Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2007

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number 0-23006

 


DSP GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   94-2683643

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

  (I.R.S. employer identification number)

 

3120 Scott Boulevard, Santa Clara, California   95054
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (408) 986-4300

 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer  ¨        Accelerated filer  x        Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  ¨    No  x

As of November 1, 2007, there were 32,426,210 shares of Common Stock ($.001 par value per share) outstanding.

 



Table of Contents

INDEX

DSP GROUP, INC.

 

         Page No.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

Item 1.

 

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

  
 

Condensed consolidated balance sheets— September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006

   2
 

Condensed consolidated statements of income— Three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006

   4
 

Condensed consolidated statements of cash flows— Nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006

   5
 

Condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity— Three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006

   6
 

Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements— September 30, 2007

   8

Item 2.

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   18

Item 3.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

   27

Item 4.

 

Controls and Procedures

   27

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

  

Item 1.

 

Legal Proceedings

   27

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

   27

Item 2.

 

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

   41

Item 6.

 

Exhibits

   41

SIGNATURES

   42

 

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Table of Contents

PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DSP GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(US dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

    

September 30,

2007

   December 31,
2006
     Unaudited    Audited
ASSETS      

CURRENT ASSETS:

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 38,192    $ 37,344

Short-term investments

     1,576      22,698

Marketable securities

     68,254      109,472

Trade receivables, net

     42,833      21,489

Deferred income taxes

     2,638      1,516

Other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses

     22,564      4,049

Inventories

     16,352      14,366
             

TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS

     192,409      210,934
             

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

     14,926      12,644
             

LONG-TERM ASSETS:

     

Marketable securities

     50,996      179,368

Long-term prepaid expenses and lease deposits

     699      672

Deferred income taxes

     4,916      1,987

Severance pay fund

     6,311      5,689

Intangible assets, net

     100,874      1,194

Goodwill

     145,555      1,500
             
     309,351      190,410
             

TOTAL ASSETS

   $ 516,686    $ 413,988
             

Note: The balance sheet at December 31, 2006 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DSP GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(US dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

    

September 30,

2007

    December 31,
2006
 
     Unaudited     Audited  
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY     

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

    

Trade payables

   $ 20,329     $ 10,950  

Accrued compensation and benefits

     10,193       9,215  

Accrued restructuring liability

     7,000       —    

Income taxes payables

     12,532       10,359  

Accrued expenses and other accounts payable

     16,792       10,650  
                

TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES

     66,846       41,174  
                

Accrued severance pay

     6,650       6,065  

Accrued pensions, net

     1,663       —    
                

TOTAL LONG TERM LIABILITIES

     8,313       6,065  
                

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

    

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value - Authorized shares: 5,000,000 at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006; Issued and outstanding shares: none at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006

     —         —    

Common stock, $0.001 par value - Authorized shares: 50,000,000 at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006; Issued and outstanding: 32,421,148 and 28,377,838 shares at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively

     32       28  

Additional paid-in capital

     298,173       216,041  

Treasury stock

     (45,954 )     (44,546 )

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     569       28  

Retained earnings

     188,707       195,198  
                

TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     441,527       366,749  
                

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   $ 516,686     $ 413,988  
                

Note: The balance sheet at December 31, 2006 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DSP GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(US dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

     Three Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
     2007     2006    2007     2006
     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)    (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)

Revenues

   $ 61,866     $ 63,875    $ 163,590     $ 176,565

Cost of revenues (1)

     37,201       37,689      98,434       103,676
                             

Gross profit

     24,665       26,186      65,156       72,889
                             

Operating expenses:

         

Research and development (2)

     13,874       12,242      39,095       35,553

Sales and marketing (3)

     4,680       4,357      12,987       12,233

General and administrative (4)

     3,271       2,771      10,196       8,466
                             

In process R&D write-off

     10,120       —        10,120       —  
                             

Amortization of intangibles and other assets

     3,057       —        3,057       —  
                             

Total operating expenses

     35,002       19,370      75,455       56,252
                             

Operating (loss) income

     (10,337 )     6,816      (10,299 )     16,637

Interest and other income, net

     2,569       3,372      9,148       9,832
                             

Income (Loss) before taxes

     (7,768 )     10,188      (1,151 )     26,469

Tax expenses (benefit) on income (5)

     (272 )     2,136      2,016       5,691
                             

Net (loss) income

   $ (7,496 )   $ 8,052    $ (3,167 )   $ 20,778
                             

Net (loss) earnings per share:

         

Basic

   $ (0.25 )   $ 0.28    $ 0.11     $ 0.70
                             

Diluted

   $ (0.25 )   $ 0.27    $ 0.11     $ 0.68
                             

 

(1) Includes equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $143 and $126 for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $475 and $335 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively (2) Includes equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $1,450 and $1,653 for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $5,467 and $4,578 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

(3) Includes equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $329 and $344 for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $1,216 and $966 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

(4) Includes equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $958 and $854 for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and includes equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $3,583 and $2,950 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

(5) Includes tax benefit resulting from equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $113 and $126 for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, the figures include tax benefit resulting from equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $456 and $335, respectively.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DSP GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(US dollars in thousands)

 

     Nine Months ended
September 30,
 
     2007     2006  

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 23,159     $ 25,073  

Investing activities

    

Purchase of marketable securities and short-term investments

     (56,675 )     (91,781 )

Proceeds from maturity and sale of marketable securities and short-term investments

     242,681       59,101  

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

     46       —    

Purchases of property and equipment

     (2,613 )     (6,336 )

Acquisition of the cordless and VoIP Terminals business of NXP B.V (1)

     (201,081 )     —    
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (17,642 )     (39,016 )

Financial activities

    

Purchase of treasury stock

     (7,730 )     (31,465 )

Issuance of common stock and treasury stock for cash upon exercise of options

     3,055       31,825  
                

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     (4,675 )     360  
                

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   $ 842     $ (13,583 )
                

Cash erosion due to exchange rate differences

     6       —    
                

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period

   $ 37,344     $ 50,460  
                

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period

   $ 38,192     $ 36,877  
                

 

(1) On September 4, 2007, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of the cordless and VoIP terminals business (the “CIPT Business”) of NXP B.V. (“NXP”) (the “Acquisition”).

The net fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, on the date of the Acquisition, was as follows:

 

Working capital, excluding cash and cash equivalents

   19,294  

Pension liability

   (1,630 )

Property and equipment, net

   2,716  

Technology

   75,580  

Backlog

   4,820  

In process research and development

   10,120  

Customers relations

   22,151  

Trademarks

   590  

Goodwill

   143,712  
      
   277,353  

Issuance of shares

   (71,396 )

Unpaid transaction costs

   (4,876 )
      
   201,081  
      

 

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DSP GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(US dollars in thousands)

 

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2006
   Number of
Common
Stock
    Common
Stock
    Additional
Paid-In
Capital
   Treasury
Stock
    Retained
Earnings
    Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Total
Comprehensive
Income
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 

Balance at June 30, 2006

   29,331     $ 29     $ 209,093    $ (24,519 )   $ 187,902     $ 347       $ 372,852  

Net income

   —         —         —        —         8,052       —       $ 8,052       8,052  

Unrealized gain from hedging activities, net

   —         —         —        —         —         (95 )     (95 )     (95 )
                       

Total comprehensive income

                $ 7,957    

Purchase of Treasury Stock

   (271 )     ( *     —        (6,492 )     —         —           (6,492 )

Equity-based Compensation

   —         —         2,977      —         —         —           2,977  

Issuance of Treasury Stock upon Purchase of ESPP shares

   40       ( *     —        1,014       (266 )     —           748  

Issuance of Treasury Stock upon exercise of stock options by employees

   197       ( *     —        4,960       (1,617 )     —           3,343  
                                                       

Balance at September 30, 2006

   29,297     $ 29     $ 212,070    $ (25,037 )   $ 194,071     $ 252       $ 381,385  
                                                       
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2007
                                               

Balance at June 30, 2007

   28,163     $ 28     $ 223,902    $ (47,544 )   $ 196,637     $ (1,533 )     $ 371,490  

Net loss

   —         —         —        —         (7,496 )     —       $ (7,496 )     (7,496 )

Unrealized gain from hedging activities, net

   —         —         —        —         —         618       618       618  

Unrealized gain from marketable securities

   —         —         —        —         —         843       843       843  

Unrealized gain from foreign currency translation adjustments

   —         —         —        —         —         641       641       641  
                       

Total comprehensive loss

                $ (5,394 )  

Equity-based compensation

   —         —         2,880      —         —         —         —         2,880  

Issuance of shares in related to the investment in the cordless and VoIP terminals business

   4,187       4       71,391      —         —         —         —         71,395  

Issuance of Treasury Stock upon purchase of ESPP shares

   49       ( *     —        1,095       (242 )     —           853  

Issuance of Treasury Stock upon exercise of stock options by employees

   22       ( *     —        495       (192 )     —           303  
                                                       

Balance at September 30, 2007

   32,421     $ 32     $ 298,173    $ (45,954 )   $ 188,707     $ 569       $ 441,527  
                                                       

 

(* Represents an amount lower than $1.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DSP GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(US dollars in thousands)

 

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2006
   Number of
Common
Stock
    Common
Stock
    Additional
Paid-In
Capital
   Treasury
Stock
    Retained
Earnings
    Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Total
Comprehensive
Income
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 

Balance at December 31, 2005

   28,596     $ 29     $ 188,539    $ (19,447 )   $ 179,968     $ 45       $ 349,134  

Net income

   —         —         —        —         20,778       $ 20,778       20,778  

Unrealized gain from hedging activities, net

   —         —         —        —         —         207       207       207  
                       

Total comprehensive income

                $ 20,985    

Purchase of Treasury Stock

   (1,247 )     (1 )     —        (31,465 )     —         —           (31,466 )

Issuance of Common Stock upon exercise of options employees

   852       ( *     14,499      —         —         —           14,499  

Equity-based Compensation

         8,829              8,829  

Issuance of Treasury Stock upon purchase of ESPP shares

   80       ( *     —        1,939       (437 )     —           1,502  

Issuance of Treasury Stock upon exercise of stock options by employees

   1,016       1       203      23,936       (6,238 )     —           17,902  
                                                       

Balance at September 30, 2006

   29,297     $ 29     $ 212,070    $ (25,037 )   $ 194,071     $ 252       $ 381,385  
                                                       
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2007
                                               

Balance at December 31, 2006

   28,378     $ 28     $ 216,041    $ (44,546 )   $ 195,198     $ 28       $ 366,749  

Net loss

   —         —         —        —         (3,167 )     —       $ (3,167 )     (3,167 )

Unrealized gain from hedging activities, net

   —         —         —        —         —         457       457       457  

Unrealized loss from marketable securities

   —         —         —        —         —         (557 )     (557 )     (557 )

Unrealized (loss) gain from foreign currency translation adjustments

   —         —         —        —         —         641       641       641  
                       

Total comprehensive loss

                $ (2,625 )  

Purchase of Treasury Stock

   (421 )     ( *     —        (7,730 )     —             (7,730 )

Equity-based compensation

   —         —         10,741      —         —         —         —         10,741  

Issuance of shares in related to the acquisition of the cordless and VoIP terminals business

   4,187       4       71,391      —         —         —         —         71,395  

Issuance of Treasury Stock upon purchase of ESPP shares

   93       ( *     —        2,125       (457 )     —           1,668  

Issuance of Treasury Stock upon exercise of stock options by employees

   184       ( *     —        4,197       (1,382 )         2,815  

Cumulative impact of change in accounting for uncertainties in income taxes (Fin-48)

   —         —         —        —         (1,485 )     —         —         (1,485 )
                                                       

Balance at September 30, 2007

   32,421     $ 32     $ 298,173    $ (45,954 )   $ 188,707     $ 569       $ 441,527  
                                                       

 

(* Represents an amount lower than $1.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DSP GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2007

(UNAUDITED)

(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

NOTE A—BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2007. For further information, reference is made to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of DSP Group, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2006.

FIN 48 - Uncertainty in income taxes:

In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement 109” (FIN 48”). FIN 48 establishes a single model to address accounting for uncertain tax positions. FIN 48 clarified the accounting for income taxes by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.

Reclassification

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

NOTE B—ACQUISITION OF THE CORDLESS AND VOIP TERMINALS BUSINESS OF NXP B.V.

On September 4, 2007, the Company acquired the cordless and VoIP terminals business of NXP (the “CIPT Business”), then a part of NXP’s Mobile and Personal Business Unit (the “Acquisition”). The CIPT Business targets applications for the cordless and VoIP residential telephony market, mainly European (1.9GHz) telephony (DECT). In connection with the Acquisition, the Company paid NXP approximately $200 million in cash and issued 4,186,603 shares of the Company’s common stock to NXP. The Company also agreed to a contingent cash payment of up to $75 million payable based on future revenue performance of the products of the CIPT Business for the first four financial quarters following the closing of the Acquisition. With the Acquisition, the Company seeks to, among other things, elevate the cordless and VoIP terminals business to a new and strategic marketing position and leverage NXP’s customer relations in Europe to become a leader in the European DECT market and introduce to the market products enabling new features and applications.

