igennetworks10k123112.htm


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549


 
FORM 10-K
 

 
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012.
 
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ______ TO ______.
 
 
Commission File No. 333-141875
 
IGEN Networks Corp.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada
20-5879021
(State or Other Jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

119 North Henry Street, Alexandria, Virginia, 22314
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 1-888-244-3650
(Registrant's telephone number including area code)
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  

Common Stock
Title of Class
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.Yes o No x
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.Yes o No x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:  Yes x No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes x No o
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
 Large accelerated filer: o
 Accelerated filer: o
 Non-accelerated filer: o
 Smaller reporting company: x
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o No x
 
The aggregate market value of the Common Stock of IGEN Networks Corp. held by non-affiliates as of April 5, 2013 was $2,247,372 based on the closing price of the common stock of $0.15.
 
The number of shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2012 is 14,982,478.
 
 
 

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
PART I
 
Page
     
ITEM 1.
3
ITEM 1A.
4
ITEM 1B.
4
ITEM 2.
4
ITEM 3.
4
ITEM 4.
4
     
PART II
   
     
ITEM 5.
5
ITEM 6.
9
ITEM 7.
9
ITEM 7A.
11
ITEM 8.
12
ITEM 9.
14
ITEM 9A.
14
ITEM 9B.
14
     
PART III
   
     
ITEM 10.
15
ITEM 11.
17
ITEM 12.
18
ITEM 13.
20
ITEM 14.
20
     
PART IV
   
     
ITEM 15.
22
     
 
23
 
 
 

 
 
Part I

Item 1.  Business

Description of Business
 
IGEN Networks Corp. (“IGEN”,  the “Company”, “we”, “our”) was incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 14, 2006 under the name of Nurse Solutions Inc.  On September 19, 2008 the Company changed its name to Sync2 Entertainment Corporation and traded under the symbol SYTO.  On May 26, 2009, the Company changed its name to IGEN Networks Corp., the Company’s common stock was assigned 45172B 10 2 as its new Cusip number, and the Company’s trading symbol was changed to IGEN effective June 30, 2009.  On November 4, 2011, IGEN Business Solutions Inc., a wholly owned Canadian subsidiary of IGEN Networks Corp., was incorporated.
 
Through August 2011, IGEN was in the business of providing high-speed Internet, Phone and Data services to rural communities via licensed third party technology.  As of September 2011, in concert with securing new management and investment, the company expanded its business model to invest and actively manage the growth of privately held technology companies that specialized in wireless broadband solutions, Software as a Service (Saas), and Machine to Machine (M2M) revenue models serving small business, government agencies and commercial enterprise.   

The Company has offices in the United States and Canada.  The U.S. head office is located at 119 North Henry Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314.  The Canadian office is located at Suite 102, 3833 Henning Drive, Burnaby BC, Canada, V5C 6N5.  The Company’s phone number is 1-888-244-3650.

The Company itself currently owns no patents.  The Company is in the process of securing trademarks and distribution licenses through increased ownership of privately held technology companies.
 
During the fiscal year ending December 31, 2011, the company did no research and development.  During the fiscal year ending December 31, 2011, the company spent approximately $54,725 on research and development, 96% of which was borne by customers.

The Company is not aware of any government approval or regulations, other than those governing the normal course of business, which will affect its own business.  However, the Company is invested in and foresees future investment in, or possible joint ventures with, companies for which local, regional or national regulatory approvals, particularly those pertaining to wireless networks, may apply.

The Company is not aware of any significant costs or effects of compliance with environmental laws.

The Company currently has four full-time employees and one part-time employee.  All management activities are currently undertaken by Directors of the Company and the Company also relies on subcontractors for a number of professional services.
 
 
3

 
Item 1A. Risk Factors
 
For a discussion of risk factors affecting the Company please refer to the Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements included in Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments
 
As a smaller reporting company, the Company is not required to provide the information required by this item.

Item 2.  Properties
 
The Company owns no plants, mines and other materially important physical properties.  The Company’s office locations are specified in Item 1 of this document.

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings
 
The Company is not party to any legal proceedings.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures
 
The Company is not an operator, nor has a subsidiary that is an operator, of a coal or other mine.

 
 
 
4

 
Part II

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information

Principal Market
 
The Company’s common shares currently trade on the OTC market in the United States and are quoted on the OTCQB under the symbol IGEN.

High and Low Sales Prices

Quarter Ended
 
High
   
Low
 
2011
               
March 31, 2011
 
$
0.67
   
$
0.31
 
June 31, 2011
 
$
0.65
   
$
0.24
 
September 31, 2011
 
$
0.50
   
$
0.20
 
December 31, 2011
 
$
0.39
   
$
0.25
 
                 
2012
               
March 31, 2012
 
$
0.36
   
$
0.20
 
June 31, 2012
 
$
0.35
   
$
0.24
 
September 31, 2012
 
$
0.23
   
$
0.23
 
December 31, 2012
 
$
0.23
   
$
0.16
 

Holders
 
As of December 31, 2012, there were 58 registered shareholders of common shares and an unknown number of holders whose stock is held in “street name”.

Dividends
 
The Company has paid no cash dividends in the past and as of yet has had no retained earnings from which to do so.

 
5

 
Securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans
 
As of December 31, 2012 there were no securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans.

Performance Graph
 
As a smaller reporting company, the Company is not required to provide the information required by this item.

Recent sales of unregistered securities

2009
 
During the twelve months ending December 31, 2009 there were no issuances or sales of our securities with or without registration.

2010
 
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2010, the company issued the following shares under the Securities Act of 1933 exemption Rule 144:

On February 15, 2010, the Company issued 550,000 restricted common shares to two related parties for services as directors and officers of the Company, at fair value of $0.06 per share and a recorded value of$33,000.

On February 15, 2010, the Company issued 1,650,000 restricted common shares to three independent parties pursuant to agreements for consulting services, at fair value of $0.06 per share and a recorded value of $99,000.
 
On February 15, 2010, the Company issued 3,250,000 common shares to six non-affiliated parties for conversion of $195,000 debt which was incurred by the Company in March 2009, recorded at fair value of$0.06 per share.

On March 30, 2010, the Company issued 3,000,000 restricted common shares to Bio Business Development Corp. International Inc. pertaining to the memorandum of understanding regarding the acquisition of rights to intellectual property. The shares are recorded at $3,000 par value with an offsetting amount in additional paid-in capital. Pursuant to the MOU, the shares will be held in trust by the Company,and will be released or cancelled, subject to the negotiation of terms and conditions in a mutually beneficial license agreement.
 
On April 13, 2010, the Company issued 2,000,000 restricted common shares to Machlink Inc. pertaining to memorandum of understanding and to be held in trust subject to the signing of a License Agreement with Machlink for the technology license rights. On May 7, 2010, the Company signed an exclusive distribution License Agreement with Machlink Inc. for rights to its existing patent pending and proprietary technology in wireless broadband Internet technology, pursuant to the initial memorandum of understanding the parties entered into on April 13, 2010. In consideration, the Company acknowledged the two million restricted shares issued on April 13, 2010 pertaining to the memorandum of understanding, which will be held in trust and released in six months from the signing of the May 7, 2010 License Agreement. During the six month hold period, IGEN has the option to pay $1 per share in lieu of release of the shares. The shares were recorded at fair value of $0.65 per share for a recorded value of $1,300,000.
 
