UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 27, 2009
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 0-12933
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 94-2634797 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
4650 Cushing Parkway Fremont, California 94538 |
94538 | |
(Address of principal executive offices including zip code) | (Zip Code) |
(510) 572-0200
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer | x | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |||||
Non-accelerated filer | ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of October 30, 2009, there were 127,250,393 shares of Registrants Common Stock outstanding.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No. | ||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 27, 2009 and June 28, 2009 |
3 | |
4 | ||
5 | ||
6 | ||
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
23 | |
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
36 | |
36 | ||
36 | ||
36 | ||
37 | ||
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
43 | |
43 | ||
43 | ||
43 | ||
43 | ||
44 | ||
45 | ||
EX-31.1 |
||
EX-31.2 |
||
EX-32.1 |
||
EX-32.2 |
2
ITEM 1. | Financial Statements |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
|||||||
(unaudited) | (1) | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 361,163 | $ | 374,167 | ||||
Short-term investments |
215,031 | 205,221 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $10,723 as of September 27, 2009 and $10,719 as of June 28, 2009 |
325,756 | 253,585 | ||||||
Inventories |
220,083 | 233,410 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
57,293 | 69,043 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
61,128 | 60,401 | ||||||
Total current assets |
1,240,454 | 1,195,827 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
211,348 | 215,666 | ||||||
Restricted cash and investments |
185,010 | 178,439 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
16,298 | 17,007 | ||||||
Goodwill |
169,182 | 169,182 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
85,634 | 91,605 | ||||||
Other assets |
87,179 | 84,145 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 1,995,105 | $ | 1,951,871 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY | ||||||||
Trade accounts payable |
$ | 72,540 | $ | 49,606 | ||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
197,430 | 240,022 | ||||||
Deferred profit |
55,572 | 45,787 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt and capital leases |
11,369 | 5,348 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
336,911 | 340,763 | ||||||
Long-term debt and capital leases |
35,787 | 40,886 | ||||||
Income taxes payable |
105,925 | 102,999 | ||||||
Other long-term liabilities |
12,722 | 14,134 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
491,345 | 498,782 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, at par value of $0.001 per share; authorized 5,000 shares, none outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common stock, at par value of $0.001 per share; authorized 400,000 shares; issued and outstanding 127,180 shares at September 27, 2009 and 126,532 shares at June 28, 2009 |
127 | 127 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
1,391,085 | 1,377,231 | ||||||
Treasury stock, at cost, 34,456 shares at September 27, 2009 and 34,679 shares at June 28, 2009 |
(1,490,017 | ) | (1,495,693 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(38,478 | ) | (52,822 | ) | ||||
Retained earnings |
1,641,043 | 1,624,246 | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
1,503,760 | 1,453,089 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 1,995,105 | $ | 1,951,871 | ||||
(1) Derived from audited financial statements |
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended | |||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 | ||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 318,548 | $ | 440,361 | |||
Cost of goods sold |
187,233 | 254,203 | |||||
Cost of goods sold restructuring and asset impairments |
| 3,048 | |||||
Cost of goods sold 409A expense |
(5,455 | ) | | ||||
Total costs of goods sold |
181,778 | 257,251 | |||||
Gross margin |
136,770 | 183,110 | |||||
Research and development |
71,199 | 81,563 | |||||
Selling, general and administrative |
52,119 | 68,299 | |||||
Restructuring and asset impairments |
2,093 | 15,968 | |||||
409A expense |
(17,893 | ) | 761 | ||||
Total operating expenses |
107,518 | 166,591 | |||||
Operating income |
29,252 | 16,519 | |||||
Other income (expense), net |
(368 | ) | 9,017 | ||||
Income before income taxes |
28,884 | 25,536 | |||||
Income tax expense |
12,087 | 16,663 | |||||
Net income |
$ | 16,797 | $ | 8,873 | |||
Net income per share: |
|||||||
Basic net income per share |
$ | 0.13 | $ | 0.07 | |||
Diluted net income per share |
$ | 0.13 | $ | 0.07 | |||
Number of shares used in per share calculations: |
|||||||
Basic |
126,774 | 125,527 | |||||
Diluted |
127,890 | 126,819 | |||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
|||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,797 | $ | 8,873 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
17,681 | 17,896 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
12,482 | (12,407 | ) | |||||
Restructuring charges, net |
2,093 | 19,016 | ||||||
Equity-based compensation expense |
13,958 | 15,408 | ||||||
Income tax benefit on equity-based compensation plans |
(89 | ) | 5,039 | |||||
Excess tax benefit on equity-based compensation plans |
(368 | ) | (4,269 | ) | ||||
Other, net |
1,159 | 2,665 | ||||||
Changes in operating asset and liabilities: |
(61,009 | ) | (9,089 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
2,704 | 43,132 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Capital expenditures and intangible assets |
(5,832 | ) | (15,151 | ) | ||||
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired |
| (2,427 | ) | |||||
Purchases of available-for-sale securities |
(29,638 | ) | (125,408 | ) | ||||
Sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities |
19,863 | 132,388 | ||||||
Purchase of other investments |
(961 | ) | | |||||
Transfer of restricted cash and investments |
(6,571 | ) | (16,128 | ) | ||||
Net cash used for investing activities |
(23,139 | ) | (26,726 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Principal payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations |
(1,915 | ) | (2,390 | ) | ||||
Net proceeds from issuance of long-term debt |
284 | 127 | ||||||
Excess tax benefit on equity-based compensation plans |
368 | 4,269 | ||||||
Treasury stock purchases |
(2,356 | ) | (2,755 | ) | ||||
Reissuances of treasury stock |
5,761 | 7,584 | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock |
2,256 | 3,150 | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
4,398 | 9,985 | ||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash |
3,033 | (13,496 | ) | |||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
(13,004 | ) | 12,895 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
374,167 | 732,537 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 361,163 | $ | 745,432 | ||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
5
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1 BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of Lam Research Corporation (Lam Research or the Company) for the fiscal year ended June 28, 2009, which are included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended June 28, 2009 (the 2009 Form 10-K). The Companys Forms 10-K, Forms 10-Q and Forms 8-K are available online at the Securities and Exchange Commission website on the Internet. The address of that site is www.sec.gov. The Company also posts its Forms 10-K, Forms 10-Q and Forms 8-K on its corporate website at http://investor.lamresearch.com.
The Companys reporting period is a 52/53-week fiscal year. The Companys current fiscal year will end June 27, 2010 and includes 52 weeks. The quarters ended September 27, 2009 (the September 2009 quarter) and September 28, 2008 (the September 2008 quarter) each included 13 weeks.
NOTE 2 RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) revised the authoritative guidance for business combinations. The new guidance establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. The revised guidance also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. The accounting treatment of tax benefits from acquired companies has changed under the revised guidance. Any changes to the tax benefits associated with the valuation allowance recorded in the SEZ acquisition will be recorded through income tax expense. The Company adopted the revised guidance on June 29, 2009 and the adoption did not have a significant impact on its results of operations or financial condition.
In December 2007, the FASB issued guidance which establishes accounting and reporting standards for the treatment of noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary. Noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary are to be reported as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements and any retained noncontrolling equity investment upon deconsolidation of a subsidiary is initially measured at fair value. The Company adopted the guidance on June 29, 2009 and the adoption did not have a significant impact on its results of operations or financial condition.
In April 2009, the FASB issued guidance to require publicly-traded companies, to provide disclosures on the fair value of financial instruments in interim financial statements. The Company adopted this guidance on June 29, 2009 and the adoption resulted in expanded disclosures but did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
In June 2009, the FASB issued the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (Codification). The Codification is the single source for all authoritative Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) recognized by the FASB to be applied for financial statements issued for periods ending after September 15, 2009. The Codification does not change GAAP and did not have a material impact on the Companys financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB ratified guidance from the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) regarding revenue arrangements with multiple deliverables. This guidance addresses criteria for separating the consideration in multiple-element arrangements and will require companies to allocate the overall consideration to each deliverable by using a best estimate of the selling price of individual deliverables in the arrangement in the absence of vendor-specific objective evidence or other third-party evidence of the selling price. This guidance will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
In September 2009, the FASB also ratified guidance from the EITF regarding certain revenue arrangements that include software elements. This guidance modifies the scope of the software revenue recognition rules to exclude (a) non-software components of tangible products and (b) software components of tangible products that are sold, licensed, or leased with tangible products when the software components and non-software components of the tangible product function together to deliver the tangible products essential functionality. This guidance will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
6
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3 EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
The Company has adopted stock plans that provide for the grant to eligible participants of equity-based awards, including stock options and restricted stock units, of Lam Research common stock (Common Stock). The Company also has an employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) that allows employees to purchase its Common Stock at a discount through payroll deductions.
The Company recognized the following equity-based compensation expense and related income tax benefit in the consolidated statements of operations:
Three Months Ended | ||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 | |||||
(in millions) | ||||||
Equity-based compensation expense |
$ | 14.0 | $ | 15.4 | ||
Income tax benefit related to equity-based compensation expense |
$ | 1.5 | $ | 2.8 |
The estimated fair value of the Companys stock-based awards, less expected forfeitures, is amortized over the awards vesting periods on a straight-line basis.
Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units
The 2007 Stock Incentive Plan provides for the grant of non-qualified equity-based awards to eligible participants. Additional shares are reserved for issuance pursuant to awards previously granted under the Companys 1997 Stock Incentive Plan and its 1999 Stock Option Plan (together with the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, the Plans). As of September 27, 2009, there were a total of 3,651,123 shares reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding equity-based awards under the Plans. There were an additional 10,759,820 shares reserved and available for future issuance pursuant to future equity-based awards granted under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan as of September 27, 2009.
The Company did not grant any stock options during the three months ended September 27, 2009 and September 28, 2008.
A summary of stock option activity under the Plans as of September 27, 2009 and changes during the three months then ended is presented below:
Options |
Shares (in thousands) |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value as of September 27, 2009 (in thousands) | |||||||
Outstanding at June 28, 2009 |
1,590 | $ | 22.10 | 2.50 | |||||||
Exercised |
(143 | ) | $ | 15.80 | |||||||
Forfeited or expired |
(2 | ) | $ | 19.01 | |||||||
Outstanding at September 27, 2009 |
1,445 | $ | 22.73 | 2.43 | $ | 16,736 | |||||
Exercisable at September 27, 2009 |
968 | $ | 23.98 | 1.46 | $ | 10,258 | |||||
The total intrinsic value of options exercised was as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 | |||||
(in millions) | ||||||
Intrinsic value of options exercised |
$ | 2.2 | $ | 2.1 | ||
As of September 27, 2009, there was approximately $2.6 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options granted and outstanding; that expense is expected to be recognized over a remaining period of 1.4 years.
7
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
Cash received from stock option exercises was as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 | |||||
(in millions) | ||||||
Cash received from stock option exercises |
$ | 2.3 | $ | 3.2 | ||
A summary of the status of the Companys restricted stock units as of September 27, 2009 and changes during the three months then ended is presented below:
Nonvested Restricted Stock Units |
Shares (in thousands) |
Average Grant- Date Fair Value | ||||
Nonvested at June 28, 2009 |
2,520 | $ | 30.32 | |||
Granted |
26 | $ | 29.98 | |||
Vested |
(265 | ) | $ | 42.68 | ||
Forfeited |
(75 | ) | $ | 36.78 | ||
Nonvested at September 27, 2009 |
2,206 | $ | 28.61 | |||
The fair value of the Companys restricted stock units was calculated based upon the fair market value of the Companys stock at the date of grant. As of September 27, 2009, there was $43.0 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units granted; that expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of 1.7 years.
ESPP
The 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the 1999 ESPP) allows employees to designate a portion of their base compensation to be withheld through payroll deductions and used to purchase the Companys Common Stock at a purchase price per share of the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the Companys Common Stock on the first or last day of the applicable offering period. Typically, each offering period lasts 12 months and includes three interim purchase dates. As of September 27, 2009, there were a total of 7,055,581 shares available for issuance under the 1999 ESPP.
Awards under the 1999 ESPP were valued using the Black-Scholes model and were valued assuming no expected dividends and the following weighted-average assumptions for the three months ended September 27, 2009:
Expected term: |
0.68 | years | |
Expected volatility: |
74.00 | % | |
Risk-free interest rate: |
0.41 | % |
As of September 27, 2009, there was $2.6 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to the 1999 ESPP that is expected to be recognized over a remaining period of 0.3 years.
8
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 4 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair Value
The FASB has established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. An asset or liabilitys level in the hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Assets and liabilities carried at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1: Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities with sufficient volume and frequency of transactions.
Level 2: Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3: Valuations based on unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities and based on non-binding, broker-provided price quotes and may not have been corroborated by observable market data.
