AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON APRIL 8, 2002
REGISTRATION NO. 333-_____
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
MARYLAND 84-1259577
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification Number)
COLORADO CENTER, TOWER TWO
2000 SOUTH COLORADO BOULEVARD, SUITE 2-1000
DENVER, COLORADO 80222
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of principal executive offices)
PETER K. KOMPANIEZ
PRESIDENT AND VICE-CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
COLORADO CENTER, TOWER TWO
2000 SOUTH COLORADO BOULEVARD, SUITE 2-1000
DENVER, COLORADO 80222
(303) 757-8101
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone number,
including Area Code, of Agent For Service)
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Copies to:
JOSEPH A. COCO JONATHAN L. FRIEDMAN
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
4 Times Square 300 South Grand Avenue
New York, New York 10036 Los Angeles, California 90071
(212) 735-2040 (213) 687-5000
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APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: From time to
time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant
to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. [ ]
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a
delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, other
than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest
reinvestment plans, check the following box. [X]
If the Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant
to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list
the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier registration
statement for the same offering. [ ]
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under
the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box [ ]
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
PROPOSED PROPOSED
AMOUNT TO BE MAXIMUM OFFERING MAXIMUM AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF
TITLE OF SHARES TO BE REGISTERED REGISTERED PRICE PER UNIT (1) OFFERING PRICE REGISTRATION FEE
Class A Common Stock, par value
$.01 per share.................... 4,390,907 shares $47.92 $210,412,263 $19,357.93
(1) Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, based on the closing price on April 3, 2002.
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THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE
OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT
SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION
STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME
EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(a),
MAY DETERMINE.
PROSPECTUS
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
Colorado Center, Tower Two, 2000 South Colorado Boulevard, Suite 2-1000
Denver, Colorado 80222 (303) 757-8101
4,390,907 SHARES OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK
Apartment Investment and Management Company is a self-administered and
self-managed real estate investment trust engaged in the ownership, acquisition,
development, expansion and management of multi-family apartment properties.
This Prospectus relates to:
o the offer and sale from time to time by certain stockholders
of up to 3,508,123 shares of Class A Common Stock;
o the offer and sale from time to time by certain stockholders
of up to 882,784 shares of Class A Common Stock issued in
exchange for Partnership Common Units of AIMCO Properties,
L.P.
We are registering the shares covered by this Prospectus as required
under the terms of certain agreements between the selling stockholders and us.
The registration of the shares does not necessarily mean that any of the shares
will be offered or sold by the selling stockholders. We will receive no proceeds
from any sales of the shares, but will incur expenses in connection with the
offering. See "Selling Stockholders" and "Plan of Distribution."
The selling stockholders may sell the Class A Common Stock offered
hereby from time to time on the New York Stock Exchange or such other national
securities exchange or automated interdealer quotation system on which shares of
Class A Common Stock are then listed or quoted, through negotiated transactions
or otherwise at market prices prevailing at the time of the sale or at
negotiated prices.
The Class A Common Stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbol "AIV." On April 3, 2002, the closing sale price of the
Class A Common Stock on the NYSE was $47.86 per share.
INVESTING IN THE CLASS A COMMON STOCK INVOLVES CERTAIN RISKS. SEE "RISK
FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 1.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS
PROSPECTUS IS TRUTHFUL OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
April 8, 2002
TABLE OF CONTENTS
THE COMPANY..............................................................................................1
RISK FACTORS.............................................................................................1
USE OF PROCEEDS..........................................................................................8
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS.....................................................................................8
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION.....................................................................................9
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAXATION CONSEQUENCES............................................................11
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION.....................................................................22
LEGAL MATTERS...........................................................................................23
EXPERTS...............................................................................................II-1
THE COMPANY
Apartment Investment and Management Company ("AIMCO"), a Maryland
corporation formed on January 10, 1994, is a self-administered and self-managed
real estate investment trust, or REIT, engaged in the ownership, acquisition,
redevelopment, expansion and management of multi-family apartment properties. As
of December 31, 2001, we owned, managed or held an equity interest in 280,288
apartment units in 1,371 properties located in 45 states, the District of
Columbia and Puerto Rico. Based on apartment unit data compiled by the National
Multi Housing Council, we believe that, as of December 31, 2001, we are the
largest owner and manager of multifamily apartment properties in the United
States. As of December 31, 2001, we:
o owned or controlled (consolidated) and managed 157,256 units
in 557 apartment properties;
o held an equity interest in (unconsolidated) 91,512 units in
569 apartment properties; and
o managed for third party owners 31,520 units in 245 apartment
properties, primarily pursuant to long term, non-cancelable
agreements.
We conduct substantially all of our operations through our operating
partnership, AIMCO Properties, L.P. Through a wholly owned subsidiary, we act as
the sole general partner of the AIMCO operating partnership. As of December 31,
2001, we owned approximately an 87% interest in the AIMCO operating partnership.
We manage apartment properties for third parties and affiliates through
consolidated subsidiaries that we refer to as the "management companies."
Generally, when we refer to "we," "us" or the "Company" in this prospectus, we
are referring to AIMCO, the AIMCO operating partnership, the management
companies and their respective subsidiaries.
EquiServe Trust Company, N.A. serves as transfer agent and registrar of
our Class A Common Stock.
Our principal executive offices are located at 2000 South Colorado
Boulevard, Tower Two, Suite 2-1000, Denver, Colorado 80222-7900, and our
telephone number is (303) 757-8101.
RISK FACTORS
Before you invest in our securities, you should be aware that there are
various risks, including those described below. You should consider carefully
these risk factors together with all of the other information included or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus before you decide to purchase our
securities.
Some of the information in this prospectus may contain forward-looking
statements. These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking
words such as "may," "will," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "continue" or
other similar words. These statements discuss future expectations, contain
projections of results of operations or financial condition or state other
"forward-looking" information. When considering forward-looking statements, you
should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements included or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The risk factors noted in this
section and other factors noted throughout this prospectus, including certain
risks and uncertainties, could cause our actual results to differ materially
from those contained in any forward-looking statement.
IF WE ARE NOT ABLE TO SUCCESSFULLY ACQUIRE, REDEVELOP AND EXPAND APARTMENT
PROPERTIES, OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS WILL BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED.
The selective acquisition, redevelopment and expansion of apartment
properties is one component of our growth strategy. However, we may not be able
to successfully complete transactions in the future. Although we seek to
acquire, develop and expand properties only when such activities increase our
net income on a per share basis, such transactions may fail to perform in
accordance with our expectations. When we develop or expand properties, we are
subject to the risks that:
o costs may exceed original estimates;
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o occupancy and rental rates at the property may be below our
projections;
o financing may not be available on favorable terms or at all;
o redevelopment and leasing of the properties may not be
completed on schedule; and
o we may experience difficulty or delays in obtaining necessary
zoning, land-use, building, occupancy and other governmental
permits and authorizations.
WE MAY HAVE DIFFICULTY INTEGRATING ANY ACQUIRED BUSINESSES OR PROPERTIES.
We have grown rapidly. Since our initial public offering in July 1994,
we have completed numerous acquisition transactions, expanding our portfolio of
owned or managed properties from 132 apartment properties with 29,343 units to
1,371 apartment properties with 280,288 units as of December 31, 2001. These
acquisitions have included purchases of properties and interests in entities
that own or manage properties, as well as corporate mergers. Our ability to
successfully integrate acquired businesses and properties depends, among other
things, on our ability to:
o attract and retain qualified personnel;
o integrate the personnel and operations of the acquired
businesses;
o maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies;
and
o maintain adequate accounting and information systems.
We can provide no assurance that we will be able to accomplish these
goals and successfully integrate any acquired businesses or properties. If we
fail to successfully integrate such businesses, our results of operations could
be adversely affected.
AS OUR SIZE INCREASES, IT BECOMES MORE DIFFICULT FOR US TO ACHIEVE RAPID GROWTH.
Our rapid growth since our initial public offering in July 1994 was
achieved when we were a smaller company. As a result of our current size, future
acquisitions of the same size and magnitude will have a smaller impact on us. It
is also more difficult for us to identify and complete acquisitions of greater
size that are consistent with our growth strategy. In fact, since December 31,
2000, our portfolio of owned or managed properties has declined from 1,720
apartment properties with 326,289 units to 1,371 apartment properties with
280,288 units as of December 31, 2001.
WE ARE SUBJECT TO LITIGATION ASSOCIATED WITH PARTNERSHIP ACQUISITIONS, WHICH
COULD INCREASE OUR EXPENSES AND PREVENT COMPLETION OF BENEFICIAL TRANSACTIONS.
We have engaged in, and intend to continue to engage in, the selective
acquisition of interests in limited partnerships that own apartment properties.
In some cases, we have acquired the general partner of a partnership and then
made an offer to acquire the limited partners' interests in the partnership. In
these transactions, we may be subject to litigation based on claims that the
general partner has breached its fiduciary duty to its limited partners or that
the transaction violates the relevant partnership agreement. Although we intend
to comply with our fiduciary obligations and relevant partnership agreements, we
may incur additional costs in connection with the defense or settlement of this
type of litigation. In some cases, this type of litigation may adversely affect
our desire to proceed with, or our ability to complete, a particular
transaction. Any litigation of this type could also have a material adverse
effect on our results of operations.
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OUR EXISTING AND FUTURE DEBT FINANCING COULD RENDER US UNABLE TO OPERATE, RESULT
IN FORECLOSURE ON OUR PROPERTIES OR PREVENT US FROM MAKING DISTRIBUTIONS ON OUR
EQUITY.
Our strategy is generally to incur debt to increase the return on our
equity while maintaining acceptable interest coverage ratios. We seek to
maintain a ratio of free cash flow to combined interest expense and preferred
stock dividends of between 2:1 and 3:1. However, our Board of Directors could
change this strategy at any time and increase our leverage. Our organizational
documents do not limit the amount of debt that we may incur, and we have
significant amounts of debt outstanding. Payments of principal and interest may
leave us with insufficient cash resources to operate our properties or pay
distributions required to be paid in order to maintain our qualification as a
REIT. We are also subject to the risk that our cash flow from operations will be
insufficient to make required payments of principal and interest, and the risk
that existing indebtedness may not be refinanced or that the terms of any
refinancing will not be as favorable as the terms of existing indebtedness. If
we fail to make required payments of principal and interest on any debt, our
lenders could foreclose on the properties securing such debt which would result
in loss of income and asset value to us. As of December 31, 2001, substantially
all of the properties that we owned or controlled were encumbered by debt. As of
December 31, 2001, we had $4.8 billion of indebtedness outstanding on a
consolidated basis, all of which was secured.
