Form 10-Q
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009
OR
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission file number: 1-32381
HERBALIFE LTD.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Cayman Islands
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98-0377871 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization)
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Identification No.) |
P.O. Box 309GT
Ugland House, South Church Street
Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
(213) 745-0500
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes
o No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer þ
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Accelerated filer o
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Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
Number
of shares of registrants common shares outstanding as of
October 29, 2009 was 60,903,881
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
HERBALIFE LTD.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
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September 30, |
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December 31, |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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(In thousands, except share amounts) |
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ASSETS
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CURRENT ASSETS: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
215,401 |
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$ |
150,847 |
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Receivables, net of allowance for
doubtful accounts of $9,321 (2009) and
$8,988 (2008) |
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84,747 |
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70,002 |
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Inventories, net |
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133,376 |
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134,392 |
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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97,510 |
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89,214 |
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Deferred income taxes |
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43,490 |
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40,313 |
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Total current assets |
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574,524 |
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484,768 |
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Property, at cost, net of accumulated
depreciation and amortization of
$133,081 (2009) and $89,411 (2008) |
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176,774 |
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175,492 |
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Deferred compensation plan assets |
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17,076 |
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15,754 |
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Deferred financing costs, net of
accumulated amortization of $1,654
(2009) and $1,287 (2008) |
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1,622 |
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1,989 |
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Marketing related intangibles |
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310,060 |
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310,060 |
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Goodwill |
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115,351 |
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110,677 |
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Other assets |
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23,079 |
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22,578 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
1,218,486 |
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$ |
1,121,318 |
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LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
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CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
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Accounts payable |
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$ |
41,324 |
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$ |
41,084 |
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Royalty overrides |
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144,170 |
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130,369 |
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Accrued compensation |
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57,105 |
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60,629 |
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Accrued expenses |
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127,271 |
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104,795 |
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Current portion of long-term debt |
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12,361 |
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15,117 |
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Advance sales deposits |
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35,034 |
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12,603 |
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Income taxes payable |
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24,093 |
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37,302 |
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Total current liabilities |
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441,358 |
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401,899 |
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NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
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Long-term debt, net of current portion |
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297,482 |
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336,514 |
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Deferred compensation |
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15,970 |
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13,979 |
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Deferred income taxes |
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102,648 |
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103,675 |
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Other non-current liabilities |
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23,695 |
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23,520 |
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Total liabilities |
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881,153 |
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879,587 |
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CONTINGENCIES |
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SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY: |
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Common shares, $0.002 par value, 500.0
million shares authorized, 60.8 million
(2009) and 61.4 million (2008) shares
issued and outstanding |
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122 |
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123 |
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Paid-in-capital in excess of par value |
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210,748 |
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197,715 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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(26,956 |
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(28,614 |
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Retained earnings |
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153,419 |
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72,507 |
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Total shareholders equity |
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337,333 |
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241,731 |
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Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
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$ |
1,218,486 |
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$ |
1,121,318 |
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See the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
3
HERBALIFE LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
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Three Months Ended |
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Nine Months Ended |
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September 30, |
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September 30, |
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September 30, |
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September 30, |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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(Unaudited) |
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(In thousands, except per share amounts) |
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Product sales |
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$ |
515,000 |
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$ |
517,896 |
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$ |
1,452,847 |
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$ |
1,589,298 |
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Handling & freight income |
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85,218 |
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84,303 |
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240,859 |
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257,038 |
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Net sales |
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600,218 |
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602,199 |
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1,693,706 |
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1,846,336 |
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Cost of sales |
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131,777 |
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116,620 |
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356,619 |
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362,335 |
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Gross profit |
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468,441 |
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485,579 |
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1,337,087 |
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1,484,001 |
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Royalty overrides |
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194,639 |
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200,323 |
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556,921 |
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628,343 |
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Selling, general & administrative expenses |
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195,968 |
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196,761 |
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568,220 |
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584,274 |
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Operating income |
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77,834 |
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88,495 |
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211,946 |
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271,384 |
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Interest expense, net |
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1,037 |
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3,407 |
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4,087 |
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10,364 |
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Income before income taxes |
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76,797 |
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85,088 |
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207,859 |
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261,020 |
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Income taxes |
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18,902 |
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27,004 |
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60,169 |
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73,489 |
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NET INCOME |
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$ |
57,895 |
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$ |
58,084 |
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$ |
147,690 |
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$ |
187,531 |
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Earnings per share: |
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Basic |
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$ |
0.95 |
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$ |
0.91 |
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$ |
2.40 |
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$ |
2.93 |
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Diluted |
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$ |
0.91 |
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$ |
0.89 |
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$ |
2.34 |
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$ |
2.83 |
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Weighted average shares outstanding: |
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Basic |
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61,234 |
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63,594 |
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61,467 |
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64,062 |
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Diluted |
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63,397 |
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65,439 |
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63,049 |
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66,269 |
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Dividends declared per share |
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$ |
0.20 |
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$ |
0.20 |
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$ |
0.60 |
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$ |
0.60 |
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See the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
4
HERBALIFE LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
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Nine Months Ended |
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September 30, |
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September 30, |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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(Unaudited) |
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(In thousands) |
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CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
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Net income |
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$ |
147,690 |
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$ |
187,531 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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45,646 |
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34,789 |
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Deficiency in (Excess) tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements |
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759 |
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(12,659 |
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Share based compensation expenses |
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15,100 |
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13,877 |
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Amortization of discount and deferred financing costs |
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367 |
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359 |
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Deferred income taxes |
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(3,098 |
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1,348 |
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Unrealized foreign exchange transaction loss (gain) |
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6,763 |
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(4,580 |
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Other |
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233 |
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891 |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Receivables |
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(9,265 |
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(16,483 |
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Inventories |
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10,451 |
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(11,232 |
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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(5,724 |
) |
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(37,392 |
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Other assets |
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354 |
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(1,613 |
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Accounts payable |
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(4,851 |
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8,155 |
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Royalty overrides |
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9,525 |
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14,201 |
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Accrued expenses and accrued compensation |
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5,870 |
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18,851 |
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Advance sales deposits |
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21,011 |
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6,877 |
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Income taxes payable |
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(15,529 |
) |
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359 |
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Deferred compensation plan liability |
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1,992 |
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(1,682 |
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NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
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227,294 |
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201,597 |
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CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
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Purchases of property |
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(41,776 |
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(68,325 |
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Proceeds from sale of property |
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93 |
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67 |
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Acquisition of business |
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(10,000 |
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Deferred compensation plan assets |
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(1,321 |
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1,488 |
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NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
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(53,004 |
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(66,770 |
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CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
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Dividends paid |
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(36,727 |
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(38,338 |
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Borrowings from long-term debt |
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138,974 |
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50,000 |
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Principal payments on long-term debt |
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(180,540 |
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(117,652 |
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Increase in deferred financing costs |
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(75 |
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Share repurchases |
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(33,630 |
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(94,193 |
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(Deficiency in) Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements |
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(759 |
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12,659 |
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Proceeds from exercise of stock options and sale of stock under employee stock purchase plan |
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2,209 |
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18,275 |
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NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
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(110,473 |
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(169,324 |
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EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH |
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737 |
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(3,516 |
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NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
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64,554 |
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(38,013 |
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
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150,847 |
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187,407 |
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD |
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$ |
215,401 |
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$ |
149,394 |
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CASH PAID DURING THE PERIOD |
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Interest paid |
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$ |
8,443 |
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$ |
10,365 |
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Income taxes paid |
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$ |
77,397 |
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$ |
68,597 |
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NON CASH ACTIVITIES |
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Assets acquired under capital leases and other long-term debt |
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$ |
339 |
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$ |
28,785 |
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See the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5
HERBALIFE LTD.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Organization
Herbalife Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted limited liability company, or Herbalife,
incorporated on April 4, 2002. Herbalife Ltd. (and together with its subsidiaries, the Company)
is a leading global network marketing company that sells weight management, nutritional supplement,
energy, sports & fitness products and personal care products through a network of approximately 1.9
million independent distributors, except in China, where the Company currently sells its products
through retail stores and an employed sales force. The Company reports revenue in six geographic
regions: North America, which consists of the U.S., Canada and Jamaica; Mexico; South and Central
America; EMEA, which consists of Europe, the Middle East and Africa; Asia Pacific (excluding China)
which consists of Asia, New Zealand and Australia; and China.
Recent Acquisition
During August 2009, the Company purchased certain assets of Micelle Laboratories, Inc., an
Orange County, California contract manufacturer of food and nutritional supplements. The Company
purchased the assets in order to strengthen its global manufacturing capabilities. The purchase
price is not material to the Companys consolidated financial statements and for accounting
purposes the acquisition was recorded as a business combination pursuant to the Financial
Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 805, Business
Combinations. As of September 30, 2009, while the Company has not yet completed the determination
of all identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the Companys consolidated balance
sheet at September 30, 2009 reflects preliminary amounts. These preliminary amounts may be
adjusted in subsequent quarters, during the measurement period, as the Company continues to
evaluate the business and more accurately assign fair values to the acquired assets and liabilities
assumed.
2. Basis of Presentation
The unaudited interim financial information of the Company has been prepared in accordance
with Article 10 of the Securities and Exchange Commissions, or the SEC, Regulation S-X.
Accordingly, it does not include all of the information required by generally accepted accounting
principles in the U.S., or GAAP, for complete financial statements. The Companys unaudited
consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2009, and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009 and 2008, include Herbalife and all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries. In
the opinion of management, the accompanying financial information contains all adjustments,
consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Companys unaudited
consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2009, and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009 and 2008. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in
conjunction with the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, or
the 2008 10-K. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, are not
necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2009.
The Company has performed an evaluation of subsequent events through November 2, 2009, which is the
date the financial statements were issued.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2009, the FASB issued the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, or the Codification,
which is the single source of authoritative nongovernmental U.S. GAAP. Rules and interpretive
releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative
GAAP for SEC reporting companies. The Codification, which changes the referencing of financial
standards, became effective for interim and annual periods ending on or after September 15, 2009.
All existing non-SEC accounting standards are superseded as described in the Codification. All
other non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification is non-authoritative. The
adoption of the Codification did not have a significant impact on the Companys consolidated
financial statements.
6
3. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following:
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As of |
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September 30, |
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December 31, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Borrowings under senior secured credit facility |
|
$ |
295.8 |
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$ |
324.5 |
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Capital leases |
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5.0 |
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6.9 |
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Other debt |
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|
9.1 |
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20.2 |
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Total |
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309.9 |
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|
351.6 |
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Less: current portion |
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12.4 |
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15.1 |
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Long-term portion |
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$ |
297.5 |
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$ |
336.5 |
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|
Interest expense was $1.6 million and $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30,
2009 and 2008, respectively, and $7.8 million and $15.3 million for the nine months ended September
30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
On July 21, 2006, the Company entered into a $300.0 million senior secured credit facility,
comprised of a $200.0 million term loan and a $100.0 million revolving credit facility, with a
syndicate of financial institutions as lenders. In September 2007, the Company and its
lenders amended the senior secured credit facility, increasing the amount of the revolving credit
facility by an aggregate principal amount of $150.0 million to $250.0 million. The term loan bears
interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.5%, or the base rate plus a margin of 0.50%, and matures on
July 21, 2013. The revolving credit facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.25%, or the
base rate plus a margin of 0.25%, and is available until July 21, 2012. On September 30, 2009 and
December 31, 2008, the weighted average interest rate for the senior secured credit facility was
1.61% and 3.04%, respectively.
The senior secured credit facility requires the Company to comply with a leverage ratio and an
interest coverage ratio. In addition, the senior secured credit facility contains customary
covenants, including covenants that limit or restrict the Companys ability to incur liens, incur
indebtedness, make investments, dispose of assets, make certain restricted payments, merge or
consolidate and enter into certain transactions with affiliates. As of September 30, 2009, the
Company was compliant with the debt covenants.
As of September 30, 2009, the Company is obligated to pay approximately $0.4 million of the
term loan every quarter until June 30, 2013, and the remaining principal on July 21, 2013. As of
September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the amounts outstanding under the term loan were $145.8
million and $146.8 million, respectively.
During the first quarter of 2009, the Company borrowed an additional $19.0 million under the
revolving credit facility and paid $14.7 million of the revolving credit facility. During the
second quarter of 2009, the Company borrowed an additional $40.0 million under the revolving credit
facility and paid $70.0 million of the revolving credit facility. During the third quarter of 2009,
the Company borrowed an additional $80.0 million under the revolving credit facility and paid $82.0
million of the revolving credit facility. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the
amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility were $150.0 million and $177.7 million,
respectively.
Through the course of conducting regular business operations, certain vendors and government
agencies may require letters of credit to be issued. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31,
2008, the Company had an aggregate of $2.9 million and $2.8 million, respectively, of issued but undrawn letters of credit.
4. Contingencies
The Company is from time to time engaged in routine litigation. The Company regularly reviews
all pending litigation matters in which it is involved and establishes reserves deemed appropriate
by management for these litigation matters when a probable loss estimate can be made.
As a marketer of dietary and nutritional supplements and other products that are ingested by
consumers or applied to their bodies, the Company has been and is currently subjected to various
product liability claims. The effects of these claims to date have not been material to the
Company, and the reasonably possible range of exposure on currently existing claims is not material
to the Company. The Company believes that it has meritorious defenses to the allegations contained
in the lawsuits. The Company currently maintains
product liability insurance with an annual deductible of $10 million.
7
On April 16, 2007, Herbalife International of America, Inc. filed a Complaint in the United
States District Court for the Central District of California against certain former Herbalife
distributors who had left the Company to join a competitor. The Complaint alleged breach of
contract, misappropriation of trade secrets, intentional interference with prospective economic
advantage, intentional interference with contract, unfair
competition, constructive trust and fraud
and seeks monetary damages, attorneys fees and injunctive relief. (Herbalife International of America, Inc. v. Robert E. Ford, et al) The
court entered a Preliminary Injunction against the defendants enjoining them from further use
and/or misappropriation of the Companys trade secrets on December 11, 2007. Defendants appealed
the courts entry of the Preliminary Injunction to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
That court affirmed, in relevant part, the Preliminary Injunction. On December 3, 2007, the
defendants filed a counterclaim alleging that the Company had engaged in unfair and deceptive
business practices, intentional and negligent interference with prospective economic advantage,
false advertising and that the Company was an endless chain scheme in
violation of California law and seeking restitution, contract
rescission and an injunction. Both sides engaged in discovery and filed cross motions for Summary Judgment. On August 25, 2009,
the court granted partial summary judgment for Herbalife on all of defendants claims except the
claim that the Company is an endless chain scheme which under applicable law is a question of fact
that can only be determined at trial. The court denied defendants motion for Summary Judgment on
Herbalifes claims for misappropriation of trade secrets and breach of contract. No date has been
set for trial. The Company believes that there is merit to its claims
for relief and that it has meritorious
defenses to the remaining counterclaim.
Certain of the Companys subsidiaries have been subject to tax audits by governmental
authorities in their respective countries. In certain of these tax audits, governmental authorities
are proposing that significant amounts of additional taxes and related interest and penalties are
due. The Company and its tax advisors believe that there are substantial defenses to their
allegations that additional taxes are owed, and the Company is vigorously contesting the additional
proposed taxes and related charges.
These matters may take several years to resolve. While the Company believes it has
meritorious defenses, it cannot be sure of their ultimate resolution. Although the Company has
reserved an amount that the Company believes represents the most likely outcome of the resolution
of these disputes, if the Company is incorrect in the assessment the Company may have to record
additional expenses.
5. Comprehensive Income
Total comprehensive income consisted of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Net income |
|
$ |
57.9 |
|
|
$ |
58.1 |
|
|
$ |
147.7 |
|
|
$ |
187.5 |
|
Unrealized gain/(loss) on derivative instruments |
|
|
(2.4 |
) |
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
(1.7 |
) |
|
|
0.3 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
(7.6 |
) |
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
|
(7.3 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income |
|
$ |
59.3 |
|
|
$ |
50.9 |
|
|
$ |
149.3 |
|
|
$ |
180.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. Segment Information
The Company is a network marketing company that sells a wide range of weight management
products, nutritional supplements and personal care products within one industry segment as defined
under the FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting. The Companys products are manufactured by third
party providers, in the Companys Suzhou China facility, and in its recently acquired manufacturing
facility located in Orange County and then are sold to independent distributors who sell Herbalife
products to retail consumers or other distributors.
The Company sells products in 70 countries throughout the world and is organized and managed
by geographic regions. The Company aggregates its operating segments, excluding China, into one
reporting segment, or the Primary Reporting Segment, as management believes that the Companys
operating segments have similar operating characteristics and similar long term operating
performance. In making this determination, management believes that the operating segments are
similar in the nature of the products sold, the product acquisition process, the types of customers
to whom products are sold, the methods used to distribute the products, and the nature of the
regulatory environment. China has been identified as a separate reporting segment as it does not
meet the criteria for aggregation.
8
Revenues reflect sales of products to distributors based on the distributors geographic
location.
During the first quarter of 2009, the Company changed its geographic regions as part of the
Companys restructuring program by designating Mexico as its own region and combining South America
and Central America into one region. These changes in geographic regions were implemented to create
growth opportunities for distributors, support faster decision making across the organization by
reducing the number of layers of management, improve the sharing of ideas and tools and accelerate
growth in the Companys high potential markets. Historical information presented related to the
Companys geographic regions has been reclassified to conform with the current geographic
presentation. The operating information for the Primary Reporting Segment and China, and sales by
product line are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Net Sales: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Primary Reporting Segment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
$ |
136.8 |
|
|
$ |
130.9 |
|
|
$ |
390.0 |
|
|
$ |
372.5 |
|
Mexico |
|
|
68.3 |
|
|
|
91.6 |
|
|
|
193.9 |
|
|
|
288.0 |
|
Others |
|
|
349.6 |
|
|
|
338.5 |
|
|
|
996.9 |
|
|
|
1,081.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Primary Reporting Segment |
|
|
554.7 |
|
|
|
561.0 |
|
|
|
1,580.8 |
|
|
|
1,741.8 |
|
China |
|
|
45.5 |
|
|
|
41.2 |
|
|
|
112.9 |
|
|
|
104.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Net Sales |
|
$ |
600.2 |
|
|
$ |
602.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,693.7 |
|
|
$ |
1,846.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Margin(1): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Primary Reporting Segment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
$ |
57.8 |
|
|
$ |
57.2 |
|
|
$ |
172.4 |
|
|
$ |
157.9 |
|
Mexico |
|
|
25.3 |
|
|
|
40.5 |
|
|
|
76.7 |
|
|
|
122.6 |
|
Others |
|
|
151.5 |
|
|
|
151.2 |
|
|
|
433.3 |
|
|
|
484.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Primary Reporting Segment |
|
|
234.6 |
|
|
|
248.9 |
|
|
|
682.4 |
|
|
|
765.2 |
|
China (2) |
|
|
39.2 |
|
|
|
36.4 |
|
|
|
97.8 |
|
|
|
90.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Operating Margin |
|
$ |
273.8 |
|
|
$ |
285.3 |
|
|
$ |
780.2 |
|
|
$ |
855.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
|
|
196.0 |
|
|
|
196.8 |
|
|
|
568.2 |
|
|
|
584.3 |
|
Interest expense, net |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
|
10.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
76.8 |
|
|
|
85.1 |
|
|
|
207.9 |
|
|
|
261.0 |
|
Income taxes |
|
|
18.9 |
|
|
|
27.0 |
|
|
|
60.2 |
|
|
|
73.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Income |
|
$ |
57.9 |
|
|
$ |
58.1 |
|
|
$ |
147.7 |
|
|
$ |
187.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Net sales by product line: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weight Management |
|
$ |
382.2 |
|
|
$ |
379.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,075.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,165.2 |
|
Targeted Nutrition |
|
|
126.2 |
|
|
|
124.7 |
|
|
|
357.1 |
|
|
|
380.8 |
|
Energy, Sports and Fitness |
|
|
26.2 |
|
|
|
27.6 |
|
|
|
71.8 |
|
|
|
78.1 |
|
Outer Nutrition |
|
|
30.0 |
|
|
|
34.7 |
|
|
|
93.8 |
|
|
|
114.2 |
|
Literature, promotional and other(3) |
|
|
35.6 |
|
|
|
36.0 |
|
|
|
95.8 |
|
|
|
108.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Net Sales |
|
$ |
600.2 |
|
|
$ |
602.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,693.7 |
|
|
$ |
1,846.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales by geographic region: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America(4) |
|
$ |
140.9 |
|
|
$ |
135.9 |
|
|
$ |
402.3 |
|
|
$ |
387.7 |
|
Mexico |
|
|
68.3 |
|
|
|
91.6 |
|
|
|
193.9 |
|
|
|
288.0 |
|
South and Central America |
|
|
93.0 |
|
|
|
94.4 |
|
|
|
253.7 |
|
|
|
299.0 |
|
EMEA(5) |
|
|
123.3 |
|
|
|
135.4 |
|
|
|
373.2 |
|
|
|
453.3 |
|
Asia Pacific(6) |
|
|
129.2 |
|
|
|
103.7 |
|
|
|
357.7 |
|
|
|
313.8 |
|
China |
|
|
45.5 |
|
|
|
41.2 |
|
|
|
112.9 |
|
|
|
104.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Net Sales |
|
$ |
600.2 |
|
|
$ |
602.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,693.7 |
|
|
$ |
1,846.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Operating margin consists of net sales less cost of sales and royalty overrides. |
|
(2) |
|
Compensation to China sales employees is included in selling, general and administrative
expenses while distributor compensation for all other countries is included in royalty
overrides. |
|
(3) |
|
Product buybacks and returns in all product categories are included in the literature,
promotional and other category. |
|
(4) |
|
Consists of the U.S., Canada and Jamaica. |
|
(5) |
|
Consists of Europe, Middle East and Africa. |
|
(6) |
|
Consists of Asia (excluding China), New Zealand and Australia. |
9
As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, total assets for the Companys Primary
Reporting Segment were $1,170.4 million and $1,074.3 million, respectively. Total assets for the
China segment were $48.1 million and $47.0 million as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008,
respectively.
7. Stock Based Compensation
The Company has five stock-based compensation plans, which are more fully described in Note 9
to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2008 10-K. During the nine months ended September
30, 2009, the Company granted stock awards subject to continued service, consisting of stock units
and stock appreciation rights, with vesting terms fully described in the 2008 10-K. During the nine
months ended September 30, 2009, the Company also granted other stock units and stock appreciation
rights, subject to continued service, one-third of which vest on the third anniversary of the date
of grant, one-third of which vest on the fourth anniversary of the date of grant, and the remaining
one-third of which vest on the fifth anniversary of the date of grant.
For the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, stock-based compensation expense
amounted to $5.1 million and $5.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30,
2009 and 2008, stock-based compensation expense amounted to $15.3 million and $13.9 million,
respectively. As of September 30, 2009, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to all
non-vested stock awards was $36.7 million and the related weighted-average period over which it is
expected to be recognized is approximately 1.7 years.
The following tables summarize the activity under all stock-based compensation plans for the
nine months ended September 30, 2009:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
Intrinsic |
|
Stock Options & Stock Appreciation Rights |
|
Shares |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Term |
|
|
Value |
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2008 |
|
|
6,967 |
|
|
$ |
26.32 |
|
|
6.2 years |
|
$ |
27.6 |
|
Granted |
|
|
1,538 |
|
|
$ |
14.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
(177 |
) |
|
$ |
10.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(461 |
) |
|
$ |
30.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at September 30, 2009 |
|
|
7,867 |
|
|
$ |
24.12 |
|
|
6.04 years |
|
$ |
91.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable at September 30, 2009 |
|
|
4,341 |
|
|
$ |
19.61 |
|
|
4.77 years |
|
$ |
60.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grant Date |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
Incentive Plan and Independent Directors Stock Units |
|
Shares |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Outstanding and nonvested at December 31, 2008 |
|
|
476.3 |
|
|
$ |
43.41 |
|
|
$ |
20.7 |
|
Granted |
|
|
436.0 |
|
|
$ |
14.60 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
|
Vested |
|
|
(156.6 |
) |
|
$ |
42.64 |
|
|
|
(6.6 |
) |
Cancelled |
|
|
(52.9 |
) |
|
$ |
36.48 |
|
|
|
(1.9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding and nonvested at September 30, 2009 |
|
|
702.8 |
|
|
$ |
26.55 |
|
|
$ |
18.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock awards granted during the three months
ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 was $17.60 and $21.73, respectively. The weighted-average grant
date fair value of stock awards granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008,
was $6.37 and $21.96, respectively. The total intrinsic value of stock awards exercised during the
three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, was $1.4 million and $4.6 million, respectively.
