UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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(Mark One) |
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE |
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SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 |
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OR |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE |
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SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to |
Commission file number: 1-11884
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Republic of Liberia |
98-0081645 |
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(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||
1050 Caribbean Way, Miami, Florida 33132
(Address of principal executive offices) (zip code)
(305) 539-6000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: |
Title of each class |
Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share |
New York Stock Exchange |
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
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x large accelerated filer |
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] accelerated filer |
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] non-accelerated filer |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [ ] No x |
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold was $4.9 billion as of the last business day of the registrants most recently completed second fiscal quarter.
There were 212,266,640 shares of common stock outstanding as of February 7, 2007.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The information required under Part III of this report is incorporated herein by reference to registrant's definitive proxy statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I |
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Item 1. |
Business |
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Item 1A. |
Risk Factors |
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Item 1B. |
Unresolved Staff Comments |
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Item 2. |
Properties |
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Item 3. |
Legal Proceedings |
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Item 4. |
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
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PART II |
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Item 5. |
Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
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Item 6. |
Selected Financial Data |
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Item 7. |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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Item 7A. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
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Item 8. |
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
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Item 9. |
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
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Item 9A. |
Controls and Procedures |
42 |
Item 9B. |
Other Information |
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PART III |
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Item 10. |
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance of the Registrant |
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Item 11. |
Executive Compensation |
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Item 12. |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |
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Item 13. |
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence |
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Item 14. |
Principal Accounting Fees and Services |
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PART IV |
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Item 15. |
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules |
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Signatures |
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PART I
As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the terms Royal Caribbean, the Company, we, our and us refer to Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd., the term Celebrity refers to Celebrity Cruise Lines Inc., the term Pullmantur refers to Pullmantur S.A. and the terms Royal Caribbean International, Celebrity Cruises and Pullmantur Cruises refer to our three cruise brands. In accordance with cruise vacation industry practice, the term berths is determined based on double occupancy per cabin even though many cabins can accommodate three or more passengers.
Item 1. Business
General
Royal Caribbean International was founded in 1968. The current parent corporation, Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd., was incorporated on July 23, 1985 in the Republic of Liberia under the Business Corporation Act of Liberia.
We are the worlds second largest cruise company operating 34 cruise ships with approximately 67,550 berths.
We operate three cruise brands, Royal Caribbean International, Celebrity Cruises and Pullmantur Cruises, in the cruise vacation industry. The cruise vacation industry is comprised of the budget, contemporary, premium and luxury segments. Our ships operate on a selection of worldwide itineraries that call on approximately 310 destinations. We compete principally on the basis of quality of ships, quality of service, variety of itineraries and price.
Royal Caribbean International
Royal Caribbean International serves the contemporary and premium segments of the cruise vacation industry. The contemporary segment is served by cruises that are generally seven nights or shorter and feature a casual ambiance. The premium segment is served by cruises that are generally seven to 14 nights and appeal to the more experienced passenger who is usually more affluent. Royal Caribbean International operates 20 cruise ships with approximately 47,900 berths, offering various cruise itineraries that range from two to 15 nights.
Royal Caribbean Internationals strategy is to attract an array of vacationing consumers in the contemporary segment by providing a wide variety of itineraries and cruise lengths with multiple innovative options for onboard dining, entertainment and other onboard activities. Royal Caribbean International offers a wide array of onboard activities, services and amenities, including swimming pools, sun decks, beauty salons, exercise and spa facilities, ice skating rinks, in-line skating, basketball courts, rock climbing walls, surf machines, bungee jumping trampolines, miniature golf courses, an interactive waterpark called the H2O Zone, gaming facilities, lounges, bars, Las Vegas-style entertainment, cinemas and Royal Promenades which are boulevards with shopping, dining and entertainment venues. Additionally, Royal Caribbean International offers a variety of shore excursions at each port of call. We believe that the variety and quality of Royal Caribbean Internationals product offerings represent excellent value to consumers, especially to couples and families traveling with children. Because of the brands extensive product offerings, we believe Royal Caribbean International is well positioned to attract new consumers to the cruise vacation industry and to continue to bring past passengers back for their next vacation. While the brand is positioned at the upper end of the contemporary segment, we believe that Royal Caribbean Internationals quality enables it to attract consumers from the premium segment as well, thereby achieving one of the broadest market coverages of any of the major brands in the cruise vacation industry.
Celebrity Cruises
Celebrity Cruises primarily serves the premium segment of the cruise vacation industry. Celebrity Cruises operates nine cruise ships with approximately 15,150 berths. The brand offers various cruise itineraries that range from two to 17 nights.
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Celebrity Cruises strategy is to attract experienced cruise passengers who appreciate and want the unique experience the brand offers. Celebrity Cruises delivers a high quality experience and good value with ships that offer extensive and luxurious spa facilities, fine dining, personalized service, and a high staff-to-passenger ratio. These are the hallmarks of the premium cruise vacation segment. Celebrity Cruises provides a variety of itineraries and cruise lengths and has a high proportion of its fleet deployment in seasonal markets (i.e. Alaska, Australia, Bermuda, Europe, Hawaii, New Zealand, the Panama Canal and South America). Celebrity Cruises includes in its breadth of product offerings itineraries to the Galapagos Islands, and recently inaugurated excursions to Machu Picchu in Peru. To further enhance our passengers experiences, Celebrity Cruises also offers a variety of shore excursions at each port of call.
Under its Celebrity Expeditions concept, Celebrity Cruises provides passengers a more intimate experience onboard smaller, upscale ships offering cruises to premium destinations. In 2004, Celebrity Cruises introduced Celebrity Xpedition, a 100-berth ship that offers cruises in the Galapagos Islands, as a Celebrity Expedition. Beginning in 2007, Celebrity Cruises will expand Celebrity Expeditions by introducing two additional ships. Blue Dream and Blue Moon, which are currently part of the recently-acquired Pullmantur fleet, will be redeployed to Celebrity and renamed Celebrity Journey and Celebrity Quest, respectively. Celebrity Journey will offer cruises from the United States to Bermuda commencing in May 2007 and Celebrity Quest will offer a series of Caribbean sailings featuring several first time ports of call as well as a series of Panama Canal itineraries commencing in October 2007. Before switching to the Celebrity Brand, each ship will undergo a revitalization to incorporate Celebritys signature elements.
Pullmantur Cruises
On November 14, 2006, we completed our acquisition of Pullmantur S.A., a Madrid-based cruise and tour operator. Pullmantur, formed in 1971, is the largest cruise operator in Spain. It has two primary businesses: cruises and tour operations. Since 2001, Pullmantur has operated five cruise ships in Europe and Latin America serving the contemporary cruise vacation segment with approximately 4,500 berths as of December 31, 2006. Pullmanturs tour operations sell land-based travel packages to Spanish guests including hotel and flights primarily to Caribbean resorts, and sells land-based travel packages to Europe aimed at Latin American customers. Pullmantur also owns a minority interest in a small air business that operates three aircraft in support of its cruise and tour operations. Pullmantur has offices in Spain and Portugal, with approximately 2,600 employees, and is Royal Caribbeans first wholly-owned European brand.
Pullmantur increases our presence in Spain and provides us with an opportunity to further grow our business in Europe and Latin America and to increase our product offerings. Pullmantur also provides us an opportunity for incremental guest, revenue and earnings growth.
In June 2007, Zenith will be redeployed from Celebrity Cruises to Pullmantur where it will begin offering cruises to the Eastern Mediterranean. Before switching to the Pullmantur brand, Zenith will undergo a revitalization to increase verandas, enlarge public areas and customize the ship for Spanish and Latin American guests.
Other
As part of our effort to develop our presence in markets outside of North America, in July 2000, we formed a joint venture with First Choice Holidays PLC (First Choice), one of the largest integrated tour operators in the United Kingdom. This joint venture operates a cruise brand, Island Cruises, offering itineraries designed to attract passengers from the United Kingdom and Brazil. Island Cruises operates a 1,500-berth ship sailing under the name Island Escape. Celebrity Cruises' Horizon, a 1,350-berth ship, is currently chartered under a six-year agreement through 2011 to this joint venture. Horizon is currently sailing under the name Island Star, expanding Island Cruise's presence in Europe and South America.
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Industry
Since 1970, cruising has been one of the fastest growing sectors of the vacation market, as the number of North American passengers has grown to an estimated 10.8 million in 2006 from 0.5 million in 1970, a compound annual growth rate of approximately 9%. However, from 2002 to 2006 a significant amount of growth was experienced resulting in a compound annual growth rate of approximately 12%. We have sought to capitalize on the increasing popularity of cruises through an extensive fleet expansion program.
According to our estimates, the North American cruise market was served by an estimated 112 cruise ships with approximately 156,987 berths at the beginning of 2002. We estimate that this capacity increased to approximately 229,486 berths on approximately 140 ships by the end of 2006. The increase in capacity over the last five years is net of approximately 24 ships with approximately 33,584 berths that have either been retired or moved out of the North American market. There are approximately 24 cruise ships with an estimated 68,360 berths that are expected be placed in service between 2007 and 2010.
The following table details the growth in the North American cruise market of both passengers and estimated weighted-average berths over the past five years:
Year |
North American Cruise Passengers(1) |
Weighted-Average Supply of Berths Marketed in North America(2) |
2002 |
7,640,000 |
163,100 |
2003 |
8,195,000 |
182,600 |
2004 |
9,108,000 |
206,700 |
2005 |
9,909,000 |
216,300 |
2006 |
10,836,000 |
227,300 |
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(1) |
Source: Cruise Line International Association based on passengers carried for at least two consecutive nights, except for 2006, which is based on our estimates. |
(2) |
Source: Our estimates. |
Cruise lines compete for consumers disposable leisure time spending with other vacation alternatives such as land-based resort hotels and sightseeing destinations. Demand for such activities is influenced by geo-political and general economic conditions. We believe that cruise passengers currently represent only a small share of the vacation market and that a significant portion of cruise passengers carried are first-time cruisers.
Our ships operate worldwide and have itineraries that call on destinations in Alaska, Asia, Australia, the Bahamas, Bermuda, California, Canada, the Caribbean, Europe, the Galapagos Islands, Hawaii, Mexico, New England, New Zealand, the Panama Canal and South America.
We compete with a number of cruise lines; however, our principal competitors are Carnival Corporation & plc, which owns, among others, Carnival Cruise Lines, Princess Cruises, Holland America Line, Costa Cruises, P&O Cruises, and Cunard Line; Star Cruises, which owns, among others, Star Cruises and Norwegian Cruise Line; Mediterranean Shipping Company, which owns MSC Cruises; and Disney Cruise Line.
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Operating Strategies
Our principal operating strategies are to:
improve the awareness and market penetration of our brands,
continue to expand our fleet with state-of-the-art cruise ships,
continue to improve and expand the quality and innovation of our fleet,
expand into new markets and itineraries,
further expand our international passenger sourcing,
utilize sophisticated revenue management systems to optimize revenue from demand for our products,
continue to manage our costs,
further improve our technological capabilities, and
maintain strong relationships with travel agencies, the principal industry distribution channel, while offering direct access for consumers.
Brand Awareness
We continue to broaden the recognition of our brands among consumers. Royal Caribbean International is an established brand in the contemporary and premium segments of the cruise vacation industry. We believe we are positioning Celebrity Cruises as the best choice in the premium segment of the cruise vacation industry. Pullmantur Cruises is a widely recognized brand in the Spanish and Latin American contemporary cruise markets.
Brand awareness for Royal Caribbean International is achieved through communication strategies designed to broadly communicate its high quality and excellent-value cruise vacations. Royal Caribbean Internationals communication strategies target active adults and families who are vacation enthusiasts interested in exploring new destinations, seeking new experiences and having a real lust for life. These strategies are also designed to attract first-time cruisers to the cruise vacation industry and to the Royal Caribbean International brand.
In order to attract the active cruiser who is seeking new experiences as well as first-time cruisers, Royal Caribbean International provides multiple choices to passengers through a wide array of itineraries, accommodations, dining options, onboard activities and shore excursions. The hallmarks of the brand include friendly and engaging service, state-of-the-art cruise ships, family programs, entertainment, health and fitness and energizing onboard and shoreside activities designed for passengers of all ages.
Celebrity Cruises communicates its brand image and message through a series of consumer and trade campaigns, products and experiences, all designed to build awareness of its high quality cruise vacations and drive brand preference. Celebrity Cruises communications target cruisers who seek upscale experiences and appreciate quality and value. We believe Celebrity Cruises provides a high quality cruise vacation by offering award-winning cuisine, personal service with a high staff-to-passenger ratio and spacious accommodations.
Under its Celebrity Expeditions concept, Celebrity Cruises provides passengers a more intimate experience onboard smaller, upscale ships offering cruises to premium destinations. Beginning in 2007, Celebrity Cruises will expand Celebrity Expeditions by introducing two additional ships, Celebrity Journey and Celebrity Quest.
Pullmantur Cruises operates in the Spanish market, which is one of the fastest growing cruise markets in Europe. Pullmanturs cruise product is tailored specifically to Spanish-speaking passengers from both Spain and Latin America. All customer-facing crewmembers speak Spanish, dining times are later and onboard activities, services, shore excursions and menu offerings are designed to suit their target customers preferences. We will seek to broaden the awareness and market penetration of our new brand.
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Fleet Expansion |
Based on the ships currently on order, our capacity is expected to increase to approximately 88,750 berths by December 31, 2010. Since our first fleet expansion program beginning in 1988, we have continued to increase our average ship size and number of available berths, which has enabled us to achieve certain economies of scale. Larger ships allow us to carry more passengers without a corresponding increase in certain operating expenses.
Royal Caribbean International. Founded in 1968, Royal Caribbean International was the first cruise line to design cruise ships especially for warm water year-round cruising. Royal Caribbean International operated a modern fleet in the 1970s and early 1980s, establishing a reputation for high quality. Between 1988 and 1992, the brand tripled its capacity by embarking on its first major capital expansion program and taking delivery of three Sovereign-class ships. From 1995 through 1998, Royal Caribbean International completed its second capital expansion program by taking delivery of six Vision-class ships, ranging in size from approximately 1,800 to 2,000 berths. During this same period, Royal Caribbean International sold four of its older ships because their age and design were no longer consistent with its image and marketing strategy.
Royal Caribbean International began its third capital expansion program with orders for five Voyager-class ships and four Radiance-class ships. The Voyager-class ships were placed in service from 1999 through 2003. Each ship is approximately 140,000 gross tons with approximately 3,100 berths.
The brand introduced its four Radiance-class ships from 2001 through 2004. The Radiance-class ships (approximately 90,000 gross tons each) are a progression from the brands Vision-class ships and have approximately 2,100 berths each.
In May 2006, Royal Caribbean International launched the 3,600 berth Freedom of the Seas, the first of three planned Freedom-class ships, and the largest cruise ship in the world. Royal Caribbean International expects to take delivery of two additional Freedom-class ships, Liberty of the Seas and Independence of the Seas, in 2007 and 2008, respectively.
Royal Caribbean International will introduce a new class of ship in 2009. This class of ship will have a capacity of approximately 5,400 berths, which is 50% larger than the capacity on the Freedom-class ships. At 1,180 feet long, 154 feet wide and 240 feet high, this new class of ship will give Royal Caribbean ample room to create new amenities to heighten guests cruise experience. We have an option to purchase an additional ship in this class, exercisable through March 2007. If ordered, the ship will be delivered in the third quarter of 2010.
Celebrity Cruises. Celebrity Cruises was founded in 1990 and operated three ships between 1992 and 1995. Between 1995 and 1997, Celebrity Cruises undertook its first capital expansion program, adding three Century-class ships, which range in size from approximately 1,750 to 1,850 berths and disposing of one of its original three ships. Celebrity Cruises completed its second capital expansion program with the delivery of four Millennium-class ships from 2000 through 2002. Each Millennium-class ship has approximately 2,050 berths and is approximately 90,000 gross tons.
In 2004, Celebrity Cruises introduced its Celebrity Expeditions cruise concept by launching Celebrity Xpedition, a 100-berth ship that offers a more intimate, smaller ship experience with sailings to the Galapagos Islands. We intend to expand the Celebrity Expeditions concept with the introduction of Celebrity Journey and Celebrity Quest in May and October 2007, respectively.
To continue its product evolution, Celebrity Cruises entered into contracts with a shipyard to build three Solstice-class ships, Celebrity Solstice, Celebrity Equinox and Celebrity Eclipse. The Solstice-class ships will be approximately 118,000 gross tons each with approximately 2,850 berths, incorporating many features typically associated with luxury cruising. Celebrity Solstice, Celebrity Equinox and Celebrity Eclipse are scheduled for delivery in the fourth quarter of 2008, the third quarter of 2009 and the second quarter of 2010, respectively.
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Fleet Innovation
We place a strong focus on product innovation, not only for stimulating repeat business, but also for driving new demand for our products. The Voyager, Radiance and Millennium-class ships introduced several product innovations to the marketplace, and our brands have begun to adopt these innovations as signature elements. For example, Royal Caribbean Internationals Voyager-class ships provide more diverse vacation options for families and for those seeking active sports and entertainment alternatives during their vacation experience. Each Voyager-class ship has a variety of unique features, including the cruise vacation industrys first horizontal atrium, the Royal Promenade (which is four decks tall, longer than a football field and provides entertainment, shopping and dining experiences), recreational activities such as ice skating, in-line skating, rock climbing, miniature golf and full court basketball, enhanced staterooms, expanded dining venues and a variety of intimate spaces. Radiance-class ships incorporate many of the dining and entertainment options of the Voyager-class ships, as well as offer a wide array of unique features. These features include alternative dining venues, panoramic glass elevators facing outward to the sea, floor to ceiling glass windows offering sea views and a billiards club featuring gyroscopic billiard tables. During the second quarter of 2006, Freedom of the Seas began offering several new experiences to cruising including a surf machine, an interactive water park called the H2O ZoneTM and a dedicated sports pool. The Freedom-class ships are approximately 16% larger than the Voyager-class ships and have some of the largest staterooms and balconies in the industry, flat screen televisions, cell phone services and other amenities. Building upon the innovations of the Voyager-class and Freedom-class ships, Royal Caribbean International will introduce a new class of ship in 2009.
The Millennium-class ships elevated Celebrity Cruises position in the premium segment of the marketplace. This class of ships, which is a progression from the Century-class ships, builds on the brands primary strengths, including gourmet dining, luxurious spa facilities, and spacious staterooms and suites complete with verandas. On the Millennium-class ships, an entire deck is dedicated to health, fitness and the rejuvenating powers of water. Celebrity Cruises spas offer a variety of features, including a large hydropool with neck massage and body jets and services including acupuncture at sea. To further enhance the onboard experience, Celebrity Cruises offers a more intimate setting in our piano, champagne, and martini bars and lounges. In 2008, Celebrity Cruises will introduce the Solstice-class, a new wide-body construction class of ships, with large staterooms averaging 215 square feet. Approximately 90% of the ships' staterooms will be outside and 85% of the staterooms will have verandas.
