FORM 6-K
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Report of Foreign Issuer

Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934


For the month of June, 2012

Commission File Number: 1-33659

COSAN LIMITED
(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

Av. Juscelino Kubitschek, 1726 – 6th floor
São Paulo, SP 04543-000 Brazil
(Address of principal executive offices)


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F:

Form 20-F
X
 
Form 40-F
 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1):

Yes
   
No
X

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7):

Yes
   
No
X




 
 

 

COSAN LIMITED

Item
 
1.
Financial Letter for the 4th Quarter and Fiscal Year 2012
2.
Cosan Limited – Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2012 and 2011
3.
Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio – Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2012 and 2011
 
 
 
 

 
 
Item 1
 
 
 
 
Important transformations and
 
solid results marked FY12
 
 
São Paulo, May 30, 2012 – COSAN LIMITED (NYSE: CZZ; BM&FBovespa: CZLQ11) and COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO (BM&FBovespa: CSAN3) announce today their results for the fourth quarter and fiscal year 2012 (4Q12 and FY12), ended March 31, 2012. The results for 4Q12 and FY12 are consolidated in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil (IFRS).
 
 
 
Marcelo Martins
CFO & IRO
 
Guilherme Machado
IR Manager
 
Phillipe Casale
IR Analyst
 
ri@cosan.com.br
www.cosan.com.br/ir
  4Q12 and FY12 Highlights
     
     
 
Consolidated revenue grows 33.4% to R$ 24.1 billion.
     
 
Raízen Combustíveis reaches EBITDA margin record of R$70.5/cbm in 4Q12 (excluding non-recurring effects)
     
 
Raízen Energia records EBITDA margin above 30% for the year
     
 
Growth of 27.7% in Rumo’s net revenue for FY12
     
 
Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades continues internationalization process and acquires operation in the United Kingdom
           
         
Summary of Financial Information – Cosan Consolidated
 
4Q12
 
4Q11
 
Amounts in R$ MM
 
 FY12
 FY11
 
5,793.9
 
4,609.3
 
Net Operating Revenue
 
24,096.9
18,063.5
   
642.1
 
1,137.1
 
Gross Profit
 
2,631.9
2,913.4
 
Definitions:
 
4Q12 – quarter ended March 31, 2012
4Q11 – quarter ended March 31, 2011
FY12 – fiscal year beginning on April 1,
2011 and closing on March 31, 2012
FY11 – fiscal year beginning on April 1,
2010 and closing on March 31, 2011
 
 
11.1%
 
24.7%
 
Gross Margin (%)
 
10.9%
16.1%
 
148.4
 
725.8
 
Operating Profit
 
4,195.9
1,312.6
 
367.4
 
1,029.5
 
EBITDA
 
5,338.7
2,672.3
 
6.3%
 
22.3%
 
EBITDA Margin (%)
 
22.2%
14.8%
 
467.8
 
1,029.5
 
Adjusted EBITDA¹
 
2,142.1
2,672.3
 
8.1%
 
22.3%
 
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (%)
 
8.9%
14.8%
 
148.8
 
486.8
 
Net Income before Minority Shareholders
 
2,644.8
776.6
 
149.6
 
480.9
 
Net Income
 
2,605.8
771.6
 
2.6%
 
10.4%
 
Net Margin (%)
 
10.8%
4.3%
                 
   
613.3
 
1,290.7
 
CAPEX2
 
2,136.5
3,037.2
 
3,081.7
 
5,262.7
 
Net Debt
 
3,081.7
5,262.7
 
9,616.4
 
6,784.3
 
Equity and Non-controlling Interests
 
9,616.4
6,784.3
                 
 
Note 1: Net of the effects of Raízen’s formation
Note 2: Net of acquisition of interest in other companies and of cash received from disinvestment
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
Message from the CEO

The fiscal year of 2011/2012 was transformational for Cosan in several aspects.
 
We achieved significant results and underwent major changes in our business profile which have made us more resilient to market adversities.
 
 In June of 2011 we completed the formation of Raízen, our partnership with Shell. After 10 months of operations, Raízen has presented some impressive growth in its results.
 
In July of 2011 we transformed Cosan Alimentos into an independent company, shortly after we acquired that business from Raízen. Cosan Lubrificantes & Especialidades turned to international markets with the acquisition of operations in Bolivia, Uruguay and Paraguay in October of 2011 and, in March of 2012, it signed an agreement to acquire the UK based company Comma Oil and Chemicals Limited, a subsidiary of ExxonMobil.
 
Our strategy is to be a leading Brazilian group on the Energy and Infrastructure businesses. Towards this end, in February of 2012, we announced our intention to buy a stake in the controlling block of America Latina Logística – ALL and in May of 2012, we signed the final agreement for the acquisition of BG Group’s interest in Comgás. As part of our strategy of focusing on these core businesses, we entered into a partnership with Camil, where Cosan Alimentos will be merged with a company that seeks to become a leader in the Brazilian food industry. This partnership will create a powerhouse in the sugar, rice and canned fish businesses. We believe that we can contribute to Camil’s governance but the company’s management will remain under Camil’s current controlling group, which has an unquestionable track record in the food retail business.
 
Cosan believes three important factors could contribute to create value in all of its operations: (1) optimizing its operating efficiencies; (2) capturing opportunities to grow organically its businesses; and (3) maximizing investments by using its holdings in the companies in which it participates.
 
Through these recent strategic movements we reaffirm our commitment with value creation, as well as responsible growth. Our main focus is to balance return on invested capital with growth in dividend yields, which will grow for the third consecutive year.
 
With these new investment opportunities we will vigorously pursue a higher level of value creation for our investors.

Marcos Marinho Lutz
CEO
 
 
2

 
 
A. Business Units
 
As we did in previous quarters, we dedicate a specific section to each business unit with key production data and analysis of its results, from Net Revenue to EBITDA.
 
Our business units are as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
3

 

 
Below we present the results by business unit for the fourth quarter and crop year 2011/2012 for all Cosan Group’s business units, as mentioned above. All information reflects 100% of our business units’ financial performance, regardless of Cosan’s interest in them. Specifically for FY12, which represents April of 2011 to March of 2012, Raízen Combustíveis and Cosan Alimentos results are presented on a pro forma basis so as to allow for comparability.
 
 
Results by Business Unit
 
Amounts in R$ MM
 
Raízen
Energia
   
Raízen
Combustíveis
   
4Q12
Cosan
Alimentos
   
Rumo
   
Other Business
 
Net Operating Revenue
    1,193.2       9,982.0       199.2       74.3       270.9  
Cost of Goods and Services
    (757.1 )     (9,316.7 )     (182.6 )     (77.4 )     (193.0 )
Gross Profit
    436.1       665.3       16.6       (3.1 )     77.9  
Gross Margin (%)
    36.6 %     6.7 %     8.3 %     -4.2 %     28.8 %
Selling Expenses
    (77.6 )     (390.8 )     (25.3 )     -       (38.3 )
General and Administrative Expenses
    (136.6 )     (111.2 )     (3.5 )     (11.7 )     (43.0 )
Other Operating Revenues (Expenses)
    8.7       89.0       6.0       9.0       5.7  
Effects of Raízen's Formation
    -       -       -       -       (100.3 )
Depreciation and Amortization
    258.0       98.6       0.5       26.5       13.8  
EBITDA
    488.7       350.9       (5.7 )     20.6       (84.2 )
EBITDA Margin (%)
    41.0 %     3.5 %     -2.9 %     27.8 %     -31.1 %
EBITDA Margin (R$/cbm)
    -       67.6       -       -       -  
Adjusted EBITDA
    488.7       350.9       (5.7 )     20.6       16.1  
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (%)
    41.0 %     3.5 %     -2.9 %     27.8 %     5.9 %
 
 
Results by Business Unit
 
Amounts in R$ MM
 
Raízen
Energia
   
Raízen
Combustíveis
(Pro forma)
   
FY12
Cosan
Alimentos
(Pro Forma)
   
Rumo
   
Other Business
Net Operating Revenue
    7,247.7       39,691.8       941.6       572.0       1,065.5  
Cost of Goods and Services
    (5,578.3 )     (37,455.7 )     (752.5 )     (394.1 )     (732.9 )
Gross Profit
    1,669.4       2,236.1       189.1       177.9       332.6  
Gross Margin (%)
    23.0 %     5.6 %     20.1 %     31.1 %     31.2 %
Selling Expenses
    (511.4 )     (1,216.7 )     (110.6 )     -       (187.5 )
General and Administrative Expenses
    (454.0 )     (405.7 )     (17.7 )     (41.6 )     (132.8 )
Other Operating Revenues (Expenses)
    (18.2 )     283.3       6.8       19.5       (11.9 )
Effects of Raízen's Formation
    -       -       -       -       3,196.6  
Depreciation and Amortization
    1,550.0       377.1       1.7       57.3       48.4  
EBITDA
    2,235.7       1,304.9       69.3       213.2       3,245.3  
EBITDA Margin (%)
    30.8 %     3.3 %     7.4 %     37.3 %     304.6 %
EBITDA Margin (R$/cbm)
    -       62.4       -       -       -  
Adjusted EBITDA
    2,235.7       1,304.9       69.3       213.2       48.7  
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (%)
    30.8 %     3.3 %     7.4 %     37.3 %     4.6 %
 
 
 
4

 
 
B.1 Raízen Energia
 
The following are the results for Raízen Energia, whose core business is the production and sales of a variety of products derived from sugarcane, including raw sugar (Very High Polarization - VHP), anhydrous and hydrous ethanol, as well as activities related to energy cogeneration from sugarcane bagasse.
 
 
Production Figures
 
In 4Q12, Raízen Energia operated 24 sugar, ethanol and energy cogeneration mills, with a sugarcane crushing capacity of 65 million tonnes of sugarcane per crop year.
 
         
Operational Figures
           
  4Q12       4Q11      
FY12
   
FY11
 
  -       77  
Crushed Sugarcane
    52,958       54,238  
  -       -  
Own (‘000 tonnes)
    26,528       27,400  
  -       77  
Suppliers (‘000 tonnes)
    26,430       26,838  
  -       136.1  
Sugarcane TSR (kg/tonne)
    136.5       138.5  
  -       -  
Mechanization (%)
    85.9 %     79.5 %
             
Production
               
  -       3  
Sugar
    3,969       3,923  
  -       2  
Raw Sugar (‘000 tonnes)
    2,426       2,517  
  -       1  
White Sugar (‘000 tonnes)
    1,543       1,406  
  -       3  
Ethanol
    1,921       2,202  
  -       -  
Anhydrous Ethanol (‘000 cbm)
    688       686  
  -       3  
Hydrous Ethanol (‘000 cbm)
    1,233       1,516  
 
 
The final balance of the 2011/2012 crop in Brazil’s Central-South region shows a crop disruption of 11.4% compared to 2010/2011, according to data from UNICA. Also, only 10 production units were still operating in the first fifteen days of January.
 
The 24 mills of Raízen Energia had already stopped operating by the end of November, and did not record crushing activities in 4Q12. In FY12, crushing totaled 53 million tonnes, a decrease of 2.4% compared to FY11, due to adverse weather conditions that severely affected the Central-South region in the period.
 
The level of harvesting mechanization for Raízen’s sugarcane reached 85.9% in FY12, reflecting the investments made to improve agricultural efficiency. Drought affected the sugarcane in the beginning and at the end of the harvest season in FY12, resulting in a sugarcane TSR level of 136.5 kg/ton, a decrease of 1.4% compared to FY11 (138.5 kg/ton).
 
For the second year in a row, Raízen Energia has renewed its sugarcane fields (own sugarcane) at a rate of more than 20%, lowering the average age of the sugarcane to 3.4 years. Raízen Energia reached a market share of 10.7% in the Central-South region, considering effective crushing at the end of the harvest. Raízen Energia’s production mix in FY12 was more concentrated in sugar, which account for approximately 56% of the sugarcane crushed in the period.
 
 
 
5

 
 
 
Net Revenue

 
  4Q12       4Q11  
Net Revenue Breakdown
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  1,193.2       1,674.0  
Net Operating Revenue
    7,247.7       6,389.2  
  665.6       985.1  
Sugar Sales
    3,912.8       3,853.4  
  258.8       372.0  
Domestic Market
    1,217.4       1,387.3  
  406.9       613.2  
Foreign Market
    2,695.4       2,466.2  
  501.5       666.7  
Ethanol Sales
    2,871.5       2,203.7  
  364.0       641.0  
Domestic Market
    2,245.1       1,958.9  
  137.5       25.8  
Foreign Market
    626.5       244.8  
  1.3       2.3  
Energy Cogeneration
    235.1       186.0  
  24.8       19.8  
Other Products and Services
    228.2       146.0  
 
Raízen Energia recorded net revenue of R$1.2 billion in 4Q12, a decrease of 28.7% over the R$1.7 billion in 4Q11. This reduction is mainly explained by lower volumes of sugar and ethanol sold in 4Q12 (down 25.2% and 23.4% respectively) as compared to 4Q11.
 
Year-on-year, however, net revenue rose 13.4% from R$6.4 billion in FY11 to R$7.2 billion in FY12 as the result of increased revenue from all products and services due to well-designed strategies to anticipate market changes.
 
 
Sugar Sales
 
Revenue from sugar sales rose 1.5% in FY12 over FY11, totaling R$3,912.8 million, representing 54% of Raízen Energia’s total net revenue.
 
Quarter-on-quarter, net revenue from sugar sales dropped 32.4% as compared to the R$985.1 million in 4Q11 to R$665.6 million in 4Q12.
 
This R$319.5 million decrease in 4Q12 was due to the following factors:
 
A decrease of 25.2% in the total volume of sugar sold due to advanced sales to the foreign market in FY12, resulting in a total reduction of R$224.8 million, mostly concentrated in 4Q12.
 
A decrease in the average sugar sales price, which was down 9.6% from R$1,048.1/tonne in 4Q11 to R$947.3/tonne in 4Q12, causing a R$94.7 million drop in total revenue.
 
The sugar sales mix continued to be concentrated in exports in 4Q12 due to prices on foreign markets more attractive than on the local market, and exports represented 68.8% of total revenue from sugar sales in FY12.
 
 
 
6

 
 
 
 
Sugar Inventories

Sugar Inventories
           
      4Q12       4Q11  
´000 tonne
    156.6       97.7  
R$'MM
    107.0       77.6  
R$/tonne
    682.9       794.3  
 
 
 
Ethanol Sales
 
Raízen Energia’s net revenue from ethanol sales totaled R$2.9 billion in FY12, up 30.3% over FY11 (R$2.2 billion), mostly driven by the 32.2% average price increase to R$1,296.1/cbm in FY12, as compared to R$980.6/cbm in FY11.
 
Quarter-on-quarter, net revenue dropped 24.8% from R$666.7 million in 4Q11 to R$501.5 million in 4Q12.
 
This R$165.2 million decrease is basically due to the following factors:
 
A 1.9% reduction in the average ethanol sales price from R$1,262.7/cbm in 4Q11 to R$1,239.2/cbm in 4Q12, representing a decrease of R$12.4 million in net revenue from ethanol sales.
 
A 23.4% drop in the volume of ethanol sold in 4Q12 versus 4Q11, causing net revenue to fall R$152.9 million.
 
This decrease in ethanol prices in 4Q12 was due to the greater supply of the product in the Brazilian market vis-à-vis the demand expected for the quarter, driven by higher imports than the necessary to supply the domestic market with anhydrous ethanol to be blended in gasoline (since October of 2011 this mix has been 20%).
 
 
 
7

 
 
 
 
Ethanol Inventories
 
 
Ethanol Inventories
           
      4Q12       4Q11  
´000 cbm
    79.1       49.6  
R$'MM
    87.9       42.8  
R$/cbm
    1,111.3       862.9  
 
 
Energy Cogeneration
 
In FY12, net revenue from energy sales were R$235.1 million, representing an increase of 26.4% over FY11’s R$186 million.  Volume sold reached 1,491.3 thousand MWh at an average price of R$157.7/MWh.
 
The price of energy sold grew from FY11 to FY12 and the volume of energy sold rose 18.9% in the period, chiefly due to the operational start-up of the cogeneration plants at the Jataí, Barra, Univalem and Ipaussu units that added 258 MW to Raízen Energia’s total capacity. Of Raízen Energia’s 24 mills, 11 sell energy from cogeneration.
 

 
 
8

 
 

Other Products and Services
 
Raízen Energia recorded revenue from other products and services of R$228.2 million in FY12, an increase of 56.3% over FY11, when revenue amounted to R$146.0 million. These revenues derive basically from the sale of steam, molasses, and raw materials to service providers in the agricultural industry.
 

 
Cost of Goods Sold

 
  4Q12       4Q11  
COGS per Product
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (757.1 )     (769.9 )
Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)
    (5,578.3 )     (4,400.5 )
  (430.9 )     (657.1 )
Sugar
    (2,802.1 )     (2,609.1 )
  (405.3 )     (523.7 )
Ethanol
    (2,454.0 )     (2,016.1 )
  (0.1 )     (1.4 )
Energy Cogeneration
    (86.1 )     (102.3 )
  79.3       412.3  
Other
    (236.0 )     327.1  
             
Average Unitary Costs³
               
  (458.9 )     (593.8 )
Cash cost of sugar (R$/tonne)
    (523.8 )     (496.2 )
  (714.7 )     (717.9 )
Cash cost of ethanol (R$/’000 liters)
    (783.9 )     (645.0 )
 
Note 3: Average unit costs represent the cash cost, which is net of plantation and cultivation area depreciation and amortization, agricultural depreciation (machinery and equipment), industrial depreciation, and harvest off-season maintenance.
 
Raízen Energia's cost of goods sold is reported together with the average unit costs, net of the effects of depreciation and amortization (cash cost).
 
Cost of goods sold fell 1.7% from R$769.9 million in 4Q11 to R$757.1 million in 4Q12 due to the lower volumes of sugar and ethanol produced, which were down 24.4% in the period (sugar equivalent).
 
Cost of goods sold amounted to R$5.6 billion in FY12, an increase of 26.8% over FY11. This increase was mainly due to the rise in the average price of goods sold in the period, especially sugar and ethanol—up 5.6% and 21.5%, respectively.
 
The key factors that contributed to the rise in the cost of goods sold by Raízen Energia were:
 
A 24.8% increase in the TSR/kg cost, up from R$0.4022 in FY11 to R$0.5018 in FY12, directly impacting the cost of sugarcane from suppliers and the cost of land leases.
 
An increase in the cost of proprietary sugarcane due to the rise in leasing costs—up from R$10.4 per tonne of sugarcane in FY11 to R$17 per tonne in FY12.
 
A decrease in the TSR level to 136.5 kg/tonne in FY12, compared to 138.5 kg/ton in FY11.
 
The improved productivity of the sugarcane fields—represented by a higher TCH level (tonne of cane per hectare), which was 76 in FY12, up from 73.8 in FY11—partially offset the effects mentioned above.
 
 
 
9

 
 
 
Gross Profit

 
         
Gross Profit and Gross Margin per Product
           
  4Q12       4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  436.1       904.1  
Gross Profit
    1,669.4       1,988.7  
  234.7       328.0  
Sugar
    1,110.7       1,244.3  
  35.3 %     33.3 %
Sugar Gross Margin (%)
    28.4 %     32.3 %
  51.6 %     43.3 %
Sugar (Cash) Gross Margin (%)
    46.6 %     44.7 %
  96.1       143.1  
Ethanol
    417.5       187.7  
  19.2 %     21.5 %
Ethanol Gross Margin (%)
    14.5 %     8.5 %
  42.3 %     43.1 %
Ethanol (Cash) Gross Margin (%)
    39.5 %     34.2 %
  1.2       0.9  
Energy Cogeneration
    149.0       83.6  
  104.1       432.1  
Other
    (7.8 )     473.1  
 
 
In FY12, Raízen Energia recorded Gross Profit of R$1.7 billion, a decrease of 16.1% from the R$2 billion reported in FY11. Gross Profit decreased by 51.8% in the quarter.
 
As explained above, this reduction in Gross Profit in FY12 is due to a steeper rise in the cost of goods sold, which was up 26.8% while net income rose by only 13.4% in the period.
 
Gross cash margins for both sugar and ethanol were up in FY12 as compared to FY11, net of depreciation and amortization.
 
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses

 
         
Selling, General and
           
  4Q12       4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (77.6 )     (134.2 )
Selling Expenses
    (511.4 )     (568.3 )
  (136.6 )     (107.0 )
General and Administrative Expenses
    (454.0 )     (393.0 )
 
Raízen Energia’s selling expenses amounted to R$77.6 million in 4Q12, down 42.2% year-on-year. Selling expenses dropped 10% in FY12 in the year, due to savings with freight and commissions following the transfer of the sugar trading activities in the domestic retail market from to Cosan Alimentos.
 
General and administrative expenses were R$136.6 million in 4Q12, up 27.7% over 4Q11, and R$454 million in FY12, up 15.6% over FY11. This increase reflects the current corporate structure of Raízen Energia and expenses with services provided by the CSC.
 
EBITDA

 
         
EBITDA
           
  4Q12       4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  488.7       910.6  
EBITDA
    2,235.7       2,131.9  
  41.0 %     54.4 %
EBITDA Margin (%)
    30.8 %     33.4 %
 
Raízen Energia recorded EBITDA of R$488.7 million in 4Q12 with EBITDA margin at 41%. EBITDA totaled R$2.2 billion in FY12, up 4.9% over FY11. EBITDA margin reached 30.8% in FY12, down 2.6 p.p. as compared to FY11.
 
 
 
10

 
 

Hedge

 
Volume positions and fixed sugar prices agreed with traders or through derivative financial instruments as of March 31, 2012, and foreign exchange derivatives contracted by Raízen Energia to hedge future cash flows, are as follows:
 
Summary of Hedge Operations at March 31th , 2012
     
      2011 / 2012  
Sugar
       
NY #11
       
Volume (‘000 tonnes)
    1,163.7  
Average Price (¢US$/lb)
    24.5  
London #5
       
Volume (‘000 tonnes)
    1.3  
Average Price (US$/lb)
    653.0  
         
Exchange rate
       
US$
       
Volume (US$ million)
    585.25  
Average Price (R$/US$)
    1.90  
         
Volume to be sold / Hedged (‘000 tonnes)
    2,864.6  
% Sale Protected Sugar / Fixed
    40.7 %
 
 
Impacts of Hedge Accounting

 
Raízen Energia has been using cash flow hedge accounting for certain derivative financial instruments to hedge against the price risk for sugar and against the foreign exchange risk for revenues from sugar exports.
 
The table below shows the expected transfer of gain/loss balances from shareholders’ equity as at March 31, 2012 to the net operating income of Raízen Energia4 in future years, broken down by coverage period for the following hedging instruments:
 
       
Expiration Period - (R$MM)
       
Derivative
Market
Risk
    2011/12       2012/13    
Total
 
Futures
OTC/NYBOT
NY#11
    40.5       0.6       41.1  
NDF
OTC/CETIP
USD
    1.7       -       1.7  
(=) Hedge Accounting impact
        42.2       0.6       42.8  
(-) Deferred Income Tax
        (14.4 )     (0.2 )     (14.5 )
(=) Asset Valuation Adjustment
        27.9       0.4       28.2  
 
Note 4: The table above shows 100% of the hedge accounting gains/losses reclassified to shareholders’ equity. As Cosan proportionately consolidates Raízen Energia, these effects will impact only 50% of the consolidated results.
 
 
 
11

 
 

Investments

 
         
CAPEX
           
  4Q12       4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  848.4       954.6  
Total CAPEX
    2,577.9       2,414.4  
  664.8       687.2  
Operating CAPEX
    1,835.7       1,711.4  
  222.7       177.5  
Biological assets
    942.7       745.0  
  321.0       336.0  
Inter-harvest Maintenance Costs
    605.5       514.2  
  70.2       97.6  
SSMA and Sustaining
    149.2       237.5  
  50.9       76.2  
Mechanization
    138.3       214.7  
  183.5       267.4  
Expasion CAPEX
    742.2       702.9  
  109.0       88.9  
Cogeneration Projects
    462.5       287.6  
  0.2       6.9  
Greenfield
    0.4       66.9  
  -       4.6  
Expasion
    99.4       87.2  
  74.3       166.9  
Others
    179.8       261.2  
 
Raízen Energia recorded Capex of R$848.4 million in 4Q12, a decrease of 11.1% year-on-year (R$954.6 million in 4Q11). Capex totaled R$2.6 billion in FY12, up 6.8% from the R$2.4 billion reported in FY11.
 
Investments in biological assets totaled R$942.7 million in FY12 and are in line with Raízen Energia’s strategy of renewing at least 20% of its sugarcane fields for the 2011/2012 crop year and of expanding planted areas.
 
In 4Q12 we accelerated our HSE (health, safety and the environment) investment plan, totaling R$59.3 million, and advanced off-season maintenance investments by R$194 million. On the cogeneration front, we continued to invest in Barra, Univalem and Ipaussu units, totaling R$109 million.
 
We also recorded R$180 million in “other investments” in FY12, including the capitalization of loan interest for machinery and equipment, and property, plant and equipment under construction at the Ethanol Exports Terminal of Santos (TEAS) and other investments.
 
 
 
12

 
 

A.2 Raízen Combustíveis
 
Below you will find the results of Raízen Combustíveis, the business unit that distributes and trades fuels through a network of franchised Shell and Esso gas stations, in addition to supplying fuels to industrial clients and distributing aviation fuel.
 
Like in previous quarters, Raízen Combustíveis’ results are reported on pro forma and accounting basis to allow for comparability.
 
The major differences between both bases are as follows:
 
 
Accounting
 
 
o  
4Q12 – three months (January, February and March, 2012) of operations of Raízen Combustíveis
 
 
o  
FY12 – ten months (June, 2011 to March, 2012) of operations of Raízen Combustíveis, and two months (April and May, 2011) of operations of the fuels business managed by Cosan (CCL minus the Lubricants business)
 
 
o  
4Q11 – three months (January, February and March, 2011) of operations of the fuels business managed by Cosan (CCL minus the Lubricants business)
 
 
o  
FY11 – twelve months (April, 2010 to March, 2011) of operations of the fuels business managed by Cosan (CCL minus the Lubricants business)
 
 
Pro Forma
 
 
o  
FY12 – ten months (June, 2011 to March, 2012) of operations of Raízen Combustíveis, and two months (April and May, 2011) of the combined carve-out of fuel assets, both of CCL and of Shell.
 
 
o  
4Q11 – three months (January, February and March, 2011) of the combined carve-out of fuel assets, both of CCL and of Shell.
 
 
o  
FY11 – twelve months (April, 2012 to March, 2011) of the combined carve-out of fuel assets, both of CCL and of Shell.
 
The analysis that follows compares the results of 4Q12 (accounting) with 4Q11 (pro forma), and represents the whole of Raízen Combustíveis’s operations. In order to allow comparability, FY12 and FY11 will also be shown on a pro forma basis.
 
 
 
13

 
 
 
Net Revenue

 
Book
4Q12
   
Pro forma
4Q11
   
Pro forma
FY12
   
Pro forma
FY11
 
Net Revenue Breakdown
Amounts in R$ MM
 
Book
4Q12
   
Book
4Q11
   
Book
FY12
   
Book
FY11
 
  9,982.0       8,885.0       39,691.8       35,526.4  
Net Operating Revenue
    9,982.0       2,701.2       35,096.1       10,966.2  
  9,982.0       8,865.6       39,669.9       35,468.5  
Fuel Sales
    9,982.0       2,681.8       35,079.1       10,908.3  
  544.6       702.6       2,337.7       2,908.7  
Ethanol
    544.6       203.1       2,117.9       814.6  
  4,179.3       3,619.3       16,623.1       13,241.1  
Gasoline
    4,179.3       1,265.9       14,674.4       4,656.9  
  3,875.5       3,516.8       15,730.2       15,383.4  
Diesel
    3,875.5       1,185.6       14,051.4       5,325.3  
  1,176.3       863.6       4,312.5       3,127.8  
Jet Fuel
    1,176.3       -       3,632.0       -  
  206.2       163.4       666.4       807.4  
Others
    206.2       27.2       603.3       111.5  
  -       19.3       21.9       57.9  
Other services
    -       19.3       16.9       57.9  
 
Raízen Combustíveis recorded net revenue of R$10 billion in 4Q12, an increase of 12.3% over 4Q11. Compared to 3Q12, net revenue dropped 1% due to seasonal factors in the first months of the year (school vacation), and the lower number of selling days in the quarter.
 
In FY12 the volume of fuels sold reached 20.9 billion liters, generating revenue in the amount of R$39.7 billion, an increase of 11.7% from the R$35.5 billion reported in FY11.
 
Most of the growth in Raízen Combustíveis’s revenue is due to (1) the expansion in the service stations network, which totaled 4,545 sites in 2012, (2) increase in the sales volume following the conversion of nearly 47% of the 1,700 “Esso” stations into the “Shell” brand, (3) increase of 8.7% in the country’s fleet in FY12, (4) a sales mix more focused on gasoline, which has higher margins, and (5) increase of 19.1% and 5.5%, respectively, in the volume of gasoline and aviation kerosene in FY12.
 
In most of Brazil’s states and during almost the whole of the last fiscal year, the average parity between hydrous ethanol and gasoline prices, weighted by the fleet, was above 70%, making owners of flex fuel cars choose gasoline. This caused a reduction in the volume of ethanol sold and an increase in the volume of gasoline sold.
 
 
 
 
 
14

 
 

Inventories
 
Fuels Inventories
 
Book
   
Pro forma
 
    4Q12     4Q11  
000' cbm
    410.8       648.2  
R$'MM
    730.5       754.6  
R$/cbm
    1,778.0       1,164.1  

Inventories fell 36.6% in 4Q12 compared to 4Q11 due to operational synergies between the Esso and Shell networks, causing the necessary inventory to be smaller for the current structure of Raízen Combustíveis. In selling days, inventories were at 8 days, as compared to 9 days in 4Q11.
 
 
Cost of Goods Sold

 
Book
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
COGS
 
Book
   
Book
   
Book
   
Book
 
 4Q12      4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
Amounts in R$ MM
   4Q12      4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (9,316.7 )     (8,419.3 )     (37,455.7 )     (33,659.8 )
Fuel Sales
    (9,316.7 )     (2,580.8 )     (33,144.5 )     (10,499.3 )
                             
Average Unit Cost (R$/cbm)
                               
  (1,793.7 )     (1,698.2 )     (1,790.9 )     (1,614.5 )
Fuel Sales
    (1,793.7 )     (1,814.8 )     (1,789.0 )     (1,741.6 )
 
Because gasoline and diesel—which have a higher unit cost than ethanol—prevailed in the sales mix, the cost of goods sold increased by 10.7% to R$9.3 billion in 4Q12. Compared to 3Q12, the cost of goods sold dropped 2.2% due to the lower volume sold in the period.
 
In FY12, the cost of goods sold reached R$37.5 billion and the average unit price was R$1,791/cbm, 10.9% higher than in FY11.
 
 
Gross Profit

 
Book
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
Gross Profit
 
Book
   
Book
   
Book
   
Book
 
 4Q12      4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
Amounts in R$ MM
   4Q12      4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
  665.3       465.7       2,236.1       1,866.6  
Gross Profit
    665.3       120.3       1,951.6       466.9  
  6.7 %     5.3 %     5.6 %     5.3 %
Gross Margin (%)
    6.7 %     4.5 %     5.6 %     4.3 %
  128.1       93.9       106.9       89.5  
Gross margin (R$/cbm)
    128.1       84.6       105.3       77.4  
 
Raízen Combustíveis recorded Gross Profit of R$665.3 million, up 42.9% over 4Q11. This improvement represented an increase of 1.4 p.p. in the gross margin, to 6.7% in 4Q12. Gross Profit amounted to R$2.2 billion in FY12, and the gross margin was 5.6% in the period.
 
Measured in R$ per cbm, the gross margin was R$128.1/cbm in 4Q12, an increase of 36.4% compared to the margin of R$93.9/cbm recorded in 4Q11. In FY12, the gross margin totaled R$106.9/cbm. The increase, both in the year and the quarter, reflect the synergies and also is due to the allocation of transfer freights in selling expenses line, previously recorded under costs.
 
 
 
15

 
 

Selling, General & Administrative Expenses

 
Book
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
Selling, General and Administrative
 
Book
   
Book
   
Book
   
Book
 
4Q12     4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
Amounts in R$ MM
  4Q12     4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (397.9 )     (240.2 )     (1,216.7 )     (1,037.5 )
Selling Expenses
    (397.9 )     (73.1 )     (1,095.6 )     (280.9 )
  (111.2 )     (135.3 )     (405.7 )     (394.7 )
General and Administrative Expense
    (111.2 )     (26.8 )     (349.8 )     (91.5 )
 
Raízen Combustíveis recorded selling expenses of R$ 397.9 million in 4Q12, an increase of 65.7% over 4Q11. As reported in previous quarters, the key driver of this increase was the change in the classification of transfer freights, that since 2Q12 have been reported in selling expenses and before were included in cost of goods sold.. Additionally, the portion of the depreciation referring to the revaluation of assets contributed to the formation of Raízen Combustíveis has increased selling expenses by nearly R$52 million without impacting the company’s cash and EBITDA. For the year, selling expenses amounted to R$1.2 billion.
 
General and administrative expenses totaled R$111.2 million in 4Q12, a decrease of 17.8% compared to 4Q11, reflecting the current structure of Raízen Combustíveis. General and administrative expenses amounted to R$405.7 million in FY12.
 
During the quarter we recorded other operating revenues in the amount of R$89 million referring to merchandising fees, royalties from convenience stores, revenue from leases, fees from the sale of Shell lubricants at Raízen Combustíveis’ gas stations, and revenue from the sale of assets, among other revenues. After several quarters we consider that variations among the fiscal year quarters, is inherent to the nature of the business and no adjustments should be required.
 
Revenues from royalties received for the licensing of convenience stores are accounted for under “other operating revenues” and totaled R$29.1 million in FY12. These revenues were previously reported under net revenue in the “other services” line. At the close of fiscal year 2012, 647 convenience stores were in operation.
 
 
EBITDA

 
Book
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
EBITDA
 
Book
   
Book
   
Book
   
Book
 
4Q12     4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
Amounts in R$ MM
  4Q12     4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
  350.9       189.6       1,304.9       724.7  
EBITDA
    350.9       71.8       1,149.7       248.0  
  3.5 %     2.1 %     3.3 %     2.0 %
EBITDA Margin (%)
    3.5 %     2.7 %     3.3 %     2.3 %
  67.6       38.2       62.4       34.8  
EBITDA Margin (R$/cbm)
    67.6       50.5       62.1       41.1  
 
Raízen Combustíveis’s EBITDA was R$350.9 million in 4Q12, with a margin of R$67.6/cbm, equivalent to 3.5% of net revenue. Adjusted for the non-recurring effects of additional annual bonus amount of R$15.0 million, the margin would have been at R$70.5/cbm.
 
Compared to 4Q11, EBITDA rose 85.1%, not only due to a better mix of products sold and volume growth but mostly because of the synergies captured in this first year of Raízen’s operations. Raízen Combustíveis’s EBITDA amounted to R$1.3 billion in FY12, up from R$724.7 million in FY11.
 
EBITDA margin reached R$62.4/cbm in FY12, much higher than the guidance disclosed to the market when Raízen was formed of R$43/cbm for the first year of operations.
 
 
 
16

 
 
 
Investments

 
Book
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
CAPEX
 
Book
   
Book
   
Book
   
Book
 
4Q12     4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
Amounts in R$ MM
  4Q12     4Q11    
FY12
   
FY11
 
  196.2       117.6       499.3       365.6  
CAPEX
    196.2       102.0       491.7       191.6  
 
Raízen Combustíveis’s CAPEX was R$196.2 million in 4Q12 and R$499.3 million in FY12. In 4Q12 and FY12, the company invested in new contracts and contract renewal with dealers, rebranding of “Esso” stations under the “Shell” brand, maintenance of the network of dealer stations, and in health, safety and the environment (HSE).
 
 
 
17

 
 
 
B.3 Rumo Logística
 
Below you will find the results of Rumo, Cosan’s logistics business responsible for providing integrated logistics services—including transportation, storage and port elevation of sugar and other agricultural commodities—both for Raízen and third parties.
 
 
Net Revenue

 
         
Net Revenue Breakdown
           
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  74.3       84.4  
Net Operating Revenue
    572.0       448.0  
  53.6       56.3  
Transportation
    413.4       305.8  
  17.5       15.3  
Loading
    141.0       118.1  
  3.2       12.8  
Others
    17.6       24.1  
 
Rumo’s net revenue totaled R$74.3 million in 4Q12, a decrease of 12% compared to the R$84.4 million recorded in 4Q11. This decrease is due to the disruption in 2011/2012 crop in Brazil’s Central-South region.
 
In FY12, however, net revenue rose 27.7% compared to FY11, reaching R$572 million. This result is mainly due to (1) the increase of 52.2% in the volume of sugar transported in FY12 compared to FY11, and (2) higher prices because of longer routes in the mix operated in FY12.
 
Net revenue from sugar transportation—including volumes originated by Rumo and ALL —amounted to R$413.4 million in FY12, an increase of 35.2% over the amount recorded in FY11 and accounting for 72.3% of Rumo’s overall net revenue. Of the total volume transported in FY12, 60% was originated from Raízen Energia.
 
Rumo’s elevation volume was 7,759 thousand tonnes in FY12, an increase of 3.7% compared to FY11. The effects of the sugarcane crop failure, which resulted in lower sugar than expected export volumes, were partially minimized by the elevation of other products such as soybeans and soybean meal in the off-season period (November of 2011 to March of 2012).
 
The average consolidated revenue per tonne elevated in FY12 was up 23.0% over FY11 to R$74.0/tonne.
 
According to UNICA, based on data from the Brazilian Foreign Trade Office (SECEX), the Port of Santos was responsible for 68.5% of the total volume of sugar exported by Brazil. Therefore, Rumo transported nearly 46% of the total volume of sugar exported from the Port of Santos, and 31% of the total sugar exported by the country in 2011/2012 crop season.
 
 
 
18

 
 
 
 
Note 5: Total net revenue divided by elevation volume
 

Cost of Services Provided

 
  4Q12       4Q11  
Costs of Services
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (77.4 )     (58.2 )
Cost of Services Provided
    (394.1 )     (316.4 )
 
Rumo’s cost of services provided includes railway and highway freight, port elevation, transshipment and storage costs in upstate São Paulo and at the Port of Santos.
 
Rumo’s cost of services provided amounted to R$77.4 million in 4Q12, an increase of 33% over 4Q11. In FY12, the cost of services provided reached R$394.1 million, up 24.6%. As a percentage of the net revenue, cost of services provided was 68.9% in FY12 (70.6% in FY11). This reduction of 1.7 p.p. was due to the higher volume of sugar transported in FY12, increasing cost dilution.
 
 
Gross Profit

 
         
Gross (Loss) Profit and Margin
           
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (3.1 )     26.2  
Gross (Loss) Profit
    177.9       131.6  
  -4.2 %     31.0 %
Gross Margin (%)
    31.1 %     29.4 %
 
Rumo recorded gross loss of R$3.1 million in 4Q12 due to amortization on intangible assets in railways amounting R$13.8 million recorded in 4Q12, with no impacts on EBITDA. Gross Profit totaled R$177.9 million in FY12, an increase of 35.2% over FY11. The gross margin increased by 1.7 p.p. to 31.1% in FY12, which shows operational improvement and a higher dilution of the operation’s fixed costs.
 
 
 
19

 
 
 
General and Administrative Expenses

 
         
General and Administrative Expenses
 
Expenses
       
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (11.7 )     (8.3 )
General and Administrative Expenses
    (41.6 )     (29.1 )
 
General and administrative expenses totaled R$11.7 million in 4Q12, an increase of 41% compared to 4Q11. Compared to FY11, general and administrative expenses rose 43% to R$41.6 million in FY12. This increase in expenses is basically due to the reformulation of Rumo’s managerial staff in FY12 as well as expenses related to the Shared Services Center which in FY11 were not considered.
 
 
EBITDA

 
         
EBITDA and Margin
           
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  20.6       28.3  
EBITDA
    213.2       146.2  
  27.8 %     33.5 %
EBITDA Margin (%)
    37.3 %     32.6 %
 
Rumo’s EBITDA was R$213.2 million for FY12 with margin at 37.3%, an increase of 45.8% and 4.7 p.p., respectively, compared to FY11. This increase is in line with Rumo’s investment plan, announced in 2010.
 
 
Investments

 
         
CAPEX
           
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  45.6       53.3  
CAPEX
    269.0       427.9  
 
Rumo’s investments totaled R$269 million in FY12, a decrease of 37.1% compared to FY11. The lower amount invested in this crop year is due to delays in obtaining licenses from government authorities for the expansion and duplication of permanent ways. Some of these licenses were issued at the end of FY12, allowing Rumo to resume investments in FY13.
 
Of Rumo’s total investments, nearly R$500 million should be invested in FY13 (R$450 million) and FY14 (R$50 million). In line with Rumo’s investment plan, the acquisition of locomotives and freight cars has already been completed and other investments, like in permanent ways, construction and remodeling of dry terminals, as well as the remodeling of the port terminal in Santos, are underway.
 
 
 
20

 
 
 
B.4 Cosan Alimentos
 
Below we report the results of Cosan Alimentos, a company established in July of 2011 and in charge of purchasing, packing and distributing sugar in the Brazilian retail market.
 
For comparability purposes, Cosan Alimentos’s results are reported both on accounting and pro forma bases, as follows:
 
 
Accounting
 
 
o  
4Q12 – three months (January, February and March, 2012) of operations of Cosan Alimentos;
 
 
Pro Forma
 
 
o  
4Q11 – three months (January, February and March,2011) of operations of Cosan Alimentos, ascertained on a managerial basis in line with the principles currently in effect;
 
 
o  
FY11 – twelve months (April, 2010 to March, 2011) of operations of Cosan Alimentos, ascertained on a managerial basis in line with the principles currently in effect;
 
 
o  
FY12 – twelve months (April, 2011 to March, 2012) of operations of Cosan Alimentos, ascertained on a managerial basis in line with the principles currently in effect;
 
 
Net Revenue

 
Book
   
Pro forma
 
Net Revenue Breakdown
 
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  199.2       228.6  
Net Operating Revenue
    941.6       877.8  
  177.5       204.1  
Refined sugar sales
    843.6       786.2  
  11.9       15.8  
Cristal sugar sales
    50.6       55.4  
  9.8       8.6  
Special sugar sales
    47.4       36.2  
 
Cosan Alimentos’s recorded net revenue of R$941.6 million in FY12, an increase of 7.3% compared to net revenue of R$877.8 million recorded in FY11. Refined sugar sales represented 89.5% of the total net revenue, and sales of special sugars, which include products like União Light, Organic, Premium, sachets and others, amounted to R$47.4 million in FY12, an increase of 30.9% in the year.
 
Even though Cosan Alimentos’s net revenue increased from FY11 to FY12, it dropped 12.9% to R$29.4 million in 4Q12 as compared to 4Q11. This reduction is mainly due to refined sugar inventories in the market, which started the off-season period (December of 2011) at high levels, and were sold with discounts during the 4Q12, pushing prices down.
 
 
 
21

 
 
 
 
Sugar Inventories
 
Sugar Inventories    
 
4Q12
 
´000 ton     20.0  
R$'MM
    23.8  
R$/ton
    1,189.2  
 
 
Cost of Goods Sold

 
Book
   
Pro forma
 
COGS
 
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (182.6     (183.9
Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)
    (752.5     (670.9
  (161.2 )     (163.0 )
Refined sugar
    (669.9 )     (595.9 )
  (12.1 )     (15.2 )
Cristal sugar
    (46.7 )     (52.3 )
  (9.3 )     (5.7 )
Special sugar
    (36.0 )     (22.7 )
 
In FY12 the cost of goods sold by Cosan Alimentos reached R$752.5 million, up 12.2% in the year.  This increase is explained by the 26.1% rise in raw sugar prices (ESALQ VHP) on the foreign market—which is the calculation basis for Cosan Alimentos’s main raw material—up from R$700.9/tonne in FY11 to R$884.1/tonne in FY12.
 
As explained in previous quarters, most of Cosan Alimentos’s volumes are guaranteed through long-term contracts with the main supplier, Raízen Energia. The goal of this strategy is to ensure the supply of raw material throughout the crop year, thus avoiding spot purchases, with more volatile prices.
 
 
 
22

 
 
 
Gross Profit

 
Book
   
Pro forma
 
Gross Profit and Margin
 
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  16.6       44.7  
Gross Profit
    189.1       206.9  
  8.3 %     19.6 %
Gross Margin (%)
    20.1 %     23.6 %
 
Gross Profit dropped 8.6% to R$189.1 million in FY12, down from R$206.9 million in FY11. This decrease reflects the combination of the lower sales volume in FY12, together with the increase in raw material costs of Cosan Alimentos, which had the biggest impact on the 4Q12 results.
 
 
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses

 
Book
   
Pro forma
 
Selling, General and Administrative
 
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (25.3 )     (29.4 )
Selling Expenses
    (110.6 )     (115.1 )
  (3.5 )     (3.4 )
General and Administrative Expenses
    (17.7 )     (15.0 )
 
Selling expenses reached R$110.6 million in FY12, a decrease of 3.9% compared to FY11, primarily due to the lower volume of sugar sold as most of these expenses are variable, like freight and commissions.
 
General and administrative expenses totaled R$17.7 million in FY12, an increase of 18% compared to FY11, due to the creation of a corporate structure to support Cosan Alimentos, generating expenses that had not been accounted for to date, including those related to the Shared Services Center.
 
EBITDA

 
Book
   
Pro forma
 
EBITDA and Margin
 
Pro forma
   
Pro forma
 
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (5.7 )     12.4  
EBITDA
    69.3       75.6  
  -2.9 %     5.4 %
EBITDA Margin (%)
    7.4 %     8.6 %
 
Cosan Alimentos recorded EBITDA of R$69.3 million in FY12, an decrease of 8.3% compared to FY11. The EBITDA margin was 7.4% in FY12. In 4Q12, EBITDA was negative R$5.7 million.
 
 
 
23

 
 
 
A.5 Other Businesses
 
Below we report the results for our Other Businesses, which consist of manufacturing, distribution and marketing activities for lubricants under Mobil brand and Base Oils, investments in rural properties and other investments, plus the corporate structure of Cosan Group business units, excluding for Raízen.
 
Net Revenue

 
         
Net Revenue Breakdown
           
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  270.9       210.7  
Net Operating Revenue
    1,065.5       829.1  
  241.6       210.7  
Lubricant Sales
    1,018.8       827.6  
  29.3       -  
Other Products and Services
    46.7       1.5  
 
The lubricants and specialties business recorded net revenue of R$241.6 million in 4Q12, an increase of 14.7% compared to the R$210.7 million in 4Q11.
 
This increase is due to a larger volume of Premium lubricants sold and to the beginning of base oil distribution operation. Base oil which is one of the raw material for manufacturing lubricants was added to Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades’s portfolio in 1Q12. Also, the company started distributing lubricants in three more countries in January of 2012—Bolivia, Uruguay and Paraguay
 
The sales volume increased 39.5% in FY12 to 216.7 million leaders. In spite of the increase in the volume sold and product revenues, the addition of base oil to the mix contributed to the reduction in the average unit price, which was R$ 4,724/thousand liters in 4Q12, up from R$5,181/thousand liters in 4Q11.
 
For the year, the net revenue of Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades was R$1.0 billion, an increase of 23.1% compared to FY11 R$827.6 million. The volume sold was 30.2% higher in FY12, reaching 216.7 million liters.
 
Revenue from other products and services consists of land leased by Cosan to Raízen Energia, as well as revenues from the sale of base oils and amounted to R$56.7 million in FY12.
 

 
 
24

 
 
 
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses

 
         
Selling, General and Administrative
           
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (38.3 )     (60.7 )
Selling Expenses
    (187.5 )     (175.2 )
  (43.0 )     (7.9 )
General and Administrative Expenses
    (132.8 )     (27.3 )
 
Selling expenses dropped 36.9% in 4Q12 compared to 4Q11 due to a dilution of marketing and promotional actions throughout FY12 as opposed to FY11, when expenses were more concentrated in the last quarter.
 
Selling expenses increased 7.0% in FY12, primarily due to an increase in volumes, leading to an increase in freight expenses and the collection of used oils as current legislation requires that these wastes be collected and disposed of correctly.
 
General and administrative expenses totaled R$43 million in 4Q12, up from R$7.9 million in 4Q11. However, general and administrative expenses were down 15.5% quarter-on-quarter. It is important to mention this item includes expenses with Cosan’s corporate structure, which was previously allocated to sugar, ethanol and cogeneration segment, currently Raízen Energia.
 
 
EBITDA

 
         
EBITDA and Margin
           
4Q12     4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (84.2 )     17.2  
EBITDA
    3,245.3       146.5  
  (100.3 )     -  
Effects of Raízen Formation
    3,196.6       -  
  16.1       17.2  
Adjusted EBITDA
    48.7       146.5  
  5.9 %     8.2 %
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (%)
    4.6 %     17.7 %
 
Other Businesses recorded a negative EBITDA of R$ 84.2 million in 4Q12, lower in the period due to the allocation of general and administrative expenses from other business units that were accounted for under their respective units in previous periods. During fiscal year 2012, the result was also impacted by provision for legal contingencies from the businesses contributed to Raízen that, under the agreement, remain the responsibility of Cosan.
 
During the quarter, the company recognized a negative effect of R$100.3 million in the Other Businesses line due to Cosan’s and Shell’s finalization of the adjustments in the assets contributed to the formation of Raízen. With this, in FY12 the result of the formation of Raízen was R$3.2 million (non-cash effect), bringing Adjusted EBITDA of Other Businesses was R$48.7 million, with EBITDA margin at 4.6%.
 
 
 
25

 
 

 
B. Other Items in the Consolidated Result
 
Financial Result

 
         
Financial Results
           
  4Q12       4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  (82.3 )     (109.5 )
Gross Debt Charges
    (352.9 )     (523.1 )
  30.0       31.9  
Income from Financial Investments
    131.2       117.3  
  (52.3 )     (77.6 )
(=) Subtotal: Gross Debt Interests
    (221.7 )     (405.8 )
  (14.2 )     (4.1 )
Other Charges and Monetary Variation
    (125.5 )     (47.3 )
  85.6       67.9  
Exchange Rate Variation
    (93.9 )     282.7  
  (18.4 )     48.4  
Gains (Losses) with Derivatives
    (4.4 )     54.8  
  (22.8 )     (47.8 )
Others
    (28.6 )     (31.1 )
  (22.1 )     (13.2 )
(=) Financial, Net
    (474.1 )     (146.7 )
 
In 4Q12, we posted financial expenses of R$22.1 million, compared to expenses of R$13.2 million in the same period of the previous year.
 
Net financial result for FY12 was an expense of R$474.1 million, versus an expense of R$146.7 million in FY12, mainly due to a positive exchange variation in FY11 in the amount of R$282.7 million, as compared to a negative variation of R$93.9 million in FY12.
 
In FY12, charges on gross debt fell 32.5% as compared to the previous year, while the balance of consolidated debt fell approximately 30% from R$7.1 billion on March 31, 2011 to R$5.0 billion on March 31, 2012. This decrease was due to a change in the debt profile and the effects of the proportional consolidation of Raízen’s debt since 1Q12. In 4Q12, charges decreased about 25% quarter-on-quarter due to the same reasons mentioned above.
 
Gains from marketable securities totaled R$131.2 million in FY12, compared to R$117.3 million in FY11, mainly due to the 23.1% increase in the average balance of cash and cash equivalents, together with the impact of the 9.2% increase in the average rate of domestic interest – CDI in the period. In 4Q12, capital gains totaled R$ 30.0 million, compared to R$ 31.9 million in 4Q11, primarily the result of the 0.55% decline in the average cash and cash equivalents balance.
 
The Brazilian real depreciated nearly 12% against the U.S. dollar in FY12 from R$1.6287/US$ as of March 31, 2011 to R$1.8221/US$ as of March 31, 2012, whereas in FY11 the real appreciated nearly 9% against the dollar, from R$1.7810/US$ as of March 31, 2010 to R$1.6287/US$ as of March 31, 2011. In the quarter, the real depreciated 2.9% against the dollar. Therefore, the exchange variation had a material impact on assets and liabilities denominated in dollars, especially the dollar-denominated debt.
 