The total intrinsic value of stock awards exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2009
and 2008, was $3.2 million and $44.9 million, respectively.
10
8. Income Taxes
As of September 30, 2009, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits, related interest and
penalties was $41.0 million, $8.8 million and $3.4 million, respectively. During the nine months
ended September 30, 2009, the Company recorded tax, interest and
penalties related to uncertain tax positions of $4.1 million, $1.5 million and $0.1 million
respectively. These amounts were netted against a reduction for the expiration of the statutes of
limitations for tax of $4.1 million and interest of $1.2 million, which resulted in a year to date
net increase of interest and penalties of $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The
unrecognized tax benefits relate primarily to uncertainties from international transfer pricing
issues and the deductibility of certain operating expenses in various jurisdictions. If the total
amount of unrecognized tax benefits were recognized, $41.0 million of unrecognized tax benefits,
$8.8 million of interest and $3.4 million of penalties, would impact the effective tax rate.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the Company benefited from the terms of a tax
holiday in the Peoples Republic of China. The tax holiday commenced on January 1, 2008 and will
conclude on December 31, 2012. Under the terms of the holiday, the Company is subject to a zero tax
rate in China during 2008 and 2009 and a concessionary tax rate in China for the remaining years
included in the holiday period.
9. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the new accounting standard that requires additional
financial statement disclosures on derivative instruments as required by the Derivatives and
Hedging Topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. This adoption did not have any
financial impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements and only required additional
financial statement disclosures on derivative instruments. The Company has applied the requirements
of this standard on a prospective basis. Accordingly, disclosures related to interim and annual
periods prior to the date of adoption have not been presented.
Interest Rate Risk Management
The Company engages in an interest rate hedging strategy for which the hedged transactions are
forecasted interest payments on the Companys variable rate term loan. The hedged risk is the
variability of forecasted interest rate cash flows, where the hedging strategy involves the
purchase of interest rate swaps. For the outstanding cash flow hedges on interest rate exposures at
September 30, 2009, the maximum length of time over which the Company is hedging these exposures is
approximately four years.
Under its senior secured credit facility, the Company was obligated to enter into interest
rate hedges for up to 25% of the aggregate principal amount of the term loan for a minimum of three
years. On August 23, 2006, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement. The agreement
provided for the Company to pay interest for a three-year period at a fixed rate of 5.26% on the
initial notional principal amount of $180.0 million while receiving interest for the same period
at the LIBOR rate on the same notional principal amount. The notional amount was scheduled to be
reduced by $20.0 million in the second, third and fourth quarters of each year commencing January
1, 2007 throughout the term of the swap. The swap had been designated as a cash flow hedge against
the variability in the LIBOR interest rate on the new term loan at LIBOR plus 1.50%, thereby fixing
the Companys effective rate on the notional amounts at 6.76%. In September 2009, the interest
swap expired and was consequently settled. As of September 30, 2009, there were no amounts
remaining in other comprehensive income relating to this expired interest swap and the swap had no
value. As of December 31, 2008, the Company recorded the interest rate swap as a liability at
fair value of $1.0 million.
On June 26, 2009, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement, with an effective
date of June 30, 2009, which expired on September 30, 2009. The swap notional amount was $20
million, where the Company paid three month LIBOR and received one month LIBOR plus 0.185%. As of
September 30, 2009, the interest rate swap agreement expired and all outstanding amounts were
settled. The Company had elected not to apply hedge accounting for the interest rate swap.
During August 2009, the Company entered into four interest rate swap agreements with an
effective date of December 31, 2009. The agreements, collectively, provide for the Company to pay
interest for less than a four-year period at a weighted average fixed rate of 2.78% on notional
amounts aggregating to $140 million while receiving interest for the same period at the one month
LIBOR rate on the same notional amounts. These agreements will expire in July 2013. The swaps have
been designated as cash flow hedges against the variability in the LIBOR interest rate on the term
loan at LIBOR plus 1.50%, thereby fixing the Companys weighted average effective rate on the
notional amounts at 4.28%. The Company formally assesses both at inception and at least quarterly
thereafter, whether the derivatives used in hedging transactions are effective in offsetting
changes in cash flows of the hedged item. As of September 30, 2009, the hedge relationships
qualified as effective hedges under the FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or ASC Topic
815. Consequently, all changes in the fair value of the derivatives are deferred and recorded in
other comprehensive income (loss) until the related forecasted transactions are recognized in the
consolidated statements of income. As of September 30, 2009, the fair value of the interest rate
swap agreements are based on third-party bank quotes and the Company recorded the interest rate
swaps as a liability at fair value of $2.5 million.
11
Foreign Currency Instruments
The Company also designates certain derivatives, such as certain foreign currency forward and
option contracts, as freestanding derivatives for which hedge accounting does not apply. The
changes in the fair market value of the derivatives are included in selling, general and
administrative expenses in the Companys consolidated statements of income. The Company uses
foreign currency forward contracts to hedge foreign-currency-denominated intercompany transactions
and to partially mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations. The Company also uses
foreign currency option contracts to partially mitigate the impact of foreign currency
fluctuations. The fair value of the forward and option contracts are based on third-party bank
quotes. As of September 30, 2009, all of the Companys outstanding foreign currency forward
contracts have maturity dates of less than one year, with the majority maturing within 90 days.
There were no foreign currency option contracts outstanding as of September 30, 2009. See Part I,
Item 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for foreign currency instruments outstanding as of September 30, 2009.
The Company also purchases forward contracts in order to hedge forecasted inventory purchases
that are designated as cash-flow hedges and are subject to foreign currency exposures. The Company
applied the hedge accounting rules as required by ASC Topic 815 for these hedges. These contracts
allow the Company to sell Euros in exchange for U.S. dollars at specified contract rates. As of
September 30, 2009, approximately $12.0 million of these contracts were outstanding and were
expected to mature over the next three months. The Companys derivative financial instruments are
recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value based on quoted market rates. These
forward contracts are used to hedge forecasted inventory purchases over specific months. Changes in
the fair value of forward contracts, excluding forward points, designated as cash-flow hedges are
recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), and are recognized in cost of sales in the period
which approximates the time the hedged inventory is sold. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31,
2008, the Company recorded a liability at fair value of $0.6 million and $0.1 million,
respectively, relating to outstanding contracts. The Company assesses hedge effectiveness and
measures hedge ineffectiveness at least quarterly. During the three and nine months ended September
30, 2009, the ineffective portion relating to these hedges was immaterial and the hedges remained
effective as of September 30, 2009.
Gains and Losses on Derivative Instruments
The following table summarizes gains (losses) relating to derivative instruments recorded in
other comprehensive income (loss) during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized |
|
|
|
in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
|
|
|
For The Three |
|
|
For The Nine |
|
|
|
Months Ended |
|
|
Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, 2009 |
|
|
September 30, 2009 |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange contracts |
|
$(0.6) |
|
$0.1 |
Interest rate contracts |
|
$(2.5) |
|
$(2.5) |
The following table summarizes gains (losses) relating to derivative instruments recorded to
income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount of Gain (Loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
Recognized in Income |
|
|
Location of Gain |
|
|
For The Three Months |
|
|
For The Nine Months |
|
|
(Loss) |
|
|
Ended September 30, 2009 |
|
|
Ended September 30, 2009 |
|
|
Recognized in Income |
|
|
(In millions) |
|
|
|
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange contracts(1) |
|
$(0.1) |
|
$(0.1) |
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange contracts |
|
$(1.9) |
|
$(11.7) |
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
For foreign exchange contracts designated as hedging instruments, the $0.1 million loss
recognized in income represents the amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge
effectiveness. There were no ineffective amounts reported for derivatives designated as
hedging instruments. |
12
The following table summarizes gains (losses) relating to derivative instruments reclassified
from accumulated other comprehensive loss into income during the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Location of Gain (Loss) |
|
|
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified |
|
|
Reclassified |
|
|
from Accumulated Other Comprehensive |
|
|
from Accumulated Other |
|
|
Income (Loss) into Income |
|
|
Comprehensive Income |
|
|
For The Three Months |
|
|
For The Nine Months |
|
|
(Loss) into Income |
|
|
Ended September 30, 2009 |
|
|
Ended September 30, 2009 |
|
|
(Effective Portion) |
|
|
(In millions) |
|
|
|
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange contracts |
|
$0.5 |
|
$0.9 |
|
Cost of sales |
Interest rate contracts |
|
$(0.2) |
|
$(1.0) |
|
Interest expense, net |
ASC Topic 815 requires companies to recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or
liabilities at fair value in the statement of financial position. See Note 13, Fair Value
Measurements, for information on derivative fair values in the Companys consolidated balance sheet
as of September 30, 2009.
10. Restructuring Reserve
The Company recorded $0.7 million and $1.5 million of professional fees, severance and related
costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, related to
restructurings initiated in the fourth quarter of 2008. The Company recorded $0.1 million and $1.9
million of professional fees, severance and related costs for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2008, respectively, related to restructurings initiated in the fourth quarter of
2007. All such amounts were included in selling, general and administrative expenses. The Companys
restructuring program, initiated during the fourth quarter of 2008, is expected to be completed
during 2009.
The following table summarizes the components of this reserve as of September 30, 2009:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retention |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Severance |
|
|
Benefits |
|
|
Others |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Balance as of December 31, 2008 |
|
$ |
3.3 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
3.3 |
|
Charges |
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
Cash payments |
|
|
(3.8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
|
|
(4.6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of September 30, 2009 |
|
$ |
0.2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11. Shareholders Equity
Dividends
On February 20, 2009, the Companys board of directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of
$0.20 per common share in an aggregate amount of $12.3 million, for the fourth quarter of 2008 that
was paid to shareholders on March 17, 2009. On April 30, 2009, the Companys board of directors
approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 per common share in an aggregate amount of $12.3
million, for the first quarter of 2009 that was paid to shareholders on June 5, 2009. On August 3,
2009, the Companys board of directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 per common share
in an aggregate amount of $12.1 million, for the second quarter of 2009 that was paid to
shareholders on September 10, 2009.
The aggregate amount of dividends declared and paid during the three months ended September
30, 2009 and 2008 were $12.1 million and $12.8 million, respectively. The aggregate amount of
dividends declared and paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, were $36.7
million and $38.4 million, respectively.
Share Repurchases
On April 17, 2009, the Companys share repurchase program adopted on April 18, 2007 expired
pursuant to its terms. On April 30, 2009, the Company announced that its board of directors
authorized a new program for the Company to repurchase up to $300 million of Herbalife common
shares during the next two years, at such times and prices as determined by the Companys
management. During the quarter ended September 30, 2009, the Company repurchased 1.0 million of its
common shares through open market purchases at an aggregate cost of approximately $32.5 million or
an average cost of $32.49 per share. As of September 30, 2009, the approximate
dollar value of shares that could be repurchased under the Companys share repurchase program
was approximately $267.5 million.
13
The aggregate purchase price of the common shares repurchased was reflected as a reduction to
shareholders equity. The Company allocated the purchase price of the repurchased shares as a
reduction to retained earnings, common shares and additional paid-in-capital.
For certain restricted stock units granted and stock appreciation rights, pursuant to the
Companys stock-based compensation plans as discussed in Note 7, Stock Based Compensation, the
number of shares issued on the vesting or exercise date is net of the statutory withholding
requirements that the Company pays on behalf of its employees. Although shares withheld are not
issued, they are treated as common share repurchases for accounting purposes, as they reduce the
number of shares that would have been issued upon vesting.
12. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share represents net income for the period common shares were outstanding,
divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted
earnings per share represents net income divided by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding, inclusive of the effect of dilutive securities such as outstanding stock options,
stock appreciation rights, stock units and warrants.
The following are the common share amounts used to compute the basic and diluted earnings per
share for each period:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Three Months |
|
|
For the Nine Months |
|
|
|
Ended September 30, |
|
|
Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
|
Weighted average shares used in basic computations |
|
|
61,234 |
|
|
|
63,594 |
|
|
|
61,467 |
|
|
|
64,062 |
|
Dilutive effect of exercise of equity grants outstanding |
|
|
2,005 |
|
|
|
1,649 |
|
|
|
1,465 |
|
|
|
2,012 |
|
Dilutive effect of warrants |
|
|
158 |
|
|
|
196 |
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
195 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares used in diluted computations |
|
|
63,397 |
|
|
|
65,439 |
|
|
|
63,049 |
|
|
|
66,269 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity
grants, such as stock options, stock appreciation rights, or stock
units, of 2.8 million and 1.4 million were outstanding during the three months ended
September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted
earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive. Equity grants, such as stock
options, stock appreciation rights, or stock units, of 3.0 million and 1.4
million were outstanding during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008,
respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted
earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.
13. Fair Value Measurements
The Company applies the provisions of the FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value
Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC Topic 820, for its financial and non-financial assets and
liabilities. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset
or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the
measurement date. ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs
used in measuring fair value into three broad levels as follows:
Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or
liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets,
quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active,
inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs that
are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other
means.
Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.
14
The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value consisting of derivative
instruments. All derivative assets are recorded as prepaid expenses and other current assets, and
all derivative liabilities are recorded as accrued expenses. Assets or liabilities that have
recurring measurements are shown below:
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted Prices |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in Active |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Markets for |
|
|
Other |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Identical |
|
|
Observable |
|
|
Unobservable |
|
|
|
Balance Sheet |
|
September 30, |
|
|
Assets/Liabilities |
|
|
Inputs |
|
|
Inputs |
|
Description |
|
Location |
|
2009 |
|
|
(Level 1) |
|
|
(Level 2) |
|
|
(Level 3) |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivatives not designated as cash flow hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency forward contracts |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
$ |
0.9 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
0.9 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
|
|
$ |
0.9 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
0.9 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate swap |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
$ |
2.5 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
2.5 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Foreign currency forward contracts |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency forward contracts |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
|
$ |
4.9 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4.9 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14. Subsequent Event
Due to the current restrictions in obtaining U.S. dollars at the official currency
exchange rate and in order to mitigate the Companys currency exchange risk in Venezuela,
the Company intends to exchange approximately 100 million bolivars of Herbalife Venezuelas cash
and cash equivalents through a legal parallel market exchange process during the fourth quarter of
2009. In October 2009, Herbalife Venezuela exchanged 66 million
bolivars for $13 million at an
average currency exchange rate of 5.3 Venezuelan bolivars per U.S. dollar through a legal
parallel market exchange process. These 66 million bolivars were previously translated at the
official currency exchange rate and were reported as $31 million in the Companys
consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2009. In October
2009, Herbalife Venezuela began to repatriate exchanged U.S. dollars to settle certain of its intercompany payable balances, and any
corresponding charges would be recorded in the fourth quarter of 2009 and in 2010.
On October 29, 2009, the Company announced that its board of directors has authorized a $0.20
per common share cash dividend for the third quarter of 2009, payable on December 9, 2009 to
shareholders of record on November 25, 2009.
The Company has performed an evaluation of subsequent events through November 2, 2009, which
is the date the financial statements were issued.
15
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
We are a global network marketing company that sells weight management products, nutritional
supplements, energy, sports & fitness products and personal care products. We pursue our mission of
changing peoples lives by providing a financially rewarding business opportunity to distributors
and quality products to distributors and their customers who seek a healthy lifestyle. We are one
of the largest network marketing companies in the world with net sales of approximately $2.4
billion for the year ended December 31, 2008. As of September 30, 2009, we sold our products in 70
countries through a network of approximately 1.9 million independent distributors. In China, we
sell our products through retail stores and an employed sales force. We believe the quality of our
products and the effectiveness of our distribution network, coupled with geographic expansion, have
been the primary reasons for our success throughout our 29-year operating history.
Our products are grouped in four principal categories: weight management, targeted nutrition,
energy, sports & fitness and Outer Nutrition, along with literature and promotional items. Our
products are often sold in programs that are comprised of a series of related products and
literature designed to simplify weight management and nutrition for consumers and maximize our
distributors cross-selling opportunities.
Industry-wide factors that affect us and our competitors include the increasing prevalence of
obesity and the aging of the worldwide population, which are driving demand for nutrition and
wellness-related products along with the global increase in under and unemployment which can affect
the recruitment and retention of distributors.
While we are closely monitoring the current global economic crisis, the Company remains
focused on the opportunities and challenges in retailing of our products, recruiting and retaining
distributors, improving distributor productivity, opening new markets, further penetrating existing
markets including China, the U.S., Brazil, Mexico and Russia, globalizing successful distributor
methods of operation such as Nutrition Clubs and Weight Loss Challenges, introducing new products
and globalizing existing products, developing niche market segments and further investing in our
infrastructure. Management remains intently focused on the Venezuela market and especially the
limited ability to repatriate cash at the official exchange rate.
During the first quarter of 2009, we changed our geographic regions, designating Mexico as its
own region and combining South America and Central America into a single region. These changes in
geographic regions were implemented to create growth opportunities for distributors, support faster
decision making across the organization by reducing the number of layers of management, improve the
sharing of ideas and tools and accelerate growth in high potential markets. Under the new
geographic regions, we report revenue from:
|
|
|
North America, which consists of the U.S., Canada and Jamaica; |
|
|
|
|
Mexico; |
|
|
|
|
South and Central America; |
|
|
|
|
EMEA, which consists of Europe, the Middle East and Africa; |
|
|
|
|
Asia Pacific (excluding China), which consists of Asia, New Zealand and Australia; and |
|
|
|
|
China. |
16
Historical information presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relating to our
geographic regions has been reclassified to conform with our current
geographic presentation.
Volume Points by Geographic Region
A key non-financial measure we focus on is Volume Points on a Royalty Basis, or Volume Points,
which is essentially our weighted unit measure of product sales volume. It is a useful measure that
we rely on as it excludes the impact of foreign currency fluctuations and ignores the differences
generated by varying retail pricing across geographic markets. The Volume Point measure, in the
aggregate and in each region, can be a measure of our sales volume as well as of sales volume
trends. In general, an increase in Volume Points in a particular geographic region or country
indicates an increase in our sales volume which results in an increase in our local currency net
sales; a decrease in Volume Points in a particular geographic region or country indicates a
decrease in our sales volume, which results in decreasing local currency net sales.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
% Change |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
% Change |
|
|
|
(Volume points in millions) |
|
North America |
|
|
207.6 |
|
|
|
202.8 |
|
|
|
2.4 |
% |
|
|
594.6 |
|
|
|
586.2 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
% |
Mexico |
|
|
126.4 |
|
|
|
132.1 |
|
|
|
(4.3 |
)% |
|
|
371.0 |
|
|
|
433.0 |
|
|
|
(14.3 |
)% |
South & Central America |
|
|
102.1 |
|
|
|
101.4 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
% |
|
|
302.7 |
|
|
|
331.5 |
|
|
|
(8.7 |
)% |
EMEA |
|
|
109.4 |
|
|
|
116.2 |
|
|
|
(5.9 |
)% |
|
|
350.9 |
|
|
|
382.3 |
|
|
|
(8.2 |
)% |
Asia Pacific (excluding China) |
|
|
148.2 |
|
|
|
108.9 |
|
|
|
36.1 |
% |
|
|
418.6 |
|
|
|
325.6 |
|
|
|
28.6 |
% |
China |
|
|
32.3 |
|
|
|
30.2 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
% |
|
|
85.9 |
|
|
|
84.3 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide |
|
|
726.0 |
|
|
|
691.6 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
% |
|
|
2,123.7 |
|
|
|
2,142.9 |
|
|
|
(0.9 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of New Sales Leaders by Geographic Region during the Reporting Period
Another key non-financial measure on which we focus is the number of distributors qualified as
new sales leaders under our compensation system. Excluding China, distributors qualify for
supervisor status based on their Volume Points. The changes in the total number of sales leaders or
changes in the productivity of sales leaders may cause Volume Points to increase or decrease. The
fluctuation in the number of new sales leaders is a general indicator of the level of distributor
recruitment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
% Change |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
% Change |
|
North America |
|
|
10,569 |
|
|
|
11,723 |
|
|
|
(9.8 |
)% |
|
|
29,095 |
|
|
|
33,862 |
|
|
|
(14.1 |
)% |
Mexico |
|
|
6,132 |
|
|
|
6,243 |
|
|
|
(1.8 |
)% |
|
|
16,799 |
|
|
|
21,810 |
|
|
|
(23.0 |
)% |
South & Central America |
|
|
6,376 |
|
|
|
10,758 |
|
|
|
(40.7 |
)% |
|
|
22,212 |
|
|
|
36,666 |
|
|
|
(39.4 |
)% |
EMEA |
|
|
5,222 |
|
|
|
6,052 |
|
|
|
(13.7 |
)% |
|
|
17,162 |
|
|
|
21,107 |
|
|
|
(18.7 |
)% |
Asia Pacific (excluding China) |
|
|
13,262 |
|
|
|
10,532 |
|
|
|
25.9 |
% |
|
|
37,182 |
|
|
|
30,676 |
|
|
|
21.2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total New Supervisors |
|
|
41,561 |
|
|
|
45,308 |
|
|
|
(8.3 |
)% |
|
|
122,450 |
|
|
|
144,121 |
|
|
|
(15.0 |
)% |
New China Sales Employees |
|
|
6,479 |
|
|
|
7,283 |
|
|
|
(11.0 |
)% |
|
|
17,577 |
|
|
|
19,500 |
|
|
|
(9.9 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide Total New Sales
Leaders |
|
|
48,040 |
|
|
|
52,591 |
|
|
|
(8.7 |
)% |
|
|
140,027 |
|
|
|
163,621 |
|
|
|
(14.4 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Supervisors and Retention Rates by Geographic Region as of Re-qualification Period
Our compensation system requires each supervisor to re-qualify for such status each year,
prior to February, in order to maintain their 50% discount on product and be eligible to receive
royalty payments. In February of each year, we demote from the rank of supervisor those
distributors who did not satisfy the supervisor re-qualification requirements during the preceding
twelve months. The re-qualification requirement does not apply to new supervisors (i.e. those who
became supervisors subsequent to the January re-qualification of the prior year).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supervisor Statistics (Excluding China) |
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
|
January 1 total supervisors |
|
|
456.9 |
|
|
|
451.6 |
|
January & February new supervisors |
|
|
20.6 |
|
|
|
28.6 |
|
Demoted supervisors (did not re-qualify) |
|
|
(181.4 |
) |
|
|
(167.7 |
) |
Other supervisors (resigned, etc) |
|
|
(1.4 |
) |
|
|
(2.8 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of February total supervisors |
|
|
294.7 |
|
|
|
309.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
The distributor statistics below further highlight the calculation for retention.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supervisor Retention (Excluding China) |
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
|
Supervisors needed to re-qualify |
|
|
304.0 |
|
|
|
284.0 |
|
Demoted supervisors (did not re-qualify) |
|
|
(181.4 |
) |
|
|
(167.7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total re-qualified |
|
|
122.6 |
|
|
|
116.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retention rate |
|
|
40.3 |
% |
|
|
41.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The table below reflects the number of sales leaders as of February (subsequent to the annual
re-qualification date) and supervisor retention rate by year and by region.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Sales Leaders |
|
|
Supervisors Retention Rate |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
North America |
|
|
63,726 |
|
|
|
64,383 |
|
|
|
42.2 |
% |
|
|
43.5 |
% |
Mexico |
|
|
50,099 |
|
|
|
60,685 |
|
|
|
45.2 |
% |
|
|
44.4 |
% |
South and Central America |
|
|
67,876 |
|
|
|
67,808 |
|
|
|
32.2 |
% |
|
|
34.7 |
% |
EMEA |
|
|
53,371 |
|
|
|
59,446 |
|
|
|
48.7 |
% |
|
|
46.6 |
% |
Asia Pacific (excluding China) |
|
|
59,631 |
|
|
|
57,355 |
|
|
|
35.1 |
% |
|
|
34.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Supervisors |
|
|
294,703 |
|
|
|
309,677 |
|
|
|
40.3 |
% |
|
|
41.0 |
% |
China Sales Employees |
|
|
29,684 |
|
|
|
25,294 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide Total Sales Leaders |
|
|
324,387 |
|
|
|
334,971 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The number of supervisors by geographic region as of the quarterly reporting dates will
normally be higher than the number of supervisors by geographic region as of the re-qualification
period because supervisors who do not re-qualify during the relevant twelve-month period will be
dropped from the rank of supervisor the following February. Since supervisors purchase most of our
products for resale to other distributors and consumers, comparisons of supervisor totals on a
year-to-year basis are good indicators of our recruitment and retention efforts in different
geographic regions.