 
6

 
On May 10, 2010, the Company issued 350,000 shares on receipt of $210,000 for subscription to 350,000 common shares at a price of $0.60 per share.

On May 25, 2010, the Company cancelled and returned to treasury, the 3,000,000 restricted common shares originally issued to Bio Business Development Corp. International Inc. and held in-trust, pertaining to the memorandum of understanding regarding the acquisition of rights to intellectual property. The parties did not negotiate a mutually beneficial license agreement and the MOU was terminated. The $3,000 par value recording and offsetting amount in additional paid-in capital was reversed.

On May 27, 2010, the Company issued 750,000 restricted common shares to two related parties for services as directors and officers of the Company, at fair value of $0.77 per share and a recorded value of $577,500 held in-trust, pertaining to the memorandum of understanding regarding the acquisition of rights to intellectual property. The parties did not negotiate a mutually beneficial license agreement and the MOU was terminated.  The $3,000 par value recording and offsetting amount in additional paid-in capital was reversed.

On May 27, 2010, the Company issued 750,000 restricted common shares to two related parties for services as directors and officers of the Company, at fair value of $0.77 per share and a recorded value of $577,500.

On May 27, 2010, the Company issued 350,000 restricted common shares to three independent parties in consideration for their appointments to the advisory board of the Company, at fair value of $0.77 per share and a recorded value of $269,500.
 
On May 27, 2010, the Company issued 650,000 restricted common shares to two independent consultants pursuant to consulting agreements entered into, at fair value of $0.77 per share and a recorded value of $500,500.

On July 5, 2010, the Company issued 200,000 restricted common shares to an independent consultant pursuant to a consulting agreement entered into, at fair value of $0.50 per share and a recorded value of $100,000.
 
On July 8, 2010, the Company issued 500,000 restricted common shares to related parties for services as a director and officer of the Company, at fair value of $0.50 per share and a recorded value of $250,000.

On September 17, 2010 the Company received of $150,000 for subscription to 300,000 common shares at a price of $0.50 per share.

On November 22, 2010 the Company issued 30,927 restricted common shares to an independent consultant for services, at fair value of $0.97 per share and a recorded value of $30,000.
 
 
7

 
2011
 
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, the company issued the following shares under the Securities Act of 1933 exemption Rule 144:

On May 16, 2011 the company issued a total of 650,000 restricted common shares at a fair value of $0.60 per share to thirteen non-related parties for services specific to acting in the capacity of IGEN advisory board members.

On September 8, 2011, the company issued a total of 91,667 restricted common shares for which the company received a total of $55,000 in subscriptions for shares at a price of $0.60 per share

On September 12, 2011, the company issued a total of 1,499,999 restricted common shares for which the company received a total of $450,000 in subscriptions for shares at a price of $0.30 per share.

On December  5, 2011, the company issued a total of  1,271,052 restricted common shares at a fair value of $0.30 per share and a total recorded value of $381,315.60, to six related parties to retire shareholder loans.

On December  7, 2011, the company issued 100,000 restricted common shares at a fair value of $0.30 per share and a total recorded value of $30,000 to a related party for services rendered to the company.

On December 31, 2011 the Machlink Inc agreement was modified resulting in the issuance to Machlink of 1,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company and fairly valued at $250,000 in return for the 2,000,000 shares originally issued to Machlink being delivered to the Company for cancellation.
 
2012
 
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, the company issued the following shares under the Securities Act of 1933 exemption Rule 144:

On June 28, 2012 the company issued 50,000 restricted common shares at a fair value of $0.32 per share and a total recorded value of $16,000 to a related party for services rendered to the company.

On June 29, 2012 the company issued a total of 550,000 restricted common shares for which the company received a total of $192,500 in subscriptions for shares at a price of $0.35 per share as part of the exercising of warrants.

On August 17, 2012 the company issued a total of 333,000 restricted common shares for which the company received a total of $116,667 in subscriptions for shares at a price of $0.35 per share as part of the exercising of warrants.

 
8

 
Item 6.  Selected Financial Data
 
As a smaller reporting company, the Company is not required to provide the information required by this item.

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(“MD&A”) provides information for the year ended December 31, 2012.  This MD&A should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2012 (the “consolidated financial statements”). The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). Except where otherwise specifically indicated, all amounts in this MD&A are expressed in United States dollars.

Certain statements in this MD&A constitute forward-looking statements or forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable securities laws. You should carefully read the cautionary note in this MD&A regarding forward-looking statements and should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements”.

Additional information about the Company, including our most recent consolidated financial statements and our Annual Information Form, is available on our website at www.igen-networks.com, or on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements
 
Certain statements and information in this MD&A are not based on historical facts and constitute forward- looking statements or forward-looking information within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Canadian securities laws (“forward-looking statements”), including our business outlook for the short and longer term and our strategy, plans and future operating performance. Forward-looking statements are provided to help you understand our views of our short and longer term prospects. We caution you that forward-looking statements may not be appropriate for other purposes. We will not update or revise our forward-looking statements unless we are required to do so by securities laws. Forward-looking statements:

 
• Typically include words and phrases about the future such as “outlook”, “may”, “estimates”, “intends”, “believes”, “plans”, “anticipates” and “expects”;

 
• Are not promises or guarantees of future performance. They represent our current views and may change significantly;

 
• Are based on a number of assumptions, including those listed below, which could prove to be significantly incorrect:

-  
Our ability to find viable companies in which to invest
-  
Our ability successfully manage companies in which we invest
-  
Our ability to successfully raise capital
-  
Our ability to successfully expand and leverage the distribution channels of our portfolio companies;
-  
Our ability to develop new distribution partnerships and channels
-  
Expected tax rates and foreign exchange rates.
 
 
9

 
 
• Are subject to substantial known and unknown material risks and uncertainties. Many factors could cause our actual results, achievements and developments in our business to differ significantly from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements.    Actual revenues and growth projections of the Company or companies in which we are invested may be lower than we expect for any reason, including, without limitation:

-  
the continuing uncertain economic conditions
-  
price and product competition
-  
changing product mixes,
-  
the loss of any significant customers,
-  
competition from new or established companies,
-  
higher than expected product, service, or operating costs,
-  
inability to leverage intellectual property rights,
-  
delayed product or service introductions

Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. No forward-looking statement is a guarantee of future results.

Overview
 
In 2012 the Company continued to focus its efforts on executing to its new business model of generating revenues and increasing shareholder value through managing growth of our invested companies, building infrastructure platforms to support future cloud-based services, and continued to reduce debt, expenses and net loss.
 
As a result, we exited 2012 with a positive balance sheet, significantly increased revenues, significantly reduced expenses and net losses, growing investments in several high-tech companies, several distribution agreements, cloud-based server infrastructure in place, and we believe we are in a solid position to raise capital and move the Company and its portfolio companies forward toward profitable growth.
 
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Capital Resources and Liquidity

Current Assets and Liabilities, Working Capital

As of December 31, 2012, the Company had total current assets of $152,550, a decrease of $71,329 from the end of the year previous. Current assets were primarily $106,894 in accounts receivable, all owed by Gogiro Internet Group for sales commissions and a combination of development services, IT services and management services provided by iGen to Gogiro.
 
The Company’s current liabilities as of December 31, 2012 were $86,361, up marginally from the $81,798 reported at the end of the year previous.   Current liabilities were primarily payables for development, IT infrastructure and services, advertising, contractor fees, legal fees and accounting fees.
 
