Q1 2014 10-Q
Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 
For the transition period from          to
Commission File Number 1-13232 (Apartment Investment and Management Company)
Commission File Number 0-24497 (AIMCO Properties, L.P.)
 
Apartment Investment and Management Company
AIMCO Properties, L.P.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Maryland (Apartment Investment and Management Company)
 
84-1259577
 
Delaware (AIMCO Properties, L.P.)
 
84-1275621
 
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
 
 
 
4582 South Ulster Street, Suite 1100
 
 
 
Denver, Colorado
 
80237
 
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
 
(303) 757-8101
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address, and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Apartment Investment and Management Company: Yes x    No o
AIMCO Properties, L.P.: Yes x    No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Apartment Investment and Management Company: Yes x    No o
AIMCO Properties, L.P.: Yes x    No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Apartment Investment and Management Company:
Large accelerated filer
x
 
Accelerated filer
o
Non-accelerated filer
o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
o
AIMCO Properties, L.P.:
Large accelerated filer
o
 
Accelerated filer
x
Non-accelerated filer
o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Apartment Investment and Management Company: Yes
o
No
x
AIMCO Properties, L.P.: Yes
o
No
x
 
_______________________________________________________
The number of shares of Apartment Investment and Management Company
Class A Common Stock outstanding as of May 1, 2014: 146,099,689
 

Table of Contents

EXPLANATORY NOTE
This filing combines the reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014, of Apartment Investment and Management Company, or Aimco, and AIMCO Properties, L.P., or the Aimco Operating Partnership. Where it is important to distinguish between the two entities, we refer to them specifically. Otherwise, references to “we,” “us” or “our” mean, collectively, Aimco, the Aimco Operating Partnership and their consolidated entities.
Aimco, a Maryland corporation, is a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT. Aimco, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, is the general and special limited partner of and, as of March 31, 2014, owned a 94.9% ownership interest in the common partnership units of, the Aimco Operating Partnership. The remaining 5.1% interest is owned by limited partners. As the sole general partner of the Aimco Operating Partnership, Aimco has exclusive control of the Aimco Operating Partnership’s day-to-day management.
The Aimco Operating Partnership holds all of Aimco’s assets and manages the daily operations of Aimco’s business and assets. Aimco is required to contribute all proceeds from offerings of its securities to the Aimco Operating Partnership. In addition, substantially all of Aimco’s assets must be owned through the Aimco Operating Partnership; therefore, Aimco is generally required to contribute all assets acquired to the Aimco Operating Partnership. In exchange for the contribution of offering proceeds or assets, Aimco receives additional interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership with similar terms (e.g., if Aimco contributes proceeds of a stock offering, Aimco receives partnership units with terms substantially similar to the stock issued by Aimco).
We believe combining the periodic reports of Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership into this single report provides the following benefits:
•
presents our business as a whole, in the same manner our management views and operates the business;
•
eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more streamlined and readable presentation since a substantial portion of the disclosures apply to both Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership; and
•
saves time and cost through the preparation of a single combined report rather than two separate reports.
We operate Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership as one enterprise and the management of Aimco directs the management and operations of the Aimco Operating Partnership.
We believe it is important to understand the few differences between Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership in the context of how Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership operate as a consolidated company. Aimco has no assets or liabilities other than its investment in the Aimco Operating Partnership. Also, Aimco is a corporation that issues publicly traded equity from time to time, whereas the Aimco Operating Partnership is a partnership that has no publicly traded equity. Except for the net proceeds from stock offerings by Aimco, which are contributed to the Aimco Operating Partnership in exchange for additional limited partnership interests (of a similar type and in an amount equal to the shares of stock sold in the offering), the Aimco Operating Partnership generates all remaining capital required by its business. These sources include the Aimco Operating Partnership’s working capital, net cash provided by operating activities, borrowings under its revolving credit facility, the issuance of secured debt and equity securities, including additional partnership units, and proceeds received from the sale of apartment communities.
Equity, partners’ capital and noncontrolling interests are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of Aimco and those of the Aimco Operating Partnership. Interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership held by entities other than Aimco are classified within partners’ capital in the Aimco Operating Partnership’s financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in Aimco’s financial statements.
To help investors understand the differences between Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership, this report provides separate consolidated financial statements for Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership; a single set of consolidated notes to such financial statements that includes separate discussions of each entity’s stockholders’ equity or partners’ capital, as applicable; and a combined Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section that includes discrete information related to each entity.
This report also includes separate Part I, Item 4. Controls and Procedures sections and separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications for Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership in order to establish that the requisite certifications have been made and that Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership are both compliant with Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

1
Table of Contents

APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
AIMCO PROPERTIES, L.P.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FORM 10-Q

 
 
Page
 
 
ITEM 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
 
 
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 5.
ITEM 6.
 


2
Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.
Financial Statements


APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

 
March 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
ASSETS
 
 
 
Buildings and improvements
$
6,342,221

 
$
6,332,723

Land
1,867,270

 
1,881,358

Total real estate
8,209,491

 
8,214,081

Less accumulated depreciation
(2,840,071
)
 
(2,822,872
)
Net real estate ($385,853 and $392,245 related to VIEs)
5,369,420

 
5,391,209

Cash and cash equivalents ($22,943 and $24,094 related to VIEs)
38,402

 
55,751

Restricted cash ($38,135 and $36,369 related to VIEs)
160,816

 
127,037

Other assets ($210,762 and $211,286 related to VIEs)
514,514

 
505,416

Total assets
$
6,083,152

 
$
6,079,413

 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
Non-recourse property debt ($354,084 and $355,372 related to VIEs)
$
4,284,763

 
$
4,337,785

Revolving credit facility borrowings
110,060

 
50,400

Total indebtedness
4,394,823

 
4,388,185

Accounts payable
35,795

 
43,161

Accrued liabilities and other ($142,014 and $140,910 related to VIEs)
289,615

 
287,595

Deferred income
102,347

 
107,775

Total liabilities
4,822,580

 
4,826,716

Preferred noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership
79,121

 
79,953

Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
—

 
—

Equity:
 
 
 
Perpetual Preferred Stock
58,114

 
68,114

Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 505,787,260 shares authorized, 146,099,689 and 145,917,387 shares issued/outstanding at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively
1,461

 
1,459

Additional paid-in capital
3,700,369

 
3,701,339

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(4,503
)
 
(4,602
)
Distributions in excess of earnings
(2,772,345
)
 
(2,798,853
)
Total Aimco equity
983,096

 
967,457

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships
223,806

 
233,008

Common noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership
(25,451
)
 
(27,721
)
Total equity
1,181,451

 
1,172,744

Total liabilities and equity
$
6,083,152

 
$
6,079,413




See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3
Table of Contents

APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
REVENUES
 
 
 
Rental and other property revenues
$
240,136

 
$
230,252

Tax credit and asset management revenues
8,788

 
7,252

Total revenues
248,924

 
237,504

 
 
 
 
OPERATING EXPENSES
 
 
 
Property operating expenses
99,270

 
93,868

Investment management expenses
1,252

 
1,433

Depreciation and amortization
70,307

 
75,716

General and administrative expenses
10,532

 
11,779

Other expense, net
2,390

 
2,069

Total operating expenses
183,751

 
184,865

Operating income
65,173

 
52,639

Interest income, net
1,729

 
6,414

Interest expense
(55,641
)
 
(58,345
)
Other, net
(1,979
)
 
(2,266
)
Income (loss) before income taxes, discontinued operations and gain on dispositions
9,282

 
(1,558
)
Income tax benefit (expense)
2,758

 
(105
)
Income (loss) from continuing operations
12,040

 
(1,663
)
Income from discontinued operations, net
—

 
4,496

Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of tax
69,492

 
—

Net income
81,532

 
2,833

Noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships
(11,389
)
 
4,962

Net income attributable to preferred noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership
(1,605
)
 
(1,606
)
Net income attributable to common noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership
(3,611
)
 
(297
)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(16,605
)
 
3,059

Net income attributable to Aimco
64,927

 
5,892

Net income attributable to Aimco preferred stockholders
(454
)
 
(702
)
Net income attributable to participating securities
(239
)
 
(140
)
Net income attributable to Aimco common stockholders
$
64,234

 
$
5,050

Earnings (loss) attributable to Aimco per common share – basic and diluted (Note 7):
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Aimco common stockholders
$
0.44

 
$
(0.01
)
Income from discontinued operations attributable to Aimco common stockholders
—

 
0.04

Net income attributable to Aimco common stockholders
$
0.44

 
$
0.03

Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic
145,473

 
145,169

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted
145,681

 
145,169

Dividends declared per common share
$
0.26

 
$
0.24



See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4
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APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Net income
$
81,532

 
$
2,833

Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
Unrealized (losses) gains on interest rate swaps
(761
)
 
176

Losses on interest rate swaps reclassified into interest expense from accumulated other comprehensive loss
426

 
420

Unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities classified as available-for-sale
467

 
(1,708
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
132

 
(1,112
)
Comprehensive income
81,664

 
1,721

Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(16,636
)
 
3,049

Comprehensive income attributable to Aimco
$
65,028

 
$
4,770






See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5
Table of Contents

APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Net income
$
81,532

 
$
2,833

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
70,307

 
75,716

Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of tax
(69,492
)
 
—

Discontinued operations
—

 
1,448

Other adjustments
3,425

 
277

Net changes in operating assets and operating liabilities
(30,971
)
 
(31,382
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
54,801

 
48,892

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Purchases of real estate
(12,870
)
 
(896
)
Capital expenditures
(94,242
)
 
(66,064
)
Proceeds from dispositions of real estate
100,082

 
2,898

Purchases of corporate assets
(1,799
)
 
(2,029
)
Change in restricted cash
(28,511
)
 
(8,993
)
Other investing activities
(8,749
)
 
1,515

Net cash used in investing activities
(46,089
)
 
(73,569
)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Proceeds from non-recourse property debt
39,530

 
81,658

Principal repayments on non-recourse property debt
(62,381
)
 
(104,183
)
Net borrowings on revolving credit facility
59,660

 
49,200

Repurchase of Preferred Stock
(9,500
)
 
—

Proceeds from Common Stock option exercises
21

 
983

Payment of dividends to holders of Preferred Stock
(696
)
 
(702
)
Payment of dividends to holders of Common Stock
(37,970
)
 
(34,996
)
Payment of distributions to noncontrolling interests
(24,636
)
 
(15,702
)
Other financing activities
9,911

 
13,564

Net cash used in financing activities
(26,061
)
 
(10,178
)
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
(17,349
)
 
(34,855
)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD
55,751

 
84,413

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD
$
38,402

 
$
49,558






See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

6
Table of Contents


AIMCO PROPERTIES, L.P.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
March 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
ASSETS
 
 
 
Buildings and improvements
$
6,342,221

 
$
6,332,723

Land
1,867,270

 
1,881,358

Total real estate
8,209,491

 
8,214,081

Less accumulated depreciation
(2,840,071
)
 
(2,822,872
)
Net real estate ($385,853 and $392,245 related to VIEs)
5,369,420

 
5,391,209

Cash and cash equivalents ($22,943 and $24,094 related to VIEs)
38,402

 
55,751

Restricted cash ($38,135 and $36,369 related to VIEs)
160,816

 
127,037

Other assets ($210,762 and $211,286 related to VIEs)
514,514

 
505,416

Total assets
$
6,083,152

 
$
6,079,413

 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
Non-recourse property debt ($354,084 and $355,372 related to VIEs)
$
4,284,763

 
$
4,337,785

Revolving credit facility borrowings
110,060

 
50,400

Total indebtedness
4,394,823

 
4,388,185

Accounts payable
35,795

 
43,161

Accrued liabilities and other ($142,014 and $140,910 related to VIEs)
289,615

 
287,595

Deferred income
102,347

 
107,775

Total liabilities
4,822,580

 
4,826,716

Redeemable preferred units
79,121

 
79,953

Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
—

 
—

Partners’ Capital:
 
 
 
Preferred units
58,114

 
68,114

General Partner and Special Limited Partner
924,982

 
899,343

Limited Partners
(25,451
)
 
(27,721
)
Partners’ capital attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership
957,645

 
939,736

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships
223,806

 
233,008

Total partners’ capital
1,181,451

 
1,172,744

Total liabilities and partners’ capital
$
6,083,152

 
$
6,079,413




See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

7
Table of Contents

AIMCO PROPERTIES, L.P.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per unit data)
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
REVENUES
 
 
 
Rental and other property revenues
$
240,136

 
$
230,252

Tax credit and asset management revenues
8,788

 
7,252

Total revenues
248,924

 
237,504

 
 
 
 
OPERATING EXPENSES
 
 
 
Property operating expenses
99,270

 
93,868

Investment management expenses
1,252

 
1,433

Depreciation and amortization
70,307

 
75,716

General and administrative expenses
10,532

 
11,779

Other expense, net
2,390

 
2,069

Total operating expenses
183,751

 
184,865

Operating income
65,173

 
52,639

Interest income, net
1,729

 
6,414

Interest expense
(55,641
)
 
(58,345
)
Other, net
(1,979
)
 
(2,266
)
Income (loss) before income taxes, discontinued operations and gain on dispositions
9,282