The value of the average monthly purchase of Herbalife products by our sales leaders has
remained relatively constant over time. Consequently, increases in our sales are driven primarily
by our retention of supervisors and by our recruitment and retention of distributors, rather than
through increases in the productivity of our overall supervisor base.
We provide distributors with products, support materials, training, special events and a
competitive compensation program. If a distributor wants to pursue the Herbalife business
opportunity, the distributor is responsible for growing his or her business and personally pays for
the sales activities related to attracting new customers and recruiting distributors by hosting
events such as Herbalife Opportunity Meetings or Success Training Seminars; by advertising
Herbalifes products; by purchasing and using promotional materials such as t-shirts, buttons and
caps; by utilizing and paying for direct mail and print material such as brochures, flyers,
catalogs, business cards, posters and banners and telephone book listings; by purchasing inventory
for sale or use as samples; and by training, mentoring and following up (in person or via the phone
or internet) with customers and recruits on how to use Herbalife products and/or pursue the
Herbalife business opportunity.
Presentation
Retail sales represent the gross sales amounts on our invoices to distributors before
distributor allowances, as defined below, and net sales, which reflect distribution allowances
and handling and freight income, represent what we collect and recognize as net sales in our
financial statements. We discuss retail sales because of its fundamental role in our compensation
systems, internal controls and operations, including its role as the basis upon which distributor
discounts, royalties and bonuses are awarded. In addition, it is used as the basis for certain
information included in daily and monthly reports reviewed by our management. However, such a
measure is not in accordance with GAAP in the U.S. You should not consider retail sales in
isolation from, nor as a substitute for, net sales and other consolidated income or cash flow
statement data prepared in accordance with GAAP, or as a measure of profitability or liquidity. A
reconciliation of net sales to retail sales is presented below under Results of Operations.
Product sales represent the actual product purchase price paid to us by our distributors, after
giving effect to distributor discounts referred to as distributor allowances, which approximate
50% of retail sales prices. Distributor allowances as a percentage of retail sales may vary by
country depending upon regulatory restrictions that limit or otherwise restrict distributor
allowances.
18
Our gross profit consists of net sales less cost of sales, which represents the prices we
pay to our raw material suppliers and manufacturers of our products as well as costs related to
product shipments, duties and tariffs, freight expenses relating to shipment of products to
distributors and importers and similar expenses.
Royalty overrides are our most significant expense and consist of:
|
|
|
royalty overrides and production bonuses which total approximately 15% and 7%,
respectively, of the retail sales of weight management, targeted nutrition, energy, sports &
fitness, Outer Nutrition and promotional products; |
|
|
|
the Mark Hughes bonus payable to some of our most senior distributors in the aggregate
amount of up to 1% of retail sales of weight management, targeted nutrition, energy, sports
& fitness and Outer Nutrition products; and |
|
|
|
other discretionary incentive cash bonuses to qualifying distributors. |
Royalty overrides are generally earned based on retail sales and provide potential earnings to
distributors of up to 23% of retail sales or approximately 33% of our net sales. Royalty overrides
together with distributor allowances of up to 50% represent the potential earnings to distributors
of up to approximately 73% of retail sales. The compensation to distributors is generally for the
development, retention and improved productivity of their distributor sales organizations and is
paid to several levels of distributors on each sale. Due to restrictions on direct selling in
China, our full-time employed sales representatives in China are compensated with wages, bonuses
and benefits instead of the distributor allowances and royalty overrides utilized in our
traditional marketing program used in our other five regions. Because of local country regulatory
constraints, we may be required to modify our typical distributor incentive plans as described
above. Consequently, the total distributor discount percentage may vary over time. We also offer
reduced distributor allowances and pay reduced royalty overrides with respect to certain products
worldwide.
Our operating margins consist of net sales less cost of sales and royalty overrides.
Selling, general and administrative expenses represent our operating expenses, components of
which include labor and benefits, sales events, professional fees, travel and entertainment,
distributor marketing, occupancy costs, communication costs, bank fees, depreciation and
amortization, foreign exchange gains and losses and other miscellaneous operating expenses.
Most of our sales to distributors outside the United States are made in the respective local
currencies. In preparing our financial statements, we translate revenues into U.S. dollars using
average exchange rates. Additionally, the majority of our purchases from our suppliers generally
are made in U.S. dollars. Consequently, a strengthening of the U.S. dollar versus a foreign
currency can have a negative impact on our reported sales and operating margins and can generate
transaction losses on intercompany transactions. Throughout the last five years, foreign currency
exchange rates have fluctuated significantly. From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange
forward and option contracts to mitigate our foreign currency exchange risk as discussed in further
detail in Part I, Item 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Summary Financial Results
Net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 was $600.2 million and
$1,693.7 million, respectively. Net sales decreased $2.0 million, or 0.3%, and $152.6 million, or
8.3%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same
periods in 2008. The decrease was primarily due to the unfavorable impact of currency fluctuations
of $47.2 million and $192.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009,
respectively. In local currency, net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009
increased 7.5% and 2.2%, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. For the three
months ended September 30, 2009, net sales in some of our top countries including South Korea,
Taiwan, Venezuela, U.S. and China increased 60.3%, 27.6%, 38.1%, 4.5% and 10.4%, respectively, as
compared to the same period in 2008, while Mexico and Japan, decreased 25.5% and 8.9%,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2008. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009,
net sales in Mexico, Japan, Venezuela and Brazil declined 32.7%, 25.9%, 8.4% and 2.8%,
respectively, while net
sales in Taiwan, South Korea, U.S., Malaysia and China increased 25.8%, 31.3%, 4.7%, 29.5% and
8.0%, respectively. In Mexico, the negative impact of the Value Added Tax, or VAT, that has been
levied by the Mexican government on the import and resale of certain nutrition products, which we
began collecting from our distributors during the third quarter of 2008 contributed to the decline
in net sales and distributor and sales leader recruiting. In Japan, lower net sales were mainly
due to decline in distributor recruiting. In Venezuela, price increases to address inflation and
changes in non-resident distributor compensation to address currency controls imposed by the
Venezuelan government contributed to the decline in net sales and new sales leaders for the period.
The increase in net sales in other top markets was mainly due to successful conversions to daily
consumption business models, branding activities and increased distributor recruiting.
19
Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 was $57.9 million, or $0.91
per diluted share, and $147.7 million, or $2.34 per diluted share, respectively. Net income was
flat for the three months ended September 30, 2009, as compared to the same period in 2008. Net
income decreased $39.8 million or 21.2%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2008. The decrease was primarily driven by currency
related revenue declines, higher cost of goods sold and higher depreciation expense, partially
offset by lower professional fees, sales event costs, non-income tax expenses, travel and
entertainment expenses, and lower interest expense.
Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 included a $4.3 million and
$3.2 million net favorable impact, respectively, from expiration of certain statute of limitations
offset by a charge for an international income tax audit settlement. Net income for the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2009 also included a $0.5 million and $0.9 million unfavorable
after tax impact, respectively, in connection with our restructuring activities. Net income for the
nine months ended September 30, 2008 included a $1.1 million unfavorable after tax impact related
to our restructuring activities.
Results of Operations
Our results of operations for the periods described below are not necessarily indicative of
results of operations for future periods, which depend upon numerous factors, including our ability
to recruit new distributors and retain existing distributors, open new markets, further penetrate
existing markets, introduce new products and programs that will help our distributors increase
their retail efforts and develop niche market segments.
The following table sets forth selected results of our operations expressed as a percentage of
net sales for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
Operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Cost of sales |
|
|
22.0 |
|
|
|
19.4 |
|
|
|
21.1 |
|
|
|
19.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
|
78.0 |
|
|
|
80.6 |
|
|
|
78.9 |
|
|
|
80.4 |
|
Royalty overrides(1) |
|
|
32.4 |
|
|
|
33.3 |
|
|
|
32.9 |
|
|
|
34.0 |
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses(1) |
|
|
32.6 |
|
|
|
32.6 |
|
|
|
33.5 |
|
|
|
31.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
|
13.0 |
|
|
|
14.7 |
|
|
|
12.5 |
|
|
|
14.7 |
|
Interest expense, net |
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
12.8 |
|
|
|
14.1 |
|
|
|
12.3 |
|
|
|
14.1 |
|
Income taxes |
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
9.7 |
% |
|
|
9.6 |
% |
|
|
8.7 |
% |
|
|
10.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Compensation to our China sales employees is included in selling, general and administrative
expenses while distributor compensation for all other countries is included in royalty
overrides. |
20
Net Sales
The following chart reconciles retail sales to net sales:
Sales by Geographic Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail |
|
|
Distributor |
|
|
Product |
|
|
& Freight |
|
|
Net |
|
|
Retail |
|
|
Distributor |
|
|
Product |
|
|
& Freight |
|
|
Net |
|
|
Change in |
|
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Allowance |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Allowance |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Net Sales |
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions) |
|
North America |
|
$ |
225.7 |
|
|
$ |
(108.3 |
) |
|
$ |
117.4 |
|
|
$ |
23.5 |
|
|
$ |
140.9 |
|
|
$ |
218.9 |
|
|
$ |
(104.5 |
) |
|
$ |
114.4 |
|
|
$ |
21.5 |
|
|
$ |
135.9 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
% |
Mexico |
|
|
112.6 |
|
|
|
(54.8 |
) |
|
|
57.8 |
|
|
|
10.5 |
|
|
|
68.3 |
|
|
|
150.9 |
|
|
|
(73.3 |
) |
|
|
77.6 |
|
|
|
14.0 |
|
|
|
91.6 |
|
|
|
(25.4 |
)% |
South & Central America |
|
|
151.0 |
|
|
|
(71.9 |
) |
|
|
79.1 |
|
|
|
13.9 |
|
|
|
93.0 |
|
|
|
158.4 |
|
|
|
(77.6 |
) |
|
|
80.8 |
|
|
|
13.6 |
|
|
|
94.4 |
|
|
|
(1.5 |
)% |
EMEA |
|
|
198.9 |
|
|
|
(95.8 |
) |
|
|
103.1 |
|
|
|
20.2 |
|
|
|
123.3 |
|
|
|
219.4 |
|
|
|
(106.3 |
) |
|
|
113.1 |
|
|
|
22.3 |
|
|
|
135.4 |
|
|
|
(8.9 |
)% |
Asia Pacific |
|
|
208.8 |
|
|
|
(96.7 |
) |
|
|
112.1 |
|
|
|
17.1 |
|
|
|
129.2 |
|
|
|
170.7 |
|
|
|
(79.9 |
) |
|
|
90.8 |
|
|
|
12.9 |
|
|
|
103.7 |
|
|
|
24.6 |
% |
China |
|
|
50.3 |
|
|
|
(4.8 |
) |
|
|
45.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45.5 |
|
|
|
44.9 |
|
|
|
(3.7 |
) |
|
|
41.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
41.2 |
|
|
|
10.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide |
|
$ |
947.3 |
|
|
$ |
(432.3 |
) |
|
$ |
515.0 |
|
|
$ |
85.2 |
|
|
$ |
600.2 |
|
|
$ |
963.2 |
|
|
$ |
(445.3 |
) |
|
$ |
517.9 |
|
|
$ |
84.3 |
|
|
$ |
602.2 |
|
|
|
(0.3 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail |
|
|
Distributor |
|
|
Product |
|
|
& Freight |
|
|
Net |
|
|
Retail |
|
|
Distributor |
|
|
Product |
|
|
& Freight |
|
|
Net |
|
|
Change in |
|
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Allowance |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Allowance |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Net Sales |
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions) |
|
North America |
|
$ |
643.0 |
|
|
$ |
(307.3 |
) |
|
$ |
335.7 |
|
|
$ |
66.6 |
|
|
$ |
402.3 |
|
|
$ |
621.8 |
|
|
$ |
(296.6 |
) |
|
$ |
325.2 |
|
|
$ |
62.5 |
|
|
$ |
387.7 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
% |
Mexico |
|
|
319.7 |
|
|
|
(155.8 |
) |
|
|
163.9 |
|
|
|
30.0 |
|
|
|
193.9 |
|
|
|
478.3 |
|
|
|
(233.1 |
) |
|
|
245.2 |
|
|
|
42.8 |
|
|
|
288.0 |
|
|
|
(32.7 |
)% |
South & Central America |
|
|
418.4 |
|
|
|
(201.6 |
) |
|
|
216.8 |
|
|
|
36.9 |
|
|
|
253.7 |
|
|
|
516.5 |
|
|
|
(257.5 |
) |
|
|
259.0 |
|
|
|
40.0 |
|
|
|
299.0 |
|
|
|
(15.2 |
)% |
EMEA |
|
|
603.0 |
|
|
|
(290.7 |
) |
|
|
312.3 |
|
|
|
60.9 |
|
|
|
373.2 |
|
|
|
735.9 |
|
|
|
(355.7 |
) |
|
|
380.2 |
|
|
|
73.1 |
|
|
|
453.3 |
|
|
|
(17.7 |
)% |
Asia Pacific |
|
|
584.5 |
|
|
|
(273.3 |
) |
|
|
311.2 |
|
|
|
46.5 |
|
|
|
357.7 |
|
|
|
517.6 |
|
|
|
(242.4 |
) |
|
|
275.2 |
|
|
|
38.6 |
|
|
|
313.8 |
|
|
|
14.0 |
% |
China |
|
|
123.9 |
|
|
|
(11.0 |
) |
|
|
112.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
112.9 |
|
|
|
115.5 |
|
|
|
(11.0 |
) |
|
|
104.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
104.5 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide |
|
$ |
2,692.5 |
|
|
$ |
(1,239.7 |
) |
|
$ |
1,452.8 |
|
|
$ |
240.9 |
|
|
$ |
1,693.7 |
|
|
$ |
2,985.6 |
|
|
$ |
(1,396.3 |
) |
|
$ |
1,589.3 |
|
|
$ |
257.0 |
|
|
$ |
1,846.3 |
|
|
|
(8.3 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in net sales are directly associated with the recruiting and retention of our
distributor force, retailing of our products, the quality and completeness of our product offerings
that the distributor force has to sell and the number of countries in which we operate.
Managements role, both in-country and at the region and corporate level is to provide distributors
with a competitive and broad product line, encourage strong teamwork and leadership among the
Chairmans Club and Presidents Team distributors and offer leading edge business tools to make
doing business with Herbalife simple. Management uses the distributor marketing program coupled
with educational and motivational tools and promotions to incentivize distributors to increase
recruiting, retention and retailing, which in turn affect net sales. Such tools include Company
sponsored sales events such as Extravaganzas, Leadership Development Weekends and World Team
Schools where large groups of distributors gather, thus allowing them to network with other
distributors, learn recruiting, retention and retailing techniques from our leading distributors
and become more familiar with how to market and sell our products and business opportunities.
Accordingly, management believes that these development and motivation programs increase the
productivity of the supervisor network. The expenses for such programs are included in selling,
general and administrative expenses. Sales are driven by several factors, including the number and
productivity of distributors and sales leaders who continually build, educate and motivate their
respective distribution and sales organizations. We also use event and non-event product promotions
to motivate distributors to increase recruiting, retention and retailing activities. These
promotions have prizes ranging from qualifying for events to product prizes and vacations. The
costs of these promotions are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.
The factors described above have helped distributors increase their business, which in turn
helps drive volume points in our business, and thus, net sales. The discussion below of net sales
by geographic region further details some of the specific drivers of growth of our business and
causes of sales reductions during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, as well as
the unique growth or contraction factors specific to certain geographic regions or major countries.
We believe that the correct business foundation, coupled with ongoing training and promotional
initiatives, is required to increase recruiting and retention of distributors and retailing of our
products. The correct business foundation includes strong country management that works closely
with the distributor leadership, actively engaged and unified distributor leadership, a broad
product line that appeals to local consumer needs, a favorable regulatory environment, a scalable
and stable technology platform and an attractive distributor marketing plan. Initiatives, such as
Success Training Seminars, Leadership Development Weekends, Promotional Events and regional
Extravaganzas are integral components of developing a highly motivated and educated distributor
sales organization that will work toward increasing the recruitment and retention of distributors.
We anticipate that our strategy will continue to include creating and maintaining growth
within existing markets, while expanding into new markets. In addition, new ideas and Daily Method
of Operations, or DMOs, are being generated in many of our regional markets and are globalized
where applicable, through the combined efforts of distributors, country management or regional and
corporate management. Examples of DMOs include the Club concept in Mexico, Premium Herbalife
Opportunity Meetings in Korea,
the Healthy Breakfast concept in Russia, and the Internet/Sampling and Weight Loss Challenge
in the U.S. Managements strategy is to review the applicability of expanding successful country
initiatives throughout a region, and where appropriate, financially support the globalization of
these initiatives.
21
North America
The North America region reported net sales of $140.9 million and $402.3 million for the three
and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. Net sales increased $5.0 million, or 3.7%,
and $14.6 million, or 3.8%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively,
as compared to the same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales increased 3.8% and 4.2% for
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods
in 2008. The overall increase in the region was a result of net sales growth in the U.S. of $5.8
million, or 4.5%, and $17.4 million, or 4.7%, for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008.
We continue to see the success of our distributors converting their business focus toward a
daily consumption business model, especially the Nutrition Club DMO, and its extension into
Commercial Clubs and Central Clubs, along with the continued development of the Weight Loss
Challenge DMO. We also implemented a 5% price increase in the U.S. in February 2009. In terms of
volume, the mix of business in the U.S. was 68.6% in the Latin market and 31.4% in the General
market for the three months ended September 30, 2009, and 66.9% and 33.1%, respectively, for the
nine months ended September 30, 2009.
In July 2009, the region hosted a series of Leadership Development Weekends, or LDWs which
focus on providing detailed training to qualifying supervisors. These LDWs were held in twelve
cities in the U.S., three in Canada, and one in Jamaica. In total, over 11,000 supervisors attended
the LDW events.
In September 2009, the U.S. Latin market hosted a Recruiting tour, Gira de Regalia, in eight
cities . In total, over 1,300 leaders attended the tour.
New supervisors in the region decreased 9.8% and 14.1% for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. Total supervisors in the
region decreased 4.5% as of September 30, 2009 compared to prior year. New supervisors in the U.S.
decreased 9.3% and 13.8% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as
compared to the same periods in 2008.
We believe the fiscal year 2009 net sales in North America should increase year over year
primarily as a result of the successful transformation of our distributor business focus to a daily
consumption model as well as a 5% price increase which was instituted in the U.S. during February
2009.
Mexico
Net sales in Mexico were $68.3 million and $193.9 million for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively. Net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009,
decreased $23.3 million, or 25.4%, and $94.1 million, or 32.7%, respectively, as compared to the
same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales for the three and nine months ended September
30, 2009 decreased by 4.2% and 12.7%, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. The
fluctuation of foreign currency rates had an unfavorable impact of $19.5 million and $57.4 million
on net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.
During the third quarter of 2008 we began collecting a VAT from our distributors that has been
levied by the Mexican government on the import and resale of certain nutrition products.
Distributors previously paid 0% VAT on purchases of most of our nutrition products. For both the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, this VAT increase affected approximately 60% of our
sales volume in the region and because Nutrition Clubs are the predominant DMO in Mexico, and are
retail price-sensitive, the VAT increase has caused our volumes to decline. The VAT increase has
continued to impact our local currency sales, however, the third quarter 2009 year-over-year rate
of decline in local currency slowed sharply compared to the first and the second quarters
year-over-year rate of decline. In October 2009, we introduced several re-formulated nutrition
products which are not subject to the VAT charge. Given that these re-formulated products can now
be sold in Mexico without the VAT charge, we will be monitoring sales to see if this creates a
positive boost for our Nutrition Club business.
New supervisors in Mexico decreased 1.8% and 23.0% for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. Total supervisors in
Mexico decreased 16.0% as of September 30, 2009 compared to prior
year.
22
In September 2009, Mexico hosted an Extravaganza with over 14,600 attendees.
We believe the fiscal year 2009 net sales in Mexico should decrease year over year reflecting
lower volumes due to the VAT charge coupled with assumed unfavorable currency fluctuations.
South and Central America
The South and Central America region reported net sales of $93.0 million and $253.7 million
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. Net sales decreased $1.4
million or 1.5%, and $45.3 million or 15.2%, for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales increased
5.7% and decreased 4.8% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively as
compared to the same periods in 2008. The fluctuation of foreign currency rates had a $6.7 million
and $31.0 million unfavorable impact on net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2009, respectively. The increase in local currency net sales in the region for the three month
period ending September 30, 2009 was attributable to sales growth in several key markets including
Brazil, Venezuela, and Colombia as well as sales in Ecuador which was opened in the fourth quarter
of 2008. Offsetting these increases were sales declines in Peru, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and
the Central American markets.
In Brazil, the regions largest market, net sales increased $1.5 million, or 3.5%, and
decreased $3.2 million, or 2.8%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009,
respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales increased 16.2%
and 19.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the
same periods in 2008. The increase in local currency net sales was primarily a result of
distributors successfully transforming this market into a more balanced mix of recruiting,
retailing and retention via the Club and other daily consumption based DMOs. The fluctuation of
foreign currency rates had a $5.5 million and $25.6 million unfavorable impact on net sales for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.
Venezuela, the regions second largest market, experienced a net sales increase of $6.0
million, or 38.1%, and a decline of $5.5 million, or 8.4%, for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. The increase in sales
for the three months period ending September 30, 2009 compared to 2008 primarily reflected lower
sales in the prior year due to the cumulative effect from price increases of 20% and 25% in January
and May 2008, respectively. In October 2008, we instituted changes in non-resident distributor
compensation to address currency controls imposed by the Venezuelan government. Also, in June 2009
we instituted a 10% price increase along with further changes in non-resident distributor
compensation to adjust for inflation and currency issues. Sales increased sequentially from the
second to the third quarter of 2009 by 4.5%. We expect to make ongoing changes, as necessary, in
pricing in Venezuela to mitigate the impact of inflation and currency restrictions.
New supervisors in the region decreased 40.7% and 39.4% for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. The decrease was driven
by several markets including Argentina which decreased 68.7% and 77.9% for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008; Peru, which
decreased 64.8% and 62.1%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as
compared to the same periods in 2008; and Bolivia, which decreased 74.7% and 67.5%, for the three
and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008.
Total supervisors in the region decreased 11.8% as of September 30, 2009 compared to prior year. We
believe these decreases reflect current economic conditions coupled with the transition, in several
markets, to DMOs which focus on daily consumption.
We believe the fiscal year 2009 net sales in South and Central America should show a decline
year over year primarily due to challenging volume comparisons in Venezuela, Argentina and Peru and
assumed unfavorable currency fluctuations partially offset by the success of daily consumption
DMOs, primarily in Brazil, as well as product price increases.
EMEA
The EMEA region reported net sales of $123.3 million and $373.2 million for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. Net sales decreased $12.1 million, or 8.9%, and
$80.1 million, or 17.7%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as
compared to the same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales decreased 1.2% and 5.1% for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in
2008. The fluctuation of foreign currency rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of $10.4
million and $57.0 million, for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively.
23
Among the largest markets in the region, Italy, France and Spain, net sales increased 5.6%,
and decreased 25.6% and 13.6%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2009, as
compared to the same period in 2008. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, Italy, France
and Spain net sales decreased 1.4%, 26.4% and 37.2%, respectively, as compared to the same period
in 2008. In local currency, Italy reported a net sales increase of 11.2% while France and Spain
reported net sales decreases of 22.1% and 9.0%, respectively, for the three months ended September
30, 2009, as compared to the same period in 2008. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, in
local currency, Italy reported a net sales increase of 10.0% while France and Spain reported net
sales decreases of 17.8% and 30.1%, as compared to the same period in 2008.
