts. There was no corresponding
crystallization in the three months ended September 30, 2009; and |
|
|
|
|
The timing of AUM inflows and outflows from our funds, resulting in crystallized
performance fees during the three months ended September 30. |
Net administration, service and distribution fees decreased by $11.3 million, or 63.9%, to
$6.4 million. This decline was primarily driven by two factors: (1) lower average net AUM
balances; and (2) the effect of the AUM
39
acquired through SGAM UK which does not carry an
administration fee, thereby lowering administration, service, and distribution fee yields as
calculated as a percentage of our AUM.
Other income increased by $3.1 million, to $0.3 million. This increase was primarily due to
foreign exchange gains in our pound sterling denominated cash balances as well as other fees of
approximately $1.0 million derived from the funds acquired in the acquisition of SGAM UK.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in GAAP Net Revenues and Other Income between
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Net revenues and other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management fees, net |
|
$ |
110,001 |
|
|
$ |
269,663 |
|
|
$ |
(159,662 |
) |
Performance fees, net |
|
|
50,704 |
|
|
|
89,762 |
|
|
|
(39,058 |
) |
Administration, service and distribution fees, net |
|
|
17,817 |
|
|
|
60,448 |
|
|
|
(42,631 |
) |
Other |
|
|
7,555 |
|
|
|
2,412 |
|
|
|
5,143 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues and other income |
|
$ |
186,077 |
|
|
$ |
422,285 |
|
|
$ |
(236,208 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Key ratios |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues and other income/average
net AUM, annualized |
|
|
1.40 |
% |
|
|
2.50 |
% |
|
|
(1.10 |
)% |
Management fees/average net AUM, annualized |
|
|
0.83 |
% |
|
|
1.59 |
% |
|
|
(0.76 |
)% |
Administration, service, and distribution
fees/average net AUM, annualized |
|
|
0.13 |
% |
|
|
0.36 |
% |
|
|
(0.23 |
)% |
Total net revenues and other income decreased by $236.2 million, or 55.9%, to $186.1 million
for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 versus the nine months ended September 30, 2008. This
decrease was driven primarily by lower management, performance and administration, service and
distribution fee revenue.
Net management fees decreased by $159.7 million, or 59.2%, to $110.0 million. This decline in
net management fees was driven primarily by the decrease in net AUM and by a decrease in management
fee yield resulting from the changing mix of our AUM towards lower fee yielding products and the
impact of the SGAM UK acquisition-related long-only assets.
Net performance fees decreased by $39.1 million, or 43.5%, to $50.7 million. The decrease in
fees was driven by:
|
|
|
The generally lower levels of performance fee eligible AUM compared to September 30,
2008; and |
|
|
|
|
The impact of fewer GLG Funds able to meet their respective performance hurdle rates
or high water marks since performance fees last crystallized, even if they generated
positive performance during the performance fee crystallization period. |
Net administration, service and distribution fees decreased by $42.6 million, or 70.5%, to
$17.8 million. This decline was primarily driven by two factors: (1) lower average net AUM
balances; and (2) the effect of the AUM
40
acquired through SGAM UK which does not carry an
administration fee, thereby lowering administration, service, and distribution fee yields as
calculated as a percentage of our AUM.
Other income increased by $5.1 million to $7.6 million. This increase was primarily due to
foreign exchange gains in our pound sterling denominated cash balances as well as other fees of
approximately $1.9 million derived from the funds acquired in the acquisition of SGAM UK.
Expenses
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in GAAP Expenses between Three Months Ended
September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation, benefits and profit share |
|
$ |
(136,631 |
) |
|
$ |
(227,387 |
) |
|
$ |
90,756 |
|
General, administrative and other |
|
|
(23,709 |
) |
|
|
(30,283 |
) |
|
|
6,574 |
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
(1,001 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,001 |
) |
Third party distribution, administration and service fees |
|
|
(935 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(935 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses |
|
$ |
(162,276 |
) |
|
$ |
(257,670 |
) |
|
$ |
95,394 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Key ratios |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation, benefits and profit
share / total GAAP net revenues and
other income |
|
|
283.3 |
% |
|
|
222.7 |
% |
|
|
60.6 |
% |
General, administrative and other /
total GAAP net revenues and other
income |
|
|
49.2 |
% |
|
|
29.7 |
% |
|
|
19.5 |
% |
Total expenses / total GAAP net revenues
and other income |
|
|
336.5 |
% |
|
|
252.4 |
% |
|
|
84.1 |
% |
Compensation, benefits and profit share decreased by $90.8 million, or 39.9%, to $136.6
million, primarily due to reduced discretionary bonuses and limited partner profit share, lower
expenses related to Acquisition-related share based compensation, as well as a decrease in the
Principals salaries. In addition, approximately $0.9 million of third party distribution,
administration and service fees were recorded which represent fund administration costs, as well as
cross-selling fees related to the SGAM UK funds. Additional amortization expenses of $1.0 million
related to intangible assets as part of the SGAM UK Acquisition. General, administrative and other
expenses decreased by $6.6 million, or 21.7% due to the implementation of expense management
initiatives.
41
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in GAAP Expenses between Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation, benefits and profit share |
|
$ |
(455,217 |
) |
|
$ |
(777,130 |
) |
|
$ |
321,913 |
|
General, administrative and other |
|
|
(71,452 |
) |
|
|
(90,816 |
) |
|
|
19,364 |
|
Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
(1,834 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,834 |
) |
Third party distribution, administration and service fees |
|
|
(1,600 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,600 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses |
|
$ |
(530,103 |
) |
|
$ |
(867,946 |
) |
|
$ |
337,843 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Key ratios |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation, benefits and profit
share / total GAAP net revenues and
other income |
|
|
244.6 |
% |
|
|
184.0 |
% |
|
|
60.6 |
% |
General, administrative and other /
total GAAP net revenues and other
income |
|
|
38.4 |
% |
|
|
21.5 |
% |
|
|
16.9 |
% |
Total expenses / total GAAP net revenues
and other income |
|
|
284.9 |
% |
|
|
205.5 |
% |
|
|
79.4 |
% |
Compensation, benefits and profit share decreased by $321.9 million, or 41.4%, to $455.2
million primarily due to reduced discretionary bonuses and limited partner profit share, lower
expenses related to Acquisition-related share based compensation as well as a decrease in the
Principals salaries. In addition, approximately $1.6 million of third party distribution,
administration and service fees were recorded which represent fund administration costs, as well as
cross-selling fees related to the SGAM UK funds. Additional amortization expenses of $1.8 million
related to intangible
assets as part of the SGAM UK Acquisition. General, administrative and other expenses
decreased by $19.4 million or 21.3% due to the implementation of expense management initiatives.
Non-GAAP Expense Measures
As discussed above under Assessing Business Performance, we present a non-GAAP
compensation, benefits, and profit share measure. The table below reconciles GAAP compensation,
benefits and profit share to non-GAAP CBP for the periods presented.
42
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in Non-GAAP Expenses between Three Months Ended
September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Non-GAAP expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GAAP compensation, benefits and profit share |
|
$ |
(136,631 |
) |
|
$ |
(227,387 |
) |
|
$ |
90,756 |
|
Add back: Acquisition-related compensation
expense and other compensation costs |
|
|
110,115 |
|
|
|
188,005 |
|
|
|
(77,890 |
) |
Non-GAAP CBP |
|
|
(26,516 |
) |
|
|
(39,382 |
) |
|
|
12,866 |
|
GAAP general, administrative and other |
|
|
(23,709 |
) |
|
|
(30,283 |
) |
|
|
6,574 |
|
Third party distribution, service and advisory |
|
|
(935 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(935 |
) |
Non-GAAP total expenses |
|
$ |
(51,160 |
) |
|
$ |
(69,665 |
) |
|
$ |
18,505 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Key ratios (based on non-GAAP measures) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-GAAP CBP / total GAAP net revenues and other income |
|
|
55.0 |
% |
|
|
38.6 |
% |
|
|
16.4 |
% |
General, administrative and other / total GAAP
net revenues and other income |
|
|
49.2 |
% |
|
|
29.7 |
% |
|
|
19.5 |
% |
Non-GAAP total expenses / total GAAP net revenues
and other income |
|
|
106.1 |
% |
|
|
68.3 |
% |
|
|
37.8 |
% |
Non-GAAP total expenses decreased by $18.5 million, or 26.6%, to $51.2 million primarily due
to:
|
|
|
Lower non-GAAP CBP primarily due to reduced discretionary bonuses and profit share
as a result of lower gross revenues; and |
|
|
|
|
Lower general, administrative, and other expenses due to the implementation of
expense management initiatives. |
These decreases were slightly offset by approximately $0.9 million of third party
distribution, service and advisory fees which reflect fund administration costs as well
as cross-selling fees related to the funds acquired as part of SGAM UK.
43
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in Non-GAAP Expenses between Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Non-GAAP expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GAAP compensation, benefits and profit share |
|
$ |
(455,217 |
) |
|
$ |
(777,130 |
) |
|
$ |
321,913 |
|
Add back: Acquisition-related compensation
expense and other compensation costs |
|
|
365,703 |
|
|
|
588,508 |
|
|
|
(222,805 |
) |
Non-GAAP CBP |
|
|
(89,514 |
) |
|
|
(188,622 |
) |
|
|
99,108 |
|
GAAP general, administrative and other |
|
|
(71,452 |
) |
|
|
(90,816 |
) |
|
|
19,364 |
|
Third party distribution, service and advisory |
|
|
(1,600 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,600 |
) |
Non-GAAP total expenses |
|
$ |
(162,566 |
) |
|
$ |
(279,438 |
) |
|
$ |
116,872 |
|
Key ratios (based on non-GAAP measures) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-GAAP CBP / total GAAP net revenues and other income |
|
|
48.1 |
% |
|
|
44.7 |
% |
|
|
3.4 |
% |
General, administrative and other / total GAAP
net revenues and other income |
|
|
38.4 |
% |
|
|
21.5 |
% |
|
|
16.9 |
% |
Non-GAAP total expenses / total GAAP net revenues and other income |
|
|
87.4 |
% |
|
|
66.2 |
% |
|
|
21.2 |
% |
Non-GAAP total expenses decreased by $116.9 million, or 41.8%, to $162.6 million primarily due
to:
|
|
|
Lower non-GAAP CBP primarily due to reduced discretionary bonuses and profit share
as a result of lower gross revenues. These decreases were slightly offset by
additional fixed compensation which included costs related to additional employees from
the SGAM UK acquisition, as well as redundancy charges due to the restructuring of the
SGAM UK acquired business during the second quarter of 2009; and |
|
|
|
|
Lower general, administrative, and other expenses due to the implementation of
expense management initiatives which were partially offset by additional expenses from
the operations acquired with SGAM UK. |
|
These decreases were slightly offset by approximately $1.6 million of third party
distribution, service and advisory fees which reflect fund administration costs as well
as cross-selling fees related to the funds acquired as part of SGAM UK. |
44
Net Interest Expense
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in Net Interest Income/(Expense) between Three Months Ended
September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Interest income |
|
$ |
196 |
|
|
$ |
2,043 |
|
|
$ |
(1,847 |
) |
Interest expense |
|
|
(3,051 |
) |
|
|
(6,028 |
) |
|
|
2,977 |
|
Net interest expense |
|
$ |
(2,855 |
) |
|
$ |
(3,985 |
) |
|
$ |
1,130 |
|
Interest income decreased by $1.8 million, or 90.4%, to $0.2 million. This decrease was
primarily driven by:
|
|
|
Lower income generating cash balances; and |
|
|
|
|
A decrease in interest yields on those cash balances |
Interest expense decreased by $3.0 million, or 49.4%, to $3.1 million. This decrease was
primarily driven by:
|
|
|
A decrease in LIBOR interest rates paid on our outstanding term debt; |
|
|
|
|
The overall decrease in our outstanding debt related to our May 2009 debt
restructuring and convertible note issuance; and |
|
|
|
|
The release of deferred gain on extinguishment of debt in the third quarter of 2009
reducing our interest expense on the effective yield basis. There was no corresponding
impact in the third quarter of 2008. |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in Net Interest Income/(Expense) between Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Interest income |
|
$ |
845 |
|
|
$ |
6,685 |
|
|
$ |
(5,840 |
) |
Interest expense |
|
|
(9,618 |
) |
|
|
(18,795 |
) |
|
|
9,177 |
|
Net interest expense |
|
$ |
(8,773 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,110 |
) |
|
$ |
3,337 |
|
Interest income decreased by $5.8 million, or 87.4%, to $0.8 million. This decrease was
primarily driven by:
|
|
|
Lower income generating cash balances; and |
|
|
|
|
A decrease in interest yields on those cash balances. |
Interest expense decreased by $9.2 million,, or 48.8%, to $9.6 million. This decrease was
primarily driven by:
45
|
|
|
A decrease in LIBOR interest rates paid on our outstanding term debt; |
|
|
|
|
The overall decrease in our outstanding debt related to our May 2009 debt
restructuring and convertible note issuance; and |
|
|
|
|
The release of deferred gain on extinguishment of debt in 2009 reducing our interest
expense on the effective yield basis. There was no corresponding impact in 2008. |
Gain on business combination
In connection with the SGAM UK acquisition completed on April 3, 2009, we recorded a bargain
purchase gain of approximately $21.1 related to negative goodwill. This gain was primarily driven
by:
|
|
|
The recording of the fair value of net assets acquired of $27.6 million, |
|
|
|
|
Offset by the consideration of $6.5 million paid to SGAM UK. |
Gain on extinguishment of debt
On May 15, 2009 the Company restructured its syndicated debt and revolving loan facilities,
with $284.5 million ($27.7 million of the revolving credit facility and $256.8 million of the term
loan) being repurchased by a consolidated subsidiary at 60% of par value.
The discount of $113.8 million arising from the restructuring, together with the unamortized
costs from the original Acquisition financing of $4.8 million and the direct finance costs relating
to the refinancing of approximately $6.0 million were allocated to each syndicate lender. The
revolving credit facility and term loans were evaluated under ASC Topic 470-50, Modifications and
Extinguishments, as to whether the facility/loan for each lender had been extinguished, reduced or
remained unchanged, and the amounts capitalized or taken to current period statement of operations
accordingly.
The outcome of the evaluation of the revolving credit facilities and term loans was that $84.8
million of the discount on repurchase was recognized in the statement of operations as a gain on
extinguishment, $26.5 million was added to the amortized cost of the continuing term loan, to be
amortized against interest expense over the remaining period of the loan under the effective yield
basis ($22.3 million remaining at September 30, 2009) and $6.9 million of the remaining costs were
deferred and will be amortized over the term of the debt.
Income Taxes
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
We calculate our effective tax rate on profit before tax and certain non-tax deductible
expenses and non-taxable income. For the three months ended September 30, 2009, $110.1 million of
our compensation expense related to acquisition-related share based compensation, $103.0 million
of which is not tax deductible, compared to $188.0 million for the three months ended September 30,
2008, $180.8 million of which was non-tax deductible. For the third quarter of 2009, we also
recognized amortization of intangibles of $1.0 million which is
non-tax deductible and a realized gain on
available-for-sale investments of $1 million which is non-taxable.
Our (loss)
/profit before tax and before these expenses was a loss of $12.9 million, and income of $21.3
million for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Companys
effective tax rate based on this measure was 10.1% and 14.9% for the three months ended September
30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. These rates differ from the U.S. Federal rate of tax of 35% as our
profits are predominantly earned outside the United States where lower rates of tax apply.
46
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
For the first nine months of 2009, $365.7 million of our compensation expense related to
acquisition-related share based compensation, $339.5 million of which is not tax deductible,
compared to $588.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, $541.4 million of which
was non-tax deductible. For the first nine months of 2009, we also recognized amortization of
intangibles of $1.8 million and a realized loss on available-for-sale investments of $20.2 million,
which are both non-tax deductible and negative goodwill arising on business combination of $21.1
million which is non-taxable. Our profit before tax and before these expenses was $73.4 million and
$83.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Our effective
tax rate based on this measure was 1.7% and 15.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and
2008, respectively. These rates differ from the U.S. Federal rate of tax of 35% as our profits are
predominantly earned outside the United States where lower rates of tax apply.