 
(1,558
)
Income tax benefit (expense)
2,758

 
(105
)
Income (loss) from continuing operations
12,040

 
(1,663
)
Income from discontinued operations, net
—

 
4,496

Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of tax
69,492

 
—

Net income
81,532

 
2,833

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships
(11,389
)
 
4,962

Net income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership
70,143

 
7,795

Net income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s preferred unitholders
(2,059
)
 
(2,308
)
Net income attributable to participating securities
(239
)
 
(140
)
Net income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
$
67,845

 
$
5,347

Earnings (loss) attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership per common unit – basic and diluted (Note 7):


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
$
0.44

 
$
(0.01
)
Income from discontinued operations attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
—

 
0.04

Net income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
$
0.44

 
$
0.03

Weighted average common units outstanding – basic
153,329

 
153,169

Weighted average common units outstanding – diluted
153,537

 
153,169

Distributions declared per common unit
$
0.26

 
$
0.24

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

8
Table of Contents

AIMCO PROPERTIES, L.P.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Net income
$
81,532

 
$
2,833

Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
Unrealized (losses) gains on interest rate swaps
(761
)
 
176

Losses on interest rate swaps reclassified into interest expense from accumulated other comprehensive loss
426

 
420

Unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities classified as available-for-sale
467

 
(1,708
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
132

 
(1,112
)
Comprehensive income
81,664

 
1,721

Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(11,415
)
 
4,890

Comprehensive income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership
$
70,249

 
$
6,611




See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

9
Table of Contents

AIMCO PROPERTIES, L.P.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Net income
$
81,532

 
$
2,833

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
70,307

 
75,716

Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of tax
(69,492
)
 
—

Discontinued operations
—

 
1,448

Other adjustments
3,425

 
277

Net changes in operating assets and operating liabilities
(30,971
)
 
(31,382
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
54,801

 
48,892

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Purchases of real estate
(12,870
)
 
(896
)
Capital expenditures
(94,242
)
 
(66,064
)
Proceeds from dispositions of real estate
100,082

 
2,898

Purchases of corporate assets
(1,799
)
 
(2,029
)
Change in restricted cash
(28,511
)
 
(8,993
)
Other investing activities
(8,749
)
 
1,515

Net cash used in investing activities
(46,089
)
 
(73,569
)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Proceeds from non-recourse property debt
39,530

 
81,658

Principal repayments on non-recourse property debt
(62,381
)
 
(104,183
)
Net borrowings on revolving credit facility
59,660

 
49,200

Repurchase of Preferred Units from Aimco
(9,500
)
 
—

Proceeds from Aimco Common Stock option exercises
21

 
983

Payment of distributions to Preferred Units
(2,301
)
 
(2,308
)
Payment of distributions to General Partner and Special Limited Partner
(37,970
)
 
(34,996
)
Payment of distributions to Limited Partners
(2,032
)
 
(1,921
)
Payment of distributions to noncontrolling interests
(20,999
)
 
(12,175
)
Other financing activities
9,911

 
13,564

Net cash used in financing activities
(26,061
)
 
(10,178
)
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
(17,349
)
 
(34,855
)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD
55,751

 
84,413

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD
$
38,402

 
$
49,558




See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

10
Table of Contents

APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY
AIMCO PROPERTIES, L.P.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2014
(Unaudited)

Note 1 — Organization
Apartment Investment and Management Company, or Aimco, is a Maryland corporation incorporated on January 10, 1994. Aimco is a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT. AIMCO Properties, L.P., or the Aimco Operating Partnership, is a Delaware limited partnership formed on May 16, 1994, to conduct our business, which is focused on the ownership, management and redevelopment of quality apartment communities located in the largest coastal and job growth markets of the United States.
Aimco, and through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, AIMCO-GP, Inc. and AIMCO-LP Trust, owns a majority of the ownership interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership. Aimco conducts all of its business and owns all of its assets through the Aimco Operating Partnership. Interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership that are held by limited partners other than Aimco are referred to as “OP Units.” OP Units include common partnership units, high performance partnership units and partnership preferred units, which we refer to as common OP Units, HPUs and preferred OP Units, respectively. We also refer to HPUs as common OP Unit equivalents. At March 31, 2014, after eliminations for units held by consolidated entities, the Aimco Operating Partnership had 153,911,534 common partnership units and equivalents outstanding. At March 31, 2014, Aimco owned 146,099,689 of the common partnership units (94.9% of the common partnership units and equivalents) of the Aimco Operating Partnership and Aimco had outstanding an equal number of shares of its Class A Common Stock, which we refer to as Common Stock.
Except as the context otherwise requires, “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Aimco, the Aimco Operating Partnership and their consolidated subsidiaries, collectively.
As of March 31, 2014, we owned an equity interest in 161 conventional apartment communities with 49,314 apartment homes and 72 affordable apartment communities with 9,680 apartment homes. Of these, we consolidated 157 conventional apartment communities with 49,172 apartment homes and 56 affordable apartment communities with 8,566 apartment homes. These conventional and affordable apartment communities generated 91% and 9%, respectively, of our proportionate property net operating income (as defined in Note 8) during the three months ended March 31, 2014.
Note 2 — Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, have been condensed or omitted in accordance with such rules and regulations, although management believes the disclosures are adequate to prevent the information presented from being misleading. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2014, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2014.
The balance sheets of Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership at December 31, 2013, have been derived from their respective audited financial statements at that date, but do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the financial statements and notes thereto included in Aimco’s and the Aimco Operating Partnership’s combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013. Certain 2013 financial statement amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2014 and full year 2013 presentation, including adjustments for discontinued operations reported through December 31, 2013. Except where indicated, the footnotes refer to both Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership.
Principles of Consolidation
Aimco’s accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Aimco, the Aimco Operating Partnership, and their consolidated subsidiaries. The Aimco Operating Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Aimco Operating Partnership and its consolidated entities.

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We consolidate all variable interest entities for which we are the primary beneficiary. Generally, a variable interest entity, or VIE, is a legal entity in which the equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or the equity investors lack sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. In determining whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE, we consider qualitative and quantitative factors, including, but not limited to: which activities most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and which party controls such activities; the amount and characteristics of our investment; the obligation or likelihood for us or other investors to provide financial support; and the similarity with and significance to our business activities and the business activities of the other investors. Significant judgments related to these determinations include estimates about the current and future fair values and performance of real estate held by these VIEs and general market conditions.
As of March 31, 2014, we were the primary beneficiary of, and therefore consolidated, 63 VIEs, which owned 49 apartment communities with 7,656 apartment homes. Substantially all these VIEs are partnerships that operate qualifying affordable housing apartment communities and which are structured to provide for the pass-through of low-income housing tax credits and deductions to their partners. Real estate with a carrying value of $385.9 million collateralized $354.1 million of debt of those VIEs. Any significant amounts of assets and liabilities related to our consolidated VIEs are identified parenthetically on our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The creditors of the consolidated VIEs do not have recourse to our general credit.
In addition to the consolidated VIEs discussed above, at March 31, 2014, our consolidated financial statements included certain consolidated and unconsolidated VIEs that are part of the legacy asset management business we sold during 2012, which is discussed in Note 4. The assets and liabilities related to these consolidated and unconsolidated VIEs are each condensed into single line items within other assets and accrued liabilities and other, respectively, in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Generally, we consolidate real estate partnerships and other entities that are not variable interest entities when we own, directly or indirectly, a majority voting interest in the entity or are otherwise able to control the entity. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership that are held by limited partners other than Aimco are reflected in Aimco’s accompanying balance sheets as noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership. Interests in partnerships consolidated into the Aimco Operating Partnership that are held by third parties are reflected in our accompanying balance sheets as noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships. The assets of consolidated real estate partnerships owned or controlled by the Aimco Operating Partnership generally are not available to pay creditors of Aimco or the Aimco Operating Partnership.
As used herein, and except where the context otherwise requires, “partnership” refers to a limited partnership or a limited liability company and “partner” refers to a partner in a limited partnership or a member of a limited liability company.
Temporary Equity and Partners’ Capital
The following table presents a reconciliation of the Aimco Operating Partnership’s Preferred OP Units from December 31, 2013 to March 31, 2014 (in thousands). These amounts are presented within temporary equity in Aimco’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as preferred noncontrolling interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership, and within temporary capital in the Aimco Operating Partnership’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as redeemable preferred units.
Balance, December 31, 2013
$
79,953

Distributions to preferred unitholders
(1,605
)
Redemption of preferred units and other
(832
)
Net income
1,605

Balance, March 31, 2014
$
79,121


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Aimco Equity (including Noncontrolling Interests)
The following table presents a reconciliation of Aimco’s consolidated permanent equity accounts from December 31, 2013 to March 31, 2014 (in thousands):
 
Aimco
Equity
 
Noncontrolling
interests in
consolidated real estate
partnerships
 
Common
noncontrolling
interests in
Aimco Operating
Partnership
 
Total
Equity
Balance, December 31, 2013
$
967,457

 
$
233,008

 
$
(27,721
)
 
$
1,172,744

Contributions
—

 
458

 
—

 
458

Repurchase of preferred stock
(9,500
)
 
—

 
—

 
(9,500
)
Preferred stock dividends
(696
)
 
—

 
—

 
(696
)
Common dividends and distributions
(37,970
)
 
(20,999
)
 
(2,032
)
 
(61,001
)
Redemptions of common OP Units
—

 
—

 
(2,921
)
 
(2,921
)
Amortization of stock-based compensation cost
1,753

 
—

 
—

 
1,753

Stock option exercises
21

 
—

 
—

 
21

Effect of changes in ownership for consolidated entities
(3,575
)
 
(76
)
 
3,607

 
(44
)
Change in accumulated other comprehensive loss
101

 
26

 
5

 
132

Other
578

 
—

 
—

 
578

Net income
64,927

 
11,389

 
3,611

 
79,927

Balance, March 31, 2014
$
983,096

 
$
223,806

 
$
(25,451
)
 
$
1,181,451

Partners’ Capital attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership
The following table presents a reconciliation of the consolidated partners’ capital balances in permanent capital that are attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership from December 31, 2013 to March 31, 2014 (in thousands):
 
Partners’ capital
 attributable to
the Partnership
Balance, December 31, 2013
$
939,736

Repurchase of Preferred Units from Aimco
(9,500
)
Distributions to preferred units held by Aimco
(696
)
Distributions to common units held by Aimco
(37,970
)
Distributions to common units held by Limited Partners
(2,032
)
Redemption of common OP Units
(2,921
)
Amortization of Aimco stock-based compensation cost
1,753

Common OP Units issued to Aimco in connection with Aimco stock option exercises
21

Effect of changes in ownership for consolidated entities
32

Change in accumulated other comprehensive loss
106

Other
578

Net income
68,538

Balance, March 31, 2014
$
957,645

A separate reconciliation of noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships and total partners’ capital for the Aimco Operating Partnership is not presented as these amounts are identical to the corresponding noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships and total equity for Aimco, which are presented above.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts included in the financial statements and accompanying notes thereto. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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Note 3 — Disposals and Discontinued Operations
In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, or ASU 2014-08. ASU 2014-08 revised the definition of, and the requirements for reporting, a "discontinued operation." Specifically, ASU 2014-08 revised the reporting requirements to only allow a component of an entity, or group of components of an entity, to be reported in discontinued operations if their disposal represents a “strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results.”
For public companies, ASU 2014-08 is generally required to be applied prospectively to disposals of components of an entity or classifications as held for sale of components of an entity that occur in annual periods commencing after December 15, 2014; however, we elected to adopt ASU 2014-08 effective January 1, 2014, as permitted by the transition provisions, but only for disposals (or classifications as held for sale) that have not been reported in financial statements previously issued.
Under ASU 2014-08, we believe routine sales of apartment communities and certain groups of apartment communities generally do not meet the requirements for reporting within discontinued operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, we sold five apartment communities with an aggregate of 1,606 apartment homes. Based on our prospective application of the revised discontinued operation definition, the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, for these apartment communities is reflected within income from continuing operations in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. These apartment communities did not generate a significant amount of income (before gain on dispositions) prior to their sale during the three months ended March 31, 2014. The sale of these apartment communities resulted in a gain on disposition of real estate, net of tax, of $69.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014, which is reflected below income from discontinued operations within our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We report gains on disposition net of incremental direct costs incurred in connection with the transactions, including any prepayment penalties incurred upon repayment of property debt collateralized by the apartment communities being sold. Such prepayment penalties totaled $5.8 million for dispositions during the three months ended March 31, 2014.
In accordance with GAAP prior to our adoption of ASU 2014-08, we reported as discontinued operations apartment communities that met the definition of a component of an entity and had been sold or met the criteria to be classified as held for sale. For years ended December 31, 2013 or earlier, and interim periods within those years, we included the results of such apartment communities, including any gain or loss on their disposition, less applicable income taxes, in income from discontinued operations within the consolidated statements of operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2013, we sold three apartment communities with an aggregate of 66 apartment homes, and during the year ended December 31, 2013, we sold 29 consolidated apartment communities with an aggregate of 6,953 apartment homes. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013, for those apartment communities sold as of December 31, 2013, and gains related to apartment communities sold during the three months ended March 31, 2013, are included in discontinued operations and are summarized below, along with the related amounts of income from discontinued operations attributable to Aimco, the Aimco Operating Partnership and noncontrolling interests (in thousands).
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Rental and other property revenues
$
18,620

