UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

FORM 10 - Q

 

(Mark One)

 

☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018.

 

OR

 

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from           to           

 

Commission File Number:  001-32470

 

Franklin Street Properties Corp.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

401 Edgewater Place, Suite 200

Wakefield, MA 01880

(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

 

(781) 557-1300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ☒ NO ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES ☒ NO ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ☐ NO ☒

 

The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of April 26,  2018 was 107,231,155.

 

 

 

Franklin Street Properties Corp.
Form 10-Q

 

Quarterly Report
March 31, 2018

 

Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1.Financial Statements

 

Franklin Street Properties Corp.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

Franklin Street Properties Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Franklin Street Properties Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Franklin Street Properties Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

 

Franklin Street Properties Corp.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

 

1.  Organization, Properties, Basis of Presentation, Financial Instruments and Recent Accounting Standards

 

Organization

 

Franklin Street Properties Corp. (“FSP Corp.” or the “Company”) holds, directly and indirectly, 100% of the interest in FSP Investments LLC, FSP Property Management LLC, FSP Holdings LLC and FSP Protective TRS Corp.  FSP Property Management LLC provides asset management and property management services.  The Company also has a non-controlling common stock interest in six corporations organized to operate as real estate investment trusts (“REIT”) and a non-controlling preferred stock interest in two of those REITs.  Collectively, the six REITs are referred to as the “Sponsored REITs”.

 

As of March 31, 2018, the Company owned and operated a portfolio of real estate consisting of 34 operating properties, one property that was substantially redeveloped and is in lease-up and six managed Sponsored REITs; and held four promissory notes secured by mortgages on real estate owned by Sponsored REITs, including two mortgage loans and two revolving lines of credit.  From time-to-time, the Company may acquire, develop or redevelop real estate, make additional secured loans or acquire a Sponsored REIT.  The Company may also pursue, on a selective basis, the sale of its properties in order to take advantage of the value creation and demand for its properties, or for geographic or property specific reasons.

 

Properties

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s number of operating properties and rentable square feet of real estate.  In January 2016, the Company classified one property as non-operating that was substantially redeveloped and is in lease-up, which is excluded as of March 31, 2018.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company include all of the accounts of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries.  All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited; however, the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in conjunction with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring matters) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements for these interim periods have been included.  Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018 or for any other period.

 

Financial Instruments

 

As disclosed in Note 4, the Company’s derivatives are recorded at fair value using Level 2 inputs.  The Company estimates that the carrying values of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, receivables and tenant security deposits approximate

their fair values based on their short-term maturity and the loan receivable, bank note and term loans payable approximate their fair values as they bear interest at variable interest rates at spreads that approximate market. 

 

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the consolidated statement of cash flows. 

 

 

Amounts included in restricted cash represent amounts set aside for the payments to be made pursuant to our employee’s flexible medical spending accounts. 

 

Recent Accounting Standards

 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), which provides guidance for revenue recognition.  The standard’s core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which a company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  This update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  A substantial portion of our revenue consists of rental income from leasing arrangements, which is specifically excluded from Topic 606.  The Company adopted Topic 606 using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2018 and the adoption did not have an impact on the amount or timing of revenue recognition in the consolidated financial statements.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”).  ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to establish a lease liability for the obligation to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset for the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term on their balance sheets.  Lessees will continue to recognize lease expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. The guidance also eliminates current real estate-specific provisions for all entities. For lessors, the guidance modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases.  This new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods thereafter with early adoption permitted.  The Company is currently evaluating the potential changes from ASU 2016-02 to future financial reporting and disclosures.  The Company expects the adoption of this standard in 2019 will increase its assets and liabilities by approximately $3 million for the addition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities related to an operating lease for office space; however, the Company does not expect the standard to have a material impact to its results of operations or liquidity. 

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires that entities use a new forward looking “expected loss” model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowance for credit losses.  The measurement of expected credit losses is based upon historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements. 

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”), which clarifies how reporting entities should present and classify certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this guidance during the first quarter of 2018 and applied it retrospectively. Pursuant to the adoption, the Company elected the cumulative earnings

approach related to the distributions received from its equity method investments. The adoption did not have an impact on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.      

 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”), which clarifies how reporting entities should present restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. Reporting entities will show the changes in the total of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. The new standard requires a reconciliation of the totals in the statement of cash flows to the related captions in the balance sheets. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  Upon the adoption of ASU 2016-18, the Company reconciled both cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, whereas under the previous guidance the Company explained the changes during the period for cash and cash equivalents only.  Prior periods were retrospectively adjusted to conform to the current period’s presentation.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”), which provides additional guidance on evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as an acquisition (or disposal) of assets of a business.  The update defines three requirements for a set of assets and activities (collectively referred to as a “set”) to be considered a business: inputs, processes and outputs.  ASU 2017-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  This update will be applied prospectively to any transactions occurring within the period of adoption.  Certain property acquisitions which under previous guidance would have been accounted for as business combinations will be accounted for as acquisitions of assets.  In an acquisition of assets, certain acquisition costs are capitalized as opposed to expensed under business combination guidance.   