In order to offer passengers a wider range of activities and amenities and to ensure consistency across our fleets, we embarked on a program of revitalizing our older ships to update and refresh their interiors and to incorporate signature brand elements. Renovations included the addition of new balconies, verandas, dining venues, lounges and teen areas as well as extensive refurbishments to staterooms and public areas.
Royal Caribbean International commenced its revitalization program in 2003 with extensive renovations to Monarch of the Seas, followed by extensive renovations to Empress of the Seas and Sovereign of the Seas in 2004. In 2005, Enchantment of the Seas underwent a lengthening with a new 73-foot midsection, which features 151 additional staterooms, suspension bridges, an overhanging bar offering panoramic views and bungee jumping trampolines. For the increasing number of young cruisers, Enchantment of the Seas introduced a new interactive splash pad with water jets on the floor, which transforms into a fiber-optic and water show at night. Majesty of the Seas is scheduled for extensive renovations in the first quarter of 2007 to include the addition of new dining venues, lounges and teen areas as well as new bedding packages for all staterooms.
Celebritys revitalization program began during 2006, with extensive renovations to Century, which incorporated many of the Millennium-class standards, while adding 314 new verandas, approximately 26 additional suites and staterooms, and a new specialty restaurant.
New Markets and Itineraries
Our ships operate worldwide with a selection of itineraries that call on approximately 310 ports. New ships, including both newly constructed vessels and those we acquire, allow us to expand into new destinations, itineraries and markets. Our brands have expanded their mix of itineraries in Europe, and our recent Pullmantur acquisition provides us with a brand operating in the Spanish market, while strengthening our ability to penetrate the European and Latin American markets further.
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In 2007, we will focus on the acceleration of Royal Caribbean Internationals strategic position as a global cruise brand with the announced deployments of Splendour of the Seas in South America and Legend of the Seas in the Dominican Republic. In addition, Royal Caribbean International is expanding itineraries into Asia, Australia and New Zealand with Rhapsody of the Seas in December 2007, and Celebrity Cruises is expanding operations into Australia and New Zealand with Mercury in December 2007. The brands are now offering a wide variety of cruise tours from Alaska, the Canadian Rockies and Europe in order to provide vacationers with a broad range of product options.
In an effort to secure desirable berthing facilities for our ships, and to provide new or enhanced cruise destinations for our passengers, from time to time we assist or invest in the development or enhancement of certain port facilities and infrastructure located in strategic ports of call. Generally, we collaborate with local private or governmental entities by providing management and/or financial assistance. In exchange for our involvement, we generally secure preferential berthing rights for our ships.
International Passengers
Passenger ticket revenues generated by sales in countries outside of the United States were approximately 18%, 21%, and 18% of total passenger ticket revenues in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The percentage of passengers sourced outside of the United States was approximately 13% in 2006 compared to approximately 16% in 2005 and approximately 15% in 2004. International passengers have grown from approximately 213,000 in 1998 to approximately 586,000 in 2006.
We sell and market the Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises brands to passengers outside of North America through our offices in the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Norway, Italy and Spain. We further extend our reach with a network of 48 independent international representatives located throughout the world. We market our product in these countries by focusing on innovation and by responding to cultural characteristics of our global passengers. Our recently acquired Pullmantur Cruises brand sells and markets its cruises to passengers primarily in Spain and Latin America through its offices in Spain.
During the summer of 2005, Royal Caribbean International dedicated Legend of the Seas to the United Kingdom passenger market, offering itineraries to the Mediterranean sailing directly from Southampton, United Kingdom and offering onboard products designed to appeal to passengers from the United Kingdom. Due to the success of this effort, we will be replacing Legend of the Seas with a Voyager-class vessel, Navigator of the Seas, to this itinerary in 2007. Also in 2007, Royal Caribbean Internationals Voyager of the Seas will return to Barcelona, Spain offering Mediterranean itineraries. Royal Caribbean International will also introduce the Vision-class ship, Rhapsody of the Seas, to Australia, New Zealand and the South Pacific offering sailings from Singapore, Hong Kong and Shanghai. Splendour of the Seas will begin a Pan-European itinerary out of Venice, Italy beginning in May and will also sail in South America with emphasis on Brazil. At the end of 2007, Celebrity Cruises will introduce Mercury to Australia and New Zealand offering open-jaw sailings between Auckland and Sydney. In May 2008, Independence of the Seas will be introduced in the United Kingdom and will offer itineraries to the Mediterranean, the Channel Islands and the Canary Islands.
In addition to the development of our global brands, we focus on innovative ways to develop our local presence in markets outside of North America. We have a joint venture with First Choice, one of the largest integrated tour operators in the United Kingdom. This joint venture operates a cruise brand, Island Cruises, offering itineraries designed to attract passengers from the United Kingdom and Brazil. Island Cruises operates a 1,500 berth ship sailing under the name Island Escape. Celebrity Cruises Horizon, a 1,350 berth ship, is currently chartered under a six-year agreement through 2011 to this joint venture. Horizon is currently sailing under the name Island Star, expanding Island Cruises presence in Europe and South America.
Revenue Management
We believe we have one of the most advanced revenue management systems in the industry, which enables us to make more advantageous decisions about pricing, inventory management and marketing actions. We are continuously working to improve these systems and tools through increased forecasting capabilities, ongoing improvements to our understanding of price/demand relationships, and greater automation of the decision process.
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Cost Management
We continue to prioritize the identification and implementation of shipboard and shoreside operating cost initiatives, and to foster a corporate culture focused on cost management. Examples of these ongoing efforts include continued optimization of shipboard and shoreside staffing levels, application of continuous improvement processes, and improved efficiency of fuel consumption through technology and opportunistic initiatives, including use of alternative fuel solutions, itinerary optimization, and diligent shipboard conservation efforts.
Technological Development
We continue to invest in information technology to support and improve our corporate infrastructure and passenger and travel trade relations. We have a workforce management system to schedule and manage contracts for our shipboard employees worldwide and have also automated the transmission of passenger and crew information to all relevant government agencies. Both Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises have extensive websites that are world-class marketing portals with consumer booking engines providing access to millions of Internet users throughout the world. We have streamlined our documentation process by providing our passengers with electronic documents accessible online. We also offer passengers the ability to complete their embarkation forms online prior to the embarkation date and also offer automated pierside embarkation and disembarkation to our passengers. Automation of the disembarkation process improves the travel experience for our passengers by providing airline boarding passes and luggage check-in for same-day return flights while passengers are still onboard the ship. To further enhance our customer service, we provide online access so passengers can book shore excursions and Alaska cruisetour land excursions via our websites. We offer a website for Celebrity Cruises which improves the ease of use and distribution of multimedia marketing information to our current and potential customers. Additionally, we have implemented a customer relationship management tool, which improves our ability to respond to passenger and travel agent inquiries in a timely and accurate manner. Other innovations include wireless Internet cafes and cellular phone access on selected ships to satisfy our passengers mobile computing and communication needs. We have interactive televisions in passenger staterooms on certain ships, enabling passengers to shop for shore excursions, select a dinner wine and monitor their onboard accounts. We have cruisingpower.com, a website dedicated to Internet communications with the travel agency community, which enables fast access to online tools and is the ultimate shared resource center for Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises information. These online tools include CruiseMatch® Online, an Internet browser-based booking system, CruisePaySM, an online payment service, Insight, a booking summary report and Cruise WriterSM, which provides the capability to customize brochures and flyers.
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Travel Agency Support
Travel agencies generate the majority of the bookings for our ships and we are committed to further developing and strengthening this very important distribution channel. Each of our brands has a brand-dedicated sales force. Each sales team focuses on the unique qualities of each brand and provides support to the travel agency community. The Trade Support & Services department, with branded call center operations, further supports the travel agency community in designing the cruise vacation experience. We offer an automated reservations system, CruiseMatch® Online, which allows travel agents direct access to Royal Caribbean Internationals and Celebrity Cruises computer reservation system for direct bookings. We launched a dedicated home-based portal on cruisingpower.com, which offers home-based travel partners access to exclusive communication, education, sales and marketing tools and resources needed to grow their business with us. We have customer service representatives that are trained to assist travel agents in providing a higher level of service and Insight, the first Internet service tool of its kind in the industry, which assists agencies with productivity and enhances customer service. We currently operate reservation call centers to support our travel agent community in the United States, Canada, Spain and the United Kingdom offering flexibility and extended hours of operations. Call centers for the United States and Canada are located in Miami and Miramar, Florida, Wichita, Kansas and Springfield, Oregon. The call center for the United Kingdom is located in Addlestone, England. The call center for Pullmantur Cruises is located in Madrid, Spain. We have certified vacation planners in our call centers in Miami, Miramar, Wichita, Springfield and Addlestone offering cruise planning expertise and personal attention for direct bookings. In addition, direct booking channels for Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises are available through our Internet sites at www.royalcaribbean.com and www.celebrity.com.
Passenger Services
We offer to handle virtually all travel aspects related to passenger reservations and transportation, including arranging passenger pre and post hotel stay arrangements and air transportation. Our air/sea program offers passengers the choice of our standard air or custom air programs. Our standard air program allows our passengers to benefit from comprehensive relationships that we maintain with many major airlines ranging from fare negotiation and space handling to baggage transfer. Our custom air program enables passengers to customize their flight arrangements, including selection of airline, specific flights and class of service.
The Royal Caribbean International passenger loyalty program, Crown & Anchor Society has over 4.1 million members worldwide and includes benefits such as a secured dedicated section in the www.royalcaribbean.com Internet site with special cruise offers and onboard amenities. The Celebrity Cruises passenger loyalty program, Captain's Club has approximately 850,000 members. Captain's Club members enjoy exclusive members-only onboard programs and amenities, and are provided with a secured area on the Celebrity Cruises web site, which communicates select product offers.
9
Operations
Cruise Ships and Itineraries
We operate 34 ships, under three brands, with a selection of worldwide itineraries ranging from two to 17 nights that call on approximately 310 destinations. Liberty of the Seas is expected to enter revenue service in May 2007. In addition, Pullmantur Cruises will operate Pacific and Mona Lisa under charter agreements with third parties from April through October 2007 and June through August 2007, respectively. The following table represents summary information concerning our ships and their areas of operation based on 2007 itineraries (subject to change):
Ship |
Year Ship Entered Service |
Approximate Berths |
Primary Areas of Operation | |||
Royal Caribbean International |
|
|
| |||
Liberty of the Seas |
2007 |
3,600 |
Eastern/Western Caribbean | |||
Freedom of the Seas |
2006 |
3,600 |
Eastern/Western Caribbean | |||
Jewel of the Seas |
2004 |
2,100 |
Eastern/Western Caribbean, Canada/New England, Europe | |||
Mariner of the Seas |
2003 |
3,100 |
Eastern/Western Caribbean | |||
Serenade of the Seas |
2003 |
2,100 |
Alaska, Southern Caribbean, Panama Canal, Hawaii | |||
Navigator of the Seas |
2002 |
3,100 |
Eastern/Western Caribbean, Europe | |||
Brilliance of the Seas |
2002 |
2,100 |
Caribbean, Europe, Panama Canal | |||
Adventure of the Seas |
2001 |
3,100 |
Southern Caribbean | |||
Radiance of the Seas |
2001 |
2,100 |
Eastern/Western Caribbean, Alaska, Hawaii, Panama Canal | |||
Explorer of the Seas |
2000 |
3,100 |
Eastern/Western Caribbean, Bermuda | |||
Voyager of the Seas |
1999 |
3,100 |
Eastern/Western Caribbean, Europe | |||
Vision of the Seas |
1998 |
2,000 |
Alaska, Mexican Riviera | |||
Enchantment of the Seas1 |
1997 |
2,250 |
Western Caribbean | |||
Rhapsody of the Seas |
1997 |
2,000 |
Western Caribbean, Australia/NZ, Asia | |||
Grandeur of the Seas |
1996 |
1,950 |
Caribbean, Bermuda, Canada, New England | |||
Splendour of the Seas |
1996 |
1,800 |
Western Caribbean, Europe, South America | |||
Legend of the Seas |
1995 |
1,800 |
Europe, Western Caribbean, Southern Caribbean | |||
Majesty of the Seas |
1992 |
2,350 |
Bahamas | |||
Monarch of the Seas |
1991 |
2,350 |
Baja Mexico | |||
Empress of the Seas |
1990 |
1,600 |
Southern Caribbean, Bermuda | |||
Sovereign of the Seas |
1988 |
2,300 |
Bahamas | |||
|
|
|
| |||
Celebrity Cruises Constellation |
2002 |
2,050 |
Caribbean, Europe, Canada/New England | |||
Summit |
2001 |
2,050 |
Alaska, Panama Canal, Hawaii, Southern Caribbean | |||
Infinity |
2001 |
2,050 |
Alaska, Panama Canal, South America, Hawaii | |||
Millennium |
2000 |
2,050 |
Eastern Caribbean, Europe | |||
Mercury |
1997 |
1,850 |
Alaska, Pacific/Northwest, Mexican Riviera, Panama Canal, Hawaii, Australia/NZ | |||
Galaxy |
1996 |
1,850 |
Southern Caribbean, Europe | |||
Century2 |
1995 |
1,800 |
Western Caribbean, Europe | |||
Zenith3 |
1992 |
1,350 |
Caribbean, Bermuda, Mediterranean | |||
Celebrity Xpedition4 |
2004 |
100 |
Galapagos Islands | |||
10
Pullmantur Cruises | ||||||
Blue Moon5 |
2006 |
700 |
Baltic, Caribbean, Panama Canal | |||
Sky Wonder6 |
2006 |
1,200 |
Eastern Mediterranean | |||
Holiday Dream6 |
2005 |
750 |
Mediterranean, Caribbean | |||
Oceanic6 |
2001 |
1,150 |
Western Mediterranean | |||
Blue Dream7 |
2004 |
700 |
Mediterranean, Bermuda | |||
Pacific |
2007 |
600 |
Mediterranean | |||
Mona Lisa |
2007 |
750 ____ |
Mediterranean | |||
Total |
|
72,500 |
| |||
1Enchantment of the Seas was lengthened in 2005, resulting in approximately 300 additional berths.
2Century was revitalized in 2006, resulting in approximately 26 additional berths.
3Zenith will undergo a revitalization and will be redeployed to Pullmantur in June 2007.
4 Celebrity Xpedition was built in 2001.
5Blue Moon was built in 2000. Blue Moon will undergo a revitalization and be redeployed to Celebrity as Celebrity Quest in October of 2007.
6Sky Wonder, Holiday Dream and Oceanic were built in 1984, 1981 and 1965, respectively.
7Blue Dream was built in 2000. Blue Dream will undergo a revitalization and be redeployed to Celebrity as Celebrity Journey in May of 2007.
Celebrity Cruises Horizon, a 1,350 berth ship, is currently chartered under a six-year agreement through 2011 to Island Cruises, our joint venture with First Choice.
We have two Freedom-class ships and one ship of a new class on order for Royal Caribbean International. These ships are being built in Finland by Aker Finnyards. We have three Solstice-class ships on order for Celebrity Cruises. These ships are being built in Germany by Meyer Werft. The expected delivery dates and planned berths of the six ships on order are as follows:
Ship |
Expected Delivery Date |
Approximate Berths |
Royal Caribbean International: |
|
|
Freedom-class: |
|
|
Liberty of the Seas |
2nd Quarter 2007 |
3,600 |
Independence of the Seas |
2nd Quarter 2008 |
3,600 |
New Class (unnamed) |
||
Unnamed |
3rd Quarter 2009 |
5,400 |
Celebrity Cruises: |
|
|
Solstice-class: |
|
|
Celebrity Solstice |
4th Quarter 2008 |
2,850 |
Celebrity Equinox |
3rd Quarter 2009 |
2,850 |
Celebrity Eclipse |
2nd Quarter 2010 |
2,850 |
We have an option to purchase an additional ship for Royal Caribbean International, exercisable through March 2007, for an additional capacity of approximately 5,400 berths. If ordered, we expect the optional ship will be delivered in the third quarter of 2010.
Seasonality
Our revenues are seasonal based on the demand for cruises. Demand is strongest for cruises during the summer months and holidays.
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Passengers and Capacity
Selected statistical information (amounts exclude Pullmantur) is shown in the following table (see Terminology and Non-GAAP Financial Measures under Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, for definitions):
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||||
|
| ||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Passengers Carried |
3,600,807 |
3,476,287 |
3,405,227 |
2,990,607 |
2,768,475 |
Passenger Cruise Days |
23,849,606 |
23,178,560 |
22,661,965 |
20,064,702 |
18,112,782 |
Available Passenger Cruise Days (APCD) |
22,392,478 |
21,733,724 |
21,439,288 |
19,439,238 |
17,334,204 |
Occupancy |
106.5% |
106.6% |
105.7% |
103.2% |
104.5% |
Cruise Pricing
Our cruise prices include a wide variety of activities and amenities, including meals and entertainment. Prices vary depending on the destination, cruise length, cabin category selected and the time of year the voyage takes place. Additionally, we offer air transportation as a service for passengers that elect to utilize the air program. Our air transportation is available from cities in the United States, Canada, Latin America and Europe. Prices vary by gateway and destination. On average, air tickets are sold to passengers at prices close to cost.
Onboard Activities and Other Revenues
Our brands offer modern fleets with a wide array of onboard activities, services and amenities, including swimming pools, sun decks, spa facilities (which include massage and exercise facilities), beauty salons, gaming facilities, lounges, bars, Las Vegas-style entertainment, retail shopping, libraries, cinemas, conference centers, Internet cafes and shore excursions at each port of call. While many onboard activities are included in the base price of a cruise, we realize additional revenues from, among other things, gaming, the sale of alcoholic and other beverages, gift shop items, shore excursions, photography, spa services and art auctions. Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises offer a catalogue gift service, which is now offered via the Internet to provide travel agents and others the opportunity to purchase bon voyage gifts. In 2006, both brands introduced enhanced functionality on our Internet sites for selecting shore excursions and amenities prior to embarkation. In 2007 Celebrity will continue to offer the Savor the Caribbean culinary themed cruises, marking the third year of this successful program. Royal Caribbean International ships offer rock climbing walls and the Voyager-class ships offer additional activities including ice skating rinks and in-line skating. In 2005, Royal Caribbean International introduced bungee jumping trampolines on the renovated Enchantment of the Seas. In 2006, Freedom of the Seas began offering several new experiences to cruising including a surf machine, an interactive water park called the H2O Zone and a dedicated sports pool.