Non-controlling Interests
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
Non-controlling interest increased by $19.9 million from the third quarter of 2008 to the
third quarter of 2009. The difference between the periods was due to:
|
|
|
$15.6 million for the share of losses attributable to FA Sub 2 Exchangeable
Shareholders under ASC Topic 810 which was adopted as of January 1, 2009; |
|
|
|
|
$2.8 million in cumulative dividends accruing to holders of FA Sub 2 Exchangeable
shares; and |
|
|
|
|
$1.5 million for dividends accruing to holders of FA Sub 2 Exchangeable Shares in
the prior year period. |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
Non-controlling interest increased by $41.3 million from the first nine months of 2008 to the
first nine months of 2009. The difference between the periods was due to:
|
|
|
$35.9 million for the share of losses attributable to FA Sub 2 Exchangeable
Shareholders under ASC Topic 810 which was adopted as of January 1, 2009; |
|
|
|
|
$1.0 million in cumulative dividends accruing to holders of FA Sub 2 Exchangeable
shares; and |
|
|
|
|
$4.4 million for dividends accruing to holders of FA Sub 2 Exchangeable Shares in
the prior year period. |
Adjusted Net (Loss)/Income
As discussed above under Assessing Business Performance, we present a non-GAAP adjusted
net (loss)/ income measure. The table below reconciles net income to adjusted net income for the
periods presented.
47
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in Non-GAAP Adjusted Net (Loss)/Income between
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Derivation of non-GAAP adjusted net (loss)/ income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GAAP loss before non-controlling interest |
|
$ |
(114,581 |
) |
|
$ |
(162,720 |
) |
|
$ |
48,139 |
|
Add: Acquisition-related compensation expense |
|
|
110,115 |
|
|
|
188,005 |
|
|
|
(77,890 |
) |
Add: Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
1,001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,001 |
|
Deduct: Cumulative dividends |
|
|
(71 |
) |
|
|
(2,896 |
) |
|
|
2,825 |
|
Deduct: Tax effect of Acquisition-related compensation
expenses |
|
|
(260 |
) |
|
|
(553 |
) |
|
|
293 |
|
Deduct: Tax effect of amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
(281 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(281 |
) |
Deduct: Realized gain on available-for-sale investments |
|
|
(1,029 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,029 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-GAAP adjusted net (loss)/income |
|
$ |
(5,106 |
) |
|
$ |
21,836 |
|
|
$ |
(26,942 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted net income decreased by $26.9 million, to an adjusted net loss of $5.1 million. The
difference between the periods was due to:
|
|
|
A decrease of $77.9 million of Acquisition-related compensation attributable to the
agreement among principals and trustees; |
|
|
|
|
A reduction of $2.8 million related to the cumulative dividends accruing to holders
of FA Sub 2 Exchangeable Shares. |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
Change in Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income between
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
| |
2008 |
|
|
Change |
|
Derivation of non-GAAP adjusted net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GAAP loss before non-controlling interest |
|
$ |
(268,296 |
) |
|
$ |
(470,427 |
) |
|
$ |
202,131 |
|
Add: Realized loss on available-for-sale investments |
|
|
20,188 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,188 |
|
Add: Acquisition-related compensation expense |
|
|
365,703 |
|
|
|
588,508 |
|
|
|
(222,805 |
) |
Add: Amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
1,834 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,834 |
|
Deduct: Gain on business combination negative goodwill |
|
|
(21,122 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(21,122 |
) |
Deduct: Cumulative dividends |
|
|
(11,218 |
) |
|
|
(12,194 |
) |
|
|
976 |
|
Deduct: Tax effect of Acquisition-related compensation
expenses |
|
|
(1,056 |
) |
|
|
(6,010 |
) |
|
|
4,954 |
|
Deduct: Tax effect of amortization of intangible assets |
|
|
(514 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(514 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-GAAP adjusted net income |
|
$ |
85,519 |
|
|
$ |
99,877 |
|
|
$ |
(14,358 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
48
Adjusted net income decreased by $14.4 million, or 14.4%, to $85.5 million. This decrease
between the periods was primarily due to:
|
|
|
A decrease of $222.8 million of Acquisition-related compensation attributable to the
agreement among principals and trustees; |
|
|
|
|
Approximately $22.0 million due to the realized loss on available-for-sale
investments in 2009, and amortization of intangible assets; and |
|
|
|
|
A deduction of $21.1 million for the negative goodwill write back (non-cash)
attributable to the business combination related to the SGAM UK acquisition. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is a measurement of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including
ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, pay compensation, and satisfy other general business
needs. Our primary sources of funds for liquidity consist of cash flows provided by operating
activities, primarily the management fees and performance fees paid by the funds and accounts we
manage.
We expect that our cash on hand and cash flows from operating activities will satisfy our
liquidity needs with respect to debt obligations and operating expenses over the next twelve
months. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements, including the repayment of our debt
obligations, with net income, if any, and through the issuance of new debt, equity and/or
equity-linked securities and incurrence of loans.
On May 15, 2009, we amended our existing term loan and revolving credit facilities. Also on
May 15, 2009, we completed a private offering of $214 million aggregate principal amount of dollar
denominated convertible subordinated notes due 2014. On June 8, 2009, we completed the sale of an
additional $14.5 million aggregate principal amount of notes increasing the total aggregate amount
raised to $228.5 million. We utilized a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the
convertible notes to purchase term and revolving loans under the credit facilities of $284.5
million aggregate principal amount at 60% of par. The convertible notes were issued at par at an
interest rate of 5.00% per annum. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and
November 15 of each year, beginning November 15, 2009.
As a result of the credit agreement amendment, (i) the two financial covenants in the credit
facility (minimum AUM and leverage ratio) were eliminated; (ii) we are required to use 50% of our
excess cash flow (as defined in the amended credit agreement) annually to prepay the outstanding
senior loans; and (iii) the Company will be prohibited from making dividend payments to
shareholders for one year from May 15, 2009 and thereafter, dividends can only be made after the
outstanding principal amount of the term and revolving loans falls below $200 million.
Subject to restrictions on ownership of common stock, holders may convert their notes into
shares of common stock at any time on or prior to the business day immediately preceding the
maturity date of the notes. The initial conversion rate for the notes is 268.8172 shares of common
stock per $1,000 initial principle amount of notes (which represents an initial conversion price of
approximately $3.72 per share).
Due to our decreased AUM and our changed AUM mix (resulting from a decline in AUM in higher
fee paying alternative funds, the addition of the SGAM UK funds and an increase in our managed
accounts) as compared to the corresponding periods in 2008, our management and administration fees
have trended lower. In addition, many of our funds continue to have high-water marks, and until
these funds generate investment returns that overcome the high-water marks, or these funds
experience net inflows that carry no high-water marks and/or new funds are launched without
high-water marks, our ability to generate performance fees will be limited. We believe that we
will be able to continue to scale down our cost infrastructure, if required, in order to maintain
positive operating cash flow.
Our ability to execute our business strategy, particularly our ability to form new funds and
increase our AUM, depends on our ability to raise additional investor capital within such funds.
Decisions by investors to commit capital to the funds and accounts managed by us will depend upon a
number of factors including, but not limited to, the financial performance of such funds and
accounts, industry and market trends and performance and the relative attractiveness of alternative
investment opportunities.
49
Operating Activities
Our net cash used in operating activities was $77.7 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2009 compared to $146.9 million provided by operating cash flows for the period ended
September 30, 2008. These amounts primarily reflect cash-based fee income, less cash compensation,
benefits and non-personnel costs and tax payments and distributions to limited partners.
The $224.7 million change in operating activities between the periods was primarily
attributable to the following:
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Performance Fees. Performance fees are generally received every six months in the
month following crystallization (i.e,. 2009 operating cash flows will be the result of
receipts of June 2009 and December 2008 performance fees). Lower performance fees
contributed 358.2 million to the decrease in operating cash flows compared to the same
period in 2008. |
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Compensation, benefits and profit share. The most significant component of
compensation, benefits and profit share is discretionary compensation and discretionary
limited partner profit share paid during the year following the year in which the
related business performance is achieved (i.e, 2009 compensation cash flows are largely
influenced by discretionary compensation and discretionary limited partner profit share
paid in respect of 2008 business performance). Operating cash outflows from
compensation, benefits and profit share were $361.7 million lower as a result of a
reduction in the level of accrued compensation. |
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Management and Administration, Service and Distribution Fees. Management and
administration, service and distribution fees are largely received monthly and are
driven by the average net AUM and fee rates in each fund and managed account.
Management and administration, service and distribution fees contributed a decrease of
$231.9 million due to lower average net AUM. |
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General and Administrative. Cash outflow from general and administrative expenses
were lower by $4.2 million as a result of the implementation of cost management
initiatives. |
The mismatch in timing between receipt of largely semi-annual performance fee revenues and the
annual payment of associated discretionary compensation costs, when combined with the volatility of
performance fee revenues can lead to substantial volatility and differences between net income and
cash flows from operations.
Investing Activities
Our net cash provided by investing activities was $53.4 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2009 versus net cash used by investing activities of $9.9 million for the nine months
ended September 30, 2008.
The majority of the $63.2 million increase was driven by the following:
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Redemption of securities. In 2009, the redemption of securities net of securities
purchased contributed $47.3 million. There were no corresponding redemptions in 2008. |
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Purchases of subsidiaries. In 2009 and 2008 we purchased the following subsidiaries
GLG, Inc. in 2008 and SGAM UK in 2009. The purchase of GLG, Inc. in 2008, resulted
in a cash usage of $2.5 million, whereas cash (net of purchase consideration) acquired
with SGAM UK contributed $7.3 million. |
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Purchase of property and equipment. We reduced our capital expenditure on property
and equipment by $5.8 million. |
Financing Activities
Our net cash used by financing activities were $21.8 million and $167.8 million for the nine
months ended September 30, 2009 and September 30, 2008, respectively. The change of $146.0 million
was driven by the following:
50
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Issuance of Convertible Notes. In May and June 2009, we issued $228.5 million
aggregate principal amount of convertible notes. |
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Loan Repayments. As a result of our outstanding loans, we are required to make
periodic repayments. As part of the loan restructuring in May 2009, we made loan
repayments of $170.7 million. |
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Distributions to principals and trustees. During the 2008 period, we made payments
of $118.4 million to former GLG Shareowners in connection with the Acquisition. |
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Share repurchases. During the 2009 period, we repurchased shares of common stock in
the amount of $67.0 million as opposed to repurchases in the 2008 period of $4.0
million. |
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Warrant repurchases. During the 2008 period, we repurchased warrants for $37.6
million. There were no corresponding repurchases during the 2009 period. |
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Debt Issuance Costs. As a result of the transaction in the 2009 period, $12.5
million of debt issuance costs were incurred. |
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Dividends paid. Cash outflows of $10.7 million were paid in the 2008 period for
dividends paid to our shareowners. There have been no dividends paid in the 2009
period. |
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Warrant exercises. During the 2008 period there were warrant exercises which
contributed $2.6 million. There were no corresponding warrant exercises in the 2009
period. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies
On October 30, 2007, we entered into a credit agreement providing FA Sub 3 Limited, our wholly
owned subsidiary, with: (i) a 5-year non-amortizing revolving credit facility in a principal amount
of up to $40 million; and (ii) a 5-year amortizing term loan facility in a principal amount of up
to $530 million. Proceeds of the loans were used to finance the purchase price for the Acquisition,
to pay transaction costs and to repay our indebtedness and for working capital and other general
corporate purposes.
On May 15, 2009, we completed a private offering of $214 million aggregate principal amount of
our 5.00% dollar-denominated convertible subordinated notes due May 15, 2014. On June 8, 2009, we
issued a further $14.5 million aggregate principal amount of notes in connection with the exercise
of an over-allotment option.
A portion of the proceeds of the offering were used to acquire approximately $285 million of
$570 million principal amount of loans outstanding under the credit facility at 60% of par value
(the Purchased Loans). Any proceeds not used to acquire its outstanding indebtedness will be used
by us for general corporate purposes to the extent permitted under the credit agreement.
Concurrent with the acquisition of the Purchased Loans, the Credit Agreement was amended to
provide as follows: (1) mandatory prepayments of term loans and revolving loans (with term loans
being prepaid first) will be required to be made from 50% of excess cash flow (determined on a
consolidated basis) minus the aggregate amount of repurchase prepayments for such fiscal year; (2)
payments in respect of the Purchased Loans and cash interest expenses in respect of repurchase
prepayments will not be deducted when determining excess cash flow; and (3) mandatory prepayments
will be applied to prepay loans (other than Purchased Loans), and will not be applied to prepay
Purchased Loans until all other loans have been paid in full.
In addition, under the amended Credit Agreement, the applicable margin added to the interest
rate for term loans and revolving loans under the Credit Agreement is (i) 1.50% when interest is
determined by reference to Citibanks
51
base rate, the adjusted certificate of deposit rate or the federal funds effective rate and
(ii) 2.50% when interest is determined by reference to LIBOR, and will no longer be based on the
financial ratios applicable to us and our consolidated subsidiaries
Scheduled future principal payments (other than mandatory prepayments based on excess cash
flow described above) for long-term borrowings at September 30, 2009 are as follows:
Future Loan Principal Payments
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Year Ended December 31, |
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2009 |
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2010 |
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2011 |
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2012 |
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2013 |
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Thereafter |
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Total |
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(Dollars in thousands) |
$ |
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$ |
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$ |
142,750 |
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$ |
142,750 |
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$ |
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$ |
228,500 |
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$ |
514,000 |
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Scheduled future interest payments for long-term borrowings based on the weighted-average
interest rate of 1.55% at December 31, 2008 are as follows:
Future Loan Interest Payments
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Year Ended December 31, |
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2009 |
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2010 |
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2011 |
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2012 |
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2013 |
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Thereafter |
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Total |
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(Dollars in thousands) |
$8,334 |
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$ |
17,795 |
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$ |
16,610 |
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|
$ |
13,335 |
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$ |
11,425 |
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$ |
4,284 |
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$ |
71,964 |
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In the normal course of business, we enter into operating contracts that contain a variety of
representations and warranties and that provide general indemnifications. Our maximum exposure
under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be made against us
that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience, we expect the risk of material loss to be
remote.
52
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our predominant exposure to market risk is related to our role as investment manager for the
GLG Funds and accounts we manage for clients and the impact of movements in the fair value of their
underlying investments. Changes in value of assets managed will impact the level of management,
administration and performance fee revenues.
The broad range of investment strategies that are employed across the GLG Funds and the
managed accounts mean that they are subject to varying degrees and types of market risk. In
addition, as the GLG Funds and managed accounts are managed independently of each other and risk is
managed at a strategy and fund level, it is unlikely that any market event would impact all GLG
Funds and managed accounts in the same manner or to the same extent. Moreover, there is no netting
of performance fees across funds as these fees are calculated at the fund level.
The management of market risk on behalf of clients, and through the impact on fees to us, is a
significant focus for us and we use a variety of risk measurement techniques to identify and manage
market risk. Such techniques include Monte Carlo Value at Risk, stress testing, exposure management
and sensitivities, and limits are set on these measures to ensure the market risk taken is
commensurate with the publicized risk profile of each GLG Fund and in compliance with risk limits.
In order to provide a quantitative indication of the possible impact of market risk factors on
our future performance, the following sets forth the potential financial impact of scenarios
involving a 10% increase or decrease in the fair value of all investments in the GLG Funds and
managed accounts. While these scenarios are for illustrative purposes only and do not reflect our
managements expectations regarding future performance of the GLG Funds and managed accounts, they
represent hypothetical changes that illustrate the potential impact of such events.