 

2.  Related Party Transactions and Investments in Non-Consolidated Entities

 

Investment in Sponsored REITs:

 

At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company held a common stock interest in six  Sponsored REITs.  The Company holds a non-controlling preferred stock investment in two of these Sponsored REITs, FSP 303 East Wacker Drive Corp. (“East Wacker”) and FSP Grand Boulevard Corp. (“Grand Boulevard”), from which it continues to derive economic benefits and risks.

 

Equity in losses of investment in non-consolidated REITs:

 

The following table includes equity in losses of investments in non-consolidated REITs

 

 

Equity in losses of investments in non-consolidated REITs is derived from the Company’s share of income or loss in the operations of those entities.  The Company exercises influence over, but does not control these entities, and investments are accounted for using the equity method.

 

Equity in losses of East Wacker is derived from the Company’s preferred stock investment in the entity.  In December 2007, the Company purchased 965.75 preferred shares or 43.7% of the outstanding preferred shares of East Wacker for $82,813,000 (which represented $96,575,000 at the offering price net of commissions of $7,726,000, loan fees of $5,553,000 and acquisition fees of $483,000 that were excluded).

 

Equity in losses of Grand Boulevard is derived from the Company’s preferred stock investment in the entity.  In May 2009, the Company purchased 175.5 preferred shares or 27.0% of the outstanding preferred shares of Grand Boulevard for

$15,049,000 (which represented $17,550,000 at the offering price net of commissions of $1,404,000, loan fees of $1,009,000 and acquisition fees of $88,000 that were excluded).

 

The Company recorded distributions of $355,000 and $346,000 from non-consolidated REITs during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

 

Management fees and interest income from loans:

 

Asset management fees range from 1% to 5% of collected rents and the applicable contracts are cancelable with 30 days notice.  Asset management fee income from non-consolidated entities amounted to approximately $136,000 and $156,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

 

From time to time the Company may make secured loans (“Sponsored REIT Loans”) to Sponsored REITs in the form of mortgage loans or revolving lines of credit to fund construction costs, capital expenditures, leasing costs and for other purposes. The Company reviews Sponsored REIT loans for impairment each reporting period. A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts recorded on the balance sheet. The Company applies normal loan review and underwriting procedures (as may be implemented or modified from time to time) in making that judgment. None of the Sponsored REIT loans have been impaired.  

 

The Company anticipates that each Sponsored REIT Loan will be repaid at maturity or earlier from long term financings of the underlying properties, cash flows from the underlying properties or some other capital event.  Each Sponsored REIT Loan is secured by a mortgage on the underlying property and has a term of approximately one to three years.  Except for two mortgage loans which bear interest at a fixed rate, advances under each Sponsored REIT Loan bear interest at a rate equal to the 30-day LIBOR rate plus an agreed upon amount of basis points and also require a 50 basis point draw fee.

 

The following is a summary of the Sponsored REIT Loans outstanding as of March 31, 2018:

 

 

 

The Company recognized interest income and fees from the Sponsored REIT Loans of approximately $1,120,000 and $1,214,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

 

Non-consolidated REITs:

 

The balance sheet data below for 2018 and 2017 includes the 6 Sponsored REITs the Company held an interest in as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.  The operating data below for 2018 and 2017 include the operations of the 6 and 7 Sponsored REITs in which the Company held an interest in during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

 

Summarized financial information for these Sponsored REITs is as follows:

 

 

 

 

3.  Bank Note Payable and Term Note Payable

 

JPM Term Loan

 

On October 18, 2017, the Company entered into a First Amendment (the “JPM First Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement, dated November 30, 2016, among the Company, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and lender, and the other lending institutions party thereto (as amended by the JPM First Amendment, the “JPM Credit Agreement”), which provides a single unsecured bridge loan in the aggregate principal amount of $150 million (the “JPM Term Loan”) that remains fully advanced and outstanding.  The JPM Term Loan has a two year term that matures on November 30, 2018. 

 

The JPM Term Loan bears interest at either (i) a number of basis points over the Eurodollar Rate depending on the Company’s credit rating (135.0 basis points over the Eurodollar Rate at March 31, 2018) or (ii) a number of basis points over the base rate depending on the Company’s credit rating (35.0 basis points over the base rate at March 31, 2018).

 

Based upon the Company’s credit rating, as of March 31, 2018, the interest rate on the JPM Term Loan was 3.29% per annum.  The weighted average interest rate on the JPM Term Loan during the three months ended March 31, 2018 was approximately 3.01% per annum.  The weighted average interest rate on the JPM Term Loan during the year ended December 31, 2017 was approximately 2.45% per annum. 