The Acquisition has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting as determined in Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 141, “Business Combinations.” Accordingly, the purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair value on the date of the Acquisition. The allocation period is expected to be closed by the end of 2007, when the Company determines that it is no longer waiting for information, which is known to be available or obtainable, in order to properly identify and measure the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.

 

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The results of operations of the combined business, including the acquired business, have been included in the consolidated financial statements since September 4, 2007.

The total consideration of $277,919 (including estimated transaction costs of $5,400) for the business purchased consisted of (i) cash in the amount of $201,123 and (ii) 4,186,603 newly issued shares of the Company’s common stock, with an aggregate value of $71,396.

Based upon a preliminary valuation of the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the Company has allocated the total cost of the Acquisition as follows:

 

     As of
September 4, 2007
 

Current assets

   $ 30,092  

Property and equipment

     2,716  

Other non-current assets

     396  

Intangible assets:

  

Goodwill

     143,712  

In-process research and development

     10,120  

Current technology

     75,580  

Customer relations

     22,151  

Tradename and trademark

     590  

Backlog

     4,820  
        

Total assets acquired

     290,177  
        

Liabilities assumed:

  

Current liabilities (including $7,000 of restructuring costs)

     (10,628 )

Pension liability

     (1,630 )
        

Net assets acquired

   $ 277,919  
        

The preliminary allocation of the intangibles assets was determined based on several valuation approaches.

The amount allocated to in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) of the cordless and VoIP technologies was determined using the income approach. These technologies were considered to have no alternative future use, other than the technological indications for which they were in development, and no technological feasibility had been established. Accordingly, this amount was expensed in the consolidated statement of operations, upon consummation of the Acquisition in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 4, “Applicability of FASB Statement No. 2 to Business Combinations Accounted for by the Purchase Method” (“FIN 4”).

The amount of the excess cost attributable to current technologies relates to VoIP and cordless technologies, other than the technology that was identified as IPR&D, was determined using the income approach on the basis of the present value of cash flows attributable to the current VoIP and cordless technologies and is amortized on a straight-line basis over expected future life of between four to five years. The expected future life period was estimated based on the duration of the cash flow associated with the existing technologies and managements estimates of its useful life.

The value assigned to the customer relations was determined using the income approach. This valuation is based on the backlog on the date of the Acquisition, historical revenues by customer and customer renewal rates, and is amortized using the accelerated method over 7.7 years.

 

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The value of tradenames and trademarks was based on cost to generate. This cost was estimated based on the historical advertising and promotion spending and is amortized on a straight-line basis over two years.

The value assigned to the backlog was determined using the income approach and is amortized on a straight line basis over 0.3 years.

The excess of the cost of $143,712 over the net of the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. An acquired workforce that did not meet the separability criteria has been included in the amount assigned to goodwill. The goodwill recognized mainly represents the Company’s expected synergies in cost savings in operational expenses of the acquired CIPT Business with the Company’s existing business, as well as the expected benefit to the Company of the elimination of a competitor from the cordless and VoIP market.

In connection with the Acquisition, the Company recorded $7,000 of severance, severance related costs and contract termination costs in the preliminary allocation of the cost of the Acquisition in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No, 95-3, “Recognition of liabilities in connection with a purchase business combination.” The Company expects to finalize the restructuring plan and pay the full amount of such costs within twelve months of the consummation of the Acquisition.

The unaudited pro forma information below assumes that the Acquisition had been consummated on January 1, 2007 and January 1, 2006, includes the effect of amortization of intangibles and other assets and does not include the IPR&D write-off on those dates. This data is presented for information purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations or the results that would have been achieved had the Acquisition taken place on those dates. The pro forma information is as follows:

 

     Nine months ended
September 30,
     2006    2007
     Unaudited

Net revenues

   $ 345,620    $ 280,996
             

Net income

   $ 28,852    $ 777
             

Net earning per share

   $ 0.83    $ 0.02
             

NOTE C—INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the average cost method. The Company periodically evaluates the quantities on hand relative to current and historical selling prices and historical and projected sales volume. Based on these evaluations, provisions are made in each period to write inventory down to its net realizable value. Inventories are composed of the following:

 

     September 30,
2007
   December 31,
2006
     (Unaudited)    (Audited)

Work-in-process

   $ 4,505    $ 5,248

Finished goods

     11,847      9,118
             
   $ 16,352    $ 14,366
             

NOTE D—NET EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic net earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period. For the same periods, diluted net earnings per share further include the effect of dilutive stock options and

 

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stock appreciation rights outstanding during the period, all in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.” The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net earnings per share:

 

    

Three months ended

September 30,

   Nine months ended
September 30,
     2007     2006    2007     2006
     Unaudited

Net (loss) income

   $ (7,496 )   $ 8,052    $ (3,167 )   $ 20,778

Earnings (loss) per share:

         

Basic

   $ (0.25 )   $ 0.28    $ (0.11 )   $ 0.70

Diluted

   $ (0.25 )   $ 0.27    $ (0.11 )   $ 0.68

Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period used to compute basic net earnings per share

     29,436       29,279      28,716       29,543

Incremental shares attributable to exercise of outstanding options (assuming proceeds would be used to purchase Treasury Stock)

     113       469      187       845
                             

Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock used to compute diluted net earnings per share

     29,549       29,748      28,903       30,388
                             

NOTE E—INVESTMENTS IN MARKETABLE SECURITIES

The Company accounts for investments in marketable securities in accordance with SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”. Management determines the appropriate classification of its investments in government and corporate marketable debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such determinations at each balance sheet date.

The Company classifies marketable securities as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported in other comprehensive income. The amortized cost of marketable securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization and interest are included in financial income, net. Interest and dividends on securities are included in financial income, net. Prior to the second quarter of 2007, marketable securities were classified as held-to-maturity as the Company previously had the intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity and were stated at amortized cost.

The following is a summary of marketable securities at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006:

 

     Amortized cost    Unrealized losses, net     Estimated fair value
     September 30,
2007
   December 31,
2006
   September 30,
2007
    December 31,
2006
    September 31,
2007
   December 31,
2006
     (Unaudited)    (Audited)    (Unaudited)     (Audited)     (Unaudited)    (Audited)

US government obligations and political subdivisions

   $ 77,696    $ 180,684    $ (414 )   $ (2,225 )   $ 77,282    $ 178,459

Corporate obligations

     42,111      108,156      (143 )     (775 )     41,968      107,381
   $ 119,807    $ 288,840    $ (557 )   $ (3,000 )   $ 119,250    $ 285,840

 

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The amortized cost of marketable securities at September 30, 2007, by contractual maturities or anticipated date of sale, is shown below:

 

     Amortized
cost
   Unrealized
losses
    Estimated
fair value

Due in one year or less

   $ 68,521    $ (267 )   $ 68,254

Due after one year to five years

     51,286      (290 )     50,996
   $ 119,807    $ (557 )   $ 119,250

The actual maturity dates may differ from the contractual maturities because debtors may have the right to call or prepay obligations without penalties.

The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in all types of securities are mainly due to interest rate increases. Since the Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until a recovery of fair value, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2007.

NOTE F—INCOME TAXES

The effective tax rate used in computing the provision for income taxes is based on projected fiscal year income before taxes, including estimated income by tax jurisdiction. The difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory rate is due primarily to foreign tax holiday and tax-exempt income in Israel. Tax provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 included the tax benefit associated with equity-based compensation expenses in the amount of $113 and $456, respectively. Tax provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 included the tax benefit associated with equity-based compensation expenses in the amount of $126 and $334, respectively.

In connection with the Acquisition, the Company applied for a tax ruling with the Swiss tax authorities to determine the tax rate applicable to the taxable income generated by the Company’s Swiss subsidiary, including the amortization period for tax purposes of goodwill and all other intangible assets acquired in the Acquisition). As of September 30, 2007 and the filing date of this periodic report, the tax ruling process has not been finalized.

In June 2006, FASB issued FIN 48 which establishes a single model to address accounting for uncertain tax positions. FIN 48 clarified the accounting for income taxes by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.

The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company recorded an increase of $1,485 (including interest in the amount of $240) associated with the liability for unrecognized tax benefits, which was accounted for as a reduction to the retained earnings balance as of January 1, 2007. As of January 1, 2007, the gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits was $11,466.

The Company recognizes accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The Company had $1,228 in interest related to unrecognized tax benefits accrued as of January 1, 2007. The Company and certain of its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. Currently the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for 2003 and 2004 are under examination. The last examination conducted by the U.S. tax authorities prior to the current examination was in respect to the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for 1998.

With respect to DSP Group Ltd., the Company’s Israeli subsidiary, the Company is no longer subject to income tax examinations for years before 2004.

 

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NOTE G—SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS

The Company sells its products to customers primarily through a network of distributors and representatives. Revenues derived from sales through one distributor, Tomen Electronics Corporation (“Tomen Electronics”), accounted for 40% and 70% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Additionally, Tomen Electronics accounted for 46% and 68% of the Company’s total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Japanese market and the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) that operate in that market are among the largest suppliers in the world with significant market share in the U.S. market for residential wireless products. Tomen Electronics sells the Company’s products to a limited number of customers. One customer, Panasonic Communications Co., Ltd. (“Panasonic”), has continually accounted for a majority of the sales of Tomen Electronics. Sales to Panasonic through Tomen Electronics generated approximately 24% and 29% of the Company’s revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. Sales to Panasonic through Tomen Electronics generated approximately 40% and 43% of the Company’s revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006. The loss of Tomen Electronics as a distributor and the Company’s inability to obtain a satisfactory replacement in a timely manner would harm its sales and results of operations. Additionally, the loss of Panasonic or Tomen Electronics’ inability to thereafter effectively market the Company’s products would also harm the Company’s sales and results of operations. Additionally, sales to Uniden through Tomen Electronics or directly to Uniden represented 9% and 13% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales to Uniden represented 16% and 13% of the Company’s total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Sales to Hong Kong-based CCT Telecom represented 14% and 16% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales to CCT Telecom represented 14% and 16% of the Company’s total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales to Hong Kong-based SunCorp represented 7% and 10% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 respectively. Sales to SunCorp represented 10% of the Company’s total revenues for both the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. Sales to Hong Kong-based VTech represented 13% and 0% of Company’s total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales to VTech represented 5% and 0% of the Company’s total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

NOTE H—DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”), requires companies to recognize all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position at fair value.

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge (i.e., hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk). The gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Any gain or loss on a derivative instrument in excess of the cumulative change in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item is recognized in current earnings during the period of change.

To protect against the increase in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flow resulting from salary and rent payments in New Israeli Shekels (“NIS”) of its Israeli Subsidiary during the year, the Company has instituted a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company hedges portions of the anticipated payroll and lease payments of its Israeli facilities denominated in NIS for a period of one to twelve months with put options and forward contracts.

These forward contracts and put options are designated as cash flow hedges, as defined by SFAS No. 133, and are all effective as hedges of these expenses.

 

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As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the Company recorded comprehensive income of $485 and $28, respectively, from its put options and forward contracts in respect to anticipated payroll and rent payments expected in 2007 and 2008. Such amounts will be recorded into earnings during the remainder of 2007 and during 2008.

NOTE I—CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising from its ordinary course of business. Also, as is typical in the semiconductor industry, the Company has been and may from time to time be notified of claims that the Company may be infringing patents or intellectual property rights owned by third parties. For example, in a lawsuit against Microsoft Corporation, AT&T asserted that the Company’s TrueSpeech 8.5 algorithm includes certain elements covered by a patent held by AT&T. AT&T sued Microsoft, one of the Company’s TrueSpeech 8.5 licensees, for infringement. The Company was not named in AT&T’s suit against Microsoft. During 2002, the Company created a provision, which was included in the cost of product revenues, in respect of this legal exposure. The Company currently believes that there are no claims or actions pending or threatened against it, the ultimate disposition of which would have a material adverse effect on the Company.