IGEN ended 2012 with a working capital surplus of $66,189, down from $142,081 at the end of 2011.
 
 
10

 
Total Assets and Liabilities, Net Assets
 
As of December 31, 2012 the Company’s total assets was $409,753, a net reduction of $115.096 from the year prior. This includes the reduction in current assets of $71,329 described above, coupled with a net reduction of $43,767 in capital assets.  The Company’s capital assets remained primarily investments in Gogiro Internet Group and Machlink Inc.  During 2012 the Company invested a further $50,000 to purchase additional shares of Gogiro, but recorded a $100,000 impairment in its investment in Machlink due to share dilution, resulting in a net reduction of $43,767 in capital assets, and as the Company’s total liabilities were limited to its current liabilities, this resulted in 2012 year end net assets of $323,392, a reduction of $119,659 from the year prior.

As of December 31, 2012, Company had an accumulated deficit of $4,720,297.

The Company believes it has adequate working capital and projected revenues to maintain existing operations for approximately one quarter without requiring additional funding.  However the Company’s business plan is predicated on raising further capital for the purpose of further investments and in expansion of distribution channels.  It is anticipated the Company will raise capital through private placements.

Results of Operations

Revenues and Net Income (Loss)
 
As of December 31, 2012, the Company had record revenues of $134,683, compared with $2,950 in 2011.   Reported revenues are currently all attributable to Gogiro Internet Group Inc, in whom IGEN is invested and with whom IGEN signed a Market Development Agreement in November 2011.  Revenues include sales commissions, development and IT services, and management fees.

Expenses as of December 31, 2012 totaled $490,133, a significant 30% reduction from 2011 expenses of $698,207 and 2010 expenses of $2,280,761.   The reduction in 2012 over 2011 was primarily attributed to significant reduction in consulting and business development fees.

Other additional expenses, not included in the above, include the write-off of $100,000 impairment on the investment in Machlink Inc. due to share dilution.

As of December 31, 2012 the Company had a net loss of $444,826 or $0.03 per basic & diluted share.  This is a significant improvement over net losses of $875,679 in 2011, and net losses of $2,983.401 in 2010, and represents a year on year reduction in net loss of 49%

Cash Flows
 
As of December 31, 2012 the Company saw a net decrease in cash of $161,453.  The primary source of cash was net proceeds from financing activities of $309,167, all due to the exercising warrants granted as part of private placements done in 2011.  This was offset by cash investments, $58,613, including a second $50,000 direct investment in Gogiro Internet Group, and a net loss of cash used operating activities of $412,007.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
 
As a smaller reporting company, the Company is not required to provide the information required by this item.

 
11

 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

The Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2012 are included herewith.


 






IGEN NETWORKS CORP.



Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
 
 
12

 

 
ACAL GROUP
 
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS
 
PCAOB & CPAB Registrant
 
SUITE 1850
1066 WEST HASTINGS STREET                                                                                                                          
VANCOUVER, BC V6E 3X2

T: 604.683.3850                                                                                           
F: 604.688.8479                                                                                                                                                     


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
 
To: the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
  IGEN Networks Corp.
           
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of IGEN Networks Corp. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.  These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of IGEN Networks Corp. as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern.  As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has not generated revenues since inception, has incurred losses in developing its business, and further losses are anticipated.  The Company requires additional funds to meet its obligations and the costs of its operations.  These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  Management’s plans in this regard are described in Note 1.  The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

“ACAL Group”
                                                                                                                                                         Chartered Accountants
Vancouver, British Columbia
April 16, 2013

 
13

 
IGEN NETWORKS CORP.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
   
December 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
Assets
           
Current
           
Cash
  $ 35,878     $ 197,331  
Accounts receivable
    106,894       2,950  
HST Receivable
    4,778       -  
Prepaid expenses
    5,000       23,598  
      152,550       223,879  
                 
Investment (Note 3)
    250,340       300,000  
Equipment (Note 4)
    6,863       970  
Total Assets
  $ 409,753     $ 524,849  
                 
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
               
Current liabilities
               
Accounts payable
  $ 59,790     $ 56,481  
Accrued liabilities
    26,571       25,317  
      86,361       81,798  
Shareholders’ Equity
               
Capital Stock (Note 7)
Authorized - 375,000,000 common shares with $0.001 par value
Issued and outstanding - 14,982,478 and 14,049,145 respectively
    14,982       14,049  
Additional paid-in capital
    5,028,707       4,704,473  
Deficit accumulated
    (4,720,297 )     (4,275,471 )
      323,392       443,051  
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity   $ 409,753     $ 524,849  
 
 
Approved on Behalf of the Board
   
       
"Neil Chan"
 Director
   
       
"Richard Freeman"
 Director
   
       
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-1

 
IGEN NETWORKS CORP.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
   
Year
   
Year
 
   
Ended
   
Ended
 
   
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
             
Revenue
           
Management services
  $ 50,666     $ -  
Commission fees
    84,017       2,950  
      134,683       2,950  
Expenses
               
Advertising expense
    29,241       -  
Consulting and business development fees
    32,649       432,280  
Depreciation
    2,380       108  
General and administrative
    153,639       55,855  
Interest expense
    -       2,839  
Management fees (Note 6)
    123,908       29,451  
Professional fees
    90,431       81,173  
Stock-based compensation
    -       -  
Transfer agent & filing fees
    8,315       13,908  
Travel and accommodation
    49,570       82,593  
                 
      490,133       698,207  
                 
Foreign exchange loss
    1,718       4,430  
Impairment on investment
    100,000       -  
Write-off of prepaid expenses
    14,682       -  
Write-off of technology license
    -       467,000  
Gain on debt settlement
    (27,024 )     (291,008 )
                 
      89,376       180,422  
Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss  Applicable to Common Shares
  $ (444,826 )   $ (875,679 )
Net Loss per Basic and Diluted Shares
  $ (0.03 )   $ (0.09 )
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding
    14,476,422       10,236,080  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
 
F-2

 
IGEN NETWORKS CORP.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
   
Year
   
Year
 
   
Ended
   
Ended
 
   
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
           
Net loss
  $ (444,826 )   $ (875,679 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
provided by (used in) operations:
               
Depreciation
    2,380       108  
Write-off of prepaid expenses
    14,682       -  
Write-off of technology license
    -       467,000  
Impairment on investment in Machlink
    100,000       -  
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses
    3,916       (23,598 )
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable
    (103,944 )     (2,950 )
(Increase) decrease in HST receivable
    (4,778 )     -  
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    47,587       99,701  
Increase (decrease) in shareholder's loans
    -       -  
Shares issued for services
    -       390,000  
Gain on debt settlement
    (27,024     (291,008 )
Stock-based compensation
    -       -  
                 
Net cash used in operating activities
    (412,007 )     (236,426 )
                 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
               
Investment in Gogiro
    (50,340 )     (50,000 )
Acquisition of capital assets
    (8,273 )     (1,078 )
Acquisition of technology license
    -       -  
                 
Net cash provided from investing activities
    (58,613 )     (51,078 )
                 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
               
Common stock issued for cash
    -       505,000  
Proceeds received from exercised warrants
    309,167       -  
Proceeds received from loans - related parties
    -       -  
Payments made on loans - related parties
    -       (20,911 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
    309,167       484,089  
                 