 

The JPM Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type, including limitations with respect to indebtedness, liens, investments, mergers and acquisitions, disposition of assets, changes in business, certain restricted payments, the requirement to have subsidiaries provide a guaranty in the event that they incur recourse indebtedness and transactions with affiliates. The JPM Credit Agreement also contains financial covenants that require the Company to maintain a minimum tangible net worth, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a maximum secured leverage ratio, a maximum leverage ratio, a maximum unencumbered leverage ratio, and minimum unsecured interest coverage. The JPM Credit Agreement provides for customary events of default with corresponding grace periods, including failure to pay any principal or interest when due, certain cross defaults and a change in control of the Company (as defined in the JPM Credit Agreement). In the event of a default by the Company, the administrative agent may, and at the request of the requisite number of lenders shall, declare all obligations under the JPM Credit Agreement immediately due and payable, and enforce any and all rights of the lenders or administrative agent under the JPM Credit Agreement and related documents. For certain events of default related to bankruptcy, insolvency, and receivership, all outstanding obligations of the Company will

become immediately due and payable. The Company was in compliance with the JPM Term Loan financial covenants as of March 31, 2018.

 

The Company used the net proceeds of the JPM Term Loan to acquire the property located at 600 17th Street, Denver, Colorado on December 1, 2016 and for other general business purposes.   

 

BMO Term Loan

 

On July 21, 2016, the Company entered into a First Amendment (the “BMO First Amendment”), and on October 18, 2017, the Company entered into a Second Amendment (the “BMO Second Amendment”), to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated October 29, 2014, among the Company, the lending institutions party thereto and Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent (as amended by the BMO First Amendment and the BMO Second Amendment, the “BMO Credit Agreement”). The BMO Credit Agreement provides for a single, unsecured term loan borrowing in the amount of $220 million (the “BMO Term Loan”) that remains fully advanced and outstanding. The BMO Term Loan matures on August 26, 2020. The BMO Credit Agreement also includes an accordion feature that allows up to $50 million of additional loans, subject to receipt of lender commitments and satisfaction of certain customary conditions.

 

The BMO Term Loan bears interest at either (i) a number of basis points over LIBOR depending on the Company’s credit rating (165 basis points over LIBOR at March 31, 2018) or (ii) a number of basis points over the base rate depending on the Company’s credit rating (65 basis points over the base rate at March 31, 2018).

 

Although the interest rate on the BMO Term Loan is variable under the BMO Credit Agreement, the Company fixed the base LIBOR interest rate by entering into an interest rate swap agreement. On August 26, 2013, the Company entered into an ISDA Master Agreement with Bank of Montreal that fixed the base LIBOR interest rate on the BMO Term Loan at 2.32% per annum for seven years, until the August 26, 2020 maturity date.  Accordingly, based upon the Company’s credit rating, as of March 31, 2018, the effective interest rate on the BMO Term Loan was 3.97% per annum. 

 

The BMO Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type, including limitations with respect to indebtedness, liens, investments, mergers and acquisitions, disposition of assets, changes in business, certain restricted payments, the requirement to have subsidiaries provide a guaranty in the event that they incur recourse indebtedness and transactions with affiliates. The BMO Credit Agreement also contains financial covenants that require the Company to maintain a minimum tangible net worth, a maximum leverage ratio, a maximum secured leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a maximum unencumbered leverage ratio, and minimum unsecured interest coverage. The BMO Credit Agreement provides for customary events of default with corresponding grace periods, including failure to pay any principal or interest when due, certain cross defaults and a change in control of the Company (as defined in the BMO Credit Agreement). In the event of a default by the Company, the administrative agent may, and at the request of the requisite number of lenders shall, declare all obligations under the BMO Credit Agreement immediately due and payable, terminate the lenders’ commitments to make loans under the BMO Credit Agreement, and enforce any and all rights of the lenders or BMO administrative agent under the BMO Credit Agreement and related documents. For certain events of default related to bankruptcy, insolvency, and receivership, the commitments of lenders will be automatically terminated and all outstanding obligations of the Company will become immediately due and payable. The Company was in compliance with the BMO Term Loan financial covenants as of March 31, 2018.

 

The Company may use the proceeds of the loans under the BMO Credit Agreement to finance the acquisition of real properties and for other permitted investments; to finance investments associated with Sponsored REITs to refinance or retire indebtedness and for working capital and other general business purposes, in each case to the extent permitted under the BMO Credit Agreement. 

 

BAML Credit Facility

 

On July 21, 2016, the Company entered into a First Amendment (the “BAML First Amendment”), and on October 18, 2017, the Company entered into a Second Amendment (the “BAML Second Amendment”), to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated October 29, 2014 among the Company, the lending institutions party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, L/C Issuer and Swing Line Lender (as amended by the BAML First Amendment and the

BAML Second Amendment, the “BAML Credit Facility”) that continued an existing unsecured revolving line of credit (the “BAML Revolver”) and an existing term loan (the “BAML Term Loan”). 

 

BAML Revolver Highlights

 

 

As of March 31, 2018, there were borrowings of $98 million outstanding under the BAML Revolver.  The BAML Revolver bears interest at either (i) a margin over LIBOR depending on the Company’s credit rating (1.20% over LIBOR at March 31, 2018) or (ii) a margin over the base rate depending on the Company’s credit rating (0.20% over the base rate at March 31, 2018). The BAML Credit Facility also obligates the Company to pay an annual facility fee in an amount that is also based on the Company’s credit rating. The facility fee is assessed against the total amount of the BAML Revolver, or $600 million (0.25% at March 31, 2018).