NOTE J—ACCOUNTING FOR EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION

Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123(R)”). SFAS 123(R) establishes accounting for equity-based awards exchanged for employee services. Accordingly, equity-based compensation cost is measured at grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s requisite service period. The Company previously applied APB 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and related interpretations and provided the required pro forma disclosures required under SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”). The Company elected to adopt the modified prospective application method as provided by SFAS 123(R), and, accordingly, the Company recorded compensation costs as the requisite service rendered for the unvested portion of previously issued awards that remain outstanding at the initial date of adoption and any awards issued, modified, repurchased or cancelled after the effective date of SFAS 123(R). Upon adoption of SFAS 123(R), the Company also changed its method of valuation for equity-based awards granted beginning in fiscal year 2006 to an exercise multiple-based lattice option-pricing model (“EMLM”/binomial model) from the Black-Scholes option-pricing model (“Black-Scholes model”), which was previously used to present the Company’s pro forma information required under SFAS 123. For options granted prior to 2006, the Company did not change its valuation method. Binomial models have evolved such that the currently available models are more capable of incorporating the features of the Company’s employee stock options than closed-form models such as the Black-Scholes model.

Grants for Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006:

The weighted average estimated fair value of employee stock options and share appreciation rights (“SAR”) granted during the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 was $5.49 and $8.58 per share, respectively, using the binomial model with the following weighted average assumptions (annualized percentages):

 

     Three months
ended
September 30,
2007
    Three months
ended
September 30,
2006
 

Volatility

   33.83 %   43.86 %

Risk-free interest rate

   4.61 %   5.24 %

Dividend yield

   0 %   0 %

Pre-vest cancellation rate

   5.05 %   3.41 %

Post-vest cancellation rate

   1.50 %   0.86 %

Suboptimal exercise factor

   1.66     1.67  

The expected life of employee stock options is impacted by all of the underlying assumptions used in the Company’s model. The binomial model assumes that employees’ exercise behavior is a function of the option’s remaining

 

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contractual life and the extent to which the option is in-the-money (i.e., the average stock price during the period is above the strike price of the stock option). The binomial model estimates the probability of exercise as a function of these two variables based on the history of exercises and cancellations of past option grants made by the Company. The expected life for options granted during the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 derived from the binomial model was 4.45 and 4.56 years, respectively.

Employee Stock Benefit Plans

As of September 30, 2007, the Company had five stock option plans and one employee stock purchase plan. As of September 30, 2007, approximately 193,000 shares of Common Stock remain available for grant under the Company’s employees stock purchase plan and approximately 2,225,000 shares of Common Stock remain available for grant under the Company’s stock option plans.

The table below presents a summary of information relating to the Company’s stock option and SAR grants pursuant to its stock option plans:

 

     Number of
Options/SAR
Units
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(years)
   Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(*)
                   (in thousands)

Outstanding at July 1, 2007

   6,816,194     $ 23.37      

Options granted

   4,000     $ 16.85      

SAR units granted (**)

   187,000     $ 17.92      

Options / SAR units cancelled/forfeited/expired

   (407,094 )   $ 26.02      

Options exercised

   (22,143 )   $ 13.63      

Outstanding at September 30, 2007(***)

   6,577,957     $ 23.08    4.78    $ 1,116

Exercisable at September 30, 2007(****)

   3,340,662     $ 22.61    3.61    $ 1,116

 

(*) Calculation of aggregate intrinsic value is based on the share price of the Company’s Common Stock as of September 30, 2007 ($15.83 per share).

 

(**) Each SAR grant is convertible for a maximum number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to 50% of the SAR units subject to the grant.

 

(***) Due to the ceiling imposed on the SAR grants, the outstanding amount can be exercised for a maximum of 5,214,961 shares of the Company’s Common Stock.

 

(****) Due to the ceiling imposed on the SAR grants, the currently exercisable amount can be exercised for a maximum of 3,137,182 shares of the Company’s Common Stock.

 

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Additional information about stock options outstanding at September 30, 2007 with exercise prices less than or above $15.83 per share (the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock at September 30, 2007) is as follows:

 

     Exercisable    Unexercisable    Total

Exercise Prices

   Number of
Options/
SAR Units
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Number of
Options/
SAR Units
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Number of
Options/
SAR Units
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Less than $15.83

   380,432    $ 12.90    —        —      380,432    $ 12.90

Above $15.83

   2,960,230    $ 23.86    3,237,295    $ 23.56    6,197,525    $ 23.70

Total

   3,340,662    $ 22.61    3,237,295    $ 23.56    6,577,957    $ 23.08

The Company’s aggregate compensation cost for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 totaled $2,880 and $2,977, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated income statement related to the Company’s equity-based compensation awards for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, was $113 and $126, respectively.

The Company’s aggregate compensation cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 totaled $10,742 and $8,829, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated income statement related to the Company’s equity-based compensation award for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 was $456 and $334, respectively.

As of September 30, 2007, there was $13,320 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested equity-based compensation awards granted under the Company’s stock option plans. This amount is expected to be recognized over the period from 2007 through 2011.

NOTE K—PENSION PLANS

The Company has employee benefit liabilities in Switzerland, Germany, France, Hong Kong and India. The largest of these plans is in Switzerland which is a cash balance type arrangement with payments, as a percentage of salary, made into a foundation on behalf of the Swiss employees but for which there is a guarantee of return on invested assets. For Germany, an unfunded cash balance plan is provided for a limited number of German employees and service awards are paid to all German employees after 25, 40 and 50 years of service. Additionally, there are a few German employees who benefit from early retirement plans. For France and Hong Kong, liabilities have been calculated for mandatory end-of-career payments and long-service awards. For India, liabilities have been calculated for long-service award and leave encashment.

The Company also participates in certain multi-employer pension plans. The related assets and liabilities are not included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet.

The liabilities for these plans have been calculated in accordance with Statement of Accounting Standards No. 87, “Employers’ Accounting for Pensions,” as of September 30, 2007. The projected benefit obligation (PBO) amounted to $13,100 and plan assets amounted to $11,400. The net pension liability of $1,700 was recognized on the balance sheet as of September 30, 2007.

The main assumptions used in the calculation of the PBO for the larger plans (Switzerland, Germany and France) are as follows:

 

     Switzerland     Germany     France  

Discount Rate

   3.25 %   4.75 %   4.5 %

Rate of Compensation Increase

   1%-4%
depending on
age
 
 
 
  2.5 %   3.0 %

 

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NOTE L—NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods thereafter. The Company is currently assessing the impact of SFAS No. 157 on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently assessing the impact of SFAS No. 159 on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The discussions in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our accompanying financial statements and the related notes thereto. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements included or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report, other than statements that are purely historical, are forward-looking statements. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates” and similar expressions also identify forward looking statements. The forward looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward looking statements and include, without limitation, statements regarding:

 

   

Our expectation that sales from 5.8GHz products and, to a lesser extent, 2.4GHz products, will continue to represent a significant percentage of our revenue for the remainder of 2007 and in future periods but U.S. sales of our 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products will decrease in the fourth quarter of 2007 with a sharper decrease in sales of our 2.4GHz products and increased pricing pressures for our 5.8GHz products;

 

   

Our belief that CoIP products are key products for future revenues;

 

   

Our belief that our DECT and CoIP products will contribute to our revenue for the reminder of 2007 and increase as a percentage of total revenues in 2007 as compared to 2006;

 

   

Our belief that our revenues from DECT products will increase in absolute number and as a percentage of total revenues for the remainder of 2007 and in 2008 due to the Acquisition;

 

   

Our belief that our future growth will be dependent on our success in expanding our presence in the European DECT market, and the general market deployment and acceptance of our DECT and CoIP products;

 

   

Our expectation that research and development costs will increase during the remainder of 2007;

 

   

Our long term goal is to leverage the Wi-Fi technology acquired in 2004 from Bermai Inc. to develop and offer products for home communication that integrate voice, data and video with broadband offerings;

 

   

Our belief that the market will become more price sensitive for the reminder of 2007 due to the lack of new model launches and market anticipation of next generation products;

 

   

Our belief that price competition may also cause a shift in sales from digital-based products to analog-based products for the reminder of 2007;

 

   

Our expectation that research and development expenses will increase in absolute dollars in the last quarter of 2007; and

 

   

Our anticipation that our available cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2007 should be sufficient to finance our operations for both the short and long term;

All forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are made as of the date hereof, based on information available to us as of the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement. Many factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. These factors include, but are not limited to, our dependence on one primary distributor, our OEM relationships and competition, as well as those risks described in Part II – Item 1A – “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-Q.

 

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Overview

The following discussion and analysis is intended to provide an investor with a narrative of our financial results and an evaluation of our financial condition and results of operations. The discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.

Acquisition of the Cordless and VoIP Terminals Business of NXP B.V.

On September 4, 2007, we acquired the cordless and VoIP terminals business (the “CIPT Business”) of NXP B.V. (“NXP”) (the “Acquisition”). In connection with the Acquisition, we paid NXP approximately $200 million in cash and issued 4,186,603 shares of our common stock to NXP. We also agreed to a contingent cash payment of up to $75 million payable based on future revenue performance of the products of the CIPT Business for the first four financial quarters following the closing of the Acquisition.

Information contained in this Quarterly Report, including forward looking information and discussions about our business and market trends, should be read in light of the Acquisition.

Business

DSP Group is a fabless semiconductor company that is a leader in providing chipsets to telephone equipment and design manufacturers (OEMs and ODMs) for incorporation into consumer products for the short-range residential wireless communications market. Our current primary focus is digital cordless telephony with sales of our in-house developed Cordless-over-Internet-Protocol (CoIP), 1.9GHz (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telephony (DECT)), 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz chipsets representing approximately 85% of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2007.

In recent years, we have become a worldwide leader in developing and marketing Total Telephony Solutions™ for the wireless residential market by taking advantage of the market transformation from analog-based technologies to digital-based technologies for telephony products and the shift from 900MHz to 2.4GHz to 5.8GHz technologies. One additional factor that contributed to our success in recent years is our penetration of the DECT market.

Notwithstanding our successes to date, our business operates in a highly competitive environment. Competition has historically increased pricing pressures for our products and decreased our average selling prices. We expect pricing pressures to continue for the remainder of 2007 and in 2008. Our revenues were $163.6 million for the first nine months of 2007, a decrease of 7% in comparison to the same period of 2006. This decrease was mainly the result of decreased sales of our 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products, partially offset by increased sales of our DECT and CoIP products. We believe that U.S. sales of our 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products will continue to decrease during the reminder of 2007 with a sharper decrease in sales of our 2.4GHz products and increased pricing pressures for our 5.8GHz products. We anticipate our revenues from DECT products will increase in absolute number and as a percentage of total revenues for the remainder of 2007 and in 2008 due to the Acquisition. Our gross margin decreased to a level of 40% of total revenues for the first nine months of 2007 from 41% for the first nine months of 2006, primarily due to the continued decline in the average selling prices of our products, the decline in total revenues and the increased sale of DECT products with lower average selling prices on account of 5.8GHz products with higher average selling prices. We had no operating income for the first nine months of 2007, compared to $16.6 million of operating profit for the same period in 2006. The decrease in operating income for the first nine months of 2007 was primarily attributable to (i) an increase in salaries and labor expenses related to research and development, (ii) in process research and development write-off and amortization of intangibles and other assets related to the Acquisition in the amount of $13.8 million for the first nine months of 2007, (iii) the decline in revenues and gross margins, and (iv) an increase in expenses related to equity-based compensation resulting from the implementation of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123(R)”). Operating expenses increased by 34% for the first nine months of 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006, reaching a level of $75.5 million. The increase in operating expenses was mainly to the same factors as noted above for the decrease in operating income and the additional factor of the inclusion of the operating expenses of the CIPT Business in the amount of $2.4 million beginning on September 4, 2007, the date of completion of the Acquisition.

 

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Furthermore, the cordless telephony market is undergoing a challenging period of transition characterized by stagnation due to the lack of new model launches and market anticipation of next generation products. As a result, we expect the market to become more price sensitive for the reminder of 2007 and in 2008. Price competition has caused and will continue to cause a shift in sales from digital-based products to analog-based products for the reminder of 2007. To address pricing pressures, we may need to offer our products in the future at lower prices which may result in lower profits. In addition, various other factors, including “over-capacity” problems (shortage of capacity to meet our fabrication, testing and assembly needs), increases in raw materials and silicon wafer costs and increases in production, assembly or testing costs, all may decrease our gross profit in future periods. Moreover, we are currently witnessing a move of manufacturing activities from large systems suppliers in the U.S., Japan and Europe to Southeast Asia, a trend that also could adversely affect our business. In order to partially offset these factors, we are implementing cost improvement plans designed to reduce testing costs and offer our customers more cost effective products. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that the proposed benefits of the Acquisition can be achieved or achieved at the level currently anticipated, which could materially harm our business.