The derivatives line includes gains and losses with derivatives, except for those instruments used for hedge accounting purposes or the ineffective portion of such instruments and the fair value in the period of the Warrants of the affiliate Radar.
 
 
 
26

 
 

 
Income Tax and Social Contribution

 
         
Income and Social Contribution Tax
           
  4Q12       4Q11  
Amounts in R$ MM
 
FY12
   
FY11
 
  158.7       721.8  
Income Before Income Tax
    3,755.0       1,191.1  
  (10.0 )     (235.0 )
Total of Deferred and Current Income and Social Contribution Taxes
    (1,110.2 )     (414.5 )
  6.3 %     32.6 %
(-) Effective Rate (%)
    29.6 %     34.8 %
                               
  27.0       (208.9 )
Deferred Income Taxes Expenses
    (962.8 )     (329.1 )
  (37.0 )     (26.0 )
Current Income Taxes Expenses
    (147.5 )     (85.4 )
  23.3 %     3.6 %
Effective Rate - Current (%)
    3.9 %     7.2 %
 
Expenses with income tax and social contribution (“IT/SC”) represented 29.6% of our income before tax in FY12, as compared to an effective rate of 34.8% in FY11 and a nominal rate of 34%.
 
The expense with current income tax and social contribution represents the amount disbursed and to be disbursed, net of refunds, recovery and offsetting of taxes of the same type. In FY12, our current income tax rate was 3.9% over our pre-tax income, down from 7.2% in FY11. If we adjusted the income before IT/SC by the effects of Raízen’s formation in the amount of R$3.2 billion, which is mostly subject to effects of deferred IT/SC, our current effective rate would be 26.4%.
 
Compared to FY11, the main reason for the effective IT/SC rate being so low in FY12 at 7.2% is the effect of the exchange variation and gains/losses with derivatives, which are taxed using the cash basis and not the accrual basis. In FY11 we recorded income from exchange variation of R$282.7 million, and in FY12 we recorded an expense of R$93.9 million.
 
 
Net Income

 
In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012, the Company recorded net income of R$2.6 billion, versus R$ 771.6 million in FY11. Excluding the effects of the formation of Raízen, adjusted net income would be R$ 421.9 million, a decrease of approximately 45.3% compared to FY11, mainly due to the negative impacts of the financial result. Adjusted for exchange variation since FY11 the net income adjusted would be approximately R$ 800,0 million.
 
 
 
27

 
 
 
C. Indebtedness
 
At the end of 4Q12, Cosan's consolidated gross debt reached R$4.7 billion, with no significant change over the closing balance of 3Q12, of R$4.8 billion. The components of Raízen’s debt, of which 50% is consolidated by Cosan, are presented below, together with the other components of Cosan Group’s debt.
 
Raízen
 
The combined gross debt of Raízen totaled R$5.6 billion at the end of 4Q12, a 4.7% decrease versus the balance recorded on December 31, 2011.
 
Throughout the quarter, we amortized principal and interest in the amount of R$639.2 million, and raised R$402.5 million through the following credit facilities:
 
 
(i)  
R$319.7 million in foreign exchange contract advances;
 
 
(ii)  
R$82.8 referring to BNDES funding and other facilities for energy cogeneration and sugarcane harvest mechanization projects, among others.
 
It is important to mention that Raízen has a receivable from its shareholder Shell, in the approximate amount of US$500 million, maturing in April of 2013, which resulted in an increase in liquidity and reduction of overall leverage. This receivable from Shell is also proportionately consolidated (50%) by Cosan, but it is not recorded as a cash. For this reason, and for a better understanding of Cosan's leverage capacity, we report the pro forma net debt, which takes into account the cash and cash equivalents and 50% of the Shell receivable for the purpose of calculating the net debt.
 
Cosan and Subsidiaries
 
Gross financial debt was R$1.9 billion in 4Q12, unchanged from 3Q12.
 
Also, subsidiary Rumo Logística raised approximately R$53.4 million through the Finame facility in the fourth quarter to invest in railway assets and port terminals.
 
Cash and cash equivalents reached R$1.6 billion at the end of 4Q12, up from R$1.2 billion in 3Q12, bringing the pro forma net indebtedness to R$2.6 billion, a 3.9% reduction when compared to the end of 3Q12, equivalent to 1.2 times the EBITDA in the last 12 months.
 
 
 
28

 
 
 
Debt by type
                 
Amounts in R$ MM
    4Q12       3Q12    
% ST
 
Senior Notes 2014
    645.3       679.9       1.2 %
Expenses with Debt Placement
    (6.5 )     (7.4 )     42.9 %
BNDES
    1,525.5       1,488.4       11.4 %
Working Capital
    830.8       855.5       0.5 %
Prepaid Exports
    1,014.9       749.4       18.3 %
Senior Notes 2017
    737.2       772.1       1.1 %
Advances on Exchange Contracts
    276.7       498.9       100.0 %
Credit Notes
    105.8       351.4       100.0 %
Finame
    203.7       220.8       33.4 %
Finem
    222.3       219.0       19.8 %
Rural credit
    40.9       40.3       100.0 %
PROINFA
    27.2       28.6       14.2 %
Expenses with Placement of Debt
    (12.2 )     (11.1 )     22.0 %
Total Raízen
    5,611.7       5,885.6       0.0 %
Raízen Consolidated ( 50% RAIZEN after 01-05)
    2,805.9       2,942.8       0.0 %
                         
Finame
    632.8       594.8       10.9 %
Expenses with Placement of Debt
    (1.1 )     (1.1 )     22.4 %
Perpetual Bonds
    930.1       958.0       1.2 %
Credit Notes
    341.2       332.2       0.0 %
Expenses with Placement of Debt
    (11.0 )     (12.0 )     19.0 %
Total Cosan
    1,892.0       1,872.0          
                         
Total Consolidated
    4,697.9       4,814.8          
Availabitity
    1,616.2       1,194.9          
Net Debt
    3,081.7       3,619.9          
Capital Subscription to be Paid from Shell to Raízen (50%)
    489.9       923.2          
Adjusted Net Debt
    2,591.9       2,696.7          
 
 
 
29

 
 
 
D. Market Overview
 
According to data from UNICA, the Center-South (CS) region crushed 493.264 million tonnes of sugarcane in the 2011/2012 crop, a decrease of 11.4% over the same period in the previous crop year. The lower availability of sugarcane for this crop year is due to agricultural and climate factors, the latter including drought and two frosts. These facts and the lack of investments in sugarcane plantations due to the 2008 crisis resulted in a productivity of less than 70 t/ha in the Center-South.
 
Due to high prices in the international markets, the mix of sugar production increased from 44.71% to 48.43%, while mix of ethanol represented 51.57% in the 2011/2012 harvest. The production totaled 31.3 million tonnes of sugar, a decrease of 6.5% and 20.5 billion liters of ethanol, a reduction of 19.1% if compared to 2010/2011 harvest.

 
Sugar

 
 
Source: ESALQ, Bloomberg, Cosan
 
 
The 2011/2012 crop year is the third consecutive year of growth in sugar production, mainly driven by higher prices. Considering historical data, global production grew by 31% in the decade ending with the 2011/2012 crop, and is expected to reach 178.1 million tonnes. The sugar production supply was the main driver of this higher growth rate.
 
Differently than anticipated sugar prices in the Brazilian domestic market were not affected by seasonal factors in the 2011/12 crop. During the peak of the CS crop, the price of the 50-kg sack reached R$70, when a decrease in prices was expected, whereas in the off-season (December and January) the price was approximately R$57. This unusual behavior caused a reaction in the market, with most industrial consumers advancing their purchases out of fear of a price increase, leading to a lower spot demand in the off-season. As a result, many mills had to liquidate their product inventories in order to generate cash, and supply was higher than demand.
 
Exports in the CS were 2.5 million tonnes lower than in the previous crop, totaling 21.5. The main drivers of this reduction were the decrease in production and in the international demand from some countries, which maintained their excess inventories. Out of total exports, raw sugar exports reached 18.4 million tonnes, and white sugar (granulated and
 
 
 
30

 
 
 
refined) exports reached only 3.06 million tonnes. The main destinations of raw sugar exports were China, Egypt, the European Union and Algeria. As for the white sugar market, the main importers were Yemen, Ghana and Colombia.  
 
In Western Europe, Germany and France had record crops. French productivity recorded an increase of more than 50%, contributing to a 20% increase in sugar production, totaling 4.8 million tonnes. Production in Germany was 32% higher than in the previous year at 4.6 million tonnes. The availability of these countries caused European Union exports to reach the limit established by the WTO of 1.370 million tonnes, and the out-of-quota sugar (only targeted at exports, industrial consumers and the fuel industry) to be reallocated to the quota system (solely targeted at the domestic market).
 
The Russian crop saw record production, reflecting the region's expansion and the increase in agricultural productivity, supported by extremely favorable weather conditions. Sugar production in the country increased by 85%, from 2.9 to 5.5 million tonnes (raw value). Consumption in the country reached 5 million tonnes, which limited imports to less than 600,000 tonnes, versus a historical 1.8 million.
 
India exceeded initial expectations, with an estimated production of 27.8 million tonnes of sugar (raw value); For the second consecutive year, the country was an active participant in the international market of white sugar exports. The government provided incentives to sugarcane suppliers by increasing the minimum sugarcane price and the salary of sugarcane field workers. This action prevented artisanal sugar producers from competing against traditional mills, which led to an increase in production in the Uttar Pradesh region, for instance, which grew from 200,000 tonnes to 6.5 million tonnes. Despite the increase in production, the government continued to control local inventories through compulsory monthly sales and export licenses.
 
The 2011/2012 crop in Thailand has been increasing for the second consecutive year. With an industrial yield higher than last year’s, a 9.5% increase in production is expected, to 11.3 million tonnes of sugar. Throughout the 2011/2012 crop, the CS region of Brazil faced strong competition from Thai sugar, which had a greater competitive advantage in logistics for some regions of East Asia and the Middle East.
 
China, with a domestic deficit of approximately 3 million tonnes, maintained its position as the world's largest raw sugar importer. In 4Q11, China imported more than 600,000 tonnes of raw sugar, mainly from the Central-South region of Brazil. Sugarcane and beet crops ended the period with production lower than expected. The advanced celebration of the Chinese New Year (in January, instead of February), which caused the weekly crushing to decrease earlier than usual, and the reduction in industrial yield, were the main reasons for a decrease in production from 12.5 to 12.2 million tonnes.
 
The raw sugar price reached an average of ¢US$24.53/lb in 4Q12, 6.8% lower than in 3Q12, when the highest price, of ¢US$31.34/lb, was recorded. In 4Q12, the price was 19.7% lower than the average price of ¢US$30.54/lb recorded in 4Q11.
 
Refined sugar in the foreign market recorded an average price of US$639.83/tonne in the period, 9.8% lower than in 3Q12, and 14.8% lower than in 4Q11, with an average premium of US$99.00/tonne for white sugar, versus US$114.0/tonne in 4Q11 and US$101.7/tonne in 3Q12.
 
 
 
31

 
 
 
 
Based on data provided by the Central Bank, the Brazilian real appreciated against the dollar in 4Q12, reaching an average of R$1.77/US$, 1.6% lower than the average for the previous quarter. In the analyzed period, the exchange rate reached R$1.87/US$, due to the maintenance of a debt crisis scenario in Europe (Portugal, Italy, Greece and Spain), and also due to the unstable economic scenario in the United States. The closing rate in the period was R$1.82/US$, versus R$1.63/US$ in March of 2011 and R$1.87/US$ in December of 2011.
 
In the domestic sugar market, the average price of granulated sugar in 4Q12, as per ESALQ, was R$58.15 per 50-kg sack, or ¢US$30.67/lb, representing a 4.1% quarter-on-quarter reduction but 0.4% year-on-year increase.
 
 
Ethanol

 
 
Source: ESALQ, Bloomberg, Cosan
 
The 2011/2012 ethanol crop was marked by significant concern by the Brazilian government in terms of ensuring the availability of ethanol during the off-season. Two measures stood out, one being the mandatory inventories of anhydrous ethanol at the mills and distributors, a measure that takes effect in the 2012/2013 crop. This mandatory volume took into account, among other aspects, the percentage of sales in the previous year. The other measure, which was immediate and implemented in October of 2011, was the reduction, from 25% to 20% of the mix of anhydrous ethanol in gasoline. This reduction measure enabled some mills to hydrate the anhydrous ethanol in order to sell it as hydrous, keeping more competitive prices for this product during the off-season.
 
With the ethanol/gasoline parity more focused on gasoline in most of the country, mills focused their production in anhydrous ethanol, increasing the share of this type of fuel by nearly 10 percentage points in the Center-South, when compared to the 2010/2011 crop.
 
According to UNICA, 7.4 billion liters of anhydrous ethanol and 13.1 billion liters of hydrous ethanol were produced, a volume 0.71% higher and 27.2% lower than the 2010/11 crop in the Center-South, respectively. Overall, ethanol production decreased by 6.5%.
 
The average price of hydrous ethanol, as per ESALQ, was R$1,169.0/m3 in 4Q12, 5.5% lower than in 4Q11, and 6.5% lower than in 3Q12. The average price of anhydrous ethanol was R$1,251.7/m3, showing a decrease of 8.0% from 4Q11, and 8.8% from 3Q11.
 
 
 
32

 
 
 
 
Based on data disclosed by the ANP (National Oil Agency), the average parity of the price of hydrous ethanol in relation to gas in Brazil was 73.1% in 4Q12.
 
In exports, the 2011/2012 crop had a strong flow of sugarcane ethanol exports and corn ethanol imports from the US. Exports were carried out based on the US's need to meet the mandatory demand of advanced fuels (established by the RFS), whereas the domestic market was supplied by a product that had a discount in relation to the product sold on the local market. In the CS region of Brazil, 1.6 billion liters of ethanol were exported, and approximately 950 million liters were imported.
 
 
Fuels

 
According to data from ANFAVEA, more than 2.8 million flex-fuel cars were sold in the period between April of 2011 and March of 2012. In March of 2012, the sale of flex vehicles accounted for 85.9% of total sales.
 
According to SINDICOM, the volume of Diesel sold in the quarter was 10.7 billion liters, 7.8% lower than in the previous year. On the other hand, ethanol sales fall 51.7% to 1.4 billion liters. In the same months, the sales volume of gasoline C reached 7.1 billion liters, an increase of 15.5%, showing that ethanol consumers continued to migrate to gasoline due to price dynamics.
 
 
 
33

 
 
 
 
E. Share Performance
 
The common shares issued by Cosan S.A. have been listed on BM&FBovespa since 2005, the year of its IPO on the “Novo Mercado” segment under the ticker symbol CSAN3, and are included in the portfolios of the Ibovespa, IBrX, IBrX-50, IBrA, MLCX, ICO2, INDX, ICON, IVBX-2, IGC, IGCT and ITAG indexes.
 
The shares issued by Cosan Limited, Cosan S.A.'s parent company, have been listed on NYSE since its IPO in 2007, under the ticker symbol CZZ. The company has also issued share deposit certificates (Brazilian Depositary Receipts - BDR) on the BM&FBovespa under the symbol CZLT11.
 
The tables and graphs below represent the performance of shares issued by the companies:
 
Quarter Summary
CSAN3
 
CZLT11
 
CZZ
Stock Type
Ordinary
 
BDR
 
Class A and B
Listed in
BM&FBovespa
 
BM&FBovespa
 
NYSE
Closing Price in 03/30/2012
R$ 33.96   R$ 27.30  
USD 14.85
Higher Price
R$ 34.70   R$ 27.90  
USD 15.11
Average Price
R$ 30.11   R$ 24.24  
USD 13.63
Lower Price
R$ 26.70   R$ 20.00  
USD 10.
Average Daily Traded Volume
R$  35,4 mi   R$  2,8 mi  
USD 14,8 mi
 
 
 
 
 
34

 
 
 
F. Guidance
 
This section includes the guidance by variation range of some key parameters in the consolidated results of Cosan for the fiscal year of 2013, which began on April 1, 2012 and will end on March 31, 2013. In addition, other parts of this Financial Letter may contain forecasts. Such forecasts and guidance are simply estimates and indications, and do not provide any guarantee of prospective results.
 
This guidance takes into account the operations currently held by the Cosan group, which include Raízen Energia, Raízen Combustíveis, Rumo, and Other Businesses.
 
     
FY11
 
FY12
 
FY 2013
Cosan
Consolidated
Net Revenue (R$MM)
 
18,063
 
24,097
   26,000 ≤ ∆ ≤ 29,000
EBITDA (R$MM)
    2,671    2,142    2,200 ≤ ∆ ≤ 2,500
CAPEX (R$MM)
    2,500  
2,137
   2,100 ≤ ∆ ≤ 2,400
               
 
Volume of crushed sugarcane (‘000 tons)
    54,238  
52,958
   52,000 ≤ ∆ ≤ 55,000
Raízen Energia
Volume of sugar sold (‘000 tons)
    4,291  
3,969
   3,900 ≤ ∆ ≤ 4,200
Volume of ethanol sold (millions of liters)
    2,247  
1,921
   1,850 ≤ ∆ ≤ 2,050
 
Volume of energy sold (‘000 MWh)
    1,254  
1,233
   1,650 ≤ ∆ ≤ 1,850
 
EBITDA (R$MM)
    2,130  
2,235
   2,200 ≤ ∆ ≤ 2,500
               
Raízen
Volume of fuel sold (millions of liters)
    -  
20,914
   21,000 ≤ ∆ ≤ 23,000
Combustíveis
EBITDA (R$MM)
    -  
1,305
  1,300 ≤ ∆ ≤ 1,500
               
Rumo
Volume of loading (‘000 tons)
    7,841  
7,759
    8,000 ≤ ∆ ≤ 10,000
EBITDA (R$MM)
    146  
213
   260 ≤ ∆ ≤ 300
               
Other
Business
Volume of lubricants and
base oil sold (millions of liters)
    166  
205
   220 ≤ ∆ ≤ 260
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Disclaimer

 
This document contains forward-looking statements and estimates. These forward-looking statements and estimates are solely forecasts and do not represent any guarantee of prospective results. All stakeholders should know that these statements and estimates are and will be, depending on the case, subject to risks, uncertainties and factors related to the operations and business environment of Cosan and its subsidiaries, and therefore the actual results of these companies may significantly differ from the estimated or implied prospective results contained in forward-looking statements and estimates
 
 
 
35

 
 
 
 
G. Cosan S.A.
 
Income Statement
 
 
Income Statement
 
Jun'10
   
Sept'10
   
Dec'10
   
Mar'11
   
Mar'10
   
Jun'11
   
Sept'11
   
Dec'11
   
Mar'12
   
Mar'12
 
(in R$ million)
  1Q11     2Q11     3Q11     4Q11    
FY11
    1Q12     2Q12     3Q12     4Q12    
FY12
 
Net Operating Revenue
    3,999.6       4,716.1       4,738.4       4,609.3       18,063.5       5,188.0       6,804.3       6,310.7       5,793.9       24,096.9  
Cost of Goods Sold and Services Rendered
    (3,522.7 )     (3,995.2 )     (4,160.0 )     (3,472.2 )     (15,150.1 )     (4,600.0 )     (6,042.4 )     (5,670.9 )     (5,151.8 )     (21,465.0 )
Gross Profit
    476.9       720.9       578.5       1,137.1       2,913.4       588.0       761.9       639.8       642.1       2,631.9  
Margin
    11.9 %     15.3 %     12.2 %     -23.3 %     16.1 %     11.3 %     11.2 %     10.1 %     -21.7 %     10.9 %
Operating Income (Expenses):
    (339.0 )     (442.6 )     (407.9 )     (411.3 )     (1,600.8 )     2,925.9       (468.3 )     (399.8 )     (493.7 )     1,564.0  
Selling
    (216.1 )     (265.5 )     (271.9 )     (272.5 )     (1,026.0 )     (261.2 )     (295.3 )     (282.0 )     (297.9 )     (1,136.3 )
General and Administrative
    (120.6 )     (137.9 )     (132.4 )     (150.0 )     (541.0 )     (150.0 )     (158.2 )     (147.5 )     (186.2 )     (641.9 )
Other Operating Income (Expenses), Net
    (2.3 )     (39.1 )     (3.6 )     11.3       (33.8 )     22.0       3.2       29.6       90.7       145.6  
Gain on tax recovery program
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Effects of formation of JVs
    -       -       -       -       -       3,315.1       (18.2 )             (100.3 )     3,196.6  
Operating Income
    137.9       278.3       170.5       725.8       1,312.6       3,513.9       293.6       240.0       148.4       4,195.9  
Non-Operating Income (Expenses):
    (124.7 )     88.8       (81.5 )     (4.0 )     (121.5 )     13.2       (394.9 )     (69.4 )     10.3       (440.9 )
Financial results, net
    (130.5 )     86.4       (89.4 )     (13.2 )     (146.7 )     11.2       (393.6 )     (69.5 )     (22.3 )     (474.1 )
Equity income of associates
    5.76       2.36       7.84       9.23       25.19       1.96       (1.30 )     0.01       32.60       33.27  
Income (Loss) Before taxes
    13.2       367.1       89.0       721.8       1,191.1       3,527.1       (101.3 )     170.5       158.7       3,755.0  
Margin
    0.3 %     7.8 %     1.9 %     -3.4 %     6.6 %     68.0 %     -1.5 %     2.7 %     -53.6 %     15.6 %
Income and Social Contribution Taxes
    (11.0 )     (126.2 )     (42.3 )     (235.0 )     (414.5 )     (1,224.6 )     188.2       (63.8 )     (10.0 )     (1,110.2 )
Non-controlling interest
    (1.75 )     10.70       (8.03 )     (5.92 )     (5.00 )     (3.11 )     (23.67 )     (12.97 )     0.80       (38.96 )
Net Income
    0.4       251.5       38.7       480.9       771.6       2,299.3       63.2       93.8       149.6       2,605.8  
Margin
    0.0 %     5.3 %     0.8 %     -1.9 %     4.3 %     44.3 %     0.9 %     1.5 %     -35.9 %     10.8 %
 
 
 
36

 
 
 
Balance Sheet
 
Balance Sheet
 
Jun'10
   
Sept'10
   
Dec'10
   
Mar'10
   
Jun'11
   
Sept'11
   
Dec'11
   
Mar'12
 
(in R$ million)
  1Q11     2Q11     3Q11    
FY11
    1Q12     2Q12     3Q12    
FY12
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
    1,054.9       988.4       1,136.9       1,254.1       1,278.2       1,471.7       1,194.9       1,616.2  
Restricted Cash
    51.3       76.0       276.2       187.9       60.2       52.5       88.1       94.3  
Accounts receivable
    619.1       760.0       657.5       594.9       825.2       983.7       1,022.3       963.6  
Derivatives
    144.5       166.0       180.0       55.7       60.2       29.4       59.6       19.6  
Inventories
    1,066.3       1,626.8       1,642.7       670.3       1,002.0       1,361.8       1,354.4       748.2  
Advances to Suppliers
    323.5       293.9       268.6       229.3       172.2       141.9       110.2       -  
Related Parties
    50.5       21.8       20.8       14.7       680.3       599.7       655.8       678.4  
Recoverable Taxes
    355.4       396.4       401.1       375.0       411.7       416.0       325.0       325.1  
Other financial assets
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       40.1  
Other credits
    46.7       51.3       81.8       80.4       98.9       108.1       115.9       229.8  
Current Assets
    3,712.2       4,380.5       4,665.5       3,462.3       4,588.9       5,164.9       4,926.3       4,715.1  
Deferred Income tax and social contribution
    680.0       744.3       823.5       715.3       1,026.4       959.7       1,108.2       543.0  
Advances to Suppliers
    52.5       65.1       85.5       46.0       27.5       39.6       49.7       21.9  
Related Parties
    79.6       77.8       76.0       92.0       1,215.4       1,176.6       1,195.8       753.2  
Recoverable Taxes
    38.8       36.6       36.0       55.1       124.5       123.6       122.2       111.9  
Judicial Deposits
    168.9       173.6       180.9       218.4       372.5       491.1       495.6       509.2  
Other financial assets
    367.3       378.2       392.3       420.4       290.3       418.6       415.5       790.4  
Other non-current assets
    459.6       464.5       498.4       443.8       1,103.6       966.5       966.2       493.2  
Investments
    267.4       287.5       294.7       304.1       333.9       358.1       368.6       419.0  
Biological Assets
    932.8       873.6       894.8       1,561.1       795.1       717.0       767.9       968.0  
Property, Plant and Equipment
    6,360.3       6,432.0       6,799.9       7,980.5       8,260.0       7,928.8       7,835.2       7,867.0  
Intangible
    3,379.2       3,370.0       3,355.7       3,445.7       4,125.3       4,531.1       4,593.8       4,932.3  
Non-current Assets
    12,786.4       12,903.4       13,437.6       15,282.4       17,674.4       17,710.7       17,918.7       17,409.0  
Total Assets
    16,498.6       17,283.8       18,103.2       18,744.7       22,263.4       22,875.6       22,845.0       22,124.1  
Current portion of long-term debt
    854.3       1,052.5       1,124.0       916.4       627.1       758.7       725.7       537.1  
Derivatives
    37.4       96.1       379.0       132.3       94.3       29.3       15.7       9.6  
Trade Accounts Payable
    716.3       832.1       754.4       558.8       621.6       757.5       765.4       606.0  
Salaries Payable
    219.9       225.5       175.6       183.6       183.3       191.5       158.2       183.7  
Taxes payable
    197.4       239.2       218.8       245.3       247.1       328.9       282.4       241.7  
Dividends payable
    116.6       7.0       7.0       190.3       195.7       21.2       15.9       16.8  
Related Parties
    120.1       66.0       74.6       41.2       186.8       163.2       228.5       175.0  
Other Liabilities
    189.4       198.4       180.3       189.6       273.1       306.4       215.0       308.0  
Current Liabilities
    2,451.3       2,716.7       2,913.8       2,457.4       2,428.9       2,556.7       2,406.9       2,077.9  
Long-term debt
    5,322.7       5,310.8       5,961.7       6,274.9       3,699.4       4,407.8       4,402.3       4,476.9  
Taxes payable
    597.3       605.8       618.2       639.1       1,123.0       1,180.0       1,184.8       1,202.6  
Provision for judicial demands
    625.0       642.9       650.1       666.3       940.8       975.8       1,026.7       1,051.7  
Related Parties
    -       -       -       4.4       371.2       546.3       468.5       389.7  
Pension
    -       2.1       12.2       24.4       25.9       27.4       28.9       37.3  
Deferred Income taxes
    1,123.6       1,215.6       1,250.9       1,511.0       3,546.4       3,159.1       3,116.5       2,443.4  
Other non-current liabilities
    374.5       377.7       378.7       382.9       814.4       752.1       777.1       828.1  
Non-current Assets
    8,043.0       8,155.0       8,871.7       9,502.9       10,521.0       11,048.4       11,004.8       10,429.8  
Common stock
    4,687.8       4,691.1       4,691.1       4,691.8       4,691.8       4,691.8       4,691.8       4,691.8  
Treasury shares
    (4.2 )     (4.2 )     (19.4 )     (19.4 )     (19.4 )     (66.3 )     (67.7 )     (67.7 )
Capital Reserve
    511.3       564.8       439.3       537.5       637.8       609.9       661.3       690.5  
Profits Reserve
    374.2       290.8       290.8       1,249.0       1,249.0       1,232.2       1,232.2       3,837.1  
Accumulated earnings
    370.3       621.8       660.5       -       2,299.3       2,362.5       2,456.3       -  
Equity attributable to owners of the Company
    5,939.4       6,164.4       6,062.4       6,458.9       8,858.6       8,830.2       8,973.9       9,151.8  
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests
    64.9       247.8       255.3       325.5       454.9       440.3       459.4       464.6  
Total equity
    6,004.3       6,412.1       6,317.7       6,784.3       9,313.4       9,270.5       9,433.4       9,616.4  
Total liabilities and equity
    16,498.6       17,283.8       18,103.1       18,744.7       22,263.4       22,875.6       22,845.0       22,124.1  
 
 
 
37

 

 
Statement of Cash Flow
 
Statement of Cash Flows
 
Jun'10
   
Sept'10
   
Dec'10
   
Mar'11
   
Mar'11
   
Jun'11
   
Sept'11
   
Dec'11
   
Mar'12
   
Mar'12
 
(in R$ million)
  1Q11     2Q11     3Q11     4Q11    
FY11
    1Q12     2Q12     3Q12     4Q12    
FY12
 
Net Income
    0.4       251.5       38.7       480.9       771.6       2,299.3       63.2       93.8       149.6       2,605.8  
Non-cash Adjustments:
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Depreciation and Amortization
    290.9       400.0       380.9       287.2       1,359.0       303.7       365.5       254.6       219.0       1,142.8  
Biological Assets
    42.2       28.7       (21.2 )     (431.5 )     (381.9 )     (20.9 )     38.8       20.0       (97.9 )     (60.1 )
Stock option
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       4.8       6.0       10.8  
Equity income of associates
    (5.76 )     (2.36 )     (7.84 )     (9.23 )     (25.19 )     (1.96 )     1.31       (0.01 )     (32.60 )     (33.27 )
Losses (Gains) in Fixed Assets Disposals
    3.1       (11.8 )     2.1       (28.7 )     (35.3 )     17.0       (11.5 )     (27.6 )     (71.8 )     (93.9 )
Deferred Income and Social Contribution Taxes
    (0.7 )     104.4       16.4       208.9       329.1       1,197.8       (277.7 )     69.7       (27.0 )     962.8  
Judicial demands' provision
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Non-controlling interest
    1.74       (10.70 )     8.03       5.92       5.00       3.11       23.67       12.97       (0.80 )     38.96  
Interest, monetary and exchange variations, net
    167.0       (62.2 )     53.2       80.6       238.5       (33.7 )     562.3       126.6       (20.0 )     635.1  
Effects of formation of JVs
    -       -       -       -       -       (3,315.1 )     18.2       -       198.5       (3,098.5 )
Capital gains
    -       (223.1 )     -       223.1       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Other Non-cash Items
    19.4       199.2       (1.6 )     (209.4 )     7.5       5.2       (5.2 )     -       (5.7 )     (5.7 )
Variation on Assets and Liabilities
                                                                               
Accounts receivable
    153.3       (153.4 )     135.5       29.3       164.7       (123.3 )     (105.6 )     (38.6 )     (93.8 )     (361.1 )
Restricted Cash
    -       -       -       (143.0 )     (143.0 )     113.5       7.7       (35.5 )     (6.2 )     79.5  
Inventories
    (304.03 )     (440.84 )     (19.42 )     848.86       84.58       (326.63 )     (311.82 )     (34.70 )     486.37       (186.78 )
Related Parties
    -       -       -       (50.1 )     (50.1 )     (1,033.6 )     142.6       (87.8 )     227.2       (751.7 )
Advances to Suppliers
    (76.7 )     16.9       4.9       71.6       16.8       (122.1 )     18.2       21.5       (20.9 )     (103.3 )
Accounts payable
    146.86       115.83       (77.73 )     (217.32 )     (32.36 )     241.24       124.96       7.99       (153.98 )     220.21  
Salaries payable
    78.3       5.6       (49.9 )     2.2       36.2       110.9       5.1       (33.3 )     25.5       108.2  
Provision for judicial demands from legal proceedings
    10.7       18.9       (2.6 )     (0.1 )     26.9       33.1       (33.1 )     50.9       93.1       144.0  
Derivatives
    70.7       (214.6 )     (108.4 )     265.6       13.3       (79.8 )     (62.1 )     (4.4 )     34.0       (112.3 )
Taxes payable
    (29.0 )     34.2       (23.2 )     18.0       -       908.8       15.5       (59.0 )     21.0       886.3  
Recoverable taxes
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       (17.1 )     (17.1 )
Other assets and liabilities, net
    39.0       (98.2 )     (101.6 )     112.5       (48.3 )     429.6       (6.8 )     (55.0 )     (416.9 )     (49.1 )
Cash Flow from Operating Activities
    607.3       (41.9 )     226.3       1,545.4       2,337.1       606.1       573.3       286.9       495.2       1,961.5  
Aquisitions, net of aquired cash and advances for future
    -       -       -       (157.3 )     (157.3 )     -       -       -       (72.9 )     (72.9 )
Contributed cash to Raízen's formation
    -       -       -       -       -       (173.1 )     -       -       -       (173.1 )
Additions on Investments, Net of Cash Received
    (3.7 )     (12.7 )     -       16.5       -       -       (99.1 )     (0.9 )     57.6       (42.3 )
Additions on Property, Plant and Equipment
    (513.9 )     (312.6 )     (533.0 )     (932.2 )     (2,291.6 )     (491.5 )     (243.3 )     (346.3 )     (503.4 )     (1,584.5 )
Biological Assets expenses
    (194.6 )     (198.1 )     (174.8 )     (178.2 )     (745.6 )     (217.2 )     (117.9 )     (107.0 )     (109.9 )     (552.0 )
Cash Received on Sale of other Fixed Assets
    0.7       17.2       2.2       28.7       48.8       -       42.3       53.8       86.0       182.1  
Cash Flow from Investment Activities
    (711.5 )     (506.2 )     (705.5 )     (1,222.5 )     (3,145.7 )     (881.8 )     (418.0 )     (400.3 )     (542.7 )     (2,242.8 )
Additions of Debt
    642.4       495.9       1,101.2       480.0       2,719.5       1,281.1       483.8       156.2       245.7       2,166.7  
Payments of Principal and Interest on Debt
    (561.6 )     (224.7 )     (458.2 )     (723.3 )     (1,967.9 )     (1,121.3 )     (206.0 )     (318.2 )     (197.9 )     (1,843.4 )
Capital Increase
    -       -       -       4.0       4.0       -       -       -       -       -  
Capital Increase by noncontrolling interests
    -       403.3       -       (3.3 )     400.0       139.9       -       -       421.0       560.9  
Treasury Shares
    -       -       (15.2 )     -       (15.2 )     -       (46.9 )     (1.4 )     -       (48.3 )
Dividends
    -       (193.0 )     -       (0.1 )     (193.1 )     -       (192.7 )     -       -       (192.7 )
Related Parties
    -       -       -       37.1       37.1       -       -       -       -       -  
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
    80.7       481.5       627.8       (205.7 )     984.3       299.8       38.2       (163.4 )     468.8       643.4  
Total Cash Flow
    (23.5 )     (66.5 )     148.5       117.2       175.7       24.1       193.5       (276.8 )     421.3       362.1  
Cash & Equivalents, Beginning
    1,078.4       1,054.9       988.4       (2,043.3 )     1,078.4       1,254.1       1,278.2       1,471.7       (2,749.8 )     1,254.1  
Cash & Equivalents, Closing
    1,054.9       988.4       1,136.9       (1,926.1 )     1,254.1       1,278.2       1,471.7       1,194.9       (2,328.6 )     1,616.2  
 
 
 
38

 
 
 
I. Cosan Limited
 
Income Statement
 
Income Statement
 
Jun'10
   
Sept'10
   
Dec'10
   
Mar'11
   
Mar'10
   
Jun'11
   
Set'11
   
Dec'11
   
Mar'12
   
Mar'12
 
(in R$ million)
  1Q11     2Q11     3Q11     4Q11    
FY11
    1Q12     2Q12     3Q12     4Q12    
FY12
 
Net Operating Revenue
    3,999.6       4,716.1       4,738.4       4,609.3       18,063.5       5,188.0       6,804.3       6,310.7       5,793.9       24,096.9  
Cost of Goods Sold and Services Rendered
    (3,522.7 )     (3,995.2 )     (4,160.0 )     (3,472.2 )     (15,150.1 )     (4,600.0 )     (6,042.4 )     (5,670.9 )     (5,151.8 )     (21,465.0 )
Gross Profit
    476.9       720.9       578.5       1,137.1       2,913.4       588.0       761.9       639.8       642.1       2,631.9  
Margin
    11.9 %     15.3 %     12.2 %     -23.3 %     16.1 %     11.3 %     11.2 %     10.1 %     -21.7 %     10.9 %
Operating Income (Expenses):
    (339.7 )     (443.9 )     (409.2 )     (412.4 )     (1,605.3 )     2,481.6       (469.7 )     (401.1 )     (494.9 )     1,116.0  
Selling
    (216.1 )     (265.5 )     (271.9 )     (272.5 )     (1,026.0 )     (261.2 )     (295.3 )     (270.4 )     (309.5 )     (1,136.3 )
General and Administrative
    (121.3 )     (139.3 )     (133.7 )     (151.1 )     (545.5 )     (150.5 )     (159.5 )     (160.3 )     (175.8 )     (646.0 )
Other Operating Income (Expenses), Net
    (2.3 )     (39.1 )     (3.6 )     11.3       (33.8 )     22.0       3.2       29.6       90.7       145.6  
Effects of formation of JVs
    -       -       -       -       -       2,871.2       (18.2 )     -       (100.3 )     2,752.7  
Operating Income
    137.2       277.0       169.3       724.7       1,308.1       3,069.5       292.2       238.8       147.3       3,747.8  
Financial results, net
    (134.8 )     85.6       (89.0 )     (12.9 )     (151.1 )     11.6       (394.5 )     (70.6 )     (24.9 )     (478.5 )
Equity income of associates
    5.76       2.36       7.84       9.23       25.19       1.96       (1.30 )     0.01       32.60       33.27  
Income (Loss) Before taxes
    8.2       364.9       88.1       721.0       1,182.2       3,083.1       (103.6 )     168.1       155.0       3,302.5  
Margin
    0.2 %     7.7 %     1.9 %     -3.3 %     6.5 %     59.4 %     -1.5 %     2.7 %     -46.9 %     13.7 %
Income and Social Contribution Taxes
    (11.0 )     (126.2 )     (42.3 )     (235.0 )     (414.5 )     (1,224.6 )     188.2       (63.8 )     (10.0 )     (1,110.2 )
Non-controlling interest
    (1.89 )     (85.24 )     (22.66 )     (186.97 )     (296.75 )     (872.96 )     (47.42 )     (48.16 )     (42.45 )     (1,010.99 )
Net Income
    (4.7 )     153.4       23.1       299.1       470.9       985.5       37.2       56.2       102.5       1,181.3  
Margin
    -0.1 %     3.3 %     0.5 %     -1.0 %     2.6 %     19.0 %     0.5 %     0.9 %     -15.5 %     4.9 %
 
 
39

 
 
 
Balance Sheet
 
Balance Sheet
 
Jun'10
   
Sept'10
   
Dec'10
   
Mar'10
   
Jun'11
   
Set'11
   
Dec'11
   
Mar'12
 
(in R$ million)
  1Q11     2Q11     3Q11    
FY11
    1Q12     2Q12     3Q12    
FY12
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
    1,083.4       1,009.0       1,155.6       1,271.8       1,295.3       1,482.9       1,283.4       1,654.1  
Restricted Cash
    51.3       76.0       276.2       187.9       60.2       52.5       88.1       94.3  
Accounts receivable
    619.1       760.0       657.5       594.9       825.2       983.7       1,022.3       963.6  
Derivatives
    144.5       166.0       180.0       55.7       60.2       29.4       59.6       19.6  
Inventories
    1,066.3       1,626.8       1,642.7       670.3       1,002.0       1,361.8       1,354.4       748.2  
Advances to Suppliers
    323.5       293.9       268.6       229.3       172.2       141.9       110.2       -  
Related Parties
    50.5       21.8       20.8       14.7       680.3       599.7       655.8       678.4  
Recoverable Taxes
    355.4       396.4       401.1       375.0       411.7       416.0       325.0       325.1  
Other financial assets
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       40.1  
Other credits
    47.5       51.6       82.5       81.0       99.0       108.1       115.9       230.3  
Current Assets
    3,741.5       4,401.3       4,685.0       3,480.6       4,606.2       5,176.1       5,014.7       4,753.6  
Deferred Income tax and social contribution
    680.0       744.3       823.5       715.3       1,026.4       959.7       1,108.2       543.0  
Advances to Suppliers
    52.5       65.1       85.5       46.0       27.5       39.6       49.7       21.9  
Related Parties
    79.6       77.8       76.0       92.0       1,215.4       1,176.6       1,195.8       753.2  
Recoverable Taxes
    38.8       36.6       36.0       55.1       124.5       123.6       122.2       111.9  
Judicial Deposits
    168.9       173.6       180.9       218.4       372.5       491.1       495.6       509.2  
Other financial assets
    367.3       378.2       392.3       420.4       290.3       418.6       415.5       790.4  
Other non-current assets
    464.4       470.9       504.4       449.3       1,108.3       972.1       971.9       498.7  
Investments
    267.4       287.5       294.7       304.1       333.9       358.1       368.6       419.0  
Biological Assets
    932.8       873.6       894.8       1,561.1       795.1       717.0       767.9       968.0  
Property, Plant and Equipment
    6,360.3       6,432.0       6,799.9       7,980.5       8,260.0       7,928.8       7,835.2       7,867.0  
Intangible
    3,823.1       3,813.9       3,799.6       3,889.6       4,125.3       4,531.1       4,593.8       4,932.3  
Non-current Assets
    13,235.1       13,353.7       13,887.6       15,731.8       17,679.2       17,716.4       17,924.4       17,414.5  
Total Assets
    16,976.6       17,755.0       18,572.6       19,212.4       22,285.3       22,892.5       22,939.2       22,168.1  
Current portion of long-term debt
    899.4       1,094.9       1,165.7       957.1       666.1       805.1       773.6       540.2  
Derivatives
    37.4       96.1       379.0       132.3       94.3       29.3       15.7       9.6  
Trade Accounts Payable
    716.3       832.1       754.4       558.8       621.6       757.5       765.4       606.0  
Salaries Payable
    219.9       225.5       175.6       183.6       183.3       191.5       158.2       183.7  
Taxes payable
    197.4       239.2       218.8       245.3       247.1       328.9       282.4       241.7  
Dividends payable
    44.0       2.2       2.0       72.2       82.9       9.1       8.7       9.7  
Related Parties
    120.1       66.0       74.6       41.2       186.8       163.2       228.5       175.5  
Other Liabilities
    190.0       199.2       181.1       190.4       273.8       307.3       215.9       308.0  
Current Liabilities
    2,424.4       2,755.1       2,951.2       2,380.8       2,355.9       2,591.8       2,448.5       2,074.5  
Long-term debt
    5,322.7       5,310.8       5,961.7       6,274.9       3,699.4       4,407.8       4,589.9       4,659.2  
Taxes payable
    597.3       605.8       618.2       639.1       1,123.0       1,180.0       1,184.8       1,202.6  
Provision for judicial demands
    625.0       642.9       650.1       666.3       940.8       975.8       1,026.7       1,051.7  
Related Parties
    -       -       -       4.4       371.2       546.3       468.5       389.7  
Pension
    0.0       2.1       12.2       24.4       25.9       27.4       28.9       37.3  
Deferred Income taxes
    1,123.6       1,215.6       1,250.9       1,511.0       3,546.4       3,159.1       3,116.5       2,443.4  
Other non-current liabilities
    374.5       377.7       378.7       382.9       814.4       752.1       777.1       828.1  
Non-current Assets
    8,043.0       8,155.0       8,871.7       9,502.9       10,521.0       11,048.4       11,192.3       10,612.0  
Common stock
    5.3       5.3       5.3       5.3       5.3       5.3       5.3       5.3  
Treasury shares
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (109.4 )     -  
Capital Reserve
    3,667.1       3,695.7       3,608.5       3,668.2       3,725.5       3,718.8       3,750.3       3,634.7  
Profits Reserve
    -       -       -       -       1,872.5       1,773.6       (191.4 )     -  
Accumulated earnings
    531.0       565.1       588.2       887.3       -       -       1,824.9       1,937.3  
Equity attributable to owners of the Company
    4,203.4       4,266.2       4,202.0       4,560.9       5,603.3       5,497.7       5,471.1       5,577.3  
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests
    2,305.9       2,578.7       2,547.7       2,767.8       3,805.0       3,754.5       3,827.2       3,904.3  
Total equity
    6,509.3       6,844.9       6,749.7       7,328.7       9,408.4       9,252.2       9,298.3       9,481.6  
Total liabilities and equity
    16,976.6       17,755.0       18,572.6       19,212.4       22,285.3       22,892.5       22,939.2       22,168.1  
 
 
 
40

 
 
 
Statement of Cash Flow
 
Statement of Cash Flows
 
Jun'10
   
Sept'10
   
Dec'10
   
Mar'11
   
Mar'10
   
Jun'11
   
Set'11
   
Dec'11
   
Mar'12
   
Mar'12
 
(in R$ million)
  1Q11     2Q11     3Q11     4Q11    
FY11
    1Q12     2Q12     3Q12     4Q12    
FY12
 
Net Income
    (2.8 )     238.6       45.8       486.1       767.7       1,858.1       84.6       104.3       145.3       2,192.3  
Non-cash Adjustments:
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Depreciation and Amortization
    290.9       400.0       380.9       287.2       1,359.0       303.7       365.5       254.7       218.8       1,142.8  
Biological Assets
    42.2       28.7       (21.2 )     (431.5 )     (381.9 )     (20.9 )     38.8       20.0       (97.9 )     (60.1 )
Equity income of associates
    (5.8 )     (2.4 )     (7.8 )     (9.2 )     (25.2 )     (1.9 )     1.3       0.0       (32.6 )     (33.3 )
Stock option
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       4.80       6.00       10.80  
Losses (Gains) in Fixed Assets Disposals
    3.1       (11.8 )     2.1       (28.7 )     (35.3 )     17.0       (11.5 )     (27.6 )     (71.8 )     (93.9 )
Deferred Income and Social Contribution Taxes
    (0.7 )     104.4       16.4       208.9       329.1       1,197.8       (277.7 )     69.7       (27.0 )     962.8  
Interest, monetary and exchange variations, net
    167.5       (64.9 )     52.5       83.4       238.5       (27.6 )     569.6       136.4       (31.9 )     646.5  
Effects of formation of JVs
    -       -       -       -       -       (2,871.2 )     18.2       -       2.2       (2,850.9 )
Capital gains
    -       (220.9 )     -       220.9       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Other Non-cash Items
    19.4       197.0       (0.9 )     (207.9 )     7.5       3.5       13.4       (4.6 )     (18.0 )     (5.7 )
Variation on Assets and Liabilities Accounts receivable     153.3       (153.4 )     135.5       29.3       164.7       (123.3 )     (105.6 )     (38.6 )     (93.8 )     (361.1 )
Restricted Cash
    -       -       -       (142.97 )     (142.97 )     113.48       7.70       (35.51 )     (6.22 )     79.45  
Judicial Deposits
    -       -       -       -       -       (108.1 )     108.1       -       -       -  
Inventories
    (304.0 )     (440.8 )     (19.4 )     848.9       84.6       (326.6 )     (311.8 )     (34.7 )     486.4       (186.8 )
Taxes recoverable
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       (17.13 )     -       (17.13 )
Related Parties
    -       -       -       -       -       (1,033.6 )     142.6       (801.5 )     940.9       (751.7 )
Advances to Suppliers
    (76.7 )     16.9       4.9       71.6       16.8       (122.1 )     18.2       21.5       (20.9 )     (103.3 )
Accounts payable
    146.9       115.8       (77.7 )     (217.3 )     (32.4 )     241.2       125.0       8.0       (154.0 )     220.2  
Salaries payable
    78.3       5.6       (49.9 )     2.2       36.2       110.9       5.1       (33.3 )     25.5       108.2  
Provision for judicial demands from legal proceedings
    10.7       18.9       (3.3 )     0.6       26.9       33.1       (33.1 )     118.9       25.0       144.0  
Derivatives
    70.7       (214.6 )     (108.4 )     265.6       13.3       908.8       (1,050.0 )     (4.4 )     33.3       (112.3 )
Taxes payable
    (29.0 )     34.2       (23.2 )     (32.1 )     (50.1 )     (79.2 )     1,003.4       (59.0 )     21.0       886.3  
Other assets and liabilities, net
    39.6       (91.9 )     (102.0 )     105.1       (49.2 )     532.4       (120.7 )     (101.3 )     (176.0 )     134.5  
                                                      -       -       -       -  
Cash Flow from Operating Activities
    603.4       (40.4 )     224.3       1,540.1       2,327.2       605.5       591.0       (419.2 )     1,174.3       1,951.6  
Aquisitions, net of aquired cash and advances for future
    -       -       -       (157.3 )     (157.3 )     -       -       -       (72.9 )     (72.9 )
capital increases
                                                                               
Contributed cash to Raízen's formation
    -       -       -       -       -       (173.1 )     0.0       -       -       (173.1 )
Redemption of shares in subsidiary
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       (99.8 )     (99.8 )
Received Dividends
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       121.4       121.4  
Additions on Investments, Net of Cash Received
    (3.7 )     (12.7 )     -       16.5       -       -       (99.1 )     (0.9 )     57.6       (42.3 )
Additions on Property, Plant and Equipment
    (513.9 )     (312.6 )     (533.0 )     (932.2 )     (2,291.6 )     (491.5 )     (243.3 )     (346.3 )     (503.4 )     (1,584.5 )
Sugarcane planting and growing costs
    (194.6 )     (198.1 )     (174.8 )     (178.2 )     (745.6 )     (217.2 )     (117.9 )     (107.0 )     (109.9 )     (552.0 )
Cash Received on Sale of other Fixed Assets
    0.7       17.2       2.2       28.7       48.8       -       42.3       53.8       86.0       182.1  
Cash Flow from Investment Activities
    (711.5 )     (506.2 )     (705.5 )     (1,222.5 )     (3,145.7 )     (881.8 )     (418.0 )     (400.3 )     (521.1 )     (2,221.1 )
Additions of Debt
    642.4       495.9       1,101.2       480.0       2,719.5       1,281.1       483.8       335.9       245.7       2,346.4  
Payments of Principal and Interest on Debt
    (561.6 )     (224.7 )     (458.2 )     (727.0 )     (1,971.6 )     (1,121.3 )     (206.0 )     395.6       (957.7 )     (1,889.4 )
Capital Increase
    -       -       -       4.0       4.0       -       -       -       -       -  
Capital Increase by noncontrolling interests
    -       403.3       -       (3.3 )     400.0       139.9       0.0       -       421.0       560.9  
Treasury Shares
    -       -       (15.2 )     -       (15.2 )     -       (54.4 )     (101.2 )     107.4       (48.3 )
Dividends
    -       (192.4 )     -       (0.7 )     (193.1 )     -       (228.2 )     (4.8 )     (100.6 )     (333.7 )
Acquisition of shares of subsidiary
    -       -       -       37.1       37.1       -       -       (4.6 )     4.6       -  
Related parties
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Exchange rate variation excluding Cash and Cash
    0.0       (9.9 )     0.2       8.5       (1.2 )             19.3       (0.4 )     (3.1 )     15.8  
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
    80.8       472.2       627.9       (201.4 )     979.5       299.8       14.4       620.4       (282.7 )     651.9  
                                                      -       -       0       -  
Total Cash Flow
    (27.4 )     (74.4 )     146.7       116.2       161.0       23.5       187.5       (199.2 )     370.529872       382.4  
                                                      -       -       0       -  
Cash & Equivalents, Beginning
    1,110.8       1,083.4       1,009.0       (2,092.4 )     1,110.8       1,271.8       1,295.3       1,482.9       (2,778.1 )     1,271.8  
Cash & Equivalents, Closing
    1,083.4       1,009.0       1,155.6       (1,976.2 )     1,271.8       1,295.3       1,482.9       1,283.4       (2,407.4 )     1,654.1  
 
 
 
41

 
 
Item 2









Consolidated Financial Statements

Cosan Limited

March 31, 2012 and 2011


 
 

 





 
 

 

 

Cosan Limited

Consolidated financial statements

March 31, 2012,2011 and 2010


Contents


Report of Independent Auditors
1
Consolidated statements of financial position
3
Consolidated income statements
5
Consolidated statements of changes in equity
6
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income
7
Consolidated statements of cash flows
8
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
10
 

 
 

 


Report of Independent Auditors

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Cosan Limited
Bermuda


We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Cosan Limited, which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at March 31, 2012, and the consolidated income statement, consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and for the internal controls management determined as necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements free from material misstatement, regardless of whether due to fraud or error.