 

Based upon the Company’s credit rating, as of March 31, 2018 the interest rate on the BAML Revolver was 2.93% per annum and there were borrowings of $98 million outstanding.  The weighted average interest rate on all amounts outstanding on the BAML Revolver during the three months ended March 31, 2018 was approximately 2.79% per annum.  As of December 31, 2017, there were borrowings of $78 million outstanding under the BAML Revolver at an interest rate of 2.63% per annum.

 

BAML Term Loan Highlights

 

 

The BAML Term Loan bears interest at either (i) a margin over LIBOR depending on the Company’s credit rating (1.35% over LIBOR at March 31, 2018) or (ii) a margin over the base rate depending on the Company’s credit rating (0.35% over the base rate at March 31, 2018).

 

Although the interest rate on the BAML Credit Facility is variable, the Company fixed the base LIBOR interest rate on the BAML Term Loan by entering into an interest rate swap agreement.  On September 27, 2012, the Company entered into an ISDA Master Agreement with Bank of America, N.A. that fixed the base LIBOR interest rate on the BAML Term Loan at 0.75% per annum for five years, until September 27, 2017.  On July 22, 2016, the Company entered into ISDA Master Agreements with a group of banks that fixed the base LIBOR interest rate on the BAML Term Loan at 1.12% per annum for the period beginning on September 27, 2017 and ending on September 27, 2021.  Accordingly, based upon the Company’s credit rating, as of March 31, 2018, the effective interest rate on the BAML Term Loan was 2.47% per annum.

 

BAML Credit Facility General Information

 

The BAML Credit Facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type, including limitations with respect to indebtedness, liens, investments, mergers and acquisitions, disposition of assets, changes in business, certain restricted payments, the requirement to have subsidiaries provide a guaranty in the event that they incur recourse indebtedness and transactions with affiliates. The BAML Credit Facility also contains financial covenants that require the Company to maintain a minimum tangible net worth, a maximum leverage ratio, a maximum secured leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a maximum unencumbered leverage ratio, and minimum unsecured interest coverage. The BAML Credit Facility provides for customary events of default with corresponding grace periods, including failure to pay any principal or interest when due, certain cross defaults and a change in control of the Company (as defined in the BAML Credit Facility). In the event of a default by the Company, the administrative agent may, and at the request of the requisite number of lenders shall, declare all obligations under the BAML Credit Facility immediately due and payable, terminate the lenders’ commitments to make loans under the BAML Credit Facility, and enforce any and all rights of the lenders or administrative agent under the BAML Credit Facility and related documents. For certain events of default related to bankruptcy, insolvency, and receivership, the commitments of lenders will be automatically terminated and all outstanding obligations of the Company will become immediately due and payable.  The Company was in compliance with the BAML Credit Facility financial covenants as of March 31, 2018.

 

The Company may use the proceeds of the loans under the BAML Credit Facility to finance the acquisition of real properties and for other permitted investments; to finance investments associated with Sponsored REITs to refinance or retire indebtedness and for working capital and other general business purposes, in each case to the extent permitted under the BAML Credit Facility.

 

Senior Notes

 

On October 24, 2017, the Company entered into a note purchase agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) with the various purchasers named therein (the “Purchasers”) in connection with a private placement of senior unsecured notes. Under the Note Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to sell to the Purchasers an aggregate principal amount of $200 million of senior unsecured notes consisting of (i) 3.99% Series A Senior Notes due December 20, 2024 in an aggregate principal amount of $116 million (the “Series A Notes”) and (ii) 4.26% Series B Senior Notes due December 20, 2027 in an aggregate principal amount of $84 million (the “Series B Notes”) and, together with the Series A Notes, the “Senior Notes”). On December 20, 2017, the Senior Notes were funded and proceeds were used to reduce the outstanding balance of the BAML Revolver.

 

The Note Purchase Agreement contains customary financial covenants, including a maximum leverage ratio, a maximum secured leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, and a maximum unencumbered leverage ratio. The Note Purchase Agreement also contains restrictive covenants that, among other things, restrict the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to enter into transactions with affiliates, merge, consolidate, create liens, make certain restricted payments, enter into certain agreements or prepay certain indebtedness. Such financial and restrictive covenants are substantially similar to the corresponding covenants contained in the BAML Credit Facility, the BMO Credit Agreement and the JPM Credit Agreement. The Senior Notes financial covenants require, among other things, the maintenance of a fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.50; a maximum leverage ratio and an unsecured leverage ratio of no more than 60%  (65% if there were a significant acquisition for a short period of time). In addition, the Note Purchase Agreement provides that the Note Purchase Agreement will automatically incorporate additional financial and other specified covenants (such as limitations on investments and distributions) that are effective from time to time under the Existing Credit Agreements, other material indebtedness or certain other private placements of debt of the Company and its subsidiaries.  The Note Purchase Agreement contains customary events of default, including payment defaults, cross defaults with certain other indebtedness, breaches of covenants and bankruptcy events. In the case of an event of default, the Purchasers may, among other remedies, accelerate the payment of all obligations