Net Increase (Decrease) in cash
    (161,453 )     196,585  
Cash, Beginning of Year
    197,331       746  
Cash, End of Year
  $ 35,878     $ 197,331  
                 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
               
   Cash paid for interest
  $ -     $ -  
   Cash paid for income taxes
  $ -     $ -  
   Non-cash operating, financing and investing activities
               
      Shares issued for services
  $ -     $ 420,000  
      Shares issued for technology
  $ -     $ -  
      Shares issued for settlement of debt
  $ 16,000     $ 381,316  
      Shares issued for investment
  $ -     $ 250,000  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
 
F-3

 
IGEN NETWORKS CORP.
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
                               
                               
                           
Total
 
   
Common Stock
   
Additional
   
Deficit
   
Stockholders’
 
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Paid-in-capital
   
Accumulated
   
Equity (Deficit)
 
                               
                               
Balance December 31, 2010
    11,436,427     $ 11,436     $ 4,480,770     $ (3,399,792 )   $ 1,092,414  
Cancellation of common shares issued for technology on April 13, 2010 at $0.65 per share
    (2,000,000 )     (2,000 )     (1,298,000 )     -       (1,300,000 )
Common shares issued for services on May 16, 2011 at $0.60 per share
    650,000       650       389,350       -       390,000  
Common shares issued for cash on September 8, 2011 at $0.60 per share
    41,667       42       24,959       -       25,000  
Common shares issued for cash on September 8, 2011 at $0.60 per share
    50,000       50       29,950       -       30,000  
Common shares issued for cash on September 12, 2011 at $0.30 per share
    1,499,999       1,500       448,500       -       450,000  
Common shares issued for debt on December 5, 2011 at $0.30 per share
    1,271,052       1,271       380,045       -       381,316  
Common shares issued for services on December 7, 2011 at $0.30 per share
    100,000       100       29,900       -       30,000  
Common shares issued for investment on December 31, 2011 at $0.25 per share
    1,000,000       1,000       249,000       -       250,000  
Share issuance costs
    -       -       (30,000 )     -       (30,000 )
                                         
Net loss
    -       -       -       (875,679 )     (875,679 )
                                         
                                         
Balance December 31, 2011
    14,049,145       14,049       4,704,473       (4,275,471 )     443,051  
Common shares issued for debt on June 28, 2012 at $0.32 per share
    50,000       50       15,950       -       16,000  
Exercised warrants on June 29, 2012 at 0.35 per share
    333,333       333       116,334       -       116,667  
Exercised warrants on June 29, 2012 at 0.35 per share
    166,667       167       58,166       -       58,333  
Exercised warrants on June 29, 2012 at 0.35 per share
    50,000       50       17,450       -       17,500  
Exercised warrants on August 17, 2012 at 0.35 per share
    333,333       333       116,334       -       116,667  
                                         
Net loss
    -       -       -       (444,826 )     (444,826 )
                                         
                                         
Balance December 31, 2012
    14,982,478     $ 14,982     $ 5,028,707     $ (4,720,297 )   $ 323,392  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-4

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)

 
1.
Nature and Continuance of Operations
 
IGEN Networks Corp, together with its subsidiary IGEN Business Solutions Inc., (collectively, “the company, we, our”) was incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 14, 2006.  The company has been primarily in a development state since inception pursuing a variety of different technologies and markets, but in September of 2011 took on new investment and management and a new business model.  The Company is no longer a Development Stage Company, as defined by Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (”ASC”) 915, Development Stage Entities as of January 1, 2012.  IGEN’s primary business is investing in and managing for growth private high-tech companies that offer products and services in the domains of wireless broadband, Software as a Service (Saas), and Machine to Machine (M2M) solutions.   A secondary part of IGEN’s business is negotiating distribution agreements with relevant organizations and selling their products and services through the distribution channels of our portfolio companies, or newly developed IGEN sales channels.

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which implies the Company will continue to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company generated revenue for the first time in the fourth quarter of 2011 and continued to grow revenue through 2012, and is no longer considered to be in a development stage.  The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the continued financial support from its shareholders, on the ability of the company to grow its revenue base, to successfully grow the companies in which it is invested the ability of the Company to obtain necessary equity financing to both support the latter objectives and to invest in and grow new companies. As at December 31, 2012 the Company has accumulated losses of $4,720,297 since inception.  This factor raises substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Although there are no assurances that management’s plans will be realized, management believes that the Company will be able to continue operations into the future.  These financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
a)  
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
 
These consolidated financial statements and related notes include the records of the Company and of IGEN Business Solutions Inc., the wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States expressed in US dollars and, in management’s opinion, have been properly prepared within reasonable limits of materiality and within the framework of the significant accounting policies summarized below.

b)  
Use of Estimates

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to donated expenses, and deferred income tax asset valuations. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.

 
F-5

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
 
2.      Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
 
c)  
Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share
 
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding (denominator) during the period.
 
Diluted earnings per share give effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period including stock options, using the treasury stock method, and convertible preferred stock, using the if-converted method.
 
In computing diluted earnings per share, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants. Diluted earnings per share exclude all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. Because the effect of conversion of the Company’s dilutive securities is anti-dilutive, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the periods presented.
 
d)  
Financial Instruments
 
The Company adopted FASB ASC 820-10-50, “Fair Value Measurements”.  This guidance defines fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures.  The three levels are defined as follows:
 
-   Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
 
-   Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
 
-   Level 3 inputs to valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair measurement.
 
The fair values of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying values due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments.  Foreign currency transactions are primarily undertaken in Canadian dollars.  The financial risk is the risk to the Company’s operations that arise from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and the degree of volatility to these rates.  Currently, the Company does not use derivative instruments to reduce its exposure to foreign currency risk.  Financial instrument that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consists of cash. The Company places its cash in what it believes to be credit-worthy financial institutions.
 
e)  
Equipment
 
Office equipment  and computer are recorded at cost. Amortization is provided annually at rates and methods over their estimated useful lives as follows, except in the year of acquisition when one half of the rate is used. Management reviews the estimates of useful lives of the assets every year and adjust them on prospective basis, if needed.
 
Office equipment
  20 %
declining balance
         
Computer
  55 %
declining balance
 
 
F-6

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
 
2.      Summary of Significant Accounting Principles (continued)

Property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in the circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. If the total of the estimated undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of the asset during the year the impairment occurs. Subsequent expenditure relating to an item of office equipment is capitalized when it is probable that future economic benefits from the use of the assets will be increased.
 
f)  
Revenue recognition
 
The Company recognizes revenue when earned, specifically when all the following conditions are met:
 
-  
Services are provided or products are delivered to customers.
-  
There is clear evidence that an arrangement exists.
-  
Amounts are fixed or can be determined.
-  
The ability to collect is reasonably assured.
-  
There is no significant obligation for future performance.
-  
The amount of future returns can be reasonably estimated.
 
g)  
Foreign Currency Transactions/Balances

The Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. The consolidated financial statements of the Company are translated to U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830, Foreign Currency Translation Matters, using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Gains and losses arising on translation or settlement of foreign currency denominated transactions or balances are included in the determination of income.