In conjunction with our cruise vacations, we offer pre and post cruise hotel packages. We also offer fully escorted, premium land-tour packages in Alaska, Australia, the Canadian Rockies, New Zealand, and Europe through Royal Celebrity Tours. These land-tour itineraries include travel by deluxe motorcoach and/or Wilderness Express traincars. In addition, we sell cruise vacation protection coverage, which provides passengers with coverage for trip cancellation, medical protection and baggage protection.
Pullmantur Cruises also offers land-based travel packages to Spanish and European vacation travelers including hotels and flights to Caribbean resorts and sells land based packages to Europe aimed at Latin American customers.
Segment Reporting
We operate three cruise brands, Royal Caribbean International, Celebrity Cruises and Pullmantur Cruises. The brands have been aggregated as a single reportable segment based on the similarity of their economic characteristics, as well as products and services provided. (For financial information see Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.)
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Employees
As of December 31, 2006, we employed approximately 4,329 full-time and 687 part-time employees worldwide in our shoreside operations. We also employed approximately 37,942 shipboard employees. As of December 31, 2006, approximately 80% of our shipboard employees were covered by collective bargaining agreements. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.
Insurance
We maintain insurance on the hull and machinery of our ships, which includes additional coverage for disbursements, earnings and increased value, which are maintained in amounts related to the value of each ship. The coverage for each of the hull policies is maintained with syndicates of insurance underwriters from the British, Scandinavian, French, United States, Spanish and other international insurance markets.
We maintain liability protection and indemnity insurance for each of our Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises ships through either Assuranceforeningen GARD or the United Kingdom Mutual Steam Ship Assurance Association (Bermuda) Limited.
We maintain war risk insurance for our Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises ships, including terrorist risk insurance, on each ship through a Norwegian war risk insurance organization. This coverage includes coverage for physical damage to the ship which is not covered under the hull policies as a result of war exclusion clauses in such hull policies. We also maintain protection and indemnity war risk coverage for risks that would be excluded by the rules of the indemnity insurance organizations, subject to certain limitations. Consistent with most marine war risk policies, under the terms of our war risk insurance coverage, underwriters can give seven days notice to us that the policy will be canceled and reinstated at higher premium rates.
Pullmantur's liability protection, indemnity insurance and war risk insurance for its ships are maintained with the Steamship Mutual Underwriting Association (Bermuda) Limited and Assuranceforeningen SKULD.
We also maintain a form of business interruption insurance for our Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises brands with our insurance underwriters in the event that a ship is unable to operate during scheduled cruise periods due to loss or damage to the ship arising from certain covered events that last more than a specified period of time. We also maintain insurance coverage for certain events, which would result in a delayed delivery of our contracted new ships, which we normally place starting approximately two years prior to the scheduled delivery dates.
Insurance coverage for shoreside property, shipboard inventory, and general liability risks are maintained with insurance underwriters in the United States and the United Kingdom. We have decided not to carry business interruption insurance for shoreside operations based on our evaluation of the risks involved and our protective measures already in place, as compared to the premium expense.
All insurance coverage is subject to certain limitations, exclusions and deductible levels. In addition, in certain circumstances, we co-insure a portion of these risks. Premiums charged by insurance carriers, including carriers in the maritime insurance industry, increase or decrease from time to time and tend to be cyclical in nature. These cycles are impacted both by our own loss experience and by losses incurred in direct and reinsurance markets. We historically have been able to obtain insurance coverage in amounts and at premiums we have deemed to be commercially acceptable. No assurance can be given that affordable and secure insurance markets will be available to us in the future, particularly for war risk insurance.
The Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea (1974) and the 1976 Protocol to the Athens Convention are generally applicable to passenger ships. The United States has not ratified the Athens Convention; however, with limited exceptions, the 1976 Athens Convention Protocol may be contractually enforced with respect to those of our cruises that do not call at a United States port. The International Maritime Organization Diplomatic Conference agreed upon a new Protocol to the Athens Convention on November 1, 2002. The 2002 Protocol, which is not yet in force, substantially increases the level of compulsory insurance, which must be maintained by passenger ship operators. No assurance can be given as to if or when the 2002 Protocol will come into force. If in force, no assurance can be given that affordable and secure insurance markets will be available to provide the level of coverage required under the 2002 Protocol.
13
Trademarks
We own a number of registered trademarks related to the Royal Caribbean International, Celebrity Cruises and Pullmantur Cruises brands. The registered trademarks include the name Royal Caribbean and its crown and anchor logo, the name Celebrity Cruises and its X logo, the names Pullmantur Cruises and Pullmantur and the names of various cruise ships. We believe such trademarks are widely recognized throughout the world and have considerable value.
Regulation
Our ships are regulated by various international, national, state and local laws, regulations and treaties in force in the jurisdictions in which they operate. In addition, our ships are registered in the Bahamas, Malta or in the case of Celebrity Xpedition, Ecuador. Each ship is subject to regulations issued by its country of registry, including regulations issued pursuant to international treaties governing the safety of the ship and its passengers. Each country of registry conducts periodic inspections to verify compliance with these regulations. Ships operating out of United States ports are subject to inspection by the United States Coast Guard for compliance with international treaties and by the United States Public Health Service for sanitary conditions. Our ships are also subject to similar inspections pursuant to the laws and regulations of various other countries our ships visit.
Our ships are required to comply with international safety standards defined in the Safety of Life at Sea Convention. The Safety of Life at Sea Convention standards are revised from time to time and the most recent modifications are being phased in through 2010. We do not anticipate that we will be required to make any material expenditures in order to comply with these rules.
We are required to obtain certificates from the United States Federal Maritime Commission relating to our ability to satisfy liability in cases of non-performance of obligations to passengers, as well as casualty and personal injury. Pursuant to the United States Federal Maritime Commission regulations, we arrange through our insurers for the provision of guarantees aggregating $45.0 million for our ship-operating companies as a condition to obtaining the required certificates. The United States Federal Maritime Commission has proposed various revisions to the financial responsibility regulations, which could require us to significantly increase the amount of our bonds and accordingly increase our costs of compliance.
We are also required by the United Kingdom and other jurisdictions to establish our financial responsibility for any liability resulting from the non-performance of our obligations to passengers from these jurisdictions. In the United Kingdom, we are currently required by the United Kingdom Passenger Shipping Association and United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority to provide performance bonds totaling approximately £44.3 million.
We are subject to various United States and international laws and regulations relating to environmental protection. Under such laws and regulations, we are prohibited from, among other things, discharging certain materials, such as petrochemicals and plastics, into the waterways. We have made, and will continue to make, capital and other expenditures to comply with environmental laws and regulations. From time to time, environmental and other regulators consider more stringent regulations, which may affect our operations and increase our compliance costs. We believe that the impact of cruise ships on the global environment will continue to be an area of focus by the relevant authorities throughout the world and, accordingly, this will likely subject us to increasing compliance costs in the future.
We are required to obtain certificates from the United States Coast Guard relating to our ability to satisfy liability in cases of water pollution. Pursuant to United States Coast Guard regulations, we arrange through our insurers for the provision of guarantees aggregating $318.0 million as a condition to obtaining the required certificates.
We believe that we are in material compliance with all the regulations applicable to our ships and that we have all licenses necessary to conduct our business. Health, safety, security and financial responsibility issues are, and we believe will continue to be, an area of focus by the relevant government authorities in the United States and internationally. From time to time, various regulatory and legislative changes may be proposed that could impact our operations and would likely subject us to increasing compliance costs in the future.
14
Taxation of the Company
United States Federal Income Tax
The following discussion of the application of the United States federal income tax laws to us and our subsidiaries is based on the current provisions of the United States Internal Revenue Code, Treasury Department regulations, administrative rulings, and court decisions. All of the foregoing is subject to change, and any such change could affect the accuracy of this discussion.
Application of Section 883 of the Internal Revenue Code
We and our subsidiary, Celebrity Cruises Inc., the operator of Celebrity Cruises, are foreign corporations engaged in a trade or business in the United States, and our ship-owning subsidiaries are foreign corporations that, in many cases, depending upon the itineraries of their ships, receive income from sources within the United States. Under Section 883 of the Internal Revenue Code, certain foreign corporations are not subject to United States income or branch profits tax on United States source income derived from or incidental to the international operation of a ship or ships, including income from the leasing of such ships.
A foreign corporation will qualify for the benefits of Section 883 if, in relevant part: (1) the foreign country in which the foreign corporation is organized grants an equivalent exemption to corporations organized in the United States; and (2)(A) more than 50% of the value of the corporations capital stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by individuals who are residents of a foreign country that grants such an equivalent exemption to corporations organized in the United States, or (B) the stock of the corporation (or the direct or indirect corporate parent thereof) is primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market in the United States or another qualifying country such as Norway. In the opinion of our United States tax counsel, Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP, based on the representations and assumptions set forth in that opinion, we, Celebrity Cruises Inc. and our ship-owning subsidiaries qualify for the benefits of Section 883 because we and each of those subsidiaries are incorporated in Liberia or Malta, which are qualifying countries, and our common stock is primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market in the United States or Norway.
We believe that most of our income and the income of our ship-owning subsidiaries is derived from or incidental to the international operation of a ship or ships and, therefore, is exempt from taxation under Section 883. In 2005, final regulations became effective under Section 883, which, among other things, narrow somewhat the scope of activities that are considered by the Internal Revenue Service to be incidental to the international operation of ships. The activities listed in the regulations as not being incidental to the international operation of ships include income from the sale of air and land transportation, shore excursions and pre and post cruise tours. To the extent the income from these activities is earned from sources within the United States, that income will be subject to United States taxation; but the determination of the precise amount of such United States source income involves some uncertainties. The tax impact of these new regulations reduced our net income for the year ended December 31, 2006 by approximately $6.3 million, and we anticipate tax impacts in subsequent years on an ongoing basis.
Under certain circumstances, changes in the identity, residence or holdings of our direct or indirect shareholders could cause our common stock not to be regularly traded on an established securities market within the meaning of the regulations under Section 883. To substantially reduce any such risk, in May 2000, our Articles of Incorporation were amended to prohibit any person, other than our two existing largest shareholders, from owning, directly or constructively as determined for purposes of Section 883(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations promulgated under it, more than 4.9% of the relevant class or classes of our shares. Under Liberian law, this amendment may not be enforceable with respect to shares of common stock that were voted against the amendment or that were recorded as abstaining from the vote.
Also, it should be noted that Section 883 has been the subject of legislative modifications in past years that have had the effect of limiting its availability to certain taxpayers, and there can be no assurance that future legislation will not preclude us from obtaining the benefits of Section 883. At this time, however, there is no known limiting legislation pending before the United States Congress.
15
Taxation in the Absence of an Exemption under Section 883 of the Internal Revenue Code
If we, Celebrity Cruises Inc., or our ship-owning subsidiaries were to fail to meet the requirements of Section 883 of the Internal Revenue Code, or if the provision was repealed, then, as explained below, such companies would be subject to United States income taxation on a portion of their income derived from or incidental to the international operation of our ships.
Because we and Celebrity Cruises Inc. conduct a trade or business in the United States, we and Celebrity Cruises Inc. would be taxable at regular corporate rates on our separate company taxable income (i.e., without regard to the income of our ship-owning subsidiaries), from United States sources, which includes 100% of income, if any, from transportation that begins and ends in the United States (not including possessions of the United States), 50% of income from transportation that either begins or ends in the United States, and no income from transportation that neither begins nor ends in the United States. The legislative history of the transportation income source rules suggests that a cruise that begins and ends in a United States port, but that calls on more than one foreign port, will derive United States source income only from the first and last legs of such cruise. This conclusion is not free from doubt, however, because there are no regulations or other Internal Revenue Service interpretations of the above rules. In addition, if any of our earnings and profits effectively connected with our United States trade or business were withdrawn, or were deemed to have been withdrawn, from our United States trade or business, those withdrawn amounts would be subject to a branch profits tax at the rate of 30%. The amount of such earnings and profits would be equal to the aforesaid United States source income, with certain generally minor adjustments, less income taxes. We and Celebrity Cruises Inc. would also be potentially subject to tax on portions of certain interest paid by us at rates of up to 30%.
If Section 883 were not available to our ship-owning subsidiaries, each such subsidiary would be subject to a special 4% tax on its United States source gross transportation income, if any, each year because it does not have a fixed place of business in the United States and its income is derived from the leasing of a ship. Such United States source gross transportation income may be determined under any reasonable method, including ratios of days traveling directly to or from United States ports to total days traveling, or of the lessees United States source gross income from the ship (as determined under the source rules discussed in the preceding paragraph, and subject to the assumptions and qualifications set forth therein) to the lessees total gross income from the ship.
Maltese Income Tax
The Pullmantur ship-owning subsidiaries qualify as licensed shipping organizations in Malta. No Maltese income tax is charged on the income derived from shipping activities of a licensed shipping organization. Instead, a licensed shipping organization is liable to pay a tonnage tax based on the net tonnage of the ship or ships registered under the relevant provisions of the Merchant Shipping Act. A company qualifies as a shipping organization if it engages in qualifying activities and it obtains a license from the Registrar-General to enable it to carry on such activities. Qualifying activities include, but are not limited to, the ownership, operation (under charter or otherwise), administration and management of a ship or ships registered as a Maltese ship in terms of the Merchant Shipping Act and the carrying on of all ancillary financial, security and commercial activities in connection therewith.
Our Maltese operations that do not qualify as licensed shipping organizations, which are not considered significant, remain subject to normal Maltese corporate income tax.
United Kingdom Income Tax
The Brilliance of the Seas is operated by a company that is strategically and commercially managed in the United Kingdom, which has elected to be subject to the United Kingdom tonnage tax regime (U.K. tonnage tax). Companies subject to U.K. tonnage tax pay a corporate tax on a notional profit determined with reference to the net tonnage of qualifying vessels. Normal United Kingdom corporate income tax is not chargeable on the relevant shipping profits of a qualifying U.K. tonnage tax company. The requirements for a company to qualify for the U.K. tonnage tax regime include being subject to United Kingdom corporate income tax, operating qualifying ships, which are strategically and commercially managed in the United Kingdom, and fulfilling a seafarer training requirement.
16
Relevant shipping profits include income from the operation of qualifying ships and from shipping related activities. Our United Kingdom income from non-shipping activities which do not qualify under the U.K. tonnage tax regime and which are not considered significant, remain subject to United Kingdom corporate income tax.
Website Access to Reports
We make available, free of charge, access to our Annual Reports, all quarterly and current reports and all amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission through our website at www.rclinvestor.com. The information contained on our website is not a part of any of these reports and is not incorporated by reference herein.
Executive Officers of the Company
Pursuant to Instruction 3 to Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K, the information regarding our executive officers is hereby included in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our executive officers are:
Name |
Age |
Position |
Richard D. Fain |
59 |
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
Adam M. Goldstein |
47 |
President, Royal Caribbean International |
Daniel J.Hanrahan |
49 |
President, Celebrity Cruises |
Brian J. Rice |
48 |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Harri U. Kulovaara |
54 |
Executive Vice President Maritime |
Richard D. Fain has served as a director since 1979 and as our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since 1988. Mr. Fain is Chairman of the Cruise Line International Association, an industry trade organization consisting of 16,000 travel agencies and 21 cruise lines. Mr. Fain has been involved in the shipping industry for over 25 years.
Adam M. Goldstein has served as President of Royal Caribbean International since February 2005. As President, Mr. Goldstein oversees fleet operations, sales, marketing and brand development for the Royal Caribbean International brand. Mr. Goldstein is also responsible for international sales and marketing in Europe and Asia, continuous improvement, government relations, supply chain management and our tour company, Royal Celebrity Tours. Mr. Goldstein has been employed with Royal Caribbean since 1988 in a variety of positions, including Executive Vice President, Brand Operations, Senior Vice President, Total Guest Satisfaction and Senior Vice President, Marketing. Mr. Goldstein served as National Chair of the Travel Industry Association of America in 2001.
Daniel J. Hanrahan has served as President of Celebrity Cruises since February 2005 and, in such capacity, is responsible for the brands fleet operations, sales and marketing and brand development, as well as corporate communications, human resources and sales and marketing for the Latin America and Caribbean regions. From 1999 through February 2005, Mr. Hanrahan served as Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing, for the Royal Caribbean International brand where he oversaw the brands marketing and sales operations. Mr. Hanrahan is currently Chairman of the Marketing Committee for the Cruise Line International Association and a member of its executive committee. Mr. Hanrahan has been employed by the company since 1999.
Brian J. Rice has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since November 2006. Mr. Rice has been employed with Royal Caribbean since 1989 in a variety of positions including Executive Vice President, Revenue Performance. In such capacity, Mr. Rice was responsible for revenue performance, air/sea, groups, international operations, decision support, reservations and customer service for both Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises. In addition to serving as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Rice will continue to oversee revenue performance.
17
Harri U. Kulovaara has served as Executive Vice President, Maritime, since January 2005. Mr. Kulovaara is responsible for fleet design and newbuild operations for Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises. Mr. Kulovaara also oversees our safety and environment department and chairs our Maritime Safety Advisory Board. Mr. Kulovaara has been employed with Royal Caribbean since 1995 in a variety of positions, including Senior Vice President, Marine Operations, and Senior Vice President, Quality Assurance. Mr. Kulovaara is a naval architect and engineer.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The risk factors set forth below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are important factors, among others, that could cause actual results to differ from expected or historical results. It is not possible to predict or identify all such factors. Consequently, this list should not be considered a complete statement of all potential risks or uncertainties. (See Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a note regarding forward-looking statements.)
We may lose business to competitors throughout the vacation market.
We operate in the vacation market and cruising is one of many alternatives for people choosing a vacation. We therefore risk losing business not only to other cruise lines, but also to other vacation operators, which provide other leisure options including hotels, resorts and package holidays and tours.
We face significant competition from other cruise lines, both on the basis of cruise pricing and also in terms of the nature of ships and services we offer to cruise passengers. Our principal competitors within the cruise vacation industry include Carnival Corporation & plc, which owns, among others, Carnival Cruise Lines, Princess Cruises, Holland America Line, Costa Cruises, P&O Cruises, and Cunard Line; Star Cruises, which owns, among others, Star Cruises and Norwegian Cruise Line; Mediterranean Shipping Company, which owns MSC Cruises; and Disney Cruise Line.
In the event that we do not compete effectively with other vacation alternatives and cruise companies, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Overcapacity within the cruise vacation industry, a reduction in demand or geo-political and economic uncertainties could have a negative impact on revenues, result in impairment of assets and may adversely affect profitability.
Cruising capacity has grown in recent years and we expect it to increase further as the major cruise vacation companies introduce new ships. Demand for cruises has been and is expected to continue to be dependent on the strength of the economies in the countries in which we market our products, the publics attitude towards the safety of travel and the geo-political climate. Economic or political changes may reduce demand for cruise vacations and may lead to reduced occupancy and/or price discounting which, in turn, could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition and could result in impairment of our asset values.