 

4.  Financial Instruments: Derivatives and Hedging

 

On July 22, 2016, the Company fixed the interest rate for the period beginning on September 27, 2017 and ending on September 27, 2021 on the BAML Term Loan with multiple interest rate swap agreements (the “2017 Interest Rate Swap”).  On August 26, 2013, the Company fixed the interest rate until August 26, 2020 on the BMO Term Loan with an interest rate swap agreement (the “BMO Interest Rate Swap”).  On September 27, 2012, the Company fixed the interest rate until September 27, 2017 on the BAML Term Loan with an interest rate swap agreement (the “BAML Interest Rate Swap”). The variable rates that were fixed under the 2017 Interest Rate Swap, the BMO Interest Rate Swap and the BAML Interest Rate Swap are described in Note 3.

 

The 2017 Interest Rate Swap, the BMO Interest Rate Swap and the BAML Interest Rate Swap qualify as cash flow hedges and have been recognized on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value.  If a derivative qualifies as a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or firm commitment through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings.  The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value will be immediately recognized in earnings, which may increase or decrease reported net income and stockholders’ equity prospectively, depending on future levels of interest rates and other variables affecting the fair values of derivative instruments and hedged items, but will have no effect on cash flows.

 

The following table summarizes the notional and fair value of our derivative financial instruments at March 31, 2018. The notional value is an indication of the extent of our involvement in these instruments at that time, but does not represent exposure to credit, interest rate or market risks.

 

 

On March 31, 2018, the 2017 Interest Rate Swap was reported as an asset at its fair value of approximately $18.4 million and the BMO Interest Rate Swap was reported as an asset at its fair value of approximately $0.4 million.    These are included in other assets: derivative asset on the consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2018.  Offsetting adjustments are reported as unrealized gains or losses on derivative financial instruments in accumulated other comprehensive income of $6.6 million.  During the three months ended March 31, 2018,  $0.1 million was reclassified out of other comprehensive income and into interest expense.

 

Over time, the unrealized gains and losses held in accumulated other comprehensive income will be reclassified into earnings as an increase or reduction to interest expense in the same periods in which the hedged interest payments affect earnings.  The Company estimates that approximately $5.4 million of the current balance held in accumulated other comprehensive income will be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

 

The Company is hedging the exposure to variability in anticipated future interest payments on existing debt.

 

The fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments are determined using the net discounted cash flows of the expected cash flows of the derivative based on the market based interest rate curve and are adjusted to reflect credit or nonperformance risk.  The risk is estimated by the Company using credit spreads and risk premiums that are observable in the market. These financial instruments were classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and were classified as an asset or liability on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

The Company’s derivatives are recorded at fair value in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.  The effective portion of the derivatives’ fair value is recorded to comprehensive income in the consolidated statements of other comprehensive income (loss) and the ineffective portion of the derivatives’ fair value is recognized directly into earnings as Other in the consolidated statements of income.  

 

The interest rate swaps effectively fix the interest rate on the BAML Term Loan and BMO Term Loan; however, prior to October 18, 2017, there was no floor on the variable interest rate of the swaps whereas the BAML Term Loan and BMO Term Loan were subject to a zero percent floor. As a result there was a mismatch and the ineffective portion of the derivatives’ changes in fair value were recognized directly into earnings.    On October 18, 2017, the Company amended the BMO Term Loan and BAML Term Loan to, among other changes, provide that the deemed zero percent interest rate floor is not applicable to any loan where there is a corresponding interest rate swap contract in place. 

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recorded $22,000 of hedge ineffectiveness in earnings.  Hedge ineffectiveness is included in “Other” in the consolidated statements of income.   

 

 

5.  Net Income Per Share

 

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of Company shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted net income per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue shares were exercised or converted into shares.  There were no potential dilutive shares outstanding at each of March 31, 2018 and 2017.    

 

6.  Stockholders’ Equity

 

As of March 31, 2018, the Company had 107,231,155 shares of common stock outstanding.  The Company declared and paid dividends as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

 

7.  Income Taxes

 

General

 

The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a REIT, the Company generally is entitled to a tax deduction for distributions paid to its shareholders, thereby effectively subjecting the distributed net income of the Company to taxation at the shareholder level only.  The Company must comply with a variety of restrictions to maintain its status as a REIT.  These restrictions include the type of income it can earn, the type of assets it can hold, the number of shareholders it can have and the concentration of their ownership, and the amount of the Company’s taxable income that must be distributed annually.

 

One such restriction is that the Company generally cannot own more than 10% of the voting power or value of the securities of any one issuer unless the issuer is itself a REIT or a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”).  In the case of TRSs, the Company’s ownership of securities in all TRSs generally cannot exceed 20% of the value of all of the Company’s assets beginning with calendar year 2018 and 25% for previous years and, when considered together with other non-real estate assets, cannot exceed 25% of the value of all of the Company’s assets.  FSP Investments LLC and FSP Protective TRS Corp. are the Company’s taxable REIT subsidiaries operating as taxable corporations under the Code.