INCREASES IN INTEREST RATES MAY INCREASE OUR INTEREST EXPENSE.
As of December 31, 2001, approximately $925.1 million of our debt (19%
of the total) was subject to variable interest rates. An increase in interest
rates could increase our interest expense and reduce our cash flow and our
ability to service our indebtedness and make distributions.
WE MAY INCUR LOSSES DUE TO INTEREST RATE HEDGING TRANSACTIONS.
From time to time, in anticipation of refinancing debt, we enter into
agreements to reduce the risks associated with increases in short term interest
rates. Although these agreements provide us with some protection against rising
interest rates, these agreements also reduce the benefits to us when interest
rates decline. These agreements involve the following risks:
o interest rate movements during the term of the agreement may
result in a loss to us;
o we may be exposed to losses if the hedge is not indexed to the
same rate as the debt anticipated to be incurred; and
o we may incur a loss if the counterparty to the agreement fails
to pay.
COVENANT RESTRICTIONS MAY LIMIT OUR ABILITY TO MAKE PAYMENTS TO OUR INVESTORS.
Some of our debt and other securities contain covenants that restrict
our ability to make distributions or other payments to our investors unless
certain financial tests or other criteria are satisfied. In some cases, our
subsidiaries are subject to similar provisions, which may restrict their ability
to make distributions to us. Our credit facilities provide that we may make
distributions to our investors during any 12-month period in an aggregate amount
that does not exceed the greater of 80% of our funds from operations for such
period or such amount as may be necessary to maintain our REIT status. The
credit facilities prohibit all distributions if our:
o fixed charge coverage ratio (excludes scheduled amortization)
is less than 1.70 to 1;
o adjusted fixed charge coverage ratio (includes scheduled
amortization) is less than 1.45 to 1;
o interest coverage ratio is less than 2.25 to 1;
o unsecured debt service coverage ratio is less than 3.00 to 1;
o total combined debt to gross asset value ratio exceeds 0.55 to
1;
o total obligations to gross asset value ratio exceeds 0.68 to 1
before September 30, 2002, or 0.65 to 1 thereafter;
o encumbered property debt coverage ratio is less than 1.60 to
1; or
o consolidated net worth is less than the sum of $2.24 billion
and 85% of the net proceeds of any securities issuances after
June 30, 2000.
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Our outstanding classes of preferred stock and partnership preferred
units prohibit the payment of dividends on our common stock or the partnership
common units if we fail to pay the dividends or distributions to which the
holders of the preferred stock or partnership preferred units are entitled. In
addition, our 6-1/2% convertible debentures prohibit the payment of dividends on
our capital stock if we elect to defer payments of interest on these convertible
debentures, which we have the right to do for periods of up to 60 months. If we
are unable to pay dividends, we may fail to qualify as a REIT. This would
subject us to corporate taxation and reduce our ability to make distributions to
you.
WE DEPEND ON DISTRIBUTIONS AND OTHER PAYMENTS FROM OUR SUBSIDIARIES THAT THEY
MAY BE PROHIBITED FROM MAKING.
All of our properties are owned, and all of our operations are
conducted, by the AIMCO operating partnership and our other subsidiaries. As a
result, we depend on distributions and other payments from the subsidiaries in
order to satisfy our financial obligations and make payments to our investors.
The ability of the subsidiaries to make such distributions and other payments is
dependent upon their earnings and may be subject to statutory or contractual
limitations. As an equity investor in the subsidiaries, our right to receive
assets upon their liquidation or reorganization will be effectively subordinated
to the claims of their creditors. To the extent that we are recognized as a
creditor of such subsidiaries, our claims would still be subordinate to any
security interest in or other lien on their assets and to any of their debt or
other obligations that are senior to us.
CHANGES IN THE REAL ESTATE MARKET MAY LIMIT OUR ABILITY TO GENERATE FUNDS FROM
OPERATIONS.
Our ability to make payments to our investors depends on our ability to
generate funds from operations in excess of required debt payments and capital
expenditure requirements. Funds from operations and the value of our properties
may be adversely affected by events or conditions beyond our control, including:
o the general economic climate;
o competition from other apartment communities and alternative
housing;
o local conditions, such as an increase in unemployment or an
oversupply of apartments, that might adversely affect
apartment occupancy or rental rates;
o changes in governmental regulations and the related cost of
compliance;
o increases in operating costs (including real estate taxes) due
to inflation and other factors, which may not necessarily be
offset by increased rents;
o changes in tax laws and housing laws, including the enactment
of rent control laws or other laws regulating multifamily
housing;
o changes in interest rate levels and the availability of
financing; and
o the relative illiquidity of real estate investments.
WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO COSTLY ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITIES, WHICH COULD ADVERSELY
AFFECT OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
Various Federal, state and local laws subject property owners or
operators to liability for the costs of removal or remediation of certain
hazardous substances released on a property. These laws often impose liability
without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for,
the release of the hazardous substances. The presence of, or the failure to
properly remediate, hazardous substances may adversely affect occupancy at
contaminated apartment communities and our ability to sell or borrow against
these properties. In addition to the costs associated with investigation and
remediation actions brought by governmental agencies, the presence of hazardous
wastes on a property could result in personal injury or similar claims by
private plaintiffs. Various laws also impose liability for the cost of removal
or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances at the disposal or treatment
facility. Anyone who arranges for the disposal or treatment of hazardous or
toxic substances is potentially liable under these laws. These laws
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often impose liability whether or not the person arranging for the disposal ever
owned or operated the disposal facility.
LAWS BENEFITTING DISABLED PERSONS MAY RESULT IN OUR INCURRENCE OF UNANTICIPATED
EXPENSES.
Under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, or ADA, all places
intended to be used by the public are required to meet certain Federal
requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. Likewise, the Fair
Housing Amendments Act of 1988, or FHAA, requires apartment properties first
occupied after March 13, 1990 to be accessible to the handicapped. These and
other Federal, state and local laws may require modifications to our properties,
or restrict certain further renovations of the properties. Noncompliance with
these laws could result in the imposition of fines or an award of damages to
private litigants and also could result in an order to correct any non-complying
feature, which could result in substantial capital expenditures. Although we
believe that our properties are substantially in compliance with present
requirements, we may incur unanticipated expenses to comply with the ADA and the
FHAA.
AFFORDABLE HOUSING REGULATIONS MAY LIMIT RENT INCREASES AT SOME OF OUR
PROPERTIES, REDUCING OUR REVENUE AND, IN SOME CASES, CAUSING US TO SELL
PROPERTIES THAT WE MIGHT OTHERWISE CONTINUE TO OWN.
As of December 31, 2001, we owned or controlled 28 properties, held an
equity interest in 353 properties with a combined average ownership percentage
of 25% and managed for third parties and affiliates 206 properties that benefit
from governmental programs intended to provide housing to people with low or
moderate incomes. These programs, which are usually administered by the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development, or HUD, or state housing finance
agencies, typically provide mortgage insurance, favorable financing terms or
rental assistance payments to the property owners. As a condition to the receipt
of assistance under these programs, the properties must comply with various
requirements, which typically limit rents to pre-approved amounts. If permitted
rents on a property are insufficient to cover costs, a sale of the property may
become necessary, which could result in a loss of management fee revenue. We
usually need to obtain the approval of HUD in order to manage, or acquire a
significant interest in, a HUD-assisted property. We may not always receive such
approval.
THE LOSS OF PROPERTY MANAGEMENT CONTRACTS MAY REDUCE OUR REVENUES.
We manage some properties owned by third parties. In 2001, we received
$17.3 million of revenue from the management of such properties. We may suffer a
loss of revenue if we lose our right to manage these properties or if the rental
revenues upon which our management fees are based decline. In general,
management contracts may be terminated or otherwise lost as a result of:
o a disposition of the property by the owner in the ordinary
course or as a result of financial distress of the property
owner;
o the property owner's determination that our management of the
property is unsatisfactory;
o willful misconduct, gross negligence or other conduct that
constitutes grounds for termination; or
o with respect to certain affordable properties, termination of
such contracts by HUD or state housing finance agencies,
generally at their discretion.
WE DEPEND ON OUR CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRESIDENT; OUR OPERATIONS WOULD BE
HARMED IF WE LOST THEIR SERVICES.
Although we have entered into employment agreements with our Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer, Terry Considine, and our President, Peter K.
Kompaniez, the loss of either of their services could have an adverse effect on
our operations.
WE MAY ENGAGE IN TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES AND EXPERIENCE CONFLICTS OF
INTEREST INHERENT IN THESE TRANSACTIONS.
We have been, and continue to be, involved in various transactions with
a number of our affiliates, including our executive officers, directors and
entities in which they own interests. We have adopted
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certain policies designed to minimize or eliminate the conflicts of interest
inherent in these transactions, including a requirement that a majority of our
disinterested directors approve certain transactions with affiliates. However,
we cannot assure you that these policies will be successful in eliminating the
influence of such conflicts. Furthermore, these policies are subject to change
without the approval of our stockholders.
WE MAY FAIL TO QUALIFY AS A REIT.
We believe that we operate in a manner that enables us to meet the
requirements for qualification as a REIT for Federal income tax purposes;
however, future economic, market, legal, tax or other considerations may cause
us to fail to qualify as a REIT, or our Board of Directors may determine to
revoke our REIT status. If we fail to qualify, or revoke our status, as a REIT,
we will not be allowed a deduction for dividends paid to our stockholders in
computing our taxable income, and we will be subject to Federal income tax at
regular corporate rates. This would substantially reduce our funds available for
payment to our investors. See "Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences" for more
detail.
In addition, our failure to qualify as a REIT would trigger the
following consequences:
o we would be obligated to repurchase a material amount of our
preferred stock, plus accrued and unpaid dividends to the date
of repurchase; and
o we would be in default under our primary credit facilities and
certain other loan agreements.
REIT DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTS LIMIT OUR AVAILABLE CASH.
As a REIT, we are subject to annual distribution requirements, which
limit the amount of cash we have available for other business purposes,
including amounts to fund our growth.
LEGISLATIVE OR OTHER ACTIONS AFFECTING REITS COULD HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON US.
The rules dealing with Federal income taxation are constantly under
review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the Internal
Revenue Service, or IRS, and the U.S. Treasury Department. Changes to the tax
laws (which may have retroactive application) could adversely affect our
investors. We cannot predict how changes in the tax law might affect us or our
investors. For example, under recently enacted legislation, effective January 1,
2001, if any of our management companies were deemed to operate or manage a
health care or lodging facility, we would fail to qualify as a REIT. While we
believe that, since January 1, 2001, none of the management companies have
operated or managed any health care or lodging facilities, the statute provides
little guidance as to the definition of a health care or lodging facility.
Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the IRS will not contend that any of our
management companies operate or manage a health care or lodging facility,
resulting in our disqualification as a REIT.
WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO OTHER TAX LIABILITIES.
Even if we qualify as a REIT, we and our subsidiaries may be subject to
certain Federal, state and local taxes on our income and property. Any such
taxes would reduce our operating cash flow.
LIMITS ON OWNERSHIP OF SHARES IN OUR CHARTER MAY RESULT IN THE LOSS OF ECONOMIC
AND VOTING RIGHTS BY PURCHASERS THAT VIOLATE THOSE LIMITS.
Our charter limits ownership of our common stock by any single
stockholder to 8.7% of our outstanding shares, or 15% in the case of certain
pension trusts, registered investment companies and Mr. Considine. Our charter
also limits ownership of our common stock and preferred stock by any single
stockholder to 8.7% of the value of the outstanding common stock and preferred
stock, or 15% in the case of certain pension trusts, registered investment
companies and Mr. Considine. Our charter also prohibits anyone from buying
shares if the purchase would result in us losing our REIT status. This could
happen if a share transaction results in fewer than 100 persons owning all of
our shares or results in five or fewer persons, applying certain attribution
rules of the Internal Revenue Code, owning 50% or more of the value of all of
our shares. If you or anyone else acquires shares in excess of the ownership
limit or in violation of the ownership requirements of the Internal Revenue Code
for REITs:
6
o the transfer will be considered null and void;
o we will not reflect the transaction on our books;
o we may institute legal action to enjoin the transaction;
o we may demand repayment of any dividends received by the
affected person on those shares;
o we may redeem the shares;
o the affected person will not have any voting rights for those
shares; and
o the shares (and all voting and dividend rights of the shares)
will be held in trust for the benefit of one or more
charitable organizations designated by us.
We may purchase the shares held in trust at a price equal to the lesser
of the price paid by the transferee of the shares or the then current market
price. If the trust transfers any of the shares, the affected person will
receive the lesser of the price he paid for the shares or the then current
market price. An individual who acquires shares that violate the above rules
bears the risk that the individual:
o may lose control over the power to dispose of such shares;
o may not recognize profit from the sale of such shares if the
market price of the shares increases;
o may be required to recognize a loss from the sale of such
shares if the market price decreases; and
o may be required to repay to us any distributions received from
us as a result of his or her ownership of the shares.
OUR CHARTER MAY LIMIT THE ABILITY OF A THIRD PARTY TO ACQUIRE CONTROL OF US.
The 8.7% ownership limit discussed above may have the effect of
precluding acquisition of control of us by a third party without the consent of
our Board of Directors. Our charter authorizes our Board of Directors to issue
up to 510,587,500 shares of capital stock. As of December 31, 2001, 456,962,738
shares were classified as Class A Common Stock, and 53,624,762 shares were
classified as preferred stock. Under the charter, our Board of Directors has the
authority to classify and reclassify any of our unissued shares of capital stock
into shares of preferred stock with such preferences, rights, powers and
restrictions as our Board of Directors may determine. The authorization and
issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying or preventing
someone from taking control of us, even if a change in control were in our
stockholders' best interests.
MARYLAND BUSINESS STATUTES MAY LIMIT THE ABILITY OF A THIRD PARTY TO ACQUIRE
CONTROL OF US.
As a Maryland corporation, we are subject to various Maryland laws
which may have the effect of discouraging offers to acquire us and of increasing
the difficulty of consummating any such offers, even if our acquisition would be
in our stockholders' best interests. The Maryland General Corporation Law
restricts mergers and other business combination transactions between us and any
person who acquires beneficial ownership of shares of our stock representing 10%
or more of the voting power without our Board of Directors' prior approval. Any
such business combination transaction could not be completed until five years
after the person acquired such voting power, and generally only with the
approval of stockholders representing 80% of all votes entitled to be cast and
66% of the votes entitled to be cast, excluding the interested stockholder, or
upon payment of a fair price. Maryland law also provides generally that a person
who acquires shares of our stock that represent 10% or more of the voting power
in electing directors will have no voting rights unless approved by a vote of
two-thirds of the shares eligible to vote. Additionally, recent changes to
Maryland law may make it more difficult for someone to acquire us. Maryland law
now provides, among other things, that the board of directors has broad
discretion in adopting stockholders' rights plans and has the sole power to fix
the record date, time and place for special meetings of the stockholders. In
addition, Maryland law provides that corporations which:
7
o have three directors who are not employees of the entity or
related to an acquiring person; and
o are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934,
may elect in their charter or bylaws or by resolution of the board of directors
to be subject to all or part of a special subtitle which provides that:
o the corporation will have a staggered board of directors;
o any director may be removed only for cause and by the vote of
two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast in the election of
directors generally, even if a lesser proportion is provided
in the charter or bylaws;
o the number of directors may only be set by the board of
directors, even if the procedure is contrary to the charter or
bylaws;
o vacancies may only be filled by the remaining directors, even
if the procedure is contrary to the charter or bylaws; and
o the secretary of the corporation may call a special meeting of
stockholders at the request of stockholders only on the
written request of the stockholders entitled to cast at least
a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at the
meeting, even if the procedure is contrary to the charter or
bylaws.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive any cash proceeds upon any sale of Class A Common
Stock by the selling stockholders.
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
This prospectus relates to periodic offers and sales of up to 4,390,907
shares of Class A Common Stock by the selling stockholders listed and described
below and their pledgees, donees and other successors in interest (collectively,
the "selling stockholders"). All of the selling stockholders received shares of
Class A Common Stock or Partnership Common Units of AIMCO Properties, L.P.
("Common Units") in connection with AIMCO's acquisition of Casden Properties
Inc. and related transactions (collectively, the "Casden Acquisition"). The
following table sets forth certain information with respect to the selling
stockholders and their beneficial ownership of shares of Class A Common Stock as
of the date hereof. Except as indicated below, and except for the transactions
undertaken in connection with the Casden Acquisition, none of the named selling
stockholders holds any position, office or has had any other material
relationship with us, or any of our predecessors or affiliates, during the past
three years. Except as indicated below, the shares owned by each selling
stockholder represents less than 1% of the shares of Class A Common Stock
outstanding as of the date of this prospectus. Because the selling stockholders
may sell some or all of the shares offered hereby, and because there are
currently no agreements, arrangements or understandings with respect to the sale
of any of such shares, no estimate can be given as to the number of shares that
will be held by the selling stockholders upon termination of any offering made
hereby.
8
Amount Offered Hereby
---------------------------------------
Shares Issuable in
Amount Owned Class A Exchange for Common
SELLING STOCKHOLDER Prior to Offering (1) Common Stock Units (2)
------------------- --------------------- ------------ -------------------
BA Casden Investors LLC.................... 1,108,694 1,108,694 (3)
Alan I. Casden (4)......................... 523,139 351,314 171,825
The Casden Company......................... 1,842,657 1,842,657 (5)
Casden Investment Corp..................... 541,386 161,970 379,416
Persons or entities who acquired Class A
Common Stock or Common Units in
the Casden Acquisition (6)............ 375,031 43,488 331,543
----------- ---------- ----------
TOTAL 4,390,907 3,508,123 882,784
----------
(1) Represents shares of Class A Common Stock currently owned or issuable
in exchange for an equal number of Common Units currently owned by the
named selling stockholder.
(2) Represents the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that may be
issued by us from time to time in exchange for an equal number of
Common Units held by the named selling stockholder.
(3) Represents approximately 1.5% of the Class A Common Stock outstanding
as of the date of this prospectus.
(4) The named selling stockholder was Chairman of the Board of Directors of
Casden Properties Inc. prior to the Casden Acquisition.
(5) Represents approximately 2.4% of the Class A Common Stock outstanding
as of the date of this prospectus.
(6) Excludes those persons or entities who are individually named above.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
This prospectus relates to the offer and sale from time to time by the
selling stockholders of up to 4,390,907 shares of Class A Common Stock. The
selling stockholders may sell shares from time to time in one or more
transactions, which may include underwritten offerings, sales in open market or
block transactions on the New York Stock Exchange, or such other national
securities exchange or automated interdealer quotation system on which shares of
Class A Common Stock are then listed or quoted, sales in the over-the-counter
market, privately negotiated transactions, put or call options transactions
relating to the shares, short sales of shares (including the delivery of shares
to cover short positions or otherwise settle short sale transactions), hedging
transactions, or in transactions in which shares may be delivered in connection
with issuance of securities by issuers other than AIMCO that are exchangeable
for or payable in such shares, distributions to beneficiaries, partners,
members, or stockholders of the selling stockholders or a combination of such
methods of sale or by any other legally available means, at market prices
prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices at
the time of the sale or at negotiated prices. Such transactions may or may not
involve brokers or dealers. The selling stockholders have advised us that they
have not entered into any agreements, understandings or arrangements with any
underwriters or broker-dealers regarding the sale of the securities offered
hereby, nor is there an underwriter or coordinating broker acting in connection
with the proposed sale of shares by the selling stockholders. In addition, any
of the shares covered by this prospectus which qualify for sale pursuant to Rule
144 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), may be sold under
Rule 144 rather than pursuant to this prospectus.
The selling stockholders may effect such transactions by selling shares
directly to purchasers or to or through broker-dealers, which may act as agents
or principals. Such broker-dealers may receive compensation in the form of
discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling stockholders or the
purchasers of shares for whom such broker-dealers may act as agents or to whom
they sell as principal, or both (which compensation as to a particular
broker-dealer might be in excess of customary commissions). In effecting sales,
such broker-dealers may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate.
The selling stockholders may enter into options or other transactions
with broker-dealers or other financial institutions who may resell the
securities offered hereby pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or
amended to reflect the transaction).
9
If shares are sold in an underwritten offering, the shares will be
acquired by the underwriters for their own accounts and may be resold from time
to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a
fixed public offering price or prices at the time of the sale or at negotiated
prices. Any initial public offering price and any discounts or commissions
allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.
Underwriters may sell shares to or through broker-dealers, and such
broker-dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or
commissions from the underwriters or the purchasers of shares for whom such
broker-dealers may act as agents or to whom they sell as principal, or both
(which compensation as to a particular broker-dealer might be in excess of
customary commissions).
Depending upon the circumstances of any sale hereunder, the selling
stockholders and any underwriter or broker-dealer who acts in connection with
the sale of shares hereunder may be deemed to be "underwriters," within the
meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act, and any compensation received by
them and any profit on any resale of shares sold by them while acting as
principals may be deemed to be underwriting discounts or commissions under the
Securities Act.