Fears of terrorist attacks, war and other hostilities and the spread of contagious diseases could have a negative impact on our profitability.
Events such as terrorist attacks, war and other hostilities, the spread of contagious diseases and the resulting political instability, travel restrictions and concerns over safety, health and security aspects of traveling have had, and could have in the future, a significant adverse impact on demand and pricing in the travel and vacation industry. These events could also impact our ability to source qualified crew from throughout the world at competitive costs and, therefore, increase our shipboard employee costs.
Incidents or adverse publicity concerning the cruise vacation industry or unusual weather conditions could affect our reputation and harm our future sales and profitability.
The operation of cruise ships involves the risk of accidents, illnesses and other incidents which may bring into question passenger safety, health, security and vacation satisfaction and thereby adversely affect future industry performance. Incidents involving cruise ships, adverse media publicity concerning the cruise vacation industry or unusual weather patterns or natural disasters, such as hurricanes and earthquakes, could impact demand and consequently have an adverse impact on our profitability.
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Environmental, health and safety, financial responsibility and other maritime regulations could affect operations and increase operating costs.
The United States and various state and foreign government or regulatory agencies have enacted or are considering new environmental regulations or policies that could adversely impact the cruise vacation industry. Some environmental groups have lobbied for more stringent regulation of cruise ships and have generated negative publicity about the cruise vacation industry and its environmental impact. In addition, we are subject to various international, national, state and local laws, regulations and treaties that govern, among other things, safety standards applicable to our ships, health and sanitary standards applicable to our passengers, security standards on board our ships and at the ship/port interface areas, and financial responsibilities to our passengers. These issues are, and we believe will continue to be, an area of focus by the relevant authorities throughout the world. This could result in the enactment of more stringent regulation of cruise ships that would subject us to increasing compliance costs in the future.
We may not be able to obtain financing on terms that are favorable or consistent with our expectations.
To fund our capital expenditures and scheduled debt payments, we rely on a combination of cash flows provided by operations, drawdowns under our available credit facility, the incurrence of additional indebtedness and the sales of equity or debt securities in private or public securities markets. Our credit ratings impact our ability to obtain financing in financial markets and the terms of the financing. Any lowering of our credit ratings may have adverse consequences on our ability to access the financial markets and/or on our cost of financings. In addition, interest rates and our ability to obtain financing are dependent on many economic and political factors beyond our control. Accordingly, we cannot be sure that our cash flows from operations and additional financings will be available in accordance with our expectations.
Conducting business internationally may result in increased costs and other risks.
We operate our business internationally and plan to continue to develop our international presence. Operating internationally exposes us to a number of risks. Examples include political risks and risk of increases in duties and taxes as well as changes in laws and policies affecting cruising, vacation or maritime businesses, or governing the operations of foreign-based companies. Additional risks include currency fluctuations, interest rate movements, imposition of trade barriers and restrictions on repatriation of earnings. If we are unable to address these risks adequately, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
We have ship construction contracts, which are denominated in euros. While we have entered into euro-denominated forward contracts to manage a portion of the currency risk associated with these ship construction contracts, we are exposed to fluctuations in the euro exchange rate for the portion of the ship construction contracts that has not been hedged. If the shipyard is unable to perform under the related ship construction contract, any foreign currency hedges that were entered into to manage the currency risk would need to be terminated. Termination of these contracts could result in a significant loss.
Ship construction delays or mechanical faults may result in cancellation of cruises and unscheduled drydocks and repairs.
We depend on shipyards to construct and deliver our cruise ships on a timely basis and in good working order. The sophisticated nature of building a ship involves risks. Delays or mechanical faults in ship construction have in the past and may in the future result in delays or cancellation of cruises or necessitate unscheduled drydocks and repairs of ships. Shipyard insolvency and other industrial actions could also delay or indefinitely postpone the timely delivery of new ships. We have experienced mechanical problems with the pod propulsion units on certain ships and there can be no assurance that we will not experience such problems in the future. These events together with any related adverse publicity could, to the extent they are not covered by contractual provisions or insurances, adversely affect our financial results.
Our operating costs and taxes could increase due to market forces and economic or political factors beyond our control.
Our operating costs, including fuel, food, payroll, insurance and security costs, are subject to increases due to market forces and economic or political instability or other factors beyond our control. Increases in these operating costs could adversely affect our profitability. In addition, United States state and local authorities as well as foreign authorities periodically consider increases in taxes. The implementation of these and other taxes could also cause an increase in our costs.
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Unavailability of ports of call may adversely affect our profits.
We believe that port destinations are a major reason why passengers choose to go on a particular cruise or on a cruise vacation. The availability of ports is affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited to, existing capacity constraints, security concerns, adverse weather conditions and natural disasters, financial limitations on port development, local governmental regulations and local community concerns about port development and other adverse impacts on their communities from additional tourists. Any limitations on the availability of our ports of call could adversely affect our profits.
A change in our tax status under the United States Internal Revenue Code may have adverse effects on our income.
We and a number of our subsidiaries are foreign corporations that derive income from a United States trade or business and/or from sources within the United States. Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP, our United States tax counsel, has delivered to us an opinion, based on certain representations and assumptions set forth in it, to the effect that this income, to the extent derived from or incidental to the international operation of a ship or ships, is exempt from United States income tax pursuant to Section 883 of the Internal Revenue Code. We believe that most of our income (including that of our subsidiaries) is derived from or incidental to the international operation of a ship or ships.
In 2005, final regulations under Section 883 became effective, which narrowed somewhat the scope of activities that are considered by the Internal Revenue Service to be incidental to the international operation of ships. To the extent the income from non-incidental activities is earned from sources within the United States, that income will be subject to United States taxation; but the determination of the precise amount of such Untied States source income involves some uncertainties. The tax impact of these new regulations reduced our net income for the year ended December 31, 2006 by approximately $6.3 million and we anticipate tax impacts in subsequent years on an ongoing basis.
It should also be noted that the provisions of Section 883 are subject to change at any time by legislation. Moreover, changes could occur in the future with respect to the identity, residence or holdings of our direct or indirect shareholders that could affect our eligibility for the Section 883 exemption. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will continue to be exempt from United States income tax on United States source shipping income in the future. If we were not entitled to the benefit of Section 883, we and our subsidiaries would be subject to United States taxation on a portion of the income derived from or incidental to the international operation of our ships, which would reduce our net income. See Taxation of the Company above for a discussion of such taxation in the absence of an exemption under Section 883.
Finally, changes in the income tax laws affecting our cruise business in Malta, the United Kingdom or elsewhere could result in higher income taxes being charged against our cruise operations, resulting in lower net income.
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We are controlled by principal shareholders that have the power to determine our policies, management and actions requiring shareholder approval.
As of February 7, 2007, A. Wilhelmsen AS., a Norwegian corporation indirectly owned by members of the Wilhelmsen family of Norway, owned approximately 20.2% of our common stock and Cruise Associates, a Bahamian general partnership indirectly owned by various trusts primarily for the benefit of certain members of the Pritzker family and various trusts primarily for the benefit of certain members of the Ofer family, owned approximately 15.7% of our common stock. A. Wilhelmsen AS. and Cruise Associates have the power to determine, among other things:
our policies and the policies of our subsidiaries,
the persons who will be our directors and officers, and
actions requiring shareholder approval.
A. Wilhelmsen AS. and Cruise Associates are parties to a shareholders agreement. The agreement provides that our board of directors will consist of the following persons:
four nominees of A. Wilhelmsen AS.,
four nominees of Cruise Associates and
our Chief Executive Officer.
During the term of the shareholders agreement, certain corporate actions require the approval of at least one director nominated by A. Wilhelmsen AS. and one director nominated by Cruise Associates. Our principal shareholders are not prohibited from engaging in a business that may compete with our business, subject to certain exceptions. If any person other than A. Wilhelmsen AS. and Cruise Associates, our two principal shareholders, acquires ownership of more than 30% of our common stock and our two principal shareholders, in the aggregate, own less of our common stock than such person and do not collectively have the right to elect, or to designate for election, at least a majority of the board of directors, we may be obligated to prepay indebtedness outstanding under the majority of our credit facilities, which we may be unable to replace on similar terms. If this were to occur, it could have an adverse impact on our liquidity and operations.
The holders of our common stock may experience a decrease in the value of their equity interest as a result of the sale of currently restricted shares of our common stock into the public market.
A substantial number of shares of our common stock were either issued by us in private transactions not involving a public offering or are held by our affiliates and, therefore the sale of these securities is subject to restrictions under the Securities Act of 1933 (Securities Act). These shares include the 20.2% shares of our common stock held by A. Wilhelmsen AS. and the 15.7% held by Cruise Associates. No predictions can be made as to the effect, if any, that market sales of such shares, or the availability of such shares for future market sales, will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the perceptions that such sales could occur, could materially adversely affect the prevailing market price for our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through an offering of equity securities. Each of A. Wilhelmsen AS. and Cruise Associates has the right, pursuant to a registration rights agreement, to require us, subject to certain qualifications, to effect the registration under the Securities Act of all or part of their shares of common stock which would allow these shares to be sold into the public market.
We are not a United States corporation and our shareholders may be subject to the uncertainties of a foreign legal system in protecting their interests.
Our corporate affairs are governed by our Restated Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws and by the Business Corporation Act of Liberia. The provisions of the Business Corporation Act of Liberia resemble provisions of the corporation laws of a number of states in the United States. However, while most states have a fairly well developed body
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of case law interpreting their respective corporate statutes, there are very few judicial cases in Liberia interpreting the Business Corporation Act of Liberia. For example, the rights and fiduciary responsibilities of directors under Liberian law are not as clearly established as the rights and fiduciary responsibilities of directors under statutes or judicial precedent in existence in certain United States jurisdictions. Thus, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests with respect to actions by management, directors or controlling shareholders than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a United States jurisdiction.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Properties
Information about our cruise ships, including their size and primary areas of operation, may be found within the Operating Strategies - Fleet Expansion section and the Operations - Cruise Ships and Itineraries section in Item 1. Business. Information regarding our cruise ships under construction, estimated expenditures and financing may be found within the Future Capital Commitments and Funding Sources sections of Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Our principal executive office and shoreside operations are located at the Port of Miami, Florida where we lease three office buildings totaling approximately 359,000 square feet from Miami-Dade County, Florida, under long-term leases with initial terms expiring in various years in and after 2011. We also lease offices in Addlestone, England, which are used primarily to administer our operations in Europe, and an office in Madrid, Spain to administer our Pullmantur operations.
We lease an office building in Springfield, Oregon totaling approximately 163,000 square feet, which is used as a call center for reservations. In addition, we lease an office building in Wichita, Kansas totaling approximately 95,000 square feet, which is used as a call center for reservations and customer service.
We lease an office building in Miramar, Florida totaling approximately 128,000 square feet, which is used primarily as additional office space.
Royal Caribbean International operates two private destinations: (i) an island we own in the Bahamas which we call Cococay; and (ii) Labadee, a secluded peninsula which we lease and is located on the north coast of Haiti.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
In April 2005, a purported class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court of the Southern District of Florida alleging that Celebrity Cruises improperly requires its cabin stewards to share guest gratuities with assistant cabin stewards. The suit sought payment of damages, including penalty wages under the U.S. Seamans Wage Act. In March 2006, the Southern District of Florida dismissed the suit and held that the case should be arbitrated pursuant to the arbitration provision in Celebritys collective bargaining agreement. In April 2006, the plaintiff appealed the order to the United States 11th Circuit Court of Appeals. We are not able at this time to estimate the impact of this proceeding on us. However, we believe that we have meritorious defenses and we intend to vigorously defend against this action.
In January 2006, a purported class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging that we infringed rights in copyrighted works and other intellectual property by presenting performances on our cruise ships without securing the necessary licenses. The suit seeks payment of damages, disgorgement of profits and a permanent injunction against future infringement. In April 2006, we filed a motion to sever and transfer the case to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida. The motion is pending. We are not able at this time to estimate the impact of this proceeding on us.
In July 2006, a purported class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Central District of California alleging that we failed to timely pay crew wages and failed to pay proper crew overtime.
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The suit seeks payment of damages, including penalty wages under the U.S. Seamans Wage Act and equitable relief damages under the California Unfair Competition Law. In December 2006, the District Court granted our motion to dismiss the claim and held that it should be arbitrated pursuant to the arbitration provision in Royal Caribbeans collective bargaining agreement. In January 2007, the plaintiffs appealed the order to the United States Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. We are not able at this time to estimate the impact of this proceeding on us. However, we believe that we have meritorious defenses and we intend to vigorously defend against this action.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
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PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Oslo Stock Exchange (OSE) under the symbol RCL. The table below sets forth the intra-day high and low prices of our common stock as reported by the NYSE and the OSE for the two most recent years by quarter:
|
NYSE Common Stock |
OSE Common Stock(1) | ||
|
High |
Low |
High |
Low |
|
||||
2006 Fourth Quarter |
$43.97 |
$38.06 |
282.00 |
243.00 |
Third Quarter |
39.28 |
32.47 |
260.00 |
203.50 |
Second Quarter |
43.86 |
35.00 |
280.00 |
213.00 |
First Quarter |
46.77 |
40.59 |
316.50 |
271.00 |
2005 Fourth Quarter |
$47.35 |
$38.59 |
319.94 |
251.52 |
Third Quarter |
49.47 |
41.56 |
327.03 |
258.96 |
Second Quarter |
49.00 |
40.72 |
320.70 |
257.03 |
First Quarter |
55.23 |
43.05 |
345.47 |
271.14 |
__________
|
(1) |
Denominated in Norwegian kroner. |
Holders
As of February 7, 2007 there were 1,058 record holders of our common stock. Since certain of our shares are held indirectly, the foregoing number is not representative of the number of beneficial owners.
Dividends
We declared cash dividends on our common stock of $0.15 per share in each of the quarters of 2006. Cash dividends of $0.13 per share on our common stock were declared in each of the first and second quarters of 2005 and $0.15 per share in each of the third and fourth quarters of 2005.
Holders of our common stock have an equal right to share in our profits in the form of dividends when declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for the distribution of dividends. Holders of our common stock have no rights to any sinking fund.
There are no exchange control restrictions on remittances of dividends on our common stock. Since (1) we are and intend to maintain our status as a nonresident Liberian entity under the Revenue Code of Liberia (2000) and the regulations thereunder, and (2) our ship-owning subsidiaries are not now engaged, and are not in the future expected to engage, in any business in Liberia, including voyages exclusively within the territorial waters of the Republic of Liberia, we have been advised by Watson, Farley & Williams (New York) LLP, our special Liberian counsel, that under current Liberian law, no Liberian taxes or withholding will be imposed on payments to holders of our securities other than to a holder that is a resident Liberian entity or a resident individual or an individual or entity subject to taxation in Liberia as a result of having a permanent establishment within the meaning of the Revenue Code of Liberia (2000) in Liberia.
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The declaration of dividends shall at all times be subject to the final determination of our board of directors that a dividend is prudent at that time in consideration of the needs of the business. The shareholders agreement provides that A. Wilhelmsen AS. and Cruise Associates will from time to time consider our dividend policy with due regard for the interests of the shareholders in maximizing the return on their investment and our ability to pay such dividends. The shareholders agreement also provides that payment of dividends will depend, among other factors, upon our earnings, financial condition and capital requirements and the income and other tax liabilities of A. Wilhelmsen AS., Cruise Associates and their respective affiliates relating to their ownership of common stock.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
None.
Performance Graph
The following graph compares the performance of the Companys common stock with the performance of the Standard & Poors 500 Composite Stock Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Travel and Leisure Index for a five year period by measuring the changes in common stock prices from December 31, 2001 to December 31, 2006.
The stock performance graph assumes for comparison that the value of the Companys Common Stock and of each index was $100 on December 31, 2001 and that all dividends were reinvested. Past performance is not necessarily an indicator of future results.
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The selected consolidated financial data presented below for the years 2002 through 2006 and as of the end of each such year, are derived from our audited financial statements and should be read in conjunction with those financial statements and the related notes.
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||||
|
| ||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||
Operating Data: |
|
|
|||
Total revenues |
$5,229,584 |
$4,903,174 |
$4,555,375 |
$3,784,249 |
$3,434,347 |
Operating income |
858,446 |
871,565 |
753,589 |
526,185 |
550,975 |
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
633,922 |
663,465 |
474,691 |
280,664 |
351,284 |
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle1 |
- |
52,491 |
- |
- |
- |
Net income |
633,922 |
715,956 |
474,691 |
280,664 |
351,284 |
Per Share Data Basic: |
|
||||
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
$3.01 |
$3.22 |
$2.39 |
$1.45 |
$1.82 |
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle1 |
$ - |
$0.25 |
$ - |
$ - |
$ - |
Net income |
$3.01 |
$3.47 |
$2.39 |
$1.45 |
$1.82 |
Weighted-average shares |
210,703 |
206,217 |
198,946 |
194,074 |
192,485 |
Per Share Data Diluted: |
|
||||
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
$2.94 |
$3.03 |
$2.26 |
$1.42 |
$1.76 |
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle1 |
$ - |
$0.22 |
$ - |
$ - |
$ - |
Net income |
$2.94 |
$3.26 |
$2.26 |
$1.42 |
$1.76 |
Weighted-average shares and potentially dilutive shares |
221,485 |
234,714 |
234,580 |
211,175 |
209,565 |
Dividends declared per common share |
$0.60 |
$0.56 |
$0.52 |
$0.52 |
$0.52 |
Balance Sheet Data: |
|
||||
Total assets |
$13,393,088 |
$11,255,771 |
$11,964,084 |
$11,322,742 |
$10,538,531 |
Total debt, including capital leases |
5,413,744 |
4,154,775 |
5,731,944 |
5,835,804 |
5,444,838 |
Common stock |
2,225 |
2,165 |
2,012 |
1,961 |
1,930 |
Total shareholders equity |
6,091,575 |
5,554,465 |
4,804,520 |
4,262,897 |
4,034,694 |
1 In the third quarter of 2005, we changed our method of accounting for drydocking costs from the accrual in advance to the deferral method (see Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.)