In Spain, we are beginning to see a lessening impact from the negative media reports in April
2008 relating to the Spanish Ministry of Health alert regarding Herbalife products. This alert was
withdrawn in April 2009 requiring no action by the Company. In Russia, net sales decreased by 16.0%
and 18.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the
same periods in 2008. In local currency, however, net sales increased by 8.4% and 11.2% for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in
2008. The increase in local currency net sales was primarily driven by the adoption of the Office
Club concept where all DMOs are carried out from a combined Office and Commercial Nutrition Club
location. Another positive catalyst was a new supervisor qualification method, which was tested in
Russia and is being rolled out globally in October 2009. Net sales in the Netherlands decreased
5.2% and 11.5% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to
the same periods in 2008. In local currency, however, net sales decreased only 0.5% and 1.4% for
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, compared to the prior year
periods reflecting a re-activated distributor base that is utilizing the Wellness Evaluation and
Healthy Breakfast DMOs. Portugal local currency net sales declined 31.6% and 46.1% for the three
and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as it continues to transition towards a
daily consumption model.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, new supervisors for the region
decreased 13.7% and 18.7%, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2009, the most
significant decreases occurred in Russia, Portugal, France, and the Commonwealth Independent States
of Russia, or CIS countries, of 29.8%, 44.8%, 49.7% and 38.8%, respectively. These declines were
partially offset by increases in Italy, Czech Republic, and Turkey where new supervisors increased
12.7%, 95.1%, and 43.6%, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the most
significant decreases in new supervisors occurred in Spain, Portugal, and the CIS countries of
55.3%, 70.0% and 42.2%, respectively. These declines were partially offset by increases in Italy,
Czech Republic, and Turkey, where new supervisors increased 12.7%, 76.8% and 20.7%, respectively.
Total supervisors in the region decreased 11.5% as of September 30, 2009 compared to the prior
year.
In July, EMEA held 3 regional Extravaganzas in Russia, Italy, and Czech Republic with
approximate attendance of 2,400, 7,600, and 7,800, respectively.
We believe fiscal year 2009 net sales in EMEA should show a decrease year over year due
primarily to assumed unfavorable currency fluctuations and soft volume point trends.
Asia Pacific
The Asia Pacific region, which excludes China, reported net sales of $129.2 million and $357.7
million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. Net sales increased
$25.5 million, or 24.6%, and $43.9 million, or 14.0%, for the three and nine months ended September
30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales
increased 34.6% and 29.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as
compared to the same periods in 2008. The fluctuation of foreign currency rates had an unfavorable
impact of $10.4 million and $47.4 million on net sales for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively. The increase in net sales in Asia Pacific for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2009, was primarily attributable to net sales increases in three of our
largest markets in the region, Taiwan, South Korea and Malaysia, partially offset by a decrease in
Japan.
Net sales in Taiwan, our largest market in the region, increased $8.9 million, or 27.6%, and
$24.6 million, or 25.8%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as
compared to the same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales increased 33.9% and 35.2% for
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods
in 2008. Adoption of the Nutrition Club DMO, in the form of Commercial Clubs, continues to be a
positive catalyst for growth in this country. The fluctuation of foreign currency rates had an
unfavorable impact on net sales of $2.0 million and $9.0 million for the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008.
24
Net sales in South Korea, our second largest market in the region, increased $12.6 million, or
60.3%, and $17.9 million, or 31.3%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009,
respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales increased 86.7%
and 66.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the
same periods in 2008. The increase in local currency net sales for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009 was primarily driven by the adoption of the Nutrition Club DMO, in the form of
Commercial Clubs along with the Premium Herbalife Opportunity Meeting. The fluctuation of foreign
currency rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of $5.5 million and $20.3 million for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in
2008.
Net sales in Malaysia, our third largest market in the region, increased $1.3 million, or
12.1%, and $8.7 million or 29.5%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009,
respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008, reflecting the continued success of the Road
Show DMO, which has generated positive distributor momentum and increased recruiting. In local
currency, net sales increased 18.3% and 42.3% for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. The fluctuation of foreign currency
rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of $0.7 million and $3.8 million for the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008.
Net sales in Japan, our fourth largest market in the region, decreased $1.2 million, or 8.9%,
and $13.5 million, or 25.9%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively,
as compared to the same periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales decreased 3.9% and 17.4% for
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods
in 2008. The decrease in local currency net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2009, was driven by a continuing decline in distributor recruiting. The fluctuation of foreign
currency rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of $0.7 million and $4.4 million for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in
2008.
Net sales in India increased $3.6 million, or 108.1%, and $8.1 million, or 86.0%, for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in
2008. In local currency, net sales increased 130.3% and 117.6% for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. The increase in local
currency net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, was driven by the
adoption of the Nutrition Club DMO. The number of clubs at September 30, 2009 was 441 compared to
330 and 142 at June 30, 2009 and March 31, 2009, respectively. The fluctuation of foreign
currency rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of $0.7 million and $3.0 million for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in
2008.
In September, Taiwan hosted an Asia-Pacific regional University with attendance of
approximately 11,000 distributors.
New supervisors in the region increased 25.9% and 21.2% for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. New supervisors for
India, Korea and Taiwan increased 124.0%, 70.6% and 18.4%, respectively, for the three months ended
September 30, 2009, and increased 112.8%, 57.9% and 17.7%, respectively, for the nine months ended
September 30, 2009. These increases were offset by declines in Japan and Philippines of 29.9% and
30.0%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and declines in Japan and
Australia of 61.5% and 31.5%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. Total
supervisors in the region increased 11.2% as of September 30, 2009 compared to prior year.
We believe the fiscal year 2009 net sales in Asia Pacific should increase year over year as
projected volume increases, including the anticipated opening of our operations in Vietnam during
the fourth quarter of 2009, which will be partially offset by assumed unfavorable foreign currency
fluctuations.
China
Net sales in China were $45.5 million and $112.9 million for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively. Net sales increased $4.3 million, or 10.4%, and $8.4 million, or
8.0%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, compared to the same
periods in 2008. In local currency, net sales increased 10.3% and 6.1% for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. The
fluctuation of foreign currency rates had a favorable impact of $0.1 million and $2.0 million on
net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.
The current focus in China is to expand the Nutrition Club DMO to enhance the retail focus and
thereby increase the emphasis on daily consumption methods of operation. As experienced in other
markets, such as Taiwan, which have gone through a similar transition, China has been experiencing
a slow-down in sales growth as service providers begin to build their nutrition club business. We
believe that the nutrition club concept is starting to gain traction as witnessed by the growth in
clubs in just the first half of this year. While we believe the nutrition club DMO has tremendous
potential to expand throughout China and achieve success similar to
Taiwan and South Korea, we also realize that the process is still in its early development
stage and will most likely build gradually over the next few years.
25
In early July 2009, Chinas Ministry of Commerce granted five additional licenses for us to
conduct direct-selling business in the provinces of Fujian, ShanXi, Sichuan, Hubei, and Shanghai.
All licenses became effective immediately, except Shanghai, which will be activated after we open
our service outlets. Additionally, our license for Beijing, which was granted in July 2008 with the
same condition as noted above for Shanghai, is now active. We received our first direct-selling
license in China in March 2007 for the cities of Suzhou and Nanjing in the Jiangsu province. An
additional license was granted in July of the same year to conduct business throughout the entire
Jiangsu province. In July 2008, we received five additional licenses for the provinces of Beijing,
Guangdong, Shandong, Zhejiang and Guizhou. The 11 provinces in which we now have direct-selling
licenses represent an addressable population of approximately 599 million. As of September 30,
2009, we are operating 77 retail stores in 30 provinces in China.
New sales employees in China decreased 11.0% and 9.9% for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2008. Total sales employees in
China increased 6.3% as of September 30, 2009 compared to prior year.
We believe the fiscal year 2009 net sales in China should increase year over year, primarily
as a result of improved store productivity and continued expansion of nutrition clubs. We also
expect to apply for additional direct selling provincial licenses during the fourth quarter of
2009.
Sales by Product Category
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|
Three Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
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|
Handling |
|
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|
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|
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Handling |
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Retail |
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Distributor |
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|
Product |
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& Freight |
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Net |
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|
Retail |
|
|
Distributor |
|
|
Product |
|
|
& Freight |
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Net |
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|
% Change in |
|
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Allowance |
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|
Sales |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Sales |
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|
Sales |
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|
Allowance |
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|
Sales |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Net Sales |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Weight Management |
|
$ |
620.2 |
|
|
$ |
(293.9 |
) |
|
$ |
326.3 |
|
|
$ |
55.9 |
|
|
$ |
382.2 |
|
|
$ |
625.3 |
|
|
$ |
(300.9 |
) |
|
$ |
324.4 |
|
|
$ |
54.8 |
|
|
$ |
379.2 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
% |
Targeted Nutrition |
|
|
205.1 |
|
|
|
(97.2 |
) |
|
|
107.9 |
|
|
|
18.3 |
|
|
|
126.2 |
|
|
|
205.9 |
|
|
|
(99.1 |
) |
|
|
106.8 |
|
|
|
17.9 |
|
|
|
124.7 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
% |
Energy, Sports and Fitness |
|
|
42.6 |
|
|
|
(20.2 |
) |
|
|
22.4 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
26.2 |
|
|
|
45.5 |
|
|
|
(21.9 |
) |
|
|
23.6 |
|
|
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
27.6 |
|
|
|
(5.1 |
)% |
Outer Nutrition |
|
|
48.6 |
|
|
|
(23.0 |
) |
|
|
25.6 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
|
30.0 |
|
|
|
57.2 |
|
|
|
(27.5 |
) |
|
|
29.7 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
|
34.7 |
|
|
|
(13.5 |
)% |
Literature, Promotional and Other |
|
|
30.8 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
32.8 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
35.6 |
|
|
|
29.3 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
|
33.4 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
36.0 |
|
|
|
(1.1 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
947.3 |
|
|
$ |
(432.3 |
) |
|
$ |
515.0 |
|
|
$ |
85.2 |
|
|
$ |
600.2 |
|
|
$ |
963.2 |
|
|
$ |
(445.3 |
) |
|
$ |
517.9 |
|
|
$ |
84.3 |
|
|
$ |
602.2 |
|
|
|
(0.3 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail |
|
|
Distributor |
|
|
Product |
|
|
& Freight |
|
|
Net |
|
|
Retail |
|
|
Distributor |
|
|
Product |
|
|
& Freight |
|
|
Net |
|
|
% Change in |
|
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Allowance |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Allowance |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Sales |
|
|
Net Sales |
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
Weight Management |
|
$ |
1,755.9 |
|
|
$ |
(837.9 |
) |
|
$ |
918.0 |
|
|
$ |
157.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,075.2 |
|
|
$ |
1,940.7 |
|
|
$ |
(942.6 |
) |
|
$ |
998.1 |
|
|
$ |
167.1 |
|
|
$ |
1,165.2 |
|
|
|
(7.7 |
)% |
Targeted Nutrition |
|
|
583.4 |
|
|
|
(278.4 |
) |
|
|
305.0 |
|
|
|
52.1 |
|
|
|
357.1 |
|
|
|
634.5 |
|
|
|
(308.2 |
) |
|
|
326.3 |
|
|
|
54.5 |
|
|
|
380.8 |
|
|
|
(6.2 |
)% |
Energy, Sports and Fitness |
|
|
117.3 |
|
|
|
(56.0 |
) |
|
|
61.3 |
|
|
|
10.5 |
|
|
|
71.8 |
|
|
|
130.0 |
|
|
|
(63.1 |
) |
|
|
66.9 |
|
|
|
11.2 |
|
|
|
78.1 |
|
|
|
(8.1 |
)% |
Outer Nutrition |
|
|
153.2 |
|
|
|
(73.1 |
) |
|
|
80.1 |
|
|
|
13.7 |
|
|
|
93.8 |
|
|
|
190.2 |
|
|
|
(92.4 |
) |
|
|
97.8 |
|
|
|
16.4 |
|
|
|
114.2 |
|
|
|
(17.9 |
)% |
Literature, Promotional and Other |
|
|
82.7 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
|
|
|
88.4 |
|
|
|
7.4 |
|
|
|
95.8 |
|
|
|
90.2 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
100.2 |
|
|
|
7.8 |
|
|
|
108.0 |
|
|
|
(11.3 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
2,692.5 |
|
|
$ |
(1,239.7 |
) |
|
$ |
1,452.8 |
|
|
$ |
240.9 |
|
|
$ |
1,693.7 |
|
|
$ |
2,985.6 |
|
|
$ |
(1,396.3 |
) |
|
$ |
1,589.3 |
|
|
$ |
257.0 |
|
|
$ |
1,846.3 |
|
|
|
(8.3 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales for Weight Management and Targeted Nutrition products were relatively flat and other
product categories decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2009 while all product
categories decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, as compared to the same periods
in 2008, mainly due to the factors described in the discussions of the individual geographic
regions above.
Gross Profit
Gross profit was $468.4 million and $1,337.1 million for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to $485.6 million and $1,484.0 million for the same
periods in 2008. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009 decreased to 78.0% and 78.9%, respectively, as compared to 80.6% and 80.4% for
the same periods in 2008. The decrease was primarily due to the unfavorable impact from currency
fluctuations, changes in country mix, and the unfavorable impact during the third
quarter of 2009 to recognize the incremental U.S. dollar cost of importing finished goods into
Venezuela of $6.2 million at the unfavorable currency rate in place in the parallel market rather than the official
currency exchange rate. Unless the official currency exchange rate in Venezuela becomes readily
available, we expect to continue to incur similar incremental expenses in future periods as we
continue to import finished goods into Venezuela. We believe that we have the ability to mitigate
some of these cost pressures through improved optimization of our supply chain coupled with select
increases in the retail prices of our products.
26
Royalty Overrides
Royalty overrides as a percentage of net sales was 32.4% and 32.9% for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to 33.3% and 34.0% for the same periods
in 2008. The decrease for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, was primarily due to
changes in country mix and the increase in net sales in China where compensation to our full-time
employee sales representatives is included in selling, general and administrative expenses as
opposed to royalty overrides where it is included for all other distributors under our worldwide
marketing plan. Generally, this ratio varies slightly from period to period due to changes in the
mix of products and countries because full royalty overrides are not paid on certain products and
in certain countries. We anticipate fluctuations in royalty overrides as a percent of net sales
reflecting the growth prospect of our China business relative to that of our worldwide business.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales was 32.6% and 33.5%
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, as compared to 32.6% and 31.7% for the same
periods in 2008.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, selling, general and administrative
expenses decreased $0.8 million and $16.1 million to $196.0 million and $568.2 million,
respectively, compared to the same periods in 2008. The decrease for the three months ended
September 30, 2009 included $4.5 million in lower professional fees; $1.1 million in lower bad debt
expense; $1.1 million lower foreign exchange losses and $1.0 million in lower occupancy costs.
These decreases were partially offset by $3.6 million in higher salaries and benefits related to
China sales employees and $3.4 million in higher depreciation and amortization expenses, related
mostly to the development of our technology infrastructure and the expansion and relocation of
certain operations to new facilities. The decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2009
included $6.5 million in lower professional fees; $5.5 million in lower distributor sales events
costs due to timing and location; $4.1 million in lower non-income tax expenses; $2.5 million in
lower travel and entertainment expenses; $2.0 million in lower bad debt expense and $1.5 million in
lower occupancy costs. These were partially offset by $10.9 million in higher depreciation and
amortization expenses, related to development of technology infrastructure and relocation of
certain operations, as noted above.
We expect 2009 selling, general and administrative expenses to increase slightly in absolute
dollars over 2008 levels reflecting higher China sales employee costs, increased depreciation,
primarily related to our global Oracle implementation, and various sales growth initiatives,
including distributor promotions. As a result of these factors, selling, general and administrative
expenses as a percentage of net sales is expected to be above 2008 levels. Excluding China sales
employee costs, we also expect selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net
sales to be higher than 2008 levels primarily due to unfavorable foreign currency fluctuations.
Net Interest Expense
Net interest expense is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
Net Interest Expense |
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions) |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
|
|
7.8 |
|
|
|
15.3 |
|
Interest income |
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
|
|
(1.5 |
) |
|
|
(3.7 |
) |
|
|
(4.9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest expense |
|
$ |
1.0 |
|
|
$ |
3.4 |
|
|
$ |
4.1 |
|
|
$ |
10.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The decrease in interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 as
compared to the same periods in 2008 was primarily due to lower interest rates in 2009 as compared
to 2008. See Liquidity and Capital Resources below for further discussion on our senior secured
credit facility.
Income Taxes
Income taxes were $18.9 million and $60.2 million for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2009, as compared to $27.0 million and $73.5 million for the same period in 2008. As
a percentage of pre-tax income, the effective income tax rate was 24.6% and 28.9% for the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2009, as compared to 31.7% and 28.2% for the same periods in 2008.
The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, as
compared to the same period
in 2008, was primarily due a change in the operating effective rate reflecting changes in the
country mix and a non-cash benefit of $4.9 million due to the expiration of certain statute of
limitations.
27
Restructuring Costs
As part of our restructuring initiatives, we recorded $0.7 million and $0.1 million of
professional fees, severance and related costs for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and
2008, respectively. We recorded $1.5 million and $1.9 million of professional fees, severance and
related costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. All such amounts
were included in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Subsequent Event
Due to the current restrictions in obtaining U.S. dollars at the official currency
exchange rate and in order to mitigate our currency exchange risk in Venezuela, we intend
to exchange approximately 100 million bolivars of Herbalife Venezuelas cash and cash equivalents
through a legal parallel market exchange process during the fourth quarter of 2009. In October
2009, Herbalife Venezuela exchanged 66 million bolivars for $13 million at an average currency exchange rate of 5.3 Venezuelan bolivars per U.S. dollar through a legal parallel market
exchange process. These 66 million bolivars were previously
translated at the official currency exchange rate and were reported
as $31 million in our consolidated balance sheet at
September 30, 2009. In October 2009, Herbalife Venezuela began to repatriate exchanged U.S. dollars to settle
certain of its intercompany payable balances, and any corresponding charges would be recorded in
the fourth quarter of 2009 and in 2010.
On October 29, 2009, our board of directors authorized a $0.20 per common share cash dividend
for the third quarter of 2009, payable on December 9, 2009 to shareholders of record on November
25, 2009.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have historically met our working capital and capital expenditure requirements, including
funding for expansion of operations, through net cash flows provided by operating activities. Our
principal source of liquidity is our operating cash flows. Variations in sales of our products
would directly affect the availability of funds. There are no material restrictions on the ability
to transfer and remit funds among our international affiliated companies. We are closely monitoring
various aspects of the current worldwide financial crisis and we do not believe that there has been
or will be a material impact on our liquidity from this crisis. As noted above, we have
historically met our funding needs utilizing cash flow from operating activities and we believe we
will have sufficient resources to meet debt service obligations in a timely manner. Our existing
debt has not resulted from the need to fund our normal operations, but instead has effectively
resulted from our share repurchase and dividend activities over the recent years, which together,
since the inception of the original share repurchase and dividend program that was first initiated
during 2007, amounted to approximately $665.0 million, therefore limiting the impact that the
current worldwide credit crisis has on us. While a significant net sales decline could potentially
affect the availability of funds, many of our largest expenses are purely variable in nature, which
could protect our funding in all but a dramatic net sales downturn. Further we maintain a revolving
credit facility which had $100.0 million of undrawn capacity as of September 30, 2009, and is
comprised of banks who are continuing to support the facility through the recent worldwide
financial crisis.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we generated $227.3 million of operating cash
flow, as compared to $201.6 million for the same period in 2008. The increase in cash generated
from operations was primarily due to the increase in non-cash items included in net income for the
nine months ended September 30, 2009, as compared to the same period in 2008, and the favorable
change in operating assets and liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared
to the same period in 2008. This was partially offset by lower operating income for the nine months
ended September 30, 2009, compared to the same period in 2008.
Capital expenditures, including capital leases, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009,
were $42.1 million as compared to $82.4 million for the same period in 2008. The majority of these
expenditures represented investments in management information systems, primarily the global
roll-out of Oracle, the development of our distributor internet initiatives, and the expansion of
our facilities domestically and internationally. The decrease from 2008 primarily reflects less
Oracle spending in 2009 as the roll-out project was completed during the third quarter of 2009. We
expect to incur total capital expenditures of approximately $65.0 million for the full year of
2009.
28
We entered into a $300.0 million senior secured credit facility, comprised of a $200.0 million
term loan and a revolving credit facility of $100.0 million, with a syndicate of financial
institutions as lenders in July 2006. In September 2007, we amended our senior secured credit
facility, increasing the revolving credit facility by $150.0 million to $250.0 million to fund the
increase in our share repurchase program discussed below. The term loan matures on July 21, 2013
and the revolving credit facility is available until July
21, 2012. The term loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.5%, or the base rate, which
represents the prime rate offered by major U.S. banks, plus a margin of 0.50%. The revolving credit
facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.25%, or the base rate, which represents the
prime rate offered by major U.S. banks, plus a margin of 0.25%. The senior secured credit facility
requires us to comply with a leverage ratio and an interest coverage ratio. In addition, the senior
secured credit facility contains customary covenants, including covenants that limit or restrict
our ability to incur liens, incur indebtedness, make investments, dispose of assets, make certain
restricted payments, merge or consolidate and enter into certain transactions with affiliates.
During the first quarter of 2009, we borrowed an additional $19.0 million under the revolving
credit facility and paid $14.7 million of the revolving credit facility. During the second quarter
of 2009, we borrowed an additional $40.0 million under the revolving credit facility and paid $70.0
million of the revolving credit facility. During the third quarter of 2009, we borrowed an
additional $80.0 million under the revolving credit facility and paid $82.0 million of the
revolving credit facility.
The following summarizes our contractual obligations including interest at September 30, 2009,
and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future
periods:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments Due by Period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2014 & |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2012 |
|
|
2013 |
|
|
Thereafter |
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions) |
|
Borrowings under the senior credit facility |
|
$ |
311.7 |
|
|
$ |
1.6 |
|
|
$ |
6.3 |
|
|
$ |
6.3 |
|
|
$ |
155.3 |
|
|
$ |
142.2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Capital leases |
|
|
5.4 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases |
|
|
139.6 |
|
|
|
9.1 |
|
|
|
31.1 |
|
|
|
22.5 |
|
|
|
18.5 |
|
|
|
15.7 |
|
|
|
42.7 |
|
Other |
|
|
21.5 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
15.6 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
478.2 |
|
|
$ |
11.8 |
|
|
$ |
54.8 |
|
|
$ |
36.2 |
|
|
$ |
174.8 |
|
|
$ |
157.9 |
|
|
$ |
42.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
At September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements
as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.
Share Repurchases
On April 17, 2009, our share repurchase program adopted on April 18, 2007 expired pursuant to
its terms. On April 30, 2009, our board of directors authorized a new program for us to repurchase
up to $300 million of our common shares during the next two years, at such times and prices as
determined by management. During the quarter ended September 30, 2009, we repurchased 1.0 million
of our common shares through open market purchases at an aggregate cost of approximately $32.5
million or an average cost of $32.49 per share. As of September 30, 2009, the approximate dollar
value of shares that could be purchased under our share repurchase program was approximately $267.5
million.
Dividends
During the second quarter of 2007, our board of directors adopted a regular quarterly cash
dividend program. On February 20, 2009, our board of directors approved a quarterly cash dividend
of $0.20 per common share in an aggregate amount of $12.3 million, for the fourth quarter of 2008
that was paid to shareholders on March 17, 2009. On April 30, 2009, our board of directors approved
a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 per common share in an aggregate amount of $12.3 million, for
the first quarter of 2009 that was paid to shareholders on June 5, 2009. On August 3, 2009, our
board of directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 per common share in an aggregate
amount of $12.1 million, for the second quarter of 2009 that was paid to shareholders on September
10, 2009.