The following table sets forth the Companys financial assets and liabilities that were recorded at fair value on a recurring basis during the quarter, by level within the fair value hierarchy at September 27, 2009:
Fair Value Measurement at September 27, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Total | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||
Fixed income |
||||||||||||
Money market funds |
$ | 277,284 | $ | 277,284 | $ | | $ | | ||||
US treasury & agencies |
30,775 | 30,775 | | | ||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises |
8,269 | | 8,269 | | ||||||||
Bank and corporate notes |
236,029 | 184,164 | 51,407 | 458 | ||||||||
Municipal notes and bonds |
102,975 | | 102,975 | | ||||||||
Mortgage backed securities residential |
9,470 | | 9,470 | | ||||||||
Mortgage backed securities commercial |
11,677 | | 11,677 | | ||||||||
Total fixed income |
$ | 676,479 | $ | 492,223 | $ | 183,798 | $ | 458 | ||||
Equities |
6,554 | 6,554 | | | ||||||||
Derivatives assets |
61 | | 61 | | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 683,094 | $ | 498,777 | $ | 183,859 | $ | 458 | ||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities |
$ | 1,432 | $ | | $ | 1,432 | $ | | ||||
9
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
The amounts in the table above are reported in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 27, 2009 as follows (in thousands):
Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||
Cash equivalents |
$ | 282,504 | $ | 282,504 | $ | | $ | | ||||
Short-term investments |
215,031 | 30,775 | 183,798 | 458 | ||||||||
Restricted cash and investments |
178,944 | 178,944 | | | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
61 | | 61 | | ||||||||
Other assets |
6,554 | 6,554 | | | ||||||||
$ | 683,094 | $ | 498,777 | $ | 183,859 | $ | 458 | |||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
$ | 1,432 | $ | | $ | 1,432 | $ | | ||||
At September 27, 2009, the fair value of Level 3 assets measured on a recurring basis was $0.5 million and consisted of a corporate note security. Fair values were based on non-binding, broker-provided price quotes and may not have been corroborated by observable market data.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging
The Company carries derivative financial instruments (derivatives) on its balance sheet at their fair values. The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts with financial institutions with the primary objective of reducing volatility of earnings and cash flows related to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The counterparties to these foreign exchange forward contracts are creditworthy multinational financial institutions; therefore, the risk of counterparty nonperformance is not considered to be material.
Cash Flow Hedges
The Companys policy is to attempt to minimize short-term business exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations using an effective and efficient method to eliminate or reduce such exposures. In the normal course of business, the Companys financial position is routinely subjected to market risk associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. To protect against a reduction in value of forecasted Japanese yen-denominated revenues, the Company has instituted a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts that generally expire within 12 months and no later than 24 months. These foreign exchange forward contracts are designated as cash flow hedges and are carried on the Companys balance sheet at fair value with the effective portion of the contracts gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently recognized in revenue in the same period the hedged revenue is recognized.
At inception and at each quarter end, hedges are tested for effectiveness using regression testing. Changes in the fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts due to changes in time value are excluded from the assessment of effectiveness and are recognized in revenue in the current period. The change in forward time value was not material for all reported periods. There were no gains or losses during the three months ended September 27, 2009 and September 28, 2008 associated with ineffectiveness or forecasted transactions that failed to occur. To qualify for hedge accounting, the hedge relationship must meet criteria relating both to the derivative instrument and the hedged item. These criteria include identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item, the nature of the risk being hedged and how the hedging instruments effectiveness in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged items fair value or cash flows will be measured.
To receive hedge accounting treatment, all hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedge and the hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions. When derivative instruments are designated and qualify as effective cash flow hedges, the Company is able to defer effective changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged exposure is realized. Consequently, with the exception of excluded time value and hedge ineffectiveness recognized, the Companys results of operations are not subject to fluctuation as a result of changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments. If hedges are not highly effective or if the Company does not believe that the underlying hedged forecasted transactions would occur, the Company may not be able to account for its derivative instruments as cash flow hedges. If this were to occur, future changes in the fair values of the Companys derivative instruments would be recognized in earnings without the benefits of offsets or deferrals of changes in fair value arising from hedge accounting treatment. At September 27, 2009, the Company expects to reclassify the entire amount associated with the $0.7 million of losses accumulated in other comprehensive income to earnings during the next 12 months due to the recognition in earnings of the hedged forecasted transactions.
Balance Sheet Hedges
The Company also enters into foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge the effects of foreign currency fluctuations associated with foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, primarily intercompany receivables and payables. These foreign exchange forward contracts are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. Therefore, the change in fair value of these derivatives is recorded into earnings as a component of other income and expense and offsets the change in fair value of the foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, recorded in other income and expense.
10
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
As of September 27, 2009, the Company had the following outstanding foreign currency forward contracts that were entered into to hedge forecasted revenues and purchases:
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments: |
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: | |||||
(in thousands) | ||||||
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts |
||||||
Sell JPY |
$ | 27,954 | $ | | ||
Sell JPY |
| 28,620 | ||||
Buy CHF |
| 174,630 | ||||
Buy EUR |
| 48,616 | ||||
Buy TWD |
| 43,384 | ||||
$ | 27,954 | $ | 295,250 | |||
The fair value of derivatives instruments in the Companys condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 27, 2009 was as follows:
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments |
|||||||||||
Asset Derivatives |
Liability Derivatives | ||||||||||
Balance Sheet Location |
Fair Value | Balance Sheet Location | Fair Value | ||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |
|||||||||||
Foreign exchange forward contracts |
Prepaid expense and other assets | $ | 59 | Accrued liabilities | $ | (735 | ) | ||||
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |
|||||||||||
Foreign exchange forward contracts |
Prepaid expense and other assets | $ | 2 | Accrued liabilities | $ | (697 | ) | ||||
Total derivatives |
$ | 61 | $ | (1,432 | ) | ||||||
11
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
The effect of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges on the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended September 27, 2009 was as follows:
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments: |
Gain (Loss) Recognized (Effective Portion) (1) |
Gain (Loss) Recognized (Effective Portion) (2) |
Gain (Loss) Recognized (Ineffective Portion) (3) |
Gain (Loss) Recognized (Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) (4) | |||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Foreign exchange forward contracts |
$ | (707 | ) | $ | 5 | $ | | $ | 36 |
(1) | Amount recognized in other comprehensive income (effective portion). |
(2) | Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income (effective portion) located in revenue. |
(3) | Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative (ineffective portion) located in other income (expense), net. |
(4) | Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative (amount excluded from effectiveness testing) located in other income (expense), net. |
The effect of derivative instruments not designated as cash flow hedges on the Companys condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended September 27, 2009 was as follows:
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: |
Gain (Loss) Recognized (5) | ||
(in thousands) | |||
Foreign exchange forward contracts |
$ | 7,253 |
(5) | Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income located in other income (expense), net. |
Investments
Investments at September 27, 2009 consist of the following:
September 27, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Cost | Unrealized Gain |
Unrealized (Loss) |
Fair Value | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Cash |
$ | 84,725 | $ | | $ | | $ | 84,725 | |||||
Money market funds |
277,284 | | | 277,284 | |||||||||
Municipal notes and bonds |
100,606 | 2,370 | (1 | ) | 102,975 | ||||||||
US treasury & agencies |
30,305 | 479 | (9 | ) | 30,775 | ||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprises |
8,123 | 146 | | 8,269 | |||||||||
Bank and corporate notes |
234,601 | 1,505 | (77 | ) | 236,029 | ||||||||
Mortgage backed securities residential |
9,079 | 425 | (34 | ) | 9,470 | ||||||||
Mortgage backed securities commercial |
11,598 | 241 | (162 | ) | 11,677 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 756,321 | $ | 5,166 | $ | (283 | ) | $ | 761,204 | ||||
Long Term Investments: |
|||||||||||||
Publicly traded equity securities |
$ | 9,320 | $ | | $ | (2,767 | ) | $ | 6,553 | ||||
Reported as: |
|||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 361,162 | $ | | $ | | $ | 361,162 | |||||
Short-term investments |
210,148 | 5,166 | (283 | ) | $ | 215,031 | |||||||
Restricted cash and investments |
185,010 | | | $ | 185,010 | ||||||||
Other assets |
9,320 | | (2,767 | ) | $ | 6,553 | |||||||
Total |
$ | 765,640 | $ | 5,166 | $ | (3,050 | ) | $ | 767,756 | ||||
The Company accounts for its investment portfolio at fair value. There were no net realized gains or losses on investments due to other-than-temporary impairment charges during the three months ended September 27, 2009 and September 28, 2008. Realized gains and (losses) from investments were less than $0.1 million and $(0.6) million during the three months ended September 27, 2009 and September 28, 2008, respectively. Realized gains and (losses) for investments sold are specifically identified. Management assesses the fair value of investments in debt securities that are not actively traded through consideration of interest rates and their impact on the present value of the cash flows to be received from the investments. The Company also considers whether changes in the credit ratings of the issuer could impact the assessment of fair value.
12
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
An analysis of the Companys fixed income securities in unrealized loss positions as of September 27, 2009 is as follows:
UNREALIZED LOSSES LESS THAN 12 MONTHS |
UNREALIZED LOSSES 12 MONTHS OR GREATER |
TOTAL | |||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Loss |
Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Loss |
Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Loss |
||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed Income Securities |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Municipal notes and bonds |
$ | 2,687 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | | $ | | $ | 2,687 | $ | (1 | ) | |||||||
US treasury & agencies |
6,494 | (9 | ) | | | 6,494 | (9 | ) | |||||||||||||
Bank and corporate bonds |
1,494 | (51 | ) | 2,445 | (26 | ) | 3,939 | (77 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage backed securities residential |
| | 177 | (34 | ) | 177 | (34 | ) | |||||||||||||
Mortgage backed securities commercial |
| | 805 | (162 | ) | 805 | (162 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total Fixed Income |
$ | 10,675 | $ | (61 | ) | $ | 3,427 | $ | (222 | ) | $ | 14,102 | $ | (283 | ) | ||||||
The amortized cost and fair value of cash equivalents and short-term investments and restricted cash and investments with contractual maturities are as follows:
September 27, 2009 | ||||||
Cost | Estimated Fair Value | |||||
(in thousands) | ||||||
Due in less than one year |
$ | 523,276 | $ | 524,100 | ||
Due in more than one year |
148,321 | 152,379 | ||||
$ | 671,597 | $ | 676,479 | |||
Management has the ability, if necessary, to liquidate any of its investments in order to meet the Companys liquidity needs in the next 12 months. Accordingly, those investments with contractual maturities greater than one year from the date of purchase nonetheless are classified as short-term on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
NOTE 5 INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. Shipments to Japanese customers, to whom title does not transfer until customer acceptance, are classified as inventory and carried at cost until title transfers. Inventories consist of the following:
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 | |||||
(in thousands) | ||||||
Raw materials |
$ | 121,112 | $ | 145,421 | ||
Work-in-process |
45,611 | 35,487 | ||||
Finished goods |
53,360 | 52,502 | ||||
$ | 220,083 | $ | 233,410 | |||
13
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 6 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment, net, consists of the following:
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Manufacturing, engineering and office equipment |
$ | 251,597 | $ | 254,397 | ||||
Computer equipment and software |
73,007 | 69,567 | ||||||
Land |
15,899 | 16,550 | ||||||
Buildings |
64,416 | 64,488 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements |
53,374 | 52,115 | ||||||
Furniture and fixtures |
14,332 | 13,295 | ||||||
472,625 | 470,412 | |||||||
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(261,277 | ) | (254,746 | ) | ||||
$ | 211,348 | $ | 215,666 | |||||
NOTE 7 GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
The balance of goodwill was $169.2 million as of September 27, 2009 and June 28, 2009. Goodwill attributable to the SEZ acquisition of approximately $104 million is not tax deductible due to foreign jurisdiction law. The remaining goodwill balance of approximately $65 million is tax deductible.
Intangible Assets
The following table provides details of the Companys intangible assets subject to amortization as of September 27, 2009 (in thousands, except years):
Gross | Accumulated Amortization |
Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |
Net | Weighted-Average Useful Life (years) | ||||||||||||
Customer relationships |
$ | 35,226 | $ | (14,796 | ) | $ | | $ | 20,430 | 6.90 | ||||||
Existing technology |
61,598 | (13,820 | ) | (7,204 | ) | $ | 40,574 | 6.70 | ||||||||
Other intangible assets |
35,216 | (20,814 | ) | (1,298 | ) | $ | 13,104 | 4.10 | ||||||||
Patents |
20,270 | (8,744 | ) | | 11,526 | 6.13 | ||||||||||
$ | 152,310 | $ | (58,174 | ) | $ | (8,502 | ) | $ | 85,634 | 6.07 | ||||||
The following table provides details of the Companys intangible assets subject to amortization as of June 28, 2009 (in thousands, except years):
Gross | Accumulated Amortization |
Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |
Net | Weighted-Average Useful Life (years) | ||||||||||||
Customer relationships |
$ | 35,226 | $ | (13,557 | ) | $ | | $ | 21,669 | 6.90 | ||||||
Existing technology |
61,598 | (11,799 | ) | (7,204 | ) | 42,595 | 6.70 | |||||||||
Other intangible assets |
35,216 | (18,924 | ) | (1,298 | ) | 14,994 | 4.10 | |||||||||
Patents |
20,270 | (7,923 | ) | | 12,347 | 6.13 | ||||||||||
$ | 152,310 | $ | (52,203 | ) | $ | (8,502 | ) | $ | 91,605 | 6.07 | ||||||
The Company recognized $5.9 million and $6.6 million in intangible asset amortization expense during the three months ended September 27, 2009 and September 28, 2008, respectively.
14
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets as of September 27, 2009 is as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year |
Amount | ||
2010 (9 months) |
$ | 18,140 | |
2011 |
21,206 | ||
2012 |
17,956 | ||
2013 |
16,525 | ||
2014 |
9,956 | ||
Thereafter |
1,850 | ||
$ | 85,634 | ||
15
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 8 ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:
September 27, | June 28, | |||||
2009 | 2009 | |||||
(in thousands) | ||||||
Accrued compensation |
$ | 146,387 | $ | 171,609 | ||
Warranty reserves |
20,150 | 21,185 | ||||
Income and other taxes payable |
7,526 | 10,897 | ||||
Other |
23,367 | 36,331 | ||||
$ | 197,430 | $ | 240,022 | |||
Following the voluntary independent review of the Companys historical option grant process, the Company considered whether Section 409A (Section 409A) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (IRC) and similar provisions of state law would apply to certain stock option grants that were found to have intrinsic value at the time of their respective measurement dates. If a stock option is not considered as issued with an exercise price of at least the fair market value of the underlying stock, it may be subject to penalty taxes under Section 409A and similar provisions of state law. In such a case, such taxes may be assessed not only on the intrinsic value increase, but on the entire stock option gain as measured at various times. On March 30, 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the Company to assume potential tax liabilities of certain employees, including the Companys Chief Executive Officer and certain other executive officers, relating to options that might be subject to Section 409A and similar provisions of state law. The assumed Section 409A liability was $53.7 million as of June 28, 2009 and is included in accrued compensation in the table above.