Impact on Management Fees
Our management fees are based on the AUM of the various GLG Funds and accounts that we manage,
and, as a result, are impacted by changes in market risk factors. These management fees will be
increased or reduced in direct proportion to the impact of changes in market risk factors on AUM in
the related GLG Funds and accounts managed by us. A 10% change in the fair values of all of the
investments held by the GLG Funds and managed accounts as of September 30, 2009 would impact future
net management fees in the following four fiscal quarters by an aggregate of $15.4 million,
assuming that there is no subsequent change to the investments held by the GLG Funds and managed
accounts in those four following fiscal quarters.
Impact on Performance Fees
Our performance fees are generally based on a percentage of profits of the various GLG Funds
and accounts that we manage, and, as a result, are impacted by changes in market risk factors. Our
performance fees will therefore generally increase given an increase in the market value of the
investments in the relevant GLG Funds and managed accounts and decrease given a decrease in the
market value of the investments in the relevant GLG Funds and managed accounts. However, it should
be noted that we are not required to refund historically crystallized performance fees to the GLG
Funds and managed accounts. The calculation of the performance fee includes in certain cases
performance hurdles and high-water marks, and as a result, the impact on performance fees of a
10% change in the fair values of the investments in the GLG Funds and managed accounts cannot be
readily predicted or estimated.
Impact on Administration Fees
Our administration fees are generally based on the AUM of the GLG Funds and managed accounts
to which they relate and, as a result, are impacted by changes in market risk factors. Our
administration fees will generally increase given an increase in the market value of the
investments in the relevant GLG Funds and managed accounts and decrease given a decrease in the
market value of the investments in the relevant GLG Funds and managed accounts. A 10%
increase/(decrease) in the fair values of all of the investments held by the GLG Funds and managed
accounts as of September 30, 2009 would impact future net administration fees in the following four
fiscal quarters by an aggregate of $3.8/($3.4) million, respectively, assuming there is no
subsequent change to the investments held by the GLG Funds and managed accounts in those four
following fiscal quarters
53
Market Risk
The GLG Funds and accounts managed by us hold investments that are reported at fair value as
of the reporting date. Our AUM is a measure of the estimated fair values of the investments in the
GLG Funds and managed accounts. Our AUM will therefore increase (or decrease) in direct proportion
to changes in the market value of the total investments across all of the GLG Funds and managed
accounts. A 10% change in the fair values of all of the investments held by the GLG Funds and
managed accounts as of September 30, 2009 would impact our gross AUM by $2.4 billion and net AUM by
$2.2 billion as of such date. This change will consequently affect our management fees, performance
fees and administration fees as described above.
Exchange Rate Risk
The GLG Funds and the accounts managed by us hold investments that are denominated in foreign
currencies. The GLG Funds and the managed accounts may employ currency hedging to help mitigate the
risks of currency fluctuations.
Furthermore, share classes may be issued in the GLG Funds denominated in foreign currencies,
whose value against the currency of the underlying investments, or against our reporting currency,
may fluctuate. As a result, the calculation of our U.S. dollar AUM based on AUM denominated in
foreign currencies is affected by exchange rate movements. In addition, foreign currency movements
may impact the U.S. dollar value of our management fees, performance fees and administration fees.
For example, management fee revenues derived from AUM denominated in a foreign currency will accrue
in that currency and their value may increase or decline in U.S. dollar terms if the value of the
U.S. dollar changes against that foreign currency.
We utilize derivative instruments in an effort to manage our foreign currency exposures.
Management and performance fees that are calculated on share classes denominated in currencies
other than U.S. dollars are exposed to changes in the value of the U.S. dollar versus those
currencies as they are translated back into U.S. dollars. The majority of our foreign currency
exposure related to management and performance fees is to the Euro, with smaller exposures to the
British Pound and Japanese Yen. We have elected to utilize cash flow hedge accounting to hedge a
portion of our anticipated foreign currency revenue. The effective portion of the hedge is recorded
as a component of other comprehensive income and is released into management and performance fee
income, respectively, when the hedged revenues impact the income statement. The ineffective portion
of the hedge is recorded each period as derivative gain or loss in other income or other expense.
We carefully analyze our hedging counterparties and only utilize those with credit ratings of AA or
better.
Interest Rate Risk
The GLG Funds and accounts managed by us hold positions in debt obligations and derivatives
thereof, some of which accrue interest at variable rates and whose value is impacted by reference
to changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes may therefore directly impact the AUM valuation
of these GLG Funds and managed accounts, which may affect our management fees and performance fees
as described above. Our long-term debt consists of our outstanding revolving and term loan credit
facilities. Interest on the outstanding principal amounts is currently based on 1-month LIBOR plus
the applicable margin of 2.50%, which is reset periodically and is 2.74% until November 13, 2009. A
10% change in the 1-month LIBOR would impact our interest expense by approximately $0.01 million
for the 1-month period. The convertible subordinated debt was issued at a fixed interest rate of
5.00%.
54
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our co-principal
executive officers and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure
controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this
evaluation, our co-principal executive officers and our principal financial officer concluded that
our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the
quarter ended September 30, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent
or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are
subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
55
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
On January 25, 2008, the Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF) notified us of proceedings
relating to our trading in the shares of Infogrames Entertainment (Infogrames) on February 8 and
9, 2006, prior to the issuance by Infogrames on February 9, 2006 of a press release announcing poor
financial results. The AMFs decision to initiate an investigation into our trades in Infogrames
was based on a November 19, 2007 report prepared by the AMFs Department of Market Investigation
and Supervision (the Infogrames Report). According to the Infogrames Report, the trades
challenged by the AMF generated an unrealized capital gain for us as of the opening on February 10,
2006 of 179,000. The AMF investigation relates solely to the conduct of a former employee;
however, we were named as the respondent. If sustained, the charge against us could give rise to an
administrative fine under French securities laws. We filed our response to the Infogrames Report on
May 23, 2008. On September 24, 2009, the Rapporteur issued a written report concluding that we did
not engage in any wrongdoing and recommending that the AMF dismiss the case against us. A hearing
before the Commission des Sanctions of the AMF is scheduled for November 12, 2009.
We are also subject to various claims and assessments and regulatory inquiries and
investigations in the normal course of our business. While it is not possible at this time to
predict the outcome of any legal and regulatory proceedings with certainty and while some
investigations, lawsuits, claims or proceedings may be disposed of unfavorably to us, based on our
evaluation of matters that are pending or asserted our management believes the disposition of such
matters will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of
operations. An unfavorable ruling could include money damages or injunctive relief.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Our business, financial condition and results of operations can be impacted by a number of
risk factors, any one of which could cause our actual results to vary materially from recent
results or from our anticipated future results. Any of these risks could materially and adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, which in turn could materially
and adversely affect the price of our common stock or other securities.
Risks Related to Our Business
Difficult market conditions, market disruptions and volatility have adversely affected and may in
the future continue to adversely affect our business in many ways, each of which could materially
reduce our revenue and cash flow and adversely affect our business, results of operations or
financial condition.
Our business is materially affected by conditions in the global financial markets and economic
conditions throughout the world that are outside our control, such as interest rates, availability
of credit, inflation rates, economic uncertainty, changes in laws (including laws relating to
taxation, regulation of hedge funds and trading in securities), trade barriers, commodity prices,
currency exchange rates and controls and national and international political circumstances
(including wars, terrorist acts or security operations). Recently, global credit and other
financial markets have suffered and continue to suffer substantial stress, volatility, illiquidity
and disruption. Market turbulence reached unprecedented levels during the second half of 2008 and
the first quarter of 2009, as loss of investor confidence in the financial system resulted in an
historically unprecedented lack of liquidity, decline in asset values, and the bankruptcy or
acquisition of, or government assistance to, several major domestic and international financial
institutions. These factors, combined with volatile commodity prices and foreign exchange rates,
contributed to recessionary economic conditions globally and a deterioration in consumer and
corporate confidence and could further exacerbate the overall market disruptions and risks to
market participants, including the GLG Funds and managed accounts. These market conditions may
affect the level and volatility of securities prices and the liquidity and the value of investments
in the GLG Funds and managed accounts, and we may not be able to or may choose not to manage our
exposure to these market conditions.
Our profitability may also be adversely affected by fixed costs and the possibility that we
would be unable to or may choose not to scale back other costs within a time frame sufficient to
match any decreases in revenue relating to changes in market and economic conditions.
56
Global market conditions are inherently outside of our control and cannot be predicted. If
these conditions continue, they may impact our ability to consistently generate non-volatile
investment performance and attract new AUM, and may result in higher levels of redemptions from the
GLG Funds and managed accounts than they have historically experienced prior to the third quarter
of 2008. These factors may reduce our revenue growth, income and our ability to pay dividends on
our shares of common stock and may slow or reduce the growth of our business or may contract our
business. In particular, we may face the following heightened risks:
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The investment performance of the GLG Funds and managed accounts may be negatively
impacted. Negative fund performance reduces AUM, which decreases the management fees,
administration fees and performance fees we earn. Lower revenues may result in lower
adjusted net income and, therefore, reduced amounts available for dividends on our
shares of common stock or increased risk that we will be unable to comply with
financial covenants in our credit facility. |
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Performance fees, which historically have comprised a substantial portion of our
annual revenues, are largely contingent on the GLG Funds and managed accounts
generating positive annual investment performance in excess of high water marks or
generating investment performance in excess of certain benchmarks. We may be unable to
reach profitability in the future without substantial growth in performance fees. |
Our revenue, net income and cash flow are dependent upon performance fees, which may make it
difficult for us to achieve steady earnings growth on a semi-annual basis.
Our revenue, net income and cash flow are all highly variable, primarily due to the fact that
performance fees can vary significantly from period to period, in part, because performance fees
are recognized as revenue only when contractually payable, or crystallized, from the GLG Funds
and managed accounts to which they relate, generally on June 30 and December 31 of each year for
the majority of the GLG Funds. Although prior to 2008 we have historically had low inter-group
correlations across asset classes, we may also experience fluctuations in our results from period
to period due to a number of other factors, including changes in the values of the GLG Funds
investments, changes in the amount of distributions, dividends or interest paid in respect of
investments, changes in our operating expenses, the degree to which we encounter competition and
general economic and market conditions. Such variability may lead to volatility in the trading
price of our common stock and cause our results for a particular period not to be indicative of our
performance in a future period. It may be difficult for us to achieve steady growth in net income
and cash flow on a semi-annual basis, which could in turn lead to large adverse movements in the
price of our common stock or increased volatility in our stock price generally.
With a few exceptions, the GLG Funds and managed accounts have high water marks, whereby
performance fees are earned by us only to the extent that the net asset value of a GLG Fund or
managed account at the end of a semi-annual period exceeds the highest net asset value on the last
date on which a performance fee was earned. To the extent any of the GLG Funds and managed accounts
generate negative investment performance or generate positive performance less than the applicable
high water mark or benchmark, we would not earn performance fees for that GLG Fund or managed
account until the high water mark is re-achieved or the benchmark exceeded. Certain of the GLG
Funds and managed accounts also have LIBOR hurdles whereby performance fees are not earned during a
particular period until the returns of such funds surpass the LIBOR rate. The performance fees we
earn are therefore dependent on the net asset value of the GLG Funds and managed accounts, which
could lead to significant volatility in our semi-annual results. Because our revenue, net income
and cash flow can be highly variable from period to period, we plan not to provide any guidance
regarding our expected semi-annual and annual operating results. The lack of guidance may affect
the expectations of public market analysts and could cause increased volatility in our stock price.
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates could materially affect our business, results of operations
and financial condition.
We use U.S. dollars as our reporting currency. Our clients invest in GLG Funds and managed
accounts in different currencies, including Pounds Sterling and Euros. In addition, GLG Funds and
managed accounts hold investments denominated in many foreign currencies. To the extent that our
fee revenues are based on AUM denominated in such foreign currencies, our reported fee revenues may
be significantly affected by the exchange rate of
57
the U.S. dollar against these currencies. Typically, an increase in the exchange rate between
U.S. dollars and these currencies will reduce the impact of revenues denominated in these
currencies in our financial statements. For example, management fee revenues derived from each Euro
of AUM denominated in Euros will decline in U.S. dollar terms if the value of the U.S. dollar
appreciates against the Euro. In addition, the calculation of the amount of our AUM is effected by
exchange rate movements as AUM denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted
to U.S. dollars. We also incur a significant portion of our expenditures in currencies other than
U.S. dollars. As a result, our business is subject to the effects of exchange rate fluctuations
with respect to any currency conversions and our ability to hedge these risks and the cost of such
hedging or our decision not to hedge could impact the performance of the GLG Funds and our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
In order to retain our investment professionals during periods of poor performance, we may have to
pay our investment professionals a significant amount, even if we earn low or no performance fees,
which could have an adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Competition for investment professionals in the asset management industry is intense. We have
set compensation at levels that we believe are competitive against compensation offered by other
alternative asset managers and leading investment banks against whom we compete for senior
management and other key personnel, principally those located in London, while taking into account
the performance of the GLG Funds and managed accounts. We believe these forms of remuneration are
important to align the interests of our senior management and key personnel with those of investors
in the GLG Funds. However, even if we earn low or no performance fees, we may be required to pay
significant compensation and limited partner profit share to retain our key personnel. In these
circumstances, these amounts may represent a greater percentage of our revenues than they have
historically.
We pay a substantial portion of our compensation expense in the form of annual bonuses and
limited partner profit share, which are variable and discretionary. Typically, the performance fees
we earn fund a significant amount of the cash bonuses and limited partner profit share that we pay.
In periods where we earn little or no performance fees, our ability to pay cash bonuses and limited
partner profit share will be reduced. This may affect our ability to retain and attract investment
professionals and other key personnel.
Investors in the GLG Funds and investors with managed accounts can generally redeem investments
with only short periods of notice and the rate of redemptions could accelerate if the GLG Funds and
managed accounts underperform, which could make it more difficult to manage the liquidity levels of
the GLG Funds and managed accounts, reduce AUM and adversely affect our revenues.
Investors in the GLG Funds and investors with managed accounts may generally redeem their
investments with only short periods of notice. Investors may reduce the aggregate amount of their
investments, or transfer their investments to other funds or asset managers with different fee rate
arrangements, for any number of reasons, including investment performance, changes in prevailing
interest rates and financial market performance, or for no reason. If interest rates are rising
and/or stock markets are declining, the pace of fund and managed account redemptions could
accelerate. Redemptions of investments in the GLG Funds could also take place more quickly than
assets may be sold on account of those funds to meet the price of such redemptions, which could
result in the relevant funds and/or our being in breach of applicable legal, regulatory and
contractual requirements in relation to such redemptions, resulting in possible regulatory and
stockholder actions against us and/or the GLG Funds. Any such action could potentially cause
further redemptions and/or make it more difficult to attract new investors. The redemption of
investments in the GLG Funds or in managed accounts could adversely affect our revenues, which are
substantially dependent upon the AUM in the GLG Funds. If redemptions of investments cause our
revenues to decline, they could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations or financial condition.
As a result of the recent market developments and the potential for increased and continuing
disruptions and the resulting uncertainty during the second half of 2008, we experienced an
increase in the level of redemptions from the GLG Funds and managed accounts. Redemption rates may
stay elevated globally while market conditions remain unsettled. If the level of redemption
activity persists at above normal levels, it could become more difficult to manage the liquidity
requirements of the GLG Funds, making it more difficult or more costly for the GLG Funds to
liquidate positions rapidly to meet margin calls, redemption requests or otherwise. In addition to
the impact on the market value of AUM, the illiquidity and volatility of the global financial
markets have negatively affected our ability to manage inflows and outflows from the GLG Funds. Our
ability to attract new capital to existing GLG Funds or to develop investment
58
platforms may be limited during this period. The temporary closures of securities exchanges in
certain foreign markets, such as Brazil and Russia, could further negatively impact the liquidity
of the GLG Funds that invest in those markets. The respective boards of directors of the GLG Funds
have the right to restrict redemptions from the GLG Funds for certain periods in the event of
certain limited circumstances, as specified in the prospectuses for the respective GLG Funds.