Working Capital and Operating Activities
As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had positive working capital of $133.2
million and $82.9 million, respectively. Cash and cash equivalents were $215.4 million at September
30, 2009, compared to $150.8 million at December 31, 2008.
We expect that cash and funds provided from operations and available borrowings under our
revolving credit facility will provide sufficient working capital to operate our business, to make
expected capital expenditures and to meet foreseeable liquidity requirements, including debt
service on our term loan.
29
The majority of our purchases from suppliers are generally made in U.S. dollars, while sales
to our distributors generally are made in local currencies. Consequently, strengthening of the U.S.
dollar versus a foreign currency can have a negative impact on net sales and operating margins and
can generate transaction losses on intercompany transactions. For discussion of our foreign
exchange contracts and other hedging arrangements, see Part I, Item 3 Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Currency restrictions enacted by the Venezuelan government in 2003 have become more
restrictive and have impacted the ability of our subsidiary in Venezuela, Herbalife Venezuela, to
obtain U.S. dollars at the official foreign exchange rate. Unless official foreign exchange is made
more readily available, the results of Herbalife Venezuelas operations could be negatively
impacted as it may obtain more U.S. dollars from alternative sources where the exchange rate is
weaker than the official rate.
At September 30, 2009, Herbalife Venezuela had cash balances of approximately $57.8 million,
primarily denominated in bolivars, translated at the official exchange rate. We continue to
evaluate the political and economic environment in Venezuela and any potential changes which may
affect our operations. We have made appropriate applications through the Venezuelan government and
its Foreign Exchange Commission, CADIVI, for approval to obtain U.S. dollars at the official
exchange rate to pay for imported product and to pay an annual dividend. The application and
approval processes have been intermittently delayed in recent periods, and the timing and ability
to obtain U.S. dollars at the official exchange rate remains uncertain. It is managements intent,
commencing in the fourth quarter of 2009, to begin repatriating excess cash on a regular basis. If
CADIVI does not approve further exchanges at the official exchange rate, Herbalife Venezuela could
use a legal parallel exchange process to repatriate U.S. dollars.
However, the parallel exchange rate was approximately 61% less favorable than the
official exchange rate as of September 30, 2009. This could result in our Company having fewer U.S.
dollars than currently reported as cash and cash equivalents and may result in a material charge to
operating profit. From time to time, we have recognized charges to operating income in connection
with the exchange of bolivars to U.S. dollars at rates, which were unfavorable to the official
exchange rate. Herbalife Venezuelas net sales represented less than 4% of consolidated worldwide
net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.
Inflation
in Venezuela has continued to increase over the past few years and it
is expected that Venezuela will be designated as a highly inflationary economy by January 1, 2010 based on the
historical and forecasted rates of inflation and absent any unexpected reversals in the inflation
trends. Using the blended National Consumer Price Index and Consumer Price Index rate for the
three-year period ending September 30, 2009, Venezuela would not be considered highly inflationary
as the current three-year cumulative inflation rate of approximately 97% is less than 100% as of
September 30, 2009. When an economy is determined to be highly
inflationary, ASC Topic 830, Foreign Currency Matters,
requires the financial statements of a foreign entity to be
remeasured as if the functional currency were the reporting currency.
Accordingly, gains and losses resulting from the translation of the financial statements
of subsidiaries operating in highly inflationary economies are recorded in earnings. If Venezuela
is designated as a highly inflationary economy or there is a devaluation of the official rate,
there could be a significant impact on our earnings.
Contingencies
We are from time to time engaged in routine litigation. We regularly review all pending
litigation matters in which we are involved and establish reserves deemed appropriate by management
for these litigation matters when a probable loss estimate can be made.
As a marketer of dietary and nutritional supplements and other products that are ingested by
consumers or applied to their bodies, we have been and are currently subjected to various product
liability claims. The effects of these claims to date have not been material to us, and the
reasonably possible range of exposure on currently existing claims is not material to us. We
believe that we have meritorious defenses to the allegations contained in the lawsuits. We
currently maintain product liability insurance with an annual deductible of $10 million.
On April 16, 2007, we filed a Complaint in the United States District Court for the Central
District of California against certain former distributors who had left us to join a competitor.
The Complaint alleged breach of contract, misappropriation of trade secrets, intentional
interference with prospective economic advantage, intentional interference with contract, unfair
competition, constructive trust and fraud and seeks monetary damages,
attorneys fees and injunctive relief. (Herbalife International of America,
Inc. v. Robert E. Ford, et al) The court entered a Preliminary Injunction against the defendants
enjoining them from further use and/or misappropriation of our trade secrets on December
11, 2007. Defendants appealed the courts entry of the Preliminary Injunction to the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. That court affirmed, in relevant part, the Preliminary Injunction.
On December 3, 2007 the defendants filed a counterclaim alleging that we had engaged in unfair and
deceptive business practices, intentional and negligent interference with prospective economic
advantage, false advertising and that the Company was an endless chain scheme in violation of
California law and seeking restitution, contract rescission and an
injunction. Both sides engaged in discovery and filed cross motions for Summary Judgment. On
August 25, 2009, the court granted partial summary judgment for us on all of defendants
claims except the claim that we are an endless chain scheme which under applicable law is a
question of fact that can only be determined at trial. The court denied defendants motion for
Summary Judgment on our
claims for misappropriation of trade secrets and breach of contract. No date has been set for
trial. We believe that there is merit to our claims for relief and
have meritorious defenses to the
remaining counterclaim.
30
Certain of our subsidiaries have been subject to tax audits by governmental authorities
in their respective countries. In certain of these tax audits, governmental authorities are
proposing that significant amounts of additional taxes and related interest and penalties are due.
We and our tax advisors believe that there are substantial defenses to their allegations that
additional taxes are owed, and we are vigorously contesting the additional proposed taxes and
related charges.
These matters may take several years to resolve, and we cannot be sure of their ultimate
resolution. However, it is the opinion of management that adverse outcomes, if any, will not likely
result in a material effect on our financial condition and operating results. This opinion is based
on our belief that any losses we suffer would not be material and that we have meritorious
defenses. Although we have reserved an amount that we believe represents the likely outcome of the
resolution of these disputes, if we are incorrect in our assessment, we may have to record
additional expenses.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which require
us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the year. Actual results could differ from those
estimates. We consider the following policies to be most critical in understanding the judgments
that are involved in preparing the financial statements and the uncertainties that could impact our
operating results, financial condition and cash flows.
We are a network marketing company that sells a wide range of weight management products,
nutritional supplements, energy, sports & fitness products and personal care products within one
industry segment as defined under FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting. Our products are
manufactured by third party providers and manufactured in our Suzhou, China facility, and in our
recently acquired manufacturing facility located in Orange County, California, and then are sold to
independent distributors who sell Herbalife products to retail consumers or other distributors. We
sell products in 70 countries throughout the world and we are organized and managed by geographic
region. We have elected to aggregate our operating segments into one reporting segment, except
China, as management believes that our operating segments have similar operating characteristics
and similar long term operating performance. In making this determination, management believes that
the operating segments are similar in the nature of the products sold, the product acquisition
process, the types of customers to whom products are sold, the methods used to distribute the
products, and the nature of the regulatory environment.
Revenue is recognized when products are shipped and title passes to the independent
distributor or importer or as products are sold in our retail stores in China. Amounts billed for
freight and handling costs are included in net sales. We generally receive the net sales price in
cash or through credit card payments at the point of sale. Related royalty overrides and allowances
for product returns are recorded when the merchandise is shipped.
Allowances for product returns, primarily in connection with our buyback program, are provided
at the time the product is shipped. This accrual is based upon historic return rates for each
country and the relevant return pattern, which reflects anticipated returns to be received over a
period of up to 12 months following the original sale. Historically, product returns and buybacks
have not been significant. Product returns and buybacks were approximately 0.5% of retail sales for
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, and 0.8% of retail sales for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2008.
We record reserves against our inventory to provide for estimated obsolete or unsalable
inventory based on assumptions about future demand for our products and market conditions. If
future demand and market conditions are less favorable than managements assumptions, additional
reserves could be required. Likewise, favorable future demand and market conditions could
positively impact future operating results if previously reserved for inventory is sold. We
reserved for obsolete and slow moving inventory totaling $10.2 million and $11.6 million as of
September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.
In accordance with the FASB ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment, property, plant, and
equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the
carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by
the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an
impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the
fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance
sheet and
reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no
longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale
would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.
31
Goodwill and other intangibles not subject to amortization are tested annually for impairment,
and are tested for impairment more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset
might be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds
the assets fair value. This determination is made at the reporting unit level and consists of two
steps. First, we determine the fair value of a reporting unit and compare it to its carrying
amount. Second, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment
loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting units goodwill and other
intangibles over the implied fair value. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in a similar manner as how the amount of goodwill
recognized in a business combination is determined, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business
Combinations, or ASC Topic 805. We would assign the fair value of a reporting unit to all of the
assets and liabilities of that reporting unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a
business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the price paid to acquire the
reporting unit. The excess of the fair value of a reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its
assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had goodwill of approximately
$115.4 million and $110.7 million, respectively, and marketing franchise of approximately $310.0
million at September 30, 2009, and December 31, 2008. The goodwill increase during fiscal year
2009, relates to our August 2009 purchase of certain assets of Micelle Laboratories, Inc., an
Orange County, California contract manufacturer of food and nutritional supplements. The
acquisition was recorded pursuant to ASC Topic 805, and the amounts recorded are preliminary as of
September 30, 2009. These amounts may be adjusted in subsequent quarters during the measurement
period as we continue to evaluate the business and more accurately assign fair values. No
marketing related intangibles or goodwill impairment was recorded during the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2009 and 2008.
Contingencies are accounted for in accordance with the FASB ASC Topic 450, Contingencies, or
ASC Topic 450. ASC Topic 450 requires that we record an estimated loss from a loss contingency when
information available prior to issuance of our financial statements indicates that it is probable
that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial
statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Accounting for contingencies
such as legal and income tax matters requires us to use judgment. Many of these legal and tax
contingencies can take years to be resolved. Generally, as the time period increases over which the
uncertainties are resolved, the likelihood of changes to the estimate of the ultimate outcome
increases.
Deferred income tax assets have been established for net operating loss carryforwards of
certain foreign subsidiaries and have been reduced by a valuation allowance to reflect them at
amounts estimated to be ultimately realized. The net operating loss carryforwards expire in varying
amounts over a future period of time. Realization of the income tax carryforwards is dependent on
generating sufficient taxable income prior to expiration of the carryforwards. Although realization
is not assured, we believe it is more likely than not that the net carrying value of the income tax
carryforwards will be realized. The amount of the income tax carryforwards that is considered
realizable, however, could change if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward
period are adjusted.
We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with the FASB ASC Topic 718,
Compensation-Stock Compensation, or ASC Topic 718. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement,
share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is
recognized as an expense over the vesting period. Determining the fair value of share-based awards
at the grant date requires judgment, including estimating our stock price volatility and employee
stock award exercise behaviors. Our expected volatility is primarily based upon the historical
volatility of our common shares and, due to the limited period of public trading data for our
common shares, it is also validated against the volatility of a company peer group. The expected
life of awards is based on the simple average of the average vesting period and the life of the
award. As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Statements of Income is based on
awards ultimately expected to vest, the amount of expense has been reduced for estimated
forfeitures. ASC Topic 718 requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised,
if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Forfeitures
were estimated based on historical experience.
We account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the FASB ASC Topic 740, Income
Taxes, or ASC Topic 740 which provides guidance on the determination of how tax benefits claimed or expected to be
claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under ASC Topic 740, we
must recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not
that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the
technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such
a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent
likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution.
32
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2009, the FASB issued the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, or the Codification,
which is the single source of authoritative nongovernmental U.S. GAAP. Rules and interpretive
releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative
GAAP for SEC reporting companies. The Codification, which changes the referencing of financial
standards, became effective for interim and annual periods ending on or after September 15, 2009.
All existing non-SEC accounting standards are superseded as described in the Codification. All
other non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification is non-authoritative. The
adoption of the Codification did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial
statements.
|
|
|
Item 3. |
|
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
We are exposed to market risks, which arise during the normal course of business from changes
in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. On a selected basis, we use derivative
financial instruments to manage or hedge these risks. All hedging transactions are authorized and
executed pursuant to written guidelines and procedures.
We have adopted ASC Topic 815 which established accounting and reporting standards for
derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and
for hedging activities. All derivatives, whether designated in hedging relationships or not, are
required to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. If the derivative is designated as a
fair-value hedge, the changes in the fair value of the derivative and the underlying hedged item
are recognized concurrently in earnings. If the derivative is designated as a cash-flow hedge,
changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) and
are recognized in the statement of operations when the hedged item affects earnings. ASC Topic 815
defines the requirements for designation and documentation of hedging relationships as well as
ongoing effectiveness assessments in order to use hedge accounting. For a derivative that does not
qualify as a hedge, changes in fair value are recognized concurrently in earnings.
A discussion of our primary market risk exposures and derivatives is presented below.
Foreign Exchange Risk
We transact business globally and are subject to risks associated with changes in foreign
exchange rates. Our objective is to minimize the impact to earnings and cash flow fluctuations
associated with foreign exchange rate fluctuations. We enter into foreign exchange derivatives in
the ordinary course of business primarily to reduce exposure to currency fluctuations attributable
to intercompany transactions, translation of local currency revenue, inventory purchases subject to
foreign currency exposure, and to partially mitigate the impact of foreign currency rate
fluctuations. Due to the recent significant volatility in the foreign exchange market, our current
strategy, in general, is to hedge some of the significant exposures on a short-term basis. We will
continue to monitor the foreign exchange market and evaluate our hedging strategy accordingly. With
the exception of our foreign exchange forward contracts relating to forecasted inventory purchases,
all of our foreign exchange contracts are designated as free standing derivatives for which hedge
accounting does not apply. The changes in the fair market value of the derivatives not qualifying
as cash flow hedges are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our
consolidated statements of income.
The foreign exchange forward contracts are used to hedge advances between subsidiaries and to
partially mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations. Foreign exchange average rate
option contracts are also used to mitigate the impact of foreign currency rate fluctuations. The
objective of these contracts is to neutralize the impact of foreign currency movements on the
operating results of our subsidiaries. The fair value of forward and option contracts is based on
third-party bank quotes.
We also purchase forward contracts in order to hedge forecasted inventory purchases that are
designated as cash-flow hedges and are subject to foreign currency exposures. We have elected to
apply the hedge accounting rules as required by ASC Topic 815, for these hedges. These contracts
allow us to sell Euros in exchange for U.S. dollars at specified contract rates. As of September
30, 2009, approximately $12 million of these contracts were outstanding and are expected to mature
over the next three months. Our derivative financial instruments are recorded on the consolidated
balance sheet at fair value based on quoted market rates. These forward contracts are used to hedge
forecasted inventory purchases over specific months. Changes in the fair value of forward
contracts, excluding forward points, designated as cash-flow hedges are recorded in other
comprehensive income (loss), and are recognized in cost of sales in the period which approximates
the time the hedged inventory is sold. As of September 30, 2009, we recorded a liability
at fair value of $0.6 million.
33
As of September 30, 2009, all of our foreign exchange forward contracts had a maturity of less
than one year, with the majority expiring within 90 days. As of September 30, 2009, there were no
outstanding foreign exchange option contracts.
The following table provides information about the details of our foreign exchange forward
contracts:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
Contract |
|
|
Notional |
|
|
Value |
|
Foreign Currency |
|
Rate |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Gain (Loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions) |
|
|
(In millions) |
|
At September 30, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Buy EUR sell MXN |
|
|
19.16 |
|
|
$ |
31.5 |
|
|
$ |
1.2 |
|
Buy JPN sell USD |
|
|
92.84 |
|
|
$ |
17.0 |
|
|
$ |
0.6 |
|
Buy USD sell EUR |
|
|
1.41 |
|
|
$ |
62.8 |
|
|
$ |
(2.5 |
) |
Buy CLP sell USD |
|
|
541.04 |
|
|
$ |
2.6 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Buy USD sell CLP |
|
|
544.25 |
|
|
$ |
5.3 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Buy HKD sell USD |
|
|
7.74 |
|
|
$ |
3.5 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Buy JPY sell EUR |
|
|
131.87 |
|
|
$ |
2.2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Buy EUR sell JPY |
|
|
132.72 |
|
|
$ |
5.5 |
|
|
$ |
(0.1 |
) |
Buy USD sell BRL |
|
|
1.90 |
|
|
$ |
7.4 |
|
|
$ |
(0.5 |
) |
Buy USD sell ZAR |
|
|
7.71 |
|
|
$ |
4.5 |
|
|
$ |
(0.1 |
) |
Buy ZAR sell USD |
|
|
7.51 |
|
|
$ |
2.7 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Buy USD sell PHP |
|
|
48.14 |
|
|
$ |
5.9 |
|
|
$ |
(0.1 |
) |
Buy USD sell KRW |
|
|
1,220.83 |
|
|
$ |
3.4 |
|
|
$ |
(0.1 |
) |
Buy USD sell INR |
|
|
48.60 |
|
|
$ |
2.9 |
|
|
$ |
(0.1 |
) |
Buy USD sell COP |
|
|
2,018.25 |
|
|
$ |
3.8 |
|
|
$ |
(0.2 |
) |
Buy EUR sell USD |
|
|
1.45 |
|
|
$ |
46.4 |
|
|
$ |
0.5 |
|
Buy EUR sell HKD |
|
|
11.04 |
|
|
$ |
2.8 |
|
|
$ |
0.1 |
|
Buy MXN sell USD |
|
|
13.40 |
|
|
$ |
4.1 |
|
|
$ |
(0.1 |
) |
Buy SEK sell EUR |
|
|
10.29 |
|
|
$ |
2.2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Buy GBP sell USD |
|
|
1.63 |
|
|
$ |
4.1 |
|
|
$ |
(0.1 |
) |
Buy USD sell RUB |
|
|
32.46 |
|
|
$ |
0.6 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Buy USD sell JPN |
|
|
90.20 |
|
|
$ |
7.5 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total forward contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
228.7 |
|
|
$ |
(1.5 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Most of our foreign subsidiaries designate their local currencies as their functional
currencies. At September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the total amount of our foreign subsidiary
cash was $208.2 million and $142.0 million, respectively, of which $6.6 million and $9.7 million,
respectively, was invested in U.S. dollars.
Currency restrictions enacted by the Venezuelan government in 2003 have become more
restrictive and have impacted the ability of our subsidiary in Venezuela, Herbalife Venezuela, to
obtain U.S. dollars at the official foreign exchange rate. We have made appropriate applications
through the Venezuelan government and its Foreign Exchange Commission, CADIVI, for approval to
obtain U.S. dollars at the official exchange rate to pay for imported product and to pay an annual
dividend. The application and approval processes have been intermittently delayed in recent
periods, and the timing and ability to obtain U.S. dollars at the official exchange rate remains
uncertain. If CADIVI does not approve further exchanges at the official exchange rate, Herbalife
Venezuela could use a legal parallel exchange process to repatriate U.S. dollars. However, the
parallel exchange rate was approximately 61% less favorable than the official exchange rate as of
September 30, 2009. This could result in our Company having fewer U.S. dollars than currently
reported as cash and cash equivalents and may result in a material charge to operating profit.
Interest Rate Risk
As of September 30, 2009, the aggregate annual maturities of our senior secured credit
facility entered into in July 2006, as amended, were: 2009-$0.4 million; 2010-$1.5 million;
2011-$1.5 million; 2012-$151.5 million and 2013-$140.9 million. The fair value of our senior
secured credit facility approximates its carrying value of $295.8 million as of September 30, 2009
and $324.5 million as of December 31, 2008. Our senior secured credit facility bears a variable
interest rate, and on September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the weighted average interest rate
was 1.61% and 3.04%, respectively.
Under our senior secured credit facility, we were obligated to enter into interest rate hedges
for up to 25% of the aggregate principal amount of the term loan for a minimum of three years. On
August 23, 2006, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement. This agreement provided for us
to pay interest for a three-year period at a fixed rate of 5.26% on the initial notional principal
amount of $180.0 million while receiving interest for the same period at the LIBOR rate on the same
notional principal amount. The notional amount was scheduled to be reduced by $20.0 million in the
second, third and fourth quarters of each year commencing January 1, 2007 throughout the term of
the swap. The swap had been designated as a cash flow hedge against the variability in LIBOR
interest rate on the new term loan at LIBOR plus 1.50%, thereby fixing our effective rate on the
notional amounts at 6.76%. As of December 31, 2008, the swap notional amount was $40.0 million. As
of September 30, 2009, the swap expired and was consequently settled. As of December 31, 2008, we
recorded the interest rate swap as a liability at fair value of $1.0 million with the offsetting
amounts recorded in other comprehensive income.
34
On June 26, 2009, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement, with an effective date of
June 30, 2009, which expired on September 30, 2009. The swap notional amount was $20 million, where
we paid three month LIBOR and received one month LIBOR plus 0.185%. As of September 30, 2009, the
interest rate swap agreement expired and all outstanding amounts were settled. We had elected not
to apply hedge accounting for this interest rate swap.
During August 2009, we entered into four interest rate swap agreements with an effective date
of December 31, 2009. The agreements, collectively, provide for us to pay interest for less than a
four-year period at a weighted average fixed rate of 2.78% on notional amounts aggregating to $140
million while receiving interest for the same period at the one month LIBOR rate on the same
notional amounts. These agreements will expire in July 2013. The swaps have been designated as
cash flow hedges against the variability in the LIBOR interest rate on the term loan at LIBOR plus
1.50%, thereby fixing our weighted average effective rate on the notional amounts at 4.28%. We
formally assess, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivatives used
in hedging transactions are effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item. As of
September 30, 2009 the hedge relationships qualified as effective hedges under the ASC Topic 815.
Consequently, all changes in the fair value of the derivatives are deferred and recorded in other
comprehensive income (loss) until the related forecasted transactions are recognized in the
consolidated statements of income. As of September 30, 2009, the fair value of the interest rate
swap agreements are based on third-party bank quotes and we recorded the interest rate swaps as a
liability at fair value of $2.5 million.
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|
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Item 4. |
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Controls And Procedures |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our management, including our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure
controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period
covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive
Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures
were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2009.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange
Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2009 that have materially affected, or
are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This document contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements
for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including any projections of earnings, revenue
or other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for
future operations; any statements concerning proposed new services or developments; any statements
regarding future economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief; and any statements
of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements may include the words
may, will, estimate, intend, continue, believe, expect or anticipate and any other
similar words.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in any of our forward-looking statements
are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in any of
our forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and results of operations, as well
as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and to inherent risks and uncertainties,
such as those disclosed or incorporated by reference in our filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission. Important factors that could cause our actual results, performance and
achievements, or industry results to differ materially from estimates or projections contained in
our forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:
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our relationship with, and our ability to influence the actions of, our distributors; |
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adverse publicity associated with our products or network marketing organization; |
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|
uncertainties relating to interpretation and enforcement of recently enacted legislation
in China governing direct selling; |
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|
our inability to obtain the necessary licenses to expand our direct selling business in
China; |
35
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adverse changes in the Chinese economy, Chinese legal system or Chinese governmental
policies; |
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improper action by our employees or international distributors in violation of applicable
law; |
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changing consumer preferences and demands; |
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|
loss or departure of any member of our senior management team which could negatively
impact our distributor relations and operating results; |
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the competitive nature of our business; |
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|
regulatory matters governing our products, including potential governmental or regulatory
actions concerning the safety or efficacy of our products, and network marketing program
including the direct selling market in which we operate; |
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|
third party legal challenges to our network marketing program; |
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|
risks associated with operating internationally, including foreign exchange and
devaluation risks; |
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our dependence on increased penetration of existing markets; |
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contractual limitations on our ability to expand our business; |
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our reliance on our information technology infrastructure and outside manufacturers; |
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|
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the sufficiency of trademarks and other intellectual property rights; |
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|
our reliance on our management team; |
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|
uncertainties relating to the application of transfer pricing, duties, value added taxes,
and other tax regulations, and changes thereto; |
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|
|
changes in tax laws, treaties or regulations, or their interpretation; |
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|
|
taxation relating to our distributors; |
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|
|
product liability claims; |
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|
|
any collateral impact resulting from the ongoing worldwide financial crisis, including
the availability of liquidity to us, our customers and our suppliers or the willingness of
our customers to purchase products in a recessionary economic environment; and |
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|
whether we will purchase any of our shares in the open markets or otherwise. |
Additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our
forward-looking statements are set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including under the
heading Risk Factors, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations and in our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes.
Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speak only as of the date
hereof, and forward-looking statements in documents attached that are incorporated by reference
speak only as of the date of those documents. We do not undertake any obligation to update or
release any revisions to any forward-looking statement or to report any events or circumstances
after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by
law.
36
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
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|
|
Item 1. |
|
Legal Proceedings |
See discussion under Note 4, Contingencies, to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial
Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is
incorporated herein by reference.
The worldwide financial and economic crisis could negatively impact our access to credit and the
sales of our products and could harm our financial condition and operating results.
We are closely monitoring various aspects of the current worldwide financial and economic
crisis and its potential impact on us, our liquidity, our access to capital, our operations and
our overall financial condition. While we have historically met our funding needs utilizing cash
flow from operating activities and while we believe we will have sufficient resources to meet
current debt service obligations in a timely manner, no assurances can be given that the current
overall downturn in the world economy will not significantly adversely impact us and our business
operations. We note economic and financial markets are fluid and we cannot ensure that there will
not be in the near future a material adverse deterioration in our sales or liquidity.
Our failure to establish and maintain distributor relationships for any reason could negatively
impact sales of our products and harm our financial condition and operating results.
We distribute our products exclusively through approximately 1.9 million independent
distributors, and we depend upon them directly for substantially all of our sales. To increase our
revenue, we must increase the number of, or the productivity of, our distributors. Accordingly, our
success depends in significant part upon our ability to recruit, retain and motivate a large base
of distributors. There is a high rate of turnover among our distributors, which is a characteristic
of the network marketing business. The loss of a significant number of distributors for any reason
could negatively impact sales of our products and could impair our ability to attract new
distributors. In our efforts to attract and retain distributors, we compete with other network
marketing organizations, including those in the weight management, dietary and nutritional
supplement and personal care and cosmetic product industries. Our operating results could be harmed
if our existing and new business opportunities and products do not generate sufficient interest to
retain existing distributors and attract new distributors.
Our distributor organization has a high turnover rate, which is a common characteristic found
in the direct selling industry. In light of this fact, we have our supervisors re-qualify annually
in order to maintain a more accurate count of their numbers. For the latest twelve month
re-qualification period ending January 2009, 40.3% of our supervisors re-qualified. Distributors
who purchase our product for personal consumption or for short-term income goals may stay with us
for several months to one year. Supervisors who have committed time and effort to build a sales
organization will generally stay for longer periods. Distributors have highly variable levels of
training, skills and capabilities. The turnover rate of our distributors, and our operating
results, can be adversely impacted if we, and our senior distributor leadership, do not provide the
necessary mentoring, training and business support tools for new distributors to become successful
sales people in a short period of time.
We estimate that, of our approximately 1.9 million independent distributors, we had
approximately 437,000 sales leaders as of Septmber 30, 2009. These sales leaders, together with
their downline sales organizations, account for substantially all of our revenues. Our
distributors, including our sales leaders, may voluntarily terminate their distributor agreements
with us at any time. The loss of a group of leading sales leaders, together with their downline
sales organizations, or the loss of a significant number of distributors for any reason, could
negatively impact sales of our products, impair our ability to attract new distributors and harm
our financial condition and operating results.
Since we cannot exert the same level of influence or control over our independent distributors as
we could were they our own employees, our distributors could fail to comply with our distributor
policies and procedures, which could result in claims against us that could harm our financial
condition and operating results.
Excluding our China sales employees, our distributors are independent contractors and,
accordingly, we are not in a position to directly provide the same direction, motivation and
oversight as we would if distributors were our own employees. As a result, there can be no
assurance that our distributors will participate in our marketing strategies or plans, accept our
introduction of new products, or comply with our distributor policies and procedures.
37
Extensive federal, state and local laws regulate our business, products and network marketing
program. Because we have expanded into foreign countries, our policies and procedures for our
independent distributors differ due to the different legal requirements of each country in which we
do business. While we have implemented distributor policies and procedures designed to govern
distributor conduct and to protect the goodwill associated with Herbalife trademarks and
tradenames, it can be difficult to enforce these policies and procedures because of the large
number of distributors and their independent status. Violations by our independent distributors of
applicable law or of our policies and procedures in dealing with customers could reflect negatively
on our products and operations and harm our business reputation. In addition, it is possible that a
court could hold us civilly or criminally accountable based on vicarious liability because of the
actions of our independent distributors.
Adverse publicity associated with our products, ingredients or network marketing program, or those
of similar companies, could harm our financial condition and operating results.
The size of our distribution force and the results of our operations may be significantly
affected by the publics perception of the Company and similar companies. This perception is
dependent upon opinions concerning:
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|
|
the safety and quality of our products and ingredients; |
|
|
|
the safety and quality of similar products and ingredients distributed by other
companies; |
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|
|
our network marketing program; and |
|
|
|
the direct selling business generally. |
Adverse publicity concerning any actual or purported failure of our Company or our independent
distributors to comply with applicable laws and regulations regarding product claims and
advertising, good manufacturing practices, the regulation of our network marketing program, the
licensing of our products for sale in our target markets or other aspects of our business, whether
or not resulting in enforcement actions or the imposition of penalties, could have an adverse
effect on the goodwill of our Company and could negatively affect our ability to attract, motivate
and retain distributors, which would negatively impact our ability to generate revenue. We cannot
ensure that all distributors will comply with applicable legal requirements relating to the
advertising, labeling, licensing or distribution of our products.
In addition, our distributors and consumers perception of the safety and quality of our
products and ingredients as well as similar products and ingredients distributed by other companies
can be significantly influenced by media attention, publicized scientific research or findings,
widespread product liability claims and other publicity concerning our products or ingredients or
similar products and ingredients distributed by other companies. For example, in May 2008 public
allegations were made that certain of our products contain excessive amounts of lead thereby
triggering disclosure and labeling requirements under California Proposition 65. While we have
confidence in our products because they fall within the FDA suggested guidelines for the amount of
lead that consumers can safely ingest and do not believe they trigger disclosure or labeling
requirements under California Proposition 65, negative publicity such as this can disrupt our
business. Adverse publicity, whether or not accurate or resulting from consumers use or misuse of
our products, that associates consumption of our products or ingredients or any similar products or
ingredients with illness or other adverse effects, questions the benefits of our or similar
products or claims that any such products are ineffective, inappropriately labeled or have
inaccurate instructions as to their use, could lead to lawsuits or other legal challenges and could
negatively impact our reputation, the market demand for our products, or our general business.
From time to time we receive inquiries from government agencies and third parties requesting
information concerning our products. We fully cooperate with these inquiries including, when
requested, by the submission of detailed technical dossiers addressing product composition,
manufacturing, process control, quality assurance, and contaminant testing. We understand that such
materials are undergoing review by regulators in certain markets. In the course of one such inquiry
the Spanish Ministry of Health elected to issue a press release, or communicado, to inform the
public of a then on-going inquiry and dialogue with our Company. Upon completion of its review of
Herbalife products distributed in Spain, the Spanish Ministry of Health withdrew its communicado in
April 2009. We are confident in the safety of our products when used as directed. However, there
can be no assurance that regulators in these or other markets will not take actions that might
delay or prevent the introduction of new products, or require the reformulation or the temporary or
permanent withdrawal of certain of our existing products from their markets.
38
Adverse publicity relating to us, our products or our operations, including our network
marketing program or the attractiveness or viability of the financial opportunities provided
thereby, has had, and could again have, a negative effect on our ability to attract, motivate and
retain distributors. In the mid-1980s, our products and marketing program became the subject of
regulatory scrutiny in the United States, resulting in large part from claims and representations
made about our products by our independent distributors, including impermissible therapeutic
claims. The resulting adverse publicity caused a rapid, substantial loss of distributors in the
United States and a corresponding reduction in sales beginning in 1985. We expect that negative
publicity will, from time to time, continue to negatively impact our business in particular
markets.
Our failure to appropriately respond to changing consumer preferences and demand for new products
or product enhancements could significantly harm our distributor and customer relationships and
product sales and harm our financial condition and operating results.
Our business is subject to changing consumer trends and preferences, especially with respect
to weight management products. Our continued success depends in part on our ability to anticipate
and respond to these changes, and we may not respond in a timely or commercially appropriate manner
to such changes. Furthermore, the nutritional supplement industry is characterized by rapid and
frequent changes in demand for products and new product introductions and enhancements. Our failure
to accurately predict these trends could negatively impact consumer opinion of our products, which
in turn could harm our customer and distributor relationships and cause the loss of sales. The
success of our new product offerings and enhancements depends upon a number of factors, including
our ability to:
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|
|
accurately anticipate customer needs; |
|
|
|
innovate and develop new products or product enhancements that meet these needs; |
|
|
|
successfully commercialize new products or product enhancements in a timely manner; |
|
|
|
price our products competitively; |
|
|
|
manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volumes and in a timely manner; and |
|
|
|
differentiate our product offerings from those of our competitors. |
If we do not introduce new products or make enhancements to meet the changing needs of our
customers in a timely manner, some of our products could be rendered obsolete, which could
negatively impact our revenues, financial condition and operating results.
Due to the high level of competition in our industry, we might fail to retain our customers and
distributors, which would harm our financial condition and operating results.
The business of marketing weight management and nutrition products is highly competitive and
sensitive to the introduction of new products or weight management plans, including various
prescription drugs, which may rapidly capture a significant share of the market. These market
segments include numerous manufacturers, distributors, marketers, retailers and physicians that
actively compete for the business of consumers both in the United States and abroad. In addition,
we anticipate that we will be subject to increasing competition in the future from sellers that
utilize electronic commerce. Some of these competitors have longer operating histories,
significantly greater financial, technical, product development, marketing and sales resources,
greater name recognition, larger established customer bases and better-developed distribution
channels than we do. Our present or future competitors may be able to develop products that are
comparable or superior to those we offer, adapt more quickly than we do to new technologies,
evolving industry trends and standards or customer requirements, or devote greater resources to the
development, promotion and sale of their products than we do. For example, if our competitors
develop other diet or weight loss treatments that prove to be more effective than our products,
demand for our products could be reduced. Accordingly, we may not be able to compete effectively in
our markets and competition may intensify.
We are also subject to significant competition for the recruitment of distributors from other
network marketing organizations, including those that market weight management products, dietary
and nutritional supplements and personal care products as well as other types of products. We
compete for global customers and distributors with regard to weight management, nutritional
supplement and personal care products. Our competitors include both direct selling companies such
as NuSkin Enterprises, Natures Sunshine, Alticor/Amway, Melaleuca, Avon Products, Oriflame and
Mary Kay, as well as retail establishments such as Weight Watchers, Jenny Craig, General Nutrition
Centers, Wal-Mart and retail pharmacies.
39
In addition, because the industry in which we operate is not particularly capital intensive or
otherwise subject to high barriers to entry, it is relatively easy for new competitors to emerge
who will compete with us for our distributors and customers. In addition, the fact that our
distributors may easily enter and exit our network marketing program contributes to the level of
competition that we face. For example, a distributor can enter or exit our network marketing system
with relative ease at any time without facing a significant investment or loss of capital because
(1) we have a low upfront financial cost to become a Herbalife distributor, (2) we do not require
any specific amount of time to work as a distributor, (3) we do not insist on any special training
to be a distributor and (4) we do not prohibit a new distributor from working with another company.
Our ability to remain competitive therefore depends, in significant part, on our success in
recruiting and retaining distributors through an attractive compensation plan, the maintenance of
an attractive product portfolio and other incentives. We cannot ensure that our programs for
recruitment and retention of distributors will be successful and if they are not, our financial
condition and operating results would be harmed.
We are affected by extensive laws, governmental regulations, administrative determinations, court
decisions and similar constraints both domestically and abroad, and our failure or our
distributors failure to comply with these constraints could lead to the imposition of significant
penalties or claims, which could harm our financial condition and operating results.
In both domestic and foreign markets, the formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling,
distribution, importation, exportation, licensing, sale and storage of our products are affected by
extensive laws, governmental regulations, administrative determinations, court decisions and
similar constraints. Such laws, regulations and other constraints may exist at the federal, state
or local levels in the United States and at all levels of government in foreign jurisdictions.
There can be no assurance that we or our distributors are in compliance with all of these
regulations. Our failure or our distributors failure to comply with these regulations or new
regulations could lead to the imposition of significant penalties or claims and could negatively
impact our business. In addition, the adoption of new regulations or changes in the interpretations
of existing regulations may result in significant compliance costs or discontinuation of product
sales and may negatively impact the marketing of our products, resulting in significant loss of
sales revenues.
In April 2006, the FTC issued a notice of proposed rulemaking which, if implemented in its
originally proposed form, would have regulated all sellers of business opportunities in the
United States. As originally proposed this rule would have applied to us and, if adopted in its
proposed form, could have adversely impacted our U.S. business. On March 18, 2008, the FTC issued a
revised proposed rule and, as indicated in the announcement accompanying the proposed rule, the
revised proposal does not attempt to cover multilevel marketing companies such as Herbalife. If the
revised rule were implemented as it is now proposed, we believe that it would not significantly
impact our U.S. business. Based on information currently available, we anticipate that the rule may
require a year or more to become final.
The FTC has approved revisions to its Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and
Testimonials in Advertising, or Guides. The Guides will become effective on December 1, 2009.
Although the Guides are not binding, they explain how the FTC interprets Section 5 of the FTC Acts
prohibition on unfair or deceptive acts or practices. Consequently, the FTC could bring a Section 5
enforcement action based on practices that are inconsistent with the Guides. Under the revised
Guides, advertisements that feature a consumer and convey his or her atypical experience with a
product or service will be required to clearly disclose the results that consumers can generally
expect. In contrast to the 1980 version of the Guides, which allowed advertisers to describe
atypical results in a testimonial as long as they included a disclaimer such as results not
typical, the revised Guides no longer contain such a safe harbor. The revised Guides also add new
examples to illustrate the long-standing principle that material connections between advertisers
and endorsers (such as payments or free products), connections that consumers might not expect,
must be disclosed. Herbalife is reviewing the impact of the revised Guides. However, it is
possible that our use of testimonials in the advertising and promotion of our products, including
but not limited to our weight management products will be significantly impacted and therefore
might negatively impact our sales.
Governmental regulations in countries where we plan to commence or expand operations may
prevent or delay entry into those markets. In addition, our ability to sustain satisfactory levels
of sales in our markets is dependent in significant part on our ability to introduce additional
products into such markets. However, governmental regulations in our markets, both domestic and
international, can delay or prevent the introduction, or require the reformulation or withdrawal,
of certain of our products. For example, during the third quarter of 1995, we received inquiries
from certain governmental agencies within Germany and Portugal regarding our product,
Thermojetics® Instant Herbal Beverage, relating to the caffeine content of the product
and the status of the product as an instant tea, which was disfavored by regulators, versus a
beverage. Although we initially suspended the product sale in Germany and Portugal at the request
of the regulators, we successfully reintroduced it once regulatory issues were satisfactorily
resolved. In another example, during the second quarter of 2008 the Spanish Ministry of Health
issued a press release, or communicado, informing the public of a then on-going inquiry into the
safety of our Companys products sold in Spain. Upon completion of its review of Herbalife products
distributed in Spain, the Spanish Ministry of Health withdrew its communicado. Any such
regulatory action, whether or not it results in a final determination adverse to us, could create
negative publicity, with detrimental effects on the motivation and recruitment of distributors and,
consequently, on sales.
40
On June 25, 2007, the FDA published its final rule for cGMPs affecting the manufacture,
packing, and holding of dietary supplements. The final rule requires identity testing on all
incoming dietary ingredients, but permits the use of certificates of analysis or other
documentation to verify the reliability of the ingredient suppliers. On the same date the FDA also
published an interim final rule that outlined a petition process for manufacturers to request an
exemption to the cGMP requirement for 100 percent identity testing of specific dietary ingredients
used in the processing of dietary supplements. Under the interim final rule the manufacturer may be
exempted from the dietary ingredient testing requirement if it can provide sufficient documentation
that the reduced frequency of testing requested would still ensure the identity of the dietary
ingredient. The final rule includes a phased-in effective date based on the size of the
manufacturer. The final rule and the interim final rule became effective August 24, 2007. To limit
any disruption for dietary supplements produced by small businesses the final rule has a three year
phase in for small businesses. Firms that directly employ more than 500 full-time equivalent
employees must have achieved compliance with the new cGMPs by June 25, 2008, while firms having
between 20-500 full-time equivalent employees must be compliant by 2009 and firms having under 20
full-time equivalent employees must be compliant by 2010. Herbalife initiated enhancements,
modifications and improvements to its manufacturing and corporate quality processes and believes
that it is compliant with the FDAs cGMP final rule with respect to dietary supplements sold by
Herbalife in the United States that the Company produces at its Suzhou, China facility and that are
produced by contract manufacturers. These rules apply only to manufacturers and holders of finished
products and not to ingredient suppliers unless the ingredient supplier is manufacturing a final
dietary supplement. The final rule differs from the FDAs 2003 proposed rule as it does not contain
language regarding the regulatory status of excipients and other ingredients that are not dietary
ingredients. Instead, the final rule relies on a requirement to comply with all other relevant
regulations. Further, the final rule does not call for any specific finished product testing
program nor does it require 100% testing of all finished products. Instead the final rule calls for
a scientifically valid system for ensuring that finished products meet all specifications. Due to
the final cGMP rules, we have experienced increases in some product costs as a result of the
necessary increase in testing of raw ingredients and finished products and this may cause us to
seek alternate suppliers.
Our network marketing program could be found to be not in compliance with current or newly adopted
laws or regulations in one or more markets, which could prevent us from conducting our business in
these markets and harm our financial condition and operating results.
Our network marketing program is subject to a number of federal and state regulations
administered by the FTC and various state agencies in the United States as well as regulations on
direct selling in foreign markets administered by foreign agencies. We are subject to the risk
that, in one or more markets, our network marketing program could be found not to be in compliance
with applicable law or regulations. Regulations applicable to network marketing organizations
generally are directed at preventing fraudulent or deceptive schemes, often referred to as
pyramid or chain sales schemes, by ensuring that product sales ultimately are made to consumers
and that advancement within an organization is based on sales of the organizations products rather
than investments in the organization or other non-retail sales-related criteria. The regulatory
requirements concerning network marketing programs do not include bright line rules and are
inherently fact-based, and thus, even in jurisdictions where we believe that our network marketing
program is in full compliance with applicable laws or regulations governing network marketing
systems, we are subject to the risk that these laws or regulations or the enforcement or
interpretation of these laws and regulations by governmental agencies or courts can change. The
failure of our network marketing program to comply with current or newly adopted regulations could
negatively impact our business in a particular market or in general.
We are also subject to the risk of private party challenges to the legality of our network
marketing program. The multi-level marketing programs of other companies have been successfully
challenged in the past and in a current lawsuit, allegations have been made challenging the
legality of our network marketing program in Belgium. Test Ankoop-Test Achat, a Belgian consumer
protection organization, sued Herbalife International Belgium, S.V., or HIB, on August 26, 2004,
alleging that HIB violated Article 84 of the Belgian Fair Trade Practices Act by engaging in
pyramid selling, i.e., establishing a network of professional or non-professional sales people who
hope to make a profit more through the expansion of that network than through the sale of products
to end-consumers. The plaintiff is seeking a payment of 25,000 (equal to approximately $36,000 as
of September 30, 2009) per purported violation as well as costs of the trial. For the year ended
December 31, 2008, our net sales in Belgium were approximately $16.7 million. Currently, the
lawsuit is in the pleading stage. The plaintiffs filed their initial brief on September 27, 2005
and on May 9, 2006 we filed a reply brief. On December 9, 2008 plaintiffs filed a responsive brief
and on June 24, 2009 we filed a reply brief. There is no date yet for the oral hearings. An adverse
judicial determination with respect to our network marketing program, or in proceedings not
involving us directly but which challenge the legality of multi-level marketing systems, in Belgium
or in any other market in which we
operate, could negatively impact our business. We believe that we have meritorious defenses to
the suit.
41
On April 16, 2007 Herbalife International of America, Inc. filed a Complaint in the United
States District Court for the Central District of California against certain former Herbalife
distributors who had left the Company to join a competitor. The Complaint alleged breach of
contract, misappropriation of trade secrets, intentional interference with prospective economic
advantage, intentional interference with contract, unfair
competition, constructive trust and fraud
and seeks monetary damages, attorneys fees and injunctive relief. (Herbalife International of America, Inc. v. Robert E. Ford, et al) The court entered a Preliminary Injunction against the defendants enjoining them
from further use and/or misappropriation of our trade secrets on
December 11, 2007. Defendants appealed the courts entry of
the Preliminary Injunction to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Ninth Circuit. That court affirmed, in relevant part, the Preliminary
Injunction. On
December 3, 2007 the defendants filed a counterclaim alleging
that we had engaged in unfair
and deceptive business practices, intentional and negligent interference with prospective economic
advantage, false advertising and that the Company was an endless chain scheme in violation of
California law and seeking restitution, contract rescission and an
injunction. Both sides engaged in discovery and filed cross motions for Summary Judgment. On
August 25, 2009 the court granted partial summary judgment for Herbalife on all of defendants
claims except the claim that Herbalife is an endless chain scheme which under applicable law is a
question of fact that can only be determined at trial. The court
denied defendants motion for
Summary Judgment on our claims for misappropriation of trade secrets and breach of contract. No
date has been set for trial. We believe that there is merit to our
claims for relief and have meritorious
defenses to the remaining counterclaim.
A substantial portion of our business is conducted in foreign markets, exposing us to the
risks of trade or foreign exchange restrictions, increased tariffs, foreign currency fluctuations
and similar risks associated with foreign operations.
Approximately 80% of our net sales for the year ended December 31, 2008, were generated
outside the United States, exposing our business to risks associated with foreign operations. For
example, a foreign government may impose trade or foreign exchange restrictions or increased
tariffs, which could negatively impact our operations. We are also exposed to risks associated with
foreign currency fluctuations. For instance, purchases from suppliers are generally made in U.S.
dollars while sales to distributors are generally made in local currencies. Accordingly,
strengthening of the U.S. dollar versus a foreign currency could have a negative impact on us.
Although we engage in transactions to protect against risks associated with foreign currency
fluctuations, we cannot be certain any hedging activity will effectively reduce our exchange rate
exposure. Our operations in some markets also may be adversely affected by political, economic and
social instability in foreign countries. As we continue to focus on expanding our existing
international operations, these and other risks associated with international operations may
increase, which could harm our financial condition and operating results.
Currency restrictions enacted by the Venezuelan government in 2003 have become more
restrictive and have impacted the ability of our subsidiary in Venezuela, or Herbalife Venezuela,
to obtain U.S. dollars at the official foreign exchange rate. We have made appropriate
applications through the Venezuelan government and its Foreign Exchange Commission, CADIVI, for
approval to obtain U.S. dollars at the official exchange rate to pay for imported product and to
pay an annual dividend. The application and approval processes have been intermittently delayed in
recent periods and the timing and ability to obtain U.S. dollars at the official exchange rate
remains uncertain. It is managements intent, commencing in the fourth quarter of 2009, to begin
repatriating excess cash on a regular basis. Unless our ability to obtain U.S. dollars at the
official foreign exchange rate is made more readily available, the results of Herbalife Venezuelas
operations will be negatively impacted as it may need to obtain more U.S. dollars from alternative
sources where the exchange rate is weaker than the official rate. Additionally, if we are unable
to import products at the official foreign exchange rate in Venezuela, we may implement price
increases and surcharges to the selling price of our products to compensate for the incremental
cost of importation. This could adversely affect sales volume in Venezuela.
Inflation in Venezuela has continued to increase over the past few years and it is possible
that Venezuela will be designated as a highly inflationary economy by January 1, 2010. Gains and
losses resulting from the translation of the financial statements of subsidiaries operating in
highly inflationary economies are recorded in earnings. If Venezuela is designated as a highly
inflationary economy or there is a devaluation of the official rate, there could be a significant
impact on our earnings.