The selling stockholders will be subject to the prospectus delivery
requirements of the Securities Act, which may include delivery through the
facilities of the New York Stock Exchange pursuant to Rule 153 under the
Securities Act. We have informed the selling stockholders that the
anti-manipulation provisions of Regulation M promulgated under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 may apply to their sales in the market.
In order to comply with the securities laws of certain jurisdictions,
the securities offered hereby will be offered or sold in such jurisdictions only
through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in certain
jurisdictions the securities offered hereby may not be offered or sold unless
they have been registered or qualified for sale in such jurisdictions or an
exemption or federal preemption from registration or qualification is available
and is complied with.
We have agreed to pay all expenses in connection with the registration
of the shares being offered hereby. Selling stockholders are responsible for
paying broker's commissions, underwriting discounts and any other selling
expenses, as well as certain fees and expenses of selling stockholders' counsel.
We have agreed to indemnify certain of the selling stockholders, and
their respective officers and directors and any person who controls such selling
stockholders, against certain liabilities and expenses arising out of or based
upon the information set forth or incorporated by reference in this prospectus,
and the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, including
liabilities under the Securities Act. We or the selling stockholders may agree
to indemnify any agent, dealer or broker-dealer that participates in
transactions involving sales of the shares against certain liabilities,
including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.
Upon our being notified by a selling stockholder that any material
arrangement has been entered into with an underwriter or a broker-dealer for the
sale of shares through a special offering, block trade, exchange distribution or
a secondary distribution or a purchase by a broker or dealer, a supplement to
this prospectus will be filed, if required, pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the
Securities Act, disclosing (i) the name of each such selling stockholder and of
the participating broker-dealer(s), (ii) the number of shares involved, (iii)
the price at which such shares were sold, (iv) the commissions paid or discounts
or concessions allowed to such broker-dealer(s), where applicable, (v) that such
broker-dealer(s) did not conduct any investigation to verify the information set
out or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and (vi) other facts
material to the transaction. In addition, upon our being notified by a named
selling stockholder that a donee or pledgee intends to sell more than 500
shares, a supplement to this prospectus will be filed.
10
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAXATION CONSEQUENCES
THE FOLLOWING IS A SUMMARY OF CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
RESULTING FROM THE ACQUISITION OF, HOLDING, EXCHANGING, AND OTHERWISE DISPOSING
OF AIMCO CLASS A COMMON STOCK. THIS SUMMARY IS BASED UPON THE CODE, THE TREASURY
REGULATIONS (THE "REGULATIONS"), RULINGS ISSUED BY THE IRS, AND JUDICIAL
DECISIONS, ALL IN EFFECT AS OF THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS AND ALL OF WHICH ARE
SUBJECT TO CHANGE OR DIFFERING INTERPRETATIONS, POSSIBLY RETROACTIVELY. THIS
SUMMARY IS ALSO BASED ON THE ASSUMPTIONS THAT THE OPERATION OF AIMCO, THE AIMCO
OPERATING PARTNERSHIP AND THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES AND LIMITED
PARTNERSHIPS IN WHICH THEY OWN CONTROLLING INTERESTS (COLLECTIVELY, THE
"SUBSIDIARY PARTNERSHIPS") WILL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR RESPECTIVE
ORGANIZATIONAL DOCUMENTS AND PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENTS, THIS SUMMARY IS FOR GENERAL
INFORMATION ONLY AND DOES NOT PURPORT TO DISCUSS ALL ASPECTS OF FEDERAL INCOME
TAXATION WHICH MAY BE IMPORTANT TO A PARTICULAR INVESTOR IN LIGHT OF ITS
INVESTMENT OR TAX CIRCUMSTANCES, OR TO CERTAIN TYPES OF INVESTORS SUBJECT TO
SPECIAL TAX RULES (INCLUDING FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, BROKER-DEALERS, INSURANCE
COMPANIES, AND EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT DISCUSSED BELOW, TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS
AND FOREIGN INVESTORS, AS DETERMINED FOR FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES). THIS
SUMMARY ASSUMES THAT INVESTORS WILL HOLD THEIR AIMCO STOCK AS CAPITAL ASSETS
(GENERALLY, PROPERTY HELD FOR INVESTMENT). NO ADVANCE RULING HAS BEEN OR WILL BE
SOUGHT FROM THE IRS REGARDING ANY MATTER DISCUSSED IN THIS PROSPECTUS. NO
ASSURANCE CAN BE GIVEN THAT THE IRS WOULD NOT ASSERT, OR THAT A COURT WOULD NOT
SUSTAIN, A POSITION CONTRARY TO ANY OF THE TAX ASPECTS SET FORTH BELOW.
THE FEDERAL INCOME TAX TREATMENT OF HOLDERS OF AIMCO STOCK DEPENDS IN
SOME INSTANCES ON DETERMINATIONS OF FACT AND INTERPRETATIONS OF COMPLEX
PROVISIONS OF FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAW FOR WHICH NO CLEAR PRECEDENT OR AUTHORITY
MAY BE AVAILABLE. ACCORDINGLY, EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS TAX
ADVISOR REGARDING THE FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES OF
ACQUIRING, HOLDING, EXCHANGING, OR OTHERWISE DISPOSING OF AIMCO CLASS A COMMON
STOCK AND OF AIMCO'S ELECTION TO BE SUBJECT TO TAX, FOR FEDERAL INCOME TAX
PURPOSES, AS A REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST.
IN GENERAL
The REIT provisions of the Code are highly technical and complex. The
following summary sets forth certain aspects of the provisions of the Code that
govern the Federal income tax treatment of a REIT and its stockholders. This
summary is qualified in its entirety by the applicable Code provisions,
Regulations, and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, all of
which are subject to change, possibly retroactively.
AIMCO has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code commencing with
its taxable year ended December 31, 1994, and AIMCO intends to continue such
election. Although AIMCO believes that, commencing with AIMCO's initial taxable
year ended December 31, 1994, AIMCO was organized in conformity with the
requirements for qualification as a REIT, and its actual method of operation has
enabled, and its proposed method of operation will enable, it to meet the
requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code, no
assurance can be given that AIMCO has been or will remain so qualified. Such
qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon AIMCO's ability to meet,
through actual annual operating results, distribution levels requirements
regarding diversity of stock ownership, and the
11
various qualification tests imposed under the Code as discussed below. No
assurance can be given that the actual results of AIMCO's operation for any one
taxable year will satisfy such requirements. See "--Failure to Qualify." No
assurance can be given that the IRS will not challenge AIMCO's eligibility for
taxation as a REIT.
AIMCO has received an opinion, dated April 5, 2002, from the law firm
of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP to the effect that, beginning with
its initial taxable year ended December 31, 1994, AIMCO was organized in
conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code and
that its actual method of operation has enabled, and its proposed method of
operation will enable, AIMCO to meet the requirements for qualification and
taxation as a REIT. The opinion is expressed as of its date, and Skadden, Arps,
Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP has no obligation to advise AIMCO of any change in
applicable law or of any change in matters stated, represented or assumed after
the date of such opinion.
You should be aware that opinions of counsel are not binding on the IRS
or any court. AIMCO's opinion of counsel is based upon certain representations
and covenants made by AIMCO, including representations regarding its properties
and the past, present and future conduct of its business operations.
Furthermore, AIMCO's opinion of counsel is conditioned on, and its qualification
and taxation as a REIT depend on, AIMCO's ability to meet, through actual annual
operating results, the various REIT qualification tests, the results of which
are not reviewed by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP. Accordingly, no
assurance can be given that the actual results of AIMCO's operations for any
taxable year satisfy such requirements. Such requirements are discussed in more
detail under the heading "Requirements for Qualification."
Provided AIMCO qualifies as a REIT, AIMCO will not be subject to
Federal corporate income tax on its net income that is currently distributed to
its stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the "double taxation"
(at the corporate and stockholder levels) that generally results from investment
in a corporation. However, notwithstanding AIMCO's qualification as a REIT,
AIMCO will be subject to Federal income tax as follows:
o First, AIMCO will be taxed at regular corporate rates on any
undistributed REIT taxable income, including undistributed net
capital gains.
o Second, under certain circumstances, AIMCO may be subject to
the "alternative minimum tax" on its items of tax preference.
o Third, if AIMCO has net income from prohibited transactions
(which are, in general, certain sales or other dispositions of
property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary
course of business other than foreclosure property), such
income will be subject to a 100% tax.
o Fourth, if AIMCO should fail to satisfy the 75% gross income
test or the 95% gross income test (as discussed below), but
has nonetheless maintained its qualification as a REIT because
certain other requirements have been met, it will be subject
to a 100% tax on an amount equal to (a) the gross income
attributable to the greater of the amount by which AIMCO fails
the 75% or 95% test multiplied by (b) a fraction intended to
reflect AIMCO's profitability.
o Fifth, if AIMCO should fail to distribute during each calendar
year at least the sum of (i) 85% of its REIT ordinary income
for such year, (ii) 95% of its REIT capital gain net income
for such year (other than certain long-term capital gains that
AIMCO elects to retain and pay the tax thereon), and (iii) any
undistributed taxable income from prior periods, AIMCO would
be subjected to a 4% excise tax on the excess of such required
distribution over the amounts actually distributed.
o Sixth, a 100% excise tax may be imposed on some items of
income expense that are directly or constructively paid
between a REIT and a taxable REIT subsidiary (as described
below) if and to the extent that the IRS successfully adjusts
the reported amounts of these items.
12
o Seventh, if AIMCO acquires assets from a corporation that is
not a REIT (a "subchapter C corporation") in a transaction in
which the adjusted tax basis of the assets in the hands of
AIMCO is determined by reference to the adjusted tax basis of
such assets in the hands of the subchapter C corporation,
under Temporary Treasury Regulations, the subchapter C
corporation would be required to recognize any net Built-In
Gain (as defined below) that would have been realized if the
subchapter C corporation had liquidated on the day before the
date of the transfer. Pursuant to Regulations, AIMCO may
elect, in lieu of the treatment described above, to be subject
to tax at the highest regular corporate tax rate on any gain
it recognizes on the disposition of any such asset during the
ten-year period beginning on the day on which AIMCO acquires
such asset to the extent of the excess, if any, of the fair
market value over the adjusted basis of such asset as of its
acquisition date ("Built-in Gain"). AIMCO intends to make such
an election and, therefore, will be taxed at the highest
regular corporate rate on such Built-in Gain if, and to the
extent, such assets are sold within the specified ten-year
period. It should be noted that AIMCO has acquired (and may
acquire in the future) a significant amount of assets with
Built-in Gain and a taxable disposition by AIMCO of any of
these assets within ten years of their acquisitions would
subject AIMCO to tax under the foregoing rule.
o Eighth, certain of AIMCO's subsidiaries are subchapter C
corporations, the earnings of which are subject to Federal
corporate income tax.
o Ninth, AIMCO could be subject to foreign taxes on investments
and activities in foreign jurisdictions. In addition, AIMCO
could also be subject to tax in certain situations and on
certain transactions not presently contemplated.