During the quarter ended September 27, 2009, the Company finalized a portion of the Section 409A liabilities which resulted in a reduction of the liability and net credits recognized in the statements of operations of $(5.5) million recorded in cost of goods sold and $(17.9) million recorded in operating expenses. The remaining assumed Section 409A liability at September 27, 2009 includes $27.6 million in accrued compensation in the table above and legal fees of $2.5 million included in other in the table above. The determinations from the voluntary independent stock option review are more fully described in Note 3, Restatement of Consolidated Financial Statements to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of the Companys 2007 Form 10-K and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of the Companys 2007 Form 10-K.
NOTE 9 OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET
The significant components of other income (expense), net, are as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Interest income |
$ | 2,048 | $ | 7,796 | ||||
Interest expense |
(189 | ) | (2,553 | ) | ||||
Foreign exchange gains (losses) |
(1,794 | ) | 3,266 | |||||
Other, net |
(433 | ) | 508 | |||||
$ | (368 | ) | $ | 9,017 | ||||
16
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 10 INCOME TAX EXPENSE
The Companys effective tax rate for the three months ended September 27, 2009 was approximately 41.8%. This rate differs significantly from the statutory rate due to the geographical mix of income in higher and lower tax jurisdictions and a change in California valuation allowance. The Company recorded the following material discrete events during the September 2009 quarter: (1) a tax expense of $9.3 million related to a settlement of 409A liabilities, (2) a tax expense of $1.5 million related to a change in valuation allowance with respect to a California R&D credit, (3) a tax expense of $1.0 million for interest related to uncertain tax positions, and (4) a tax benefit of $1.0 million of adjustments related to the filing of prior year foreign tax returns.
The total gross unrecognized tax benefits as of each date noted below were as follows:
December 28, 2008 |
March 29, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
September 27, 2009 | |||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Total gross unrecognized tax benefits |
$ | 149.6 | $ | 163.4 | $ | 178.4 | $ | 179.6 | ||||
As of September 27, 2009, the total gross unrecognized tax benefits was $179.6 million compared to $178.4 million as of June 28, 2009, representing an increase of approximately $1.2 million for the three month period. If the remaining balance of $179.6 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits were realized in a future period, it would result in a net tax benefit of $136.7 million and a reduction of the effective tax rate. The Company anticipates that the total net unrecognized tax benefits will be reduced by approximately $2 million due to the recapture of SEZ Japan net operating loss reserve at the year end.
As of September 27, 2009, the Company had accrued approximately $20.5 million for the payment of gross interest and penalties, relating to unrecognized tax benefits compared to $19.1 million as of June 28, 2009. During the quarter ended September 27, 2009, gross interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits increased by $1.4 million. All of the interest and penalties were recognized in the provision for income tax.
Realization of the Companys net deferred tax assets is based upon the weight of available evidence, including such factors as the recent earnings history and expected future taxable income. The Company believes it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized with the exception of $38.1 million related to certain California and foreign deferred tax assets. However, ultimate realization could be negatively impacted by market conditions and other variables not known or anticipated at this time. If the valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets were released as of September 27, 2009, approximately $38.1 million would be credited to the statement of operations.
The IRS is examining the Companys U.S. income tax return for the fiscal year 2007. The State of California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) is examining the Companys tax returns for the fiscal years 2005 and 2006. It is anticipated that the IRS audit will be completed by the end of fiscal year 2010. As of September 27, 2009, no significant adjustments have been proposed by the IRS or FTB. The Company is unable to make a reasonable estimate as to when cash settlements, if any, with the relevant taxing authorities will occur.
The French tax authorities have examined the Companys tax returns for the fiscal years 2004 through 2006 and have proposed certain adjustments to its transfer pricing. The Company has appealed the proposed adjustments and the appeal is currently in review. The Company is currently under examination by the Japanese tax authorities for its fiscal years 2002 through 2008. The Company believes it has made adequate tax payments and accrued adequate amounts such that the outcome of these audits will have no material adverse effects on its results of operations or financial condition.
17
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 11 NET INCOME PER SHARE
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed, using the treasury stock method, as though all potential common shares that are dilutive were outstanding during the period. The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted computations for net income per share.
Three Months Ended | ||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 | |||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||
Numerator: |
||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,797 | $ | 8,873 | ||
Denominator: |
||||||
Basic average shares outstanding |
126,774 | 125,527 | ||||
Effect of potential dilutive securities: |
||||||
Employee stock plans |
1,116 | 1,292 | ||||
Diluted average shares outstanding |
127,890 | 126,819 | ||||
Net income per share Basic |
$ | 0.13 | $ | 0.07 | ||
Net income per share Diluted |
$ | 0.13 | $ | 0.07 | ||
For purposes of computing diluted net income per share, weighted-average common shares do not include potential dilutive securities that are anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. The following potential dilutive securities were excluded:
Three Months Ended | ||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 | |||
(in thousands) | ||||
Number of potential dilutive securities excluded |
136 | 243 | ||
NOTE 12 COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The components of comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,797 | $ | 8,873 | ||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
13,800 | (48,229 | ) | |||||
Unrealized loss on fair value of derivative financial instruments, net |
(715 | ) | (4,730 | ) | ||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on financial instruments, net |
1,280 | (2,836 | ) | |||||
Reclassification adjustment for loss (gain) included in earnings |
(72 | ) | 607 | |||||
Postretirement benefit plan adjustment |
51 | 35 | ||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) |
$ | 31,141 | $ | (46,280 | ) | |||
The balance of accumulated other comprehensive loss is as follows:
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Accumulated foreign currency translation adjustment |
$ | (38,175 | ) | $ | (51,975 | ) | ||
Accumulated unrealized gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments |
(696 | ) | 15 | |||||
Accumulated unrealized gain on financial instruments |
1,410 | 206 | ||||||
Postretirement benefit plan adjustment |
(1,017 | ) | (1,068 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
$ | (38,478 | ) | $ | (52,822 | ) | ||
18
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 13 LONG-TERM DEBT AND GUARANTEES
The Companys contractual cash obligations relating to its existing capital leases and debt as of September 27, 2009 are as follows:
Capital Leases |
Long- term Debt |
Total | |||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||
Payments due by period: |
|||||||||
One year |
$ | 2,030 | $ | 9,828 | $ | 11,858 | |||
Two years |
1,994 | 8,697 | 10,691 | ||||||
Three years |
2,002 | 6,756 | 8,758 | ||||||
Four years |
1,922 | 1,842 | 3,764 | ||||||
Five years |
1,741 | | 1,741 | ||||||
Over 5 years |
12,816 | | 12,816 | ||||||
Total |
22,505 | 27,123 | 49,628 | ||||||
Interest on capital leases |
2,472 | 2,472 | |||||||
Current portion of long-term debt and capital leases |
1,541 | 9,828 | 11,369 | ||||||
Long-term debt and capital leases |
$ | 18,492 | $ | 17,295 | $ | 35,787 | |||
Capital Leases
Capital leases reflect building lease obligations and an office equipment lease. The amounts in the table above include the interest portion of payment obligations.
Long-Term Debt
The Companys total long-term debt of $27.1 million as of September 27, 2009 consists of various bank loans and government subsidized technology loans supporting operating needs.
Operating Leases
The Company leases most of its administrative, R&D and manufacturing facilities, regional sales/service offices and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases, which expire at various dates through fiscal year 2016. Certain of the Companys facility leases for buildings located at its Fremont, California headquarters and certain other facility leases provide the Company with an option to extend the leases for additional periods or to purchase the facilities. Certain of the Companys facility leases provide for periodic rent increases based on the general rate of inflation.
On December 18, 2007, and as amended on April 3, 2008 and July 9, 2008, the Company entered into a series of two operating leases (the Livermore Leases) regarding certain improved properties in Livermore, California. On December 21, 2007, the Company entered into a series of four amended and restated operating leases (the New Fremont Leases, and collectively with the Livermore Leases, the Operating Leases) with regard to certain improved properties at the Companys headquarters in Fremont, California. Each of the Operating Leases is an off-balance sheet arrangement. The Operating Leases (and associated documents for each Operating Lease) were entered into by the Company and BNP Paribas Leasing Corporation (BNPPLC).
Each Livermore Lease facility has an approximately seven-year term ending on the first business day in January 2015. Each New Fremont Lease has an approximately seven-year term ending on the first business day in January 2015. Under each Operating Lease, the Company may, at its discretion and with 30 days notice, elect to purchase the property that is the subject of the Operating Lease for an amount approximating the sum required to prepay the amount of BNPPLCs investment in the property and any accrued but unpaid rent. Any such amount may also include an additional make-whole amount for early redemption of the outstanding investment, which will vary depending on prevailing interest rates at the time of prepayment.
The Company is required, pursuant to the terms of the Operating Leases and associated documents, to maintain collateral in an aggregate of approximately $164.9 million in separate interest-bearing accounts as security for the Companys obligations under the Operating Leases. As of September 27, 2009, the Company had $164.9 million recorded as restricted cash in its consolidated balance sheet as collateral required under the lease agreements related to the amounts currently outstanding on the facility.
Upon expiration of the term of an Operating Lease, the property subject to that Operating Lease may be remarketed. The Company has guaranteed to BNPPLC that each property will have a certain minimum residual value, as set forth in the applicable Operating Lease. The aggregate guarantee made by the Company under the Operating Leases is no more than approximately $141.7 million (although, under certain default circumstances, the guarantee with regard to an Operating Lease may be 100% of BNPPLCs investment in the applicable property; in the aggregate, the amounts payable under such guarantees will be no more than $164.9 million plus related indemnification or other obligations).
19
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
The lessor under the lease agreements is a substantive independent leasing company that does not have the characteristics of a variable interest entity (VIE) and is therefore not consolidated by the Company.
The remaining operating lease balances primarily relate to non-cancelable facility-related operating leases.
Guarantees
The Company has issued certain indemnifications to its lessors for taxes and general liability under some of its agreements. The Company has entered into certain insurance contracts which may limit its exposure to such indemnifications. As of September 27, 2009, the Company has not recorded any liability on its consolidated financial statements in connection with these indemnifications, as it does not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any amounts will be paid under these guarantees.
Generally, the Company indemnifies, under pre-determined conditions and limitations, its customers for infringement of third-party intellectual property rights by the Companys products or services. The Company seeks to limit its liability for such indemnity to an amount not to exceed the sales price of the products or services subject to its indemnification obligations. The Company does not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any material amounts will be paid under these guarantees.
Warranties
The Company offers standard warranties on its systems that generally run for a period of 12 months from system acceptance. The liability amount is based on actual historical warranty spending by type of system, customer, and geographic region, modified for any known differences such as the impact of system reliability improvements.
Changes in the Companys product warranty reserves were as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 21,185 | $ | 61,308 | ||||
Warranties issued during the period |
4,943 | 5,216 | ||||||
Settlements made during the period |
(4,626 | ) | (10,271 | ) | ||||
Expirations and change in liability for pre-existing warranties during the period |
(1,777 | ) | (8,915 | ) | ||||
Changes in foreign currency exchange rates |
425 | (1,271 | ) | |||||
Balance at end of period |
$ | 20,150 | $ | 46,067 | ||||
NOTE 14 RESTRUCTURING AND ASSET IMPAIRMENTS
During the June 2008 quarter the Company incurred restructuring expenses and asset impairment charges related to the integration of SEZ and overall streamlining of the Companys combined Clean Product Group (June 2008 Plan). The Company incurred additional expenses under the June 2008 Plan during the quarter ended September 28, 2008. The charges during the June 2008 quarter included severance and related benefits costs, excess facilities-related costs and certain asset impairments associated with the Companys initial product line integration road maps. The charges during the September 2008 quarter primarily included severance and related benefits costs and certain asset impairments associated with the Companys product line integration road maps.
During the December 2008 quarter the Company incurred restructuring expenses and asset impairment charges designed to better align the Companys cost structure with its business opportunities in consideration of market and economic uncertainties (December 2008 Plan). The charges during the December 2008 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments. The Company incurred additional expenses under the December 2008 Plan during the September 2009 quarter consisting of severance and related benefits costs.
During the March 2009 quarter the Company incurred restructuring expenses and asset impairment charges designed to align the Companys cost structure with its outlook for the current economic environment and future business opportunities (March 2009 Plan). The charges during the March 2009 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments. The Company incurred additional expenses under the March 2009 Plan during the quarter ended June 28, 2009. The charges during the June 2009 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments. The Company incurred additional expenses under the March 2009 Plan during the quarter ended September 27, 2009. The charges during the September quarter consisted of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs.
20
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
Prior to the end of each of the quarters noted above, the Company initiated the announced restructuring activities and management, with the proper level of authority, approved specific actions under the June 2008 Plan, December 2008 Plan, and March 2009 Plan. Severance packages to affected employees were communicated in enough detail such that the employees could determine their type and amount of benefit. The termination of the affected employees occurred as soon as practical after the restructuring plans were announced. The amount of remaining future lease payments for facilities the Company ceased to use and included in the restructuring charges is based on managements estimates using known prevailing real estate market conditions at that time based, in part, on the opinions of independent real estate experts. Leasehold improvements relating to the vacated buildings were written off, as these items will have no future economic benefit to the Company and have been abandoned.