Assets and liabilities of the Company’s Canadian subsidiary are translated into U.S. dollars at the year-end exchange rates, and revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates during the period. Exchange differences arising on translation are disclosed as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

h)  
Income Taxes

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has issued FASB ASC 740-10.  FASB ASC 740-10 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with prior literature FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes.  This standard requires a company to determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination based upon the technical merits of the position. If the more likely than not threshold is met, a company must measure the tax position to determine the amount to recognize in the financial statements.  As a result of the implementation of this standard, the Company performed a review of its material tax positions in accordance with recognition and measurement standards established by FASB ASC 740-10.

Deferred taxes are provided on a liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences.  Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax basis. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.
 
 
F-7

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
 
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Principles (continued)
 
i)  
Changes in Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
The Company does not have a significant effect on its consolidated financial statements on the adoption of the following issued accounting pronouncements.

In June 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income”, which is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. ASU 2011-05 will become effective for the Company on January 1, 2012. This guidance eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. In addition, items of other comprehensive income that are reclassified to profit or loss are required to be presented separately on the face of the financial statements. This guidance is intended to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in financial statements by requiring that such amounts be presented either in a single continuous statement of income and comprehensive income or separately in consecutive statements of income and comprehensive income.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs”, which is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. This guidance amends certain accounting and disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. Additional disclosure requirements in the update include:
 (1) for Level 3 fair value measurements, quantitative information about unobservable inputs used, a description of the valuation processes used by the entity, and a qualitative discussion about the sensitivity of the measurements to changes in the unobservable inputs;
(2) for an entity’s use of a nonfinancial asset that is different from the asset’s highest and best use, the reason for the difference;
(3) for financial instruments not measured at fair value but for which disclosure of fair value is required, the fair value hierarchy level in which the fair value measurements were determined; and
(4) the disclosure of all transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. ASU 2011-04 will become effective for the Company on January 1, 2012.

In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-02, “Receivables (Topic 310): A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt Restructuring”. This amendment explains which modifications constitute troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”). Under the new guidance, the definition of a troubled debt restructuring remains essentially unchanged, and for a loan modification to be considered a TDR, certain basic criteria must still be met. For public companies, the new guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after June 15, 2011, and applies retrospectively to restructuring occurring on or after the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.

j)  
Reclassifications
 
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year’s financial statements to conform to the current period’s presentation.

 
F-8

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
 
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Principles (continued)

k)  
Comprehensive loss

FASB ASC 220, “Comprehensive Income”, establishes standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive loss and its components in the financial statements. As at December 31, 2012 the Company has no items that represent a comprehensive loss and, therefore, has not included a schedule of comprehensive loss in the financial statements.

l)  
Impairment of Intangible and Other Long-lived Assets

The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of intangible and other long-lived assets. Impairment losses are recognized when the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with the asset or group of assets is less than their carrying value.  If impairment exits, an adjustment is made to write the asset down to its fair value, and a loss is recorded as the difference between the carrying value and fair value.

3.  
Investments

On May 7, 2010 the Company obtained an exclusive license from Machlink Inc. (“Machlink”), for rights to its proprietary technology in wireless broadband Internet and pursuant to a memorandum of understanding the parties entered into on April 13, 2010, amended September 28, 2010 and further amended by agreement December 31, 2011. The License is for a period of ten years, renewable in ten year increments thereafter.

Under the amended agreement dated December 31, 2011, IGEN would negotiate a license to sell, distribute, sub-license and market Machlink’s system, platform and proprietary information in all countries and global markets excluding: Mexico, Belize, Bahamas, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Ectel Countries of the SE Caribbean. Furthermore, IGEN was licensed to market Machlink technology in Canada, Australia, Europe, South America and the United States, on a non-exclusive basis.

In consideration two million (2,000,000) common shares of the Company were issued to Machlink at fair value of $0.65 per share and recorded at $1,300,000. The Company also paid $267,000 on October 1, 2010, under the terms of the amended agreement, for a new system from Machlink. This in addition to the $200,000 consideration already paid to Machlink under the terms of the original May 7, 2010 agreement, including, $50,000 down, $50,000 paid on July 23, 2010, and $100,000 paid on September 17, 2010. Further, IGEN would pay a platform fee at the rate of 3% of gross revenue for any systems deployed through the efforts of IGEN.

On December 31, 2011 the Machlink agreement was modified to the issuance to Machlink of 1,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company in return for the 2,000,000 shares originally issued to Machlink being delivered to the Company for cancellation and 43 shares of Machlink.

On November 23, 2011 the Company expended $50,000 to Gogiro Internet Group (Gogiro) to acquire 200,000 shares of Gogiro pursuant to an option agreement to purchase up to 9.5% of Gogiro represented by total of 800,000 shares at $0.25 per share under the following terms:
 
(a) 200,000 of the Common Shares Option expiring at 4:30 p.m. PST on March 31th, 2012 (exercised),
(b) 200,000 of the Common Shares Option expiring at 4:30 p.m. PST on June 30th, 2012 (Not exercised),
(c) 200,000 of the Common Shares Option expiring at 4:30 p.m. PST on September 30th, 2012(Not exercised),
(d) 200,000 of the Common Shares Option expiring at 4:30 p.m. PST on December 31th, 2012 (Exercised)

On October 17, 2012 the Company expended $50,000 to Gogiro Internet Group (Gogiro) to acquire a further 200,000 shares of Gogiro at $0.25 pursuant to the above option agreement.
 
 
F-9

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
 
3.  
Investments (Continued)

Summary:
 
Investment in Machlink
 
43 common shares acquired
 
$
150,000
 
             
Investment in Gogiro
 
400,000 common shares acquired
 
$
100,340
 
             
Total Investments
     
$
250,340
 
 
Investments in Machlink and Gogiro are carried at cost values less impairment as these investments do not have a quoted market price in an active market. The company recorded impairment of $100,000 in investment in Machlink for the year-ended December 31, 2012.

4.  
Equipment
 
               
Net Book Value
 
   
Cost
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
2012
   
2011
 
Office equipment
  $ 1,603     $ 354     $ 1,248     $ 970  
Computer
  $ 7,760     $ 2,145     $ 5,615     $ 0  
TOTAL
  $ 9,363     $ 2,500     $ 6,863     $ 970  

5.     Shareholders’ loans

As of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, there were no shareholder loans.

6.     Related Party Transactions

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 the Company incurred $123,908 in management fees paid in cash to directors and officers of the Company (December 2011 - $29,450).

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 the Company recorded the following transactions with Gogiro Internet Group, which shares a common Officer and Director with the Company:

-  
Commissions and Consulting Income from Gogiro of $84,017
-  
Management, Development and Service Fees from Gogiro of $50,666
-  
Advertising Expenses to Gogiro of $26,860
-  
Office Rent Expenses to Gogiro of $7,490

As of December 31, 2012 the Company had Account Receivables of $106,894 and Accounts Payable of $9,520 with Gogiro Internet Group.

As of December 31, 2012 the Company had total investment of $100,340 representing 400,000 shares in Gogiro Internet Group.  (December 2011 - $50,000/200,000 shares)
 
The amount due to a related party of December 31, 2011 of $266,089 was forgiven during the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 pursuant to the renegotiation of the contract with the Machlink (please refer to note 3). The reversal of the loan amount is shown as an expense recovery in the statement of operations at December 31, 2011.