Property operating expenses
(8,553
)
Depreciation and amortization
(4,880
)
Recovery of real estate impairment losses
227

Operating income
5,414

Interest income
78

Interest expense
(4,201
)
Income before gain on dispositions of real estate and income tax
1,291

Gain on dispositions of real estate
3,329

Income tax expense
(124
)
Income from discontinued operations, net
$
4,496

Loss from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships
2,217

Income from discontinued operations attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership
6,713

Income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership
(316
)
Income from discontinued operations attributable to Aimco
$
6,397


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The gain on dispositions for the three months ended March 31, 2013, is net of incremental direct costs incurred in connection with the transactions, including $0.3 million of prepayment penalties incurred upon repayment of property debt collateralized by the apartment communities sold. For periods prior to our adoption of ASU 2014-08, we classified interest expense related to property debt within discontinued operations when the related apartment community was sold or classified as held for sale.
In connection with sales of apartment communities during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the purchasers assumed approximately $29.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of non-recourse property debt.
Note 4 — Other Significant Transactions
Asset Management Business Disposition
In December 2012, we sold the Napico portfolio, our legacy asset management business. The transaction was primarily seller-financed, and the associated notes are scheduled to be repaid over several years. The notes will be repaid from the operation and liquidation of the portfolio and are collateralized by the buyer’s interests in the portfolio. 
In accordance with the provisions of GAAP applicable to sales of real estate or interests therein, for accounting purposes, we have not recognized the sale and are accounting for the transaction under the profit sharing method. Until full payment has been received for the seller-financed notes, we will continue to recognize the portfolio’s assets and liabilities, each condensed into single line items within other assets and accrued liabilities and other, respectively, in our consolidated balance sheets, for all dates following the transaction. Similarly, we will continue to recognize the portfolio’s results of operations, also condensed into a single line item within our consolidated statements of operations, for periods subsequent to the transaction. To date we have received all required payments under the seller-financed notes.
At March 31, 2014, the Napico portfolio consisted of 17 partnerships that held investments in 14 apartment communities that were consolidated and 60 apartment communities that were accounted for under the equity or cost method of accounting. The portfolio’s assets and liabilities included in our condensed consolidated balance sheets are summarized below (in thousands):
 
March 31, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
Real estate, net
$
118,583

 
$
120,175

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash
30,334

 
29,046

Investment in unconsolidated real estate partnerships
10,335

 
10,817

Other assets
3,700

 
3,811

Total assets
$
162,952

 
$
163,849

 
 
 
 
Total indebtedness
$
106,971

 
$
106,032

Accrued and other liabilities
18,833

 
19,263

Total liabilities
$
125,804

 
$
125,295

 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships
34,945

 
35,818

Equity attributable to Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership
2,203

 
2,736

Total liabilities and equity
$
162,952

 
$
163,849

Summarized information regarding the Napico portfolio’s results of operations, including any expense we recognize under the profit sharing method, is shown below in thousands. The net loss related to Napico (before noncontrolling interests) is included in other, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Revenues
$
5,675

 
$
5,447

Expenses
(5,201
)
 
(5,664
)
Equity loss of unconsolidated entities, gains or losses on dispositions and other, net
(1,994
)
 
(2,489
)
Net loss related to legacy asset management business
(1,520
)
 
(2,706
)
Income tax benefit (expense) associated with legacy asset management business
70

 
(26
)
Loss allocated to noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships
899

 
2,682

Net losses of legacy asset management business attributable to Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership
$
(551
)
 
$
(50
)

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The results of operations for the consolidated apartment communities sold by the owner of this portfolio through December 31, 2013, are presented within income from discontinued operations in our consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013, and are excluded from the summary above.
Based on our limited economic ownership in this portfolio, most of the assets and liabilities are allocated to noncontrolling interests and do not significantly affect our consolidated equity and partners’ capital. Additionally, the operating results of this portfolio generally have an insignificant effect on the amounts of income or loss attributable to us. Income or loss attributable to these noncontrolling interests will continue to be recognized commensurate with the recognition of the results of operations of the portfolio. If full payment is received on the notes and we meet the requirements to recognize the sale for accounting purposes, we expect to recognize a gain attributable to Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership.
Note 5 — Fair Value Measurements
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
We measure at fair value on a recurring basis our investment in the securitization trust that holds certain of our property debt, which we classify as available for sale (AFS) securities, and our interest rate swaps. Information regarding these items measured at fair value, both of which are classified within Level 2 of the GAAP fair value hierarchy, is presented below (in thousands):
 
AFS Investments
 
Interest Rate Swaps
 
Total
Fair value at December 31, 2012
$
59,145

 
$
(7,968
)
 
$
51,177

Investment accretion included in interest income
830

 
—

 
830

Unrealized losses included in interest expense
—

 
(12
)
 
(12
)
Losses on interest rate swaps reclassified into interest expense from accumulated other comprehensive loss
—

 
420

 
420

Unrealized (losses) gains included in equity and partners’ capital
(1,708
)
 
176

 
(1,532
)
Fair value at March 31, 2013
$
58,267

 
$
(7,384
)
 
$
50,883

 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value at December 31, 2013
58,408

 
(4,604
)
 
53,804

Investment accretion included in interest income
920

 
—

 
920

Unrealized losses included in interest expense
—

 
(12
)
 
(12
)
Losses on interest rate swaps reclassified into interest expense from accumulated other comprehensive loss
—

 
426

 
426

Unrealized gains (losses) included in equity and partners’ capital
467

 
(761
)
 
(294
)
Fair value at March 31, 2014
$
59,795

 
$
(4,951
)
 
$
54,844

Our investments classified as AFS are presented within other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We hold the most subordinate position in the securitization, along with several mezzanine positions. We estimate the fair value of these investments using an income and market approach with primarily observable inputs, including yields and other information regarding similar types of investments, and adjusted for certain unobservable inputs specific to these investments. We are accreting the discount to the $100.9 million face value of the investments into interest income using the effective interest method over the remaining expected term of the investments, which, as of March 31, 2014, was approximately 7.2 years. Our amortized cost basis for these investments, which represents the original cost adjusted for interest accretion less interest payments received, was $60.7 million and $59.8 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. The amortized cost exceeded the fair value of the most subordinate position at March 31, 2014, primarily due to increases in market interest rates and a decrease in demand for similar investments as compared to when we purchased the investments. We currently expect to hold each of the investments to their maturity dates and we believe we will fully recover our basis in the investments. Accordingly, we believe the current impairment in the fair value, as compared to the amortized cost basis, of the most subordinate position is temporary and we have not recognized any of the loss in value in earnings.
For our variable rate debt, we are sometimes required by limited partners in our consolidated real estate partnerships to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations by entering into interest rate swap agreements, which moderate our exposure to interest rate risk by effectively converting the interest on variable rate debt to a fixed rate. We estimate the fair value of interest rate swaps using an income approach with primarily observable inputs including information regarding the hedged variable cash flows and forward yield curves relating to the variable interest rates on which the hedged cash flows are based.

16
Table of Contents

As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we had interest rate swaps with aggregate notional amounts of $50.6 million and $50.7 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2014, these swaps had a weighted average remaining term of 6.8 years. We have designated these interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges. The fair value of these swaps is presented within accrued liabilities and other in our consolidated balance sheets, and we recognize any changes in the fair value as an adjustment of accumulated other comprehensive loss within equity and partners’ capital to the extent of their effectiveness.
If the forward rates at March 31, 2014, remain constant, we estimate that during the next 12 months, we would reclassify into earnings approximately $1.7 million of the unrealized losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss. If market interest rates increase above the 3.43% weighted average fixed rate under these interest rate swaps we will benefit from net cash payments due to us from our counterparty to the interest rate swaps.
Fair Value Disclosures
We believe that the aggregate fair value of our cash and cash equivalents, receivables and payables approximates their aggregate carrying amounts at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, due to their relatively short-term nature and high probability of realization. The estimated aggregate fair value of our consolidated debt (including outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility) was approximately $4.6 billion and $4.5 billion at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, as compared to aggregate carrying amounts of $4.4 billion and $4.4 billion, respectively. We estimate the fair value of our consolidated debt using an income and market approach, including comparison of the contractual terms to observable and unobservable inputs such as market interest rate risk spreads, contractual interest rates, remaining periods to maturity, collateral quality and loan to value ratios on similarly encumbered assets within our portfolio. We classify the fair value of our consolidated debt within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy based on the significance of certain of the unobservable inputs used to estimate their fair values.
Note 6 — Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
In connection with our redevelopment and capital improvement activities, we have entered into various construction related contracts. Additionally, pursuant to financing and/or other arrangements on our One Canal Street, Lincoln Place, Pacific Bay Vistas and The Preserve at Marin projects we are contractually obligated to complete the planned activities. As of March 31, 2014, our commitments related to these capital activities totaled approximately $302.1 million, over half of which we expect to incur during the next 12 months. We also enter into certain commitments for future purchases of goods and services in connection with the operations of our apartment communities. Those commitments generally have terms of one year or less and reflect expenditure levels comparable to our historical expenditures.
Tax Credit Arrangements
We are required to manage certain consolidated real estate partnerships in compliance with various laws, regulations and contractual provisions that apply to our historic and low-income housing tax credit syndication arrangements. In some instances, noncompliance with applicable requirements could result in projected tax benefits not being realized and require a refund or reduction of investor capital contributions, which are reported as deferred income in our condensed consolidated balance sheet, until such time as our obligation to deliver tax benefits is relieved. The remaining compliance periods for our tax credit syndication arrangements range from less than one year to 12 years. We do not anticipate that any material refunds or reductions of investor capital contributions will be required in connection with these arrangements.
Income Taxes
On October 25, 2012, the Internal Revenue Service issued Final Partnership Administrative Adjustments with respect to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s 2006 and 2007 tax years.  On January 18, 2013, AIMCO-GP, Inc., in its capacity as tax matters partner of the Aimco Operating Partnership, filed a petition challenging those adjustments in the United States Tax Court in Washington, D.C.  On December 20, 2013, the parties agreed on the terms of a settlement of that litigation. The parties are in the process of documenting that settlement. The settlement regarding the 2006 or 2007 proposed adjustments will not have any material effect on our unrecognized tax benefits, financial condition or results of operations.
On March 19, 2014, the Internal Revenue Service notified the Aimco Operating Partnership of its intent to audit the 2011 and 2012 tax years.  We do not believe the audit will have any material effect on our unrecognized tax benefits, financial condition or results of operations.
Legal Matters

17
Table of Contents

In addition to the matters described below, we are a party to various legal actions and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, some of which are covered by our general liability insurance program, and none of which we expect to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Limited Partnerships
In connection with our acquisitions of interests in real estate partnerships, we are sometimes subject to legal actions, including allegations that such activities may involve breaches of fiduciary duties to the partners of such real estate partnerships or violations of the relevant partnership agreements. We may incur costs in connection with the defense or settlement of such litigation. We believe that we comply with our fiduciary obligations and relevant partnership agreements. Although the outcome of any litigation is uncertain, we do not expect any such legal actions to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Environmental
Various federal, state and local laws subject apartment community owners or operators to liability for management, and the costs of removal or remediation, of certain potentially hazardous materials present on an apartment community, including lead-based paint, asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls, petroleum-based fuels, and other miscellaneous materials. Such laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the release or presence of such materials. The presence of, or the failure to manage or remedy properly, these materials may adversely affect occupancy at affected apartment communities and the ability to sell or finance affected apartment communities. In addition to the costs associated with investigation and remediation actions brought by government agencies, and potential fines or penalties imposed by such agencies in connection therewith, the improper management of these materials on an apartment community could result in claims by private plaintiffs for personal injury, disease, disability or other infirmities. Various laws also impose liability for the cost of removal, remediation or disposal of these materials through a licensed disposal or treatment facility. Anyone who arranges for the disposal or treatment of these materials is potentially liable under such laws for the proper operation of the disposal facility. These laws often impose liability whether or not the person arranging for the disposal ever owned or operated the disposal facility. In connection with the ownership, operation and management of apartment communities, we could potentially be responsible for environmental liabilities or costs associated with our apartment communities or communities we acquire or manage in the future.
We have determined that our legal obligations to remove or remediate certain potentially hazardous materials may be conditional asset retirement obligations, as defined in GAAP. Except in limited circumstances where the asset retirement activities are expected to be performed in connection with a planned construction project or apartment community casualty, we believe that the fair value of our asset retirement obligations cannot be reasonably estimated due to significant uncertainties in the timing and manner of settlement of those obligations. Asset retirement obligations that are reasonably estimable as of March 31, 2014, are immaterial to our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

18
Table of Contents

Note 7 — Earnings (Loss) per Share/Unit
Aimco
Aimco calculates earnings (loss) per share based on the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock, participating securities, common stock equivalents and dilutive convertible securities outstanding during the period. The following table illustrates Aimco’s calculation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands, except per share data):
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Numerator:
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
12,040

 
$
(1,663
)
Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of tax
69,492

 
—

(Income) loss from continuing operations and gain on dispositions attributable to noncontrolling interests
(16,605
)
 
1,158

Income attributable to preferred stockholders
(454
)
 