Our expansion in China is subject to general, as well as industry-specific, economic, political
and legal developments and risks in China and requires that we utilize a different business model
from that which we use elsewhere in the world.
Our expansion of operations into China is subject to risks and uncertainties related to
general economic, political and legal developments in China, among other things. The Chinese
government exercises significant control over the Chinese economy, including but not limited to
controlling capital investments, allocating resources, setting monetary policy, controlling foreign
exchange and monitoring foreign exchange rates, implementing and overseeing tax regulations,
providing preferential treatment to certain industry segments or companies and issuing necessary
licenses to conduct business. Accordingly, any adverse change in the Chinese economy, the Chinese
legal system or Chinese governmental, economic or other policies could have a material adverse
effect on our
business in China and our prospects generally.
42
In August 2005, China published regulations governing direct selling (effective December 1,
2005) and prohibiting pyramid promotional schemes (effective November 1, 2005), and a number of
administrative methods and proclamations were issued in September 2005 and in September 2006. These
regulations require us to use a business model different from that which we offer in other markets.
To allow us to operate under these regulations, we have created and introduced a model specifically
for China. In China, we have Company-operated retail stores that sell through employed sales
personnel to customers and preferred customers. We provide training and certification procedures
for sales personnel in China. We also have non-employee sales representatives who sell through our
retail stores or who provide services and operate their own licensed business premises. Our sales
representatives are also permitted by the terms of our direct selling licenses to sell away from
fixed retail locations in the provinces of Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shandong, Zhejiang (excluding
Ningbo), Guizhou and Beijing and effective July 7, 2009, in the additional provinces of Fuijan,
Sichuan, Hubei, Shanxi, and Shanghai. Our direct selling license for Shanghai will permit us to
sell away from fixed retail locations once our Shanghai outlet is inspected and confirmed by the
relevant authority. These features are not common to the business model we employ elsewhere in the
world, and based on the direct selling licenses we have received and the terms of those which we
hope to receive in the future to conduct a direct selling enterprise in China, our business model
in China will continue in some part to incorporate such features. The direct selling regulations
require us to apply for various approvals to conduct a direct selling enterprise in China. The
process for obtaining the necessary licenses to conduct a direct selling business is protracted and
cumbersome and involves multiple layers of Chinese governmental authorities and numerous
governmental employees at each layer. While direct selling licenses are centrally issued, such
licenses are generally valid only in the jurisdictions within which related approvals have been
obtained. Such approvals are generally awarded on local and provincial bases, and the approval
process requires involvement with multiple ministries at each level. Our participation and conduct
during the approval process is guided not only by distinct Chinese practices and customs, but is
also subject to applicable laws of China and the other jurisdictions in which we operate our
business, including the U.S., and our internal code of ethics. There is always a risk that in
attempting to comply with local customs and practices in China during the application process or
otherwise, we will fail to comply with requirements applicable to us in China itself or in other
jurisdictions, and any such failure to comply with applicable requirements could prevent us from
obtaining the direct selling licenses or related local or provincial approvals. Furthermore, we
rely on certain key personnel in China to assist us during the approval process, and the loss of
any such key personnel could delay or hinder our ability to obtain licenses or related approvals.
For all of the above reasons, there can be no assurance that we will obtain additional
direct-selling licenses, or obtain related approvals to expand into any or all of the localities or
provinces in China that are important to our business. Our inability to obtain, retain, or renew
any or all of the licenses or related approvals that are required for us to operate in China would
negatively impact our business.
Additionally, although certain regulations have been published with respect to obtaining such
approvals, operating under such approvals and otherwise conducting business in China, other
regulations are pending, and there is uncertainty regarding the interpretation and enforcement of
Chinese regulations. The regulatory environment in China is evolving, and officials in the Chinese
government exercise broad discretion in deciding how to interpret and apply regulations. We cannot
be certain that our business model will continue to be deemed by national or local Chinese
regulatory authorities to be compliant with any such regulations. In the past, the Chinese
government has rigorously monitored the direct selling market in China, and has taken serious
action against companies that the government believed were engaging in activities they regarded to
be in violation of applicable law, including shutting down their businesses and imposing
substantial fines. As a result, there can be no guarantee that the Chinese governments current or
future interpretation and application of the existing and new regulations will not negatively
impact our business in China, result in regulatory investigations or lead to fines or penalties
against us or our Chinese distributors.
Chinese regulations prevent persons who are not Chinese nationals from engaging in direct
selling in China. We cannot guarantee that any of our distributors living outside of China or any
of our independent sales representatives or employed sales management personnel in China have not
engaged or will not engage in activities that violate our policies in this market, or that violate
Chinese law or other applicable law, and therefore result in regulatory action and adverse
publicity.
China enacted a labor contract law which took effect January 1, 2008 and on September 18, 2008
an implementing regulation took effect. We have reviewed our employment contracts and contractual
relations with employees in China, which include certain of our sales persons, and have made such
changes as we believed to be necessary or appropriate to bring these contracts and contractual
relations into compliance with this new law and its implementing regulation. In addition, we
continue to monitor the situation to determine how this new law and regulation will be implemented
in practice. There is no guarantee that the new law will not adversely impact us, force us to
change our treatment of our distributor employees, or cause us to change our operating plan for
China.
43
If our operations in China are successful, we may experience rapid growth in China, and there
can be no assurances that we will be able to successfully manage rapid expansion of manufacturing
operations and a rapidly growing and dynamic sales force. There also
can be no assurances that we will not experience difficulties in dealing with or taking
employment related actions (such as hiring, terminations and salary administration, including
social benefit payments) with respect to our employed sales representatives, particularly given the
highly regulated nature of the employment relationship in China. If we are unable to effectively
manage such growth and expansion of our retail stores, manufacturing operations or our employees,
our government relations may be compromised and our operations in China may be harmed.
Our China business model, particularly with regard to sales management responsibilities and
remuneration, differs from our traditional business model. There is a risk that such changes and
transitions may not be understood by our distributors or employees, may be viewed negatively by our
distributors or employees, or may not be correctly utilized by our distributors or employees. If
that is the case, our business could be negatively impacted.
If we fail to further penetrate existing markets or successfully expand our business into new
markets, then the growth in sales of our products, along with our operating results, could be
negatively impacted.
The success of our business is to a large extent contingent on our ability to continue to grow
by entering new markets and further penetrating existing markets. Our ability to further penetrate
existing markets or to successfully expand our business into additional countries in Eastern
Europe, Southeast Asia, South America or elsewhere, to the extent we believe that we have
identified attractive geographic expansion opportunities in the future, is subject to numerous
factors, many of which are out of our control.
In addition, government regulations in both our domestic and international markets can delay
or prevent the introduction, or require the reformulation or withdrawal, of some of our products,
which could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Also,
our ability to increase market penetration in certain countries may be limited by the finite number
of persons in a given country inclined to pursue a direct selling business opportunity or consumers
willing to purchase Herbalife products. Moreover, our growth will depend upon improved training and
other activities that enhance distributor retention in our markets. While we have recently
experienced significant growth in certain of our markets, we cannot assure you that such growth
levels will continue in the immediate or long term future. Furthermore, our efforts to support
growth in such international markets could be hampered to the extent that our infrastructure in
such markets is deficient when compared to our more developed markets, such as the U.S. Therefore,
we cannot assure you that our general efforts to increase our market penetration and distributor
retention in existing markets will be successful. If we are unable to continue to expand into new
markets or further penetrate existing markets, our operating results could suffer.
Our contractual obligation to sell our products only through our Herbalife distributor network and
to refrain from changing certain aspects of our marketing plan may limit our growth.
We are a party to an agreement with our distributors that provides assurances that a change in
ownership will not negatively affect certain aspects of their business. Through this agreement, we
committed to our distributors that we will not sell Herbalife products through any distribution
channel other than our network of independent Herbalife distributors. Thus, we are contractually
prohibited from expanding our business by selling Herbalife products through other distribution
channels that may be available to our competitors, such as over the internet, through wholesale
sales, by establishing retail stores or through mail order systems. Since this is an open-ended
commitment, there can be no assurance that we will be able to take advantage of innovative new
distribution channels that are developed in the future.
In addition, our agreement with our distributors provides that we will not change certain
aspects of our marketing plan without the consent of a specified percentage of our distributors.
For example, our agreement with our distributors provides that we may increase, but not decrease,
the discount percentages available to our distributors for the purchase of products or the
applicable royalty override percentages, including roll-ups, and production and other bonus
percentages available to our distributors at various qualification levels within our distributor
hierarchy. We may not modify the eligibility or qualification criteria for these discounts, royalty
overrides and production and other bonuses unless we do so in a manner to make eligibility and/or
qualification easier than under the applicable criteria in effect as of the date of the agreement.
Our agreement with our distributors further provides that we may not vary the criteria for
qualification for each distributor tier within our distributor hierarchy, unless we do so in such a
way so as to make qualification easier.
Although we reserved the right to make these changes to our marketing plan without the consent
of our distributors in the event that changes are required by applicable law or are necessary in
our reasonable business judgment to account for specific local market or currency conditions to
achieve a reasonable profit on operations, there can be no assurance that our agreement with our
distributors will not restrict our ability to adapt our marketing plan to the evolving requirements
of the markets in which we operate. As a result,
our growth may be limited.
44
We depend on the integrity and reliability of our information technology infrastructure, and any
related inadequacies may result in substantial interruptions to our business.
Our ability to timely provide products to our distributors and their customers, and services
to our distributors, depends on the integrity of our information technology system, which has now
been upgraded to a full ERP Oracle platform, including the reliability of software and services
supplied by our vendors. We have implemented an Oracle enterprise-wide technology solution with its
scalable and stable open architecture platform, to enhance our and our distributors efficiency
and productivity. In addition, we are upgrading our internet-based marketing and distributor
services platform, MyHerbalife.com.
The most important aspect of our information technology infrastructure is the system through
which we record and track distributor sales, volume points, royalty overrides, bonuses and other
incentives. We have encountered, and may encounter in the future, errors in our software or our
enterprise network, or inadequacies in the software and services supplied by our vendors, although
to date none of these errors or inadequacies has had a meaningful adverse impact on our business.
Any such errors or inadequacies that we may encounter in the future may result in substantial
interruptions to our services and may damage our relationships with, or cause us to lose, our
distributors if the errors or inadequacies impair our ability to track sales and pay royalty
overrides, bonuses and other incentives, which would harm our financial condition and operating
results. Such errors may be expensive or difficult to correct in a timely manner, and we may have
little or no control over whether any inadequacies in software or services supplied to us by third
parties are corrected, if at all.
Since we rely on independent third parties for the manufacture and supply of certain of our
products, if these third parties fail to reliably supply products to us at required levels of
quality, then our financial condition and operating results would be harmed.
The majority of our products are manufactured at third party contract manufacturers, with the
exception of our products sold in China, which are manufactured in our Souzhou China facility, and
beginning in late August 2009 a small portion of our top selling U.S. products which are
manufactured in a recently acquired manufacturing facility located in Orange County California. It
is the companys intention to expand the capacity of this newly acquired manufacturing facility to
produce products for additional international markets. We cannot assure you that our outside
manufacturers will continue to reliably supply products to us at the levels of quality, or the
quantities, we require, especially under the FDAs recently adopted cGMP regulations. While we are
not presently aware of any current liquidity issues with our suppliers, we cannot assure you that
they will not experience financial hardship as a result of the current global financial crisis.
Our supply contracts generally have a two-year term. Except for force majeure events such as
natural disasters and other acts of God, and non-performance by Herbalife, our manufacturers
generally cannot unilaterally terminate these contracts. These contracts can generally be extended
by us at the end of the relevant time period and we have exercised this right in the past. Globally
we have over 40 suppliers of our products. For our major products, we have both primary and
secondary suppliers. Our major suppliers include Natures Bounty for protein powders, Fine Foods
(Italy) for protein powders and nutritional supplements, PharmaChem Labs for teas and
Niteworks® and JB Labs for fiber. In the event any of our third-party manufacturers were
to become unable or unwilling to continue to provide us with products in required volumes and at
suitable quality levels, we would be required to identify and obtain acceptable replacement
manufacturing sources. There is no assurance that we would be able to obtain alternative
manufacturing sources on a timely basis. An extended interruption in the supply of products would
result in the loss of sales. In addition, any actual or perceived degradation of product quality as
a result of reliance on third party manufacturers may have an adverse effect on sales or result in
increased product returns and buybacks. Also, as we experience ingredient and product price
pressure in the areas of soy, dairy products, plastics, and transportation reflecting global
economic trends, we believe that we have the ability to mitigate some of these cost increases
through improved optimization of our supply chain coupled with select increases in the retail
prices of our products.
If we fail to protect our trademarks and tradenames, then our ability to compete could be
negatively affected, which would harm our financial condition and operating results.
The market for our products depends to a significant extent upon the goodwill associated with
our trademark and tradenames. We own, or have licenses to use, the material trademark and trade
name rights used in connection with the packaging, marketing and distribution of our products in
the markets where those products are sold. Therefore, trademark and trade name protection is
important to our business. Although most of our trademarks are registered in the United States and
in certain foreign countries in which we operate, we may not be successful in asserting trademark
or trade name protection. In addition, the laws of certain foreign countries may not protect our
intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. The loss or
infringement of our
trademarks or tradenames could impair the goodwill associated with our brands and harm our
reputation, which would harm our financial condition and operating results.
45
Unlike in most of the other markets in which we operate, limited protection of intellectual
property is available under Chinese law. Accordingly, we face an increased risk in China that
unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain or use our trademarks, copyrights,
product formulations or other intellectual property. Further, since Chinese commercial law is
relatively undeveloped, we may have limited legal recourse in the event we encounter significant
difficulties with intellectual property theft or infringement. As a result, we cannot assure you
that we will be able to adequately protect our product formulations or other intellectual property.
We permit the limited use of our trademarks by our independent distributors to assist them in
the marketing of our products. It is possible that doing so may increase the risk of unauthorized
use or misuse of our trademarks in markets where their registration status differs from that
asserted by our independent distributors, or they may be used in association with claims or
products in a manner not permitted under applicable laws and regulations. Were this to occur it is
possible that this could diminish the value of these marks or otherwise impair our further use of
these marks.
If our distributors fail to comply with labeling laws, then our financial condition and operating
results would be harmed.
Although the physical labeling of our products is not within the control of our independent
distributors, our distributors must nevertheless advertise our products in compliance with the
extensive regulations that exist in certain jurisdictions, such as the United States, which
considers product advertising to be labeling for regulatory purposes.
Our products are sold principally as foods, dietary supplements and cosmetics and are subject
to rigorous FDA and related legal regimens limiting the types of therapeutic claims that can be
made for our products. The treatment or cure of disease, for example, is not a permitted claim for
these products. While we train our distributors and attempt to monitor our distributors marketing
materials, we cannot ensure that all such materials comply with applicable regulations, including
bans on therapeutic claims. If our distributors fail to comply with these restrictions, then we and
our distributors could be subjected to claims, financial penalties, mandatory product recalls or
relabeling requirements, which could harm our financial condition and operating results. Although
we expect that our responsibility for the actions of our independent distributors in such an
instance would be dependent on a determination that we either controlled or condoned a noncompliant
advertising practice, there can be no assurance that we could not be held vicariously liable for
the actions of our independent distributors.
If our intellectual property is not adequate to provide us with a competitive advantage or to
prevent competitors from replicating our products, or if we infringe the intellectual property
rights of others, then our financial condition and operating results would be harmed.
Our future success and ability to compete depend upon our ability to timely produce innovative
products and product enhancements that motivate our distributors and customers, which we attempt to
protect under a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, confidentiality
procedures and contractual provisions. However, our products are generally not patented
domestically or abroad, and the legal protections afforded by common law and contractual
proprietary rights in our products provide only limited protection and may be time-consuming and
expensive to enforce and/or maintain. Further, despite our efforts, we may be unable to prevent
third parties from infringing upon or misappropriating our proprietary rights or from independently
developing non-infringing products that are competitive with, equivalent to and/or superior to our
products.
Monitoring infringement and/or misappropriation of intellectual property can be difficult and
expensive, and we may not be able to detect any infringement or misappropriation of our proprietary
rights. Even if we do detect infringement or misappropriation of our proprietary rights, litigation
to enforce these rights could cause us to divert financial and other resources away from our
business operations. Further, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary
rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.
Additionally, third parties may claim that products we have independently developed infringe
upon their intellectual property rights. For example, in a pending action in the U.S. federal
courts, the Adidas companies have alleged that certain uses of Herbalifes Tri-Leaf device mark
upon sports apparel items infringe upon their own leaf mark associated with such goods. Although we
do not believe that we are infringing on any third party intellectual property rights, there can be
no assurance that one or more of our products will not be found to infringe upon other third party
intellectual property rights in the future.
46
Since one of our products constitutes a significant portion of our retail sales, significant
decreases in consumer demand for this product or our failure to produce a suitable replacement
should we cease offering it would harm our financial condition and operating results.
Our Formula 1 meal replacement product constitutes a significant portion of our sales,
accounting for approximately 31%, 30% and 28% of retail sales for the fiscal years ended December
31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. If consumer demand for this product decreases significantly
or we cease offering this product without a suitable replacement, then our financial condition and
operating results would be harmed.
If we lose the services of members of our senior management team, then our financial condition and
operating results could be harmed.
We depend on the continued services of our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Michael O.
Johnson, and our current senior management team as they work closely with the senior distributor
leadership to create an environment of inspiration, motivation and entrepreneurial business
success. Although we have entered into employment agreements with certain members of our senior
management team, and do not believe that any of them are planning to leave or retire in the near
term, we cannot assure you that our senior managers will remain with us. The loss or departure of
any member of our senior management team could adversely impact our distributor relations and
operating results. If any of these executives do not remain with us, our business could suffer.
Also, the loss of key personnel, including our regional and country managers, could negatively
impact our ability to implement our business strategy, and our continued success will also be
dependent on our ability to retain existing, and attract additional, qualified personnel to meet
our needs. We currently do not maintain key person life insurance with respect to our senior
management team.
The covenants in our existing indebtedness limit our discretion with respect to certain business
matters, which could limit our ability to pursue certain strategic objectives and in turn harm our
financial condition and operating results.
Our credit facility contains numerous financial and operating covenants that restrict our and
our subsidiaries ability to, among other things:
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pay dividends, redeem share capital or capital stock and make other restricted payments
and investments; |
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incur additional debt or issue preferred shares; |
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impose dividend or other distribution restrictions on our subsidiaries; |
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create liens on our and our subsidiaries assets; |
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engage in transactions with affiliates; |
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guarantee other indebtedness; and |
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merge, consolidate or sell all or substantially all of our assets and the assets of our
subsidiaries. |
In addition, our credit facility requires us to meet certain financial ratios and financial
conditions. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our
control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. Failure to comply with
these covenants could result in a default causing all amounts to become due and payable under our
credit facility, which is secured by substantially all of our assets, against which the lenders
thereunder could proceed to foreclose.
47
If we do not comply with transfer pricing, customs duties, and similar regulations, then we may be
subjected to additional taxes, duties, interest and penalties in material amounts, which could
harm our financial condition and operating results.
As a multinational corporation, in many countries including the United States we are subject
to transfer pricing and other tax regulations designed to ensure that our intercompany transactions
are consummated at prices that have not been manipulated to produce a desired tax result, that
appropriate levels of income are reported as earned by our United States or local entities, and
that we are taxed appropriately on such transactions. In addition, our operations are subject to
regulations designed to ensure that appropriate levels of customs duties are assessed on the
importation of our products. We are currently subject to pending or proposed audits that are at
various levels of review, assessment or appeal in a number of jurisdictions involving transfer
pricing issues, income taxes,
customs duties, value added taxes, withholding taxes, sales and use and other taxes and
related interest and penalties in material amounts. For example, we are currently appealing tax
assessments in Spain and Brazil. In another matter, in Mexico, we are awaiting a formal
administrative assessment to start the judicial appeals process. The likelihood and timing of any
such potential assessment is unknown as of the date hereof. The Company believes that it has
meritorious defenses. In some circumstances, additional taxes, interest and penalties have been
assessed and we will be required to pay the assessments or post surety, in order to challenge the
assessments. The imposition of new taxes, even pass-through taxes such as VAT, could have an impact
on our perceived product pricing and therefore a potential negative impact on our business. We have
reserved in the consolidated financial statements an amount that we believe represents the most
likely outcome of the resolution of these disputes, but if we are incorrect in our assessment we
may have to pay the full amount asserted which could potentially be material. Ultimate resolution
of these matters may take several years, and the outcome is uncertain. If the United States
Internal Revenue Service or the taxing authorities of any other jurisdiction were to successfully
challenge our transfer pricing practices or our positions regarding the payment of income taxes,
customs duties, value added taxes, withholding taxes, sales and use, and other taxes, we could
become subject to higher taxes and our earnings would be adversely affected.
Changes
in tax laws, treaties or regulations, or their interpretation could
adversely affect us.
A change in applicable tax laws, treaties or regulations or their interpretation could result
in a higher effective tax rate on our worldwide earnings and such change could be significant to
our financial results. Tax legislative proposals intending to eliminate some perceived tax
advantages of companies that have legal domiciles outside the U.S. but have certain U.S.
connections have repeatedly been introduced in the U.S. Congress. If these proposals are enacted,
the result would increase our effective tax rate and could have a material adverse effect on the
Companys financial condition and results of operations.
We may be held responsible for certain taxes or assessments relating to the activities of our
distributors, which could harm our financial condition and operating results.
Our distributors are subject to taxation, and in some instances, legislation or governmental
agencies impose an obligation on us to collect taxes, such as value added taxes, and to maintain
appropriate records. In addition, we are subject to the risk in some jurisdictions of being
responsible for social security and similar taxes with respect to our distributors. In the event
that local laws and regulations or the interpretation of local laws and regulations change to
require us to treat our independent distributors as employees, or that our distributors are deemed
by local regulatory authorities in one or more of the jurisdictions in which we operate to be our
employees rather than independent contractors under existing laws and interpretations, we may be
held responsible for social security and related taxes in those jurisdictions, plus any related
assessments and penalties, which could harm our financial condition and operating results.
We may incur material product liability claims, which could increase our costs and harm our
financial condition and operating results.
Our products consist of vitamins, minerals and herbs and other ingredients that are classified
as foods or dietary supplements and are not subject to pre-market regulatory approval in the United
States. Our products could contain contaminated substances, and some of our products contain some
ingredients that do not have long histories of human consumption. We conduct limited clinical
studies on some key products but not all products. Previously unknown adverse reactions resulting
from human consumption of these ingredients could occur. As a marketer of dietary and nutritional
supplements and other products that are ingested by consumers or applied to their bodies, we have
been, and may again be, subjected to various product liability claims, including that the products
contain contaminants, the products include inadequate instructions as to their uses, or the
products include inadequate warnings concerning side effects and interactions with other
substances. It is possible that widespread product liability claims could increase our costs, and
adversely affect our revenues and operating income. Moreover, liability claims arising from a
serious adverse event may increase our costs through higher insurance premiums and deductibles, and
may make it more difficult to secure adequate insurance coverage in the future. In addition, our
product liability insurance may fail to cover future product liability claims, thereby requiring us
to pay substantial monetary damages and adversely affecting our business. Finally, given the higher
level of self-insured retentions that we have accepted under our current product liability
insurance policies, which are as high as approximately $10 million, in certain cases we may be
subject to the full amount of liability associated with any injuries, which could be substantial.
48
Several years ago, a number of states restricted the sale of dietary supplements containing
botanical sources of ephedrine alkaloids and on February 6, 2004, the FDA banned the use of such
ephedrine alkaloids. Until late 2002, we had sold Thermojetics® original green herbal
tablets, Thermojetics® green herbal tablets and Thermojetics® gold herbal
tablets, all of which contained ephedrine alkaloids. Accordingly, we run the risk of product
liability claims related to the ingestion of ephedrine alkaloids contained in those
products. Currently, we have been named as a defendant in product liability lawsuits seeking
to link the ingestion of certain of the aforementioned products to subsequent alleged medical
problems suffered by plaintiffs. Although we believe that we have meritorious defenses to the
allegations contained in these lawsuits, and are vigorously defending these claims, there can be no
assurance that we will prevail in our defense of any or all of these matters.