 
F-10

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
 
7.     Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

a)  
Upon incorporation in November 2006, the company undertook a private offering of 853,000 (post 5:1 forward split and 1:100 reverse split) shares of its common stock for $17,050 in cash.  Also in November 2006, the company issued 2,200 (post 5:1 forward split and 1:100 reverse split) shares of its common stock for $44,000 in cash.

b)  
The Company approved a 5:1 forward split of the Company’s common stock October 15, 2008, such that each shareholder of record as of the effective date received five new shares for each one old share.

c)  
The Company approved a 1:100 reverse split of the Company’s common stock May 18, 2009, such that each shareholder of record as of the effective date received one new share for one hundred old shares. All references to issued and outstanding shares in these financial statements are shown as post forward and reverse splits as if the splits had been effective at the beginning of the first period presented.
  
d)  
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, the company issued the following shares under the Securities Act of 1933 exemption Rule 144:
 
On May 16, 2011 the company issued a total of 650,000 restricted common shares at a fair value of $0.60 per share for services specific to acting in the capacity of IGEN advisory board members.

On September 8, 2011 the Company issued 91,667 restricted shares of common stock on receipt of $55,000 at a price of $0.60 per share.

On September 12, the company issued a total of 1,499,999 restricted common shares for which the company received a total of $450,000 in subscriptions for shares at a price of $0.30 per share

On December 5, 2011, the company issued a total of 1,271,052 restricted common shares at a fair value of $0.30 per share and a total recorded value of $381,315.60, to six related parties to retire shareholder loans.
 
On December 7, 2011, the company issued 100,000 restricted common shares at a fair value of $0.30 per share and a total recorded value of $30,000 to a related party for services rendered to the company.
 
On December 31, 2011 the Machlink agreement was modified to the issuance to Machlink of 1,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company and fairly valued at $260,000 in return for the 2,000,000 shares originally issued to Machlink being delivered to the Company for cancellation.

e)  
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, the company issued the following shares under the Securities Act of 1933 exemption Rule 144:

On June 28, 2012 the company issued 50,000 restricted common shares at a fair value of $0.32 per share and a total recorded value of $16,000 to a related party for services rendered to the company. The gain of $27,024 on this settlement was recognized in the consolidated statement of operations during the twelve months ended December 31, 2012.
 
On June 29, 2012 the company issued a total of 550,000 restricted common shares for which the company received a total of $192,500 in subscriptions for shares at a price of $0.35 per share as part of the exercising of warrants.

On August 17, 2012 the company issued a total of 333,000 restricted common shares for which the company received a total of $116,667 in subscriptions for shares at a price of $0.35 per share as part of the exercising of warrants.

 
F-11

 
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
 
 
7.     Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) – continued

f)  
Common share purchase warrants:

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company issued 91,667 units pursuant to a private placement at a price of $0.60 per unit for gross proceeds of $55,000.  Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrant.  Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional share of common stock at a price of $0.35 for one year.  The Company allocated $41,078 to the common shares and $13,922 to the share purchase warrants based on the relative fair values.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company issued 1,499,999 units pursuant to a private placement at a price of $0.30 per unit for gross proceeds of $450,000.  Each unit consists of one common share and one share purchase warrant, with each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one share at an exercise price of $0.35 per share for one year. The Company allocated $304,415 to the common shares and $145,585 to the share purchase warrants based on the relative fair values.

During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company issued a total of 883,333 restricted common shares at a price of $0.35 per share pursuant to exercising of warrants issued in 2011.  The remaining 708,333 warrants expired unexercised during the year ended December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had no warrants outstanding.

The following table summarizes information about warrants outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2012:

   
Number of warrants
$
   
Weighted average exercise price
$
 
             
Warrants outstanding – Beginning of year
    1,591,666       0.35  
Exercised
    (883,333 )     0.35  
Expired
    (708,333 )     0.35  
                 
Warrants outstanding – End of year
    -       -  
 
d)  
Stock Options
  
On July 15 2010, the Company granted 2 million incentive stock options to various directors, officers, advisors and consultants.  The stock options are exercisable at a rate of $0.70 per share over a period of three years.
 
On April 21, 2011, all the options were cancelled. As at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company has no options outstanding.

 
F-12

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)


8.     Income Taxes

Reconciliation of the Company’s income tax expenses are as follows:

   
Dec 31, 2012
   
Dec 31, 2011
 
             
Loss for the year
  $ (444,826 )   $ (875,679 )
Expected income tax recovery at statutory rates of 35%
    (155,689 )     (306,488 )
Non-deductible item
    26,227       63,721  
Increase in valuation allowance
    129,462       242,767  
    $ -     $ -  
 
The components of future income tax assets are as follows:

   
Dec 31, 2012
   
Dec 31, 2011
 
Future income tax assets
           
Non-capital losses carried forward and others
  $ 1,310,363     $ 1,180,901  
Less:  Valuation allowance
    (1,310,363 )     (1,180,901 )
Net future income tax assets
  $ -     $ -  

The Company has adopted FASB ASC 740-10 to account for income taxes.  The Company currently has no issues creating timing differences that would mandate deferred tax expense.  Net operating losses would create possible tax assets in future years.  Due to the uncertainty of the utilization of net operating loss carry forwards, an evaluation allowance has been made to the extent of any tax benefit that net operating losses may generate.  A provision for income taxes has not been made due to net operating loss carry-forwards of $3,741,000 and $3,374,000 as of December 31, 2012and December 31, 2011, respectively, which may be offset against future taxable income through to 2032.

The Company did not have any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next 12 months.

The tax years that remain subject to examination by major taxing jurisdictions are those for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

 
F-13

 
IGEN Networks Corp
Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
 

9.     Financial Instruments

Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. The Company deposits cash and cash equivalents with high credit quality financial institutions as determined by rating agencies.  As a result, credit risk is considered insignificant.

Currency Risk

The Company’s major expenses and payables are in United States dollars and are expected to continue to incur in United States dollars.  Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the United States dollar and other currency may have a material effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.  The Company is subject to foreign exchange risk for transactions in its Canadian subsidiary as at December 31, 2012. The Company does not actively hedge against foreign currency fluctuations.

Interest Rate Risk

The Company has cash balances and no interest bearing debt. The Company’s current policy is to invest excess cash in high yield term deposits and bankers’ acceptance. The Company regularly monitors its cash management policy. Interest rate risk is remote as the interest rates on the Company’s short-term investment have fixed interest rates.

Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that an entity will encounter difficulty in meeting obligations associated with its financial liabilities.
 
The Company manages liquidity risk by continuously monitoring actual and projected cash flows and matching the maturity profile of financial assets and liabilities. As at December 31, 2012, the Company had a working capital surplus of $66,189 (2011 – $141,982).

10. Subsequent Event
 
The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date of these financial statements were issued in accordance with FASB ASC 855 and reports the following subsequent events:

On March 12 2013 the Company acquired 2,078,080 shares of Gogiro Internet Group, Inc. through the issuance of 1,731,733 restricted common shares of the Company.  Neil Chan, CEO and Director of both companies, exchanged 2,000,000 Gogiro shares for 1,666,667 shares of the Company.  The purchase was approved through Board of Director’s consent resolution in which Neil Chan abstained from voting and specified in a Stock Purchase Agreement signed between Neil Chan and the Company.  As of the date of the filing of this 10K the share issuances were in process.

On March 25, 2013 via Board of Directors Consent Resolution the Company ratified and adopted a Stock Option Plan, created an option pool of 4,000,000 options, and granted 1,475,000 options to Directors of the Company, consistent with employment agreements signed in 2011 and included as Exhibit 10.1 and 10.2.