(702
)
Income attributable to participating securities
(239
)
 
(140
)
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Aimco common stockholders
$
64,234

 
$
(1,347
)
Income from discontinued operations    
$
—

 
$
4,496

Loss from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
1,901

Income from discontinued operations attributable to Aimco common stockholders
$
—

 
$
6,397

Net income    
$
81,532

 
$
2,833

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(16,605
)
 
3,059

Net income attributable to preferred stockholders
(454
)
 
(702
)
Net income attributable to participating securities
(239
)
 
(140
)
Net income attributable to Aimco common stockholders
$
64,234

 
$
5,050

Denominator:
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic
145,473

 
145,169

 Dilutive potential common shares
208

 
—

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted
145,681

 
145,169

Earnings (loss) per common share – basic and diluted:
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Aimco common stockholders
$
0.44

 
$
(0.01
)
Income from discontinued operations attributable to Aimco common stockholders
—

 
0.04

Net income attributable to Aimco common stockholders
$
0.44

 
$
0.03


19
Table of Contents

The Aimco Operating Partnership
The Aimco Operating Partnership calculates earnings (loss) per unit based on the weighted average number of common partnership units and equivalents, participating securities and dilutive convertible securities outstanding during the period. The Aimco Operating Partnership considers both common OP Units and HPUs, which have identical rights to distributions and undistributed earnings, to be common units for purposes of the earnings per unit data presented below. The following table illustrates the Aimco Operating Partnership’s calculation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per unit for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands, except per unit data):
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Numerator:
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
12,040

 
$
(1,663
)
Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of tax
69,492

 
—

(Income) loss from continuing operations and gain on dispositions attributable to noncontrolling interests
(11,389
)
 
2,745

Income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s preferred unitholders
(2,059
)
 
(2,308
)
Income attributable to participating securities
(239
)
 
(140
)
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
$
67,845

 
$
(1,366
)
Income from discontinued operations    
$
—

 
$
4,496

Loss from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
2,217

Income from discontinued operations attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
$
—

 
$
6,713

Net income
$
81,532

 
$
2,833

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(11,389
)
 
4,962

Net income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s preferred unitholders
(2,059
)
 
(2,308
)
Net income attributable to participating securities
(239
)
 
(140
)
Net income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
$
67,845

 
$
5,347

Denominator:
 
 
 
Weighted average common units outstanding – basic
153,329

 
153,169

 Dilutive potential common units
208

 
—

Weighted average common units outstanding – diluted
153,537

 
153,169

Earnings (loss) per common unit – basic and diluted:
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
$
0.44

 
$
(0.01
)
Income from discontinued operations attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
—

 
0.04

Net income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s common unitholders
$
0.44

 
$
0.03

Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership
As of March 31, 2014, the common share equivalents or common partnership unit equivalents that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share or unit in future periods totaled 3.0 million. These securities represent options to purchase shares of Common Stock, which, if exercised, would result in Aimco’s issuance of additional shares and the Aimco Operating Partnership’s issuance to Aimco of additional common partnership units equal to the number of shares purchased under the options. The effect of these securities was dilutive for the three months ended March 31, 2014, and accordingly has been included in the denominator for calculating diluted earnings per share and unit during these periods. These securities have been excluded from the earnings (loss) per share or unit computations for the three months ended March 31, 2013, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. Participating securities, consisting of unvested restricted shares of Common Stock, receive dividends similar to shares of Common Stock and common partnership units and totaled 0.5 million and 0.6 million at March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The effect of participating securities is included in basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share and unit computations for the periods presented above using the two-class method of allocating distributed and undistributed earnings.

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Various classes of preferred OP Units of the Aimco Operating Partnership are outstanding. Depending on the terms of each class, these preferred OP Units are convertible into common OP Units or redeemable for cash or, at the Aimco Operating Partnership’s option, Common Stock, and are paid distributions varying from 1.8% to 8.8% per annum per unit. As of March 31, 2014, a total of 2.9 million preferred OP Units were outstanding with an aggregate redemption value of $79.1 million and were potentially redeemable for approximately 2.6 million shares of Common Stock (based on the period end market price), or cash at the Aimco Operating Partnership’s option. The Aimco Operating Partnership has a redemption policy that requires cash settlement of redemption requests for the preferred OP Units, subject to limited exceptions. Accordingly, we have excluded these securities from earnings (loss) per share and unit computations for the periods presented above, and we expect to exclude them in future periods.
Note 8 — Business Segments
We have two reportable segments: conventional real estate operations and affordable real estate operations. Our conventional real estate operations consist of market-rate apartment communities with rents paid by the residents and included 161 apartment communities with 49,314 apartment homes at March 31, 2014. Our affordable real estate operations consisted of 72 apartment communities with 9,680 apartment homes at March 31, 2014, with rents that are generally paid, in whole or part, by a government agency.
Due to the diversity of our economic ownership interests in our apartment communities, our chief executive officer, who is our operating decision maker, uses proportionate property net operating income to asses the operating performance of our apartment communities. Proportionate property net operating income reflects our share of rental and other property revenues less direct property operating expenses, including real estate taxes, for the consolidated and unconsolidated apartment communities that we manage.
The following tables present the revenues, net operating income (loss) and income (loss) from continuing operations of our conventional and affordable real estate operations segments on a proportionate basis for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands):
 
Conventional
Real Estate
Operations
 
Affordable
Real Estate
Operations
 
Proportionate
Adjustments (1)
 
Corporate and
Amounts Not
Allocated to
Segments (2)
 
Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2014:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rental and other property revenues (3)
$
204,314

 
$
24,243

 
$
8,865

 
$
2,714

 
$
240,136

Tax credit and asset management revenues
—

 
—

 
—

 
8,788

 
8,788

Total revenues
204,314

 
24,243

 
8,865

 
11,502

 
248,924

Property operating expenses (3)
73,751

 
10,576

 
3,242

 
11,701

 
99,270

Investment management expenses
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,252

 
1,252

Depreciation and amortization (3)
—

 
—

 
—

 
70,307

 
70,307

General and administrative expenses
—

 
—

 
—

 
10,532

 
10,532

Other expense, net
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,390

 
2,390

Total operating expenses
73,751

 
10,576

 
3,242

 
96,182

 
183,751

Net operating income (loss)
130,563

 
13,667

 
5,623

 
(84,680
)
 
65,173

Other items included in continuing operations
—

 
—

 
—

 
(53,133
)
 
(53,133
)
Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
130,563

 
$
13,667

 
$
5,623

 
$
(137,813
)
 
$
12,040


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Conventional
Real Estate
Operations
 
Affordable
Real Estate
Operations
 
Proportionate
Adjustments (1)
 
Corporate and
Amounts Not
Allocated to
Segments (2)
 
Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rental and other property revenues (3)
$
193,441

 
$
23,994

 
$
8,476

 
$
4,341

 
$
230,252

Tax credit and asset management revenues
—

 
—

 
—

 
7,252

 
7,252

Total revenues
193,441

 
23,994

 
8,476

 
11,593

 
237,504

Property operating expenses (3)
70,099

 
9,952

 
3,020

 
10,797

 
93,868

Investment management expenses
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,433

 
1,433

Depreciation and amortization (3)
—

 
—

 
—

 
75,716

 
75,716

General and administrative expenses
—

 
—

 
—

 
11,779

 
11,779

Other expense, net
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,069

 
2,069

Total operating expenses
70,099

 
9,952

 
3,020

 
101,794

 
184,865

Net operating income (loss)
123,342

 
14,042

 
5,456

 
(90,201
)
 
52,639

Other items included in continuing operations
—

 
—

 
—

 
(54,302
)
 
(54,302
)
Income (loss) from continuing operations
$
123,342

 
$
14,042

 
$
5,456

 
$
(144,503
)
 
$
(1,663
)
(1)
Represents adjustments for the noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships’ share of the results of our consolidated properties and the results of consolidated properties that we do not manage, which are excluded from our measurement of segment performance but included in the related consolidated amounts, and our share of the results of operations of our unconsolidated real estate partnerships that we manage, which are included in our measurement of segment performance but excluded from the related consolidated amounts.
(2)
Our basis for assessing segment performance excludes the results of apartment communities sold or classified as held for sale. As discussed in Note 3, effective January 1, 2014, we adopted ASU 2014-08, which revised the definition of a discontinued operation. In the segment presentation above, the current year and prior year operating results for apartment communities sold during 2014 are presented within the Corporate and Amounts Not Allocated to Segments column. The operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2013, for apartment communities sold through December 31, 2013, are presented within discontinued operations and are accordingly excluded from the segment presentation above.
(3)
Proportionate property net operating income, our key measurement of segment profit or loss excludes property management revenues (which are included in rental and other property revenues), property management expenses and casualty gains and losses (which are included in property operating expenses) and depreciation and amortization and provision for real estate impairment losses. Accordingly, we do not allocate these amounts to our segments.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, capital additions related to our conventional segment totaled $86.6 million and $64.6 million, respectively, and capital additions related to our affordable segment totaled $1.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively.

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ITEM 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward Looking Statements
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements in certain circumstances. Certain information included in this report contains or may contain information that is forward-looking, within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including, without limitation, statements regarding: our ability to maintain current or meet projected occupancy, rental rates and property operating results; the effect of acquisitions, dispositions, developments and redevelopments; our ability to meet budgeted costs and timelines, and achieve budgeted rental rates related to our development and redevelopment projects; and our ability to comply with debt covenants, including financial coverage ratios.
Actual results may differ materially from those described in these forward-looking statements and, in addition, may be affected by a variety of risks and factors, some of which are beyond our control, including, without limitation: financing risks, including the availability and cost of financing and the risk that our cash flows from operations may be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest; the risk that our earnings may not be sufficient to maintain compliance with debt covenants; real estate risks, including fluctuations in real estate values and the general economic climate in the markets in which we operate and competition for residents in such markets; national and local economic conditions, including the pace of job growth and the level of unemployment; the terms of governmental regulations that affect us and interpretations of those regulations; the competitive environment in which we operate; the timing of acquisitions, dispositions, developments and redevelopments; insurance risk, including the cost of insurance; natural disasters and severe weather such as hurricanes; litigation, including costs associated with prosecuting or defending claims and any adverse outcomes; energy costs; and possible environmental liabilities, including costs, fines or penalties that may be incurred due to necessary remediation of contamination of apartment communities presently owned or previously owned by us. In addition, our current and continuing qualification as a real estate investment trust involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and depends on our ability to meet the various requirements imposed by the Internal Revenue Code, through actual operating results, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership.
Readers should carefully review our financial statements and the notes thereto, as well as the section entitled “Risk Factors” described in Item 1A of Apartment Investment and Management Company’s and AIMCO Properties, L.P.’s combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, and the other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. As used herein and except as the context otherwise requires, “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Apartment Investment and Management Company (which we refer to as Aimco), AIMCO Properties, L.P. (which we refer to as the Aimco Operating Partnership) and their consolidated entities, collectively.
Executive Overview
Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership are focused on the ownership, management and redevelopment of quality apartment communities located in the largest coastal and job growth markets in the United States. Our business activities are defined by a commitment to our core values of integrity, respect, collaboration, a focus on our customers and a performance culture. These values and our corporate mission, to consistently provide quality apartment homes in a respectful environment delivered by a team of people who care, continually shape our culture. In all our dealings with residents, team members, business partners and equity holders, we aim to be the best owner and operator of apartment communities and an outstanding corporate citizen.
Our principal financial objective is to provide predictable and attractive returns to our equity holders, as measured by growth in our Net Asset Value and Adjusted Funds From Operations (each defined under the Key Financial Indicators heading below). Our business plan to achieve this objective is to:
•
operate our portfolio of desirable apartment homes with valued amenities, with a high level of customer service and in an efficient manner that realizes the benefits of our local management expertise;
•
improve our geographically diversified portfolio of apartment communities, which average “B/B+” in quality (defined below) by selling apartment communities inconsistent with our portfolio strategy and investing the proceeds from such sales through property upgrades, capital improvements, redevelopment, development and acquisition of higher-quality apartment communities; and
•
provide financial leverage primarily by the use of non-recourse, long-dated, fixed-rate property debt and perpetual preferred equity, a combination which helps to limit our refunding and re-pricing risk and provides a hedge against increases in interest rates, capitalization rates and inflation.