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Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Certain statements under this caption Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere in this document constitute forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as expect, anticipate, goal, project, plan, believe, seek and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements do not guarantee future performance and may involve risks, uncertainties and other factors, which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from the future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied in those forward-looking statements. Examples of these risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to those discussed under Item 1A. Risk Factors as well as the following:
general economic and business conditions,
vacation industry competition and changes in industry capacity and overcapacity,
the impact of tax laws and regulations affecting our business or our principal shareholders,
the impact of changes in other laws and regulations affecting our business,
the impact of pending or threatened litigation,
the delivery of scheduled new ships,
emergency ship repairs,
negative incidents involving cruise ships including those involving the health and safety of passengers,
reduced consumer demand for cruises as a result of any number of reasons, including geo-political and economic uncertainties and the unavailability of air service,
fears of terrorist attacks, armed conflict and the resulting concerns over safety and security aspects of traveling,
the impact of the spread of contagious diseases,
the availability under our unsecured revolving credit facility, cash flows from operations and our ability to obtain new borrowings and raise new capital on terms that are favorable or consistent with our expectations to fund operations, debt payment requirements, capital expenditures and other commitments,
changes in our stock price or principal shareholders,
the impact of changes in operating and financing costs, including changes in foreign currency, interest rates, fuel, food, payroll, insurance and security costs,
weather.
The above examples are not exhaustive and new risks emerge from time to time. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
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Critical Accounting Policies
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. (See Note 1. General and Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.) Certain of our accounting policies are deemed critical, as they require managements highest degree of judgment, estimates and assumptions. We have discussed these accounting policies and estimates with the audit committee of our board of directors. We believe our most critical accounting policies are as follows:
Ship Accounting
Our ships represent our most significant assets and are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation or amortization. Depreciation of ships is generally computed net of a 15% projected residual value using the straight-line method over estimated service lives of primarily 30 years. Improvement costs that we believe add value to our ships are capitalized as additions to the ship and depreciated over the improvements estimated useful lives. The estimated cost and accumulated depreciation of refurbished or replaced ship components are written off and any resulting losses are recognized in cruise operating expenses. Repairs and maintenance activities are charged to expense as incurred. We use the deferral method to account for drydocking costs. Under the deferral method, drydocking costs incurred are deferred and charged to expense on a straight-line basis over the period to the next scheduled drydock. (See Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).
Our service life and residual value estimates take into consideration the impact of anticipated technological changes, long-term cruise and vacation market conditions and historical useful lives of similarly-built ships. In addition, we take into consideration our estimates of the average useful lives of the ships major component systems, such as hull, superstructure, main electric, engines and cabins. Given the very large and complex nature of our ships, our accounting estimates related to ships and determinations of ship improvement costs to be capitalized require considerable judgment and are inherently uncertain. We do not have cost segregation studies performed to specifically componentize our ship systems; therefore, we estimate the costs of component systems based principally on general and technical information known about major ship component systems and their lives and our knowledge of the cruise vacation industry. We do not identify and track depreciation by ship component systems, but instead utilize these estimates to determine the net cost basis of assets replaced or refurbished.
We believe we have made reasonable estimates for ship accounting purposes. However, should certain factors or circumstances cause us to revise our estimates of ship service lives or projected residual values, depreciation expense could be materially higher or lower. If circumstances cause us to change our assumptions in making determinations as to whether ship improvements should be capitalized, the amounts we expense each year as repairs and maintenance costs could increase, partially offset by a decrease in depreciation expense. If we had reduced our estimated average 30-year ship service life by one year, depreciation expense for 2006 would have increased by approximately $27.4 million. If our ships were estimated to have no residual value, depreciation expense for 2006 would have increased by approximately $93.9 million.
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets and Goodwill
We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be fully recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of our asset based on our estimate of its undiscounted future cash flows. If these estimated future cash flows were less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment charge would be recognized for the difference between the assets estimated fair value and its carrying value.
The determination of fair value is based on quoted market prices in active markets, if available. Such markets are often not available for used cruise ships. Accordingly, we also base fair value on independent appraisals, sales price negotiations and projected future cash flows discounted at a rate determined by management to be commensurate with our business risk. The estimation of fair value utilizing discounted forecasted cash flows includes numerous uncertainties which require our significant judgment when making assumptions of revenues, operating costs, marketing, selling and administrative expenses, interest rates, ship additions and retirements, cruise vacation industry competition and general economic and business conditions, among other factors.
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Goodwill and other intangible assets are reviewed annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the intangible asset may not be fully recoverable. The impairment review consists of comparing the fair value of our reporting units with their carrying value including the intangible asset. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, it may be an indication of possible impairment of assets. In this case we would compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value of the intangible asset. If the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, an impairment charge would be recognized for the difference between the carrying value of the intangible asset and the fair value of the reporting unit. We use a present value of future cash flows approach to determine the fair value of our reporting units.
We believe we have made reasonable estimates and judgments in determining whether our long-lived assets and intangible assets have been impaired; however, if there is a material change in the assumptions used in our determination of fair values or if there is a material change in the conditions or circumstances influencing fair value, we could be required to recognize a material impairment charge.
Contingencies Litigation
On an ongoing basis, we assess the potential liabilities related to any lawsuits or claims brought against us. While it is typically very difficult to determine the timing and ultimate outcome of such actions, we use our best judgment to determine if it is probable that we will incur an expense related to the settlement or final adjudication of such matters and whether a reasonable estimation of such probable loss, if any, can be made. In assessing probable losses, we take into consideration estimates of the amount of insurance recoveries, if any. We accrue a liability when we believe a loss is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Due to the inherent uncertainties related to the eventual outcome of litigation and potential insurance recoveries, it is possible that certain matters may be resolved for amounts materially different from any provisions or disclosures that we have previously made.
Terminology and Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Available Passenger Cruise Days (APCD) are our measurement of capacity and represent double occupancy per cabin multiplied by the number of cruise days for the period.
Gross Cruise Costs represent the sum of total cruise operating expenses plus marketing, selling and administrative expenses.
Gross Yields represent total revenues per APCD.
Net Cruise Costs represent Gross Cruise Costs excluding commissions, transportation and other expenses and onboard and other expenses (each of which is described below under the Overview heading). In measuring our ability to control costs in a manner that positively impacts net income, we believe changes in Net Cruise Costs to be the most relevant indicator of our performance. A reconciliation of historical Gross Cruise Costs to Net Cruise Costs is provided below under Summary of Historical Results of Operations. We have not provided a quantitative reconciliation of projected Gross Cruise Costs to projected Net Cruise Costs due to the significant uncertainty in projecting the costs deducted to arrive at this measure. Accordingly, we do not believe that reconciling information for such projected figures would be meaningful.
Net Debt-to-Capital is a ratio which represents total long-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt, less cash and cash equivalents (Net Debt) divided by the sum of Net Debt and shareholders' equity ("Capital"). We believe Net Debt and Net Debt-to-Capital, along with total long-term debt and shareholders' equity are useful measures of our capital structure. A reconciliation of historical Debt-to-Capital to Net Debt-to-Capital is provided below under Summary of Historical Results of Operations.
Net Yields represent Gross Yields less commissions, transportation and other expenses and onboard and other expenses (each of which is described below under the Overview heading) per APCD. We utilize Net Yields to manage
29
our business on a day-to-day basis and believe that it is the most relevant measure of our pricing performance because it reflects the cruise revenues earned by us net of our most significant variable costs. A reconciliation of historical Gross Yields to Net Yields is provided below under Summary of Historical Results of Operations. We have not provided a quantitative reconciliation of projected Gross Yields to projected Net Yields due to the significant uncertainty in projecting the costs deducted to arrive at this measure. Accordingly, we do not believe that reconciling information for such projected figures would be meaningful.
Occupancy, in accordance with cruise vacation industry practice, is calculated by dividing Passenger Cruise Days by APCD. A percentage in excess of 100% indicates that three or more passengers occupied some cabins.
Passenger Cruise Days represent the number of passengers carried for the period multiplied by the number of days of their respective cruises.
Overview
Our revenues consist of the following items:
Passenger ticket revenues consist of revenue recognized from the sale of passenger tickets and the sale of air transportation to our ships.
Onboard and other revenues consist primarily of revenues from the sale of goods and/or services onboard our ships not included in passenger ticket prices, cancellation fees, sales of vacation protection insurance and pre and post cruise hotel and air packages. Also included are revenues we receive from independent third party concessionaires that pay us a percentage of their revenues in exchange for the right to provide selected goods and/or services onboard our ships.
Our cruise operating expenses consist of the following items:
Commissions, transportation and other expenses consist of those costs directly associated with passenger ticket revenues, including travel agent commissions, air and other transportation expenses, port costs that vary with passenger head counts and related credit card fees.
Onboard and other expenses consist of the direct costs associated with onboard and other revenues. These costs include the cost of products sold onboard our ships, vacation protection insurance premiums, costs associated with pre and post tours and related credit card fees. Concession revenues have minimal costs associated with them, as the costs related to these activities are incurred by the concessionaires.
Payroll and related expenses consist of costs for shipboard personnel.
Food expenses include food costs for both passengers and crew.
Fuel expenses include fuel costs, net of the financial impact of fuel swap agreements, and fuel delivery costs.
Other operating expenses consist of operating costs such as repairs and maintenance, port costs that do not vary with passenger head counts, insurance, entertainment and all other operating costs.
We do not allocate payroll and related costs, food costs, fuel costs or other operating costs to the expense categories attributable to passenger ticket revenues or onboard and other revenues since they are incurred to provide the total cruise vacation experience.
Summary of Historical Results of Operations
We achieved a 3.4% increase in Net Yields in 2006 as compared to 2005, marking the third consecutive year of positive yield growth. This increase is primarily due to a favorable pricing environment driven by a positive demand for our products. In contrast, increases in fuel costs represented a challenge for us again in 2006. Although price and consumption related initiatives partially mitigated the increase in fuel costs, fuel expenses on an APCD basis increased 26.7% in 2006 as compared to 2005. As a result, income before the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle in 2006 decreased to $633.9 million or $2.94 per share on a fully diluted basis compared to $663.5 million or $3.03 per share on a fully diluted basis in 2005.
30
Highlights for 2006 included:
|
Total revenues increased 6.7% to $5.2 billion from total revenues of $4.9 billion in 2005 primarily due to a 3.5% increase in Gross Yields and a 3.0% increase in capacity. |
|
Net Cruise Costs per APCD increased 6.4% compared to 2005 primarily as a result of increases in the cost of fuel and marketing, selling and administrative expenses during the year. |
|
Our Net Debt-to-Capital ratio increased to 46.6% in 2006 from 42.0% in 2005 primarily due to the financing of our acquisition of Pullmantur. Similarly, our Debt-to-Capital ratio increased to 47.1% in 2006 from 42.8% in 2005. |
|
We took delivery of Freedom of the Seas, Royal Caribbean Internationals first Freedom-class ship, which was financed with a $570.0 million unsecured term loan. |
|
We placed three additional ship orders, one for Royal Caribbean International and two for Celebrity Cruises bringing our total number of ships on order to six for an additional capacity of approximately 21,150 berths. |
|
We acquired Pullmantur in November 2006. For reporting purposes, however, we will be including Pullmanturs results of operations on a two-month lag beginning with the first quarter of 2007. We have included Pullmanturs balance sheet in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2006. |
|
We called for redemption all of our outstanding zero coupon convertible notes due May 18, 2021. Most note holders elected to convert their notes into shares of our common stock rather than redeem them for cash, resulting in the issuance of approximately 4.1 million shares of our common stock through the end of the redemption period. |
|
Under a forward sale agreement relating to an Accelerated Share Repurchase (ASR) transaction, we purchased 4.6 million shares of our common stock at a price of $35.99 per share. The ASR transaction was initiated to offset the dilution from the call for redemption and conversion of our zero coupon convertible notes into common shares. |
|
We paid $530.6 million to redeem in full the accreted balance of our outstanding Liquid Yield Option Notes (LYONs) due February 2, 2021. |
|
We issued at a discount, $900.0 million of senior unsecured notes to fund the redemption of our LYONs and the ASR transaction. |
|
We recorded a net gain of $36.0 million resulting from the partial settlement of a pending lawsuit against Rolls Royce and Alstom Power Conversion for recurring pod failures on Millennium-class ships. |
Total revenues for 2005 increased 7.6% to $4.9 billion from total revenues of $4.6 billion in 2004. The increase in total revenues was primarily as a result of increases in ticket prices. During 2005, Net Yields increased 7.4% and Net Cruise Costs per APCD increased 6.3% compared to 2004. Gross Cruise Costs increased 6.5% in 2005 compared to 2004 primarily as a result of increases in fuel expenses.
Our revenues are seasonal based on demand for cruises. Demand is strongest for cruises during the summer months and holidays.
31
We reported historical total revenues, operating income, income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net income and earnings per share as shown in the following table (in thousands, except per share data):
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||
|
| ||
|
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
$5,229,584 |
$4,903,174 |
$4,555,375 |
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
$858,446 |
$871,565 |
$753,589 |
|
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
$633,922 |
$663,465 |
$474,691 |
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle 1 |
- |
52,491 |
- |
|
|
|
|
Net income |
$633,922 |
$715,956 |
$474,691 |
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings per share: |
|||
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
$ 3.01 |
$ 3.22 |
$ 2.39 |
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle 1 |
$ - |
$ 0.25 |
$ - |
Net income |
$ 3.01 |
$ 3.47 |
$ 2.39 |
Diluted earnings per share: |
|
|
|
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
$ 2.94 |
$ 3.03 |
$ 2.26 |
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle 1 |
$ - |
$ 0.22 |
$ - |
Net income |
$ 2.94 |
$ 3.26 |
$ 2.26 |
1 In the third quarter of 2005, we changed our method of accounting for drydocking costs from the accrual in advance to the deferral method (see Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.)
32
The following table presents historical operating data as a percentage of total revenues for the last three years:
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||
|
| ||
|
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
|
|
| |
|
|||
Passenger ticket revenues |
73.4 |
73.6 |
73.7 |
Onboard and other revenues |
26.6 |
26.4 |
26.3 |
|
|
| |
Total revenues |
100.0% |
100.0% |
100.0% |
|
|||
Cruise operating expenses |
|
|
|
Commissions, transportation and other |
17.6 |
17.5 |
18.1 |
Onboard and other |
6.3 |
6.3 |
6.6 |
Payroll and related |
9.6 |
10.4 |
10.7 |
Food |
5.3 |
5.5 |
5.9 |
Fuel |
9.2 |
7.5 |
5.5 |
Other operating |
14.1 |
13.8 |
15.1 |
|
|
| |
Total cruise operating expenses |
62.1 |
61.0 |
61.9 |
Marketing, selling and administrative expenses |
13.4 |
13.0 |
12.9 |
Depreciation and amortization expenses |
8.1 |
8.2 |
8.7 |
|
|
| |
Operating income |
16.4 |
17.8 |
16.5 |
Other income (expense) |
(4.3) |
(4.3) |
(6.1) |
|
|
| |
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
12.1 |
13.5 |
- |
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
- |
1.1 |
- |
|
|
| |
Net income |
12.1% |
14.6% |
10.4% |
|
|
|
Unaudited selected historical statistical information is shown in the following table (amounts exclude Pullmantur):
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||
|
|
| ||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
| ||
Passengers Carried |
3,600,807 |
3,476,287 |
3,405,227 |
| ||
Passenger Cruise Days |
23,849,606 |
23,178,560 |
22,661,965 |
| ||
APCD |
22,392,478 |
21,733,724 |
21,439,288 |
| ||
Occupancy |
106.5% |
106.6% |
105.7% | |||
33
Gross Yields and Net Yields were calculated as follows (in thousands, except APCD and Yields):
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||||
|
| ||||
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Passenger ticket revenues |
$3,838,648 |
|
$3,609,487 |
|
$3,359,201 |
Onboard and other revenues |
1,390,936 |
|
1,293,687 |
|
1,196,174 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
5,229,584 |
|
4,903,174 |
|
4,555,375 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less: |
|
||||
Commissions, transportation and other |
917,929 |
|
858,606 |
|
822,206 |
Onboard and other |
331,218 |
|
308,611 |
|
300,717 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
$3,980,437 |
|
$3,735,957 |
|
$3,432,452 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
APCD |
22,392,478 |
|
21,733,724 |
|
21,439,288 |
Gross Yields |
$233.54 |
|
$225.60 |
|
$212.48 |
Net Yields |
$177.76 |
|
$171.90 |
|
$160.10 |
Gross Cruise Costs and Net Cruise Costs were calculated as follows (in thousands, except APCD and costs per APCD):
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||||
|
| ||||
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cruise operating expenses |
$3,249,629 |
|
$2,994,232 |
|
$2,819,383 |
Marketing, selling and administrative expenses |
699,864 |
|
635,308 |
|
588,267 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Cruise Costs |
3,949,493 |
|
3,629,540 |
|
3,407,650 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less: |
|
||||
Commissions, transportation and other |
917,929 |
|
858,606 |
|
822,206 |
Onboard and other |
331,218 |
|
308,611 |
|
300,717 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Cruise Costs |
$2,700,346 |
|
$2,462,323 |
|
$2,284,727 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
APCD |
22,392,478 |
|
21,733,724 |
|
21,439,288 |
Gross Cruise Costs per APCD |
$176.38 |
|
$167.00 |
|
$158.94 |
Net Cruise Costs per APCD |
$120.59 |
|
$113.30 |
|
$106.57 |
Net Debt-to-Capital was calculated as follows (in thousands):
|
|
As of | |
|
|
December 31, | |
|
2006 |
2005 | |
Long-term debt, net of current portion |
$5,040,322 |
$3,553,892 | |
Current portion of long-term debt |
373,422 |
600,883 | |
Total debt |
5,413,744 |
4,154,775 | |
Less: Cash and cash equivalents |
104,520 |
125,385 | |
Net Debt |
$5,309,224 |
$4,029,390 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
Total shareholders' equity, Capital |
$6,091,575 |
$5,554,465 | |
Debt |
5,413,744 |
4,154,775 | |
Debt and Capital |
11,505,319 |
9,709,240 | |
Debt-to-Capital |
47.1% |
42.8% | |
Net Debt |
5,309,224 |
4,029,390 | |
Net Debt and Capital |
$11,400,799 |
$9,583,855 | |
|
|
| |
Net Debt-to-Capital |
46.6% |
42.0% | |
34
Outlook
Full Year 2007
On February 5, 2007, we announced that bookings continued to be solid, while pricing appeared to be leveling off from the appreciation experienced over the last few years. We expected Net Yields to increase in a range around 3% as compared to 2006. We expected Pullmanturs cruise brand to account for one percentage point of this change, and that its non-cruise operations would contribute an additional percentage point.
Net Cruise Costs per APCD were expected to increase in a range around 3% as compared to 2006. Pullmanturs cruise brand was expected to decrease Net Cruise Costs per APCD by approximately one percentage point. Pullmanturs non-cruise operations were expected to increase our costs approximately four percentage points as a result of not having the benefit of additional APCDs.
Our at-the-pump fuel price was $361 per metric ton. We are currently 45% hedged for 2007, and estimate that a 10% change in the market price of fuel would result in a $24 million change in fuel costs after taking into account existing hedges.