Requirements for Qualification. The Code defines a REIT as a
corporation, trust or association:
o that is managed by one or more trustees or directors;
o the beneficial ownership of which is evidenced by transferable
shares, or by transferable certificates of beneficial
interest,
o which would be taxable as a domestic corporation, but for the
special Code provisions applicable to REITs,
o that is neither a financial institution nor an insurance
company subject to certain provisions of the Code;
o the beneficial ownership of which is held by 100 or more
persons;
o in which, during the last half of each taxable year, not more
than 50% in value of the outstanding stock is owned, directly
or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the
Code to include certain entities); and
o which meets certain other tests described below (including
with respect to the nature of its income and assets).
The Code provides that the first four conditions must be met during the
entire taxable year, and that the fifth condition must be met during at least
335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate part of a
taxable year of less than 12 months. The charter provides certain restrictions
regarding transfers of its shares, which provisions are intended to assist AIMCO
in satisfying the share ownership requirements described in the fifth and sixth
conditions above.
To monitor AIMCO's compliance with the share ownership requirements,
AIMCO is required to maintain records regarding the actual ownership of its
shares. To do so, AIMCO must demand written statements each year from the record
holders of certain percentages of its stock in which the record holders are to
disclose the actual owners of the shares (i.e., the persons required to include
in gross income the REIT dividends). A list of those persons failing or refusing
to comply with this demand must be maintained as part of AIMCO's records.
Failure by AIMCO to comply with these record keeping requirements could subject
it to monetary penalties. A stockholder who fails or refuses to comply with the
13
demand must submit a statement with its tax return disclosing the actual
ownership of the shares and certain other information.
In addition, a corporation may not elect to become a REIT unless its
taxable year is the calendar year. AIMCO satisfies this requirement.
Ownership of Partnership Interests. In the case of a REIT that is a
partner in a partnership, the Regulations provide that the REIT is deemed to own
its proportionate share of the partnership's assets and to earn its
proportionate share of the partnership's income. In addition, the assets and
gross income of the partnership retain the same character in the hands of the
REIT for purposes of the gross income and asset tests applicable to REITs as
described below. Thus, AIMCO's proportionate share of the assets, liabilities
and items of income of the Subsidiary Partnerships will be treated as assets,
liabilities and items of income of AIMCO for purposes of applying the REIT
requirements described herein. A summary of certain rules governing the Federal
income taxation of partnerships and their partners is provided below in "--Tax
Aspects of AIMCO's Investments in Partnerships."
Income Tests. In order to maintain qualification as a REIT, AIMCO
annually must satisfy two gross income requirements:
o First, at least 75% of AIMCO's gross income (excluding gross
income from "prohibited transactions," i.e., certain sales of
property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary
course of business) for each taxable year must be derived
directly or indirectly from investments relating to real
property or mortgages on real property (including "rents from
real property" and, in certain circumstances, interest) or
from certain types of temporary investments.
o Second, at least 95% of AIMCO's gross income (excluding gross
income from prohibited transactions) for each taxable year
must be derived from such real property investments, and from
dividends, interest and gain from the sale or disposition of
stock or securities (or from any combination of the
foregoing).
Rents received by AIMCO through the Subsidiary Partnerships will
qualify as "rents from real property" in satisfying the gross income
requirements described above, only if several conditions are met, including the
following. Amounts received from the rental of up to 10% of a property to a
taxable REIT subsidiary will qualify as "rents from real property" so long as
the rents received from the taxable REIT subsidiary are substantially comparable
to rents received from other tenants of the property for comparable space. If
rent attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real
property is greater than 15% of the total rent received under the lease, then
the portion of rent attributable to such personal property will not qualify as
"rents from real property." Moreover, for rents received to qualify as "rents
from real property," the REIT generally must not furnish or render services to
the tenants of such property, other than through an "independent contractor"
from which the REIT derives no revenue or through a "taxable REIT subsidiary."
AIMCO (or its affiliates) is permitted to directly perform services that are
"usually or customarily rendered" in connection with the rental of space for
occupancy only and are not otherwise considered rendered to the occupant of the
property. In addition, AIMCO (or its affiliates) may provide non-customary
services to tenants of its properties without disqualifying all of the rent from
the property if the payment for such services does not exceed 1% of the total
gross income from the property. For purposes of this test, the income received
from such non-customary services is deemed to be at least 150% of the direct
cost of providing the services.
If any amount of interest, rent, or other deductions of a taxable REIT
subsidiary for amounts paid to AIMCO is determined by the IRS to be other than
at arm's length, a 100% excise tax is imposed on the portion that is excessive.
AIMCO manages apartment properties for third parties and affiliates
through subsidiaries that AIMCO refers to as the "management companies." The
management companies receive management fees and other income. A portion of such
fees and other income accrue to AIMCO through distributions from the management
companies that are classified as dividend income to the extent of the earnings
and profits of the management companies. Such distributions will generally
qualify under the 95% gross income test but not under the 75% gross income test.
14
If AIMCO fails to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income
tests for any taxable year, it may nevertheless qualify as a REIT for such year
if it is entitled to relief under certain provisions of the Code. These relief
provisions will be generally available if AIMCO's failure to meet such tests was
due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, AIMCO attaches a
schedule of the sources of its income to its return, and any incorrect
information on the schedule was not due to fraud with intent to evade tax. It is
not possible, however, to state whether in all circumstances AIMCO would be
entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions. If these relief provisions
are inapplicable to a particular set of circumstances involving AIMCO, AIMCO
will not qualify as a REIT. As discussed above in "-- General," even where these
relief provisions apply, a tax is imposed with respect to the excess net income.
Asset Tests. AIMCO, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year,
must also satisfy four tests relating to the nature of its assets:
o First, at least 75% of the value of AIMCO's total assets must
be represented by real estate assets (including its allocable
share of real estate assets held by the Subsidiary
Partnerships), certain stock or debt instruments purchased by
AIMCO with new capital, cash, cash items and U.S. government
securities.
o Second, not more than 25% of AIMCO's total assets may be
represented by securities other than those in the 75% asset
class.
o Third, of the investments included in the 25% asset class, the
value of any one issuer's securities owned by AIMCO may not
exceed 5% of the value of AIMCO's total assets, AIMCO may not
own more than 10% of any one issuer's outstanding voting
securities, and AIMCO may not own more than 10% of the total
value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. The 5%
and 10% asset limitations do not apply to securities of
"taxable REIT subsidiaries."
o The value of the securities held by AIMCO in taxable REIT
subsidiaries (including the management companies) will not
exceed, in the aggregate, 20% of the value of AIMCO's total
assets.
AIMCO believes that the value of securities held by AIMCO in its
taxable REIT subsidiaries (including the management companies) will not exceed,
in the aggregate, 20% of the value of AIMCO's total assets.
AIMCO indirectly owns interests in the management companies that have
elected to be taxable REIT subsidiaries. As set forth above, the ownership of
more than 10% of the total value or the total voting power of the outstanding
voting securities of any one issuer by a REIT, or the investment of more than 5%
of the REIT's total assets in any one issuer's securities, is prohibited by the
asset tests. AIMCO believes that its indirect ownership interests in the
management companies qualify under the asset tests set forth above. However, no
independent appraisals have been obtained to support AIMCO's conclusions as to
the value of the AIMCO operating partnership's total assets and the value of the
AIMCO operating partnership's interest in the management companies and these
values are subject to change in the future. Furthermore, under legislation
effective January 1, 2001, the operation or management of a health care or
lodging facility precludes qualification as a taxable REIT subsidiary, and
therefore precludes the REIT from relying upon this exception to the 10%
ownership limitation set forth above. Consequently, if any of the management
companies were deemed to operate or manage a health care or lodging facility,
such management companies would fail to qualify as taxable REIT subsidiaries,
and AIMCO would fail to qualify as a REIT. AIMCO believes that since January 1,
2001, none of the management companies operate or manage any health care or
lodging facilities. However, the statute provides little guidance as to the
definition of a health care or lodging facility. Accordingly, there can be no
assurance that the IRS will not contend that any of the management companies
operate or manage a health care or lodging facility, disqualifying it from
treatment as a taxable REIT subsidiary, thereby resulting in the
disqualification of AIMCO as a REIT.
Notwithstanding the general rule that a REIT is treated as owning its
share of the underlying assets of the partnership, for purposes of the REIT
income and asset tests, if a REIT holds indebtedness issued by a partnership,
the indebtedness will be subject to, and may cause a violation of the asset
tests, resulting in
15
lost REIT status, unless it is a qualifying mortgage asset or otherwise
satisfies the rules for "straight debt." However, no independent appraisals have
been obtained to support AIMCO's conclusions as to the value of the AIMCO
operating partnership's total assets and the value of the AIMCO operating
partnership's interest in the taxable REIT subsidiaries and these values are
subject to change in the future. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the
IRS will not contend that AIMCO's interests in its subsidiaries or in the
securities of other issuers will cause a violation of the REIT asset
requirements and loss of REIT status.
AIMCO believes that its holding of securities and other assets have
complied and will continue to comply with the foregoing REIT asset requirements
and it intends to monitor compliance on an ongoing basis.
AIMCO's indirect interests in the AIMCO operating partnership and other
Subsidiary Partnerships are held through wholly owned corporate subsidiaries of
AIMCO organized and operated as "qualified REIT subsidiaries" within the meaning
of the Internal Revenue Code. Qualified REIT subsidiaries are not treated as
separate entities from their parent REIT for Federal income tax purposes.
Instead, all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of
each qualified REIT subsidiary are treated as assets, liabilities and items of
AIMCO. Each qualified REIT subsidiary therefore is not subject to Federal
corporate income taxation, although it may be subject to state or local
taxation. In addition, AIMCO's ownership of the voting stock of each qualified
REIT subsidiary does not violate the general restriction against ownership of
more than 10% of the voting securities of any issuer.
Annual Distribution Requirements. In order for AIMCO to qualify as a
REIT, AIMCO is required to distribute dividends (other than capital gain
dividends) to its stockholders in an amount at least equal to:
o the sum of
(i) 90% of AIMCO's "REIT taxable income" (computed without
regard to the dividends paid deduction and AIMCO's net capital gain,
i.e., the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term
capital loss) and
(ii) 90% of the net income (after tax), if any, from
foreclosure property,
minus
o the sum of certain items of noncash income.