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Our property operations consist primarily of our diversified portfolio of market-rate apartment communities, which we refer to as conventional apartment communities. At March 31, 2014, our conventional property operations included 161 apartment communities with 49,314 apartment homes in which we held an average ownership of approximately 97%. We also operate a portfolio of affordable apartment communities, which consists of apartments with rents that are generally paid, in whole or part, by a government agency. At March 31, 2014, our affordable property operations consisted of 72 apartment communities with 9,680 apartment homes in which we held an average ownership of approximately 89%. Our conventional and affordable property operations comprise our reportable segments and generated 91% and 9%, respectively, of our proportionate property net operating income (defined below under the Results of Operations – Property Operations heading) during the three months ended March 31, 2014. Over the next four to five years, we expect to dispose of our affordable apartment communities and reinvest the proceeds in our conventional portfolio.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, excluding the results of sold apartment communities, our conventional portfolio had average revenue per effective apartment home of $1,505 and provided 64% operating margins and 59% free cash flow margins. Free cash flow, or FCF, as calculated for our retained portfolio, represents an apartment community's property net operating income, less capital spending required to maintain the condition of the apartment community. Average revenue per effective apartment home represents rental and other property revenues divided by the number of actual apartment homes multiplied by our ownership interest in the property as of the end of the current period. The average revenue per apartment home for our conventional portfolio increased 9.9% from average revenues of $1,370 for the three months ended March 31, 2013, as a result of year-over-year per home revenue growth of 4.3% for our conventional same store properties and the sale of conventional apartment communities during 2013 with average revenues per home substantially lower than the apartment communities in the retained portfolio. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, on average, combined conventional new and renewal lease rates were 2.8% higher than expiring lease rates.
Our portfolio strategy seeks predictable rent growth from a portfolio of “A,” “B” and “C” quality market-rate apartment communities, which average “B/B+” in quality and are diversified among the largest coastal and job growth markets in the United States, as measured by total apartment value. We measure conventional apartment community quality based on average rents of our apartment homes compared to local market average rents as reported by a third-party provider of commercial real estate performance and analysis. Under this rating system, we classify as “A” quality apartment communities those earning rents greater than 125% of the local market average, as "B" quality apartment communities those earning rents 90% to 125% of the local market average and as “C” quality apartment communities those earning rents less than 90% of the local market average. We classify as “B/B+” those apartment communities earning rents ranging from 100% to 125% of the local market average. Although some companies and analysts within the multifamily real estate industry use apartment community class ratings of “A,” “B” and “C,” some of which are tied to local market rent averages, the metrics used to classify apartment community quality as well as the timing for which local markets rents are calculated may vary from company to company. Accordingly, our rating system for measuring apartment community quality is neither broadly nor consistently used in the multifamily real estate industry.
We upgrade the quality of our portfolio through the sale of apartment communities with lower projected returns, lower operating margins, and lower expected future rent growth, and we reinvest the sale proceeds in apartment communities already in our portfolio, through property upgrades, capital improvements and redevelopment, or through the purchase of other apartment communities and, in limited situations, the development of apartment communities. We execute our strategy though leverage neutral, tax-efficient paired trades when the projected FCF internal rate of return exceeds that of the apartment community sold and portfolio quality is enhanced. For the purpose of comparing FCF of dispositions to future investments, we calculate FCF internal rate of return using an assumed future $1,200 of capital spending per apartment home required to maintain the condition of the apartment community
During 2012 and 2013, our execution of this strategy resulted in the sale of approximately 40 conventional apartment communities and 60 affordable apartment communities with average revenue per effective apartment home of $863. We reinvested the sales proceeds through: redevelopment and development projects, which, at the time of the investments, we expected to yield average revenue per effective apartment home of $2,200; the acquisition of six apartment communities with average revenue per apartment home of $1,490 at their dates of purchase; and property upgrades. The projected FCF internal rate of return of the apartment communities sold during this period ranged from 6-7%, as compared to a range of 8-15% for our reinvestments through redevelopment, development, acquisition and property upgrades.
In addition to improving our portfolio through the capital expenditures discussed below under the Liquidity and Capital Resources heading, during the three months ended March 31, 2014, we upgraded our portfolio through the acquisition for $12.0 million of two buildings containing a total of 40 units in the Upper East Side of Manhattan. Each of these buildings is contiguous to other buildings we own and operate, allowing for operational efficiency, as well as the assemblage of air rights. The apartment buildings we acquired had average revenues per home of $2,120 at the the date of their acquisition. Aimco intends to add value to the apartment buildings through redevelopment of apartment homes and operational improvements.

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Our leverage strategy seeks to balance our desire to increase financial returns with the inherent risks of leverage and we have set leverage targets of Debt and Preferred Equity to Adjusted EBITDA of less than 7.0x and Adjusted EBITDA Coverage of Interest and Preferred Dividends of greater than 2.5x. We also focus on the ratios of Debt to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Coverage of Interest.
Debt, as used in these ratios, represents our proportionate share of debt, net of our proportionate share of cash and restricted cash and our investment in the subordinate tranches of a securitization that holds certain of our property debt, and Preferred Equity represents Aimco’s preferred stock and the Aimco Operating Partnership’s preferred OP Units. Adjusted EBITDA is calculated by adding to our Pro forma Funds From Operations, which is calculated on a proportionate basis, our proportionate share of interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization related to non-real estate assets, non-cash stock-based compensation, and dividends and distributions on our preferred equity instruments.  Interest, as used in these ratios, represents our proportionate share of interest expense, excluding debt prepayment penalties and amortization of deferred financing costs, and reduced by interest income we receive on our investment in the subordinate tranches of a securitization that holds certain of our property debt. Our leverage ratios for the trailing twelve month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, are presented below:
 
Trailing Twelve Months Ended March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Debt to Adjusted EBITDA
7.1x
 
7.5x
Debt and Preferred Equity to Adjusted EBITDA
7.4x
 
7.8x
Adjusted EBITDA Coverage of Interest
2.6x
 
2.4x
Adjusted EBITDA Coverage of Interest and Preferred Dividends
2.5x
 
2.3x
We expect future leverage reduction from earnings growth and from regularly scheduled property debt amortization funded from retained earnings. We also expect to increase our financial flexibility by expanding our pool of unencumbered apartment communities. As of March 31, 2014, this pool included eight consolidated apartment communities, which we expect to hold beyond 2014, with an estimated fair value of approximately $410.0 million. As of March 31, 2014, we also had two unencumbered consolidated apartment communities with an estimated fair value of approximately $106.0 million, which we do not include in our unencumbered pool based on our expectation to sell them during 2014. Through our normal course of refinancing activity as loans mature, we have the opportunity to grow our unencumbered pool by $150 to $200 million per year.
In June 2013, one of the rating agencies rating us completed its initial review of our creditworthiness and outlined the factors that may have a positive impact on our ratings. These factors are: growing the unencumbered asset pool to more than $500 million (based on a stressed 8% capitalization rate, as directed by the rating agency) with asset quality consistent with the overall portfolio; sustaining leverage, defined by the rating agency as the ratio of net debt to recurring operating EBITDA, below 7.5x; and sustaining a fixed charge coverage ratio, also as defined by the rating agency, above 2.0x.
In April 2014, the other agency rating us upgraded our credit rating outlook, from BB+ (stable) to BB+ (positive), which is consistent with the other agency’s rating. During its review, this agency also outlined the factors that would have a positive impact on our ratings, which include: reducing our leverage, as measured by a debt to EBITDA ratio closer to the low end of the range of 7.0x to 7.5x; reducing our ratio of debt to undepreciated capital (defined as the sum of debt, equity and accumulated depreciation), to 50% or lower; and continuing to strengthen our fixed charge coverage ratio such that the agency believes a 2.0x coverage is achievable.
These rating agencies use different methodologies and ratios for assessing our credit rating. Although the descriptions of some of the ratios they use are similar to those we use to measure our leverage, there are differences in our methods of calculation and therefore our leverage ratios disclosed above are not indicative of the ratios as may be calculated by these agencies.
In addition to lowering the cost of borrowings under our line of credit, an increase in our credit rating to an investment-grade may lower the cost of any future preferred equity issuance, provide additional flexibility for sources of capital and provide other intangible benefits.
At March 31, 2014, approximately 94% of our leverage consisted of property-level, non-recourse, long-dated debt and 3% consisted of perpetual preferred equity, a combination which helps to limit our refunding and re-pricing risk. The weighted average maturity of our property-level debt was 8.2 years, with 1.8% of our unpaid principal balance maturing during the remainder of 2014, and on average, 7.8% of our unpaid principal balance maturing per year from 2015 through 2017. Approximately 97% of our property-level debt is fixed-rate, which provides a hedge against increases in interest rates, capitalization rates and inflation.

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Although our primary sources of leverage are property-level, non-recourse, long-dated, fixed-rate, amortizing debt and perpetual preferred equity, we also have a Senior Secured Credit Agreement with a syndicate of financial institutions, which we refer to as our Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement provides for $600.0 million of revolving loan commitments, which we use for working capital and other short-term purposes. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate set forth on a pricing grid, which varies based on our leverage. As of March 31, 2014, we had $110.1 million of outstanding borrowings under our Credit Agreement, and we had the capacity to borrow $445.4 million, net of the outstanding borrowings and $44.5 million for undrawn letters of credit backed by the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement matures in September 2017, and may be extended for an additional one-year period, subject to certain conditions.
Under the Credit Agreement, we have agreed to Debt Service and Fixed Charge Coverage covenants as specified by the lenders, as well as other covenants customary to similar revolving credit arrangements. For the twelve month period ended March 31, 2014, our Debt Service and Fixed Charge Coverage ratios were 1.80x and 1.74x, respectively, compared to covenants of 1.50x and 1.30x, respectively, and ratios of 1.68x and 1.58x, respectively, for the twelve month period ended March 31, 2013. We expect to remain in compliance with these covenants during the remainder of 2014. The Fixed Charge Coverage covenant will increase in 2015 to 1.40x.
Key Financial Indicators
The key financial indicators that we use in managing our business and in evaluating our financial condition and operating performance are: Net Asset Value and Adjusted Funds From Operations. In addition to these indicators, we also use Pro forma Funds From Operations; Free Cash Flow, Free Cash Flow internal rate of return, same store property operating results, proportionate property net operating income, financial coverage ratios, and leverage as shown on our balance sheet to evaluate our operating performance and financial condition.
Net Asset Value is the estimated fair value of our assets, net of liabilities, noncontrolling interests and preferred equity. Adjusted Funds From Operations and Pro forma Funds From Operations are defined and further described below under the Funds From Operations and Adjusted Funds From Operations heading, and proportionate property net operating income is defined and further described below under the Results of Operations – Property Operations heading. Free Cash Flow represents net operating income less spending for Capital Replacements and Free Cash Flow internal rate of return represents the rate of return generated by the Free Cash Flow from an apartment community and the proceeds from its eventual sale, and is a common benchmark used in the real estate industry for relative comparison of real estate valuations.
The key macro-economic factors and non-financial indicators that affect our financial condition and operating performance are: household formations; rates of job growth; single-family and multifamily housing starts; interest rates; and availability and cost of financing.
Results of Operations
Because our operating results depend primarily on income from our apartment communities, the supply of and demand for apartments influences our operating results. Additionally, the level of expenses required to operate and maintain our apartment communities and the pace and price at which we redevelop, acquire and dispose of our apartment communities affect our operating results.
The following discussion and analysis of the results of our operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1.
Overview
Highlights of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014, are summarized below:
•
Conventional Same Store revenues and expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2014, increased by 4.6% and 2.8%, respectively, resulting in a 5.6% increase in net operating income as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013;
•
Average revenue per apartment home for our retained portfolio of Conventional apartment communities increased by 9.9%, from $1,370 for the three months ended March 31, 2013 to $1,505 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 primarily as a result of year-over-year revenue growth of 4.3% and the sale of Conventional apartment communities with average revenues per apartment home substantially lower that those of our retained portfolio; and
•
Average daily occupancy for Conventional Same Store apartment communities increased from 95.4% for three months ended March 31, 2013 to 95.7% for three months ended March 31, 2014.

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Table of Contents

Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 compared to March 31, 2013
Net income attributable to Aimco and net income attributable to the Aimco Operating Partnership increased by $59.0 million and $62.3 million, respectively, during the the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013. The increase in income for Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership was principally due to an increase in gains on dispositions.
The following paragraphs discuss these and other items affecting the results of operations of Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership in more detail.
Property Operations
As described under the preceding Executive Overview heading, our owned real estate portfolio consists primarily of conventional apartment communities, and we also operate a portfolio of affordable apartment communities. Our conventional and affordable property operations comprise our reportable segments.
In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, we consolidate certain apartment communities in which we hold an insignificant economic interest and in some cases we do not consolidate other apartment communities in which we have a significant economic interest. Due to the diversity of our economic ownership interests in our apartment communities, our chief operating decision maker emphasizes as a key measurement of segment profit or loss proportionate property net operating income, which represents our share of the property net operating income of the consolidated and unconsolidated apartment communities that we own and manage. Accordingly, the results of operations of our conventional and affordable segments discussed below are presented on a proportionate basis and exclude the results of four conventional apartment communities with 142 apartment homes and 19 affordable apartment communities with 1,276 apartment homes that we do not manage.
We do not include the net operating income related to apartment communities that have been sold or classified as held for sale, property management revenues, offsite costs associated with property management or casualty-related amounts in our assessment of segment performance. Accordingly, these items are not allocated to our segment results discussed below. Refer to Note 8 in the condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1 for further discussion regarding our reportable segments, including a reconciliation of these proportionate amounts to consolidated rental and other property revenues and property operating expenses.
Conventional Real Estate Operations
Our conventional segment consists of properties we classify as Conventional Same Store, Conventional Redevelopment and Other Conventional apartment communities. Conventional Same Store apartment communities are those we manage, that have reached and maintained a stabilized occupancy (greater than 90%) during the current year-to-date and prior year-to-date periods, and that are not expected to be sold within 12 months. Conventional Redevelopment apartment communities are those in which a substantial number of available apartment homes have been vacated for major renovations or have not been stabilized in occupancy for at least one year as of the earliest period presented, or for which other significant non-apartment home renovations are underway or have been complete for less than one year. Based on the small number of Conventional Redevelopment apartment communities at March 31, 2014, we have included their results in the Other Conventional classification within the presentation below. Other Conventional apartment communities also includes conventional apartment communities that have significant rent control restrictions, apartment communities that had not reached and maintained a stabilized level of occupancy as of January 1, 2013, often due to a casualty event, the operations of properties that are not multifamily, such as fitness centers, apartment communities acquired during the periods, and those apartment communities we expect to sell in the next 12 months, but that have not yet met the criteria to be classified as held for sale.
As of March 31, 2014, as defined by our segment performance metrics, our Conventional Same Store portfolio and our Other Conventional portfolio consisted of 117 and 40 apartment communities with 42,174 and 6,998 apartment homes, respectively. From December 31, 2013 to March 31, 2014, on a net basis, our Conventional Same Store portfolio decreased by five apartment communities and 2,966 apartment homes. The decreases in our Conventional Same Store portfolio consisted of three apartment communities with 1,219 apartment homes that were sold, three apartment communities with 1,666 apartment homes that were reclassified from our Conventional Same Store portfolio portfolio to our Conventional Other portfolio that we expect to sell within 12 months but that do not yet meet the criteria for classification as held for sale, and one apartment community with 537 apartment homes that was reclassified from our Conventional Same Store portfolio portfolio to our Conventional Other portfolio when we commenced redevelopment of the community. These decreases were partially offset by two apartment communities with 372 and 84 apartment homes that were reclassified from our Other Conventional portfolio to our Conventional Same Store portfolio when they reached stabilization following redevelopment and acquisition, respectively.