On March 26, 2013, Neil Chan exercised his options to purchase 444,444 at the strike price of $0.09 per share for a total price of $39,999.96.  As of the date of the filing of this 10K the share issuance was in process.
 
F-14

 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
 
The Company did effect a change of accountants in 2010:  on March 5, 2010, the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors approved the dismissal of Child Van Wagoner & Bradshaw, PLLC (CVWB) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, and on the same date the audit committee engaged ACAL Group, the Company’s current auditors, to serve as the Company’s independent accounting firm.

However there was no disagreements or any reportable events of the types described in paragraphs (a)(1)(iv) and (a)(1)(v) of Item 304(a) of Regulation S-K  in connection with this change, and there have been no disagreements with accountants over the past two years.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
The Company carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures with the participation of all the Company’s executives, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2012.  The conclusions of the Company’s principal executives was that the controls and procedures in place were effective such that the information required to be disclosed in our SEC reports was a) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and b) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive offer and chief operation officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
As of December 31, 2012, management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.  The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company.  Internal control over financial reporting is a set of processes designed by or under the supervision of the Company’s CEO, COO and CFO (or executives performing equivalent functions) to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and includes those policies and procedures that:
 
-  
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and farily reflect our transactions and dispositions of our assets;
-  
provide reasonable assurance our transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of our financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors;
-  
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.  In evaluating the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework.  Based on that evaluation, they concluded that during the period covered by this report, though there are weaknesses in the Company’s internal controls, given the current size of the organization, such internal controls and procedures as were in place were adequately effective to detect the inappropriate application of US GAAP.

Item 9B. Other Information.
 
During the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 there was no information required to be reported on Form 8K which was not previously reported.
 
 
14

 
PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

Directors and Executive Officers
 
The following lists the directors and executive officers of the Company as of December 31, 2012:
 
Name
Age
Position
Term of Office
Robert Nealon
57
Director, Chairman of the Board
8 July 2010 to present
Neil G. Chan
51
Director, Chief Executive Officer
1 September 2011 to present
Richard Freeman
52
Director, Chief Operating Officer
1 November 2011 to present
 
Business Experience
 
The following are brief backgrounds on the Directors and Officers of the Company

Robert Nealon, Chairman of the Board & Director
Mr. Nealon is the Principal Attorney in Nealon & Associates, P.C., and a Washington, D.C. based law and government relations firm. He has been practicing law for twenty-seven years and has achieved an AV rating from Martindale-Hubbell, the leading rating bureau for the legal profession. Mr. Nealon has a B.A. from University of Rochester (1977) and M.B.A. from Rochester Institute of Technology (1978). He received his Juris Doctorate, magna cum laude, from the University of Bridgeport in 1982 and his Masters of Law in Taxation (L.L.M.) degree from Georgetown University in 1984. He is a member of the bar associations of New York State and Virginia, the American Bar Association and the Federal Bar Association. Mr. Nealon served as Adjunct Instructor of Corporate Law, George Washington University from 1985 until 2005. Mr. Nealon has been lead counsel on hundreds of commercial trials, including multi-million dollar derivative action lawsuits, security fraud and government contract fraud. He has been counsel to hundreds of corporations, including insurance affinity marketing, manufacturing and multiple financial institutions. Mr. Nealon has been active over the years in national politics and government relations.

Mr. Nealon was appointed to the Virginia Small Business Advisory Board by former Virginia Governor Warner and was reappointed to this state board by Governor Kaine through 2010 as its Chairman. Mr. Nealon is also a current appointee to the George Mason University Advisory Board for the Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution in Arlington, Virginia. He  is a Director of the Alexandria Small Business Development Corporation. He is also an active member of the National Press Club and the Democratic National Club.

Neil G. Chan, Chief Executive Officer & Director
Mr. Chan is a career technologist who has pioneered the early adoption of disruptive technologies in more than 45 countries over the last 30 years. From start-up to $400M in annual revenues, Mr Chan has led and created the best-in-class sales, marketing, and service organizations during the development of wireless data infrastructure, mobile content, Software-as-a-Service for commercial fleets, and HFC broadband infrastructure. Mr Chan led the first technology transfer initiative between Canada and Mainland China on behalf of Spar Aerospace and Gandalf Technologies Inc., during the mid-1980s along with training, product marketing and sales responsibilities for growing Gandalf's export markets; shortly after Mr Chan was recruited to Motorola Inc., to lead the product marketing of the industry's first mobile data solutions for public safety, taxi, utility, and field service markets. Mr Chan led Motorola's initiative to expand into public data networks throughout the Asia Pacific region during the 1990s and subsequently was promoted to Managing Director to lead the expansion of HFC data and voice broadband networks throughout the region. In the spring of 2000, Mr Chan joined Airvana Inc., to lead business development for the early adoption of CDMA-based broadband wireless networks which today continue to serve millions of users throughout North America and Latin America. Most recently, Mr Chan led worldwide sales and marketing of fleet management services for WebTech Wireless Inc., which contributed five years of record growth and industry leadership across government and transportation markets. Mr Chan has served on the Executive Review Board of Royal Roads University and continues to mentor and support early stage technology companies. Mr Chan is Chairman and CEO of the privately-held Gogiro Internet Group.
 
 
15

 
Richard Freeman, Chief Operating Officer & Director
Mr. Freeman is a senior high-tech operations and product development executive with over 25 years experience managing leading-edge hardware and software communications solutions and services across a broad-range of technologies and international markets. Mr. Freeman's career began with Mobile Data International where he spearhead adoption of early private wireless data networks for Taxi, Public Safety and Utility markets, overseeing 800Mhz radio Manufacturing Engineering, data terminal manufacturing, RF system design, and International sales support and system deployment.   In the early 90’s, Mr. Freeman was responsible for technical sales support and system implementation for Motorola’s Wireless Data Group located in London and Paris. Mr. Freeman was instrumental in Motorola’s successful launch into European Taxi markets, along with the global launch of data infrastructure with the responsibility for product definition, marketing, and implementation of wireless data infrastructure based on Motorola DataTAC and ARDIS network solutions.

Mr. Freeman subsequently joined Sierra Wireless where he led definition, development, and successful deployment of many world-class leading edge CDPD, 1xRTT, GPRS, and EVDO wireless data modem hardware and enabling software solutions for international markets.   In 2002 Mr. Freeman joined WebTech Wireless, where he defined target markets and requirements for mobile hardware and Fleet Management services.  Promoted to VP Operations he oversaw the successful growth of the organization, supporting ongoing 60% annual growth in shipments and software-as-a-service revenues, a tripling of personnel, five-fold growth in corporate and manufacturing facilities and infrastructure, and the successful implementation of many multiple multi-million dollar projects.

In 2011 Mr. Freeman was Sr. VP Operations and Product Management for Saturna Green Systems, focusing on developing embedded telematics solutions for the electric vehicle industry.  Mr. Freeman holds a BaSC in Electrical Engineering from the University of British Columbia.

Code of Ethics
 
The Company has not yet adopted a complete code of ethics policy as defined in Item 406 of Regulation S-K, however the company has adopted a disclosure policy that applies to all directors, officers and employees of the Company, as part of a program to establish a comprehensive code of ethics.  The Company’s disclosure policy is available on its website www.igen-networks.com .