We expected a 12.2% increase in capacity driven by the acquisition of Pullmantur, the April delivery of Liberty of the Seas, and a full year of service from Freedom of the Seas.
Depreciation and amortization was expected to be in the range of $480.0 to $500.0 million and interest expense was expected to be in the range of $335.0 to $355.0 million in 2007.
Based on the expectations contained in this Outlook section, and assuming that fuel prices remain at the level mentioned herein, we expected full year 2007 earnings per share to be in the range of $3.05 to $3.20.
Our outlook has remained unchanged since our announcement on February 5, 2007.
First Quarter 2007
As announced on February 5, 2007, we expected Net Yields to decrease in a range around 3% in the first quarter of 2007 compared to the first quarter of 2006. We expected Pullmanturs cruise brand will account for two percentage points of the change and that its non-cruise operations will contribute an additional percentage point.
Net Cruise Costs per APCD was expected to increase in the range of 4% to 5% compared to the first quarter of 2006. We estimated that approximately half of this increase will be driven by Pullmanturs overall operations, with its cruise brand having a positive impact of approximately one percentage point.
Our at-the-pump fuel price was $361 per metric ton and has not changed significantly since our announcement. For the first quarter, our fuel expense is 60% hedged. We estimate that a 10% change in the market price of fuel would result in a $4.0 million impact on our first quarter results.
Based on the expectations contained in this Outlook section, and assuming that fuel prices remain at the level mentioned herein, we expected first quarter 2007 earnings per share to be in the range of $0.03 to $0.08.
Our outlook has remained unchanged since our announcement on February 5, 2007.
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
Revenues
Net Revenues increased 6.5% in 2006 compared to 2005 due to a 3.4% increase in Net Yields and a 3.0% increase in capacity. The increase in Net Yields was primarily due to higher cruise ticket prices, onboard spending and revenue associated with the charter of Horizon to Island Cruises, our joint venture with First Choice. Higher cruise ticket prices were primarily attributable to a strong demand environment. The increase in capacity was primarily attributed to the addition of Freedom of the Seas in 2006 and the lengthening of Enchantment of the Seas in 2005. This increase was partially offset by the charter of Horizon to Island Cruises. Occupancy in 2006 was 106.5% compared to 106.6% in 2005. Gross Yields increased 3.5% in 2006 compared to 2005 primarily due to the same reasons discussed above for Net Yields.
35
Onboard and other revenues included concession revenues of $234.5 million and $223.0 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The increase in concession revenues was primarily due to the increase in capacity mentioned above and higher amounts spent per passenger onboard.
Expenses
Net Cruise Costs increased 9.7% in 2006 compared to 2005 due to a 6.4% increase in Net Cruise Costs per APCD and the 3.0% increase in capacity mentioned above. Approximately 4.0 percentage points of the increase in Net Cruise Costs per APCD were attributed to increases in fuel expenses. Total fuel expenses (net of the financial impact of fuel swap agreements) increased 28.2% per metric ton in 2006 as compared to an increase of 46.0% per metric ton in 2005. As a percentage of total revenues, fuel expenses were 9.2% and 7.5% in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The remaining 2.4 percentage points of the increase in Net Cruise Costs per APCD were primarily attributed to increases in marketing, selling and administrative expenses associated with personnel costs. Gross Cruise Costs increased 8.8% in 2006 compared to 2005, which was a lower percentage increase than Net Cruise Costs primarily due to lower trip insurance expenses a result of lower trip insurance premiums and lower commission expenses as a result of an increase in direct business.
Depreciation and amortization expenses increased 4.9% in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase was primarily due to the addition of Freedom of the Seas, ship improvements and shore side additions.
Other Income (Expense)
Gross interest expense increased to $295.7 million in 2006 from $287.4 million in 2005. The increase was primarily attributable to higher interest rates, partially offset by lower average debt levels. Interest capitalized increased to $27.8 million in 2006 from $17.7 million in 2005 primarily due to a higher average level of investment in ships under construction.
During 2006, we partially settled a pending lawsuit against Rolls Royce and Alstom Power Conversion, co-producers of the mermaid pod-propulsion system on Millennium-class ships, for the recurring Mermaid pod failures. Under the terms of the partial settlement, we received $38.0 million from Alstom and released them from the suit, which remains pending against Rolls Royce. The $38.0 million settlement resulted in a gain of $36.0 million, net of reimbursements to insurance companies.
In July 2005, First Choice redeemed in full its 6.75% convertible preferred shares. We received $348.1 million in cash, resulting in a net gain of $44.2 million, primarily due to foreign exchange.
Dividend income decreased approximately $14.2 million for 2006 compared to 2005 due to the redemption of our First Choice investment in the third quarter of 2005.
Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle
In the third quarter of 2005, we changed our method of accounting for drydocking costs from the accrual in advance to the deferral method (see Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data). The change resulted in a one-time gain of $52.5 million, or $0.22 per share on a diluted basis, to recognize the cumulative effect of the change on prior years, which we reflected as part of our results in 2005. Other than this one-time gain, the change did not have a material impact on our consolidated statement of operations.
36
Year Ended December 31, 2005 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2004
Revenues
Net Revenues increased 8.8% in 2005 compared to 2004 due to a 7.4% increase in Net Yields and, to a lesser extent, a 1.4% increase in capacity. The increase in Net Yields was primarily due to higher cruise ticket prices and onboard spending. Higher cruise ticket prices were primarily attributable to a strong demand environment and a decrease in capacity growth within the industry. The increase in capacity was primarily attributed to the addition of Jewel of the Seas in 2004, partially offset by Enchantment of the Seas, which was out of service for 53 days due to its lengthening. In addition, capacity in 2004 was negatively impacted by the cancellation of certain sailings primarily due to hurricanes and unscheduled drydocks. Occupancy in 2005 was 106.6% compared to 105.7% in 2004. Gross Yields increased 6.2% in 2005 compared to 2004 primarily due to the same reasons discussed above for Net Yields.
Onboard and other revenues included concession revenues of $223.0 million and $196.3 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase in concession revenues was primarily due to higher amounts spent per passenger onboard and the increase in capacity mentioned above.
Expenses
Net Cruise Costs increased 7.8% in 2005 compared to 2004 due to a 6.3% increase in Net Cruise Costs per APCD and the 1.4% increase in capacity mentioned above. Approximately 4.9 percentage points of the increase in Net Cruise Costs per APCD was attributed to increases in fuel expenses. Total fuel expenses (net of the financial impact of fuel swap agreements) increased 46.0% per metric ton in 2005 as compared to an increase of 27.5% in 2004. As a percentage of total revenues, fuel expenses were 7.5% and 5.5% in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The remaining 1.4 percentage points of the increase in Net Cruise Costs per APCD were primarily attributed to increases in personnel costs associated with benefits. In addition, Net Cruise Costs in 2004 included approximately $11.3 million in costs related to the impact of hurricanes. Gross Cruise Costs increased 6.5% in 2005 compared to 2004, which was a lower percentage increase than Net Cruise Costs primarily due to a lower proportion of passengers who purchased air transportation from us in 2005.
Depreciation and amortization expenses increased 2.0% in 2005 compared to 2004. The increase was primarily due to the addition of Jewel of the Seas in 2004 as well as depreciation associated with other capital expenditures, including the lengthening of Enchantment of the Seas in 2005.
Other Income (Expense)
Gross interest expense decreased to $287.4 million in 2005 from $317.2 million in 2004. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower average debt level, partially offset by higher interest rates. Interest capitalized increased to $17.7 million in 2005 from $7.2 million in 2004 due to a higher average level of investment in ships under construction.
In July 2005, First Choice redeemed in full its 6.75% convertible preferred shares. We received $348.1 million in cash, resulting in a net gain of $44.2 million, primarily due to foreign exchange.
Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle
In the third quarter of 2005, we changed our method of accounting for drydocking costs from the accrual in advance to the deferral method (see Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data). The change resulted in a one-time gain of $52.5 million, or $0.22 per share on a diluted basis, to recognize the cumulative effect of the change on prior years, which we reflected as part of our results in 2005. Other than this one-time gain, the change did not have a material impact on our consolidated statement of operations.
37
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources and Uses of Cash
Cash flow generated from operations provides us with a significant source of liquidity. Net cash provided by operating activities was $948.5 million in 2006 and $1.1 billion in each of 2005 and 2004. This decrease was primarily a result of the payment of approximately $121.2 million of accreted interest in connection with the repurchase of our LYONs, a decrease in accounts payable of approximately $25.9 million and an increase in trade and other receivables of approximately $19.5 million as compared to 2005.
Net cash used in investing activities increased to $1.8 billion in 2006, from $89.0 million in 2005 and $632.5 million in 2004. The increase was primarily due to an increase in capital expenditures which were approximately $1.2 billion for the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to approximately $429.9 million in 2005 and $630.1 million in 2004. Capital expenditures were primarily related to ships under construction including the delivery of Freedom of the Seas in 2006, the lengthening of Enchantment of the Seas in 2005, and the delivery of Jewel of the Seas in 2004 as well as progress payments for ships under construction in all years. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was also driven by the purchase of Pullmantur which resulted in a cash outlay of approximately $558.9 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $879.7 million in 2006 compared to net cash used in financing activities of $1.5 billion in 2005 and $146.0 million in 2004. The increase in 2006 was primarily due to net proceeds from debt issuances of approximately $2.9 billion including net proceeds of approximately $890.5 million from a public offering consisting of $550.0 million of 7.0% senior unsecured notes due 2013, and $350.0 million of 7.25% senior unsecured notes due 2016. In addition, in connection with the financing of Freedom of the Seas, we entered into and drew in full a $570.0 million unsecured term loan with an interest rate of 3.77% due through 2013. We also obtained a 750.0 million, or approximately $960.5 million, unsecured short-term bridge loan to finance the acquisition of Pullmantur on which we drew 701.0 million, or approximately $925.1 million. Net cash provided by financing activities was partially offset by payments on various term loans, senior notes, revolving credit facilities and capital leases totaling approximately $1.8 billion in 2006 compared to $1.6 billion and $361.4 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. Debt repayments in 2006 included approximately $529.6 million toward unsecured debt, $409.4 million in connection with the repurchase of our LYONs, $345.9 million of debt repaid in connection with the acquisition of Pullmantur, $260.0 million towards our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and $237.4 million towards loans secured by certain Celebrity ships. We also purchased 4.6 million shares of our common stock in 2006 from an investment bank at a price of $35.99 per share as part of an ASR transaction. Total consideration paid to repurchase such shares, including commissions and other fees, was approximately $164.6 million. The forward sale agreement matured in 2006. During the term of the forward sale agreement, the investment bank purchased shares of our common stock in the open market to settle its obligation related to the shares borrowed from third parties and sold to us. The shares were recorded in shareholders equity as a component of treasury stock (see Note 7. Shareholders Equity). Also in 2006 we drew $570.0 million on our revolving credit facility. In 2005, we drew $200.0 million on unsecured variable rate term loans due 2010 and $190.0 million on our revolving credit facility. In 2004, we drew $225.0 million on an unsecured variable rate term loan due 2006 through 2012. During 2006, 2005 and 2004, we received $23.0 million, $22.0 million and $98.3 million, respectively, in connection with the exercise of common stock options and we paid cash dividends on our common stock of $124.5 million, $118.8 million and $104.5 million, respectively. In 2006, we called for redemption all of our outstanding zero coupon convertible notes due May 18, 2021. Most holders of the notes elected to convert them into shares of our common stock, rather than redeem them for cash, resulting in the issuance of approximately 4.1 million shares during the redemption period. Net Debt-to-Capital increased to 46.6% in 2006 compared to 42.0% in 2005. Similarly, our Debt-to-Capital ratio increased to 47.1% in 2006 from 42.8% in 2005.
Interest capitalized during 2006 increased to $27.8 million from $17.7 million in 2005 primarily due to a higher average level of investment in ships under construction and to a lesser extent higher interest rates.
Future Capital Commitments
Our future capital commitments consist primarily of new ship orders. As of December 31, 2006, we had two Freedom-class ships and one ship of a new class designated for Royal Caribbean International and three Solstice-class ships, designated for Celebrity Cruises, on order for an aggregate additional capacity of approximately 21,150 berths.
38
The aggregate cost of the six ships is approximately $5.3 billion, of which we have deposited $438.4 million as of December 31, 2006. Approximately 11% of the aggregate cost of ships was exposed to fluctuations in the euro exchange rate at December 31, 2006. (See Note 11. Financial Instruments to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.)
As of December 31, 2006 we anticipated overall capital expenditures, including the six ships on order, will be approximately $1.3 billion for 2007, $1.8 billion for 2008, $2.0 billion for 2009, and $1.0 billion for 2010.
We have an option to purchase an additional ship for Royal Caribbean International, exercisable through March 2007, for an additional capacity of approximately 5,400 berths. If ordered, the optional ship will be delivered in the third quarter of 2010.
Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2006, our contractual obligations were as follows (in thousands):
|
Payments due by period | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Less than 1 |
1-3 |
3-5 |
More than 5 | ||||||||||
|
Total |
year |
years |
years |
years | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||
Long-term debt obligations(1) |
$5,365,962 |
$372,211 |
$545,547 |
$1,674,881 |
$2,773,323 | ||||||||||
Capital lease obligations(1) |
47,782 |
1,211 |
2,937 |
3,346 |
40,288 | ||||||||||
Operating lease obligations(2)(3) |
570,801 |
58,728 |
107,114 |
97,435 |
307,524 | ||||||||||
Ship purchase obligations(4) |
4,277,355 |
755,544 |
2,946,475 |
575,336 |
- | ||||||||||
Other(5) |
428,329 |
138,511 |
130,198 |
56,378 |
103,242 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||
Total |
$10,690,229 |
$1,326,205 |
$3,732,271 |
$2,407,376 |
$3,224,377 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
Amounts exclude interest. |
|
(2) |
We are obligated under noncancelable operating leases primarily for a ship, offices, warehouses and motor vehicles. |
(3) |
Under the Brilliance of the Seas lease agreement, we may be required to make a termination payment of approximately £126.0 million, or approximately $246.8 million based on the exchange rate at December 31, 2006, if the lease is canceled in 2012. This amount is included in the more than five years category. (See Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.) |
(4) |
Amounts represent contractual obligations with initial terms in excess of one year. |
(5) |
Amounts represent future commitments with remaining terms in excess of one year to pay for our usage of certain port facilities, marine consumables, services and maintenance contracts. |
Under the Brilliance of the Seas operating lease, we have agreed to indemnify the lessor to the extent its after-tax return is negatively impacted by unfavorable changes in corporate tax rates and capital allowance deductions. These indemnifications could result in an increase in our lease payments. We are unable to estimate the maximum potential increase in such lease payments due to the various circumstances, timing or combination of events that could trigger such indemnifications. Under current circumstances we do not believe an indemnification in any material amount is probable.
Some of the contracts that we enter into include indemnification provisions that obligate us to make payments to the counterparty if certain events occur. These contingencies generally relate to changes in taxes, increased lender capital costs and other similar costs. The indemnification clauses are often standard contractual terms and are entered into in the normal course of business. There are no stated or notional amounts included in the indemnification clauses and we are not able to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments, if any, under these indemnification clauses. We have not been required to make any payments under such indemnification clauses in the past and, under current circumstances, we do not believe an indemnification in any material amount is probable.
As a normal part of our business, depending on market conditions, pricing and our overall growth strategy, we continuously consider opportunities to enter into contracts for the building of additional ships. We may also consider the sale of ships. We continuously consider potential acquisitions and strategic alliances. If any of these were to occur, they would be financed through the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the issuance of additional shares of equity securities or through cash flows from operations.
39
Funding Sources
As of December 31, 2006, our liquidity was $0.7 billion consisting of approximately $0.1 billion in cash and cash equivalents and $0.6 billion available under our unsecured revolving credit facility. (See Note 6. Long-Term Debt to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.) We have commitments of approximately $1.3 billion due during the twelve-month period ending December 31, 2007. These commitments will be funded through a combination of cash flows from operations, drawdowns under our available unsecured revolving credit facility, the incurrence of additional indebtedness and the sales of equity or debt securities in private or public securities markets. Although we believe our existing unsecured revolving credit facility, cash flows from operations, our ability to obtain new borrowings and/or raise new capital or a combination of these sources will be sufficient to fund operations, debt payment requirements, capital expenditures and other commitments over the next twelve-month period, there can be no assurances that these sources of cash will be available in accordance with our expectations.
In January 2007, we received approximately 990.9 million, or approximately $1.3 billion, of net proceeds from a 1.0 billion, or approximately $1.3 billion, bond offering. A portion of the net proceeds were used to retire the 750.0 million, or approximately $960.5 million, short-term unsecured bridge loan obtained to finance our acquisition of Pullmantur on which we drew 701.0 million, or approximately $925.1 million. The remainder of the net proceeds, approximately 289.0 million, or approximately $374.8 million, was used to repay a portion of the outstanding balance on our unsecured revolving credit facility. (See Note 14. Subsequent Events)
Our financing agreements contain covenants that require us, among other things, to maintain minimum net worth, and fixed charge coverage ratio and limit our net debt-to-capital ratio. We were in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2006.
If any person other than A. Wilhelmsen AS. and Cruise Associates, our two principal shareholders, acquires ownership of more than 30% of our common stock and our two principal shareholders, in the aggregate, own less of our common stock than such person and do not collectively have the right to elect, or to designate for election, at least a majority of the board of directors, we may be obligated to prepay indebtedness outstanding under the majority of our credit facilities, which we may be unable to replace on similar terms. If this were to occur, it could have an adverse impact on our liquidity and operations.
40
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Financial Instruments and Other
General
We are exposed to market risk attributable to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and fuel prices. We manage these risks through a combination of our normal operating and financing activities and through the use of derivative financial instruments pursuant to our hedging practices and policies. The financial impacts of these hedging instruments are primarily offset by corresponding changes in the underlying exposures being hedged. We achieve this by closely matching the amount, term and conditions of the derivative instrument with the underlying risk being hedged. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. We monitor our derivative positions using techniques including market valuations and sensitivity analyses. (See Note 11. Financial Instruments to our consolidated financial statements under Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.)
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates to our long-term debt obligations and our operating lease for Brilliance of the Seas. At December 31, 2006, 60% of our long-term debt was effectively fixed and 40% was floating. We enter into interest rate swap agreements to modify our exposure to interest rate movements and to manage our interest expense and rent expense.