Accounting for restructuring activities, as compared to regular operating cost management activities, requires an evaluation of formally committed and approved plans. Restructuring activities have comparatively greater strategic significance and materiality and may involve exit activities, whereas regular cost containment activities are more tactical in nature and are rarely characterized by formal and integrated action plans or exiting a particular product, facility, or service.
The Company recorded net restructuring charges during the three months ended September 27, 2009 of approximately $2.1 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $0.6 million and charges for the present value of remaining lease payments, net of sublease income, on vacated facilities of $1.5 million. The $2.1 million restructuring charge was recorded in operating expenses in the Companys condensed consolidated statement of operations.
The Company recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during the quarter ended September 28, 2008 quarter of approximately $19.0 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $12.5 million. The Company also recorded additional asset impairments related to product line integration road maps of $6.5 million. Of the total $19.0 million in charges, $3.0 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $16.0 million was recorded in operating expenses in the Companys consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended September 28, 2008.
Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the June 2008 Plan:
Severance and Benefits |
Facilities | Total | |||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||
Balance at June 28, 2009 |
$ | 567 | $ | 26 | $ | 593 | |||||
Cash payments |
(525 | ) | | (525 | ) | ||||||
Balance at September 27, 2009 |
$ | 42 | $ | 26 | $ | 68 | |||||
Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the December 2008 Plan:
Severance and Benefits |
Total | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance at June 28, 2009 |
$ | 684 | $ | 684 | ||||
Fiscal year 2010 expense |
105 | 105 | ||||||
Cash payments |
(285 | ) | (285 | ) | ||||
Balance at September 27, 2009 |
$ | 504 | $ | 504 | ||||
Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the March 2009 Plan:
Severance and Benefits |
Facilities | Total | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Balance at June 28, 2009 |
$ | 3,925 | $ | 437 | $ | 4,362 | ||||||
Fiscal year 2010 expense |
479 | 1,510 | 1,989 | |||||||||
Cash payments |
(2,765 | ) | (1,421 | ) | (4,186 | ) | ||||||
Balance at September 27, 2009 |
$ | 1,639 | $ | 526 | $ | 2,165 | ||||||
The severance and benefits-related balances are anticipated to be paid by the end of fiscal year 2010. The facilities balance consists primarily of lease payments, net of sublease income, on vacated buildings and is expected to be paid by the end of fiscal year 2015.
21
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
September 27, 2009
(Unaudited)
NOTE 15 STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM
On September 8, 2008, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $250 million of Company common stock from the public market or in private purchases. While the repurchase program does not have a defined termination date, it may be suspended or discontinued at any time, and is funded using the Companys available cash. The Company suspended repurchases under the program during the December 2008 quarter. The Company did not repurchase any shares under the Board authorized program during the three months ended September 27, 2009. However, during the same period, the Company withheld 78,922 shares through net share settlements upon the vesting of restricted stock unit awards granted under the Companys equity compensation plans to cover tax withholding obligations. The repurchases effected through this withholding are not a part of the Board-authorized program but instead are authorized under the Companys equity compensation plans.
NOTE 16: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, the Company has received notices from third parties alleging infringement of such parties patent or other intellectual property rights by the Companys products. In such cases it is the Companys policy to defend the claims, or if considered appropriate, negotiate licenses on commercially reasonable terms. However, no assurance can be given that the Company will be able in the future to negotiate necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any litigation resulting from such claims would not have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated financial position or operating results.
NOTE 17: SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated subsequent events through November 5, 2009, the date of issuance of the condensed consolidated financial statements. During the period from September 27, 2009 to November 5, 2009, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events.
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ITEM 2. | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
With the exception of historical facts, the statements contained in this discussion are forward-looking statements, which are subject to the safe harbor provisions created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Certain, but not all, of the forward-looking statements in this report are specifically identified. The identification of certain statements as forward-looking is not intended to mean that other statements not specifically identified are not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that relate to: trends in the global economic environment and the semiconductor industry; our future shipments, revenue and operating expenses generally; the future revenue value of shipments; customer requirements and our ability to satisfy those requirements; customer capital spending and their demand for our products; our ability to defend our market share and to win new market share; the level of international sales (including but not limited to as a percentage of revenue); levels of research and development expenditures; our ability to manage our expenditures and our cash position; effectiveness of restructuring activities in reducing expenses; adequacy of prior tax payments, future tax liabilities and the adequacy of our accruals relating to them; future obligations under guarantees and indemnities; estimated future lives of intangible assets; future amortization expenses; our access to capital markets; and the sufficiency of our financial resources to support future business activities (including but not limited to operations, investments, debt service requirements and capital expenditures). Such statements are based on current expectations and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and changes in condition, significance, value, and effect, including without limitation those discussed below under the heading Risk Factors within Part II Item 1A and elsewhere in this report and other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), such as our annual reports on Form 10-K and our current reports on Form 8-K. Such risks, uncertainties and changes in condition, significance, value, and effect could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed herein and in ways not readily foreseeable. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof and are based on information currently and reasonably known to us. We undertake no obligation to release the results of any revisions to these forward-looking statements, which may be made to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence or effect of anticipated or unanticipated events.
Documents To Review In Connection With Managements Discussion and Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations
For a full understanding of our financial position and results of operations for the three months ended September 27, 2009, this discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes presented in this Form 10-Q and the financial statements and notes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 28, 2009.
Overview
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations consists of the following sections:
Executive Summary provides a summary of key highlights of our results of operations
Results of Operations provides an analysis of operating results
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates discusses accounting policies that reflect the more significant judgments and estimates we use to prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements
Liquidity and Capital Resources provides an analysis of cash flows, contractual obligations and financial position
23
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
We design, manufacture, market, and service semiconductor processing equipment used to fabricate integrated circuits. We are recognized as a major provider of such equipment to the worldwide semiconductor industry. Semiconductor wafers undergo a complex series of process and preparation steps that result in the simultaneous creation of many individual integrated circuits. We leverage our expertise in these areas to develop integrated and standalone processing solutions that typically benefit our customers through reduced cost, lower defect rates, enhanced yields, or faster processing time as well as by facilitating their ability to meet more stringent performance and design standards.
The demand for semiconductor manufacturing equipment is cyclical in nature and has historically experienced significant periodic upturns and downturns. Demand is dependent in part on overall world economic conditions. Other factors that influence demand for our products include, but are not limited to, general supply and demand (including demand for the products that our customers manufacture), prices for semiconductors, customer capacity requirements and our ability to develop and market competitive products. For these and other reasons, our results of operations for the three months ended September 27, 2009 may not necessarily be indicative of future operating results.
Recent adverse conditions in the global economy have significantly reduced customer demand for our products in recent quarters. While our ability to predict the demand for wafer fabrication equipment in the future is limited, we believe that, over the long term, demand for our products will increase as customers capital expenditures increase to meet demand for semiconductor devices. However, our visibility for shipment volumes over the next few quarters remains limited. As a result, any forecast about equipment spending in the near term is subject to a high degree of uncertainty.
The following summarizes certain key financial information for the periods indicated below:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data and percentages) |
||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 318,548 | $ | 217,764 | $ | 440,361 | ||||||
Gross margin |
136,770 | 67,757 | 183,110 | |||||||||
Gross margin as a percent of total revenue |
42.9 | % | 31.1 | % | 41.6 | % | ||||||
Net income (loss) |
16,797 | (88,490 | ) | 8,873 | ||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share |
$ | 0.13 | $ | (0.70 | ) | $ | 0.07 |
Our results for the September 2009 quarter reflect continued improvement in the global business environment and in the semiconductor industry, as evidenced by improved foundry fab utilization at the leading-edge technology nodes and an increase in the rate of next-generation DRAM and NAND wafer starts by leading memory companies.
During calendar year 2009, we maintained our investments in new product research and development (R&D) and continued our focus on improving customer productivity in our installed base and on delivering continuously improved high-performance, lower-cost designs for our products. We have also focused on defending application-based market share and winning new application share.
While conditions in our industry have clearly improved, we cannot predict the robustness of the macroeconomic recovery. The electronics and semiconductor industries remain very linked to worldwide GDP and consumer spending, and while we will continue to use our operational flexibility and rapid response capabilities to meet the shipment needs of our customers, we will remain cautious with the level of our expenditures. Going forward, we plan to continue our strong focus on managing and growing our cash position.
Our results during the quarter ended September 27, 2009 reflected growth in customer requirements for new capacity and an increase in our installed-base business through higher utilization levels. Despite the sequential upturn, revenue for the September 2009 quarter was still well below revenue for the quarter ended September 28, 2008, due to adverse conditions in the global economy during late 2008 and the first half of 2009.
24
In the quarter ended September 27, 2009, gross margin as a percent of revenues increased to 42.9% compared to 31.1% in the quarter ended June 28, 2009. This improvement was primarily due to improved factory utilization as a result of increased business volume and a more favorable product mix. Additionally, we recorded a credit of $5 million in the September 2009 quarter related to a partial settlement of matters associated with our 409A expenses from the 2007 options review.
Operating expenses in the September 2009 quarter decreased $25 million sequentially primarily due to a partial settlement of matters associated with our 409A expenses from the 2007 options review. Additionally, we recorded a charge of $7 million in the June 2009 quarter for goodwill impairment related to our Clean Product Group.
Our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted cash and investments totaled approximately $761 million as of September 27, 2009 compared to $758 million as of June 28, 2009. Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $3 million during the September 2009 quarter compared to net cash used for operating activities of $58 million during the June 2009 quarter and net cash provided by operating activities of $43 million during the September 2008 quarter.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Shipments
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
||||||||||
Shipments (in millions) |
$ | 355 | $ | 246 | $ | 345 | ||||||
North America |
10 | % | 16 | % | 15 | % | ||||||
Europe |
6 | % | 8 | % | 11 | % | ||||||
Japan |
18 | % | 17 | % | 18 | % | ||||||
Korea |
24 | % | 16 | % | 29 | % | ||||||
Taiwan |
31 | % | 30 | % | 16 | % | ||||||
Asia Pacific |
11 | % | 13 | % | 11 | % |
Shipments for the September 2009 quarter met our anticipated range and increased 44% compared to the June 2009 quarter and 3% year over year. During the September 2009 quarter, 300 millimeter applications represented approximately 95% of total systems shipments, and 94% of total systems shipments were for applications at less than or equal to the 65 nanometer technology node. We classify total systems shipments market segmentation for the September quarter as Memory at approximately 58%, Integrated Device Manufacturers and Logic at 14%, and Foundry at 28%.
Revenue
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
||||||||||
Revenue (in thousands) |
$ | 318,548 | $ | 217,764 | $ | 440,361 | ||||||
North America |
9 | % | 18 | % | 15 | % | ||||||
Europe |
7 | % | 10 | % | 10 | % | ||||||
Japan |
18 | % | 17 | % | 17 | % | ||||||
Korea |
23 | % | 14 | % | 27 | % | ||||||
Taiwan |
29 | % | 29 | % | 14 | % | ||||||
Asia Pacific |
14 | % | 12 | % | 17 | % |
Revenue for September 2009 exceeded our expectations and increased 46% compared to the June 2009 quarter and decreased 28% year over year. Our revenue levels are correlated to the amount of our shipments and installation and acceptance timelines. The overall Asia region continues to account for a significant portion of our revenues as a substantial amount of the worldwide capacity additions for semiconductor manufacturing continues to occur in this region. Our deferred revenue balance increased to $89.7 million as of September 27, 2009 compared to $64.7 million as of June 28, 2009. Our deferred revenue balance does not include shipments to Japanese customers, to whom title does not transfer until customer acceptance. Shipments to Japanese customers are classified as inventory at cost until the time of acceptance. The anticipated future revenue value from shipments to Japanese customers was approximately $23 million as of September 27, 2009 compared to $13 million as of June 28, 2009.
25
Gross Margin
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||
Gross Margin |
$ | 136,770 | 67,757 | 183,110 | ||||||
Percent of total revenue |
42.9 | % | 31.1 | % | 41.6 | % |
Gross margin as a percent of revenue for the September 2009 quarter was 42.9%. The gross margin during the September 2009 quarter increased compared to the June 2009 quarter due to improved factory utilization and a more favorable product mix as the proportion of revenue attributed to systems increased. Additionally, we recorded a credit of $5 million in the September 2009 quarter related to a partial settlement of matters associated with our 409A expenses from the 2007 options review. The reduction in gross margin dollars in the three months ended September 27, 2009 compared with the same period in the prior year was primarily due to lower customer utilization of their factories associated with the deteriorating economic environment. Additionally, September 2008 gross margin included restructuring and asset impairment charges of $3 million.
Research and Development
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||
Research & Development (R&D) |
$ | 71,199 | $ | 67,491 | $ | 81,563 | ||||||
Percent of total revenue |
22.4 | % | 31.0 | % | 18.5 | % |
We continue to invest significantly in R&D focused on plasma etch, single wafer clean and new products. The increase in R&D expenses during the September 2009 quarter compared to the June 2009 quarter is mainly due to an increase of $2 million in supplies and outside services and $3 million in benefits and other employee compensation.
The decline in R&D expenses for the three months ended September 27, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year was mainly due to an approximately $2 million reduction in salary and benefits related to cost savings measures and a $7 million decline in outside services and supplies.
Selling, General and Administrative
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||
Selling, General & Administrative (SG&A) |
$ | 52,199 | $ | 47,248 | $ | 68,299 | ||||||
Percent of total revenue |
16.4 | % | 21.7 | % | 15.5 | % |
The sequential increase in SG&A expenses during the September 2009 quarter was primarily due to increases of approximately $2 million in employee compensation and $2 million in outside services and supplies.