 

Income taxes are recorded based on the future tax effects of the difference between the tax and financial reporting bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities.  In estimating future tax consequences, potential future events are considered except for potential changes in income tax law or in rates.  The Tax Cuts and Job Act of 2017 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s income taxes. 

 

Interest and penalties will be recorded as income tax expense, if the Company records a liability in the future.  The Company and one or more of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions.  The statute of limitations for the Company’s income tax returns is generally three years and as such, the Company’s returns that remain subject to examination would be primarily from 2014 and thereafter.

 

The Company is subject to a business tax known as the Revised Texas Franchise Tax.  Some of the Company’s leases allow reimbursement by tenants for these amounts because the Revised Texas Franchise Tax replaces a portion of the property tax for school districts.  Because the tax base on the Revised Texas Franchise Tax is derived from an income based measure, it is considered an income tax.  The Company recorded a provision for the Revised Texas Franchise Tax of $70,000 and $89,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

 

Net operating losses

 

Section 382 of the Code restricts a corporation’s ability to use net operating losses (“NOLs”) to offset future taxable income following certain “ownership changes.” Such ownership changes occurred with past mergers and accordingly a portion of the NOLs incurred by the Sponsored REITs available for use by the Company in any particular future taxable year will be limited. To the extent that the Company does not utilize the full amount of the annual NOLs limit, the unused amount may be carried forward to offset taxable income in future years. NOLs expire 20 years after the year in which they arise, and the last of the Company’s NOLs will expire in 2027. A valuation allowance is provided for the full amount of the NOLs as the realization of any tax benefits from such NOLs is not assured.  The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s ability to use NOL’s or the valuation allowance.  The gross amount of NOLs available to the Company was $13,041,000 as of each of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

The income tax expense reflected in the consolidated statements of income relates primarily to a franchise tax on our Texas properties.  FSP Protective TRS Corp. provides taxable services to tenants at some of the Company’s properties and the tax expenses associated with these activities are reported as Other Taxes in the table below:

 

 

Taxes on income are a current tax expense.  No deferred income taxes were provided as there were no material temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the TRSs.

 

8.  Dispositions of properties

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, the Company reached a decision to classify an office property located in Baltimore, Maryland as an asset held for sale.  In evaluating the Baltimore, Maryland property, management considered various subjective factors, including the time, cost and likelihood of successfully leasing the property, the effect of the property’s results on its unencumbered asset value, which is part of the leverage ratio used to compare to a maximum leverage covenant in the JPM Term Loan, BMO Term Loan and the BAML Credit Facility, future capital costs to upgrade and reposition the multi-tenant property and to lease up the building, recent leasing and economic activity in the local area, and offers to purchase the property.  The Company concluded that selling the property was the more prudent decision and outweighed the potential future benefit of continuing to hold the property.   The property was expected to sell within one year at a loss, which was recorded as a provision for loss on a property held for sale of $20.5 million net of applicable income taxes and was classified as an asset held for sale of $31.9 million at June 30, 2017.  During the three months ended September 30, 2017, the Company increased the provision for loss by $0.3 million to $20.7 million net of applicable income

taxes, and the property was classified as an asset held for sale in the amount of $31.6 million at September 30, 2017.  The Company sold the property on October 20, 2017 for net proceeds of $31.6 million resulting in a total loss of $20.8 million, net of applicable income taxes.

 

During the three months ended December 31, 2016, the Company reached an agreement to sell an office property located in Milpitas, California.  The property was classified as an asset held for sale at December 31, 2016 and was sold on January 6, 2017 at approximately a $2.3 million gain.

 

The disposals did not represent a strategic shift that has a major effect on the Company's operations and financial results.  Accordingly, the properties remain classified within continuing operations for all periods presented. 

 

9.  Subsequent Events

 

On April 6, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a cash distribution of $0.09 per share of common stock payable on May 10, 2018 to stockholders of record on April 20, 2018.

 

   

 

  

   

Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.  Historical results and percentage relationships set forth in the consolidated financial statements, including trends which might appear, should not be taken as necessarily indicative of future operations.  The following discussion and other parts of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may also contain forward-looking statements based on current judgments and current knowledge of management, which are subject to certain risks, trends and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in such forward-looking statements.  Accordingly, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.  Investors are cautioned that our forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainty, including without limitation, economic conditions in the United States, changes in interest rates, disruptions in the debt markets, economic conditions in the markets in which we own properties, risks of a lessening of demand for the types of real estate owned by us, uncertainties relating to fiscal policy, changes in government regulations and regulatory uncertainty, geopolitical events, and expenditures that cannot be anticipated such as utility rate and usage increases, unanticipated repairs, additional staffing, insurance increases and real estate tax valuation reassessments.  See Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 and Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” below.  Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements.  We may not update any of the forward-looking statements after the date this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is filed to conform them to actual results or to changes in our expectations that occur after such date, other than as required by law.