Audit Committee and Financial Expert
 
The Company does not have an audit committee.  The Company is still small and the functions of an audit committee are done by the board of directors as a whole, as specified in section 3(a)(58)(B) of the Exchange Act.  As such the company has no audit committee financial expert serving on an audit committee.  The board of directors however is confident in its ability as a whole to perform the functions required of an audit committee.
 
 
16

 
Item 11. Executive Compensation.

Summary Compensation Table
 
Name and principal position
 
Year
   
Salary ($)
   
Stock awards ($)
   
Option awards
 ($)
   
Total($)
 
 
Neil G. Chan
Director, President & CEO
 
2012
2011
     
60,070
19,6794
 4
 4
   
0
0
     
0
0
     
60,070
19,679
 
Richard Freeman
Director, COO
 
2012
2011
     
63,8274
9,7714
 4
 4
   
0
0
     
0
0
     
63,827
9,771
 
Monty Ormsby
Director, President1
 
2012
2011
     
0
0
      0      
0
-123,500
 3    
0
-123,500
 
Richard Gilbertson
Director, CFO1
 
2012
2011
     
0
0
     
0
0
     
0
-71,600
 3    
0
-71600
 
Michael Grudman
Director, CFO2
 
2012
2011
     
0
0
     
0
0
     
0
-143,200
 3    
0
-143,200
 
 
1Resigned September 1, 2011
2Resigned July 5, 2010
3Options granted in 2010 that were cancelled by board resolution in 2011.
Valuation of Stock and Option awards are based on the issuance details listed in the Statement of Stockholder’s Equity in the Company’s financial statements.
4Salary for services as an executive officer.  No compensation for services as a director received in 2011 or 2012.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-end
 
The company currently has no unearned, unvested, or unexercised options, shares, units, or other rights.    All previously granted stock awards were fully vested when granted, and any and all previously granted options were cancelled by board resolution in 2011.

Director Compensation1
 
Name and principal position
 
Year
 
Salary ($)
   
Stock awards ($)
   
Option awards
   
Total($)
 
 
Robert Nealon
Director, COB
 
2012
2011
   
0
0
     
0
250,000
     
0
-179,000
     
0
-179,000
 
1Provides information on Directors not serving as executive officers only.  Compensation for directors also servicing as executive officers is listed in the summary compensation table at the beginning of this Item.
2Options granted in 2010 that were cancelled by board resolution in 2011.

 
17

 
Discussion of Executive and Director Compensation
 
Compensation of Directors
 
Directors are currently not paid any compensation for acting as directors.  None of the directors of the company were compensated for acting in their capacity as a director in 2012.

Compensation of Executives
 
The CEO and COO of the Company, who are also directors of the Company, are paid $60,070 and $63,827 per annum respectively as compensation for services in their respective capacities as executive officers.  No options or stock compensation were granted to executive officers in 2012.

There are currently no long term incentive plans or pension plans for directors or officers of the Company.

The company does not currently provide indemnity insurance coverage for directors and officers of the Company.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
 
The Company is small and has no compensation committee.  The board of directors as a whole acts in the capacity of a compensation committee.  All executive officers of the Company are also directors of the Company and as such were and are able to vote on matters of compensation.  Though the company is not legally obligated to establish a compensation committee, we may do so when the company reaches a critical mass and/or when deemed advisable by the board.

Compensation Committee Report
 
As a smaller reporting company, the Company is not required to report the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K, and as such there was no review or recommendation as to its inclusion in this report.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The following tables list information that is accurate as of December 31, 2012.

Securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans

On July 15, 2010, the Company granted two million incentive stock option, exercisable at a rate of $0.70 per share over a period of three years,  to various directors, officers, advisors and consultants of the Company.  However on April 21, 2011, all options were cancelled by resolution of the board.  As of December 31 2012 the Company had no options outstanding.
 
 
18

 
Equity Compensation Plan Information

 
 
Plan category
 
Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise of
outstanding options, warrants and rights
   
Weighted-average exercise
price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
   
Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance under equity
compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))
 
   
(a)
   
(a)
   
(a)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
    0       0       0  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
    0       0       0  
Total
    0       0       0  
 
Security Ownership of certain beneficial owners

(1) Title of class 
 
(2) Name and address of beneficial owner
 
(3) Amount and nature of beneficial ownership
   
(4) Percent of class
 
Common Shares
 
 
Machlink Inc
321 Port St. Charles, St. Peters, Barbados
    1,000,000       6.67 %

Security Ownership of management

1) Title of class
(2) Name and address of beneficial owner
 
(3) Amount and nature of
beneficial ownership
   
4) Percent of class
 
 
Robert Nealon
Director, COB
    521,571       3.48 %
 
Neil G. Chan
Director, President & CEO
    20,000       0.13 %
 
Richard Freeman
Director, COO
    0       0 %
 
 
19

 
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

Transactions with related persons, promoters and certain control persons

On March 12 2013 the Company acquired 2,078,080 shares of Gogiro Internet Group, Inc. through the issuance of 1,731,733 restricted common shares of the Company.  Neil Chan, CEO and Director of both companies, exchanged 2,000,000 Gogiro shares for 1,666,667 shares of the Company.  The purchase was approved through Board of Director’s consent resolution in which Neil Chan abstained from voting and specified in a Stock Purchase Agreement signed between Neil Chan and the Company.  As of the date of the filing of this 10K the share issuances were in process.  Between February 20 2013 and March 15 2013 the Company’s shares traded at or closed at $0.10 on the OTCQB so the approximate value of the transaction calculated on the basis of market value would be $207,808 and the amount of Neil Chan’s interest in the transaction would be $166,666.
 
Director Independence
 
The Company’s common stock is listed on the OTCQB inter-dealer quotation system, which does not have director independence requirements.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

Audit Fees
 
Aggregate fees billed for professional services rendered by the Company’s principal accountant for the audit of the Company’s annual financial statements, review of financial statements in quarterly filings, or services associated with statutory and regulatory filings for the last two fiscal years are as follows:

2011: $17,500
2012: $17,500

Audit Related Fees
 
Aggregate fees billed in the last two fiscal years for assurance and related services by the Company’s principal accountant that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of the registrant’s financial statements and are not reported above are as follows:

2011:  $0
2012:  $0
 
 
20

 
Tax Fees
 
Aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for professional services rendered by the Company’s principal accountant for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning are as follows:

2011:  $0
2012:  $0

All Other Fees
 
Aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for products and services provided by the principal accountant, other than the services reported above, are as follows:

2011:  $0
2012:  $0

Audit Committee’s Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
 
The Company does not at this time have an audit committee and no formal pre-approval policies or procedures have yet been implemented.  The board of directors acting in lieu of an audit committee is required to pre-approve the engagement of the Company’s principle accountant for non-auditing services.
 
 
 
21

 
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.

(1)Financial statements:
- Audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2012

(2) Financial statement schedules
- none

(3) Exhibits

Exhibit Index
 
3(i)
 
3(ii)
 
10.1
 
10.2
 
21
 
31.1
 
31.2
 
32.1 
 
32.2
 
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document
 
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 

 
22

 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
IGEN Networks Corp
 
       
April 15, 2013
By:
/s/ Neil Chan
 
   
Neil Chan
 
   
Director, Chief Executive Officer
 
       
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
 
 
Company Name
 
       
April 15, 2013
By:
/s/ Richard Freeman
 
   
Richard Freeman
 
   
Director, Chief Operating Officer
 
       
 
 
23