Several alternative asset managers, including us, have in the past exercised similar rights with
respect to the funds they manage and we have and may in the future recommended that the boards of
directors of certain of the GLG Funds exercise the rights available to them. The exercise of these
rights may have an adverse effect on the ability of the GLG Funds to attract additional AUM.
If the GLG Funds or managed accounts underperform, existing fund investors may decide to
reduce or redeem their investments or transfer asset management responsibility to other asset
managers and we may be unable to obtain new asset management business. Poor performance relative to
other asset management firms may result in reduced investments in the GLG Funds and managed
accounts and increased redemptions from the GLG Funds and managed accounts. As a result, investment
underperformance could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or
financial condition.
We may face further redemptions from the GLG Funds and managed accounts for reasons not
specifically related to investment performance, which may further reduce AUM or adversely impact
our ability to attract new investments, resulting in a material adverse effect on our business,
results of operations or financial condition.
Investors worldwide have reduced or eliminated their investments in many asset classes as
confidence in the global financial system has eroded. These actions have resulted in increased
redemptions for the asset management industry worldwide, including hedge funds. Redemption rates
may stay elevated globally while market conditions remain unsettled. The GLG Funds and managed
accounts are not immune to this trend and significant, additional redemptions from the GLG Funds
and managed accounts that are not specifically related to investment performance may occur, which
would reduce our AUM, net revenues and net income. For example, to the extent the GLG Funds have
fund of hedge fund investments from aggregators who are themselves faced with client redemptions,
those aggregators may choose to or be forced to redeem from the GLG Funds to obtain liquidity for
their redeeming clients. In addition, our ability to attract new capital to existing GLG Funds or
developing investment platforms may be limited during this period.
We are dependent on the continued services of Noam Gottesman, Pierre Lagrange and Emmanuel Roman
(the Principals) and other key personnel. The loss of key personnel could have a material adverse
effect on us.
Our Principals and other key personnel have contributed to the growth and success of our
business. We are dependent on the continued services of Messrs. Gottesman, Roman and Lagrange and
other key personnel for our future success. The loss of any Principal or other key personnel may
have a significant effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
The market for experienced asset management professionals is extremely competitive and can be
characterized by frequent movement of employees among firms. Due to the competitive market for
asset management professionals and the success achieved by some of our key personnel, the costs to
attract and retain key personnel are significant and could increase over time. In particular, if we
lose any of our Principals or other key personnel, there is a risk that we may also experience
outflows from AUM or fail to obtain new business. For example, the April 2008 announcement of the
departure of the previous portfolio manager of the GLG Emerging Markets Fund and three other
emerging markets funds in October 2008 contributed to the decline in our net AUM and, together with
the performance of these funds, resulted in the redemption of approximately $4.4 billion from these
GLG Funds during 2008. The inability to attract or retain the necessary highly skilled key
personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial
condition.
The cost of compliance with international employment, labor, benefits and tax regulations may
adversely increase our costs, affect our revenue and impede our ability to expand internationally.
Since we operate our business internationally, we are subject to many different employment,
labor, benefit and tax laws in each country in which we operate, including laws and regulations
affecting employment practices and our relations with the Principals and some of our key personnel
who participate in the limited partner profit share
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arrangement. If we are required to comply with new regulations or new or different
interpretations of existing regulations, or if we are unable to comply with these regulations or
interpretations, our business could be adversely affected, or the cost of compliance may make it
difficult to expand into new international markets, or we may be liable for additional costs, such
as social security or social insurance, which may be substantial. Additionally, our competitiveness
in international markets may be adversely affected by regulations requiring, among other things,
the awarding of contracts to local contractors, the employment of local citizens and/or the
purchase of services from local businesses or that favor or require local ownership.
If we experience rapid growth, whether through attracting new investments, acquiring other asset
management businesses or otherwise, it may place significant demands on our administrative,
operational and financial resources.
Rapid growth may cause significant demands on our legal, accounting, technology and
operational infrastructure and increased expenses. The complexity of these demands, and the expense
required to address them, may be a function not only of the amount by which our AUM have grown, but
of significant differences in the investing strategies of our different funds. In addition, we are
required to continuously develop our systems and infrastructure in response to the increasing
sophistication of the investment management market and legal, accounting and regulatory
developments. Our future growth depends, among other things, on our ability to maintain an
operating platform and management system sufficient to address our growth and requires us to incur
significant additional expenses and commit additional senior management and operational resources.
As a result, we face significant challenges:
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in maintaining adequate financial and business controls; |
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in implementing new or updated information and financial systems and procedures; and |
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in training, managing and appropriately sizing our work force and other components
of our business on a timely and cost-effective basis. |
During 2008, we added a number of new portfolio managers for the GLG Funds, including for the
emerging markets, macro, distressed debt and special situations strategies. On April 3, 2009, we
completed the acquisition of Société Générale Asset Management UK (SGAM UK), Société Générales
UK long-only asset management business. The acquisition includes SGAM UKs operations, which had
approximately $6.8 billion of AUM as of March 31, 2009, and its investment and support staff, based
primarily in London. In March 2009, GLG Partners LP became the investment manager of the funds and
accounts managed by Pendragon Capital, whose founders have joined us as portfolio managers.
Integrating these new portfolio managers and their teams, operations, funds and accounts may be
expensive, time-consuming and a further strain on our resources and may not be successful. The
diversion of managements attention and any delays or difficulties encountered in connection with
these acquisitions and the integration of these portfolio managers, operations, funds and accounts
may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to manage our growth, acquisitions or expanding
operations effectively or that we will be able to continue to grow, and any failure to do so could
adversely affect our ability to generate revenue and control our expenses.
There can be no assurance that our expansion into the United States or other markets will be
successful.
While we are currently in the process of developing distribution capability in the United
States, the Middle East and Asia, expanding our operations into the United States or other markets
will be difficult due to a number of factors, including the fact that several of these markets are
well-developed, with established competitors and different regulatory regimes. Our failure to
continue to grow our revenues (whether or not as a result of a failure to increase AUM), expand our
business or control our cost base could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations or financial condition.
Damage to our reputation, including as a result of personnel misconduct, failure to manage inside
information, fraud, restricting redemptions from certain GLG Funds or side-pocketing certain
illiquid private placement investments, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
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Our reputation is one of our most important assets. Our relationships with individual and
institutional investors and other significant market participants are very important to our
business. Any deterioration in our reputation held by one or more of these market participants
could lead to a loss of business or a failure to win new fund mandates. For example, we are exposed
to the risk that litigation, regulatory action, misconduct, operational failures, negative
publicity or press speculation, whether or not valid, could harm our reputation. Factors that could
adversely affect our reputation include but are not limited to:
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fraud, misconduct or improper practice by any of our personnel, including failure to
comply with applicable regulations or non-adherence by a portfolio manager to the
investment guidelines applicable to each GLG Fund. Such actions can be particularly
detrimental in the provision of financial services and could involve, for example,
fraudulent transactions entered into for a clients account, diversion of funds, the
intentional or inadvertent release of confidential information or failure to follow
internal procedures. Such actions could expose us to financial losses resulting from
the need to reimburse customers or other business partners or as a result of fines or
other regulatory sanctions, and may significantly damage our reputation; |
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failure to manage inside information. We frequently trade in multiple securities of
the same issuer. In the course of transactions involving these securities, we may
receive inside information in relation to certain issuers. If we do not sufficiently
control the use of this inside information or any other inside information we receive,
we and/or our employees could be subject to investigation and criminal or civil
liability; |
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failure to manage conflicts of interest. As we have expanded the scope of our
business and client base, we have been increasingly exposed to potential conflicts of
interest. If we fail, or appear to fail, to deal appropriately with conflicts of
interest, we could face significant damage to our reputation, litigation or regulatory
proceedings or penalties; |
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restricting redemptions from certain GLG Funds. The GLG Funds have the right to
restrict redemptions from the GLG Funds for certain periods in the event of certain
limited circumstances as specified in the prospectuses for the respective GLG Funds.
The exercise of these rights to restrict redemptions may be perceived as a weakness and
fund investors may suffer a reduced ability to withdraw their original investments in
the affected GLG Funds, resulting in significant reputational damage and could lead to
a reduction in investments in the GLG Funds and hinder our ability to attract new
investments. In addition, it may prompt fund investors to redeem their existing
investments in other GLG Funds that have not elected to exercise these rights. As of
December 31, 2008, approximately $1.5 billion of AUM were in GLG Funds for which the
related fund boards of directors had suspended redemptions, which had decreased to
approximately $0.3 billion of AUM as of September 30, 2009. The funds included: The
GLG MMI Enhanced II Fund, GLG Global Utilities Fund, GLG Credit Fund, GLG MMI Enhanced
Fund, and GLG Event Driven Fund. We continue to receive full management and
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side-pocketing certain illiquid private placement and other not readily realizable
investments, including claims to recover assets, cash or receivables from LBIS. Certain
GLG Funds have and may in the future side-pocket certain private placement and other
not readily realizable investments into separate special asset vehicles, providing
investors with illiquid interests in the new special asset vehicles in lieu of
returning their invested capital. As fund investors suffer a reduced ability to
withdraw their original investments from the GLG Funds due to this side pocketing, our
reputation may be subject to substantial damage. This reputational harm may hinder our
ability to obtain new investments and may prompt investors to redeem their existing
investments in other GLG Funds or managed accounts. |
Damage to our reputation as a result of these or other factors could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
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Operational risks may disrupt our business, result in losses or limit our growth.
We rely heavily on our financial, accounting and other data processing systems. If any of
these systems do not operate properly or are disabled, we could suffer financial loss, a disruption
of our business, liability to the GLG Funds, regulatory intervention or reputational damage.
In addition, we operate in a business that is highly dependent on information systems and
technology. Our information systems and technology may not continue to be able to accommodate our
growth, and the cost of maintaining such systems may increase from its current level. Such a
failure to accommodate growth, or an increase in costs related to such information systems, could
have a material adverse effect on us.
Furthermore, we depend on our office in London, where most of our personnel are located, for
the continued operation of our business. A disaster or a disruption in the infrastructure that
supports our business, including a disruption involving electronic communications or other services
used by us or third parties with whom we conduct our business, or directly affecting our London
office, could have a material adverse impact on our ability to continue to operate our business
without interruption. Our disaster recovery programs may not be sufficient to mitigate the harm
that may result from such a disaster or disruption. In addition, insurance and other safeguards
might only partially reimburse us for our losses, if at all.
Through outsourcing arrangements, we and the GLG Funds rely on third-party administrators and
other providers of middle-and back-office support and development functions, such as prime brokers,
custodians, market data providers and certain risk system, portfolio and management and
telecommunications system providers. Any interruption in our ability to rely on the services of
these third parties or deterioration in their performance could impair the quality (including the
timing) of our services. Furthermore, if the contracts with any of these third-party providers are
terminated, we may not find alternative outsource service providers on a timely basis or on
equivalent terms. The occurrence of any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our business may suffer as a result of loss of business from key private and institutional
investors.
We generate a significant proportion of our revenue from a small number of our top clients. As
of September 30, 2009, the assets of our top individual client accounted for approximately 4% of
our net AUM. As of September 30, 2009, our largest institutional investor account represented
approximately 11% of our net AUM, with the top ten accounts collectively contributing approximately
47% of our net AUM. The loss of all or a substantial portion of the business provided by one or
more of these clients would have a material impact on the income we derive from management and
performance fees and consequently have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations or financial condition. We may be subject to regulatory investigation or enforcement
action or a change in regulation in the jurisdictions in which we operate.
We are subject to substantial litigation and regulatory enforcement risks, and we may face
significant liabilities and damage to our professional reputation as a result of litigation
allegations or regulatory investigations and the attendant negative publicity.
The investment decisions we make in our asset management business subject us to the risk of
regulatory investigations and enforcement actions in connection with our investment activities, as
well as third-party litigation arising from investor dissatisfaction with the performance of those
investment funds and a variety of other litigation claims. In general, we are exposed to risk of
litigation by GLG Fund investors if a GLG Fund suffers losses resulting from the negligence,
willful default, bad faith or fraud of the manager or the service providers to whom the manager has
delegated responsibility for the performance of its duties. We have in the past been, and we may in
the future be, the subject of investigations and enforcement actions by regulatory authorities
resulting in fines and other penalties, which may be harmful to our reputation, as well as our
business, results of operations or financial condition.
On January 25, 2008, the Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF), the French securities
regulator, notified us of proceedings relating to GLGs trading in the shares of Infogrames
Entertainment (Infogrames) on February 8 and 9, 2006, prior to the issuance by Infogrames on
February 9, 2006 of a press release announcing poor financial results. The
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AMFs decision to initiate an investigation into GLGs trades in Infogrames was based on a
November 19, 2007 report prepared by the AMFs Department of Market Investigation and Supervision
(the Infogrames Report). According to the Infogrames Report, the trades challenged by the AMF
generated an unrealized capital gain for GLG as of the opening on February 10, 2006 of 179,000.
The AMF investigation of us relates solely to the conduct of a former employee; however, we were
named as the respondent. If sustained, the charge against us could give rise to an administrative
fine under French securities laws up to ten times the alleged illicit gains, as well. We filed our
response to the Infogrames Report on May 23, 2008. On September 24, 2009, the Rapporteur issued a
written report, concluding that we did not engage in any wrongdoing and recommending that the AMF
dismiss the case against us. A hearing before the Commission des Sanctions of the AMF is scheduled
for November 12, 2009.
As a result of regulatory actions, increased litigation in the financial services industry or
other reasons, we could be subject to civil liability, criminal liability or sanctions (including
revocation of the licenses of our employees or limited partners), censures fines, or temporary
suspension or permanent bar from conducting business. Regulatory proceedings could also result in
adverse publicity or negative perceptions regarding our business and divert managements attention
from the day-to-day management of our business. Any regulatory investigations, proceedings,
consequent liabilities or sanctions could have a material adverse effect on our business, results
of operations or financial condition.
In addition, we are exposed to risks of litigation or investigation relating to transactions
which present conflicts of interest that are not properly addressed. In such actions, we would be
obligated to bear legal, settlement and other costs (which may be in excess of available insurance
coverage). Although we would be indemnified by the GLG Funds, our rights to indemnification may be
challenged. If we are required to incur all or a portion of the costs arising out of litigation or
investigations as a result of inadequate insurance proceeds or failure to obtain indemnification
from the GLG Funds, our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity would be
materially adversely affected. Each of the GLG Funds is structured as a limited liability company
or unit trust, incorporated in the Cayman Islands, Ireland or Luxembourg. The laws of these
jurisdictions, particularly with respect to shareholders rights, partner rights and bankruptcy,
differ from the laws of the United States and could change, possibly to the detriment of the GLG
Funds and us.
We are subject to intense competition and could lose business to our competitors.
The asset management industry is extremely competitive. Competition includes numerous
national, regional and local asset management firms and broker-dealers, commercial bank and thrift
institutions, and other financial institutions. Many of these organizations offer products and
services that are similar to, or compete with, those offered by us and have substantially more
personnel and greater financial resources than we do. Our key areas for competition include
historical investment performance, our ability to source investment opportunities, our ability to
attract and retain the best investment professionals, quality of service, the level of fees
generated or earned by our managers and our investment managers stated investment strategy. We
also compete for investment assets with banks, insurance companies and investment companies. Our
ability to compete may be adversely affected if we underperform in comparison to relevant
benchmarks or peer groups.