The decrease in SG&A expenses for the three months ended September 27, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year was driven by reductions of approximately $11 million in employee-related expenses associated with prior restructuring activities and other cost reduction activities, a decrease of $2 million in rent and utilities due to lower interest rates on certain leases, and a reduction of approximately $2 million in outside services.
Restructuring and Asset Impairments
During the June 2008 quarter we incurred restructuring expenses and asset impairment charges related to the integration of SEZ and overall streamlining of our combined Clean Product Group (June 2008 Plan). We incurred additional expenses under the June 2008 Plan during the quarter ended September 28, 2008. The charges during the June 2008 quarter included severance and related benefits costs, excess facilities-related costs and certain asset impairments associated with our initial product line integration road maps. The charges during the September 2008 quarter primarily included severance and related benefits costs and certain asset impairments associated with our product line integration road maps.
During the December 2008 quarter we incurred restructuring expenses and asset impairment charges designed to better align our cost structure with our business opportunities in consideration of market and economic uncertainties (December 2008 Plan). The charges during the December 2008 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments. We incurred additional expenses under the December 2008 Plan during the September 2009 quarter consisting of severance and related benefits costs.
26
During the March 2009 quarter we incurred restructuring expenses and asset impairment charges designed to align our cost structure with our outlook for the current economic environment and future business opportunities (March 2009 Plan). The charges during the March 2009 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments. We incurred additional expenses under the March 2009 Plan during the September 2009 quarter. The charges during the September 2009 quarter consisted of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs.
Prior to the end of each quarter noted above, we initiated the announced restructuring activities and management, with the proper level of authority, approved specific actions under the June 2008 Plan, December 2008 Plan, and March 2009 Plan. Severance packages to affected employees were communicated in enough detail such that the employees could determine their type and amount of benefit. The termination of the affected employees occurred as soon as practical after the restructuring plans were announced. The amount of remaining future lease payments for facilities we ceased to use and included in the restructuring charges is based on managements estimates using known prevailing real estate market conditions at that time based, in part, on the opinions of independent real estate experts. Leasehold improvements relating to the vacated buildings were written off, as these items will have no future economic benefit to the Company and have been abandoned.
Accounting for restructuring activities, as compared to regular operating cost management activities, requires an evaluation of formally committed and approved plans. Restructuring activities have comparatively greater strategic significance and materiality and may involve exit activities, whereas regular cost containment activities are more tactical in nature and are rarely characterized by formal and integrated action plans or exiting a particular product, facility, or service.
We recorded net restructuring charges during the three months ended September 27, 2009 of approximately $2.1 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $0.6 million and charges for the present value of remaining lease payments, net of sublease income, on vacated facilities of $1.5 million. The $2.1 million restructuring charge was recorded in operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.
We recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during the September 2008 quarter of approximately $19.0 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $12.5 million. We also recorded additional asset impairments related to product line integration road maps of $6.5 million. Of the total $19.0 million in charges, $3.0 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $16.0 million was recorded in operating expenses in our consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended September 28, 2008.
Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the June 2008 Plan:
Severance and Benefits |
Facilities | Total | |||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||
Balance at June 28, 2009 |
$ | 567 | $ | 26 | $ | 593 | |||||
Cash payments |
(525 | ) | | (525 | ) | ||||||
Balance at September 27, 2009 |
$ | 42 | $ | 26 | $ | 68 | |||||
Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the December 2008 Plan:
Severance and Benefits |
Total | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance at June 28, 2009 |
$ | 684 | $ | 684 | ||||
Fiscal year 2010 expense |
105 | 105 | ||||||
Cash payments |
(285 | ) | (285 | ) | ||||
Balance at September 27, 2009 |
$ | 504 | $ | 504 | ||||
27
Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the March 2009 Plan:
Severance and Benefits |
Facilities | Total | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Balance at June 28, 2009 |
$ | 3,925 | $ | 437 | $ | 4,362 | ||||||
Fiscal year 2010 expense |
479 | 1,510 | 1,989 | |||||||||
Cash payments |
(2,765 | ) | (1,421 | ) | (4,186 | ) | ||||||
Balance at September 27, 2009 |
$ | 1,639 | $ | 526 | $ | 2,165 | ||||||
The severance and benefits-related balances are anticipated to be paid by the end of fiscal year 2010. The facilities balance consists primarily of lease payments, net of sublease income, on vacated buildings and is expected to be paid by the end of fiscal year 2015.
409A Expense
Following the voluntary independent review of our historical option grant process, we considered whether Section 409A (Section 409A) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (IRC) and similar provisions of state law would apply to certain stock option grants that were found to have intrinsic value at the time of their respective measurement dates. If a stock option is not considered as issued with an exercise price of at least the fair market value of the underlying stock, it may be subject to penalty taxes under Section 409A and similar provisions of state law. In such a case, such taxes may be assessed not only on the intrinsic value increase, but on the entire stock option gain as measured at various times. On March 30, 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the Company to assume potential tax liabilities of certain employees, including our Chief Executive Officer and certain other executive officers, relating to options that might be subject to Section 409A and similar provisions of state law. The assumed Section 409A liability was $53.7 million as of June 28, 2009.
During the quarter ended September 27, 2009, we finalized a portion of the Section 409A liabilities which resulted in a reduction of the liability and net credits recognized in the statements of operations of $(5.5) million recorded in cost of goods sold and $(17.9) million recorded in operating expenses . The remaining assumed Section 409A liability, including accrued legal fees, at September 27, 2009 was $30.0 million. The determinations from the voluntary independent stock option review are more fully described in Note 3, Restatement of Consolidated Financial Statements to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of our 2007 Form 10-K and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of our 2007 Form 10-K.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 27, 2009 |
June 28, 2009 |
September 28, 2008 |
||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Interest income |
$ | 2,048 | $ | 2,995 | $ | 7,796 | ||||||
Interest expense |
(189 | ) | (316 | ) | (2,553 | ) | ||||||
Foreign exchange gains (losses) |
(1,794 | ) | 310 | 3,266 | ||||||||
Other, net |
(433 | ) | (118 | ) | 508 | |||||||
$ | (368 | ) | $ | 2,871 | $ | 9,017 | ||||||
Interest income decreased during the three months ended September 27, 2009 and June 28, 2009 compared with the three months ended September 28, 2008 and was primarily attributable to decreases in interest rate yields and decreases in our average cash and investment balances used to fund operating needs.
During the three months ended September 27, 2009, our interest expense decreased compared with the corresponding three month period ended September 28, 2008 primarily as a result of our $250.0 million loan payment to ABN AMRO during the 2009 fiscal year and to a lesser extent decreases in interest rates.
Included in foreign exchange loss during the three months ended September 27, 2009 was $1.7 million of losses associated with the Companys foreign currency denominated liabilities with non U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries where the U.S. dollar weakened against certain currencies, primarily the Swiss franc and, to a lesser extent, the Euro.
The foreign exchange gains during the three months ended September 28, 2008 were primarily due to our foreign currency denominated liabilities with non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries where the U.S. dollar strengthened against certain currencies, primarily the Euro and Taiwan dollar.
28
Income Tax Expense
Our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 27, 2009 was 41.8%. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 28, 2008 was 65.3%. We recorded the following material discrete events during the September 2009 quarter: (1) a tax expense of $9.3 million related to a settlement of 409A liabilities, (2) a tax expense of $1.5 million related to a change in valuation allowance with respect to a California R&D credit, (3) a tax expense of $1.0 million for interest related to uncertain tax positions, and (4) a tax benefit of $1.0 million for adjustments related to the filing of prior year foreign tax returns.
The decrease in the effective tax rate is primarily due to the more favorable geographical mix of income in lower and higher tax jurisdictions and the impact of discrete events.
The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which contains the Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008, was enacted on October 3, 2008 by the U.S. government. Under the Act, the research tax credit was retroactively extended for amounts paid or incurred after December 31, 2007 and before January 1, 2010. As a result, during the three months ended September 27, 2009, we forecasted a $4.5 million annual tax benefit related to the availability of the federal research credit as it pertains to our fiscal year 2009.
Our effective tax rate is based on our current profitability outlook and our expectations of earnings from operations in various tax jurisdictions throughout the world. We have implemented strategies intended to minimize our tax liability on the sale of our products worldwide. These tax strategies are intended to align the asset ownership and functions of our various legal entities around the world with our forecasts of the level, timing and sources of future revenues and profits.
Deferred Income Taxes
We had gross deferred tax assets, related primarily to reserves and accruals that are not currently deductible and tax credit carryforwards, of $144.6 million and $157 million as of September 27, 2009 and June 28, 2009, respectively. The gross deferred tax assets were offset by deferred tax liabilities of $41.9 million and a valuation allowance of $38.1 million as of September 27, 2009.
Deferred tax assets decreased from June 28, 2009 to September 27, 2009 by approximately $12.4 million primarily related to release in 409A accrual, certain foreign tax return true ups, and 2008 amended tax return adjustments.
We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Realization of our net deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income. We believe it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized; however, ultimate realization could be negatively impacted by market conditions and other variables not known or anticipated at this time. In the event that we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets, an adjustment would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. Likewise, if we later determine that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be realized, then the previously provided valuation allowance would be reversed. Our current valuation allowance of $38.1 million relates to certain California and foreign deferred tax assets.
As part of the valuation allowance recorded in fiscal year 2009, we recorded a valuation allowance on certain California deferred tax assets reflecting the potential impacts of the new California law related to the repeal of the cost of performance sales factor sourcing rule and the single sales factor apportionment election (both passed February 20, 2009, effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2011). In addition, we recorded a valuation allowance against certain foreign deferred tax assets.
We reevaluate uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision.
29
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
A critical accounting policy is defined as one that has both a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations and requires us to make difficult, complex and/or subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make certain judgments, estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be applicable and evaluate them on an ongoing basis to ensure they remain reasonable under current conditions. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
We believe that the following critical accounting policies reflect the more significant judgments and estimates we use in preparing our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition: We recognize all revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred and title has passed or services have been rendered, the selling price is fixed or determinable, collection of the receivable is reasonably assured, and we have completed our system installation obligations, received customer acceptance or are otherwise released from our installation or customer acceptance obligations. In the event that terms of the sale provide for a lapsing customer acceptance period, we recognize revenue upon the expiration of the lapsing acceptance period or customer acceptance, whichever occurs first. In circumstances where the practices of a customer do not provide for a written acceptance or the terms of sale do not include a lapsing acceptance provision, we recognize revenue where it can be reliably demonstrated that the delivered system meets all of the agreed-to customer specifications. In situations with multiple deliverables, revenue is recognized upon the delivery of the separate elements to the customer and when we receive customer acceptance or are otherwise released from our customer acceptance obligations. Revenue from multiple-element arrangements is allocated among the separate elements based on their relative fair values, provided the elements have value on a stand-alone basis, there is objective and reliable evidence of fair value, the arrangement does not include a general right of return relative to the delivered item and delivery, or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in our control. The maximum revenue recognized on a delivered element is limited to the amount that is not contingent upon the delivery of additional items. Revenue related to sales of spare parts and system upgrade kits is generally recognized upon shipment. Revenue related to services is generally recognized upon completion of the services requested by a customer order. Revenue for extended maintenance service contracts with a fixed payment amount is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract.
Inventory Valuation: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market using standard costs which generally approximate actual costs on a first-in, first-out basis. We maintain a perpetual inventory system and continuously record the quantity on-hand and standard cost for each product, including purchased components, subassemblies, and finished goods. We maintain the integrity of perpetual inventory records through periodic physical counts of quantities on hand. Finished goods are reported as inventories until the point of title transfer to the customer. Generally, title transfer is documented in the terms of sale. When the terms of sale do not specify title transfer, we assume title transfers when we complete physical transfer of the products to the freight carrier unless other customer practices prevail. Transfer of title for shipments to Japanese customers generally occurs at the time of customer acceptance.
Standard costs are reassessed as needed but annually at a minimum, and reflect achievable acquisition costs. Acquisition costs are generally based on the most recent vendor contract prices for purchased parts, normalized assembly and test labor utilization levels, methods of manufacturing, and normalized overhead. Manufacturing labor and overhead costs are attributed to individual product standard costs at a level planned to absorb spending at average utilization volumes. All intercompany profits related to the sales and purchases of inventory between our legal entities are eliminated from our consolidated financial statements.
Management evaluates the need to record adjustments for impairment of inventory at least quarterly. Our policy is to assess the valuation of all inventories including manufacturing raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and spare parts in each reporting period. Obsolete inventory or inventory in excess of managements estimated usage requirements over the next 12 to 36 months is written down to its estimated market value if less than cost. Estimates of market value include, but are not limited to, managements forecasts related to our future manufacturing schedules, customer demand, technological and/or market obsolescence, general semiconductor market conditions, and possible alternative uses. If future customer demand or market conditions are less favorable than our projections, additional inventory write-downs may be required and would be reflected in cost of sales in the period the revision is made.
Warranty: Typically, the sale of semiconductor capital equipment includes providing parts and service warranty to customers as part of the overall price of the system. We offer standard warranties for our systems that generally run for a period of 12 months from system acceptance. When appropriate, we record a provision for estimated warranty expenses to cost of sales for each system upon revenue recognition. The amount recorded is based on an analysis of historical activity which uses factors such as type of system, customer, geographic region, and any known factors such as tool reliability trends. All actual or estimated parts and labor costs incurred in subsequent periods are charged to those established reserves on a system-by-system basis.