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Table of Contents

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)
2014
 
2013
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Rental and other property revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conventional Same Store
$
174,914

 
$
167,174

 
$
7,740

 
4.6
%
Other Conventional
29,400

 
26,267

 
3,133

 
11.9
%
Total
204,314

 
193,441

 
10,873

 
5.6
%
Property operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conventional Same Store
59,717

 
58,067

 
1,650

 
2.8
%
Other Conventional
14,034

 
12,032

 
2,002

 
16.6
%
Total
73,751

 
70,099

 
3,652

 
5.2
%
Property net operating income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conventional Same Store
115,197

 
109,107

 
6,090

 
5.6
%
Other Conventional
15,366

 
14,235

 
1,131

 
7.9
%
Total
$
130,563

 
$
123,342

 
$
7,221

 
5.9
%
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, our conventional segment’s proportionate property net operating income increased $7.2 million, or 5.9%.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, Conventional Same Store proportionate property net operating income increased by $6.1 million, or 5.6%. This increase was primarily attributable to a $7.7 million, or 4.6%, increase in rental and other property revenues due to higher average revenues (approximately $62 per home), comprised of increases in rental rates, fee income and utility reimbursements. Excluding utility reimbursements, which increased due to higher utility costs discussed below and due to an increase in the percentage of utilities costs reimbursed by our residents, rental and other property revenues increased by 3.6%. Rental rates on new leases transacted during the three months ended March 31, 2014, were 1.0% higher than expiring lease rates, and renewal rates were 4.9% higher than expiring lease rates. The increase in Conventional Same Store rental and other property revenues was partially offset by a $1.7 million, or 2.8%, increase in property operating expenses, primarily due to increases in utility expenses and real estate taxes, partially offset by a decrease in insurance costs. Excluding utility costs, which are largely reimbursed by residents, Conventional Same Store property operating expenses increased by $0.2 million, or 0.4%.
Our Other Conventional proportionate property net operating income increased by $1.1 million, or 7.9%, during the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, primarily due to increases in net operating income associated with apartment homes placed back into service following completion of redevelopment projects and apartment communities we acquired during 2013.
Affordable Real Estate Operations
Our affordable segment consists of apartment communities we classify as Affordable Same Store or Other Affordable. Affordable Same Store apartment communities are those we manage that are subject to tax credit agreements and that have reached and maintained a stabilized occupancy (greater than 90%) during the current year and prior year-to-date periods. Other Affordable apartment communities are those that do not meet the Affordable Same Store apartment community definition because they are not subject to tax credit agreements.
At March 31, 2014, as defined by our segment performance metrics, our Affordable Same Store portfolio and Other Affordable portfolio consisted of 46 and seven apartment communities with 7,424 and 980 apartment homes, respectively. Our affordable results for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 presented below are based on the apartment community populations at March 31, 2014.

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Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)
2014
 
2013
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Rental and other property revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affordable Same Store
$
21,887

 
$
21,688

 
$
199

 
0.9
 %
Other Affordable
2,356

 
2,306

 
50

 
2.2
 %
Total
24,243

 
23,994

 
249

 
1.0
 %
Property operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affordable Same Store
9,498

 
8,840

 
658

 
7.4
 %
Other Affordable
1,078

 
1,112

 
(34
)
 
(3.1
)%
Total
10,576

 
9,952

 
624

 
6.3
 %
Property net operating income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Affordable Same Store
12,389

 
12,848

 
(459
)
 
(3.6
)%
Other Affordable
1,278

 
1,194

 
84

 
7.0
 %
Total
$
13,667

 
$
14,042

 
$
(375
)
 
(2.7
)%
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, our affordable segment’s proportionate property net operating income decreased by $0.4 million, or 2.7%. The decrease in proportionate property net operating income was primarily attributed to an increase in utilities costs for our Affordable Same Store apartment communities.
Non-Segment Real Estate Operations
As discussed in Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1, effective January 1, 2014 we adopted ASU 2014-08, which revised the definition of and reporting requirements for discontinued operations. As a result, commencing in 2014, routine apartment community sales are no longer considered discontinued operations and the results of operations for these apartment communities are included in income from continuing operations. However, we continue to exclude the results of apartment communities sold and classified as held for sale from our conventional or affordable segments for purposes of evaluating segment performance. For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, property net income attributable to sold apartment communities totaled $1.5 million and $2.4 million, respectively. The decrease in property net income attributable to sold apartment communities is primarily due to the timing of sales.
Real estate operations net operating income amounts not attributed to our conventional or affordable segments include property management revenues, offsite costs associated with property management, and casualty losses, reported in consolidated amounts, which we do not allocate to our conventional or affordable segments for purposes of evaluating segment performance (see Note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1).
For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, property management expenses, which includes offsite costs associated with managing apartment communities we own (both our share and the share that we allocate to the limited partners in our consolidated partnerships), totaled $6.4 million and $7.7 million, respectively. The decrease in property management expense is primarily due to a decrease in the number of apartment communities we own and manage.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, casualty losses increased by $2.9 million due to increases in casualty losses at apartment communities in the Northeast and Midwest resulting from severe winter weather associated with the 2014 polar vortex.
Tax Credit and Asset Management Revenues
We sponsor certain consolidated partnerships that acquire, develop and operate qualifying affordable housing apartment communities and are structured to provide for the pass-through of tax credits and deductions to their partners. We recognize income associated with the delivery of tax credits associated with these partnerships to their partners. Tax credit and other activities are conducted in part by our taxable subsidiaries, and the related net operating income may be subject to income taxes.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, tax credit and asset management revenues increased by $1.5 million. This increase was attributable to an increase in disposition and other transactional fees earned in 2014.

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Depreciation and Amortization
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, depreciation and amortization decreased $5.4 million, or 7.1%, primarily due to assets that became fully depreciated, partially offset by an increase associated with our redevelopment apartment communities as completed apartment homes were placed into service.
General and Administrative Expenses
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, general and administrative expenses decreased $1.2 million, or 10.6%, primarily due to decreases in personnel and related costs and information technology costs.
Interest Income, net
Interest income, net consists primarily of interest on notes receivable, accretion of discounts on certain notes receivable, interest on cash and restricted cash accounts and interest on investments in debt securities of a securitization that holds certain of our property debt, which investments are classified within other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, interest income decreased by $4.7 million. Interest income decreased primarily due to $4.0 million of accretion income recognized in 2013 related to a property sale for which the net proceeds available for repayment of partnership loans exceeded the amounts previously anticipated. The remainder of the decrease in interest income primarily relates to notes receivable collateralized by apartment communities in New York City, which were repaid in late 2013.
Interest Expense
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, interest expense, which includes the amortization of deferred financing costs, decreased by $2.7 million, or 4.6%. Interest expense decreased primarily as a result of lower average outstanding balances on non-recourse property debt for our existing properties (inclusive of the expansion of our pool of unencumbered properties).
Other, net
Other, net includes gains or losses on disposition of interests in unconsolidated real estate partnerships, our equity in the income or loss of unconsolidated real estate partnerships, and the results of operations related to our legacy asset management business, which we account for under the profit sharing method as further discussed in Note 4 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1.
During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, other, net primarily consisted of $1.5 million and $2.7 million, respectively, of net losses related to our legacy asset management business.  After income taxes and noncontrolling interest allocations, our share of the net losses of the legacy asset management business totaled $0.6 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Income Tax Benefit (Expense)
Certain of our operations or a portion thereof, including property management, asset management and risk management, are conducted through TRS entities. Income taxes related to the results of continuing operations of our TRS entities are included in income tax benefit (expense) in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, income tax benefit increased by $2.9 million, primarily due to a $1.6 million tax benefit associated with historic tax credits in connection with the redevelopment of our Lincoln Place apartment community, as well as a decrease in taxable income earned by our TRS entities.

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Income from Discontinued Operations, Net
As discussed in Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1, effective January 1, 2014, we adopted ASU 2014-08, which generally eliminates the requirement that we classify within discontinued operations the results of operations and any gain or loss on sale for apartment communities sold or classified as held for sale commencing in 2014. Based on the prospective application of the new accounting standard, the net earnings for any consolidated apartment communities sold through December 31, 2013, will continue to be included within income from discontinued operations. The components of net earnings that were classified as discontinued operations included all property-related revenues and operating expenses, depreciation expense recognized prior to the sale, property-specific interest expense and debt extinguishment gains and losses to the extent there was secured debt on the apartment community. In addition, any impairment losses on assets sold or held for sale and the net gain or loss on the disposal of apartment communities held for sale are reported in discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013.
For the three months ended March 31, 2013, income from discontinued operations totaled $4.5 million and was primarily comprised of $1.3 million of income before gain on dispositions and income tax for apartment communities sold through December 31, 2013, and a $3.3 million gain recognized on our sale of three apartment communities during the three months ended March 31, 2013.
Gain on Dispositions of Real Estate, Net of Tax
As discussed in the Income from Discontinued Operations discussion above, commencing in 2014, the results of operations (both for current and prior periods) and gain or loss on sale for apartment communities sold or classified as held are no longer required to be classified within income from discontinued operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, we recognized $69.5 million of gains, net of income taxes, on our disposal of five consolidated apartment communities. The net gain recognized related to apartment communities sold during the three months ended March 31, 2013, is presented within income from discontinued operations.
Net operating income, or NOI, capitalization rate and free cash flow, or FCF, capitalization rate are common benchmarks used in the real estate industry for relative comparison of real estate valuations, including for apartment community sales. We calculate NOI capitalization rates using an apartment community’s trailing twelve month net operating income prior to sale, less a 3.0% management fee, divided by gross proceeds. We calculate FCF capitalization rates using an apartment community’s NOI less an assumed future $1,200 of capital spending per apartment home required to maintain the condition of the apartment community, divided by the gross proceeds from its sale. The NOI capitalization rates and FCF capitalization rates for our consolidated conventional and affordable apartment community sales (for both continuing and discontinued operations) during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
NOI capitalization rate:
 
 
 
Conventional
6.6
%
 
n/a

Affordable
7.1
%
 
4.8
%
FCF capitalization rate:
 
 
 
Conventional
5.2
%
 
n/a

Affordable
5.8
%
 
3.8
%
Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Real Estate Partnerships
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships reflects the results of our consolidated real estate partnerships allocated to the owners who are not affiliated with Aimco. The amounts of income or loss of our consolidated real estate partnerships that we allocate to the owners not affiliated with Aimco includes their share of property management fees, interest on notes and other amounts that we charge to these partnerships.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, we allocated net income of $11.4 million to noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships, compared to net losses of $5.0 million allocated to these noncontrolling interests for the three months ended March 31, 2013, or a variance of $16.4 million. This change was primarily due to an increase in the noncontrolling interest partners’ share of gains on dispositions of real estate (inclusive of their allocation of income from continuing and discontinued operations).