Such distributions must be paid in the taxable year to which they
relate, or in the following taxable year if declared before AIMCO timely files
its tax return for such year and if paid with or before the first regular
dividend payment after such declaration. To the extent that AIMCO distributes at
least 90%, but less than 100%, of its "REIT taxable income," as adjusted, it
will be subject to tax thereon at ordinary corporate tax rates. In any year,
AIMCO may elect to retain, rather than distribute, its net long-term capital
gains and pay tax on such gains. In such a case, AIMCO's stockholders would
include their proportionate share of such undistributed long-term capital gains
in income and receive a credit for their share of the tax paid by AIMCO. AIMCO's
stockholders would then increase the adjusted basis of their AIMCO shares by the
difference between the designated amounts included in their long-term capital
gains and the tax deemed paid with respect to their shares. If AIMCO should fail
to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of:
(i) 85% of its REIT ordinary income for such year,
(ii) 95% of its REIT capital gain net income for such year
(excluding retained long-term capital gains), and
(iii) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods,
AIMCO would be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of such
required distribution over the amounts actually distributed. AIMCO believes that
it has made, and intends to make, timely distributions sufficient to satisfy
these annual distribution requirements.
It is possible that AIMCO, from time to time, may not have sufficient
cash to meet the 90% distribution requirement due to timing differences between
(i) the actual receipt of cash (including receipt of distributions from the
AIMCO operating partnership) and (ii) the inclusion of certain items in income
by
16
AIMCO for Federal income tax purposes. In the event that such timing differences
occur, in order to meet the 90% distribution requirement, AIMCO may find it
necessary to arrange for short-term, or possibly long-term, borrowings, or to
pay dividends in the form of taxable distributions of property.
Under certain circumstances, AIMCO may be able to rectify a failure to
meet the distribution requirement for a year by paying "deficiency dividends" to
stockholders in a later year, which may be included in AIMCO's deduction for
dividends paid for the earlier year. Thus, AIMCO may be able to avoid being
taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends; however, AIMCO will be
required to pay interest and a penalty based on the amount of any deduction
taken for deficiency dividends.
Failure to Qualify. If AIMCO fails to qualify for taxation as a REIT in
any taxable year, and the relief provisions do not apply, AIMCO will be subject
to tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on its taxable income
at regular corporate rates. Distributions to stockholders in any year in which
AIMCO fails to qualify will not be deductible by AIMCO nor will they be required
to be made. In such event, to the extent of current and accumulated earnings and
profits, all distributions to stockholders will be taxable as ordinary income,
and, subject to certain limitations of the Code, corporate distributees may be
eligible for the dividends received deduction. Unless AIMCO is entitled to
relief under specific statutory provisions, AIMCO would also be disqualified
from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during
which qualification was lost. It is not possible to state whether in all
circumstances AIMCO would be entitled to such statutory relief.
TAX ASPECTS OF AIMCO'S INVESTMENTS IN PARTNERSHIPS
General. Substantially all of AIMCO's investments are held indirectly
through the AIMCO operating partnership. In general, partnerships are
"pass-through" entities that are not subject to Federal income tax. Rather,
partners are allocated their proportionate shares of the items of income, gain,
loss, deduction and credit of a partnership, and are potentially subject to tax
thereon, without regard to whether the partners receive a distribution from the
partnership. AIMCO will include in its income its proportionate share of the
foregoing partnership items for purposes of the various REIT income tests and in
the computation of its REIT taxable income. Moreover, for purposes of the REIT
asset tests, AIMCO will include its proportionate share of assets held by the
Subsidiary Partnerships. See "Certain Federal Income Taxation Considerations --
General."
Entity Classification. AIMCO's direct and indirect investment in
partnerships involves special tax considerations, including the possibility of a
challenge by the IRS of the status of any of the Subsidiary Partnerships as a
partnership (as opposed to as an association taxable as a corporation) for
Federal income tax purposes. If any of these entities were treated as an
association for Federal income tax purposes, it would be subject to an
entity-level tax on its income. In such a situation, the character of AIMCO's
assets and items of gross income would change and could preclude AIMCO from
satisfying the asset tests and the income tests (see "Federal Income Taxation
Considerations -- Asset Tests" and "Certain Federal Income Taxation
Considerations -- Income Tests"), and in turn could prevent AIMCO from
qualifying as a REIT. See "Certain Federal Income Taxation Considerations --
Failure to Qualify" above for a summary of the effect of AIMCO's failure to meet
such tests for a taxable year. In addition, any change in the status of any of
the Subsidiary Partnerships for tax purposes might be treated as a taxable
event, in which case AIMCO might incur a tax liability without any related cash
distributions.
Tax Allocations with Respect to the Properties. Under the Internal
Revenue Code and the Regulations, income, gain, loss and deduction attributable
to appreciated or depreciated property that is contributed to a partnership in
exchange for an interest in the partnership must be allocated in a manner such
that the contributing partner is charged with, or benefits from, respectively,
the unrealized gain or unrealized loss associated with the property at the time
of the contribution. The amount of such unrealized gain or unrealized loss is
generally equal to the difference between the fair market value of the
contributed property at the time of contribution, and the adjusted tax basis of
such property at the time of contribution (a "Book-Tax Difference"). Such
allocations are solely for Federal income tax purposes and do not affect the
book capital accounts or other economic or legal arrangements among the
partners. The AIMCO operating partnership was formed by way of contributions of
appreciated property. Consequently, allocations must be made in a manner
consistent with these requirements. Where a partner contributes cash to a
partnership that holds appreciated property, the Regulations provide for a
similar allocation of such
17
items to the other partners. These rules apply to the contribution by AIMCO to
the AIMCO operating partnership of the cash proceeds received in any offerings
of its stock.
In general, certain prospective investors will be allocated lower
amounts of depreciation deductions for tax purposes and increased taxable income
and gain on the sale by the AIMCO operating partnership or other Subsidiary
Partnerships of the contributed properties. This will tend to eliminate the
Book-Tax Difference over the life of these partnerships. However, the special
allocations do not always entirely rectify the Book-Tax Difference on an annual
basis or with respect to a specific taxable transaction such as a sale. Thus,
the carryover basis of the contributed properties in the hands of the AIMCO
operating partnership or other Subsidiary Partnerships may cause AIMCO to be
allocated lower depreciation and other deductions, and possibly greater amounts
of taxable income in the event of a sale of such contributed assets in excess of
the economic or book income allocated to it as a result of such sale. This may
cause AIMCO to recognize taxable income in excess of cash proceeds, which might
adversely affect AIMCO's ability to comply with the REIT distribution
requirements. See "Certain Federal Income Taxation Considerations -- Annual
Distribution Requirements."
With respect to any property purchased or to be purchased by any of the
Subsidiary Partnerships (other than through the issuance of OP Units) subsequent
to the formation of AIMCO, such property will initially have a tax basis equal
to its fair market value and the special allocation provisions described above
will not apply.
Sale of the Properties. AIMCO's share of any gain realized by the AIMCO
operating partnership or any other Subsidiary Partnership on the sale of any
property held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary
course of business will be treated as income from a prohibited transaction that
is subject to a 100% penalty tax. See "Certain Federal Income Taxation
Considerations -- General -- Income Tests." Under existing law, whether property
is held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course
of a partnership's trade or business is a question of fact that depends on all
the facts and circumstances with respect to the particular transaction. The
AIMCO operating partnership and the other Subsidiary Partnerships intend to hold
their properties for investment with a view to long-term appreciation, to engage
in the business of acquiring, developing, owning and operating the properties
and to make such occasional sales of the properties, including peripheral land,
as are consistent with AIMCO's investment objectives.
TAXATION OF MANAGEMENT COMPANIES
A portion of the amounts to be used to fund distributions to
stockholders is expected to come from distributions made by the management
companies to the AIMCO operating partnership, and interest paid by the
management companies on certain notes held by the AIMCO operating partnership.
In general, the management companies pay Federal, state and local income taxes
on their taxable income at normal corporate rates. Any Federal, state or local
income taxes that the management companies are required to pay will reduce
AIMCO's cash flow from operating activities and its ability to make payments to
holders of its securities.
TAXATION OF TAXABLE DOMESTIC STOCKHOLDERS
Distributions. Provided that AIMCO qualifies as a REIT, distributions
made to AIMCO's taxable domestic stockholders out of current or accumulated
earnings and profits (and not designated as capital gain dividends) will be
taken into account by them as ordinary income and will not be eligible for the
dividends received deduction for corporations. Distributions (and retained
long-term capital gains) that are designated as capital gain dividends will be
taxed as long-term capital gains (to the extent that they do not exceed AIMCO's
actual net capital gain for the taxable year) without regard to the period for
which the stockholder has held its stock. However, corporate stockholders may be
required to treat up to 20% of certain capital gain dividends as ordinary
income. In addition, net capital gains attributable to the sale of depreciable
real property held for more than 12 months are subject to a 25% maximum Federal
income tax rate to the extent of previously claimed real property depreciation.
Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits
will not be taxable to a stockholder to the extent that they do not exceed the
adjusted basis of the stockholder's shares in respect of which the distributions
were made, but rather will reduce the adjusted basis of such shares. To the
extent
18
that such distributions exceed the adjusted basis of a stockholder's shares in
respect of which the distributions were made, they will be included in income as
long-term capital gain (or short-term capital gain if the shares have been held
for one year or less). In addition, any dividend declared by AIMCO in October,
November or December of any year and payable to a stockholder of record on a
specified date in any such month will be treated as both paid by AIMCO and
received by the stockholder on December 31 of such year, provided that the
dividend is actually paid by AIMCO during January of the following calendar
year. Stockholders may not include in their individual income tax returns any
net operating losses or capital losses of AIMCO.
Dispositions of AIMCO Class A Common Stock. Capital gains recognized by
individuals and other non-corporate taxpayers upon the sale or disposition of
AIMCO Class A Common Stock held for more than one year at the time of
disposition will be long-term capital gains and will be short-term capital gains
if the AIMCO Class A Common Stock is held for one year or less. Capital losses
recognized by a stockholder upon the disposition of AIMCO Class A Common Stock
held for more than one year at the time of disposition will be a long-term
capital loss. In addition, any loss upon a sale or exchange of shares of AIMCO
Class A Common Stock by a stockholder who has held such shares for six months or
less (after applying certain holding period rules) will be treated as a
long-term capital loss to the extent of distributions from AIMCO required to be
treated by such stockholder as long-term capital gain.
TAXATION OF FOREIGN STOCKHOLDERS
The following is a summary of certain anticipated U.S. Federal income
and estate tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of AIMCO Class A
Common Stock applicable to Non-U.S. Holders of AIMCO Class A Common Stock. A
"Non-U.S. Holder" is generally any person other than (i) a citizen or resident
of the United States, (ii) a corporation or partnership created or organized in
the United States or under the laws of the United States or of any state thereof
or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate whose income is includable in gross
income for U.S. Federal income tax purposes regardless of its source or (iv) a
trust if a United States court is able to exercise primary supervision over the
administration of such trust and one or more United States fiduciaries have the
authority to control all substantial decisions of such trust. The discussion is
based on current law and is for general information only. The discussion
addresses only certain and not all aspects of U.S. Federal income and estate
taxation.
Ordinary Dividends. The portion of dividends received by Non-U.S.
Holders payable out of AIMCO's earnings and profits which are not attributable
to capital gains of AIMCO and which are not effectively connected with a U.S.
trade or business of the Non-U.S. Holder will be subject to U.S. withholding tax
at the rate of 30% (unless reduced by treaty and the Non-U.S. Holder provides
appropriate documentation regarding its eligibility for treaty benefits). In
general, Non-U.S. Holders will not be considered engaged in a U.S. trade or
business solely as a result of their ownership of AIMCO Class A Common Stock. In
cases where the dividend income from a Non-U.S. Holder's investment in AIMCO
Class A Common Stock is (or is treated as) effectively connected with the
Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a U.S. trade or business, the Non-U.S. Holder
generally will be subject to U.S. tax at graduated rates, in the same manner as
U.S. Holders are taxed with respect to such dividends (and may also be subject
to the 30% branch profits tax in the case of a Non-U.S. Holder that is a
corporation).
Non-Dividend Distributions. Unless AIMCO Class A Common Stock
constitutes a United States Real Property Interest (a "USRPI") within the
meaning of the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980 ("FIRPTA"),
distributions by AIMCO which are not dividends out of the earnings and profits
of AIMCO will not be subject to U.S. income or withholding tax. If it cannot be
determined at the time a distribution is made whether or not such distribution
will be in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, the
distribution will be subject to withholding at the rate applicable to dividends.
However, the Non-U.S. Holder may seek a refund of such amounts from the IRS if
it is subsequently determined that such distribution was, in fact, in excess of
current and accumulated earnings and profits of AIMCO. If AIMCO Class A Common
Stock constitutes a USRPI, such distributions will be subject to 10% withholding
and taxed pursuant to FIRPTA at a rate of 35% to the extent such distributions
exceed a stockholder's basis in his or her AIMCO Class A Common Stock.
Capital Gain Dividends. Under FIRPTA, a distribution made by AIMCO to a
Non-U.S. Holder, to the extent attributable to gains from dispositions of USRPIs
such as the properties beneficially owned by
19
AIMCO ("USRPI Capital Gains"), will be considered effectively connected with a
U.S. trade or business of the Non-U.S. Holder and subject to U.S. income tax at
the rates applicable to U.S. individuals or corporations, without regard to
whether such distribution is designated as a capital gain dividend. In addition,
AIMCO will be required to withhold tax equal to 35% of the amount of dividends
to the extent such dividends constitute USRPI Capital Gains. Distributions
subject to FIRPTA may also be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands
of a Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation.
Dispositions of AIMCO Class A Common Stock. Unless AIMCO Class A Common
Stock constitutes a USRPI, a sale of such stock by a Non-U.S. Holder generally
will not be subject to taxation under FIRPTA. The AIMCO Class A Common Stock
will not constitute a USRPI if AIMCO is a "domestically controlled REIT." A
domestically controlled REIT is a REIT in which, at all times during specified
testing periods, less than 50% in value of its shares is held directly or
indirectly by Non-U.S. Holders. AIMCO believes that it is, and it expects to
continue to be, a domestically controlled REIT. If AIMCO is, and continues to
be, a domestically controlled REIT, the sale of AIMCO Class A Common Stock
should not be subject to taxation under FIRPTA. Because most classes of stock of
AIMCO are publicly traded, however, no assurance can be given that AIMCO is or
will continue to be a domestically controlled REIT.
Even if AIMCO does not constitute a domestically controlled REIT, a
Non-U.S. Holder's sale of AIMCO Class A Common Stock generally will still not be
subject to tax under FIRPTA as a sale of a USRPI provided that:
o the stock is "regularly traded" (as defined by applicable
Regulations) on an established securities market (e.g., the
NYSE, on which AIMCO Class A Common Stock is listed) and
o the selling Non-U.S. Holder held 5% or less of such class of
AIMCO Class A Common Stock at all times during a specified
testing period.
If gain on the sale of AIMCO Class A Common Stock were subject to
taxation under FIRPTA, the Non-U.S. Holder would be subject to the same
treatment as a U.S. stockholder with respect to such gain (subject to applicable
alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of
nonresident alien individuals) and the purchaser of the stock could be required
to withhold 10% of the purchase price and remit such amount to the IRS.
Gain from the sale of AIMCO Class A Common Stock that would not
otherwise be subject to taxation under FIRPTA will nonetheless be taxable in the
United States to a Non-U.S. Holder in two cases. First, if the Non-U.S. Holder's
investment in the AIMCO Class A Common Stock is effectively connected with a
U.S. trade or business conducted by such Non-U.S. Holder, the Non-U.S. Holder
will be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. stockholder with respect to such
gain. Second, if the Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual who was
present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and
has a "tax home" in the United States, the nonresident alien individual will be
subject to a 30% tax on the individual's capital gain.
Estate Tax. AIMCO Class A Common Stock owned or treated as owned by an
individual who is not a citizen or resident (as specially defined for U.S.
Federal estate tax purposes) of the United States at the time of death will be
includible in the individual's gross estate for U.S. Federal estate tax
purposes, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise. Such
individual's estate may be subject to U.S. Federal estate tax on the property
includable in the estate for U.S. Federal estate tax purposes.
INFORMATION REPORTING REQUIREMENTS AND BACKUP WITHHOLDING
AIMCO will report to its U.S. stockholders and to the IRS the amount of
distributions paid during each calendar year, and the amount of tax withheld, if
any. Under the backup withholding rules, a stockholder may be subject to backup
withholding at the rate of 31% with respect to distributions paid unless such
holder (i) is a corporation or comes within certain other exempt categories and,
when required, demonstrates this fact or (ii) provides a taxpayer identification
number, certifies as to no loss of exemption from backup withholding, and
otherwise complies with the applicable requirements of the backup withholding
rules. A stockholder who does not provide AIMCO with his correct taxpayer
identification number also may be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. Any
amount paid as backup withholding will be creditable against the stockholder's
income tax liability. In addition, AIMCO may be required to
20
withhold a portion of capital gain distributions to any Non-U.S. Holders. The
IRS has issued final Treasury Regulations regarding the withholding, backup
withholding and information reporting rules as applied to Non-U.S. Holders.
Prospective investors in securities should consult their tax advisors regarding
the application of these Treasury Regulations.
TAXATION OF TAX-EXEMPT STOCKHOLDERS
Tax-exempt entities, including qualified employee pension and profit
sharing trusts and individual retirement accounts ("Exempt Organizations"),
generally are exempt from Federal income taxation. However, they are subject to
taxation on their unrelated business taxable income ("UBTI"). The IRS has
privately ruled that dividend distributions from a REIT to an exempt employee
pension trust do not constitute UBTI, provided that the shares of the REIT are
not otherwise used in an unrelated trade or business of the exempt employee
pension trust. Based on that ruling, AIMCO believes that amounts distributed by
AIMCO to Exempt Organizations should generally not constitute UBTI. However, if
an Exempt Organization finances its acquisition of AIMCO Class A Common Stock
with debt, a portion of its income from AIMCO will constitute UBTI pursuant to
the "debt-financed property" rules. Furthermore, social clubs, voluntary
employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts, and
qualified group legal services plans that are exempt from taxation under
paragraphs (7), (9), (17) and (20), respectively, of Section 501(c) of the Code
are subject to different UBTI rules, which generally will require them to
characterize distributions from AIMCO as UBTI. In addition, in certain
circumstances, a pension trust that owns more than 10% of AIMCO's stock is
required to treat a percentage of the dividends from AIMCO as UBTI (the "UBTI
Percentage"). The UBTI Percentage is the gross income derived by AIMCO from an
unrelated trade or business (determined as if AIMCO were a pension trust)
divided by the gross income of AIMCO for the year in which the dividends are
paid. The UBTI rule applies to a pension trust holding more than 10% of AIMCO's
stock only if:
o the UBTI Percentage is at least 5%,
o AIMCO qualifies as a REIT by reason of the modification of the
5/50 Rule that allows the beneficiaries of the pension trust
to be treated as holding shares of AIMCO in proportion to
their actuarial interest in the pension trust, and
o either (A) one pension trust owns more than 25% of the value
of AIMCO's stock or (B) a group of pension trusts each
individually holding more than 10% of the value of AIMCO's
stock collectively owns more than 50% of the value of AIMCO's
stock.
The restrictions on ownership and transfer of AIMCO's stock should
prevent an Exempt Organization from owning more than 10% of the value of AIMCO's
stock.
LEGISLATIVE OR OTHER ACTIONS AFFECTING REITS
The rules dealing with Federal income taxation are constantly under
review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the
U.S. Treasury Department. Changes to the Federal laws and interpretations
thereof could adversely affect an investment in AIMCO or the AIMCO operating
partnership. Congress recently enacted legislation, generally effective in 2001,
that, among other things:
o modifies the current ownership limitations to permit a REIT to
own up to 100% of the voting securities and 100% of the value
of the other interests in a taxable REIT subsidiary. In
addition, the 5% REIT asset test would not apply to taxable
REIT subsidiaries, but securities of taxable REIT subsidiaries
could not exceed 20% of the total value of a REIT's assets;
o permits a taxable REIT subsidiary to perform services to a
REIT's tenants and imposes a 100% excise tax on certain
non-arms length transactions between a taxable REIT subsidiary
and a REIT;
o disallows REIT status where healthcare or lodging facilities
are operated or managed by a taxable REIT subsidiary,
beginning in 2001;
21
o generally restrict a REIT from owning more than 10% of the
vote or value of the securities of an issuer, including a
partnership (taking into account only the partnership's debt
securities), an individual or a non-REIT C corporation that is
not a taxable REIT subsidiary;
o imposes certain limitations to the deductibility of interest
paid by a taxable REIT subsidiary to a related REIT;
o allow a REIT to rent up to 10% of a property to a taxable REIT
subsidiary and generally have the rent qualify as good income
for purposes of the REIT gross income tests; and
o change the measurement of rent attributable to personal
property leased in connection with a lease of real property
from a comparison based on adjusted tax bases of properties to
a comparison of fair market values.
We cannot predict whether, when, in what form, or with what effective
dates, other legislative proposals applicable to AIMCO or its stockholders will
become law or if the tax laws applicable to AIMCO, or an investment in AIMCO,
will be changed.
STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAXES
The AIMCO operating partnership and its partners and AIMCO and its
stockholders may be subject to state, local or foreign taxation in various
jurisdictions, including those in which it or they transact business, own
property or reside. The state, local or foreign tax treatment of the AIMCO
operating partnership and its partners and AIMCO and its stockholders may not
conform to the Federal income tax consequences discussed above. Consequently,
prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the
application and effect of state, local and foreign tax laws on an investment in
the AIMCO operating partnership or AIMCO.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and
other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any document we file at
the SEC's public reference rooms at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C.
20549 and in New York, New York and Chicago, Illinois. Please call the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms. Our SEC
filings are also available to the public at the SEC's web site at
http://www.sec.gov. Our Securities Exchange Act of 1934 filing number is
1-13232.
The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" the information we file
with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by
referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is
considered to be part of this prospectus, and later information filed with the
SEC will update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the
documents listed below, any of such documents filed since the date this
registration statement was filed and any future filings with the SEC under
Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 until
the offering is completed.
o Apartment Investment and Management Company's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001;
o Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Shareholders of
Apartment Investment and Management Company to be held on
April 26, 2002;
o Apartment Investment and Management Company's Current Reports
on Form 8-K, dated February 22, 2002 (filed February 25,
2002); March 11, 2002 (filed March 13, 2002); March 19, 2002
(filed March 20, 2002); March 20, 2002 (filed March 20, 2002);
and March 25, 2002 (filed March 26, 2002); and
22
o the description of Apartment Investment and Management
Company's capital stock contained in its Registration
Statement on Form 8-A (File No. 1-13232) filed July 19, 1994,
including any amendment or reports filed for the purpose of
updating such description.
You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or
calling us at the following address and telephone number:
Corporate Secretary Apartment Investment and Management Company
Colorado Center, Tower Two 2000 South Colorado Boulevard, Suite 2-1000 Denver,
Colorado 80222 (303) 757-8101.
You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or
provided in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with
different information. The selling stockholders named herein are not making an
offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. You
should not assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate as of any
date other than the date on the front of the document.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters will be passed upon for AIMCO by Skadden, Arps,
Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, Los Angeles, California. The validity of the Class A
Common Stock offered hereby will be passed upon for AIMCO by Piper Marbury
Rudnick & Wolfe LLP, Baltimore, Maryland.
23
EXPERTS
Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, have audited AIMCO's
consolidated financial statements and schedule included in AIMCO's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001, as set forth in their report,
which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. These financial
statements and schedule are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst &
Young LLP's report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and
auditing.
II-1
PART II INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 14. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTIONS.
The estimated expenses, other than underwriting discounts and
commissions, in connection with the offering of the Class A Common Stock, are as
follows:
Registration Fee -- Securities and Exchange Commission $19,357.93
Printing and Engraving Expenses 10,000.00
Legal Fees and Expenses 25,000.00
Accounting Fees and Expenses 25,000.00
Miscellaneous 5,000.00
----------
Total $84,357.93
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
AIMCO's charter limits the liability of AIMCO's directors and officers
to AIMCO and its stockholders to the fullest extent permitted from time to time
by Maryland law. Maryland law presently permits the liability of directors and
officers to a corporation or its stockholders for money damages to be limited,
except (i) to the extent that it is proved that the director or officer actually
received an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services for the
amount of the benefit or profit in money, property or services actually
received, or (ii) if a judgment or other final adjudication is entered in a
proceeding based on a finding that the director's or officer's action, or
failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was
material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding. This provision
does not limit the ability of the Company or its stockholders to obtain other
relief, such as an injunction or rescission.
AIMCO's charter and bylaws require AIMCO to indemnify its directors,
officers and certain other parties to the fullest extent permitted from time to
time by Maryland law. The Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation
to indemnify its directors, officers and certain other parties against
judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually
incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a
party by reason of their service to or at the request of the corporation, unless
it is established that (i) the act or omission of the indemnified party was
material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (x) was committed in
bad faith or (y) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (ii) the
indemnified party actually received an improper personal benefit in money,
property or services or (iii) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the
indemnified party had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was
unlawful. Indemnification may be made against judgments, penalties, fines,
settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by the director or officer
in connection with the proceeding; provided, however, that if the proceeding is
one by or in the right of the corporation, indemnification may not be made with
respect to any proceeding in which the director or officer has been adjudged to
be liable to the corporation. In addition, a director or officer may not be
indemnified with respect to any proceeding charging improper personal benefit to
the director or officer in which the director or officer was adjudged to be
liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. The
termination of any proceeding by conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere
or its equivalent, or an entry of any order of probation prior to judgment,
creates a rebuttable presumption that the director or officer did not meet the
requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted. It
is the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission that indemnification
of directors and officers for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is
against public policy and is unenforceable pursuant to Section 14 of the
Securities Act.
The Company has entered into agreements with certain of its officers,
pursuant to which the Company has agreed to indemnify such officers to the
fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
The Agreement of Limited Partnership (the "Operating Partnership
Agreement") of the AIMCO operating partnership also provides for indemnification
of AIMCO, or any director or officer of AIMCO, in its capacity as the previous
general partner of the AIMCO operating partnership, from and against all
II-2
losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including
legal fees), fines, settlements and other amounts incurred in connection with
any actions relating to the operations of the AIMCO operating partnership, as
set forth in the operating partnership Agreement.
Section 11.6 of the Apartment Investment and Management Company 1997
Stock Award and Incentive Plan (the "1997 Plan"),
Section 2.8 of the Amended and Restated Apartment Investment and
Management Company Non-Qualified Employee Stock Option Plan (the "Non-Qualified
Plan"), Section 2.8 of the Apartment Investment and Management Company 1996
Stock Award and Incentive Plan (the "1996 Plan"), and Section 6.7 of the 1994
Stock Option Plan of Apartment Investment and Management Company (the "1994
Plan") specifically provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, each
of the members of the Board of Directors of AIMCO (the "Board"), the
Compensation Committee of the Board and each of the directors, officers and
employees of AIMCO, any AIMCO subsidiary, the AIMCO operating partnership and
any subsidiary of the AIMCO operating partnership shall be held harmless and
indemnified by AIMCO for any liability, loss (including amounts paid in
settlement), damages or expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) suffered
by virtue of any determinations, acts or failures to act, or alleged acts or
failures to act, in connection with the administration of the 1997 Plan, the
Non-Qualified Plan, the 1996 Plan or the 1994 Plan, as the case may be, so long
as such person is not determined by a final adjudication to be guilty of willful
misconduct with respect to such determination, action or failure to act.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS.
4.1 Specimen certificate for Class A Common Stock (incorporated by
reference from AIMCO's Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on July
19, 1994).
5.1 Opinion of Piper Marbury Rudnick & Wolfe LLP.
8.1 Opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP.
23.1 Consent of Piper Marbury Rudnick & Wolfe LLP (included in their opinion
filed as Exhibit 5.1).
23.2 Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (included in their
opinion filed as Exhibit 8.1).
23.3 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Denver, Colorado, dated April 3, 2002.
24.1 Power of Attorney (included on page II-5).
----------
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS.
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a
post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i) To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the
Securities Act of 1933;
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the
effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth
in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any
increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total
dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was
registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated
maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed
with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the
II-3
changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the
maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of
Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement;
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of
distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or
any material change to such information in the registration statement;
provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) shall not
apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3, Form S-8 or Form
F-3, and the information required to be included in a post-effective
amendment by those paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed
with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that
are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a
new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein,
and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any
of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of
determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing
of the registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing
of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by
reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and
the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
initial bona fide offering thereof.
(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling
persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or
otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against
public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid
by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the
successful defense of any action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by
such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the
securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion
of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent,
submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such
indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act
and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
II-4
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of the requirements for filing on this Form S-3 and has duly caused this
Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized, in the City of Denver, State of Colorado, on the 8th day of
April 2002.
APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
/s/ PETER KOMPANIEZ
---------------------------------
By: Peter K. Kompaniez
President and Vice Chairman
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Each person whose signature appears below authorizes Peter Kompaniez
and Paul J. McAuliffe, and each of them, each of whom may act without joinder of
the other, as his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power
of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in
any and all capacities to execute in the name of each such person who is then an
officer or director of Apartment Investment and Management Company, and to file
any amendments (including post effective amendments) to this Registration
Statement and any registration statement for the same offering filed pursuant to
Rule 462 under the Securities Act of 1933, and to file the same, with all
exhibits thereto and all other documents in connection therewith, with the
Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and
authority to do and perform each and every act and thing appropriate or
necessary to be done, as fully and for all intents and purposes as he might or
could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said
attorneys-in-fact and agents or their substitute or substitutes may lawfully do
or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement on Form S-3 has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
/s/ TERRY CONSIDINE Chairman of the Board and Chief April 4, 2002
---------------------------- Executive Officer (Principal
Terry Considine Executive Officer)
/s/ PETER K. KOMPANIEZ Vice Chairman, President and April 4, 2002
---------------------------- Director
Peter K. Kompaniez
/s/ PAUL J. MCAULIFFE Executive Vice President Capital April 4, 2002
---------------------------- Markets and Chief Financial
Paul J. McAuliffe Officer
/s/ THOMAS C. NOVOSEL Senior Vice President and Chief April 4, 2002
---------------------------- Accounting Officer
Thomas C. Novosel
Director April, 2002
----------------------------
James N. Bailey
/s/ RICHARD S. ELLWOOD Director April 4, 2002
----------------------------
Richard S. Ellwood
/s/ J. LANDIS MARTIN Director April 4, 2002
----------------------------
J. Landis Martin
/s/ THOMAS L. RHODES Director April 4, 2002
----------------------------
Thomas L. Rhodes
II-5
EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------- -----------
4.1 Specimen certificate for Class A Common Stock (incorporated by
reference from AIMCO's Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on July
19, 1994).
5.1 Opinion of Piper Marbury Rudnick & Wolfe LLP.
8.1 Opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP.
23.1 Consent of Piper Marbury Rudnick & Wolfe LLP (included in their opinion
filed as Exhibit 5.1).
23.2 Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (included in their
opinion filed as Exhibit 8.1).
23.3 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Denver, Colorado, dated April 3, 2002.
24.1 Power of Attorney (included on page II-5).