Actual warranty expenses are accounted for on a system-by-system basis, and may differ from our original estimates. While we periodically monitor the performance and cost of warranty activities, if actual costs incurred are different than our estimates, we may recognize adjustments to provisions in the period in which those differences arise or are identified. We do not maintain general or unspecified reserves; all warranty reserves are related to specific systems. In addition to the provision of standard warranties, we offer customer-paid extended warranty services. Revenues for extended maintenance and warranty services with a fixed payment amount are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. Related costs are recorded either as incurred or when related liabilities are determined to be probable and estimable.
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Equity-based Compensation Employee Stock Purchase Plan and Employee Stock Plans: U.S. GAAP requires the recognition of the fair value of equity-based compensation in net income. The fair value of our restricted stock units was calculated based upon the fair market value of Company stock at the date of grant. The fair value of our stock options and ESPP awards was estimated using a Black-Scholes option valuation model. This model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including expected stock price volatility and the estimated life of each award. The fair value of equity- based awards is amortized over the vesting period of the award and we have elected to use the straight-line method of amortization.
We make quarterly assessments of the adequacy of our tax credit pool related to equity-based compensation to determine if there are any deficiencies that require recognition in our consolidated statements of operations. We will only recognize a benefit from stock-based compensation in paid-in-capital if an incremental tax benefit is realized after all other tax attributes currently available to us have been utilized. In addition, we have elected to account for the indirect benefits of stock-based compensation on the research tax credit through the income statement (continuing operations) rather than through paid-in-capital. We have also elected to net deferred tax assets and the associated valuation allowance related to net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards for the accumulated stock award tax benefits for income tax footnote disclosure purposes. We will track these stock award attributes separately and will only recognize these attributes through paid-in-capital.
Income Taxes: Deferred income taxes reflect the net effect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Realization of our net deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income. We believe it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized; however, ultimate realization could be negatively impacted by market conditions and other variables not known or anticipated at this time. In the event that we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets, an adjustment would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. Likewise, if we later determine that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be realized, then the previously provided valuation allowance would be reversed.
We calculate our current and deferred tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that can differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed during the subsequent year. Adjustments based on filed returns are recorded when identified.
We provide for income taxes on the basis of annual estimated effective income tax rates. Our estimated effective income tax rate reflects our underlying profitability, the level of R&D spending, the regions where profits are recorded and the respective tax rates imposed. We carefully monitor these factors and adjust the effective income tax rate, if necessary. If actual results differ from estimates, we could be required to record an additional valuation allowance on deferred tax assets or adjust our effective income tax rate, which could have a material impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
In July 2006, the FASB issued guidance which defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial statements as more-likely-than-not to be sustained by the taxing authority. It provides guidance on the de-recognition, measurement and classification of income tax uncertainties, along with any related interest and penalties. This guidance also includes information concerning accounting for income tax uncertainties in interim periods and increases the level of disclosures associated with any recorded income tax uncertainties. We must make certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, benefits, and deductions, and in the calculation of certain tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes, as well as the interest and penalties relating to these uncertain tax positions. Significant changes to these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to our tax provision in a subsequent period.
In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. We recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on the two-step process prescribed within the interpretation. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as this requires us to determine the probability of various possible outcomes. We reevaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision in the period such determination is made.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets: Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually. Intangible assets with estimable useful lives are required to be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed for impairment.
We review goodwill at least annually for impairment. Should certain events or indicators of impairment occur between annual impairment tests, we would perform an impairment test of goodwill at that date. In testing for a potential impairment of goodwill, we: (1) allocate goodwill to our various reporting units to which the acquired goodwill relates; (2) estimate the fair value of our reporting units; and (3) determine the carrying value (book value) of those reporting units, as some of the assets and liabilities related to those reporting units are not held by those reporting units but by a corporate function. Furthermore, if the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying value, we must estimate the fair value of all identifiable assets and liabilities of that reporting unit, in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation for an acquired business. This can require independent valuations of certain internally generated and unrecognized intangible assets such as in-process research and development and developed technology. Only
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after this process is completed can the amount of goodwill impairment, if any, be determined. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. In estimating the fair value of a reporting unit for the purposes of our annual or periodic analyses, we make estimates and judgments about the future cash flows of that reporting unit. Although our cash flow forecasts are based on assumptions that are consistent with our plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses, there is significant judgment involved in determining the cash flows attributable to a reporting unit. In addition, we make certain judgments about allocating shared assets to the estimated balance sheets of our reporting units. We also consider our and our competitors market capitalization on the date we perform the analysis. Changes in judgment on these assumptions and estimates could result in a goodwill impairment charge.
The value assigned to intangible assets is based on estimates and judgments regarding expectations such as the success and life cycle of products and technology acquired. If actual product acceptance differs significantly from the estimates, we may be required to record an impairment charge to write down the asset to its realizable value.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) revised the authoritative guidance for business combinations, which establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. The revised guidance also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. The accounting treatment of tax benefits from acquired companies has changed under the revised guidance. Any changes to the tax benefits associated with the valuation allowance recorded in the SEZ acquisition will be recorded through income tax expense. We adopted the revised guidance on June 29, 2009 and the adoption did not have a significant impact on our results of operations or financial condition.
In December 2007, the FASB issued guidance which establishes accounting and reporting standards for the treatment of noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary. Noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary are to be reported as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements and any retained noncontrolling equity investment upon deconsolidation of a subsidiary is initially measured at fair value. We adopted the guidance on June 29, 2009 and the adoption did not have a significant impact on our results of operations or financial condition.
In April 2009, the FASB issued guidance to require publicly-traded companies, to provide disclosures on the fair value of financial instruments in interim financial statements. We adopted this guidance on June 29, 2009 and the adoption resulted in expanded disclosures but did not have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
In June 2009, the FASB issued the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (Codification). The Codification is the single source for all authoritative Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) recognized by the FASB to be applied for financial statements issued for periods ending after September 15, 2009. The Codification does not change GAAP and did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB ratified guidance from the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) regarding revenue arrangements with multiple deliverables. This guidance addresses criteria for separating the consideration in multiple-element arrangements and will require companies to allocate the overall consideration to each deliverable by using a best estimate of the selling price of individual deliverables in the arrangement in the absence of vendor-specific objective evidence or other third-party evidence of the selling price. This guidance will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010 and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, the adoption of this guidance will have on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
In September 2009, the FASB also ratified guidance from the EITF regarding certain revenue arrangements that include software elements. This guidance modifies the scope of the software revenue recognition rules to exclude (a) non-software components of tangible products and (b) software components of tangible products that are sold, licensed, or leased with tangible products when the software components and non-software components of the tangible product function together to deliver the tangible products essential functionality. This guidance will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010 and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, the adoption of this guidance will have on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As of September 27, 2009, we had $761.2 million in gross cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted cash and investments (total cash and investments) compared to $757.8 million as of June 28, 2009.
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities of $2.7 million during the three months ended September 27, 2009, consisted of (in millions):
Net income |
$ | 16.8 | ||
Non-cash charges: |
||||
Depreciation and amortization |
17.7 | |||
Equity-based compensation |
13.9 | |||
Restructuring charges, net |
2.1 | |||
Net tax benefit on equity-based compensation plans |
(0.5 | ) | ||
Deferred income taxes |
12.5 | |||
Changes in operating asset and liability accounts |
(61.0 | ) | ||
Other |
1.2 | |||
$ | 2.7 | |||
Changes in operating asset and liability accounts of $(61.0) million included the following uses of cash: an increase in accounts receivable of $70.7 million on increased business volume and a decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities of approximately $38.5 million. These uses of cash were partially offset by the following sources of cash: an increase in accounts payable of $22.9 million, an increase in deferred profit of $9.8 million, and a decrease in inventories of $17.0 million; all on increased business volume.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash used for investing activities during the three months ended September 27, 2009 was $23.1 million, primarily consisting of net purchases of available-for-sale securities of $9.8 million, the transfer of restricted cash and investments of approximately $6.6 million, and capital expenditures of $5.8 million.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended September 27, 2009 was $4.4 million, and included net proceeds from issuance of common stock related to employee equity-based plans of $8.0 million, partially offset by $2.4 in treasury stock purchases and $1.9 million in principal payments on long-term debt and capital leases.
Given the cyclical nature of the semiconductor equipment industry, we believe that maintaining sufficient liquidity reserves is important to support sustaining levels of investment in R&D and capital infrastructure. Based upon our current business outlook, we expect that our levels of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments at September 27, 2009 will be sufficient to support our presently anticipated levels of operations, investments, debt service requirements, and capital expenditures, through at least the next 12 months.
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In the longer term, liquidity will depend to a great extent on our future revenues and our ability to appropriately manage our costs based on demand for our products and services. If we require additional funding, we may need to raise the required funds through borrowings or public or private sales of debt or equity securities. We believe that, if necessary, we will be able to access the capital markets on terms and in amounts adequate to meet our objectives. However, given the possibility of changes in market conditions or other occurrences, there can be no certainty that such funding will be available in needed quantities or on terms favorable to us.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
We have certain obligations to make future payments under various contracts, some of which are recorded on our balance sheet and some of which are not. Obligations are recorded on our balance sheet in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and include our long-term debt which is outlined in the following table and noted below. Our off-balance sheet arrangements include contractual relationships and are presented as operating leases and purchase obligations in the table below. Our contractual cash obligations and commitments as of September 27, 2009 relating to these agreements and our guarantees are included in the following table. The amounts in the table below exclude $106 million of liabilities related to uncertain tax benefits as we are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate amount or time of settlement.
Operating Leases |
Capital Leases |
Purchase Obligations |
Long-term Debt and Interest Expense |
Total | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Payments due by period: |
|||||||||||||||
Less than 1 year |
$ | 8,115 | $ | 2,030 | $ | 112,078 | $ | 10,257 | $ | 132,480 | |||||
1-3 years |
7,374 | 3,996 | 57,944 | 15,852 | 85,166 | ||||||||||
3-5 years |
3,475 | 3,663 | 31,817 | 1,856 | 40,811 | ||||||||||
Over 5 years |
141,999 | 12,816 | 20,477 | | 175,292 | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | 160,963 | $ | 22,505 | $ | 222,316 | $ | 27,965 | $ | 433,749 | |||||
Operating Leases
We lease most of our administrative, R&D and manufacturing facilities, regional sales/service offices and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases, which expire at various dates through fiscal year 2016. Certain of our facility leases for buildings located at our Fremont, California headquarters and certain other facility leases provide us with an option to extend the leases for additional periods or to purchase the facilities. Certain of our facility leases provide for periodic rent increases based on the general rate of inflation.
Included in the Operating Leases Over 5 years section of the table above is $141.7 million in guaranteed residual values for lease agreements relating to certain properties at our Fremont, California campus and properties in Livermore, California.
On December 18, 2007, and as amended on April 3, 2008 and July 9, 2008, we entered into a series of two operating leases (the Livermore Leases) regarding certain improved properties in Livermore, California. On December 21, 2007, we entered into a series of four amended and restated operating leases (the New Fremont Leases, and collectively with the Livermore Leases, the Operating Leases) with regard to certain improved properties at our headquarters in Fremont, California. Each of the Operating Leases is an off-balance sheet arrangement. The Operating Leases (and associated documents for each Operating Lease) were entered into by the Company and BNP Paribas Leasing Corporation (BNPPLC).
Each Livermore Lease facility has an approximately seven-year term ending on the first business day in January 2015. Each New Fremont Lease has an approximately seven-year term ending on the first business day in January 2015. Under each Operating Lease, the Company may, at its discretion and with 30 days notice, elect to purchase the property that is the subject of the Operating Lease for an amount approximating the sum required to prepay the amount of BNPPLCs investment in the property and any accrued but unpaid rent. Any such amount may also include an additional make-whole amount for early redemption of the outstanding investment, which will vary depending on prevailing interest rates at the time of prepayment.
We are required, pursuant to the terms of the Operating Leases and associated documents, to maintain collateral in an aggregate of approximately $164.9 million in separate interest-bearing accounts as security for our obligations under the Operating Leases. As of September 27, 2009, we had $164.9 million recorded as restricted cash in our consolidated balance sheet as collateral required under the lease agreements related to the amounts currently outstanding on the facility.
Upon expiration of the term of an Operating Lease, the property subject to that Operating Lease may be remarketed. We have guaranteed to BNPPLC that each property will have a certain minimum residual value, as set forth in the applicable Operating Lease. The aggregate guarantee made by us under the Operating Leases is no more than approximately $141.7 million (although, under certain default circumstances, the guarantee with regard to an Operating Lease may be 100% of BNPPLCs investment in the applicable property; in the aggregate, the amounts payable under such guarantees will be no more than $164.9 million plus related indemnification or other obligations).
The lessor under the lease agreements is a substantive independent leasing company that does not have the characteristics of a variable interest entity (VIE) and is therefore not consolidated by us.
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The remaining operating lease balances primarily relate to non-cancelable facility-related operating leases.
Capital Leases
Capital leases reflect building lease obligations and an office equipment lease. The amounts in the table above include the interest portion of payment obligations.
Purchase Obligations
Purchase obligations consist of significant contractual obligations either on an annual basis or over multi-year periods related to our outsourcing activities or other material commitments, including vendor-consigned inventories. We continue to enter into new agreements and maintain existing agreements to outsource certain activities, including elements of our manufacturing, warehousing, logistics, facilities maintenance, certain information technology functions, and certain transactional general and administrative functions. The contractual cash obligations and commitments table presented above contains our obligations at September 27, 2009 under these arrangements and others. Actual expenditures will vary based on the volume of transactions and length of contractual service provided. In addition to these obligations, certain of these agreements include early termination provisions and/or cancellation penalties which could increase or decrease amounts actually paid.
Consignment inventories, which are owned by vendors but located in our storage locations and warehouses, are not reported as our inventory until title is transferred to us or our purchase obligation is determined. At September 27, 2009, vendor-owned inventories held at our locations and not reported as our inventory were $17.1 million.