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Noncontrolling Interests in Aimco Operating Partnership
In Aimco’s consolidated financial statements, noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership reflects the results of the Aimco Operating Partnership that are allocated to the holders of OP Units. Aimco allocates the Aimco Operating Partnership’s income or loss to the holders of common OP Units and equivalents based on the weighted average number of these units (including those held by Aimco) outstanding during the period. The amount of the Aimco Operating Partnership’s income allocated to holders of the preferred OP Units is equal to the amount of distributions they receive.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the OP Unit holders’ share of the Aimco Operating Partnership’s operating results represented income of $5.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively, an increase in their share of income of $3.3 million.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions. We believe that the following critical accounting policies involve our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Real estate and other long-lived assets to be held and used are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization, unless the carrying amount of the asset is not recoverable. If events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an apartment community may not be recoverable, we make an assessment of its recoverability by comparing the carrying amount to our estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows, excluding interest charges, of the apartment community. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated aggregate undiscounted future cash flows, we recognize an impairment loss to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value of the apartment community.
From time to time, we have non-revenue producing apartment communities that we hold for future redevelopment. We assess the recoverability of the carrying amount of these redevelopment apartment communities by comparing our estimate of undiscounted future cash flows based on the expected service potential of the redevelopment apartment community upon completion to the carrying amount. In certain instances, we use a probability-weighted approach to determine our estimate of undiscounted future cash flows when alternative courses of action are under consideration.
Real estate investments are subject to varying degrees of risk. Several factors may adversely affect the economic performance and value of our real estate investments. These factors include:
•
the general economic climate;
•
competition from other apartment communities and other housing options;
•
local conditions, such as loss of jobs or an increase in the supply of apartments, that might adversely affect apartment occupancy or rental rates;
•
changes in governmental regulations and the related cost of compliance;
•
increases in operating costs (including real estate taxes) due to inflation and other factors, which may not be offset by increased rents;
•
changes in tax laws and housing laws, including the enactment of rent control laws or other laws regulating multifamily housing; and
•
changes in interest rates and the availability of financing.
Any adverse changes in these and other factors could cause an impairment of our long-lived assets, including real estate and investments in unconsolidated real estate partnerships. As we execute our portfolio strategy over the next few years, we are evaluating alternatives to sell or reduce our interest in a significant number of apartment communities that do not align with our long-term investment strategy. While there is no assurance that we will sell or reduce our investment in these apartment communities during the desired time frame, the size of our portfolio is likely to change as we continue to execute our portfolio management strategy. For any apartment communities that are sold or meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale during the next twelve months, the reduction in the estimated holding period for these apartment communities may result in additional impairment losses.

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Capitalized Costs
We capitalize costs, including certain indirect costs, incurred in connection with our capital additions activities, including redevelopment, development and construction projects, other tangible property improvements and replacements of existing apartment community components. Included in these capitalized costs are payroll costs associated with time spent by site employees in connection with the planning, execution and control of all capital additions activities at the apartment community level. We characterize as “indirect costs” an allocation of certain department costs, including payroll, at the area operations and corporate levels that clearly relate to capital additions activities. We also capitalize interest, property taxes and insurance during periods in which development, redevelopment and construction projects are in progress. We commence the capitalization of costs, including certain indirect costs, incurred in connection with our capital addition activities, at the point in time when activities necessary to get apartment communities ready for their intended use are in progress. This includes when apartment communities or apartment homes are undergoing physical construction, as well as when apartment homes are held vacant in advance of planned construction, provided that other activities such as permitting, planning and design are in progress. We cease the capitalization of costs when the assets are substantially complete and ready for their intended use, which is typically when construction has been completed and apartment homes are available for occupancy. We charge to property operating expense, as incurred, costs including ordinary repairs, maintenance and resident turnover costs.
Funds From Operations and Adjusted Funds From Operations
Funds From Operations, or FFO, is a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe, when considered with the financial statements determined in accordance with GAAP, is helpful to investors in understanding our performance because it captures features particular to real estate performance by recognizing that real estate generally appreciates over time or maintains residual value to a much greater extent than do other depreciable assets such as machinery, computers or other personal property. The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, defines FFO as net income or loss computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains from sales of, and impairment losses recognized with respect to, depreciable property, plus depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures are calculated on the same basis to determine FFO. We calculate FFO attributable to Aimco common stockholders (diluted) by subtracting, if dilutive, redemption or repurchase related preferred stock issuance costs and dividends on preferred stock, and adding back dividends/distributions on dilutive preferred securities and premiums or discounts on preferred stock redemptions or repurchases.
In addition to FFO, we compute Pro forma FFO and Adjusted FFO, or AFFO, which are also non-GAAP financial measures that we believe are helpful to investors in understanding our performance. Pro forma FFO represents FFO attributable to Aimco common stockholders (diluted), excluding preferred equity redemption-related amounts (adjusted for noncontrolling interests). Preferred equity redemption-related amounts (gains or losses) are items that periodically affect our operating results and we exclude these items from our calculation of Pro forma FFO because such amounts are not representative of our operating performance. AFFO represents Pro forma FFO reduced by Capital Replacements (also adjusted for noncontrolling interests), which represents our estimation of the capital additions required to maintain the value of our portfolio during our ownership period. When we make capital additions at an apartment community, we evaluate whether the additions enhance the value, profitability or useful life of an asset as compared to its condition at the time we purchased the asset. We classify as Capital Improvements those capital additions that meet these criteria and we classify as Capital Replacements those that do not. AFFO is a key financial indicator that we use to evaluate our operational performance, and which helps us determine the amounts of our dividend payments.
FFO, Pro forma FFO and AFFO should not be considered alternatives to net income (loss) or net cash flows from operating activities, as determined in accordance with GAAP, as indications of our performance or as measures of liquidity. Although we use these non-GAAP measures for comparability in assessing our performance against other REITs, not all REITs compute these same measures. Additionally, computation of AFFO is subject to definitions of capital spending, which are subjective. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that our basis for computing these non-GAAP measures is comparable with that of other REITs. For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, Aimco’s FFO, Pro forma FFO and AFFO are calculated as follows (in thousands):

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Table of Contents

 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2014
 
2013
Net income attributable to Aimco common stockholders (1)
$
64,234

 
$
5,050

Adjustments:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization, net of noncontrolling partners’ interest
68,429

 
73,107

Depreciation and amortization related to non-real estate assets, net of noncontrolling partners’ interest
(2,387
)
 
(2,932
)
(Gain) loss on dispositions and other, net of income taxes and noncontrolling partners’ interest
(57,046
)
 
74

Provision for impairment losses related to depreciable real estate assets, net of noncontrolling partners’ interest
541

 
37

Discontinued operations:
 
 
 
Gain on dispositions of real estate, net of income taxes and noncontrolling partners’ interest
—

 
(5,079
)
Provision for (recovery of) impairment losses related to depreciable real estate assets, net of noncontrolling partners’ interest
—

 
(235
)
Depreciation of rental property, net of noncontrolling partners’ interest
—

 
4,016

Common noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership’s share of above adjustments
(505
)
 
(3,746
)
Amounts allocable to participating securities
(35
)
 
(148
)
FFO / Pro forma FFO Attributable to Aimco common stockholders - Diluted
$
73,231

 
$
70,144

Capital Replacements, net of common noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership and participating securities
(11,280
)
 
(15,124
)
AFFO attributable to Aimco common stockholders – Diluted
$
61,951

 
$
55,020

 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted (earnings per share)
145,473

 
145,169

Dilutive common share equivalents
208

 
221

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted (FFO, Pro forma FFO and AFFO) (2)
145,681

 
145,390

(1)
Represents the numerator for calculating Aimco’s earnings per common share in accordance with GAAP (see Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1).
(2)
Represents the denominator for Aimco’s earnings per common share – diluted, calculated in accordance with GAAP, plus common share equivalents that are dilutive for FFO, Pro forma FFO and AFFO.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, FFO and Pro forma FFO increased 4% (on a diluted per share basis) as a result of improved property operating results and lower offsite costs, partially offset by an increase in casualty losses. For the same period, AFFO increased 13% (on a diluted per share basis), as a result of the FFO and Pro forma FFO growth as well as lower Capital Replacement spending associated with multi-phase capital projects started in prior years, and lower Capital Replacements due to the sale of approximately 7,000 apartment homes during 2013. As we concentrate our investment capital in higher quality, higher price-point properties, Capital Replacements decline as a percentage of net operating income. Refer to the Liquidity and Capital Resources section for further information regarding our Capital Replacements and other capital investing activities.
The Aimco Operating Partnership does not separately compute or report FFO, Pro forma FFO or AFFO. However, based on Aimco’s method for allocation of amounts of FFO, Pro forma FFO and AFFO to noncontrolling interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership, as well as the limited differences between Aimco’s and the Aimco Operating Partnership’s net loss amounts during the periods presented, FFO, Pro forma FFO and AFFO amounts on a per unit basis for the Aimco Operating Partnership would be expected to be substantially the same as the corresponding per share amounts for Aimco.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is the ability to meet present and future financial obligations. Our primary source of liquidity is cash flow from our operations. Additional sources are proceeds from sales of apartment communities, proceeds from refinancings of existing property debt, borrowings under new property debt, borrowings under our Credit Agreement and proceeds from equity offerings.
Our principal uses for liquidity include normal operating activities, payments of principal and interest on outstanding property debt, capital expenditures, dividends paid to stockholders, distributions paid to noncontrolling interest partners and acquisitions of, and investments in, apartment communities. We use our cash and cash equivalents and our cash provided by operating activities to meet short-term liquidity needs. In the event that our cash and cash equivalents and cash provided by operating activities are not sufficient to cover our short-term liquidity needs, we have additional means, such as short-term borrowing availability and

34
Table of Contents

proceeds from apartment community sales and refinancings. We may use our Credit Agreement for working capital and other short-term purposes, such as funding investments on an interim basis. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements, such as debt maturities and apartment community acquisitions, through long-term borrowings, primarily secured, the issuance of equity securities (including OP Units), the sale of apartment communities and cash generated from operations.
The availability of credit and its related effect on the overall economy may affect our liquidity and future financing activities, both through changes in interest rates and access to financing. Currently, interest rates are low compared to historical levels and many lenders are active in the market. However, any adverse changes in the lending environment could negatively affect our liquidity. We believe we have mitigated much of this exposure by reducing our short and intermediate term maturity risk through refinancing such loans with long-dated, fixed-rate property debt. However, if property financing options become unavailable for our further debt needs, we may consider alternative sources of liquidity, such as reductions in capital spending or proceeds from asset dispositions.
At March 31, 2014, we had $38.4 million in cash and cash equivalents and $160.8 million of restricted cash, decreases of $17.3 million and $33.8 million, respectively, from December 31, 2013. Restricted cash primarily consists of reserves and escrows held by lenders for bond sinking funds, capital additions, property taxes and insurance, and escrows related to tenant security deposits.
The following discussion relates to changes in cash due to operating, investing and financing activities, which are presented in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows in Item 1.
Operating Activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, our net cash provided by operating activities of $54.8 million was primarily related to operating income from our consolidated apartment communities, which is affected primarily by rental rates, occupancy levels and operating expenses related to our portfolio of apartment communities, in excess of payments of operating accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2014 increased by $5.9 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013, primarily due to decreases in cash paid for interest and cash used for working capital requirements during 2014 as compared to 2013, partially offset by a decrease in the net operating income of our portfolio resulting from sales of apartment communities during 2013.
Investing Activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, our net cash used in investing activities of $46.1 million consisted primarily of capital expenditures, sales proceeds deposited into a section 1031 exchange account in connection with a potential tax-deferred exchange transaction, and purchases of real estate, partially offset by proceeds from our disposition of real estate. Capital expenditures totaled $94.2 million and $66.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. We generally fund capital additions with cash provided by operating activities and cash proceeds from apartment community sales. We categorize our capital spending broadly into five primary categories: capital replacements, property upgrades, capital improvements, redevelopment and development, and casualty replacements spending. We monitor our spending in these categories based on capital additions related to properties that we own and manage, and we do not include in these measures capital spending related to properties sold or classified as held for sale at the end of the period, properties that are not multi-family such as commercial properties or fitness facilities, or properties we own but do not manage. A summary of the capital spending for these categories, along with a reconciliation of the total for these categories to the capital expenditures reported in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flow for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 are presented below (in thousands):
 
2014
 
2013
Capital Replacements
$
9,967

 
$
13,481

Capital Improvements
6,740

 
12,975

Property Upgrades
8,628

 
5,973

Redevelopment additions
51,720

 
30,651

Development additions
8,982

 
—

Casualty replacements
1,777

 
1,556

Total capital additions
87,814

 
64,636

Plus: additions related to apartment communities sold or held for sale
465

 
1,881

Plus: additions related to consolidated apartment communities not managed and that are not multi-family
62

 
48

Consolidated capital additions
88,341

 
66,565

Plus: net change in accrued capital spending
5,901

 
(501
)
Capital expenditures per consolidated statement of cash flows
$
94,242

 
$
66,064


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During the three months ended March 31, 2014, we continued the redevelopment of three previously vacant apartment communities that were started during 2012 and made additional progress on our One Canal Street development project in Boston, Massachusetts. Information regarding these redevelopment and development projects at March 31, 2014 is presented below (dollars in millions):
 
 
 
 
Schedule
 
Total Number
of Apartment Homes at Completion
Estimated Net 
Investment
Inception-to-Date Net
Investment
Construction
Start
Initial
Occupancy
Construction
Complete
Stabilized Occupancy
Lincoln Place, Venice, CA
795

$
365

$
315.9

Multiple
Multiple
1Q 2015
2Q 2015
Pacific Bay Vistas, San Bruno, CA
308

121

115.5

4Q 2011
3Q 2013
2Q 2014
3Q 2014
The Preserve at Marin, Corte Madera, CA
126

126

89.5

4Q 2012
1Q 2014
1Q 2015
2Q 2015
One Canal Street, Boston, MA
310

190

24.9

4Q 2013
1Q 2016
2Q 2016
2Q 2017
Total
1,539

$
802

$
545.8

 
 