The competitive market environment may result in increased pressure on revenue margins (e.g.,
by the provision of management fee rebates). Our profit margins and earnings are dependent in part
on our ability to maintain current fee levels for the products and services that we offer. In the
current environment, many competitor asset managers have experienced substantial declines in
investment performance, increased redemptions, or counterparty exposures which impair their
businesses. Some of these asset managers have reduced their fees in an attempt to avoid additional
redemptions. Competition within the alternative asset management industry could lead to pressure on
us to reduce the fees that we charge our clients for products and services. A failure to compete
effectively in this environment may result in the loss of existing clients and business, and of
opportunities to capture new business, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations or financial condition.
Furthermore, consolidation in the asset management industry may accelerate, as many asset
managers are unable to withstand the substantial declines in investment performance, increased
redemptions, and other pressures impacting their businesses, including increased regulatory,
compliance and control requirements. Some of our competitors may acquire or combine with other
competitors. The combined business may have greater resources than we do and may be able to compete
more effectively against us and acquire rapidly significant market share.
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Certain of our investment management and advisory agreements are subject to termination on short
notice.
Institutional and individual clients, and firms and agencies with which we have strategic
alliances, can terminate their relationships with us for various reasons, including unsatisfactory
investment performance, interest rate changes and financial market performance. Termination of
these relationships could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and
financial condition. Each of the GLG Funds has appointed either GLG Partners (Cayman) Limited (in
the case of Cayman Islands funds and the Luxembourg fund) or GLG Partners Asset Management Limited
(in the case of the Irish funds) as the manager under the terms of a management agreement, which is
terminable on not less than 30 days written notice by either party (i.e., the fund or the manager)
or immediately in certain circumstances. For each GLG Fund, the manager has appointed GLG Partners
LP as investment manager under the terms of an investment management agreement, which is terminable
on not less than 30 days written notice by either party (i.e., the manager or the investment
manager) or immediately in certain circumstances. The articles of association of each GLG Fund
generally provide that the fund cannot terminate the management agreement unless holders of not
less than 50% of the outstanding issued share capital (or in certain GLG Funds, voting shares) have
previously voted in favor of the termination at a general meeting of the fund.
The historical returns attributable to the GLG Funds may not be indicative of our future results or
of any returns expected on an investment in our common stock.
The historical and potential future returns of the GLG Funds are not directly linked to
returns on our capital. Therefore, you should not conclude that continued positive performance of
the GLG Funds will necessarily result in positive returns on an investment in our common stock.
However, poor performance of the GLG Funds would cause a decline in our revenue from such funds,
and would therefore have a negative effect on our performance and in all likelihood the returns on
an investment in our common stock.
Our insurance arrangements may not be adequate to protect us.
Our business entails the risk of liability related to litigation from clients or third-party
vendors and actions taken by regulatory agencies. There can be no assurance that a claim or claims
will be covered by insurance or, if covered, will not exceed the limits of available insurance
coverage, or that any insurer will remain solvent and will meet its obligations to provide us with
coverage or that insurance coverage will continue to be available with sufficient limits at a
reasonable cost. Renewals of insurance policies may expose us to additional costs through higher
premiums or the assumption of higher deductibles or co-insurance liability. The future costs of
maintaining insurance or meeting liabilities not covered by insurance could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We use substantial amounts of leverage to finance our business, which exposes us to substantial
risks.
We have used a significant amount of borrowings to finance our business operations as a public
company, including for the provision of working capital, warrant and share repurchases, making
minimum tax distributions and limited partner profit share distributions, acquisition financing and
general business purposes. This exposes us to the typical risks associated with the use of
substantial leverage, including those discussed below under Risks Related to the GLG Funds
There are risks associated with the GLG Funds use of leverage. These risks could result in an
increase in our borrowing costs and could otherwise adversely affect our business in a material
way. In addition, when our credit facilities expire, we will need to negotiate new credit
facilities with our existing lenders, replace them by entering into credit facilities with new
lenders or find other sources of liquidity, and there is no guarantee that we will be able to do so
on attractive terms or at all, particularly given the current crisis in the credit markets. See
Part I, Item 2, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
OperationsLiquidity and Capital Resources of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended September 30, 2009 for a further discussion of our liquidity.
An increase in our borrowing costs may adversely affect our earnings and liquidity.
In 2007, we borrowed an aggregate of $570.0 million under our revolving credit and term loan
facilities of which approximately $307.8 million was outstanding as of September 30, 2009. When
these facilities become due on November 2, 2012, we will be required to refinance them by entering
into new credit facilities or issuing debt securities,
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which could result in higher borrowing costs, or issuing equity, which would dilute existing
stockholders. We could also repay some or all of the revolving credit and term loan facilities by
using cash on hand or cash from the sale of our assets provided sufficient cash and/or assets are
available for such purposes. No assurance can be given that we will be able to enter into new
credit facilities or issue debt or equity securities in the future on attractive terms, or at all,
particularly given the current crisis in the credit markets, or that we will have sufficient cash
on hand to repay the revolving credit and term loan facilities.
The term loans and revolving Loans bear interest at a floating interest rate (currently 2.74%)
based on 1-month LIBOR plus the applicable margin of 2.50%. Under the amended Credit Agreement,
the interest rate is a base rate plus an applicable margin equal to (1) 1.50% when interest is
determined by reference to Citibanks base rate, the adjusted certificate of deposit rate or the
federal funds effective rate and (2) 2.50% when interest is determined by reference to LIBOR, in
each case, subject to certain adjustments under the Credit Agreement. As such, the interest expense
we incur will vary with changes in the applicable base rate. An increase in interest rates would
adversely affect the market value of any fixed-rate debt investments and/or subject them to
prepayment or extension risk, which may adversely affect our earnings and liquidity.
If we were deemed an investment company under the Investment Company Act, applicable restrictions
could make it impractical for us to continue our business as contemplated and could have a material
adverse effect on our business.
A person will generally be deemed to be an investment company for purposes of the Investment
Company Act, if:
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it is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage
primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities; or |
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absent an applicable exemption, it owns or proposes to acquire investment securities
having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of U.S.
government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. |
We believe that we are engaged primarily in the business of providing asset management and
financial advisory services and not in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in
securities. We also believe that the primary source of income from our business will be properly
characterized as income earned in exchange for the provision of services. We are an asset
management and financial advisory firm and do not propose to engage primarily in the business of
investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Accordingly, we do not believe that we are an
orthodox investment company as defined in Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act and
described in the first bullet point above. Further, we have no material assets other than our
equity interests in our subsidiaries, which in turn have no material assets, other than equity
interests in other subsidiaries and inter-company debt. We do not believe our equity interests in
our subsidiaries or the equity interests of these subsidiaries in our subsidiaries are investment
securities. Moreover, because we believe that the subscriber shares in certain GLG Funds are
neither securities nor investment securities, we believe that less than 40% of our total assets
(exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis are comprised
of assets that could be considered investment securities. Accordingly, we do not believe that we
are an inadvertent investment company by virtue of the 40% test in Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the
Investment Company Act as described in the second bullet point above.
The Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder contain detailed parameters for the
organization and operation of investment companies. Among other things, the Investment Company Act
and the rules thereunder limit prohibited transactions with affiliates, impose limitations on the
issuance of debt and equity securities, generally prohibit the issuance of options and impose
certain governance requirements. We intend to conduct our operations so that we will not be deemed
to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act. If anything were to happen which
would cause us to be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act,
requirements imposed by the Investment Company Act, including limitations on our capital structure,
ability to transact business with affiliates (including our subsidiaries) and ability to compensate
key employees, could make it impractical for us to continue our business as currently conducted,
impair the agreements and arrangements between and among us, our subsidiaries and our senior
managing directors, or any combination thereof, and materially adversely affect our business,
financial
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condition and results of operations. In addition, we may be required to limit the amount of
investments that we make as a principal or otherwise conduct our business in a manner that does not
subject us to the registration and other requirements of the Investment Company Act.
Recently, legislation was proposed in the U.S. that would subject hedge funds and private
investment funds to increased SEC regulation and oversight by removing the exceptions from the
definition of investment company typically relied upon by hedge funds to avoid any of the
requirements of the Investment Company Act and instead replacing them with exemptions from certain
of the requirements of the Investment Company Act. As a result, these hedge funds and private
investment funds would be investment companies for purposes of the Investment Company Act. The
proposed legislation would require that hedge funds or private investment funds that are
investment companies with at least $50 million in assets or AUM must meet the following
additional conditions in order to maintain the exemption under the Investment Company Act:
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registration with the SEC; |
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maintaining books and records required by the SEC; |
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cooperation with SEC examination or information requests; |
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filing of annual public information statements which would include, among other
things: |
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the names and addresses of beneficial owners, any company with an
ownership interest in the fund and the funds primary accountant and primary
broker; |
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an explanation of the structure of ownership in the fund; |
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a statement of any minimum required investment; |
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the total number of limited partners, members or other investors; and |
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the current value of the funds assets and AUM; and |
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the establishment of certain anti-money laundering programs, policies and procedures
that are reasonably designed to identify non-U.S. investors and their beneficial
owners. |
Should this legislation be adopted, the GLG Funds may become subject to these additional
registration, reporting and other requirements. As a result, our compliance costs and burdens may
increase and the additional restrictions and requirements may constrain our ability to conduct our
business as currently conducted, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations or
financial condition.
We and the GLG Funds may become subject to additional regulations which could increase the costs
and burdens of compliance or impose additional restrictions which could have a material adverse
effect on our business and the performance of the GLG Funds.
We may need to modify our strategies, businesses or operations, face increased constraints or
incur additional costs in order to satisfy new regulatory requirements or to compete in a changed
business environment.
Our business is subject to regulation by various regulatory authorities that are charged with
protecting the interests of our customers. The activities of certain GLG entities are regulated
primarily by the Financial Services Authority (FSA) in the United Kingdom and are also subject to
regulation in the various other jurisdictions in which it operates, including the Irish Financial
Services Regulatory Authority, the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority and the Commission de
Surveillance du Secteur Financier in Luxembourg. The activities of GLG Inc. are regulated by the
SEC following its registration as a U.S. investment adviser in January 2008. In addition, the GLG
Funds are subject to regulation in the jurisdictions in which they are organized. These and other
regulators in these jurisdictions have broad regulatory powers dealing with all aspects of
financial services including, among other things, the authority to make
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inquiries of companies regarding compliance with applicable regulations, to grant and in
specific circumstances to vary or cancel permits and to regulate marketing and sales practices,
advertising and the maintenance of adequate financial resources. We are also subject to applicable
anti-money laundering regulations and net capital requirements in the jurisdictions in which we
operate.
In addition, the regulatory environment in which we operate frequently changes and has seen
significant increased regulation in recent years. We may be materially adversely affected as a
result of new or revised legislation or regulations or by changes in the interpretation or
enforcement of existing laws and regulations.
Our industry has been and may continue to be subject to increased regulation and public
scrutiny. Such additional regulation could, among other things, increase our compliance costs or
limit our ability to pursue investment opportunities. Recent rulemaking by the SEC, FSA and other
regulatory authorities outside the United States and the United Kingdom, have imposed trading
restrictions and reporting requirements on short selling, which have impacted certain of the
investment strategies of the GLG Funds and managed accounts, and continued restrictions on or
further regulations of short sales could negatively impact the performance of the GLG Funds and
managed accounts.
The regulatory environment continues to be turbulent as regulators globally respond to the
financial crisis. There is an extraordinary volume of regulatory discussion papers, draft
directives and proposals being issued globally and these initiatives are not always coordinated.
Further, while all of the major reports that analyzed the crisis in-depth, including the de
Larosiere report and the Turner Review, concluded that hedge funds neither caused nor played a
significant role in the crisis, we have to be aware that hedge funds are still under the spotlight
and seem to be the subject of political and media rhetoric in Europe.
Currently, work is being undertaken by the G20, IOSCO and the Financial Stability Board. The
European Commission has issued a draft Directive on Alternative Investment Fund Managers,
recommendations on directors pay and pay for the financial services sector and proposals on
packaged retail investment products. In addition, the FSA has issued a discussion paper entitled A
Regulatory Response to the Global Banking Crisis (which accompanied the Turner Review) as well as
undertaking an exercise to collect data to assess the systemic risk that hedge funds may or may not
pose. The Bank of England is also collecting data on the systemic risk of hedge funds.
Should we or the GLG Funds become subject to such additional regulations, our business could
be significantly curtailed and our performance may be adversely affected.
Risks Related to the GLG Funds
We currently derive our revenues from management fees and administration fees based on the
value of the assets under management in the GLG Funds and the accounts managed by us, and
performance fees based on the performance of the GLG Funds and the accounts managed by us. Our
stockholders are not investors in the GLG Funds and the accounts managed by us, but rather
stockholders of a U.S.-listed asset manager. Our revenues could be adversely affected by many
factors that could reduce assets under management or negatively impact the performance of the GLG
Funds and accounts managed by us.
Valuation methodologies for certain assets in the GLG Funds can be subject to significant
subjectivity.
In calculating the net asset values of the GLG Funds, administrators of the GLG Funds may rely
on methodologies for calculating the value of assets in which the GLG Funds invest that we or other
third parties supply. Such methodologies are advisory only but are not verified in advance by us or
any third party, and the nature of some of the funds investments is such that the methodologies
may be subject to significant subjectivity and little verification or other due diligence and may
not comply with generally accepted accounting practices or other valuation principles. Any
allegation or finding that such methodologies are or have become, in whole or in part, incorrect or
misleading could have an adverse effect on the valuation of the relevant GLG Funds and,
accordingly, on the management fees and any performance fees receivable by us in respect of such
funds.
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Some of the GLG Funds and managed accounts are subject to emerging markets risks.
Some of the GLG Funds and managed accounts invest in sovereign debt issues by emerging market
countries as well as in debt and equity investments of companies and other entities in emerging
markets. Many emerging markets are developing both economically and politically and may have
relatively unstable governments and economies based on only a few commodities or industries. Many
emerging market countries do not have firmly established product markets, and companies may lack
depth of management or may be vulnerable to political or economic developments such as
nationalization of key industries. Investments in companies and other entities in emerging markets
and investments in emerging market sovereign debt may involve a high degree of risk and may be
speculative. Risks include (1) greater risk of expropriation, confiscatory taxation,
nationalization, social and political instability (including the risk of changes of government
following elections or otherwise) and economic instability; (2) the relatively small current size
of some of the markets for securities and other investments in emerging markets issuers and the
current relatively low volume of trading, resulting in lack of liquidity and in price volatility;
(3) certain national policies which may restrict a GLG Funds or a managed accounts investment
opportunities including restrictions on investing in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to
relevant national interests; (4) the absence of developed legal structures governing private or
foreign investment and private property; (5) the potential for higher rates of inflation or
hyper-inflation; (6) currency risk and the imposition, extension or continuation of foreign
exchange controls; (7) interest rate risk; (8) credit risk; (9) lower levels of democratic
accountability; (10) differences in accounting standards and auditing practices which may result in
unreliable financial information; and (11) different corporate governance frameworks. The emerging
markets risks described above increase counterparty risks for the GLG Funds and managed accounts
investing in those markets. In addition, investor risk aversion to emerging markets can have a
significant adverse affect on the value and/or liquidity of investments made in or exposed to such
markets and can accentuate any downward movement in the actual or anticipated value of such
investments which is caused by any of the factors described above.
Emerging markets are characterized by a number of market imperfections, analysis of which
requires experience in the market and a range of complementary specialist skills. These
inefficiencies include (1) the effect of politics on sovereign risk and asset price dynamics; and
(2) institutional imperfections in emerging markets, such as deficiencies in formal bureaucracies,
historical or cultural norms of behavior and access to information driving markets. While we seek
to take advantage of these market imperfections to achieve investment performance for the GLG Funds
and managed accounts, we cannot guarantee that will be able do so in the future. A failure to do so
could have a material adverse effect on our business, growth prospects, net inflows of AUM,
revenues, results of operations and/or financial condition.