There are also several emerging market trends that challenge our continued business growth potential. For example, the rapid deployment of new communication access methods, including mobile, wireless broadband, cable and other connectivity, as well as the projected lack of growth in products using fixed-line telephony, may reduce our revenues derived from, and unit sales of, cordless telephony products, which are currently our primary focus. Our business may also be affected by the outcome of the current competition between cellular phone operators and fixed-line operators for the provision of residential communication. Our revenues are currently primarily generated from sales of chipsets used in cordless phones that are based on fixed-line telephony. Another market trend that could affect the results of our operations is the potential shift in the U.S. digital telephony market towards DECT products. The U.S. market is currently the dominant market for our customers. An increase in demand for DECT 6.0 products in the U.S. in lieu of our 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products, and our inability to successfully develop and market new DECT 6.0 products to address this market may have a material adverse effect on our profits and results of operations.

We recognize the competitive landscape and are actively engaged in addressing these market challenges and trends. We penetrated and continue to expand our presence in the DECT market to grow our business. Our investment in DECT technologies continued with the Acquisition. Revenues derived from the sale of DECT products represented 26% of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2007. In addition to DECT technologies, we invested in developing CoIP technologies in house. Sales of our CoIP products, which we also consider to be a key product line for future revenues, increased significantly to 6% of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2007 and exceeded our total revenues for CoIP products for all of 2006. We believe that our DECT and CoIP products will increase as a percentage of total revenues in 2007 in comparison to 2006. We also are penetrating additional markets, including China, Korea, South America and the domestic Japanese market, with our existing products. We believe our future growth will depend on our success in expanding our presence in the European DECT market, and the general market deployment and acceptance of our DECT and CoIP products. However, our success in introducing new products and penetrating new markets may not occur and may require us to substantially increase our operating expenses. As a result, our past operating results should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance.

In addition to penetrating new markets and introducing new products to expand our business, our strategic focus is to launch next generation products to capitalize on the transition underway in the residential communications market with the move from wireless voice communication to voice communication over IP networks and ultimately the convergence of voice, video and data communication. As an initial step, we have introduced products to facilitate the deployment of residential broadband services. Our long term goal is to leverage the Wi-Fi technology acquired in 2004 from Bermai Inc. to develop and offer products for home communication that integrate voice, data and video with broadband offerings.

As of September 30, 2007, our principal source of liquidity consisted of cash and cash equivalents of approximately $38.2 million, short term investments of approximately $1.6 million and marketable securities of approximately $119.3 million, totaling to $159.0 million. Our cash, investments and securities were materially decreased in the third quarter of 2007 to finance the Acquisition.

 

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Total Revenues. Our total revenues were $61.9 million for the third quarter of 2007 as compared to $63.9 million for the same period in 2006. Our revenues were $163.6 million for the first nine months of 2007 as compared to $176.6 million for the same period in 2006. Our revenues for the third quarter and for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 included revenues of the CIPT Business acquired on September 4, 2007. This decrease of 3% and 7% for the three and the nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2006, was primarily as a result of a decrease in the sales of our 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products, partially offset by increased sales of our CoIP and DECT products. Sales of DECT products were $25.1 million and $43.1 million for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007, respectively, representing 41% and 26% of total revenues, respectively. Sales of DECT product for the third quarter and first nine months of 2006 were $11.9 million and $29.6 million, respectively, representing 19% and 17% of revenues respectively. The increase in sales of DECT products for the third quarter and the first nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same periods in 2006 was mainly attributable to the consolidation of the results of the CIPT Business beginning on September 4, 2007, the date of completion of the Acquisition. Sales of 5.8GHz products for the third quarter of 2007 and 2006 were $13.8 million and $18.4 million, respectively, representing approximately 22% and 29% of our total revenues, respectively, and a decrease of 25% in absolute dollars comparing sales for the third quarter of 2007 to the third quarter of 2006. Sales of 5.8GHz products for the first nine months of 2007 and 2006 were $51.0 million and $58.8 million, respectively, representing approximately 31% and 33% of our total revenues, respectively, and a decrease of 13% in absolute dollars comparing sales for the first nine months of 2007 to the first nine months of 2006. Sales of 2.4GHz products for the third quarter of 2007 and 2006 were $11.6 million and $21.7 million, respectively, representing approximately 19% and 34% of our total revenues, respectively, and a decrease of 47% in absolute dollars comparing sales for the third quarter of 2007 to the third quarter of 2006. Revenues from 2.4GHz products for the first nine months of 2007 and 2006 were $34.4 million and $54.7 million, respectively, representing approximately 21% and 31% of our total revenues, respectively, and a decrease of 37% in absolute dollars comparing sales for the first nine months of 2007 to the first nine months of 2006. Revenues from CoIP products for the third quarter of 2007 and 2006 were $3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, representing approximately 5% and 1% of our total revenues, respectively. Revenues from CoIP products for the first nine months of 2007 and 2006 were $9.9 million and $0.6 million, respectively, representing approximately 6% and 0% of our total revenues, respectively.

The following table shows the breakdown of revenues for the periods indicated by geographic location (in thousands):

 

    

Three months ended

September 30,

  

Nine months ended

September 30,

     2007    2006    2007    2006

United States

   $ 331    $ 94    $ 566    $ 541

Japan

     29,838      44,503      99,549      119,678

Europe

     3,835      135      4,046      934

Hong-Kong

     25,311      16,751      53,100      47,095

Other

     2,551      2,392      6,329      8,317
                           

Total revenues

   $ 61,866    $ 63,875    $ 163,590    $ 176,565

As our products are generally incorporated into consumer products sold by our OEM customers, our revenues are affected by seasonal buying patterns of consumer products sold by our OEM customers that incorporate our products. The fourth quarter in any given year is usually the strongest quarter of sales for our OEM customers and, as a result, the third quarter in any given year is usually the strongest quarter for our revenues as our OEM customers request increased shipments of our products in anticipation of the fourth quarter holiday season. This trend can be generally observed from reviewing our quarterly information and results of operations. The magnitude of this trend varies annually. Notwithstanding the general trend, our actual results showed a decrease in sales in the third quarter of 2007 as compared to the second quarter 2007 if the revenues in the third quarter derived from the CIPT Business were deducted.

 

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Significant Customers. The Japanese market and the OEMs that operate in that market are among the largest suppliers for residential wireless products with significant market share in the U.S. market. Revenues derived from sales through one distributor, Tomen Electronics Corporation (“Tomen Electronics”), accounted for 40% and 70% of our total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Additionally, Tomen Electronics accounted for 46% and 68% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The decrease in 2007 as compared to 2006 was primarily due to a shift from sales to one of our significant customers through Tomen Electronics for most of 2006 to direct sales to that customer in 2007, as well as an absolute decrease in sales to Tomen Electronics in 2007 as compared to 2006. In addition, the revenues for the third quarter of 2007 included the results of the CIPT Business, the products of which are not sold through Tomen Electronics.

Tomen Electronics sells our products to a limited number of customers. One customer, Panasonic Communications Co., Ltd. (“Panasonic”), has continually accounted for a majority of the sales through Tomen Electronics. Sales to Panasonic through Tomen Electronics generated approximately 24% and 29% of our revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. Sales to Panasonic through Tomen Electronics generated approximately 40% and 43% of our revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006. Sales to Uniden through Tomen Electronics or directly to Uniden represented 9% and 13% of our total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales to Uniden represented 16% and 13% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. The loss of Tomen Electronics as a distributor and our inability to obtain a satisfactory replacement in a timely manner would harm our sales and results of operations. Additionally, the loss of Panasonic and Tomen Electronics’ inability to thereafter effectively market our products would also harm our sales and results of operations.

Other significant customers of the company include various Hong Kong-based OEMs. Sales to CCT Telecom represented 14% and 16% of our total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales to CCT Telecom represented 14% and 16% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales to SunCorp represented 7% and 10% of our total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. Sales to SunCorp represented 10% of our total revenues for both the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales to VTech represented 13% and 0% of our total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. Sales to VTech represented 5% and 0% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Significant Products. Revenues from our DECT products represented 41% and 26% of total revenues for the third quarter and first nine months of 2007, respectively. Revenues from our CoIP products represented 5% and 6% of revenues for the third quarter and first nine months of 2007, respectively. Revenues from our 5.8GHz and 2.4GHz digital products represented 22% and 19%, respectively, of total revenues for the third quarter of 2007, and represented 31% and 21%, respectively, of total revenues for the first nine months of 2007. We believe that sales of 5.8GHz digital products and to a lesser extent 2.4GHz digital products will continue to represent a substantial percentage of our revenues for the remainder of 2007 and in future periods. However, we believe that U.S. sales of our 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products will decrease for the reminder of 2007 with a sharper decrease in sales of our 2.4GHz products and increased pricing pressures for our 5.8GHz products. For the long-term, we believe that the rapid deployment of new communication access methods, as well as the projected lack of growth in fixed-line telephony, will reduce our total revenues derived from, and unit sales of, cordless telephony products, including future sales of our DECT, 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products. Also, price competition, resulting in a shift in sales from digital-based products to analog-based products, could harm our revenues for 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products.

Gross Profit. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues was 40% for the third quarter of 2007 and 41% for the third quarter of 2006. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues was 40% for the first nine months of 2007 and 41% for the first nine months of 2006. The decrease in our gross profit for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007 as compared to the same periods in 2006 was primarily due to the continued decline in the average selling prices of our products, the decline in total revenues and the increased sale of DECT products with lower average selling prices on account of 5.8GHz products with higher average selling prices. Additional factor that decreased our gross profit in 2007 was the amortization of adjustment to market values of certain inventories acquired in the Acquisition in the amount of $0.6 million.

 

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Our gross profit may decrease further in the future due to a variety of factors, including the continued decline in the average selling prices of our products and our failure to achieve the corresponding cost reductions, roll-out of new products in any given period, our failure to introduce new engineering processes, “over-capacity” problems (shortage of capacity to meet our fabrication, testing and assembly needs), increases in raw materials and silicon wafer costs and increases in production, assembly or testing costs. We cannot guarantee that our ongoing efforts in cost reduction and yield improvements will be successful or that they will keep pace with the anticipated continuing decline in average selling prices of our products. One approach we are using to offset the expected decrease in gross profit is offering our customers “bare-die” chips that eliminate assembly and testing services in return for lower selling prices to our customers. Other steps we are taking include the implementation of cost improvement plans to reduce testing costs and offer our customers more cost effective products. However, we can provide no assurance that any alternative solutions we provide to our customers will be acceptable to them or that these steps will help us to offset the expected decrease in gross margins.

As gross profit reflects the sale of chips and chipsets that have different margins, changes in the mix of products sold also have impacted and will continue to impact our gross profit in future periods.

Cost of goods sold consists primarily of costs of wafer manufacturing and fabrication, assembly and testing of integrated circuit devices and related overhead costs, and compensation and associated expenses relating to manufacturing and testing support and logistics personnel.

Research and Development Expenses. Our research and development expenses increased to $13.9 million for the third quarter of 2007 from $12.2 million for the third quarter of 2006. Research and development expenses increased to $39.1 million for the first nine months of 2007 from $35.6 million for the first nine months of 2006. The increase for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007 was mainly attributed to (i) an increase in research and development expenses in the amount of $1.7 million as a result of the inclusion of the expenses of the CIPT Business in the combined results, (ii) an increase in expenses related to equity-based compensation resulting from the adoption of SFAS 123(R) during the nine months period ended September 30, 2007, and (iii) an increase in salary and labor expenses for the third quarter and the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same periods in 2006. Equity-based compensation expenses amounted to $1.5 million and $5.5 million for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007, respectively, compared to $1.7 million and $4.6 million for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2006, respectively. The above-referenced increases were partially offset by a decrease in other project-related expenses in 2007 as compared to the same periods in 2006.

Our research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues were 22% and 19% for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and 24% and 20% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues was due to the decrease in total revenues along with the increase in absolute dollars of research and development expenses.

As our research and development staff is currently working on various projects simultaneously, we may need to incur additional expenses and hire additional research and development staff and contractors related to the development of new products and to support the development of existing products and technologies. In addition, the research and development expenses for the fourth quarter of 2007 will include all the research and development expenses attributable to the CIPT Business whereas such expenses were prorated from September 4, 2007, the date of completion of the Acquisition, in our third quarter 2007 results. As a result, our research and development expenses in absolute dollars are expected to increase for the last quarter of 2007 and in 2008.

Research and development expenses consist mainly of payroll expenses to employees involved in research and development activities, expenses related to tape-out and mask work, subcontracting, labor contractors and engineering expenses, depreciation and maintenance fees related to equipment and software tools used in research and development, and facilities expenses associated with and allocated to research and development activities.