 
 
In addition to the projects listed above, at March 31, 2014, we had three other redevelopment projects underway with a total of 1,193 apartment homes, an estimated net investment of $48 million, and an inception-to-date net investment of $15 million.
During the three months ended March 31, 2014, we invested $48.4 million in the redevelopment of six apartment communities. Pacific Bay Vistas, in San Bruno, California, was completed in April as expected. The community is 62% occupied as of April 30, and is expected to reach stabilized occupancy before the end of summer.
Construction continued at both Preserve at Marin, in Corte Madera, California and at Lincoln Place, in Venice, California. We have determined that the work required to restore and modernize these communities is more extensive than originally anticipated, resulting in higher costs and construction delays. Scope changes at Preserve at Marin also contributed to higher cost estimates, which now total $126 million for the redevelopment. We have achieved higher rents on the lease-up of the first building completed and expect higher rents for the balance of the community. Completion of Preserve at Marin is now anticipated to occur in first quarter 2015. At Lincoln Place, we expect our net investment to total $365 million, which represents total estimated capital costs of $390 million, reduced by $25 million of historic tax and other credits expected to be earned in connection with the redevelopment. As of April 30, 267 of the 294 completed units at Lincoln Place were occupied. Completion of the project is now anticipated to occur in first quarter 2015.
In total, we are forecasting a net investment of approximately $670 million in redevelopment projects currently underway and those projects that were completed during the last twelve months. The expected NOI yield on this investment, assuming current rents, is approximately 5.5%. Prevailing capitalization rates for stabilized communities in these markets range from 3.75% to 5.00%. As these communities are leased (assuming current rents) and stabilized over the next two years, they are expected to add approximately $1.50 to our NAV per share.
We expect our conventional redevelopment and development investment for 2014 to range from approximately $200.0 million to $230.0 million, inclusive of the revised project estimates discussed above, and offset by the tax and other credits we expect to realize related to the Lincoln Place redevelopment. Approximately $160.0 million of our remaining planned investment in these redevelopment and development projects will be funded from committed construction loans, and we expect to fund the remainder of such investments from future sales of apartment communities with lower projected returns or in less desirable locations than these projects, as well as from operating cash flows generated from the operations of our retained portfolio of apartment communities.
For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, we capitalized $4.3 million and $4.3 million of interest costs, respectively, and $7.7 million and $8.9 million of other direct and indirect costs, respectively.
Financing Activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, our net cash provided by financing activities of $26.1 million was primarily attributed to borrowings on our revolving line of credit and proceeds from property loans, partially offset by principal payments on property loans, dividends paid to common security holders and distributions paid to noncontrolling interests.

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Property Debt
At March 31, 2014, we had $4.3 billion of consolidated property debt outstanding, approximately 3.2% of which was variable rate. We intend to continue to refinance property debt primarily as a means of extending current and near term maturities and we also intend to use property debt to finance certain capital projects.
Credit Agreement
Our Credit Agreement provides for $600.0 million of revolving loan commitments. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate set forth on a pricing grid which rate varies based on our leverage (initially either LIBOR, plus 1.875%, or, at our option, Prime plus 0.5%). The Credit Agreement matures in September 2017, and may be extended for an additional one-year period, subject to certain conditions.
As of March 31, 2014, we had $110.1 million of outstanding borrowings under our Credit Agreement, and we had the capacity to borrow $445.4 million, net of the outstanding borrowings and $44.5 million for undrawn letters of credit backed by the Credit Agreement. The interest rate on our outstanding borrowings was 2.19% at March 31, 2014. In addition to the cost of borrowings outstanding under our Credit Agreement, we recognize interest expense associated with the cost of having a Credit Facility, including deferred financing costs and an unused facility fee, which for the three months ended March 31, 2014, totaled $0.6 million. The proceeds of revolving loans are generally used for working capital and other short-term purposes.
Equity and Partners’ Capital Transactions
During the three months ended March 31, 2014, Aimco paid cash dividends or distributions totaling $0.7 million and $38.0 million, respectively, to preferred stockholders and common stockholders.
During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Aimco Operating Partnership paid cash distributions totaling $2.3 million and $40.0 million to preferred unitholders and common unitholders, respectively, of which $0.7 million and $38.0 million, respectively, represented distributions to Aimco, and $1.6 million and $2.0 million, respectively, represented distributions paid to holders of OP Units. The distributions paid to the holders OP Units are reflected as distributions to noncontrolling interests in the Aimco Operating Partnership within Aimco’s consolidated financial statements.
During the three months ended March 31, 2014, Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership paid cash distributions of $21.0 million to holders of noncontrolling interests in consolidated real estate partnerships, primarily related to apartment community sales during 2013.
During the three months ended March 31, 2014, Aimco purchased $10.0 million in liquidation preference of its Series A Community Reinvestment Act Preferred Stock for $9.5 million. In connection with Aimco's purchase of this preferred stock, the Aimco Operating Partnership purchased from Aimco a corresponding amount of its preferred units.
Pursuant to at-the-market offering programs active at March 31, 2014, Aimco has the capacity to issue up to 3.5 million shares of its Common Stock and 3.5 million shares of its Class Z Cumulative Preferred Stock. In the event of any such issuances, Aimco would contribute the net proceeds to the Aimco Operating Partnership in exchange for a number of common OP Units or Class Z Partnership Preferred Units, as the case may be, equal to the number of shares issued and sold. Additionally, the Aimco Operating Partnership and Aimco have a shelf registration statement that provides for the issuance of debt securities by the Aimco Operating Partnership and equity securities by Aimco.
Future Capital Needs
We expect to fund any future acquisitions, development and redevelopment projects, Capital Improvements and Capital Replacements principally with proceeds from property sales, short-term borrowings, debt and equity financing and operating cash flows.







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ITEM 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
As of the date of this report, there have been no material changes from the market risk information provided in Aimco’s and the Aimco Operating Partnership’s combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.
ITEM 4.
Controls and Procedures
Aimco
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Aimco’s management, with the participation of Aimco’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of Aimco's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, Aimco’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, Aimco’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in Aimco’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the first quarter of 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Aimco’s internal control over financial reporting.
The Aimco Operating Partnership
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Aimco Operating Partnership’s management, with the participation of the chief executive officer and chief financial officer of Aimco, who are the equivalent of the Aimco Operating Partnership’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer, respectively, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Aimco Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer of Aimco have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Aimco Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in the Aimco Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the first quarter of 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Aimco Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1A.
Risk Factors
As of the date of this report, there have been no material changes from the risk factors in Aimco’s and the Aimco Operating Partnership’s combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.
ITEM 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Aimco
(a) Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities. Aimco did not issue any unregistered shares of Common Stock during the three months ended March 31, 2014.
(c) Repurchases of Equity Securities. There were no repurchases by Aimco of its common equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2014. Aimco’s Board of Directors has, from time to time, authorized Aimco to repurchase shares of its outstanding capital stock. As of March 31, 2014, Aimco was authorized to repurchase approximately 19.3 million additional shares. This authorization has no expiration date. These repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.
The Aimco Operating Partnership
(a) Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities. The Aimco Operating Partnership did not issue any common OP Units in exchange for shares of Aimco Common Stock during the three months ended March 31, 2014. 
(c) Repurchases of Equity Securities. The Aimco Operating Partnership’s Partnership Agreement generally provides that after holding the common OP Units for one year, Limited Partners have the right to redeem their common OP Units for cash, subject to the Aimco Operating Partnership’s prior right to cause Aimco to acquire some or all of the common OP Units tendered for redemption in exchange for shares of Common Stock. Common OP Units redeemed for Common Stock are exchanged on a one-for-one basis (subject to antidilution adjustments). During the three months ended March 31, 2014, no common OP Units were redeemed in exchange for shares of Common Stock. The following table summarizes repurchases of the Aimco Operating Partnership’s equity securities for the three months ended March 31, 2014.




Period
 
Total
Number
of Units
Purchased
 
Average
Price
Paid
per Unit
 
Total Number of
Units Purchased
as Part of
Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs (1)
 
Maximum Number
of Units that
May Yet Be
Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)
January 1 - January 31, 2014
 
16,284

 
$
25.78

 
N/A
 
N/A
February 1 - February 28, 2014
 
81,680

 
26.78

 
N/A
 
N/A
March 1 - March 31, 2014
 
10,608

 
29.52

 
N/A
 
N/A
Total
 
108,572

 
$
26.90

 
 
 
 

(1)
The terms of the Aimco Operating Partnership’s Partnership Agreement do not provide for a maximum number of units that may be repurchased, and other than the express terms of its Partnership Agreement, the Aimco Operating Partnership has no publicly announced plans or programs of repurchase. However, whenever Aimco repurchases shares of its Common Stock, it is expected that Aimco will fund the repurchase with proceeds from a concurrent repurchase by the Aimco Operating Partnership of common OP Units held by Aimco at a price per unit that is equal to the price per share paid for its Common Stock.
Aimco and the Aimco Operating Partnership
Dividend and Distribution Payments. Our Credit Agreement includes customary covenants, including a restriction on dividends and distributions and other restricted payments, but permits dividends and distributions during any 12-month period in an aggregate amount of up to 95% of Aimco’s Funds From Operations, subject to certain non-cash adjustments, for such period or such amount as may be necessary for Aimco to maintain its REIT status.

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ITEM 5.
Other Information
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Aimco held its 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on April 29, 2014, at its corporate headquarters, 4582 South Ulster Street, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado, 80237. Terry Considine, Aimco's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, presided. Aimco’s stockholders considered three proposals, each of which is described in more detail in Aimco's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on March 4, 2014. Aimco provided additional proxy materials regarding Proposal 3 in Aimco’s Definitive Additional Materials on Schedule 14A, which was filed with the SEC on April 11, 2014. On the record date of February 21, 2014, there were 146,099,061 shares of Aimco’s Common Stock issued and outstanding and eligible to vote. The final voting results are reported below.
Proposal 1: Election of seven directors to serve for a one-year term until Aimco’s 2015 annual meeting of stockholders.
Aimco’s stockholders elected each of the seven nominees for director, and the voting results are set forth below:
 
For
Against
Abstentions
Broker Non-Votes
James N. Bailey
122,695,581
4,634,440
3,725,435
5,220,600
Terry Considine
124,069,964
2,034,525
4,950,967
5,220,600
Thomas L. Keltner
124,462,891
2,867,228
3,725,337
5,220,600
J. Landis Martin
123,050,980
4,277,284
3,727,192
5,220,600
Robert A. Miller
124,556,731
2,772,357
3,726,368
5,220,600
Kathleen M. Nelson
124,562,054
2,771,224
3,722,178
5,220,600
Michael A. Stein
124,556,782
2,773,241
3,725,433
5,220,600

Proposal 2: The appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as Aimco’s independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2014, was ratified as follows:
For
Against
Abstentions
Broker Non-Votes
129,650,829
2,805,515
3,819,712
—

Proposal 3: Advisory vote to approve the compensation of executive officers disclosed in Aimco’s proxy statement.
Aimco’s stockholders gave advisory approval of the executive compensation program, and the voting results are set forth below:
For
Against
Abstentions
Broker Non-Votes
71,444,350
55,551,358
4,059,748
5,220,600


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ITEM 6.
Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed with this report:
EXHIBIT NO. (1)
DESCRIPTION
3.1
 
 
Aimco – Charter (Exhibit 3.1 to Aimco’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012, is incorporated herein by this reference)
3.2
 
 
Aimco – Amended and Restated Bylaws (Exhibit 3.2 to Aimco’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 2, 2010, is incorporated herein by this reference)
31.1
 
 
Aimco – Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2
 
 
Aimco – Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.3
 
 
The Aimco Operating Partnership – Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.4
 
 
The Aimco Operating Partnership – Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1
 
 
Aimco – Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2
 
 
Aimco – Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.3
 
 
The Aimco Operating Partnership – Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.4
 
 
The Aimco Operating Partnership – Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
99.1
 
 
Aimco – Agreement Regarding Disclosure of Long-Term Debt Instruments
99.2
 
 
The Aimco Operating Partnership – Agreement Regarding Disclosure of Long-Term Debt Instruments
101
 
 
XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language). The following materials from Aimco’s and the Aimco Operating Partnership’s combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014, tagged in XBRL: (i) condensed consolidated balance sheets; (ii) condensed consolidated statements of operations; (iii) condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss); (iv) condensed consolidated statements of cash flows; and (v) notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
(1)
Schedules and supplemental materials to the exhibits have been omitted but will be provided to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND
MANAGEMENT COMPANY
 
 
By:
/s/ ERNEST M. FREEDMAN
 
Ernest M. Freedman
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer
 
(duly authorized officer and
 
principal financial officer)
 
 
By:
/s/ PAUL BELDIN
 
Paul Beldin
 
Senior Vice President and
 
Chief Accounting Officer

AIMCO PROPERTIES, L.P.
 
 
By:
AIMCO-GP, Inc., its general partner
 
 
By:
/s/ ERNEST M. FREEDMAN
 
Ernest M. Freedman
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer
 
(duly authorized officer and
 
principal financial officer)
 
 
By:
/s/ PAUL BELDIN
 
Paul Beldin
 
Senior Vice President and
 
Chief Accounting Officer

Date: May 2, 2014


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