Independent auditors’ responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control.   An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.


 
1

 

 
Opinion

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Cosan Limited as at March 31, 2012, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

São Paulo, Brazil, May 30, 2012


ERNST & YOUNG TERCO
Auditores Independentes S.S.



Luiz Carlos Nannini
Partner

 
2

 
 
 
Cosan Limited
 
Consolidated statements of financial position
March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais)
 
 
   
Note
   
2012
   
2011
 
Asset
                 
Current
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
  3       1,654,146       1,271,780  
Restricted cash
  4       94,268       187,944  
Accounts receivable
  6       963,587       594,857  
Derivatives
  26       19,590       55,682  
Inventories
  7       748,150       670,331  
Related parties
  9       678,374       14,669  
Recoverable taxes
  8       325,096       374,991  
Other financial assets
  5       40,080       -  
Other credits
          230,289       310,348  
            4,753,580       3,480,602  
                       
                       
                       
Non-current
                     
Deferred Income tax and social contribution
  17       543,024       116,985  
Advances to suppliers
          21,865       46,037  
Related parties
  9       753,153       91,954  
Recoverable taxes
  8       111,856       55,066  
Judicial deposits
  18       509,235       218,372  
Other financial assets
  5       790,402       420,417  
Other non-current assets
          498,734       449,284  
Equity method investments
  11       419,029       304,142  
Biological assets
  12       968,023       1,561,132  
Property, plant and equipment
  13       7,866,963       7,980,524  
Intangible assets
  14       4,932,255       3,889,575  
            17,414,539       15,133,488  
Total assets
          22,168,119       18,614,090  


 
3

 


   
Note
   
2012
   
2011
 
Liabilities
                 
Current
                 
Current portion of long-term debt
  15       540,237       957,134  
Derivatives
  26       9,611       132,289  
Trade accounts payable
          606,029       558,766  
Salaries payable
          183,660       183,560  
Taxes payable
  16       241,719       245,284  
Dividends payable
          9,725       72,229  
Related parties
  9       175,488       41,163  
Other current liabilities
          307,994       190,381  
            2,074,463       2,380,806  
Non-current
                     
Long-term debt
  15       4,659,152       6,274,895  
Taxes payable
  16       1,202,624       639,071  
Provision for judicial demands
  18       1,051,677       666,282  
Related parties
  9       389,718       4,444  
Pension
  27       37,312       24,380  
Deferred Income taxes
  17       2,443,430       912,617  
Other non-current liabilities
          828,120       382,898  
            10,612,033       8,904,587  
                       
Equity
  20                  
Common Stock
          5,328       5,328  
Capital reserve
          3,635,308       3,668,218  
Accumulated earnings
          1,936,687       887,336  
Equity attributable to owners of the Company
          5,577,323       4,560,882  
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests
          3,904,300       2,767,815  
Total equity
          9,481,623       7,328,697  
Total liabilities and equity
          22,168,119       18,614,090  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
4

 
 
 
Cosan Limited

Consolidated income statements
Years ended  March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated )


   
Note
   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Net sales
  22       24,096,881       18,063,480       15,336,055  
Cost of goods sold
  23       (21,465,009 )     (15,150,079 )     (13,271,331 )
Gross profit
          2,631,872       2,913,401       2,064,724  
                               
Operational income /(expenses)
                             
Selling
  23       (1,136,285 )     (1,026,000 )     (862,726 )
General and administrative
  23       (646,041 )     (545,450 )     (501,676 )
Other, net
  25       145,550       (33,828 )     37,523  
Gain on tax recovery program
  16       -       -       270,333  
Gain on the de-recognition of subsidiaries to form the JVs
  21       2,752,730       -       -  
            1,115,954       (1,605,278 )     (1,056,546 )
Income before financial results, equity income of associates and income taxes
          3,747,826       1,308,123       1,008,178  
                               
Equity income of associates
  11       33,268       25,187       4,178  
Financial results, net
  24       (478,549 )     (151,147 )     493,441  
            (445,281 )     (125,960 )     497,619  
Income before income tax
          3,302,545       1,182,164       1,505,797  
                               
Income taxes
                             
Current
  17       (147,455 )     (85,437 )     (78,381 )
Deferred
  17       (962,758 )     (329,071 )     (344,923 )
Net income for  the year
          2,192,332       767,656       1,082,493  
                               
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
          (1,010,990 )     (296,750 )     (376,399 )
Net income attributable to owners of the Company
          1,181,342       470,906       706,094  
                               
Earnings per share attributable to owners of the Company – Basic and  Diluted (In Reais)
  20     $ R 4.40     $ R 1.74     $ R 2.61  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 
5

 


Cosan Limited

Consolidated statement of changes in equity
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In Thousands of Reais)
 
         
Capital reserve
                         
   
Common
stock
   
Additional paid in capital
   
Other components of equity
   
Accumulated earnings (losses)
   
Total
   
Non-controlling interests
   
Total equity
 
April 1, 2009
    5,328       3,723,728       (62,688 )     (170,370 )     3,495,998       1,171,929       4,667,927  
Acquisition of Teaçu
    -       100,143       -       -       100,143       207,368       307,511  
Issuance of subsidiary shares to non-controlling interest
    -       78,407       -       -       78,407       423,859       502,266  
Acquisition of non-controlling interest subsidiary
    -       (34,957 )     -       -       (34,957 )     (22,633 )     (57,590 )
Exercise of stock option
    -       (4,450 )     (20 )     -       (4,470 )     10,472       6,002  
Exercise of common stock warrants
    -       (43,641 )     309       -       (43,332 )     138,416       95,084  
Acquisition of TEAS
    -       -       -       -       -       15,873       15,873  
Cumulative translation adjustment  - CTA
    -       -       (133,575 )     -       (133,575 )     (1,111 )     (134,686 )
Pension
    -       -       25,739       -       25,739       16,317       42,056  
Share based compensation
    -       5,451       -       -       5,451       3,520       8,971  
\Net income
    -       -       -       706,094       706,094       376,399       1,082,493  
Dividends
    -       -       -       -       -       (43,981 )     (43,981 )
March 31, 2010
    5,328       3,824,681       (170,235 )     535,724       4,195,498       2,296,428       6,491,926  
                                                         
 
Exercise of stock option
    -       (1,018 )     (44 )     -       (1,062 )     6,409       5,347  
Treasury shares
    -       (9,465 )     -       -       (9,465 )     (5,754 )     (15,219 )
Issuance of common stock by  Rumo to non-controlling shareholders´
    -       128,363       -       -       128,363       271,637       400,000  
Acquisition of Logispot
    -       -               -       -       64,277       64,277  
Hedge accounting
    -       -       (89,117 )     -       (89,117 )     (54,181 )     (143,298 )
Cumulative translation adjustment - CTA
    -       -       (4,180 )     -       (4,180 )     131       (4,049 )
Pension
    -       -       (12,087 )     -       (12,087 )     (7,349 )     (19,436 )
Adjustment from impact recorded directly in equity of subsidiary
    -       (522 )     -       -       (522 )     (821 )     (1,343 )
Share based compensation
    -       1,842       -       -       1,842       1,119       2,961  
Net income
    -       -       -       470,906       470,906       296,750       767,656  
Dividends
    -       -       -       (119,294 )     (119,294 )     (100,831 )     (220,125 )
March 31, 2011
    5,328       3,943,881       (275,663 )     887,336       4,560,882       2,767,815       7,328,697  
 
Hedge accounting
    -       -       33,126               33,126       20,014       53,140  
Hedge accounting – reversal of OCI upon  deconsolidation of subsidiaries and formation of the JVs
    -       -       64,961               64,961       39,311       104,272  
Cumulative translation adjustment - CTA
    -       -       15,790               15,790       4,934       20,724  
Pension
                    (14,758 )             (14,758 )     (8,931 )     (23,689 )
Share based compensation
    -       6,728       -               6,728       4,072       10,800  
Capital contribution to Rumo by noncontrolling shareholders
    -       -               (1,993 )     (1,993 )     77,864       75,871  
Other
    -       700               11,000       11,700       (2,612 )     9,088  
Acquisition of treasury shares by subsidiaries
    -       -       (30,065 )             (30,065 )     (18,193 )     (48,258 )
Non-controlling shareholder contribution to Raízen Combustíveis JV
    -       -       -               -       9,036       9,036  
Acquisition of treasury shares
    -       (109,392 )     -               (109,392 )     -       (109,392 )
Net income
    -       -       -       1,181,342       1,181,342       1,010,990       2,192,332  
Dividends
    -       -       -       (140,998 )     (140,998 )     -       (140,998 )
March 31, 2012
    5,328       3,841,917       (206,609 )     1,936,687       5,577,323       3,904,300       9,481,623  

 
6

 

Cosan Limited

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In Thousands of Reais)

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
                   
Net Income
    2,192,332       767,656       1,082,493  
                         
Other comprehensive income (loss)
                       
   Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations - CTA
    20,724       (4,049 )     (134,685 )
   Net movement on cash flow hedge
    238,503       (217,117 )     -  
Actuarial gains and losses defined benefit plans
    (35,892 )     (29,447 )     63,721  
Income tax effects
    (68,888 )     83,830       (21,665 )
      154,447       (166,783 )     (92,629 )
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax
                       
Total comprehensive Income for the year, net of tax
    2,346,779       600,873       989,864  
                         
Attributed to:
                       
   Owners of the Company
    1,280,461       365,521       598,258  
   Non-controlling  interests
    1,066,318       235,351       391,606  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
7

 

Cosan Limited

Consolidated statements of cash flows
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In Thousands of Reais)


   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Operating activities
                 
Net income
    2,192,332       767,656       1,082,493  
Non-cash adjustments to reconcile net income  to net cash flows from operating activities
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    1,142,780       1.359.000       1.127.960  
Biological assets
    (60,093 )     (381.894 )     (44.871 )
Equity income of associates
    (33,268 )     (25,187 )     (4,178 )
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    (93,892 )     (35,295 )     (80,466 )
Goodwill write off aviation business
    -       -       41,066  
Share based compensation expenses
    10,800       2,961       8,971  
Deferred  income taxes
    962,758       329,071       344,923  
Gain on tax recovery program
    -       -       (270,333 )
Gain on the de-recognition of subsidiaries operations to form the JVs
    (2,850,868 )     -       -  
Interest, monetary and exchange variations, net
    646,527       238,482       (185,280 )
Other, net
    (5,711 )     4,584       (26,858 )
      1,911,365       2,259,378       1,993,427  
Changes in Assets / Liabilities
                       
Accounts receivable
    (361,147 )     164,693       2,415  
Restricted cash
    79,452       (142,972 )     (33,215 )
Inventories
    (186,775 )     84,951       380,253  
Taxes recoverable
    (17,126 )     (50,068 )     (36,572 )
Advances to suppliers
    (103,294 )     16,779       66,542  
Accounts payable
    220,213       (32,361 )     (46,515 )
Provision for judicial demands from legal proceedings
    143,960       26,859       25,829  
Salaries payable
    108,177       36,224       30,565  
Derivatives
    (112,281 )     13,347       (231,043 )
Taxes payable
    886,283       75,639       311,360  
Related parties
    (751,679 )     (5,536 )     111,953  
Other assets and liabilities, net
    134,491       (119,692 )     (399,172 )
                         
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities
    1,951,639       2,327,241       2,175,827  
 
 
 
8

 
 
Cosan Limited

Consolidated statements of cash flows (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In Thousands of Reais)

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Investing Activities
                 
Acquisitions , net of cash acquired
    (72,930 )     (157,345 )     (16,041 )
Cash contributed upon the formation of Raizen
    (173,116 )     -       -  
Redemption of shares in subsidiary
    (99,784 )     -       -  
Dividends received
    121,433       -       -  
Additions to investments
    (42,328 )     -       -  
Purchase of property, plant and equipment, software and intangible assets
    (1,584,543 )     (2,291,647 )     (1,897,965 )
Sugar-cane planting and growing costs
    (551,974 )     (745,572 )     (647,467 )
Proceeds from sale of aviation business
    -       -       115,601  
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
    182,116       48,832       10,613  
Net Cash Flow used Investing Activities
    (2,221,126 )     (3,145,732 )     (2,435,259 )
                         
Financing Activities
                       
Proceeds from long-term debt
    2,346,396       2,719,522       3,471,462  
Repayment of long-term debt
    (1,889,362 )     (1,971,579 )     (3,148,837 )
Capital increase
    -       3,996       147,697  
Cash proceeds from non-controlling interests
    560,946       400,000       -  
Treasury shares
    (48,258 )     (15,219 )     -  
Dividends paid
    (333,659 )     (193,095 )     -  
Related parties
    -       37,072       (152,442 )
Net cash flows from financing activities
    636,063       980,697       317,880  
                         
Impact of foreign currency exchange on cash and cash equivalent balances
    15,790       (1,192 )     (125,618 )
Net increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    382,366       161,014       (67,170 )
                         
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year
    1,271,780       1,110,766       1,177,936  
Cash and cash equivalents at  the end of the year
    1,654,146       1,271,780       1,110,766  
                         
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
                       
Financial interest expenses paid
    305,527       450,051       388,854  
Income taxes paid
    179,655       38,844       62,337  
Issuance of shares for acquisitions of Curupay
    -       -       624,192  
Issuance of subsidiary shares (Rumo) for acquisition of Teaçu
    -       -       261,777  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
 
 
9

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

1.  
Operations

Cosan Limited (“Cosan” and “the Company”) was incorporated in Bermuda on April 30, 2007. Its shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE – CZZ) and in the São Paulo Stock Exchange (BM&F Bovespa – CZLT11).  Mr. Rubens Ometto Silveira Mello is the ultimate controlling shareholder of the Company. Cosan Limited controls Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio and its subsidiaries (“Cosan S.A.”) with a 62.30 % interest.

Cosan S.A.’s, through its subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities, primary activities are in the following business segments: (i) Sugar & Ethanol: the production of sugar and ethanol, as well as the energy cogeneration produced from sugar cane bagasse, through its joint venture named Raízen Energia Participações S.A. (“Raízen Energia”); (ii) Fuel Distribution through its joint venture named Raízen Combustíveis S.A. (“Raízen Combustíveis”); (iii) Logistics services including transportation, port lifting and storage of sugar, through its subsidiary Novo Rumo Logística S.A. (Rumo); (iv) Production and distribution of lubricants licensed by Mobil trademark and, (v) since July 1, 2011, the activity of purchasing and selling of sugar in the retail segment, which is  performed by Raízen Energia which  was acquired by the Company, and assigned to a new segment named “Cosan Alimentos” (Note 10).

On June 1, 2011, the Company completed, jointly with Royal Dutch Shell ("Shell"), the formation of two entities under joint control ("joint ventures" or “JVs”): (i) Raizen Combustíveis, in the fuel distribution segment, and (ii) Raizen Energia, in the segment of production and trade of sugar, ethanol and energy cogeneration. Cosan S.A. and Shell share control of the two entities, with each company holding 50% of the economic and voting control. Cosan recorded its investments in the joint ventures through proportionate consolidation.  Cosan contributed with its sugar, ethanol, cogeneration and fuel distribution business in the formation of the joint ventures. Shell contributed its fuel distribution business in Brazil and  interests in two entities involved in activities related to research and development of second generation ethanol (Iogen and Codexis), the license to use the Shell brand in the amount of R$ 533 million and a cash contribution of approximately R$ 1.8 billion over a period of two years.  The accounting effects arising from the formation of Raizen Combustíveis and Raizen Energia are presented in Note 21, which included the recording of the underlying net assets of the joint ventures’ net assets at their estimated fair value, and recording a large gain on the deconsolidation of the previous subsidiaries.   Accordingly, the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations for periods subsequent to the joint venture formation are not necessarily comparable to pre-formation amounts.

The logistics of commodities and lubricants distribution business, together with the investment in Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A. ("Radar") were not contributed to the joint ventures.
 
 
10

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
2.  
Summary of significant accounting policies

 
2.1.  
Basis of Preparation

The consolidated financial statements of Company have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

These consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Audit Committee on May 30, 2012.
 
 
a)  
Basis of preparation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for derivative financial instruments and biological assets that have been measured at fair value.

 
b)  
Functional and presentation currency

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Brazilian reais. However, the functional currency of Cosan is the U.S. dollar. The Brazilian real is the currency of the primary economic environment in which Cosan S.A. and its subsidiaries, located in Brazil, operate and generate and expend cash and is the functional currency, except for the foreign subsidiaries in which U.S. dollar is the functional currency.

The financial statements of each subsidiary included in the consolidation and equity method investments are prepared based on the functional currency of each company. Cosan, certain subsidiaries and equity method investments with a functional currency other than Brazilian reais, had their assets and liabilities converted into Brazilian reais at the exchange rate as of year end and their revenues and expenses were converted by applying the average monthly rates.

The exchange rate of the Brazilian real (R$) to the U.S. dollar (US$) was R$1.8221=US$1.00 at March 31, 2012, R$1.6287=US$1.00 at March 31, 2011 and R$1.7810=US$1.00 at March 31, 2010.

 
c)  
Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities at the end of the reporting period. Such estimates and assumptions are reviewed on a continuous basis and changes are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.
 
 
 
11

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.1.  
Basis of Preparation (Continued)

 
c)  
Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (Continued)

A significant change in the facts and circumstances on which judgments, estimates and assumptions are based, may cause a material impact on the results and financial condition of the Company. The significant judgments, estimates and assumptions are as follows:

Deferred income taxes and social contribution

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the losses can be utilized. Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies. For further detail on deferred income taxes see Note 17.

Biological assets

Biological assets are measured at fair value at each reporting date and the effects of changes in fair value between the periods are allocated directly to cost of goods sold. For further detail on the assumptions used see Note 12.

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment (“P, P&E”)

The calculation of depreciation and amortization of intangible assets and P,P&E includes the estimation of the useful lives. Also, the determination of the acquisition date fair value of intangible assets and P,P&E acquired in business combinations or rising from the formation of a JV is a significant estimate.

The Company annually performs a review of impairment indicators for intangible assets and P,P&E. Also, an impairment test is undertaken for goodwill. An impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. The key assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount for the different cash generating units for which goodwill is allocated are further explained in Note 14.

Share based payments

Cosan S.A. measures the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. The estimation of fair value for share-based payment transactions requires determining the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determining the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the assumption of the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield. The assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions are disclosed in Note 28.
 
 
 
12

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.1.  
Basis of Preparation (Continued)

Pension benefits

The cost of defined benefit pension plans and other post employment medical benefits and the present value of the pension obligation is determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions which may differ from actual results in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and future pension increases. A defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date. Further details about the assumptions used are included in Note 27.

Fair value measurement of contingent consideration

Contingent consideration, resulting from business combinations, is valued at fair value at the acquisition date.

Fair value of financial instruments

When the fair value of financial assets and liabilities recorded in the statement of financial position cannot be derived from active markets, their fair value is determined using valuation techniques including the discounted cash flow model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgment is required in establishing fair values. The judgments include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. For further details on financial instruments refer to Note 26.

 
(d) 
Reclassifications and other adjustments

Certain amounts in the prior year consolidated financial statements have been adjusted (reclassified) so as to conform with current year presentations.   These adjustments include:

 
·  
Deferred tax asset and liability balances of R$598,348 related the same taxing jurisdiction have been offset in the March 31, 2011 consolidated balance sheet.
 
 
·  
The starting point for the consolidated statement of cash flows is “net income” for all periods.   In previous presentations, the Company had started its consolidated statement of cash flows with “net income attributable to owners of the Company” This change resulted in a reclassification from “non-controlling interests” and has no impact on cash flows from operating activities. Also, certain reclassifications have been made between depreciation and amortization and biological assets captions within operating activities to conform with current year presentation.
 
 
 
13

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.2  
Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of  Cosan, its subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities. The Subsidiaries and jointly controlled subsidiaries are listed below:

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Direct interest subsidiary
                 
Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comercio
    62.30 %     62.20 %     62.30 %

Interest of Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio in its subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities:

Subsidiaries
 
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Administração de Participações Aguassanta Ltda.
    91,50 %     91.50 %     91.50 %
Bioinvestments Negócios e Participações S.A.
    100 %     91.50 %     99.90 %
Vale da Ponte Alta S.A.
    100 %     91.50 %     99.90 %
Águas da Ponte Alta S.A.
    100 %     91.50 %     99.90 %
Proud Participações S.A.
    100 %     99.90 %     99.90 %
Cosan Distribuidora de Combustíveis Ltda.
    -       99.90 %     99.90 %
Cosan Overseas Limited
    100 %     100 %     -  
Pasadena Empreendimentos e Participações S.A.
    100 %     100 %     100 %
Cosan Cayman Finance Limited
    100 %     100 %     -  
Cosan Cayman II Limited
    100 %     -       -  
Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades S.A. (former Cosan Combustíveis e Lubrificantes S.A.)
    100 %     100 %     100 %
CCL Cayman Finance Limited
    100 %     100 %     -  
Copsapar Participações S.A.
    90 %     90 %     90 %
Novo Rumo Logística S.A.
    92.90 %     92.90 %     92.90 %
Rumo Logística S.A.
    -       69.70 %     90 %
Handson Participações S.A.
    100 %     -       -  
Docelar Alimentos e Bebidas S.A.
    99.90 %     99.90 %     99.90 %
Cosan Operadora Portuária S.A.
    69.70 %     69.70 %     90 %
Teaçú Armazéns Gerais S.A.
    -       69.70 %     90 %
Logispot Armazéns Gerais S.A.
    35.50 %     35.50 %     -  
Stallion S.A.
    100 %                
Jointly-Controlled entities
                       
Raízen S.A. (1)
    50 %     -       -  
Raízen Energia Participações S.A. (1) (2)
    50 %     -       -  
Raízen Combustíveis S.A. (1) (2)
    50 %     -       -  
IPUTI Empreendimentos e Participações S.A. (1)
    50 %     -       -  
                         

 
(1)  
Company jointly-controlled with Shell.
 
(2)  
Represents voting and economic interest. Cosan S.A. holds 51% of the outstanding shares of Raízen Energia, and 49% of the outstanding shares of Raízen Combustíveis.

The subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date of acquisition of control, and continue to be consolidated until the date that control ceases to exist. The jointly controlled entities are consolidated proportionally from the date of acquisition of joint control until the date that joint control ceases to exist.

The financial statement of subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities are prepared for the same disclosure period as that of the parent company, using consistent accounting policies. All balances held between the subsidiary companies and jointly controlled entities, income and expenses and unrealized gains and losses derived from intercompany transactions are eliminated.
 
 
 
14

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.2  
Basis of consolidation (Continued)

Any change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary that does not result in loss of control is accounted for as an equity transaction.

The Company holds an interest in jointly controlled, in which entrepreneurs maintain contractual arrangement establishes joint control. The Company recognizes its interest in jointly controlled using the proportional consolidation in its consolidated financial statement.

The financial statements of jointly controlled are prepared for the same period the company's disclosure.

Adjustments are made where necessary to align with the accounting policies adopted by the Company.

 
2.3  
Summary of significant accounting practices

The accounting policies listed below have been consistently applied to all years presented in these consolidated financial statements and have been applied consistently by the subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities.

 
a)  
Revenue recognition

Revenues from the sale of products or goods are recognized when the entity transfers to the buyer the significant risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the goods and merchandise, and when it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company. The sales prices are fixed based on purchase orders or contracts. Services or goods for which payment is made in advance are recorded as deferred revenue under the caption other liabilities and recorded as revenue upon delivery of goods or performance of services.

 
b)  
Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency rates, prevailing at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the functional currency spot rate of exchange at the reporting date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions.

 
 
15

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
c)  
Financial instruments – Recognition initial and subsequent measurement

 
(i)
Financial assets

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets are classified into the following categories: at fair value through profit or loss, held-to-maturity, available for sale and loans and receivables. The Company determines the classification of its financial assets upon initial recognition.

Financial assets are initially recognized at fair value, plus, in the case of investments not designated at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets.

Financial assets include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other receivables and derivative financial instruments.

Subsequent measurement

The subsequent measurement of financial assets depends on their classification, which can be as follows:

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss include financial assets held for trading and assets designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit and loss. They are classified as held for trading if they were acquired with the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the short term. Derivatives are also measured at fair value through profit or loss, except those designated as hedging instruments. Interest, monetary and exchange variations and changes arising from the valuation at fair value are recognized in the income statement when incurred in the line of revenue or expense.

Loans and receivables

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method (EIR), less impairment. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs.  Amortization is included in finance income in the income statement. The losses arising from impairment are recognized in the income statement in finance costs.

 
 
16

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
c) 
Financial instruments – Recognition initial and subsequent measurement (Continued)

(i) Financial assets (Continued)

Held-to-maturity

Non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities are classified as held-to maturity when the Company has the positive intention and ability to hold them to maturity. Interest, monetary, exchange rate, less impairment losses, if any, are recognized in income when incurred in the line of financial income/expense.

Available-for-sale financial assets

Financial assets available for sale are those non-derivative financial assets that are not classified as (a) loans and receivables, (b) investments held to maturity or (c) financial assets at fair value through profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial asset is derecognized when:

 
·  
The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired; and
 
·  
The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the cash flows received without material delay to a third party under a pass-through arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is any objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset or a group of financial assets is deemed to be impaired if, and only if, there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (an incurred ‘loss event’) and that loss event has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or the group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated.
 
 
 
17

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 
 
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
c) 
Financial instruments – Recognition initial and subsequent measurement (Continued)

(ii) Financial liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge. The Company determines the classification of its financial liabilities at initial recognition.

All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and in the case of loans and borrowings, carried at amortized cost.

The Company’s financial liabilities include payables to suppliers and other payables, loans and borrowings and derivative financial instruments.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification as follows:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss and derivatives, except those designated as hedging instruments. Interest, monetary and exchange variations and changes arising from the valuation at fair value, where applicable, are recognized in the income statement when incurred.

Loans and borrowings

After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. Gains and losses are recognized in the income statement when the liabilities are amortized or derecognized.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled or expires.
 
 
 
18

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
c) 
Financial instruments – Recognition initial and subsequent measurement (Continued)

(iii) Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the consolidated statement of financial position if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

(iv) Fair value of financial instruments

The fair value of financial instruments that are traded in active markets at each reporting date is determined by reference to quoted market prices or dealer price quotations, without any deduction for transaction costs.

The fair value of financial instruments for which there is no active market is determined using valuation techniques. These techniques can include using recent market transactions (interest free) reference to the current fair value of other similar instruments, analysis of discounted cash flows or other valuation models.

An analysis of fair values of financial instruments and further details as to how they are measured are provided in Note 26.

(v) Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting

Initial recognition and subsequent measurement

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps and forward commodity contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks, interest rate risks and commodity price risks, respectively. Derivatives designated in hedge transactions are initially recognized at fair value on the date on which the derivative is acquired, and subsequently also revalued to fair value. Derivatives are presented as financial assets when the instrument's fair value is positive and as liabilities when fair value is negative.
 
Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to the income statement, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, which is recognized in other comprehensive income.
 
 
 
19

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
c) 
Financial instruments – Recognition initial and subsequent measurement (Continued)

(v) Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting (Continued)

For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as:

 
·  
Fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment;
 
·  
Cash flow hedges when hedging exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognized firm commitment; and
 
·  
Hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation.

At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation includes identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrument’s fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated.

Hedges are expected to be highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows, being continually assessed to determine whether they were actually highly effective over all the base periods for which they were intended.

Hedges which meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for as follows:

Cash flow hedges

The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognized directly as other comprehensive income in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the income statement in other operating expenses.

Amounts recognized as other comprehensive income are transferred to the income statement when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognized or when a forecast sale occurs. Where the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognized as other comprehensive income are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the nonfinancial asset or liability.
 
 
 
20

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
c) 
Financial instruments – Recognition initial and subsequent measurement (Continued)

(v) Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting (Continued)

Cash flow hedges (Continued)

If the forecast transaction or firm commitment is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in equity is transferred to the income statement. If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover, or if its designation as a hedge is revoked, any cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in other comprehensive income remains in other comprehensive income until the forecast transaction or firm commitment affects profit or loss.

The Company uses forward currency contracts as hedges of its exposure to foreign currency risk in forecasted transactions and firm commitments, as well as forward commodity contracts for its exposure to volatility in the commodity prices. Refer to Note 26 for more details.

Fair value hedge and hedges of a net investment

The Company does not hold derivative financial instruments designated in these types of operations.

 
d)  
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents include cash, bank deposits and other short-term investments of immediate liquidity, redeemable within 90 days from the date of issue, readily convertible into a known amount as cash and cash with insignificant risk of change in their value.

The restricted cash relates mainly to deposits of margin requirements made with brokers who trade commodity derivative instruments linked to Company’s derivatives instruments and financial transactions.

 
e)  
Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable are receivables from customers and are reduced to their probable realizable value by a provision.

 
f)  
Inventories

Inventories are recorded at average cost of acquisition or production, not to exceed the net realizable value. Provisions for slow-moving or obsolete inventories are recorded when deemed necessary by management.
 
 
 
21

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
g)  
Equity method investments

Entities over which the Company exercises significant influence are accounted for by the equity method. Based on the equity method, investments are recorded on the balance sheet at cost, plus the changes following the acquisition of shares and the Company’s share of equity income or loss of the associate.

The income statement reflects the share of operating results of associates associate based on the equity method. When a change is recognized directly in equity of the associate, the Company recognizes its share of the variations, where applicable, statement of changes in equity.

The financial statements of associates are prepared for the same period of presentation of the Company even if the fiscal year is not coincidental. Where necessary, adjustments are made to conform to the accounting practices of the Company.

After applying the equity method, the Company determines whether it is necessary to recognize additional loss of recoverable value on the Company's investment in its associate. The Company determines, at each year end, if there is objective evidence that investment in associate loss suffered by the impairment. If so, the Company calculates the amount of loss on the impairment as the difference between the recoverable value of the associate and the book value and the amount recognized in the income statement.

When there is loss of significant influence over the associate, the Company evaluates and recognizes the investment at fair value at that moment.

The unrealized gains and losses resulting from transactions between the Company and associates are eliminated in accordance with the participation held in the associate.

 
 
22

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


 
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
h)  
Interest in joint ventures

The Company has an interest in joint ventures, which are jointly controlled entities, whereby the venturers have a contractual arrangement that establishes joint control over the voting and economic activities of the entity. The agreement requires unanimous agreement for financial and operating decisions among the venturers. The Company recognizes its interest in the joint ventures using the proportionate consolidation method. The Company combines its proportionate share of each of the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of the joint ventures with similar items, line by line, in its consolidated financial statements. The financial statements of the joint ventures are prepared for the same reporting period as the Company.

Adjustments are made in the Company´s consolidated financial statements to eliminate the Company´s share of intercompany balances, transactions and unrealized gains and losses on such transactions between the Company and its joint ventures. Losses on transactions are recognized immediately if the loss provides evidence of a reduction in the net realisable value of current assets or an impairment loss. The joint venture is proportionately consolidated until the date on which the Company ceases to have joint control over the joint venture.

As discussed in Note 2.4, effective in the Company’s fiscal year ending March 31, 2014,  the IFRS accounting for these proportionately consolidated entities will change and the Company will then be required to account for them retrospectively using the equity method of accounting.

 
i)  
Biological assets

Biological assets refer to the sugarcane plantations and are recognized at fair value at each balance sheet date and the effects of changes in fair values between the periods are allocated to cost of goods sold. The sugarcane plantation is measured at fair value in accordance with the discounted cash flow method. The harvest of the Company begins generally in April each year and ends in the months of November and December.

The Company’s own land on which the biological asset is produced is accounted for in accordance with IAS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment.

 
j)
Property, plant and equipment (“P, P&E”)

Items of P, P&E are measured at historical cost of acquisition or construction, less accumulated depreciation and impairment when applicable.

Cost includes expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of an asset. The cost of assets constructed by the entity includes the cost of materials and direct labor, other costs to put the asset in location and condition necessary for them to be able to operate in the manner intended by management, and borrowing costs on qualifying assets. Borrowing costs relating to funds raised for work in progress are capitalized until these projects are completed.
 
 
 
23

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
j)
Property, plant and equipment (“P, P&E”) (Continued)

The Company carries out the planned major maintenance and inspection activities at its plants on an annual basis in order to inspect and replace components. This occurs between January and March. The principal costs include maintenance costs for labor, material third party services and overhead allocated during the inter harvest period.

The estimated cost of a component of a piece of equipment that must be replaced each year is recorded as a component of cost of the equipment and depreciated over the following season. Costs of normal periodic maintenance are recorded as expenses when incurred since the components will not improve the production capacity or introduce improvements to equipment.

Depreciation is calculated on a straight line method based on useful life of each asset, following the annual depreciation rates shown below:

Buildings and improvements
4%
Machinery and equipment
3% to 10%
Agricultural machinery
10%
Industrial equipment and facilities
10%
Furniture and fixtures
10%
Computer equipment
20%
Vehicles
10% to 20%
Locomotives
3.3%
Rail cars
2.9%
Boats
20%
Aircrafts
10%

 
k)
Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception date.

Finance leases which transfer to the Company substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item, are capitalized at the commencement of the lease at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognized in finance costs in the income statement. A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset.

Operating lease payments are recognized as an operating expense in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
 
 
 
24

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
l)
Intangibles

(i) Goodwill

Goodwill is maintained at its cost, less any impairment losses. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment. In order to perform impairment tests goodwill is compared to the recoverable amount of the related cash generating unit to which it was originally allocated.

(ii) Intangible assets with finite lives

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful economic lives and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired.
 
 
m)
Impairment

The Company assesses annually whether there are indications of impairment in its long lived assets. If these indicators are identified, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. The recoverable amount of an asset or a group of assets is the greater of: (a) the fair value less estimated costs to sell it, and (b) its value in use. Value in use is the discounted cash flow (before taxes) from the continued use of the assets until the end of its useful life.

Regardless of the existence of indicators of loss of value, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment at least once a year.

When the book value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the impairment loss is recognized as an operating expense in the income statement.

 
n)
Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective assets. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur.

 
o)
Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
 
 
 
25

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
p)
Pension and other employment benefits

i) Defined benefit pension plan

The Company, through its indirect subsidiary Cosan Lubrificantes  Especialidades S.A. (“CLE”) is the sponsor of a defined benefit pension plan for part of its employees. The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined annually by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

Actuarial gains and losses for the defined benefit plan are recognized in full in the period in which they occur in other comprehensive income. Such actuarial gains and losses are also immediately recognized in equity and are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

ii) Defined contribution pension plan

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities sponsor a defined contribution plan, for all employees. The Company does not have a legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not have sufficient assets to pay all benefits owed.

iii) Share-based payments

Employees (including senior executives) of Cosan S.A. receive regular compensation in the form of equity investments for services rendered (equity-settled transactions).

The cost of equity-settled transactions is recognized, together with a corresponding increase in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled. Cosan S.A. uses the binomial model to estimate the fair value of the options at the date of the grant.

 
q)  
Treasury shares

The Company´s equity instruments which are reacquired (treasury shares) are recognized at cost and deducted from equity. No gain or loss is recognized in the income statement on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.

Represented by the shares acquired on the market and held in treasury in accordance with the Repurchase Plan previously approved.

Equity instruments which are reacquired (treasury shares) are recognized at cost and deducted from equity. No gain or loss is recognized in the income statement in the purchase, sale, issue or cancel of equity instruments of the Company. Any difference between book value and the consideration is recognized in capital reserve.
 
 
 
26

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.3.
Summary of significant accounting practices (Continued)

 
r)  
Taxes

(i) Income taxes

Income taxes are comprised of income tax and social contribution at a combined rate of 34%. Deferred income tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and unused tax losses can be utilized.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are presented as non-current assets or liabilities and measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates that have been enacted at the reporting date

(ii) Indirect taxes

Net revenues is recognized net of discounts and sales taxes (IPI, ICMS, PIS and COFINS).

 
s)  
Business combinations

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method and the assets and liabilities assumed are measured at fair value for purposes of goodwill calculation. Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition cost in comparison the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities. If there is an excess of the acquirer's interest in the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired over the cost, the difference is recognized immediately in the income statement.

 
t)  
Asset retirement obligations

The retirement obligations of its jointly-controlled entities relate to the required obligation to remove underground fuel tanks upon retirement, the initial measurement of which is recognized as a liability discounted to present values and subsequently accreted through earnings. An asset retirement cost equal to the initial estimated liability is capitalized as part of the related asset’s carrying value and depreciated over the asset’s useful life.

 
u)  
Environmental matters

The Company, its subsidiaries and its jointly-controlled entities production facilities and their plantation activities are both subject to environmental regulations. The Company diminishes the risks associated with environmental matters, through operating procedures and controls and investments in pollution control equipment and systems.
 
 
 
27

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.4
New IFRS and IFRIC Interpretations Committee (Financial Reporting Interpretations of IASB) applicable to the consolidated financial statements

New accounting pronouncements of the IASB and IFRIC interpretations have been published and  or reviewed as presented below:

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments: Classification and Measurement

Classification and measurement - It reflects the first phase of the IASBs work on the replacement of IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. IFRS 9 uses a simplified approach to determine whether a financial asset is measured at amortized cost or fair value, based on the manner in which an entity manages its financial instruments (business model) and the typical contractual cash flow of financial assets. The standard also requires the adoption of only one method for determining losses in recoverable value of assets. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. Management is still evaluating the impact on its financial position or performance in relation to IFRS 9.

IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements

IFRS 10 as issued establishes principles for the presentation and preparation of consolidated financial statements when an entity controls one or more other entities. IFRS 10 replaces the consolidation requirements in SIC-12 Consolidation—Special Purpose Entities and IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. Early application is permitted. Management is still evaluating the impact on its financial position or performance from the adoption of IFRS 10.

IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements

IFRS 11 will significantly change the accounting for the Company’s joint arrangements.  The new standard eliminates inconsistencies in the reporting of joint arrangements in current practice, by requiring a single method (the equity method of accounting) to account for interests in jointly controlled entities.  It eliminates the option to proportionate consolidate these jointly controlled entities.  It is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.  Early adoption is permitted.
 
With the adoption of IFRS 11, currently expected for the year ended March 31, 2014, the Company's joint ventures (Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis) currently presented via proportionate consolidation, will be presented using the equity method of accounting in accordance with IAS 28R – Investment in Associates and Joint Ventures.   These two joint ventures currently comprise a substantial component of the Company's assets and operations. Thus, while the Company is currently estimating the impacts of the adoption of IFRS 11, it is anticipated that it will be significant.
 
 
 
28

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

 
2.4
New IFRS and IFRIC Interpretations Committee (Financial Reporting Interpretations of IASB) applicable to the consolidated financial statements (Continued)

IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements (Continued)

The total assets of these joint ventures represented approximately 71% of consolidated totals at March 31, 2012.  The revenues, operating income and cash flow from operating activities of these joint ventures accounted for approximately 80%, 67% and 93% of consolidated totals for the year ended March 31, 2012, respectively. A change from proportionate consolidation to equity method accounting would have no impact on the total equity or net income derived from these joint ventures, except that when using a proportional consolidation model net income would be lower in the year of joint venture formation as the transaction costs would be expensed as incurred.  When applying the equity method of accounting those expenses would be considered a component of the equity method investment.

IFRS 12 Disclosure of Involvement with Other Entities

IFRS 12 is a new and comprehensive standard on disclosure requirements for all forms of interests in other entities, including subsidiaries, joint arrangements, associates and unconsolidated structured entities.  IFRS 12 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.  Earlier application is permitted. Management is still evaluating the impact on its financial position or performance from the adoption of IFRS 11.

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement

IFRS 13 establishes new requirements on how to measure fair value and the related disclosures for IFRS and US generally accepted accounting principles. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.  Earlier application is permitted. Management is still evaluating the impact on its financial position or performance from the adoption of IFRS 13.

IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (revised in 2011)

As a consequence of the new IFRS 11 and IFRS 12, IAS 28 has been renamed IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, and describes the application of the equity method to investments in joint ventures in addition to associates. The amendment becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.

There are no other pronouncements issued and yet to be adopted that may have a significant impact in the Company´s operations and financial position
 
 
 
29

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 
 
3.  
Cash and Cash Equivalent
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Brazilian reais
           
Cash
    654       289  
Bank accounts
    127,178       64,437  
Highly liquid Investments
    1,519,965       1,076,599  
US dollars
               
Bank accounts
    6,349       78,353  
Highly liquid Investments
    -       52,102  
      1,654,146       1,271,780  

On March 31, 2012, the Company had unused lines of credit with BNDES, in the amount of R$ 420,414 (R$1,064,930 in March 31,2011). The use of these lines of credit depends upon fulfillment of certain contractual conditions.


4.  
Restricted Cash
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Restricted financial investments
    48,292       61,072  
Deposits in connection with derivative transactions
    45,976       126,872  
      94,268       187,944  

Deposits in connection with derivative transactions relate to margin calls by counterparties in derivative transactions.


5.  
Other financial assets

   
2012
   
2011
 
Fair value of Radar option (1)
    140,820       162,961  
Brazilian Treasury certificates – CTN (2)
    149,438       257,456  
ExxonMobil financial asset - reimbursement (3)
    540,224       -  
      830,482       420,417  
Current
    40,080       -  
Non current
    790,402       420,417  

 
(1)  
Cosan S.A. holds warrants on Radar, exercisable at any time up to maturity (August 2018). Such warrants will allow Cosan S.A. to purchase additional shares at R$41.67 per share adjusted for inflation (IPCA), equivalent to 20% of the total shares issued by Radar as of the date of exercise. The exercise of warrants will not change the classification of this investment as an equity investment. The fair value of these warrants was calculated based on observable market data.
 
(2)  
Represented by bonds issued by the Brazilian National Treasury under the Special Program for Agricultural Securitization - "PESA" with original maturity of 20 years in connection with the long-term debt denominated PESA (note 15). These bonds yield inflation (IGPM) plus 12% p.a.. The value of these securities at maturity is expected to be equal to the amount due to the PESA at that date. If the PESA debt is paid in advance, the Company may still keep this investment until maturity
 
(3)  
 On June 28, 2011, the subsidiary Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialides S.A., successor entity of Esso Brasileira de Petróleio Ltda. (“Essobrás”), joined the Brazilian Government’s tax recovery program upon request of ExxonMobil Brasil Holdings B.V. (“ExxonMobil”).  ExxonMobil is the entity that is legally responsible for the tax contingencies existing on the acquisition date of Essobras by the Company. The liability amounts to R$540,224 and is being refunded to the Company by ExxonMobil upon payment. As a result, the Company recorded a tax payable obligation and a corresponding accounts receivable from ExxonMobil, of which R$40,080 is short term and the remaining balance is long term.
 
 
 
30

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

6.  
Accounts Receivable

The balances of accounts receivables as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 are composed as follows:
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Domestic
    902,407       678,498  
Foreign
    164,681       7,556  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
    (103,501 )     (91,197 )
      963,587       594,857  

The analysis of the maturity of the accounts receivable is as follows:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Current
    764,827       555,826  
Over Due:
               
Up to 30 days
    100,339       21,097  
From 31 to 60 days
    16,535       4,317  
From 61 to 90 days
    8,476       553  
More than 180 days
    73,410       13,064  
      963,587       594,857  

Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:

On April 1, 2009
    (102,985 )
Provision
    (14,011 )
Reversal
    15,389  
Write-offs
    11,748  
Addition from business combination
    (7,862 )
March 31, 2010
    (97,721 )
Provision
    (16,573 )
Reversal
    18,238  
Write-offs
    6,130  
Addition from business combination
    (1,271 )
March 31, 2011
    (91,197 )
Provision
    (28,003 )
Reversal
    26,711  
Write-offs
    935  
Net addition from de-consolidation of subsidiaries and formation of the JVs (a)
    (11,135 )
Addition from business combination
    (812 )
March 31, 2012
    (103,501 )

 
 
(a)  
The Company has reflected this roll-forward activity as a “net” adjustment.  This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the allowance for doubtful accounts of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the fair value of the allowance for doubtful accounts of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.
 
 
 
31

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 


7.
Inventories

   
2012
   
2011
 
Finished Goods:
           
    Sugar
    87,110       77,673  
    Ethanol
    79,433       42,840  
    Fuel
    276,867       231,891  
    Lubrificants
    112,492       94,743  
    Raw material
    52,586       51,598  
Spare parts and others
    144,204       191,153  
Provision for inventory realization and obsolescence
    (4,542 )     (19,567 )
      748,150       670,331  

Change in the provision for inventory realization and obsolescence is as follows:

On April 1, 2009
    (23,102 )
Addition
    (14,528 )
Reversal
    12,370  
March 31, 2010
    (25,260 )
Provision
    (13,483 )
Reversal
    19,176  
March 31, 2011
    (19,567 )
Provision
    (1,697 )
Write off
    5,173  
Reversal
    4,815  
Net effect from de-consolidation of subsidiaries and formation of the JVs (a)
    6,734  
March 31, 2012
    (4,542 )

 
(a)  
The Company has reflected this roll-forward activity as a “net” adjustment.  This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the inventory provision of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the fair value of the inventory provision of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.
 
 
8.  
Recoverable Taxes

   
2012
   
2011
 
Income tax
    107,561       66,274  
COFINS
    63,727       121,474  
PIS
    18,614       27,338  
ICMS  - State VAT
    194,818       151,161  
IPI
    43,039       47,741  
Others
    9,193       16,069  
      436,952       430,057  
Current
    325,096       374,991  
Non-Current
    111,856       55,066  

 
 
32

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

9.  
Related Parties

 
a)
Summarized balances and transactions with related parties:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Current Asset
           
Shell (i)
    626,783       -  
Raízen Energia (ii)
    20,731       -  
Raízen Combustíveis (ii)
    14,242       -  
Grupo Rezende Barbosa (iii)
    9,469       7,298  
Vertical (iv)
    540       6,430  
Other
    6,609       941  
Total Current asset
    678,374       14,669  
                 
Non Current Asset
               
Shell (i)
    335,317       -  
Raízen Energia (ii)
    214,885       -  
Raízen Combustíveis (ii)
    87,811       -  
Grupo Rezende Barbosa (iii)
    105,751       91,954  
Other
    9,389       -  
Total Non-current asset
    753,153       91,954  
                 
Total asset
    1,431,527       106,623  
Current liabilities
               
Shell (i)
    83,064       -  
Raízen  Energia (ii)
    76,257       -  
Raízen Combustíveis (ii)
    321       -  
Grupo Rezende Barbosa (iii)
    12,577       37,664  
Other
    3,269       3,499  
Total current liabilities
    175,488       41,163  
                 
Non-current Liabilities
               
Shell (i)
    379,626       -  
Raízen  Energia (ii)
    6,387       -  
Other
    3,705       4,444  
Total Non-current liabilities
    389,718       4,444  
                 
Total liabilities
    565,206       45,607  

 
 
33

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


9.  
Related Parties (Continued)

 
a)
Summarized balances and transactions with related parties:

   
Year ended at March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Sales of products/services
                 
Vertical (iv)
    75,338       160,202       154,042  
Aguassanta
    -       39,131       101,902  
Other
    441       832       -  
      75,779       200,165       255,944  
Purchase of goods/services
                       
Grupo Rezende Barbosa (iii)
    263,859       352,195       155,615  
Vertical (iv)
    113,518       -       -  
Other
    7,032                  
      384,409       352,195       155,615  
Land lease
                       
Aguassanta (v)
    17,577       26,459       (18,817 )
Radar (vi)
    22,532       28,446       (18,158 )
      40,109       54,905       (36,975 )
Financial income / (expense)
                       
Grupo Rezende Barbosa (iii)
    2,502       233       18,045  
Shell
    148,733       -       -  
Other
    242       512       (84 )
      151,477       745       17,961  
 
 
 
(i)
Shell

Shell Holdings B.V. and its subsidiaries ("Shell") are related parties of Raizen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis, therefore, the transactions between Shell and these entities were treated by the Company as related party transactions and all balances disclosed are 50% proportionally consolidated.

The short-term receivable is mainly comprised of (i) capital contribution receivable from Raízen Energia in the amount of R$ 489,856, (ii) and other receivables in the amount of R$ 136,927, represented by other reimbursements resulting from the formation of JVs.

The long-term receivables are represented mainly by (i) reimbursement of provisions existing at the legal entity contributed by Shell related to the contingencies in the amount of R$ 244,046, and (ii) a financial asset equivalent to the investment that Shell has in Iogen, valued at fair value, and that will be contributed to Raizen Energia in the amount of R$ 86,535.

The short term payable comprises mainly reimbursement tax credits of the legal entity contributed by Shell in the amount of R$ 77,631.

The long term payable refers to (i) reimbursement of judicial deposits in the legal entity contributed by Shell, which will be refunded when redeemed, in the amount of R$ 130,883, and (ii) reimbursement of tax credits of the legal entity contributed by Shell in the amount of R$ 248,743.
 
 
 
34

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


9.
Related Parties (Continued)

 
a)
Summarized balances and transactions with related parties: (Continued)

(ii) Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustível

The balances with Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustível are consolidated proportionally at 50% considering the elimination of the portion related to the Company.

The balances in current assets in the amount of R$ 20,731 and R$ 14,242 in Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis, respectively, represent receivables of (i) transportation and sugar elevation services provided by Rumo, (ii) sale of land by CLE and (iii) leased land.

Non-current assets receivable from Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis represent, basically, tax credits which will be reimbursed to the Company when effectively realized by the JVs.

The balance of R$ 76,257 recorded as current liabilities in Raízen Energia represents, mainly, payables related sugar purchased by the Cosan Alimentos segment and other reimbursable obligations due to the formation of JVs.

(iii) Rezende Barbosa

The Company has receivables from Rezende Barbosa which are guaranteed by shares issued by Cosan.

The jointly-controlled entity "Raízen Energia" has long-term agreement with Group Rezende Barbosa to supply sugar-cane. The prices paid are based on the ATR prices published by CONSECANA.

(iv) Vertical UK LLP

The Company sells and buys ethanol from Vertical UK LLP (“Vertical”) in the normal course of business. Vertical is a trading company headquartered in Switzerland for which the Company has indirectly a 50% non-controlling interests.

(v) Aguassanta
 
The jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia has land leased from entities controlled by Group Aguassanta (“Aguassanta”),a group of entities under common control, being Mr. Rubens Ometto de Silveira de Mello the ultimate controlling shareholder. The lease costs are paid considering the ATR price published by CONSECANA and contracts having terms expiring between 2026 and 2027.
 
 
 
35

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


9.
Related Parties (Continued)

 
a)
Summarized balances and transactions with related parties: (Continued)

(vi) Radar

The jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia has leased land from Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A. (“Radar”), an associate. These rental costs are paid considering the price published by the ATR CONSECANA and most contracts have terms that expire in 2027.

 
b)
Officers and directors compensation

Fixed and variable compensation of key people, including directors and board members are recorded, as follows:

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Regular compensation
    24,994       7,894       6,589  
Stock option expense
    10,800       2,961       8,971  
Bonuses and other variable compensation
    33,075       23,791       6,325  
Total compensation recorded as expense
    68,869       34,646       21,885  

At Cosan S.A.´s shareholder’ meeting held on July 29, 2011, a new stock compensation plan was approved, which until March 31, 2012 had granted 9,825,000 options (Note 28).


10.  
Business combinations

 
a.  
Sugar Retail Business

The Company contributed its retail sugar business to Raizen Energia upon JV formation.   On July 1, 2011, the Company re-acquired this business in exchange for R$145,860 in cash consideration, and R$22,568 in contingent consideration.    The net assets of the retail sugar business approximate their carrying value prior to the formation of the JV.

 
 
36

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


10.  
Business combinations (Continued)

 
b.  
Logispot Armazéns Gerais S.A. (Logispot”)

On March 14, 2011, Cosan, through its indirect subsidiary Rumo Logística S.A., purchased 874,226 common shares of Logispot, in exchange for a R$ 48,888 cash payment, which increased its participation in the common shares of Logispot from 14.28% to 51.00%.
Logispot is located in the city of Sumaré and is an important link between plants in the state of São Paulo and Santos Port. The terminal is accessed by all railroads that cross the state of São Paulo and is beside the Anhanguera, Bandeirantes and Dom Pedro highways.).