Many of the GLG Funds invest in foreign countries and securities of issuers located outside of the
United States and the United Kingdom, which may involve foreign exchange, political, social and
economic uncertainties and risks.
Many of the GLG Funds invest a portion of their assets in the equity, debt, loans or other
securities of issuers located outside the United States and the United Kingdom. In addition to
business uncertainties, such investments may be affected by changes in exchange values as well as
political, social and economic uncertainty affecting a country or region. Many financial markets
are not as developed or as efficient as those in the United States and the United Kingdom, and as a
result, liquidity may be reduced and price volatility may be higher. The legal and regulatory
environment may also be different, particularly with respect to bankruptcy and reorganization.
Financial accounting standards and practices may differ, and there may be less publicly available
information in respect of such companies.
Restrictions imposed or actions taken by foreign governments may adversely impact the value of
our fund investments. Such restrictions or actions could include exchange controls, seizure or
nationalization of foreign deposits and adoption of other governmental restrictions which adversely
affect the prices of securities or the ability to repatriate profits on investments or the capital
invested itself. Income received by the GLG Funds from sources in some countries may be reduced by
withholding and other taxes. Any such taxes paid by a GLG Fund will reduce the net income or return
from such investments. While the GLG Funds will take these factors into consideration in making
investment decisions, including when hedging positions, no assurance can be given that the GLG
Funds will be able to fully avoid these risks or generate sufficient risk-adjusted returns.
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There are risks associated with the GLG Funds investments in high yield and distressed debt.
The GLG Funds may invest in obligors and issuers in weak financial condition, experiencing
poor operating results, having substantial financial needs or negative net worth, facing special
competitive problems, or in obligors and issuers that are involved in bankruptcy or reorganization
proceedings. Among the problems involved in investments in troubled obligors and issuers is the
fact that it may frequently be difficult to obtain full information as to the conditions of such
obligors and issuers. The market prices of such investments are also subject to abrupt and erratic
market movements and significant price volatility, and the spread between the bid and offer prices
of such investments may be greater than normally expected. It may take a number of years for the
market price of such investments to reflect their intrinsic value. Some of the investments held by
the GLG Funds may not be widely traded, and depending on the investment profile of a particular GLG
Fund, that funds exposure to such investments may be substantial in relation to the market for
those investments. In addition, there is no recognized market for some of the investments held in
GLG Funds, with the result that such investments are likely to be illiquid. As a result of these
factors, the investment objectives of the relevant funds may be more difficult to achieve.
Fluctuations in interest rates may significantly affect the returns derived from the GLG Funds
investments.
Fluctuations in interest rates may significantly affect the return derived from investments
within the GLG Funds, as well as the market values of, and the corresponding levels of gains or
losses on, such investments. Such fluctuations could materially adversely affect investor sentiment
towards fixed income and convertible debt instruments generally and the GLG Funds in particular and
consequently could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or
financial condition.
The GLG Funds are subject to risks due to potential illiquidity of assets.
The GLG Funds may make investments or hold trading positions in markets that are volatile and
which may become illiquid. Timely divestiture or sale of trading positions can be impaired by
decreased trading volume, increased price volatility, concentrated trading positions, limitations
on the ability to transfer positions in highly specialized or structured transactions to which it
may be a party, and changes in industry and government regulations. It may be impossible or costly
for the GLG Funds to liquidate positions rapidly in order to meet margin calls, redemption requests
or otherwise, particularly if there are other market participants seeking to dispose of similar
assets at the same time or the relevant market is otherwise moving against a position or in the
event of trading halts or daily price movement limits on the market or otherwise. Moreover, these
risks may be exacerbated for the GLG Funds that are funds of hedge funds. For example, if one of
these funds of hedge funds were to invest a significant portion of its assets in two or more hedge
funds that each had illiquid positions in the same issuer, the illiquidity risk for these funds of
hedge funds would be compounded.
There are risks associated with the GLG Funds use of leverage.
The GLG Funds have, and may in the future, use leverage by borrowing on the account of funds
on a secured and/or unsecured basis and pursuant to repurchase arrangements and/or deferred
purchase agreements.
Leverage can also be employed in a variety of other ways including margining (that is, an
amount of cash or securities an investor deposits with a broker when borrowing to buy investments)
and the use of futures, warrants, options and other derivative products. Generally, leverage is
used with the intention of increasing the overall level of investment in a fund. Higher investment
levels may offer the potential for higher returns. This exposes investors to increased risk as
leverage can increase the funds market exposure and volatility. For instance, a purchase or sale
of a leveraged investment may result in losses in excess of the amount initially deposited as
margin for the investment. This increased market exposure and volatility could have a material
adverse effect on the return of the funds.
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In the current tight credit environment, the GLG Funds and accounts we manage may not be able to
obtain credit for leveraging or hedging purposes at the same level or cost as they have in the
past, which could have a material adverse effect on the performance of the GLG Funds and managed
accounts.
Following the failure of Lehman Brothers and the acquisitions of Bear Stearns and Merrill
Lynch, there has been a significant consolidation in the financial services industry and there are
fewer prime brokers available to service hedge funds and other investment funds. The remaining
prime brokers are reducing significantly the amount of credit available to such funds, including
the GLG Funds and managed accounts, for leveraging or hedging purposes or imposing stricter margin
and other terms on such borrowings. As a result, the GLG Funds and managed accounts may not be able
to employ leveraging or hedging strategies to the same degree as in the past to increase the
overall level of investments in the funds to generate higher returns or to use futures, warrants,
options and other derivative products to hedge those investments. In addition, the increased
financing costs of employing such leveraging or hedging strategies may partially or entirely offset
any potential performance gains to be derived from the leveraging or hedging strategy employed by
the GLG Funds and managed accounts. These limitations and costs could have a material adverse
effect on the returns generated by the GLG Funds and managed accounts.
In addition, the special assets vehicles into which certain private placement and other not
readily realizable investments in the portfolios of several of the GLG Funds were contributed may
not be able to obtain credit to implement hedging strategies with regard to these investments to
the same extent as when these investments formed part of the portfolios of the main GLG Funds. The
inability to hedge these investments could negatively impact the investment returns obtained by the
special assets vehicles. Previously, when these investments were included in the broader portfolio
of a particular GLG Fund, the GLG Fund was able to borrow against those investments in order to
implement its leveraging and hedging strategies.
There are risks associated with the GLG Funds investments in derivatives.
The GLG Funds may make investments in derivatives. These investments are subject to a variety
of risks. Examples of such risks may include, but are not limited to:
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limitation of risk assessment methodologies. Decisions to enter into these
derivatives and other securities contracts will be based on estimates of returns and
probabilities of loss derived from our own calculations and analysis. There can be no
assurance that the estimates or the methodologies, or the assumptions which underlie
such estimates and methodologies, will turn out to be valid or appropriate; |
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risks underlying the derivative and securities contracts. A general rise in the
frequency, occurrence or severity of certain non-financial risks such as accidents
and/or natural catastrophes will lead to a general decrease in the returns and the
possibility of returns from these derivatives and securities contracts, which will not
be reflected in the methodology or assumption underlying the analysis of any specific
derivative or securities contract; and |
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particular risks. The particular instruments in which we will invest on behalf of
the GLG Funds may produce an unusually and unexpectedly high amount of losses, which
will not be reflected in the methodology or assumptions underlying the analysis of any
specific derivative or securities contract. |
The GLG Funds and accounts we manage are subject to risks in using prime brokers, custodians,
administrators and other agents.
All of the GLG Funds and managed accounts depend on the services of prime brokers, custodians,
administrators and other agents and third parties in connection with certain securities
transactions. As a result of ongoing consolidation in the financial services industry, our access
to certain financial intermediaries, such as prime brokers or trading counterparties, may be
reduced or eliminated. This may reduce our ability to diversify the exposures of the GLG Funds and
managed accounts to these intermediaries which may increase operational risks or transaction costs,
which may result in lower investment performance by the GLG Funds and managed accounts. In
addition, the smaller number of service providers may result in tighter terms for transactions with
the GLG Funds and managed accounts and the loss of specialized expertise with certain products used
by the GLG Funds and managed accounts.
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Following the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the GLG Funds and several GLG clients with managed
accounts have claims as creditors and/or as trust asset claimants against Lehman Brothers
International (Europe) (LBIE) and, in some cases, other Lehman Brothers entities. These claims
will likely take an extended period of time to resolve and, in some cases, may remain unsatisfied.
There are also a number of open factual and legal issues surrounding such claims.
On September 15, 2008, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (the ultimate parent company of the UK
Lehman Brothers firms) filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in the United States and LBIE, the principal
European broker-dealer for the Lehman Brothers group, was placed into administration by order of
the English court. Lehman Brothers prime brokerage unit in the United Kingdom was one of the
business groups forming part of LBIE. Other Lehman Brothers entities have also filed for or
commenced insolvency-related proceedings, including Lehman Brothers Inc. (LBI), Lehman Brothers
U.S. broker-dealer.
Nearly all of the GLG Funds and several of the GLG institutional managed accounts at that time
utilized LBIE as a prime broker. All of the GLG Funds and managed accounts at that time had LBIE,
and a small number of GLG Funds and managed accounts had LBI, as a trading counterparty. In
addition, all of GLGs private client managed accounts at that time used LBIE, and a small number
of GLGs private clients additionally used LBI, as a custodian and broker for their accounts.
As a consequence of LBIE being in administration, the GLG Funds and, to the best of our
knowledge, the managed accounts which used LBIE as a prime broker, have been unable to access their
assets, including all securities and cash, deposited with LBIE. The appointment of the joint
administrators in respect of LBIE triggered defaults under certain agreements between each GLG Fund
and LBIE, including certain trading agreements, resulting in either (i) automatic termination of
these agreements or (ii) the entitlement of the relevant GLG Fund to terminate the relevant
agreement. The GLG Funds have in general elected to terminate their agreements with LBIE to
quantify amounts owing to and from LBIE under trading agreements, reduce market risks, reduce
exposure to a net amount, limit LBIEs rights and/or crystallize rights and obligations between the
parties with a view to allowing LBIE to release assets, among other factors. In addition, in
certain limited cases, GLG Funds have established side pockets or otherwise restructured to
compartmentalize the potential impact of the LBIE administration on their investors.
The net direct exposure of each GLG Fund to LBIE and the other entities in the Lehman Brothers
group is reflected in the net asset value of each fund and carried at fair value. The fair value of
the exposure is determined on the basis of the best information available to us from time to time,
legal and professional advice obtained for the purpose of determining the rights and obligations of
each GLG Fund, and on the basis of a number of assumptions which we believe to be reasonable,
including that:
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amounts which LBIE was required to treat as client money under the rules of the U.K.
Financial Services Authority and not use in the course of its business were and are, in
fact, so held, and that any shortfall in recoveries of client monies will not exceed
reserves established to date by the GLG Funds; |
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even though LBIE or its affiliates may be entitled to withhold assets to satisfy any
net indebtedness owed to them, there will be no material shortfall in the recovery of
assets held on trust by LBIE as a custodian, or by LBI as a sub-custodian for LBIE, or
by any other sub-custodian appointed by LBIE with regard to the assets of a GLG Fund,
and, to the extent there is a shortfall, GLG Funds will be able to effect setoff
against and to the extent of any amount owing by a GLG Fund to LBIE; |
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the information we have received to date from the administrators of LBIE in relation
to the re-hypothecation of GLG Fund assets by LBIE is true and accurate; |
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unsettled transactions between GLG Funds and LBIE at the time LBIE entered into
administration proceedings will be determined on the basis of a cash settlement of
those trades, in accordance with contractual agreements between the affected GLG Fund
and LBIE, or cancelled, in each case, as determined by us; |
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the cash settlement amounts for terminated over-the-counter derivatives and other
transactions will be as determined by us in accordance with contractual documentation; |
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the recovery on amounts estimated to be unsecured claims against LBIE will not be
materially greater or lesser than currently estimated by the GLG Funds; and |
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there are no other facts or factors, which if known to us,
would lead us to conclude that the business of LBIE was conducted
otherwise than in accordance with the contractual documentation or
that any of our assumptions is incorrect. |
The fair value of the exposure is reviewed regularly, including the assumptions, with the
relevant GLG Funds directors, independent fund administrator and independent auditors, and updated
as necessary.
In July 2009, the administrators of LBIE announced a plan for the return of assets held on trust by
LBIE. The plan envisioned asking the courts in the U.K. to sanction a scheme of arrangement
under the U.K. Companies Act that, if approved by the requisite majorities of trust creditors and
sanctioned by the courts, would be binding on all trust creditors, even those who voted against
it. The U.K. courts have determined that they would not have jurisdiction to sanction such a
scheme of arrangement. Accordingly, the administrators of LBIE have proposed as an alternative to
the scheme of arrangement, a voluntary contractual scheme which would be binding only on these who
choose to participate in it. We expect the voluntary scheme to be formally proposed before the end
of 2009. If approved by the requisite majorities of trust creditors, the voluntary scheme would
crystallize claims and permit the administrators to begin to return assets during the first half of
2010.
It is not possible to say with certainty if
or when the voluntary scheme will be approved, whether the above assumptions will be validated, or whether
the size of the GLG Funds apparent entitlement should be adjusted upwards or downwards and the
extent to which the GLG Funds claims will be accepted or disputed. It is possible that, in respect
of some or all of the long positions owned by GLG Funds, the GLG Funds will not receive the return
of these assets from Lehman Brothers and may instead be exposed as a general creditor of one or
more of the insolvent Lehman Brothers entities. Accordingly, until we are able to fully reconcile
our information and assumptions with the administrators of LBIE and/or resolve any outstanding
commercial and legal disagreement or uncertainties with LBIE, or until the voluntary scheme is approved, the
GLG Funds claims made final and accepted, and distributions under the voluntary scheme completed, these
estimates could change or the assumptions may prove to be incorrect, and the estimated exposure of
the GLG Funds could be materially greater or lesser.
We are unable to estimate the exposure our institutional managed accounts have to LBIE as a
prime broker because the clients in these cases maintain the relationships with their third party
service providers, such as prime brokers, custodians and administrators, nor do we have access to
the terms of their agreements with LBIE or know the extent of exposure these clients may have to
LBIE outside of their managed account with us.
As a consequence of the administration of LBIE and the liquidation proceedings under the
Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970, as amended, of LBI, our private clients have been
unable to access their assets, including all securities and cash, in their respective accounts with
LBIE or LBI managed by us. To the extent our private clients assets constitute securities held in
custody by LBIE or LBI, we believe the clients should recover these securities to the extent these
securities do not collateralize amounts owing by our clients to LBIE or LBI. To the extent our
private clients assets constitute cash held by LBIE as client money, we believe the clients should
recover in the same proportion as all LBIE clients recover client money, with any shortfall
possibly (but we cannot say with certainty) resulting in an unsecured claim against the LBIE
estate. To the extent private clients are owed amounts under trading contracts with LBIE or LBI, we
believe such amounts will constitute unsecured claims against LBIE or LBI, as the case may be.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the position of any individual private client will depend on the
facts and circumstances surrounding such private clients claims, as well as their particular legal
rights and obligations pursuant to their agreements with LBIE or LBI.
The GLG Funds and managed accounts have, in the aggregate, recognized losses as a result of
the foregoing and, the GLG Funds and managed accounts may incur additional losses if our estimates
change and/or the assumptions we have made or outside opinions we have obtained prove incorrect.
In any event, the GLG Funds and managed accounts will suffer substantial delay before there is a
final resolution as to exposure and the ultimate recovery. If our clients, including the GLG Funds
and managed accounts, do not fully recover their assets, suffer losses or substantial
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delays, they might redeem their investments, lose confidence in us and or make claims against
us, our affiliates and/or the GLG Funds.