Market risk associated with our long-term fixed rate debt is the potential increase in fair value resulting from a decrease in interest rates. At December 31, 2006, our interest rate swap agreements effectively changed $175.0 million of fixed rate debt with a weighted-average fixed rate of 8.11% to LIBOR-based floating rate debt. The estimated fair value of our long-term fixed rate debt at December 31, 2006, was $3.4 billion using quoted market prices, where available, or using discounted cash flow analyses based on market rates available to us for similar debt with the same remaining maturities. The fair value of our associated interest rate swap agreements was estimated to be $5.6 million as of December 31, 2006 based on quoted market prices for similar or identical financial instruments to those we hold. A hypothetical one percentage point decrease in interest rates at December 31, 2006 would increase the fair value of our long-term fixed rate debt, by approximately $158.7 million, net of an increase in the fair value of the associated interest rate swap agreements.
Market risk associated with our long-term floating rate debt is the potential increase in interest expense from an increase in interest rates. A hypothetical one percentage point increase in interest rates would increase our 2007 interest expense by approximately $12.1 million. At December 31, 2006, we have an interest rate swap agreement that effectively changes $25.0 million of LIBOR-based floating rate debt to fixed rate debt of 4.40%.
Market risk associated with our operating lease for Brilliance of the Seas is the potential increase in rent expense from an increase in sterling LIBOR rates. As of January 2007, we have effectively changed 50% of the operating lease obligation from a floating rate to a fixed rate obligation with a weighted-average rate of 4.76% through rate fixings with the lessor. A hypothetical one percentage point increase in sterling LIBOR rates would increase our 2007 rent expense by approximately $2.2 million, based on the exchange rate at December 31, 2006.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Our primary exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk relates to our firm commitments under ship construction contracts denominated in euros. We enter into euro-denominated forward contracts to manage this risk. The estimated fair value of such euro-denominated forward contracts at December 31, 2006, was a net unrealized gain of approximately $106.3 million, based on quoted market prices for equivalent instruments with the same remaining maturities. At December 31, 2006, approximately 11% of the aggregate cost of the ships was exposed to fluctuations in the euro exchange rate. A hypothetical 10% strengthening of the euro as of December 31, 2006, assuming no changes in comparative interest rates, would result in a $433.2 million increase in the United States dollar cost of the foreign currency denominated ship construction contracts. This increase would be largely offset by an increase in the fair value of our euro-denominated forward contracts.
41
We are also exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on the United States dollar value of our foreign currency denominated forecasted transactions. To manage this exposure, we take advantage of natural offsets of our foreign currency revenues and expenses and enter into foreign currency forward contracts for a portion of the remaining exposure related to these forecasted transactions. Our principal net foreign currency exposure relates to the euro, the British pound and the Canadian dollar. At December 31, 2006, the estimated fair value of such contracts was an unrealized loss of approximately $2.1 million based on quoted market prices for equivalent instruments with the same remaining maturities. A hypothetical 10% strengthening of the principal foreign currencies as of December 31, 2006, assuming no changes in comparative interest rates, would result in a $28.8 million increase in the United States dollar value of the 2007 foreign currency denominated forecasted transactions. This increase would be offset by a decrease in the fair value of our foreign currency forward contracts maturing in 2007 of approximately $10.1 million.
Also, we consider our investments in foreign subsidiaries to be denominated in relatively stable currencies and of a long-term nature. We partially address the exposure of our investments in foreign subsidiaries by denominating a portion of our debt in our subsidiaries functional currencies (generally euros). Specifically, we have assigned debt of approximately 478.8 million, or approximately $631.8 million, as a hedge of our net investment in Pullmantur and, accordingly, have included approximately $18.7 million of foreign-currency transaction losses in the cumulative translation adjustment component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)at December 31, 2006. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in the December 31, 2006 foreign currency exchange rate, would increase or decrease the fair value of our debt by $63.2 million, which would be offset by a decrease or increase of $63.2 million in the U.S. dollar value of our net investment.
Fuel Price Risk
Our exposure to market risk for changes in fuel prices relates to the consumption of fuel on our ships. Fuel cost (net of the financial impact of fuel swap agreements), as a percentage of our total revenues, was approximately 9.2% in 2006, 7.5% in 2005 and 5.5% in 2004. Historically, we have used fuel swap agreements to mitigate the financial impact of fluctuations in fuel prices. As of December 31, 2006, we had fuel swap agreements to pay fixed prices for fuel with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $205.3 million, maturing through 2008. The estimated fair value of these contracts at December 31, 2006 was an unrealized loss of $20.5 million. We estimate that a hypothetical 10% increase in our weighted-average fuel price from that experienced during the year ended December 31, 2006 would increase our 2007 fuel cost by approximately $52.5 million. This increase would be partially offset by an increase in the fair value of our fuel swap agreements maturing in 2007 of approximately $18.2 million.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Our Consolidated Financial Statements and Quarterly Selected Financial Data are included beginning on page F-1 of this report.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), as of the end of the period covered by this report and concluded that those controls and procedures were effective.
42
Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2006. Our managements assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered certified public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 during the quarter ended December 31, 2006 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system will be met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent limitations of control systems, there is only the reasonable assurance that our controls will succeed in achieving their goals under all potential future conditions.
Item 9B. Other Information
None.
43
PART III
Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance of the Registrant, Executive Compensation, Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters, Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence and Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The information required by Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 is incorporated herein by reference to the Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year, except that the information concerning the executive officers called for by Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K is included in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and other senior officers. This code of ethics is posted on our website at www.rclinvestor.com.
44
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) |
(1) Financial Statements |
Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data and are included beginning on page F-1 of this report.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules |
None.
(3) Exhibits
The exhibits listed on the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and such Index to Exhibits is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
45
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
(Registrant)
|
By: /s/ BRIAN J. RICE |
| |||||
|
Brian J. Rice |
| |||||
|
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||||
|
(Principal Financial Officer) |
| |||||
February 28, 2007 |
| ||||||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on February 28, 2007.
/s/ RICHARD D. FAIN |
| ||
|
Richard D. Fain |
| |
|
Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||
(Principal Executive Officer) |
/s/ BRIAN J. RICE |
| |
|
Brian J. Rice |
|
|
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |
(Principal Financial Officer) |
/s/ BLAIR H. GOULD |
| |||
|
Blair H. Gould |
| ||
|
Vice President and Controller |
| ||
(Principal Accounting Officer) |
/s/ * BERNARD W. ARONSON |
| |||
|
Bernard W. Aronson |
| ||
|
Director |
| ||
/s/ * ARVID GRUNDEKJOEN |
| |||
|
Arvid Grundekjoen |
| ||
|
Director |
| ||
/s/ * WILLIAM L. KIMSEY |
| |||
|
William L. Kimsey |
| ||
|
Director |
| ||
/s/ * LAURA LAVIADA |
| ||||
|
Laura Laviada |
| |||
|
Director |
| |||
/s/ * GERT W. MUNTHE | |||
|
Gert W. Munthe |
| |
|
Director |
| |
46
/s/ * EYAL OFER | |||
|
Eyal Ofer |
| |
|
Director |
| |
/s/ * THOMAS J. PRITZKER | |||
|
Thomas J. Pritzker |
| |
|
Director |
| |
/s/ * WILLIAM K. REILLY | |||
|
William K. Reilly |
| |
|
Director |
| |
/s/ * BERNT REITAN | |||
|
Bernt Reitan |
| |
|
Director |
| |
/s/ * ARNE ALEXANDER WILHELMSEN |
| |||
|
Arne Alexander Wilhelmsen |
| ||
|
Director |
| ||
*By: /s/ BRIAN J. RICE |
| ||
|
Brian J. Rice, as Attorney-in-Fact |
| |
47
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibits 10.13 through 10.34 represent management compensatory plans or arrangements.
Exhibit |
|
Description |
3.1 |
Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Companys Registration Statement on Form F-1, File No. 33-59304, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission); Exhibit 2.2 to the Companys 1996 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884; Document No. 1 in the Companys Form 6-K filed with the Commission on October 14, 1999; Document No. 1 in the Companys Form 6-K filed with the Commission on May 18, 1999; and Document No. 1 in the Companys Form 6-K filed with the Commission on August 28, 2000).
| |
3.2 |
Restated By-Laws of the Company, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 31, 2006).
| |
4.1 |
Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., successor to NationsBank of Georgia, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.4 to the Companys 1994 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
| |
4.2 |
Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 29, 1995 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and the Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., successor to NationsBank of Georgia, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.5 to the Company's 1995 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
| |
4.3 |
Fourth Supplemental Indenture dated as of August 12, 1996 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Document No. 2 in the Company's Form 6-K filed with the Commission on February 10, 1997, File No. 1-11884).
| |
4.4 |
Fifth Supplemental Indenture dated as of October 14, 1997 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.10 to the Companys 1997 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
| |
4.5 |
Sixth Supplemental Indenture dated as of October 14, 1997 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.11 to the Companys 1997 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
| |
4.6 |
Seventh Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 16, 1998 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.12 to the Companys 1997 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
| |
4.7 |
Eighth Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 16, 1998 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.13 to the Companys 1997 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
| |
4.8 |
Ninth Supplemental Indenture dated as of February 2, 2001 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.10 to the Companys 2000 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
| |
4.9 |
Tenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of February 2, 2001 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.11 to the Companys 2000 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
|
48
4.10 |
Eleventh Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 18, 2001 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 2.12 to the Companys 2001 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
|
4.11 |
Twelfth Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 9, 2003 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.13 to the Companys 2003 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
|
4.12 |
Thirteenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 21, 2003 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.14 to the Companys 2003 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884.)
|
4.13 |
Fourteenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of June 12, 2006 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
|
4.14 |
Fifteenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of June 12, 2006 to Indenture dated as of July 15, 1994 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee.
|
4.15 |
Form of Indenture dated as of July 31, 2006 between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-136186) filed with the Commission on July 31, 2006).
|
4.16 |
Indenture dated as of January 25, 2007 among the Company, as issuer, The Bank of New York, as trustee, transfer agent, principal paying agent and security registrar, and AIB/BNY Fund Management (Ireland) Limited, as Irish paying agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on January 26, 2007).
|
10.1 |
Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement dated as of July 30, 1997 among the Company, A. Wilhelmsen AS., Cruise Associates, Monument Capital Corporation, Archinav Holdings, Ltd. and Overseas Cruiseship, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.20 to the Companys 1997 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
|
10.2 |
Credit Agreement dated as of March 27, 2003 among the Company and various financial institutions and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Amendment No. 1 thereto dated as of May 18, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Document No. 2 in the Companys Form 6-K filed with the Commission on March 28, 2003 and Exhibit No. 10.1 to the Current Report on From 8-K filed with the Commission on May 24, 2005).
|
10.3 |
Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement dated as of December 15, 2006, amending Credit Agreement dated as of March 27, 2003, as amended, among the Company and various financial institutions and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent.
|
10.4 |
Credit Agreement dated as of April 6, 2006 among the Company and various financial institutions and Citibank, N.A. as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on April 19, 2006).
|
10.5 |
Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement dated as of December 15, 2006, amending Credit Agreement dated as of April 6, 2006, among the Company and various financial institutions and Citibank, N.A. as Administrative Agent.
|
49
10.6 |
Credit Agreement dated as of November 7, 2006 among the Company, various financial institutions and Citibank, N.A. as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 8, 2006).
|
10.7 |
Office Building Lease Agreement dated July 25, 1989 between Miami-Dade County and the Company, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibits 10.116 and 10.117 to the Companys Registration Statement on Form F-1, File No. 33-46157, filed with the Commission).
|
10.8 |
Office Building Lease Agreement dated January 18, 1994 between Miami-Dade County and the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.13 to the Companys 1993 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission, File No. 1-11884).
|
10.9 |
Lease by and between City of Wichita, Kansas and the Company dated as of December 1, 1997, together with First Supplemental Lease Agreement dated December 1, 2000 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to the Companys 2002 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission).
|
10.10 |
Multi-Tenant Office Lease Agreement dated May 3, 2000 between the Company and Opus Real Estate National IV FL, L.L.C. (formerly Miramar 75, L.L.C.), together with four Amendments thereto dated June 1, 2000, November 20, 2000, October 11, 2001 and September 25, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to the Companys 2003 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission).
|
10.11 |
Lease Agreement dated January 24, 2005 between the Company and Workstage-Oregon, LLC and Amendment No. 1 thereto dated April 19, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company's 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission and Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005 filed with the Commission).
|
10.12 |
Lease dated August 30, 2006 between DV3 Addlestone Limited, Harmony Investments (Global) Limited and the Company.
|
10.13 |
1990 Stock Option Plan of the Company, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-7290, filed with the Commission).
|
10.14 |
1995 Incentive Stock Option Plan of the Company, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-84980, filed with the Commission).
|
10.15 |
Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. 2000 Stock Award Plan, as Amended and Restated through September 18, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 8, 2005 and Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 22, 2006).
|
10.16 |
Employment Agreement dated December 21, 2001 between the Company and Richard D. Fain (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company's 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission).
|
10.17 |
Trust Agreement for Richard D. Fain dated as of June 30, 1994 between the Company and Gary Hammond, as Trustee, together with Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 30, 1998 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company's 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission).
|
10.18 |
Employment agreement dated March 10, 2005 between the Company and Luis E. Leon (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company's 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission).
|
10.19 |
Employment Agreement dated April 25, 2005 between the Company and Adam M. Goldstein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 filed with the Commission).
|
50
10.20 |
Employment Agreement dated April 25, 2005 between Celebrity Cruises Inc. and Daniel J. Hanrahan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 filed with the Commission).
|
|
10.21 |
Employment Agreement dated April 25, 2005 between the Company and Brian J. Rice (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 filed with the Commission.)
|
|
10.22 |
Employment Agreement dated February 12, 2006 between the Company and Harri U. Kulovaara.
|
|
10.23 |
Description of consulting arrangement between the Company and William K. Reilly (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Company's 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission).
|
|
10.24 |
Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. et. al. Board of Directors Non Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan, as Amended and Restated through December 6, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 8, 2005).
|
|
10.25 |
Amendment to the Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. et. al. Board of Directors Non Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan dated as of December 12, 2006.
|
|
10.26 |
Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. et. al. Non Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan Rabbi Trust (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company's 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission).
|
|
10.27 |
Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. Executive Incentive Plan as amended as of December 12, 2006.
|
|
10.28 |
Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. et. al. Non Qualified 401(k) Plan, as Amended and Restated through December 6, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 8, 2005).
|
|
10.29 |
Amendment to the Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. et. al. Non Qualified 401(k) Plan, dated as of December 12, 2006.
|
|
10.30 |
Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan as Amended and Restated through December 6, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 8, 2005).
|
|
10.31 |
Amendment to the Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan dated as of December 12, 2006.
|
|
10.32 |
Summary of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. Board of Directors Compensation.
|
|
10.33 |
Form of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. 2000 Stock Award Plan Stock Option Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company's 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission).
|
|
10.34 |
Form of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. 2000 Stock Award Plan Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Company's 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission).
| |
12.1 |
Statement regarding computation of fixed charge coverage ratio.
|
|
21.1 |
List of Subsidiaries.
|
|
23.1 |
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered certified public accounting firm.
|
|
23.2 |
Consent of Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP.
|
|
24 |
Powers of Attorney.
|
|
31 |
Certifications required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
|
32 |
Certifications pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code. |
51
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page |
Report of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting Firm |
F-2 |
| |
Consolidated Statements of Operations |
F-4 | ||
Consolidated Balance Sheets |
F-5 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |
F-6 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders Equity |
F-7 | ||
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |
F-8 | ||
Report of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd.:
We have completed integrated audits of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd.s 2006, 2005 and 2004 consolidated financial statements and of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Our opinions, based on our audits, are presented below.
Consolidated financial statements
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index appearing under Item 15 present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit of financial statements includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As discussed in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for dry docking costs in 2005.
Internal control over financial reporting
Also, in our opinion, managements assessment, included in Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A., that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on those criteria. Furthermore, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the COSO. The Companys management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on managements assessment and on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. An audit of internal control over financial reporting includes obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating managements assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we consider necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
F-2
company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Miami, Florida
February 28, 2007
F-3
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2006 |
2005 |
2004 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
|
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Passenger ticket revenues |
$ 3,838,648 |
$ 3,609,487 |
$ 3,359,201 | ||||||
Onboard and other revenues |
1,390,936 |
1,293,687 |
1,196,174 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Total revenues |
5,229,584 |
4,903,174 |
4,555,375 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Cruise operating expenses |
|
|
| ||||||
Commissions, transportation and other |
917,929 |
858,606 |
822,206 | ||||||
Onboard and other |
331,218 |
308,611 |
300,717 | ||||||
Payroll and related |
501,874 |
510,692 |
487,633 | ||||||
Food |
278,604 |
270,674 |
269,436 | ||||||
Fuel |
480,187 |
367,864 |
251,886 | ||||||
Other operating |
739,817 |
677,785 |
687,505 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Total cruise operating expenses |
3,249,629 |
2,994,232 |
2,819,383 | ||||||
Marketing, selling and administrative expenses |
699,864 |
635,308 |
588,267 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization expenses |
421,645 |
402,069 |
394,136 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
|
4,371,138 |
4,031,609 |
3,801,786 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Operating Income |
858,446 |
871,565 |
753,589 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Other income (expense) |
|
|
| ||||||
Interest income |
15,238 |
9,129 |
9,208 | ||||||
Interest expense, net of interest capitalized |
(267,861) |
(269,750) |
(309,977) | ||||||
Other income |
28,099 |
52,521 |
21,871 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
|
(224,524) |
(208,100) |
(278,898) | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Income Before Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle |
633,922 |
663,465 |
474,691 | ||||||
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting Principle (Note 2) |
- |
52,491 |
- | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Net Income |
$ 633,922 |
$ 715,956 |
$ 474,691 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Basic Earnings per Share: |
|||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
$ 3.01 |
$ 3.22 |
$ 2.39 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle (Note 2) |
$ - |
$ 0.25 |
$ - | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Net income |
$ 3.01 |
$ 3.47 |
$ 2.39 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Diluted Earnings per Share: |
|||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
$ 2.94 |
$ 3.03 |
$ 2.26 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle (Note 2) |
$ - |
$ 0.22 |
$ - | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Net income |
$ 2.94 |
$ 3.26 |
$ 2.26 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Pro Forma Amounts (assuming change in accounting principle was applied retrospectively) (Note 2) (unaudited): |
|||||||||
Pro forma net income |
$ 633,922 |
$ 663,465 |
$ 483,853 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Pro forma basic earnings per share |
$ 3.01 |
$ 3.22 |
$ 2.43 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Pro forma diluted earnings per share |
$ 2.94 |
$ 3.03 |
$ 2.30 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-4
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
As of December 31, | ||||||||
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2006 |
2005 | |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
|
(in thousands, except share data) | ||||||||
Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents |
$ 104,520 |
$ 125,385 | |||||||
Trade and other receivables, net |
185,886 |
95,254 | |||||||
Inventories |
76,969 |
57,803 | |||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
134,529 |
98,568 | |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
Total current assets |
501,904 |
377,010 | |||||||
Property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
11,429,106 |
10,276,948 | |||||||
Goodwill less accumulated amortization of $138,606 |
721,514 |
283,133 | |||||||
Other assets |
740,564 |
318,680 | |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
|
$13,393,088 |
$11,255,771 | |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
|
| ||||||||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
| ||||||||
Current liabilities | |||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
$ 373,422 |
$ 600,883 | |||||||
Accounts payable |
193,794 |
159,910 | |||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities |
408,209 |
342,995 | |||||||
Customer deposits |
896,943 |
884,994 | |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
Total current liabilities |
1,872,368 |
1,988,782 | |||||||
Long-term debt |
5,040,322 |
3,553,892 | |||||||
Other long-term liabilities |
388,823 |
158,632 | |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12) |
|
| |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
Shareholders equity | |||||||||
Common stock ($.01 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 222,489,872 and 216,504,849 shares issued) |
2,225 |
2,165 | |||||||
Paid-in capital |
2,904,041 |
2,706,236 | |||||||
Retained earnings |
3,639,211 |
3,132,286 | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(30,802) |
(28,263) | |||||||
Treasury stock ( 10,985,927 and 6,143,392 common shares at cost) |
(423,100) |
(257,959) | |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
Total shareholders equity |
6,091,575 |
5,554,465 | |||||||
|
|
| |||||||
|
$13,393,088 |
$11,255,771 | |||||||
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-5
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
|
2006 |
2005 |
2004 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
| |||||||||
|
(in thousands) |
| |||||||
Operating Activities Net income |
$ 633,922 |
$ 715,956 |
$ 474,691 |
| |||||
Adjustments: |
| ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
421,645 |
402,069 |
394,136 |
| |||||
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
- |
(52,491) |
- |
| |||||
Gain on redemption of investment |
- |
(44,207) |
- |
| |||||
Accretion of original issue discount on debt |
17,902 |
45,718 |
52,562 |
| |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
| ||||||||
Increase in trade and other receivables, net |
(38,855) |
(19,349) |
(3,256) |
| |||||
(Increase) decrease in inventories |
(7,441) |
2,457 |
(6,813) |
| |||||
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and other assets |
707 |
(5,009) |
(17,196) |
| |||||
Decrease in accounts payable |
(29,671) |
(3,741) |
(25,987) |
| |||||
Increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities |
21,815 |
31,772 |
53,851 |
| |||||
Increase in customer deposits |
9,724 |
9,912 |
145,273 |
| |||||
Accreted interest paid on LYONs repurchase |
(121,199) |
- |
- | ||||||
Other, net |
39,957 |
28,273 |
9,730 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
| |||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
948,506 |
1,111,360 |
1,076,991 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
| |||||||||
Investing Activities Purchases of property and equipment |
(1,180,579) |
(429,898) |
(630,670) |
| |||||
Purchases of notes from First Choice Holidays PLC |
(100,000) |
- |
- | ||||||
Purchase of Pullmantur, net of cash acquired |
(553,312) |
- |
- | ||||||
Purchases of short-term investments |
- |
(56,500) |
(732,165) | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments |
- |
56,500 |
732,165 | ||||||
Proceeds from redemption of investment |
- |
348,070 |
- |
| |||||
Other, net |
(15,187) |
(7,198) |
(1,840) | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
| |||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(1,849,078) |
(89,026) |
(632,510) | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
| |||||||||
Financing Activities Net proceeds from issuance of debt |
2,933,915 |
390,000 |
225,000 |
| |||||
Debt issuance costs |
(10,004) |
(5,512) |
(3,352) |
| |||||
Repayments of debt, net |
(1,785,773) |
(1,564,715) |
(361,386) |
| |||||
Dividends |
(124,460) |
(118,764) |
(104,521) |
| |||||
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options |
23,026 |
21,996 |
98,316 |
| |||||
Purchases of treasury stock |
(164,582) |
(249,122) |
- |
| |||||
Other, net |
7,585 |
590 |
(46) | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
| |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
879,707 |
(1,525,527) |
(145,989) | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
(20,865) |
(503,193) |
298,492 |
| |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
125,385 |
628,578 |
330,086 | ||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||
| |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
$ 104,520 |
$ 125,385 |
$ 628,578 |
| |||||
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Supplemental Disclosures |
| ||||||||
Cash paid during the year for: |
| ||||||||
Interest, net of amount capitalized |
$ 376,817 |
$ 236,477 |
$ 266,037 |
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental Schedule of Noncash Investing Activity
The Company purchased all of the capital stock of Pullmantur for approximately $558.9 million on November 14, 2006. In conjuction with the acquisition, liabilities were assumed as follows:
Fair value of assets acquired |
$1,111,117 |
|
Cash paid for capital stock |
(558,948) |
|
|
| |
Liabilities assumed |
$ 552,169 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-6
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
Common Stock | Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Treasury Stock | Total Shareholders' Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at January 1, 2004 | $ | 1,961 | $ | 2,100,612 | $ | 2,162,195 | $ | 5,846 | $ | (7,717) | $ | 4,262,897 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance under employee related plans | 51 | 105,545 | | | (560) | 105,036 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock dividends | | | (103,621) | | | (103,621) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes related to cash flow derivative hedges | | | | 67,082 | | 67,082 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment | | | | (1,565) | | (1,565) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | | | 474,691 | | | 474,691 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at December 31, 2004 | 2,012 | 2,206,157 | 2,533,265 | 71,363 | (8,277) | 4,804,520 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance under employee related plans | 12 | 28,059 | | | (560) | 27,511 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchases of treasury stock | | | | | (249,122) | (249,122) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock dividends | | | (116,935) | | | (116,935) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes related to cash flow derivative hedges | | | | (100,472) | | (100,472) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment | | | | 846 | | 846 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt converted to common stock | 141 | 472,020 | | | | 472,161 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | | | 715,956 | | | 715,956 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at December 31, 2005 | 2,165 | 2,706,236 | 3,132,286 | (28,263) | (257,959) | 5,554,465 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance under employee related plans | 12 | 42,031 | | | (559) | 41,484 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchases of treasury stock | | | | | (164,582) | (164,582) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock dividends | | | (126,997) | | | (126,997) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes related to cash flow derivative hedges | | | | 3,507 | | 3,507 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adoption of FASB Statement No. 158 | | | | (6,981) | | (6,981) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment | | | | 834 | | 834 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity adjustment from foreign currency translation | | | | 101 | | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt converted to common stock | 48 | 155,774 | | | | 155,822 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | | | 633,922 | | | 633,922 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at December 31, 2006 | $ | 2,225 | $ | 2,904,041 | $ | 3,639,211 | $ | (30,802) | $ | (423,100) | $ | 6,091,575 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income is as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
|
|
| |||||||||
Net income | $ | 633,922 | $ | 715,956 | $ | 474,691 | |||||
Changes related to cash flow derivative hedges | 3,507 | (100,472) | 67,082 | ||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment | 834 | 846 | (1,565) | ||||||||
Currency translation adjustment | 101 | - | - | ||||||||
|
|
| |||||||||
Total comprehensive income | $ | 638,364 | $ | 616,330 | $ | 540,208 | |||||
|
|
|
The following tables summarize activity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to derivatives
designated as cash flow hedges, minimum pension liability adjustment, adoption of SFAS No. 158 and the equity
adjustment from foreign currency translation (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
|
|
| |||||||||
Accumulated net (loss) gain on cash flow derivative hedges at beginning of year | $ | (18,171) | $ | 82,301 | $ | 15,219 | |||||
Net (loss) gain on cash flow derivative hedges | (7,483) | (86,456) | 91,251 | ||||||||
Net gain (loss) reclassified into earnings | 10,990 | (14,016) | (24,169) | ||||||||
|
|
| |||||||||
Accumulated net (loss) gain on cash flow derivative hedges at end of year | $ | (14,664) | $ | (18,171) | $ | 82,301 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Changes related to cash flow derivative hedges |
Changes related to minimum pension liability adjustment |
Other |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at beginning of the year |
$ (18,171) |
$ (10,092) |
$ |
$ (28,263) |
Current-period change |
3,507 |
834 |
(6,880) |
(2,539) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of year |
$ (14,664) |
$ (9,258) |
$ (6,880) |
$ (30,802) |
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-7
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES LTD.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. General
Description of Business
We are a global cruise company. We operate three cruise brands, Royal Caribbean International, Celebrity Cruises and Pullmantur Cruises with 20, 9 and 5 cruise ships, respectively, at December 31, 2006. Our ships operate on a selection of worldwide itineraries that call on approximately 310 destinations. In addition, we charter one ship to Island Cruises, our joint venture with First Choice Holidays PLC (First Choice).
Basis for Preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and are presented in United States dollars. Estimates are required for the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Actual results could differ from these estimates. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Change in Accounting Principle Related to Drydocking Costs
In the third quarter of 2005, we changed our method of accounting for drydocking costs from the accrual in advance to the deferral method. Under the accrual in advance method, estimated drydocking costs are accrued evenly over the period to the next scheduled drydock. Under the deferral method, drydocking costs incurred are deferred and charged to expense on a straight-line basis over the period to the next scheduled drydock. The deferral method is preferable because it eliminates the judgment needed to estimate drydocking costs in advance. The cumulative effect of the change on prior years of $52.5 million, or $0.22 per share on a diluted basis, was included in net income for the year ended December 31, 2005. Other than this one-time gain, the change did not have a material impact on our consolidated statement of operations or balance sheet.
Revenues and Expenses
Deposits received on sales of passenger cruises represent unearned revenue and are initially recorded as customer deposit liabilities on our balance sheet. Customer deposits are subsequently recognized as passenger ticket revenues, together with revenues from onboard and other goods and services and all associated direct costs of a voyage, upon completion of voyages with durations of ten days or less and on a pro rata basis for voyages in excess of ten days.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and marketable securities with original maturities of less than 90 days.
Inventories
Inventories consist of provisions, supplies and fuel carried at the lower of cost (weighted-average) or market.
F-8
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. We capitalize interest as part of the cost of acquiring certain assets. Improvement costs that we believe add value to our ships are capitalized as additions to the ship and depreciated over the improvements estimated useful lives. Costs of repairs and maintenance are charged to cruise operating expenses as incurred and commencing in 2005, drydocking costs are deferred and charged to expense on a straight-line basis over the period to the next scheduled drydock. The estimated cost and accumulated depreciation of refurbished or replaced ship components are written off and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in cruise operating expenses. We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate, based on estimated future cash flows, that the carrying amount of these assets may not be fully recoverable.
Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of primarily 30 years for ships, net of a 15% projected residual value, and three to forty years for other property and equipment. Depreciation for assets under capital leases and leasehold improvements is computed using the shorter of the lease term or related asset life. (See Note 4. Property and Equipment.)
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. We review goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be fully recoverable.
Intangible Assets
In connection with our acquisitions, we have acquired certain intangible assets of which value has been assigned to them based on our estimates with the assistance of appraisers engaged by management. Intangible assets that are deemed to have an indefinite life are not amortized, but are subject to periodic impairment testing at future periods in accordance with SFAS No. 142 (Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets). We review these intangible assets for impairment at the same time we review our goodwill for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. Other intangible assets assigned certain useful lives are amortized based on either an estimated weighted cash flows over their life or a straight-line basis over the life of the related contract.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred except those costs, which result in tangible assets, such as brochures, which are treated as prepaid expenses and charged to expense as consumed. Advertising costs consist of media advertising as well as brochure, production and direct mail costs. Media advertising was $141.3 million, $139.1 million and $133.2 million, and brochure, production and direct mail costs were $89.5 million, $86.9 million and $82.2 million for the years 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Derivative Instruments
We enter into various forward, swap and option contracts to manage our interest rate exposure and to limit our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and fuel prices. Generally these instruments are designated as hedges and are recorded on the balance sheet at their fair value. Our derivative instruments are not held for trading or speculative purposes.
At inception of the hedge relationship, a derivative instrument that hedges the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, or a firm commitment is designated as a fair value hedge. A derivative instrument that hedges a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows related to a recognized asset or liability is designated as a cash flow hedge.
F-9
Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated as fair value hedges are offset against changes in the fair value of the underlying hedged assets, liabilities or firm commitments. Changes in fair value of derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income until the underlying hedged transactions are recognized in earnings. The foreign-currency transaction gain or loss of our nonderivative financial instrument designated as a hedge of our net investment in our foreign operations are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income along with the associated cumulative translation adjustment of the foreign operation.
On an ongoing basis, we assess whether derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flow of hedged items. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, changes in fair value of the derivatives are recognized in earnings immediately. The ineffective portion of hedges is recognized in earnings immediately.
Foreign Currency Translations and Transactions
We translate assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is the local currency, at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. We translate revenues and expenses at weighted-average exchange rates for the period. Equity is translated at historical rates and the resulting cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, which is reflected as a separate component of shareholders equity. Exchange gains or losses arising from the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity involved are immediately included in our earnings, unless certain liabilities have been designated to act as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. The majority of our transactions are settled in United States dollars. Gains or losses resulting from transactions denominated in other currencies are recognized in income at each balance sheet date.
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share incorporates the incremental shares issuable upon the assumed exercise of stock options and conversion of potentially dilutive securities, including shares contingently issuable under our previously outstanding convertible debt instruments. In addition, net income is adjusted to add back the amount of interest recognized in the period associated with the dilutive securities. (See Note 8. Earnings Per Share.)
Stock-Based Employee Compensation
We have three stock-based compensation plans, which provide for awards to our officers, directors and key employees. The plans consist of a 1990 Employee Stock Option Plan, a 1995 Incentive Stock Option Plan and a 2000 Stock Award Plan. The 1990 Stock Option Plan and the 1995 Incentive Stock Option Plan terminated by their terms in March 2000 and February 2005, respectively. The 2000 Stock Award Plan, as amended, provides for the issuance of (i) incentive and non-qualified stock options, (ii) stock appreciation rights, (iii) restricted stock, (iv) restricted stock units and (v) performance shares of up to 13,000,000 shares of our common stock. During any calendar year, no one individual shall be granted awards of more than 500,000 shares. We awarded 204,154, 160,574, and 331,756 restricted stock units in 2006, 2005 and 2004 respectively. Options and restricted stock units outstanding as of December 31, 2006, vest in equal installments over three to five years and four to five years, respectively, from the date of grant. Generally, options and restricted stock units are forfeited if the recipient ceases to be a director or employee before the shares vest. Options are granted at a price not less than the fair value of the shares on the date of grant and expire not later than ten years after the date of grant.
In September 2006, the Compensation Committee amended the Companys 2000 Stock Award Plan. The amendment extends to one year the period during which a participant must exercise non-qualified options following a termination of service. It also limits to one year the period for exercise of both qualified and non-qualified options following termination of service due to a participants death or disability. This amendment
F-10
is effective for options granted on or after September 18, 2006. The amendment did not have any impact on our December 31, 2006 consolidated financial statements.
We also provide an Employee Stock Purchase Plan to facilitate the purchase by employees of up to 800,000 shares of common stock. Offerings to employees are made on a quarterly basis. Subject to certain limitations, the purchase price for each share of common stock is equal to 90% of the average of the market prices of the common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange on the first business day of the purchase period and the last business day of each month of the purchase period. Shares of common stock of 18,116, 14,476 and 13,281 were issued under the ESPP at a weighted-average price of $36.00, $40.83 and $39.34 during 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Under an executive compensation program approved in 1994, we award to a trust 10,086 shares of common stock per quarter, up to a maximum of 806,880 shares.
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, (SFAS 123R). SFAS 123R requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense at fair value of employee stock awards. Compensation expense for awards and related tax effects is recognized as they vest. Through December 31, 2005, we used the intrinsic value method to account for stock-based awards to our employees under APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and disclosed pro forma information as if we had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS 123). We have adopted SFAS 123R using the modified prospective transition method in which we are recognizing compensation expense on the unvested portion of the awards over the remaining vesting period. Under this transition method, prior period results have not been restated. In addition, SFAS 123R requires us to estimate the amount of expected forfeitures in calculating compensation costs for all outstanding awards. Previously, we had accounted for forfeitures as they occurred. As of January 1, 2006, the cumulative effect of adopting the expected forfeiture method and the impact on cash flows was not significant.
The impact of adopting SFAS 123R was a reduction of our net income by approximately $11.3 million, or $0.05 on a basic and diluted earnings per share basis for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Total compensation expense recognized for employee stock based compensation for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $18.4 million, of which $13.8 million has been included within marketing, selling and administrative expenses and $4.6 million within payroll and related expenses.
The following table illustrates the effect on income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net income and earnings per share as if we had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 to such compensation (in thousands, except per share data):
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
$663,465 |
$474,691 |
|||||||
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value method for all awards |
(9,732) |
(9,502) |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Pro forma income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle |
653,733 |
465,189 |
|||||||
Add: Interest on dilutive convertible notes |
48,128 |
54,530 |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Pro forma income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle for diluted earnings per share |
$701,861 |
$519,719 |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Net income, as reported |
$715,956 |
$474,691 |
|||||||
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value method for all awards |
(9,732) |
(9,502) |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Pro forma net income |
706,224 |
465,189 |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Add: Interest on dilutive convertible notes |
48,128 |
54,530 |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Pro forma net income for diluted earnings per share |
$754,352 |
$519,719 |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding |
206,217 |
198,946 |
|||||||
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock awards |
2,498 |
3,888 |
|||||||
Dilutive effect of convertible notes |
25,772 |
31,473 |
|||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding |
234,487 |
234,307 |
|||||||
|
|
|
F-11
Earnings per share before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle: |
|
|
|
Basic as reported |
$ 3.22 |
$ 2.39 |
|
Basic pro forma |
$ 3.17 |
$ 2.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted as reported |
$ 3.03 |
$ 2.26 |
|
Diluted pro forma |
$ 2.99 |
$ 2.22 |
|
Earnings per share: |
|
|
|
Basic as reported |
$ 3.47 |
$ 2.39 |
|
Basic pro forma |
$ 3.42 |
$ 2.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted as reported |
$ 3.26 |
$ 2.26 |
|
Diluted pro forma |
$ 3.22 |
$ 2.22 |
|
Diluted earnings per share did not include options to purchase 3.2 million shares for the year ended December 31, 2006 and 1.3 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 because the effect of including them would have been antidilutive. Also, diluted earnings per share in 2005 did not include 0.2 million shares we received in 2006 in connection with the settlement of an Accelerated Share Repurchase (ASR) transaction because the effect of including them would have been antidilutive.
The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The estimated fair value of stock options, less estimated forfeitures, is amortized over the vesting period using the graded-vesting method. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are as follows:
|
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
|
|