The fair value at the acquisition date of the consideration transferred totaled R$ 68,880, which consisted of the following:

Cash
    48,888  
Fair value of 14.28% of Cosan in Logispot immediately before the Business combination
    19,992  
Total
    68,880  

The estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition of Logispot were as follows:

Description
     
Trade accounts receivable
    1,297  
Others assets
    677  
Property, plant and equipment
    114,184  
Loans and financing
    (13,391 )
Deferred income and social contribution taxes
    (28,879 )
Others liabilities
    (13,551 )
Non-controlling interest (1)
    (30,120 )
Net assets acquired
    30,217  
Consideration transferred, net of cash acquired
    67,745  
Goodwill
    37,528  

 
(1)  
Measured at their proportionate share of the value of net identifiable assets acquired

The purchase price allocation was completed by the Management, and based on the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and goodwill of the operation was allocated the segment Rumo.
 
 
 
37

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


10.
Business combinations (Continued)

 
b.
Logispot Armazéns Gerais S.A. (‘Logispot”) (Continued)

The Company obtained an independent evaluation of its property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and interests of noncontrolling shareholders. The allocation of the initial purchase price was adjusted primarily as a result of refinement in the Company's assumptions related to fixed assets and intangibles. As a result of these changes, the goodwill, as described above, was modified as follows:

Provisional goodwill
    2,370  
Adjustments on the fair value of the P,P&E
    104,454  
Deferred income  taxes
    (35,515 )
Interests of non-controlling shareholders
    (33,781 )
Goodwill
    37,528  

 
c.  
Cosan Araraquara Açúcar e Álcool Ltda. (“Usina Zanin”)

On February 18, 2011, Cosan S.A. acquired 100% of the share capital of Usina Zanin, for R$90,000 cash. Usina Zanin is located in the city of Araraquara .

The estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at date of acquisition of Usina Zanin, was as follows:

Description
     
Inventories
    3,813  
Biological assets
    83,890  
Property, plant and equipment
    223,893  
Intangible assets
    10  
Loans and Long-term debt
    (278,511 )
Provision for judicial demands
    (23,008 )
Deferred income and social contribution taxes
    29,921  
Others liabilities
    (49,081 )
Net assets acquired
    (9,073 )
Consideration transferred, net of cash acquired
    88,927  
Goodwill
    98,000  

The purchase price allocation was completed by the Management, and based on the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Zanin was later contributed to Raízen Energia in the formation of JV.

The Company obtained an independent evaluation of its property, plant and equipment,  and intangible assets. The allocation of the initial purchase price was adjusted primarily as a result of refinement in the Company's assumptions related to fixed assets and intangibles. As a result of these changes, the goodwill, as described above, was modified as follows:

Provisional goodwill
    69,402  
Adjustments on the fair value of the P,P&E and biological assets
    36,805  
Other FV adjustments
    6,524  
Deferred income  tax
    (14,731 )
Goodwill
    98,000  

Usina Zanin was contributed to Raízen Energia in the formation of JV.
 
 
 
38

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 
 

10.
Business combinations (Continued)

 
d.  
TEAS Terminal Exportador de Álcool de Santos S.A. (“TEAS”)

On November 24, 2009, Cosan S.A. acquired, for R$ 20,260 cash, an additional 26.7% interest, represented by 10,527,295 common shares, of TEAS from Crystalsev Comércio e Representação Ltda and Plínio Nastari Consultoria e Participações Ltda.. As a result of this transaction, Cosan S.A. increased its direct share ownership in TEAS from 40.0% to 66.7% and obtained control of TEAS. TEAS has a port concession and operates a dedicated terminal for export of ethanol.

The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred totaled R$ 39,911, which consisted of the following:

Cash
    20,260  
Fair value of share of 40% of Cosan S.A. in TEAS immediately before the combination
    19,651  
Total
    39,911  

The following table summarizes the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date:

Description
     
Property, plant and equipment
    21,162  
Others assets and liabilities, net
    405  
Non-controlling interest
    (6,258 )
Net assets acquired
    15,309  
Consideration transferred, net of cash acquired
    22,610  
Goodwill
    7,301  

The goodwill has been allocated in the Raizen Energia segment.

 
e.  
Curupay S.A. Participações (“Curupay”)

On June 18, 2009, Cosan S.A. acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Curupay S.A. Participações from Rezende Barbosa S.A. Administração e Participações (“Rezende Barbosa”), through the issuance of 44,300,389 common shares valued at R$14.09 per share (fair value at the acquisition date) with a value of R$ 624,192.  The assets acquired include the non-controlling interest in Novo Rumo representing 28.82% of its outstanding shares which were issued in the Teaçu Armazéns Gerais S.A. (Teaçu”) acquisition, and 100% of the outstanding shares of two operating companies, Nova América S.A. Trading and Cosan Alimentos (collectively referred to as “Nova América”).

With the acquisition of the noncontrolling interest of Novo Rumo, Cosan S.A. increased its share ownership in Novo Rumo to 92.88%. This transaction was a change in ownership interest without a loss of control and accounted for as a transaction in equity.
 
 
 
39

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


10.
Business combinations (Continued)

 
e.
Curupay S.A. Participações (“Curupay”) (Continued)

The following table summarizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in relation to Nova America:

Description
     
Inventories
    119,212  
Related parties
    67,741  
Property, plant and equipment
    885,786  
Intangible assets
    243,955  
Noncontrolling interest in Novo Rumo
    132,539  
Others assets
    340,776  
Loans and Long-term debt
    (1,174,631 )
Taxes payables
    (56,028 )
Deferred income and social contribution taxes
    (47,354 )
Others liabilities
    (303,651 )
Net assets acquired
    208,345  
Consideration transferred, net of cash acquired
    572,710  
Goodwill
    364,365  

The goodwill of R$ 364,365 arising from the acquisition was assigned to the Raizen Energia segment.

The purchase price to acquire Curupay was allocated based on the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Cosan S.A. obtained an independent valuation of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, loans and long-term debt and internally determined the fair value of other assets and liabilities of the acquired business.

 
f.  
Teaçu Armazéns Gerais S.A. (“Teaçú”)

On April 9, 2009, Cosan S.A., through its 90% owned subsidiary, Copsapar Participacoes SA, which owns 100% of the Novo Rumo, acquired 100% of the shares of Teaçu of Rezende Barbosa for R$ 121,131 and issue of 90,736,131 shares of Novo Rumo, equivalent to 28.82% of their capital. Teaçu holds a port concession and operates a dedicated terminal for export of sugar and other agricultural products.

As a result of this transaction, Cosan S.A. reduced its indirect participation in Novo Rumo to 64.06%.

The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred totaled R$ 382,908, which is formed by:

Cash
    121,131  
Common stock at fair value
    261,777  
Total consideration transferred
    382,908  

In the absence of a market price, the fair value of shares included in the consideration transferred was calculated using an income approach, using the present value of estimated future cash flows.
 
 
 
40

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


10.
Business combinations (Continued)

 
f.
Teaçu Armazéns Gerais S.A. (“Teaçú”) (Continued)

The table below shows the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.

Description
     
Property, plant and equipment
    101,711  
Intangible assets
    316,977  
Inventories
    2,768  
Others assets
    61,740  
Loans and Long-term debt
    (43,355 )
Suppliers
    (1,111 )
Provision for judicial demands
    (7,532 )
Deferred income and social contribution taxes
    (104,551 )
Others liabilities
    (7,136 )
Net assets acquired
    319,511  
Consideration transferred, net of cash acquired
    382,432  
Goodwill
    62,921  

The goodwill was assigned to Rumo operating segment.

The purchase price for the acquisition of Teaçu was allocated based on the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Cosan S.A. obtained an independent valuation of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, loans and Long-term debt and internally determined the fair value of other assets and liabilities of the acquiree.

 
g.  
Pro forma information

If the entities acquired during 2012 had been included in the income statement since the beginning of the year the change  to historical revenue and income would not be significantly different from the historical results presented.


11.
Equity method investments

         
Investments
   
Equity income in affiliate
 
   
Interest
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                               
Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A.
    18.92 %     283,259       260,756       22,514       28,658  
Codexis Inc
    15.50 %     49,866       -       (1,086 )     -  
Logum Logística S.A. ("Logum")
    20.00 %     25,731       18,300       (4,796 )     -  
Other investments
            60,173       25,086       16,636       (3,471 )
              419,029       304,142       33,268       25,187  
 
 
 
41

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

11.
Equity method investments (Continued)

Changes on Investments:

Balances at April 1, 2009
    323,077  
Equity income (loss)
    4,178  
Additions to investments
    48,805  
Change from associate to subsidiary
    (119,051 )
Others
    3,805  
Balances at March 31, 2010
    260,814  
Equity income (loss)
    25,187  
Additions to investments
    37,979  
Change from associate to subsidiary
    (20,015 )
Others
    177  
March 31, 2011
    304,142  
Equity income (loss)
    33,268  
Addition to  investments
    42,328  
Net addition from de-consolidation of subsidiaries and formation of the JVs (a)
    38,114  
Others
    1,177  
March 31, 2012
    419,029  

 
(a)  
The Company has reflected this roll-forward activity as a “net” adjustment.  This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the equity method investments of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the fair value of the equity method investments then proportionally consolidated.

Information on associates

At March 31, 2012
 
   
Assets
   
Liabilities
   
Equity
   
Net income (loss)
 
Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A.
    1,685,618       188,392       1,497,226       162,544  
Codexis
    247,663       60,552       187,111       (2,138 )
Logum
    741,782       484,471       257,311       (28,670 )

At March 31, 2011
 
   
Assets
   
Liabilities
   
Equity
   
Net income (loss)
 
Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A.
    1,804,609       426,355       1,378,254       151,421  
Logum
    101,982       8,343       93,639       (4,829 )

 
 
42

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

12.  
Biological assets

Changes in biological assets (sugarcane plants) are described below:

Balances at April 1, 2009
    754,231  
Change in fair value
    44,871  
Increase due to planting and growing costs
    647,467  
Harvested cane transferred to inventory
    (483,325 )
Balances at March 31, 2010
    963,244  
Change in fair value
    381,894  
Increase due to planting and growing costs
    745,572  
Harvested cane transferred to inventory
    (616,693 )
Increase resulting from business combination
    87,115  
Balances at March 31, 2011
    1,561,132  
Changes in fair value
    60,093  
Increase due to planting and growing costs
    551,974  
Harvested cane transferred to inventory
    (401,592 )
Proportional consolidation impact due to the formation of JVs (50%) (a)
    (803,584 )
Balances at March 31, 2012
    968,023  

 
(a)  
The Company has reflected this roll-forward activity as a “net” adjustment.  This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the biological assets of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the fair value  of the biological assets of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.
 
 
(*) 
R$19,047 of this amount was allocated in sugar and ethanol inventory as of March 31, 2012.
 
Sugarcane plants

Areas cultivated represent only sugarcane, without considering the land where these crops are found. The following assumptions were used to determine fair value using the discounted cash flow:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Crop area (hectares)
    382,798       340,386  
Expect productivity (tons of cane per hectare)
    78,20       84,74  
Total amount of recoverable sugar – ATR (kg)
    137,27       138,54  
Price kg ATR projected average (R$/kg)
    0,4881       0,4228  

Sugar production depends on the volume and sucrose content of sugarcane grown or supplied by farmers located near the plants. The yield of the crop and the sucrose content in sugarcane mainly depend on weather conditions such as rainfall rate and temperature, which may vary and fluctuate.

Historically, weather conditions have caused volatility in ethanol and sugar production, and consequently in operating results because it cause damage to the annual harvest. Future climate conditions may reduce the amount of sugar and sugarcane that the Company will obtain in a particular season or in the sucrose content of sugarcane. Additionally, the Company’s business is subject to seasonality according to the growth cycle of sugarcane in the south-central region of Brazil. The period of annual harvest of sugarcane in South-Central region of Brazil begins in April / May and ends in November / December. This creates variations in stock, usually high in November to cover sales between crop (i.e. from December to April) and a degree of seasonality in gross profit from sales of ethanol and sugar significantly lower in the last quarter of fiscal year. The seasonality and any reduction in the volume of sugar recovered could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
 
 
 
43

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
13.  
Property, plant and equipment


Cost:
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2011
   
 
 
 
Additions
   
 
 
 
Write-offs
   
 
 
 
 Transfers
   
De-consolidation
and JVs
formation,
net (a)
   
 
 
Business combination
   
 
March 31, 2012
 
Land and Rural Properties
    1,263,240       -       (40,011 )     15,965       384,561       (53,266 )     1,570,489  
Buildings and Improvements
    1,122,256       4,764       (24,559 )     89,661       (153,107 )     30,899       1,069,914  
Machinery, Equipment and Facilities
    4,980,432       49,056       (30,209 )     330,325       (69,256 )     14,196       5,274,544  
Airplanes
    30,903       4,839       (4,691 )     -       -       -       31,051  
Rail Car and Locomotives
    341,647       -       -       50,000       -       -       391,647  
Vessels and Vehicles
    323,042       3,046       (6,758 )     10,312       (26,703 )     167       303,106  
Furniture and Fixtures and Computer Equipment
    137,206       520       (21,012 )     16,114       (8,869 )     1,308       125,267  
Construction in progress
    1,367,712       980,855       (6,022 )     (782,762 )     (888,102 )     3,319       675,000  
Major maintenance and inspections of machinery and equipment and parts
    1,043,342       362,511       (747,891 )     -       (394,513 )     -       263,449  
Others
    4,782       13,077       (17,715 )     796       156,568       -       157,508  
Total
    10,614,562       1,418,668       (898,868 )     (269,589 )     (999,421 )     (3,377 )     9,861,975  
                                                         
Depreciation:
                                                       
Buildings and Improvements
    (287,620 )     (43,716 )     11,539       -       59,344       (2,457 )     (262,910 )
Machinery, Equipment and Facilities
    (1,472,512 )     (288,990 )     19,506       14,968       346,824       (8,508 )     (1,388,712 )
Airplanes
    (15,195 )     (1,839 )     860       -       -       -       (16,174 )
Rail Car and Locomotives
    (6,128 )     (12,269 )     -       -       -       -       (18,397 )
Vessels and Vehicles
    (150,146 )     (24,667 )     4,750       -       47,416       (114 )     (122,761 )
Furniture and Fixtures and Computer Equipment
    (87,460 )     (11,297 )     18,750       -       (559 )     (735 )     (81,301 )
Major maintenance and inspections of machinery and equipment and parts
    (611,859 )     (303,082 )     747,891       -       167,050       -       -  
Others
    (3,118 )     (6,942 )     9,297       -       (103,994 )     -       (104,757 )
Total
    (2,634,038 )     (692,802 )     812,593       14,968       516,081       (11,814 )     (1,995,012 )
      7,980,524       725,865       (86,275 )     (254,621 )     (483,340 )     (15,192 )     7,866,963  

(a)  
The Company has reflected this roll-forward activity as a “net” adjustment.  This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the property, plant and equipment of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the property, plant and equipment of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.
 

Capitalization of borrowing costs

During the year ended March 31, 2012, borrowing costs capitalized amounted to R$ 71,661 (R$ 70,543 during the year ended March 31, 2011 and R$ 43,302 in 2010). The weighted average interest rate, used for capitalization of interest on the balance of construction in progress, was 8.60% per year at 2012 (9.13% per year during the year ended March 31, 2011and 6.47% in 2011).
 
 
 
44

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 
 
14.  
Intangible assets
 
Cost
 
March 31, 2011
   
Additions
   
Write-offs
   
Transfers
   
De-consolidation
and JVs
formation,
net (a)
   
 
Business combination
   
 
March 31, 2012
 
Software license
    98,063       849       (20 )     14,954       (6,992 )     116       106,970  
Trademarks
    429,671       -       (11,286 )     -       190,026       -       608,411  
Goodwill
    2,697,221       -       (637,534 )     -       836,601       35,966       2,932,254  
Customer Base
    583,420       23,437       -       8,857       269,666       -       885,380  
 Leases
    155,505       -       (232 )     -       (75,354 )     -       79,919  
Distribution rights
    170,291       129,340       -       9,381       142,359       -       451,371  
Railroad access rights
    -       -       -       236,397       -       -       236,397  
Others
    43,263       12,249       (8,649 )     -       75,209       -       122,072  
Total
    4,177,434       165,875       (657,721 )     269,589       1,431,515       36,082       5,422,774  
                                                         
Amortization
                                                       
Software license
    (66,111 )     (8,508 )     20       -       (10,357 )     (100 )     (85,056 )
Trademarks
    (98,710 )     (44,579 )     -       -       32,858       -       (110,431 )
Customer base
    (41,038 )     (46,904 )     -       -       21,796       -       (66,146 )
 Leases
    (15,118 )     (3,792 )     232       -       6,026       -       (12,652 )
Distribution rights
    (62,387 )     (36,627 )     -       -       (34,641 )     -       (133,655 )
improvement in public concessions
                            (14,968 )     -       -       (14,968 )
Others
    (4,495 )     (13,945 )     (222 )     -       (48,949 )     -       (67,611 )
Total
    (287,859 )     (154,355 )     30       (14,968 )     (33,267 )     (99 )     (490,519 )
      3,889,575       11,520       (657,691 )     254,620       1,398,247       35,983       4,932,255  

(a)  
The Company has reflected this roll-forward activity as a “net” adjustment.  This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of intangible assets of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the fair value of the  intangible assets of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.

Intangible asset (except goodwill)
 
Annual
Amortization rate %
 
2012
 
2011
             
Software
 
20.00%
 
21,915
 
31,952
Trademarks Fuel Distributors (a)
 
20.00%
 
260,313
 
68,696
Trademark Mobil (b)
 
10.00%
 
154,082
 
176,911
Trademark União (c)
 
2.00%
 
83,585
 
85,354
Customer base (d)
 
3.45%
 
535,405
 
247,907
Operation license and customer base (e)
 
3.70%
 
283,829
 
294,475
Favorable operating leases (f)
 
5.56%
 
67,267
 
140,387
Distribution rights (g)
 
Straight line over contract term
 
317,717
 
107,904
Railroad access rights (h)
 
Over the life of the agreement
 
221,429
 
-
Others
     
54,459
 
38,768
Total
     
2,000,001
 
1,192,354

 
(a)  
Refers to the right to use the trademark of fuel distribution through its joint venture Raízen Combustíveis.
 
(b)  
Refers to the right to use the trademark of Mobil lubricants.
 
(c)  
Refers to the right to use the trademark sugar União arising from business combination.
 
(d)  
Refers to the relationship between Raízen Combustívies and the gas station that maintain its flags and customer base acquired through business combination.
 
(e)  
Refers to the customer base of Teacu acquired in its business combination
 
(f)  
Refers to favorable lease contracts arising from the acquisition of Curupay
 
(g)  
Intangible assets arising from exclusivity rights for fuel distribution.
 
(h)  
Refers to railroad access rights in connection with cash contributed for improvements made on railroads operated by ALL (America Latina Logistica) based on a transportation agreement with Rumo entered into on December 24, 2009, expiring December 31, 2028.
 
 
 
45

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


14.
Intangible assets (Continued)

Impairment testing of goodwill

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to the operating segments of the Company, at which goodwill is monitored for purposes of internal administration, not above the Company's operating segments. Goodwill acquired through business combinations and those arising from the formation of the Joint Venture were allocated to four cash-generating units, which are also operating segments that provide information, as shown below:
 
             
Carrying amount of goodwill
 
2012
   
2011
 
             
Cash-generating unit Raízen Energia
    1,405,407       1,877,833  
Cash-generating unit Raízen Combustíveis
    855,907       184,415  
Cash-generating unit Rumo
    98,970       63,814  
Cash-generating unit Cosan - Other Business
    571,970       571,159  
Total Goodwill
    2,932,254       2,697,221  

As defined in the accounting policy described in note 2.3, the Company tests annually the recoverable amount of goodwill. Nonfinancial long term assets, not subject to amortization, are reviewed whenever there are indications that the carrying value is not recoverable.

The Company uses the value in use method to determine the recoverable amount of the asset.  The value in use method is based on the projection of the expected cash flows of cash-generating units. In connection with the application of the value in use method, the key assumptions are sales prices of all commodities, operating costs, capital investment and discount rates.

Management determines its cash flows based on its annual budgets taking into account for each cash generating unit: (i) Raízen Energia: the expected long-term sales price of commodities, productivity of agricultural areas, the performance of total recoverable sugar (“ATR”), and related costs; (ii) Raízen Combustíveis: the expected growth in operations based on gross domestic product and other macroeconomic aspects; (iii) Rumo: expectations of the Brazilian sugar production destined designated mainly for export; (iv) Cosan other businesses, mainly in the expected growth in operations based on gross domestic product and other macroeconomic aspects, as well as expected sales price of commodities. All these cash flows are discounted at rates that reflect specific risks relating to assets relevant to each cash generating unit.

Management has not identified any impairments for its cash generating units. The determination of the recoverable amount depends on certain key assumptions as described above which are influenced by market conditions, technological and economic forces present at the time that the impairment test is undertaken and thus management cannot determine if impairment losses will occur in the future.
 
 
 
46

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 


15.
Loans and Long Term Debt

Description (1)
 
Index
 
Average annual interest rate (2)
 
2012
 
2011
 
Maturity date
Senior Notes Due 2014
 
Dollar (USD)
 
9.5%
 
322,654
 
576,814
 
Jul-14
Senior Notes Due 2017
 
Dollar (USD)
 
7.0%
 
368,601
 
658,954
 
Feb-17
BNDES
 
URTJLP
 
2.54%
 
683,586
 
1,308,034
 
Oct-25
   
Pre fixed
 
4.5%
 
185,568
 
242,508
 
Jul-20
   
UMBND
 
6.59%
 
18,365
 
38,947
 
Jul-19
   
Dollar (USD)
 
6.94%
 
11
 
-
 
Nov-12
Bank Credit Notes
 
CDCA
 
0.55%+CDI
 
-
 
31,378
 
Dec-11
ACC
 
Dollar (USD)
 
1.73%
 
138,369
 
228,229
 
Aug-12
Perpetual Notes
 
Dollar (USD)
 
8.25%
 
930,094
 
1,236,209
   
Resolution 2471 (PESA)
 
IGP-M
 
3.95%
 
316,108
 
674,392
 
Apr-23
   
Pre fixed
 
3.0%
 
53
 
114
 
Oct-25
Rural Credits
 
Pre fixed
 
6.75%
 
20,460
 
92,352
 
Oct-12
Working capital
 
Dollar (USD) + Libor
 
2.42%
 
410,002
 
-
 
Sep-16
   
IGP-M
 
11%
 
88
 
-
 
Dec-12
   
Pre fixed
 
13.78%
 
5,332
 
-
 
Mar-15
Pre Payments
 
Dollar (USD) + Libor
 
4.27%
 
507,454
 
736,472
 
Feb-16
Credit Notes
 
110% CDI
 
-
 
341,226
 
303,719
 
Feb-14
   
Dollar (USD)
 
2.35%
 
52,891
 
314,105
 
Feb-13
   
Pre-fixed
 
6.25%
 
-
 
10,142
 
Oct-12
Finame
 
Pre-fixed
 
4.83%
 
397,515
 
517,842
 
Jul-20
   
URTJLP
 
2.21%
 
337,091
 
187,336
 
Mar-21
   
UMBND
 
8.44%
 
16
 
-
 
Oct-12
Other
 
Diverses
 
Diverses
 
163,905
 
74,482
 
Diverse
           
5,199,389
 
7,232,029
   
Current
         
540,237
 
957,134
   
Non-Current
         
4,659,152
 
6,274,895
   

(1)  
All loans and long-term debt are guaranteed by promissory notes and endorsements of the Company and its jointly-controlled subsidiaries and controlling shareholders, besides other guarantees, such as: i) Credit rights originated from energy contracts (BNDES); ii) CTN and land mortgages; and iii) underlying assets being financed (Finame).
(2)  
Financial charges on March 31, 2012;


Long-term debt has the following scheduled maturities:

   
2012
   
2011
 
13 to 24 months
    747,146       745,454  
25 to 36 months
    1,085,917       762,649  
37 to 48 months
    1,295,155       1,010,797  
49 to 60 months
    591,534       777,963  
61 to 72 months
    179,137       878,092  
73 to 84 months
    300,921       222,289  
85 to 96 months
    220,893       453,711  
Thereafter
    238,449       1,423,940  
      4,659,152       6,274,895  

PESA - Resolution 2471- Special Agricultural Financing Program (Programa Especial de Saneamento de Ativos), or PESA

From 1998 to 2000, the Company and current the jointly-controlled Raízen Energia renegotiated their debts related to financing for agricultural costs with several financial institutions, reducing it to annual interest rates below 10%, ensuring the repayment of debt’s principal with assignment and transfer of Treasury Certificates, redeemable at the debt clearing, using the incentives promoted by Central Bank resolution No. 2471 of February 26, 1998. That debt is self-cleared by CTN, as mentioned in explanatory note 5.
 
 
 
47

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


15.
Loans and Long Term Debt (Continued)

Senior Notes Due 2014

On August 4, 2009, the indirect subsidiary CCL Finance Limited issued Senior Notes in the international market in accordance with “Regulation S” and “Rule 144A” in the amount of US$350 million, which are subject to interest of 9.5% per year, payable semiannually in February and August each year, beginning in February 2010.

Senior Notes Due 2017

On January 26, 2007, the wholly-owned indirect controlled Cosan Finance Limited issued Senior Notes in the international market in accordance with the “Regulation S” and “Rule 144A” in the amount of US$ 400 million, which are subject to interest at 7% per annum, payable semiannually in February and August of each year.

BNDES

Refers to the financing of cogeneration projects, greenfields (sugar and ethanol mills) and expansion of the logistics segment.

Perpetual Notes

On January 24 and February 10, 2006, Cosan S.A. issued perpetual notes which are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange - EURO MTF. These notes bear interest at a rate of 8.25% per year, payable quarterly on May 15, August 15, November 15 and February 15 of each year, beginning May 15, 2006. Those notes were repaid in May 2011 in connection with the internal restructuring to form the JVs.

On November 5, 2010 and July 13, 2011 the subsidiary Cosan Overseas Limited issued $500,000 of perpetual notes in the foreign market, in accordance with “Regulation S”. These notes bear interest at a rate of 8.25% per year, payable quarterly

Advances on Foreign Exchange Contracts (“ACC”), Pre payments and Credit Notes

ACC contracts, pre payments and credit notes have been signed with several financial institutions and will be cleared through exports made from 2011 to 2014. These transactions are subject to interest rates ranging from 1.0% to 6.25% per annum payable semiannually and on maturity.

Bank Debt – working capital

On May 16, 2011, a bank debt of US$ 450 million was issued in favor of the jointly-controlled subsidiary Raízen Energia in order to replace (and repay) the perpetual notes issued in 2006. This bank debt matures in two years, its interest is payable quarterly and is subject to Libor + interest of 2.15% per annum.
 
 
 
48

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


15.
Loans and Long Term Debt (Continued)

Finame

Finame borrowings are financing related to financing of machinery and equipment. These loans are subject to interest payable monthly and are secured by underlying financed assets.

Covenants

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities are subject to certain restrictive financial covenants set forth in existing loans and financing agreements. At March 31, 2012, Cosan, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities were in compliance with its debt covenants.


16. 
Tax Payable

Cosan Limited is incorporated in Bermuda which has no income taxes. The following relates to Brazilian taxes of Cosan S.A., its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities.

   
2012
   
2011
 
ICMS – State VAT
    66,601       72,265  
IPI
    4,631       30,661  
INSS
    13,029       25,309  
PIS
    5,003       7,229  
COFINS
    21,294       33,721  
Recovery program - Refis IV
    1,287,941       670,645  
Income Tax
    11,973       20,928  
Others
    33,871       23,597  
      1,444,343       884,355  
Current
    241,719       245,284  
Non – current
    1,202,624       639,071  

Tax recovery program – Law 11.941/09 e Provisional Measure 470/09 (“Refis IV”)

On May 27, 2009 and October 13, 2009, Law 11.941 and MP 470 were approved by the Brazilian government creating a tax recovery program, permitting the taxpayer to settle its federal tax debts, previous recovery programs, and other federal taxes under court discussions with discounts on previously charged penalties and interest and in installments. Such discounts generated a gain of R$270,333, recorded in the 2009 income statement.

Additionally, it was permitted for the taxpayer to offset a portion of the penalties and interest due with its balance of income tax loss carry forwards. MP470 also allowed taxpayers to use tax losses to offset the principal balance related to IPI taxes.

On June 28, 2011 the subsidiary Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialides S.A., successor entity of Esso Brasileira de Petróleio Ltda. (“Essobrás”), joined the tax recovery program upon request of ExxonMobil Brasil Holdings B.V. (“ExxonMobil”) (See Note 5).
 
 
 
49

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


16.  
Tax Payable (Continued)

Maturities of long-term taxes payable are as follows:

   
2012
 
13 to 24 months
    99,083  
25 to 36 months
    97,707  
37 to 48 months
    97,254  
49 to 60 months
    96,909  
61 to 72 months
    96,270  
73 to 84 months
    95,229  
85 to 96 months
    95,229  
Thereafter
    524,943  
      1,202,624  


17.  
Income taxes and social contribution

Cosan is incorporated in Bermuda which has no income taxes. The following relates to Brazilian income taxes of Cosan S.A., its subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities.

 
a)  
Reconciliation of income and social contribution tax expenses:

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Pretax Income
    3,302,545       1,182,164       1,505,797  
Income tax and social contribution at nominal rate (34%)
    (1,122,865 )     (401,936 )     (511,971 )
Adjustments to determine the effective rate:
                       
Equity pick up
    11,311       8,563       1,421  
Non deductable donations
    (3,817 )     (9,131 )     (4,167 )
Non-taxable income of the Company
    406       (3,026 )     11,201  
Tax effect due tax recovery program – REFIS IV
    -       -       59,038  
Others
    4,752       (8,978 )     21,174  
Income Tax and Social contribution Expense( current and deferred)
    (1,110,213 )     (414,508 )     (423,304 )
Effective Rate
    33.62 %     35.06 %     28.12 %

 
b)
Deferred income tax on assets and liabilities

 
   
2012
         
2011
 
   
Basis
   
IRPJ 25%
   
CSLL 9%
   
Total
   
Total
 
Tax Losses:
                             
Tax Losses
    2,205,303       551,326       -       551,326       273,555  
Negative basis of social contribution
    2,198,476       -       197,863       197,863       99,609  
                                         
Temporary Differences:
                                       
Monetary exchange
    (109,962 )     (27,491 )     (9,897 )     (37,388 )     (274,189 )
Accelerated depreciation
    (55,192 )     (13,798 )     -       (13,798 )     (4,596 )
Goodwill
    (678,008 )     (169,502 )     (61,021 )     (230,523 )     (252,323 )
Business Combination
    (1,585,714 )     (396,429 )     (142,714 )     (539,143 )     (626,913 )
Gain on the de-recognition of subsidiaries operations to form the JVs
    (3,501,590 )     (875,397 )     (315,143 )     (1,190,540 )     -  
FMV of PP&E and intangible assets on JVs
    (2,618,000 )     (654,500 )     (235,620 )     (890,120 )     -  
Deemed Cost
    (366,151 )     (91,537 )     (32,954 )     (124,491 )     (124,490 )
Other effects
    1,107,081       276,770       99,638       376,408       113,715  
                                         
Total of deferred taxes
            (1,400,558 )     (499,848 )     (1,900,406 )     (795,632 )
Deferred Income Tax – Asset
                            543,024       116,985  
Deferred Income Tax – Liabilities
                            (2,443,430 )     (912,617 )
 
 
 
50

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
17.  
Income taxes and social contribution (Continued)

 
b)
Deferred income tax on assets and liabilities (Continued)

In assessing the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. There is no expiration term for the net operating loss carry forwards. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes it is more likely than not that Cosan S.A. will realize the benefits of these deductible differences at March  31, 2012, as well as the net operating loss carry forwards. The amount of the deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carry forward period are reduced. Income tax losses carry forward and social contribution tax losses may be offset against a maximum of 30% of annual taxable income earned, with no statutory limitation period.


18.  
Provision for judicial demands

   
2012
   
2011
 
Tax
    620,835       418,744  
Civil
    168,952       82,599  
Labor
    261,890       164,939  
      1,051,677       666,282  

Judicial deposits on March 31, 2012  and 2011 are presented as follows:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Tax
    411,619       167,547  
Civil
    26,970       15,385  
Labor
    65,142       31,887  
Other
    5,504       3,553  
      509,235       218,372  

 
 
51

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

18.  
Provision for judicial demands (Continued)

Changes in provision for judicial demands:
 
   
Tax
   
Civil
   
Labor
   
Total
 
Balance at March 31, 2010
    397,051       66,556       148,376       611,983  
Provision
    36,103       61,217       38,818       136,138  
Settlements
    (6,648 )     (11,278 )     (27,901 )     (45,827 )
Write off
    (45,094 )     (59,767 )     (4,418 )     (109,279 )
Addition from acquisition
    14,722       3,404       4,882       23,008  
Monetary variation
    22,610       22,467       5,182       50,259  
Balance at March 31, 2011
    418,744       82,599       164,939       666,282  
Provisions of the period
    102,919       67,685       73,379       243,983  
Settlements
    (1,856 )     (20,772 )     (2,857 )     (25,485 )
Write-off
    (57,337 )     (42,591 )     (10,085 )     (110,013 )
Net addition from de-consolidation of subsidiaries and formation of the JVs (a)
    128,206       65,165       18,910       212,281  
Monetary variation
    30,159       16,866       17,604       64,629  
Balance at March 31, 2012
    620,835       168,952       261,890       1,051,677  

 
(a)  
The Company has reflected this roll-forward activity as a “net” adjustment.  This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the provisions of de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the fair value of provisions of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.
 
Judicial demands deemed as probable loss

 
(a)  
Tax

The major tax legal proceeding as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 are described as follows:

Description
 
2012
   
2011
 
IPC – 89 (i)
    82,173       80,273  
Compensation with Finsocial (ii)
    195,421       183,706  
CIDE (iii)
    93,841       -  
ICMS credits (iv)
    97,552       56,880  
PIS and COFINS
    17,445       8,220  
IPI
    15,970       20,759  
IRPJ and CSLL
    2,110       2,093  
Other
    116,323       66,813  
      620,835       418,744  

 
(i)  
Since 1993, the subsidiary Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades (“Cosan CLE”) filed a suit to challenge the balance sheet restatement index (IPC) established by the federal government in 1989, considering the such index did not reflect the actual inflation back then. The use of this index led the Company to supposedly overstate and overpay the income and social contribution taxes. Cosan CLE obtained a favorable preliminary court ruling that allowed it to recalculate the financial position, using indexes that accurately measured the inflation over the period. In doing so the company adjusted the amounts of income and social contribution taxes payable and identified that overpayments for both taxes were offset in subsequent years until 1997. Despite the favorable court rulings, tax authorities issued a notice of infringement to the Company challenging all tax offsets performed in 1993 and some offsets in 1994 and 1997, which led the Company to record a provision in relation to those court rulings. There are no judicial deposits in connection with this provision.

 
(ii)  
During the period from October 2003 to November 2006 the subsidiary Cosan CL  compensated FINSOCIAL with several other federal taxes, based on a final court decision in Set/2003 in the context of an action that was discussed the constitutionality of the FINSOCIAL. No judicial deposits related to these processes.
 
 
 
52

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

18.
Provision for judicial demands (Continued)

Judicial demands deemed as probable loss (Continued)

 
(a)  
Tax (Continued)

(iv)  
Prior the formation of the JV, Raízen Combustíveis, former Shell Brasil Ltda, recorded CIDE on services provided by operations. This contingency will be reimbursed by Shell if any payment is required , an equivalent amount is recorded as a receivable. Judicial deposits in connection with this provision amount to R$170,835.

(v)  
The provision for ICMS credits is comprised of: (a) tax assessment received, in which, despite the defense filed at the administrative and judicial levels, the legal counsel of the Company understand it is more likely than not that a loss will occur, (b) recovery of credits and financial charges on issues in which Company´s management has a differing view from the tax authorities. Judicial deposits in connection with this provision amount to R$8,392.

 
(b)  
Civil and Labor claims

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities are parties to a number of civil claims related to (i) indemnity for physical and moral damages; (ii) public civil claims related to sugarcane stubble burning; and (iii) environmental matters.

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities are also parties to a number of labor claims filed by former employees and service providers challenging, among other factors, the payment of additional hours, night shift premium and risk premium, employment inclusion, reimbursement of discounts from payroll, such as social contribution, trade union charges, among others.

Judicial demands deemed as possible loss

 
(a)  
Tax claims

The main tax claims for which the unfavorable outcome is deemed possible and, therefore, no provision for legal claims was recorded in the financial statement, are as follows:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Withholding income taxes (i)
    204,249       194,498  
ICMS – State VAT (ii)
    1,705,220       490,896  
IPI – Federal VAT (iii)
    378,735       270,817  
 Compensation with IPI – IN 67/98 (iv)
    188,479       181,292  
Contribution to IAA - Sugar & Ethanol Institute
    2,637       -  
INSS - social security and other (v)
    83,875       72,616  
PIS and COFINS (vi)
    529,257       163,129  
IR/CSLL (vii)
    532,131       -  
Others
    490,834       197,884  
      4,115,417       1,571,132  

 
(i)  
Tax assessment – withholding income tax

In September 2006 the Federal Revenue Service served another notice of infringement on the Company, this time for failure to withhold and pay income tax at source on capital gains derived from the acquisition of a subsidiary.
 
 
 
53

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 


18.
Provision for judicial demands (Continued)

Judicial demands deemed as possible loss (Continued)

 
(a)  
Tax claims (Continued)

 
(ii)  
ICMS

Refers mainly to (i) tax assessment filed in view of the alleged lack of payment of ICMS and non-compliance with accessory obligation, in connection with the partnership and manufacturing upon demand, with Central Paulista Açúcar e Álcool Ltda., between May to December 2006 and May to December 2007; and (ii) ICMS levied on the remittances of crystallized sugar for export purposes. In accordance with the tax agent, such product is classified as semi-finished product and that, in accordance with the ICMS regulation, would be subject to taxation, (iii) ICMS levied on possible differences in terms of sugar and alcohol inventories, arising from magnetic tax files and Inventory Registry Books and (iv) ICMS concerning rate difference due to ethanol sales to companies located in other states, which, subsequently, had their registrations revoked and (v) disallowance of credit resulting from the acquisition of diesel used in the production process.

 
(iii)
IPI – Federal VAT

SRF Normative Instruction n° 67/98 approved industrial establishments to transfer certain products without payment of IPI tax. Sugarcane was for the period between July 6, 1995 and November 16, 1997 and refined sugar between January 14, 1992 and November 16, 1997. Such rule was challenged by the Federal Revenue Secretariat against the Company.

 
(iv)  
Offsets against IPI credits – IN 67/98

SRF Normative Instruction No. 67/98 made it possible to obtain refund of IPI tax payments for sales of refined sugar from January 14, 1992 through November 16, 1997. In view of this rule, the Company applied for offsetting amounts paid during the relevant periods against other tax liabilities. However, the Federal Revenue Service denied its application for both reimbursement and offsetting of such amounts. The Company challenged this ruling in an administrative proceeding.

Upon being notified to pay tax debts resulting from offset transactions in light of certain changes introduced by IN SRF No. 210/02, the Company filed a writ of mandamus and applied for a preliminary injunction seeking to stay enforceability of offset taxes, in an attempt to prevent the tax authorities from demanding the relevant tax debts in court. The preliminary injunction was granted by court.

 
(v)
INSS

Refers mainly to tax assessment received and defended by the legal counsel, concerning social security contribution on: (i) stock option plan and (ii) export sales and (iii) resale of materials for companies under common control and suppliers.

 
(vi)
PIS and COFINS

Refers, mainly, to the reversal of PIS and COFINS credits, provided by Laws 10.637/2002 and 10.833/2003, respectively. Those reversals arise from a differing interpretation of the laws by the Internal Revenue Service in regard to raw materials. Such discussions are still at the administrative level.

 
(vii)
IR/CSLL – Assessment Notice

In December 2011, the Company received notices of violation in the amount of R$ 400,318, drawn up by the Federal Revenue of Brazil charging of income tax and social calendar years 2006 to 2009, questioning: (i) deductibility of expenses for amortization of certain goodwill (ii) compensation for tax losses and negative social contribution calculation and (iii) tax on revaluation differences of the property included in fixed assets. The Company filed its defense in January 2012 and, together with its legal advisors, classified as remote loss amounted to R $ 207,078 as a possible loss and the amount of R$ 204,221. The remaining R$ 327,710 refers to various other claims in connection with income taxes and social contribution in several legal entities pertaining the subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities.
 
 
 
54

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


18.
Provision for judicial demands (Continued)

Judicial demands deemed as possible loss (Continued)

 
(b)  
Civil and labor

The main civil and labor claims for which the unfavorable outcome is deemed possible are as follow:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Civil
    869,954       377,608  
Labor
    1,200,573       302,289  
      2,070,527       679,897  

19.  
Commitments

Sales

The jointly-controlled entity “Raízen Energia” is mainly engaged in the commodities market and sales are substantially performed at the price on the date of sale. However, Raizen Energia has several agreements in the sugar market, which undertake to sell volumes of those products in future harvests.

The commitments for the sale of sugar, in tons, as March 31, 2012 are as follows:

      2012 (*)
2012-2013 harvest
    2,518,640  
2013-2014 harvest 
    1,714,101  
Total
    4,232,741  

(*) Represents 100% of the commitments of Raízen Energia, of which the Company proportionately consolidates only 50%.

Purchases

Raízen Energia has several commitments for the purchase of sugarcane from third parties in order to secure part of its production in subsequent years. The amount of sugarcane to be acquired has been calculated based on an estimate of the quantity to be ground by area. The amount to be paid by the jointly-controlled is determined at the end of each harvest, according to prices published by CONSECANA.

Purchase commitments by harvest, in thousands of tons on March 31, 2012 are as follows:

Fiscal Year
    2012 (*)
2012-2013 harvest 
    25,130  
2013-2014 harvest 
    24,747  
2014-2015 harvest 
    22,096  
2015-2016 harvest 
    19,624  
After  2016
    129,601  
Total
    221,198  
 
 
 
55

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


19.  
Commitments (Continued)

Purchases (Continued)

(*) Represents 100% of the commitments of Raízen Energia, of which the Company proportionately consolidates only 50%.

The jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia has contracts to purchase industrial equipment intended for maintenance and expansion of the mills, as well as to meet the demand of the electric energy co-generation project, in the total amount of R$ 80,076 on March 31, 2012.

The Company through its subsidiary Rumo entered into a commitment to invest in rail track improvements aimed at the expansion of the logistics business, as follows:


Fiscal Year
 
2012
 
2012 
    489,794  
2013 
    44,000  
2014 
    2,000  
Total
    535,794  

Lease Agreements

Operating Leases

Raizen Energia has operating lease contracts on land used for planting sugarcane, which will end within 20 years. The minimum payments related to these obligations are calculated on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The costs for these contracts during the year ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 consisted of the following:

      2012 (*)     2011       2010  
Minimum installment
    214,949       155,800       113,953  
Variable installment
    280,930       186,484       112,990  
Total
    495,879       342,284       226,943  

(*) Represents 100% of the commitments of Raízen Energia, of which the Company proportionately consolidates only 50%

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases (with initial or remaining lease terms in excess of one year) as of March 31, 2012 are:

   
Raízen
Energia (*)
   
Rumo
 
Within 1 year
    553,815       37,303  
Over 1 year,  less than 5 years
    1,673,249       241,741  
More than 5 years
    1,676,005       -  
Total
    3,903,069       279,044  

(*) Represents 100% of the commitments of Raízen Energia, of which the Company proportionately consolidates only 50%
 
 
 
56

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


20.  
Equity

 
a)
Common Stock

As of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011 Cosan Limited’s share capital consists of:

 
Shareholder
 
Class A shares
and/or BDRs
   
%
   
Class B 1 shares
   
%
 
Queluz Holding Limited
    7,941,111       4,55       66,321,766       68,85  
Usina Costa Pinto S.A. Açúcar e Álcool
    -       -       30,010,278       31,15  
Gávea Funds
    39,445,393       22,62       -       -  
Others
    126,968,837       72,83       -       -  
Total
    174,355,341       100,00       96,332,044       100,00  

Class B1 shares entitle their holders to 10 votes per share and Class A shares entitle holders to 1 vote per share.

 
b) 
Repurchase of shares

On September 16, 2011, the Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase plan for the purpose of maintenance in treasury, cancellation or disposal. The repurchase of shares is due to 365 days and the maximum amount of repurchase is US$100 million.

During the year ended March 31, 2012, the Company acquired 5,306,502 shares for R$ 109,392. The average  value acquired during the period was R$ 20.52, and the maximum and minimum value were R$ 22.40 and R$ 17.58, respectively.

As of March 31, 2011, the Company has 5,306,502 treasury shares, which market value, at that date, was R$ 27.06.

 
c)  
Earnings per share

The table below presents the reconciliation of the net income and the weighted average value per share used to the calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share.

Cosan Limited does not have any dilutive potential shares outstanding, therefore the table below presents the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share to exercise year ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011:

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Numerator:
                 
Net income – attributable to owners of the Company
    1,181,342       470,906       706,094  
Denominator:
                       
Weighted average shares outstanding
    266,678,062       270,687,385       270,687,385  
Basic and diluted earnings per share
  R$  4.40     R$  1.74     R$ 2.61  
 
 
 
57

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 


21.  
Gain on the de-recognition of subsidiaries operations to form the Joint Ventures (Raízen Energia e Raízen Combustíveis)

As mentioned in note 1, on June 1, 2011, the Company concluded, together with Shell, the formation of two joint ventures: (1) Raízen Combustíveis, in the fuel distribution segment, and (ii) Raízen Energia, in the sugar and ethanol segment. The Company through its subsidiary Cosan S.A. and Shell share the control of the two entities, each one has 50% of the economic control.
 
The formation of Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis has the objective to create one of the world’s largest producers of sugar, ethanol and bioenergy produced from sugarcane and one of the largest fuel distributors in the Brazilian market.

Due to the formation of Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis, the Company contributed its sugar and ethanol businesses, deconsolidating the related assets and liabilities and recording the remaining interest at fair value.

The process of deconsolidating the contributed business, on June 1, 2011, and the recognition of the new interest at fair value produced a gain of R$2,752,730 recorded during the year and shown below:

Fair value of the remaining interest in the joint ventures (a)
    8,105,546  
Book value of business (assets and liabilities) contributed
    (4,257,640 )
Gain on derecognition of subsidiaries upon formation of JV
    3,847,906  
Other amounts directly attributable to de-recognition of subsidiaries:
       
Write-off of recoverable taxes not realizable  upon de-consolidation (b)
    (83,465 )
Write-off of goodwill previously recorded by Cosan S.A. and Cosan Limited related to the contributed subsidiaries
    (637,534 )
Write-off of unrealized losses in relation to hedge accounting entered into by Cosan S.A. in relation to the operations of the de-consolidated subsidiaries
    (157,988 )
Pre-existing commitments of the de-consolidated subsidiaries
    (78,995 )
Other  amounts (c)
    (137,194 )
Gain de-recognition of subsidiaries upon formation of joint ventures
    2,752,730  

(a)  
Based on appraisal report prepared by independent appraisers.
(b)  
Recoverable taxes recorded by Cosan S.A., considered not realizable, and if received will be reimbursed to Raízen Energia.
(c)  
Other amounts include transactional costs that were directly linked to the de-recognition of the subsidiary operations
 
 
 
58

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


21.  
Gain on the de-recognition of subsidiaries operations to form the Joint Ventures (Raízen Energia e Raízen Combustíveis) (Continued)

Considering that Cosan chose to consolidate proportionally the joint ventures, the fair value of the remaining interest was allocated to the 50% proportion of the fair value of the assets and liabilities of these entities with the purpose to determine the goodwill of the transaction, as show below:

                   
   
Raízen
Energia
   
Raízen
Combustíveis
   
Total
 
Fair value of assets and liabilities:
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
    358,457       273,359       631,816  
Restricted cash
    61,655       -       61,655  
Account Receivable
    385,651       1,026,274       1,411,925  
Derivatives
    114,204       -       114,204  
Inventories
    746,561       831,258       1,577,819  
Receivable from Shell
    1,853,269       -       1,853,269  
Other assets
    1,691,561       1,527,766       3,219,327  
Investments
    120,764       -       120,764  
Biological Assets
    1,607,170       -       1,607,170  
Property,plant and equipment
    9,313,801       2,719,498       12,033,298  
Intangible Assets
    253,152       1,826,224       2,079,376  
Loan and financing
    (5,579,218 )     (926,268 )     (6,505,486 )
Suppliers
    (471,495 )     (557,912 )     (1,029,407 )
Taxes payable
    (255,939 )     35,550       (220,389 )
Other Liabilities
    (2,918,758 )     (2,296,137 )     (5,214,895 )
Non-controlling interests
    (16,457 )     (35,527 )     (51,984 )
Net assets at fair value:
    7,264,378       4,424,085       11,688,462  
Cosan’s interest - 50%
    3,632,190       2,212,042       5,844,232  
Goodwill allocated
    1,405,407       855,907       2,261,314  
Fair value of the remaining interest in joint ventures
    5,037,597       3,067,949       8,105,546  

 
The goodwill of the transaction (R$2,261,314) was allocated to the segments Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis in the proportion of net assets at fair value of each of these investments.

Additional Pro Forma Information

If the JVs formed during 2012 had been included in the income statement since the beginning of the year the revenue would be R$ 26,394,754 and net income would be R$2,264,333.

The Company´s share of the assets and liabilities as at March 31, 2012 and income and expenses of the jointly controlled entity for the year then ended, which is proportionally consolidated in the consolidated financial statements, are as presented in Note 29 – Segment Information. The contingent liabilities and capital commitments of the JVs are disclosed in Notes 18 and 19.
 
 
 
59

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


22.  
Gross Sales

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Gross revenue from sales of products and services
    25,917,922       19,783,250       16,685,884  
Indirect taxes and deductions
    (1,821,041 )     (1,719,770 )     (1,349,829 )
Net revenue
    24,096,881       18,063,480       15,336,055  

23.  
Expenses by nature

Reconciliation of expenses by nature

The expenses are presented in the consolidated results by function. The reconciliation of income by nature/purpose for the years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is detailed as follows:

 
a)  
Expenses by nature:
 
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Raw-material
    (4,612,407 )     (3,657,462 )     (3,902,508 )
Resale fuels
    (15,060,815 )     (10,084,103 )     (8,393,136 )
Payroll
    (568,061 )     (905,510 )     (694,939 )
Commercial expenses
    (535,439 )     (179,283 )     (221,332 )
Transportation and loading
    (401,339 )     (545,212 )     (315,177 )
Depreciation and amortization
    (1,142,780 )     (742,307 )     (644,635 )
Other expenses
    (926,494 )     (607,652 )     (464,006 )
      (23,247,335 )     (16,721,529 )     (14,635,733 )

 
b)  
Segregated as:
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Cost of goods sold
    (21,465,009 )     (15,150,079 )     (13,271,331 )
Selling
    (1,136,285 )     (1,026,000 )     (862,726 )
General and Administrative
    (646,041 )     (545,450 )     (501,676 )
      (23,247,335 )     (16,721,529 )     (14,635,733 )

24.  
Financial results, net

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Financial Expense
                 
Interests
    (546,850 )     (586,887 )     (556,466 )
Monetary variation
    (15,624 )     (81,341 )     (64,395 )
Others
    (25,615 )     (9,138 )     (1,527 )
      (588,089 )     (677,366 )     (622,388 )
Financial Income
                       
Interests
    50,009       63,791       96,521  
Monetary variation
    26,312       34,018       13,374  
Investments
    131,115       90,345       52,530  
Others
    372       603       39,606  
      207,808       188,757       202,031  
                         
Foreign exchange variation, net
    (93,888 )     282,706       558,977  
                         
Derivatives, net
                       
Commodities derivatives
    18,472       6,524       (186,268 )
Exchange rate and interest derivatives
    (711 )     34,984       517,216  
Warrants in associates
    (22,141 )     13,248       23,873  
      (4,380 )     54,756       354,821  
      (478,549 )     (151,147 )     493,441  
 
 
 
60

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

 
25.  
Other Income (expense), net

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Other income
                 
Gain on sale of aviation fuel distribution business
    -       -       52,031  
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    93,892       43,708       -  
Revenue from the sale of scrap and waste
    2,862       6,950       6,417  
Rental and leasing income
    57,197       4,111       6,215  
Reversal of allowance for doubtful accounts with related party
    28,804       -       -  
Revenue from Royalties
    19,739       -       -  
Revenue from customer base
    14,827       -       -  
Other Income
    44,075       8,908       11,536  
      261,396       63,677       76,199  
Other expense
                       
Provision for judicial demands
    (80,835 )     (23,828 )     (25,829 )
Internal costs on Rumo transaction
    (1,971 )     (20,319 )     -  
Donations
    -       (12,335 )     -  
Expenses of subsidiaries acquisition and start up
    (9,497 )     (6,517 )     -  
Other  expense
    (23,543 )     (34,506 )     (12,847 )
      (115,846 )     (97,505 )     (38,676 )
      145,550       (33,828 )     37,523  


26.  
Financial Instruments

Financial risk management

 
a)  
Overview

The Company is exposed to the following risk related to the use of financial instruments:

 
·  
Price risk
 
·  
Foreign exchange rates
 
·  
Interest rates
 
·  
Credit risk
 
·  
Liquidity risk

This note presents information about the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities exposure for which risk above, the object of the Company’s risk management policies, the polices and processes for measurement, risk management and capital management.

 
b)  
Risk management structure

The risks of each type of business markets are managed and monitored by the company and, where applicable, has risk committees to discuss and determine the hedge strategy of the company in accordance with its policies and guidelines.