 

Overview

 

FSP Corp., or we or the Company, operates in a single reportable segment: real estate operations.  The real estate operations market involves real estate rental operations, leasing, secured financing of real estate and services provided for asset management, property management, property acquisitions, dispositions and development.  Our current strategy is to invest in select urban infill and central business district properties, with primary emphasis on our five core markets of Atlanta, Dallas, Denver, Houston and Minneapolis.  We believe that our five core markets have macro-economic drivers that have the potential to increase occupancies and rents.  We will also monitor other markets for opportunistic investments.  We seek value-oriented investments with an eye towards long-term growth and appreciation, as well as current income.

 

As of March 31, 2018,  approximately 7.7 million square feet, or approximately 78.0% of our total owned portfolio, was located in our five core markets.  From time-to-time we may dispose of our smaller, suburban office assets and replace them with larger urban infill and central business district office assets located primarily in our five core markets.  As we execute this strategy, short term operating results could be adversely impacted.  However, we believe that the transformed portfolio has the potential to provide higher profit and asset value growth over a longer period of time.  

 

The main factor that affects our real estate operations is the broad economic market conditions in the United States.  These market conditions affect the occupancy levels and the rent levels on both a national and local level.  We have no influence on broader economic/market conditions.  We look to acquire and/or develop quality properties in good locations in order to lessen the impact of downturns in the market and to take advantage of upturns when they occur.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

We have certain critical accounting policies that are subject to judgments and estimates by our management and uncertainties of outcome that affect the application of these policies.  We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances.  On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates.  In the event estimates or assumptions prove to be different from actual results, adjustments are made in subsequent periods to reflect more current information.  The accounting policies that we believe are most critical to the understanding of our financial position and results of operations, and that require significant management estimates and judgments, are discussed in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

Critical accounting policies are those that have the most impact on the reporting of our financial condition and results of operations and those requiring significant judgments and estimates.  We believe that our judgments and assessments are consistently applied and produce financial information that fairly presents our results of operations.  No changes to our critical accounting policies have occurred since the filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

Recent Accounting Standards

 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), which provides guidance for revenue recognition.  The standard’s core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which a company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  This update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  A substantial portion of our revenue consists of rental income from leasing arrangements, which is specifically excluded from Topic 606.  The Company adopted Topic 606 using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2018 and the adoption did not have an impact on the amount or timing of revenue recognition in the consolidated financial statements.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”).  ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to establish a lease liability for the obligation to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset for the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term on their balance sheets.  Lessees will continue to recognize lease expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. The guidance also eliminates current real estate-specific provisions for all entities. For lessors, the guidance modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases.  This new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods thereafter with early adoption permitted.  We are currently evaluating the potential changes from ASU 2016-02 to future financial reporting and disclosures.  We expect the adoption of this standard in 2019 will increase our assets and liabilities by approximately $3 million for the addition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities related to an operating lease for office space; however, we do not expect the standard to have a material impact to our results of operations or liquidity. 

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires that entities use a new forward looking “expected loss” model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowance for credit losses.  The measurement of expected credit losses is based upon historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently assessing the potential impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have in our consolidated financial statements. 

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”), which clarifies how reporting entities should present and classify certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted this guidance during the first quarter of 2018 and applied it retrospectively. Pursuant to the adoption, we elected the cumulative earnings approach related to the distributions received from its equity method investments. The adoption did not have an impact on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. 

 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”), which clarifies how reporting entities should present restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. Reporting entities will show the changes in the total of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. The new standard requires a reconciliation of the totals in the statement of cash flows to the related captions in the balance sheets. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  Upon the adoption of ASU 2016-18, we reconciled both cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, whereas under the previous guidance we explained the changes during the period for cash and cash equivalents only.    Prior periods were retrospectively adjusted to conform to the current period’s presentation.     

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”), which provides additional guidance on evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as an acquisition (or disposal) of assets of a business.  The update defines three requirements for a set of assets and activities (collectively referred to as a “set”) to be considered a business: inputs, processes and outputs.  ASU 2017-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  This update will be applied prospectively to any transactions occurring within the period of adoption.  Certain property acquisitions which under previous guidance would have been accounted for as business combinations will be accounted for as acquisitions of assets.  In an acquisition of assets, certain acquisition costs are capitalized as opposed to expensed under business combination guidance.

 

Trends and Uncertainties

 

Economic Conditions

 

The economy in the United States is continuing to experience a period of moderate economic growth, which directly affects the demand for office space, our primary income producing asset.  The broad economic market conditions in the United States are affected by numerous factors, including but not limited to, inflation and employment levels, energy prices, the pace of economic growth and/or recessionary concerns, uncertainty about government fiscal and tax policy, changes in currency exchange rates, geopolitical events, the regulatory environment, the availability of credit and interest rates.  In addition, the Federal Reserve Bank has indicated that it could raise interest rates further in 2018.  Any increase in interest rates could result in increased borrowing costs to us.  However, we could also benefit from any further improved economic fundamentals and increasing levels of employment.  We believe that the economy is in a cyclically-slower but prolonged broad-based upswing.  However, future economic factors may negatively affect real estate values, occupancy levels and property income.