We are subject to, among other things, requirements regarding the effectiveness of internal
controls over financial reporting. In connection with these requirements, we conduct regular
audits of our business and operations. Our failure to identify or correct deficiencies and areas
of weakness in the course of these audits could adversely affect our financial condition and
operating results.
We are required to comply with various corporate governance and financial reporting
requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as new rules and regulations adopted by
the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the New York Stock Exchange. In
particular, we are required to include management and auditor reports on the effectiveness of
internal controls over financial reporting as part of our annual reports on Form 10-K, pursuant to
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We expect to continue to spend significant amounts of time
and money on compliance with these rules. Our failure to correct any noted weaknesses in internal
controls over financial reporting could result in the disclosure of material weaknesses which could
have a material adverse effect upon the market value of our stock.
On a regular and on-going basis, we conduct audits through our internal audit department of
various aspects of our business and operations. These internal audits are conducted to insure
compliance with our policies and to strengthen our operations and related internal controls. The
Audit Committee of our Board of Directors regularly reviews the results of these internal audits
and, when appropriate, suggests remedial measures and actions to correct noted deficiencies or
strengthen areas of weakness. There can be no assurance that these internal audits will uncover all
material deficiencies or areas of weakness in our operations or internal controls. If left
undetected and uncorrected, such deficiencies and weaknesses could have a material adverse effect
on our financial condition and results of operations.
From time to time, the results of these internal audits may necessitate that we conduct
further investigations into aspects of our business or operations. In addition, our business
practices and operations may periodically be investigated by one or more of the many governmental
authorities with jurisdiction over our worldwide operations. In the event that these investigations
produce unfavorable results, we may be subjected to fines, penalties or loss of licenses or permits
needed to operate in certain jurisdictions, any one of which could have a material adverse effect
on our financial condition or operating results.
Holders of our common shares may face difficulties in protecting their interests because we are
incorporated under Cayman Islands law.
Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of
association, by the Companies Law (2009 Revision, as amended), or the Companies Law, and the common
law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our
directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as under statutes or judicial
precedent in existence in jurisdictions in the United States. Therefore, shareholders may have more
difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions by our management or board of
directors than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction in the United
States, due to the comparatively less developed nature of Cayman Islands law in this area.
Shareholders of Cayman Islands exempted companies such as Herbalife have no general rights
under Cayman Islands law to inspect corporate records and accounts or to obtain copies of lists of
our shareholders. Our directors have discretion under our articles of association to determine
whether or not, and under what conditions, our corporate records may be inspected by our
shareholders, but are not obliged to make them available to our shareholders. This may make it more
difficult for you to obtain the information needed to establish any facts necessary for a
shareholder motion or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy
contest.
49
A shareholder can bring a suit personally where its individual rights have been, or are about
to be, infringed. Where an action is brought to redress any loss or damage suffered by us, we would
be the proper plaintiff, and a shareholder could not ordinarily maintain an action on our behalf,
except where it was permitted by the courts of the Cayman Islands to proceed with a derivative
action. Our Cayman Islands counsel, Maples and Calder, is not aware of any reported decisions in
relation to a derivative action brought in a Cayman Islands court. However, based on English
authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, a
shareholder may be permitted to bring a claim derivatively on the Companys behalf, where:
|
|
|
a company is acting or proposing to act illegally or outside the scope of its corporate
authority; |
|
|
|
the act complained of, although not acting outside the scope of its corporate authority,
could be effected only if authorized by more than a simple majority
vote; or |
|
|
|
those who control the company are perpetrating a fraud on the minority. |
Provisions of our articles of association and Cayman Islands corporate law may impede a takeover
or make it more difficult for shareholders to change the direction or management of the Company,
which could reduce shareholders opportunity to influence management of the Company.
Our articles of association permit our board of directors to issue preference shares from time
to time, with such rights and preferences as they consider appropriate. Our board of directors
could authorize the issuance of preference shares with terms and conditions and under circumstances
that could have an effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction.
In addition, our articles of association contain certain other provisions which could have an
effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction or preventing or making it more difficult
for shareholders to change the direction or management of our Company, including a classified
board, the inability of shareholders to act by written consent, a limitation on the ability of
shareholders to call special meetings of shareholders and advance notice provisions. As a result,
our shareholders may have less input into the management of our Company than they might otherwise
have if these provisions were not included in our articles of association.
The Cayman Islands have recently introduced provisions to the Companies Law to facilitate
mergers and consolidations between Cayman Islands companies and non-Cayman Islands companies. These
provisions, contained within Part XVA of the Companies Law, are broadly similar to the merger
provisions as provided for under Delaware Law.
There are however a number of important differences that could impede a takeover. First, the
thresholds for approval of the merger plan by shareholders are higher. The thresholds are (a) a
shareholder resolution by majority in number representing 75% in value of the shareholders voting
together as one class or (b) if the shares to be issued to each shareholder in the consolidated or
surviving company are to have the same rights and economic value as the shares held in the
constituent company, a special resolution of the shareholders (being 66 2/3% of those present in
person or by proxy and voting) voting together as one class.
As it is not expected that the shares would have the same rights and economic value following
a takeover by way of merger, it is expected that the first test is the one which would commonly
apply. This threshold essentially has three requirements: a majority in number of the
shareholders of the Company must approve the transaction, such approving majority must hold at
least 75% in value of all the outstanding shares and the shareholders must vote together as one
class.
Additionally, the consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security interest (in essence
a documented security interest as opposed to one arising by operation of law) is required to be
obtained unless the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands waives such requirement.
The merger provisions contained within Part XVA of the Companies Law do contain shareholder
appraisal rights similar to those provided for under Delaware law. Such rights are limited to a
merger under Part XVA and do apply to schemes of arrangement as discussed below.
The Companies Law also contains separate statutory provisions that provide for the merger,
reconstruction and amalgamation of companies. Those are commonly referred to in the Cayman Islands
as schemes of arrangement.
50
The procedural and legal requirements necessary to consummate these transactions are more
rigorous and take longer to complete than the procedures typically required to consummate a merger
in the United States. Under Cayman Islands law and practice, a scheme of arrangement in relation to
a solvent Cayman Islands company must be approved at a shareholders meeting by a majority of each
class of the companys shareholders who are present and voting (either in person or by proxy) at
such meeting. The shares voted in favor of the scheme of arrangement must also represent at least
75% of the value of each relevant class of the companys shareholders present and voting at the
meeting. The convening of these meetings and the terms of the amalgamation must also be sanctioned
by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. Although there is no requirement to seek the consent of
the creditors of the parties involved in the scheme of arrangement, the Grand Court typically seeks
to ensure that the creditors have consented to the transfer of their liabilities to the surviving
entity or that the scheme of arrangement does not otherwise materially adversely affect
creditors interests. Furthermore, the court will only approve a scheme of arrangement if it
is satisfied that:
|
|
|
the statutory provisions as to majority vote have been complied with; |
|
|
|
the shareholders who voted at the meeting in question fairly represent the relevant class
of shareholders to which they belong. |
|
|
|
the scheme of arrangement is such as a businessman would reasonably approve; and |
|
|
|
the scheme of arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some
other provision of the Companies Law. |
If the scheme of arrangement is approved, the dissenting shareholder would have no rights
comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting
shareholders of U.S. corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially
determined value of the shares.
In addition, if an offer by a third party to purchase shares in us has been approved by the
holders of at least 90% of our outstanding shares (not including such a third party) pursuant to an
offer within a four-month period of making such an offer, the purchaser may, during the two months
following expiration of the four-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to
transfer their shares on the same terms on which the purchaser acquired the first 90% of our
outstanding shares. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, but this is
unlikely to succeed unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith, collusion or inequitable
treatment of the shareholders.
There is uncertainty as to shareholders ability to enforce certain foreign civil liabilities in
the Cayman Islands.
We are incorporated as an exempted company with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman
Islands. A material portion of our assets are located outside of the United States. As a result, it
may be difficult for our shareholders to enforce judgments against us or judgments obtained in U.S.
courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United
States or any state of the United States.
We have been advised by our Cayman Islands counsel, Maples and Calder, that although there is
no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, the
courts of the Cayman Islands will based on the principle that a judgment by a competent foreign
court imposes upon the judgment debtor an obligation to pay the sum for which judgment has been
given recognize and enforce a foreign judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction if such
judgment is final, for a liquidated sum, not in respect of taxes or a fine or penalty, is not
inconsistent with a Cayman Islands judgment in respect of the same matters, and was not obtained in
a manner, and is not of a kind, the enforcement of which is contrary to the public policy of the
Cayman Islands. There is doubt, however, as to whether the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands will
(1) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of
the federal securities laws of the United States or any state of the United States, or (2) in
original actions brought in the Cayman Islands, impose liabilities predicated upon the civil
liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or any state of the United
States, on the grounds that such provisions are penal in nature.
The Grand Court of the Cayman Islands may stay proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being
brought elsewhere.
|
|
|
Item 2. |
|
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
(a) None.
(b) None.
(c) Our original share repurchase program announced on April 18, 2007, expired on April 17,
2009 pursuant to its terms. On April 30, 2009, our board of directors authorized a new program to
repurchase up to $300 million of our common shares during the next two years, at such times and
prices as determined by management.
51
The following is a summary of our repurchases of common shares during the three months ended
September 30, 2009:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Number |
|
|
Approximate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of Shares |
|
|
Dollar |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchased as |
|
|
Value of Shares |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Part of Publicly |
|
|
that May Yet Be |
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Announced |
|
|
Purchased Under |
|
|
|
of Shares |
|
|
Paid per |
|
|
Plans or |
|
|
the Plans or |
|
Period |
|
Purchased |
|
|
Share |
|
|
Programs |
|
|
Programs |
|
July 1 July 31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
300,000,000 |
|
August 1 August 31 |
|
|
1,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
32.49 |
|
|
|
1,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
267,509,540 |
|
September 1 September 30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
267,509,540 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
1,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
32.49 |
|
|
|
1,000,000 |
|
|
$ |
267,509,540 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Item 3. |
|
Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
None.
|
|
|
Item 4. |
|
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
None.
|
|
|
Item 5. |
|
Other Information |
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
Reference |
|
2.1 |
|
|
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated April 10, 2002, by and among Herbalife International,
Inc., WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd. and WH Acquisition Corp.
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
Form of Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of Herbalife Ltd.
|
|
(d) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
Form of Share Certificate
|
|
(d) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.1 |
|
|
Form of Indemnity Agreement between Herbalife International Inc. and certain officers and
directors of Herbalife International Inc.
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.2 |
|
|
Office lease agreement between Herbalife International of America Inc. and State Teachers
Retirement System, dated July 11, 1995
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.3 |
# |
|
Herbalife International of America, Inc.s Senior Executive Deferred Compensation Plan,
effective January 1, 1996, as amended
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.4 |
# |
|
Herbalife International of America, Inc.s Management Deferred Compensation Plan,
effective January 1, 1996, as amended
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.5 |
|
|
Master Trust Agreement between Herbalife International of America, Inc. and Imperial Trust
Company, Inc., effective January 1, 1996
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.6 |
# |
|
Herbalife International Inc. 401K Profit Sharing Plan and Trust, as amended
|
|
(a) |
52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
Reference |
|
10.7 |
|
|
Trust Agreement for Herbalife 2001 Executive Retention Plan, effective March 15, 2001
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.8 |
# |
|
Herbalife 2001 Executive Retention Plan, effective March 15, 2001
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.9 |
|
|
Notice to Distributors regarding Amendment to Agreements of Distributorship, dated as of
July 18, 2002 between Herbalife International, Inc. and each Herbalife Distributor
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.10 |
|
|
Indemnity agreement dated as of July 31, 2002, by and among WH Holdings (Cayman Islands)
Ltd., WH Acquisition Corp., Whitney & Co., LLC, Whitney V, L.P., Whitney Strategic
Partners V, L.P., GGC Administration, L.L.C., Golden Gate Private Equity, Inc., CCG
Investments (BVI), L.P., CCG Associates-AI, LLC, CCG Investment Fund-AI, LP, CCG AV,
LLC-Series C, CCG AV, LLC-Series C, CCG AV, LLC-Series E, CCG Associates-QP, LLC and WH
Investments Ltd.
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.11 |
# |
|
Independent Directors Stock Option Plan of WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd.
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.12 |
# |
|
WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd. Stock Incentive Plan, as restated, dated as of November
5, 2003
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.13 |
# |
|
Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement, dated as of April 3, 2003 between WH Holdings
(Cayman Islands) Ltd. and Michael O. Johnson
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.14 |
# |
|
Side Letter Agreement dated as of April 3, 2003 by and among WH Holdings (Cayman Islands)
Ltd., Michael O. Johnson and the Shareholders listed therein
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.15 |
# |
|
Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement (Non-Executive Agreement)
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.16 |
# |
|
Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement (Executive Agreement)
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.17 |
|
|
Indemnity Agreement, dated as of February 9, 2004, among WH Capital Corporation and
Gregory Probert
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.18 |
|
|
Indemnity Agreement, dated as of February 9, 2004, among WH Capital Corporation and Brett
R. Chapman
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.19 |
|
|
Stock Subscription Agreement of WH Capital Corporation, dated as of February 9, 2004,
between WH Capital Corporation and WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd.
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.20 |
|
|
First Amendment to Amended and Restated WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd. Stock Incentive
Plan, dated November 5, 2003
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.21 |
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2002, by and among WH Holdings (Cayman
Islands) Ltd., Whitney V, L.P., Whitney Strategic Partners V, L.P., WH Investments Ltd.,
CCG Investments (BVI), L.P., CCG Associates-QP, LLC, CCG Associates-AI, LLC, CCG
Investment Fund-AI, L.P., CCG AV, LLC-Series C and CCG AV, LLC-Series E.
|
|
(b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.22 |
|
|
Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2002, by and among WH Holdings (Cayman
Islands) Ltd., Whitney Strategic Partners V, L.P., WH Investments Ltd., Whitney V, L.P.,
CCG Investments (BVI), L.P., CCG Associates-QP, LLC, CCG Associates-AI, LLC, CCG
Investment Fund-AI, LP, CCG AV, LLC-Series C and CCG AV, LLC-Series E.
|
|
(b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.23 |
|
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement between Herbalife Ltd. and the directors and certain
officers of Herbalife Ltd.
|
|
(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.24 |
# |
|
Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, effective December 1, 2004
|
|
(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.25 |
|
|
Termination Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2004, between Herbalife Ltd., Herbalife
International, Inc. and Whitney & Co., LLC.
|
|
(d) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.26 |
|
|
Termination Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2004, between Herbalife Ltd., Herbalife
International Inc. and GGC Administration, L.L.C.
|
|
(d) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.27 |
|
|
Indemnification Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2004, by and among Herbalife Ltd.,
Herbalife International, Inc., Whitney V, L.P., Whitney Strategic Partners V, L.P., CCG
Investments (BVI), L.P., CCG Associates-QP, LLC, CCG Associates-AI, LLC, CCG Investment
Fund-AI, LP, CCG AV, LLC-Series C, CCG AV, LLC-Series E, CCG CI, LLC and GGC
Administration, LLC.
|
|
(d) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.28 |
# |
|
Amendment No. 1 to Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan
|
|
(e) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.29 |
# |
|
Form of Stock Bonus Award Agreement
|
|
(e) |
53
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
Reference |
|
10.30 |
# |
|
Employment Agreement Effective as of January 1, 2005 between Herbalife Ltd. and Henry
Burdick
|
|
(f) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.31 |
# |
|
Form of 2004 Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement
|
|
(g) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.32 |
# |
|
Form of 2004 Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan Non-Employee Director Stock Option
Agreement
|
|
(g) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.33 |
|
|
Service Agreement by and between Herbalife Europe Limited and Wynne Roberts ESQ, dated as
of September 6, 2005
|
|
(h) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.34 |
# |
|
Independent Directors Deferred Compensation and Stock Unit Plan
|
|
(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.35 |
# |
|
Independent Directors Stock Unit Award Agreement
|
|
(i) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.36 |
# |
|
Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan
|
|
(j) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.37 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit Award Agreement
|
|
(k) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.38 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement
|
|
(k) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.39 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit Award Agreement applicable to
Mr. Michael O. Johnson
|
|
(l) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.40 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement
applicable to Mr. Michael O. Johnson
|
|
(l) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.41 |
# |
|
Amendment to Herbalife Ltd. Independent Directors Deferred Compensation and Stock Unit Plan
|
|
(m) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.42 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit Award Agreement applicable to
Messrs. Brett R. Chapman and Richard Goudis
|
|
(n) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.43 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement
applicable to Messrs. Brett R. Chapman and Richard Goudis
|
|
(n) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.44 |
# |
|
Employment agreement dated December 18, 2007 between Herbalife International of America,
Inc. and Paul Noack
|
|
(o) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.45 |
|
|
Form of Credit Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2006, by and among Herbalife International
Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings
S.á.R.L., Herbalife International Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg Holdings, S.á.R.L.,
WH Capital Corporation, WH Luxembourg Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd.,
Herbalife Distribution Ltd., Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution S.á.R.L., and the
Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as
Collateral Agent
|
|
(p) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.46 |
|
|
Form of Security Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2006, by and among Herbalife
International, Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH
Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L., Herbalife International Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg
Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH Luxembourg Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L.,
HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife Distribution Ltd., Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution S.á.R.L.,
and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation,
as Collateral Agent
|
|
(p) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.47 |
# |
|
Amended and Restated Independent Directors Deferred Compensation and Stock Unit Plan
|
|
(p) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.48 |
# |
|
Employment Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Gregory L. Probert dated October
10, 2006
|
|
(q) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.49 |
# |
|
Employment Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Brett R. Chapman dated October 10,
2006
|
|
(q) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.50 |
# |
|
Stock Unit Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Brett R. Chapman dated October 10,
2006
|
|
(q) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.51 |
# |
|
Amendment dated October 10, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd.
and Brett R. Chapman dated September 1, 2004
|
|
(q) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.52 |
# |
|
Amendment dated October 10, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd.
and Brett R. Chapman dated December 1, 2004
|
|
(q) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.53 |
# |
|
Amendment dated October 10, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd.
and Brett R. Chapman dated April 27, 2005
|
|
(q) |
54
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
Reference |
|
10.54 |
# |
|
Employment Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Richard P. Goudis dated October 24,
2006
|
|
(r) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.55 |
# |
|
Stock Unit Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Richard P. Goudis dated October 24,
2006
|
|
(r) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.56 |
# |
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd.
and Richard P. Goudis dated June 14, 2004
|
|
(r) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.57 |
# |
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd.
and Richard P. Goudis dated September 1, 2004
|
|
(r) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.58 |
# |
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd.
and Richard P. Goudis dated December 1, 2004
|
|
(r) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.59 |
# |
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd.
and Richard P. Goudis dated April 27, 2005
|
|
(r) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.60 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit Award Agreement applicable to
Michael O Johnson
|
|
(s) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.61 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement
applicable to Michael O. Johnson
|
|
(s) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.62 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit Award Agreement applicable to
Messrs. Richard P. Goudis and Brett R. Chapman
|
|
(s) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.63 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement
applicable to Messrs. Richard P. Goudis and Brett R. Chapman
|
|
(s) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.64 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit Award Agreement
|
|
(s) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.65 |
# |
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement
|
|
(s) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.66 |
|
|
First Amendment dated June 21, 2007, to Form of Credit Agreement, dated as of July 21,
2006, by and among Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate Holdings
Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L., Herbalife International Luxembourg
S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH Luxembourg
Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife Distribution Ltd., Herbalife
Luxembourg Distribution S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in favor of
Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(t) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.67 |
|
|
Second Amendment dated September 17, 2007, to Form of Credit Agreement, dated as of July
21, 2006, by and among Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate
Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L., Herbalife International
Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH
Luxembourg Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife Distribution Ltd.,
Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in
favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(t) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.68 |
|
|
Third Amendment dated November 30, 2007, to Form of Credit Agreement, dated as of July 21,
2006, by and among Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate Holdings
Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L., Herbalife International Luxembourg
S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH Luxembourg
Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife Distribution Ltd., Herbalife
Luxembourg Distribution S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in favor of
Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(u) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.69 |
# |
|
Herbalife Ltd. Employee Stock Purchase Plan
|
|
(u) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.70 |
|
|
Fourth Amendment dated February 21, 2008, to Form of Credit Agreement, dated as of July
21, 2006, by and among Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate
Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L., Herbalife International
Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH
Luxembourg Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife Distribution Ltd.,
Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in
favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(u) |
55
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
Reference |
|
10.71 |
# |
|
Employment Agreement dated as of March 27, 2008 between Michael O. Johnson and Herbalife
International of America, Inc.
|
|
(v) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.72 |
# |
|
Stock Unit Award Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Michael O. Johnson, dated
March 27, 2008.
|
|
(v) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.73 |
# |
|
Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Michael O.
Johnson, dated March 27, 2008.
|
|
(v) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.74 |
# |
|
Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Michael O.
Johnson, dated March 27, 2008.
|
|
(v) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.75 |
# |
|
Amendment No. 1 to Employment Agreement dated as of April 4, 2008 between Gregory L.
Probert and Herbalife International of America, Inc.
|
|
(w) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.76 |
|
|
Fifth Amendment dated September 25, 2008, to Form of Credit Agreement, dated as of July
21, 2006, by and among Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate
Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L., Herbalife International
Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH
Luxembourg Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife Distribution Ltd.,
Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in
favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(x) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.77 |
# |
|
Amendment to Herbalife International Inc. 401K Profit Sharing Plan and Trust
|
|
(y) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.78 |
# |
|
Amendment to Amended and Restated Independent Directors Deferred Compensation and Stock
Unit Plan
|
|
(y) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.79 |
# |
|
Form of Independent Directors Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement
|
|
(y) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.1 |
|
|
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
|
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.1 |
|
|
Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Filed herewith. |
|
# |
|
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
|
(a) |
|
Previously filed on October 1, 2004 as an Exhibit to the Companys
registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-119485) and is
incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(b) |
|
Previously filed on November 9, 2004 as an Exhibit to Amendment No.
2 to the Companys registration statement on Form S-1 (File No.
333-119485) and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(c) |
|
Previously filed on December 2, 2004 as an Exhibit to Amendment No.
4 to the Companys registration statement on Form S-1 (File No.
333-119485) and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(d) |
|
Previously filed on December 14, 2004 as an Exhibit to Amendment
No. 5 to the Companys registration statement on Form S-1 (File No.
333-119485) and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(e) |
|
Previously filed on February 17, 2005 as an Exhibit to the
Companys registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-122871)
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(f) |
|
Previously filed on May 13, 2005 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(g) |
|
Previously filed on June 14, 2005 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(h) |
|
Previously filed on September 23, 2005 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(i) |
|
Previously filed on February 28, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2005 and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(j) |
|
Previously filed on November 22, 2005 as an Exhibit to the
Companys registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 129885). |
|
(k) |
|
Previously filed on March 29, 2006 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
56
|
|
|
(l) |
|
Previously filed on March 29, 2006 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(m) |
|
Previously filed on March 30, 2006 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(n) |
|
Previously filed on March 31, 2006 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(o) |
|
Previously filed on December 20, 2007 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(p) |
|
Previously filed on November 13, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 2006 and is incorporated by reference. |
|
(q) |
|
Previously filed on October 12, 2006 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(r) |
|
Previously filed on October 26, 2006 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(s) |
|
Previously filed on May 29, 2007 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(t) |
|
Previously filed on November 6, 2007 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
2007 and is incorporated by reference. |
|
(u) |
|
Previously filed on February 26, 2008 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2007 and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(v) |
|
Previously filed on April 7, 2008 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(w) |
|
Previously filed on April 9, 2008 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(x) |
|
Previously filed on November 3, 2008 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
2008 and is incorporated by reference. |
|
(y) |
|
Previously filed on May 4, 2009 as an Exhibit to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009
and is incorporated by reference. |
57
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
|
|
HERBALIFE LTD.
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Richard Goudis
|
|
|
|
Richard Goudis |
|
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
Dated: November 2, 2009
58