The GLG Funds and accounts we manage are subject to counterparty risk with regard to
over-the-counter instruments and other swap or hedging transactions. The actual or perceived
weakness of counterparties could increase the exposure of the GLG Funds and managed accounts to
these counterparty and credit risks.
In light of the recent instability of the financial markets, the GLG Funds and managed
accounts also face the increased risk of potential bankruptcies or significant credit deterioration
of major financial institutions, including prime brokers, custodians and other agents, some of
which have substantial relationships with the GLG Funds and managed accounts, increasing exposure
to the related counterparty risks. Furthermore, the combinations of financial service firms
announced in the third and fourth quarters of 2008 have increased the concentration of counterparty
risk for the GLG Funds and managed accounts. The credit quality of these exposures may be affected
by many factors, such as economic and business conditions or deterioration in the financial
condition of an individual counterparty, group of counterparties or asset classes. Difficulties of
this nature affecting counterparties have the potential to result in significant exposures, whether
counterparty, credit or otherwise, for the GLG Funds and managed accounts and negatively impact our
business and results of operations.
In the event of the insolvency of any counterparty or any prime broker or custodian, the GLG
Funds and managed accounts may only rank as unsecured creditors in respect of sums due to them or
may be exposed to the under-segregation of assets, fraud or other factors which may result in the
recovery of less than all of the property of the GLG Funds or managed accounts than was held in
custody or safekeeping. Any losses will be borne by the GLG Funds and managed accounts and there
could be a substantial delay in recovering these assets. In addition, cash held by the GLG Funds
and managed accounts with a prime broker or custodian may not be segregated from the prime brokers
or custodians own cash, and the GLG Funds and managed accounts may therefore rank as unsecured
creditors in relation thereto. Defaults by, or even rumors or questions about, the solvency of
counterparties with which we execute transactions on behalf of the GLG Funds and managed accounts
may increase operational risks or transaction costs, which may result in lower investment
performance by the GLG Funds and managed accounts.
The GLG Funds and managed accounts may also enter into currency, interest rate, total return
or other swaps which may be surrogates for other instruments such as currency forwards and interest
rate options. The value of such instruments, which generally depends upon price movements in the
underlying assets as well as counterparty risk, will influence the performance of the GLG Funds and
managed accounts and, therefore, a decrease in the value of such instruments could have a material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. In particular,
certain GLG Funds frequently trade in debt securities and other obligations, either directly or on
an assignment basis. Consequently, those GLG Funds will be subject to risk of default by the debtor
or obligor in relation to their debt securities and other obligations, which could result in lower
investment performance by those GLG Funds and have a material adverse effect on our business,
results of operations or financial condition.
The GLG Funds and managed accounts are subject to systemic risk due to the interconnectedness and
recent consolidation of financial institutions as the failure of any one institution may expose the
GLG Funds and managed accounts to risk of loss.
The financial markets generally are characterized by extensive interconnections among
financial institutions. These interconnections present significant risks to the GLG Funds and
managed accounts as the failure or perceived weakness of any counterparties has the potential to
expose the GLG Funds and managed accounts to risk of loss. Financial institutions, including banks,
broker-dealers and insurance companies, have historically been the most significant counterparties
of the GLG Funds and managed accounts. Credit risk may arise through a default by one of several
large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their liquidity or operational needs,
so that a default by one institution causes a series of defaults by the other institutions. This
systemic risk may adversely affect the financial intermediaries (such as clearing agencies,
clearing houses, banks, securities firms and exchanges) with which the GLG Funds and managed
accounts interact on a daily basis.
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Concerns of counterparties about the financial strength of the GLG Funds and managed accounts may
impact their willingness to enter into transactions with the GLG Funds and managed accounts.
If the GLG Funds and managed accounts experience diminished financial strength or stability,
actual or perceived, including due to market or regulatory developments, business developments or
results of operations, counterparties may become less willing to enter into transactions with the
GLG Funds and managed accounts or our ability to enter into financial transactions on behalf of the
GLG Funds and managed accounts on terms acceptable to us may be materially compromised.
GLG Fund investments are subject to numerous additional risks.
GLG Fund investments, including investments by its external fund of hedge funds products in
other hedge funds, are subject to numerous additional risks, including the following:
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certain of the GLG Funds are newly established funds without any operating history
or are managed by management companies or general partners who do not have a
significant track record as an independent manager; |
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generally, there are few limitations on the execution of the GLG Funds investment
strategies, which are subject to the sole discretion of the management company of such
funds; |
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the GLG Funds may engage in short-selling, which is subject to the theoretically
unlimited risk of loss because there is no limit on how much the price of a security
may appreciate before the short position is closed out. A GLG Fund may be subject to
losses if a security lender demands return of the lent securities and an alternative
lending source cannot be found or if the GLG Fund is otherwise unable to borrow
securities that are necessary to hedge its positions; |
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credit risk may arise through a default by one of several large institutions that
are dependent on one another to meet their liquidity or operational needs, so that a
default by one institution causes a series of defaults by the other institutions. This
systemic risk may adversely affect the financial intermediaries (such as clearing
agencies, clearing houses, banks, securities firms and exchanges) with which the GLG
Funds interact on a daily basis; |
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the efficacy of investment and trading strategies depends largely on the ability to
establish and maintain an overall market position in a combination of financial
instruments. Trading orders may not be executed in a timely and efficient manner due to
various circumstances, including systems failures or human error. In such event, the
GLG Funds might only be able to acquire some but not all of the components of the
position, or if the overall position were to need adjustment, the GLG Funds might not
be able to make such adjustment. As a result, the GLG Funds would not be able to
achieve the market position selected by the management company or general partner of
such funds, and might incur a loss in liquidating their position; and |
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the investments held by the GLG Funds are subject to risks relating to investments
in commodities, equities, bonds, futures, options and other derivatives, the prices of
which are highly volatile and may be subject to the theoretically unlimited risk of
loss in certain circumstances, including if the fund writes a call option. Price
movements of commodities, futures and options contracts and payments pursuant to swap
agreements are influenced by, among other things, interest rates, credit market
conditions, changing supply and demand relationships, trade, fiscal, monetary and
exchange control programs and policies of governments and national and international
political and economic events and policies. The value of futures, options and swap
agreements also depends upon the price of the commodities underlying them. In addition,
the assets of the GLG Funds are subject to the risk of the failure of any of the
exchanges on which their positions trade or of their clearinghouses or counterparties.
Most U.S. commodities exchanges limit fluctuations in certain commodity interest prices
during a single day by imposing daily price fluctuation limits or daily limits, the
existence of which may reduce liquidity or effectively curtail trading in particular
markets. |
74
The due diligence process that we undertake in connection with investments by the GLG Funds may not
reveal all facts that may be relevant in connection with an investment.
Before making investments, we conduct due diligence that we deem reasonable and appropriate
based on the facts and circumstances applicable to each investment. When conducting due diligence,
we may be required to evaluate important and complex business, financial, tax, accounting,
environmental and legal issues. Outside consultants, legal advisors, accountants and investment
banks may be involved in the due diligence process in varying degrees depending on the type of
investment. Nevertheless, when conducting due diligence and making an assessment regarding an
investment, we rely on the resources available to us, including information provided by the target
of the investment and, in some circumstances, third-party investigations. The due diligence
investigation that we carry out with respect to any investment opportunity may not reveal or
highlight certain facts that could adversely affect the value of the investment.
The GLG Funds make investments in companies that the GLG Funds do not control.
Investments by most of the GLG Funds include debt instruments and equity securities of
companies that the GLG Funds do not control. Such instruments and securities may be acquired by the
GLG Funds through trading activities or through purchases of securities from the issuer. These
investments are subject to the risk that the company in which the investment is made may make
business, financial or management decisions with which we do not agree or that the majority
stakeholders or the management of the company may take risks or otherwise act in a manner that does
not serve our interests. If any of the foregoing were to occur, the values of investments by the
GLG Funds could decrease and our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow could
suffer as a result.
Risk management activities may adversely affect the return on the GLG Funds investments.
When managing their exposure to market risks, the GLG Funds may from time to time use forward
contracts, options, swaps, credit default swaps, caps, collars and floors or pursue other
strategies or use other forms of derivative instruments to limit our exposure to changes in the
relative values of investments that may result from market developments, including changes in
prevailing interest rates, currency exchange rates and commodity prices. The success of any hedging
or other derivative transactions generally will depend on the ability to correctly predict market
changes, the degree of correlation between price movements of a derivative instrument, the position
being hedged, the creditworthiness of the counterparty and other factors. As a result, while the
GLG Funds may enter into a transaction in order to reduce their exposure to market risks, the
transaction may result in poorer overall investment performance than if it had not been executed.
Such transactions may also limit the opportunity for gain if the value of a hedged position
increases.
The GLG Funds may be subject to U.K. tax if we do not qualify for the U.K. Investment Manager
Exemption.
Certain of the GLG Funds may, under U.K. tax legislation, be regarded as carrying on a trade
in the United Kingdom through their investment manager, GLG Partners LP. It is our intention to
organize our affairs such that neither the investment manager nor the group companies that are
partners in the investment manager constitute a U.K. branch or permanent establishment of the GLG
Funds by reason of exemptions provided by Section 127 of the Finance Act 1995 and Schedule 26 of
the Finance Act 2003. These exemptions, which apply in respect of income tax and corporation tax
respectively, are substantially similar and are each often referred to as the Investment Manager
Exemption (IME).
We cannot assure you that the conditions of the IME will be met at all times in respect of
every fund. Failure to qualify for the IME in respect of a fund could subject the fund to U.K. tax
liability, which, if not paid, would become the liability of GLG Partners LP, as investment
manager. This U.K. tax liability could be substantial.
In organizing our affairs such that we are able to meet the IME conditions, we will take
account of a statement of practice published by the U.K. tax authorities that sets out their
interpretation of the law. A revised version of this statement was published on July 20, 2007. The
revised statement applies with immediate effect, but under grandfathering provisions we may follow
the original statement in respect of the GLG Funds until December 31, 2009 and, therefore, the
revised statement has no impact until 2010. Furthermore, we believe that the changes in practice
that have been introduced will not have a material impact on our ability to meet the IME conditions
in respect of the GLG Funds.
75
Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure
Since our principal operations are located in the United Kingdom, we may encounter risks specific
to companies located outside the United States.
Since our principal operations are located in the United Kingdom, we are exposed to additional
risks that could negatively impact our future results of operations, including but not limited to:
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tariffs and trade barriers; |
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regulations related to customs and import/export matters; |
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tax issues, such as tax law changes and variations in tax laws as compared to the
United States; |
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cultural differences; and |
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foreign exchange controls. |
We are a controlled company within the meaning of the NYSE Listed Company Manual as of September
30, 2009 and, as a result, rely on exemptions from certain corporate governance
standards, which may limit the presence of independent directors on our board of directors or board
committees.
Our Principals, the trustees of their respective trusts (the Trustees) and certain of the
equity holders of the entities acquired in the Acquisition (the GLG Shareowners) who have entered
into a voting agreement beneficially own shares of our common stock and Series A voting preferred
stock which collectively represent approximately 50.2% of our voting power as of September 30,
2009. Accordingly, they have the ability to elect our board of directors and thereby control our
management and affairs. Therefore, we are a controlled company for purposes of Section 303A of
the NYSE Listed Company Manual as of September 30, 2009.
Under the NYSE rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an
individual, a group or another company is a controlled company and is exempt from certain
corporate governance requirements, including requirements that (1) a majority of the board of
directors consist of independent directors, (2) compensation of officers be determined or
recommended to the board of directors by a majority of its independent directors or by a
compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors and (3) director nominees
be selected or recommended for selection by a majority of the independent directors or by a
nominating committee composed solely of independent directors. We currently utilize some of these
exemptions. For example, we do not have a nominating committee. Accordingly, the procedures for
approving significant corporate decisions can be determined by directors who have a direct or
indirect interest in the matters and you do not have the same protections afforded to stockholders
of other companies that are required to comply with the rules of the NYSE. In the event that the
parties to the voting agreement cease to hold more than 50% of our voting power, we will cease
being a controlled company and will no longer be exempt from the NYSE corporate governance
requirements. Pursuant to Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual, we will need to phase in
to full compliance with the NYSE corporate governance requirements, including having a fully
independent nominating committee, within one year from the date our controlled company status
changes.
Because of their ownership of approximately 50.2% of our voting power as of September 30,
2009, our Principals, their Trustees and certain other GLG Shareowners may also be able to
determine the outcome of all matters requiring stockholder approval (other than those requiring a
super-majority vote) and may be able to cause or prevent a change of control of our company or a
change in the composition of our board of directors, and could preclude any unsolicited acquisition
of our company. In addition, because they collectively may determine the outcome of a stockholder
vote, they could deprive stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as
part of a sale of our company, and that voting control could ultimately affect the market price of
our common stock.
76
Certain provisions in our organizational documents and Delaware law make it difficult for someone
to acquire control of us.
Provisions in our organizational documents make it more difficult and expensive for a third
party to acquire control of us even if a change of control would be beneficial to the interests of
our stockholders. For example, our organizational documents require advance notice for proposals by
stockholders and nominations, place limitations on convening stockholder meetings and authorize the
issuance of preferred shares that could be issued by our board of directors to thwart a takeover
attempt. In addition, our organizational documents require the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3%
of the combined voting power of all outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote
generally, voting together as a single class, to adopt, alter, amend or repeal our by-laws; remove
a director (other than directors elected by a series of our preferred stock, if any, entitled to
elect a class of directors) from office, with or without cause; and amend, alter or repeal certain
provisions of our certificate of incorporation which require a stockholder vote higher than a
majority vote, including the amendment provision itself, or to adopt any provision inconsistent
with those provisions.
Because of their ownership of approximately 50.2% of the our voting power as of September 30,
2009, the Principals, their Trustees and certain other GLG Shareowners may be able to determine the
outcome of all matters requiring stockholder approval (other than those requiring a super-majority
vote) and are able to cause or prevent a change of control of our company or a change in the
composition of our board of directors, and could preclude any unsolicited acquisition of our
company. Certain provisions of Delaware law may also delay or prevent a transaction that could
cause a change in our control. The market price of our shares could be adversely affected to the
extent that the Principals control over us, as well as provisions of our organizational documents,
discourage potential takeover attempts that our stockholders may favor.
An active market for our common stock may not develop.
Our common stock is currently listed on the NYSE and trades under the symbol GLG. However,
we cannot assure you a regular trading market of our shares will develop on the NYSE or elsewhere
or, if developed, that any market will be sustained. Accordingly, we cannot assure you of the
likelihood that an active trading market for our shares will develop or be maintained, the
liquidity of any trading market, your ability to sell your shares when desired, or at all, or the
prices that you may obtain for your shares.
The value of our common stock and warrants may be adversely affected by market volatility.
Since the Acquisition, the market prices of our shares of common stock and warrants have
experienced significant volatility and depreciation and they may continue to be subject to wide
fluctuations or further declines. In addition, the trading volume in our shares and warrants may
fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market prices of our shares and
warrants decline significantly, you may be unable to resell your shares and warrants at or above
your purchase price, if at all. We cannot assure you that the market price of our shares and
warrants will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could
negatively affect the price of our shares and warrants or result in fluctuations in the price or
trading volume of our shares and warrants include:
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variations in our quarterly operating results or dividends; |
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failure to meet analysts earnings estimates or failure to meet, or the lowering of,
our own earnings guidance; |
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publication of research reports about us or the investment management industry or
the failure of securities analysts to cover our shares; |
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additions or departures of the Principals and other key personnel; |
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adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we may incur or securities we may issue
in the future; |
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actions by stockholders; |
77
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changes in market valuations of similar companies; |
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speculation in the press or investment community; |
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changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing interpretations
thereof affecting our business or enforcement of these laws and regulations, or
announcements relating to these matters; |
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adverse publicity about the asset management industry generally or individual
scandals, specifically; and |
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general market and economic conditions, including the substantial volatility
experienced in the financial markets in September 2008 and following months. |
If prevailing market and business conditions or similar ones continue to exist or worsen, we
could experience continuing or adverse effects on our business, results of operations or financial
condition, which could significantly depress the trading price of our common stock.