Sales and Marketing Expenses. Our sales and marketing expenses were $4.7 and $4.4 million for the third quarter of 2007 and 2006, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, sales and marketing expenses

 

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were $13.0 million, as compared to $12.2 million for the same period in 2006. The increase was attributed mainly to higher levels of salary and labor expenses, mainly due to a greater number of sales and marketing employees and contractors. The increase also was a result of expenses related to equity-based compensation resulting from the adoption of SFAS 123(R) during the nine months period ended September 30, 2007. Equity-based compensation expenses amounted to $0.3 million and $1.2 million for the three and the nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to $0.3 million and $1.0 million for the three and the nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. In addition, the increase in sales and marketing expenses was a result of the inclusion of the expenses of the CIPT Business in the amount of $0.4 million in the combined results. The increase in our sales and marketing expenses was partially offset by a decrease in commission paid to our sales representatives due to a lower level of revenues for the third quarter and the first nine months ended September 30, 2007, and a decrease in the average commission paid to our distributors and sales representatives.

Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues were 8% and 7% for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues also were 8% and 7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Sales and marketing expenses consist mainly of sales commissions to our representatives and distributors, payroll expenses to direct sales and marketing employees, travel, trade show expenses, and facilities expenses associated with and allocated to sales and marketing activities.

General and Administrative Expenses. Our general and administrative expenses were $3.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007, as compared to $2.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006. For the first nine months of 2007, general and administrative expenses were $10.2 million as compared to $8.5 million for the same period in 2006. The increase in general and administration expenses was a result of the inclusion of the expenses of the CIPT Business in the amount of $0.3 million in the combined results. The increase is also attributable to an increase in equity-based compensation expenses related to the adoption of SFAS 123(R) that amounted to $1.0 and $3.6 million for the three and the nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to $0.9 and $3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. One additional factor that increased general and administrative expenses was higher accounting expenses for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2007, as compared to 2006.

General and administrative expenses as percentage of total revenues were 5% and 4% for the third quarter of 2007 and 2006, respectively. General and administrative expenses as percentage of total revenues were 6% and 5% for the first nine months of 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in general and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues for both comparable periods was a result of the increase in absolute dollar amount of general and administrative expenses, along with the decrease in revenues.

General and administrative expenses consist mainly of payroll for management and administrative employees, accounting and legal fees, expenses related to investor relations as well as facilities expenses associated with general and administrative activities.

Interest and Other Income, net. Interest and other income, net, for the three months ended September 30, 2007 decrease to $2.6 million from $3.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and decreased to $9.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $9.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. The decrease in the third quarter and in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was due to a loss of $1.5 million derived from the sale of certain marketable securities, which were sold to finance the Acquisition. This loss was recognized in the second and third quarters of 2007. Another factor for the decreased interest income was the payment of approximately $200 million in cash as partial consideration for the Acquisition, which resulted in less investment balance held and less interest income. The decreases were offset partially by the overall higher yields on our investments during the three and the nine months ended September 30, 2007, as compared to the same periods in 2006.

Our total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were $159.0 million as of September 30, 2007, compared to $363.8 million as of September 30, 2006.

 

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Provision for Income Taxes. Our tax provision (income) for the third quarter of 2007 and the first nine months of 2007 was $(0.3) million and $2.0 million, respectively. Our tax provision for the third quarter of 2006 and the first nine months of 2006 was $2.1 million and $5.7 million, respectively. The decrease in provision for income taxes in both periods was mainly a result of a decrease in income before taxes .

In 2007 and 2006, we benefited for tax purposes from foreign tax holiday and tax-exempt income in Israel. DSP Group Ltd., our Israeli subsidiary, was granted “Approved Enterprise” status by the Israeli government with respect to six separate investment plans. Approved Enterprise status allows our Israeli subsidiary to enjoy a tax holiday for a period of two to four years and a reduced corporate tax rate of 10%-25% for an additional six or eight years, on each investment plan’s proportionate share of taxable income. The tax benefits under these investment plans are scheduled to gradually expire by 2015.

On April 1, 2005, an amendment to the Israeli Investment Law came into effect. The amendment revised the criteria for investments qualified to receive tax benefits. An eligible investment program under the amendment will qualify for benefits as a Privileged Enterprise (rather than the previous terminology of Approved Enterprise). Among other things, the amendment provides tax benefits to both local and foreign investors and simplified the approval process. The amendment does not apply to investment programs approved prior to December 31, 2004. The new tax regime will apply to new investment programs only. We believe that we are currently in compliance with these requirements. However, if we fail to meet these requirements, we would be subject to corporate tax in Israel at the regular statutory rate (29% for 2007). We could also be required to refund tax benefits, with interest and adjustments for inflation based on the Israeli consumer price index. As of January 1, 2007, we started to generate income under the provision of the amendment.

In connection with the Acquisition, we applied for a tax ruling with the Swiss tax authorities to determine the tax rate applicable to the taxable income generated by our Swiss subsidiary, including the amortization period for tax purposes of goodwill and all other intangible assets acquired in the Acquisition). As of September 30, 2007, the tax ruling process has not been finalized.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Operating Activities. Our cash flows from operating activities were $23.2 million and $25.1 million for the first nine months of 2007 and 2006, respectively. The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities in the first nine months of 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006 resulted mainly from the decrease in net income in the first nine months of 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. In addition, the decrease was due to an increase in accounts receivables in the amount of $21.3 million in 2007, as compared to an increase of $9.5 million in the accounts receivables in 2006, mainly as a result of the inclusion of revenues derived from the CIPT Business in the combined results that were not collected until September 30, 2007. The above-referenced factors were partially offset by a decrease in inventories and prepaid expenses by approximately $10 million during the first nine months of 2007.

Investing Activities. We invest excess cash in marketable securities of varying maturity, depending on our projected cash needs for operations, capital expenditures and other business purposes. During the first nine months of 2007, we purchased $56.7 million of marketable securities and short term investments, as compared to $91.8 million during the first nine months of 2006. During the same periods, $95.6 million and $59.1 million, respectively, of marketable securities and short term investments matured. In addition, during the third quarter of 2007, $147.0 million of marketable securities and short term investments were sold to finance the $201.1 cash payment made to NXP in connection with the Acquisition.

Our capital equipment purchases for the first nine months of 2007, consisting primarily of research and development software tools and computers, totaled $2.6 million, as compared to $6.3 million for the first nine months of 2006.

 

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Financing Activities. During the first nine months of 2007, we received $3.1 million upon the exercise of employee stock options, as compared to $31.8 million during the first nine months of 2006. We cannot predict cash flows from option exercises and employee stock purchases for future periods.

In March 1999, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to an aggregate of 4.0 million shares of our common stock. In July 2003, our board authorized the repurchase of an additional 2.5 million shares of our common stock. In October 2004, our board authorized the repurchase of an additional 2.5 million shares. In January 2007 our board authorized the repurchase of an additional 3.0 million shares. During the second quarter of 2007, we repurchased 421,000 shares of Common Stock at an average purchase price of $18.35 per share, for a total consideration of approximately $7.7 million. We have 3,350,377 shares of our common stock remain authorized for repurchase as of September 30, 2007.

In September 30, 2007, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $38.2 million, short term investments of $1.6 million and marketable securities of approximately $119.3 million. The cash component of the consideration for the Acquisition was financed using our existing liquidity resources, and therefore the acquisition materially decreased our current levels of cash investments and securities.

Our working capital at September 30, 2007 was approximately $125.6 million compared to $165.0 as of September 30, 2006. The decrease was mainly due to the sale of certain marketable securities to finance the Acquisition. As we generate most of our cash flows from our operating activities, we believe that our current cash, cash equivalents, cash deposits and marketable securities and our forecasted positive cash flows for future periods, will be sufficient to meet our cash requirements for both the short and long term.

In addition, as part of our business strategy, we occasionally evaluate potential acquisitions of businesses, products and technologies. Accordingly, a portion of our available cash may be used at any time for the acquisition of complementary products or businesses. Such potential transactions may require substantial capital resources, which may require us to seek additional debt or equity financing. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully identify suitable acquisition candidates, complete acquisitions, integrate acquired businesses into our current operations, or expand into new markets. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us in any required time frame and on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. See the section of the risk factors entitled “Risks Related to the Proposed Acquisition” and the risk factor entitled “We may engage in future acquisitions that could dilute our stockholders’ equity and harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.” for more detailed information.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as such term is defined in recently enacted rules by the Securities and Exchange Commission, that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Interest Rate Risk. It is our policy not to enter into interest rate derivative financial instruments, except for hedging of foreign currency exposures discussed below. We do not currently have any significant interest rate exposure since we do not have any financial obligation and our financial assets are measured on an available for sale basis. The Company has the intent to hold these investments until the recovery of fair value.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk. As a significant part of our sales and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars, we have experienced only insignificant foreign exchange gains and losses to date, and do not expect to incur significant gains and losses for the remainder of 2007. However, due to the volatility in the exchange rate of the NIS versus the U.S. dollar, we decided to hedge part of the risk of a devaluation of the NIS, which could have an adverse effect on the expenses that we incur in the State of Israel. For example, to protect against an increase in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows resulting from salary payments and lease payments for our Israeli facilities denominated in NIS during 2007, we instituted a foreign currency cash flow hedging program.

 

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These option and forward contracts are designated as cash flow hedges, as defined by SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”, and are all effective as hedges of these expenses. For more information about our hedging activity, see Note G to the attached Notes to Condensed consolidated Financial Statement for the period ended September 30, 2007.

 

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

From time to time, we may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising from our ordinary course of business activities. Also, as is typical in the semiconductor industry, we have been and may from time to time be notified of claims that we may be infringing patents or intellectual property rights owned by third parties. For example, in a lawsuit against Microsoft Corporation, AT&T asserted that our TrueSpeech 8.5 algorithm includes certain elements covered by a patent held by AT&T. AT&T sued Microsoft, one of our TrueSpeech 8.5 licensees, for infringement. We were not named in AT&T’s suit against Microsoft. We currently believe that there are no claims or actions pending or threatened against us, the ultimate disposition of which would have a material adverse effect on us.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements concerning our future products, expenses, revenue, liquidity and cash needs as well as our plans and strategies. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and we assume no obligation to update this information. Numerous factors could cause our actual results to differ significantly from the results described in these forward-looking statements, including the following risk factors.

There are no material changes to the Risk Factors described under the title “Factors That May Affect Future Performance” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 other than (1) the addition of the risk factor entitled “Our business and results of operations may be affected by the acquisition of the cordless and VoIP terminals business”; (2) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “We rely on a primary distributor for a significant portion of our total revenues and the failure of this distributor to perform as expected would materially reduce our future sales and revenues”; (3) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “We rely significantly on revenue derived from a limited number of customers”; (4) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “We generate a significant amount of our total revenues from the sale of digital cordless telephony products and our business and operating results may be materially adversely affected if we do not continue to succeed in this highly competitive market or if the overall cordless digital market decreases”; (5) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “Our gross margins and profitability may be

 

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materially adversely affected by the continued decline in average selling prices of our products and other factors, including increases in assembly and testing expenses”; (6) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “In order to sustain the future growth of our business, we must penetrate new markets and our new products, such as our DECT products, must achieve widespread market acceptance”; (7) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “Because we have significant operations in Israel, we may be subject to political, economic and other conditions affecting Israel that could increase our operating expenses and disrupt our business”; (8) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “The tax benefits available to us under Israeli law require us to meet several conditions, and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which would increase our taxes”; (9) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “Because the markets in which we compete are highly competitive, and many of our competitors have greater resources than we do, we cannot be certain that our products will be accepted in the marketplace or capture market share”; (10) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “Because the markets in which we compete are subject to rapid changes, our products may become obsolete or unmarketable”; (11) addition of the Risk Factor below entitled “Any reduction in workforce associated with any potential restructuring efforts relating to the CIPT Business acquired from NXP could disrupt the operation of our business”; and (12) changes to the Risk Factor below entitled “Because we have significant international operations, we may be subject to political, economic and other conditions relating to our international operations that could increase our operating expenses and disrupt our business.”

We rely on a primary distributor for a significant portion of our total revenues and the failure of this distributor to perform as expected would materially reduce our future sales and revenues.

We sell our products to customers primarily through a network of distributors and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) representatives. Particularly, revenues derived from sales through our Japanese distributor, Tomen Electronics, accounted for 46% and 68% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 respectively. Our future performance will depend, in part, on this distributor to continue to successfully market and sell our products. Furthermore, Tomen Electronics sells our products to a limited number of customers. One customer, Panasonic Communications Co., Ltd., has continually accounted for a majority of the sales through Tomen Electronics. Sales to Panasonic through Tomen Electronics generated approximately 29% and 43% of our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The loss of Tomen Electronics as our distributor and our inability to obtain a satisfactory replacement in a timely manner would materially harm our sales and results of operations. Additionally, the loss of Panasonic and Tomen Electronics’ inability to thereafter effectively market our products would also materially harm our sales and results of operations.

We rely significantly on revenue derived from a limited number of customers.