There is, in Raízen Energia, a Risk Committee that meets weekly to analyze the behavior of commodity markets (mainly sugar), exchange rate and decide about coverage position and sugar pricing strategy to export, seeking to reduce the adverse effects of changes in prices and exchange rates, as well as monitor the liquidity risk and counterparty risk (credit).
 
 
 
61

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

26.  
Financial Instruments (Continued)

 
b)
Risk management structure (Continued)

The Company, its subsidiaries and its jointly-controlled entities are exposed to market risks, mainly related to the volatility of sugar prices and foreign exchange rates. Management analyzes these risks and uses financial instruments to hedge a portion of the risk exposure.

At March 31, 2012 and 2011, fair values related to transactions involving derivative financial instruments with the purpose of hedge or other purposes were measured at market value (fair value) by observables factors such as quoted prices in active markets or discounted cash flows based on market curves and are presented below:

   
Notional
   
Fair Value
       
   
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
   
P&L (*)
 
Raízen Energia
                             
Price risk
                             
Commodity derivatives
                             
Future agreements
    1,194,225       -       24,377       -       24,377  
Option agreements
    8,954       -       782       -       38  
                      25,159       -       24,415  
Price risk
                                       
Exchange rate derivatives
                                       
Future agreements
    490,949       -       1,682       -       1,431  
Option agreements
    258,690       -       1,773       -       1,773  
Price risk
    256,381       -       3,403       -       3,403  
                      6,858       -       6,607  
                                         
Interest rate risk
                                       
Derivative interest
    318,868       -       (1,495 )     -       (1,495 )
                      (1,495 )     -       (1,495 )
                                         
Total Raízen Energia
                    30,522       -       29,527  
Consolidated Cosan (50% Raízen Energia)
                    15,261       -       14,764  
                                         
Derivatives in the Company and subsidiaries
                                       
                                         
Price risk
                                       
Commodity derivatives
                                       
 Future agreements
    -       1,308,033       -       (68,906 )     -  
Option agreements
    -       10,364       -       (17,484 )     -  
                      -       (86,390 )     -  
Price risk
                                       
Exchange rate derivatives
                                       
Future agreements
    -       (114,204 )     -       (117 )     -  
Option agreements
    325,029       694,599       (5,282 )     9,900       (5,282 )
                      (5,282 )     9,783       (5,282 )
Total Cosan  (including 50% Raízen Energia)
                    9,979       (76,607 )     9,482  
 Total of Assets
                    19,590       55,682          
 Total of Liabilities
                    (9,611 )     (132,289 )        

(*) Values from the income statement calculated for the year ended March 31, 2012.
 
 
 
62

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 
 
 
26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

 
c)  
Price Risk

This arises from the potential for fluctuations in the market prices of products sold by the Raizen Energia, mainly raw material sugar - VHP (sugar #11) and white sugar (LIFFE sugar #5). These fluctuations in prices can cause substantial changes in the revenues.  To mitigate these risks, the Raizen Energia constantly monitors the markets, seeking to anticipate changes in prices. The positions of the consolidated derivative financial instruments to hedge the price risk of commodities are shown in the table below:

Price Risk : derivatives of commodities  open at  March 31, 2012
Derivatives
 
Purchased / Sold
 
Market
 
Contract
 
Maturity
 
Notional (units)
 
Notional
(R$ thousand)
 
Fair Value
(R$ thousand)
 
Contracted financial Instruments by Raízen Energia
                             
Composition of balances of derivative financial instruments designated in hedge accounting
                             
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-May-12
 
129,241 T 
 
132,392 
 
4.106 
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Jul-12
 
 440,050 T 
 
434,844 
 
13,778 
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Oct--12
 
 551,358 T 
 
534,580 
 
5,901 
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Mar-13
 
 110,851 T 
 
109,453 
 
223 
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-13
 
 204 T 
   
191 
 
(5)
Sub-total of future sugar sold
 
 1,231,704 T 
 
1,211,460 
 
24,003 
                             
Composition of balances of derivative financial instruments not- designated in hedge accounting
                             
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1- May-12
 
 (25,808 T)
 
(25,589)
 
28  
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Jul-12
 
 (10,160 T)
 
(9,562)
 
160  
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Out-12
 
 (2,693 T)
 
(2,462)
 
120  
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-May-13
 
 (1,422 T)
 
(1,338)
 
64  
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-May-13
 
 (254 T)
 
(240)
 
8  
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-13
 
 (203 T)
 
(187)
 
8  
Sub-total of future sugar purchased
 
 (40,540 T)
 
(39,378)
 
388  
Sub-total of future sugar
 
 1,191,164 T
 
   1,172,082
 
24,391  
Call
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-May-12
 
 (5,080 T)
 
(57)
 
14  
Call
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-12
 
 (111,766 T)
 
(2,760)
 
269 
Sub-total of call purchased
 
 (116,846 T)
 
(2,817)
 
283 
Call
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-May-12
 
 27,687 T 
 
2,751 
 
(11)
Call
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-12
 
 76,204 T 
 
4,500 
 
(184)
Call
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Jul-12
 
 35,562 T 
 
1,820 
 
(86)
Sub-total of call sold
 
 139,453 T 
 
9,071 
 
(281)
Put
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-May-12
 
 27,687 T 
 
2,699 
 
779 
Sub-total de put purchased
 
 27,687 T 
 
2,699 
 
779 
Sub-total of options of sugar
     
8,953 
 
781 
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
ETH
 
30-Mar-12
 
 16,560 m³ 
 
20,430 
 
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
ETH
 
30-Apr-12
 
 18,210 m³ 
 
22,642 
 
(18)
Sub-total of future ethanol sold
   34,770 m³    43,072    (10)
Future
 
Purchased
 
BMFBovespa
 
ETH
  30-Mar-12   (5,910 m³)   (7,473)   (3)
Future
 
Purchased
 
BMFBovespa
 
ETH
 
30-Mar-12
  (10,650 m³)   (13,456)  
Sub-total of future ethanol purchased
 
 (16,560 m³)
 
(20,929)
 
(3)
Sub-total of future ethanol
 
 18,210 m³ 
 
22,143 
 
(13)
Total of  commodities
     
1,203,178 
 
25,159 
 
 
 
63

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 


26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

Price risk: commodity derivatives outstanding on March 31, 2011
Derivatives
 
Long/Short
 
Market
 
Agreement
 
Maturity
 
Notional
 
Notional
 
Fair value
                             
Composition of derivatives financial instruments designated in hedge accounting
           
                             
Future
 
Short
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-May-11
 
23,150 T 
 
26,442 
 
(392)
Future
 
Short
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-May-11
 
208,239 T 
 
200,552 
 
(2,154)
Future
 
Short
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-Jul-11
 
520,877 T 
 
424,617 
 
(43,705)
Future
 
Short
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-Oct-11
 
513,460 T 
 
388,694 
 
(56,734)
Future
 
Short
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-Mar-12
 
139,656 T 
 
121,973 
 
2,827
Sub-total of futures of Sugar Sold
         
1,405,382 T 
 
1,162,278 
 
(100,159)
                             
Composition of derivatives financial instruments not designated in hedge accounting
       
                             
Future
 
Long
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-May-11
 
(55,883 T)
 
(49,591)
 
4,807 
Future
 
Long
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-Jul-11
 
(7,620 T)
 
(6,786)
 
66 
Future
 
Long
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-Oct-11
 
(50,802 T)
 
(40,314)
 
3,758 
Future
 
Long
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-Mar-12
 
(84,027 T)
 
(49,064)
 
22,623 
Sub-total of futures of Sugar Purchased
         
(198,333 T)
 
(145,755)
 
31,253 
                             
Call
 
Short
 
NYBOT/OTC
 
#11
 
1-Oct-11
 
43,182 T 
 
985 
 
(6,559)
Call
 
Short
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-Oct-11
 
55,883 T 
 
3,651 
 
(7,826)
Call
 
Short
 
NYBOT
 
#11
 
1-Jul-12
 
101,605 T 
 
1,177 
 
(4,597)
Sub-total of Call Sold
             
200,669 T 
 
5,813 
 
(18,981)
Put
 
Long
 
NYBOT/OTC
 
#11
 
1-Oct-11
 
43,182 T 
 
985 
 
574 
Put
 
Long
 
NYBOT/OTC
 
#11
 
1-Oct-11
 
55,883 T 
 
3,566 
 
923 
Sub-total de Put Purchased
             
99,065 T 
 
4,551 
 
1,497 
Total de Commodities
                 
1,026,888 
 
(86,390)

The fair value of these derivatives was measured by observable factors, such as quoted prices in active markets and, in some cases, by means of models whose assumptions are observable in the market.
 
 
 
64

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

 
d)  
Foreign Exchange risk

This arises from the possibility of fluctuations in the exchange rates of the foreign currencies used by its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities for the export revenues of products, imports, debt cash flow and other assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency.  Its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities use derivative transactions to manage the risks of cash flow coming from the export revenues denominated in U.S. dollars, net of other cash flows denominated in foreign currency. The table below demonstrates the consolidated positions outstanding on March 31, 2012 of derivatives used to hedge exchange rates:

Price Risk : derivatives  of foreign currencies open in March 31, 2012
 
Derivatives
 
Purchased / Sold
 
Market
 
Contract
 
Maturity
 
Notional (USD)
   
Notional
(R$ Thousand)
   
Fair Value
(R$ Thousand)
 
 
Financial instruments contracted by Raizen Energia
 
                                   
Composition of balances of derivative financial instruments designated in hedge accounting
 
                                   
Term
 
Sold
 
OTC/Cetip
 
NDF
 
  02-Apr-12
 
141,000
   
258,690
   
1,773
 
Sub-total of term sold
     
141,000
   
258,690
   
1,773
 
                                   
Composition of balances of derivative financial instruments non-designated in hedge accounting
 
                                   
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-Apr-12
 
898,000
   
1,563,367
   
6,954
 
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-May-12
 
330,500
   
608,037
   
1,614
 
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-May-12
 
3,250
   
5,967
   
(3
Sub-total of  future sold
     
1,231,750
   
2,177,371
   
8,565
 
Future
 
Purchased
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-Apr-12
 
(922,000
 
(1,685,044
 
(6,882
)
Future
 
Purchased
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-May-12
 
(750
 
(1,378
 
(1
)
Sub-total of  future purchased
     
(922,750
 
(1,686,422
 
(6,883
)
                                   
Exchange lock
 
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
 02-Jul-12
 
20,000
   
38,254
   
1,121
 
Exchange lock
 
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
02-Jul-12
 
30,000
   
58,104
   
2,575
 
Exchange lock
 
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
06-Set-12
 
20,000
   
36,044
   
(1,445
)
Exchange lock
 
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
 13-Set-12
 
40,250
   
74,881
   
(768
)
Exchange lock
 
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
 24-Set-12
 
25,000
   
49,098
   
1,920
 
                   
135,250
   
256,381
   
3,403
 
Total of Exchange rate derivatives (Raízen Energia)
         
585,250
   
1,006,020
   
6,858
 

Derivatives
 
Purchased / Sold
 
Market
 
Contract
 
Maturity
 
Number of Contracts
   
Strike
   
Middle Price
   
Fair Price
   
Notional (USD)
   
Notional
(R$ mil)
   
Fair Value
(R$ thousand)
 
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-May-12
  1     -       1.8944     1.8417       (6,188 )     11,722       348  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-May-12
  1     -       1.6789     1.8417       (4,197 )     7,047       (660 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
3-Aug-12
  1     -       1.9358     1.8771       (4,197 )     7,239       (597 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
3-Aug-12
  1     -       1.7247     1.8771       (6,188 )     11,978       389  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
1-Nov-12
  1     -       1.9780     1.9166       (4,197 )     7,390       (563 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
1-Nov-12
  1     -       1.7607     1.9166       (6,188 )     12,239       455  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-13
  1     -       2.0209     1.9508       (4,197 )     7,546       (524 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-13
  1     -       1.7978     1.9508       (6,188 )     12,504       525  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
3-May-13
  1     -       2.0589     1.9737       (4,197 )     7,696       (472 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
3-May-13
  1     -       1.8336     1.9737       (6,188 )     12,739       597  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
2-Aug-13
  1     -       2.1005     2.0103       (4,197 )     7,859       (430 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
2-Aug-13
  1     -       1.8724     2.0103       (6,188 )     12,997       653  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-13
  1     -       2.1424     2.0480       (4,197 )     8,032       (386 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-13
  1     -       1.9137     2.0480       (6,188 )     13,256       699  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-14
  1     -       2.1852     2.0850       (4,197 )     8,190       (358 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-14
  1     -       1.9513     2.0850       (6,188 )     13,521       747  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
2-May-14
  1     -       2.2211     2.1210       (4,197 )     8,340       (329 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
2-May-14
  1     -       1.9870     2.1210       (6,188 )     13,743       770  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Aug-14
  1     -       2.2630     2.1610       (4,197 )     8,507       (288 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Aug-14
  1     -       2.0268     2.1610       (6,188 )     14,002       820  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-14
  1     -       2.3048     2.2002       (4,197 )     8,666       (250 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-14
  1     -       2.0648     2.2002       (6,188 )     14,261       876  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-15
  1     -       2.3429     2.2394       (4,197 )     8,813       (221 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-15
  1     -       2.0997     2.2394       (6,188 )     14,497       915  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-May-15
  1     -       2.3800     2.2564       (4,197 )     8,942       (201 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-May-15
  1     -       2.1305     2.2564       (6,188 )     14,726       957  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Aug-15
  1     -       2.4247     2.2564       (4,197 )     9,089       (169 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Aug-15
  1     -       2.1656     2.2564       (6,188 )     15,003       1,032  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-15
  1     -       2.4653     2.2564       (4,197 )     9,231       (140 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-15
  1     -       2.1994     2.2564       (6,188 )     15,254       1,087  
Total Exchange rate derivatives (Company and subsidiaries)
                    (155,775 )     325,029       5,282  
 
 
 
65

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 
 

26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

Exchange risk : exchange derivatives outstanding on March 31, 2011
 
Derivatives
 
Long/Short
 
Market
 
Agreement
 
Maturity
 
Notional
   
Fair value
 
                             
Composition of derivatives financial instruments designated in hedge accounting
 
                             
Forward
 
Short
 
OTC/Cetip
 
NDF
 
1-Apr-11
  166,150     3,279  
Forward
 
Short
 
OTC/Cetip
 
NDF
 
31-May-11
  117,782     2,094  
Forward
 
Short
 
OTC/Cetip
 
NDF
 
1-Jul-11
  84,645     1,349  
Forward
 
Short
 
OTC/Cetip
 
NDF
 
1-Aug-11
  85,300     1,422  
Forward
 
Short
 
OTC/Cetip
 
NDF
 
3-Oct-11
  396,618     11,046  
Forward
 
Short
 
OTC/Cetip
 
NDF
 
2-Jan-12
  91,075     3,744  
Sub-total of Forward Sold
              941,570     22,932  
                             
Composition of derivatives financial instruments not designated in hedge accounting
 
                             
                             
Future
 
Long
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commerc. U.S. dollar
 
2-May-11
  (114,204)     (117
Sub-total of Future Purchased
        (114,204   (117 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-May-11
  (10,780   (625 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Aug-11
  (11,014   (619 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Nov-11
  (11,246   (613 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
3-Feb-12
  (11,489   (604 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-May-12
  (11,722   (584 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
3-Aug-12
  (11,978   (586 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
1-Nov-12
  (12,239   (595 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Feb-13
  (12,504   (595 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
3-May-13
  (12,739   (571 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
2-Aug-13
  (12,997   (534 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Nov-13
  (13,256   (493 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Feb-14
  (13,521   (462 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
2-May-14
  (13,743   (476 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Aug-14
  (14,002   (617 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Nov-14
  (14,261   (754 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Feb-15
  (14,497   (872 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-May-15
  (14,726   (991 )
Forward
 
Long
 
OTC
 
NDF (Offshore)
 
4-Aug-15
  (15,003   (1,152 )
Forward
  Long   OTC  
NDF (Offshore)
  4-Nov-15   (15,254   (1,291 )
Sub-total of Forward Purchased
      (246,970   (13,033 )
Total of exchange rate derivatives
      580,395     9,783  

 
 
66

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

On March 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company, its subsidiaries and its jointly-controlled entities had the following net exposure to the variation of U.S. dollar assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars:

   
2012
   
2011
 
      R$    
US$ (in thousands)
      R$    
US$ (in thousands)
 
Bank accounts
    6,349       3,484       130,455       80,098  
Restrict Cash
    45,976       25,232       126,872       77,898  
Accounts receivable
    164,681       90,380       7,556       4,639  
Related Parties (Shell)
    436.362       239,483       -       -  
Loans
    (2,915,388 )     (1,600,015 )     (3,791,517 )     (2,327,943 )
Net foreign exchange exposure
    (2,262,020 )     (1,241,436 )     (3,526,634 )     (2,165,308 )

 
e)  
Effect of Hedge Accounting

The jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia formally designated its transactions subject to hedge accounting for cash flow hedges from sugar VHP (raw material) export revenue, documenting: (i) the relationship of the hedge, (ii) the purpose for taking the hedge and its risk management strategy, (iii) identification of the financial instrument, (iv) the transaction or item covered, (v) the nature of the risk being hedged, (vi) a description of the hedging relationship (vii) the demonstration of correlation between the hedge and the object of coverage, and (viii) the prospective analysis of hedge effectiveness. The derivative financial instruments of Sugar # 11 (NYBOT or OTC) were designated to cover the risk of price and Non-Deliverable Forwards (NDF) to cover exchange rate risk, as demonstrated in topics (b) and (c) of this Note.

Raizen Energia records gains and losses deemed effective for purposes of hedge accounting to a specific account in equity (“other comprehensive income”), until the object of coverage (hedged item) affects the profit and loss. On March 31, 2012, the amounts recorded in other comprehensive income related to hedge accounting are as follows:

             
Expected period to affect P&L
 
Derivative
 
Market
 
Risk
      2012/2013       2013/2014    
Total
 
                                 
Future
 
OTC / NYBOT
  #11       40,543       564       41,107  
NDF
 
OTC / CETIP
 
USD
      1,663       -       1,663  
                42,206       564       42,770  
(-) Deferred income tax
              (14,350 )     (192 )     (14,542 )
Effect on the Raizen Equity
      27,856       372       28,228  
Effect on equity of Cosan (50%)
                      14,114  
 
 
 
67

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

 
e)
Effect of Hedge Accounting

The changes for the period of the effect of hedge accounting on other comprehensive income of Cosan S.A is shown below:

Cash flow hedge
     
       
Balance at March 31, 2010
    -  
Gain/(losses) of cash flow hedges for the year:
       
Commodities futures and swap contracts
    (572,161 )
Currency forward contracts
    179,099  
Reclassification adjustments for losses included in the income statement
    175,945  
Total before tax effect
    (217,117 )
Tax effect on gain/(losses) of cash flow hedges for the period – 34%
    73,819  
Balance at March 31, 2011
    (143,298 )
Gain/(losses) of cash flow hedges for the year:
       
   Commodities futures and swap contracts
    5,414  
   Currency forward contracts
    38,286  
Reclassification adjustments for losses / gains included in the income statement
    36,815  
Write off of OCI due to the formation of JV
    157,989  
Tax effect on gain/(losses) of cash flow hedges for the period – 34%
    (81,091 )
 
Balance at March 31, 2012
    14,114  

 
f)  
Interest rate risk

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities monitors the fluctuations in variable interest rates in connection with certain debts, especially those related to the risk of Libor, and makes use of derivative instruments in order to minimize these risks. The table below shown the consolidated positions open on March 31, 2012 of derivatives used for  interest rate (none in 2011):

Price Risk : derivatives of interests open in  March 31, 2012
Derivatives
 
Asset / Liabilities
 
Market
 
Maturity
 
Notional
 
Notional
 
Fail Value
               
(US$ Thousands)
 
(R$ Thousand)
 
(R$ Thousand)
Interest rate Swap
 
Libor 3M / pré
 
OTC
 
Jan-16
 
175,000
 
318,868
 
(1,495)
Total
     
175,000
 
318,868
 
(1,495)

 
g) 
Credit risk

A significant portion of sales made by the subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities is to a select group of best-in-class counterparts (i.e. trading companies, fuel distribution companies and large supermarket chains).

Credit risk is managed through specific rules of client acceptance including credit ratings and limits for customer exposure, including the requirement of a letter of credit from major banks and obtaining actual warranties on given credit, when applicable. Management believes that the risk of credit is covered by the allowance for doubtful accounts.
 
 
 
68

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)





26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

 
g)  
Credit risk (Continued)

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities buy and sell commodity derivatives in futures and options markets on the New York Board of Trade (NYBOT) and the London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange (LIFFE), as well as in the over-the-counter (OTC) market with selected counterparties. The Company and its jointly-controlled entities buy and sell foreign exchange derivatives on BM&FBovespa and OTC contracts registered with CETIP (OTC clearing house) with banks Espirito Santo Investment do Brasil S.A., Deutsche Bank S.A. – Banco Alemão, Banco JP Morgan S.A. and Banco Standard de Investimentos S.A..

Guarantee margins – The Company’s derivative operations on commodity exchanges (NYBOT, LIFFE and BM&FBovespa) require an initial guarantee margin. The brokers with which the Company operates on these commodity exchanges offer credit limits for these margins. As of March 31, 2011, the total credit limit used as initial margin required by the NYBOT was R$62,247 (R$136,420 as of March 31, 2011). As a requirement to trade in BM&FBovespa, the Company posted on March 31, 2012, the amount of R$76,436 (R$50,000 as of March 31, 2011) as guarantee in the form of a settlement bond issued by a first-class banking institution.

 
h)  
Liquidity risk
 
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities will encounter difficulties in meeting the obligations associated with its derivative financial liabilities that are settled with cash payments or other financial assets. The approach of the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities liquidity management is to ensure, as much as possible, which always has sufficient liquidity to meet its obligations to win, under normal and stress, without causing unacceptable losses or risk damaging the reputation of the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities.

 
i)  
Fair value
 
The fair value of financial assets and liabilities is included in the price at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between parties willing to negotiate, and not in a forced sale or liquidation. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value.

Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other short-term obligations approximate their respective carrying values ​​due largely to short-term maturity of these instruments.

The fair value of marketable securities and bonds is based on price quotations on the date of the financial statements. The fair value of non-negotiable instruments, bank loans and other debts, obligations under finance leases, as well as other non-current financial liabilities are estimated by the discounted future cash flows using rates currently available for debt or deadlines and similar instruments.
 
 
 
69

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
 
26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

 
i)
Fair value (Continued)
 
The fair market value of Senior Notes due 2014 and 2017, described in note 16, at its market price are 115.5% and 106% respectively, of its face value at March 31, 2012.

The fair market value of Perpetual bonds, described in note 16, at its market price is 105.2%, respectively, of its face value at March 31, 2012.

In respect of other loans and financing, their fair market values ​​substantially approximate the amounts recorded in the financial statements due to the fact that these financial instruments are subject to variable interest rates.

The fair value of financial assets available for sale is obtained through quoted market prices in active markets, if any.

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities enter into derivative financial instruments with various counterparties, primarily financial institutions with credit ratings of investment grade. The derivatives valued using valuation techniques with observable market data relate mainly to interest rate swaps, foreign exchange contracts and term contracts for commodities futures. The valuation techniques applied more often include pricing models for fixed-term contracts and swaps, with a present value calculation. The models incorporate various data, including credit quality of counterparties, the rates of currency spot and forward, interest rate curves and forward rate curves of the commodity underlying.

Fair value hierarchy

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities have the following hierarchy to determine and disclose the fair value of financial instruments by the technical evaluation:

 
·  
Level 1: quoted prices in a active market to identical assets and liabilities;
 
·  
Level 2: other techniques for which all data that have significant effect on the fair value recorded are observable, directly or indirectly;
 
·  
Level 3: techniques that use data that have significant effect on the fair value recorded that are not based on observable market data.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Total
 
                   
March 31, 2012
                 
Warrants Radar
    -       140,820       140,820  
Derivative financial assets
    17,002       2,588       19,590  
Derivative financial liabilities
    (8,864 )     (748 )     (9,611 )
Total
    8,138       142,660       150,799  
                         
March 31, 2011
                       
Warrants Radar
    -       162,961       162,961  
Derivative financial assets
    35,577       20,105       55,682  
Derivative financial liabilities
    (122,084 )     (10,205 )     (132,289 )
Total
    (86,507 )     172,861       86,354  
 
 
 
70

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

26.
Financial Instruments (Continued)

 
j)  
Sensitivity analysis
 
Following is the sensitivity analysis of the fair value of financial instruments, in accordance with the types of risks deemed to be significant by the Company and its joint-controlled entities:

Assumptions for sensitivity analysis

For the analysis, the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities adopted three scenarios, being one probable and two that may have effects from impairment of the fair value of the financial instruments. The probable scenario was defined based on the futures sugar and US dollar market curves as of March 31, 2012, the same which determines the fair value of the derivatives at that date. Possible and remote scenarios were defined based on adverse impacts of 25% and 50% over the sugar and dollar price curves, which served as basis for the probable scenario.

Sensitivity analysis

Following is the sensitivity analysis on the change in the fair value of the Company’s financial derivatives:

           
Impacts on P&L (*)
 
 
Risk factor
 
Probable Scenario
   
Possible Scenario (25%)
   
Remote Scenario (50%)
 
Price risk
                   
Commodity derivatives
                 
Future agreements:
                   
Selling agreements
Increase of the sugar price
    12,127       (148,558 )     (296,990 )
Purchasing agreements
Decrease of the sugar price
    194       (4,971 )     (9,941 )
Selling agreements
Increase of the Ethanol Hydrated price
    (5 )     (5,518 )     (11,035 )
Purchasing agreements
Decrease of the Ethanol Hydrated price
    (1 )     (3,998 )     (7,996 )
Option agreements:
                         
Calls Purchased
Decrease of the sugar price
    142       (142 )     (142 )
Calls Sold
Increase of the sugar price
    (140 )     (3,835 )     (15,945 )
Puts Purchased
Increase of the sugar price
    389       (389 )     (389 )
                           
Exchange rate risk
                         
Exchange rate derivatives
                       
Future agreements:
                         
Selling agreements
Increase of the exchange rate R$/US$
    4,157       (130,685 )     (260,079 )
Purchasing agreements
Decrease of the exchange rate R$/US$
    (3,441 )     (209,824 )     (420,339 )
Forward agreements:
                         
Selling agreements
Increase of the exchange rate R$/US$
    (4,395 )     (32,103 )     (64,206 )
Exchange lock:
                         
Selling agreements
Increase of the exchange rate R$/US$
    1,701       (30,592 )     (61,185 )
Option agreements:
                         
Interest rate risk
                         
Derivatives Interest
                         
Swap agreement
Decrease in Libor curve
    (747 )     (1,100 )     (2,208 )

(*) Results projected to occur within 12 months from March 31, 2012
 
 
 
71

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


 
26.  
Financial Instruments (Continued)

 
k)  
Capital management
 
The primary objective of the Company’s capital management is to ensure that it maintains a strong credit rating and healthy capital ratios in order to support its business and maximize shareholder value.

Occasionally, the Company purchases its own shares on the market, the timing of these purchases depends on market prices.

No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.


27.  
Pension and other post-employment benefits plan

   
2012
   
2011
 
Futura
    34,725       24,380  
Other
    2,587       -  
Total
    37,312       24,380  

 
a)  
Pension plan

Defined benefit

The Company’s subsidiary Cosan Lubricantes e Especialidades S.A. has a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (Futura -former- Previd Exxon)covering certain employees upon retirement. This plan was altered to allow its settlement and was approved by the relevant authority on May 5, 2011. The settlement is the process whereby the plan is closed to any new entrants, with the cessation of contributions, guaranteeing the participants a benefit that is in proportion to the rights they had accumulated in the plan up until March 31, 2011.

Defined contribution

Since June 1, 2011, the Company and its subsidiaries sponsor a variable contribution plan, for all employees (Futura II). The Company does not have a legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not have sufficient assets to pay all benefits owed. During the year ended March 31, 2012 the amount of contributions totaled R$5,906.

Since June 1, 2011, the jointly-controlled entities sponsor a defined contribution plan, for all employees (Raiz Prev). The jointly-controlled entities does not have a legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not have sufficient assets to pay all benefits owed. During the year ended March 31, 2012 the amount of contributions totaled R$8,887.
 
 
 
72

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
 
27.  
Pension and other post-employment benefits plan (Continued)

 
a)  
Pension plan (Continued)

Prior to the formation of Raiz Prev and Futura II, the Company, through its subsidiary Cosan Alimentos S.A. ("Cosan Alimentos") sponsored a defined contribution plan, for all employees of that subsidiary. During the years ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the amount of contributions totaled R$4,701 and R$5,407 respectively.

 
b)  
Actuarial Liability

The pension on  Futura (former Previd Exxon) recorded in non-current liabilities at March 31, 2012 amounted to R$34,725 (R$24.380 in 2011).

A reconciliation of present value of defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets, with assets and liabilities recognized on the balance sheet:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Present value of actuarial obligation at beginning of year
    (383,823 )     (325,534 )
Interest costs
    (38,345 )     (35,107 )
Current service cost
    (455 )     (4,445 )
Benefits paid
    27,845       24,637  
 Settlement / curtailment
    54,779       -  
Actuarial loss on obligation at beginning of year
    (22,716 )     (43,374 )
Present value of actuarial obligation at end of the  year
    (362,715 )     (383,823 )
                 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year
    359,443       347,703  
Expected return on plan assets
    39,000       35,918  
Contributions received by the fund
    3,282       8,702  
Benefits Paid
    (27,846 )     (24,637 )
Effect of migration to defined contribution - Settlement
    (32,226 )     -  
Loss in fair value of assets
    (13,663 )     (8,243 )
Fair value of plan assets at year-end
    327,990       359,443  
                 
Present value of liabilities in excess fair value of assets – actuarial liability
    (34,725 )     (24,380 )

Total expense recognized in profit or loss:

Expense recognized in profit or loss:
 
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Current service cost
    (455 )     (4,445 )     (5,478 )
Interest on obligation
    (38,345 )     (35,107 )     (32,583 )
Expected return on plan assets
    39,000       35,918       31,046  
      200       (3,634 )     (7,015 )

Total amount recognized as accumulated other comprehensive income:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Amount accumulated at April 1
    (22,621 )     (42,056 )
Unrecognized gains
    36,379       29,447  
Deferred Income Tax
    (12,369 )      (10,012 )
Amount accumulated at March 31st
    1,389       (22,621 )

 
 
73

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

27.
Pension and other post-employment benefits plan (Continued)

 
b)
Actuarial Liability (Continued)

Plan assets include:

   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Amount
   
Percentual
   
Amount
   
Percentual
 
CDBs –  Bank Deposits
    245,993       75 %     268,863       74.80 %
Equity securities of Brazilian public entities
    81,997       25 %     90,580       25.20 %
Total
    327,990       100 %     359,443       100 %

Plan assets are represented by financial assets with quoted prices in an active market and therefore are included as a Level 1 fair value type. The total expected rate of return on assets is calculated based on market expectations existing at that date applicable to the period over which the obligation should be liquidated. These expectations are reflected in the following main assumptions.

The main assumptions used to determine the pension benefit obligations of the Company are as follows:

Defined benefit plan
2012
 
2011
Actuarial valuation method
Projected unit credit
 
Projected unit credit
Mortality table
AT 83 segregated by sex, decreased by 10%
 
AT 83 segregated by sex, decreased by 10%
Discount rate for actuarial liability
Interest: 9.68% p.a. + inflation: 4.20% % p.a.
 
Interest: 10.77% p.a. + inflation: 4.50% p.a.
Expected rate of return on plan assets
Interest: 11.30% p.a. + inflation: 4.20% p.a.
 
Interest: 11.20% p.a. + inflation: 4.50% p.a.
Salary growth rate
N/A
 
6.07% + inflation: 4.50% p.a.
Increase rate of estimated benefits
0.00% p.a. + inflation: 4.20% p.a.
 
0.00% p.a. + inflation: 4.50% p.a.

The Company expects contributions at the amount of R$ 3,037 to be paid in relation to its defined benefit and variable contribution plan in 2013.


28.  
Share-Based Payments

In the ordinary and extraordinary general meeting held on August 30, 2005, the guidelines for the outlining and structuring of a stock option plan for Cosan S.A. officers and employees were approved, thus authorizing the issue of up to 5% of shares comprising Cosan S.A. share capital. This stock option plan was outlined to attract and retain services rendered by officers and key employees, offering them the opportunity to become shareholders of Cosan S.A.. On September 22, 2005, Cosan S.A. board of directors approved the distribution of stock options corresponding to 4,302,780 common shares to be issued or treasury shares held by Cosan S.A. related to 3.25% of the share capital at the time, authorized by the annual/extraordinary meeting. The remaining 1.75% remained to be distributed. On September 22, 2005, the officers and key employees were informed regarding the key terms and conditions of the share-based compensation arrangement.
 
 
 
74

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


 
28.  
Share-Based Payments (Continued)

On September 11, 2007, the board of directors approved an additional distribution of stock options, in connection with the stock option plan mentioned above, corresponding to 450,000 common shares to be issued or purchased by Cosan S.A. related to 0.24% of the share capital at September 22, 2005. The remaining 1.51% may still be distributed.

On August 7, 2009, the board of directors approved an additional distribution of stock options, in connection with the stock option plan mentioned above, corresponding to 165,657 common shares to be issued or purchased by Cosan S.A., due to changing in the management at that date.

According to the market value at the date of issuance, the exercise price is R$ 6.11 per share, without any discount. The exercise price was calculated before the valuation mentioned above based on an expected private equity agreement was not achieved. The options can be exercised after a waiting period of one year, considering a maximum percentage of 25% per annum of the total stock options offered by Cosan S.A. within a period of 5 years.

The exercise of options were settled only through issuance of new common shares or treasury shares.

The employees that leave Cosan S.A. before the vesting period will forfeit 100% of their rights. However, if the employment is terminated by Cosan S.A. without cause, the employees will have right to exercise 100% of their options of that particular year plus the right to exercise 50% of the options of the following year.

On March 31, 2011 all stock options related to that plan were exercised by issuance of new shares.

The number and weighted average exercise price of stock options are the following:

   
Shares
   
Weighted average exercise price
 
Outstanding April 1, 2009
    1,470,832       6.11  
Exercised (July 17, 2009)
    (224,819 )     6.11  
Option granted  (August 8, 2009)
    165,657       6.11  
Exercised (October 10, 2009)
    (169,500 )     6.11  
Exercised (December 15, 2009)
    (571,194 )     6.11  
Exercised (March 29, 2010)
    (17,000 )     6.11  
Outstanding March 31, 2010
    653,976       6.11  
Exercised (July 29,  2010)
    (449,819 )     6.11  
Exercised (September 17, 2010)
    (91,717 )     6.11  
Exercised (March 4, 2011)
    (112,440 )     6.11  
Outstanding March 31, 2011
    -       -  
 
 
 
75

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

28.
Share-Based Payments (Continued)

The fair value of share-based awards was estimated using a binominal model with the following assumptions:

   
Options granted on September 22, 2005
   
Options granted on September 11, 2007
   
Options granted on August 7, 2009
 
Grant price
    6.11       6.11       6.11  
Expected life (in years)
    7.5       7.5    
Immediate
 
Interest rate
    14.52 %     9.34 %     (1 )
Expected Volatility
    34.00 %     46.45 %     (1 )
Expected Dividend yield
    1.25 %     1.47 %     (1 )
Weighted-average fair value at grant date
    12.35       18.19       (1 )

(1)  The options were fully vested at the date of issuance so the fair value was the quoted market price as of the grant date

Expected Term – Cosan S.A. expected term represents the period that Cosan S.A. share-based awards are expected to be outstanding and was determined based on the assumption that the officers will exercise their options when the exercise period is over. Therefore, this term was calculated based on the average of 5 and 10 years. Cosan S.A. does not expect any forfeiture as those options are mainly for officers, whose turnover is low.

Expected Volatility – For the options granted on September 22, 2005 Cosan S.A. had its shares publicly-traded for less than 6 months as of April 30, 2006. Therefore, Cosan S.A. opted to substitute the historical volatility by an appropriate global industry sector index, based on the volatility of the share prices, and considering it as an assumption in its valuation model. Cosan S.A. has identified and compared similar public entities for which share or option price information is available to consider the historical, expected, or implied volatility of those entities’ share prices in estimating expected volatility based on global scenarios. For the options granted on September 11, 2007 Cosan S.A. used the volatility of its shares as an assumption in its valuation model since Cosan S.A. IPO in Brazil, in 2005.

Expected Dividends – As Cosan S.A. was a relatively new public entity, the expected dividend yield was calculated based on the current value of the stock at the grant date, adjusted by the average rate of the return to shareholders for the expected term, in relation of future book value of the shares.

Risk-Free Interest Rate – Cosan S.A. bases the risk-free interest rate used the SELIC - Special System Settlement Custody.

In the shareholder’s meeting held on July 29, 2011, the guidelines for the outlining and structuring of the stock option compensation plan for Cosan S.A.’s officers and employees were approved, authorizing the issuance of up to 5% of shares comprising Cosan S.A.’s total capital. This stock option plan was outlined to attract and retain officers and key employees, offering them the opportunity to become Cosan S.A.’s shareholders. On August 18, 2011, Cosan S.A.’s board of directors approved the total stock option grant corresponding up to 12,000,000 common shares to be issued or treasury shares held by Cosan S.A., corresponding 2.41% of the share capital at that time.
 
 
 
76

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


 
28.
Share-Based Payments (Continued)

On the same date the eligible executives were informed of the all terms and conditions of the stock-option plan.

According to the average market value of the shares on a 30 day period ending at issuance, the exercise price was defined to be R$22.80 per share, without any discount. The fair value of options granted was estimated using the binomial model in compliance with the terms and conditions of each granted option.

The stock options were divided into “Tranche A” and “Tranche B”. The vesting period is described below.

Tranche A - The options can be exercised after a waiting period of one year, considering a maximum percentage of 20% per annum of the total stock options offered by Cosan S.A. within a period of 5 years. Exercise period ends August 19, 2016.

Tranche B - The options can be exercised after a waiting period of one year, considering a maximum percentage of 10% per annum of the total stock options offered by Cosan S.A. within a period of 10 years. Exercise period ends August 19, 2021.

The options may be exercised with the issuance of new shares or treasury shares that the company may have. The employees that leave Cosan S.A. before the vesting period will forfeit 100% of their rights.

As of August 18, 2011, 9,825,000 options related the shared based compensation was granted.The fair value of share based payments was estimated adopting the binomial model with the following premise:

   
Options granted on August 18, 2011
   
Options granted on August 18, 2011
 
   
Tranche A
   
Tranche B
 
Grant price - R$
    22.8       22.8  
Expected life  (in years)
    1 a 5       1 a 10  
Interest rate
    12.39 %     12.39 %
Expected Volatility
    31.44 %     30.32 %
Weighted average fair value at grant date - R$
    6.80       8.15  

Expected Term – the expected term considers that the executives will exercise their options after the vesting period of each grant.

Expected volatility – Due to the new capital structure and business model after the formation of the JVs, the company opted to use the historic volatility of their shares adjusted by volatility of competitors’ shares that operate in similar lines of business.

 
 
77

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

28.
Share-Based Payments (Continued)

Expected dividends – The dividends expected were calculated on the basis of the current market value on the grant’s date, adjusted by the average rate of return of capital to shareholders during the forecast period, and compared with to the book value shares.

Free risk Interest Rate – the company considered the prime rate as the free risk interest rate traded at BM&F Bovespa on the grant date and for the equivalent term of the option maturity.

As of March 31, 2012, no options have been exercised or forfeited. A total expense of R$ 10,800 has been recorded. As of March 31, 2011, the amount of R$35,354  related to the unrecognized compensation cost from the stock options plan is expected to be recognized.


29.  
Segment information

 
a)  
Segment information

The following information about segments is based upon information used by Cosan’s senior management to assess the performance of operating segments and to decide on the allocation of resources.

Considering the formation of JVs Raízen Energia, Raízen Combustíveis and acquisition of the sugar retail business, Cosan has increased the presentation of its segments to five segments, as shown below.The information for prior periods have been reclassified to make them comparable with the information of this period.

 
(i)  
Raízen Energia: production and marketing of a variety of products derived from sugar cane, including raw sugar (VHP), anhydrous and hydrated ethanol, and activities related to energy cogeneration from sugarcane bagasse. In addition, this segment holds interest in companies of research and development in new technologies involved in this segment.

 
(ii)  
Raízen Combustíveis: distribution and marketing of fuels and lubricants, mainly through franchised network of service stations under the brand “Shell” and "Esso" throughout Brazil.

 
(iii)
Rumo: logistics services for the transport, storage and port lifting of sugar for both Raizen Energia and third parties.

 
(iv)
Cosan Alimentos: sale of food, mainly, of sugar in the retail under the brands “União” and “Da Barra”.

 
(v)
Cosan other business: sale and distribution of lubricants, investments in agricultural land (through Radar) and other investments, in addition to the corporate activities of the Company.

The following selected information result and segment assets that were measured in accordance with the accounting practices used in the preparation of consolidated information:
 
 
 
78

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


 
29.  
Segment information (Continued)

 
a)  
Segment information (Continued)


   
2012
 
   
Raízen Energia (*)
   
Raízen Combustiveis (*)
   
Cosan Alimentos
   
Rumo
   
Cosan other businesses
   
Elimination 50% of Raizen
   
Elimination
   
Consolidated
 
Balance sheet
                                               
Property, plant and equipment
    9,658,979       2,779,641       45,973       879,469       730,707       (6,219,310 )     (8,496 )     7,866,963  
Intangible
    2,996,846       3,928,900       83,597       604,963       780,822       -       (3,462,873 )     4,932,255  
Loans and financing, net of cash and cash equivalents
    (4,404,761 )     (603,447 )     29,834       (217,575 )     (853,398 )     2,504,104       -       (3,545,243 )
Other Assets and Liabilities, net
    1,839,138       252,124       142,455       (52,175 )     9,462,380       (1,045,631 )     (10,370,643 )     227,648  
Total Assets (net of liabilities) allocated by segment
    10,090,202       6,357,219       301,859       1,214,682       10,120,511       (4,760,837 )     (13,842,013 )     9,481,623  
 
Total Assets
    19,979,070       11,559,239       408,966       2,029,954       16,038,721       (15,769,155 )     (12,078,676 )     22,168,119  
       
                                                                 
Profit (loss) for the year:
                                                               
Net Operating  Income
    7,247,685       35,096,051       706,430       571,988       1,065,515       (19,711,865 )     (878,923 )     24,096,881  
Domestic Market
    3,925,829       35,096,051       706,430       567,265       1,065,515       (18,166,987 )     (878,923 )     22,315,180  
Foreign Market
    3,321,856       -       -       4,724       -       (1,544,879 )     -       1,781,701  
Gross profit
    1,668,941       1,951,593       129,072       177,922       332,646       (1,628,302 )     -       2,631,872  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    (965,440 )     (1,445,358 )     (96,001 )     (41,567 )     (324,489 )     1,090,529       -       (1,782,326 )
JV formation income
    -       -       -       -       2,752,730       -       -       2,752,730  
Other operating income, net
    (18,207 )     270,736       23,114       19,493       (12,035 )     (129,056 )     (8,495 )     145,550  
Financial result, net
    (267,934 )     (82,203 )     1,911       8,992       (360,700 )     221,385       -       (478,549 )
Income tax and social contribution
    (27,250 )     (192,056 )     6,156       (55,035 )     (935,180 )     93,152       -       (1,110,212 )
Net income
    378,269       525,916       64,253       109,801       2,322,681       (353,500 )     (855,088 )     2,192,332  
Other selected information:
                                                               
Additions to PP&E, intangible assets and biological assets (cash)
    2,577,859       491,734       2,860       268,985       99,473       (1,291,124 )     (13,270 )     2,136,517  
Depreciation and amortization (including the effect of biological assets)
    1,549,993       365,603       1,716       57,323       48,329       (880,183 )     -       1,142,780  

 
 
79

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


 
29.  
Segment information (Continued)

 
a)  
Segment information (Continued)

   
2011
 
   
Raizen Energia (*)
   
Raizen Combustiveis (*)
   
Rumo
   
Cosan other business
   
Elimination
   
Consolidated
 
Balance Sheet:
                            -        
Property, plant and equipment
    5,962,230       862,185       931,997       224,112       -       7,980,524  
Intangible
    1,644,350       528,653       358,287       1,358,285       -       3,889,575  
Loans and financing, net of cash and cash equivalents
    (4,723,833 )     (589,229 )     (99,829 )     (547,358 )     -       (5,960,249 )
Other Assets and Liabilities, net
    (1,826,735 )     (238,736 )     (173,826 )     10,795,164       (7,137,020 )     1,418,847  
Total Assets (net of liabilities) allocated by segment
    1,056,012       562,873       1,016,629       11,830,203       (7,137,020 )     7,328,697  
Total Assets
    8,567,722       1,777,299       1,713,112       13,919,170       (7,363,213 )     18,614,090  
                                                 
Profit (loss) for the year:
                                               
Net Operating  Income
    6,389,178       10,966,245       448,003       829,032       (568,978     18,063,480  
Domestic Market
    3,678,207       10,966,245       448,003       829,032       (568,978 )     15,352,509  
Foreign Market
    2,710,971       -       -       -       -       2,710,971  
Gross profit
    1,988,662       466,989       131,469       314,131       12,150       2,913,401  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    (961,407 )     (372,438 )     (28,951 )     (207,018 )     (1,636 )     (1,571,450 )
Other operating income, net
    (65,415 )     33,754       9,936       (1,977 )     (10,126 )     (33,828 )
Financial result, net
    (101,755 )     (22,441 )     13,047       (39,998 )     -       (151,147 )
Income tax and social contribution
    (305,977 )     (40,490 )     (42,865 )     (25,176 )     -       (414,508 )
Net income
    833,343       (126,368 )     62,543       236,702       (238,564 )     767,656  
Other selected information:
                                               
Additions to PP&E, intangible assets and biological assets (cash)
    2,817,195       83,266       126,189       10,569       -       3,037,219  
Depreciation and amortization (including the effect of biological assets)
    1,266,142       35,798       20,157       36,903       -       1,359,000  

 
 
80

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
 
29.  
Segment information (Continued)

 
a)  
Segment information (Continued)

   
2010
 
                                     
 
Raízen Energia (*)
   
Raízen Combustíveis(*)
   
Rumo
   
Cosan other business
   
Elimination
   
Consolidated
 
Financial position:
                                   
Property, plant and equipment
    4,795,522       926,631       302,745       89,632       -       6,114,530  
Intangible
    2,207,198       629,931       363,135       625,103       -       3,825,367  
Loans, net of cash and cash equivalents
    (4,345,015 )     (502,587 )     (107,199 )     57,623       31,886       (4,865,292 )
Other assets and liabilities, net
    3,611,383       151,461       (92,671 )     (51,366 )     (2,201,486 )     1,417,321  
Total asset  (net of liabilities) allocated by segment
    6,269,088       1,205,436       466,010       720,992       (2,169,600 )     6,491,926  
Total asset
    14,492,261       2,810,217       806,394       880,151       (2,571,781 )     16,417,242  
                                                 
Profit (loss) for the year:
                                               
Net sales
    5,380,134       9,506,468       158,249       638,586       (347,382 )     15,336,055  
Domestic market
    4,648,436       9,506,468       158,249       638,586       (347,382 )     14,604,357  
External market
    731,698       -       -       -       -       731,698  
Gross profit
    1,341,599       481,424       30,393       211,308       -       2,064,724  
Selling general and administrative expenses
    (846,306 )     (312,601 )     (18,111 )     (177,440 )     (9,944 )     (1,364,402 )
Gain on tax recovery program
    270,333       -       -       -       -       270,333  
Other income (expense)
    (24,237 )     (15,146 )     4,962       117,339       (45,395 )     37,523  
Financial result, net
    433,293       53,317       (1,057 )     (30,394 )     38,282       493,441  
Income tax and social contribution
    (327,363 )     (75,219 )     (7,696 )     (13,026 )     -       (423,304 )
Net income / (losses)
    1,111,283       131,775       11,917       22,197       (194,679 )     1,082,493  
Other selected data:
                                               
Additions to PP&E and biological assets (cash)
    2,240,909       114,321       147,943       42,259       -       2,545,432  
Depreciation and amortization (including biological assets noncash effect)
    1,040,532       73,261       14,167       -       -       1,127,960  

 
(*) The information of  Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis represents 100% of the predecessor business, regardless of the fact that the Company  lost full control of business June 1, 2011 when the formation of JVs occurred. The segment called Raízen Energia is basically the same information as in previous years for the segment called "CAA". The segment Raizen Combustíveis accounts  presents the former CCL segment with the exception of the Lubricants business. From June 1, 2011 it includes the fuel distribution business contributed by Shell to the JV.
 
All non-current assets of the Company are located in Brazil except for certain equity interests.
 
 
 
81

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


29.
Segment information (Continued)

 
a)  
Segment information (Continued)

Detailed net Sales per segment:

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Raízen Energia
                 
   Sugar
    3,912,824       3,853,404       3,377,832  
   Ethanol
    2,871,515       2,203,737       1,747,646  
   Cogeneration
    235,129       194,889       93,583  
Other
    228,217       137,148       161,073  
      7,247,685       6,389,178       5,380,134  
Raízen Combustíveis
                       
Fuel
    35,032,782       10,895,655       9,437,316  
Other
    63,269       70,590       69,152  
      35,096,051       10,966,245       9,506,468  
Alimentos
                       
Amorphous
    631,532       -       -  
Crystal
    39,013       -       -  
Other
    35,885       -       -  
      706,430       -       -  
Rumo
                       
Elevation
    141,026       118,139       142,120  
Transportation
    413,364       305,780       16,129  
Other
    17,598       24,084       -  
      571,988       448,003       158,249  
Cosan – other businesses
                       
  Lubrificants
    1,018,801       829,032       634,045  
  Others
    46,714       -       4,541  
      1,065,515       829,032       638,586  
                         
Elimination
    (20,590,788 )     (568,978 )     (347,382 )
                         
Total
    24,096,881       18,063,480       15,336,055  

 
b)  
Net Sales per region
 
The percentage of net sales of the Raízen Energia segment by geographic area for the years ended are as follows:

   
2012
   
2011
   
2010
 
Brazil
    67.24 %     72.63 %     86.40 %
Europe
    24.18 %     24.93 %     9.20 %
Latin America (Except Brazil)
    3.52 %     0.20 %     2.80 %
Middle East and Asia
    1.00 %     1.48 %     1.20 %
North America
    2.94 %     0.74 %     0.30 %
Other
    1.12 %     0.02 %     0.10 %
Brazil
    100.00 %     100.00 %     100.00 %

The net sales from segments Raízen Combustíveis, Rumo and Cosan Alimentos are derived only from the domestic market (Brazil), with no revenue from foreign customers.