 

Real Estate Operations

 

Leasing

 

Our real estate portfolio was approximately 88.5% leased as of March 31, 2018, a decrease from 89.7% as of December 31, 2017.  The 1.2% decrease in leased space was a result of lease expirations and terminations during the three months ended March 31, 2018.  As of March 31, 2018, we had approximately 1,119,000 square feet of vacancy in our portfolio compared to approximately 1,007,000 square feet of vacancy at December 31, 2017.  During the three months ended March 31, 2018, we leased approximately 109,000 square feet of office space, of which approximately 84,000 square feet were with existing tenants, at a weighted average term of 5.9 years.  On average, tenant improvements for such leases were $26.35 per square foot, lease commissions were $8.18 per square foot and rent concessions were approximately two months of free rent.  Average GAAP base rents under such leases were $30.42 per square foot, or 2.9%  lower than average rents in the respective properties as applicable compared to the year ended December 31, 2017.    

 

In January 2016, our property at 801 Marquette Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota, with approximately 170,000 square feet of space, became vacant and we subsequently redeveloped the property.  Interior demolition and construction work commenced during the three months ended September 30, 2016.  As of March 31, 2018, we had incurred approximately $16.9 million in total redevelopment costs.  Delivery of the substantially completed project was achieved at the end of the second quarter of 2017.  Redevelopment of 801 Marquette Avenue has resulted in approximately 130,000 of net rentable square feet for the property.  We anticipate the project, when leased, will attain rents of approximately $17 to $19 net rent per square foot compared to previously expired net rent of approximately $4.75 per square foot.

 

As of March 31, 2018, leases for approximately 10.1% and 12.6% of the square footage in our portfolio are scheduled to expire during 2018 and 2019, respectively.  As the second quarter of 2018 begins, we believe that our property portfolio is well stabilized, with a balanced lease expiration schedule, and that existing vacancy is being actively marketed to numerous potential tenants.  We believe that most of our largest property markets are now experiencing generally steady or improving rental conditions.  We anticipate positive leasing activity within the portfolio during 2018.

 

While we cannot generally predict when an existing vacancy in our real estate portfolio will be leased or if existing tenants with expiring leases will renew their leases or what the terms and conditions of the lease renewals will be, we expect to renew or sign new leases at then-current market rates for locations in which the buildings are located, which could be above or below the expiring rates.  Also, we believe the potential for any of our tenants to default on its lease or to seek the protection

of bankruptcy exists.  If any of our tenants defaults on its lease, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as a landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment.  In addition, at any time, a tenant of one of our properties may seek the protection of bankruptcy laws, which could result in the rejection and termination of such tenant’s lease and thereby cause a reduction in cash available for distribution to our stockholders.

 

Real Estate Acquisition and Investment Activity

 

During 2018:

 

 

During 2017:

 

 

 

Dispositions of Properties and Asset Held for Sale

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2017, we reached a decision to classify our office property located in Baltimore, Maryland as an asset held for sale.  The property was expected to sell within one year at a loss, which was recorded as a provision for loss on a property held for sale of $20.5 million net of applicable income taxes and was classified as an asset held for sale of $31.9 million at June 30, 2017.  During the three months ended September 30, 2017, we increased the provision for loss by $0.3 million to $20.7 million net of applicable income taxes and the property was classified as an asset held for sale in the amount of $31.6 million at September 30, 2017.  We sold the property on October 20, 2017 for net proceeds of $31.6 million resulting in a total loss of $20.8 million, net of applicable income taxes. 

 

During the three months ended December 31, 2016, we reached an agreement to sell an office property located in Milpitas, California.  The property was classified as an asset held for sale at December 31, 2016 and was sold on January 6, 2017 at a $2.3 million gain. 

 

The disposal of these properties did not represent a strategic shift that has a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results.  Accordingly, the properties remained classified within continuing operations for all periods presented. 

 

We will continue to evaluate our portfolio, and in the future may decide to dispose of additional properties from time-to-time in the ordinary course of business.  We believe that the current property sales environment continues to improve in many markets relative to both liquidity and pricing.  We believe that both improving office property fundamentals as well as attractive financing availability will likely be required to continue improvement in the marketplace for potential property dispositions.  As an important part of our total return strategy, we intend to be active in property dispositions when we believe that market conditions warrant such activity and, as a consequence, we continuously review and evaluate our portfolio of properties for potentially advantageous dispositions.

 

Results of Operations

 

The following table shows financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017:

 

 

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2018 to the three months ended March 31, 2017:

 

Revenues

 

Total revenues decreased by $1.9 million to $66.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017.  The decrease was primarily a result of:

 

 

 

Expenses

 

Total expenses decreased by $0.8 million to $65.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017.  The decrease was primarily a result of: