form10q.htm

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2011.
or
 
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             .
Commission File Number: 001-34779
 
 
HIGHER ONE HOLDINGS, INC.
 (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
 
 
     
Delaware
 
26-3025501
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
25 Science Park
New Haven, CT 06511
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(203) 776-7776
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
N/A
(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, If Changes Since Last Report)
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   x     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   x    No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” or “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one).
             
Large accelerated filer
 
¨
  
Accelerated filer
 
¨
       
Non-accelerated filer
 
x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller reporting company
 
¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of October 31, 2011 there were 56,491,158 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding.
 
 


 
 
 
 

 
 


HIGHER ONE HOLDINGS, INC.
INDEX TO REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2011


Page 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
As used herein, the terms “we,” “us,” “our” or “Higher One,” unless the context otherwise requires, mean Higher One Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
 
 

 
 
 

 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 

 

 


 
 
 
1

 



 
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.                                Financial Statements (unaudited)

Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
 (In thousands of dollars, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
   
December 31,
   
September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
 
             
Assets
           
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
34,484
   
$
33,442
 
Investments in marketable securities
   
14,697
     
17,889
 
Accounts receivable
   
2,622
     
5,534
 
Income receivable
   
3,719
     
6,293
 
Deferred tax assets
   
48
     
38
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
6,981
     
8,291
 
Restricted cash
   
8,250
     
 
Total current assets
   
70,801
     
71,487
 
Deferred costs
   
3,782
     
3,398
 
Fixed assets, net
   
9,919
     
37,643
 
Intangible assets, net
   
18,456
     
16,153
 
Goodwill
   
15,830
     
15,830
 
Other assets
   
653
     
1,787
 
Deferred tax assets
   
     
1,950
 
Restricted cash
   
     
1,075
 
Total assets
 
$
119,441
   
$
149,323
 
                 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
 
$
3,063
   
$
2,487
 
Accrued expenses
   
11,786
     
22,097
 
Acquisition payable
   
8,250
     
 
Deferred revenue
   
7,974
     
10,646
 
Total current liabilities
   
31,073
     
35,230
 
Deferred revenue
   
2,051
     
2,143
 
Deferred tax liabilities
   
2,926
     
 
Total liabilities
   
36,050
     
37,373
 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
               
                 
Stockholders' equity:
               
    Common stock, $0.001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 56,109,234 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010; 57,328,795 shares issued and 56,385,246 shares outstanding at September 30, 2011
   
56
     
57
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
136,760
     
155,298
 
Treasury stock, 943,549 shares at September 30, 2011
   
     
(14,244
)
Accumulated deficit, net of 2008 stock tender transaction of $93,933
   
(53,425
)
   
(29,161
)
Total stockholders' equity
   
83,391
     
111,950
 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
 
$
119,441
   
$
149,323
 
 
 
 
See notes to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 
 


 
 
 
2

 


 


 
 Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands of dollars, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)

 
   
Three Months
   
Nine Months
 
   
Ended September 30,
   
Ended September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
 
Revenue:
                       
Account revenue
 
$
28,221
   
$
35,800
   
$
81,695
   
$
105,500
 
Payment transaction revenue
   
5,496
     
6,603
     
12,011
     
13,988
 
Higher education institution revenue
   
3,528
     
4,595
     
8,949
     
12,696
 
Other revenue
   
1,321
     
1,142
     
2,531
     
2,406
 
Total revenue
   
38,566
     
48,140
     
105,186
     
134,590
 
Cost of revenue
   
14,390
     
19,630
     
37,328
     
50,486
 
Gross margin
   
24,176
     
28,510
     
67,858
     
84,104
 
Operating expenses:
                               
General and administrative
   
8,278
     
9,415
     
23,861
     
28,202
 
Product development
   
762
     
1,158
     
2,524
     
2,838
 
Sales and marketing
   
4,356
     
4,698
     
13,776
     
16,863
 
Total operating expenses
   
13,396
     
15,271
     
40,161
     
47,903
 
Income from operations
   
10,780
     
13,239
     
27,697
     
36,201
 
Interest income
   
10
     
15
     
13
     
51
 
Interest expense
   
(84
)
   
(66
)
   
(560
   
(196
Other income
   
     
     
     
1,500
 
Net income before income taxes
   
10,706
     
13,188
     
27,150
     
37,556
 
Income tax expense
   
4,277
     
4,720
     
10,628
     
13,292
 
Net income
 
$
6,429
   
$
8,468
   
$
16,522
   
$
24,264
 
  
                               
Net income available to common stockholders:
                               
Basic 
 
$
6,429
   
$
8,468
   
$
8,543
   
$
24,264
 
Participating Securities 
   
     
     
7,979
     
 
Diluted 
 
$
6,429
   
$
8,468
   
$
16,522
   
$
24,264
 
                                 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
                               
    Basic
   
53,987,601
     
55,470,457
     
26,370,541
     
55,154,973
 
    Diluted
   
59,154,446
     
59,789,977
     
56,661,610
     
59,694,242
 
                                 
Net income available to common stockholders per common share:
                               
Basic 
 
$
0.12
   
$
0.15
   
$
0.32
   
$
0.44
 
Diluted 
 
$
0.11
   
$
0.14
   
$
0.29
   
$
0.41
 
 

 
 
See notes to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 


 
 
 
3

 


Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
 (In thousands of dollars, except shares)
(unaudited)
                                     
                                     
               
Additional
               
Total
 
   
Common Stock
   
Paid-in
   
Treasury
   
Accumulated
   
Stockholders'
 
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Capital
   
Stock
   
Deficit
   
Equity
 
Balance at December 31, 2010
   
56,109,234
   
$
56
   
$
136,760
   
$
   
$
(53,425
)
 
$
83,391
 
Stock-based compensation
   
     
     
3,049
     
     
     
3,049
 
Stock-based customer acquisition expense
   
     
     
9,233
     
     
     
9,233
 
Tax benefit related to options
   
     
     
5,274
     
     
     
5,274
 
Repurchase of common stock
   
(943,549
)
   
     
     
(14,244
)
   
     
(14,244
)
Exercise of stock options
   
1,219,561
     
1
     
982
     
     
     
983
 
Net income
   
     
     
     
     
24,264
     
24,264
 
Balance at September 30, 2011
   
56,385,246
   
$
57
   
$
155,298
   
$
(14,244
)
 
$
(29,161
)
 
$
111,950
 

 

 

 

 

 
 
See notes to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
 

 


 
 
 
4

 


Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
 (In thousands of dollars)
(unaudited)

 
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
 
Cash flows from operating activities
           
Net income
 
$
16,522
   
$
24,264
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash  provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
   
5,321
     
5,204
 
Amortization of deferred finance costs
   
153
     
54
 
Non-cash interest expense
   
258
     
 
Stock-based customer acquisition expense
   
6,988
     
9,233
 
Stock-based compensation
   
2,184
     
3,049
 
Deferred income taxes
   
(4,024
)
   
(4,866
)
Gain on litigation settlement agreement
   
     
(1,500
)
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
   
     
343
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable
   
(1,669
)
   
(2,912
)
Income receivable
   
(1,057
)
   
(2,574
)
Deferred costs
   
(1,917
)
   
(645
)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
(822
)
   
(1,310
)
Other assets
   
(109
)
   
(9
)
Accounts payable
   
(115
)
   
(576
)
Accrued expenses
   
1,188
     
816
 
Deferred revenue
   
4,140
     
2,764
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
27,041
     
31,335
 
Cash flows from investing activities
               
Purchases of available for sale investment securities
   
(20,818
)
   
(11,192
)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of available for sale investment securities
   
6,080
     
8,000
 
Purchases of fixed assets, net of changes in construction payables of $0 and $9,410, respectively
   
(5,899
)
   
(21,623
)
Payment to escrow agent
   
(8,250
)
   
(1,075
)
Proceeds from escrow agent
   
     
1,500
 
Payment of acquisition payable
   
(1,750
)
   
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(30,637
)
   
(24,390
)
Cash flows from financing activities
               
Tax benefit related to exercise of stock options
   
2,170
     
5,274
 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
   
817
     
983
 
Repurchase of common stock
   
     
(14,244
)
Repayments of line of credit
   
(22,000
)
   
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
   
37,209
     
 
Proceeds from line of credit
   
4,000
     
 
Repayment of capital lease obligations
   
(7
)
   
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
22,189
     
(7,987
)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
   
18,593
     
(1,042
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
3,339
     
34,484
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
21,932
   
$
33,442
 


See notes to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 


 
 
 
5

 
Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)




1.  
Nature of Business and Organization

Higher One Holdings, Inc. is incorporated in Delaware and provides a comprehensive suite of disbursement and payment solutions specifically designed for higher education institutions and their students. We have developed proprietary software-based solutions to provide these services.  Higher One Holdings, Inc. has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Higher One, Inc., or HOI, which has three wholly-owned subsidiaries: Higher One Machines, Inc., or HOMI; Higher One Payments, Inc., or HOPI; and Higher One Real Estate, Inc., or Real Estate Inc. Real Estate Inc. has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Higher One Real Estate SP, LLC, or Real Estate LLC. HOMI owns and manages our cash disbursement machines and home-based customer service agent services. HOPI is the acquired entity formerly known as Informed Decisions Corporation d/b/a CASHNet that provides payment solutions and services. Real Estate Inc. and Real Estate LLC were formed for purposes related to our real estate development project discussed in Note 4 below.

2.  
Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related interim information contained within the notes to such condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, and the applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, for interim information and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a consistent basis with the audited consolidated financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, and in the opinion of management, include all normal recurring adjustments that are necessary for the fair statement of our interim period results reported herein.  The December 31, 2010 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.  Due to seasonal fluctuations and other factors, the results of operations for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect our financial position and results of operations, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from management’s estimates.

Basic and Diluted Net Income Available to Common Stockholders per Common Share

As discussed in Note 6 below, on June 22, 2010, we consummated an initial public offering of common stock. Had we made a distribution to stockholders prior to the initial public offering, all classes of preferred stock would have participated pro rata in dividends if and when we declared a dividend. Therefore, the two class method of calculating basic net income per common share was applied for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. Upon completion of the initial public offering, all classes of preferred stock converted to common shares. As a result, the two class method does not apply to the three months ended September 30, 2010 or the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2011.

Basic net income per common share excludes dilution for potential common stock issuances and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period.  Diluted net income per common share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.  For the calculation of diluted net income per common share, the basic weighted-average number of shares is increased by the dilutive effect of restricted stock and stock options using the treasury-stock method.  The treasury-stock method assumes that the options or warrants are exercised at the beginning of the year (or date of issue if later), and that the company uses those proceeds to purchase common stock for treasury at the average price for the reporting period.


 
 
 
6

 
Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)



The dilutive effect of stock options totaling 951,748 and 1,057,115 were not included in the computation of diluted net income per common share for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively, as their effect would be anti-dilutive. The dilutive effect of stock options totaling 951,748 and 1,057,115 were not included in the computation of diluted net income per common share for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively, as their effect would be anti-dilutive. Anti-dilutive securities are securities that upon conversion or exercise increase earnings per share (or reduce the loss per share). Restricted stock shares totaling 1,727,865 and 1,152,933 were not included in the computation of either basic or diluted earnings per share as all necessary conditions for vesting have not been satisfied by the end of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively.

Comprehensive Income

There are no comprehensive income items other than net income. There are no recorded unrealized gains or losses on the investments in marketable securities as of the balance sheet dates.  Comprehensive income equals net income for all periods presented.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements – Standards Implemented

We adopted each of the following standards on January 1, 2011.  The adoption of these standards did not have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial position.  There was no material impact to our units of accounting, the way in which we allocate consideration to various units of accounting or changes in the pattern or timing of revenue recognition.

In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2009-13 “Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements.” This ASU establishes the accounting and reporting guidance for arrangements including multiple revenue-generating activities. This ASU provides amendments to the criteria for separating deliverables, measuring and allocating arrangement consideration to one or more units of accounting. The amendments in this ASU also establish a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable. Significantly enhanced disclosures are also required to provide information about a vendor’s multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements, including information about the nature and terms, significant deliverables, and its performance within arrangements. The amendments also require providing information about the significant judgments made and changes to those judgments and about how the application of the relative selling-price method affects the timing or amount of revenue recognition. The amendments in this ASU were effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in the fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010.
 
In October 2009, the FASB issued ASU No. 2009-14, “Certain Revenue Arrangements That Include Software Elements.” This ASU changes the accounting model for revenue arrangements that include both tangible products and software elements that are essential to the functionality of the product, and scopes these products out of current software revenue guidance. The new guidance includes factors to help companies determine what software elements are considered essential to the functionality of the product. The amendments subject software-enabled products to other revenue guidance and disclosure requirements, such as guidance surrounding revenue arrangements with multiple-deliverables. The amendments in this ASU were effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in the fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010.

In April 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-17, “Milestone Method of Revenue Recognition,” which indicates the criteria that should be met for determining whether the milestone method of revenue recognition is appropriate. Companies can recognize consideration that is contingent upon achievement of a milestone in its entirety as revenue in the period in which the milestone is achieved only if the milestone meets all criteria to be considered substantive. This ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements – New Standards to be Implemented

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Testing Goodwill for Impairment,” which permits an entity to make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value before applying the two-step goodwill impairment model that is currently in place. If it is determined through the qualitative assessment that a reporting unit’s fair value is more likely than not greater than its carrying value, the remaining impairment steps would be unnecessary. The qualitative assessment is optional, allowing companies to go directly to the quantitative assessment. This update is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011; however early adoption is permitted. We plan to adopt this standard for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2011 and do not expect the standard to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.


 
 
 
7

 
Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)


 
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220)—Presentation of Comprehensive Income,” which requires an entity to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. This accounting standard update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of equity and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011.  The FASB has announced that certain aspects of this update may be delayed; however as issued in June 2011, this accounting standard update is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements as we do not currently have any items recorded in other comprehensive income.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, “Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards,” which provides a consistent definition of fair value and ensures that the fair value measurement and disclosure requirements are similar between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. ASU 2011-04 changes certain fair value measurement principles and enhances the disclosure requirements particularly for level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. We believe there will be no significant impact on our consolidated financial statements as a result of adopting ASU 2011-04.

In December 2010, the FASB issued amended guidance to clarify the acquisition date that should be used for reporting pro-forma financial information for business combinations. If comparative financial statements are presented, the pro-forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the comparable prior reporting period should be reported as though the acquisition date for all business combinations that occurred during the current year had been completed as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period. The amendments in this guidance are effective prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2011. There will be no impact on our consolidated financial results as the amendments relate only to additional disclosures.

In December 2010, the FASB issued amendments to the guidance on goodwill impairment testing. The amendments modify step 1 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. For those reporting units, an entity is required to perform step 2 of the goodwill impairment test if it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. In making such a determination, the guidance states that an entity should consider whether there are any adverse qualitative factors indicating that an impairment may exist. The amendments are effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning January 1, 2011 and are not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

3.  
Investments in Marketable Securities and Fair Value Measurements

As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, all of our investments in marketable securities were classified as available for sale.  Amortized cost basis was equal to aggregate fair value for each of the major security types as reflected in the table below. We had no recorded unrealized gains or losses from investments as of December 31, 2010 and September 30, 2011.  The contractual maturities of our available for sale securities ranged from one to twelve months as of September 30, 2011.

All of our assets carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis are valued based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1).  We do not have any liabilities carried at fair value as of either September 30, 2011 or December 31, 2010. The following table provides the assets carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 (in thousands of dollars):

Fair values at September 30, 2011
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
 
Assets:
     
   U.S. government debt securities
 
$
16,888
 
   Corporate debt securities                                                  
   
1,001
 
Total assets                                                  
 
$
17,889
 
         
Fair values at December 31, 2010
     
Assets:
       
   U.S. government debt securities
 
$
13,695
 
   Corporate debt securities                                                  
   
1,002
 
Total assets                                                  
 
$
14,697
 
 
 
 
 
8

 
Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)




4.  
Real Estate Development Project

As of September 30, 2011, we have incurred approximately $27.3 million on a project to develop two existing commercial buildings located in New Haven, Connecticut.  We will move into these buildings at the completion of the project, which is expected to be in late 2011 or early 2012.  In connection with the real estate development project, HOI and Real Estate LLC entered into an agreement with the Connecticut Development Authority that provides for sales and use tax relief for property purchases made for the project.  The total amount of potential sales and use tax relief is $1.0 million.  The conditions of the sales and use tax agreement require repayment to the Connecticut Development Authority of the actual amount of sales and use tax savings plus an additional 7.5% if HOI fails to meet certain criteria.  In accordance with this obligation, we deposited $1.1 million into an escrow account in February 2011, which is reflected on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as noncurrent restricted cash.

5.  
Credit Facility

On December 31, 2010, HOI entered into a senior secured revolving credit facility, or the Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2011, $50.0 million in borrowings were available to us under the Credit Facility and we were in compliance with all of the applicable affirmative, negative and financial covenants in the Credit Facility.  The amount available to be drawn under the Credit Facility may be increased by an additional $50.0 million upon our request and the agreement of the lenders party to the Credit Facility.
 
6.  
Capital Stock

Initial Public Offering

On June 22, 2010, we consummated an initial public offering of 3,569,395 shares of newly issued common stock and 6,780,605 shares offered by selling stockholders. The aggregate public offering price of the offering amount registered was $124.2 million and the offering did not terminate before all of the shares registered in the registration statement were sold. Our proceeds of $37.2 million, net of issuance costs, were used to pay outstanding amounts on our credit facility in effect at that time, make an escrow payment of $8.25 million related to the acquisition payable described in Note 7 below and fund working capital. We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders.

Upon consummation of our initial public offering, 417,049 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock outstanding, 1,086,784 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock outstanding, 2,522,554 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock outstanding, 2,180,633 shares of Series C-1 convertible preferred stock outstanding, 1,313,604 shares of Series D convertible preferred stock outstanding and 5,454,545 shares of Series E convertible preferred stock outstanding were converted into 38,925,507 shares of common stock after giving effect to the 3-for-1 stock split discussed below. Following the consummation of the offering, there were no shares of preferred stock outstanding.

Common Stock

In connection with the initial public offering, we effected a 3-for-1 stock split of the outstanding shares of our common stock that was previously approved by stockholders. All common share amounts and per common share amounts have been adjusted in the financial statements for all periods presented. We are authorized to issue up to 200,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. Each share of common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Common stockholders are not entitled to receive dividends unless declared by the board of directors.

Preferred Stock

We are authorized to issue 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share.  As of December 31, 2010 and September 30, 2011, no shares of preferred stock were issued or outstanding.

Treasury Stock

In August 2011, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $40.0 million of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock through September 7, 2012.  During the three months ended September 30, 2011, we repurchased 943,549 shares of our common stock at a cost of $14.2 million.  All shares repurchased were held in treasury as of September 30, 2011.

 
 
 
9

 
Higher One Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)




7.  
Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time we are subject to litigation relating to matters in the ordinary course of business, as well as regulatory examinations, information gathering requests, inquiries and investigations.

In February 2011, the New York Regional Office of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, notified us that it was prepared to recommend to the Director of FDIC Supervision that an enforcement action be taken against us for alleged violations of certain applicable laws and regulations principally relating to our compliance management system and policies and practices for past overdraft charging on persistently delinquent accounts, collections and transaction error resolution. Any such enforcement action could result in an order to pay restitution and civil money penalties. We have responded to the FDIC’s notification and have amended certain practices. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of regulatory matters, including the FDIC notification, we generally cannot predict what the eventual outcome of pending matters will be or what the timing of the ultimate resolution of these matters will be.  While the process is ongoing, we continue to evaluate various potential courses of action in order to resolve this matter.  The potential courses of action could include increased utilization of external legal counsel to defend our position, voluntarily adopting a program which would provide restitution to current and former customers or continuing to let the current process progress through additional correspondence between us and the FDIC. Our pursuit of any of these courses of action could result in additional costs; however, we currently estimate the potential range of loss associated with these matters to be between $0 and $10 million. An adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to our results of operations or cash flows for any particular reporting period. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, we would establish a liability for litigation and regulatory matters if and when those matters were to present loss contingencies that were both probable and reasonably estimable.

On June 22, 2010, HOI provided notice and a certificate of claim for indemnity under the Stock Purchase Agreement by and among us and the former stockholders of Informed Decisions Corporation, or IDC, dated November 19, 2009, arising from certain misrepresentations and breaches of warranty. At the same time, we deposited $8.25 million, equal to the remaining balance of the post-closing payments, with an escrow agent. Separately, the former stockholders of IDC filed a complaint against HOI in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, or the Complaint, on July 20, 2010, disputing that misrepresentations were made and that warranties were breached; alleging breach of contract and anticipatory breach; and seeking a declaratory judgment ordering that the post-closing payments be made in accordance with the schedule set forth in the stock purchase agreement.

On April 25, 2011, HOI and the former stockholders of IDC agreed to a settlement, the material terms of which are as follows: (a) $2 million of the amount held in escrow, plus pro-rated interest, was to be paid to HOI; (b) $6.25 million of the amount held in escrow, plus pro-rated interest, was to be paid to the former stockholders; and (c) HOI and the former stockholders generally and mutually released each other from all past and future claims, known and unknown, arising out of the stock purchase agreement and related transition services agreements between HOI and each of the former stockholders, relating to the operation or sale of IDC, including all indemnification and payment obligations, with the exception of certain rights, obligations and claims.  The amount held in escrow was distributed to HOI and the former stockholders of IDC in accordance with the terms of the settlement agreement in May 2011.

We recorded the impact of the settlement agreement in the quarter ending June 30, 2011.  The $2 million returned from escrow to us was recorded as other income of $1.5 million, reflecting a payment made under the indemnification provisions of the stock purchase agreement and a reduction of general and administrative expenses of $0.5 million, reflecting the recovery of certain legal costs incurred for the litigation.

In February 2009 and September 2010, HOI filed two separate complaints against TouchNet Information Systems, Inc., or TouchNet, in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut alleging patent infringement related to TouchNet’s offering for sale and sales of its “eRefund” product in violation of one of two of HOI’s patents. In the complaints, HOI sought judgments that TouchNet has infringed two of HOI’s patents, a judgment that TouchNet pay damages and interest on damages to compensate HOI for infringement, an award of HOI’s costs in connection with these actions and an injunction barring TouchNet from further infringing HOI’s patent. TouchNet answered the complaint and asserted a number of defenses and counterclaims, including that it does not infringe HOI’s patent, that HOI’s patent is invalid or unenforceable and certain allegations of unfair competition and state and federal antitrust violations. In addition, TouchNet’s counterclaims sought dismissal of HOI’s claims with prejudice, declaratory judgment that TouchNet does not infringe HOI’s patent and that HOI’s patent is invalid or unenforceable, as well as an award of fees and costs related to the action, and an injunction permanently enjoining HOI from suing TouchNet regarding infringement of HOI’s patent. The parties are currently in the discovery stage of the proceeding. HOI intends to pursue the matter vigorously. There can be no assurances of success in these proceedings.




 
 
 
10

 


Item 2.                                Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes as included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 and information contained elsewhere in such annual report on Form 10-K and in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The discussion contains forward-looking statements involving risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause our results to differ materially from expectations. Factors that might cause these differences include those described under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in the annual report on Form 10-K and in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The forward-looking statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q are made only as of the date of this report. We do not undertake any obligation to update or supplement any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances, except as required by law. We cannot assure you that projected results or events will be achieved or will occur.

Overview

We believe that based on market share and the number of campuses employing our products, we are a leading provider of technology and payment services to the higher education industry. We believe that none of our competitors can match our ability to provide solutions for higher education institutions’ financial services needs, including compliance monitoring, and, consequently, that we provide the most comprehensive suite of disbursement and payment solutions specifically designed for higher education institutions and their students. We also provide campus communities with convenient, cost-competitive and student-oriented banking services, which include extensive user-friendly features.

Our products and services for our higher education institutional clients include our OneDisburse® Refund Management® funds disbursement service and our CASHNet® suite of payment transaction products and services. Through our bank partner, we offer our OneAccount service to the students of our higher education institutional clients, which includes an FDIC-insured deposit account, a OneCard, which is a debit MasterCard® ATM card, and other retail banking services.

As of September 30, 2011, more than 490 campuses serving approximately 4.0 million students had purchased the OneDisburse service.  The number of students served as of September 30, 2011 includes an additional 115 thousand students as a result of overall enrollment growth at these campuses and an increase of 197 thousand students from the level as of June 30, 2011.  We rely on fall enrollment data provided by the U.S. Department of Education Institute of Education Sciences, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, or IPEDS, to count the number of students at our higher education institutional clients.  The IPEDS data is updated annually, usually in our third quarter, to reflect fall enrollments as of the prior year.  Since December 31, 2010, including enrollment growth, we have added a total of 689 thousand students, representing 21.0% growth.  As of September 30, 2011, more than 350 campuses serving approximately 2.6 million students had contracted to use one or more of our CASHNet payment products and services. As of September 30, 2011, there were approximately 2.0 million OneAccounts.  

As we previously reported, on August 8, 2011 we were notified by our bank partner, The Bancorp Bank, of its intention to terminate the services agreement pursuant to which it provides our customers FDIC-insured depository services for the OneAccount checking accounts and other services related to the OneAccount.  Under the terms of the services agreement with The Bancorp Bank, we maintain responsibility for the technology-related aspects of the OneAccounts.  Upon termination of the services agreement, The Bancorp Bank is obligated to transfer the deposits and any related bank identification numbers, routing numbers and other related identifiers used by us in connection with the deposits of its customers and deliver any and all applicable information, account opening contracts and related items.  Pursuant to the notice received, the termination will be effective no later than May 4, 2012, or 270 days after the date of the termination notice, unless the services agreement is otherwise extended or the terms of the termination notice are changed.

We have been in discussions with other potential bank partners throughout 2011 and have increased the pace of such discussions since we received the termination notice described above.  We believe that there is sufficient time for us to transition the services provided by The Bancorp Bank to a different bank partner or partners in the required timeline.  We are also using this transition to further evaluate the manner in which banking services are provided to our OneAccount customers.  See Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

We continue to assess the impact of certain legislative and regulatory changes that have been enacted or made effective that may impact our operations and revenue. Effective July 1, 2010, the Federal Reserve Board amended its regulations implementing the Electronic Funds Transfer Act, or Regulation E, to limit the ability of financial institutions to assess overdraft fees for paying ATM and one-time debit card transactions that overdraw a consumer’s account, unless the consumer affirmatively consents, or opts in, to the institution’s payments of overdrafts for these services. On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or the Act, was signed into law. The Act will change many banking practices over time, however, the scope and impact of many of the Act’s provisions are still being defined through the rule making process. On June 29, 2011, the Federal Reserve issued its final rule implementing the limits on debit card interchange fees and requirements for future routing of transactions required by the Act.  In accordance with the Act, issuers that, together with their affiliates, have less than $10 billion in assets are exempt from these debit card interchange fee limits, although they are subject to the prohibitions on network exclusivity and routing restrictions.  Our current banking partner, The Bancorp Bank, has assets of less than $10 billion and therefore is exempt from the debit card interchange fee cap.  While we do not currently expect the limitation on debit card interchange fees or the provisions relating to network exclusivity and routing restrictions to have a material effect on our results of operations, we will continue to evaluate the Act, the ongoing rule making process and their effect on our business and results of operations.  Our search for potential bank partners is focused on those banks that have assets of less than $10 billion and would therefore also be exempt from the debit card interchange fee limits described above.  See Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

 
11

 
Our revenue fluctuates as a result of seasonal factors related to the academic year. A large proportion of our revenue is either directly or indirectly dependent on academic financial aid received by students. Higher education institutional clients typically disburse financial aid refunds to students at the start of each academic term. Distribution of financial aid disbursements through our OneDisburse service (1) indirectly generates revenue through deposits of financial aid into OneAccounts, which generates account revenue, and (2) directly generates revenue through our higher education institution clients’ use of the OneDisburse service, which generates higher education institution revenue.

While revenue fluctuates over the course of the year, our fixed expenses remain relatively constant, resulting in wide disparities in our net income and adjusted net income from quarter to quarter. Typically, the second quarter accounts for the smallest proportion of our revenues but an equal proportion of certain of our expenses. This is primarily because the majority of financial aid is disbursed during other times of the year and higher education institutions tend to enroll more new students in the third fiscal quarter. We expect that this trend will continue going forward.

As previously disclosed in our annual report of Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2010, the New York Regional Office of the FDIC notified us that it was prepared to recommend to the Director of FDIC Supervision that an enforcement action be taken against us for alleged violations of certain applicable laws and regulations principally relating to our compliance management system and policies and practices for past overdraft charging on persistently delinquent accounts, collections and transaction error resolution. We have responded to the FDIC’s notification, but the process is ongoing and there can be no assurances as to the outcome of this process. While the process is ongoing, we continue to evaluate various potential courses of action in order to resolve this matter.  The potential courses of action could include increased use of outside legal counsel to defend our position, voluntarily adopting a program which would provide restitution to current and former customers or continuing to let the current process progress through additional correspondence between us and the FDIC.  Our pursuit of any of these courses of action could result in additional costs and we currently estimate the potential range of loss associated with these matters to be between $0 and $10 million.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2010 and 2011

The following tables summarize key components of our results of operations for the periods indicated, both in dollars and as a percentage of total revenue:

   
Three Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
$ Change
   
% Change
 
   
(in thousands)
       
Account revenue
 
$
28,221
   
$
35,800
   
$
7,579
     
26.9
%
Payment transaction revenue
   
5,496
     
6,603
     
1,107
     
20.1
%
Higher education institution revenue
   
3,528
     
4,595
     
1,067
     
30.2
%
Other revenue
   
1,321
     
1,142
     
(179
)
   
(13.6
%)
Total revenue
   
38,566
     
48,140
     
9,574
     
24.8
%
Cost of revenue
   
14,390
     
19,630
     
5,240
     
36.4
%
Gross margin
   
24,176
     
28,510
     
4,334
     
17.9
%
General and administrative expense
   
8,278
     
9,415
     
1,137
     
13.7
%
Product development expense
   
762
     
1,158
     
396
     
52.0
%
Sales and marketing expense
   
4,356
     
4,698
     
342
     
7.9
%
Income from operations
   
10,780
     
13,239
     
2,459
     
22.8
%
Interest income
   
10
     
15
     
5
     
50.0
%
Interest expense
   
(84
)
   
(66
)
   
18
     
(21.4
%)
Net income before income taxes
   
10,706
     
13,188
     
2,482
     
23.2
%
Income tax expense
   
4,277
     
4,720
     
443
     
10.4
%
Net income
 
$
6,429
   
$
8,468
   
$
2,039
     
31.7
%
 


 
 
 
12

 



 
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
 
             
Account revenue
   
73.2
%
   
74.4
%
Payment transaction revenue
   
14.3
%
   
13.7
%
Higher education institution revenue
   
9.1
%
   
9.5
%
Other revenue
   
3.4
%
   
2.4
%
Total revenue
   
100.0
%
   
100.0
%
Cost of revenue
   
37.3
%
   
40.8
%
Gross margin
   
62.7
%
   
59.2
%
General and administrative expense
   
21.4
%
   
19.5
%
Product development expense
   
2.0
%
   
2.4
%
Sales and marketing expense
   
11.3
%
   
9.8
%
Income from operations
   
28.0
%
   
27.5
%
Interest income
   
0.0
%
   
0.0
%
Interest expense
   
(0.2
%)
   
(0.1
%)
Other income
   
0.0
%
   
0.0
%
        Income before income taxes
   
27.8
%
   
27.4
%
Income tax expense
   
11.1
%
   
9.8
%
        Net income
   
16.7
%
   
17.6
%


 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2011 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2010

Revenue

Account revenue
The increase in account revenue was primarily due to an increase of 31.0%, or 0.5 million, in the number of OneAccounts from September 30, 2010 to September 30, 2011.  Greater adoption and student enrollments at higher education institutions which were clients as of September 30, 2010 accounted for 76% of the increase in the number of OneAccounts.  The remaining increase was due to students choosing the OneAccount at higher education institutions which became clients after September 30, 2010.  The increase in the number of OneAccounts resulted in increases in interchange fees, ATM fees and other fees that our bank partner remits to us. While our historical experience has been that account revenue generated per OneAccount has been generally stable year over year, with total account revenue generally increasing proportionally with increases in the number of OneAccounts, the implementation of amendments to Regulation E in the third quarter of 2010 decreased the account revenue per OneAccount compared to the same period in the prior year.  We expect future account revenue per OneAccount to be stable on a year over year basis as we have now experienced a full year of impact related to the implementation of amendments to Regulation E.

Payment Transaction Revenue
The increase in payment transaction revenue was primarily due to the inclusion of new higher education institution clients that began utilizing the CASHNet payment module, ePayment, since the three months ended September 30, 2010 as well as an increase in payments processed at higher education institutions that were clients during the three months ended September 30, 2010.
 
Higher Education Institution Revenue
The increase in higher education institution revenue was primarily due to an increase in subscription revenue for our CASHNet suite of payment products.  The increase in subscription revenue is generally due to the increase in number of new modules sold to previously existing higher education institution clients, as well as sales of the CASHNet suite of payment products to new higher education institution clients over the course of the last twelve months.  The increase in higher education institution revenue was also supported by growth in the financial aid disbursement revenues generated by our OneDisburse Refund Management disbursement service.


 
 
 
13

 


Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue is expected generally to increase proportionally with our revenue as many of these costs are variable and associated with either the number of OneAccounts or the dollar volume of transactions processed through our CASHNet payment module.  During the three months ended September 30, 2011, our cost of revenue increased at a higher rate than revenue, which resulted in a lower gross margin compared to the three months ended September 30, 2010.  During the three months ended September 30, 2011, customer service costs and write-offs and the provision for uncollectible fees both increased at higher rates than our revenue growth.

General and Administrative Expense

Although general and administrative expenses continue to increase as our size grows, such expenses are increasing at a lower rate than our revenue growth.  The increase in general and administrative expenses was driven primarily by an increase in professional fees, an increase in depreciation and amortization and also losses recorded on the disposal of ATMs.  The loss on disposal of ATMs is associated with the replacement of a portion of our ATMs during the quarter ended September 30, 2011.  

Product Development Expense

The increase in product development expense was primarily due to increases in personnel costs.

Sales and Marketing Expense

The increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily due to an increase of $0.2 million in non-cash, stock-based sales acquisition expense related to the vesting of certain shares issued in connection with the acquisition of EduCard, LLC due to a higher average share price at the date of vesting.  The expense recorded related to the shares issued in connection with the acquisition of EduCard, LLC can be highly variable from period to period depending on the number of additional shares that vest and the average share price at the time of vesting.  Higher personnel related costs, including stock-based compensation, also contributed to the increase.

Income Tax Expense

The increase in income tax expense was primarily due to the increase in net income before taxes.  The effective tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011 were 39.9% and 35.8%, respectively.  Our effective rate is expected to be between 35% and 37% for the 2011 fiscal year.


 
 
 
14

 

Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2010 and 2011

The following tables summarize key components of our results of operations for the periods indicated, both in dollars and as a percentage of total revenue:
 
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
$ Change
   
% Change
 
   
(In thousands)
       
Account revenue
 
$
81,695
   
$
105,500
   
$
23,805
     
29.1
%
Payment transaction revenue
   
12,011
     
13,988
     
1,977
     
16.5
%
Higher education institution revenue
   
8,949
     
12,696
     
3,747
     
41.9
%
Other revenue
   
2,531
     
2,406
     
(125
)
   
(4.9
%)
Total revenue
   
105,186
     
134,590
     
29,404
     
28.0
%
Cost of revenue
   
37,328
     
50,486
     
13,158
     
35.2
%
Gross margin
   
67,858
     
84,104
     
16,246
     
23.9
%
General and administrative expenses
   
23,861
     
28,202
     
4,341
     
18.2
%
Product development expenses
   
2,524
     
2,838
     
314
     
12.4
%
Sales and marketing expenses
   
13,776
     
16,863
     
3,087
     
22.4
%
Income from operations
   
27,697
     
36,201
     
8,504
     
30.7
%
Interest income
   
13
     
51
     
38
     
292.3
%
Interest expense
   
(560
)
   
(196
)
   
364
     
(65.0
%)
Other income
   
-
     
1,500
     
1,500
     
100.0
%
Net income before income taxes
   
27,150
     
37,556
     
10,406
     
38.3
%
Income tax expense
   
10,628
     
13,292
     
2,664
     
25.1
%
Net income
 
$
16,522
   
$
24,264
   
$
7,742
     
46.9
%
 

 
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
 
             
Account revenue
   
77.7
%
   
78.4
%
Payment transaction revenue
   
11.4
%
   
10.4
%
Higher education institution revenue
   
8.5
%
   
9.4
%
Other revenue
   
2.4
%
   
1.8
%
Total revenue
   
100.0
%
   
100.0
%
Cost of revenue
   
35.5
%
   
37.5
%
Gross margin
   
64.5
%
   
62.5
%
General and administrative expense
   
22.7
%
   
21.0
%
Product development expense
   
2.4
%
   
2.1
%
Sales and marketing expense
   
13.1
%
   
12.5
%
Income from operations
   
26.3
%
   
26.9
%
Interest income
   
0.0
%
   
0.0
%
Interest expense
   
(0.5
%)
   
(0.1
%)
Other income
   
0.0
%
   
1.1
%
        Income before income taxes
   
25.8
%
   
27.9
%
Income tax expense
   
10.1
%
   
9.9
%
        Net income
   
15.7
%
   
18.0
%

 


 
 
 
15

 


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2010

Revenue

Account revenue
The increase in account revenue was primarily due to an increase of 31.0%, or 0.5 million, in the number of OneAccounts from September 30, 2010 to September 30, 2011.  Greater adoption and student enrollments at higher education institutions which were clients as of September 30, 2010 accounted for 76% of the increase in the number of OneAccounts.  The remaining increase was due to students choosing the OneAccount at higher education institutions which became clients after September 30, 2010.  The increase in the number of OneAccounts resulted in increases in interchange fees, ATM fees and other fees that our bank partner remits to us. While our historical experience has been that account revenue generated per OneAccount has been generally stable year over year, with total account revenue generally increasing proportionally with increases in the number of OneAccounts, the implementation of amendments to Regulation E in the third quarter of 2010 decreased the account revenue per OneAccount compared to the same period in the prior year.  We expect future account revenue per OneAccount to be stable on a year over year basis as we have now had a full year of impact related to the implementation of amendments to Regulation E.

Payment Transaction Revenue
The increase in payment transaction revenue was primarily due to an increase in payments processed at higher education institutions that were clients during the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as well as the inclusion of new higher education institution clients that began utilizing the CASHNet payment module, ePayment, since the nine months ended September 30, 2010

Higher Education Institution Revenue
The increase in higher education institution revenue was primarily due to an increase in subscription revenue for our CASHNet suite of payment products.  The increase in subscription revenue reflects a steady increase in the rate of subscription revenue since the fourth quarter of 2010 and reflects amounts earned both on new modules sold to previously existing higher education institution clients, as well as sales of the CASHNet suite of payment products to new higher education institution clients. The increase in higher education institution revenue was also supported by growth in the financial aid disbursement revenue generated by our OneDisburse Refund Management funds disbursement service.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue is expected generally to increase proportionally with our revenue as many of these costs are variable and associated with either the number of OneAccounts or the dollar volume of transactions processed through our CASHNet payment module.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, our cost of revenue increased at a higher rate than revenue, which resulted in a lower gross margin percentage compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2010.  During the nine months ending September 30, 2011, customer service costs and write-offs and the provision for uncollectible fees both increased at higher rates than our revenue growth.

General and Administrative Expense

Although general and administrative expenses continue to increase as our size grows, such expenses are increasing at a lower rate than our revenue growth.  The increase in general and administrative expenses was driven primarily by an increase in cash-based and stock-based employee compensation costs, professional fees and depreciation and amortization.  There are also increases in varied expenses to support our business growth, including insurance costs, costs to maintain our fleet of ATMs, telecommunications and other technology costs.

Product Development Expense

The increase in product development expense was primarily due to increases in personnel costs, including stock-based compensation, partially offset by a decrease in costs related to outsourced services.

Sales and Marketing Expense

The increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily due to an increase of $2.2 million in non-cash, stock-based sales acquisition expense related to the vesting of certain shares issued in connection with the acquisition of EduCard, LLC due to a higher average share price at the date of vesting as well as additional shares vesting.  The expense recorded related to the shares issued in connection with the acquisition of EduCard, LLC can be highly variable from period to period depending on the number of additional shares that vest and the average share price at the time of vesting.  Additional advertising and tradeshow participation expenses also contributed to the overall increase.


 
 
 
16

 


Interest Expense

The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to lower amortization of deferred financing costs of the Credit Facility (as defined below), compared to our prior credit facility that was in place during 2010 and the accretion of acquisition payable during 2010 which became fully accreted throughout 2010.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, a zero balance was maintained on the Credit Facility.

Other Income

We recorded $1.5 million of other income during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 as a result of the settlement agreement reached with the former stockholders of IDC, or the Settlement Agreement.  See Part II, Item 1. Legal Proceedings, for additional information related to the Settlement Agreement.
 
Income Tax Expense

The increase in income tax expense was primarily due to the increase in net income before taxes.  The gain we recorded as a result of the settlement agreement with the former stockholders of IDC of $1.5 million did not have any tax impact, which resulted in only a 25.1% increase in income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2011.  The effective tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011 were 39.1% and 35.4%, respectively.  Our effective rate is expected to be between 35% and 37% for the 2011 fiscal year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations, borrowings under our Credit Facility, as defined below, and available-for-sale investments. As of September 30, 2011, we had $33.4 million in cash and cash equivalents, $17.9 million in available-for-sale investments and $50.0 million in borrowing capacity available under our Credit Facility. Our primary liquidity requirements are for working capital, capital expenditures, product development expenses and general corporate needs. As of September 30, 2011, we had working capital of $36.3 million.

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
Higher One, Inc. entered into a senior secured revolving credit facility dated as of December 31, 2010, which we refer to as the Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2011, $50 million in borrowings were available to the Company under the Credit Facility. The amount available to be drawn under the Credit Facility may be increased by an additional $50 million upon the request of the Company and the agreement of the lenders party to the Credit Facility.  Any amounts drawn under the Credit Facility are payable in a single maturity on December 31, 2013. Higher One Holdings, Inc., and each of the wholly-owned subsidiaries of Higher One, Inc., is a guarantor of Higher One, Inc.’s obligations under the Credit Facility.
 
The Credit Facility is secured by a perfected first priority security interest in all of the capital stock of Higher One, Inc. and its subsidiaries, and substantially all of each Credit Facility guarantor’s tangible and intangible assets, other than intellectual property. Each of the Credit Facility guarantors has also granted to the administrative agent under the Credit Facility a negative pledge of the intellectual property of Higher One, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including patents and trademarks that are pending and acquired in the future.

As of September 30, 2011, Higher One, Inc. had no outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility contains certain affirmative covenants including, among other things, covenants to furnish the lenders with financial statements and other financial information and to provide the lenders notice of material events and information regarding collateral. The Credit Facility also contains certain negative covenants that, among other things, restrict Higher One, Inc.’s ability, subject to certain exceptions, to incur additional indebtedness, grant liens on its assets, undergo fundamental changes, make investments, sell assets, make restricted payments, change the nature of its business and engage in transactions with its affiliates.

In addition, the Credit Facility contains certain financial covenants that require us to maintain a minimum EBITDA level, as defined in the Credit Facility, of $50 million, a funded debt to EBITDA ratio not to exceed 2.00 to 1.00 and a fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.25 to 1.00. Each such financial covenant is measured using the financial results of the most recent four fiscal quarters.  As of September 30, 2011, Higher One, Inc. was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility.



 
 
 
17

 



 
Cash Flows

The following table presents information regarding our cash flows and cash and cash equivalents for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011:
 
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
$ Change
 
   
(unaudited)
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Net cash provided by (used in):
                 
Operating activities
 
$
27,041
   
$
31,335
   
$
4,294
 
Investing activities
   
(30,637
)
   
(24,390
)
   
6,247
 
Financing activities
   
22,189
     
(7,987
)
   
(30,176
)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
   
18,593
     
(1,042
)
   
(19,635
)
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
 
$
21,932
   
$
33,442
   
$
11,510
 

The increase in net cash provided by operating activities consisted of an increase of $7.7 million in net income offset by a $3.4 million net decrease in adjustments to reconcile net income to cash.  Our non-cash expenses increased by $0.6 million primarily as a result of an increase in stock-based customer acquisition expense and stock-based compensation partially offset by the income we recorded in connection with the Settlement Agreement.  Our operating assets and liabilities used an additional $4.1 million of cash, net, during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2010.

The decrease in net cash used in investing activities primarily relates to our decreased use of cash in the purchases and proceeds of our investments in marketable securities and the payment which we made to an escrow agent in 2010 related to our acquisition of IDC which did not recur in 2011.  These decreases in cash use were partially offset by an increase in our amount spent on fixed assets primarily related to our construction project described below.

As of September 30, 2011, we have incurred approximately $27.6 million on a project to develop two existing commercial buildings located in New Haven, Connecticut into which we will move at the completion of the project, which is expected to be in late 2011 or early 2012. Of the $27.6 million incurred, we have spent approximately $17.9 million in total on the project as of September 30, 2011.  We anticipate making additional payments in 2011 and 2012 as progress continues on the project. The project has a total estimated cost of approximately $47 million. Our net cost will be reduced by federal and state subsidies, grants and tax credits from various programs and entities which are described in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, some of which we expect to receive in the fourth quarter of 2011.

We believe that our cash flows from operations, together with our existing liquidity sources, will be sufficient to fund our operations and anticipated capital expenditures over at least the next twenty-four months. We intend to fund our real estate development project using existing cash and additional cash generated from operations.

The decrease in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily related to the issuance of our common stock in 2010, which resulted in net proceeds of $37.2 million.  We repaid $18.0 million, net, on our then existing line of credit during the nine months ended September 30, 2010.  The only cash flows from financing activities in 2011 have resulted from our common stock repurchases which used $14.2 million of cash and the exercise of stock options, which provided cash in an aggregate amount of $6.3 million.



 
 
 
18

 



 
Supplemental Financial and Operating Information

   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
 
   
(unaudited)
(in thousands)
   
(unaudited)
(in thousands)
 
                         
Adjusted EBITDA (1)
 
$
15,509
   
$
18,218
   
$
42,650
   
$
54,195
 
Adjusted net income (2)
 
$
8,771
   
$
11,120
   
$
24,387
   
$
32,647
 
                                 
Number of students enrolled at OneDisburse client higher education institutions at end of period
   
3,217
     
3,970
     
3,217
     
3,970
 
                                 
Number of students enrolled at payment transaction client higher education institutions at end of period
   
2,450
     
2,576
     
2,450
     
2,576
 
                                 
Number of OneAccounts at end of period
   
1,538
     
2,015
     
1,538
     
2,015
 

(1)            We define adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes and depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, further adjusted to remove the effects of stock-based customer acquisition expense related to our grants of common stock in connection with our acquisition of EduCard in 2008 and cash-based customer acquisition expense related to the acquisition of IDC, stock-based compensation expense and the gain we recorded in connection with the settlement of our litigation with the former stockholders of IDC. Neither EBITDA nor adjusted EBITDA should be considered as an alternative to net income, operating income or any other measure of financial performance calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Our EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other organizations because other organizations may not calculate EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA in the same manner as we do. We prepare and present adjusted EBITDA to eliminate the effect of items that we do not consider indicative of our core operating performance. You are encouraged to evaluate our adjustments and the reasons we consider them appropriate.
 
                We believe adjusted EBITDA is useful to our board of directors, management and investors in evaluating our operating performance for the following reasons:

·  
adjusted EBITDA is widely used by investors to measure a company’s operating performance without regard to certain items, such as interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization, stock-based expenses and certain other items, that can vary substantially from company to company and from period to period depending upon their financing and accounting methods, the book value of their assets, their capital structures and the method by which their assets were acquired;

·  
securities analysts use adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure to evaluate the overall operating performance of companies;

·  
because non-cash equity grants made at a certain price and point in time do not necessarily reflect how our business is performing at any particular time, stock-based customer acquisition expense and stock-based compensation expense are not key measures of our core operating performance;

·  
because cash-based customer acquisition expense is an item related to the acquisition of IDC and does not reflect how our business is performing at any particular time, cash-based customer acquisition expense is therefore not a key measure of our core operating performance; and

·  
because the gain we recorded in connection with the settlement of our litigation with the former stockholders of IDC is an item related to the acquisition of IDC and does not reflect how our business is performing at any particular time.


 
 
 
19

 



 

 
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income, the most comparable GAAP measure, to EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods indicated:

   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
 
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
 
   
(in thousands)
   
(in thousands)
 
                         
Net income
 
$
6,429
   
$
8,468
   
$
16,522
   
$
24,264
 
Interest income
   
(10
)
   
(15
)
   
(13
)
   
(51
)
Interest expense
   
84
     
66
     
560
     
196
 
Income tax expense
   
4,277
     
4,720
     
10,628
     
13,292
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
1,947
     
1,770
     
5,321
     
5,204
 
EBITDA
   
12,727
     
15,009
     
33,018
     
42,905
 
Stock-based and other customer acquisition expense
   
2,139
     
2,320
     
7,448
     
9,741
 
Stock-based compensation expense
   
643
     
889
     
2,184
     
3,049
 
Other income
   
     
     
     
(1,500
)
Adjusted EBITDA
 
$
15,509
   
$
18,218
   
$
42,650
   
$
54,195
 

(2)           We define adjusted net income as net income, adjusted to eliminate (a) stock-based compensation expense related to incentive stock option grants and the gain we recorded in connection with the settlement of our litigation with the former stockholders of IDC and (b) after giving effect to tax adjustments, stock-based compensation expense related to non-qualified stock option grants, stock-based customer acquisition expense related to our grant of common stock in connection with our acquisition of EduCard in 2008, cash-based customer acquisition expense related to the acquisition of IDC and amortization expenses related to intangible assets and financing costs. Adjusted net income should not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating income or any other measure of financial performance calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Our adjusted net income may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other organizations because other organizations may not calculate adjusted net income in the same manner as we do. We prepare adjusted net income to eliminate the effect of items that we do not consider indicative of our core operating performance. You are encouraged to evaluate our adjustments and the reasons we consider them appropriate.

                We believe adjusted net income is useful to our board of directors, management and investors in evaluating our operating performance for the following reasons:

·  
because non-cash equity grants made at a certain price and point in time do not necessarily reflect how our business is performing at any particular time, stock-based customer acquisition expense and stock-based compensation expense are not key measures of our core operating performance;

·  
because cash-based customer acquisition expense is an item related to the acquisition of IDC and does not reflect how our business is performing at any particular time, cash-based customer acquisition expense is therefore not a key measure of our core operating performance;

·  
amortization expenses can vary substantially from company to company and from period to period depending upon their financing and accounting methods, the fair value and average expected life of their acquired intangible assets, their capital structures and the method by which their assets were acquired; and

·  
because the gain we recorded in connection with the settlement of our litigation with the former stockholders of IDC is an item related to the acquisition of IDC and does not reflect how our business is performing at any particular time.


 
 
 
20

 



 


 
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income, the most comparable GAAP measure, to adjusted net income for each of the periods indicated:


   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
 
   
(unaudited)
(in thousands)
   
(unaudited)
(in thousands)
 
                         
            Net income
 
$
6,429
   
$
8,468
   
$
16,522
   
$
24,264
 
                                 
            Stock-based and other customer acquisition expense
   
2,139
     
2,320
     
7,448
     
9,741
 
            Stock-based compensation expense – incentive stock options
   
338
     
480
     
1,148
     
1,368
 
            Stock-based compensation expense – non-qualified stock options
   
305
     
409
     
1,036
     
1,681
 
            Other income
   
     
     
     
(1,500
)
            Amortization of intangible assets
   
768
     
768
     
2,303
     
2,303
 
            Amortization of finance costs
   
51
     
18
     
153
     
54
 
            Total pre-tax adjustments
   
3,601
     
3,995
     
12,088
     
13,647
 
            Tax rate
   
38.6
%
   
38.2
%
   
38.6
%
   
38.2
%
            Tax adjustment (a)
   
1,259
     
1,343
     
4,223
     
5,264
 
            Adjusted net income
 
$
8,771
   
$
11,120
   
$
24,387
   
$
32,647
 


(a)           We have reflected the tax effect, utilizing an estimated statutory rate, of all the pre-tax adjustments except for stock-based compensation expense for incentive stock options which are generally not tax deductible and the gain recorded in connection with the settlement of our litigation with the former stockholders of IDC as the gain is not taxable.

            The adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income measures presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies, and may not be identical to corresponding measures used in our various agreements, in particular our Credit Facility agreement.
 
 
Contractual Obligations

There have been no material changes to our contractual commitments from those disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.  During the three months ended September 30, 2011, we entered into a lease agreement for office space in Atlanta, Georgia.  Our contractual obligation under this lease agreement is less than $2.0 million over the next seven years.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We are not a party to any material off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.



 
 
 
21

 



 
Critical Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies and basis of preparation of our consolidated financial statements are described in Note 2, “\Significant Accounting Policies” of our notes to consolidated financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. Under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

We believe the judgments, estimates and assumptions associated with the following critical accounting policies have the greatest potential impact on our consolidated financial statements:
·  
Provision for operational losses;
·  
Stock-based compensation; and
·  
Income taxes

For a complete discussion of these critical accounting policies, refer to “Critical Accounting Policies” within “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included within our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. At September 30, 2011, there have been no material changes to any of the Critical Accounting Policies described therein.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

We review new accounting standards to determine the expected financial impact, if any, that the adoption of each such standard will have. The adoption of the following three standards did not have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial position.

In October 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2009-13 “Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements.” This ASU establishes the accounting and reporting guidance for arrangements including multiple revenue-generating activities. This ASU provides amendments to the criteria for separating deliverables, measuring and allocating arrangement consideration to one or more units of accounting. The amendments in this ASU also establish a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable. Significantly enhanced disclosures are also required to provide information about a vendor’s multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements, including information about the nature and terms, significant deliverables and its performance within arrangements. The amendments also required providing information about the significant judgments made and changes to those judgments and about how the application of the relative selling-price method affects the timing or amount of revenue recognition. The amendments in this ASU are effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in the fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2011.

In October 2009, the FASB issued ASU No. 2009-14, “Certain Revenue Arrangements That Include Software Elements.” This ASU changes the accounting model for revenue arrangements that include both tangible products and software elements that are “essential to the functionality,” and scopes these products out of current software revenue guidance. The new guidance will include factors to help companies determine what software elements are considered “essential to the functionality.” The amendments will now subject software-enabled products to other revenue guidance and disclosure requirements, such as guidance surrounding revenue arrangements with multiple-deliverables. The amendments in this ASU are effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in the fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2011.

In April 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-17, “Milestone Method of Revenue Recognition,” which indicates the criteria that should be met for determining whether the milestone method of revenue recognition is appropriate. Companies can recognize consideration that is contingent upon achievement of a milestone in its entirety as revenue in the period in which the milestone is achieved only if the milestone meets all criteria to be considered substantive. This ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2011.


 
 
 
22

 



The accounting standards described below will be effective in future reporting periods and are not yet adopted.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Testing Goodwill for Impairment,” which permits an entity to make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value before applying the two-step goodwill impairment model that is currently in place. If it is determined through the qualitative assessment that a reporting unit's fair value is more likely than not greater than its carrying value, the remaining impairment steps would be unnecessary. The qualitative assessment is optional, allowing companies to go directly to the quantitative assessment. This update is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, but early adoption is permitted. We plan to adopt this standard for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2011 and do not expect the standard to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220)—Presentation of Comprehensive Income” which requires an entity to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. This accounting standard update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of equity and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011.  The FASB has announced that certain aspects of this update may be delayed; however as issued in June 2011, this accounting standard update is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements as we do not currently have any items recorded in other comprehensive income.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, ”Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards”, which provides a consistent definition of fair value and ensures that the fair value measurement and disclosure requirements are similar between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. ASU 2011-04 changes certain fair value measurement principles and enhances the disclosure requirements particularly for level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.  ASU 2011-04 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. We believe there will be no significant impact on our consolidated financial statements as a result of adopting ASU 2011-04.
 
In December 2010, the FASB issued amended guidance to clarify the acquisition date that should be used for reporting pro-forma financial information for business combinations. If comparative financial statements are presented, the pro-forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the comparable prior reporting period should be reported as though the acquisition date for all business combinations that occurred during the current year had been completed as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period. The amendments in this guidance are effective prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2011. There will be no impact in the consolidated financial results as the amendments relate only to additional disclosures.

In December 2010, the FASB issued amendments to the guidance on goodwill impairment testing. The amendments modify Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. For those reporting units, an entity is required to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test if it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. In making that determination, the guidance states that an entity should consider whether there are any adverse qualitative factors indicating that an impairment may exist. The amendments are effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning January 1, 2011 and are not expected to have a significant impact in the consolidated financial statements.

Item 3.                                Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our principal market risk relates to interest rate sensitivity, which is the risk that future changes in interest rates will reduce our net income or net assets. There have been no material changes in our principal market risk exposures from the information disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

In addition, we receive processing fees paid from our bank partner, based on prevailing interest rates and the total deposits held in our OneAccounts. Since 2008, fees paid by our bank partner have been relatively small because of historically low interest rates. A change in interest rates would affect the amount of processing fees that we earn and therefore would have an effect on our revenue, cash flows and results of operations.


 
 
 
23

 



 
Item 4.                          Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act) as of September 30, 2011. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2011, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2011 identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonable likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.                                Legal Proceedings

On June 22, 2010, Higher One, Inc., or HOI, provided notice and a certificate of claim for indemnity under the Stock Purchase Agreement by and among HOI and the former stockholders of Informed Decisions Corporation, or IDC, dated November 19, 2009, arising from certain misrepresentations and breaches of warranty. At the same time, we deposited $8.25 million, equal to the remaining balance of the post-closing payments, with an escrow agent.  Separately, the former stockholders of IDC filed a complaint against HOI in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, or the Complaint, on July 20, 2010, disputing that misrepresentations were made and that warranties were breached; alleging breach of contract and anticipatory breach; and seeking a declaratory judgment ordering that the post-closing payments be made in accordance with the schedule set forth in the Stock Purchase Agreement. 

On April 25, 2011, HOI and the former stockholders of IDC agreed to a settlement, the material terms of which are as follows: (a) $2 million of the amount held in escrow, plus pro-rated interest, was to be paid to HOI; (b) $6.25 million of the amount held in escrow, plus pro-rated interest, was to be paid to the former stockholders; and (c) HOI and the former stockholders generally and mutually released each other from all past and future claims, known and unknown, arising out of the stock purchase agreement and related transition services agreements between HOI and each of the former stockholders, relating to the operation or sale of IDC, including all indemnification and payment obligations, with the exception of certain rights, obligations and claims.  The amount held in escrow was distributed to HOI and the former stockholders of IDC in accordance with the terms of the settlement agreement in May 2011.

We recorded the impact of the settlement agreement in the quarter ending June 30, 2011.  The $2 million returned from escrow to us was recorded as other income of $1.5 million, reflecting a payment made under the indemnification provisions of the stock purchase agreement and a reduction of general and administrative expenses of $0.5 million, reflecting the recovery of certain legal costs incurred for the litigation.

Except as described above, there have been no material developments in our legal proceedings since we filed our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.



 
 
 
24

 


 Item 1A.                      Risk Factors

 There have been no material changes to our risk factors from those disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, except as follows:

Reviews and enforcement actions by regulatory authorities under banking and consumer protection laws and regulations may result in changes to our business practices or may expose us to the risk of fines, restitution and litigation.

Our operations and the operations of our bank partner are subject to the jurisdiction and examination of federal, state and local regulatory authorities, including the FDIC, which is our bank partner’s primary federal regulator. Our business practices, including the terms of our products, are reviewed and approved by our banking partner and subject to both periodic and special reviews by such regulatory authorities, which can range from investigations into specific consumer complaints or concerns to broader inquiries into our practices generally. We and our bank partner are subject to ongoing and routine examination by the FDIC. If, as part of an examination or review, the regulatory authorities conclude that we are not complying with applicable laws or regulations, they could request or impose a wide range of remedies, including, but not limited to, requiring changes to the terms of our products (such as decreases in fees), the imposition of fines or penalties or the institution of enforcement proceedings or other similar actions against us alleging that our practices constitute unfair or deceptive acts or practices. As part of an enforcement action, the regulators can seek restitution for affected customers and impose civil money penalties. In addition, negative publicity relating to any specific inquiry or investigation or any related fine could adversely affect our stock price; our relationships with various industry participants; or our ability to attract new and retain existing clients, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Following a recently conducted compliance examination, the New York Regional Office of the FDIC notified us that it was prepared to recommend to the Director of FDIC Supervision that an enforcement action be taken against us for alleged violations of certain applicable laws and regulations principally relating to our compliance management system and policies and practices for past overdraft charging on persistently delinquent accounts, collections and transaction error resolution. Any such enforcement action could result in an order to pay restitution and civil money penalties. We have responded to the FDIC’s notification, but the process is ongoing and there can be no assurances as to the outcome of this process. An action instituted against us that results in significant changes to our practices, the imposition on us of fines or penalties, or an obligation for us to pay restitution or civil money penalties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Fees for financial services are subject to increasingly intense legislative and regulatory scrutiny, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects for future growth.

In 2010, 2009 and 2008, approximately 78%, 88% and 85% of our revenue was generated from interchange fees, ATM fees, non-sufficient funds fees, other banking services fees and convenience fees. These fees, as well as the financial services industry in general, have undergone or may undergo substantial changes in the near future. These changes could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects for future growth.

Effective July 1, 2010, the Federal Reserve Board amended Regulation E to limit the ability of financial institutions to assess an overdraft fee for paying ATM and one-time debit card transactions that overdraw a consumer’s account, unless the consumer affirmatively consents, or opts in, to the institution’s payment of overdrafts for these services. In the absence of such a consent, a financial institution may not assess an overdraft fee on a consumer for an ATM or one-time debit card transaction.

On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or the Act, was signed into law. The Act increases the already substantial regulation and oversight of the financial services industry and imposes restrictions on the ability of firms within the industry, including us, to conduct business consistent with historical practices. For example, under the Act, a Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, or the Bureau, has been established to regulate any person engaged in a “financial activity” in connection with a consumer financial product or service, including those, such as us, that process financial services products and services. The Bureau has assumed regulatory authority for many of the laws to which we and our partner bank, The Bancorp Bank, are subject and may have direct supervisory authority over us.  The Bureau also will have authority to issue and enforce regulations relating to consumer financial protection designed to prevent unfair, deceptive, and abusive practices in the offering of consumer financial products.

 
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The Act also requires changes to be made to the manner in which merchants accept and process certain debit- and credit-card transactions. Specifically, the Act, subject to certain exemptions, requires the Federal Reserve to impose limits on debit card interchange fees tied to the cost of processing the transaction, which may have the result of decreasing revenue to debit card issuers and processors. On June 29, 2011, the Federal Reserve Board issued its final rule implementing these limits on debit card interchange fees that, among other things would limit interchange fees on debit card transactions to a maximum of 21 cents per transaction plus 5 basis points of the transaction amount, and up to an additional 1 cent to cover investments in fraud prevention measures.  At the same time, the Federal Reserve approved an interim final rule that allows for an upward adjustment of no more than 1 cent to an issuer's debit card interchange fee if the issuer develops and implements policies and procedures reasonably designed to achieve the fraud-prevention standards set out in the interim final rule.  These limits became effective October 1, 2011.  In accordance with the Act, issuers that, together with their affiliates, have less than $10 billion in assets are exempt from the debit card interchange fee standards, although they are subject to the prohibitions on network exclusivity and routing restrictions.  Nevertheless, it is anticipated that smaller issuers, such as The Bancorp Bank, may also be impacted. Some federal, state, and local government-administered payment programs that use debit cards are exempt from this interchange fee restriction. Additionally, the Act permits merchants to offer a discount or other incentive to encourage use of one form of payment over another. Furthermore, the Act, as implemented by the Federal Reserve Board’s final rule, prohibits an issuer or payment card network from restricting the number of payment card networks over which an electronic debit transaction may be processed to fewer than two unaffiliated networks, or restricting the ability of a merchant to direct the routing of electronic debit transactions over any of the networks that an issuer has enabled to process the electronic debit transactions. The Act also allows merchants to set minimum purchase thresholds for credit card transactions, provided such thresholds do not exceed $10, and it permits institutions of higher education and federal agencies – which constitute many of our clients – to impose maximum dollar amounts for credit-card purchases. Individual state legislatures are also reviewing interchange fees, and legislators in a number of states have proposed bills that purport to limit interchange fees or merchant discount rates or to prohibit their application to portions of a transaction.

The scope and impact of many of the Act’s provisions, including those summarized above, will continue to be determined through the rule making process. As a result, we cannot predict the ultimate impact of the Act on us or The Bancorp Bank at this time, nor can we predict the impact or substance of other future legislation or regulation. However, we believe that the Act, other recent changes in regulation, including the Regulation E changes summarized above, and legislation under consideration by the states, could affect how we and our bank partner operate by significantly reducing the interchange fees, ATM fees, non-sufficient fund fees, other banking services fees and convenience fees charged in respect of our services and that drive our financial results. These regulatory and legislative changes could also increase our costs, impede the efficiency of our internal business processes or limit our ability to pursue business opportunities in an efficient manner. The occurrence of any of these risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely on our bank partner for certain banking services, and a change in relationship with our bank partner or its failure to comply with certain banking regulations could materially and adversely affect our business.

As the provider of FDIC-insured depository services for all of our OneAccounts, as well as other banking functions, such as supplying cash for our ATM machines, The Bancorp Bank, our bank partner, provides third-party services that are critical to our student-oriented banking services. On August 8, 2011, The Bancorp Bank provided us a notice of termination of our services agreement that included a termination effective date of not later than May 4, 2012, or 270 days after the date of the termination notice. Upon termination of the services agreement, The Bancorp Bank is obligated to transfer the deposits and any related bank identification numbers, routing numbers and other related identifiers used by us in connection with the deposits of our customers and deliver any and all applicable information, account opening contracts and related items.

If any material adverse event were to affect The Bancorp Bank, or any future bank partner, including, but not limited to, a significant decline in its financial condition, a decline in the quality of its service, loss of deposits, its inability to comply with applicable banking and financial service regulatory requirements, systems failure or its inability to pay us fees, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. If we change banking partners, we may not be successful in such change.  In addition, there is a risk that the terms of our services agreement with a new banking partner may not be as favorable to us.  If we are unable to change banking partners prior to the termination effective date of our agreement with The Bancorp Bank, we may not be able to extend the current relationship with The Bancorp Bank or otherwise be able to continue to offer the OneAccount in the same manner as we do now.  The aggregate impact could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.


 
 
 
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Item 2.                      Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table includes information regarding purchases of shares of our common stock made by us during the third quarter ending September 30, 2011:
 
   
(a)
 
(b)
 
(c)
 
(d)
 
   
Total number
 
Average
 
Total number of shares
 
Approximate dollar value of
 
   
of shares
 
price paid
 
purchased as part of publicly
 
shares that may yet be purchased
 
Period
 
purchased (1)
 
per share
 
announced plans or programs (1)
 
under the plans or programs (2) (in thousands)
 
                   
Month #1
                 
(July 1 to July 31)
 
 
 
 
 
Month #2
                 
(August 1 to August 31)
 
3,100
 
$15.98
 
3,100
 
$39,950
 
Month #3
                 
(September 1 to September 30)
 
940,449
 
$15.09
 
940,449
 
25,756
 
 
(1) No shares were repurchased other than through our publicly-announced repurchase program.  Our share repurchase program was announced on August 23, 2011 and allows for the repurchase of up to $40 million of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock through September 7, 2012.
 
(2) As of September 30, 2011, approximately $25.8 million was available under our publicly announced share repurchase program.  The timing, price, quantity, and manner of the purchases to be made are at the discretion of management upon instruction from our Board of Directors, depending upon market conditions.  The repurchase of shares in any particular future period and the actual amount thereof remain at the discretion of our Board of Directors, and no assurance can be given that shares will be repurchased in the future.


Item 3.                      Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 5.                      Other Information

Effective August 2, 2011, Shamez Kanji resigned from the board of directors of Higher One Holdings, Inc.  The resignation did not involve any disagreement on any matter relating to the operations, policies or practices of Higher One Holdings, Inc.  Mr. Kanji served on the audit and compensation committees of the board of the directors.  Effective August 2, 2011, Charles Moran was elected to serve as a member of the audit committee and Patrick McFadden was elected to serve as a member of the compensation committee.
 
At our annual meeting of stockholders held on May 18, 2011, our stockholders voted to recommend that a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation be held every three years.  In light of this recommendation, we have decided to hold a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation every three years until the next required vote on the frequency of a stockholder vote on executive compensation.
 
Item 6.                                Exhibits
     
Exhibit
   
Number
 
Description
31.1
 
Certificate of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350).
31.2
 
Certificate of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350).
32.1
 
Certificate of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350).
32.2
 
Certificate of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350).
 (1)
 
The material contained in Exhibit 32.1 and Exhibit 32.2 is not deemed “filed” with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.

 
 
 
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SIGNATURES
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
Date: November 2, 2011
 
         
Higher One Holdings, Inc.
  
   
/s/ Dean Hatton
   
Dean Hatton
   
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Duly authorized officer and principal executive officer) 
   
     
/s/ Mark Volchek
   
Mark Volchek
   
Chief Financial Officer
(Duly authorized officer and principal financial officer) 
   




 
 
 
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