 
 
82

 
 
Cosan Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statement (Continued)
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 

29.
Segment information (Continued)

 
c)  
Concentration of customers

Raizen Energia

There are several clients in this segment, one of which represents more than 10% of the segment net sales during 2012, 2011 and 2010-- the SUCDEN Group (10%, 25% and 17%, respectively).

Raizen Combustíveis

In this segment there are no clients that represent more than 10% of the net sales in 2012 and 2011.

Rumo

In 2012, 55% of the segment net sales were generated from sales to the Raizen Energia segment (33% in 2011).

Cosan Other Businesses

No customers or specific groups represent 10% or more of sales in 2012, 2011 and 2010.


30.
Subsequent Events

 
a.
Companhia de Gas de Sao Paulo - Comgás

On May 3, 2012, Cosan S.A. signed a memorandum of understanding with BG Group (British Gas) to acquire its interest of 60.1% on Companhia de Gas de Sao Paulo – Comgás for R$3.3 billion.

On May 28, 2012, Cosan S.A. signed the purchase and sale agreement in connection with this transaction. This acquisition will be effected upon regulatory approval.

 
b.
Association with Camil Alimentos S.A. – Camil

On May 28, 2012, Cosan S.A.signed an association agreement with Arfei Comercio e Participações S.A. (“Arfei”) and GIF Codajas Participações S.A. (“GIF Codajas”), an investment fund managed by Gávea Invetimentos Ltda. whereby Cosan S.A. will contribute its sugar retail business in exchange for R$345 million cash and a 11.72% interest in Camil, this transaction will be effected upon the fulfilling of certain contractual conditions.
 
 
 
83

 
 
Item 3










Consolidated Financial Statements

Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio

March 31, 2012 and 2011

 
 
 

 





 
 

 





COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO

Consolidated financial statements

March 31, 2012 and 2011





Contents


 
Report of Independent Auditors
3
Consolidated statements of financial position
4
Consolidated income statements
6
Consolidated statements of changes in equity
7
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income
8
Consolidated statements of cash flows
9
Consolidated statements of value added
11
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
12
 


 
 

 

 
A free translation from Portuguese into English of Independent Auditor´s Report

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS ON THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Cosan S.A. Indústria a Comércio
São Paulo – SP

We have audited the accompanying individual and consolidated financial statements of Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio, identified as Parent Company and Consolidated, which comprise the financial position as at March 31, 2012, and the income statement, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity and statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the individual financial statements in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, and of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued
by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and in accordance and with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, as well as for the internal controls management determined as necessary to enable the preparation of these financial statements free from material misstatement, regardless of whether due to fraud or error.

Independent auditors’ responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Brazilian and International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control.   An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit o
pinion.

 
1

 
 
Opinion on the individual financial statements

In our opinion, the individual financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio as at March 31, 2012, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil.

Opinion on the consolidated financial statements

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio as at March 31, 2012, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the accounting practices adopted in Brazil.

Emphasis of matter

As described in Note 2, the individual financial statements were prepared in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil. In the case of Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio theses practices differ from IFRS, applicable to separate financial statements, only in relation to the valuation of investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures under the equity method, while for IFRS purposes it would be cost of fair value. Our opinion is not modified due to this matter.

Other matters

Statements of valued added

We have also audited the individual and consolidated statements of value added for the year ended March 31, 2012, prepared under the responsibility of the Company´s management, and which presentation is required by the Brazilian Corporate Law for public companies, and as supplemental information by IFRS, which do not require the presentation of the statement of value added. These statements have been subject to the same audit procedures previously described and, in our opinion, are fairly presented, in all material respects, in relation to the financial statements as a whole.

São Paulo, Brazil, May 30, 2012
 

ERNST & YOUNG TERCO
Auditores Independentes S.S.


 
Luiz Carlos Nannini
Accountant CRC 1SP171638/O-7 
 Antonio C. M. Lage
Accountant CRC 1MG077995/O-1-S-SP
 
 
 
2

 

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
 
Statements of financial position
March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais)
 
 
         
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
Note
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Asset
                             
Current
                             
Cash and cash equivalents
  3       316,539       372,318       1,616,169       1,254,070  
Restricted cash
  4       18,233       2,719       94,268       187,944  
Accounts receivable
  6       -       44,782       963,586       594,857  
Derivatives
  26       -       -       19,590       55,682  
Inventories
  7       -       92,571       748,150       670,331  
Related parties
  9       26,627       73,939       678,374       14,669  
Recoverable taxes
  8       33,777       105,134       325,096       374,991  
Other financial assets
  5       -       -       40,080       -  
Dividends
          243,790       -       861       -  
Other Credits
          25,795       74,001       228,961       309,710  
            664,761       765,464       4,715,135       3,462,254  
                                       
Non-current
                                     
Deferred Income tax and social contribution
  17       -       -       543,024       116,986  
Advances to suppliers
          -       7,045       21,865       46,037  
Related parties
  9       712,276       71,233       753,153       91,954  
Recoverable Taxes
  8       -       4,622       111,856       55,066  
Judicial deposits
  18       206,633       17,574       509,235       218,371  
Other financial assets
  5       140,820       201,773       790,402       420,417  
Other non-current assets
          362,630       1,401       493,195       443,752  
Equity method investments
  11       11,660,289       8,290,188       419,029       304,142  
Biological Assets
  12       -       532,140       968,023       1,561,132  
Property, plant and equipment
  13       21,554       1,177,298       7,866,963       7,980,524  
Intangible
  14       83,667       366,471       4,932,255       3,445,674  
            13,187,869       10,669,745       17,409,000       14,684,055  
                                       
Total Assets
          13,852,630       11,435,209       22,124,135       18,146,309  
 
 
3

 
 

         
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
Note
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Current
                             
Current portion of long-term debt
  15       -       110,526       537,135       916,400  
Derivatives
  26       -       -       9,611       132,289  
Trade accounts payable
          1,798       99,630       606,029       558,766  
Salaries Payable
          11,579       54,199       183,660       183,560  
Taxes Payable
  16       62,597       33,758       241,719       245,284  
Dividends Payable
          14,376       190,285       16,760       190,285  
Related parties
  9       113,783       29,001       175,030       41,163  
Other current liabilities
          62,727       44,183       307,994       189,629  
            266,860       561,582       2,077,938       2,457,376  
Non-current
                                     
Long-term debt
  15       337,733       1,551,236       4,476,942       6,274,895  
Taxes payable
  16       670,463       88,717       1,202,624       639,071  
Provision for judicial demands
  18       356,259       78,142       1,051,677       666,282  
Related Parties
  9       1,906,539       2,401,518       389,718       4,444  
Pension
  27       -       -       37,312       24,380  
Deferred Income taxes
  17       1,076,506       247,351       2,443,430       912,618  
Other non-current liabilities
          86,477       47,802       828,120       382,897  
            4,433,977       4,414,766       10,429,823       8,904,587  
                                       
Equity
  20                                  
Common Stock
          4,691,822       4,691,822       4,691,822       4,691,822  
Capital reserve
          (67,663 )     (19,405 )     (67,663 )     (19,405 )
Accumulated Earnings
          690,530       537,468       690,530       537,468  
Equity attributable to owners of the Company
          3,837,104       1,248,976       3,837,104       1,248,976  
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests
          9,151,793       6,458,861       9,151,793       6,458,861  
Total Equity
          -       -       464,581       325,485  
Total Liabilities and equity
          9,151,793       6,458,861       9,616,374       6,784,346  
Equity
          13,852,630       11,435,209       22,124,135       18,146,309  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
4

 

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
 
Income statement 
Years ended March 31,2012 and 2011
(In thousand of  Reais)
 
 
         
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
Note
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Net sales
  22       1,296       2,104,078       24,096,881       18,063,480  
Cost of goods sold
  23       (2,410 )     (1,499,465 )     (21,465,009 )     (15,150,079 )
Gross Profit
          (1,114 )     604,613       2,631,872       2,913,401  
                                       
Operational income /(expenses)
                                     
Selling
  23       -       (159,075 )     (1,136,286 )     (1,026,000 )
General and administrative
  23       (99,560 )     (263,486 )     (641,894 )     (541,002 )
Other, net
  25       (62,614 )     (47,943 )     145,550       (33,828 )
Gain of formation of the JVs
  21       22,661       -       3,196,632       -  
            (139,513 )     (470,504 )     1,564,002       (1,600,830 )
Income before financial results, equity income of associates and income taxes
          (140,627 )     134,109       4,195,874       1,312,571  
                                       
Equity income of associates
  11       3,154,846       500,422       33,268       25,187  
Financial results, net
  24       (619,378 )     279,827       (474,140 )     (146,688 )
            2,535,468       780,249       (440,872 )     (121,501 )
Income before income tax
          2,394,841       914,358       3,755,002       1,191,070  
                                       
Income Taxes
                                     
Current
  17       2,429       (2,429 )     (147,454 )     (85,437 )
Deferred
  17       208,564       (140,364 )     (962,758 )     (329,071 )
                                       
Net income for  the year
          2,605,834       771,565       2,644,790       776,562  
                                       
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
          -       -       (38,956 )     (4,997 )
Net income attributable to Cosan
          2,605,834       771,565       2,605,834       771,565  
                                       
Earnings per share
  20                                  
Basic
          6,43       1,90       6,43       1,90  
Diluted
          6,34       1,90       6,34       1,90  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
5

 

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In Thousands of Reais)
 
 
               
Capital Reserve
   
Profit Reserve
                         
   
Common Stock
   
Treasury share
   
Share based compensation
   
Other components of equity
   
Legal
   
Retained Earnings
   
Unrealized Earnings
   
Accumulated earning (losses)
   
Total
   
Non-controlling interest
   
Total Equity
 
March 31, 2011
    4,691,822       (19,405 )     660,743       (123,275 )     63,119       1,185,857       -       -       6,458,861       325,485       6,784,346  
Hedge accounting
    -       -       -       53,140       -       -       -       -       53,140       -       53,140  
Hedge accounting – reversal of OCI upon formation of the JVs
    -       -       -       104,272       -       -       -       -       104,272       -       104,272  
Current translation adjustment - CTA
    -       -       -       7,415       -       -       -       -       7,415       -       7,415  
Pension
    -       -       -       (23,689 )     -       -       -       -       (23,689 )     -       (23,689 )
Reflection Effect (subsidiaries)
    -       -       4,323       -       -       -       -       -       4,323       6,885       11,208  
Share based compensation
    -       -       10,800       -       -       -       -       -       10,800       -       10,800  
Change in the non-controlling interest
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       9,036       9,036  
Treasury Shares
    -       (48,258 )     -       -       -       -       -       -       (48,258 )     -       (48,258 )
Net Income
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       2,605,834       2,605,834       38,956       2,644,790  
Reflection effect of corporate restructuring in the group Rumo
    -       -       (3,199 )     -       -       -       -       -       (3,199 )     79,070       75,871  
Effect of dividends capitalization in subsidiaries
    -       -       -       -       -       (958 )     -       -       (958 )     6,195       5,237  
Dividends
    -       -       -       -       -       (16,748 )     -       -       (16,748 )     (1,046 )     (17,794 )
Establishment of Legal Reserve
    -       -       -       -       130,292       -       -       (130,292 )     -       -       -  
Establishment of Reserves
    -       -       -       -       -       -       2,475,542       (2,475,542 )     -       -       -  
March 31, 2012
    4,691,822       (67,663 )     672,667       17,863       193,411       1,168,151       2,475,542       -       9,151,793       464,581       9,616,374  
 
 
               
Capital Reserve
   
Profit Reserve
                         
   
Common Stock
   
Treasury share
   
Share based compensation
   
Other components of equity
   
Legal
   
Retained Earnings
   
Accumulated earning (losses)
   
Total
   
Non-controlling interest
   
Total Equity
 
March 31, 2010
    4,687,826       (4,186 )     452,217       39,112       24,541       719,548       -       5,919,058       63,119       5,982,177  
Hedge accounting
    -       -       -       (143,298 )     -       -       -       (143,298 )     -       (143,298 )
Current translation adjustment - CTA
    -       -       -       346       -       -       -       346       -       346  
Pension
    -       -       -       (19,435 )     -       -       -       (19,435 )     -       (19,435 )
Capital increase resulting from the exercise of warrants
    1       -       -       -       -       -       -       1       -       1  
Exercise of stock option
    3,995       -       -       -       -       -       -       3,995       -       3,995  
Issuance of subsidiary shares to non-controlling interest
    -       -       206,404       -       -       -       -       206,404       193,596       400,000  
Logispot acquisition
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       64,277       64,277  
Treasury Shares
    -       (15,219 )     -       -       -       -       -       (15,219 )     -       (15,219 )
Effect without placing shares in subsidiary
 
    -       -       (839 )     -       -       -       -       (839 )     (504 )     (1,343 )
Share based compensation
    -       -       2,961       -       -       -       -       2,961       -       2,961  
Net Income
    -       -       -       -       -       -       771,565       771,565       4,997       776,562  
Dividends that exceed minimum mandatory
    -       -       -       -       -       -83,431       -       -83,431       -       -83,431  
Dividends
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -183,247       -183,247       -       -183,247  
Establishment of Legal Reserve
    -       -       -       -       38,578       -       (38,578 )     -       -       -  
Establishment of Reserves
    -       -       -       -       -       549,740       (549,740 )     -       -       -  
March 31, 2011
    4,691,822       (19,405 )     660,743       (123,275 )     63,119       1,185,857       -       6,458,861       325,485       6,784,346  
 
 
6

 

COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousands of Reais)
 
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
             
Net Income
    2,644,790       776,562  
                 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
               
   Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations - CTA
    7,415       346  
   Net movement on cash flow hedge
    238,503       (217,118 )
Actuarial gains and losses defined benefit plans
    (35,893 )     (29,447 )
Income tax effects
    (68,887 )     83,832  
      141,138       (162,387 )
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax
               
Total Comprehensive Income for the year, net of tax
    2,785,928       614,175  
                 
Attributed to:
               
   Owners of the Company
    2,746,972       609,178  
   Non-controlling  interests
    38,956       4,997  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
7

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousand of Reais)
 
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Operating activities
                       
Net income
    2,605,834       771,565       2,605,834       771,565  
Non-cash adjustment to reconcile profit before tax to net cash flows from operating activities
                               
Depreciation and Amortization
    3,082       79,190       1,142,780       1.359.000  
Biological asset
    -       92,497       (60,093 )     (381.894 )
Equity income
    (3,154,846 )     (500,422 )     (33,268 )     (25,187 )
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    48       (1,069 )     (93,892 )     (35,295 )
Share based compensation expenses
    10,800       2,961       10,800       2,961  
Deferred  income taxes
    (208,564 )     140,364       962,758       329,071  
Non-controlling interests
    -       -       38,956       4,997  
Income from the formation of the JVs
    69,476       -       (3,098,494 )     -  
Interest, monetary and exchange variations, net
    104,586       (2,568 )     635,133       238,482  
Others
    (14,658 )     (20,855 )     (5,709 )     4,584  
      (584,242 )     561,663       2,104,805       2,268,284  
Changes in Assets / Liabilities
                               
Accounts receivable
    (4,058 )     175,889       (361,147 )     164,693  
 Restricted cash
    (21,440 )     42,253       79,452       (142,972 )
Inventories
    628       (35,138 )     (186,775 )     84,581  
Taxes recoverable
    75,979       6,027       (17,126 )     (50,068 )
Advances to Suppliers
    (18,245 )     24,634       (103,294 )     16,779  
Accounts payable
    14,442       (16,733 )     220,213       (32,361 )
Tax Payable
    94,880       (7,803 )     886,283       75,639  
Provision for judicial demands Legal proceedings
    311,093       1,079       143,960       26,859  
Salaries payable
    8,938       5,440       108,177       36,224  
related parties
    658,825       (74,224 )     (751,679 )     (39,778 )
Derivatives
    (274,364 )     18,060       (112,281 )     13,347  
Other Assets and Liabilities, net
    (9,681 )     (1,663 )     (49,132 )     (84,129 )
      836,997       137,821       (143,349 )     68,814  
                                 
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities
    252,755       699,484       1,961,456       2,337,098  

 
 
8

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows
Years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010
(In thousand of Reais)
 
 
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Investing Activities
                       
Acquisitions , net of cash acquired
    (85,861 )     (75,985 )     (72,930 )     (157,345 )
Acquisition of additional interest in subsidiary
    (40,313 )     -       -       -  
Cash contributed upon the formation of Raizen
    -       -       (173,116 )     -  
Received cash of incorporation the Cosan Fuel Distribution
    21,198       -       -       -  
Received Dividends
    64,845       113,532       -       -  
Additions to investments
    (21,946 )     -       (42,328 )     -  
Purchase of property, plant and equipment, software and other intangible assets
    (5,538 )     (430,233 )     (1,584,542 )     (2,291,647 )
Sugar-cane planting and growing costs
    -       (253,535 )     (551,974 )     (745,572 )
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
    -       27,209       182,115       48,832  
Net Cash Flow used Investing Activities
    (67,615 )     (619,012 )     (2,242,775 )     (3,145,732 )
                                 
Financing Activities
                               
Proceeds from long-term debt
    -       744,860       2,166,743       2,719,522  
Repayment of long-term debt
    -       (1,333,722 )     1,843,352       (1,967,938 )
Capital increase
    -       3,996       -       3,996  
Cash proceeds from non-controlling interests
    -       -       560,946       400,000  
Treasury shares
    (48,258 )     (15,219 )     (48,258 )     (15,219 )
Dividends paid
    (192,661 )     (193,095 )     (192,661 )     (193,095 )
Related Parties
    -       799,101       -       37,072  
Net cash flows (used in) from financing activities
    (240,919 )     5,921       643,418       984,338  
                                 
                                 
Net increase in Cash or Equivalent Cash
    (55,779 )     86,393       362,099       175,704  
                                 
Cash and equivalent cash in the beginning of the period
    372,318       285,925       1,254,070       1,078,366  
Cash and equivalent cash in the end of the period
    316,539       372,318       1,616,169       1,254,070  
                                 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
                               
Income taxes paid
    -       -       179,655       38,844  
Financial interest expenses paid
    -       153,536       304,611       450,051  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
 
 
 
9

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Revenues
                       
Sales of services and products, net
    1,341       2,245,101       25,351,658       19,783,250  
Others operational revenues, net
    8,436       6,093       305,929       61,473  
Gain of formation of joint venture
    22,661       -       3,196,632       -  
Reversal (additions) of allowance for doubtful accounts
    -       (202 )     (357 )     7,795  
      32,438       2,250,992       28,853,862       19,852,518  
Raw materials acquired from third parties
                               
Cost of goods sold and services rendered
    (2,410 )     (1,074,071 )     (20,155,600 )     (13,578,664 )
Materials, energy, third parties services, others
    (118,422 )     (460,470 )     (1,264,302 )     (1,380,614 )
      (120,832 )     (1,534,541 )     (21,419,902 )     (14,959,278 )
                                 
Gross value added
    (88,394 )     716,451       7,433,960       4,893,240  
Retention
                               
Depreciation and amortization
    (1,897 )     (79,190 )     (1,142,780 )     (742,307 )
Net value added
    (90,291 )     637,261       6,291,180       4,150,933  
                                 
Value added received in transfer
                               
Income from equity investments
    3,154,846       500,422       33,268       25,187  
Financial revenue
    184,949       574,416       1,053,017       542,501  
      3,339,795       1,074,838       1,086,285       567,688  
Value added to be distributed
    3,249,504       1,712,099       7,377,465       4,718,621  
                                 
Distribution of value added
                               
Salaries
    41,478       263,081       846,278       901,062  
Taxes and contributions
    (198,773 )     283,816       2,208,137       2,134,280  
Financial expenses
    800,578       294,589       1,523,362       689,189  

 
 
10

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

1.  
Operations

Cosan S.A. Indústria e Comércio (“Cosan” or “the Company”) is a Brazilian Company with its shares traded on the São Paulo Stock Exchange (Bovespa – CSAN 3). Its registered office is located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Cosan Limited is the controlling shareholder of Cosan, holding a 62.07% interest therein as of March 31, 2012.

Cosan S.A.’s, through its subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities, primary activities are in the following business segments: (i) Sugar & Ethanol: the production of sugar and ethanol, as well as the energy cogeneration produced from sugar cane bagasse, through its joint venture named Raízen Energia Participações S.A. (“Raízen Energia”); (ii) fuel distribution through its joint venture named Raízen Combustíveis S.A. (“Raízen Combustíveis”); (iii) Logistics services including transportation, port lifting and storage of sugar, through its subsidiary Novo Rumo Logística S.A. (Rumo); (iv) Production and distribution of lubricants licensed by Mobil trademark and, (v) since July 1, 2011, the activity of purchase and sale of sugar in the retail segment, which was  performed by Raízen Energia was acquired by the Company and allocated to a new segment named “Cosan Alimentos”.

On June 1st 2011, the Company announced, jointly with Royal Dutch Shell ("Shell"), the formation of two entities under common control ("joint ventures" or “JVs”): (i) Raizen Combustíveis, in the fuel distribution segment, and (ii) Raizen Energia, in the segment of production and trade of sugar, ethanol and energy cogeneration. Cosan S.A. and Shell share control of the two entities, with each company holding 50% of the economic control. Cosan recorded its investments in the joint ventures through proportionate consolidation.

Cosan contributed with its sugar, ethanol, cogeneration and fuel distribution business in the formation of the joint ventures. Shell contributed its fuel distribution business in Brazil and  interests in two entities involved in activities related to research and development of second generation ethanol (Iogen and Codexis), the license to use the Shell brand in the amount of R$ 533 million and a cash contribution of approximately R$ 1.8 billion over a period of 2 years. The accounting effects arising from the formation of Raizen Combustíveis and Raizen Energia are presented in Note 21, the financial position and the operational profits consolidated in the Company for subsequent periods of the JV’s formation are not necessarily comparable to pre-formation amounts.

The logistics of commodities and lubricants distribution business, together with the investment in Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A. ("Radar") were not contributed to the joint ventures.

2.  
Summary of significant accounting policies

2.1.  
Basis of Preparation

The consolidated financial statements were prepared and presented in accordance with the accounting policies adopted in Brazil, which include the rules of the Securities Commission (CVM) and the pronouncements of the Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC), which are in accordance with the international accounting standards issued by the IASB.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazil. These practices differ from IFRS, apply to separate financial statements, only in relation to the valuation of investments in subsidiaries, associates and jointly controlled by the equity method, whereas under IFRS would cost or fair value.
 
 
11

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

These consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Audit Committee on May 22, 2012.

In accordance with the presentation adopted in the current year, the comparative balance of deferred income taxes and social contribution as of March 31, 2011, totaling R$598,348, before presented separately in the consolidated financial statement, was reclassified to offset the balance of deferred income taxes and social contribution.

a)  
Basis of preparation

These individual and consolidated financial statements were prepared on a historical cost basis, except for derivative financial instruments and biological assets that have been measured at fair value.

b)  
Functional and presentation currency

There financial statements, consolidated and individual, are presented in Real, which is the Company´s functional currency. The financial statements of each subsidiary included in the consolidation of the Company and the ones used as the basis for valuation of investments by the equity method are prepared based pm the functional currency of each company. For subsidiaries located abroad, their assets and liabilities were converted to Real exchange rate by year-end and the results were calculated by the average monthly rate during exercise. The effects of conversion are recorded in shareholders’ equity of these subsidiaries.

The financial statements of each subsidiary included in the consolidation and equity method investments are prepared based on the functional currency of each company. Cosan, certain subsidiaries and equity method investments with a functional currency other than Brazilian reais, had their assets and liabilities converted into Brazilian reais at the exchange rate as of year end and their revenues and expenses were converted by applying the average monthly rates.

c)  
Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated and individual financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities at the end of the reporting period. Such estimates and assumptions are reviewed on a continuous basis and changes are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

A significant change in the facts and circumstances on which judgments, estimates and assumptions are based, may cause a material impact on the results and financial condition of the Company, jointly-controlled and subsidiaries:

Deferred income taxes and social contribution

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the losses can be utilized. Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies. For further detail on deferred income taxes see Note 17.
 
 
12

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

Biological assets

Biological assets are measured at fair value at each reporting date and the effects of changes in fair value between the periods are allocated directly to cost of goods sold. For further detail on the assumptions used see Note 12.

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment (“P, P&E”) including goodwill

The accounting treatment of intangible assets and P P&E includes estimation to determine the useful life period for purposes to calculate the depreciation and amortization, as well as fair value at the date of acquisition, in particular for assets acquired in business combinations and the formation of JVs.

The company annually performs an analysis of recoverable value of cash-generating units in order to identify a possible devaluation in goodwill and, eventually, in property, plant and equipment.

The determination of the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit which the goodwill are attributed,   includes the use of assumptions and estimates and requires complex level of judgment. For more details about the assumptions used, see note 14

Share based payments

Cosan S.A. measures the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. The estimation of fair value for share-based payment transactions requires determining the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determining the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the assumption of the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield. The assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions are disclosed in Note 28.

Pension benefits

The cost of defined benefit pension plans and other post employment medical benefits and the present value of the pension obligation is determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions which may differ from actual results in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and future pension increases. A defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date. Further details about the assumptions used are included in note 27.

Fair value measurement of contingent consideration

Contingent consideration, resulting from business combinations, is valued at fair value at the acquisition date.

Fair value of financial instruments

When the fair value of financial assets and liabilities recorded in the statement of financial position cannot be derived from active markets, their fair value is determined using valuation techniques
 
 
13

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

including the discounted cash flow model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgment is required in establishing fair values. The judgments include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. For further details on financial instruments refer to Note 26.


2.2  
Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statement includes information from Cosan, its subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities for 2012 and 2011. The Subsidiaries and jointly controlled subsidiaries are listed below:

   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Direct
   
Indirect
   
Total
   
Direct
   
Indirect
   
Total
 
Subsidiaries
                                   
Administração de Participações Aguassanta Ltda.
    91.50 %     -       91.50 %     91.50 %     -       91.50 %
Bioinvestments Negócios e Participações S.A.
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       91.50 %     91.50 %
Vale da Ponte Alta S.A.
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       91.50 %     91.50 %
Águas da Ponte Alta S.A.
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       91.50 %     91.50 %
Proud Participações S.A.
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     99.90 %     -       99.90 %
Cosan Distribuidora de Combustíveis Ltda.
    -       -       -       99.90 %     -       99.90 %
Cosan Overseas Limited
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       100.00 %
Pasadena Empreendimentos e Participações S.A.
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       100.00 %
Cosan Cayman Finance Limited
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       100.00 %
Cosan Cayman II Limited
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     -       -       -  
Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades S.A. (anteriormente denominada Cosan Combustíveis e Lubrificantes S.A.)
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       100.00 %
CCL Cayman Finance Limited
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       100.00 %     100.00 %
Copsapar Participações S.A.
    90.00 %     -       90.00 %     90.00 %     -       90.00 %
Novo Rumo Logística S.A.
    28.80 %     64.10 %     92.90 %     28.80 %     64.10 %     92.90 %
Rumo Logística S.A.
    -       -       -       -       69.70 %     69.70 %
Handson Participações S.A.
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     -       -       -  
Docelar Alimentos e Bebidas S.A.
    33.00 %     66.90 %     99.90 %     99.90 %     -       99.90 %
Cosan Operadora Portuária S.A.
    -       69.70 %     69.70 %     -       69.70 %     69.70 %
Teaçú Armazéns Gerais S.A.
    -       -       -       -       69.70 %     69.70 %
Logispot Armazéns Gerais S.A.
    -       35.50 %     35.50 %     -       35.50 %     35.50 %
Stallion S.A.
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -       -       -  
Jointly-controlled
                                               
Raízen S.A. (1)
    50.00 %     -       50.00 %     -       -       -  
Raízen Energia Participações S.A. (1)
    50.00 %     -       50.00 %     -       -       -  
Raízen Combustíveis S.A. (1)
    50.00 %     -       50.00 %     -       -       -  
IPUTI Empreendimentos e Participações S.A. (1)
    50.00 %     -       50.00 %     -       -       -  

(1)  
Jointly-controlled with Shell
(2)  
Represents voting and economic interest. Cosan S.A. holds 51% of the outstanding shares of Raízen Energia, and 49% of the outstanding shares of Raízen Combustíveis.

The subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date of acquisition of control, and continue to be consolidated until the date that control ceases to exist. The financial statements of subsidiaries are prepared for the same disclosure period as that of the parent company, using consistent accounting policies. All balances held between the subsidiary companies and jointly controlled entities, income
 
 
14

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

and expenses and unrealized gains and losses derived from intercompany transactions are eliminated.

Any change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary that does not result in loss of control is accounted for as an equity transaction.

The Company holds an interest in jointly controlled, in which entrepreneurs maintain contractual arrangement establishes joint control. The Company recognizes its interest in jointly controlled using the proportional consolidation in its consolidated financial statement.

The financial statements of jointly controlled are prepared for the same period the company's disclosure.

Adjustments are made ​​where necessary to align with the accounting policies adopted by the Company.


2.3  
Summary of significant accounting practices

The accounting policies listed below have been consistently applied to all years presented in these consolidated financial statements and have been applied consistently by the subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities.

a)  
Revenue recognition

Revenues from the sale of products or goods are recognized when the entity transfers to the buyer the significant risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the goods and merchandise, and when it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company. The sales prices are fixed based on purchase orders or contracts. Goods or services paid in advance are recorded as deferred revenue in other liabilities group and recognized as revenue when the goods are delivered and the service provided.

b)  
Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency rates, prevailing at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the functional currency spot rate of exchange at the reporting date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions.

c)  
Financial instruments – Recognition initial and subsequent measurement

(i) Financial assets

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets are classified into the following categories: at fair value through profit or loss, held-to-maturity, available for sale and loans and receivables. The Company determines the classification of its financial assets upon initial recognition.
 
 
15

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

Financial assets are initially recognized at fair value, plus, in the case of investments not designated at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets.

Financial assets include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other receivables and derivative financial instruments.

Subsequent measurement

The subsequent measurement of financial assets depends on their classification, which can be as follows:

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss include financial assets held for trading and assets designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit and loss. They are classified as held for trading if they were acquired with the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the short term. Derivatives are also measured at fair value through profit or loss, except those designated as hedging instruments. Interest, monetary and exchange variations and changes arising from the valuation at fair value are recognized in the income statement when incurred in the line of revenue or expense.

Loans and receivables

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method (EIR), less impairment. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs.  Amortization is included in finance income in the income statement.

Held-to-maturity

Non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities are classified as held-to maturity when the Company has the positive intention and ability to hold them to maturity. Interest, monetary, exchange rate, less impairment losses, if any, are recognized in income when incurred in the line of financial income/expense.

Financial assets available for sale

Financial assets available for sale are those non-derivative financial assets that are not classified as (a) loans and receivables, (b) investments held to maturity or (c) financial assets at fair value through profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial asset is derecognized when:

·  
The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired; and
·  
The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the cash flows received without material delay to a third party under a pass-through arrangement; and either (a) the Company transfers substantially all the risks and rewards
 
 
16

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

of the asset, or (b) the Company neither transfers nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but transfers control of the asset.
Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is any objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset or a group of financial assets is deemed to be impaired if, and only if, there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (an incurred ‘loss event’) and that loss event has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or the group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated.

(ii) Financial liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge. The Company determines the classification of its financial liabilities at initial recognition.

All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and in the case of loans and borrowings, carried at amortized cost.

The Company’s financial liabilities include payables to suppliers and other payables, loans and borrowings and derivative financial instruments.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification as follows:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss and derivatives, except those designated as hedging instruments. Interest, monetary and exchange variations and changes arising from the valuation at fair value, where applicable, are recognized in the income statement when incurred.

Loans and borrowings

After initial recognition, loans and borrowings are subject to interest subsequently measured at amortized cost, using the method of effective interest rate. Gains and losses are recognized in the income statement at the moment of the liability write-off, as well as during the process of amortization by the method of effective interest rate.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled or expires.
 
 
17

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

(iii) Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the consolidated statement of financial position if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

(iv) Fair value of financial instruments

The fair value of financial instruments that are traded in active markets at each reporting date is determined by reference to quoted market prices or dealer price quotations, without any deduction for transaction costs.

The fair value of financial instruments for which there is no active market is determined using valuation techniques. These techniques can include using recent market transactions (interest free) reference to the current fair value of other similar instruments, analysis of discounted cash flows or other valuation models.

An analysis of fair values of financial instruments and further details as to how they are measured are provided in Note 26.

(v) Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting

Initial recognition and subsequent measurement

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps and forward commodity contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks, interest rate risks and commodity price risks, respectively. Derivatives designated in hedge transactions are initially recognized at fair value on the date on which the derivative is acquired, and subsequently also revalued to fair value. Derivatives are presented as financial assets when the instrument's fair value is positive and as liabilities when fair value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to the income statement, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, which is recognized in other comprehensive income.

For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as:

·  
Fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment or identified part of such asset, liability or firm commitment, that is attributable to a particular risk and could affecting the income;

·  
Cash flow hedges when hedging exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognized firm commitment; and
 
·  
Hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation.
 
 
18

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge.

The documentation includes identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrument’s fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated.

Hedges are expected to be highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows, being continually assessed to determine whether they were actually highly effective over all the base periods for which they were intended.

Hedges which meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for as follows:

Cash flow hedges

The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognized directly as other comprehensive income in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the income statement in other operating expenses.

Amounts recognized as other comprehensive income are transferred to the income statement when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognized or when a forecast sale occurs. Where the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognized as other comprehensive income are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the nonfinancial asset or liability.

If the forecast transaction or firm commitment is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in equity is transferred to the income statement. If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover, or if its designation as a hedge is revoked, any cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in other comprehensive income remains in other comprehensive income until the forecast transaction or firm commitment affects profit or loss.

The Company uses forward currency contracts as hedges of its exposure to foreign currency risk in forecasted transactions and firm commitments, as well as forward commodity contracts for its exposure to volatility in the commodity prices. Refer to Note 26 for more details.

Fair value hedge and hedges of a net investment

The Company does not hold derivative financial instruments designated in these types of operations.
 
 
19

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

d)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents include cash, bank deposits and other short-term investments of immediate liquidity, redeemable within 90 days from the date of issue, readily convertible into a known amount as cash and cash with insignificant risk of change in their value.

The restricted cash relates mainly to deposits of margin requirements made with brokers who trade commodity derivative instruments linked to Company’s derivatives instruments and financial transactions.

e)
Accounts receivable

Refer to receivables from customers and are reduced, by provision, to their probable realizable value.

f)
Inventories

Inventories are recorded at average cost of acquisition or production, not to exceed the net realizable value.

g)
Equity method investments

Entities over which the Company exercises significant influence are accounted for by the equity method. Based on the equity method, investments are recorded on the balance sheet at cost, plus the changes following the acquisition of shares and the Company’s share of equity income or loss of the associate.
 
The income statement reflects the share of operating results of associates associate based on the equity method. When a change is recognized directly in equity of the associate, the Company recognizes its share of the variations, where applicable, statement of changes in equity.
 
The financial statements of associates are prepared for the same period of presentation of the Company even if the fiscal year is not coincidental. Where necessary, adjustments are made to conform to the accounting practices of the Company.
 
After applying the equity method, the Company determines whether it is necessary to recognize additional loss of recoverable value on the Company's investment in its associate. The Company determines, at each year end, if there is objective evidence that investment in associate loss suffered by the impairment. If so, the Company calculates the amount of loss on the impairment as the difference between the recoverable value of the associate and the book value and the amount recognized in the income statement.
 
When there is loss of significant influence over the associate, the Company evaluates and recognizes the investment at fair value at that moment.
 
The unrealized gains and losses resulting from transactions between the Company and associates are eliminated in accordance with the participation held in the associate.
 
 
20

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 
 
h) 
Interest in joint ventures

 
The Company has an interest in joint ventures, which are a jointly controlled entities, whereby the venturers have a contractual arrangement that establishes joint control over the economic activities of the entity. The agreement requires unanimous agreement for financial and operating decisions among the venturers. The Company recognizes its interest in the joint ventures using the proportionate consolidation method. The Company combines its proportionate share of each of the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of the joint ventures with similar items, line by line, in its consolidated financial statements. The financial statements of the joint ventures are prepared for the same reporting period as the Company.
 
Adjustments are made in the Company´s consolidated financial statements to eliminate the Company´s share of intercompany balances, transactions and unrealized gains and losses on such transactions between the Company and its joint ventures. Losses on transactions are recognized immediately if the loss provides evidence of a reduction in the net realisable value of current assets or an impairment loss. The joint venture is proportionately consolidated until the date on which the Company ceases to have joint control over the joint venture.
 
As discussed in Note 2.4, effective in the Company’s fiscal year ending March 31, 2014, the IFRS accounting for these proportionately consolidated entities will change and the Company will then be required to account for them retrospectively using the equity method of accounting.
 
i)
Biological assets

Biological assets refer to the sugarcane plantations and are recognized at fair value at each balance sheet date and the effects of changes in fair values between the periods are allocated to cost of goods sold. The sugarcane plantation is measured at fair value in accordance with the discounted cash flow method. The harvest of the Company begins generally in April each year and ends in the months of November and December.

The Company’s own land on which the biological asset is produced is accounted for in accordance with IAS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment.

j) 
Property, plant and equipment (“P, P&E”)

Items of P, P&E are measured at historical cost of acquisition or construction, less accumulated depreciation and impairment when applicable.

Cost includes expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of an asset. The cost of assets constructed by the entity includes the cost of materials and direct labor, other costs to put the asset in location and condition necessary for them to be able to operate in the manner intended by management, and borrowing costs on qualifying assets. Borrowing costs relating to funds raised for work in progress are capitalized until these projects are completed.

The Company carries out the planned major maintenance  and inspection activities at its plants on an annual basis in order to inspect and replace components. This occurs between January and March. The principal costs include maintenance costs for labor, material third party services and overhead allocated during the inter harvest period.
 
 
21

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

The estimated cost of a component of a piece of equipment that must be replaced each year is recorded as a component of cost of the equipment and depreciated over the following season. Costs of normal periodic maintenance are recorded as expenses when incurred since the components will not improve the production capacity or introduce improvements to equipment.

Depreciation is calculated on a straight line method based on useful life of each asset, following the annual depreciation rates shown below:

Buildings and improvements
 
4%
Machinery and equipment
 
3% to 10%
Agricultural machinery
 
10%
Industrial equipment and facilities
 
10%
Furniture and fixtures
 
10%
Computer equipment
 
20%
Vehicles
 
10% to 20%
Locomotives
 
3.3%
Rail cars
 
2.9%
Boats
 
20%
Aircrafts
 
10%
 
k)
Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception date.

Finance leases which transfer to the Company substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item, are capitalized at the commencement of the lease at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognized in finance costs in the income statement. A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset.

Operating lease payments are recognized as an operating expense in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

l)
Intangibles

(i)
Goodwill

The goodwill is maintained at its cost, net of any impairment losses, if applicable. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment losses. For testing purposes the recoverable amount, the acquired goodwill in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each cash-generating units of the Company which are expected to be benefited by the combination, independently of other assets or liabilities of the acquiree to be assigned to those units.

(ii)
Intangible assets with finite lives

Intangible assets with defined useful lives are measured at cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses.
 
 
22

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

m)
Impairment

The Company assesses annually whether there are indications of impairment in its long lived assets. If these indicators are identified, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. The recoverable amount of an asset or a group of assets is the greater of: (a) the fair value less estimated costs to sell it, and (b) its value in use. Value in use is the discounted cash flow (before taxes) from the continued use of the assets until the end of its useful life.

Regardless of the existence of indicators of loss of value, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment at least once a year.

When the book value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the impairment loss is recognized as an operating expense in the income statement.

n)
Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs related to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily requires a substantial period of time to be concluded for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective assets. Borrowing costs include interest and other costs incurred by an entity on the loan.

o)
Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

p)
Pension and other employment benefits

i)  
Defined benefit pension plan

The Company, through its indirect subsidiary Cosan Lubrificantes  Especialidades S.A. (“CLE”) is the sponsor of a defined benefit pension plan for part of its employees. The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined annually by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

Actuarial gains and losses for the defined benefit plan are recognized in full in the period in which they occur in other comprehensive income. Such actuarial gains and losses are also immediately recognized in equity and are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

ii)  
Defined contribution pension plan

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities sponsor a defined contribution plan, for all employees. The Company does not have a legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not have sufficient assets to pay all benefits owed.
 
 
23

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

iii)  
Share-based payments

Employees (including senior executives) of Cosan S.A. receive regular compensation in the form of equity investments for services rendered (equity-settled transactions). The cost of equity-settled transactions is recognized, together with a corresponding increase in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled. A companhia uses the binomial model to estimate the fair value of the options at the date of the grant.


q) 
Treasury shares

Represented by the own shares re-acquired on the market and held in treasury, in accordance with the Repurchase Plan previously approved.

Equity instruments which are reacquired (treasury shares) are recognized at cost and deducted from equity. No gain or loss is recognized in the income statement in the purchase, sale, issue or cancel of equity instruments of the Company. Any difference between book value and the consideration is recognized in capital reserve.

r) 
Taxes

(i)  
Income taxes
 
Taxation on income comprises the income tax and social contribution. Income tax is calculated on taxable income at a rate of 15%, plus an additional 10% for profits that exceed $ 240 in 12 months, while the social contribution is calculated at the rate of 9% on taxable income recognized on an accrual basis. Therefore the Company is subject to a theoretical rate of income tax equivalent to 34%.
Income taxes are comprised of income tax and social contribution at a combined rate of 34%.

Deferred Income and social contribution taxes on tax losses, negative basis of social contribution and temporary differences are presented in, noncurrent, assets and / or liabilities, calculated based  on the rates set out upon its completion and reviewed annually. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that there will be taxable for which the temporary differences can be utilized.

Anticipations or countervailable values are demonstrated as current and noncurrent, according to their expected realization.

(ii)  
Indirect taxes

Net revenues is recognized net of discounts and sales taxes (IPI, ICMS, PIS and COFINS).

s)  
Business combinations

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method and the assets and liabilities assumed are measured at fair value for purposes of goodwill calculation. Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition cost in comparison the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities. If there
 
 
24

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

is an excess of the acquirer's interest in the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired over the cost, the difference is recognized immediately in the income statement.

t)  
Asset retirement obligations

The retirement obligations of its jointly-controlled entities relate to the required obligation to remove underground fuel tanks upon retirement.
The initial measurement of which is recognized as a liability discounted to present values and subsequently accreted through earnings. An asset retirement cost equal to the initial estimated liability is capitalized as part of the related asset’s carrying value and depreciated over the asset’s useful life.
 
u)  
Environmental matters

The Company, its subsidiaries and its jointly-controlled entities production facilities and their plantation activities are both subject to environmental regulations. The Company diminishes the risks associated with environmental matters, through operating procedures and controls and investments in pollution control equipment and systems.

2.4 New IFRS and IFRIC Interpretations Committee (Financial Reporting Interpretations of IASB) applicable to the consolidated financial statements

New accounting pronouncements of the IASB and IFRIC interpretations have been published and / or reviewed as presented below:


IFRS 9 Financial Instruments: Classification and Measurement

Classification and measurement - It reflects the first phase of the IASBs work on the replacement of IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. IFRS 9 uses a simplified approach to determine whether a financial asset is measured at amortized cost or fair value, based on the manner in which an entity manages its financial instruments (business model) and the typical contractual cash flow of financial assets. The standard also requires the adoption of only one method for determining losses in recoverable value of assets. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. Management is still evaluating the impact on its financial position or performance in relation to IFRS 9.

IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements

IFRS 10 as issued establishes principles for the presentation and preparation of consolidated financial statements when an entity controls one or more other entities. IFRS 10 replaces the consolidation requirements in SIC-12 Consolidation—Special Purpose Entities and IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. Early application is permitted. Management is still evaluating the impact on its financial position or performance from the adoption of IFRS 10.
 
 
25

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements

IFRS 11 will significantly change the accounting for the Company’s joint arrangements.  The new standard eliminates inconsistencies in the reporting of joint arrangements in current practice, by requiring a single method (the equity method of accounting) to account for interests in jointly controlled entities.  
 
It eliminates the option to proportionate consolidate these jointly controlled entities.  It is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.  Early adoption is permitted.
 
 With the adoption of IFRS 11, currently expected for the year ended March 31, 2014, the Company's joint ventures (Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis) currently presented via proportionate consolidation, will be presented using the equity method of accounting in accordance with IAS 28R – Investment in Associates and Joint Ventures.   These two joint ventures currently comprise a substantial component of the Company's assets and operations.  Thus, while the Company is currently estimating the impacts of the adoption of IFRS 11, it is anticipated that it will be significant.
 
The total assets of these joint ventures represented approximately 71% of consolidated totals at March 31, 2012.  The revenues, operating income and cash flow from operating activities of these joint ventures accounted for approximately 80%, 67% and 93% of consolidated totals for the year ended March 31, 2012, respectively. A change from proportionate consolidation to equity method accounting would have no impact on the total equity or net income derived from these joint ventures, except that when using a proportional consolidation model net income would be lower in the year of joint venture formation as the transaction costs would be expensed as incurred.  When applying the equity method of accounting those expenses would be considered a component of the equity method investment.
 
IFRS 12 Disclosure of Involvement with Other Entities

IFRS 12 is a new and comprehensive standard on disclosure requirements for all forms of interests in other entities, including subsidiaries, joint arrangements, associates and unconsolidated structured entities.  IFRS 12 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.  Earlier application is permitted. Management is still evaluating the impact on its financial position or performance from the adoption of IFRS 12.

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement

IFRS 13 establishes new requirements on how to measure fair value and the related disclosures for IFRS and US generally accepted accounting principles. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. Earlier application is permitted. Management is still evaluating the impact on its financial position or performance from the adoption of IFRS 13.

IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (revised in 2011)

As a consequence of the new IFRS 11 and IFRS 12, IAS 28 has been renamed IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, and describes the application of the equity method to investments in joint ventures in addition to associates. The amendment becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013.
 
 
 
26

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

There are no other pronouncements issued and yet to be adopted that may have a significant impact in the Company´s operations and financial position


3.
Cash and Equivalent Cash
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Cash
    177       146       3,027       289  
Bank accounts
    13       11,971       124,804       64,437  
Value awaiting for closing exchange
    -       5,952       11,477       78,353  
Highly liquid Investments
    316,349       354,249       1,476,861       1,110,991  
      316,539       372,318       1,616,169       1,254,070  

On March 31, 2012, the Company had unused lines of credit with BNDES, at the amount of R$ 420,414 (R$1,064,930 in March 31,2011). The use of these lines of credit depends upon fulfillment of certain contractual conditions.


4.
Restricted Cash
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Restricted financial investments
    18,233       -       48,292       61,072  
Deposits in connection with derivative transactions
    -       2,719       45,976       126,872  
      18,233       2,719       94,268       187,944  

Deposits in connection with derivative transactions relate to margin calls by counterparties in derivative transactions.


5.
Other financial assets

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Fair value of Radar option (1)
    140,820       162,961       140,820       162,961  
Brazilian Treasury certificates – CTN (2)
    -       38,812       149,438       257,456  
ExxonMobil financial asset - reimbursement (3)
    -       -       540,224       -  
      140,820       201,773       830,482       420,417  
Current
            -       40,080       -  
Non current
    140,820       201,773       790,402       420,417  

(1)  
The Cosan S.A. holds warrants on Radar, exercisable at any time up to maturity (August 2018). Such warrants will allow Cosan S.A. to purchase additional shares at R$41.67 per share adjusted for inflation (IPCA), equivalent to 20% of the total shares issued by Radar as of the date of exercise. The exercise of warrants will not change the classification of this investment as an equity investment. The fair value of these warrants was calculated based on observable market data.
(2)  
Represented by bonds issued by the Brazilian National Treasury under the Special Program for Agricultural Securitization - "PESA" with original maturity of 20 years in connection with the long-term debt denominated PESA (note 15). These bonds yield inflation (IGPM) plus 12% p.a.. The value of these securities at maturity is expected to be equal to the amount due to the PESA at that date. If the PESA debt is paid in advance, the Company may still keep this investment until maturity
 
 
27

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
(3)  
 In June 28, 2011 the subsidiary Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades S.A., the successor entity Esso Brasileira de Petróleo Ltda. (“Essobrás”) proceeded with the consolidation of tax debts included in the tax recovery program ("Refis IV") the amount of R$ 540,224, as determined by ExxonMobil Brasil Holdings BV, the former owner is contractually responsible for these liabilities. Therefore the Company recognized an obligation to pay taxes and a corresponding to a financial asset from ExxonMobil Brasil Holdings BV. the same amount.
 
 
6.
Accounts Receivable

The balances of accounts receivables as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 are composed as follows:
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Domestic
    -       45,790       902,407       678,498  
Foreign
    -       -       164,681       7,556  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
    -       (1,008 )     (103,502 )     (91,197 )
      -       44,782       963,586       594,857  

The analysis of the maturity of the accounts receivable is as follows:

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Current
    -       44,048       764,826       555,826  
Over Due:
                               
Up to 30 days
    -       48       100,339       21,097  
From 31 to 60 days
    -       1       16,535       4,317  
From 61 to 90 days
    -       229       8,476       553  
More than 180 days
    -       456       73,410       13,064  
                                 
      -       44,782       963,586       594,857  

Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
March 31, 2010
    (806 )     (97,721 )
Provision
    (308 )     (16,573 )
Reversal
    106       18,238  
Write-offs
    -       6,130  
Addition from business combination
    -       (1,271 )
March 31, 2011
    (1,008 )     (91,197 )
Addition
    -       (28,003 )
Reversal
    -       26,711  
Write-offs
    -       935  
Addition from the formation of the JVs
    1,008       (11,135 )
Addition from business combination
    -       (813 )
March 31, 2012
    -       (103,502 )
 
 
28

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

7.
Inventories 
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Finished Goods:
                       
    Sugar
    -       9,559       87,110       77,673  
    Ethanol
    -       18,080       101,994       42,840  
    Fuel
    -       -       276,867       231,891  
    Lubrificants
    -       -       112,492       94,743  
    Raw material
    -       17,546       52,586       51,598  
Goods in process
    -       1,121       -       5,121  
Spare parts and others
    -       51,993       121,643       186,032  
Provision for inventory realization obsolescence
    -       (5,728 )     (4,542 )     (19,567 )
      -       92,571       748,150       670,331  

Change in the provision for inventory realization and obsolescence is as follows:

   
Parent
Company
   
Consolidated
 
March 31, 2010
    (6,783 )     (25,260 )
Addition
    (2,681 )     (13,483 )
Reversal
    3,736       19,176  
March 31, 2011
    (5,728 )     (19,567 )
Additions
    -       (1,697 )
Effective Loss
    -       5,173  
Reversion
    -       4,815  
Effect of the formation of JV
    5,728       6,734  
March 31, 2012
    -       (4,542 )

8.
Recoverable Taxes
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Income tax
    31,968       25,953       107,561       66,274  
COFINS
    -       61,478       63,727       121,474  
PIS
    -       13,426       18,614       27,338  
ICMS  - State VAT
    -       7,713       194,818       151,161  
IPI
    -       976       43,039       47,741  
Others
    1,809       210       9,193       16,069  
      33,777       109,756       436,952       430,057  
Current
    33,777       105,134       325,096       374,991  
Non-current
    -       4,622       111,856       55,066  
 
 
29

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

9.
Related Parties

a)  
Summary of the main balances and transactions with related parties:

   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Current Assets
           
Shell (i)
    626,783       -  
Raízen Energia (ii)
    20,731       -  
Grupo Rezende Barbosa (iii)
    9,469       7,298  
Vertical UK LLP (iv)
    540       6,430  
Vertical UK LLP (iv)
    14,242       -  
Others
    6,609       941  
Total Current asset
    678,374       14,669  
                 
Non Current Assets
               
Shell (i)
    335,317       -  
Raízen Energia (ii)
    214,885       -  
Raízen Combustíveis (ii)
    87,811       -  
Group Rezende Barbosa (iii)
    105,751       91,954  
Others
    9,389       -  
Total Non-current asset
    753,153       91,954  
                 
Non-Current Liabilities
               
Raízen Energia (ii)
    76,257       -  
Group Rezende Barbosa (iii)
    12,577       37,664  
Shell (i)
    83,064       -  
Raízen Combustíveis (ii)
    321       -  
Others
    2,811       3,499  
Total current liabilities
    175,030       41,163  
                 
Current Liabilities
               
Shell (i)
    379,626       -  
Raízen  Energia (ii)
    6,387       -  
Others
    3,705       4,444  
Total Non-current liabilities
    389,718       4,444  
 
 
30

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

Sales of products/services
           
Vertical UK LLP
    75,338       160,202  
Others
    441       39,963  
      75,779       200,165  
Purchase of goods/inputs
               
Grupo Rezende Barbosa
    263,859       352,195  
Vertical UK LLP
    113,518       -  
Shell Western Supply and Trading
    7,032       -  
      384,409       352,195  
Land lease
               
Aguassanta
    17,577       26,459  
Radar
    22,532       28,446  
      40,109       54,905  
Financial income / (expense)
               
Grupo Rezende Barbosa
    2,502       233  
Shell Brasil Holding B.V.
    148,733       -  
Others
    242       512  
      151,477       745  


 
(i)  
Shell

Shell Holdings B.V. and its subsidiaries ("Shell") are related parties of Raizen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis, therefore, the transactions between Shell and these entities were treated by the Company as related party transactions and all balances disclosed are 50% proportionally consolidated.

The short-term receivable is mainly comprised of (i) capital contribution receivable from Raízen Energia amounting R$ 489,856, (ii) and other receivables totaling R$ 136,927, represented by other reimbursements resulting from the formation of JVs.

The long-term receivables are represented mainly by (i) reimbursement of provisions existing at the legal entity contributed by Shell related to the contingencies in the amount of R$ 244,046, and (ii) a financial asset equivalent to the investment that Shell has in Iogen, valued at fair value, and that will be contributed to Raizen Energia in the amount of R$ 86,535.

The short term payable comprises mainly reimbursement tax credits of the legal entity contributed by Shell in the amount of R$ 77,631.

The long term payable refers to (i) reimbursement of judicial deposits in the legal entity contributed by Shell, which will be refunded when redeemed, in the amount of R$ 130,883, and (ii) reimbursement of tax credits of the legal entity contributed by Shell in the amount of R$ 248,743.


 
(ii)  
Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustível

The balances with Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustível are consolidated proportionally at 50% considering the elimination of the portion related to the Company.
 
 
31

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

The balances in current assets in the amount of R$ 20,731 and R$ 14,242 in Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis, respectively, represent receivables of (i) transportation and sugar elevation services provided by Rumo, (ii) sale of land by CLE and (iii) leased land.

Non-current assets receivable from Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis represent, basically, tax credits which will be reimbursed to the Company when effectively realized by the JVs.

The balance of R$ 76,257 recorded as current liabilities in Raízen Energia represents, mainly, payables related sugar purchased by the Cosan Alimentos segment and other reimbursable obligations due to the formation of JVs.

 
(iii)  
Rezende Barbosa

The Company has receivables from Rezende Barbosa which are guaranteed by shares issued by Cosan.

The jointly-controlled entity "Raízen Energia" has long-term agreement with Group Rezende Barbosa to supply sugar-cane. The prices paid are based on the ATR prices published by CONSECANA.

 
(iv)  
Vertical UK LLP

The Company sells and buys ethanol from Vertical UK LLP (“Vertical”) in the normal course of business. Vertical is a Trading Company headquartered in Switzerland for which we have indirectly a 50% non-controlling interests.

 
(v)  
Aguassanta
 
The jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia has land leased from entities controlled by Group Aguassanta (“Aguassanta”),a group of entities under common control, being Mr. Rubens Ometto de Silveira de Mello the ultimate controlling shareholder. The lease costs are paid considering the ATR price published by CONSECANA and contracts having terms expiring between 2026 and 2027.

 
(vi)  
Radar

The jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia has leased land from Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A. (“Radar”), an associate. These rental costs are paid considering the price published by the ATR CONSECANA and most contracts have terms that expire in 2027.


 
b)
Officers and directors compensation
 
The fixed and variable compensation of key people, including directors and board members are recorded, as follows:
 
 
32

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

      2012(*)       2011  
Regular compensation
    23,009       7,894  
Stock option expense
    10,800       2,961  
Bonuses and other variable compensation
    32,563       23,791  
Total compensation recorded as expense
    66,372       34,646  

(*)Including the compensation of the key people of the jointly-controlled entities / JVs
 
 
At Cosan S.A.´s shareholder’ meeting held on July 29, 2011, a new stock compensation plan was approved, which until March 31, 2012 had granted 9,825,000 options (Note 28).

10.
Business combinations and acquisitions of non-controlling shareholders

a.  
Sugar Retail Business
 
The Company contributed its retail sugar business to Raizen Energia upon JV formation. On July 1, 2011, the Company re-acquired this business in exchange for R$145,860 in cash consideration, and R$22,568 in contingent consideration. The net assets of the retail sugar business approximate their carrying value prior to the formation of the JV.

b.  
Logispot Armazéns Gerais S.A. (‘Logispot”)
 
On March 14, 2011, Cosan, through its indirect subsidiary Rumo Logística S.A., purchased 874,226 common shares of Logispot, totaling R$ 48,888 cash which increased its participation in the common shares of Logispot from 14.28% to 51.00%, With this acquisition, Rumo acquired the control of Logispot.

Logispot is located in the city of Sumaré and is an important link between plants in the state of São Paulo and Santos Port. The terminal is accessed by all railroads that cross the state of São Paulo and is beside the Anhanguera, Bandeirantes and Dom Pedro highways. The site has a static capacity of 400,000 tons, a structure to receive and send both through roads, as well as by rail, but the potential to carry a composition of 120 railcars of 90 tons per day (unaudited information).

The fair value at the acquisition date of the consideration transferred totaled R$ 68,880, which consisted of the following:

Cash
    48,888  
Fair value of 14.28% of Cosan in Logispot immediately before the Business combination
    19,992  
Total
    68,880  

The estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition of Logispot were as follows:
 
 
33

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

Description
     
Trade accounts receivable
    1,297  
Others assets
    677  
Property, plant and equipment
    114,184  
Loans and financing
    (13,391 )
Deferred income and social contribution taxes
    (28,879 )
Others liabilities
    (13,551 )
Non-controlling interest (1)
    (30,120 )
Net assets acquired
    30,217  
Consideration transferred, net of cash acquired
    67,745  
Goodwill
    37,528  

The purchase price allocation was completed by the Management, and based on the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and goodwill of the operation was allocated the segment Rumo.

The Company obtained an independent evaluation of its fixed assets, intangible assets and interests of noncontrolling shareholders. The allocation of the initial purchase price was adjusted primarily as a result of improvements in the Company's assumptions related to fixed assets and intangible. As a result of these changes, the goodwill, as described above, was modified as follows:

goodwill preliminary
   
2,370
 
Adjustments on the fair value of the P,P&E
   
104,454
 
Deferred income  tax
   
(35,515)
 
Interests of non-controlling shareholders
   
(33,781)
 
Goodwill
   
37,528
 

c.  
Cosan Araraquara Açúcar e Álcool Ltda. (“Usina Zanin”)

On February 18, 2011, the jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia (formerly known as Cosan AA) acquired 100% of the share capital of Usina Zanin for a total amount of $ 90,000.

The provisional allocation of the purchase price on March 31, 2011 appointed a goodwill of R$69,402. As the evaluation report of assets and liabilities performed by independent research company, issued in May 2012, the final goodwill determined in the acquisition totaled R $ 98,000 due to revision of gains from certain assets, property and equipment and the cancellation of the project greenfield (Usina da Prata).

The estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at date of acquisition of Usina Zanin, was as follows:

Description
     
Inventories
    3,813  
Biological assets
    83,890  
Property, plant and equipment
    223,893  
Intangible assets
    10  
Loans and Long-term debt
    (278,511 )
Provision for judicial demands
    (23,008 )
Deferred income and social contribution taxes
    29,921  
Others liabilities
    (49,081 )
Net assets acquired
    (9,073 )
Consideration transferred, net of cash acquired
    88,927  
Goodwill
    98,000  
 
 
34

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

The purchase price allocation was concluded by the Management, and based on the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities assumed. Zanin was subsequently contributed to Raizen Energia upon the formation of JV.

The Company obtained an independent evaluation of its fixed assets, intangible assets and interests of minority shareholders. The allocation of the initial purchase price was adjusted primarily as a result of improvements in the Company's assumptions relating to fixed and intangible assets. As a result of these changes, the goodwill, as described above, was modified as follows:


Preliminary goodwill
    69,402  
Fair value adjustments of fixed assets and biological assets
    36,805  
Other fair value adjustments
    6,524  
Deferred income tax
    (14,731 )
Goodwill
    98,000  


The Usina Zanin was contributed to Raízen Energia in the formation of JV and the business combination is registered in that jointly controlled.

d.  
Additional information (unaudited)

If the entity acquired during 2012 had been included in the income statement since the beginning of the year the impacts on the revenue would be irrelevant
 
 
35

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

11.
Equity method investments
 
a) 
Parent company

 
                     
Investments
   
Equity income of associates
 
 
Subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities
 
Number of shares of the invested
   
Number of shares / shares the investor
   
Percentage of interest
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Administração de Participações Aguassanta S.A.
    4       3       91.50 %     158,685       138,193       8,026       7,475  
Copsapar Participações S.A.
    190,797,424       171,717,680       90.00 %     540,044       498,102       52,684       57,430  
Cosan Cayman Limited
    -       -       -       -       376,311       (18,159 )     (398 )
Cosan Cayman Finance Limited
    1       1       100.00 %     735,147       651,480       121,425       (690 )
Cosan Cayman II Limited
    451       232       51.44 %     1,081       -       86,896       -  
Cosan Distribuidora de Combustíveis S.A.
    -       -       -       -       -       2,247,978       -  
Cosan Finance Limited
    1       1       100.00 %     -       17,489       -       (4,171 )
Cosan International Universal Corporation
    2       2       100.00 %     -       1,304       -       761  
Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades S.A.
    431,480       431,474       100.00 %     1,103,810       1,933,302       76,202       114,240  
Handson Participações S.A
    85,860,500       85,860,500       100.00 %     150,108       -       64,247       -  
Novo Rumo Logística S.A.
    278,336,920       198,120,217       28.82 %     242,670       223,006       24,494       25,836  
Proud Participações S.A.
    53,236,531       53,236,528       100.00 %     210,683       53,236       8,600       -  
Raízen Combustíveis S.A.
    3,009,400,941       1,504,700,471       50.00 %     4,666,904       -       141,653       -  
Raízen Energia Participações S.A.
    1,068,073,826       534,036,913       50.00 %     3,522,684       -       59,266       -  
Raízen Energia S.A.
    -       -       -       -       2,946,111       235,058       203,197  
Raízen S.A. Bioenergia
    -       -       -       -       152,929       -       13,873  
Raízen Tarumã S.A.
    -       -       -       -       959,665       -       77,091  
TEAS - Terminal Exportador de Álcool de Santos S.A.
    -       -       -       -       40,088       -       967  
Others
    -       -       -       24,271       8,872       14,345       8,872  
Associated
                                                       
Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A.
    21,148,989       4,001,167       18.92 %     283,259       260,757       22,514       28,658  
Other investments
    -       -       -       20,943       29,343       9,617       (32,719 )
                              11,660,289       8,290,188       3,154,846       500,422  
Changes in participation in direct and indirect subsidiaries
 
 
Changes on Investments:
March 31, 2011
    8,290,188  
Equity
    3,154,846  
Addition to  investments
    43,147  
Addition from JVs formation
    463,296  
Dividends declared and interest on capital in subsidiary and jointly controlled entity (*)
    (281,195 )
Others
    (9,993 )
March 31, 2012
    11,660,289  
(*) There was a payment of R$64,845 million in this period.
 
 
36

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

b)
Consolidated

                     
Investments
   
Equity
 
   
Number of shares of the invested
   
Number of shares / shares the investor
   
Percentage of interest
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                                           
Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A.
    21,148,989       4,001,167       18.92 %     283,259       260,756       22,514       28,658  
Codexis Inc
    35,965,000       5,573,000       15.50 %     49,866       -       (1,086 )     -  
Logum Logística S.A. ("Logum")
    430,556,443       86,111,288       20.00 %     25,731       18,300       (4,796 )     -  
Other Investments
                            60,173       25,086       16,636       (3,471 )
                              419,029       304,142       33,268       25,187  


Changes on Investments
     
March 31, 2010
    260,814  
Equity
    25,187  
Addition to  investments
    37,929  
Change to subsidiary
    (20,015 )
Other
    227  
March 31, 2011
    304,142  
         
Equity
    33,268  
Income from the formation of JV
    38,114  
Addition to  investments
    42,328  
Other
    1,177  
March 31, 2012
    419,029  

 
March 31, 2012                        
   
Asset
   
Liabilities
   
Equity
   
Result
 
Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A.
    1,685,618       188,392       1,497,226       162,544  
Codexis
    247,663       60,552       187,111       (2,138 )
Logum
    741,782       484,471       257,311       (28,670 )

March 31, 2011                        
   
Asset
   
Liabilities
   
Equity
   
Result
 
Radar Propriedades Agrícolas S.A.
    1,804,609       426,355       1,378,254       151,421  
Logum
    101,982       8,343       93,639       (4,829 )
 
 
37

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

12.
Biological assets

Changes in biological assets (sugarcane plants) are described below:

Balances at March 31, 2010
    371,102       963,244  
Change in fair value
    145,428       381,894  
Increase due to planting and growing costs
    253,535       745,572  
Harvested cane transferred to inventory
    237,925       (616,693 )
Increase resulting from business combination
    -       87,115  
March 31, 2011
    1,007,990       1,561,132  
Asset contribution from subsidiaries
    532.140       -  
Change in the fair value
    (523.140 )     -  
Changes in fair value less estimated cost to sell
            60,093  
Increase due to planting and growing costs
            551,974  
Harvested cane transferred to inventory (a)
            (401,592 )
Proportional consolidation impact due to the formation of JVs (50%) (b)
            (803,584 )
March 31, 2012
    -       968,023  

(a)  
R$19,047 of this amount was allocated in sugar and ethanol inventory as of march, 31 2012.
(b)  
The Company has reflected this rollforward activity as “net” adjustment. This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the biological assets of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the fair value of the biological assets of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.


Sugarcane plants

Areas cultivated represent only sugarcane, without considering the land where these crops are found. The following assumptions were used to determine fair value using the discounted cash flow:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Crop area (hectares) (1)
    382,798       340,386  
Expect productivity (tons of cane per hectare)
    78.20       84.74  
Total amount of recoverable sugar – ATR (kg)
    137.27       138.54  
Price kg ATR projected average (R$/kg)
    0.4881       0.4228  

(1)  
The balances of biological assets are consolidated proportionally by 50% in the Company.

Sugar production depends on the volume and sucrose content of sugarcane grown or supplied by farmers located near the plants. The yield of the crop and the sucrose content in sugarcane mainly depend on weather conditions such as rainfall rate and temperature, which may vary and fluctuate.

Historically, weather conditions have caused volatility in ethanol and sugar production, and consequently in our operating results because it cause damage to the annual harvest. Future climate conditions may reduce the amount of sugar and sugarcane that the Company will obtain in a particular season or in the sucrose content of sugarcane. Additionally, the Company’s business is subject to seasonality according to the growth cycle of sugarcane in the south-central region of Brazil. The period of annual harvest of sugarcane in South-Central region of Brazil begins in April / May and ends in November / December. This creates variations in stock, usually high in November to cover sales between crop (i.e. from December to April) and a degree of seasonality in gross profit from sales of
 
 
38

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
ethanol and sugar significantly lower in the last quarter of fiscal year. The seasonality and any reduction in the volume of sugar recovered could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
 
 
39

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

13.
Property, plant and equipment



   
Parent Company
 
Costs:
 
March 31, 2011
   
Additions
   
Write-offs
   
Transfers
   
Capital Addition on subsidiaries
   
March 31, 2012
 
Land and Rural Properties
    240,330       -       -       -       (239,104 )     1,226  
Buildings and Improvements
    181,081       -       -       898       (172,902 )     9,077  
Machinery, Equipment and Facilities
    653,655       2       -       16,397       (665,349 )     4,705  
Airplanes
    13,395       -       -       -       -       13,395  
Vessels and Vehicles
    110,966       -       (206 )     -       (110,760 )     -  
Furniture and Fixtures and Computer Equipment
    40,008       15       -       2,478       (39,764 )     2,737  
Construction in progress
    200,830       5,520       -       (19,856 )     (180,992 )     5,502  
Other
    234,356       -       -       -       (234,356 )     -  
Total
    1,674,621       5,537       (206 )     (83 )     (1,643,227 )     36,642  
                                                 
Depreciation:
                                               
Land and Rural Properties
    (36,000 )     (328 )     -       -       35,697       (631 )
Buildings and Improvements
    (315,771 )     (285 )     -       -       315,142       (914 )
Machinery, Equipment and Facilities
    (13,395 )     -       -       -       -       (13,395 )
Airplanes
    (46,639 )     (7 )     159       -       46,487       -  
Vessels and Vehicles
    (19,235 )     (49 )     -       -       19,136       (148 )
Other
    (66,283 )     -       -       -       66,283       -  
Total
    (497,323 )     (669 )     159       -       482,745       (15,088 )
                                                 
      1,177,298       4,868       (47 )     (83 )     (1,160,481 )     21,554  
 
 
40

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

   
Consolidated
 
Costs:
 
March 31, 2011
   
Additions
   
Write-offs
   
Transfers
   
De-consolidation and JVs formation, net (a)
   
Business Combination
   
March 31, 2012
 
Land and Rural Properties
    1,263,240       -       (40,011 )     15,965       384,561       (53,266 )     1,570,489  
Buildings and Improvements
    1,122,256       4,764       (24,559 )     89,661       (153,107 )     30,899       1,069,914  
Machinery, Equipment and Facilities
    4,980,432       49,056       (30,209 )     330,325       (69,256 )     14,197       5,274,545  
Airplanes
    30,903       4,839       (4,691 )     -       -       -       31,051  
Wagons and locomotives
    341,647       -       -       50,000       -       -       391,647  
Vessels and Vehicles
    323,042       3,046       (6,758 )     10,312       (26,703 )     167       303,106  
Furniture and Fixtures and Computer Equipment
    137,206       520       (21,012 )     16,114       (8,869 )     1,308       125,267  
Construction in progress
    1,367,712       980,855       (6,022 )     (782,761 )     (888,103 )     3,319       675,000  
Repair and maintenance in machine and equipment
    1,043,342       362,511       (747,891 )     -       (394,513 )     -       263,449  
Others
    4,782       13,077       (17,715 )     796       156,568       -       157,508  
Total
    10,614,562       1,418,668       (898,868 )     (269,588 )     (999,422 )     (3,376 )     9,861,976  
                                                         
Depreciation:
                                                       
Buildings and Improvements
    (287,620 )     (43,716 )     11,539       -       59,344       (2,457 )     (262,910 )
Machinery, Equipment and Facilities
    (1,472,512 )     (288,990 )     19,506       14,968       346,824       (8,508 )     (1,388,712 )
Airplanes
    (15,195 )     (1,839 )     860       -       -       -       (16,174 )
Wagons and locomotives
    (6,128 )     (12,269 )     -       -       -       -       (18,397 )
Vessels and Vehicles
    (150,146 )     (24,667 )     4,750       -       47,416       (114 )     (122,761 )
Furniture and Fixtures and Computer Equipment
    (87,460 )     (11,297 )     18,750       -       (559 )     (736 )     (81,302 )
Repair and maintenance in machine and equipment
    (611,859 )     (303,082 )     747,891       -       167,050       -       -  
Others
    (3,118 )     (6,942 )     9,297       -       (103,994 )     -       (104,757 )
Total
    (2,634,038 )     (692,802 )     812,593       14,968       516,081       (11,815 )     (1,995,013 )
                                                         
      7,980,524       725,866       (86,275 )     (254,620 )     (483,341 )     (15,191 )     7,866,963  

(a)  
The Company has reflected this rollforward activity as “net” adjustment. This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the P,P&E of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the P,P&E of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.
 
 
41

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

Capitalization of borrowing costs

During the year ended March 31, 2012, borrowing costs capitalized amounted to R$ 71,661 (R$ 70,543 during the year ended March 31, 2011). The weighted average interest rate, used for capitalization of interest on the balance of construction in progress, was 8.60% per year at 2012 (9.13% per year during the year ended March 31, 2011).
 
 
42

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

14.
Intangible assets
 
 
   
Parent Company
 
Costs
 
March 31, 2011
   
Additions
   
Write-off
   
Transfers
   
Capital Increase in Subsidiaries
   
March 31, 2012
 
Software
    50,182       -       -       83       (50,182 )     83  
Trademarks
    -       -       -       -       85,354       85,354  
Goodwill
    332,239       -       (193,633 )     -       (138,606 )     -  
Others
    17,603                       -       (17,603 )     -  
Total
    400,024       -       (193,633 )     83       (121,037 )     85,437  
                                                 
Amortization
                                               
Software
    (32,809 )     (2 )     -       -       32,809       (2 )
Trademarks
            (1,768 )                             (1,768 )
Others
    (744 )     (643 )                     1,387       -  
Total
    (33,553 )     (2,413 )     -       -       34,196       (1,770 )
                                                 
      366,471       (2,413 )     (193,633 )     83       (86,841 )     83,667  
 

   
Consolidated
 
Costs
 
March 31, 2011
   
Additions
   
Write-off
   
Transfers
   
De-consolidated and JV’s formation,
net (a)
   
Business Combination
   
March 31, 2012
 
Software license
    98,063       849       (20 )     14,954       (6,992 )     116       106,970  
Trademarks
    429,671       -       (11,286 )     -       190,026       -       608,411  
Goodwill
    2,253,320       -       (193,633 )     -       836,601       35,967       2,932,255  
Customer base
    583,420       23,437       -       8,857       269,666       -       885,380  
Leases
    155,505       -       (232 )     -       (75,354 )     -       79,919  
Distribution rights (g)
    170,291       129,340       -       9,381       142,359       -       451,371  
Improvement made in public concessions
    -       -       -       236,396       -       -       236,396  
Others
    43,263       12,249       (8,649 )     -       75,208       -       122,071  
Total
    3,733,533       165,875       (213,820 )     269,588       1,431,514       36,083       5,422,773  
                                                         
Amortization
                                                       
Software license
    (66,111 )     (8,508 )     20       -       (10,357 )     (99 )     (85,055 )
Trademarks
    (98,710 )     (44,579 )     -       -       32,858       -       (110,431 )
Customer base
    (41,038 )     (46,904 )     -       -       21,796       -       (66,146 )
Leases
    (15,118 )     (3,792 )     232       -       6,026       -       (12,652 )
Distribution rights (g)
    (62,387 )     (36,627 )     -       -       (34,641 )     -       (133,655 )
Improvement made in public concessions
    -       -       -       (14,968 )     -       -       (14,968 )
Others
    (4,495 )     (13,945 )     (222 )     -       (48,949 )     -       (67,611 )
Total
    (287,859 )     (154,355 )     30       (14,968 )     (33,267 )     (99 )     (490,518 )
                                                         
      3,445,674       11,520       (213,790 )     254,620       1,398,247       35,984       4,932,255  
 
 
43

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

(a)  
The Company has reflected this rollforward activity as “net” adjustment. This net adjustment would actually represent the de-consolidation of 100% of the intangibles assets of subsidiaries de-recognized, and the addition of 50% of the intangibles assets of the JV’s then proportionally consolidated.

Intangible asset (except goodwill)
 
Annual Amortization rate %
   
2012
   
2011
 
                   
Software
  20.00 %     21,915       31,952  
Trademarks Fuel Distributors (a)
  20.00 %     260,313       68,696  
Trademark Mobil (b)
  10.00 %     154,082       176,911  
Trademark União (c)
  2.00 %     83,585       85,354  
Customer base (d)
  3.00 %     535,405       247,907  
Operation license and customer base (e)
  4.00 %     283,829       294,475  
Favorable operating leases (f)
  6.00 %     67,267       140,387  
Distribution rights (g)
 
Straight line over contract term
      317,716       107,904  
Improvement in public concessions (h)
          221,439       -  
Others
          54,460       38,768  
Total
          2,000,000       1,192,354  

(a)  
Refers to the right to use the trademark of fuel distribution through its joint venture Raízen Combustíveis.
(b)  
Refers to the right to use the trademark of Mobil lubricants.
(c)  
Refers to the right to use the trademark sugar União arising from business combination.
(d)  
Refers to the relationship between Raízen Combustíveis and the gas station that maintain its flags and customer base acquired through business combination.
(e)  
Refers to the customer base of Teacu acquired in its business combination
(f)  
Refers to favorable lease contracts arising from the acquisition of Curupay
(g)  
Intangible assets related to contracts with customers exclusively supply products to brand loyalty.
(h)  
Refers to the improvements made on railroads operated by ALL (America Latina Logistica) in connection with a transportation agreement with Rumo.

Impairment testing of goodwill


For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to the operating segments of the Company, at which goodwill is monitored for purposes of internal administration, not above the Company's operating segments. Goodwill acquired through business combinations and those arising from the formation of the Joint Venture were allocated to four cash-generating units, which are also operating segments that provide information, as shown below:

   
Consolidated
 
Carrying amount of goodwill
 
2012
   
2011
 
             
Cash-generating unit Raízen Energia
    1,405,407       1,433,982  
Cash-generating unit Raízen Combustíveis
    855,907       184,415  
Cash-generating unit Rumo
    98,972       63,814  
Cash-generating unit Cosan - Other Business
    571,969       571,109  
Total Goodwill
    2,932,255       2,253,320  

As defined in the accounting policy described in note 2.3, the Company tests annually the recoverable amount of goodwill.
 
 
44

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
Nonfinancial long term assets, not subject to amortization, are reviewed whenever there are indications that the carrying value is not recoverable.

The Company uses the value in use method to determine the recoverable amount of the asset.  The value in use method is based on the projection of the expected cash flows of cash-generating units. In connection with the application of the value in use method, the key assumptions are sales prices of all commodities, operating costs, capital investment and discount rates.

Management determines its cash flows based on its annual budgets taking into account for each cash generating unit: (i) Raízen Energia: the expected long-term sales price of commodities, productivity of agricultural areas, the performance of total recoverable sugar (“ATR”), and related costs; (ii) Raízen Combustíveis: the expected growth in operations based on gross domestic product and other macroeconomic aspects; (iii) Rumo: expectations of the Brazilian sugar production destined designated mainly for export; (iv) Cosan other businesses, mainly in the expected growth in operations based on gross domestic product and other macroeconomic aspects, as well as expected sales price of commodities. All these cash flows are discounted at rates that reflect specific risks relating to assets relevant to each cash generating unit.

Management has not identified any impairments for its cash generating units. The determination of the recoverable amount depends on certain key assumptions as described above which are influenced by market conditions, technological and economic forces present at the time that the impairment test is undertaken and thus management cannot determine if impairment losses will occur in the future.
 
 
45

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


15.
Loans and Long Term Debts

 
Financial Charges(1)
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
       
Description (1)
Index
 
Average annual interest rate (2)
      03.31.2012       03.31.2011       03.31.2012       03.31.2011    
Maturity date
 
Senior Notes Due 2014
Dólar (US)
    9.5 %     -       -       322,654       576,814    
jul/14
 
Senior Notes Due 2017
Dólar (US)
    7.0 %     -       -       368,601       658,954    
feb/17
 
BNDES
URTJLP
    2.54 %     -       -       683,586       1,308,034    
oct/25
 
 
Pre-fixed
    4.5 %     -       -       185,568       242,508    
jul/20
 
 
UMBND
    6.59 %     -       -       18,365       38,947    
jul/19
 
 
Dólar (US)
    6.94 %     -       -       11       -    
nov/12
 
Bank Credit Notes
CDCA
 
0.55%+CDI
      -       -       -       31,378    
dec/11
 
ACC
Dólar (US)
    1.73 %     -       65,215       138,369       228,229    
aug/12
 
Perpetual Notes
Dólar (US)
    8.25 %     -       741,553       930,094       1,236,209       -  
Resolution 2471 (PESA)
IGP-M
    3.95 %     -       110,361       316,108       674,392    
apr/23
 
 
Pre-fixed
    3.0 %     -       114       53       114    
oct/25
 
Rural Credits
Pre-fixed
    6.75 %     -       31,168       20,460       92,352    
oct/12
 
Bank Debit
Dólar (US) + Libor
    2.42 %     -       -       410,002       -    
apr/13
 
 
IGP-M
    11 %     -       -       88       -    
dec/12
 
 
Pre-fixed
    13.78 %     -       -       5,332       -    
mar/15
 
Pre Payments
Dólar (US) + Libor
    4.27 %     -       244,493       507,454       736,472    
feb/16
 
Credit Notes
110% CDI
    -       341,227       303,028       341,226       303,719    
feb/14
 
 
Dólar (US)
    2.35 %     -       167,196       52,891       314,105    
feb/13
 
 
Pre-fixed
    6.25 %     -       -       -       10,142    
oct/12
 
Finame
Pre-fixed
    4.83 %     -       -       397,515       517,842    
jul/20
 
 
URTJLP
    2.21 %     -       -       337,091       187,336    
mar/21
 
 
UMBND
    8.44 %     -       -       16       -    
oct/12
 
Others
Divers
 
Various
      -       -       -       62,294    
Various
 
Expenses with issuance of shares
            (3.494 )     (1,366 )     (21,407 )     (28,546 )        
                337,733       1,661,762       5,014,077       7,191,295          
Current
              -       (110,526     (537,135     (916,400        
Non-Current
              337,733       1,551,236       4,476,942       6,274,895          

(1)  
All loans and long-term debt are guaranteed by promissory notes and endorsements of the Company and its jointly-controlled subsidiaries and controlling shareholders, besides other guarantees, such as: i) Credit rights originated from energy contracts (BNDES); ii) CTN and land mortgages; and iii) underlying assets being financed (Finame).
(2)  
Financial charges on March 31, 2012;
 
 
46

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Long-term debt has the following scheduled maturities:

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
13 to 24 months
    337,733       223,578       1,046,326       745,454  
25 to 36 months
    -       363,953       702,633       762,649  
37 to 48 months
    -       60,926       1,249,602       1,010,797  
49 to 60 months
    -       60,992       545,982       777,963  
61 to 72 months
    -       8       179,137       878,092  
73 to 84 months
    -       8       300,921       222,289  
85 to 96 months
    -       19,443       220,893       453,711  
Thereafter
    -       822,328       231,448       1,423,940  
      337,733       1,551,236       4,476,942       6,274,895  


PESA - Resolution 2471- Special Agricultural Financing Program (Programa Especial de Saneamento de Ativos), or PESA

From 1998 to 2000, the Company and current the jointly-controlled Raízen Energia renegotiated their debts related to financing for agricultural costs with several financial institutions, reducing it to annual interest rates below 10%, ensuring the repayment of debt’s principal with assignment and transfer of Treasury Certificates, redeemable at the debt clearing, using the incentives promoted by Central Bank resolution No. 2471 of February 26, 1998. That debt is self-cleared by CTN, as mentioned in explanatory note 5.

Senior Notes Maturating on 2014

On August 4, 2009, the indirect subsidiary CCL Finance Limited issued Senior Notes in the international market in accordance with “Regulation S” and “Rule 144A” in the amount of US$350 million, which are subject to interest of 9.5% per year, payable semiannually in February and August each year, beginning in February 2010.

Senior Notes Maturating on 2017

On January 26, 2007, the wholly-owned indirect controlled Cosan Finance Limited issued Senior Notes in the international market in accordance with the “Regulation S” and “Rule 144A” in the amount of US$ 400 million, which are subject to interest at 7% per annum, payable semiannually in February and August of each year.

BNDES

Refers to the financing of cogeneration projects, greenfields (sugar and ethanol mills) and expansion of the logistics segment.
 
 
47

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Perpetual Notes

On January 24 and February 10, 2006, Cosan S.A. issued perpetual notes which are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange - EURO MTF. These notes bear interest at a rate of 8.25% per year, payable quarterly on May 15, August 15, November 15 and February 15 of each year, beginning May 15, 2006. Those notes were repaid in May 2011 in connection with the internal restructuring to form the
On November 5, 2010 and July 13, 2011 the subsidiary Cosan Overseas Limited issued $500,000 of perpetual notes in the foreign market, in accordance with “Regulation S”. These notes bear interest at a rate of 8.25% per year, payable quarterly

Bank Debt

On May 16, 2011, a bank debt of US$ 450 million was issued in favor of the jointly-controlled subsidiary Raízen Energia in order to replace (and repay) the perpetual notes issued in 2006. This bank debt matures in two years, its interest is payable quarterly and is subject to Libor + interest of 2.15% per annum.

Advances on Foreign Exchange Contracts (“ACC”), Pre payments and Credit Notes

ACC contracts, pre payments and credit notes have been signed with several financial institutions and will be cleared through exports made from 2011 to 2014. These transactions are subject to interest rates ranging from 1.0% to 6.25% per annum payable semiannually and on maturity.

Finame

Finame borrowings are financing related to financing of machinery and equipment. These loans are subject to interest payable monthly and are secured by underlying financed assets.

Covenants

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities are subject to certain restrictive financial covenants set forth in existing loans and financing agreements. At March 31, 2012, Cosan, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities were in compliance with its debt covenants.
 
 
48

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

16.
Tax Payable

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
ICMS – State VAT
    -       7,268       66,601       72,265  
IPI
    -       843       4,631       30,661  
INSS
    47       5,828       13,029       25,309  
PIS
    219       -       5,003       7,229  
COFINS
    1,010       -       21,294       33,721  
Recovery program - Refis IV
    731,414       100,768       1,287,941       670,645  
Income Tax
    -       -       11,973       20,928  
Others
    370       7,768       33,871       23,597  
      733,060       122,475       1,444,343       884,355  
Current
    (62,597     (33,758     (241,719     (245,284
Non – current
    670,463       88,717       1,202,624       639,071  
 
Tax recovery program – Law 11.941/09 e Provisional Measure 470/09 (“Refis IV”)

On May 27, 2009 and October 13, 2009, Law 11.941 and MP 470 were approved by the Brazilian government creating a tax recovery program, permitting the taxpayer to settle its federal tax debts, previous recovery programs, and other federal taxes under court discussions with discounts on previously charged penalties and interest and in installments. Such discounts generated a gain recorded in the income statement.

Additionally, it was permitted for the taxpayer to offset a portion of the penalties and interest due with its balance of income tax loss carry forwards. MP470 also allowed taxpayers to use tax losses to offset the principal balance related to IPI taxes.

On July 29, 2011 the subsidiary Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialides S.A., successor entity of Esso Brasileira de Petróleio Ltda. (“Essobrás”), joined the tax recovery program upon request of ExxonMobil Brasil Holdings B.V. (“ExxonMobil”). Further information was disclosed in Note 6.

Maturities of long-term taxes payable are as follows:

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
13 to 24 months
    56,018       11,080       99,083       67,848  
25 to 36 months
    55,650       7,335       97,707       61,205  
37 to 48 months
    55,611       7,199       97,254       60,396  
49 to 60 months
    55,611       6,870       96,909       60,008  
61 to 72 months
    54,972       6,489       96,270       52,243  
73 to 84 months
    53,931       6,489       95,229       46,707  
85 to 96 months
    53,931       6,489       95,229       45,799  
Thereafter
    284,739       36,766       524,943       244,865  
      670,463       88,717       1,202,624       639,071  
 
 
49

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 


17.
Income taxes and social contribution
 
Cosan is incorporated in Bermuda which has no income taxes. The following relates to Brazilian income taxes of Cosan S.A., its subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities.

 
a)  
Reconciliation of income and social contribution tax expenses:

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Pretax Income
    2,394,841       914,358       3,755,002       1,191,070  
Income tax and social contribution at nominal rate (34%)
    (814,246 )     (310,882 )     (1,276,701 )     (404,964 )
Adjustments to determine the effective rate:
                               
Equity pick up
    1,072,648       170,143       11,311       8,593  
Non deductable donations
    (194 )     (5,513 )     (3,817 )     (9,130 )
Interest on capital
    (17,000 )     -       -       -  
Non-taxable income(loss) from overseas companies
    -       -       103,781       -  
Non-taxable income(loss)
    -       -       48,708       -  
Others
    (30,215 )     3,457       6,506       (8,978 )
Income Tax and Social contribution Expense( current and deferred)
    210,993       (142,795 )     (1,110,212 )     (414,479 )
Effective Rate
    8.81 %     15.62 %     29.57 %     34.80 %
                                 

b)
Deferred income tax on assets and liabilities

   
Parent Company
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Basis
   
IRPJ 25%
   
CSLL 9%
   
Total
   
Total
 
Tax Losses:
                             
Tax Losses
    377,664       94,416       -       94,416       110,195  
Negative basis of social contribution
    377,767       -       33,999       33,999       39,679  
Temporary Differences:
                                       
Monetary exchange
    (99,662 )     (24,916 )     (8,970 )     (33,886 )     (233,102 )
Amortized Goodwill
    (50,661 )     (12,665 )     (4,559 )     (17,224 )     (35,194 )
Effect of the formation  of JVs
    (3,100,229 )     (775,057 )     (279,021 )     (1,054,078 )     -  
Other effects
    (293,334 )     (73,333 )     (26,400 )     (99,733 )     (128,929 )
                                         
Total Deferred taxes
            (791,555 )     (284,951 )     (1,076,506 )     (247,351 )
 
 
50

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Basis
   
IRPJ 25%
   
CSLL 9%
   
Total
   
Total
 
Tax Losses:
                             
Tax Losses
    2,205,303       551,326       -       551,326       273,555  
Negative basis of social contribution
    2,198,476       -       197,863       197,863       99,609  
Temporary Differences:
                                       
Monetary exchange
    (109,962 )     (27,490 )     (9,897 )     (37,387 )     (274,189 )
Accelerated depreciation
    (55,192 )     (13,798 )             (13,798 )     (4,596 )
Amortized goodwill
    (678,008 )     (169,502 )     (61,021 )     (230,523 )     (252,323 )
Business combination
    (1,585,714 )     (396,428 )     (142,714 )     (539,142 )     (626,913 )
Effect of the formation  of JVs
    (3,501,590 )     (875,398 )     (315,143 )     (1,190,541 )     -  
Fair value allocated on Raízen Assets
    (2,618,000 )     (654,500 )     (235,620 )     (890,120 )     -  
Cost attributed - land
    (366,151 )     (91,538 )     (32,953 )     (124,491 )     (124,491 )
Provisions for contingencies and other temporary differences
    1,107,081       276,770       99,637       376,407       113,716  
                                         
Total of deferred taxes
            (1,400,558 )     (499,848 )     (1,900,406 )     (795,632 )
                                         
Deferred Income Tax - Asset
                            543,024       116,986  
Deferred Income Tax – Liabilities
                            (2,443,430 )     (912,618 )
                              (1,900,406 )     (795,632 )
 
In assessing the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. There is no expiration term for the net operating loss carry forwards. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes it is more likely than not that Cosan S.A. will realize the benefits of these deductible differences at March  31, 2012, as well as the net operating loss carry forwards. The amount of the deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carry forward period are reduced. Income tax losses carry forward and social contribution tax losses may be offset against a maximum of 30% of annual taxable income earned, with no statutory limitation period.
 
 
18.
Provision for judicial demands

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Tax
    148,097       39,774       620,835       418,744  
Civil
    38,650       10,485       168,952       82,599  
Labor
    169,512       27,883       261,890       164,939  
      356,259       78,142       1,051,677       666,282  

 
 
51

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Judicial deposits on March 31, 2012  and 2011 are presented as follows:
 
 
 
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
 
    2.012       2.011       2.012       2.011  
Tax
    171,052       11,521       411,619       167,547  
Civil
    8,201       3.243       32,474       18,937  
Labor
    27,380       2,810       65,142       31,887  
 
    206,633       17,574       509,235       218,371  

Changes in provision for judicial demands:

   
Parent Company
 
   
Tax
   
Civil
   
Labor
   
Total
 
                         
March 31, 2011
    39,774       10,485       27,883       78,142  
Provisions
    46,188       7,981       51,575       105,744  
Settlements
    (2,069 )     (2,672 )     (6,016 )     (10,756 )
Write-offs
    (15,548 )     (3,137 )     (22,530 )     (41,216 )
Additions from the formation of JVs
    70,071       24,109       108,069       202,249  
Monetary variation
    9,681       1,884       10,531       22,096  
March 31, 2012
    148,097       38,650       169,512       356,259  


   
Consolidated
 
   
Tax
   
Civil
   
Labor
   
Total
 
                         
March 31, 2011
    418,744       82,599       164,939       666,282  
Provisions
    79,510       67,685       73,379       220,574  
Settlements
    (3,566 )     (23,444 )     (8,873 )     (35,883 )
Write-offs
    (22,836 )     (65,774 )     (7,927 )     (96,537 )
Additions from the formation of JVs
    118,824       91,020       22,768       232,612  
Monetary variation
    30,159       16,866       17,604       64,629  
March 31, 2012
    620,835       168,952       261,890       1,051,677  

 
 
52

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Judicial demands deemed as probable loss

(a)  
Tax

The major tax legal proceeding as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 are described as follows:

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
Description
 
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
IPC – 89 (i)
    -       -       82,173       80,273  
Compensation with Finsocial (ii)
    -       -       195,421       183,706  
CIDE (iii)
    -       -       93,841       -  
ICMS credits (iv)
    71,343       7,205       97,552       56,880  
PIS and COFINS
    8,277       2,718       17,445       8,220  
IPI
    9,159       6,537       15,970       20,759  
IRPJ and CSLL
    1,012       824       2,110       2,093  
Other
    58,306       22,490       116,323       66,813  
      148,097       39,774       620,835       418,744  
 
(i)  
Since 1993, the subsidiary Cosan Lubrificantes e Especialidades (“Cosan CLE”) filed a suit to challenge the balance sheet restatement index (IPC) established by the federal government in 1989, considering the such index did not reflect the actual inflation back then. The use of this index led the Company to supposedly overstate and overpay the income and social contribution taxes. Cosan CLE obtained a favorable preliminary court ruling that allowed it to recalculate the financial position, using indexes that accurately measured the inflation over the period. In doing so the company adjusted the amounts of income and social contribution taxes payable and identified that overpayments for both taxes were offset in subsequent years until 1997. Despite the favorable court rulings, tax authorities issued a notice of infringement to the Company challenging all tax offsets performed in 1993 and some offsets in 1994 and 1997, which led the Company to record a provision in relation to those court rulings. No judicial deposits related to these processes.

(ii)  
During the period from October 2003 to November 2006 the subsidiary Cosan CL compensated FINSOCIAL with several other federal taxes, based on a final court decision in Set/2003 in the context of an action that was discussed the constitutionality of the FINSOCIAL. No judicial deposits related to these processes.

(iii)  
Prior to the formation of the JV, Raízen Combustíveis, former Shell Brasil Ltda, recorded CIDE on services provided by operations. This contingency will be reimbursed by Shell if any payment is required, an equivalent amount is recorded as related parties. There are judicial deposits related to these processes, amounting R$170,835.

(iv)  
The provision for ICMS credits is comprised of: (a) tax assessment received, in which, despite the defense filed at the administrative and judicial levels, the legal counsel of the Company understand it is more likely than not that a loss will occur, (b) recovery of credits and financial charges on issues in which Company´s management has a differing view from the tax authorities. There are judicial deposits related to these processes, amounting R$8,392.


(b)  
Civil and Labor claims

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities are parties to a number of civil claims related to (i) indemnity for physical and moral damages; (ii) public civil claims related to sugarcane stubble burning; and (iii) environmental matters.

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities are also parties to a number of labor claims filed by former employees and service providers challenging, among other factors, the payment of additional hours, night shift premium and risk premium, employment inclusion, reimbursement of discounts from payroll, such as social contribution, trade union charges, among others.
 
 
53

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Judicial demands deemed as possible loss

(a)  
Tax claims

The main tax claims for which the unfavorable outcome is deemed possible and, therefore, no provision for legal claims was recorded in the financial statement, are as follows:

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Withholding income taxes assessment(i)
    204,249       192,903       204,249       194,498  
ICMS – State VAT (ii)
    698,672       116,865       1,705,220       490,896  
IPI – Federal VAT (iii)
    280,680       10,944       378,735       270,817  
 Compensation with IPI – IN 67/98 (iv)
    188,479       -       188,479       181,292  
INSS - social security and other (v)
    63,372       58,606       83,875       72,616  
PIS and COFINS (vi)
    216,684       20,425       529,257       163,129  
IR/CSLL (vii)
    423,529       -       532,131       -  
Others
    159,233       59,991       493,471       197,884  
      2,234,898       459,734       4,115,417       1,571,132  

 
(i)
Tax assessment – withholding income tax

In September 2006 the Federal Revenue Service served another notice of infringement on the Company, this time for failure to withhold and pay income tax at source on capital gains derived from the acquisition of a subsidiary.

 
(ii)  
ICMS

Refers mainly to (i) Tax Assessment filed in view of the alleged lack of payment of ICMS and non-compliance with accessory obligation, in connection with the partnership and manufacturing upon demand, with Central Paulista Açúcar e Álcool Ltda., between May to December 2006 and May to December 2007; and (ii) ICMS levied on the remittances of crystallized sugar for export purposes. In accordance with the tax agent, such product is classified as semi-finished product and that, in accordance with the ICMS regulation, would be subject to taxation, (iii) ICMS levied on possible differences in terms of sugar and alcohol inventories, arising from magnetic tax files and Inventory Registry Books and (iv) ICMS concerning rate difference due to ethanol sales to companies located in other states, which, subsequently, had their registrations revoked and (v) disallowance of credit resulting from the acquisition of diesel used in the production process.

 
(iii)
 IPI – Federal VAT

SRF Normative Instruction n° 67/98 approved the procedure adopted by the industrial establishments which performed remittances without registries and payment of the IPI rate, in regard to transfers of sugarcane carried out between July 6, 1995 and November 16, 1997 and refined sugar between January 14, 1992 and November 16, 1997. Such rule was considered in proceedings filed by the Federal Revenue Secretariat against the Company, the unfavorable outcome of which is deemed as possible, in accordance with the opinion of the Company’s legal advisors.

 
(iv)
 Offsets against IPI credits – IN 67/98

SRF Normative Instruction No. 67/98 made it possible to obtain refund of IPI tax payments for sales of refined sugar from January 14, 1992 through November 16, 1997. In view of this rule, the Company applied for offsetting amounts paid during the relevant periods against other tax liabilities. However, the Federal Revenue Service denied its application for both reimbursement and offsetting of such amounts. The Company challenged this ruling in an administrative proceeding.

Upon being notified to pay tax debts resulting from offset transactions in light of certain changes introduced by IN SRF No. 210/02, the Company filed a writ of mandamus and applied for a preliminary injunction seeking to stay enforceability of offset taxes, in an attempt to prevent the tax authorities from demanding the relevant tax debts in court. The preliminary injunction was granted by court.
 
 
54

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

 
(v)
INSS

Refers mainly to tax assessment received and defended by the legal counsel, concerning social security contribution on: (i) stock option plan and (ii) export sales and (iii) resale of materials for companies under common control and suppliers.

 
(vi)
PIS and COFINS

Refers, mainly, to the reversal of PIS and COFINS credits, provided by Laws 10.637/2002 and 10.833/2003, respectively. Those reversals arise from a differing interpretation of the laws by the Internal Revenue Service in regard to raw materials. Such discussions are still at the administrative level.

 
(vii)
 IR/CSLL – Assessment Notice

In December 2011, the Company received notices of violation in the amount of R$ 400,318, drawn up by the Federal Revenue of Brazil charging of income tax and social calendar years 2006 to 2009, questioning: (i) deductibility of expenses for amortization of certain goodwill (ii) compensation for tax losses and negative social contribution calculation and (iii) tax on revaluation differences of the property included in fixed assets. The Company filed its defense in January 2012 and, together with its legal advisors, classified as remote loss amounted to R$ 207,078 as a possible loss and the amount of R$ 204,221. The remaining R$ 327,710 refers to various other claims in connection with income taxes and social contribution in several legal entities pertaining the subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities.

(b)  
Civil and labor

The main civil and labor claims for which the unfavorable outcome is deemed possible are as follow:
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Civil
    309,234       59,036       869,954       377,608  
Labor
    407,533       60,770       1,200,573       302,289  
      716,767       119,806       2,070,527       679,897  

19.
Commitments

Sales

The jointly-controlled entity “Raízen Energia” is mainly engaged in the commodities market and sales are substantially performed at the price on the date of sale. However, Raizen Energia has several agreements in the sugar market, which undertake to sell volumes of those products in future harvests.

The commitments for the sale of sugar, in tons, March 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (unaudited):

Fiscal Year
    2012 (*)
2012
    2,518,640  
2013 
    1,714,101  
Total
    4,232,741  
(*) Represents 100% of the commitments of Raízen Energia.(Raizen Energia is 50% proportionally consolidated).

Purchases

Raízen Energia has several commitments for the purchase of sugarcane from third parties in order to secure part of its production in subsequent years. The amount of sugarcane to be acquired has been calculated based on an estimate of the quantity to be ground by area. The amount to be paid by the jointly-controlled is determined at the end of each harvest, according to prices published by CONSECANA.
 
 
55

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Purchase commitments by harvest, in thousands of tons on March 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (unaudited):

Fiscal Year
    2012 (*)
2013 
    24,747  
2014 
    22,096  
2015 
    19,624  
After 2015
    129,601  
Total
    196,068  
(*) Represent 100% of the commitments of Raízen Energia. (Raizen Energia is 50% proportionally consolidated).

At March 31, 2012 and 2011, the regular capacity of sugarcane crushing for the next harvest, considering all units, is approximately 63 million tons (unaudited).

The jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia has contracts to purchase industrial equipment intended for maintenance and expansion of the mills, as well as to meet the demand of the electric energy co-generation project, in the total amount of R$80,076 on March 31, 2012.

The Company through its subsidiary Rumo entered into a commitment to purchase railcars, locomotives and invest in rail track improvements aimed at the expansion of the logistics business, as follows:

Fiscal Year
 
2012
 
2012 
    489,794  
2013 
    44,000  
2014 
    2,000  
Total
    535,794  

Lease Agreements

Operating Leases

The Company, subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities have operating lease contracts on land used for planting sugarcane and the concession contract to operate the port terminal, which will end within 20 years.

The minimum payments related to these obligations are calculated on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The costs for these contracts during the year ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 consisted of the following:

      2012 (*)
Minimum Installment
    214,949  
Variable Installment
    280,930  
Total
    495,879  

(*) Represent 100% of the commitments of Raízen Energia. (Raizen Energia is 50% proportionally consolidated).
 
 
56

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases (with initial or remaining lease terms in excess of one year) as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 are:

   
Raízen Energia(*)
   
Rumo
 
Within 1 year
    553,815       37,303  
Over 1 year,  less than 5 years
    1,673,249       241,741  
More than 5 years
    1,676,005       -  
                 
Total
    3,903,069       279,044  

(*) Represents 100% of the commitments of Raízen Energia.(Raizen Energia is 50% proportionally consolidated).

20.
Equity

a)
Common Stock

The authorized common stock may be increased up to the limit of R$5,000,000, with no need of an amendment to the Company´s Bylaws, upon a decision of the Board of Directors. As of March 31, 2012, the Company’s capital is represented by 407,214,353 common shares.