We have announced that we do not intend to pay, and may not be able to pay in the future, dividends
on our common stock.
As a holding company, our ability to pay dividends is subject to the ability of our
subsidiaries to provide cash to us. We intend to distribute dividends to our stockholders and/or
repurchase our common stock at such time and in such amounts to be determined by our board of
directors. Accordingly, we expect to cause our subsidiaries to make distributions to their
stockholders or partners, as applicable, in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay such dividends
to our stockholders or make such repurchases, as applicable; however, no assurance can be given
that such distributions or stock repurchases will or can be made. Our board can reduce or eliminate
our dividend, or decide not to repurchase our common stock, at any time, in its discretion. For
example, in December 2008, in light of the existing economic environment, our board determined not
to continue paying a regular dividend on its common stock in order to retain capital. The board
will consider re-establishing the regular quarterly dividend as well as the payment of a special
dividend as and when it determines appropriate in the future. Under our amended credit agreement,
we are prohibited from paying dividends to our stockholders until May 15, 2010 and thereafter, may
only pay dividends if the outstanding principal amount of the revolving and term loans under our
credit facility falls below $200 million. Our subsidiaries will be required to make minimum tax
distributions and intend to make limited partner profit share distributions to our key personnel
pursuant to our limited partner profit share arrangement prior to distributing dividends to our
stockholders or repurchasing our common stock. If our subsidiaries have insufficient funds to make
these distributions, we may have to borrow funds or sell assets, which could materially adversely
affect our liquidity and financial condition. In addition, our subsidiaries earnings may be
insufficient to enable them to make required minimum tax distributions or intended limited partner
profit share distributions to their stockholders, partners or members, as applicable, because,
among other things, our subsidiaries may not have sufficient capital surplus to pay dividends or
make distributions under the laws of the relevant jurisdiction of incorporation or organization or
may not satisfy regulatory requirements of capital adequacy, including the regulatory capital
requirements of the FSA in the United Kingdom or the Financial Groups Directive of the European
Community. We will also be restricted from paying dividends or making stock repurchases under our
credit facility in the event of a default or if we are required to make mandatory prepayment of
principal thereunder.
To complete the Acquisition, we incurred a large amount of debt, which will limit our ability to
fund general corporate requirements and obtain additional financing, limit our flexibility in
responding to business opportunities and competitive developments and increase our vulnerability to
adverse economic and industry conditions.
We incurred $570.0 million of indebtedness to finance the Acquisition. Following the
restructuring of our credit facility and convertible note offering in May 2009, $536.3 million of
indebtedness remained outstanding as of September 30, 2009. As a result of the substantial fixed
costs associated with these debt obligations, we expect that:
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a decrease in revenues will result in a disproportionately greater percentage
decrease in earnings; |
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we may not have sufficient liquidity to fund all of these fixed costs if our
revenues decline or costs increase; |
78
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we may have to use our working capital to fund these fixed costs instead of funding
general corporate requirements, including capital expenditures; and |
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we may not have sufficient liquidity to respond to business opportunities,
competitive developments and adverse economic conditions. |
These debt obligations may also impair our ability to obtain additional financing, if needed,
and our flexibility in the conduct of our business. Moreover, the terms of our indebtedness
restrict our ability to take certain actions, including the incurrence of additional indebtedness,
mergers and acquisitions, investments at the parent company level and asset sales. Our ability to
pay the fixed costs associated with our debt obligations depends on our operating performance and
cash flow, which will in turn depend on general economic conditions. A failure to pay interest or
indebtedness when due could result in a variety of adverse consequences, including the acceleration
of our indebtedness. In such a situation, it is unlikely that we would be able to fulfill our
obligations under or repay the accelerated indebtedness or otherwise cover our fixed costs.
As a result of the Acquisition, we incur significant non-cash amortization charges related to
equity-based compensation expense associated with the vesting of certain equity-based awards, which
reduces our net income and may result in further net losses.
Compensation and benefits post-acquisition reflect the amortization of a significant non-cash
equity-based compensation expense associated with the vesting of equity-based awards over the next
four years. The compensation and benefits expense relates to the 10,000,000 shares of our common
stock issued for the benefit of our employees, service providers and certain key personnel under
our 2007 Restricted Stock Plan; 33,000,000 shares of our common stock and $150 million in cash and
promissory notes issued for the benefit of certain of our key personnel participating in our equity
participation plan; and 77,604,988 shares of common stock and 58,904,993 exchangeable Class B
ordinary shares of FA Sub 2 Limited, our wholly owned subsidiary, subject to an agreement among our
principals and trustees. These shares are subject to certain vesting and forfeiture provisions, and
the related share-based compensation expenses are being recognized on a straight-line basis over
the requisite service period. This treatment under GAAP reduces our net income and may result in
further net losses in future periods.
Fulfilling our obligations as a public company is expensive and time consuming.
As a public company, we are required to prepare and file periodic and other reports with the
SEC under applicable U.S. federal securities laws and to comply with other requirements of U.S.
federal securities laws, such as establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
and internal control over financial reporting as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002. In addition, under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules and regulations of
the SEC, as well as the rules of the NYSE, we are required to maintain certain corporate governance
practices and to adhere to a variety of reporting requirements and accounting rules. Compliance
with these obligations requires significant time and resources from our management and our finance
and accounting staff, may require additional staffing and infrastructure and will make some
activities more time consuming and costly. We incur significant legal, accounting, insurance and
financial costs as a public company. As a result of the increased costs associated with being a
public company, our operating income as a percentage of revenue is likely to be lower.
The failure to address actual or perceived conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of the
investment by the Principals and other key personnel of at least 50% of the after-tax cash proceeds
they received in the Acquisition in GLG Funds, may damage our reputation and materially adversely
affect our business.
As a result of the $321.3 million of net AUM that the Principals, the Trustees and certain key
personnel have invested in the GLG Funds as of September 30, 2009, other investors in the GLG Funds
may perceive conflicts of interest regarding investments in the GLG Funds in which the Principals,
the Trustees and other key personnel are personally invested. Actual or perceived conflicts of
interests could give rise to investor dissatisfaction or litigation and our reputation could be
damaged if we fail, or appear to fail, to deal appropriately with these conflicts of interest.
Investor dissatisfaction or litigation in connection with conflicts of interest could materially
adversely affect our reputation and our business in a number of ways, including as a result of
redemptions by investors from the GLG Funds and a reluctance of counterparties do business with us.
79
We may choose to redeem our outstanding warrants at a time that is disadvantageous to our warrant
holders.
We may redeem the warrants issued as a part of our publicly traded units and the co-investment
warrants at any time beginning December 21, 2007, in whole and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per
warrant, upon a minimum of 30 days prior written notice of redemption, if and only if, the last
sales price of our common stock equals or exceeds $14.25 per share for any 20 trading days within a
30-trading day period ending three business days before we send the notice of redemption.
Redemption of the warrants could force the warrant holders (1) to exercise the warrants and pay the
exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for the holders to do so, (2) to
sell the warrants at the then current market price when they might otherwise wish to hold the
warrants or (3) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the warrants are called
for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of the warrants.
Our outstanding warrants may be exercised in the future, which would increase the number of shares
eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our stockholders. This
might have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
Excluding 12,000,003 warrants beneficially owned by our founders and their affiliates, which
are not currently exercisable, as of November 6, 2009, there were 42,484,674 outstanding warrants
to purchase shares of common stock, which were exercisable beginning on December 21, 2007. These
warrants would only be exercised if the $7.50 per share exercise price is below the market price of
our common stock. To the extent they are exercised, additional shares of our common stock will be
issued, which will result in dilution to our stockholders and increase the number of shares
eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public
market could adversely affect the market price of our shares.
Risks Related to Taxation
Our effective income tax rate depends on various factors and may increase as our business expands
into countries with higher tax rates or as we repatriate more profits to the U.S.
There can be no assurance that we will continue to have a low effective income tax rate. We
are a U.S. corporation that is subject to the U.S. corporate income tax on its taxable income. Our
low effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the asset basis step-up resulting from the GLG
acquisition and the associated 15-year goodwill amortization deduction for U.S. tax purposes. Going
forward, our effective income tax rate will be a function of our overall earnings, the income tax
rates in the jurisdictions in which our entities do business, the type and relative amount of
income earned by our entities in these jurisdictions and the timing and amount of repatriation of
profits back to the United States in the form of dividends. We expect that our effective income tax
rate may increase as our business expands into countries with higher tax rates. In addition,
allocation of income among business activities and entities is subject to detailed and complex
rules and depends on the facts and circumstances. No assurance can be given that the facts and
circumstances or the rules will not change from year to year or that taxing authorities will not be
able to successfully challenge such allocations.
U.S. persons who own 10% or more of our voting stock may be subject to higher U.S. tax rates on a
sale of the stock.
U.S. persons who hold 10% or more (actually and/or constructively) of the total combined
voting power of all classes of our voting stock may on the sale of the stock be subject to U.S. tax
at ordinary income tax rates (rather than at capital gain tax rates) on the portion of their
taxable gain attributed to undistributed offshore earnings. This would be the result if we are
treated (for U.S. federal income tax purposes) as principally availed to hold the stock of foreign
corporation(s) and the stock ownership in us satisfies the stock ownership test for determining
controlled foreign corporation (CFC) status (determined as if we were a foreign corporation). A
foreign corporation is a CFC if, for an uninterrupted period of 30 days or more during any taxable
year, more than 50% of its stock (by vote or value) is owned by 10% U.S. Shareholders. A U.S.
person is a 10% U.S. Shareholder if such person owns (actually and/or constructively) 10% or more
of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote of such corporation. As
of the end of September 2009, approximately 31% of our stock is treated as directly or
constructively owned by 10% U.S. Shareholders. Therefore, any U.S. person who considers acquiring
(directly, indirectly and/or constructively) 10% or more of our outstanding stock should first
consult with his or her tax advisor.
80
Our U.K. tax liability will be higher if the interest expense incurred by our subsidiary FA Sub 3
Limited cannot be fully utilized for U.K. tax purposes.
Our subsidiary FA Sub 3 Limited incurred debt to finance the Acquisition and is claiming a
deduction for U.K. tax purposes for the interest expense incurred on such debt. If the interest
expense incurred by FA Sub 3 Limited cannot be fully utilized for U.K. tax purposes against U.K.
income, our U.K. tax liability might increase significantly. See also Our tax position might
change as a result of a change in tax laws. below for a discussion of U.K. government legislation
on interest deductibility.
Recent changes in U.K. tax laws may impact our ability to recruit, maintain and motivate our
current and future personnel working in the United Kingdom.
As a result of recent proposed increases in the marginal rates of taxation in the United
Kingdom, in order to recruit and retain future and existing personnel working in the United
Kingdom, we may need to increase the level of compensation that we pay to them. This may result in
an increase in our total employee compensation and benefits expense as a percentage of our total
revenue and adversely affect our profitability.
Our tax position might change as a result of a change in tax laws.
Since we operate our business in the United Kingdom, the United States and internationally, we
are subject to many different tax laws. Tax laws (and the interpretations of tax laws by taxing
authorities) are subject to frequent change, sometimes retroactively. There can be no assurance
that any such changes in the tax laws applicable to us will not adversely affect our tax position.
On July 21, 2009 the U.K.s Finance Act became law. This new legislation introduces a
worldwide debt cap which may restrict the deductibility of interest expense incurred by U.K.
resident entities. The legislation is designed to ensure that the U.K. corporation tax deductions
for financing costs do not exceed the worldwide external finance costs of the group and will have
effect in relation to periods of account beginning on or after January 1, 2010. No assurances can
be given that the legislation will not restrict the ability of our subsidiary FA Sub 3 Limited to
claim a tax deduction for the full amount of its interest expense.
The U.S. Congress is considering changes to U.S. income tax laws which would increase the U.S.
income tax rate imposed on carried interest earnings and would subject to U.S. corporate income
tax certain publicly held private equity firms and hedge funds structured as partnerships (for U.S.
federal income tax purposes). These changes would not apply to us because the Company is already
taxed in the United States as a U.S. corporation and earns fee income and does not receive a
carried interest.
President Obama and the U.S. Treasury Department proposed, on May 5, 2009, changing certain of
the U.S. tax rules for U.S. corporations doing business outside the United States. The proposed
changes would limit the ability of U.S. corporations to deduct expenses attributable to offshore
earnings, modify the foreign tax credit rules and further restrict the ability of U.S. corporations
to transfer funds between foreign subsidiaries without triggering U.S. income tax. Although the
scope of the proposed changes is unclear, it is possible that these or other changes in the U.S.
tax laws could increase our U.S. income tax liability and adversely affect our profitability.
No assurances can be given that the U.S. Congress might not enact other tax law changes that
would adversely affect us.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Share Repurchases
On November 2, 2007, we initiated a $100.0 million repurchase program for shares of our common
stock and warrants to purchase common stock which was approved by our Board of Directors effective
through May 2, 2008. On February 4, 2008, the Board of Directors approved an increase of our
repurchase program by an additional $100.0 million and extended the program through August 31,
2008, and subsequently through February 4, 2009, August 2, 2009
81
and most recently through February 3, 2010. Approximately $42.2 million remains available
under the program for the repurchase of common stock and warrants as of September 30, 2009. Our
repurchase program allows management to repurchase shares and warrants at its discretion. Our
repurchases of shares and warrants are subject to certain restrictions under our amended credit
agreement.
The table below sets forth information with respect to purchases made on behalf of the Company
of Company common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2009.
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Maximum Approx. |
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Total Number of |
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Dollar Value of |
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Shares Purchased as |
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Shares that may yet |
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Total Number |
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Part of Publicly |
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be Purchased Under |
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Shares |
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Average Price |
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Announced Plans or |
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the Plans or |
Period |
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Repurchased |
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Paid Per Share |
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Programs |
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Programs |
July 1-31, 2009 |
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605,167 |
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$ |
4.08 |
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605,167 |
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$ |
42,188,801 |
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August 1-31, 2009 |
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$ |
42,188,801 |
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September 1-30, 2009 |
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$ |
42,188,801 |
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Total |
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605,167 |
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605,167 |
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82
Item 6. Exhibits
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Exhibit No. |
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Description |
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10.1
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Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for US Employees
under the Companys 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan. |
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10.2
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Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for US Non-Employee
Directors under the Companys 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan. |
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10.3
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for UK Employees
under the Companys 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan. |
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for UK Limited
Partners under the Companys 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan. |
|
|
|
31.1
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Co-Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the
Exchange Act. |
|
|
|
31.2
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Co-Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the
Exchange Act. |
|
|
|
31.3
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Chief Financial
Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the
Exchange Act. |
|
|
|
32.1
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Co-Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. |
|
|
|
32.2
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Co-Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. |
|
|
|
32.3
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Chief Financial
Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. |
83
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
|
|
GLG PARTNERS, INC.
(Registrant)
|
|
Date: November 9, 2009 |
By |
/s/ Noam Gotttesman
|
|
|
|
Name: |
Noam Gottesman |
|
|
|
Title: |
Chairman of the Board and Co-Chief Executive |
|
|
84
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for US Employees
under the Companys 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan. |
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for US Non-Employee
Directors under the Companys 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan. |
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for UK Employees
under the Companys 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan. |
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for UK Limited
Partners under the Companys 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan. |
|
|
|
31.1
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Co-Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the
Exchange Act. |
|
|
|
31.2
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Co-Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the
Exchange Act. |
|
|
|
31.3
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Chief Financial
Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the
Exchange Act. |
|
|
|
32.1
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Co-Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. |
|
|
|
32.2
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Co-Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. |
|
|
|
32.3
|
|
Certification of Periodic Report by the Chief Financial
Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. |
85