Long-Term Debt
Our total long-term debt of $27.1 million as of September 27, 2009 consists of various bank loans and government subsidized technology loans supporting operating needs.
Guarantees
We have issued certain indemnifications to our lessors for taxes and general liability under some of our agreements. We have entered into certain insurance contracts which may limit our exposure to such indemnifications. As of September 27, 2009, we have not recorded any liability on our consolidated financial statements in connection with these indemnifications, as we do not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any amounts will be paid under these guarantees.
Generally, the Company indemnifies, under pre-determined conditions and limitations, its customers for infringement of third-party intellectual property rights by the Companys products or services. The Company seeks to limit its liability for such indemnity to an amount not to exceed the sales price of the products or services subject to its indemnification obligations. The Company does not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any material amounts will be paid under these guarantees.
Warranties
The Company offers standard warranties on its systems that run generally for a period of 12 months from system acceptance. The liability amount is based on actual historical warranty spending activity by type of system, customer, and geographic region, modified for any known differences such as the impact of system reliability improvements.
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ITEM 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
For financial market risks related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, refer to Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, in our 2009 Form 10-K.
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio, long-term debt, and synthetic leases. We maintain a conservative investment policy, which focuses on the safety and preservation of our invested funds by limiting default risk, market risk, and reinvestment risk. We mitigate default risk by investing in high credit quality securities and by positioning our portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer or guarantor. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to achieve portfolio liquidity and maintain a prudent amount of diversification.
We believe that maintaining sufficient liquidity reserves is important to support sustaining levels of investment in our business activities. Based upon our current business outlook, our levels of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments at September 27, 2009 are expected to be sufficient to support our anticipated levels of operations, investments, debt service requirements, and capital expenditures, through at least the next 12 months. However, the current uncertainty in the global economic conditions and the recent disruption in credit markets have impacted customer demand for our products, as well as our ability to manage normal commercial relationships with our customers, suppliers, and creditors. If the current situation deteriorates further, our business could suffer further negative impacts.
ITEM 4. | Controls and Procedures |
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), as of September 27, 2009, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer, along with our Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level.
We intend to review and evaluate the design and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures on an ongoing basis and to correct any material deficiencies that we may discover. Our goal is to ensure that our senior management has timely access to material information that could affect our business.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Effectiveness of Controls
While we believe the present design of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting is effective, future events affecting our business may cause us to modify our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting. The effectiveness of controls cannot be absolute because the cost to design and implement a control to identify errors or mitigate the risk of errors occurring should not outweigh the potential loss caused by the errors that would likely be detected by the control. Moreover, we believe that a control system cannot be guaranteed to be 100% effective all of the time. Accordingly, a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control systems objectives will be met.
ITEM 1. | Legal Proceedings |
From time to time, we have received notices from third parties alleging infringement of such parties patent or other intellectual property rights by our products. In such cases it is our policy to defend the claims, or if considered appropriate, negotiate licenses on commercially reasonable terms. However, no assurance can be given that we will be able in the future to negotiate necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any litigation resulting from such claims would not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or operating results.
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ITEM 1A. | Risk Factors |
In addition to the other information in this Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 27, 2009, the following risk factors should be carefully considered in evaluating the Company and its business because such factors may significantly impact our business, operating results, and financial condition. As a result of these risk factors, as well as other risks discussed in our other SEC filings, our actual results could differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements. No priority or significance is intended, nor should be attached, to the order in which the risk factors appear.
We Face Risks Related to the Deterioration in the General Economic Outlook and the Downturn in the Semiconductor Industry
Recent global economic conditions have impacted customer demand for our products and normal commercial relationships with our customers, suppliers, and creditors. Additionally, some of our customers ability to access credit has been adversely affected, which limits their ability to purchase our products and services. The degree of the impact on our business of the current credit and economic environment will continue to depend on a number of factors, including the duration and severity of the recession facing the U.S. economy and the global economy generally, and the semiconductor industry specifically. This impact may cause potential material adverse changes to our results of operations and financial condition including, but not limited to:
| a continuing decline in demand for our products; |
| an increase in reserves on accounts receivable due to our customers inability to pay us; |
| an increase in reserves on inventory balances due to excess or obsolete inventory as a result of our inability to sell such inventory; |
| additional valuation allowances on deferred tax assets; |
| additional restructuring charges; |
| additional asset impairments including the potential additional impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets; |
| a decrease in value of our investments; |
| exposure to claims from our suppliers for payment on inventory that we order in anticipation of customer purchases that do not come to fruition; |
| a decline in value of certain facilities we lease to less than our residual value guarantee with the lessor; and |
| problems maintaining reliable and uninterrupted sources of supply. |
Our Quarterly Revenues and Operating Results Are Unpredictable
Our revenues and operating results may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, not all of which are in our control. We manage our expense levels based in part on our expectations of future revenues. If revenue levels in a particular quarter do not meet our expectations, our operating results may be adversely affected. Because our operating expenses are based in part on anticipated future revenues, and a certain amount of those expenses are relatively fixed, a change in the timing of recognition of revenue and/or the level of gross profit from a single transaction can unfavorably affect operating results in a particular quarter. Factors that may cause our financial results to fluctuate unpredictably include, but are not limited to:
| economic conditions in the electronics and semiconductor industries generally and the equipment industry specifically; |
| the extent that customers use our products and services in their business; |
| timing of customer acceptances of equipment; |
| the size and timing of orders from customers; |
| customer cancellations or delays in our shipments, installations, and/or acceptances; |
| changes in average selling prices, customer mix, and product mix; |
| our ability in a timely manner to develop, introduce and market new, enhanced, and competitive products; |
| our competitors introduction of new products; |
| legal or technical challenges to our products and technology; |
| changes in import/export regulations; |
| transportation, communication, demand, information technology or supply disruptions based on factors outside our control such as acts of God, wars, terrorist activities, and natural disasters; |
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| legislative, tax, accounting, or regulatory changes or changes in their interpretation; |
| procurement shortages; |
| manufacturing difficulties; |
| the failure of our suppliers or outsource providers to perform their obligations in a manner consistent with our expectations; |
| changes in our estimated effective tax rate; and |
| foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. |
Further, because a significant amount of our R&D and administrative operations and capacity is located at our Fremont, California campus, natural, physical, logistical or other events or disruptions affecting these facilities (including labor disruptions, earthquakes, and power failures) could adversely impact our financial performance.
We Derive Our Revenues Primarily from a Relatively Small Number of High-Priced Systems
System sales constitute a significant portion of our total revenue. Our systems are priced up to approximately $6 million per unit, and our revenues in any given quarter are dependent upon the acceptance of a rather limited number of such systems. As a result, the inability to recognize revenue on even a few systems can cause a significant adverse impact on our revenues for that quarter.
Variations in the Amount of Time it Takes for Our Customers to Accept Our Systems May Cause Fluctuation in Our Operating Results
We generally recognize revenue for new system sales on the date of customer acceptance or the date the contractual customer acceptance provisions lapse. As a result, the fiscal period in which we are able to recognize new systems revenues is typically subject to the length of time that our customers require to evaluate the performance of our equipment after shipment and installation, which may vary from customer to customer and tool to tool. Such variations could cause our quarterly operating results to fluctuate.
The Semiconductor Equipment Industry is Volatile and Reduced Product Demand Has a Negative Impact on Shipments
Our business depends on the capital equipment expenditures of semiconductor manufacturers, which in turn depend on the current and anticipated market demand for integrated circuits and products using integrated circuits. The semiconductor industry is cyclical in nature and historically experiences periodic downturns. Business conditions historically have changed rapidly and unpredictably.
Fluctuating levels of investment by semiconductor manufacturers could continue to materially affect our aggregate shipments, revenues and operating results. Where appropriate, we will attempt to respond to these fluctuations with cost management programs aimed at aligning our expenditures with anticipated revenue streams, which sometimes result in restructuring charges. Even during periods of reduced revenues, we must continue to invest in research and development and maintain extensive ongoing worldwide customer service and support capabilities to remain competitive, which may temporarily harm our financial results.
We Depend on New Products and Processes for Our Success. Consequently, We are Subject to Risks Associated with Rapid Technological Change
Rapid technological changes in semiconductor manufacturing processes subject us to increased pressure to develop technological advances enabling such processes. We believe that our future success depends in part upon our ability to develop and offer new products with improved capabilities and to continue to enhance our existing products. If new products have reliability or quality problems, our performance may be impacted by reduced orders, higher manufacturing costs, delays in acceptance of and payment for new products, and additional service and warranty expenses. We may be unable to develop and manufacture new products successfully, or new products that we introduce may fail in the marketplace. Our failure to complete commercialization of these new products in a timely manner could result in unanticipated costs and inventory obsolescence, which would adversely affect our financial results.
In order to develop new products and processes, we expect to continue to make significant investments in R&D and to pursue joint development relationships with customers, suppliers or other members of the industry. We must manage product transitions and joint development relationships successfully, as introduction of new products could adversely affect our sales of existing products. Moreover, future technologies, processes or product developments may render our current product offerings obsolete, leaving us with non-competitive products, or obsolete inventory, or both.
We are Subject to Risks Relating to Product Concentration and Lack of Product Revenue Diversification
We derive a substantial percentage of our revenues from a limited number of products, and we expect these products to continue to account for a large percentage of our revenues in the near term. Continued market acceptance of these products is, therefore, critical to our future success. Our business, operating results, financial condition, and cash flows could therefore be adversely affected by:
| a decline in demand for even a limited number of our products; |
| a failure to achieve continued market acceptance of our key products; |
| export restrictions or other regulatory or legislative actions which could limit our ability to sell those products to key customer or market segments; |
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| an improved version of products being offered by a competitor in the market in which we participate; |
| increased pressure from competitors that offer broader product lines; |
| technological change that we are unable to address with our products; or |
| a failure to release new or enhanced versions of our products on a timely basis. |
In addition, the fact that we offer a more limited product line creates the risk that our customers may view us as less important to their business than our competitors that offer additional products as well. This may impact our ability to maintain or expand our business with certain customers. Such product concentration may also subject us to additional risks associated with technology changes. Since we are primarily a provider of etch equipment, our business is affected by our customers use of etching steps in their processes. Should technologies change so that the manufacture of semiconductor chips requires fewer etching steps, this could have a larger impact on our business than it would on the business of our less concentrated competitors.
We Have a Limited Number of Key Customers
Sales to a limited number of large customers constitute a significant portion of our overall revenue, new orders and profitability. As a result, the actions of even one customer may subject us to revenue swings that are difficult to predict. Similarly, significant portions of our credit risk may, at any given time, be concentrated among a limited number of customers, so that the failure of even one of these key customers to pay its obligations to us could significantly impact our financial results.
Strategic Alliances May Have Negative Effects on Our Business
Increasingly, semiconductor companies are entering into strategic alliances with one another to expedite the development of processes and other manufacturing technologies. Often, one of the outcomes of such an alliance is the definition of a particular tool set for a certain function or a series of process steps that use a specific set of manufacturing equipment. While this could work to our advantage if our equipment becomes the basis for the function or process, it could work to our disadvantage if a competitors tools or equipment become the standard equipment for such function or process. In the latter case, even if our equipment was previously used by a customer, that equipment may be displaced in current and future applications by the tools standardized by the alliance.
Similarly, our customers may team with, or follow the lead of, educational or research institutions that establish processes for accomplishing various tasks or manufacturing steps. If those institutions utilize a competitors equipment when they establish those processes, it is likely that customers will tend to use the same equipment in setting up their own manufacturing lines. These actions could adversely impact our market share and financial results.
We are Dependent Upon a Limited Number of Key Suppliers
We obtain certain components and sub-assemblies included in our products from a single supplier or a limited group of suppliers. We have established long-term contracts with many of these suppliers. These long-term contracts can take a variety of forms. We may renew these contracts periodically. In some cases, these suppliers sold us products during at least the last five years, and we expect that we will continue to renew these contracts in the future or that we will otherwise replace them with competent alternative suppliers. However, several of our suppliers are relatively new providers to us so that our experience with them and their performance is limited. Where practical, our intent is to establish alternative sources to mitigate the risk that the failure of any single supplier will adversely affect our business. Nevertheless, a prolonged inability to obtain certain components could impair our ability to ship products, lower our revenues and thus adversely affect our operating results and result in damage to our customer relationships.
Our Outsource Providers May Fail to Perform as We Expect
Outsource providers have played and will continue to play a key role in our manufacturing operations and in many of our transactional and administrative functions, such as information technology, facilities management, and certain elements of our finance organization. Although we aim at selecting reputable providers and secure their performance on terms documented in written contracts, it is possible that one or more of these providers could fail to perform as we expect and such failure could have an adverse impact on our business.
In addition, the expansive role of outsource providers has required and will continue to require us to implement changes to our existing operations and to adopt new procedures to deal with and manage the performance of these outsource providers. Any delay or failure in the implementation of our operational changes and new procedures could adversely affect our customer relationships and/or have a negative effect on our operating results.
Once a Semiconductor Manufacturer Commits to Purchase a Competitors Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment, the Manufacturer Typically Continues to Purchase that Competitors Equipment, Making it More Difficult for Us to Sell Our Equipment to that Customer
Semiconductor manufacturers must make a substantial investment to qualify and integrate wafer processing equipment into a semiconductor production line. We believe that once a semiconductor manufacturer selects a particular suppliers processing equipment, the manufacturer generally relies upon that equipment for that specific production line application for an extended period of time. Accordingly, we expect it to be more difficult to sell to a given customer if that customer initially selects a competitors equipment.