As of March 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company’s capital is represented by 407,214,353 common shares, with no par value.

b)  
Realizable Profits Reserve:

Realizable Profits Reserve will be the allocation of net income for what is contained therein: (i) incorporated with revenue arising from equity investment of the Joint Venture in subsidiary and / or other non-recurring event, (ii) performed by the amortization of fair value of net assets of the Joint Venture, limited by the existence of balance in retained earnings.

Calculation of the realized portion of net income
     
Net income
    2,605,834  
Equity income of associates
    (3,154,846 )
Realized portion loss of the year
    (549,012 )
         
Constitution of reserve for unrealized profits
       
Net income
    2,605,834  
Legal reserve – 5% (art. 193)
    (130,292 )
Reserve for unrealized profits
    2,475,542  

(*) Contained in equity income of subsidiary
 
 
57

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

c)  
Dividends

By the meeting of May 22, 2012, the Board of Directors approved a proposal to be submitted to the General Shareholder’s Meeting to pay dividends  accounted in Retained Earnings in the amount of R$ 250,000.

d)  
Repurchase of shares

On November 22, 2010, the Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase plan for the purpose of maintenance in treasury, cancellation or disposal. The plan mentions that the Company may repurchase maximum of 6,640,091 of common shares, with no par value, in a specific period of 365 days. On November 03, 2011, repurchase of shares program was extended on 365 days.

During the exercise ended March 31, 2012, the Company acquired 1,972,500 shares for R$48,258 including expenses. The average unit stock value acquired during the period was R$ 24.46 being the minimum and maximum value R$ 23.02 and R$ 25.57, respectively, per share.

On March 31, 2012, the Company has 2,907,039 treasury shares (934,539 treasury shares as of March 31, 2011), which market value, that date, was R$ 32.86 (R$25.40 as of March 31, 2011).

e)  
Earnings per share

Earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share are calculated by adjusting average outstanding shares for the impact of conversion of all potentially dilutive options

The table below reflects the income and share date used in the basic and diluted earnings per share calculation for the six-month periods ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 (in thousands of Reais, except values per share):
 

Basic:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Numerator:
           
Net Income for Cosan
    2,605,834       771,565  
Denominator:
               
Weighted average shares outstanding
    405,205,015       406,430,612  
Denominator for basic earnings per share
    405,205,015       406,430,612  
Basic earnings per share
  R$ 6.43     R$ 1.90  

Diluted:

   
2012
   
2011
 
Numerator:
           
Net income for Cosan
    2,605,834       771,565  
Denominator:
               
Weighted average shares outstanding
    405,205,015       406,430,612  
Potential increase of common stock
    6,083,425       294,718  
Denominator for diluted earnings per share
    411,288,440       406,725,330  
Diluted earnings per share
  R$ 6.34     R$ 1.90  
 
 
58

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

21.
Result of the formation of the Joint Ventures (Raízen Energia e Raízen Combustíveis)

As mentioned in note 1, on June 1, 2011, the Company concluded, together with Shell, the formation of two joint ventures: (1) Raízen Combustíveis, in the fuel distribution segment, and (ii) Raízen Energia, in the sugar and ethanol segment. The Company through its subsidiary Cosan S.A.and Shell share the control of the two entities, each one has 50% of the economic control.
 
The formation of Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis has the objective to create one of the world’s largest producers of sugar, ethanol and bioenergy produced from sugarcane and one of the largest fuel distributors in the Brazilian market.

Due to the formation of Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis, the Company contributed its sugar and ethanol businesses, deconsolidating the related assets and liabilities and recording the remaining interest at fair value.

The process of deconsolidating do the contributed business, on June 1st, 2011, and the recognition of the new interest at fair value produced a gain of R$3,196,632 recorded during the year and shown below:

Fair value of the remaining interest in the joint ventures (a)
    8,105,546  
Book value of business (assets and liabilities) contributed
    (4,257,640 )
Gain on the de-consolidation of assets and liabilities contributed to the formation of the JV.
    3,847,906  
Other effects:
       
Write-off of Recoverable taxes not realizable (b)
    (83,465 )
Write-off of goodwill related to contributed subsidiaries
    (193,633 )
Write-off of other comprehensive income in relation to
       
    Hedge accounting, regarding contributed business’
    (157,988 )
Provisions in accordance with the JVs formation contract
    (78,995 )
Other expenses and write-offs from the formation of Joint Ventures
    (137,193 )
Income from formation of joint ventures
    3,196,632  

(a) 
Based on appraisal report prepared by independent appraisers.
(b) 
Recoverable taxes recorded by Cosan S.A., considered not realizable, and if received will be reimbursed to Raízen Energia.
(c) 
Includes costs related to the transactions and other amounts related to the operation
 
 
59

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Considering that Cosan chose to consolidate proportionally the joint ventures, the fair value of the remaining interest was allocated to the 50% proportion of the fair value of the assets and liabilities of these entities with the purpose to determine the goodwill of the transaction, as show below:
 
   
Raízen
Energia
   
Raízen
Combustíveis
   
Total
 
Fair value of assets and liabilities (a):
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
    358,457       273,359       631,816  
Restricted cash
    61,655       -       61,655  
Account Receivable
    385,651       1,026,274       1,411,925  
Derivatives
    114,204       -       114,204  
Inventories
    746,561       831,258       1,577,819  
Receivable from Shell
    1,853,269       -       1,853,269  
Other assets
    1,691,561       1,527,766       3,219,327  
Investments
    120,764       -       120,764  
Biological Assets
    1,607,170       -       1,607,170  
Property, plant and equipment
    9,313,801       2,719,498       12,033,299  
Intangible Assets
    253,152       1,826,224       2,079,376  
Loan and financing
    (5,579,218 )     (926,268 )     (6,505,486 )
Suppliers
    (471,495 )     (557,912 )     (1,029,407 )
Taxes payable
    (255,939 )     35,550       (220,389 )
Other Liabilities
    (2,918,758 )     (2,296,137 )     (5,214,895 )
Non-controlling interests
    (16,457 )     (35,527 )     (51,984 )
Net assets at fair value (a):
    7,264,378       4,424,085       11,688,463  
Cosan’s interest - 50%
    3,632,190       2,212,042       5,844,232  
Goodwill allocated (a)
    1,405,407       855,907       2,261,314  
Fair value of the remaining interest in joint ventures
    5,037,597       3,067,949       8,105,546  


The goodwill of the transaction (R$2,261,314) was allocated to the segments Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis in the proportion of net assets at fair value of each of these investments.

If it had been completed on 1 April 2011, and affected the income statement since the beginning of the exercise, the annual revenue would have been R$ 26,394,754 and the net income would have been R$ 2,264,333

The assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of the jointly controlled in March 31, 2012, which were consolidated proportionately in the financial statements are presented in note 29.

The contingent liabilities of capital commitments of jointly controlled are disclosed in Notes 18 and 19.
 
 
60

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

22.
Gross Sales
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Gross revenue from sales of products and services
    1,341       2,248,382       25,917,922       19,783,250  
Indirect taxes and deductions
    (45 )     (144,304 )     (1,821,041 )     (1,719,770 )
Net revenue
    1,296       2,104,078       24,096,881       18,063,480  

23.
Expenses by nature

Reconciliation of expenses by nature

The expenses are presented in the consolidated results by function. The reconciliation of income by nature/purpose for the years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is detailed as follows:

a)  
Expenses by nature:

   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Raw-material
    (628 )     (1,236,418 )     (4,612,407 )     (3,657,462 )
Resale fuels
    -       -       (15,060,815 )     (10,084,103 )
Payroll
    (49,582 )     (263,081 )     (568,061 )     (901,062 )
Commercial expenses
    (1,365 )     (24,089 )     (535,439 )     (179,283 )
Transportation and loading
    -       -       (401,339 )     (545,212 )
Depreciation and amortization
    (1,897 )     (79,190 )     (1,142,780 )     (742,307 )
Other expenses
    (48,498 )     (319,248 )     (922,348 )     (607,652 )
      (101,970 )     (1,922,026 )     (23,243,189 )     (16,717,081 )

b) 
Segregated as:
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Cost of goods sold
    (2,410 )     (1,499,465 )     (21,465,009 )     (15,150,079 )
Selling
    -       (159,075 )     (1,136,286 )     (1,026,000 )
General and administrative
    (99,560 )     (263,486 )     (641,894 )     (541,002 )
      (101,970 )     (1,922,026 )     (23,243,189 )     (16,717,081 )
 
 
61

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

24.
Financial results, net
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Financial Expense
                       
Interests
    (311,776 )     (283,169 )     (542,322 )     (586,887 )
Monetary Variation
    -       (10,765 )     (10,961 )     (81,341 )
Others
    (19,344 )     (655 )     (28,952 )     (4,678 )
      (331,120 )     (294,589 )     (582,235 )     (672,906 )
Financial Income
                               
Interests
    26,218       39,524       48,562       63,791  
Monetary Variation
    9,453       3,609       26,312       34,018  
Investments
    35,212       10,217       131,117       90,345  
Others
            114       371       603  
      70,883       53,464       206,362       188,757  
                                 
Foreign exchange variation, net (1)
    (337,079 )     235,467       (93,887 )     282,705  
                                 
Derivatives, net  (2)
                               
Commodities derivatives
            277,734       18,472       6,524  
Exchange rate and interest derivatives
    79       (5,497 )     (711 )     34,984  
Warranties in associates
    (22,141 )     13,248       (22,141 )     13,248  
      (22,062 )     285,485       (4,380 )     54,756  
      (619,378 )     279,827       (474,140 )     (146,688 )

(1)  
Includes gains (losses) of foreign exchange rate over assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency; and

(2)  
Includes realized results and unrealized results on operations in future market, options, swaps and NDFs, in addition to effects from non-designated instruments and from the ineffective portion of hedge accounting.

 
25.
Other Income (expense), net
 
   
Parent Company
   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Other income
                       
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    (48 )     1,038       93,892       43,708  
Revenue from the sale of scrap and waste
    -       2,310       2,862       6,950  
Rental and leasing income
    800       2,745       57,197       4,111  
Reversal of loss of receivables
    25,794       -       28,804       -  
Revenue from royalties
    -       -       19,739       -  
Revenue from customer base
    -       -       14,827       -  
Other Income
    2,899       -       44,071       8,908  
      29,445       6,093       261,392       63,677  
Other expense
                               
Provision for judicial demands
    (70,661 )     (1,079 )     (80,835 )     (23,828 )
Internal costs on Rumo transaction
    -       (18,758 )     (1,971 )     (20,319 )
Donations
    -       (9,105 )     -       (12,335 )
Expenses of subsidiaries acquisition and start up
    -       (6,517 )     (9,497 )     (6,517 )
Other  expense
    (21,398 )     (18,577 )     (23,539 )     (34,506 )
      (92,059 )     (54,036 )     (115,842 )     (97,505 )
      (62,614 )     (47,943 )     145,550       (33,828 )
 
 
62

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

26.
Financial Instruments

Financial risk management

a)  
Overview

The Company is exposed to the following risk related to the use of financial instruments:

 
·  
Price risk
 
·  
Foreign exchange rates
 
·  
Interest rates
 
·  
Credit risk
 
·  
Liquidity risk

This note presents information about the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities exposure for which risk above, the object of the Company’s risk management policies, the polices and processes for measurement, risk management and capital management.

 
b)  
Risk management structure

The risks of each type of business markets are managed and monitored by the company and, where applicable, has risk committees to discuss and determine the hedge strategy of the company in accordance with its policies and guidelines.
 
There is, in Raízen Energia, a Risk Committee that meets weekly to analyze the behavior of commodity markets (mainly sugar), exchange rate and decide about coverage position and sugar pricing strategy to export, seeking to reduce the adverse effects of changes in prices and exchange rates, as well as monitor the liquidity risk and counterparty risk (credit).

The Company, its subsidiaries and its jointly-controlled entities are exposed to market risks, mainly related to the volatility of sugar prices and foreign exchange rates. Management analyzes these risks and uses financial instruments to hedge a portion of the risk exposure.

On March 31, 2012 and 2011, fair values related to transactions involving derivative financial instruments with the purpose of hedge or other purposes were measured at market value (fair value) by observables factors such as quoted prices in active markets or discounted cash flows based on market curves and are presented below:
 
 
63

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

   
Notional
   
Fair Value
       
   
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
   
Result (*)
 
RAÍZEN ENERGIA
                             
Price risk
                             
Commodity derivatives
                             
Future agreements
    1,194,225             24,377       -       24,377  
 Option agreements
    8,954             782       -       38  
                    25,159       -       24,415  
Price risk
                                     
Commodity derivatives
                                     
 Future agreements
    490,949             1,682       -       1,431  
Option agreements
    258,690             1,773       -       1,773  
 Price risk
    256,381             3,403       -       3,403  
                    6,858       -       6,607  
                                       
 Interest rate risk
                                     
 Derivative interest
    318,868       -       (1,495 )     -       (1,495 )
                      (1,495 )     -       (1,495 )
                                         
 TOTAL Raízen Energia
                    30,522       -       29,527  
 Consolidated Cosan (50% Raízen Energia)
                    15,261       -       14,764  
                                         
Derivatives in the Company and subsidiaries
                                       
                                         
Price risk
                                       
Commodity derivatives
                                       
 Future agreements
    -       1,308,033       -       (68,906 )     -  
Option agreements
    -       10,364       -       (17,484 )     -  
                      -       (86,390 )     -  
Price risk
                                       
Commodity derivatives
                                       
Future agreements
    -       (114,204 )     -       (117 )     -  
Option agreements
    325,029       694,599       (5,282 )     9,900       (5,282 )
                      (5,282 )     9,783       (5,282 )
                                         
 Total Cosan  (including 50% Raízen Energia – where applicable)
                    9,979       (76,607 )     9,482  
 Total of Assets
                    19,590       55,682          
 Total of Liabilities
                    (9,611 )     (132,289 )        

(*) Values from the income statement calculated for the year ended March 31, 2012, only to outstanding derivatives that date.
 
c)  
Price Risk

This arises from the potential for fluctuations in the market prices of products sold by the Raizen Energia, mainly raw material sugar - VHP (sugar #11) and white sugar (LIFFE sugar #5). These fluctuations in prices can cause substantial changes in the revenues.  To mitigate these risks, the Raizen Energia constantly monitors the markets, seeking to anticipate changes in prices. The positions of the consolidated derivative financial instruments to hedge the price risk of commodities are shown in the table below:
 
 
64

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

Price Risk : derivatives of commodities  open in  March 31, 2012
 
Derivatives
 
Purchased / Sold
 
Market
 
Contract
 
Maturity
 
Notional (units)
   
Notional
(R$ thousand)
   
Fair Value
(R$ thousand)
 
Contracted financial Instruments by Raízen Energia
 
                                   
Composition of balances of derivative financial instruments designated in hedge accounting
 
                                   
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-May-12
 
 129,241 T
   
132,392
   
4,106
 
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-12
 
 440,050 T
   
434,844
   
13,778
 
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Oct--12
 
 551,358 T
   
534,580
   
5,901
 
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Mar-13
 
 110,851 T
   
109,453
   
223
 
Future
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-13
 
 204 T
   
191
   
(5
Sub-total of future sugar sold
 
 1,231,704 T
   
1,211,460
   
24,003
 
                                   
Composition of balances of derivative financial instruments non-designated in hedge accounting
 
                                   
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1- May-12
 
 (25,808 T
 
(25,589
 
28
 
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Jul-12
 
 (10,160 T
 
(9,562
 
160
 
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Oct-12
 
 (2,693 T
 
(2,462
 
120
 
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-May-13
 
 (1,422 T
 
(1,338
 
64
 
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-May-13
 
 (254 T
 
(240
 
8
 
Future
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-13
 
 (203 T
 
(187
 
8
 
Sub-total of future sugar purchased
 
 (40,540 T
 
(39,378
 
388
 
Sub-total of future sugar
 
 1,191,164 T
   
1,172,082
   
24,391
 
Call
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-May-12
 
 (5,080 T
 
(57
 
14
 
Call
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-12
 
 (111,766 T
 
(2,760
 
269
 
Sub-total of call purchased
 
 (116,846 T
 
(2,817
)  
283
 
Call
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-May-12
 
 27,687 T
   
2,751
   
(11
Call
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
 1-Jul-12
 
 76,204 T
   
4,500
   
(184
Call
 
Sold
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-Jul-12
 
 35,562 T
   
1,820
   
(86
Sub-total of call sold
 
 139,453 T
   
9,071
   
(281
Put
 
Purchased
 
NYBOT
 
Sugar#11
 
1-May-12
 
 27,687 T
   
2,699
   
779
 
Sub-total of put purchased
 
 27,687 T
   
2,699
   
779
 
Sub-total of options of sugar
       
8,953
   
781
 
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
ETH
 
30-Mar -12
 
 16,560 m³
   
20,430
   
8
 
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
ETH
 
30-Apr-12
 
 18,210 m³
   
22,642
   
(18
Sub-total of future ethanol sold
 
 34,770 m³
   
43,072
   
(10
Future
 
Purchased
 
BMFBovespa
 
ETH
 
30-Mar-12  
 (5,910 m³
 
(7,473
 
(3
Future
 
Purchased
 
BMFBovespa
  ETH
 
30-Mar -12  
 (10,650 m³
 
(13,456
 
 -
 
Sub-total of future ethanol purchased
 
 (16,560 m³
 
(20,929
 
(3
Sub-total of future ethanol
 
 18,210 m³
   
22,143
   
(13
Total of  commodities
       
1,203,178
   
25,159
 

The fair value of these derivatives was measured by observable factors, such as quoted prices in active markets and, in some cases, by means of models whose assumptions are observable in the market.
 
 
65

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

d)  
Foreign Exchange risk


This arises from the possibility of fluctuations in the exchange rates of the foreign currencies used by its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities for the export revenues of products, imports, debt cash flow and other assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency.  Its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities use derivative transactions to manage the risks of cash flow coming from the export revenues denominated in U.S. dollars, net of other cash flows denominated in foreign currency. The table below demonstrates the consolidated positions outstanding on March 31, 2012 of derivatives used to hedge exchange rates:


Price Risk : derivatives of foreign currencies open in March 31, 2012
 
Derivatives
 
Purchased / Sold
 
Market
 
Contract
 
Maturity
 
Notional (USD)
   
Notional
(R$ Thousand)
   
Fair Value
(R$ Thousand)
 
Financial instruments contracted by Raizen Energia
 
                                   
                                   
Composition of balances of derivative financial instruments designated in hedge accounting
 
                                   
Term
 
Sold
 
OTC/Cetip
 
NDF
 
  02-Apr-12
 
141,000
   
258,690
   
1,773
 
Sub-total of term sold
     
141,000
   
258,690
   
1,773
 
                                   
Composition of balances of derivative financial instruments non-designated in hedge accounting
 
                                   
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-Apr-12
 
898,000
   
1,563,367
   
6,954
 
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-May-12
 
330,500
   
608,037
   
1,614
 
Future
 
Sold
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-May-12
 
3,250
   
5,967
   
(3
Sub-total of  future sold
     
1,231,750
   
2,177,371
   
8,565
 
Future
 
Purchased
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-Apr-12
 
(922,000
 
(1,685,044
 
(6,882
Future
 
Purchased
 
BMFBovespa
 
Commercial Dollar
 
 02-May-12
 
(750
 
(1,378
 
(1
Sub-total of  future purchased
     
(922,750
 
(1,686,422
 
(6,883
                                   
                                   
Exchange lock  
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
 02-Jul-12
 
20,000
   
38,254
   
1,121
 
Exchange lock  
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
02-Jul-12
 
30,000
   
58,104
   
2,575
 
Exchange lock
 
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
06-Sep-12
 
20,000
   
36,044
   
(1,445
Exchange lock  
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
 13-Sep-12
 
40,250
   
74,881
   
(768
Exchange lock  
Sold
 
OTC
 
Exchange lock
 
 24-Sep-12
 
25,000
   
49,098
   
1,920
 
                   
135,250
   
256,381
   
3,403
 
Total of exchange
         
585,250
   
1,006,020
   
6,858
 
 
 
66

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

 
Derivatives
  Purchased / Sold    
Market
   
Contract
   
Maturity
 
Number of Contracts
   
Strike
   
Middle Price
   
Fair Price
   
Notional (USD)
   
Notional
(R$ mil)
   
Fair Value
(R$ thousand)
 
                                                           
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-May-12
  1     -       1.8944       1.8417       (6,188 )     11,722       348  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-May-12
  1     -       1.6789       1.8417       (4,197 )     7,047       (660 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
3-Aug-12
  1     -       1.9358       1.8771       (4,197 )     7,239       (597 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
3-Aug-12
  1     -       1.7247       1.8771       (6,188 )     11,978       389  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
1-Nov-12
  1     -       1.9780       1.9166       (4,197 )     7,390       (563 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
1-Nov-12
  1     -       1.7607       1.9166       (6,188 )     12,239       455  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-13
  1     -       2.0209       1.9508       (4,197 )     7,546       (524 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-13
  1     -       1.7978       1.9508       (6,188 )     12,504       525  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
3-May-13
  1     -       2.0589       1.9737       (4,197 )     7,696       (472 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
3-May-13
  1     -       1.8336       1.9737       (6,188 )     12,739       597  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
2-Aug-13
  1     -       2.1005       2.0103       (4,197 )     7,859       (430 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
2-Aug-13
  1     -       1.8724       2.0103       (6,188 )     12,997       653  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-13
  1     -       2.1424       2.0480       (4,197 )     8,032       (386 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-13
  1     -       1.9137       2.0480       (6,188 )     13,256       699  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-14
  1     -       2.1852       2.0850       (4,197 )     8,190       (358 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-14
  1     -       1.9513       2.0850       (6,188 )     13,521       747  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
2-May-14
  1     -       2.2211       2.1210       (4,197 )     8,340       (329 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
2-May-14
  1     -       1.9870       2.1210       (6,188 )     13,743       770  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Aug-14
  1     -       2.2630       2.1610       (4,197 )     8,507       (288 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Aug-14
  1     -       2.0268       2.1610       (6,188 )     14,002       820  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-14
  1     -       2.3048       2.2002       (4,197 )     8,666       (250 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-14
  1     -       2.0648       2.2002       (6,188 )     14,261       876  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-15
  1     -       2.3429       2.2394       (4,197 )     8,813       (221 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Feb-15
  1     -       2.0997       2.2394       (6,188 )     14,497       915  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-May-15
  1     -       2.3800       2.2564       (4,197 )     8,942       (201 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-May-15
  1     -       2.1305       2.2564       (6,188 )     14,726       957  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Aug-15
  1     -       2.4247       2.2564       (4,197 )     9,089       (169 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Aug-15
  1     -       2.1656       2.2564       (6,188 )     15,003       1,032  
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-15
  1     -       2.4653       2.2564       (4,197 )     9,231       (140 )
Term
 
Purchased
 
OTC
 
NDF
 
4-Nov-15
  1     -       2.1994       2.2564       (6,188 )     15,254       1,087  
                                                  (155,775     325,029         5,282    
 

On March 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company, its subsidiaries and its jointly-controlled entities had the following net exposure to the variation of U.S. dollar assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars:

   
Consolidated
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
     R$      
US$ (in thousands)
     R$      
US$ (in thousands)
 
Cash and Cash equivalent
    24,426         13,406       191,098         117,332  
Restrict Cash
    45,976         25,232       126,872         77,898  
Accounts receivable from abroad
    164,681         90,380       7,556         4,639  
Related Parties (Shell)
    436,362         239,483       -         -  
Debts
    (2,730,076 )       (1,498,314 )     (3,750,783 )       (2,302,927 )
Net foreign currency Exchange
    (2,058,631 )       (1,129,813 )     (3,425,257 )       (2,103,058 )
 
 
67

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

e)  
Effect of Hedge Accounting

The jointly-controlled entity Raízen Energia formally designated its transactions subject to hedge accounting for cash flow hedges from sugar VHP (raw material) export revenue, documenting: (i) the relationship of the hedge, (ii) the purpose for taking the hedge and its risk management strategy, (iii) identification of the financial instrument, (iv) the transaction or item covered, (v) the nature of the risk being hedged, (vi) a description of the hedging relationship (vii) the demonstration of correlation between the hedge and the object of coverage, and (viii) the prospective analysis of hedge effectiveness. The derivative financial instruments of Sugar # 11 (NYBOT or OTC) were designated to cover the risk of price and Non-Deliverable Forwards (NDF) to cover exchange rate risk, as demonstrated in topics (b) and (c) of this Note.

Raizen Energia records gains and losses deemed effective for purposes of hedge accounting to a specific account in equity (“other comprehensive income”), until the object of coverage (hedged item) affects the profit and loss. On December 31, 2012, the amounts recorded in other comprehensive income related to hedge accounting are as follows:

             
Expected period to affect P&L
 
Derivative
 
Market
 
Risk
      2012/2013       2013/2014    
Total
 
                                 
Future
 
OTC / NYBOT
  #11       40,543       564       41,107  
NDF
 
OTC / CETIP
 
USD
      1,663       -       1,663  
                42,206       564       42,770  
                                   
(-) Deferred income tax
              (14,350 )     (192 )     (14,542 )
                           
Effect on the Raizen Equity
      27,856       372       28,228  
                           
Effect on equity of Cosan (50%)
                      14,114  

The changes for the period of the effect of hedge accounting on other comprehensive income of Cosan S.A. is shown below:

Hedge Cash flow
 
2012
 
       
Balance at March 31, 2011
    (143,298 )
Gain/(losses) of cash flow hedges for the period:
       
   Commodities futures and swap contracts
    5,414  
   Currency forward contracts
    38,286  
Reclassification adjustments for losses / gains included in the income statement
    36,815  
Write off of OCI due to the formation of JV
    157,988  
Total before tax effect
    238,503  
Tax effect on gain/(losses) of cash flow hedges for the period – 34%
    (81,091 )
Balance at March 31, 2012
    14,114  


f)  
Exchange rate risk

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities monitors the fluctuations in variable interest rates in connection with certain debts, especially those related to the risk of Libor, and makes
 
 
68

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

use of derivative instruments in order to minimize these risks. The table below shown the consolidated positions open on March 31, 2012 of derivatives used for  interest rate (none in 2011):
 
Price Risk : derivatives of interests open in  March 31, 2012
Derivatives
 
Asset / Liabilities
 
Market
 
Maturity
 
Notional
 
Notional
 
Fail Value
               
(US$ Thousands)
 
(R$ Thousand)
 
(R$ Thousand)
Interests rate Swap
 
Libor 3M / pré
 
OTC
 
Jan-16
 
175,000
 
318,868  
 
(1,495)
Total of interests
     
  175,000
 
318,868  
 
(1,495)

g)  
Credit risk

A significant portion of sales made by the subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities is to a select group of best-in-class counterparts (i.e. trading companies, fuel distribution companies and large supermarket chains).

Credit risk is managed through specific rules of client acceptance including credit ratings and limits for customer exposure, including the requirement of a letter of credit from major banks and obtaining actual warranties on given credit, when applicable. Management believes that the risk of credit is covered by the allowance for doubtful accounts.

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities buy and sell commodity derivatives in futures and options markets on the New York Board of Trade (NYBOT) and the London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange (LIFFE), as well as in the over-the-counter (OTC) market with selected counterparties. The Company and its jointly-controlled entities buy and sell foreign exchange derivatives on BM&FBovespa and OTC contracts registered with CETIP (OTC clearing house) with banks Espirito Santo Investment do Brasil S.A., Deutsche Bank S.A. – Banco Alemão, Banco JP Morgan S.A. and Banco Standard de Investimentos S.A..

Guarantee margins – The Company’s derivative operations on commodity exchanges (NYBOT, LIFFE and BM&FBovespa) require an initial guarantee margin. The brokers with which the Company operates on these commodity exchanges offer credit limits for these margins. As of March 31, 2011, the total credit limit used as initial margin required by the NYBOT was R$62,247 (R$136,420 as of March 31, 2011). As a requirement to trade in BM&FBovespa, the Company posted on March 31, 2012, the amount of R$76,436 (R$50,000 as of March 31, 2011) as guarantee in the form of a settlement bond issued by a first-class banking institution.

h)  
Liquidity risk
 
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities will encounter difficulties in meeting the obligations associated with its derivative financial liabilities that are settled with cash payments or other financial assets. The approach of the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities liquidity management is to ensure, as much as possible, which always has sufficient liquidity to meet its obligations to win, under normal and stress, without causing unacceptable losses or risk damaging the reputation of the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities.
 
 
69

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

i)  
Fair value
 
The fair value of financial assets and liabilities is included in the price at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between parties willing to negotiate, and not in a forced sale or liquidation. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value.

Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other short-term obligations approximate their respective carrying values ​​due largely to short-term maturity of these instruments.

The fair value of marketable securities and bonds is based on price quotations on the date of the financial statements. The fair value of non-negotiable instruments, bank loans and other debts, obligations under finance leases, as well as other non-current financial liabilities are estimated by the discounted future cash flows using rates currently available for debt or deadlines and similar instruments.

The fair market value of Senior Notes due 2014 and 2017, described in note 16, at its market price are 115.5% and 106% respectively, of its face value at March 31, 2012.

The fair market value of Perpetual bonds, described in note 16, at its market price is 105.2%, respectively, of its face value at March 31, 2012.
 
In respect of other loans and financing, their fair market values ​​substantially approximate the amounts recorded in the financial statements due to the fact that these financial instruments are subject to variable interest rates.

The fair value of financial assets available for sale is obtained through quoted market prices in active markets, if any.

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities enter into derivative financial instruments with various counterparties, primarily financial institutions with credit ratings of investment grade. The derivatives valued using valuation techniques with observable market data relate mainly to interest rate swaps, foreign exchange contracts and term contracts for commodities futures. The valuation techniques applied more often include pricing models for fixed-term contracts and swaps, with a present value calculation. The models incorporate various data, including credit quality of counterparties, the rates of currency spot and forward, interest rate curves and forward rate curves of the commodity underlying.

Fair value hierarchy

The Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities have the following hierarchy to determine and disclose the fair value of financial instruments by the technical evaluation:

 
·  
Level 1: quoted prices in a active market to identical assets and liabilities;

 
·  
Level 2: other techniques for which all data that have significant effect on the fair value recorded are observable, directly or indirectly;
 
 
·  
Level 3: techniques that use data that have significant effect on the fair value recorded that are not based on observable market data.
 
 
70

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Total
 
                   
March 31, 2012
                 
Warrants Radar
    -       140,820       140,820  
Derivative financial assets
    17,002       2,588       19,590  
Derivative financial liabilities
    (8,864 )     (748 )     (9,611 )
Total
    8,139       142,660       150,799  
                         
March 31, 2011
                       
Warrants Radar,
    -       162,961       162,961  
Derivative financial assets
    35,577       20,105       55,682  
Derivative financial liabilities
    (122,084 )     (10,205 )     (132,289 )
Total
    (86,507 )     172,861       86,354  

j)  
Sensitivity analysis
 
Following is the sensitivity analysis of the fair value of financial instruments, in accordance with the types of risks deemed to be significant by the Company and its joint-controlled entities:

Assumptions for sensitivity analysis
 
For the analysis, the Company, its subsidiaries and jointly-controlled entities adopted three scenarios, being one probable and two that may have effects from impairment of the fair value of the financial instruments. The probable scenario was defined based on the futures sugar and US dollar market curves as of March 31, 2012, the same which determines the fair value of the derivatives at that date. Possible and remote scenarios were defined based on adverse impacts of 25% and 50% over the sugar and dollar price curves, which served as basis for the probable scenario.

Sensitivity exhibit

The sensitivity exhibit is shown below, disclosing the changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments in the probable, possible and remote scenarios:
 
 
71

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

           
Impacts on results (*)
 
 
Risk factor
 
Probable Scenario
   
Possible Scenario (25%)
   
Remote Scenario (50%)
 
Price risk
                   
Commodity derivatives
                 
Future agreements
                   
Selling agreements
Increase of the sugar price
    12,001       (148,432 )     (296,864 )
Purchasing agreements
Decrease of the sugar price
    194       (4,971 )     (9,941 )
Selling agreements
Increase of the Ethanol Hydrated price
    (5 )     (5,518 )     (11,035 )
Purchasing agreements
Decrease of the Ethanol Hydrated price
    (1 )     (3,998 )     (7,996 )
Option agreements:
                         
Calls Purchased
Decrease of the sugar price
    142       (142 )     (142 )
Calls Sold
Increase of the sugar price
    (140 )     (3,835 )     (15,945 )
Puts Purchased
Increase of the sugar price
    389       (389 )     (389 )
                           
Exchange rate risk
                         
Exchange rate derivatives
                       
Future agreements:
                         
Selling agreements
Increase of the exchange rate R$/US$
    4,157       (130,685 )     (260,079 )
Purchasing agreements
Decrease of the exchange rate R$/US$
    (3,441 )     (209,824 )     (420,339 )
Forward agreements:
                         
Selling agreements
Increase of the exchange rate R$/US$
    (4,395 )     (32,103 )     (64,206 )
Exchange lock:
                         
Selling agreements
Increase of the exchange rate R$/US$
    1,701       (30,592 )     (61,185 )
Option agreements:
                         
Interest rate risk
                         
Derivatives Interest
                         
Swap agreement
Decrease in Libor curve
    (747 )     (1,100 )     (2,208 )

(*) Results projected to occur within 12 months from March 31, 2012

k)  
Capital management
 
The primary objective of the Company’s capital management is to ensure that it maintains a strong credit rating and healthy capital ratios in order to support its business and maximize shareholder value.

Occasionally, the Company purchases its own shares on the market, the timing of these purchases depends on market prices.

No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.
 
 
72

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

27.
Pension and other post-employment benefits plan

   
2012
   
2011
 
Futura
    34,725       24,380  
Other
    2,587       -  
Total
    37,312       24,380  

a)  
Pension Plan

Defined benefit

The Company’s subsidiary Cosan Lubricantes e Especialidades S.A. has a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (Futura -former- Previd Exxon)covering certain employees upon retirement. This plan was altered to allow its settlement and was approved by the relevant authority on May 5, 2011. The settlement is the process whereby the plan is closed to any new entrants, with the cessation of contributions, guaranteeing the participants a benefit that is in proportion to the rights they had accumulated in the plan up until March 31, 2011.

Defined contribution

Since June 1, 2011, the Company and its subsidiaries sponsor a variable contribution plan, for all employees (Futura II). The Company does not have a legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not have sufficient assets to pay all benefits owed. During the year ended March 31, 2012 the amount of contributions totaled R$5,906.

Since June 1, 2011, the jointly-controlled entities sponsor a defined contribution plan, for all employees (Raiz Prev). The jointly-controlled entities does not have a legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not have sufficient assets to pay all benefits owed. During the year ended March 31, 2012 the amount of contributions totaled R$8,887.

b)  
Actuarial Liability

The pension on Futura (former Previd Exxon) demonstrated in non-current liabilities at March 31, 2012 amounted to R$34,725 (R$24.380 in 2011).

Reconciliation of present value of defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets, with assets and liabilities recognized on the balance sheet:
 
 
73

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)
 

   
2012
   
2011
 
Present value of actuarial obligation at beginning of year
    (383,823 )     (325,534 )
Interest costs
    (38,345 )     (35,107 )
Current service cost
    (455 )     (4,445 )
Benefits paid
    27,845       24,637  
 Settlement / curtailment
    54,779       -  
Actuarial loss on obligation at beginning of year
    (22,716 )     (43,374 )
Present value of actuarial obligation at end of the  year
    (362,715 )     (383,823 )
                 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year
    359,443       347,703  
Expected return on plan assets
    39,000       35,918  
Contributions received by the fund
    3,282       8,702  
Benefits Paid
    (27,846 )     (24,637 )
Effect of migration to defined contribution - Settlement
    (32,226 )     -  
Loss in fair value of assets
    (13,663 )     (8,243 )
Fair value of plan assets at year-end
    327,990       359,443  
                 
Present value of liabilities in excess fair value of assets
    (34,725 )     (24,380 )

Total expense recognized in profit or loss:

Expense recognized in profit or loss:
 
 
2012
   
2011
 
Current service cost
    (455 )     (4,445 )
Interest on obligation
    (38,345 )     (35,107 )
Expected return on plan assets
    39,000       35,918  
      200       (3,634 )

Total amount recognized as other comprehensive income:

 
2012 
 
2011 
Amount accumulated at April 1
 (22,621)
 
 (42,056)
Unrecognized gains
 36,379 
 
 29,447 
Deferred Income Tax
 (12,369) 
 
 (10,012)
Amount accumulated at March 31st
 1,389 
 
 (22,621)

Plan assets include:

   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Amount
   
Percentage
   
Amount
   
Percentage
 
CDBs –  Bank Deposits
    245,993       75 %     268,863       74.80 %
Equity securities of Brazilian public entities
    81,997       25 %     90,580       25.20 %
Total
    327,990       100 %     359,443       100 %

Plan assets are represented by financial assets with quoted prices in an active market and therefore are included as a Level 1fair value type. The total expected rate of return on assets is calculated based on market expectations existing at that date applicable to the period over which the obligation should be liquidated. These expectations are reflected in the following main assumptions.
The main assumptions used to determine the pension benefit obligations of the Company are as follows:
 
 
74

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)


Defined benefit plan
2012 
 
2011
Actuarial valuation method
Projected unit credit
 
Projected unit credit
Mortality table
AT 83 segregated by sex, decreased by 10%
 
AT 83 segregated by sex, decreased by 10%
Discount rate for actuarial liability
Interest: 9.68% p.a. + inflation: 4.20% % p.a.
 
Interest: 10.77% p.a. + inflation: 4.50% p.a.
Expected rate of return on plan assets
Interest: 11.30% p.a. + inflation: 4.20% p.a.
 
Interest: 11.20% p.a. + inflation: 4.50% p.a.
Salary growth rate
Non - Applicable
 
6.07% + inflation: 4.50% p.a.
Increase rate of estimated benefits
0.00% p.a. + inflation: 4.20% p.a.
 
0.00% p.a. + inflation: 4.50% p.a.

The Company expects contributions at the amount of R$ 3,037 to be paid in relation to its defined benefit and variable contribution plan in 2013.

28.
Share-Based Payments

In the shareholder’s meeting held on July 29, 2011, the guidelines for the outlining and structuring of the stock option compensation plan for Cosan S.A.’s officers and employees were approved, authorizing the issuance of up to 5% of shares comprising Cosan S.A.’s total capital. This stock option plan was outlined to attract and retain officers and key employees, offering them the opportunity to become Cosan S.A.’s shareholders. On August 18, 2011, Cosan S.A.’s board of directors approved the total stock option grant corresponding up to 12,000,000 common shares to be issued or treasury shares held by Cosan S.A., corresponding 2.41% of the share capital at that time.

On the same date the eligible executives were informed of the all terms and conditions of the stock-option plan.

Expected Term – Cosan S.A. expected term represents the period that Cosan S.A. share-based awards are expected to be outstanding and was determined based on the assumption that the officers will exercise their options when the exercise period is over. Therefore, this term was calculated based on the average of 5 and 10 years. Cosan S.A. does not expect any forfeiture as those options are mainly for officers, whose turnover is low.

Expected Volatility – For the options granted on September 22, 2005 Cosan S.A. had its shares publicly-traded for less than 6 months as of April 30, 2006. Therefore, Cosan S.A. opted to substitute the historical volatility by an appropriate global industry sector index, based on the volatility of the share prices, and considering it as an assumption in its valuation model. Cosan S.A. has identified and compared similar public entities for which share or option price information is available to consider the historical, expected, or implied volatility of those entities’ share prices in estimating expected volatility based on global scenarios. For the options granted on September 11, 2007 Cosan S.A. used the volatility of its shares as an assumption in its valuation model since Cosan S.A. IPO in Brazil, in 2005.

Expected Dividends – As Cosan S.A. was a relatively new public entity, the expected dividend yield was calculated based on the current value of the stock at the grant date, adjusted by the average rate of the return to shareholders for the expected term, in relation of future book value of the shares.
 
 
75

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

Risk-Free Interest Rate – Cosan S.A. bases the risk-free interest rate used the SELIC - Special System Settlement Custody.
According to the average market value of the shares on a 30 day period ending at issuance, the exercise price was defined to be R$22.80 per share, without any discount. The fair value of options granted was estimated using the binomial model in compliance with the terms and conditions of each granted option.

The stock options were divided into “Tranche A” and “Tranche B”. The vesting period is described below.
Tranche A - The options can be exercised after a waiting period of one year, considering a maximum percentage of 20% per annum of the total stock options offered by Cosan S.A. within a period of 5 years. Exercise period ends August 19, 2016.

Tranche B - The options can be exercised after a waiting period of one year, considering a maximum percentage of 10% per annum of the total stock options offered by Cosan S.A. within a period of 10 years. Exercise period ends August 19, 2021.

The options may be exercised with the issuance of new shares or treasury shares that the company may have. The employees that leave Cosan S.A. before the vesting period will forfeit 100% of their rights.

As of August 19, 2011, 9,825,000 options related the shared based compensation was granted.The fair value of share based payments was estimated adopting the binomial model with the following premise:

 
Options granted on August 18, 2011
Tranche A
 
Options granted on August 18, 2011
Tranche B
Grant price - R$
22.8 
 
22.8 
Expected life  (in years)
1 a 5
 
1 a 10
Interest rate
12.39%
 
12.39%
Expected Volatility
31.44%
 
30.32%
Weighted average fair value at grant date - R$
6.80 
 
8.15 

Expected Term – the expected term considers that the executives will exercise their options after the vesting period of each grant.

Expected volatility – Due to the new capital structure and business model after the formation of the JVs, the company opted to use the historic volatility of their shares adjusted by volatility of competitors’ shares that operate in similar lines of business.

Expected dividends – The dividends expected were calculated on the basis of the current market value on the grant’s date, adjusted by the average rate of return of capital to shareholders during the forecast period, and compared with to the book value shares.

Free risk Interest Rate – the company considered the prime rate as the free risk interest rate traded at BM&F Bovespa on the grant date and for the equivalent term of the option maturity.
 
 
76

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

As of March 31, 2012, no options have been exercised or forfeited. A total expense of R$ 10,800 has been recorded. As of March 31, 2011, the amount of R$35,354  related to the unrecognized compensation cost from the stock options plan is expected to be recognized over a 10 year period.


29.
Segment information (consolidated)


a)  
Segment information


The following information about segments is based upon information used by Cosan’s senior management to assess the performance of operating segments and to decide on the allocation of resources.

Considering the formation of JVs Raízen Energia, Raízen Combustíveis and acquisition of the sugar retail business, Cosan has increased the presentation of its segments to five segments, as shown below.The information for prior periods have been reclassified to make them comparable with the information of this period.

(i)  
Raízen Energia: production and marketing of a variety of products derived from sugar cane, including raw sugar (VHP), anhydrous and hydrated ethanol, and activities related to energy cogeneration from sugarcane bagasse. In addition, this segment holds interest in companies of research and development in new technologies involved in this segment.

(ii)  
Raízen Combustíveis: distribution and marketing of fuels and lubricants, mainly through franchised network of service stations under the brand “Shell” and "Esso" throughout Brazil.


(iii)  
Rumo: logistics services for the transport, storage and port lifting of sugar for both Raizen Energia and third parties.

(iv)  
Cosan Alimentos: sale of food, mainly, of sugar in the retail under the brands “União” and “Da Barra”.

(v)  
Cosan other business: sale and distribution of lubricants, investments in agricultural land (through Radar) and other investments, in addition to the corporate activities of the Company.

 
The following selected information result and segment assets that were measured in accordance with the accounting practices used in the preparation of consolidated information:
 
 
77

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
   
2012
 
Balance Sheet:
 
Raizen Energia (*)
     
Raizen Combustiveis (*)
     
Cosan Alimentos
   
Rumo
     
Cosan other business
     
Eliminations 50% Raizen
     
Adjustments / Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
Property, plant and equipment
    9,658,979         2,779,641         45,973       879,469         730,707         (6,219,310 )       (8,496 )     7,866,963  
Intangible
    2,996,846         3,928,900         83,597       604,963         780,822         -         (3,462,873 )     4,932,255  
Loans and Long term debt, net of cash and equivalent cash
    (4,404,761 )       (603,447 )       29,834       (217,575 )       (706,063 )       2,504,104         -       (3,397,908 )
Other assets and liabilities, net
    1,839,138         252,124         142,455       (52,175 )       9,449,796         (1,045,631 )       (10,370,643 )     215,063  
Total assets (net of liabilities) allocated by segment
    10,090,202         6,357,219         301,859       1,214,682         10,255,262         (4,760,837 )       (13,842,013 )     9,616,374  
 Total asset
    19,979,070         11,559,239         408,966       2,029,954         15,994,737         (15,769,155 )       (12,078,676 )     22,124,135  
Profit (loss) for the year:
                                                                         
Net Operating  Income
    7,247,685         35,096,051         706,431       571,989         1,065,515         (19,711,867 )       (878,923 )     24,096,881  
Domestic Market
    3,925,829         35,096,051         706,431       567,265         1,065,515         (18,166,988 )       (878,923 )     22,315,180  
Foreign Market
    3,321,856         -         -       4,724         -         (1,544,879 )       -       1,781,701  
Gross profit
    1,668,941         1,958,726         129,073       177,923         332,646         (1,635,437 )       -       2,631,872  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    (965,440 )       (1,445,358 )       (96,001 )     (41,541 )       (320,343 )       1,090,503         -       (1,778,180 )
Other operating income, net
    -         -         -       -         3,196,632         -         -       3,196,632  
Financial income, net
    (18,207 )       270,736         23,114       19,461         (12,035 )       (129,023 )       (8,496 )     145,550  
Income tax and social contribution
    (267,934 )       (82,203 )       1,911       8,992         (356,292 )       221,386         -       (474,140 )
Net income
    (27,250 )       (192,056 )       6,156       (55,035 )       (935,179 )       93,152         -       (1,110,212 )
Profit (loss) for the year:
    378,269         525,916         64,253       109,801         2,775,139         (353,500 )       (855,088 )     2,644,790  
Other selected information:
                                                                         
Additions to PP&E, intangible assets and biological assets (cash)
    2,577,859         491,734         2,860       268,985         99,473         (1,291,124 )       (13,270 )     2,136,517  
Depreciation and amortization (including the effect of biological assets)
    1,549,993         365,603         1,716       57,323         48,329         (880,184 )       -       1,142,780  

   
2011
 
   
Raizen Energia (*)
   
Raizen Combustiveis (*)
   
Rumo
   
Cosan other business
   
Adjustments / Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
Balance Sheet:
                                   
Property, plant and equipment
    5,962,230       862,185       931,997       224,112       -       7,980,524  
Intangible
    1,644,350       528,653       358,287       914,384       -       3,445,674  
Loans and Long term debt, net of cash and equivalent cash
    (4,723,833 )     (589,229 )     (99,829 )     (524,334 )     -       (5,937,225 )
Other assets and liabilities, net
    (1,826,735 )     (238,736 )     (173,826 )     6,655,159       (3,120,489 )     1,295,373  
Total assets (net of liabilities) allocated by segment
    1,056,012       562,873       1,016,629       7,269,321       (3,120,489 )     6,784,346  
 Total asset
    8,567,722       1,777,299       1,713,112       9,915,149       (3,228,626 )     18,744,656  
Profit (loss) for the year:
                                               
Net Operating  Income
    6,389,178       10,966,245       448,003       829,032       (568,978 )     18,063,480  
Domestic Market
    3,678,207       10,966,245       448,003       829,032       (568,978 )     15,352,509  
Foreign Market
    2,710,971       -       -       -       -       2,710,971  
Gross profit
    1,988,662       466,989       131,469       314,131       12,150       2,913,401  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    (961,407 )     (372,438 )     (28,951 )     (202,570 )     (1,636 )     (1,567,002 )
Other operating income, net
    (65,415 )     33,754       9,936       (1,977 )     (10,126 )     (33,828 )
Financial income, net
    (101,755 )     (22,441 )     13,047       (35,539 )     -       (146,688 )
Income tax and social contribution
    (305,977 )     (40,490 )     (42,865 )     (25,176 )     -       (414,508 )
Net income
    833,343       (126,368 )     62,543       240,611       (238,564 )     771,565  
Other selected information:
                                               
Additions to PP&E, intangible assets and biological assets (cash)
    2,817,195       83,266       126,189       10,569       -       3,037,219  
Depreciation and amortization (including the effect of biological assets)
    1,266,142       35,798       20,157       36,903       -       1,359,000  
 
(*) The information of  Raízen Energia and Raízen Combustíveis represents 100% of the business, regardless of whether the Company has lost full control of business June 1, 2011 when the formation of JVs occurred. The segment called Raízen Energia is basically the same information as in previous years for the segment called "CAA". The segment Raizen Combustíveis accounts for up to 31 May 2011 the business of the old fuel segment called CCL, except lubricants and since then also fuels business of Shell Brazil Ltda. have been contributed to the JV already mentioned.
 
 
78

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

All non-current assets of the Company are located in Brazil except for certain equity interests.
 
Detailed net Sales per segment:
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Raízen Energia
           
  Sugar
    3,912,824       3,853,404  
  Ethanol
    2,871,515       2,203,737  
  Cogeneration
    235,129       194,889  
  Other
    228,217       137,148  
      7,247,685       6,389,178  
Raízen Combustiveis
               
  Combustível
    35,032,782       10,895,655  
  Other
    63,269       70,590  
      35,096,051       10,966,245  
Alimentos
               
  Amorphous
    631,532       -  
  Crystal
    39,013       -  
  Other
    35,885       -  
      706,430       -  
Rumo
               
  Elevation
    141,026       118,139  
  Transports
    413,364       305,780  
  Other
    17,598       24,084  
      571,988       448,003  
Cosan – other business
               
  Lubrificantes
    1,018,801       829,032  
  Other
    46,714       -  
      1,065,515       829,032  
                 
Adjustments / Eliminations
    (20,590,788 )     (568,978 )
                 
Total
    24,096,881       18,063,480  

 

b)  
Net Sales per region
 
The percentage of net sales of the Raízen Energia segment by geographic area for the years ended are as follows:

 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Brazil
    67.24 %     72.63 %
Europe
    24.18 %     24.93 %
Latin America (Except Brazil)
    3.52 %        
Middle East and Asia
    1.00 %     1.48 %
North America
    2.94 %     0.74 %
Other
    1.12 %     0.22 %
Total
    100.00 %     100.00 %

The net sales from segments Raízen Combustíveis, Rumo and Cosan Alimentos are derived only from the domestic market (Brazil), with no revenue from foreign customers.
 
 
79

 
COSAN S.A. INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO
Notes to the consolidated financial statement
Years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
(In thousands of Reais, except otherwise stated)

 
c)  
Concentration of customers

Raizen Energia

There are several clients in this segment, one of which represents more than 10% of the segment net sales during 2012 and 2011-- the SUCDEN Group (10% and 25%, respectively).

Raizen Combustíveis

In this segment there are no clients that represent more than 10% of the net sales.

Rumo

In 2012, 55% of the segment net sales were generated from sales to the Raizen Energia segment (33% in 2011).

Cosan Other businesses

No customers or specific groups represent 10% or more of sales in 2012 and 2011.


30.
Subsequent Events

a.
Companhia de Gas de Sao Paulo - Comgás

On May 3, 2012, Cosan S.A. signed a memorandum of understanding with BG Group (British Gas) to acquire its interest of 60.1% on Companhia de Gas de Sao Paulo – Comgás for R$3.3 billion.

On May 28, 2012, Cosan S.A. signed the purchase and sale agreement in connection with this transaction. This acquisition will be effected upon regulatory approval.

b.
Association with Camil Alimentos S.A. – Camil

On May 28, 2012, Cosan S.A.signed an association agreement with Arfei Comercio e Participações S.A. (“Arfei”) and GIF Codajas Participações S.A. (“GIF Codajas”), an investment fund managed by Gávea Invetimentos Ltda. whereby Cosan S.A. will contribute its sugar retail business in exchange for R$345 million cash and a 11.72% interest in Camil, this transaction will be effected upon the fulfilling of certain contractual conditions.
 
 
 
80

 

SIGNATURES

 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 

 
   
COSAN LIMITED
 
 
Date:
June 4, 2012
 
By:
/s/ Marcelo Eduardo Martins
       
Name:
Marcelo Eduardo Martins
       
Title:
Chief Financial Officer and Investor Relations Officer