We expect that a limited number of customers, varying in identity from period-to-period, will account for a substantial portion of our revenues in any period. Our five largest customers – Panasonic, Uniden, CCT, SunCorp and VTech– derived from sales through Tomen Electronics or directly to the customers, accounted for 74% and 83% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In addition to Panasonic mentioned above, sales to Uniden represented 16% and 13% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; sales to Hong Kong-based CCT Telecom represented 14% and 16% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; sales to Hong Kong-based SunCorp represented 10% of total revenues for both the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; and sales to Hong Kong-based VTech represented 5% and 0% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Typically, our sales are made on a purchase order basis, and none of our customers has entered into a long-term agreement requiring it to purchase our products. Moreover, we do not typically require our customers to purchase a minimum quantity of our products, and our customers can generally cancel or significantly reduce their orders on short notice without significant penalties. A significant amount of our revenues will continue to be derived from a limited number of large customers. The loss of or reduced demand for products from any of our major customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Because our products are components of end products, if OEMs do not incorporate our products into their end products or if the end products of our OEM customers do not achieve market acceptance, we may not be able to generate adequate sales of our products.

Our products are not sold directly to the end-user; rather, they are components of end products. As a result, we rely upon OEMs to incorporate our products into their end products at the design stage. Once an OEM designs a competitor’s product into its end product, it becomes significantly more difficult for us to sell our products to that customer because changing suppliers involves significant cost, time, effort and risk for the customer. As a result, we may

 

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incur significant expenditures on the development of a new product without any assurance that an OEM will select our product for design into its own product and without this “design win” it becomes significantly difficult to sell our products. Moreover, even after an OEM agrees to design our products into its end products, the design cycle is long and may be delayed due to factors beyond our control which may result in the end product incorporating our products not to reach the market until long after the initial “design win” with the OEM. From initial product design-in to volume production, many factors could impact the timing and/or amount of sales actually realized from the design-in. These factors include, but are not limited to, changes in the competitive position of our technology, our customers’ financial stability, and our ability to ship products according to our customers’ schedule.

Furthermore, we rely on the end products of our OEM customers that incorporate our products to achieve market acceptance. Many of our OEM customers face intense competition in their markets. If end products that incorporate our products are not accepted in the marketplace, we may not achieve adequate sales volume of our products, which would have a negative effect on our results of operations.

We generate a significant amount of our total revenues from the sale of digital cordless telephony products and our business and operating results may be materially adversely affected if we do not continue to succeed in this highly competitive market or if the overall cordless digital market decreases.

Sales of our digital cordless telephony products comprised a majority of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2007. Specifically, sales of our 2.4GHz, 5.8GHz, DECT and CoIP products comprised 85% and 81% of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2007 and 2006, respectively. Sales of our 5.8GHz and 2.4GHz products represented 31% and 21%, respectively, of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2007, and 33% and 31%, respectively, of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2006. We believe U.S. sales of our 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products will decrease in the remainder of 2007 with a sharper decrease in sales of our 2.4GHz products and increased pricing pressures for our 5.8GHz products. Any adverse change in the digital cordless market or in our ability to compete and maintain our competitive position in that market would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. The digital cordless telephony market is extremely competitive, and we expect that competition will only increase. Our existing and potential competitors in each of our markets include large and emerging domestic and foreign companies, many of which have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, sale and distribution resources and management expertise than we do. It is possible that we may one day be unable to respond to increased price competition for digital cordless telephony processors or other products through the introduction of new products or reduction of manufacturing costs. This inability would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Likewise, any significant delays by us in developing, manufacturing or shipping new or enhanced products in this market also would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Moreover, due to the increased price competition in the cordless telephony market, we are currently witnessing a shift in sales from digital-based to analog-based systems, a trend that could materially adversely affect our revenues.

In addition, we believe new developments in the home residential market may adversely affect the revenues we derive from our digital cordless telephony products. For example, the rapid deployment of new communication access methods, including mobile, wireless broadband, cable and other connectivity, may reduce the market for products using fixed-line telephony. This decrease in demand would reduce our revenues derived from, and unit sales of, our digital cordless telephony products.

Our business and results of operations may be affected by the acquisition of the cordless and VoIP terminals business.

On September 4, 2007, we acquired the cordless and VoIP terminals business of NXP B.V. The acquisition could have an adverse effect on our business in the near term if current and prospective customers and strategic partners are reluctant to enter into new agreements with us due to uncertainty about the direction of the company after the acquisition. Also, our earnings may decrease due to the amortization of intangibles and other assets and write-off of in-process research and development in connection with the acquisition. In addition, the process of integrating NXP’s cordless and VoIP terminals business into our company may be prolonged due to unforeseen difficulties and may require a

 

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disproportionate amount of our resources and management’s attention. The diversion of management’s and employees’ attention from our day-to-day business, including implementation of strategic initiatives, may cause disruptions among our relationships with customers and strategic partners, all of which could detract from our ability to generate revenue and implement strategic initiatives. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that the proposed benefits of the acquisition can be achieved or achieved at the level currently anticipated. Our results of operations after the acquisition could be below the expectations of market analysts, which could cause a decline in our stock price. Moreover, the acquisition diluted our stockholders’ equity as we issued 4,186,603 shares of our common stock to NXP as partial consideration for the acquisition.

Because our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly, the price of our common stock may decline.

Our quarterly results of operations may vary significantly in the future for a variety of reasons, many of which are outside our control, including the following:

 

   

fluctuations in volume and timing of product orders;

 

   

changes in demand for our products due to seasonal consumer buying patterns and other factors;

 

   

timing of new product introductions by us, including our DECT and CoIP products, and by our customers or competitors;

 

   

changes in the mix of products sold by us or our competitors;

 

   

fluctuations in the level of sales by our OEM customers and other vendors of end products incorporating our products;

 

   

timing and size of expenses, including expenses to develop new products and product improvements;

 

   

entry into new markets, including China, Korea, South America and the domestic Japanese market;

 

   

mergers and acquisitions by us, our competitors and our existing and potential customers; and

 

   

general economic conditions, including the changing economic conditions in the United States and worldwide.

Each of the above factors is difficult to forecast and could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. Also, we sell our products to OEM customers that operate in consumer markets. As a result, our revenues are affected by seasonal buying patterns of consumer products sold by our OEM customers that incorporate our products and the market acceptance of such products supplied by our OEM customers. The fourth quarter in any given year is usually the strongest quarter for sales by our OEM customers in the consumer markets, and thus, our third quarter in any given year is usually the strongest quarter for revenues as our OEM customers request increased shipments of our products in anticipation of the increased activity in the fourth quarter. By contrast, the first quarter in any given year is usually the weakest quarter for us.

Our gross margins and profitability may be materially adversely affected by the continued decline in average selling prices of our products and other factors, including increases in assembly and testing expenses.

We have experienced and will continue to experience a decrease in the average selling prices of our products. Decreasing average selling prices could result in decreased revenues even if the volume of products sold increases. Decreasing average selling prices may also require us to sell our products at much lower gross margin than in the past and reduce profitability. Although we have to date been able to partially offset on an annual basis the declining average selling prices through manufacturing cost reductions by achieving a higher level of product integration and improving our

 

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yield percentages, there is no guarantee that our ongoing efforts will be successful or that they will keep pace with the anticipated, continued decline in average selling prices of our products. In addition to the continued decline in the average selling prices of our products, our gross profit may decrease in the future due to other factors, including the roll-out of new products in any given period and the penetration of new markets which may require us to sell products at a lower margin, our failure to introduce new engineering processes, mix of products sold, increases in the pricing of silicon wafers, and increases in other production costs, including testing and assembly. Furthermore, as we are a fabless company, global market trends such as “over-capacity” problems so that there is a shortage of capacity to fulfill our fabrication needs also may increase our raw material costs and thus decrease our gross margin.

Moreover, the cordless telephony market is undergoing a challenging period of transition characterized by stagnation due to the lack of new model launches and market anticipation of next generation products. As a result, we expect the market to become more price sensitive for the reminder of 2007.

Any reduction in workforce associated with any potential restructuring efforts relating to the CIPT Business acquired from NXP could disrupt the operation of our business.

Pursuant to the acquisition of the CIPT Business from NXP, we increased our headcount and established new foreign subsidiaries in France, Germany, Switzerland, Hong Kong and India. In connection with the establishment of a new organizational structure for the combined company and the implementation of a unified synergy plan, we may implement a restructuring plan that involves a reduction in workforce and the relocation of certain foreign operations. Workforce reductions and relocations in connection with any restructuring activity could result in an erosion of morale, affect the focus and productivity of our remaining employees, including those directly responsible for revenue generation, and result in work stoppages, all of which in turn may adversely affect our future revenues or cause other administrative deficiencies. Additionally, reduction in workforce in EU countries may be protracted, require us to comply with complex foreign labor regulations and may entail substantial severance costs. We also may face actions from employees that may be costly to defend. Furthermore, such matters could divert the attention of our employees, including management, away from our operations, harm productivity, harm our reputation and increase our expenses. We cannot assure you that any restructuring efforts we determine to implement will be successful or implemented in a timely manner.

Because we have significant international operations, we may be subject to political, economic and other conditions relating to our international operations that could increase our operating expenses and disrupt our business.

Although the majority of end users of the consumer products that incorporate our products are located in the U.S., we are dependent on sales to OEM customers, located outside of the U.S., that manufacture these consumer products. Export sales, primarily consisting of digital cordless telephony products shipped to manufacturers in Europe and Asia, including Japan and Asia Pacific, represented 100% of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2007. Furthermore, pursuant to the acquisition of the CIPT Business from NXP, we established new foreign subsidiaries in France, Germany, Switzerland, Hong Kong and India and employ a number of individuals within these foreign operations. As a result, the occurrence of any negative international political, economic or geographic events could result in significant revenue shortfalls and disrupt our workforce within our foreign operations. These shortfalls and disruptions could cause our business, financial condition and results of operations to be harmed. Some of the risks of doing business internationally include:

 

   

unexpected changes in foreign government regulatory requirements;

 

   

fluctuations in the exchange rate for the United States dollar;

 

   

import and export license requirements;

 

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imposition of tariffs and other barriers and restrictions;

 

   

burdens of complying with a variety of foreign laws, treaties and technical standards;

 

   

uncertainty of laws and enforcement in certain countries relating to the protection of intellectual property;

 

   

difficulty in collecting accounts receivable and longer payment cycles for international customers than existing customers;

 

   

difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations and maintaining the morale and productivity of employees within foreign operations;

 

   

multiple and possibly overlapping tax structures and potentially adverse tax consequences;

 

   

political and economic instability; and

 

   

changes in diplomatic and trade relationships.

One or more of these factors may have a material adverse effect on our future operations and consequently, on our business, financial conditions and operating results.

Because we depend on independent foundries to manufacture all of our integrated circuit products, we are subject to additional risks that may materially disrupt our business.

All of our integrated circuit products are manufactured by independent foundries. While these foundries have been able to adequately meet the demands of our increasing business, we are and will continue to be dependent upon these foundries to achieve acceptable manufacturing yields, quality levels and costs, and to allocate to us a sufficient portion of their foundry capacity to meet our needs in a timely manner.

While we currently believe we have adequate capacity to support our current sales levels pursuant to our arrangement with our foundries, we may encounter capacity shortage issues in the future. In the event of a worldwide shortage in foundry capacity, we may not be able to obtain a sufficient allocation of foundry capacity to meet our product needs or we may incur additional costs to ensure specified quantities of products and services. Over-capacity at the current foundries we use, or future foundries we may use, to manufacture our integrated circuit products may lead to increased operating costs and lower gross margins. In addition, such a shortage could lengthen our products’ manufacturing cycle and cause a delay in the shipment of our products to our customers. This could ultimately lead to a loss of sales of our products, harm our reputation and competitive position, and our revenues could be materially reduced. Our business could also be harmed if our current foundries terminate their relationship with us and we are unable to obtain satisfactory replacements to fulfill customer orders on a timely basis and in a cost-effective manner.

In addition, as TSMC produces a significant portion of our integrated circuit products and ASE tests and assembles them, earthquakes, aftershocks or other natural disasters in Asia, or adverse changes in the political situation in Taiwan, could preclude us from obtaining an adequate supply of wafers to fill customer orders. Such events could harm our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Because the manufacture of our products is complex, the foundries on which we depend may not achieve the necessary yields or product reliability that our business requires.

The manufacture of our products is a highly complex and precise process, requiring production in a highly controlled environment. Changes in manufacturing processes or the inadvertent use of defective or contaminated materials by a foundry could adversely affect the foundry’s ability to achieve acceptable manufacturing yields and product reliability.

 

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If the foundries we currently use do not achieve the necessary yields or product reliability, our ability to fulfill our customers’ needs could suffer. This could ultimately lead to a loss of sales of our products and have a negative effect on our gross margins and results of operations.