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We are Subject to Risks Associated with Our Competitors Strategic Relationships and Their Introduction of New Products and We May Lack the Financial Resources or Technological Capabilities of Certain of Our Competitors Needed to Capture Increased Market Share
We expect to face significant competition from multiple current and future competitors. We believe that other companies are developing systems and products that are competitive to ours and are planning to introduce new products, which may affect our ability to sell our existing products. We face a greater risk if our competitors enter into strategic relationships with leading semiconductor manufacturers covering products similar to those we sell or may develop, as this could adversely affect our ability to sell products to those manufacturers.
We believe that to remain competitive we will require significant financial resources to offer a broad range of products, to maintain customer service and support centers worldwide, and to invest in product and process R&D. Certain of our competitors have substantially greater financial resources and more extensive engineering, manufacturing, marketing, and customer service and support resources than we do and therefore have the potential to increasingly dominate the semiconductor equipment industry. These competitors may deeply discount or give away products similar to those that we sell, challenging or even exceeding our ability to make similar accommodations and threatening our ability to sell those products. For these reasons, we may fail to continue to compete successfully worldwide.
In addition, our competitors may provide innovative technology that may have performance advantages over systems we currently, or expect to, offer. They may be able to develop products comparable or superior to those we offer or may adapt more quickly to new technologies or evolving customer requirements. In particular, while we currently are developing additional product enhancements that we believe will address future customer requirements, we may fail in a timely manner to complete the development or introduction of these additional product enhancements successfully, or these product enhancements may not achieve market acceptance or be competitive. Accordingly, we may be unable to continue to compete in our markets, competition may intensify, or future competition may have a material adverse effect on our revenues, operating results, financial condition, and/or cash flows.
Our Future Success Depends on International Sales and the Management of Global Operations
Non-U.S. sales accounted for approximately 85% of total revenue in fiscal year 2009, 83% in fiscal year 2008 and 84% in fiscal year 2007. We expect that international sales will continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenue in future years.
We are subject to various challenges related to the management of global operations and international sales including, but not limited to:
| trade balance issues; |
| economic and political conditions; |
| changes in currency controls; |
| differences in the enforcement of intellectual property and contract rights in varying jurisdictions; |
| our ability to develop relationships with local suppliers; |
| compliance with U.S. and international laws and regulations, including U.S. export restrictions; |
| fluctuations in interest and foreign currency exchange rates; |
| the need for technical support resources in different locations; and |
| our ability to secure and retain qualified people for the operation of our business. |
Certain international sales depend on our ability to obtain export licenses from the U.S. Government. Our failure or inability to obtain such licenses would substantially limit our markets and severely restrict our revenues. Many of the challenges noted above are applicable in China, which is a fast developing market for the semiconductor equipment industry and therefore an area of potential significant growth for our business. As the business volume between China and the rest of the world grows, there is inherent risk, based on the complex relationships between China, Taiwan, Japan, and the United States, that political and diplomatic influences might lead to trade disruptions which would adversely affect our business with China and/or Taiwan and perhaps the entire Asia Pacific region. A significant trade disruption in these areas could have a materially adverse impact on our future revenue and profits.
We are potentially exposed to adverse as well as beneficial movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The majority of our sales and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars. However, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations related to certain of our revenues denominated in Japanese yen and Euros, and to certain of our spares and service contracts, and expenses related to our non-U.S. sales and support offices which are denominated in the related countries local currency.
We currently enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to minimize the short-term impact of the foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on Japanese yen-denominated assets and forecasted Japanese yen-denominated revenue and on net intercompany liability exposures denominated in Swiss francs, Euros and Taiwanese dollars. We currently believe these are our primary exposures to currency rate fluctuation. We expect to continue to enter into hedging transactions, for the purposes outlined, in the foreseeable future. However, these hedging transactions may not achieve their desired effect because differences between the actual timing of customer acceptances and our forecasts of those acceptances may leave us either over- or under-hedged on any given transaction. Moreover, by hedging these foreign currency denominated revenues, assets and liabilities with foreign exchange forward contracts, we may miss favorable currency trends that would have been advantageous to us but for the hedges. Additionally, we are exposed to short-term foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on non-U.S. dollar-denominated assets and liabilities other than those currency exposures previously discussed and currently do not enter into such foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge these other foreign currency exposures, and we therefore are subject to both favorable and unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations to the extent that we transact business (including intercompany transactions) in other currencies.
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Our Financial Results May be Adversely Impacted by Higher Than Expected Tax Rates or Exposure to Additional Tax Liabilities
As a global company, our effective tax rate is highly dependent upon the geographic composition of worldwide earnings and tax regulations governing each region. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and various foreign jurisdictions, and significant judgment is required to determine worldwide tax liabilities. Our effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in the split of earnings between countries with differing statutory tax rates, in the valuation of deferred tax assets, in tax laws or by material audit assessments, which could affect our profitability. In particular, the carrying value of deferred tax assets, which are predominantly in the United States, is dependent on our ability to generate future taxable income in the United States. In addition, the amount of income taxes we pay is subject to ongoing audits in various jurisdictions, and a material assessment by a governing tax authority could affect our profitability.
A Failure to Comply with Environmental Regulations May Adversely Affect Our Operating Results
We are subject to a variety of governmental regulations related to the discharge or disposal of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals. We believe that we are in general compliance with these regulations and that we have obtained (or will obtain or are otherwise addressing the need for) all environmental permits necessary to conduct our business. These permits generally relate to the disposal of hazardous wastes. Nevertheless, the failure to comply with present or future regulations could result in fines being imposed on us, suspension of production, cessation of our operations or reduction in our customers acceptance of our products. These regulations could require us to alter our current operations, to acquire significant equipment or to incur substantial other expenses to comply with environmental regulations. Our failure to control the use, sale, transport or disposal of hazardous substances could subject us to future liabilities.
If We are Unable to Adjust the Scale of Our Business in Response to Rapid Changes in Demand in the Semiconductor Equipment Industry, Our Operating Results and Our Ability to Compete Successfully May be Impaired
The business cycle in the semiconductor equipment industry has historically been characterized by frequent periods of rapid change in demand that challenge our management to adjust spending and resources allocated to operating activities. During periods of rapid growth or decline in demand for our products and services, we face significant challenges in maintaining adequate financial and business controls, management processes, information systems and procedures, and in training, managing, and appropriately sizing our supply chain, our work force, and other components of our business on a timely basis. Our success will depend, to a significant extent, on the ability of our executive officers and other members of our senior management to identify and respond to these challenges effectively. If we do not adequately meet these challenges, our gross margins and earnings may be impaired during periods of demand decline, and we may lack the infrastructure and resources to scale up our business to meet customer expectations and compete successfully during periods of demand growth.
If We Choose to Acquire or Dispose of Product Lines and Technologies, We May Encounter Unforeseen Costs and Difficulties That Could Impair Our Financial Performance
An important element of our management strategy is to review acquisition prospects that would complement our existing products, augment our market coverage and distribution ability, or enhance our technological capabilities. As a result, we may make acquisitions of complementary companies, products or technologies, such as our March 2008 acquisition of SEZ, or we may reduce or dispose of certain product lines or technologies that no longer fit our long-term strategies. Managing an acquired business, disposing of product technologies or reducing personnel entails numerous operational and financial risks, including difficulties in assimilating acquired operations and new personnel or separating existing business or product groups, diversion of managements attention away from other business concerns, amortization of acquired intangible assets and potential loss of key employees or customers of acquired or disposed operations among others. There can be no assurance that we will be able to achieve and manage successfully any such integration of potential acquisitions, disposition of product lines or technologies, or reduction in personnel or that our management, personnel, or systems will be adequate to support continued operations. Any such inabilities or inadequacies could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition, and cash flows.
In addition, any acquisition could result in changes such as potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities, the amortization of related intangible assets, and goodwill impairment charges, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and/or the price of our Common Stock.
The Market for Our Common Stock is Volatile, Which May Affect Our Ability to Raise Capital or Make Acquisitions
The market price for our Common Stock is volatile and has fluctuated significantly over the past years. The trading price of our Common Stock could continue to be highly volatile and fluctuate widely in response to factors, including but not limited to the following:
| general market, semiconductor, or semiconductor equipment industry conditions; |
| global economic fluctuations; |
| variations in our quarterly operating results; |
| variations in our revenues, earnings or other business and financial metrics from those experienced by other companies in our industry or forecasts by securities analysts; |
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| announcements of restructurings, technological innovations, reductions in force, departure of key employees, consolidations of operations, or introduction of new products; |
| government regulations; |
| developments in, or claims relating to, patent or other proprietary rights; |
| success or failure of our new and existing products; |
| liquidity of Lam Research; |
| disruptions with key customers or suppliers; or |
| political, economic, or environmental events occurring globally or in any of our key sales regions. |
In addition, the stock market experiences significant price and volume fluctuations. Historically, we have witnessed significant volatility in the price of our Common Stock due in part to the actual or anticipated movement in interest rates and the price of and markets for semiconductors. These broad market and industry factors have and may again adversely affect the price of our Common Stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. In the past, following volatile periods in the price of stock, many companies became the object of securities class action litigation. If we are sued in a securities class action, we could incur substantial costs, and it could divert managements attention and resources and have an unfavorable impact on the price for our Common Stock.
We Rely Upon Certain Critical Information Systems for the Operation of Our Business
We maintain and rely upon certain critical information systems for the effective operation of our business. These information systems include telecommunications, the internet, our corporate intranet, various computer hardware and software applications, network communications, and e-mail. These information systems may be owned by us or by our outsource providers or even third parties such as vendors and contractors and may be maintained by us or by such providers and third parties. These information systems are subject to attacks, failures, and access denials from a number of potential sources including viruses, destructive or inadequate code, power failures, and physical damage to computers, hard drives, communication lines, and networking equipment. To the extent that these information systems are under our control, we have implemented security procedures, such as virus protection software and emergency recovery processes, to address the outlined risks. However, security procedures for information systems cannot be guaranteed to be failsafe and our inability to use or access these information systems at critical points in time could unfavorably impact the timely and efficient operation of our business.
Intellectual Property, Indemnity and Other Claims Against Us Can be Costly and Could Result in the Loss of Significant Rights That are Necessary to Our Continued Business and Profitability
Third parties may assert infringement, unfair competition or other claims against us. From time to time, other parties send us notices alleging that our products infringe their patent or other intellectual property rights. In addition, our Bylaws and indemnity obligations provide that we will indemnify officers and directors against losses that they may incur in legal proceedings resulting from their service to Lam Research. We also face risks of claims from commercial and other relationships. In such cases, it is our policy either to defend the claims or to negotiate licenses or other settlements on commercially reasonable terms. However, we may be unable in the future to negotiate necessary licenses or reach agreement on other settlements on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, and any litigation resulting from these claims by other parties may materially adversely affect our business and financial results. Moreover, although we seek to obtain insurance to protect us from claims and cover losses to our property, there is no guarantee that such insurance will fully indemnify us for any losses that we may incur.
We May Fail to Protect Our Proprietary Technology Rights, Which Could Affect Our Business
Our success depends in part on our proprietary technology. While we attempt to protect our proprietary technology through patents, copyrights and trade secret protection, we believe that our success also depends on increasing our technological expertise, continuing our development of new systems, increasing market penetration and growth of our installed base, and providing comprehensive support and service to our customers. However, we may be unable to protect our technology in all instances, or our competitors may develop similar or more competitive technology independently. We currently hold a number of United States and foreign patents and pending patent applications. However, other parties may challenge or attempt to invalidate or circumvent any patents the United States or foreign governments issue to us or these governments may fail to issue patents for pending applications. In addition, the rights granted or anticipated under any of these patents or pending patent applications may be narrower than we expect or, in fact, provide no competitive advantages.
We are Subject to the Internal Control Evaluation and Attestation Requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to include in our annual report our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and our audited financial statements as of the end of each fiscal year. Furthermore, our independent registered public accounting firm (the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm) is required to report on whether it believes we maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of the end of each fiscal year. We have successfully completed our assessment and obtained our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms attestation as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 28, 2009. In future years, if we fail to timely complete this assessment, or if our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm cannot timely attest to our assessment, we could be subject to regulatory sanctions and a loss of public confidence in our internal control. In addition, any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to timely meet our regulatory reporting obligations.
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Our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Must Confirm Its Independence in Order for Us to Meet Our Regulatory Reporting Obligations on a Timely Basis
Our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm communicates with us at least annually regarding any relationships between the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Lam Research that, in the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms professional judgment, might have a bearing on the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms independence with respect to us. If, for whatever reason, our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm finds that it cannot confirm that it is independent of Lam Research based on existing securities laws and registered public accounting firm independence standards, we could experience delays or other failures to meet our regulatory reporting obligations.
ITEM 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
(c) On September 8, 2008, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $250 million of Company common stock from the public market or in private purchases. While the repurchase program does not have a defined termination date, it may be suspended or discontinued at any time, and will be funded using the Companys available cash. The Company suspended repurchases under the Board authorized program prior to the end of the December 2008 quarter. The Company did not repurchase any shares under the Board authorized program during the three months ended September 27, 2009. During the three months ended September 27, 2009, the Company withheld 78,922 shares through net share settlements upon the vesting of restricted stock unit awards under the Companys equity compensation plans to cover tax withholding obligations.
ITEM 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
None.
ITEM 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
None
ITEM 5. | Other Information |
None
ITEM 6. | Exhibits |
(a) Exhibits
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: November 5, 2009
LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION (Registrant) |
/S/ ERNEST E. MADDOCK |
Ernest E. Maddock |
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
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Exhibit |
Description | |
31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification (Principal Executive Officer) | |
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification (Principal Financial Officer) | |
32.1 | Section 1350 Certification (Principal Executive Officer) | |
32.2 | Section 1350 Certification (Principal Financial Officer) |
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