Furthermore, there are other significant risks associated with relying on these third-party foundries, including:

 

   

risks due to the fact that we have reduced control over production cost, delivery schedules and product quality;

 

   

less recourse if problems occur as the warranties on wafers or products supplied to us are limited; and

 

   

increased exposure to potential misappropriation of our intellectual property.

As we depend on independent subcontractors, located in Asia, to assemble and test our semiconductor products, we are subject to additional risks that may materially disrupt our business.

Independent subcontractors, located in Asia, assemble and test our semiconductor products. Because we rely on independent subcontractors to perform these services, we cannot directly control our product delivery schedules or quality levels. Our future success also depends on the financial viability of our independent subcontractors. If the capital structures of our independent subcontractors weaken, we may experience product shortages, quality assurance problems, increased manufacturing costs, and/or supply chain disruption.

Moreover, the economic, market, social, and political situations in countries where some of our independent subcontractors are located are unpredictable, can be volatile, and can have a significant impact on our business because we may not be able to obtain product in a timely manner. Market and political conditions, including currency fluctuation, terrorism, political strife, war, labor disruption, and other factors, including natural or man-made disasters, adverse changes in tax laws, tariff, import or export quotas, power and water shortages, or interruption in air transportation, in areas where our independent subcontractors are located also could have a severe negative impact on our operating capabilities.

In order to sustain the future growth of our business, we must penetrate new markets and our new products must achieve widespread market acceptance.

In order to increase our sales volume and expand our business, we must penetrate new markets and introduce new products. We are exploring opportunities to expand sales of our products to China, Korea, South America and the domestic Japanese market. However, there are no assurances that we will gain significant market share in those competitive markets. In addition, many North American, European and Japanese OEMs are moving their manufacturing sites to Southeast Asia as a result of the cyclical nature of manufacturing capacity issues and cost of silicon integrated circuits, the continued decline of average selling prices of chipsets and other industry-wide factors. This trend may cause the mix of our OEM customers to change in the future, thereby further necessitating our need to penetrate new markets. Furthermore, to sustain the future growth of our business, we need to introduce new products as sales of our older products taper off. Moreover, the penetration of new competitive markets and introduction of new products could require us to reduce the sale prices of our products or increase the cost per product and thus reduce our total gross profit in future periods.

Our failure to compete effectively in the U.S. DECT market could have a material adverse effect on our business.

The U.S. digital telephony market is currently our dominant market as our OEM customers have significant market share in this market. Although the current telephony technology for the U.S. market is based on 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz products, we believe there may be a potential shift in the U.S. market towards DECT products. In 2006, at the conclusion of negotiations between the DECT Forum and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the FCC authorized the use of the DECT frequency band in the U.S. This FCC decision allows companies and households to use the multifunctional DECT technology for various communication needs and may lead to the expansion of the U.S. DECT

 

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market (DECT 6.0). However, we can provide no assurance that our current OEM customers, with whom we have strong existing relationships, will gain significant market share in the DECT 6.0 market. Moreover we can provide no assurance that our DECT 6.0 chipsets will be acceptable to our OEM customers or that the OEM customers to whom we sale DECT 6.0 chipsets will gain significant market share. If we are unable to develop and market DECT products to compete effectively in any emerging DECT 6.0 market against the introduction of new products by our competitors, our profits and results of operation may be materially adversely effected. In addition, if our OEM customers do not succeed in penetrating any emerging DECT 6.0 market or fail to incorporate our chipsets in new DECT products introduced by them for this market, our business also could suffer.

We are dependent on a small number of OEM customers, and our business could be harmed by the loss of any of these customers or reductions in their purchasing volumes.

We sell our products to a limited number of OEM customers through a network of distributors and OEM representatives. Moreover, many North American, European and Japanese OEMs are moving their manufacturing sites to Southeast Asia, as a result of the cyclical nature of manufacturing capacity issues and cost of silicon integrated circuits, the continued decline of average selling prices of chipsets and other industry-wide factors. In addition, OEMs located in Southeast Asia are growing and gaining competitive strength. As a result, the mix of our OEM customers may change in the future. This trend also may promote the consolidation of OEMs located in North America, Europe and Japan with OEMs located in Southeast Asia, which may reduce the number of our potential customers and reduce the volume of chipsets the combined OEM may purchase from us. However, as is common in our industry, we typically do not enter into long term contracts with our customers in which they commit to purchase products from us. The loss of any of our OEM customers may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Also, with the shift of manufacturing facilities to Southeast Asia, the mix of potential OEM customers may change in the future. However, we may not succeed in attracting new customers as these potential customers may have pre-existing relationships with our current or potential competitors and any consolidation of the OEM industry will further reduce the number of potential customers. To attract new customers, we may be faced with intense price competition, which may affect our revenues and gross margins.

There are several emerging market trends that may challenge our ability to continue to grow our business.

We believe new technological developments in the home residential market may adversely affect our operating results. For example, the rapid deployment of new communication access methods, including mobile, wireless broadband, cable and other connectivity, as well as the projected lack of growth in products using fixed-line telephony would reduce our total revenues derived from, and unit sales of, cordless telephony products. Our ability to maintain our growth will depend on the expansion of our product lines to capitalize on the emerging access methods and on our success in developing and selling a portfolio of “system-on-a-chip” solutions that integrate video, voice, data and communication technologies in a wider multimedia market, as well as on our success in developing and selling DECT, CoIP and video products. We cannot assure you that we will succeed in expanding our product lines, or develop and sell in a timely manner a portfolio of “system-on-a-chip” solutions.

Furthermore, there is a growing threat from alternative technologies accelerating the decline of the fixed-line telephony market. This competition comes mainly from mobile telephony, including emerging dual-mode mobile Wi-Fi phones, but also from other innovative applications, such as Skype. Given that we derive a significant amount of revenues from chipsets incorporated into fixed-line telephony products, if we are unable to develop new technologies in the face of the decline of this market, our business could be materially adversely affected.

The possible emerging trend of our OEM customers outsourcing their production may cause our revenue to decline.

We believe there may be an emerging trend of our OEM customers outsourcing their production to third parties. We have invested substantial resources to build relationships with our OEM customers. However the outsourcing companies whom our OEM customers may choose to outsource production may not have prior business relationship with us or may instead have prior or ongoing relationships with our competitors. The emergence of this trend may require us

 

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to expend substantial additional resources to build relationships with these outsourcing companies, which would increase our operating expenses. Even if we do expend such resources, there are no assurances that these outsourcing companies will choose to incorporate our chipsets rather than chipsets of our competitors. Our inability to retain an OEM customer once such customer chooses to outsource production would have a material adverse effect on our future revenue.

Because we have significant operations in Israel, we may be subject to political, economic and other conditions affecting Israel that could increase our operating expenses and disrupt our business.

Our principal research and development facilities are located in the State of Israel and, as a result, at September 30, 2007, 254 of our 506 employees were located in Israel, including 157 out of 304 of our research and development personnel. In addition, although we are incorporated in Delaware, a majority of our directors and executive officers are residents of Israel. Although substantially all of our sales currently are being made to customers outside of Israel, we are nonetheless directly influenced by the political, economic and military conditions affecting Israel. Any major hostilities involving Israel, or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its present trading partners, could significantly harm our business, operating results and financial condition.

Israel’s economy has been subject to numerous destabilizing factors, including a period of rampant inflation in the early to mid-1980s, low foreign exchange reserves, fluctuations in world commodity prices, military conflicts and civil unrest. In addition, Israel and companies doing business with Israel have been the subject of an economic boycott by the Arab countries since Israel’s establishment. Although they have not done so to date, these restrictive laws and policies may have an adverse impact on our operating results, financial condition or expansion of our business.

Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a state of hostility has existed, varying in degree and intensity, between Israel and the Arab countries. Although Israel has entered into various agreements with certain Arab countries and the Palestinian Authority, and various declarations have been signed in connection with efforts to resolve some of the economic and political problems in the Middle East, hostilities between Israel and some of its Arab neighbors have recently escalated and intensified. We cannot predict whether or in what manner these conflicts will be resolved. Our results of operations may be negatively affected by the obligation of key personnel to perform military service. In addition, certain of our officers and employees are currently obligated to perform annual reserve duty in the Israel Defense Forces and are subject to being called for active military duty at any time. Although we have operated effectively under these requirements since our inception, we cannot predict the effect of these obligations on the company in the future. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence, for a significant period, of one or more of our officers or key employees due to military service.

The tax benefits available to us under Israeli law require us to meet several conditions, and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which would increase our taxes.

Our facilities in Israel have been granted Approved Enterprise status under the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, commonly referred to as the Investment Law. The Investment Law provides that capital investments in a production facility (or other eligible assets) may be designated as an Approved Enterprise. Under that law, we receive certain tax benefits in Israel. To be eligible for tax benefits, we must meet certain conditions, relating principally to adherence to the investment program filed with the Investment Center of the Israeli Ministry of Industry and Trade and to periodic reporting obligations. Although we believe we have met such conditions in the past, should we fail to meet such conditions in the future, we would be subject to corporate tax in Israel at the standard corporate tax rate (29% for 2007) and could be required to refund tax benefits already received. We cannot assure you that such grants and tax benefits will be continued in the future at their current levels, if at all. The tax benefits under these investment plans are scheduled to gradually expire by 2015. The termination or reduction of certain programs and tax benefits (particularly benefits available to us as a result of the Approved Enterprise status of our facilities and programs) or a requirement to refund tax benefits already received may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. On April 1, 2005, an amendment to the Investment Law came into effect. The amendment revised the criteria for investments qualified to receive tax benefits. An eligible investment program under the amendment will qualify for benefits as a Privileged Enterprise (rather than the previous terminology of Approved Enterprise). Among other things, the amendment provides tax benefits to both local and foreign investors and simplifies the approval process. The

 

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amendment does not apply to investment programs approved prior to December 31, 2004. The new tax regime will apply to new investment programs only. We believe that we are currently in compliance with these requirements. However, if we fail to meet these requirements, we would be subject to corporate tax in Israel at the regular statutory rate (29% for 2007). We could also be required to refund tax benefits, with interest and adjustments for inflation based on the Israeli consumer price index.

We may engage in future acquisitions that could dilute our stockholders’ equity and harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We have pursued, and will continue to pursue, growth opportunities through internal development and acquisition of complementary businesses, products and technologies. We are unable to predict whether or when any other prospective acquisition will be completed. The process of integrating an acquired business may be prolonged due to unforeseen difficulties and may require a disproportionate amount of our resources and management’s attention. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully identify suitable acquisition candidates, complete acquisitions, integrate acquired businesses into our operations, or expand into new markets. Further, once integrated, acquisitions may not achieve comparable levels of revenues, profitability or productivity as our existing business or otherwise perform as expected. The occurrence of any of these events could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. Future acquisitions may require substantial capital resources, which may require us to seek additional debt or equity financing.

Future acquisitions by us could result in the following, any of which could seriously harm our results of operations or the price of our stock:

 

   

issuance of equity securities that would dilute our current stockholders’ percentages of ownership;

 

   

large one-time write-offs;

 

   

the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities;

 

   

difficulties in the assimilation and integration of operations, personnel, technologies, products and information systems of the acquired companies;

 

   

diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns;

 

   

contractual disputes;

 

   

risks of entering geographic and business markets in which we have no or only limited prior experience; and

 

   

potential loss of key employees of acquired organizations.

Third party claims of infringement or other claims against us could adversely affect our ability to market our products, require us to redesign our products or seek licenses from third parties, and seriously harm our operating results and disrupt our business.

As is typical in the semiconductor industry, we have been and may from time to time be notified of claims that we may be infringing patents or intellectual property rights owned by third parties. For example, in a lawsuit against Microsoft Corporation, AT&T asserted that our TrueSpeech 8.5 algorithm includes certain elements covered by a patent held by AT&T. AT&T sued Microsoft, one of our TrueSpeech 8.5 licensees, for infringement. We were not named in AT&T’s suit against Microsoft. If litigation becomes necessary to determine the validity of any third party claims, it could result in significant expense to us and could divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, whether or not the litigation is determined in our favor.

 

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If it appears necessary or desirable, we may try to obtain licenses for those patents or intellectual property rights that we are allegedly infringing. Although holders of these types of intellectual property rights commonly offer these licenses, we cannot assure you that licenses will be offered or that the terms of any offered licenses will be acceptable to us. Our failure to obtain a license for key intellectual property rights from a third party for technology used by us could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and to suspend the manufacturing of products utilizing the technology.

Alternatively, we could be required to expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology. We cannot assure you that we would be successful in developing non-infringing technology.

We may not be able to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, which could harm our competitive position.

Our success and ability to compete is in part dependent upon our internally-developed technology and other proprietary rights, which we protect through a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as through confidentiality agreements and licensing arrangements with our customers, suppliers, employees and consultants. In addition, we have filed a number of patents in the United States and in other foreign countries with respect to new or improved technology that we have developed. However, the status of any patent involves complex legal and factual questions, and the breadth of claims allowed is uncertain. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that any patent application filed by us will result in a patent being issued, or that the patents issued to us will not be infringed by others. Also, our competitors and potential competitors may develop products with similar technology or functionality as our products, or they may attempt to copy or reverse engineer aspects of our product line or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. Moreover, the laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold, including Hong Kong, Japan and Taiwan, may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Policing the unauthorized use of our products is difficult and may result in significant expense to us and could divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel. Even if we spend significant resources and efforts to protect our intellectual property, we cannot assure you that we will be able to prevent misappropriation of our technology. Use by others of our proprietary rights could materially harm our business and expensive litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights.

Because our products are complex, the detection of errors in our products may be delayed, and if we deliver products with defects, our credibility will be harmed, the sales and market acceptance of our products may decrease and product liability claims may be made against us.

Our products are complex and may contain errors, defects and bugs when introduced. If we deliver products with errors, defects or bugs, our credibility and the market acceptance and sales of our products could be significantly harmed. Furthermore, the nature of our products may also delay the detection of any such error or defect. If our products contain errors, defects and bugs, then we may be required to expend significant capital and resources to alleviate these problems. This could result in the diversion of technical and other resources from our other development efforts. Any actual or perceived problems or delays may also adversely affect our ability to attract or retain customers. Furthermore, the existence of any defects, errors or failures in our products could lead to product liability claims or lawsuits against us or against our customers. We generally provide our customers with a standard warranty for our products, generally lasting one year from the date of purchase. Although we attempt to limit our liability for product defects to product replacements, we may not be successful, and customers may sue us or claim liability for the defective products. A successful product liability claim could result in substantial cost and divert management’s attention and resources, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

We are exposed to the credit risk of our customers and to credit exposures in weakened markets, which could result in material losses.

Most of our sales are on an open credit basis. We expect demand for enhanced open credit terms, for example, longer payment terms, to continue and believe that such arrangements are a competitive factor in obtaining business. Although we monitor and attempt to mitigate credit risks, including through insurance coverage from time to time, there can be no assurance that our efforts will be effective. Moreover, even if we attempt to mitigate credit risks through

 

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insurance coverage, such coverage may not be sufficient to cover all of our losses and we would be subject to a deductible under any insurance coverage. Although any losses to date relating to credit exposure of our customers have not been material, future losses, if incurred, could harm our business and have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Our executive officers and key personnel are critical to our business, and because there is significant competition for personnel in our industry, we may not be able to attract and retain such qualified personnel.

Our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of our executive management team, and our technical, marketing, sales customer support and product development personnel. The loss of significant numbers of such personnel could significantly harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. We do not have any life insurance or other insurance covering the loss of any of our key employees. Because our products are specialized and complex, our success depends upon our ability to attract, train and retain qualified personnel, including qualified technical, marketing and sales personnel. However, the competition for personnel is intense and we may have difficulty attracting and retaining such personnel.

We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates.

A significant portion of our business is conducted outside the United States. Export sales to manufacturers in Europe and Asia, including Japan and Asia Pacific, represented 100% of our total revenues for the first nine months of 2007. Although most of our revenue and expenses are transacted in U.S. dollars, we may be exposed to currency exchange fluctuations in the future as business practices evolve and we are forced to transact business in local currencies. Moreover, part of our expenses in Israel are paid in Israeli currency, which subjects us to the risks of foreign currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the New Israeli Shekel (NIS) and to economic pressures resulting from Israel’s general rate of inflation. Our primary expenses paid in NIS are employee salaries and lease payments on our Israeli facilities. As a result, an increase in the value of Israeli currency in comparison to the U.S. dollar could increase the cost of our technology development, research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses. From time to time, we use derivative instruments in order to minimize the effects of currency fluctuations, but our hedging positions may be partial, may not exist at all in the future or may not succeed in minimizing our foreign currency fluctuation risks. Furthermore, due to the acquisition of the CIPT Business, a portion of our expenses for our European operations are paid in Euro and Swiss Franc, which subjects us to the risks of foreign currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the Euro and Swiss Franc. Our primary expenses paid in Euro and Swiss Franc are employee salaries, lease and operational payments on our European facilities. As a result, an increase in the value of the Euro and Swiss Franc in comparison to the U.S. dollar could increase the cost of our technology development, research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses.

Because the markets in which we compete are subject to rapid changes, our products may become obsolete or unmarketable.

The markets for our products and services are characterized by rapidly changing technology, short product life cycles, evolving industry standards, changes in customer needs, demand for higher levels of integration, growing competition and new product introductions. Our future growth is dependent not only on the continued success of our existing products but also successful introduction of new products as some of our existing products, such as 900MHz, 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz, experienced decreased sales. Our ability to adapt to changing technology and anticipate future standards, and the rate of adoption and acceptance of those standards, will be a significant factor in maintaining or improving our competitive position and prospects for growth. If new industry standards emerge, our products or our customers’ products could become unmarketable or obsolete, and we could lose market share. We may also have to incur substantial unanticipated costs to comply with these new standards. If our product development and improvements take longer than planned, the availability of our products would be delayed. Any such delay may render our products obsolete or unmarketable, which would have a negative impact on our ability to sell our products and our results of operations.

 

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Because of changing customer requirements and emerging industry standards, we may not be able to achieve broad market acceptance of our products. Our success is dependent, in part, on our ability to:

 

   

successfully develop, introduce and market new and enhanced products at competitive prices and in a timely manner in order to meet changing customer needs;

 

   

convince leading OEMs to select our new and enhanced products for design into their own new products;

 

   

respond effectively to new technological changes or new product announcements by others;

 

   

effectively use and offer leading technologies; and

 

   

maintain close working relationships with our key customers.

We cannot be sure that we will be successful in these pursuits, that the growth in demand will continue or that our products will achieve market acceptance. Our failure to develop and introduce new products that are compatible with industry standards and that satisfy customer requirements, and the failure of our products to achieve broad market acceptance, could have a negative impact on our ability to sell our products and our results of operations.

Because the markets in which we compete are highly competitive, and many of our competitors have greater resources than we do, we cannot be certain that our products will be accepted in the marketplace or capture market share.

The markets in which we operate are extremely competitive and characterized by rapid technological change, evolving standards, short product life cycles and price erosion. We expect competition to intensify as current competitors expand their product offerings and new competitors enter the market. Given the highly competitive environment in which we operate, we cannot be sure that any competitive advantages enjoyed by our current products would be sufficient to establish and sustain our new products in the market. Any increase in price or competition could result in the erosion of our market share, to the extent we have obtained market share, and would have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

In each of our business activities, we face current and potential competition from competitors that have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution resources and management expertise than we do. These competitors may also have pre-existing relationships with our customers or potential customers. Further, in the event of a manufacturing capacity shortage, these competitors may be able to manufacture products when we are unable to do so. Our principal competitors in the cordless market include SiTel (formerly the DECT division of National Semiconductor), Oki Electronic, Micro Linear and Infineon. Our principal competitors in the VoIP market include Broadcom, AudioCodes, Texas Instruments, Infineon and new Taiwanese IC vendors.

As discussed above, various new developments in the home residential market may require us to enter into new markets with competitors that have more established presence, and significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution resources and management expertise than we do. The expenditure of greater resources to expand our current product lines and develop a portfolio of “system-on-a-chip” solutions that integrate video, voice, data and communication technologies in a wider multimedia market may increase our operating expenses and reduce our gross profit. We cannot assure you that we will succeed in developing and introducing new products that are responsive to market demands.

An unfavorable government review of our federal income tax returns or changes in our effective tax rates could adversely affect our operating results.

Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated in countries where we have higher statutory rates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, or by changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles or interpretations thereof.

 

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In addition, we are subject to the periodic examination of our income tax returns by the IRS and other tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. The outcomes from these examinations may have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition. Our U.S. Federal income tax returns for 2003 and 2004 have been selected for audit by the Internal Revenue Service. While we believe that we have made adequate provisions related to the audits of these tax returns, the final determination of our obligations may exceed the amounts provided for by us in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. Specifically, we may receive assessments related to the audits and/or reviews of our U.S. income tax returns that exceed amounts provided for by us. In the event we are unsuccessful in reducing the amount of such assessments, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. Further, if additional taxes and/or penalties are assessed as a result of these audits, there could be a material effect on our income tax provision, operating expenses and net income in the period or periods for which that determination is made.

In connection with the acquisition of the CIPT Business of NXP, we applied for a tax ruling with the Swiss tax authorities to determine the tax rate applicable to the taxable income generated by our Swiss subsidiary, including the amortization period for tax purposes of goodwill and all other intangible assets acquired in the acquisition). As of September 30, 2007 and the filing date of this periodic report, the tax ruling process has not been finalized. In the event we do not receive a favorable tax ruling, there could be a material effect on our income tax provision for the taxable income generated by our Swiss subsidiary.

We may experience difficulties in transitioning to smaller geometry process technologies or in achieving higher levels of design integration, which may result in reduced manufacturing yields, delays in product deliveries and increased expenses.

A growing trend in our industry is the integration of greater semiconductor content into a single chip to achieve higher levels of functionality. In order to remain competitive, we must achieve higher levels of design integration and deliver new integrated products on a timely basis. This will require us to expend greater research and development resources, and may require us to modify the manufacturing processes for some of our products, to achieve greater integration. We periodically evaluate the benefits, on a product-by-product basis, of migrating to smaller geometry process technologies to reduce our costs. Although this migration to smaller geometry process technologies has helped us to offset the declining average selling prices of our IDT products, this effort may not continue to be successful. Also, because we are a fabless semiconductor company, we depend on our foundries to transition to smaller geometry processes successfully. We cannot assure you that our foundries will be able to effectively manage the transition. In case our foundries or we experience significant delays in this transition or fail to efficiently implement this transition, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain anti-takeover provisions that could prevent or discourage a third party from acquiring us.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may prevent or discourage a third party from acquiring us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders. We have a staggered board, which means it will generally take two years to change the composition of our board. Our board of directors also has the authority to fix the rights and preferences of shares of our preferred stock and to issue such shares without a stockholder vote. We also have a rights plan in place. It is possible that these provisions may prevent or discourage third parties from acquiring us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders. In addition, these factors may also adversely affect the market price of our common stock, and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock.

Our stock price may be volatile so you may not be able to resell your shares of our common stock at or above the price you paid for them.

Announcements of developments related to our business, announcements by competitors, quarterly fluctuations in our financial results, changes in the general conditions of the highly dynamic industry in which we compete or the national economies in which we do business, and other factors could cause the price of our common stock to fluctuate,

 

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perhaps substantially. In addition, in recent years, the stock market has experienced extreme price fluctuations, which have often been unrelated to the operating performance of affected companies. These factors and fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

 

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

There were no repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2007. We have 3,350,377 shares of our common stock remain authorized for repurchase as of September 30, 2007.

 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.

 

Exhibit 2.1    Share and Business Sale Agreement, dated September 3, 2007, by and among DSP Group, Inc., DSP Group Ltd. and NXP, B.V. (confidential treatment has been granted for portions of this exhibit) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 filed by the Company on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 7, 2007).
Exhibit 3.3    Amended and Restated Bylaws of DSP Group, Inc., effective as of October 31, 2007 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed by the Company on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 6, 2007).
Exhibit 10.38    Manufacturing Services Collaboration Agreement, dated September 4, 2007, by and among DSP Group, Inc., DSP Group Ltd. and NXP, B.V. (confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit).
Exhibit 10.39    Intellectual Property Transfer and License Agreement, dated September 4, 2007, by and among DSP Group, Inc., DSP Group Ltd. and NXP, B.V. (confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit).
Exhibit 10.40    Intellectual Property Library Services and R&D Agreement, dated September 4, 2007, by and among DSP Group, Inc., DSP Group Ltd. and NXP, B.V. (confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit).
Exhibit 10.41    Umbrella Transitional Services Agreement, dated September 4, 2007, by and among DSP Group, Inc., DSP Group Ltd. and NXP, B.V. (confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit).
Exhibit 10.42    Stockholders Agreement, effective September 4, 2007, by and between DSP Group, Inc. and NXP, B.V. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed by the Company on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 7, 2007).
Exhibit 10.43    Employment Agreement by and between Brian Robertson and DSP Group Switzerland AG, effective September 1, 2007 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed by the Company on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 6, 2007).
Exhibit 31.1    Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Exhibit 31.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Exhibit 32.1    Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Exhibit 32.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

    DSP GROUP, INC.
    (Registrant)
Date:   November 9, 2007     By:   /s/ Dror Levy
        Dror Levy, Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
        (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

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